Common Medical Abbreviations

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Common Medical Abbreviations

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Common Medical Abbreviations Luis R. DeSousa, M.D ., Ph.D . Joao S . DeSousa, B.Sc., M.Sc. Simon P. DeSousa, B.Sc., M.Sc. .P M . Maria C. DeSousa, B.Sc ., M.T., .H

DELMAR THOMSON LEARNING Africa " Australia " Canada " Denmark " Japan " Mexico " New Zealand " Philippines Puerto Rico " Singapore " Spain " United Kingdom " United States

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PublicationData Common medical abbreviationshis R. DeSousa.. .(et al.). p. cm. ISBN 0-8273-6643-4 1. Medicine -Abbreviations-Dictionaries. 2. Medicine - Acronyms-Dictionaries. 3. Medicine - Notation-Dictionaries. I. DeSousa. Luis R. W 13 C734 19941 [DNLM: 1. Medicine-abbreviations. R123.C595 1994 610 . 1 4 8 4 ~ 2 0 DNLMDLC 94-2624 1 for Library of Congress CIP

Contents

vii

Preface

ix

Acknowledgements

1

Common Medical Abbreviations

257

Appendix A (Common Medical Symbols)

262

Appendix B (Greek Alphabet)

263

Appendix C (Common Cardinal Numerals)

265

Appendix D (Metric Weights and Measures)

267

Appendix E (Common Decimal Factors)

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Preface

For those of us in the medical world, indiscriminate use of abbreviations in our daily parlance and writings has become a necessity. Lacking a universal forum to create these abbreviations has led to misinterpretation and frequent frustration on the part of many reviewers of health records and parlance . This book has been written with non-medical individuals in mind, and every effort has been made to collect the most frequently used abbreviations . To decipher individually created abbreviations seems a formidable task. Similar abbreviations have different meanings and connotations in different medical specialities and for different individuals in the same medical specialty! They are more the result of habit and extensive use by different individuals and do not follow any specific and established form or order. Thus some may use a specific abbreviation all in capital letters with or without periods, others may use all lowercase letters, and some even may combine capital and lowercase letters . Variations in symbols, Greek, and Latin letters may be used depending on the individual decision or medical specialty. This collection of abbreviations is arranged in alphabetical order, and the original Latin words are italicized wherever needed . Different meanings of an abbreviation are mentioned as well. Different combinations of capital and lowercase letters are given as in most common use . Please note, in certain instances hyphens are used to show how the abbreviations are derived . This collection is in no way a complete list of all the abbreviations and their meanings . Every attempt will be made to include newly formed abbreviations in future editions . Luis R. DeSousa, M.D., Ph.D. Please send your comments or feedback to the following address : P.O. Box 19435 Sacramento, California 95819-0435 U.S.A.

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Acknowledgements

My gratitude to my wife, Hind, for her support, and to my son, Philip, for inspiring me to work on this book . Luis R. DeSousa, M.D., Ph.D .

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This book is dedicated to our Loving Parents: Joaquim Victorino De Sousa and Ludgera Felicidade Fernandes, who are always treasured in our memories

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alpha-amino acid nitrogen alpha -one -anti-trypsin alpha-feto-protein alpha-gamma-globulinemia alpha-hydroxy-butyric dehydrogenase alpha-hydrazine analog of histidine alpha-2 macroglobulin alpha-methyl-dopa alpha-methyl-tyrosine alpha-naphthy-flavone alpha-naphthyl-iso-thiocyanate alpha-naphthyl-thio-urea Alpha Omega Alpha (an honorary society in U.S.A.) anti-thymocyte gamma (globulin) ante (before) Angstrom cumulated activity annum (year); anode ; anterior; aorta ; aqua (water) ; arabinose ; arteria (artery) ; axial A absorbance; accommodation ; acetum ; activity; adenine ; adenosine ; adult ; Adriamycin; age ; air ; alanine ; allergy; alveolar gas ; ampere; amphetamine; anesthetic; Angstrom; aqueous ; Ara-C ; area; argon; Asian; asparaginase ; atropine; audio ; auricle ; average ; azote (German word meaning nitrogen) ; mass number ; vitamin A aortic Al first heart sound aortic A2 second heart sound A-1 African variant AI angiotensin I All angiotensin II AIII angiotensin III so much of each ingredient in a prescription a a arteriae (arteries) as A&A aid and attendance ; awake and aware A.A. Associate in Arts (degree) aAAN a1AT ccFP ay G allBD allH a2M aMD ctMT aNF cNIT aNTU AQA ATy a A A a

A

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

AA

acetic acid; achievement age ; adenylic acid; African American ; Alcoholics Anonymous; alveolar-arterial; amino-acetone ; amino-acid; amino-acyl ; amyloid A; aortic aneurysm; arachiodonic acid; ascending aorta ; Australian antigen ; automobile accident abdominal aortic aneurysm; acute anxiety attack ; amalgam ; American Association of Anatomists ; aromatic amino acid; atypical adematous adenosis American Academy of Anesthesiologists' Assistants American Association for the Accreditation of Ambulatory Plastic Surgical Facilities amino acid-activating enzymes albumin auto-agglutinating factor Accreditation Association for Ambulatory Health Care amino acid adenylate alpha-amino acid nitrogen American Association for the Advancement of Science Association for Anesthesiologists' Assistants Training Program American Association of Bioanalysts American Association of Blood Banks antibiotic-associated colitis ; antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy American Association of Certified Allied Health Personnel in Ophthalmology American Association for Clinical Chemistry American Association of Childbirth Education acute angle closure glaucoma American Association for Clinical Immunology and Allergy American Association of Colleges of Nursing; American Association of Critical Care Nurses American Association of Clinical Oncology American Academy of Child Psychiatry American Association for Cancer Research American Academy of Dermatology alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference American Academy of Denture Prosthetics American Academy of Dental Radiology American Association of Dental Schools active assisted exercises; acute allergic encephalitis; American Association of Endodontists acetic-alcohol-formal in; 2-acetyl-amino-fluorene ; ascorbic acid factor

AAA AAAA AAAAPSF AAAE AAAF AAAHC AA-AMP aAAN AAAS AAATP AAB AABB AAC AACAHPO AACC RACE AACG AACIA AACN AACG AACP AACR AAD AaDO2 AADP AADR AADS AAE AAF

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS AAFP AAGP AAH AAHA AAHC AAHE AAHP AAI AAID AAL AALAS AAM AAMA AAMC AAMD AAME AAMI AAMRL AAMT AAN AANA AANN AAO AAOC AAGP AAOS AAP

AAPA AAPB AAPC AAPMR AAPPO AAR AARC

American Academy of Family Practice ; American Association of Family Physicians American Academy of General Practice atypical adenomatous hyperplasia American Academy of Health Administration Association of Academic Health Centers Association for the Advancement of Health Education American Association of Hospital Planners American Association of Immunologists; ankle-arm index American Academy of Implant Dentistry anterior axillary line American Association for Laboratory Animal Science American Academy of Microbiology American Association of Medical Assistants American Association of Medical Colleges American Association on Mental Deficiency acetyl-arginine methyl ester Association for Advancement of Medical Instrumentation American Association of Medical Record Librarians American Association for Medical Transcriptionists American Academy of Neurology; American Academy of Nursing; analgesic-associated nephropathy American Association of Nurse Anesthetists American Association of Neuroscience Nurses American Academy of Ophthalmology ; American Academy of Orthodontists ; American Academy of Otolaryngology ; amino acid oxidase; awake, alert, oriented ant-acid of choice American Academy of Oral Pathology American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons air atmospheric pressure ; American Academy of Pediatrics; American Academy of Pedodontics; American Academy of Periodontology ; American Association of Pathologists American Association of Pathologist Assistants ; American Academy of Physician Assistants American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriologists antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation American Association of Preferred Provider Organizations antigen-antiglobulin reaction American Association for Respiratory Care

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

AAROM AARP MART AAS AASH a1AT AAT AATS a.a.u. AAV a.b. ab. Ab A.B. A/B A>B AB ABA ABAI ABC

ABCD ABCM ABCP ABCRS ABCW abd. ABD ABDCT ABDIC abd pain abd poll

active assisted range of motion American Association of Retired Persons American Association for Rehabilitation Therapy ; American Association of Respiratory Therapy anthrax anti-serum ; aortic arch syndrome; atomic absorption spectrophotometry adrenal androgen stimulating hormone alpha-one-anti-trypsin alanine amino-transferase; atrium atrium triggered (pacemaker mode) ; Auditory Acuity Test; Auditory Apperception Test American Association for Thoracic Surgery agita ante usum (shake before using) adeno-associated virus ; AIDS-associated virus agita bene (shake well); abortus (abortion) abortio (abortion) anti-body Artium Baccalaureus (Bachelor of Arts) acid / base (ratio) air greater than bone abnormal ; aids to the blind; alcian blue; anti-body; antigen binding ; apex beat; asbestos body; asthmatic bronchitis; axio-buccal allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis; American Board of Anesthesiology ; anti-bacterial activity American Board of Allergy and Immunology absolute basophil count; acid buffered citrate ; Adriamycin, BCNU, Cyclophosphamide ; airway, breathing, circulation ; American Blood Commission ; aneurysmal bone cyst; antigen-binding capacity; apnea, bradycardia, cyanosis; aspiration biopsy cytology; axio-bucco-cervical Adriamycin, Bleomycin, CCNU, Dacarbazine Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Cytoxan, Mitomycin C American Board of Cardiovascular Perfusion American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery atomic, biological, and chemical warfare abdomen ; abdominal ; abduct; abduction ; abductor Adriamycin, Bleomycin, DTIC; aged, blind, disabled atrial bolus dynamic computer tomography Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Dimethyl-Imidazole-Carboxamide abdominal pain abductor pollicis

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS ABDV ABE ABEM ABET ab. feb . ABFP ABG ABGs ABI ABIM ABL ABLB ABLC ABMA ABMM ABMS abn . ABNF(HE) ABNM abnorm . ABNS abo . ABO ABOG abor. ABOS ABP ABPA ABPANC ABPM ABPMR ABMT ABPN ABPS abr. ABR

Adriamycin, Bleomycin, DTIC, Vinblastine acute bacterial endocarditis American Board of Emergency Medicine Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology absente febre (while fever is absent) American Board of Family Practice arterial blood gas ; axio-bucco-gingival arterial blood gases ankle-brachial index; atherothrombotic brain infarction American Board of Internal Medicine abeta-lipoproteinemia ; axio-bucco-lingual alternate binaural loudness balance amphotericin B lipid complex anti-basement membrane antibody American Board of Medical Management Advisory Board for Medical Specialties abnormal; abnormality Association of Black Nursing Faculty (in Higher Education) American Board of Nuclear Medicine abnormal; abnormality American Board of Neurological Surgery abortio (abortion) absent bed occupancy; American Board of Otolaryngology ; three main blood types American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology abortio (abortion) Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Oncovin, Streptozotocin; American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Prednisone; American Board of Pathology; American Board of Pediatrics ; androgen-binding protein; antigen-binding protein; arterial blood pressure allergic broncho-pulmonary aspergillosis American Board of Post Anesthesia Nursing Certification American Board of Preventive Medicine; ambulatory blood pressure monitoring American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation allogenic bone marrow transplantation American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology American Board of Plastic Surgery abrasions abortus-Bang ring (test); absolute bed rest; American Board of Radiology ; auditory brain response

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

abs . ABS abs . fev. ABSR abst. ABTS ABU ABV ABVD ABW ABX a/c a.c. Ac AC

AC/A ACA

ACAPI ACAT acb ACB AC/BC ACBE acc . ACC AcChS ACCI accom . ACCP

abscess ; absent; absolute ; absorption absent; absolute ; absorption ; acute brain syndrome ; admitting blood sugar ; alkyl-benzene sulfonate absente febre (while fever is absent) auditory brain stem response abstract American Board of Thoracic Surgery American Board of Urology Actinomycin D, Bleomycin, Vincristine ; Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Velban Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Dacarbazine actual body weight antibiotics alternating (electrical) current ante cibum (before meals) ; alternating (electrical) current actinium; acetyl ; acute abdominal circumference ; acromio-clavicular; adrenal cortex; adreno-corticoid; Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide; air-conditioner ; air conduction; all cultures; alternating (electrical) current ; anodic closure ; anterior chamber ; anti-cholinergic ; anti-coagulant; anticomplementary ; aortic closure; atrio-carotid; auriculocarotid ; axio-cervical accommodative convergence / accommodation (ratio) accessory conduction-ablation ; adeno-carcinoma ; American College of Angiology ; American College of Apothecaries ; anterior cerebral artery ; anti-centromere antibody; Automatic Clinical Analyzer anterior cerebral artery pulsatility index Automatic Computerized Axial Tomography before breakfast antibody-coated bacteria air conduction / bone conduction air contrast barium enema accident ; accommodation ; according ; accuratissime (most accurately) accumulator ; Acute Care Center ; adenoid cystic carcinoma; Ambulatory Care Center ; American College of Cardiology; anodal closure contraction acetyl-choline-sterase anodal closure clonus accommodation American College of Chest Physicians

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ACCR ACCT accur. ACD AC/DC ACD sol . ACE ACEI ACEP acetyl-CoA ACF AcFuCy AcG ACG ACGME ACh ACH ACHA AChE AChR AChRab ac & hs ACI acid phos. ACIOC ACIP ACK ACL aCLA ACLA ACLAM ACLS ACM ACN ACNHA

amylase creatinine clearance ratio account ; acute cervical cord trauma accuratissime (most accurately) absolute cardiac dullness ; acid citrate dextrose ; allergic contact dermatitis ; American College of Dentists ; annihilation coincidence detection ; anterior chest diameter bisexual (slang) acid citrate dextrose solution acetaminophen ; acetone ; acetonitrile; acute cerebellar encephalopathy ; adrenal cortical extract ; Adriamycin, Cytoxan, Etoposide ; angiotensin converting enzyme angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor American College of Emergency Physicians acetyl-coenzyme A accessory clinical findings; acute care facility ; anterior cervical fusion Actinomycin D, Fluorouracil, Cytoxan accelerator .globulin (coagulation Factor V) American College of Gastroenterology; angio-cardiography ; angle closure glaucoma ; apex-cardio-gram Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education acetyl-choline adrenal cortical hormone American College of Hospital Administrators acetyl-cholin-esterase acetyl-choline receptor acetyl-choline receptor anti-body ante cibum et hora somni (before meals and at bed-time) acoustic comfort index; adenylate cyclase inhibitor ; adrenal cortical insufficiency; anti-clonus index acid phosphatase anterior chamber intra-ocular (lens) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices acknowledge anterior cruciate ligament ; aspiryl chloride anti-cardio-lipin antibody American Clinical Laboratory Association American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine advanced cardiac life support Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate ; albumin-calcium-magnesium acute conditioned necrosis American College of Nursing Home Administrators

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ACNM ACO ACOG ACOP ACOPP ACOS ACOSPC acous. ACP

ACPE ACPP ACPS ACR acs ACS

ACSM ACSV ACT

ACTA Act-C Act-D ACTe ACTG ACTGS ACTH ACTH-RF ACTP

American College of Nuclear Medicine ; American College of Nurse Midwives anodal closure odor American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, Prednisone Adriamycin, Cytoxan, Oncovin, Prednisone, Procarbazine American College of Osteopathic Surgeons American College of Surgeons Pattern of Care acoustic acid phosphatase; acyl carrier protein; American College of Pathologists ; American College of Physicians; Animal Care Panel; anodal closure picture; Aspirin, Caffeine, Phenacetin American College of Physician Executives adreno-cortico-poly-peptide acro-cephalo-poly-syndactyly acriflavine ; adenomatosis of colon and rectum ; American College of Radiology; anti-constipation regimen before supper acute confusional state; Advanced Cardiovascular System; Advanced Catheter System ; American Cancer Society; American Chemical Society; American College of Surgeons ; American Cytology Society; anodal closing sound; antireticular cytotoxic serum; Association of Clinical Scientists American College of Sports Medicine aorto-coronary saphenous vein Actinomycin; activated clotting time ; activated coagulation time ; active ; advanced coronary treatment; anodal closure tetanus; anti-coagulant therapy; axial computed tomography American Cardiovascular Technologists Association; American Corrective Therapy Association; Automated Computerized Transverse Axial Actinomycin C Actinomycin D anodal closure tetanus AIDS Clinic Trial Group AIDS Clinic Trial Group Study adreno-cortico-tropic hormone adreno-cortico-tropic hormone releasing factor adreno-cortico-tropic polypeptide

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ACUTNS ACV ACVD ACVM ACVP Ad a.d. ad A.D. A/D A&D AD

ADA

ADAA ADAM ADAMHA ADB ADBC ADC

ADCC add. ADD ad def. an. ad deliq. addn ADDR ade. ADE ad effect .

acupuncture / transcutaneous nerve stimulation acyclovir; atrial, carotid, ventricular acute cardio-vascular disease American College of Veterinary Microbiologists American College of Veterinary Pathologists anisotropic disk auris dextra (right ear) ad (indication of something to be added to a certain amount) anno Domini (in the year of the Lord) analog-to-digital (converter) admission and discharge; ascending and descending accident dispensary ; active disease; admitting diagnosis; advertisement; alcohol dehydrogenase; Aleutian disease; Alzheimer's disease; analgesic dose ; anodal duration; antigenic determinant; aortic diameter ; arthritic dose; autonomic dysreflexia; average deviation; axio-distal; axis deviation adenosine-deaminase; American Dental Association; American Diabetic Association; American Dietetic Association; Americans with Disabilities Act; anterior descending artery American Dental Assistants Association animated dissection of anatomy for medicine Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration Adriamycin, Dacarbazine, Bleomycin Adriamycin ; DTIC, Bleomycin, CCNU Aid to Dependent Children ; AIDS Dementia Complex; albumin, dextrose, catalase ; analog-to-digital conversion; analog-to-digital converter; anodal duration contraction; average daily census ; axio-disto-cervical antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity adde (let there be added; add) ; adding ; adduction; adductor adduction; attention deficit disorder ; average daily dose ad defectionem animi (to the point of fainting) ad deliquim (to fainting) addition address adenine acute disseminated encephalitis ; apparent digestive energy ad effectum (until effectual)

A

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ADEM ADG ad grat. acid. ADH

acute disseminating encephalo-myelitis atrial diastolic gallop ; axio-disto-gingival ad gratum aciditatem (to an agreeable sourness) acute dehydration ; anti-diuretic hormone ; alcohol de-hydrogenase American Dental Hygienists Association attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adbibendus (to be administered) acceptable daily intake ; allowable daily intake ; axio-disto-incisal Adriamycin, Dimethyl-Imidazole-Carboxamide ad interim (meanwhile) adjoining ; adjunct; adjustment (bookkeeping abbreviation) activities of daily living ad libitum (as desired) administrative medicine; admission; admit; admitted administer; administration admove (add); admoveatur (let there be added) admitted in wheel-chair Associate Degree in Nursing anti- deoxyribo-nuclease ad neutro (neutralize) axio-disto-occlusal Adriamycin, Oncovin, Ara-C, Prednisone Adriamycin, Oncovin, Prednisone adenosine-di-phosphate ; area diastolic pressure ; automatic data processing ad parte dolente (to the painful part) average daily patient load ad pondus omnium (to the whole weight) adverse drug reaction Adriamycin antibody deficiency syndrome; anti-diuretic substance ad saturatum (to saturation) adstante febre (while there is fever) adenosine triphosphate ; admission, discharge, transfer; agar-gel diffusion test; alternate-day therapy ; alternate-day treatment; anodal duration tetanus ; atrial demand triggered (pacemaker) ad usum (usage) ad usum externum (for external use) ad duas vices (to two doses ; for two doses) adversum (against); advice; advise ; advisory

ADHA ADHD adhib. ADI A-DIC ad int . Adj ADL ad lib . ADM admin. admov. adm w/c A.D.N. ADN ad neut. ADO AdOAP AdOP ADP ad part. dol . ADPL ad pond. om. ADR Adria. ADS ad sat. ads . feb. ADT

ad us. ad us. ext . a.d.v. adv. 10

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ADV advan. ADX A/E AE AEA AE amp. AEC AECG AED AEF aeg. AEG AEI AEM AEP aeq. AER AES aet. AET aetat. AETB AEV AF

AFA AFB AFBG AFC AFCR AFDC AFG aFGF AFH AFib AFID AFL

adeno-virus ; advance ; advantage ; Aleutian disease virus advantage ; advantages adrenalectomized air entry above elbow ; air entry; ary-epiglottic alcohol, ether, acetone above elbow amputation at earliest convenience ; Atomic Energy Commission ambulatory ECG automatic external defibrillator allogenic effect factor aegra (patient) air encephalo-gram atrial escape interval analytical electron microscope; analytical electron microscopy artificial endocrine pancreas; average evoked potential aequales (equal) aldosterone excretion rate; anabolic energy requirements; auditory evoked response ; average evoked response American Electroencephalographic Society aetas (at the age of) absorption equivalent thickness ; automatic ectopic tachycardia aetatis (of the age) 2-amin-ethyliso-thiuronium bromide avian erythroblastosis virus abnormal frequency ; aflatoxin ; air-force; albumin-free ; amniotic fluid; angiogenesis factor ; antibody-forming; aortic flow; atrial fibrillation ; atrial flutter ; audio frequency American Fertility Association acid-fast bacillus ; acid-fast bacteria; aflatoxin B aorto-femoral bypass graft antibody-forming cells American Federation for Clinical Research Aid to Families with Dependent Children aflatoxin G acidic fibroblast growth factor anterior facial height atrial fibrillation alkali flame ionization detector aflatoxicol ; anti-fatty liver; atrial flutter

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

AFM AFO aFP AFP AFPP AFQ AFRD AFS AFSP AFT AFTC AFTN AFV Ag A/G AG AGA

aflatoxin M ankle-foot orthosis alpha-feto-protein atrial filling pressure; anterior faucial pillar acute fibrino-purulent pneumonia aflatoxin Q acute febrile respiratory disease American Fertility Society acute fibrino-serous pneumonia aflatoxin; afternoon apparently free testosterone concentration autonomously functioning thyroid nodule amniotic fluid volume antigen ; argentum (silver) albumin / globulin (ratio) abdominal girth; anti-globulin ; atrial gallop; axio-gingival American Gastroenterological Association ; appropriate for gestational age AGC automatic gain control AGE acute gastroenteritis ; agarose gel electrophoresis argentum-chloride (silver chloride) AgCI AGD agar gel diffusion AGEPC acetyl glyceryl ether phosphoryl choline feb aggrediente febre (while the fever is coming on) ag. . aGG alpha-gamma-globulinemia agglutinate ; agglutination aggl . AGGS anti-gas gangrene serum AgI argentum-iodide (silver iodide) agita (shake; stir) agit. . s. agita ante sumedum (shake before taking) agit a. vas . agitato vase (shake the vial) agit. AGL acute granulocytic leukemia AGM African green monkey AGMK African green monkey kidney (tissue culture) acute gastric mucosal lesion AGML acute glomerulo-nephritis AGN argentum-nitrate (silver nitrate) AgNO3 silver-staining nucleolar organizer regions AGNOR argentum-oxide (silver oxide) Ag20 AGP acid glycoprotein; agar-gel precipitation AGPT agar-gel precipitation test AgS argentum-sulfadiazine (silver sulfadiazine) adreno-genital syndrome AGS 12

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

Ag2SO I AGT AGTT AGV a.h. ah. Ah AH

AHA

AHBBP allBD AHC AHCPR AHD AHEM AHF AHFS AHG AHGS allH AHH AHI ANIMA AHJ AHLE AHLS AHM AHMA AHP AHPA AHR AHS AHT AHTG

argentum-sulfate (silver sulfate) adreno-glomerulo-tropin ; anti-globulin test abnormal glucose tolerance test aniline gentian violet alternis horis (every other hour) hypermetropic astigmatism ampere hour abdominal hysterectomy; accidental hypothermia ; aceto-hexamide ; amenorrhea and hirsutism ; aminohippurate ; anti-hyaluronidase; arterial hypertension ; artificial heart; ascites hepatoma aceto-hydroxamic acid; acquired hemolytic anemia ; American Heart Association ; American Hospital Association ; aspartyl-hydroxamine acid; autoimmune hemolytic anemia amino-hydroxy-butylidene bio-phosphate alpha-hydroxy-butyric dehydrogenase acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis ; acute hemorrhagic cystitis Agency for Health Care Policy and Research arteriosclerotic heart disease; atherosclerotic heart disease acute hemorrhagic encephalo-myelitis acute heart failure; anti-hemophilic factor American Hospital Formulary Service aggregated human globulin; anti-hemolytic globulin (factor) ; anti-hemophilic globulin; anti-human globulin acute herpetic gingival stomatitis alpha-hydrazine analog of histidine aryl-hydrocarbon hydroxylase active hostility index; apnea / hypopnea index American Health Information Management Association artificial hip joint acute hemorrhagic leuko-encephalitis anti-human lymphocytic serum ambulatory Holter monitoring; anterior hyaloid membrane American Holistic Medical Association Accountable Health Plan; acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis American Health Planning Association autonomic hyper-reflexia American Humane Society augmented histamine test; anti-hyaluronidase titer anti-human thymocytic globulin 13

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS AHuG AI AIA AIBA AIC AICA AICAH AICD AICF AID

AIDS AIE AIEP AIF AIGO AIH AIHA AIHD AILD AIM AIMS AIN AINS AIO AIP AIPL AIR AIS AIT 14

aggregated human globulin anaphylatoxin inhibitor ; anatomic index; aortic incompetency; aortic insufficiency; apical impulse ; artificial insemination ; artificial intelligence; axio-incisal allyl-isopropyl-acetamide ; amylase inhibitor activity amino-iso-butyric acid amino-imidazole carboxamide ; anti-inflammatory corticoid anterior inferior communicating artery auto-immune chronic active hepatitis (lispoid hepatitis) automatic implantable cardiac defibrillator; automatic implantable cardiovascular defibrillator auto-immune complement fixation acute infectious disease ; Agency for International Development ; artificial insemination by donor (heterologous insemination) ; auto-immune deficiency; autoimmune disease ; automatic implantable defibrillator acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome acute infectious encephalitis; acute infective endocarditis amount of insulin extractable from the pancreas aorto-ilio-femoral amyloid of immuno-globulin origin American Institute of Homeopathy; artificial insemination by husband (homologous insemination) American Industrial Hygiene Association ; auto-immune hemolytic anemia acquired immune hemolytic disease ; auto-immune hemolytic disease angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia assess, improve, maintain abnormal involuntary movement scale acute interstitial nephritis anti-inflammatory non-steroidal amyloid of immunoglobulin origin acute intermittent porphyria ; automated immunoprecipitation ; average intravascular pressure angiocentric immuno-proliferative lesions amino-imidazole ribonucleotide anti-insulin serum; androgen insensitivity syndrome alanine amino-transferase

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

auto-immune thrombocytopenic purpura arginine insulin tolerance test absolute iodine uptake American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine accelerated idio-ventricular rhythm ankle jerk American Joint Committee on Cancer above knee ; adenylate kinase ; atrial kick above knee amputation ; alcoholic keto-acidosis ; also known as Al aluminum (used in U.S.A); aluminium (used in U.K.) AL active lipid; acute leukemia ; adaptation level; albumin; alcohol; auris laeva; axio-lingual ALA Active Labor Act; alanine; American Lung Association; amino-levulinic acid ; axio-labial ALAD abnormal left axis deviation; amino-levulinic acid dehydratase ALAG axio-labio-gingival ALAL axio-labio-lingual alanine transaminase ALAT albus (albumin) alb. ALB alternate loudness balance ALC alcohol; alcoholic; axio-linguo-cervical ; approximate lethal concentration; avian leukosis complex ALD adreno-leuko-dystrophy ; alcoholic liver disease; aldolase ; angioimmunoblastic lympha-denopathy ALG anti-lymphocytic globulin ; axio-linguo-gingival alk . alkaline alk. phos . alkaline phosphatase ALL acute lymphatic leukemia ; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; acute lymphocytic leukemia ; allergies; allergy; allose axio-labio-lingual ALM acral lentiginous melanoma ; alveolar lining material ALME acetyl-lysine methyl ester ALMI antero-lateral myocardial infarction ALN anterior lymph node ALO axio-linguo-occlusal Al203 aluminum-oxide (aluminium-oxide) aluminum-hydroxide Al(OH)3 (aluminium-hydroxide) ALOMAD Adriamycin, Leukeran, Oncovin, Methotrexate, Actinomycin D, Dacarbazine ALOS average length of stay AITP AITT AIU AIUM AIVR AJ AJCC AK AKA

15

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ALP ALPS ALRI ALRR ALS

alt . ALT ALTIAST ALTB alt . dieb alt. hor . alt. noc. ALTRCC ALU ALU alv. adst . ALW a.m . a2 M Am AM

AMA AMACT AMA-ERF AMA-Fab AMAP AMB AMBL AMC

alkaline phosphatase ; alkyl lyso-phospholipids; anterior lobe of pituitary ; anti-lymphocyte plasma Aphasia Languages Performance Scales antero-lateral rotary instability arthroscopic lateral retinacular release acute lateral sclerosis; advanced life support ; alternating chemotherapy with radiotherapy without delay of chemotherapy; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; angiotensinlike substance ; antero-lateral sclerosis ; anticipated life span; anti-lymphatic serum; anti-lymphocyte serum alter (the other) ; alternate ; altitude alanine amino-transferase ; alanine transaminase (formerly SGPT) ; argon laser trabeculoplasty alanine amino -transfer ase l aspartate aminotransferase (ratio) acute laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis alternis diebus (every other day) alternis boris (every other hour) alternis nocte (every other night) auto-lymphocyte-based treatment for renal cell carcinoma arithmetic and logic unit (in a computing processor) alveolar; avian leukosis virus alvo adstricta (when the bowels are constipated) arch-loop-whorl system anno mundi (in the year of the world) ; ante meridiem (being before noon); ante mortem (preceding death) alpha-2 macroglobulin Americium actomyosin; aerospace medicine; alveolar macrophage ; American; ametropia ; ampicillin ; amplitude modulation; anovular menstruation ; arousal mechanism; Artium Magister (Master of Arts); aviation medicine ; axiomesial; before noon; myopic astigmatism against medical advice; American Medical Association; anti-mitochondrial antibody; as much as anti-microbial agents and chemo-therapy AMA - Education and Research Foundation antimyosin monoclonal antibody with Fab fragment as much as possible ambiguous ; ambulance ; ambulate; ambulatory acute mono-blastic leukemia arm muscle circumference ; arthrogryposis multiplex congenita ; axio-mesio-cervical

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

AMCL aMD AMD AME AMEA Amerind. AMF AmFAR AMG AMH AMI AMKBL AML

AMLP AMLR AMLS AMM AMMBL AMMCL AMN AMO A-mode amp. AMP AMPAC AMPase amph. AMP kinase ampl. AMPPE AMPS AMRA AMRD AMRI AMRL

acute mono-cytic leukemia alpha-methyl-dopa arthroscopic micro -diskectomy ; axio-mesio-distal amphotericin methyl ester American Medical Electroencephalographic Association American Indian amniotic fluid; anti-muscle factor American Foundation for AIDS Research anti-macrophage globulin ; axio-mesio-gingival mixed astigmatism with myopia predominating acute myocardial infarction ; American Indian ; amitriptyline; anterior myocardial infarction ; Association of Medical Illustrators ; axio-mesio-incisal acute mega-karyo-blastic leukemia acute monocytic leukemia ; acute myeloblastic leukemia; acute myelocytic leukemia ; acute myelogenous leukemia ; acute myeloid leukemia ; anterior mitral leaflet anatomic medullary locking prosthesis autologus mixed lymphocyte reaction anti-mouse lymphocyte serum agnogenic myeloid metaplasia ; ammonia acute myelo-mono-blastic leukemia ; acute myelomono-blastic lymphoma acute myelo-mono-cytic leukemia alloxazine mono-nucleotide; American Medical News axio-mesio-occlusal amplitude mode ampere ; amphetamine; ampicillin; ampule ; amputation acid muco-polysaccharide; adenosine mono-phosphate; amplifier; amplitude; average mean pressure; Rifampin American Medical Political Action Committee adenosine mono-phosphat-ase amphetamine; amphoric adenylate kinase amplitude; amplus (large) acute multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy abnormal muco-poly-sacchariduria ; acid mucopoly-saccharides American Medical Record Association Anti-microbial Removal Device ametro-medial rotatory instability Aerospace Medical Research Laboratories 17

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

AMS amsa. AMSA amt. aMT AMT amu AMV AMWA amy. AMZ an. An A/N AN ana ANA ANAC anal. ANAP anat . ANC AnCC ANDA andro. AnDTe anes . aNF ANF ang. angio. ANHB anhyd. ANISO aNIT ank. 18

acute mountain sickness; amylase; anti-macrophage serum; Army Medical Service; atypical measles syndrome ; auditory memory span; automated multiphasic screening amsacrine acridinylaniside ; American Medical Students Association amount alpha-methyl-tyrosine American Medical Technologists; amethopterin; amphetamine; amount atomic mass unit assisted mechanical ventilation American Medical Women's Association; American Medical Writers Association amylase antero-medial displacement osteotomy anode Actinon; anisometropia ; anodal ; anode as needed aneurysm ; anorexia nervosa; ante-natal ; aseptic necrosis ; avascular necrosis so much of each American Nurses Association; anti-nuclear antibody ; aspartyl naphthyl-amide Association of Nurses in AIDS Care analgesia ; analgesic agglutination negative, absorption positive anatomic; anatomical ; anatomy absolute neutrophil count anodal closure contraction abbreviated new drug application androsterone anodal duration tetanus anesthesia ; anesthetic alpha-naphthy-flavone American Nurses Foundation ; anti-nuclear factor ; atrial natriuretic factor angiogram; angiograph; angle angiocatheter; angiocatheterizaton ; angiography Alaska Native Health Board anhydrous anisocytosis ; anisometropia alpha-naphthyl-iso-thiocyanate ankle

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia ; acute non-lymphocytic leukemia annl. annual ; annulatomy ; annulorrhaphy ANP A-nor-progesterone; atrial natriuretic polypeptide ANRC American National Red Cross ANS answer; anterior nasal spine; anti-neutrophilic serum ; arteriolo-nephro-sclerosis; autonomic nervous system ANSA amino-naphthol-sulfonic acid American National Standards Institute ANSI ante (before) ant. acoustic noise test; anterior; anthropology ANT Antamycin A Ant . A antag. antagonistic ant ax line anterior axillary line anthrop . anthropology anti-AChR anti-acetyl-choline receptor anti-coag anti-coagulant anti-DNA anti- deoxyribo-nucleic acid anti-FY Duffy antibody anti-glomerular basement membrane anti-GBM anti-HAA antibody to hepatitis-associated antigen anti-HAV anti-hepatitis A virus anti-HB anti-hepatitis B anti-HBC antibody to hepatitis B core antigen anti-HBS antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen anti-HLTD III antibody screen in testing for AIDS anti-S anti-sulfanilic acid triiodothyronine anti-T3 auto-antibodies ant . part. ante partum (before delivery) ant. pit . anterior pituitary ant. pran. ante prandium (before dinner) ant . tib . anterior tibial aNTU alpha-naphthyl-thio-urea ANUG acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis a/o angle of A-O acoustic-optic ; awake and oriented A&O awake and oriented AO acid output ; acridine orange ; anodal opening; anterior oblique ; aortic opening ; atomic orbital ; atrioventricular opening (of the valves) ; axio-occlusal AOA Alpha Omega Alpha (an honorary society in U.S.A.); American Optometric Association ; American Orthopsychiatric Association ; American Osteopathic Association ANLL

19

A

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

AOAA AOB AOC

amino-oxy-acetic acid accessory olfactory bulb ; alcohol on breath abridged ocular chart; anodal opening clonus; anodal opening contraction arterial occlusive disease ; auriculo-osteo-dysplasia adult onset diabetes mellitus angiographically occult intracranial vascular malformation acro-osteo-lysis acute otitis media ; alternatives of management American Occupational Medical Association American Organization of Nurse Executives anodal opening odor left ventricle to aorta pressure gradient anodal opening picture ; aortic pressure American Orthotics and Prosthetics Association Alvarado Orthopedic Research Association of Operating Room Nurses anodal opening sound American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine American Occupational Therapy Association anodal opening tetanus apparent oxygen utilization analysis of variance April anterior and posterior ; auscultation and palpation ; auscultation and percussion acid phosphatase ; action potential ; acute proliferative ; alkaline phosphatase; amino-peptidase; angina pectoris; ante partum; anterior pituitary; antero-posterior; aortic pressure; apical pulse ; apriori (prior to) ; arterial pressure; atrial pacing; atrium pacing; axio-pulpal aldosterone-producing adenoma ; American Pharmaceutical Association ; American Physiotherapy Association ; American Podiatric Association; American Psychiatric Association ; American Psychological Association ; amino-penicillanic acid; anti-pernicious anemia (factor) acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Acetaminophen (Acamol; Calpol ; Dirox; Dymadon ; Tylenols) ; Association of Physician Assistants Programs annular phased array system abductor pollicis brevis ; atrial premature beat adenoid-pharyngeal-con)unctival ; Amsacrine, Prednisone, Chlorambucil ; anti-phlogistic corticoid ;

AOD AODM AOIVM AOL AOM AOMA AONE AOO AoP AOP AOPA AOR AORN AOS AOSSM AOTA AOTe AOU AOV Ap. A&P AP

APA

APACHE APAP APAS APB APC 20

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

APC-C APCD APCF APD APE APF APG APGAR APH APHA APhAs APHP APKD APL AP-Lat APM APMD APML APN a.p.o. APO apo C apo D apo E app . APP AP:PA APPG applic. approx. appt. Apr. APR

antigen-presenting cell; Aspirin, Phenacetin, Caffeine ; atrial premature complex ; atrial premature contraction Aspirin, Phenacetin, Caffeine with Codeine adult polycystic (kidney) disease acute pharyngo-conjunctival fever antero-posterior diameter ; atrial premature depolarization acetone powder extract; acute psychotic episode ; acute pulmonary edema ; Aminophylline, Phenobarbital, Ephedrine ; anterior pituitary extract anabolism-promoting factor ; animal protein factor acid-precipitable globulin adaptability, partnership, growth, affection, resolve adenohypo-physeal hormone ; ante-partum hemorrhage ; anterior pituitary hormone American Public Health Association American Pharmaceutical Association anti-Pseudomonas human plasma adult polycystic kidney disease abductor pollicis longus ; accelerated painless labor; acute promyelocytic leukemia ; anterior pituitary-like (hormone) antero-posterior and lateral anterior papillary muscle automated percutaneous micro- diskectomy acute pro-myelocytic leukemia acute pyelo-nephritis ; average peak noise ad pondus ommum (to the weight of the whole) Adriamycin, Prednisone, Oncovin apolipoprotein C apolipoprotein D apolipoprotein E applantus (flat) alum-precipitated protein ; alum-precipitated pyridine; apparent ; appendix ; auscultation, percussion, palpation antero-posterior : postero-anterior aqueous procaine penicillin G applicandus (to be administered) approximate ; approximately ; approximation appointment April abdominal-perineal resection ; amebic prevalence rate; anatomic porous replacement ; anterior pituitary reaction ; April 21

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

APRP APRT APS APSAC APT APTA APTT APT test APUD APUD-C APUD-T aq. AQ aq. bul . aq. calc. aq. calid. aq. cam. aq. chlori aq. dest. aq. ferv. aq. font . aq. fortis aq. frig. aq. m. p. aq. pura aq. purif. aq. tepid Ar A/R A&R AR

ARA Ara-A Ara-C ARAD ARAS 22

acute phase reactant protein adenine phospho-ribosyl transferase adenosine phospho-sulfate; American Physiological Society anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex alum-precipitated toxoid ; artificial pneumo-thorax; atrial paroxysmal tachycardia; automatic programmed tools American Physical Therapy Association activated partial thromboplastin time aluminum (aluminium) precipitated toxoid test amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cells amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation tumors aqua (water); aqueus (water) abstraction quotient ; accomplishment quotient ; achievement quotient; any quantity aqua bulliens (boiling water) aqua calcariae (lime water) aqua calida (warm water) aqua camphorae (camphor water) aqua chlori (chlorine water) aqua destillata (distilled water) aqua fervens (hot water) aqua fontana (fountain water) ; aqua fontis (spring water) aqua fortis (strong water; weak nitric water) aqua frigida (cold water; frigid water) aqua menthae piperitae (peppermint water) aqua Aura (pure water) aqua purificata (purified water) aqua tepida (tepid water) Argon apical / radial advised and released achievement ratio; active resistance ; alarm reaction ; allergic reaction ; allergic rhinitis; analytical reagent; androgen receptor; aortic regurgitation ; Argyll Robertson (pupil); artificial respiration; atrial rate; auto-radiography American Rheumatism Association Arabinoside-Adenine Arabinoside-Cytosine abnormal right axis deviation ascending reticular activation system

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

Ara-U ARBOR ARBP ARC ARCA ARD

ARDS ARF arg . Arg . ARG ARI ARIA ARL ARLD ARM ARMD ARMs AROA AROM ARP ARROM ARRS ARRT ARS ARSM ART ARV ARVO a.s. A-s As

Arabinosyl-Uracil arthropod-borne (virus) apo-retinal binding protein abnormal retinal correspondence; accelerating rate calorimeter; AIDS-Related Complex; American Red Cross; anamalous retinal correspondence acquired red cell aplasia ; American Rehabilitation Counselling Association acute respiratory disease ; acute respiratory distress ; adult respiratory disease ; AIDS-Related Disease ; Antimicrobial Removal Device; arthritis and rheumatic diseases acute respiratory distress syndrome ; adult respiratory distress syndrome acute renal failure; acute respiratory failure; acute rheumatic fever ; audio response frequency argentum (silver) arginine; arginyl auto-radio-graphy airway reactivity index automated radio-immuno-assay average remaining lifetime alcohol-related liver disease allergy relief medicine; artificial rupture of membrane age-related macular degeneration artificial rupture of membranes autosomal recessive ocular albinism active range of motion; artificial rupture of membrane(s) absolute refractory period; at-risk period active resistive range of motion American Roentgen Ray Society American Registry of Radiologic Technologists AIDS-Related Syndrome ; anti-rabies serum acute respiratory system malfunction absolute retention time; Accredited Record Technician; AIDS Resources Team; Automated Reagin Test; artery ; arterial ; artificial; articulation AIDS-Related Virus; anterior right ventricular Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology auris sinistra (left ear) ampere second Arsenic ; astigmatic; astigmatism ; standard atmosphere 23

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

AS

ASA

ASAHP ASAI ASAP ASAS ASAT asb . ASB ASC ASCAD ASCH ASCII ASCLT ASCO ASCP ASCVD ASCVRD ASD ASDC ASDH ASE ASEP ASF ASG ASGE ASH ASHA ASHD 24

Adam-Stokes (disease); alveolar sac ; androsterone sulfate; Anglo-Saxon; ankylosing spondylitis ; anti-streptolysin ; anxiety state; aortic sounds; aortic stenosis ; aqueous solution ; arterio-sclerosis; artificial sweetener; astigmatism ; athero-sclerosis ; audiogenic seizure Acetyl Salicylic Acid (Aspirin) ; Adams-Stokes Attack ; American Society of Anesthesiologists ; American Standards Association ; American Surgical Association ; arginino-succinic acid; aryl-sulfatase A; as soon as American Society of Allied Health Professionals aortic stenosis and aortic insufficiency as soon as possible American Society of Abdominal Surgeons aspartate amino-transferase (formerly SGOT) ; aspartate transaminase asbestiform; asbestos ; asbestosis American Society of Bacteriologists altered state of consciousness ; ambulatory surgical center arterio-sclerotic coronary artery disease American Society of Clinical Hypnosis American Standard Code for Information Interchange American Society of Clinical Laboratory Technicians American Society of Clinical Oncology; American Society of Contemporary Ophthalmology American Society of Clinical Pathologists arterio-sclerotic cardio-vascular disease; arherio-sclerotic cardio-vascular disease arterio-sclerotic cardio-vascular renal disease aldosterone secretion defect ; atrial septal defect American Society of Dentistry for Children acute sub-dural hematoma American Society of Echocardiography; axilla, shoulder, elbow American Society for Experimental Pathology aniline, sulfur, formaldehyde anti-serum globulin American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy American Society for Hematology; anti-streptococcal hyaluronidase ; asymmetrical septal hypertrophy American School Health Association ; American Speech and Hearing Association arterio-sclerotic heart disease ; athero-sclerotic heart disease

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ASHP ASIF ASII ASIM ASIS ASK ASL ASLC ASLO ASM ASMI ASMT ASN ASO As203 ASP ASPAN ASPET ASPS ASPVD ASR ASRT ASS ASSN ASST AST

astigm . ASTO as tol. ASTR ASTZ ASUTS ASV ASVD ASVG ASVIP

American Society of Hospital Pharmacists American Society of Internal Fixation American Science Information Institute American Society of Internal Medicine anterior superior iliac spines anti-strepto-kinase American Sign Language ; anti -strepto-lys in; arginino-succinate-lyase acute, self-limited colitis anti-strepto-lysin O American Society for Microbiology ; myopic astigmatism antero-septal myocardial infarct American Society for Medical Technology alkali-soluble nitrogen anti -streptolysin O; arteriosclerosis obliterans arsenic trioxide American Society of Parasitologists; asparagmase; asparagine ; asparaginyl; aspartic acid; aspartyl American Society of Post Anesthesia Nurses American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics alveolar soft part sarcoma arterio-sclerotic peripheral vascular disease aldosterone secretion rate; aldosterone secretory rate American Society of Radiologic Technologists anterior superior spine; arginino-succinate synthetase association assistant angiotensin sensitivity test; aspartate amino-transferase (formerly SGOT); aspartate transaminase ; Association of Surgical Technologists; astigmatism ; Atlantic Standard Time astigmatism anti-streptolysin O as tolerated American Society for Therapeutic Radiology anti-strepto-zyme American Society of Ultrasound Technical Specialists anti-snake venom; arterio-superficial venous arterio-sclerotic vascular disease; athero-sclerotic vascular disease autologous saphenous vein graft Atrial Synchronous Ventricular Inhibited Pacemaker 25

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

asym. At AT

ATIII ATA atax. ATC ATCC ATD ATE ATF ATG ATGam ATge ATI ATL ATLA ATLL ATLS ATLV atm. ATN at. no. ATNR ATP ATPase ATPS ATR ATRT ATS ATT 26

asymmetrical; asymptomatic Astatine achievement test; Achilles tendon; adenine and thymine; adjunctive therapy; air temperature ; Alt Tuberculin (German : old Tuberculin) ; ami-triptyline ; amino-transferase ; anaphyla-toxin ; anti-thrombin; anti-trypsin ; applanation tonometry; arrival time; artificial teeth ; artificial tooth ; atomic ; atrial tachycardia anti-thrombin III alimentary toxic aleukia ; anti-thyroglobulin antibody; anti-Toxoplasma antibodies; atmosphere absolute ataxaphasia; ataxia ; ataxiagram ; ataxiagraph ; ataxiameter ; ataxiophobia; ataxophemia ; ataxphemia activated thymus cell; around the clock ; atrial tachy-cardia American Type Culture Collection Alzheimer-Type Dementia; anti-thyroid drugs; asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy adipose tissue extract Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (Bureau); BATF Adenine, Thymine, Guanine ; anti-thymocyte globulin; anti-thyro-globulin; antihuman thymocyte globulin anti-thymocyte gamma (globulin) gas exchange anaerobic threshold abdominal trauma index Achilles tendon lengthening ; adult T-cell leukemia ; adult Tcell lymphoma ; atypical lymphocytes adult T-cell leukemia antigen adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma advanced trauma life support adult T-cell leukemia virus atmosphere; atmospheric acute tubular necrosis atomic number asymmetric tonic neck reflex adenosine tri-phosphate adenosine tri-phosphat-ase ambient temperature and pressure saturated Achilles tendon reflex Achilles Tendon Reflex Test American Thoracic Society ; anti-tetanic serum; anti-thymocyte serum ; anxiety tension state arginine tolerance test

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

attention ad tertium vicem (for three doses ; three times) atomic weight anal transition zone; atypical transformation zone auris uterque (each ear) aures unitas (both ears together) aut (or) aurum (gold) Angstrom unit Angstrom unit antitoxin units; arbitrary units; aza-uridine American Urological Association Australian antigen Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation area under the curve auditiorius (auditory) August acute ulcerative gingivitis; August Australian hepatitis-associated antigen acute undifferentiated leukemia amyloid of unknown origin ad usum proprium (according to proper use) auris (ear); aurum (gold) auricular fibrillation auscultation Australian Serum Hepatitis aut (or) automobile average ; avoirdupois arterio-venous ; atrio-ventricular Adriamycin, Vincristine ; alveolar duct; anterior ventral ; ant-virin ; aortic valve; Arginine, Vasopressin; arterio-venous; artificial ventilation ; atrio-ventricular; auricular ventricular node; average AVB atrio-ventricular block; atrio-ventricular bundle AV block atrio-ventricular block AVC allantoin vaginal cream ; associative visual cortex; atrio-ventricular canal ; atrio-ventricularis communis AVCD atrio-ventricular cushion defect AVCS atrio-ventricular conduction system AVD aortic valve disease ; arterio-venous difference arterio-venous AVDO2 oxygen difference AVE aortic valve electrocardiogram ATTN a.t.v. at . wt. ATZ a.u. a.u. au. Au A.U A.U A.U. AUA AuAg AuBMT AUC AUD Aug. AUG AuHAA AUL AUO a.u.p. aur. aur . fib . ausc. AuSH aut auto. Av AN AV

27

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS AVECG

AVF AVH AVHB AVI AVM

AVMA AVN AVO

AVp

AVP

AVR AVRP AVS AVSD AVT AW A/W A&W AW awa AWD

AWF AWI AWMI AWP AWRS

ax. axo .

AYF

AYP Az Aza AZBQ Azg AZT

aortic valve electro-cardio-gram anti-viral factor; arterio-venous fistula acute viral hepatitis atrio-ventricular heart block acute viral index atrio-ventricular malformation; arterio-venous malfunction American Veterinary Medical Association atrio-ventricular node; avascular necrosis atrio-ventricular opening (of the valves) Arginine, Vasopressin Actinomycin D, Vincristine, Platinol ; anti-viral protein aortic valve replacement atrio-ventricular refractory period arterio-venous shunt atrio-ventricular septal defect Allen Vision Test; Area Ventralis of Tsai; arginine vaso-tocin atrio-ventricular valves in accordance with alive and well above waist; air-way ; air-ways; anterior wall; atomic weight as well as alive with disease adrenal weight factor anterior wall infarction anterior wall myocardial infarction air-way pressure anti-whole rabbit serum axial; axilla ; axillary; axis axometer; axonotmesis anti-yeast factor autolyzed yeast protein Azote (nitrogen) Azathioprine Aziridinyl-benzo-quinone Azaguanine Aschheim-Zondek Test; azido-thymidine

(3GP (3HBA RHCG RHS (3LG (32MG ROBA RPL (3TMG ByG ©

b.

BN/

B

Ba B.A . B>A BA Bab. BAC BACOD BACON BACOP

beta-glycero-phosphatase beta-hydroxy-butyric acid beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (hormone) ; pregnancy test (using blood sample) beta-hemolytic streptococcus beta -lactoglobulin beta-two-micro-globulin beta-oxy-butyric acid beta -propio-lactone beta-2-micro-globulin bovine gamma globulin both balneum (bath) ; base; bis (twice) billing information posted baby ; bacillus ; bad; bag; balantidium; barometric ; base ; bath ; behavior ; bell ; Bible; big; bicuspid ; black; Bleomycin; blind; blond; blood; blue ; body ; born ; boron; boy; brother; Brucella ; buccal ; magnetic induction; vitamin B Barium Artium Baccalaureus (Bachelor of Arts) bone greater than air back-ache; bacterial agglutination; betamethasone acetate; blocking antibody; bone age ; bovine albumin; brachial artery; bronchial asthma Babinski bacterin ; blood alcohol concentration; bronchioloalveolar adeno-carcinoma ; bucco-axiocervical ; Bunsen absorption coefficient Bleomycin, Adriamycin, CCNU, Oncovin, Dexamethasone Bleomycin, Adriamycin, CCNU, Oncovin, Nitrogenmustard Bleomycin, Adriamycin, Cytoxan, Oncovin, Prednisone

29

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

BACT

bacteria ; Bacterium; BCNU, Ara-C, Cytoxan, 6-Thioguanine BAD biological aerosol detector (ecology); bipolar affective disorder (psychiatric) BaE Barium enema BAEE benzoyl-arginine ethyl ester; benzyl-arginine ethyl ester BAG bucco-axio-gingival bal. balneum (bath) ; balance BAL balance; blood alcohol level; British anti-lewisite; broncho-alveolar lavage ; dimercaprol BALB binaural alternate loudness balance (test) BALF broncho-alveolar lavage fluid Bal. fwd. balance forward (bookkeeping abbreviation) B-ALL B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia bal. sin. balneum sinapis (mustard bath) BALT bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue BaM Barium meal BAME benzoyl-arginine methyl ester BAMON Bleomycin, Adriamycin, Methotrexate, Oncovin, Nitrogen-mustard bands banded neutrophils BAO basal acid output BAO/PAO basal acid output / peak acid output (ratio) BAP blood agar plate BAPP Bleomycin, Adriamycin, Platinol, Prednisone BAPS biomechanical ankle platform system BART blood-activated recalcification time BAS British Anatomical Society BASDLB block in the antero-superior division of the left branch BASH body acceleration given synchronously with the heartbeat Bariumsulfate BaSO 4 basos basophils BAT brain adjacent to tumor ; brown adipose tissue BATF Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms; ATF Baudelocque's Method Baudel. M Bleomycin, Adriamycin, Velban, Imidazole, BAVIP Prednisone balloon aortic valvulo-plasty BAVP BB bed bath ; blanket bath; blood bank; blue bloaters ; both bones; breast biopsy ; buffer base BBA born before arrival blood-brain barrier; bundle branch block BBB bilateral bundle branch block BBBB 30

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

BBD BBL BBR BBSO BBSS BBT B&C BC BCA BCAA BCAF BCAP BCAVe BCB BCBR BCC BCD BCDF BCE B-cell BCF BCG BCGF BCHOP BCL B-CLL BCLS BUT BCM BCNS BCNU BCOP BCP BCS BCVA BCVP

benign breast disease bird-breeder's lung bundle branch reentry black braided silk out black braided silk suture basal body temperature bed and chair bactericidal concentration; birth control; blood culture; bone conduction ; Bowman's Capsule; bucco-cervical balloon catheter angioplasty branched-chain amino acid basophil chemotaxis augmentation factor balloon catheter angio-plasty Bleomycin, CCNU, Adriamycin, Velban brilliant cresyl blue bilateral carotid body resection basal cell carcinoma; birth control clinic binary coded decimal; Bleomycin, Cytoxan, Dactinomycin B-cell differentiation factor basal cell epithelioma B lymphocyte basophil chemotactic factor bacillus Calmette-Guerin (vaccine); ballisto-cardiogram ; ballisto-cardio-graph ; bi-color guaiac (test) ; brom-cresol green B-cell growth factor Bleomycin, Cytoxan, Hydroxydaunomycin, Oncovin, Prednisone basic cycle length B-cell chronic lymphatic leukemia Basic Cardiac Life Support blood clot lysis time birth control medication ; body cell mass basal cell nevus syndrome (naevus = birthmark) bacterially controlled nursing unit; bis-chloroethylnitroso-urea (carmustine) BCNU, Cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, Prednisone basic calcium phosphate; BCNU, Cytoxan, Prednisone ; birth control pills Battered Child Syndrome best corrected visual acuity BCNU, Cytoxan, Velban, Procarbazine 31

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

BCVPP b.d . BD BDA BDC BDCL BDG BD-M B-DOPA b.d .s . BDS B.D .Sc. BDU Be Be BE BEAM BE amp. BEC BEE bef. beg. BEI bene BEP beri . BES bet. BET BeV bf B/F BF BFC BFGF BFP BFR BFT 32

BCNU, Cytoxan, Velban, Procarbazine, Prednisone bis die (twice a day) base deficit; bile duct ; brain death; bucco-distal ; Bucky diaphragm Boston Diagnostic Aphasia; British Dental Association blue-dome cyst ; brain-damaged child; burn-dressing change basic drive-cycle length buffered deoxycholate glucose Byrd-Dew method Bleomycin, DTIC, Oncovin, Prednisone, Adriamycin bis die sumendum (to be taken twice a day) blue-diaper syndrome ; British Dental Society Bachelor of Dental Science bromo-deoxy-uridine Baume Beryllium bacillary emulsion ; bacterial endocarditis ; Barium enema; base excess ; below elbow; bovine enteritis BCNU, Etoposide, Ara-C, Melphalan; brain electrical activity map below elbow amputation bacterial endo-carditis; blood ethanol concentration basal energy expenditure before begin; beginning butanol-extractable iodine bene (well) Bleomycin, Etoposide, Platinol beriberi balanced electrolyte solution between benign epileptiform transients billion electron volts bouillon filtrate (tuberculin) balance forward (bookkeeping abbreviation); boundfree ratio; breast-feeding ; brought forward black female; blastogenic factor ; body fat; break-fast benign febrile convulsion basic fibroblast growth factor biologic false-positive (reaction) blood flow rate ; bone formation rate bentonite flocculation test

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

BFU-E BFVR B-G BG BGG BGL BGH B-glands BGP BGSA BGTT BHA BHAPs B-HBA BHC b-HCG B-HCG BHD BHDV BHI BHK B-HS BHT BH/VH bi Bi BI bib. bicarb . b.i .d . BID BIDS BIH BIHT bil. Bili Bili-C BIMA b.i .n .

burst-forming units - erythroid blood flow volume ratio Bordet-Gengou (bacillus) blood glucose; bone graft; bucco-gingival bovine gamma globulin Bernard's granular layer bovine growth hormone Bowman's glands beta-glycero-phosphatase blood granulocyte specific activity borderline glucose tolerance test butylated hydroxy-anisole bis-hetero-aryl piperazines beta -hydroxy-butyric acid benzene hexa-chloride beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (hormone); pregnancy test (using blood sample) beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (hormone); pregnancy test (using blood sample) BCNU, Hydroxyurea, DTIC BCNU, Hydroxyurea, DTIC, Vincristine brain-heart infusion baby hamster kidney beta-hemolytic streptococcus butylated hydroxy-toluene body hematocrit / venous hematocrit (ratio) biopsy; bisexual Bismuth bacteriological index; base in ; bowel impaction; brain injury ; burn index bibe (drink) bicarbonate bis in die (twice a day) brought in dead brittle hair, impaired intelligence, decreased fertility, short stature benign intracranial hypertension benign intracranial hyper-tension bilateral bilirubin conjugated bilirubin bilateral internal mammary arteries bis in nocte (twice a night) 33

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

BIO biol . BiP bis bis in 7d . BIVAD B&J BJ BJA BJM BJME BJP bk. Bk BK BKA BK-amp bkfst. BKV BKWP BL BLAD BLB mask BLB unit bl . cult . bld. BLDG BLE Bleo . Bleo-COMF BLG Blk Blm. BLN BLOB bl . pr. BLS BLT BLU BLV b.m . 34

biological ; biology biological ; biology an immunoglobulin binding protein bis (twice) bis in septum diebus (twice a week) centrifugal left and right ventricular assist device bone and joint Bence Jones; biceps jerks Bence Jones albumose bones, joints, muscles bone, joint, muscle examination Bence Jones protein book Berkelium; book below knee ; book below knee amputation below knee amputation breakfast BK virus below knee walking plaster base-line; black; bleeding ; block; blood; blood loss ; blue; bucco-labial ; bucco-lingual; Burkitt's lymphoma border-line left axis deviation Boothby-Lovelace-Bulbulian mask Bessey-Lowry-Brock unit blood culture blood building both lower extremities Bleomycin Bleomycin, CCNU, Oncovin, Methotrexate, Fluorouracil beta-lacto-globulin black ; block Bleomycin bronchial lymph nodes bladder obstruction blood pressure basic life support blood (clot) lysis time Bessey-Lowry units bovine leukemia virus balneum maris (sea-water bath)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS BM BMA BMD BME BMG B2MG BMI BMJ BMK BMOPP BMP BMR BMRTC BMS BMT BN BNC BNLI BNMSE BNO BNPA BNS B&O BO BOA BOAP BOBA BOC BOEA BOH bol . BOLD BOM BONP BOOP BOP BOPP b.p. B.P.

B

basal metabolism; black male; body mass ; bone marrow; bone mass; bowel movement; bucco-mesial British Medical Association bone marrow depression bio-medical engineering ; brief maximal effort benign monoclonal gammopathy beta-two-micro-globulin body mass index British Medical Journal birth-mark Bleomycin, Methyldiamine, Oncovin, Procarbazine, Prednisone Bleomycin, Methotrexate, Platinol ; bone marrow pressure; bone morphogenic protein basal metabolic rate bone metastasizing renal tumor of childhood Bachelor of Medical Science ; burning mouth syndrome bone marrow transplantation brachial neuritis bladder neck contracture British National Lymphoma Investigation Brief Neuropsychological Mental Status Examination bladder neck obstruction bi-nasal pharyngeal airway benign nephro-sclerosis belladonna and opium bladder obstruction ; body odor; bowel obstruction ; bucco-occlusal born on arrival; British Orthopaedic Association Bleomycin, Oncovin, Adriamycin, Prednisone beta-oxy-butyric acid t-but-oxy-carbonyl ethyl biscoumacetate (Pelentan ; Tromexan) bundle of His bolus (a large pill) Bleomycin, Oncovin, Lomustine, Dacarbazine bilateral otitis media Bleomycin, Oncovin, Natulan, Prednisolone bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia BCNU, Oncovin, Prednisone Bleomycin, Oncovin, Procarbazine, Prednisone boiling point ; base pair British Pharmacopeia (Pharmacopoeia) 35

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

BP BPA BPC BPD BPDLB BPF B.Ph . BPH BPHO BPHP BPHT Bpi BPIG BPL bpm BPP BPRS bps BPS BPSA BPV Bq Br. Br BR brady. brady/tachy BRAT BRBC BRC BrDU Brev. BRFS brk. BRM Broncho . BRP BRTN-L 36

back-pressure ; bed-pan ; benzy-pyrene; birth-place ; blood pressure ; broncho-pleural ; broncho-pulmonary ; bucco-pulpal ; by-pass breast, pubic, axillary hair; British Paediatric Association British Pharmaceutical Codex bi-parietal diameter ; broncho-pulmonary dysplasia block in the posterioinferior division of the left branch broncho-pulmonary fistula British Pharmacopeia (Pharmacopoeia) benign prostatic hyperplasia; benign prostatic hypertrophy Business-Physician-Hospital Organization benign prostatic hyper-plasia benign prostatic hyper-trophy bytes per inch bacterial polysaccharide immune globulin beta-propio-1actone beats per minute benzyl-penicillin potassium brief psychiatric rating scale beats per second beats per second ; benzyl-penicillin sodium; bilateral partial salpingectomy; breaths per second; bytes per second broncho-pulmonary segmental artery bovine papilloma virus ; benign positional vertigo Becquerel (cell) Brucella branch ; brass ; British ; bright; Bromine; brother ; brown bath-room; bed-rest; bed-room ; bili-rubin; bladder reconstruction; body reaction; brain ; British; by report bradycardia bradycardia / tachycardia (ratio) Baylor Rapid Autologous Transfusion bovine red blood cells bladder re-construction bromo-deoxy-uridine sodium brevital behavior risk factor surveillance system break biological response modifier; biuret reactive material bronchoscopy bath-room privileges; bili-rubin production Burton's line

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

B.S. BS BSA BSAEP BSAER BSAP BSB B.Sc. BSE BSER BSF BSF-1 BSF-2 BSF-pl B&S glands BSI BSL BSN BSO BSOM BSP BS-par BSR BSS BS-syn BST BSTFA BSU BSUG BT BTB BTE BTL BTLS BTMG BTPS BTS

Bachelor of Science; Bachelor of Surgery; Baccalaureus Scientiae (Bachelor of Science) before sleep; blood sugar; blood system ; body system; bowel sounds ; brain syndrome ; breath sounds bismuth-sulfite agar; bistrimethyl-silyl-acetamide ; body surface area ; bovine serum albumin brain stem auditory evoked potential brain stem auditory evoked response brief short action potential body surface burned Baccalaureus Scientiae (Bachelor of Science) bilateral symmetrical and equal; breast self-examination brain stem evoked response B-lymphocyte stimulating factor B-cell stimulatory factor 1 B-cell stimulatory factor 2 B-cell stimulatory factor pl Bartholin and Skene's glands bound serum iron bio-safety level; blood sugar level Bachelor Science in Nursing; bowel sounds normal bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy; buthionine sulf-oximine bilateral serious otitis media brom-sul-phalein test ; brom-sulfon-phthalein test Brown-Sequard's paralysis basal skin resistance balanced salt solution ; black silk suture ; buffered saline solution Brown-Sequard's syndrome bismuth sodium triglycollamate; Bistrimate bistrimethyl-silyl-tri-fluoro-acetamide British Standard Units Bartholin, Skene, urethral glands balloon tamponade; bed-time; bladder tumor; bleeding time; brain tumor break-through bleeding behind the ear; behind the eye bilateral tubal ligation basic trauma life support beta-2-micro-globulin body temperature and pressure, saturated with water vapor Benedict's test for sugar 37

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

Btu BTU bu. BU bull. BUN BURD BURK-L but . BUT BV BVA BVAD BVAP BVAPP BVDS BVCPP BVCPPB BVH BVI B virus. BVM BVPP BVR BVV BW BWD BWS bx Bx bxs bys . bz Bza BzH bzl BzOH

British Thermal Unit British Thermal Unit butyl Bodansky unit; burn unit bulliat (let it boil) blood urea nitrogen 5-bromodeoxy-uridine Burkitt's lymphoma butyrum (butter) break-up time ; Butisol (butabarbital) ; Butyn (butacine) balneum vaporis (vapor bath); biological value; biventricular blood vessel; blood volume best (corrected) visual acuity bi-ventricular assist device BCNU, Vincristine, Adriamycin, Prednisone BCNU, Velban, Cytoxan, Procarbazine, Prednisone Bleomycin, Velban, Doxorubicin, Streptozocin; Bleomycin, Vincristine, Doxorubicin, Streptozocin BCNU, Velban, Cytoxan, Procarbazine, Prednisone BCNU, Velban, Cytoxan, Procarbazine, Prednisone, Bleomycin bi-ventricular hypertrophy blood vessel invasion herpes-virus simiae broncho-vesicular markings BCNU, Oncovin, Procarbazine, Prednisone Bureau of Vocational Rehabilitation bovine vaginitis virus body water; body weight ; boiling water; brainwashing; brain wave bacillary white diarrhea (pullorum disease) Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome box biopsy boxes bysma; byssinosis ; byssocausis ; byssus benzoyl benzimidazole; benzymidazolyl benzaldehyde benzyl benzene-carboxylic acid

cum (with) confidential ; copyright calorie; centum (hundred) ; cibus (food) ; circum (around); congius (gallon) ; speed of light calm; cancel ; cancelled; candle ; capacitance; capacitor; capacity ; carbon ; case; cathode; Caucasian; cell ; Celsius; center ; centigrade; centimeter; certified; certify; cervical ; chest; Chlorambucil ; Cisplatin; clear; clearance; clock; clone; clonus ; Clostridium; closure; clubbing; cocaine; color; complement ; complete ; compliance ; compound ; contact; contraction; cough; coulomb; count; Cryptococcus ; Curie; cyanosis ; cycle; Cyclophosphamide ; cylinder ; cysteine; cytidine; cytosine ; Cytoxan; kilo-calorie ; vitamin C caesarean section (cesarean section) second cranial nerve radio-active carbon albumin clearance amylase clearance creatinine clearance insulin clearance para-amino-hippurate clearance correction factor for temperature urea clearance first cervical vertebrae second cervical vertebrae cash on account (bookkeeping abbreviation) circa (about) calcium; cancer; carcinoma calcium ion Clinitest and acetone cancer ; carbonic anyhydrase; carcinoma; cardiac apnea; cardiac arrest ; carotid artery; celiac artery ; chronological age; cold agglutinin; common antigen; coronary artery; corpora amylacea ; croup-associated ; Cytoxan, Adriamycin 39

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

CAAT CAB CABBS CABG CABOP CABPS CABS CAC CACC Ca l2 CACMS CaCO 3 CaC204 CAD CAE CAEV CAF CaF2 CAFA CAFP CAFT CAFVP CAG CAH CAHEA CAHD CARP (Ca)i CAI C-AJCC cal. Cal. calc. CALD

computer-assisted axial tomography coronary artery bypass California Bulletin Board System coronary artery bypass graft Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Oncovin, Prednisone coronary artery by-pass surgery CCNU, Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Streptozotocin ; coronary artery bypass surgery cardio-acceleratory center cathodal closure contraction calcium-chloride Committee on Accreditation of Canadian Medical Schools calcium-carbonate calcium-oxalate computer-aided design ; computer-assisted diagnosis; coronary artery disease; Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Dacarbazine cellulose acetate electrophoresis caprine arthritis encephalitis virus Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, Fluorouracil calcium-fluoride carotid audio-frequency analysis California Academy of Family Physicians; Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Fluorouracil, Prednisone Cisplatin, Adriamycin, Fluorouracil, Teniposide ; Clinitron air-fluidized therapy Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Fluorouracil, Vincristine, Prednisone chronic atrophic gastritis chronic active hepatitis; congenital adrenal hyperplasia Committee on Allied Health Education and Accreditation coronary atherosclerotic heart disease congenital adrenal hyperplasia calcium intercellular computer-assisted instruction Clinical-American Joint Committee on Cancer calender ; caliber; calorie (small) calender ; caliber ; calorie (large) calculate; calculation chronic active liver disease

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

calef. CALGB CALL CALLA CALPAC CAM CAMB CAMEO CAMF CAML CAMEO camp . CAMP CAMP CAMV CaO CAO Ca(OH)2 cap. CAP

CAPBOP CAPD CAPH CAPR CAR Carb. CARD CARE CAS

Galefac (make warm); cale factus (warmed) cancer and acute leukemia group B common acute lymphocytic leukemia common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen; common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen California Medical Political Action Committee cell adhesion molecule ; chorio-allantoic membrane ; computer-aided manufacturing; contralateral axillary metastasis; Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Methotrexate Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, Methotrexate, Bleomycin Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Methotrexate, Etoposide, Oncovin Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Methotrexate, Folinic acid Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Methotrexate, Leucovorin Cytosine, Arabinoside, Methotrexate, Leucovorin, Oncovin campimeter; campimetry cyclic 3'5'-adenosine mono-phosphate Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Methotrexate, Procarbazine congenital anomaly of mitral valve calcium-oxide chronic airway obstruction; Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Oncovin calcium-hydroxide capacitor; capiat (let him take); capillus ; capsula (capsule) Capastat; capital; capsule; captain; cardiac action potential; catabolite (gene) activator protein; cellulose acetate phthalate; cystine amino-peptidase; Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Platinol ; Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Prednisone Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Procarbazine, Bleomycin, Oncovin, Prednisone chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis ; continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis California Association of Public Hospitals combined abdomino-perineal resection Canadian Association of Radiologists carbohydrate cardiac automatic resuscitative device Center for AIDS Research and Education; Cooperative for American Relief to Everywhere carotid artery stenosis; cartridge aspirating syringe; Chemical Abstracts Service

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

CASH CaSO 4 CAST cat. CAT

cath. cathd. CATH lab. CAT scan CATSD CATT scan CATV Cauc. CAUSE CAV CAVB CAVe CAVH CAVHF CAVP CAVUF CAWO Cb C.B. CB CB-3025 CBA CBBB CBC CBCC CBD CBE CBF CBG CBP CBPP 42

cruciform anterior spinal plate calcium-sulfate Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial catalog (catalogue) ; catalyst; cataplasma (a poultice) California Association of Toxicologists; Children Apperception Test; chloramphenicol acetyl transferase; Chlormerodrin Accumulation Test; computer-assisted tomography; computerized axial tomography catharticus (cathartic) ; catheter; catheterization; catheterize catheterized catheterization laboratory computed axial tomography scan cat scratch disease computed axial transverse tomography scan community antenna television Caucasian California Association of Uniform Safety Employees congenital absence of vagina ; congenital adrenal virilism; Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, Vincristine complete atrio-ventricular block Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, Velban continuous arterio-venous hemofiltration continuous arterio-venous hemo-filtration Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Vincristine, Prednisone continuous arterio-venous ultra-filtration closing abductory wedge osteotomy Columbium (Niobium) Chirurgiae Baccalaureus (Bachelor of Surgery) cervico-buccal ; chocolate blood; chronic bronchitis Melphalan chronic bronchitis (with) asthma complete bundle branch block complete bloodcell count complete blood-cell count closed bladder drainage; common bile duct Cytoxan, BCNU, Etoposide cerebral blood flow; coronary blood flow capillary blood gas; coronary bypass graft; corticosteroid-binding globulin ; cortisol-binding globulin Campylo-bacter pylori ; chronic back pain contagious bovine pleuro-pneumonia

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

chronic benign pain syndrome complete bed rest capillary blood sugar; chronic brain syndrome CBS CBV CCNU, Bleomycin, Velban ; central blood volume ; cerebral blood volume ; circulating blood volume ; corrected blood volume CBVD CCNU, Bleomycin, Velban, Dexamethasone CBVP catheter balloon valvulo-plasty CBW chemical and biological warfare cc cubic centimeter (cubic centimetre) CC cardiac cycle; Caucasian child; cervical cyst; chief complaint; circulatory collapse ; close call ; close-captioned; closed-chain ; closed-circuit; closing capacity; colony count; common cold ; congenital cyst ; contaminated culture; coraco-clavicular ; cord compression; corpus callosum ; costo-chondral; counter clockwise; creatinine clearance; critical care; critical case ; critical condition; critical count CCA chick cell agglutination ; chimpanzee coryza agent; circumflex coronary artery ; common carotid artery ; congenital contractual arachnodactyly CCAT conglutinating complement absorption test CC&C colony count and culture CCC cathodal closure clonus ; cathodal closure contraction; chronic calculus cholecystitis CCCI cathodal closure clonus CCCR closed-chest cardiac resuscitation CCDPHP Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion CCE clubbing, cyanosis, edema CCF cephalin cholesterol flocculation ; congestive cardiac failure; crystal-induced chemotactic factor CCG Children's Cancer Group CCHD cyanotic congenital heart disease CCHS congenital central hypoventillation syndrome CCHVS congenital central hypo-ventillation syndrome CCI chronic coronary insufficiency CCK chole-cysto-kinin CCI4 carbon tetra-chloride CCM critical care medicine ; Cytoxan, CCNU, Methotrexate CCMS clean catch mid-stream CCMSU clean catch mid-stream urine CBPS CBR

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

CCNU CCP CCPR CCRN CCS CCSG CCT CCTG CCTV CCU CCUP CCV CCVPP CCW c.d. Cd C&D CD

CD4 CDA CDAP C&DB CDC CDC-AIDS CDDP CDGP CDH CDHS CDL cDNA CDP CDR 44

cyclonexyl-chloroethyl-nitroso-urea (Lomustine) cilio-cyto-phthoria cerebral cortex perfusion rate Critical Care Registered Nurse California Children Services; Canadian Cardiovascular Society ; Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome Children's Cancer Study Group cathodal closure tetanus ; computed cranial tomography computed cranial tomo-graphy closed-circuit television coronary care unit; critical care unit; cardiac care unit coloo-cysto-urethro-pexy CCNU, Cytoxan, Vincristine ; conductivity cell volume CCNU, Cytoxan, Velban, Procarbazine, Prednisone counter clock-wise conjugata diagonalis (diagonal conjugate) Cadmium cystoscopy and dilatation cadaver donor; caesarean delivered ; caesarean delivery; carbonate dehydratase ; cardiac disease; cardiac dullness; Christmas disease ; circular dischroism; cluster designation; color deficient ; common duct; compact disc (disk) ; conduction defect; convulsive disorder; curative dose; cystic duct T-helper lymphocyte cheno-deoxycholic acid; chloro-deoxy-adenosine; congenital dysery-thropietic anemia continuous distending airway pressure cough and deep breath calculated date of confinement; California Department of Corrections ; Center for Disease Control and Prevention Center for Disease Control for AIDS diagnosis cis-diamine-dichloro-platinum constitutional delay of growth and puberty congenital diaphragm of hernia; congenital dislocation of hip ; congenital dysplasia of hip California Department of Health Services chloro-deoxy-lincomycin complementary deoxyribo-nucleic acid; copy DNA continuous distending (airway) pressure ; cytidine di-phosphate computed digital radiography; cup disk ratio

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

CD-ROM c.d.s. Ce CE CEA CEB CEEV CEF CEJA CEM CEN CEO CEP ceph. cer. CER CES CESD CETP CEU CEV CEVD cf . Cf CF

CFA c.f.f. CFIDS cfm CFM CFMG CFP CFPT

compact disc (disk) read-only memory cul-de-sac (French : a blind, pouch or sac, as the cecum) Cerium California encephalitis ; cardiac enlargement ; chick embryo; Continuing Education carcino-embryonic antigen ; carotid end-arterectomy ; cin-embryonic antigen ; crystalline egg albumin Carboplatin, Etoposide, Bleomycin Central European Encephalitis Virus chick embryo fibroblast Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs CCNU, Etoposide, Methotrexate Certified Emergency Nurse chief executive officer CCNU, Etoposide, Prednimustine ; congenital erythropoietic porphyria cephalic ceramide ; certified ; certify ; ceruloplasmin conditioned emotional response ; conditioned escape response central excitatory state cholesteryl ester storage disease cholesteryl ester transfer protein Continuing Education Unit Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide, Vincristine CCNU, Etoposide, Vindesine, Dexamethasone confer (compare) Californium cancer-free ; carbol-fuchsin ; cardiac failure ; carried forward; centrifugal force; chest and face; ChiariFrommel ; Christmas factor ; citrovorum factor ; complement fixation; complement fixing; contractile force; count fingers; cystic fibrosis complement-fixing antibody; complete Freund's adjuvant critical fusion frequency chronic fatigue and immune dysfunction syndrome cubic feet per minute cerebral function monitor Commission on Foreign Medical Graduates chronic false-positive; cystic fibrosis of the pancreas; Cytoxan, Fluorouracil, Prednisone Cytoxan, Fluorouracil, Prednisone, Tamoxifen

45

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

CFR cfs CFS CFT CFU CFU-C CFU-E CFU-EOS CFU-F CFU-GEMM

Code of Federal Regulations cubic feet per second chronic fatigue syndrome complement fixation test colony-forming unit colony-forming unit - culture colony-forming unit - erythroid colony-forming unit - eosinophil colony-forming unit - fibroblast colony-forming unit - granulocyte, erythrocyte, monocyte, megakaryocyte; colony-forming unit granulocyte, erythrocyte, monocyte, megalokaryocyte CFU-GM colony-forming unit - granulocyte macrophage CFU-L colony-forming unit - lymphoid CFU-M colony-forming unit - megakarocyte CFU-NM colony-forming unit - neutrophil monocyte CFU-S colony-forming unit - spleen CFWM cancer-free white mouse CG Cardio-green (Indocyanine green = a diagnostic acid) chorionic gonadotropin ; chronic glomerulonephritis ; colloidal gold CGb chorionic gonadotropin - beta CG-B chorionic gonadotropin - beta CGD chronic granulomatous disease correction (with) glasses c.gl . chronic granulocytic leukemia; correction (with) glasses CGL centi-gram cgm cyclic 3'5'-guanyl mono-phosphate cGMP chronic glomerulo-nephritis CGN Canadian Gerontological Nursing Association CGNA cerebral glucose / oxygen quotient (ratio) CG/OQ choline glycero-phosphatide ; circulating granulocyte CGP pool cat-gut suture ; centimeter-gram-second CGS chorionic gonado-tropin CGT CGTT cortisol glucose tolerance test chain; chaplain; chapter; chief; child; children; church ch. Christ-church chromosome Ch' CH chest; cholesterol; chloral hydrate; Christian; crownheel (length of fetus) CH4 marsh gas; methane acetylene C 2H2 46

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS C2H4 C6H6

CHA CHAC CHAD CHAMOA CHAMPUS CHAP chart. Ch .B . CHB Ch .D . CHD CHDP CHDTP ChE chem . CHF CHFP CHH CHI ChINA CHL CHLOR-M ChlVPP Ch .M CHMD CHN CHO CHOB chol . CHOO CHOP CHOPB

ethylene benzene congenital hypoplastic anemia ; cyclo-hexyl-amine Cytoxan, Hexamethylmelamine, Adriamycin, Carboplatin Cytoxan, Hexamethylmelamine, Adriamycin, DDP Cytoxan, Hydroxyurea, Actinomycin D, Methotrexate, Oncovin, Adriamycin Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services Cytoxan, Hexamethylmelamine, Adriamycin, Platinol charta (paper) Chirurgiae Baccalaureus (Bachelor of Surgery) complete heart block Chirurgiae Doctor (Doctor of Surgery) child-hood disease; child; children ; chronic heart disease; congenital heart disease; congenital hip dysplasia; congestive heart disease; coronary heart disease Child Health and Disability Prevention Child Health and Disability Treatment Program cholin-esterase chemical; chemistry ; chemo-therapy congestive heart failure Cytoxan, Hexamethylmelamine, Fluorouracil, Platinol cartilage-hair hypoplasia closed-head injury chronic infectious neuropathic agent; chronic infectious neurotropic agent Chlorambucil; Chloramphenicol ; crown-heel length chlorpheniramine maleate (anti-histamine) Chlorambucil, Vinblastine, Procarbazine, Prednisone Chirurgiae Magister (Master of Surgery) clinical hyaline membrane disease central hemorrhagic disease Chinese hamster ovary ; Cytoxan, Hydroxydaunomycin, Oncovin Cytoxan, Hydroxydaunomycin, Oncovin, Bleomycin cholesterol chronic hepatic outflow obstruction Cytoxan, Hydroxydaunomycin, Oncovin, Prednisone Cytoxan, Hydroxydaunomycin, Oncovin, Prednisone, Bleomycin

47

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

CHO-XRT CHP

CHPA

CHPAs CHPX

Chr.

CHR CHRF CHS

Ci CI

CIA cib.

CIC CICF

CICU CID

CIDP CIDS

CIEP CIF

CIG CIN CIND

cir. circ. circurn. CIS c.i.s.a.

CISCA

cito disp . CIVD

CIXU CIXUG 48

Cytoxan, Hydroxydaunomycin, Oncovin - radiation therapy chloral hydrate poisoning; Community Health Plan Community Health Purchasing Alliance Community Health Purchasing Alliances chicken-pox Christian; chronic Christian ; chronic hypercapnic respiratory (failure) chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure contact hyper-sensitivity; Chediak-Higashi syndrome Curie cardiac index; cardiac insufficiency; cephalic index; cerebral infarction ; chemotherapeutic index ; colloidal iron; color index; confidence interval ; coronary insuf ficiency ; crystalline insulin CCNU, Isophosphamide, Adriamycin cibus (food) cardio-inhibitory center ; carpal instability complex; circulating immune complexes crystal-induced chemotactic factor cardiac intensive care unit ; coronary intensive care unit carpal instability dissociative ; cytomegalic inclusion disease chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy cellular immuno-deficiency syndrome counter immuno-electro-phoresis Claims Inquiry Form ; clone-inhibiting factor cigarette; cigarettes; cytoplasmic immuno-globulin cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; chronic interstitial nephritis carpal instability non-dissociative circle ; circular ; circumcision circle ; circular ; circumcision circumcision ; circumference Cancer Information Service; carcinoma in-situ; central inhibitory state; Cisplatin (Platinol) coque in su fficiente aqua (boil in sufficient water) Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin cito dispensetur (let it be dispensed quickly) cold-induced vaso-dilation constant infusion excretory urogram constant infusion excretory uro-gram

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

Creutzfeld-Jakob disease check; creatine kinase centi-liter (centi-litre) clear; clearance; close ; cloudy ; corpus luteum Cl cervico-lingual ; chloride ; chlorine ; class; Clostridium chloride Clion CLss total systematic clearance CLAS cholesterol-lowering atherosclerosis study; congenital localized absence of skin CLBBB complete left bundle branch block CL&CP cleft lip and cleft palate CLD chronic liver disease; chronic lung disease; cleared CLH chronic lobular hepatitis CLIA Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments CLILP corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide CLIP corticotropin-like intermediate (lobe) peptide chronic lymphatic leukemia ; chronic lymphoblastic CLL leukemia ; chronic lymphocytic leukemia CLLE columnar-lined lower esophagus CLMA Clinical Laboratory Management Association CLO cod liver oil CLPN Cancer Liaison Physician Network CLS chronic lymphadenopathy syndrome CLSH corpus luteum-stimulating hormone CLSL chronic lympho-sarcoma leukemia CLT Clinical Laboratory Technologist; clot-lysis time cras mane (tomorrow morning) C.M . cm centi-meter (centi-metre) cm2 square centimeter (square centimetre) cm3 cubic centimeter (cubic centimetre) cm centi-Morgan Cm Curium CM capreo-mycin; cardiac monitor; cow's milk; chloroquine-mepacrine ; clinical management; clinical modification ; cochlear micro-phonics; costal margin CMA California Medical Association; Canadian Medical Association; Certified Medical Assistant CJD

CK cl

CMAJ

CMC

CMD

Canadian Medical Association Journal

carpo-meta-carpal; carboxy-methyl-cellulose ; critical micelle concentration; Cytoxan, Methotrexate, CCNU cerebro-macular degeneration ; Current Medical Dialog (Dialogue) 49

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

CME CMF CMFP CMFT CMFVP CMG CMGN CMI CMID c/min CMJ CML cmm CMM CMML CMN CMN-AA CMO CMoL CMOPP CMOS CMP CMR CMRG CMRNG

Continuing Medical Education; Council on Medical Education; cystoid macular edema chondro-myxoid fibroma; Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, Fluorouracil Cytoxan, Methotrexate, Fluorouracil, Prednisone Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, Fluorouracil, Tamoxifen Cytoxan, Methotrexate, Fluorouracil, Vincristine, Prednisone cysto-metro-gram chronic membranous glomerulo-nephritis cell-mediated immunity; cyto-megalic inclusion cyto-megalic inclusion disease cycles per minute carpo-metacarpal joint cell-mediated lymphocytotoxicity ; cell-mediated lympholysis; chronic myelocytic leukemia ; chronic myelogenous leukemia cubic milli-meter (cubic milli-metre) cutaneous malignant melanoma chronic myelo-monocytic leukemia cystic medial necrosis cystic medial necrosis of the ascending aorta cardiac minute output chronic monoblastic leukemia ; chronic monocytic leukemia Cytoxan, Methydiamine, Oncovin, Procarbazine, Prednisone complementary metal oxide semiconductor capillary membrane pressure ; cardio-myo-pathy; CCNU, Procarbazine, Methotrexate; cytidine mono-phosphate cerebral metabolic rate ; crude mortality rate cerebral metabolic rate of glucose chromosomally mediated resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae

cerebral CMRO2 metabolic rate of oxygen CMRR common mode rejection rate C.M.S . cras mane sumendus (to be taken tomorrow morning) CMS circulation muscle sensation CMSP County Medical Services Program CMT Certified Medical Transcriptionist; circus movement tachycardia; combined modality therapy Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (peroneal muscular atrophy) CMTdisease 50

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

committee chlorophenyl-dimethyl-urea ; monuron Cisplatin, Methotrexate, Vinblastine; continuous mandatory ventilation; cyto-megalo-virus c.n. cras nocte (tomorrow night) CN cranial nerve; cya-nide ; cya-nogen CNA California Nurses' Association CNE chronic nervous exhaustion CNHD congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic disease CNL cardiolipin natural lecithin CNM Certified Nurse Midwife CNP continuous negative pressure c.n.s. cras nocte sumendus (to be taken tomorrow night) CNS central nervous system; culture and sensitivity CNV conative negative variation; contingent negative variation c/o care of; check out Co Cobalt CO carbon monoxide ; cardiac output ; castor oil; centric occlusion; Certified Orthotist; complaints of; corneal opacity CO2 carbon dioxide CoA coenzyme A COA Canadian Orthopaedic Association COAD chronic obstructive airway disease coag . coagulate; coagulation COAP Cytoxan, Oncovin, Ara-C, Prednisone COAPB Cytoxan, Oncovin, Ara-C, Prednisone, Bleomycin COATS Comprehensive Occupational Assessment and Training System COBMAM Cytoxan, Oncovin, Bleomycin, Methotrexate, Adriamycin, McCCNU COBRA Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act COBS caesarean-obtained barrier-sustained COBT chronic obstruction of biliary tract COC calcifying odontogenic cyst ; cathodal opening clonus ; cathodal opening contraction cochl. cochleare (a spoonful) cochl. amp. cochleare amplum (a heaping spoonful) cochl. mag. cochleare magnum (a tablespoonful) cochl. med. cochleare medium (a dessert spoonful) cochl. par. cochleare parvum (a teaspoonful) COCI cathodal opening clonus coct. coctio (boiling) cmte . CMU CMV

51

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

cod . COD coef. COEPS COGME COGTT COH CoHb Col.

colat. COLD colet. collut. collyr. color. COLTA com. COM COMAA COMB COMF COMLA COMLEC comp. COMP COMS COMT conc. concis . CONF config . cong . cons. cons cont. contd. contr. cont. rem. 52

codeine cause of death coefficient cortically originating extra pyramidal system Council on Graduate Medical Education cortisone-primed oral glucose tolerance test carbohydrate carboxy-hemoglobin cola (strain); collect; collected; collection; college; collegiate ; column colatus (strained) chronic obstructive lung disease coletur (let it be strained) collutorium (mouthwash) collyrium (an eyewash) coloretur (let it be colored) Colwell-Tamplin commisce (mix together) Cytoxan, Oncovin, Methotrexate Cytoxan, Oncovin, Methotrexate, Adriamycin, Ara-C Cytoxan, Oncovin, Methotrexate, Bleomycin Cytoxan, Oncovin, Methotrexate, Fluorouracil Cytoxan, Oncovin, Methotrexate, Leucovorin, Ara-C Cytoxan, Oncovin, Methotrexate, Leucovorin, Etoposide, Cytarabine complete ; complicating ; complication ; composite ; composition; compositus (compound) ; comprehensive Cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, Methotrexate, Prednisone Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study catechol-o-methyl transferase concentrated; concentration; concise concisus (cut) conference ; confirmation configuration; configure congenital ; congestion ; congius (gallon); congress conserva (keep) ; constant; consult; consultation consult; consultation continuetur (continue; let it be continued) ; contusus (bruised) continued contraction; contrary cintinuetur remedia (let the medicines be continued)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

cop. COP

COPA COPAB COPAL COPB COPBAM COPC COPD COPE COPP coq. COQ

coq. in s.a. coq. s.a. cor. CORA CORD CORF cort. COs cot.

COT COTA COTH cp cP C&P UP CP

copper; copulatio (copulation; sexual intercourse) ; copy colloidal oncotic pressure ; colloidal osmotic pressure ; copodyskinesia ; copremesis; coprolagnia; coprolalia; coprolith; coprology; coprophagy ; coprophilia ; coproporphyrin ; coproza; copula; Cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, Prednisone Cytoxan, Oncovin, Prednisone, Adriamycin Cytoxan, Oncovin, Prednisone, Adriamycin, Bleomycin Cytoxan, Oncovin, Prednisone, Adriamycin, Lomustine Cytoxan, Oncovin, Prednisone, Bleomycin Cytoxan, Oncovin, Prednisone, Bleomycin, Adriamycin, Matulane cerebral and overall performance categories; community-oriented primary care chronic obstructive pulmonary disease chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema CCNU, Oncovin, Procarbazine, Prednisone ; Cytoxan, Oncovin, Procarbazine, Prednisone coque (boil) coenzyme Q coque in sufficiente aqua (boil in sufficient water) coque secundum artem (boil properly) coordinate ; corner ; coroner; correct; corrected; correspond; correspondence; corresponding conditioned orientation reflex audiometry chronic obstructive respiratory disease comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facility cortex (bark) Canadian Ophthalmological Society; cosine cotula (a measure) cathodal opening tetanus Certified Occupational Therapy Assistance Council of Teaching Hospitals centi-poise (CGS unit of viscosity) ; comparare (compare) centi-poise (CGS unit of viscosity) cystoscopy and pyelography cholestrol / phospholipid (ratio) candle power; capillary pressure ; carotid pressure ; cerebral palsy; Certified Prosthetist ; chemically pure; chest pain ; chloro-purine; chloroquine primaquine ; chronic pyelonephritis ; cleft palate; closing pressure ; copro-porphyrin ; cor pulmonale; creatine phosphokinase; Cyclophosphamide, Prednisone 53

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

CPA

CPAN CPAP

CPAT CPATS CPB

CPBA

CPC

CPCR CPCRA

cpd.

CPD CPDA CPDD

CPE CPEO CPG CPH CPI CPIP CPK Cpl.

C.P .M .

CPM

CPN CPNA

CPNP

CPOB

CPP CPPB

CPPD

CPPV CPR

C.P.S .

54

cardio-pulmonary arrest; carotid phon-angiography; cerebellar pontine angle; cerebello-pontine angle; chloro-phenyl-alanine ; costo-phrenic angle; cyclophosph-amide Certified Post Anesthesia Nurse continuous positive airway pressure cerebello-pontine angle tumor cerebello-pontine angle tumor syndrome cardio-pulmonary bypass ; competitive protein binding; Cytoxan, Platinol, BCNU competitive protein-binding assay central posterior curve ; cetyl-pyridinium chloride; chronic passive congestion; clinico-pathological conference cardio-pulmonary cerebral resuscitation Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS compound cephalo-pelvic disproportion ; citrate-phosphatedextrose ; continuous peritoneal dialysis citrate-phosphate-dextrose adenine calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease ; cis-platinum-diamine-dichloride chronic pulmonary emphysema ; clubbing and pitting edema ; cyto-pathic effect chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia capillary blood gas chronic persistent hepatitis coronary prognostic index chronic pulmonary insufficiency of prematurity creatine phospho-kinase complete cycles per minute; counts per minute CCNU, Procarbazine, Methotrexate ; central pontine myelinolysis ; continuous passive motion chronic pyelo-nephritis Certified Pediatric Nurses' Association Certified Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Cytoxan, Prednisone, Oncovin, Bleomycin capillary perfusion pressure; cerebral perfusion pressure continuous positive pressure breathing calcium pyro-phosphate dihydrate (disease) continuous positive pressure ventilation cardio-pulmonary resuscitation; crystal production rate cycles per second (Hertz)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

carbamoyl phosphate synthetase; cardio-pulmonary support; Center for Preventive Services; characters per second Comprehensive Perinatal Services Outreach Program CPSOP CPT chest physio-therapy; current procedural terminology central processing unit CPU CPX complete physical examination CPZ chlor-proma-zine CQ chloroquine-quinine ; circadian quotient c.r. continuetur remedium (let the medicine be continued) Cr chrome ; Chromium ; cream; creatinine ; credit (bookkeeping abbreviation) CR cardio-respiratory ; cathode ray; class rate ; cold recombinant; colon resection; complement receptor ; complete remission; complete response; conditioned reflex ; conditioned response ; creatinine ; critical reaction; crown-rump first CR1 cranial nerve CRA central retinal artery cranio . craniopharyngioma CRAG central retinal artery occlusion crast. crastinus (for tomorrow) CRBBB complete right bundle branch block CRBP cellular retinol binding protein CRC colo-rectal cancer CrCl creatinine clearance CRCS Canadian Red Cross Society CRD chronic renal disease; chronic respiratory disease CRE cumulative radiation effect creat. creatinine CReG cross-reactive group (of HLA antigens) CREN constant rate enteral nutrition CREST Calcinosis cutis, Raynaud's phenomenon, Esophageal dysmotility, Scleroderma, Telangiectasia CRF chronic renal failure; chronic respiratory failure; closed reduction fixation; corticotropin-releasing factor CRG chest roentgeno-gram CRGHA cross-reactive group of HLA antigens CRH corticotropin-releasing hormone CRIS controlled-release infusion system crit. critical ; hematocrit CRITOE Capitellum, Radial head, Internal condyle, Trochlea, Olecranon, External condyle CPS

55

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

CRL CRM cRNA CRNA CRO CROG CROP CROS CRP CRS CR/SR CRST CRT CRTT CRU CRV CRVO CRVS crypt . crys. cryst. c/s Cs C&S CS

c.s.a.

CSA

CSAA CSB C.S .C.

C-section CSF CSGBI CSH CSI 56

crown-rump length Certified Reference Materials; cross-reacting material chromosomal ribo-nucleic acid Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist cathode-ray oscillograph ; cathode-ray oscilloscope cathode-ray oscillo-graph Cytoxan, Rubidazone, Oncovin, Prednisone cathode-ray oscillo-scope C-reactive protein Chinese Restaurant Syndrome ; colon-rectal surgery coccyx resection / sacral resection Calcinosis cutis, Raynaud's phenomenon, Sclerodactyl, Telangiectasia cathode-ray tube ; Certified Respiratory Therapist; copper reduction test ; corrected ray tube ; court Certified Respiratory Therapy Technician Clinical Research Unit central retinal vein central retinal vein occlusion California Relative Value Studies cryptomenorrhea; cryptomenorrhoea ; cryptomnesia crystal; crystalline, crystallization crystal; crystalline, crystallization caesarean section; cycles per second (Hertz) Cesium culture and sensitivity; conjuctiva and sclera caesarean section; cardiovascular system ; cash on account (bookkeeping abbreviation); chondroitin sulfate; Clinical Specialist ; clinical stage; cockup splint; cold sore; conditioned stimulus ; coronary sinus; corpus striatum ; cyclo-serine cogue secundum artem (boil properly) canavanino-succinic acid; chondroitin sulfate A; colon-stimulating activity ; compressed spectral assay Child Study Association of America conserved sequence block coup sur coup (French: in small doses at short intervals) caesarean section; cesarean section cerebro-spinal fluid; colony-stimulating factor Cardiac Society of Great Britain and Ireland carotid sinus hypersensitivity ; chronic subdural hematoma ; cortical stromal hyperplasia Cesium iodide

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

CSM CSMI CSN CSNRT CSOM CSP C-spine CSR CSS cST CST csTNM CSU CT

CTA CTAB CTAT CTC CTCA CTCL ctc02 CTD CTEP CTG CTH CTL

cerebral spinal meningitis; chorionic somatomammotropin cardiogenic shock (following acute) myocardial infarction carotid sinus nerve corrected sinus node recovery time chronic suppurative otitis media Christian Science Practitioner cervical spine (films) Cheyne-Stokes respiration; cortisol secretion rate ; corrected sedimentation rate carotid sinus stimulation centi-stoke Central Standard Time; contraction stress test; convulsive shock therapy clinical surgical tumor, node, metastasis (evaluation) catheter specimen of urine calci-tonin; cardio-thoracic; carotid tracing; carpal tunnel ; cerebral thrombosis ; cervical traction ; chemotherapy; chlorothiazide ; circulation time; clotting time ; coagulation time; collecting time; collecting tubule ; collection time; computed tomography; computerized tomography ; connective tissue; contraction time ; Coomb's test; corneal transplant; coronary thrombosis ; corrected transposition; corrective therapy; counselling and testing; count; court; crest time; critical time ; Cyto-Technologist Canadian Tuberculosis Association; chromo-tropic acid ; clear to auscultation cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide (cetrimonium bromide) computed trans-axial tomography ; computerized transverse axial tomography chlor-tetra-cycline (Biomycin) California Tuberculosis Controllers Association cutaneous T-cell lymphoma concentration of total carbon dioxide carpal tunnel decompression; chest tube drainage; congenital thymic dysplasia Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program computed tomo-graphy; computerized tomo-graphy ceramide tri-hexoside cytotoxic Tlymphocyte 57

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

CTLP CTM-EEG CTP CTR CTRL CTS CTT CTX CTX-DOX CTX-P CTZ Cu CU CUC cuj. cuj . lib. culdos . cum. Cu0 CUSA CUU c .v.

CV CVA CVAT CVB CVC CVD CVF CVH CVHG CVI CVID C-virus CVM 58

cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursor computed tomographic mapping of electro-encephalogram cytidine tri-phosphate cardio-thoracic ratio; carpal tunnel release; center ; counter control carpal tunnel syndrome; computed tomography scan computed transaxial tomography Cytoxan Cytoxan, Doxorubicin Cytoxan, Platinol chemoreceptor trigger zone; Chloro-thia-zide cubic; Cuprum (copper) close-up chronic ulcerative colitis cujus (of which) cujus libet (of any you wish) culdoscope ; culdoscopy cumulative cupric-oxide Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator cross (end-to-end) uretero-ureterostomy cras vespere (tomorrow evening) ; curriculum vitae (course of life; resume) cardio-vascular; cell volume; central venous; cerebrovascular ; closing volume ; color vision ; cresyl violet cardio-vascular accident; cerebro-vascular accident ; costo-vertebral angle; Cytoxan, Vincristine, Adriamycin costo-vertebral angle tenderness CCNU, Vinblastine, Bleomycin; chorionic villus biopsy central venous catheter cardio-vascular disease; cerebro-vascular disease; collagen vascular disease; color vision deviant Cytoxan, Vincristine, Fluorouracil combined ventricular hypertrophy common variable hypogamma-globulinemia common variable immunodeficiency common variable immuno-deficiency Coxsackie virus Cytoxan, Vincristine, Methotrexate

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

c.v.o .

CVOD CVP CVPP CVR CVRD CVRI CVS CVT c/w CW C-wave CWDBF CWI CWP Cx CXR Cy CY CyAD cyath. cyath. vin. Cyc cyclic AMP cyclic GMP CYE cyl. cyl. lens cys. CYSTO CyVADIC CyVMAD CZ CZI

(obstetric conjugate diameter of pelvic inlet) cerebro-vascular obstructive disease central venous pressure ; Cytoxan, Vincristine, Prednisone CCNU, Velban, Procarbazine, Prednisone ; Cyclophosphamide, Velban, Procarbazine, Prednisone cardio-vascular renal; cerebro-vascular resistance cardio-vascular renal disease cardio-vascular resistance index cardio-vascular surgery; cardio-vascular system ; chorionic villus sampling ; clean voided specimen costo-vertebral tenderness compare with; consistent with chemical warfare; chest wall; clean water; clock-wise ; cold water continuous wave cell wall deficient bacterial forms cardiac work index coal-worker's pneumoconiosis cervix; convex ; cylindrical lens axis chest X-Ray Cytoxan; cyanogen calender year Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Dacarbazine cyathus (glassful) cyathus vinosus (glassful of wine) cycle; Cyclophosphamide cyclic adenosine mono-phosphate cyclic guanosine mono-phosphate charcoal yeast extract cylinder; clyndrical cylindrical lens cysteine ; cystine cystoscopy ; cystogram Cytoxan, Vincristine, Adriamycin, DimethylImidazole-Carboxamide Cytoxan, Vincristine, Methotrexate, Dacarbazine Central Zone Crystalline Zinc Insulin conjugata vera obstetrica

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delta-amino-levulinic acid per day da (give) ; delta; detur (let it be given) ; dexter (right); d. diem (24 hours) ; dies (day); dosis (dose) D dark ; date ; daughter ; Daunorubicin ; day; dead ; death; degree ; delete ; delta; density; derivative ; Deuterium; Deuteron ; Dexamethasone; dextro ; dextrose ; diagnosis; diameter ; died ; diet; dimension ; diopter; director ; distal ; distance ; diurnal ; dog; dorsal ; dose; dosis (dose) ; drowsy ; duration ; dwarf; vitamin D dextrose DS 5% in water diffusing DM capacity of the alveolar-capillary membrane (maximum dose) dose maximum Dmax 2D 2-dimension 3-dimension 3D D/A date of accident ; date of action ; date of arrival; did not apply; Digital-to-Analog conversion ; Digital-toAnalog converter; discharge with advice ; do not apply DA degenerative arthritis; delayed action; deoxy-adenosine ; developmental age; Dietetic Assistant; Digital-to-Analog (conversion) ; Digital-to-Analog (converter) ; direct access ; direct agglutination ; dis-aggregated ; Dop-amine (3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) ; ductus arteriosus DAB 4-dimethyl-aminoazo-benzene DAC Digital-to-Analog conversion ; Digital-to-Analog converter DACT Dactinomycin DADDS di-acetyl-diamino-diphenyl-sulfone DADP deoxy-adenosine-di-phosphate DAEC diffuse adhering Escherichia coli DAF decay-activating factor ; decay-accelerating factor DAG di-acyl-glycerol; disto-axio-gingival DAGT direct anti-globulin test DAH disordered action of heart DAI disto-axio-incisal DALA /d

61

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

D-ALA DAM DAMP DAO DAP DAPT d.a .s .f. DAT

DATP DAV db . DB DBA DBCL DBCP DBH DBI dbl. DBP DBS D&C D/C D.C . DC

DCA DCC DCCE DCCT DCDP DCF DCFM DCG D.C .H . DCH DCHFB 62

delta-amino-levulinic acid di-acetyl-monoxime deoxy-adenosine mono-phosphate di-amine oxidase Dapsone; dihydroxy-acetone phosphate Daptazole; direct agglutination pregnancy test donec alvus soluta fuerit (until bowels are opened) Daunomycin, Ara-C, Thioguanine; diet as tolerated; differential agglutination test ; Digital Audio Tape ; diphtheria anti-toxin; direct agglutination test ; direct anti-globulin test deoxy-adenosine tri-phosphate Dacarbazine, Doxorubicin, Vincristine deci-bel Dextran blue ; disto-buccal di-benz-anthracene dilute blood clot lysis (method) di-bromo-chloro-propane diameter at breast height development-at-birth index double diastolic blood pressure ; disto-bucco-pulpal Denis Browne Splint; despeciated bovine serum; diminished breath sounds dilatation and curettage direct count; discharge; discontinue ; discontinued direct (electrical) current; Doctor of Chiropractic day care ; dendritic cells; Dental Corps; deoxy-cholate; deoxy-cytidine ; dens caninus ; diarrhea, constipation ; diphenylarsine cyanide; discharge; dis-continue ; discontinued; disto-cervical ; double concave deoxycholate-citrate agar ; Department of Consumer Affairs; desoxy-corticosterone acetate Digital Compact Cassette Department of Cancer Control and Epidemiology Diabetic Control and Complications Trials deoxy-cytidine di-phosphate direct centrifugal flotation Doppler Color Flow Mapping disodium cromo-glycate Diploma in Child Health delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity di-chloro-hexa-fluoro-butane

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

DCHS DCI DCIS DCLS DCM DCMP DLCO DCOG DLCO-SB DCP DCS DCT DCTMA DCTP DCTPA DCV DCx d/d d.d . dd DD DDAVP DDC DDD DDDE DDH DDI d.d.i .d. DDMP DDP D.D .S . DDS D.D .Sc. DDT DDTC DDVP DDx De .

D

delayed cutaneous hyper-sensitivity di-chloro-isoproterenol ductal carcinoma in-situ deoxycholate-citrate-lactose-saccharose di-chloro-methotrexate ; dilated cardio-myopathy Daunorubicin, Cyclocytidine, Mercaptopurine, Prednisone ; deoxy-cytidine-mono-phosphate Carbon monoxide diffusing capacity of the lung Diploma of the College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Carbon monoxide diffusing capacity-single breath dibasic-calcium-phosphate dorsal column stimulator deep chest therapy; direct Coombs' test desoxy-corticosterone-tri-methyl-acetate deoxy-cytidine-tri-phosphate desoxy-corticosterone-tri-phenyl-acetate Dacarbazine, CCNU, Vincristine double convex dated; delivered detur ad (let it be given to) dated; delivered delivery date differential diagnosis; discharge diagnosis; dry dressing ; due date 1-desamino-8-d-arginine vasopressin (Desmopressin) di-deoxy-cytidine; diethyl- dithio-carbamate degenerative disc disease; dense deposit disease; dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethane dichloro-diphenyl-dichloro-ethylene dissociated double hypertropia di-deoxy-inosine de die in diem (from day to day) diamino-dichlorophenyl-methyl-pyrimidine diamine-dichloro-platinum (Cisplatin ; Platinol) Doctor of Dental Surgery 4,4-diamino-diphenyl-sulfone (Dapsone); dystrophydystocia syndrome Doctor of Dental Science dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (Dicophane) diethyl-di-thio-carbamate dimethyl-dichloro-vinyl phosphate (Dichlorvos) differential diagnosis December 63

D

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

D&E

dilatation and evacuation ; dilation and extraction (abortion) di-ethyl-amino-ethanol di-ethyl-barbituric acid debita spissitudine (of proper consistency) decanta (pour off) ; decrement decant; deceased ; December ; decrease deceased ; December ; dendritic epidermal cell decompensation ; decompose; decomposition; decompound ; decompress ; decompression decrement; decrease decubitus (lying down) diabetic eye disease depth electro-encephalo-gram charge deferred (bookkeeping abbreviation) defaecatio (defecation) ; defer; defile; defrost decayed, extracted, filled; defaction; deficiency defibrillate ; defibrillation degeneration ; degree ; depth electro-graphy deglutiatur (let it be swallowed) delivery (obstetric) Demerol demonstration depuratus (purified) department; departure dermis (skin) ; dermatology duck embryo rabies vaccine detur et signetur (let it be given and labelled) di-ethyl -stilbestro1 ; diffuse esophageal spasm destilla (distill); destillatus (distilled) detect ; detection; detergent; determine; detour ; detritus; detur (let it be given) detoxicate ; detoxication ; detoxify Dexamethasone Dexamethasone damage free ; dead fetus; deficiency factor ; dorsi-flexion direct fluorescent antibody di-fluoro-diphenyl-trichloroethane distal femoral epiphysis di-fluoro-methyl-ornithine daily fetal movement recording Deferoxamine

DEAE DEBA deb. spis . dec. Dec. DEC decomp . decr. decub . DED DEEG def def. DEF defib . DEG deglut . del. Dem. DEMO dep. DEPT derm . DERV d.e .s . DES destil . det. detox. Dex. DEXA DF DFA DFDT DFE DFMO DFMR DFO

64

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

DFP DFS DFU dg DG DGDP DGI DGMP DGTP DH DHA DHAD DHAP DHAS DHBV DHEA DHEAS DHF DHFR D.Hg. DHL DHMA DHPMG DHR DHS DHSR DHST DHT D.Hy. DI dia. diag . diarn. DIAR DIC d.i .d . DID DIDMOAD

diastolic filling pressure ; diisopropyl-fluoro-phosphate disease-free survival dead fetus in utero; dideoxy-fluoro-uridine deci-gram deoxy-glucose ; deoxy-guanosine ; diagnosis; diastolic gallop di-glyceride ; disto-gingival deoxy-guanosine di-phosphate disseminated gonococcal infection deoxy-guanosine mono-phosphate deoxy-guanosine tri-phosphate delayed hypersensitivity ; diaphragmatic hernia di-hydro-alanine ; di-hydroxy-acetone di-hydroxy-anthracene-dione di-hydroxy-acetone phosphate de-hydroepi-androsterone sulfate duck hepatitis B virus de-hydro-epi-androsterone de-hydro-epi-androsterone sulfate dengue hemorrhagic fever di-hydro-folate reductase Doctor of Hygiene diffuse histiocytic lymphoma di-hydroxy-mandelic acid di-hydroxy-propoxy-methyl guanine delayed hypersensitivity reaction delayed hyper-sensitivity delayed hyper-sensitivity reaction delayed hypersensitivity to skin testing di-hydro-tachysterol; di-hydro-testosterone Doctor of Hygiene diabetes insipidus; diagnostic imaging diameter diagnose ; diagnosis; diagnostic ; diagonal ; diagram diameter Dextran-induced anaphylactoid reaction diffuse intravascular coagulation; Dimethyl-ImidazoleCarboxyamide (Dacarbazine); disseminated intravascular clotting ; disseminated intravascular coagulation detur in duplo (let it be given twice) drug-induced diarrhea Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy, Deafness

65

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

dieb. alt . dieb. tert. DIEM DIFF dig . digit. dil . DILD DILE diluc. dilut. dim . DIM DIP d.i.p.a. DIPJ dir. dir. prop. disc. disch. DISH DISI disl. disp. dist. DIT div. DJD DK DKA DKB dl dL DL DLE DU DLO

66

diebus alternis (on alternate days) diebus tertiis (every third day) died in emergency room difference ; different ; differential digeratur (let it be digested) ; digitalis ; digitoxin ; digoxin digitus (digit ; finger) dilate (expand ; stretch) ; dilue (dilute) diffuse infiltrative lung disease drug-induced lupus erythematosus diluculo (at daybreak) dilutus (diluted) dimidius (one-half) divalent ion metabolism desquamative interstitial pneumonitis ; Dual In-line Package; distal inter-phalangeal divide in partes aequales (divide into equal parts) distal inter-phalangeal joint directione (directions) directione propria (with proper direction) discontinue ; discontinued discharge ; discharged diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis dorsiflexed intercalated segment instability dislocation dispense; disperse ; dispireme distilla (distill) ; distilled ; district diet-induced thermogenesis ; di-iodo-tyrosine divide (divide); division degenerative joint disease dark; diseased kidney diabetic keto-acidosis deep knee bends deci-liter (deci-litre) deci-liter (deci-litre) day-light; difference lumen ; diffusing capacity of lung; direct line; direct link; disto-lingual ; disto-labial; Donath-Landsteiner (test); Doxorubicin, Lomustine discoid lupus erythematosus ; disseminated lupus erythematosus disto-labio-incisal ; disto-linguo-incisal disto-linguo-occlusal

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

DLP DLR dm dM DM DMA DMAC DMARD DMCT D.M.D. DMD DME DMERC DMF DMFS DMHLL DMI DML DMM DMN DMO DMPA DMPP D.M.R.D. D.M.R.T. DMSA-RS DMSO DMT DMTT DN DNA DNAP DNase DNB DNBP DNC DNCB DND DNFB

disto-linguo-pulpal Detection Limit for Reporting Purposes deci-meter (deci-metre) deci-morgan diabetes mellitus ; diastolic murmur; digital machine; direct memory; distant metastasis; Dopamine; double minute di-methoxy-amphetamine ; Direct Memory Access disseminated mycobacterium avium complex disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug de-methyl-chlor-tetracycline Doctor of Dental Medicine Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy durable medical equipment durable medical equipment regional carrier decayed, missing, filled; di-methyl-formamide decayed, missing, filled surfaces diffuse mixed histiocytic-lymphocytic lymphoma diaphragmatic myocardial infarction diffuse mixed lymphoma des-methyl-misonidazole ; di-methyl-myleran di-methyl-nitrosamine Di-methadi-one depo-medroxy-progesterone acetate di-methyl-phenyl-piperazinium Diploma in Medical Radio-Diagnosis (British) Diploma in Medical Radio-Therapy (British) di-mercapto-succinic acid renal scan di-methyl sulf-oxide di-methyl-tryptamine di-methyl-thionotetrahydro-thiadiazine (Dazomet) Deci-nem ; dextrose to nitrogen ratio; dibucaine number deoxyribo-nucleic acid; did not answer ; did not apply; do not apply Dinosam deoxyribo-nucle-ase di-nitro-benzene Dinoseb di-nitro-carbanilide ; di-nitro-cresol di-nitro-chloro-benzene died - natural death di-nitro-fluoro-benzene

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

DNJ DNOC DNOCHP DNOSAP DNOSBP DNP DNPH DNPM DNR DINS DNS DNSAP DNSBP D.N .Sc. DNT DO D.O . DO DOA DOAP DOB DOC DOCA DOCs DOD DOE DOMA DON DOOR DOPA DOPAC DOS DOT Dox. DOW DOX-PT D.P.

68

deoxy-no-jirimycin di-nitro-o-cresol (Antinonin ; Dinitrol ; Ditrosol ; Sinox) Dinex Dinosam Dinoseb deoxyribo-nucleo-protein di-nitro-phenyl-hydrazine di-nitro-phenyl-morphine Dau-no-rubicin ; did not receive; do not resuscitate dextrose in normal saline Dansyl ; did not show ; dysplastic nervus syndrome Dinosam Dinoseb Doctor of Nursing Science did not test; do not test ; do not touch; do not turn oxygen delivery Doctor of Osteopathy ; doctor's orders diamine oxidase; disto-occlusal ; delivery of oxygen date of adjustment ; date of admission; date of arrival; dead on arrival Daunorubicin, Oncovin, Ara-C, Prednisone date of birth date of conception; died of other causes ; de-oxycholate ; doctor de-oxy-corticosterone acetate de-oxy-corticoids date of death; died of disease; drug over-dose; dodecylguanidine (Dodine) date of examination; dyspnea on exercise ; dyspnea on exertion dihydr-oxy-mandelic acid ; dimeth-oxy-methylamphetamine determination of need ; diazo-oxo-norleucine deafness, oncyhodystrophy, osteodystrophy, retardation dihydr-oxy-phenyl-alanine dihydr-oxy-phenyl-acetic acid disk operating system daily observed therapy Doxorubicin Doxorubicin Doxorubicin, Platinol Doctor of Pharmacy; Doctor of Podiatry

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

DP DPA DPC DPD DPDLL DPG .P D . .H DPL DPL ab DPL ." D.P.M. DPN DPP DPS DPT DPTI DPTV DPVNS Dr DR DRAs DRE DREZ DRF DRG Dr.PH . drs. DRS drsg. DRTA d.s. D/S DS DSA

data processing; data processor ; diastolic pressure ; direct pressure ; direct puncture; distal phalanx; disto-pulpal ; dorsalis pedis; dorsi-palmar di-propyl-acetate delayed primary closure ; distal palmar crease diffuse pulmonary disease diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma di-phospho-glycerate ; displacement placento-gram Department of Public Health ; Doctor of Public Health disto-pulpo-lingual; disto-pulpo-labial disto-pulpo-labial disto-pulpo-lingual Doctor of Podiatric Medicine diphospho-pyridine nucleotide dimethoxy-phenyl penicillin dimethyl-poly-siloxane ; Diversified Pharmaceutical Services Demerol, Phenergan, Thorazine ; Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus ; di-propyl-tryptamine diastolic pressure-time index Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus Vaccine diffuse pigmented villo-nodular synovitis debit (bookkeeping abbreviation) ; doctor ; door; drive ; driver deep reflex; deep reflexes; degeneration reaction ; delivery room; diabetic retinopathy ; diagnostic radiology ; doctor ; door; drive ; driver Dextra n-reactive antibodies digital rectal examination dorsal root entry zone dose-reduction factor diagnosis-related group Doctor of Public Health dressing disease-free survival dressing distal renal tubular acidosis debita spissitudine (of the proper consistency) dextrose in saline dehydro-epiandrosterone sulfate; dextrose-saline ; double strength ; double-stranded ; Down's syndrome digital subtraction angiography 69

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

DSAG DSAP DSAS D.Sc . D.S.C. DSD DSEC DSECG DSI DSM DSP DSPN DSR DST D-stix DSVP DT DTAFFB DTBC DTC d. t. d. DTDP 2D-TEEC DTF DTH DTHS DTI DTIC DTM DTN DTNBA DTP DTPA DTPV

70

digital subtraction angio-graphy disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis discrete sub-aortic stenosis Doctor of Science Doctor or Surgical Chiropody dry sterile dressing digital subtraction echo-cardiogram digital subtraction echo-cardio-gram digital subtraction imaging dextrose solution mixture ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Digital Signal Processing digital symmetric peripheral neuropathy dynamic (three-dimensional) spatial reconstructor Dexamethasone suppression test; donor specific transfusion Dextro-stix down-stream venous pressure day-time; delay time; delirium tremens ; deoxythymidine ; digital time; diphtheria toxoid ; diphtheria, tetanus ; double time ; duration tetany; dye test descending thoracic aorto-femoral femoral-bypass d-tubo-curarine (Curare ; tubo-curarine chloride) d-tubo-curarine (Curare ; tubo-curarine chloride) datur talis dosis (give a such a dose) ; dentur tales doses (give a such a dose) deoxy-thymidine di-phosphate 2-dimensional trans-esophageal echo-cardiography detector transfer function delayed-type hypersensitivity delayed-type hyper-sensitivity dipryridamole-thallium imaging Dimethyl-Triazeno-Imidazole-Carboxyamide (Dacarbazine) deoxy-thymidine monophosphate; dermatophyte test medium diphtheria toxin normal di-thiobis-nitro-benzoic acid Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis; distal tingling on percussion diethylene-triamine penta-acetic acid (pentetic acid) Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis Vaccine

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS DTR DTRs DTs DTS DTT DTZ DU DUB DUF DUI DUII DUIL DUL DUMP DUNHL duod . DUP DUR-1 DUR-2 dur. dol. DUSN DUTP D&V DV DVA DVD DVI DVIU .V D . .M DVM D.VM.S . DVP-Asp D.V .S . DVSA DVSAG DVT DVTSP D/W DW 5DW

deep tendon reflex ; dietetic technician registered deep tendon reflexes delirium tremens donor-specific transfusion diphtheria-tetanus-toxoid; di-thio-threitol Dia-tri-zoate deoxy-uridine; duodenal ulcer dysfunctional uterine bleeding Doppler Ultrasonic Flowmeter driving under influence driving under influence of intoxicants driving under influence of liquor diffuse undifferentiated lymphoma deoxy-uridine mono-phosphate diffuse undifferentiated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma duodenum decubitus ulcer potential; duplicate; duplication distal ureter resection - unilateral distal ureter resection - bilateral durante dolore (while pain lasts) diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis deoxy-uridine tri-phosphate diarrhea and vomiting double variations ; double vision ; dual valve distance visual acuity dissociated vertical deviation; dissociated vertical divergence digital vascular imaging direct vision internal urethrotomy Doctor of Veterinary Medicine digital volt-meter Doctor of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery Daunorubicin, Vincristine, Prednisone, Asparaginase Doctor of Veterinary Science; Doctor of Veterinary Surgery digital venous subtraction angiography digital venous subtraction angio-graphy deep vein thrombosis ; deep venous thrombosis deep venous thrombus scinti-photography dextrose in water; distilled water dead-weight; dextrose in water; distilled water 5 % dextrose in water

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

D5W DWD DWDLL DWI DX DXM DXRT dy. Dy DYSZ DZ

5% dextrose in water died without disease; diffuse well-differentiated diffuse well-differentiated lymphocytic leukemia driving while intoxicated Dextran; diagnosis; distance Dexamethasone deep X-Ray therapy delivery Dysprosium dyszooamylia ; dyszoospermia dizygotic; dizzy; dizziness; dozen

£ACA e

epsilon-amino-caproic acid electron ; natural logarithm base (e = 2.718281828459 .. .) e+ positron (positive charge) e electron (negative charge); the heavy chain of IgE E ear; east; edema; Einstein ; Einsteinium; electric charge ; electric ; electron ; emergency; emmetropia ; empty; end; energy ; Entamoeba ; enzyme ; epinephrine; error; Escbericbia ; esophoria; Etoposide; Europe ; European ; excellent; eye estrone El estradiol E2 estriol E3 estetrol E4 ea . each EA early antigen; erythrocyte antibody ; ethacrynic acid EAA excitatory amino acid EAb elective abortion EAB elective abortion EAC Ehrlich ascites carcinoma; erythrocyte-antibody complement; external auditory canal E-ACA epsilon-amino-caproic acid ead. eadem (same) EAEM experimental allergic encephalo-myelitis EAHF eczema, asthma, hay fever EAHLG equine anti-human lymphoblast globulin EAHLS equine anti-human lymphoblast serum EAM external auditory meatus EAN experimental allergic neuritis EAP Etoposide, Adriamycin, Platinol; epi-allo-pregnenolone EA-ST Emory Angioplasty versus Surgery Trial EB elementary body ; epidermolysis-bullosa; Epstein-Barr EBDA effective balloon-dilated area EBF erythro-blastosis fetalis

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

EBI EBL EBNA EBT EBV EBVB EC ECA E-CABG E-CAT ECBO ECBV ECC

ECCD ECCE ECD ECDO virus ECF ECF-A ECFV ECG ECHO ECHO-C ECI ECIB EC-IC ECIL ECLAM ECLT ECM ECMO ECMO virus ECoG ECOG E. coli

emetine-bismuth-iodide erythro-blastic leukemia ; estimated blood loss Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen external beam therapy Epstein-Barr virus Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-cells effective circulation; ejection click; enteric coated ; error corrected (bookkeeping abbreviation); Escherichia coli; extra-cellular etha-crynic acid; external carotid artery endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass graft emission computer-assisted tomography enteric cytopathogenic bovine orphan (virus) effective circulating blood volume edema, clubbing, cyanosis ; emergency cardiac care; emergency cardiac compression; endo-cervical curettage; external cardiac compression; extra-cellular compartment; extra-corporeal circulation endo-cardial cushion defect extra-capsular cataract extract endocardial cushion defect enteric cytopathogenic dog orphan virus effective capillary flow; eosinophil chemotactic factor ; extended care facility ; extra-cellular fluid eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis extra-cellular fluid volume electro-cardio-gram ; electro-cardio-graphy ; electrocortico-gram Enteric Cytopathogenic Human Orphan (virus) echo-cardiogram; echo-cardiography electro-cerebral inactivity extra-corporeal irradiation of blood extra-cranial - intra-cranial extra-corporeal irradiation of lymph endothelial cell leukocyte adhesion molecule euglobulin clot lysis time erythema chronicum migrans; extra-cellular material extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation enteric cytopathogenic monkey orphan virus electro-cortico-gram ; electro-cortico-graphy Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Escherichia coli

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ECRB ECRL ECS ECSO virus ECSWL ECT ECU ECV ECW ED

ED so EDA EDB EDC EDD EDF EDL EDP EDQ EDR EDRF EDS EDTA EDV EDVI EDX EE EEA EEDC synd. EEE EEEP EEG EENT

extensor carpi radialis brevis extensor carpi radialis longus electro-cerebral silence; electro-convulsive shock; electronic claim submission; extra-cellular space enteric cytopathogenic swine orphan virus extra-corporeal shock-wave lithotripsy electro-convulsive therapy; emission computed tomography ; emission computerized tomography; euglobulin clot test extensor carpi ulnaris extra-cellular volume extra-cellular water ear disease ; effective dose ; Ehlers-Danlos (syndrome) ; Emergency Department ; end-diastolic ; epileptiform discharge ; erythema dose; extensive disease ; eye desease effective dose - 50% elbow dis-articulation ; ethyl ene-di-amine ethylene di-bromide ; extensor digitorum brevis estimated date of conception ; estimated date of confinement; expected date of conception ; expected date of confinement ; extensor digitorum communis estimated date of delivery; expected date of delivery eosinophil differentiation factor end-diastolic length; extensor digitorum longus end-diastolic pressure extensor digiti quinti effective direct radiation ; electro-dermal response endothelium-derived relaxing factor Ehlers-Danlos syndrome ; excessive daytime sleepiness ethylene-diamine-tetraacetic acid end-diastolic volume end-diastolic volume index electro-diagnosis equine encephalitis; eye and ear electro-encephalic audiometry; energy experience of activity ectrodactyl-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome Eastern equine encephalomyelitis (virus) end-expiratory esophageal pressure electro-encephalo-gram ; electro-encephalo-graphy eye, ear, nose, throat

75

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

EER EERP EES EF EFAs EFC EFE Eff. EFM EFV EFVC EFW e.g. EG EGA EGB EGC EGD EGF EGFR EGG EGJ EGL EGOT EGS EGTA EH EHB EHBD EHBF EHC EHD EHEC EHF EHL EHO EHT E/I

76

electro-encephalic response extended endocardial resection procedure erythromycin ethyl-succinate ectopic focus; ejection fraction; extended field essential fatty acids endogenous fecal calcium endocardial fibro-elastosis effective ; effervescent (tablet) electronic fetal monitoring extracellular fluid volume expiratory flow-volume curve estimated fetal weight exempli gratia (for example) esophago-gastrectomy; esophago-gastric estimated gestational age eosinophilic granuloma of bone early gastric cancer esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy epidermal growth factor epidermal growth factor receptor electro-gastro-gram esophago-gastric junction eosinophilic granuloma of lung erythrocyte glutamatic oxaloacetic transaminase electro-galvanic stimulation esophageal gastric tube airway enlarged heart; essential hypertension elevated head of bed extra-hepatic biliary duct estimated hepatic blood flow; exercise hyperemia blood flow entero-hepatic circulation ; essential hypercholesterolemia epizootic hemorrhagic disease entero-hemorrhagic Escherichia coli epidemic hemorrhagic fever; exophthalamus hyperthyroid factor effective half-life ; endogenous hyper-lipidemia ; extensor hallucis longus extra-hepatic obstruction essential hyper-tension expiration / inspiration (ratio)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

EI EIA EIAL EIAV EID EIEC EIN EINI EIP EIPV EIS EIT EJ EJN ejus. EKC EKG

EKyG EL ELAM ELAS elec. elem. elev. ELIEDA ELISA ELIX ELSS ELT EM EMA EMA-CF E-mail EMB EMC EMD

enzyme inhibitor ; eosinophilic index electro-immuno-assay; enzyme immuno-assay exercise-induced airflow limitation equine infectious anemia virus electro-immuno-diffusion; Emergency Infusion Device entero-invasive Escherichia coli endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia elective inguinal node irradiation extensor indicis proprius Enhanced-potency Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine Epidemic Intelligence Service erythrocyte iron turnover elbow jerk external jugular vein ejusdem (of the same) epidemic kerato-conjunctivitis electro-cardio-gram ; electro-kardio-gram (German : kardio = heart; gramma = mark); electro-cardio-graph ; electro-kardio-graph (German : kardio = heart; grapein = to write) electro-kymo-gram electro-leukemia endothelial (cell) leukocyte adhesion molecule extended lymph-adenopathy syndrome election ; elective; electric ; electrical; electricity ; electron element ; elementary elevate ; elevated ; elevation enzyme-linked immuno-electro-diffusion assay enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay elixir (from Arabic: al-iksir) extravehicular life support system euglobulin lysis time ejection murmur; electro-magnetic; electron microscope ; emergency medicine; emmetropia; erythema migrans epithelial membrane antigen Etoposide, Methotrexate, Adriamycin, Citrovorum Factor electronic mail endo-myocardial biopsy; eosin methylene blue encephalo-myo-carditis electro-mechanical dissociation; electro-myocardial dissociation

E

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

EMF

electro-magnetic flowmeter; electro-magnetic force; electro-motive force; endo-myocardial fibrosis ; eosinophil maturation factor ; erythrocyte maturation factor electro-myelo-gram ; electro-myo-gram ; electro-myography ; exophthalamus macroglossia gigantism electro-magnetic interference enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique eutectic mixture of local anesthetics ex modo praescripto (as prescribed) emplastrum (a plaster) electro-magnetic radiation Emergency Medical Service (British) eosinophilia myalgia syndrome early morning specimen of urine Emergency Medical Technician electro-magnetic units emulate; emulation; emulsify ; emulsio (emulsion) electro-magnetic wave; electro-magnetic waves erythema nodosum; eye nerve Emergency Nurses Association; extractable nuclear antigen ethyl-nor-epinephrine electro-neurography ; electro-nystagmo-gram electronystagmo-graphy; English; engineer ; engineering engineer; engineering erythema nodosum leprosum ear, nose, throat ear operation ; ethylene oxide; even and odd; extra oil; eye operation; eyes opened esophageal obturator airway errors and omissions expected ethiodized oil emulsion electro-oculo-gram ; electro-olfacto-gram end of message; end of month; extra-ocular movement; extra-ocular muscles explanation of Medicare benefits extra-ocular movement intact; extra-ocular muscles intact external occipital protuberance European Organization for Radiation Therapy in Cancer

EMG EMI EMIT EMLA e.m.p. emp. EMR E.M .S. EMS EMSU EMT e.m .u. emul . EMW EN ENA ENE ENG ENGR ENL ENT EO EOA E&OE EOE EOG EOM EOMB EOMI EOP E.O.R.T.C.

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

eos. eosin. EOT EP EPA EPAP EPB EPBF EPC EPDT EPEC EPF epi. EPIN epis . EPIS epith. EPL EPM EPMR EPP EPPL EPPP EPR EPS EPSDT EPSP EPTD EPTFE eq. equiv. Er E/R

eosinophil; eosinophils eosinophil; eosinophils effective oxygen transport ; end of text; end of transmission ectopic pregnancy; electro-phoresis; endogenous pyrogen; erythrocyte protoporphyrin ; erythro-poietin; evoked potential eicosa-pentaenoic acid; Environmental Protection Agency expiratory positive airway pressure extensor pollicis brevis effective pulmonary blood flow epilepsia partialis continua early pregnancy detection test entero-pathogenic Escherichia coli early pregnancy factor ; eosinophilic pustular folliculitis ; exophthalmus producing factor epinephrine; episiotomy ; epithelial epinephrine epistomium (a stopper) episiotomy ephithalaxia ; epithalamus; epithelial ; epithelium extensor pollicis longus electronic pace-maker electron para-magnetic resonance end-plate potential; erythropoietic proto-porphyria epithelial, possibly precancerous lesion erythro-poietic proto-porphyria electro-phrenic respiration; electron paramagnetic resonance; epitym-panic recess ; estradiol production rate electro-pyhsiologic study; exophthalamus producing substance; express prostatic secretion; extra-pyramidal signs; extra-pyramidal symptoms early periodic screening diagnosis and treatment excitatory post-synaptic potential extra-polated total dose expanded poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene equal; equation ; equivalent equivalent Erbium; error corrected (bookkeeping abbreviation) external rotation 79

E

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ER

early response ; ejection rate; electric response ; Emergency Room; endoplasmic reticulum ; error corrected (bookkeeping abbreviation) ; estrogen receptor ; evoked response ; expiratory reserve ; external resistance ; external rotation electric response audiometry; estroadiol receptor assay ; estrogen receptor assay; evoked response audiometry endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage effective renal blood flow erythropoietic responsive cell endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreato-graphy external reduction and fixation Education and Research Foundation; external reduction and fixation electro-retino-gram electro-radio-immuno-assay enzyme-linked immuno-chemical assay ; estrogen receptor immuno-cytochemical assay Employee Retirement Income Security Act effective refractory period; equine rhino-pneumonitis ; estrogen receptor protein effective renal plasma flow endoscopic retrograde sphincterotomy estrogen replacement therapy endo-rectal ultra-sound expiratory reserve volume Einsteinium ear surgery ; early sign; early signal; early sound ; early stage ; ejection signal; ejection stage ; emergency surgery ; eye surgery electrical stimulation to brain escape; Escherichia European Society of Cardiology early-stage diagnosis extreme somatosensory evoked potential erythropoietic-stimulating factor end-systolic length ejection-systolic murmur esophagoscopy; esophagus especially; espundia end-systolic pressure ; eosinophil stimulation promoter; extra-sensory perception

ERA ERBD ERBF ERC ERCP ERCPG ER&F ERF ERG ERIA ERICA ERICA ERP ERPF ERS ERT ERUS ERV Es ES ESB Esc. E.S.C. ESD ESEP ESF ESL ESM eso . esp . ESP

80

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ESR ESRD ess . ESS ESSEP est . EST e.s.u. ESV ESVI ESWL et Et. ET ETA ETAF et al. etc. ETD ETEC ETF ETH ETH/C ETKM ETM Et20 ETOE EtOH ETP ETS ETT ETU Eu EU EUA eV EV

electron spin resonance ; erythrocyte sedimentation rate end-stage renal disease essential erythrocyte sensitizing substance extreme somato-sensory evoked potential established (patient) Eastern Standard Time; electro-shock therapy; electro-shock treatment electro-static unit end-systolic volume end-systolic volume index extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy et (and) ethyl; etiology effective temperature ; effective time; ejection time; endotracheal tube; enterically transmitted ; eustachian tube estimated time of activity; estimated time of arrival; 2-ethyliso-thionicotin-amide (Amidazine; Ethionamide) epithelial thymic activating factor et alii (and others) et cetera (and so on) extrapolated total dose entero-toxic Escherichia coli eustachian tube function elixir terpin hydrate elixir terpin hydrate with Codeine Every Test Known to Man Erythromycin (Erycin ; Erythrocin ; Ilotycin; Retcin) ether efficiency of tissue oxygen extraction ethanol ; ethyl alcohol eustachian tube pressure environmental tobacco smoke esophageal transit time; exercise tolerance test ; extra-thyroidal thyroxine Emergency and Trauma Unit Europe ; Europium Ehrlich unit; endotoxin unit; enzyme unit ; Europe examination under anesthesia electron volt epidermodysplasia verruciformis ; extra-vascular 81

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

EVA evac. eval . evap . EVAP EVLW EVR EVS EVST EW EWB EWL EX exam exc. EXEC ExHBF exhib. Ex MO EXP expec. exper. exp. lap. expt . exptl. ext. extn . ext. rot. ExUG

Etoposide, Vincristine, Adriamycin evacuate; evacuated; evacuation evaluate ; evaluated; evaluation evaporation Etoposide, Vinblastine, Ara-C, Platinol extra-vascular lung water endocardial viability ratio elective variceal sclerosis; endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy endoscopic variceal sclero-therapy elsewhere; emergency ward; eye-wash estrogen withdrawal bleeding egg-white lysozyme examination; exception ; exercise examination excision ; exception; exclude; exclusion executive exercise hyperemia blood flow exhibeatur (let it be given) ; exhibit; exhibition express money order (bookkeeping abbreviation) expand ; expect; expectorate; expel; experiment ; expiration ; expired; exploration; explore; expose ; exposition ; exposure expectancy ; expectant; expectation; expectorant; expectorate; expectoration experiment exploratory laparotomy experiment experimental extend ; extende (extend; spread); extension; exterior ; external ; extract; extraction ; extractum (extract) extension external rotation excretory uro-gram

fiat (let it be done) ; focal length ; frequency face ; factor; Fahrenheit; fair ; false; fan; fangus ; farad; faraday; fast ; fat; fatal; father ; February; feces; feet ; female ; fertility ; fetus; fever; field; Filaria; film ; finger; fish ; flat ; flatus ; flea ; fluorine ; fly; foot ; force; formula; French ; frequency; Friday; frog ; full; fusiformis filial - first generation F1 filial FZ - second generation F-12 Freon 12 FA false aneurysm ; father ; fatty acid ; femoral artery; first aid; fluorescent antibody ; folic acid ; fore-arm ; free acid FAB formalin ammonium bromide; fragment antigen binding FABF fore-arm blood flow FAC Federal Allowable Cost; Fluorouracil, Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide FACA Fellow of the American College of Anesthesiologists FACD Fellow of the American College of Dentists FACOG Fellow of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists FACP Fellow of the American College of Physicians FACR Fellow of the American College of Radiologists FACS Fellow of the American College of Surgeons ; fluorescence activated cell sorter FACSM Fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine FAC-XRT Fluorouracil, Adriamycin, Cytoxan - Radiation Therapy FAD flavin adenine dinucleotide FADF flourescent antibody dark field Fahr. Fahrenheit FAI functional aerobic impairment F-AIDS Feline - Auto Immune Deficiency Syndrome Fam. family FAM Fluorouracil, Adriamycin, Mitomycin C FAMA fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen f. F

83

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

FAMe FAMS FANA FAO FAP

fasc.

FAST FAT FATS FAV FAX FB FBD FBE FBF FBI FBOA FBP FBS FC FCA FCAP FCB FCC FCCP FCIF FCP FCR FCS FCU

f.d. FD

FD so FDA

84

Fluorouracil, Adriamycin, McCCNU Fluorouracil, Adriamycin, Mitomycin, Streptozotocin fluorescent anti-nuclear antibody Food and Agriculture Organization (of the United Nations) familial adenomatous polyposis; fibrillating action potential; Fluorouracil, Adriamycin, Platinol fasciculus (bundle) fluoro-allergo-sorbent test Fetal Activity Test; first-aid kit; fluorescent antibody test ; 5-Fluorouracil, Adriamycin, Trazinate familial atherosclerosis treatment study feline ataxia virus facsimile (transmission or reproduction via telephone line) finger breadth; fluid balance; food bank ; foreign body; frog belly; frontal bone functional bowel disorder full blood examination forearm blood flow Federal Bureau of Investigation Fellow of the British Optical Association femoral blood pressure ; fibrinogen breakdown products fasting blood sugar; fetal bovine serum finger clubbing ; Foley catheter; food chain ferritin conjugated antibody ; Freund's complete adjuvant Fellow of the College of American Pathologists folli-cultis barbae (tinea barbae) Federal Communications Commission Fellow of the American College of Chest Physicians fixed cell immune fluorescence Fellow of the College of Physicians ; Fluorouracil, Cytoxan, Prednisone flexor carpi radialis Fellow of the Chemical Society flexor carpi u1naris febre durante (while the fever lasts) ; fracta dosi (in divided doses) Fabry's disease; fatal dose ; feline distemper; filing date; Fire Department ; focal distance ; forceps delivery fatal dose - 50% fronto-dextra anterior (position of fetus) ; Food and Drug Administration

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

first-degree burn; flexor digitorum brevis follicular dendritic cell flouro-deoxy-glucose first-degree heart sound flexor digitorum longus familial dysplastic nevus syndrome fibrin degradation products; flexor digitorum profundus; fronto-dextra posterior (position of fetus) flexor digiti quinti FDQ flexor digitorum sublimis ; flexor digitorum superficialis FDS fronto-dextra transversa (position of fetus) FDT fluoro-deoxy-uridine mono-phosphate FDUMP Fe February ; female ; ferrum (iron) FE feline enteritis Fe2+ ferrous ferric Fe 3+ Feb. February FEC forced expiratory capacity FECFV functional extra-cellular fluid volume fetal electro-cardio-gram ; fetal electro-cardio-graphy FECG ferrous-carbonate FeCO 3 FECP free erythrocyte copro-porphyria fe. cult . fecal culture FECV functional extra-cellular (fluid) volume FEF forced expiratory flow forced FEFmax expiratory flow - maximum FEKG fetal electro-kardio-gram (fetal electro-cardio-gram) FELH familial erythrophagocytic lympho-histiocytosis FeLV feline leukemia virus FEM female ; femoral; femur fem. int. femoribus internus (at the inner side of the thighs) FE.M.S. Federation of European Microbiologists' Societies FENa fractional excretion of natrium (natrium = sodium) Fe203 ferric-oxide Fe(OH) 3 ferric-hydroxide FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene; free erythrocyte porphyrin FEPP free erythrocyte proto-porphyrin ferv. fervens (boiling) FESg forced expiratory spiro-gram FeSO 4 ferrous-sulfate FESS functional endoscopic sinus surgery FET field-effective transistor; forced expiratory technique; forced expiratory time FDB FDC FDG FDHS FDL FDNS FDP

85

F

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

FEV forced expiratory volume FEV1 forced expiratory volume in one second ff. following FF fat free; fecal frequency ; fertility factor ; filtration fraction ; frog face FFA fluorescein fundoscopy and angiography ; free fatty acid FFC fixed flexion contracture ; free from chlorine FFD fat-free diagnosis ; final filing date; focal film distance FFDCA Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act FFM fat-free mass FFP fresh frozen plasma FFPS Fellow of the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons FFR freedom from relapse FF-RF full-fledged risk factor FFS failure-free survival FFT finger-finger test; flicker fusion test; flicker fusion threshold FFW fat-free weight FGD fatal granulomatous disease FGF fibroblast growth factor f .h . fiat basutus (let a draught be made) FH facies hepatica ; family history; fetal hand; fetal head; fetal heart FHC facies hippo-cratica FHF fulminant hepatic failure FHH familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia FHL flexor hallucis longus fetal heart rate FHR FHS fetal heart sound FHT fetal heart tone femoribus internus (at the inner side of the thighs) f .i . FI feline influenza ; finger infection ; forced inspiration fluoro-immuno-assay; Freund's incomplete adjuvant FIA Fial. fialuridine FICD Fellow of the International College of Dentists fraction FICOZ of inspired carbon dioxide FICS Fellow of the International College of Surgeons FID flame ionization detector FIF fetus in fetu; forced inspiratory flow First In, First Out FIFO form-imino-glutamic acid FIGA 86

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

FIGEP FIH filt. FIO F102 FIPV FIVC FJN FJP fl. FL f.l.a. FLA FLCs fld. flor. fl. oz. FLP FLS FLT Flu f.m. Fm FM FMC FMD f.m.d.i.p. FME FMEF FMF FMG FMN FMP FMS FN FNA FNAB FNAC FNH FNP FNT

field inversion gel electro-phoresis first intention healing filtra (filter) free in and out forced inspiratory oxygen; fractional inspired oxygen feline infectious peritonitis virus forced inspiratory vital capacity familial juvenile nephrophthisis familial juvenile polyposis fluidus (fluid) facies leontina; filtration leukapheresis ; focal lesion fiat lege artis (let it be done according to rule) fronto-laeva anterior (fetus position) Friend leukemia cells fluidus (fluid) flores (flowers) fluidus unica (fluid ounce) fronto-laeva posterior (fetus position) follicular lympho-sarcoma fronto-laeva transversa (fetus position) influenza fiat mistura (make a mixture) Fermium frequency modulation Free Medical Clinic fibro-muscular dysplasia ; foot and mouth disease fiat massa dividenda in pilulae (let a mass be made and divided into pills) full mouth extraction forced mid-expiratory flow familial Mediterranean fever Foreign Medical Graduate flavin mono-nucleotide first menstrual period focal motor seizure facial nerve ; false negative fine needle aspiration fine needle aspiration biopsy fine needle aspiration cytology focal nodular hyperplasia Family Nurse Practitioner finger-nose test

87

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

FNTC

fo.

FO FOAM FOAVF FOB FOBS FOD fol. FOV f.p . FP FPA FPB FPC FPG FPIA f. pil. FPL fpm fps f. pul. fr.

Fr FR FRAT FRC FRCP FRCS FRCVS freq . FRFPS Fri. FRJM FROM FRP FRS Fru.

88

fine needle transhepatic cholangiography

folio (sheet)

foramen opticum; foramen ovale Fluorouracil, Oncovin, Adriamycin, Mitomycin C failure of all vital forces fecal occult blood; feet on bed; fiber-optic bronchoscopy ; foot of bed fiber-optic broncho-scopy focus object distance ; free of disease folia (leaves) ; folium (leaf of paper) field of vision fiat potio (let a potion be made) ; freezing point false positive; family planning ; family practice; feline pneumonitis; femoral popliteal; flavin phosphate; frozen plasma fluoro-phenyl-alanine femoral popliteal bypass familial polyposis coli ; fish protein concentrate fasting plasma glucose fluorescence polarization immuno-assay fiant pilulae (let a pill be made) flexor pollicis longus feet per minute feet per second fiat pulvis (let a powder be made) father (brother), father ; Francium ; French ; Friday ; from family report ; father ; first reaction ; fix rate ; flocculation reaction ; French ; Friday ; from free radical assay technique (for drugs) frozen red cells; functional residual capacity Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons Fellow of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons frequency; frequent Fellow of the Royal Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons Friday full range of joint movement full range of motion functional refractory period Fellow of the Royal Society fructose

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS frust. FRV FS f.s.a. FSC FSD FSF FSGPA FSGS FSH FSH/LH-RH FSH-RF FSH-RH FS1 FSP FSR FSS FST ft. FT FT4 FTA FTA-AT FTBD FTC FTG FT31 FT41 ft-lb FTLB FTND FTR FTSG FTTS F/U FU 5-FU FUB

frustillatim (in small pieces) functional residual volume fatigue sign; Fletcher-Suit ; flexible sigmoidoscope ; flexible sigmoidoscopy ; focal spot; full scale fiat secundum artem (let it be made skillfully) Free Standing Clinic focal skin distance fibrin-stabilizing factor fetal sulfo-glyco-protein antigen focal and segmental glomerulo-sclerosis follicle-stimulating hormone follicle-stimulating hormone / luteinizing hormone releasing hormone follicle-stimulating hormone - releasing factor follicle-stimulating hormone - releasing hormone foam stability index fibrin split products; fibrinogen split products fusiform skin revision flexible sigmoido-scope ; flexible sigmoido-scopy foam stability test feet; fiant (let there be made) ; fiat (let it be made) ; foot family therapy ; follow through ; full-term ; full-time free thyroxine fluorescent-absorbed treponemal antibody; fluorescent titer antibody fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test full-term born dead Federal Trade Commission full thickness graft free triiodothyronine index free thyroxine index foot-pound full-term living birth full-term normal delivery finger-thumb reflex full thickness skin graft failure-to-thrive syndrome follow-up (examination) Fluoro-uracil ; follow-up (examination) ; fragilitas unguium ; fundus uteri 5-Fluoro-uracil functional uterine bleeding

89

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

FUMP FUO

FUT FUTP FU-VAC f.v. FV FVC f. ven. FVL

FVR FVRT F waves FWB fwd FWHM FWR Fx Fy FYI FZ FZS

fluoro-uridine mono-phosphate fever of undetermined origin ; fever of unknown origin fibrinogen uptake test fluoro-uridine tri-phosphate Fluorouracil, Vinblastine, Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide folio verso (on the back of the page) facial vein ; femoral vein ; fever; fixed value ; fluid volume ; Friend virus forced vital capacity ; functional vital capacity fiat venaesectio (let the patient be bled) femoral vein ligation feline viral rhinotracheitis feline viral rhino-tracheitis fibrillation wave ; flutter waves free weight bearing forward (bookkeeping abbreviation) full-width half-maximum Felix-Weil reaction fracture blood group for your information focal zone Fellow of the Zoological Society

y yA yABA yBF yD yE yG yGT yGTp yM yR GBPHS g. g G G1 G2 G3 G4 Gil Ga GA G-ABA GAD GADH

Ig = immunoglobulin gamma (abbreviated : immunoglobulin) IgA = immunoglobulin gamma A (abbr : immunoglobulin A) gamma-amino-butyric-acid IgBF = immunoglobulin gamma binding factor IgD = immunoglobulin gamma D (abbr: immunoglobulin D) IgE = immunoglobulin gamma E (abbr: immunoglobulin E) IgG = immunoglobulin gamma G (abbr : immunoglobulin G) gamma-glutamyl-transferase gamma-glutamyl-trans-peptidase IgM = immunoglobulin gamma M (abbr: immunoglobulin M) gamma-ray group B beta-hemolytic streptococcus gravida (pregnant) gram; gravitation constant; green; ventricular gradient gain; gallop ; gamma ; gas ; gauss ; gay; gingival; girl; glass; glossy ; glucose ; glue; glycerin (glycerine) ; glycine; good; grade ; Greek; guanine ; Newtonian constant histopathologic grade : well differentiated histopathologic grade : moderately well differentiated histopathologic grade : poorly differentiated histopathologic grade: undifferentiated hexachlophene Gallium; gauge gastric analysis; general anesthesia; general appearance ; general assistance ; gestational age gamma-amino-butyric acid glutamic acid decarboxylase glutamic acid de-hydrogenase

91

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

GAG GAGE gal. GALSV GALT GALV garg . GAS GASA GB GBA GB-BHS GBG GBGase GBIA GBM GBS G-c GC GCA g-cal GCDP G-cells GUMS GCSA G-CSF GCT Gd G&D GD GDA Gd-DTPA GDM GDP GDS Ge G/E GE gel. qu . GEP 92

glycos-amino-glycnn gauge galactose; gallon gibbon ape lympho-sarcoma virus gut-associated lymphoid tissue galvanic ; gibbon ape lymphosarcoma virus gargarismus (a gargle) general adaptation syndrome growth-adjusted sonographic age gallbladder ; Guillain-Barre (syndrome) ganglionic blocking agent; gingivo-bucco-axial group B beta-hemolytic streptococcus glycine-rich B glycoprotein glycine-rich B glycoprotein-ase Guthrie bacterial inhibition assay glio-blastoma multiforme; glomerular basement membrane gall-bladder series (X-rays) ; group B streptococcus; Guillain-Barre syndrome giga-cycle ganglion cells; gas chromatography ; general closure; gono-coccus; granular casts; guanine cytosine giant cell arteritis gram calorie gross cystic disease protein gastrin cells gas chromatography / mass spectroscopy gross cell surface antigen granulocyte colony-stimulating factor giant cell tumor Gadolinium ; good growth and development general diagnostics ; given dose gastro-duodenal artery ; germine di-acetate Gadolinium - diethylene-triamine-penta-acetate gestational diabetes mellitus guanosine diphosphate Geriatric Depression Scale Germanium granulocyte / erythroid (ratio) gastro-enterostomy; gastro-esophageal gelatina quavis (in any kind of jelly) gastro-entero-pancreatic

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

GEPES GER GERD GET GET-A GeV GF GFAP GFCL GFD GFR GG GGA GGE g.g .g . GGS GGT GGTp GH GHD GH-IF GH-IH GHPP GH-RF GH-RH GH-RIH GHz GI GIFT GIK GIP GIS GIT GITT gl . Gl g/1 g/L GL GLA GLC GLC-ECD GLNS

gastro-entero-pancreatic endocrine system German ; Germany; gastro-esophageal reflux gastro-esophageal reflux disease gastric emptying time general endo-tracheal anesthesia giga electron volt (= 109 electron volts = BeV) gastric fluid; germ-free; gluten-free ; growth factor glial fibrillary acidic protein giant follicular cell lymphoma gluten-free diet glomerular filtration rate gamma globulin general gonadotropic activity generalized glandular enlargement gummi guttae gambiae (gamboge) glands, goiter, stiffness gamma-glutamyl-transferase gamma-glutamyl-trans-peptidase growth hormone growth hormone deficiency growth hormone - inhibiting factor growth hormone - inhibiting hormone Genetically Handicapped Persons Program growth hormone - releasing factor growth hormone - releasing hormone growth hormone - releasing inhibitory hormone giga-Hertz gastro-intestinal ; globulin insulin gamete intra-fallopian transfer glucose, insulin, potassium gastric inhibitory polypeptide gas in stomach; gastro-intestinal system gastro-intestinal tract glucose-insulin tolerance test glandula (gland); glass Glucinium grams per liter (grams per litre) grams per liter (grams per litre) greatest length ; glass gingivo-linguo-axial gas-liquid chromatography gas-liquid chromatography electron capture detector gay lymph node syndrome 93

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS GLR glu. gluc. gm GM G.M.C. GM-CSF GMK GMP GM-SF G.M.T. GMW GN GNB GNID GO GOAT GOP GOT gov't GP G6P GPAIS GPB GPC GPD G6PD GPI GPIMH GPIPID GPKA GPL GPM GPP GPS GPT GPTA g.q. gr. GR 94

gravity lumbar reduction glucose glucose gram (from French : gramme) gastric mucosa ; Geiger-Mueller General Medical Council (British) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor green monkey kidney guanosine mono-phosphate granulocyte-macrophage stimulating factor Greenwich Mean Time gram-molecular weight glucose to nitrogen ratio; glomerulo-nephritis ; gramnegative gram-negative bacteria gram-negative intracellular diplococci general order Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test gynecologic operative procedures glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase government general paresis ; general practitioner ; gram-positive glucose-6-phosphate guinea pig anti-insulin serum gram-positive bacteria gastric parietal cell ; giant papillary conjunctivitis gallons per day; glucose phosphate dehydrogenase glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase general paralysis of the insane ; glucose-phosphate isomerase guinea pig intestinal mucosal homogenate guinea pig (intestinal) intra-peritoneal infectious dose guinea pig kidney absorption (test) generalized persistent lymphadenopathy gallons per minute guinea-pig paralysis gallons per second ; guinea pig serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase graft percutaneous transluminal angioplasty guttis quibusdam (with a few drops) grain ; gravity ; green ; gross gastric resection ; glutathione reductase (screening)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

grad. GRAS grav. Grav. 1 Grav. 2 Grav. 3 GRF GRH GRID GRP G/S GS GSC GSD GSH GSHV GSN GSR GSW gt. GT GTII GTD GTF GTH GTM GTN GTP GTRH GTS gtt . GTT GU GUD GUS gust. GUSTP gut . GvH GvHD GvHR

gradatim (by degrees) ; gradually; graduate generally recognized as safe gravida (a pregnant woman; pregnancy) first pregnancy second pregnancy third pregnancy gonadotropin releasing factor gonadotropin releasing hormone gay-related immune disease (deficiency) gastrin-releasing peptide glucose and saline general surgery gas-solid chromatography glycogen storage disease Glutathione (Deltathione; Glutathin ; Glutinal; Triptide) ground squirrel hepatitis virus gray syndrome of the newborn galvanic skin response gun-shot wound gutta (drop) gait training ; generation time; glucose tolerance galactosyl transferase - isoenzyme II gestational trophoblastic disease glucose tolerance factor gonado-tropic hormone grade, tumor (size and location), metastasis gestational trophoblastic neoplasm ; glomerulo-tubulonephritis ; glyceryl tri-nitrate guanosine tri-phosphate ; glutamyl trans-peptidase gonadotropin releasing hormone Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome guttae (drops) glucose tolerance test genito-urinary ; gastric ulcer; gonococcal urethritis genital ulcer disease genito-urinary system gustation ; gustatory global utilization of streptokinase and tissue plasminogen guttatim (drop by drop) graft versus host graft versus host disease graft versus host reaction

95

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

GWI GX Gy Gyn. GYN gyr. GZT GZTS

guinea-worm infection glycine-xylidide gray gynecologic; gynecological; gynecology ; Gynergen (Ergotamine) gynecology gyral; gyrate ; gyration ; gyrectomy; gyrose ; gyrospasm; gyrus Guilford-Zimmerman Test (of personality) Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey

hyperimmune antivariola gamma globulin hepatitis delta virus human gamma-globulin hypodermic h. hora (hour) h height ; Planck's constant (6 .626 X 10 -34 joule second) enthalpy ; Haemophilus; halt ; hand ; head ; health ; H hearing; heat ; heavy; height ; hemoglobin; hernia ; heroin ; hip; Hispanic ; histamine; history; hole ; home ; horizontal ; hormone; horse; hot; Hounsfield unit ; hospital ; house; human; husband; hydrate; hydrogen ; hydroxyurea; hyper; hypermetropia; hyperopia ; hypodermic ; hysterectomy; hystrix; physical state of patient; performance state of patient H-1 Parvovirus H+ hydrogen ion 'H hydrogen-1 (protium) 2H hydrogen-2 (deuterium) 3H hydrogen-3 (tritium) histamine-2 H2 normal activity HO H1 symptomatic and ambulatory : cares for self H2 ambulatory: occasionally needs assistance H3 ambulatory : needs nursing care H4 bedridden: may need hospitalization Ha Hahnium HA hallux abductus ; head-ache; hem-adsorbent; hemolytic anemia ; hepatic artery ; hepatitis A; hospital admission ; hyaluranic acid; hyper-active HAA hepatitis-associated agent; hepatitis-associated antigen HABF hepatic artery blood flow habit. habitat (habit) HAc acetic acid RACE high-altitude cerebral edema HACS hyper-active child syndrome HAyG HOV HyG

0

97

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

HAD HAE HAFOE HAGG HAHTG HAI HAM

Hexamethylmelamine, Adriamycin, DDP hepatic artery embolization; hereditary angio-edema high air flow with oxygen enrichment hyperimmune antivariola gamma globulin horse anti-human thymus globulin hepatic artery infusion Hexamethylol-melanine, Adriamycin, Methotrexate ; human albumin microspheres; human Tlymphotropic virus type one associated myelopathy HAMA human anti-mouse antibody HAN hyperplastic alveolar nodules HANE hereditary angio-neurotic edema HAP heredopathia atactica polyneuritiformis hemagglutinating anti-penicillin antibody NAPA high-altitude pulmonary edema RAPE HAPSg hepatic arterial perfusion scinti-graphy hypertensive arterio-sclerosis; hypertensive HAS arterio-sclerotic hypertensive arterio-sclerotic cardio-vascular disease HASCVD HASHD hypertensive arterio-sclerotic heart disease HAT heat and acid test; hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thym1dine haust. haustus (a draft) HAV hepatitis A virus Hb hemoglobin (haemoglobin) HB heart block; hepatitis B B core hepatitis HB B surface hepatitis HBSc cells H-2b mouse HBA Australian antigen positive hepatitis HB Ab hepatitis B core anti-body hepatitis Be anti-body HBeAb c HBSAb hepatitis B surface anti-body HBABA hydroxy-benzene-azo-benzoic acid HbA,C hemoglobin A,C (glycohemoglobin) HBAg hepatitis B anti-gen HBAg hepatitis B core anti-gen hepatitis Be anti-gen HBAg hepatitis B surface anti-gen HBAg high blood cholestrol HBC carboxy-hemoglobin HbCO Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccine HbCV hydroxy-butyric dehydrogenase HBD HbF fetal hemoglobin 98

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

hepatic blood flow HBF hepatitis B immune globulin HbIG hepatitis B immune globulin HBIG HBLV human B-lymphotropic virus hyper-boric oxygenation HBO oxy-hemoglobin HbO2 acid; boric acid; orthoboric acid; sassolite boracic H3BO3 H-bomb hydrogen bomb high blood pressure HBP hydro-bromic acid HBr hemoglobin - sickle cell HbS HBS Hamilton Baldness Scale Hb-SC hemoglobin - sickle cell HBSO hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy hepatitis B virus HBV hematocrit He hair cell; handi-cap ; handi-capped ; head circumference; HC head compression ; heat capacity; hemi-cystectomy; heparin cofactor; hepatic catalase; hepatitis C; hospital call; hospital consultation ; hospital corps ; house call; hunger contractions ; hunger cure; Hunter's canal ; Huntington's chorea ; hyaline casts; hyaloid canal ; hydro-cortisone Hexamethylmelamine, Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Fluorouracil H-CAF H-CAP Hexamethylmelamine, Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Platinol hCC hepato-cellular carcinoma HCC hepato-cellular carcinoma HCD heavy chain disease ; house call day HCFA Health Care Financing Administration hCG human chorionic gonadotropin HCG human chorionic gonadotropin HCH hexachloro-cyclo-hexane HCHO formaldehyde HCl hydro-chloric acid; hydro-chloride HCL hairy cell leukemia HCM Health Care Maintenance HCMV human cyto-megalo-virus HCN house call night; hydro-cya-nic acid; hydrogen cya.-nide HCO 3 bicarbonate HCP hereditary copro-porphyria HCS hydroxy-cortico-steroids HCSmt human chorionic somato-mammo-tropin HCSUS HIV cost and services utilization study 99

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

Hct HCT HCTz HCV HCVD HCW h.d . HD

HDC HDCRV HDCV HDE HDH HDI HDLP HD-MTX HDN HDNB HDP HDRV HDS HDTV HDV HDVSD He HE HEA HEAL HEAT heb. HEC HEENT HEK HEL HEOD HEP HEPA herb .rec . HES 100

hemato-crit hemato-crit; homo-cyto-trophic ; human calci-tonin ; human chorionic thyrotropin; hydro-chloro-thiazide hydro-chloro-thia-zide hepatitis C virus hypertensive cardio-vascular disease Health Care Worker heloma durum (hard corn); hora decubitus (at bedtime) hemmo-dialysis ; hard-drive (disk-drive) ; head ; high dosage ; hearing deficiency; hearing device ; hearing distance ; heart disease; hepatitis D; high density; Hodgkin's Disease; hydatid disease hanging drop culture human diploid cell rabies vaccine human diploid cell (rabies) vaccine high-dose epinephrine heart disease history Healthcare Data Interchange high-density lipo-protein high-dose methotrexate hemolytic disease of the newborn hemolytic disease of the new-born hydroxy-dimethyl-pyrimidine human diploid (cell) rabies vaccine herniated disk syndrome High Definition Tele-Vision hepatitis delta virus; hepatitis D virus hydrogen detected ventricular septal defect Helium hemoglobin electrophoresis; hereditary elliptocytosis hemorrhage, exudate, aneurysm Health Education Assistance Loan human erythrocyte agglutination test hebdomada (week) hereditary ellipto-cytosis head, eyes, ears, nose, throat human embryo kidney ; human embryonic kidney human embryonic lung Dieldrin hemoglobin electro-phoresis high efficiency particulate air (filter) herbarium recentium (of fresh herbs) hydroxy-ethyl starch

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

H&E stain HETE HETP Hexa Hf HF HFD HFFTTA HFI HFJV H-flu HFO HFP HFPPV HFS HFSH HFV Hg HGA hgb . hgb-A,C hgb-F HGF HGG hGH HGH HGHr Hg(NO3 ) 2 HGPRT hgt. H&H HH HHA HHB HHD HHM HHNKC HHS HHT HHV6

H

hematoxylin and eosin stain 5-hydroxy-eicosa-tetra-enoic (acid) hexa-ethyl-tetra-phosphate hexamethylmelamine Hafnium Hageman factor ; hair follicle; hay fever ; heart failure ; heat flow; hemorrhagic fever; hepatic flexure ; high flow; high frequency ; hydrocele feminae high forceps delivery hypermobile flat foot with tight tendo Achilles hereditary fructose intolerance high-frequency jet ventilation Haemophilus influenzae high-frequency oscillation hexa-fluoro-propylene high-frequency positive-pressure ventilation hemi-facial spasm human follicle-stimulating hormone high-frequency ventilation hemo-globin ; hydrar-gyrum (Mercury) homo-gentistic acid hemo-globin hemo-globin A and C (glyco-hemoglobin) hemo-globin - fetal hybridoma growth factor ; hyperglycemic-glycogenolytic factor (glucagon) human gamma-globulin human growth hormone human growth hormone human growth hormone recombinant mercuric-nitrate hypoxanthine-guanine phospho-ribosyl-transfersase height hematocrit and hemoglobin hiatal hernia; hydroxy-hexamide hereditary hemolytic anemia hemogenic-hemolytic balance hypertensive heart disease humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketotic coma health and human services hereditary hemorrhage telangiectasia human herpes virus 6

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

h.i. HI HIA 5-HIAA HIB HIC HID HIHA HILA H103 HIOMT HIP HIPC HIPP HIS hist. HIT HIV HIVAg HIVIG HJ HJR HK HKAFO HKLM H&L HL HLA HLA-A HLA-B HLA-C HLA-D HLA-DR HLA-DR1 HLA-DR5 HLA-L hLH HLH 102

horis intermediis (at the intermediate hours) hemagglutination inhibition ; high intensity ; hydriodic acid hemagglutination inhibition antibody 5-hydroxyl-indole-acetic acid Haemophilus influenzae type B Health Insurance Claim head, insomnia, depression high-impulsiveness high-anxiety high-impulsiveness low-anxiety iodic acid hydroxy-indole-o-methyl transferase (acid) Health Insurance Plan Health Insurance Plan of California; Health Insurance Purchasing Cooperative Health Insurance Premium Program Hospital Information System history ; histology ; histamine ; histidine hemagglutination inhibition test; hypertrophic infiltrative tendinitis human immunodeficiency virus human immune deficiency virus - antigen hyperimmune intra-venous immuno-globulin hepato-jugular hepato-jugular reflex heat-killed ; hexo-kinase hip, knee, ankle, and foot orthosis heat-killed Listeria monocytogenes head and leg; head and legs; heart and liver; heart and lung; high and low half-life ; hearing loss; heavy load; histiocytic lymphoma human leukocyte antigen ; human lymphocyte antigen human leukocyte antigen - group A human leukocyte antigen - group B human leukocyte antigen - group C human leukocyte antigen - group D human leukocyte antigen - group DR human leukocyte antigen - group DR1 human leukocyte antigen - group DR5 human leukocyte antigen - group L human luteinizing hormone human luteinizing hormone

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

HLHS HLK HLP h1s. UT HLT HLV h.m. Hm HM HMA-CMV HMB HMC hmct. HMCT HMD HMG HML HMM HMO HMP HMR HMSAS HMSN HMSS HMSst HMW HMWNCF HMX h.n. H&N HN HN2 HNKS HNO2 HNO3 HNP HNSHA HNV hny.

hypoplastic left heart syndrome heart, liver, kidney hairy leuco-plakia ; hairy leuko-plakia ; hyper-lipoproteinemia hoc loco situs (laid in this place) human lymphocyte transformation human lymphocyte transformation herpes-like virus; hypoplastic left ventricle hecto-meter; heloma molle (soft corn) hyperopia manifest (manifest hyperopia) hand movement; head movement ; heart murmur; high mode; hot milk; human milk; hydatidiform mole human monoclonial antibody - cyto-megalic virus homatropine methyl bromide heroin, morphine, cocaine hematocrit hematocrit hyaline membrane disease human menopausal gonadotropin ; hydroxy-methylglutaryl human milk lysozyme -hexa-methyl-melamine Health Maintenance Organization ; heart minute output hexose mono-phosphate ; hot moist packs histiocytic medullary reticulosis hypertrophic muscular sub-aortic stenosis hereditary motor and sensor neuropathy hypertrophic muscular subaortic stenosis hypertrophic muscular subaortic stenosis high molecular weight high molecular weight - neutrophil chemotactic factor heat massage exercise hoc nocte (tonight) head and neck; head and nose Head Nurse; hereditary nephritis nitrogen mustard (chlormethine ; MBA; mechlorethamine) hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome nitrous-acid nitric-acid herniated nucleus pulposus hereditary non-spherocytic hemolytic anaemia has not vomited; has no value honey 103

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

h/o Ho H/O HO H2O H202 HOB HOCM HOH HONK HOOD HOP H2Oso4 hosp . HOT Hp H+P H&P HP HPA HPAA HpAN HPC HPETE HPF HPFH HPFSH hPG HPG hPL HPL HPLA HPLC HPLC-MS HPO HPO3 10 4

history of Holmium history of high oxygen water hydrogen-peroxide head of bed; heat of body hypertrophic obstructive cardio-myopathy hard of hearing hyper-osmotic non-ketotic (coma) hereditary osteo-onycho-dysplasia high oxygen pressure ; Hydroxydaunomycin, Oncovin, Prednisone osmic-acid hospital human old tuberculin heptoglobin history and physical (medical examination) history and physical (medical examination) haemo-perfusion; heat pressure ; hemato-porphyrin ; high power; high pressure ; high protein; horse-power; hot pack ; hot packs; house physician; human pituitary high-power amplifier; hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (axis) hydroxy-phenyl-acetic acid hyperplastic alveolar nodules hemangio-peri-cytoma 5-hydroxy-peroxy-eicosa-tetra-enoic (acid) high-power field hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin human pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone human pituitary gonadotropin human pituitary gonadotropin human placental lactogen human placental lactogen hydroxy-phenyl-lactic acid high-performance liquid chromatography ; high-pressure liquid chromatography high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry high-pressure oxygenation; hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy meta-phosphoric-acid

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

H3PO2 H2PO3 H3P04 H4 P206 H4P207 HPP HPRT HPS HPV HPVD Hpx. hr H&R HR

HRA HRBC HRBP HRC HRF HRI HRIG hrs. HRT h.s.

H&S HS

H2S HSA HSBI HSCD Hse. HSE HSG H2Si0 3 H4 Si04

H

hypo-phosphorous-acid phosphorous-acid ortho-phosphoric-acid hypo-phosphoric-acid pyro-phosphoric-acid hereditary pyro-poikilocytosis ; hydroxy-pyrazolopymidine hypoxanthine phospho-ribosyl-transferase hematoxylin-phyloxine saffron; hypertrophic pyloric stenosis Haemophilus Pertussis Vaccine; Human Papilloma Virus hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease hemopexin hour hysterectomy and radiation Hartmann Resection; health risk ; heart rate ; heart reflex ; heart replacement; heat rays; heat recovery; hepatic replacement; high rate; high risk ; hormone receptor ; hospital record ; hour health risk appraisal; heart rate audiometry horse red blood cells holo-retinol binding protein heart-ray cataract ; heart-regulating centers histamine-releasing factor heat rate indicator; height-range indicator human rabies immuno-globulin hours heart; hormone replacement therapy hora somini (at bedtime) hysterectomy and sterilization half-strength; head surgery; heart sound; heat sensitive; herpes simplex ; high school ; high sensitivity; homosexual; horse serum; hospital surgery; house staff; house surgeon; Hunter's syndrome; Hurler's syndrome hydrogen-sulfide human serum albumin ; hypersomnia sleep apnea high serum-bound iron Hand-Schiiller-Christi an disease hemo-serine herpes simplex encephalitis herpes simplex genitalis; hystero-salpingo-gram meta-silisic-acid ortho-silisic-acid 105

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

HSL HSM HSMN H2S03 H4S04 HSR HSS HSTS HSV HSV1 HSV2 HT HTA HTACS HTC H-TGL HTHD HTLA HTLV HTLVI HTLVII HTLVIII htn. HTP HTR hts . HTS HTSH HTV HU HuIFN h.u.s. HUS HuTAS HUV H&V HV HVA HVD

herpes simplex labialis hepato-splenomegaly hereditary sensory motor neuropathy sulfurous-acid sulfuric-acid homogeneously staining region hypertrophic subaortic stenosis human-specific thyroid stimulator herpes simplex virus herpes simplex virus 1 herpes simplex virus 2 heart; heart test; heat ; heater; heat tolerance; height; hemagglutination titer; high tension; hot; hypertension; hypodermic tablet hydroxy-trypt-amine human thyroid adenylate cyclase stimulators homozygous typing cells hepatic tri-glyceride lipase hyper-tensive heart disease human thymus lymphocyte antigen human T-cell leukemia virus human Tcell leukemia virus 1 human Tcell leukemia virus 2 human T-cell lymphotropic virus 3 hyper-tension hydroxy-trypto-phan heater ; hemolytic transfusion reaction heights heat transfer salt human thyroid-stimulating hormone herpes-type virus heat unit; hemagglutinating unit ; hydroxy-urea human inter-feron horae unius spatio (at the end of one hour) hemolytic-uremic syndrome ; husband human thymus anti-serum human umbilical vein hemigastrectomy and vagotomy hallux valgus ; hallux varus; herpes virus (herpesvirus) ; high velocity; high voltage; hospital visit homo-vanillic-acid hypertensive vascular disease

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

FIVE HVH HVL HVS hvy. HW HWB HWD Hx HXIS Hx/Px hypo hyst . hyster . hystero.

Hz HZ HZO HZSIL-TF HZV

high-voltage electrophoresis herpes virus hominis (herpesvirus hominis) half-value layer herpes virus simiae (herpesvirus simiae) heavy hot water hot water bottle heart-water disease hemopexin; hexyl; history Hard X-ray Imaging Spectrometer history and physical examination hypodermic ; hypodermically; sodium-hyposulfite (thiosulfate-sodium) hysterectomy ; hysteria ; hysterics; hysterorrhexis hysterical ; hysterodynia ; hysteroepilepsy; hysterogram; hysterography; hysterolysis; hysterometer; hysteropexy; hysteroscope ; hysteroscopy ; hysterotomy hysterogram; hysterography; hysterometer ; hysteroscope ; hysteroscopy ; hysterotrachelectomy; hysterotracheloplasty; hysterotrachelorrhaphy ; hysterotrachelotomy ; hysterotraumatism Hertz (number of cycles per second) herpes zoster (shingles) ; H zone (Hensen's disk) herpes zoster ophthalmicus herpes zoster specific immune lymphocytic transfer factor herpes zoster virus

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IFNa-2a IFNa-2b IVIyG I 1251 1311

IA IAA IAB IABC IABCP IABP IAC IACH IACPB IADH IADHS IADS-AG I.A.E.A. IA-ECG IAFI IAGT IAH IAHA IAHAA IAHPS IAM IAP

interferon alfa - 2a interferon alfa - 2b intra-venous immune gamma-globulin ampere (electrical current; electrical intensity) ; in ; incision; incisor; India; Indian ; injection; inner; inosine; inside ; intensity; intercalary ; iodine ; ion; isotope radioactive isotope of iodine of atomic weight 125 radioactive isotope of iodine of atomic weight 131 immune adherence; immune associated ; index alveolar ; infarct anemic ; internal auditory ; intra-aortic ; intra-arterial indole-acetic acid intra-aortic balloon intra-aortic balloon catheter intra-aortic balloon counter-pulsation intra-aortic balloon pump ; intra-aortic balloon pumping internal auditory canal idiopathic adrenal cortical hyperplasia intra-aortic counter-pulsation balloon inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone syndrome intra-arterial digital subtraction angio-graphy International Atomic Energy Agency intra-atrial electro-cardio-gram infantile amaurotic familial idiocy indirect anti-globulin test idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia; implantable artificial heart immune adherence hem-agglutination immune adherence hem-agglutination assay infection-associated hemo-phagocytic syndrome internal auditory meatus immunization assistance project; intermittent acute porphyria

109

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

IAS IASD IASF IAT IAVB

IAVD ib. IB IBB

IBC IBD IBI IBL IBM IBS IBV

IBW

i.c. IC

ICA ICAO ICC ICCE ICCMP ICCU ICD

ICD-9 ICF ICFA ICG

Industrial Applications Society; inter-atrial septum inter-atrial septal defect intra-amniotic saline infusion invasive activity test; iodine-azide test incomplete atrio-ventricular block incomplete atrio-ventricular dissociation ibidem (in the same place) immune body; inclusion body intestinal brush border iron-binding capacity inflammatory bowel disease intermittent bladder irrigation immuno-blastic lymphadenopathy inclusion body myositis inflammatory bowel syndrome; irritable bowel syndrome infectious bronchitis virus ideal body weight inter cibos (between meals) immune complex ; initial consultation; inspiratory capacity ; integrated circuit; intensive care; inter-coolant ; inter-costal ; intermediate care; intermittent claudication; intermittent count ; internal clog; intra-cranial ; intracarotid ; intra-cavitary; intra-cellular ; intra-cerebral; intra-coronary ; intra-cutaneous ; irritable colon; ischemic colitis ileo-colic artery; internal carotid artery ; intra-cranial aneurysm internal carotid artery occlusion immune competent cells ; Indian childhood cirrhosis ; intensive cardiac care ; intensive coronary care intra-capsular cataract extraction idiopathic congestive cardio-myo-pathy intensive cardiac care unit; intensive coronary care unit infantile celiac disease; International Classification of Diseases; intra-canthal distance ; intrauterine contraceptic device; ischemic cardiac disease; ischemic coronary disease ; iso-citrate dehydrogenase ; iso-citric dehydrogenase International Classification of Diseases - 9th revision intra-cellular fluid in-complete Freund's adjuvant indo-cyanine green

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ICH I.C.M. ICM I.C.N. ICNB ICP ICS ICSH ICT

ICU ICW i.d. id. I&D ID ID so IDA id. ac IDAD IDAGT IDAV IDD IDDM IDLP IDM IDMS ID/OD IDP IDR IDS IDSA IDTCPP IDU IDV i.e. I:E UE IE

infantile cortical hyperostosis ; intea-cranial hemorrhage International Commission for Migration immune competence malnutrition ; intea-costal margin International Council of Nurses inter-costal nerve block intea-cranial pressure inter-costal space; International College of Surgeons interstitial cell-stimulating hormone indirect Coomb's test; inflammation of connective tissue; insulin coma therapy; intermittent cervical traction ; insulin clearance test ; isovolumic contraction time intensive care unit; intensive therapy unit intea-cellular water in dies (daily) idem (the same) incision and drainage identification; infection droplet; infectious disease; infective dose; internal diameter; intea-dermal infective dose by 50% ; inhibition dose by 50% imino-diacetic acid; iron deficiency anemia idem ac (the same as) imino-diacetic acid derivatives in-direct anti-globulin titer immuno-deficiency associated virus insulin-dependent diabetes insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus intermediate density lipo-protein infant of diabetic mother isotope dilution mass spectrometry inside diameter / outside diameter (ratio) inosine di-phosphate intea-dermal reaction immunity deficiency state intraoperative digital subtraction angiography immuno-deficient thrombo-cyto-penic purpura 5-iodo-2'deoxy-uridine ; idox-uridine intermittent demand ventilation id est (that is); injiciatur enema (let an enema be injected) inspiration time : expiration time (ratio) inspiration time / expiration time (ratio) immunizing unit (from German: immunitats Einheit)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

IEEE IEM IEMG IEOP IEOPh IEP IEPh IEPS Uf IF IFA IFCC IFEP IFM Ifn. IFN IFNA-2a IFNA-2b IFOS-E IFOS-VP IFP IFR IFRA IFT IFV Ig IG IgA IgBF IgD IgE IgG Igm IGT

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers immune electron microscopy ; inborn error of metabolism integrated electro-myo-gram immune electro-osmo-phoresis immune electro-osmo-phoresis immuno-electro-phoresis immuno-electro-phoresis invaginate extra-prostatic space in full (bookkeeping abbreviation) immuno-fluorescence ; inter-feron ; intermittent frequency; internal fluid; intrinsic factor immuno-fluorescent antibody; immuno-fluorescent assay ; incomplete Freund's adjuvant; indirect fluorescent antibody (test) ; intrinsic factor antibody International Federation of Clinical Chemistry immuno-fixation electro-phoresis internal fetal monitor interferon interferon interferon alfa 2a interferon alfa 2b Ifosfamide, Etoposide Ifosfamide, VePesid interstitial fluid pressure inspiratory flow rate indirect fluorescent rabies antibody (test) immuno-fluorescence test intracellular fluid volume y = immunoglobulin gamma (abbreviated: immunoglobulin) immune globulin; intea-gastric yA = immunoglobulin gamma A (abbr : immunoglobulin A) yBF = immunoglobulin gamma binding factor yD = immunoglobulin gamma D (abbr : immunoglobulin D) yE = immunoglobulin gamma E (abbr : immunoglobulin E) yG = immunoglobulin gamma G (abbr: immunoglobulin G) yM = immunoglobulin gamma M (abbr : immunoglobulin M) impaired glucose tolerance

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS IGV IH IHA IHB IHBTD IHCU IHD IHR IHS IHSA IHSS IH virus IHW IICP IIF IIFA UP IJ IJC IJP IJV ii IL I.L .A . ILBBB ILD ILGF ILGF-I illus . IM IMA IMAA IMABP IMAG IMB IMBC IMC IMCH IMCI IMF

I

intrathoracic gas volume infectious hepatitis; inpatient hospital ; insufficiency, hepatic indirect hem-agglutination incomplete heart block incomplete hemolytic blood transfusion disease idiopathic hyper-calci-urea ischemic heart disease index hemo-renal ; intrinsic heart rate in-house service iodinated human serum albumin idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis infectious hepatitis virus A inner heel wedge increased intea-cranial pressure indirect immuno-fluorescence indirect immuno-fluorescence antibody increased intracranial pressure internal jugular internal jugular chain internal jugular pressure internal jugular vein Illinium inter-leukin ; internal leak ; internal lock International Leprosy Association incomplete left bundle branch block interstitial lung disorder ; ischemic leg disease; ischemic limb disease insulin-like growth factor insulin-like growth factor - I illustrate ; illustrated; illustration inter-muscular; internal medicine ; intea-muscular; intea-muscularly inferior mesenteric artery ; internal mammary artery iodinated macro-aggregated albumin internal mammary artery by-pass internal mammary artery graft inter-menstrual bleeding indirect maximum breathing capacity Industrial Medical Council idiopathic myo-cardial hypertrophy inferior myo-cardial infarction inferior mesenteric artery; inter-maxillary fixation

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS IMG IMH IMHT IMI IMLN imm . IMN imp . IMP IMPA impf. IMR IMV in. In IN INAD INAH inc. incl. incomp . incr IND INEMP inf. INFH inflam. INFO INH inhal. init. inj . inj . enem. INOP INPV INR ins INS Inst.

International Medical Graduate idiopathic myocardial hypertrophy indirect micro-hemagglutination test infra-muscular injection internal mammary lymph node immediately; immersion; immune ; immunization; immunize infectious mono-nucleosis imperfect; important ; impose ; impression; improve; improved inosine mono-phosphate incisal mandibular plane angle imperfect infant mortality rate intermittent mandatory ventilation inch Indium India; Indian ; infra-nasal infantile neuro-axonal dystrophy iso-nicotinic acid hydrazide incorporated ; increase; increment including incompatibility; incompatible ; incompetent increase ; increment independent ; India; Indian ; indirect; induced ; Investigational New Drug infantile necrotizing encephalo-myelo-pathy infant; infected ; infection ; inferior; infinitive; information ; infra (below) ; infunde (pour in) ; infusum (infusion) ischemic necrosis of femoral head inflammation information iso-nicotinic (acid) hydrazide (Isoniazid; Isonicotinyl) inhalation initial inject ; injected; injection ; injunction; injury injiciatur enema (let an enema be injected) inter-nuclear ophthalmo-plegia intermittent negative pressure ventilation International Normalized Ratio insurance (bookkeeping abbreviation) Immigration and Naturalization Services; insurance install ; installation

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

instil. int. interm . intermed. interpret . Intl. intox. intsv. Io I/O I&O IO IODSAG

IOI

IOL

IOML IONP IOP IOPD

IORT

IOTLAP

IP IPA

IPD

IPF

IPG IPGG

IPH IPJ IPK IPL

IPM IPN IPOP IPP IPPA IPPB IPPI-O IPPR IPPV

instillation intensive ; intercursus (intercourse) ; internal ; interval ; intrinsicus (intrinsic) intermediate; intermittent intermediate interpretation international intoxicated ; intoxication intensive lonium input and output input and output inferior oblique ; intestinal obstruction ; infra-ocular infra-operative digital subtraction angio-graphy infra-osseous infusion infra-ocular lens infra orbito-meatal line ischemic optic neuro-pathy infra-ocular pressure infectious oral papillomatosis of dogs infra-operative radio-therapy infra-operative trans-luminal angio-plasty internal pressure ; infra-peritonea 1; infra-phalengeal Independent Practice Association ; iso-propyl alcohol inflammatory pelvic disease; inter-pedunculated distance; inter-pupillary distance ; intermittent peritoneal dialysis idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis impedance plethysmography gradient impedance plethysmo-graphy gradient idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis inter-phalangeal joint intractable planter keratosis inter-pupillary line inches per minute infectious pancreatic necrosis immediate post-operative prosthesis inflatable penile prosthesis ; intermittent positive pressure inspection, percussion, palpation, auscultation intermittent positive pressure breathing intermittent positive pressure inflation with oxygen intermittent positive pressure respiration intermittent positive pressure ventilation

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS IPS IPSID IPSP IPTG IPTH i.q. IQ Ir IR IRA IRAHC IRB IRBBB IRC IRDS IREM IR&F IRF IRG IRGH IRHGH IRI IRIA IRI/G IRMA IRMVA IRV

is

ISC I.S.C.L.T. I.S.C.V ISDN ISF ISFET ISG ISH ISIS ISK I.S.L. ISMA ISO.

inferior petrosal sinus; infundibular pulmonic stenosis immuno-proliferative small intestinal disease inhibitory post-synaptic potential iso-propyl-thio-galactoside immuno-reactive para-thyroid hormone idem quod (the same as) intelligence quotient Iridium immune response ; inferior rectus ; inguinal region; internal radius; internal resistance; internal response ileo-rectal anastomosis ; immuno-radio-assay immuno-radio-assayable human chorionic Institutional Review Board incomplete right bundle branch block inspiratory reserve capacity idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome internal roentgen equivalent, man internal reduction and fixation internal reduction and fixation immune response genes; immuno-reactive glucagon immuno-reactive growth hormone immuno-reactive human growth hormone immuno-reactive insulin indirect radio-immuno-assay immuno-reactive insulin / glucose (ratio) immuno-radio-metric assay intea-retinal micro-vascular abnormalities inspiratory reserve volume ; inverse ratio ventilation immune serum; immune suppressor; incentive spirometer; inner surface; intercostal space irreversible sickle cell International Society for Clinical Laboratory Technology International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery iso-sorbide di-nitrate internal spermatic fascia; inter-stitial fluid ion-sensitive field-effect transducer immune serum globulin icteric serum hepatitis International Studies on Infarct Survival inter-stitial keratitis International Society of Lymphology intrinsic sympatho-mimetic activity isoproterenol

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

I.S.O. ISS IST I.S.U. ISW IT I.T.A . ITA ITGT

ITLC ITLC-SG

ITP

ITT IU IUCD IUD

IUFB IUFM IUGR

IUP IUT IUU-1 IUU-2 IV Wag IVAP

IVBAT

IVC

IVCC IVCCP IVCD IVCG IVCP

International Standards Organization injury severity score; ion scattering spectroscopy insulin sensitivity test ; insulin shock therapy International Society of Urology inter-stitial water inhalation therapy; intensive therapy; intra-tracheal International Tuberculosis Association internal thoracic artery ; intraoperative transluminal angioplasty intra-thoracic glucose tolerance instant thin-layer chromatography instant thin-layer chromatography silica gel idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura; inosine triphosphate; intra-thoracic pressure insulin tolerance test ; internal tibial torsion immunizing unit ; International Unit; intra-uterine intra-uterine contraceptive device intra-uterine death; intra-uterine device intra-uterine foreign body intra-uterine fetal malnourished intra-uterine growth rate; intra-uterine growth retardation intra-uterine pregnancy intra-uterine transfusion ipsilateral (end-to-end) uretero-ureterostomy unilateral ipsilateral (end-to-end) uretero-ureterostomy bilateral inter-ventricular; inter-vertebral; intra-vascular ; intra-venous (injection); intra-venously ; intra-vertebral intra-vaginal in vivo adhesive platelet intra-vascular bronchio-alveolar tumor inferior versa cava; inspiratory vital capacity ; intravascular coagulation intra-vascular consumption coagulation; intravascular consumption coagulopathy intra-vascular consumption coagulo-pathy intra-ventricular conduction defect; intra-ventricular conduction delay inferior vena cava-graphy; intra-venous cholangiogram; intra-venous cholangio-graphy inferior vena cava pressure

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS IVD IVDU

IVF IVF-ET

IVGTT

IVH IVHA

IVIGG

IVJC IVP IVPB

IVPG

IVR IVs

IVSD

IVSP IVT IVU IVUG IW IWMCI IWMI No.

inter-vertebral disk; intea-venous drug intea-venous drug user intea-vascular fluid; in vitro fertilization in vitro fertilization embryo transplant intea-venous glucose tolerance test intea-ventricular hemorrhage intea-venous hyper-alimentation intea-venous immune gamma-globulin inter-vertebral joint complex inter-ventricular pressure; intea-venous pyelogram intea-venous piggy-back intea-venous pyelo-gram; intea-venous pyelo-graphy idio-ventricular rhythm inter-ventricular septum inter-ventricular septa] defect inter-ventricular septal perforation intea-venous transfusion intea-venous urogram ; intea-venous urography intea-venous uro-gram; intea-venous uro-graphy isotopic weight inferior wall myo-cardial infarction inferior wall myocardial infarction Ixodes ; ixodiasis ; ixodic; Ixodidae; ixodin; ixomyelitis

J Ja. JAMA Jan. JBE JBJS JCA JCAH JCAHO JCD JC1 JCS jct. J.D. jej. JEM JF JG JGC JGCT JGGI ii JKP Jl. Jn. JN JNB JND Jnr. int. JODM

jail; Japan; Japanese ; jaundice ; jaw; jerk ; jet; Jewish ; job; jog; jogging; joint; joule; journal; juice; jump; junior January Journal of the American Medical Association

January Japanese B encephalitis

Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

juvenile chronic arthritis Joint Commission for Accreditation of Hospitals Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease Journal of Clinical Investigation

Jakob-Creutzfeldt syndrome junction Juris Doctor (Doctor of Jurisprudence) ; Jurum Doctor (Doctor of Laws) jejunum Journal of Experimental Medicine

joint fluid; joint force; jugular foramen; jugular fossa jugular ganglion; juxta-glomerular juxta-glomerular cell juxta-glomerular cell tumor juxta-glomerular granulation index jaw jerk jack-knife position (reclining position) July June Jamaican neuropathy jaundice of newborn (icterus neonatorum) just noticeable difference junior joint juvenile onset diabetes mellitus

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

JP JPC JPET JPS Jr. JRA J.R.C JS J .S.D. jt. JTC jts. JTT JU Jul. Jun. juscul . Juv. jux. JV JVD JVP JW JXG JYF

jugular process; jugular pulse; juxta-position ; juxta-pyloric junctional premature contraction Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics joint position sense junior juvenile rheumatoid arthritis Junior Red Cross juxta-spinal ; Jarvis' snare; Joffroy's sign Juris Scientiae Doctor (Doctor of juristic Science) joint junctional tachy-cardia joints Jaeger's test types Jacob's ulcer July June jusculum (soup) juvenile juxta (near) jugular vein; jugular venous jugular vein distention jugular venous pressure ; jugular venous pulse javel water; Javelle water ; jaw winking juvenile xantho-granuloma jungle yellow fever

k K K+ Ka Kb Kd Ke

Keq Kh K. Km KW K35 Ka KA KAF KAFO KBD KBGS KBr kc Kcal KCC K-cell KCG kCi KCI KCIO3 KCN K2CO 3 KCP

Boltzmann's constant; kilokalium (potassium) ; Kelvin ; kerasin; keratin; keratome ; kerosene ; kidney ; killer ; kilometer; kinetic; kinetics ; knife; thousand ; vitamin K kalium ion (potassium ion) acid dissociation constant base dissociation constant dissociation constant total exchangeable potassium equilibrium constant hydrolysis constant ionization constant Michaelis constant water specific constant Kolman (a urology instrument) cathode (from German : kathodos) keto-acidosis conglutinogen activating factor knee-ankle-foot orthosis Kashin-Beck disease Kell blood group system kalium-bromide (potassium-bromide) kilo-cycle kilo-calorie kathodal closing contraction (cathodal closing contraction) killer cell kineto-cardio-gram kilo-Curie kalium-chloride (potassium-chloride) kalium-chlorate (potassium-chlorate) kalium-cyanide (potassium-cyanide) kalium-carbonate (potassium-carbonate) knee-chest position

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

kcps KCT KD KDA KDT keV KF KFAB KFF KFR KFS kg KG kg.-cal . KGPS KGS KHCO3 KHD KHF KHLHC kHz KI KISSC KIU kJ KJ KJR KK kl kL KLS km KM KMI KMnO kms KMV KMW kn. KNO 2 KNO 3

122

kilo-cycles per second kathodal closure tetanus (cathodal closure tetanus) kathodal duration (cathodal duration) ; kissing disease (infectious mononucleosis) known drug allergies kathodal duration tetanus (cathodal duration tetanus) kilo-electron-volt kidney function kidney fixing anti-body Kaiser Family Foundation Kayser-Fleischer ring Klippel-Feil syndrome kilo-gram kinder-garden (German: garden of children) kilo-gram-calorie kilo-grams per second keto-genic steroid kalium-bicarbonate (potassium-bicarbonate) kinky hair disease ; kyphoscoliotic heart disease killer helper factor key-hole limpet hemo-cyanine kilo-Hertz kalium-iodide (potassium-iodide) kidney internal split stent catheter kallikrein inhibiting unit kilo-joule knee jerk knee jerk reflex knee kick; knock-knee kilo-liter (kilo-litre) kilo-liter (kilo-litre) kidneys, liver, spleen kilo-meter (kilo-metre) Kanamycin ; kilo-meter (kilo-metre) Kohler's method of illumination kalium-permanganate (potassium-permanganate) kilometers per second (kilometres per second) killed measles virus killed measles virus vaccine knee; knot; know; knowledge ; known kalium-nitrite (potassium-nitrite) kalium-nitrate (potassium-nitrate)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

KO KOC

KOH koros . KP kPa KPA KPTT Kr KS K2 S 17-KS KSC K2S03 K2S04 KST KT KTM KUB K2U20 7 KUS kV KV WA KVE KVO kVp kW KW kWhr KWI

kymo.

knocked out ; knock-out kathodal opening contraction (cathodal opening contraction) kalium-hydroxide (potassium-hydroxide) koroscopy keratitic precipitates ; keratitis punctata; kraurosis penis kilo-Pascal kidney plasminogen activator kaolin partial thromboplastin time Krypton Kallmann's syndrome; Kanner's syndrome; Kaposi's sarcoma; Kaposi's syndrome; Karnofsky scale; keto-steroid; kidney stone; Korsakoff's syndrome kalium-sulfide (potassium-sulfide) 17-keto-steroid kathodal closing contraction (cathodal closing contraction) kalium-sulfite (potassium-sulfite) kalium-sulfate (potassium-sulfate) kathodal closing tetanus (cathodal closing tetanus) Kahn test; Kenny treatment; Krukenberg's tumor kata-thermo-meter (cathathermometer) kidneys, ureters, bladder (abdominal X-ray) kalium-uranate (potassium-uranate) kidneys, ureters, spleen kilo-volt killed vaccine ; killed virus; kraurosis vulvae (kraurosis of the vulva) kilo-volt-ampere Kaposi's varicelliform eruption keep vein open kilo-volt peak kilo-watt kidney worm kilo-watt per hour kidney worm infection kymogram ; kymography; kymoscope

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© 1 L

left liter (litre) laboratory; language; late; latex; Latin ; lead; leak; leakage ; left; leg ; lemon; length ; lesbian ; lethal ; leucine ; light ; lightning ; lingual ; liter (litre) ; liver; long; lower; lumbar; lung L limes death limes Lo zero; lymphatic - no invasion L1 first lumber vertebrae ; lymphatic - superficial invasion L2 lymphatic - deep invasion ; second lumber vertebrae L3 third lumber vertebrae La. lege artis (according to art) La Lanthanum L&A light and accommodation (reaction of pupil) LA labio-axial ; lactic acid; latex agglutination ; left anterior; left arm ; left atrial; left atrium ; left auricle; linguo-axial; local anesthesia; long-acting; lymphocyte activating LAA left atrial appendage; leukocyte ascorbic acid LAAV lymph-adenopathy associated virus LAB laboratory LABVT left atrial ball valve thrombus lac. lactose LAC left atrial contraction ; long-arm cast LAD lactic acid dehydrogenase ; left anterior descending ; left axis deviation ; leukocyte adhesion deficiency LAE left atrial enlargement laev. laevus (left) LAF lymphocyte-activating factor LAFB left anterior fascicular block lag . lagena (flask) LAG labio-axio-gingival ; lymph-angio-gram LAH left atrial hypertrophy LAHB left anterior hemi-block LAI leukocyte adherence inhibition 125

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS LAIA LAIT LAK LAK cell LAL lam lamin . Ian . LANC LAO lap . LAP LAPAV LAPS LAR LAS LASER LASHB lat . lat . men. LATS LATSP LAVH lb. LB LBB LBBB LBCD LBD LBF LBGS LBL LBM LBO LBP LBPP lbs. LBS LBT LBWI

leukemia-associated inhibitory activity latex agglutination inhibition test augmented autologus lymphocytes lymphokine-activated killer cell limulus amebocyte lysate (for measuring endotoxin) laminectomy ; laminotomy laminectomy ; laminotomy language long-arm navicular cast left anterior oblique laparotomy left atrial pressure ; leucine amino-peptidase; leukocyte alkaline phosphatase ; lyophilized anterior pituitary lymph-ade no-pathy associated virus lymph-adeno-pathy syndrome left arm recumbent; low anterior resection (of rectum) left axis shift; lymph-adenopathy syndrome Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation left anterior superior hemi-block lateral lateral meniscectomy long-acting thyroid stimulator long-acting thyroid stimulator protector laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy libra (pound) large bowel; low back; live birth left bundle branch left bundle branch block left border of cardiac dullness left border dullness Lactobacillus bulgaricus factor ; liver blood flow Lewis blood group system lympho-blastic lymphoma lean-body mass large bowel obstruction low back pain ; low blood pressure lower brachial plexus paralysis pounds leather bottle stomach (linitis plastica); limy bile syndrome louse-borne typhus ; lupus band test low birth weight infant

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

I.C .

loco citado (in the place cited)

laparoscopic cholecystectomy; lethal concentration; ligament of Cooper ; linguo-cervical ; liquid chromatography; low calorie; low concentration LCA left circumflex artery ; left colic artery ; left coronary artery ; leukocyte common antigen LCAT lecithin cholesterol acyl-transferase LCCS low cervical cesarean section LCD Liquid Crystal Display ; liquor carbonis detergens; lobster-claw deformity LCFA long-chain fatty acid liquid chromato-graphy LCG LCIS lobular carcinoma in-situ LCL large cell leukemia ; lympho-cytic leukemia lympho-cytic lympho-sarcoma LCLS LCM left costal margin; lymphatic chorio-meningitis LCP Legg-Calve-Perthes (disease) LCS lateral cerebral sulcus LCTG liquid crystal thermo-gram; long-chain tri-glyceride LCWI left cardiac work index l.d. loco dolenti (to the painful spot) LD large dose; learning defect; learning disorder ; learning disturbance; Leber's disease; left deltoid; Legionnaires' disease; lethal dose; lie detector ; light difference ; limited dose ; liquid diet; Little's disease (cerebral palsy) ; loco disease; low dose; Lyme disease lethal LD50 dose - 50% (median) LD 100 lethal dose - 100% (invariable) LDA left descending artery ; left dorso-anterior LDCC lectin-dependent cellular cytoxicity LDH lactate de-hydrogenase; lactic de-hydrogenase LDHG lactate de-hydro-genase; lactic de-hydro-genase LDHG virus lactic de-hydro-genase virus LDLP low-density lipo-protein LDLPC low-density lipo-protein cholesterol LDP left dorso-posterior (fetus position) LDR labor, delivery, recovery L.D.S. Licentiate in Dental Surgery LDUB long double upright brace LDV lateral distant view LE left eye; lower extremity; lupus erythematosus LEA lower extremity amputation LC

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

LE cell LED LE factor LEOPARD

LEOS LE prep. LES LESP LE test leu . lev. LF LFA LFAP LFD LFO UP LFPPV LFT LG LGA LGB LGF LGH LGL LGN LGS LGT lgth. LGV LH 128

lupus erythematosus cell light-emitting diode ; lupus erythematosus disease; lupus erythematosus disseminatus lupus erythematosus factor Lentigines, Electrocardiographic abnormalities, Ocular hypertelorism, Pulmonary stenosis, Abnormalities of genitalia, Retardation of growth, sensori-neural Deafness Lasers and Electro-Optics Society lupus erythematosus (cell) preparation local excitatory state; lower esophageal sphincter lower esophageal sphincter pressure lupus erythematosus (cell) test leucine levis (light) Lassa fever ; lenticular fossa ; limit flocculation; lipotropic factors ; liver failure ; liver flap (asterixis) ; liver function; lower left; low fat ; low forceps; low frequency left femoral artery ; left fore-arm ; left fronto-anterior (fetus position) low friction arthro-plasty lactose-free diet; least fatal dose; low-fat diet; low forceps delivery limbus fossa ovalis left fronto-posterior (fetus position) low-frequency positive-pressure ventilation latex flocculation test; left fronto-transverse (fetus position) ; liver function test labial glands ; lacrimal gland ; large; left gluteal ; linguo-gingival ; Littre's glands (urethral glands) ; lympho-graphy large for gestational age low grade bleeding ; Landry-Guillain-Barre (syndrome) low grade fever lacto-genic hormone Lown-Ganong-Levine (syndrome); large granular lymphocyte lateral geniculate nucleus ; lobular glomerulo-nephritis Lennox-Gastut syndrome low grade temperature length lympho-granuloma venereum left hand; left heart; low heat; luteinizing hormone

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

LHF LHFSH LHL LHRF LHS LHT Li LI LIAFI lib. LIBC LiBr LIBS LICM Li2C03 LICS LIF LIFO LIFT fig . LIH LIHR LIMA Lin . ac. LINAC Li20 LiOH liq . LIR LIS LIVIM LK Lkc. LKP LKS LL LLB LLC LLCG LLE LLF LLL

left heart failure luteinizing hormone follicle-stimulating hormone left hepatic lobe luteinizing hormone-releasing factor left hand side left hyper-tropia ; light Lithium linguo-incisal ; labelling index (labeling index) late infantile amaurotic familiar idiocy liberal ; libidinous ; libido ; library latent iron-binding capacity lithium-bromide Lendrum's inclusion-body stain left inter-costal margin lithium-carbonate left inter-costal space left iliac fossa; leukocyte inhibitory factor Last In, First Out lymphocyte immuno-fluorescent test ligament; ligamenta ; ligementum left inguinal hernia laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair left internal mammary artery linear acceleration; linear accelerator linear acceleration; linear accelerator lithium-oxide lithium-hydroxide liquid ; liquor (a liquor; liquid) left iliac region left intercostal space ; lobular in-situ lethal intestinal virus of infant mice left kidney ; left knee leukocyte lamellar kerato-plasty liver, kidneys, spleen large lymphocyte; left leg; left lower; left lung; lower lobe long-leg brace liquid-liquid chromatography ; long-leg cast liquid-liquid chromato-graphy left lower extremity Laki-Lorand factor left lower leg; left lower lobe; left lower lung 129

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

LLQ LLR LLRP LLS lm. LM LM427 LMA LMCA LMF LML LMM LMN LMND LMP LMT LMWD LMWH LN LNG LNMP LNPF LO LOA LOB LOC LOCS LOD log . LOL LOM LOP LOPP LOQ LOR LOS lot. LOT LOW

left lower quadrant left lumbar region left lateral recumbent position lazy leukocyte syndrome; long-leg splint lumen linguo-medial Ansamycin left mento-anterior (fetus position) left main coronary artery ; left middle cerebral artery leukocyte mitogenic factor left medial lateral ; left middle lobe lentigo maligna melanoma lower motor neuron lower motor neuron disease last menstrual period; left mento-posterior (fetus position) left mento-transverse (fetus position) low molecular weight dextran low molecular weight heparin lipoid nephrosis ; lupus nephritis ; lymph node liquefied natural gas last normal menstrual period lymph node permeability factor libidinal object (love object) ; linguo-occlusal leave of absence ; left occipito-anterior (fetus position) ; level of activities ; level of activity loss of blood; loss of brain; loss of bone laxative of choice; level of consciousness ; local; locate ; location ; loss of consciousness lens opacities classification system lack of data logarithm left occipito-lateral (fetus position) lack of medicine; left otitis media; loss of motion left occipito-posterior (fetus position) Leukeran, Oncovin, Procarbazine, Prednisone lower outer quadrant law of refreshment length of stay; length of surgery lotio (lotion) left occipito-transverse (fetus position) low on water

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

UP LP LPA LPC LPD l.p .f. LPF LPFB LPG LPH LPHB LPL I.P .M . LPN LPO LPOCA LPS LPV LQ Lr L-R L&R LR LRA L.R .C .P L.R .C .S . LRD L.R .F.PS. LRH LRI LRM LRQ LRS LRT US US L.S .

lactate / pyruvate (ratio) latency period ; light perception ; lightning pain ; lipo-protein ; low power; low pressure ; low protein; lumbar puncture ; lymphoid plasma latex partial agglutination ; left pulmonary artery lead pipe contraction low protein diet low-power field (microscope) leukocytosis-promoting factor ; low-pressure fluid ; lymphocytosis-promoting factor left posterior fascicular block liquefied propane gas lipotropic hormone; lipotropin left posterior hemi-block lipo-protein lipase liters per minute (litres per minute) Licensed Practical Nurse left posterior oblique (fetus position) Leucogen, Prednisone, Oncovin, Cytarabine, Adriamycin lead-pencil stools ; lipo-poly-saccharide left pulmonary vein lower quadrant Lawrencium left to right; move from left to right left and right labor room ; lateral rectus ; laughter reflex ; light reaction ; light reflex ; light-resistant; lower right low rectal anastomosis Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians Licentiate of the Royal College of Surgeons local regional disease Licentiate of the Royal Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons luteinizing-releasing hormone lacted Ringer's injection; lower respiratory illness left radical mastectomy lower right quadrant lactated Ringer's solution lower respiratory tract lecithin : sphingomyelin (ratio) lecithin / sphingomyelin (ratio) locus sigilli (place of the seal; place of the signature)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

LS

left side; leg surgery; love-sick; lumbo-sacral ; lympho-sacral LSA left sacro-anterior (fetus position) left scapular border ; left sternal border LSB left scapulo-anterior (fetus position) LScA liquid-solid chromato-graphy LSCG left scapulo-posterior (fetus position) LScP LSCS lower segment cesarean section LSCV left sub-clavian vein LSD least significant digit; lipid storage disease; low-salt diet; lumpy skin disease (virus) ; lysergic acid diethylamide LSF low saturated fat (diet) LSH lutein-stimulating hormone; lymphocyte-stimulating hormone LS1 large-scale integration LSK liver, spleen, kidneys LSL left sacro-lateral (fetus position) LSM late systolic murmur LSO lumbo-sacral orthosis LSP left sacro-posterior (fetus position) LSS life-saving service ; life-saving station ; life-support system ; low-salt syndrome ; lumbo-sacral spine LST last simple trial; left sacro-transverse (fetus position); light sense tester LT left thigh; left turn ; leuko-triene ; levo-thyroxine ; ligament of Treitz; light; low tension; lung transplantation ; lympho-toxin lipo-teichoic acid LTA laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis LTB leuko-triene 4 B4 LTB long-term care LTC leuko-triene C4 LTC4 long-term-care facility LTCF ltd. limited LTD limited; long-term diagnosis LTF lymphocyte-transforming factor LTH luteo-tropic hormone (prolactin) LTM laryngo-tracheo-malacia; long-term memory UP long-term prognosis LTR letter ; lighter; long terminal repeat LTS laryngo-tracheal stenosis; long-term survival 132

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

I TT Lu L&U LU LUE Lues I Lues II Lues III LUL LUQ LURF IV LVAD LVB LVD LVDP LVDV LVE LVEDP LVEDV LVEF LVESV LVET LVF LVH LVHT LVN LVP LVPP/LVET LVR LVS LVSP LVSV LVSW LVSWI LVTP LVW L&W

lymphocyte transformation test Lutetium left and upper large unit; left upper; ligature of ureter left upper extremity primary syphilis secondary syphilis tertiary syphilis left upper limb; left upper lobe ; left upper lung left upper quadrant luteinized un-ruptured follicle leave; left ventricle; leukemia virus ; leukopheresis vulvae ; live virus ; live; low viscosity ; low voltage ; lues venerea (syphilis) ; lumbar vertebra ; lupus vulgaris left ventricular assist device Lomustine, Vinblastine, Bleomycin left ventricular dysfunction left ventricular diastolic pressure left ventricular diastolic volume left upper extremity ; left ventricular ejection ; left ventricular enlargement left ventricular end-diastolic (transmural) pressure left ventricular end-diastolic volume left ventricular ejection fraction left ventricular end-systolic volume left ventricular ejection time left ventricular failure ; low-voltage foci left ventricular hypertrophy left ventricular hyper-trophy Licensed Visiting Nurse ; Licensed Vocational Nurse left ventricular pressure ; lysine vaso-pressin left ventricular preelection period / left ventricular ejection time Leucovorin (Citrovorum factor) left ventricular strain left ventricular systolic pressure left ventricular stroke volume left ventricular stroke work left ventricular stroke work index left ventricular transmular pressure left ventricular wall; left ventricular width living and well 13 3

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

LW LWM lx. lymphs . lys. lyso. lyx. LZ

low water Lee-White method lux lymphocytes lysin; lysine ; lyssoid lysolecithin lyxose ligament of Zinn

~,A ~Ic

[,C ~tCi [tEq . [,F ltg ~,I [,1 ~tL Rm PM

Wg JAnlnl ~tP [,R Rs [,sec ~tu IN IuW [WCi

leg m [t MSaFP m. M

letter m in Greek; mass absorption coefficient ; micro- ; Micron; population mean ; the heavy chain of IgM micro-ampere micro-calorie; calorie micro-Coulomb micro-Curie micro-equivalent micro-Farad micro-gram micro-ampere micro-liter (micro-litre) micro-liter (micro-litre) micro-meter (micro-metre) micro-molar micro-milli-gram micro-milli-meter (micro-milli-metre) micro-processor micro-Roentgen micro-second micro-second micro-unit micro-volt micro-watt micro-micro-Curie (pico-Curie) micro-micro-gram (pico-gram) milli-micron maternal serum alpha-feto-protein murmur mass ; median ; meter (metre); milli- ; misce (mix); mistura (mixture); musculus (muscle) macerate ; magnetic ; main ; major; male ; man; manual; married; marrow ; mass ; maximum; maximal; meaning; measurement ; medication ; medicine ; medium ; meeting; mega- ; Megestrol; men; mesial ; metastasis ; meter

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

(metre); Methionine; Mexican; Mexico; mice; middle ; mile; milk; minimum; minimal ; minor; minute ; mistake; Mitomycin; mitotic ; mix; mixture; molar; mole; Monday; monkey; month; morning; mother ; mouse; mouth; mucoid ; multiply ; multiple ; murmur; muscle ; music; mute ; myopia m2 square meter (square metre) M1 closure - first sound mitralvalve M2 mitral valve closure - second sound MO tumor with no distant metastasis M1 tumor with distant metastasis left ML electrode right MK electrode mA milli-ampere Ma March; Masurium (Technetium) M.A. Magister Artium (Master of Arts) MA mandelic acid ; mean arterial ; Medic Alert; Mediterranean anemia (Thalassemia); menstrual age; mental age MAA macro-aggregated albumin; melanoma-associated antigen MABOP Mechlorethamine, Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Oncovin, Prednisone MABP mean arterial blood pressure mac. macerate (macerate) MAC maximum allowable concentration; membrane attack complex; Methotrexate, Adriamycin, Cytoxan; Mycobacterium avium complex Methotrexate, Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide, CCNU MACC membrane attack complex inhibitor MACI MACOP-B Methotrexate, Adriamycin, Cytoxan, Oncovin, Prednisone, Bleomycin Master of the American College of Physicians M.A.C.P Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study MACS maximal acid output MAD MAE move all extremities MAF macrophage activation factor; macrophage agglutination factor mag. magnification; magnify ; magnitude; magnus (large) MAgF macrophage agglutination factor MAHA micro-angiopathic hemolytic aneurysm MAI Mycobacterium avium intracellularis maximum allowable ingredient concentration MAIC mid-axillary line MAL 136

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

malig. mam. MAM man. manip. MAO MAGI MAP MAPF Mar. MAS MASER MASH mass. mast . MAST MAT MATB matut. MAVIS max. m.b. Mb M.B. MB M.B.A. MBA M-BACOD MBAP MBC MBD

malignant mamma (breast) ; mammosus (mammose) methyl-azo-methanol manikin; manipulation ; manipulus (a handful) ; manual ; manus manipulation ; manipulus (handful) maximum acid output ; mono-amine oxidase mono-amine oxidase inhibitor mean aortic pressure ; mean arterial pressure ; megaloblastic anemia of pregnancy; methy-acetoxyprogestrone; muscle-action potential micro-atomized protein food March; margin ; marginal ; margination meconium aspiration syndrome ; milk-alkali syndrome ; movement alarm signal Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation; Molecular Application by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Mobile Army Surgical Unit massa (mass) mastalgia; mastication; masturbation medical anti-shock trousers ; Michigan Alcohol Screening Test; military anti-shock treatment; military anti-shock trousers Miller-Abbott tube Mycobacterium avium tuberculosis matutinus (in the morning) mobile artery and vein imaging system maxillary; maximus (maximum) misce bene (mix well) myoglobin Medicinae Baccalaureus (Bachelor of Medicine) main block; mega-byte; mesio-buccal ; methylene blue Master of Business Administration Mechlorethamine (Nitrogen mustard; HN2) ; methyl-bovine albumin Methotrexate, Bleomycin, Adriamycin, Cytoxan, Oncovin, Dexamethasone megalo-blastic anemia of pregnancy maximum breathing capacity ; Methotrexate, Bleomycin, Cisplatin; minimal bactericidal concentration Methotrexate, Bleomycin, DDP; methylene blue dye; minimal brain damage; minimal brain dysfunction 13 7

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

MBDS MBF MBK MBL MBO MBP MBSA me mC Mc M+C M&C M.C. MC

MCA MCAB MCAT MCB MCBF MCBR MCCF MCCNU MCCU MCD MCDF MCF MCF-A mcg MCGF M.Ch. MCH MCHA MCHC

minimal brain dysfunction syndrome mean blood flow methyl-butyl-ketone menstrual blood loss; minimal bactericidal level mesio-bucco-occlusal mean blood pressure; melitensis, bovine, porcine; mesio-bucco-pulpal; Methotrexate, Bleomycin, Platinol; myelin basic protein methylated bovine serum albumin milli-Curie milli-Coulomb mega-cycle morphine and cocaine morphine and cocaine Magister Chirurgiae (Master of Surgery) ; Medical Corps major cut; mast cell ; mature cataract; maximum concentration; medical case; mega-Curie; mero-cyanine ; meta-carpal; mineralo-corticoid; minor cut; myo-carditis ; Mitomycin C Megestrol, Cytoxan, Adriamycin ; mid-colic artery ; middle cerebral artery ; multiple congenital anomaly mono-clonial anti-body Medical College Admission Test myo-cardial band myo-cardial blood flow minimum concentration of bili-rubin myo-cardial contractile force methy-CCNU (MeCCNU; Semustine) mobile coronary care unit mean cell diameter ; mean corpuscular diameter; medullary cystic disease; myo-cardial disease myo-cardial depressant factor macrophage chemotactic factor; malignant catarrhal fever; Mitoxantrone, Cytoxan, Fluorouracil ; myo-cardial fibrosis malignant catarrhal fever - African micro-gram most cell growth factor Magister Chirurgiae (Master of Surgery) mean corpuscular hemoglobin ; medical case history muscle-contraction head-ache mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

MCHg MCHgC MCi

MCi MCI mCid mCih MCL MCLD MCM MCP MCPB MCPJ Mc.p .s. MCR MCR-S M-CSF MCT M-CT CG MCTD MCTG MCTS MCV m.d. Md M.D. MD

MDA MDAC MDC MDF MDHG MDI

M

mean corpuscular hemo-globin mean corpuscular hemo-globin concentration milli-Curie mega-Curie mean cardiac index; myo-cardial infarction milli-Curie-day milli-Curie-hour medial collateral ligament; mid-clavicular line ; midcostal line; most comfortable loudness meta-chromatic leuko-dystrophy major cross match Melphalan, Cytoxan, Prednisone ; meta-carpophalangeal membranous cyto-plasmic body meta-carpo-phalangeal joint mega-cycles per second metabolic clearance rate metabolic clearance rate of steroid macrophage colony-stimulating factor mean circulation time; mean corpuscular thickness; medullary carcinoma of thyroid metrizamide computed tomography cisterno-gram; metrizamide computed tomography cisternography mixed connective tissue disease medium-chain tri-glyceride Medi-Cal transaction software mean corpuscular volume more dicto (as directed) Mendelevium Medicinae Doctor (Doctor of Medicine) maximum dose; McArdle's disease; medical doctor ; Meniere's disease; mental deficiency ; mentally deficient; mesio-distal; minimum dose ; muscular dystrophy; myo cardial damage ; myocardial disease; mini-disc mento-dextra anterior (fetus position) ; 3,4-methylenedioxy-amphetamine; minimum detectable activity multiple dose-activated charcoal minimum detectable concentration multiple daily fractionation; myocardial depressant factor maleate de-hydro-genase manic-depressive illness; multiple daily injection 13 9

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

MDM mdnt. MDP MDR MDRTB M.D.S. MDS MDT MDUO MDY Me M:E M/E ME 2-ME MEA MEAP MECC McCCNU med. MED MEDAC MEDLARS MEDLINE MEF MEFR MEFV MEG megaMEGX MEK MEL MELASE MEM MEMS m.e.n. MEN MEN-1 140

mid-diastolic murmur mid-night major duodenal papilla; manic-depressive psychosis; mento-dextra posterior (fetus position); muramyl-dipeptide manic-depressive reaction ; minimum daily requirement; multi-drug resistance multi-drug resistant tuberculosis Master of Dental Surgery myelo-dyplastic syndrome mento-dextra transverse (fetus position) myocardial disease of unknown origin month, date, year methyl myeloid cell : erythroid cell (ratio) myeloid cell / erythroid cell (ratio) macular edema; Medical Examiner; middle ear 2-mercapto-ethanol mercapto-ethyl-amine ; multiple endocrine abnormalities multiple endocrine adeno-pathy multiplicative expanding cell compartment methyl-CCNU (MCCNU; Semustine) median; medical; medicamentum (medicine) minimal effective dose; minimal erythema dose Multiple Endocrine Deficiency Autoimmune Candidiasis Medical Literature and Retrieval System MEDLARS' on-line segment maximum expiratory flow maximum expiratory flow rate maximum expiratory flow volume magneto-encephalo-gram ; magneto-encephalo-graphy one million mono-ethyl-glycine-xylidide methyl-ethyl-ketone mouse erythro-leukemia; murine erythro-leukemia Mitochondrial Encephalopathy Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-like Episode macrophage electrophoretic mobility (test) ; memory Medical Event Monitoring System mane et nocte (morning and night) multiple endocrine neoplasia multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

MEN-2 MEN-3 MEP MEPP mEq mEq/1 mEq/L MER m.e.s. MET META mets . meV MeV MEV m.f. mF MF

MFAT MFATc MFCG MFD mfg. MFGDA MFH MFHC MFP MFR MF-SS MFT mg mg% Mg MG mg/cc MgCl2 mg/dl mg/dL

multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 multiple endocrine neoplasia type 3 motor-evoked potential miniature end-plate potential milli-equivalent milli-equivalent per liter (milli-equivalent per litre) milli-equivalent per liter (milli-equivalent per litre) mean ejection rate ; methanol extraction residue misce et signa (mix and write) metabolic equivalent of task micro-encapusulated tumor assay metastasis milli-electron volt mega-electron volt (million electron volts) mega-electron volt (million electron volts) mistura fiat (let a mixture be made) milli-Farad macula flava; Malta fever; Mediterranean fever (brucellosis); medium frequency; micro-Farad; microscopic factor ; Mitomycin, Fluorouracil ; mycosis fungoides multi-focal atrial tachycardia multi-focal atrial tachy-cardia Mycosis Fungoides Cooperative Group mid-forceps delivery; minimum fatal dose manufacturing milk-fat globule-derived antigen malignant fibrous histiocytoma malignant fibrous histio-cytoma mono-fluoro-phosphate mucus flow rate mycosis fungoides Sezary syndrome muscle function test milli-gram milli-grams percentage Magnesium main gate; main group; Marcus Gunn (pupil); Mecklel's ganglion; mesio-gingival ; methyl glucoside; muscle group; myasthenia gravis milli-grams per cubic centimeter magnesium-chloride milli-grams per deci-liter (milli-grams per deci-litre) milli-grams per deci-liter (milli-grams per deci-litre)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

mg/h mgh mg/kg mg/1 mg/L mgm mgmt. MGN Mg0 mgr. MGSA MgS0 3 MgS04 mgt . mgtis . mgtt. MGUS mH MH MHA MHAA-TP MHC MHCC MHD MHMA MHN MHPG MHR MHVD MHW MHz mi . MI MIA MIBG MIBK MIC

14 2

milli-grams per hour milli-gram-hour milli-grams per kilo-gram milli-grams per liter (milli-grams per litre) milli-grams per liter (milli-grams per litre) milli-gram management membranous glomerulo-nephritis magnesium-oxide manager melanoma growth stimulating activity magnesium-sulfite magnesium-sulfate management meningitis micro-guttae (micro-drop) ; mini-guttae (mini-drop) Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance; Monoclonal Gammopathy of Unknown Significance milli-Henry menstrual history ; mental health micro-hem-agglutination ; mixed hem-adsorption micro-hem-agglutination assay for Treponema pallidum Mexican hat cell (target cell) major histo-compatibility complex mean hemolytic dose; minimum hemolytic dose methoxy-hydroxy-mandelic acid massive hepatic necrosis methoxy-hydroxy-phenyl-glycol maximal heart rate Marek's herpes virus disease medial heel wedge mega-Hertz mile maturation index ; mental illness ; mercapto-imidazole ; mesenteric ischemia; mitotic index ; mitral insufficiency missing in action meta-iodo-benzl-guanidine methyl-iso-butyl-ketone Maternal and Infant Care; microbe; microphone; microscope; minimal isorrheic concentration ; minimum inhibitory concentration

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

MICU MID MIF MIFR mil. min. mins . MIO MIP MIPS MIRD MIRI MIS misc. mist . mit. MIT Mito-C mitt. mit. x tal. MIU mixt . Mi Mi MJS mk MK MKC-CSA mks ml. mL M:L M/L ML ML1 ML2 ML3 ML4 MLA

Medical Intensive Care Unit mesio-inciso-distal ; middle ; minimum infective dose; minimum inhibiting dose; multi-infarct dementia micro-immuno-fluorescence; microphage inhibitory factor ; migration inhibitory factor ; mixed-immunofluorescence ; Miillerian inhibitory factor maximum inspiratory flow rate milli-liter (milli-litre) mineral ; minimum (minim) ; minor; minute minutes minimal identifiable odor maximum inspiratory pressure Myocardial Isotope Perfusion Scan Medical Internal Radiation Dose Myocardial Infarction Recovery Index Miillerian inhibiting substance miscarriage ; miscegenation ; miscellaneous mistake ; mistura (mixture) mitte (send) mono-iodo-tyrosine Mitomycin C mitte (send) mitte decam tales (send 10 like this) milli-International Unit mixture milli-Joule mari-juana medial joint space mark monkey kidney ; Munro Kern (maneuver) mega-karyo-cytic colony-stimulating activity marks; meter-kilogram-second milli-liter (milli-litre) milli-liter (milli-litre) monocyte : lymphocyte (ratio) monocyte / lymphocyte (ratio) mesio-lingual; mid-line ; middle lobe ; muco-lipidosis muco-lipidosis type 1 muco-lipidosis type 2 muco-lipidosis type 3 muco-lipidosis type 4 mento-laeva anterior (fetus position); monocytic 14 3

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

MLB MLC MLD MLHc MLI MLNS MLO MLP MLR MLT MLTI MLV MLVP mm . mm M&M MM MMAS MMC mmci MMD MMDA MMEF MMEF25-75% MMEFR MMEP MMF mmg mmHg MMIF MMLV MMMT mmol mmol/l mmol/L M.M .P .

144

leukemia acute monaural loudness balance minimum lethal concentration; mixed leukocyte culture; mixed lymphocyte culture manual lymph drainage; median lethal dose; minimum lethal dose malignant lymphoma histio-cytic mesio-linguo-incisal Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome mesio-linguo-occlusal mento-laeva posterior (fetus position); mesio-linguopulpal mixed lymphocyte reaction mento-laeva transverse (fetus position) mixed lymphocytic-tumor interaction Moloney's leukemogenic virus; mouse leukemia virus mean left ventricular pressure milli-meter (milli-metre) milli-mole milk and molasses ; morbidity and mortality malignant melanoma ; medial malleolus; mucous membrane ; multiple myeloma; muscularis mucosa methionine mal-absorption syndrome minimal medullary concentration; morbidity and mortality conference milli-micro-Curie minimal morbidostatic dose 5-methoxy-3,4-methylene-dioxy-amphetamine maximal mid-expiratory flow mean flow rate during the middle half of the forced expiratory vital capacity maximal mid-expiratory flow rate multi-modality evoked potential mean maximum flow milli-micro-gram (nanogram) milli-meters of mercury (milli-metres of mercury) marcophage migration inhibiting factor Moloney murine leukemia virus malignant mixed mesodermal tumor milli-mole milli-mole-liter (milli-mole-litre) milli-mole-liter (milli-mole-litre) mixture melting point

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

MMPI MMPR MMR MMRG MMRV MMT MMTV MMV MMWR mN Mn M&N MN MNC MNCF MNCV mngr. MNM MNS MNU Mo MO MOB MOB-P MOCA mod. MOD MODEM MODM MODY MOE MOF mol. molal. mol-c moll. mol. Wt

mom

MOMP

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory methyl-mercapto-purine roboside maternal mortality rate; measles, mumps, rubella; midline malignant reticulosis mass miniature radio-graphy measles, mumps, rubella, varicella mouse mammary tumor mouse mammary tumor virus mandatory minute volume Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report milli-normal Manganese morning and night Medical News; mid-night; motor neuron ; myo-neural meatus nasi communis mono-nuclear cell factor motor nerve conduction velocity manager meatus nasi medius meatus nasi superior methyl-nitroso-urea Molybdenum ; Monday; month; mouth mail order; main office ; main operation; major operation; Medical Officer; mesio-occlusal ; mineral oil; money order (bookkeeping abbreviation) Methyldiamine, Oncovin, Bleomycin Mitomycin, Oncovin, Bleomycin, Platinol Methotrexate, Oncovin, Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin modicus (moderate) ; modification ; modify Manager On Duty; mesio-occluso-distal Modulator-Demodulator mature onset diabetes mellitus maturity-onset diabetes of youth movement of extremities McCCNU, Oncovin, Fluorouracil mole ; molecule molality molar concentration mollis (soft) molecular weight middle of month; milk of magnesia Mechlorethamine, Oncovin, Methotrexate, Prednisone 145

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

Mon. monos. MOP MOPP MOPV M.O.R.C. morph. mos . mos mosm M.P. MP

6-MP .P M . .A MPA MPAP MPASI MPAWP MPBS MPC MPD MPDE MPDS MPFT MPGA MPGN M.P .H. MPH MPHR MPI MPJ MPL MPLa 146

Monday monocytes mask of pregnancy; Mechlorethamine, Oncovin, Procarbazine Mechlorethamine, Oncovin, Procarbazine, Prednisone Monovalent Oral Polio virus (Vaccine) ; Monovalent Oral Polio-virus (Vaccine); Monovalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Medical Officers Reserve Corps morphine months milli-osmol milli-osmol mane primo (early in the morning) ; massa pilularam (pill mass); melting point; modo praescripto (in the way prescribed) maculo papules ; major part ; Melphalan, Prednisone ; menstrual period ; Mercapto-Purine (Leukerin; Purinethol); mesio-pulpal ; metatarso-phalangeal ; methyl-prednosolone ; mono-phosphate ; multi-parous ; multi-peace 6-Mercapto-Purine (Leukerin; Purinethol) Master of Public Administration main pulmonary artery ; methyl-prednisolone acetate mean pulmonary artery pressure mantle para-aortic splenic irradiation mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure male pattern baldness scale maximum permissible concentration; Meperidine, Promethazine, Chlorpromazine maximum permissible dose maximum permissible dose equivalent myofacial pain-dysfunction syndrome moving platform fistula test mean projected gestational age membrano-proliferative glomerulo-nephritis Master of Public Health meters per hour (metres per hour); miles per hour maximum predicted heart rate Myocardial Perfusion Imaging metatarso-phalangeal joint maximum permissible level; mesio-pulpo-lingual mesio-pulpo-labial

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

MPM MPMV MPN MPP mps MPS M-PSEUDO MPSS MPU MPV MPX MR M&R MR

MRx1 MRA MRAP MRC MRCP MRCS MRCVS MRD MRF MRFIT MRI MRL MRM MRMIB MRN mRNA MRSA MRSG MRSS MRT MRVP M.S.

meters per minute (metres per minute); miles per minute Mason-Pfizer monkey virus most probable number mercapto-pyrazido-pyrimidine meters per second (metres per second); miles per second muco-poly-saccharidosis ; multi-phasic screening male pseudohermaphroditism (androgyny; hermaphroditism); pseudohermaphroditismus masculinus methyl-prednisolone sodium succinate micro-processor unit metatarsus primus varus multiplex milli-Roentgen measure and record magnetic resonance; major risk ; medial rectus ; medical record ; medical report ; mega-Roentgen; mental retardation; metabolic rate; methyl red; mitral reflux ; mitral regurgitation; mortality rate ; muscle relaxant may repeat once Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Medical Record Administrator mean right atrial pressure Medical Research Council; Medical Reserve Corps Member of the Royal College of Physicians Member of the Royal College of Surgeons Member of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons minimum reacting dose mitral regurgitant flow Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial magnetic resonance imaging major retaining ligament modified radical mastectomy Major Risk Medical Insurance Board malignant renal neoplasm messenger ribo-nucleic acid methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus magnetic resonance spectro-graphy magnetic resonance spectro-scopy maximum recovery time mean right ventricular pressure milli-second; more solito (as accustomed ; in the usual way) 147

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ms M.S. MS

MS-1 MS-2 MSA MSAFP MSB MSBOS M.Sc . MSD MSDP msec. MSER msg. MSG MSH MSHF MSH-IF MSH-RF MSK MSL MSLA MSLT MSO MSOF MSP MSR mss. MSSA MSSU MST MsTh MsTh-1 MsTh-2 MSU MSUD MSV 148

milli-second Scientiae Magister (Master of Science); Master of Surgery major surgery ; mass spectrometry ; Meniere's syndrome; metric scale; metric system ; mitral sound; mitral stenosis; morphine sulfate; multiple sclerosis ; muscle strength ; musculo-skeletal strain of hepatitis virus type 1 strain of hepatitis virus type 2 management service agreement; management services agreement maternal serum alpha-feto-protein most significant bit maximum surgical blood order schedule Scientiae Magister (Master of Science) menadiol sodium diphosphate ; most significant digit menadiol sodium di-phosphate milli-second mean systolic ejection rate massage; message mono-sodium glutamate melanocyte-stimulating hormone melanocyte-stimulating hormone factor melanocyte-stimulating hormone inhibiting factor melanocyte-stimulating hormone releasing factor mask; medullary sponge kidney mid-sternal line; muscle mouse specific lymphocyte antigen multiple sleep latency test management services organization multiple system organ failure median sagittal plane muscle strength reflex; muscle stretch reflex manuscripts methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus mid-stream specimen of urine median survival time ; melanocyte-stimulating hormone; Mountain Standard Time meso-thorium mesothorium type 1 mesothorium type 2 mid-stream urine (specimen) ; mono-sodium-urate maple syrup urine disease Moloney's sarcoma virus ; murme sarcoma virus

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

MSVC M&T MT MTA MTB MTBF MTBT MTC m.t.d. MTD mtg. MTHFA MTI MTIC MTJ MTP MTR MTS MTT MTU MTV MTX MTX-BCD MTX-CHOP MTX-LVR MTZ M.U .

mU MUC much. MuGA MUGA multip . MUO musc. Must. MUU MUX

M

maximal sustained ventilatory capacity muscles and tendons empty; malignant teratoma ; Medical Technologist ; Medical Transcriptionist ; meta-tarsal; mountain ; music therapy meta-tarsus adductus ; Microculture Tetrazolium Assay Mycobacterium tuberculosis

mean time between failures malignant tropho-blastic teratoma medullary thyroid carcinoma; minimum toxic concentration mitte tales doses (send such doses) maximally tolerated dose; mean tumor diameter meeting methyl-tetra-hydro-folic acid malignant teratoma intermediate methyl-triazino-imidazole carboxamide mid-tarsal joint median time to progression; meta-tarso-phalangeal mean total reactivity; meter (metre) male Turner's syndrome; Medi-Cal transaction software malignant trophoblastic teratoma ; mean transit time malignant teratoma undifferentiated ; methyl-thio-uracil mammary tumor virus; meta-tarsus varus Methotrexate (Amethopterin) Methotrexate, Bleomycin, Cytoxan, Dactinomycin Methotrexate, Cytoxan, Hydroxydaunomycin, Oncovin, Prednisone Methotrexate, Leucovorin mono-tetra-zolium mouse unit milli-unit maximum urinary concentration mucilago (mucilage) multiple-gated acquisition (scan of heart) multiple-gated acquisition (scan of heart) multipara ; multiparous; multiple ; multiplication ; multiply metastasis of unknown origin muscle ; muscles; muscular ; masculine Mustargen (Mechlorethamine) mouse uterine unit '. multiplex; multiplexer; multiplex transmission 14 9

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

milli-volt My Mendelevium M.V. Medicus Veterinarius (Veterinary Physician) MV mechanical ventilation; mega-volt; mitral valve MVA mitral valve area MVAC Methotrexate, Vincristine, Adriamycin, Cisplatin MVC maximum vital capacity ; motor vehicle accident MVHP micro-vascular hydrostatic pressure MVI multi-vitamin infusion myocardial MV02 ventilation of oxygen (consumption) ; myocardial ventilation of oxygen (rate) MVP Mitomycin C, Velban, Platinol ; mitral valve prolapse Mechlorethamine, Velban, Procarbazine, Prednisone MVPP MVR massive vitreous retraction ; maximum ventilation rate ; minute volume of respiration; mitral valve replacement MW maximum ventilation volume; maximum voluntary ventilation ; measles virus vaccine; Mechlorethamine, Vincristine, Velban milli-watt mw M.W. molecular weight MW mega-watt; mirror writing MWD micro-wave diathermy MWT Mallory-Weiss tear MX mix; mixture; presence of metastasis cannot be assessed mxd mixed my. myopia May My. mycology myc. mycology mycol. myopia myop. myxoma; Myxomycetes; myxorrhea; myxovirus MYXO mono-zygotic MZ MV

notified nano-; nervus (nerve) ; neutron ; noris (nostril) ; normal nasal; nation ; national ; nausea; needle ; negative ; Neisseria; nerve; neutron; new; Newton; night; nitro gen; no ; node ; noise; none ; noon; normal ; north; nose; note ; number; neutron Avogadro's NA number refractive ND index Na Natrium (sodium) Na+ Natrium ion (sodium ion) Nomina Anatomica; numerical aperture N.A. N/A not applicable NA Narcotics Anonymous; neutralizing antibody ; not admitted ; not applicable ; not available; numerical aperture Nae total exchangeable natrium (total exchangeable sodium) NAA no apparent abnormalities NAACLS National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Science NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Na2B407 natrium-borate (borax ; sodium-borate) NaBr natrium-bromide (sodium-bromide) NABS National AIDS Behavioral Surveys NABx needle aspiration biopsy NACA National Advisory Council on Aging natrium-acetate NaC2H302 (sodium-acetate) NACHRI National Association of Children's Hospitals and Related Institutions NaCI natrium-chloride (sodium-chloride = halite) NaCIO natrium-hypochlorite (sodium-hypochlorite) natrium-chlorate NaCIO3 (sodium-chlorate) natrium-carbonate Na2CO3 (sodium-carbonate; washing soda) Na2C203 natrium-oxalate (sodium-oxalate) n.

N NAD

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide ; no abnormality detected ; no active disease; no acute distress ; no apparent distress ; no appreciable disease NADL National Association of Dental Laboratories NADP nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate NAEMT National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians NaF natrium-fluoride (sodium-fluoride) natrium-bicarbonate NaHCO3 (baking soda; sodium-bicarbonate) mononatrium NaH2PO4 acid phosphate (monosodium acid phosphate) dinatrium acid phosphate (disodium acid phosphate) Na2HPO4 NaI natrium-iodide (sodium-iodide) NAI non-accidental injury NAME Nevi, Atrial myxoma, Myxoid neurofibroma, Ephilides NAMH National Association of Mental Health NANB-H non-A, non-B hepatitis NANB-V non-A, non-B virus NANDA North American Nursing Diagnosis Association natrium-nitrite NaNO2 (sodium-nitrite) NANSAID Non-Aspirin, Non-Steroidal, Anti-Inflammatory Drug natrium-hydroxide (caustic soda; lye soda; sodiumNaOH hydroxide) NAON National Association of Orthopaedic Nurses NAOT National Association of Orthopaedic Technicians NAPA N-acetyl-procain-amide NAPH National Association of Public Hospitals NAPNAP National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates and Practitioners NAS nasal ; National Academy of Sciences ; no added salt natrium-sulfate Na2S04 (Glauber's salt; sodium-sulfate ) Na2S203 natrium-thiosulfate (sodium-thiosulfate) NASW National Association of Social Workers NAT national ; natural ; no action taken NAUC normalized area under curve n.b. nota bene (note well) Niobium Nb NB new-born ; nota bene (note well) NBI no body injury ; no bone injury non-Burkitt's lymphoma NBL NBM normal bowel movement; nothing by mouth NBS National Bureau of Standards ; normal blood serum ; normal bowel sounds ; normal breath sounds 152

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

NBT NBTE NBTEc NBW N:C N/C NC NCA NCADI NCALL NCC NCCLS NCDB NCE NCEP NCF NCF-A NCHLS NCHS nCi NCI NCI-SPORE NCMH NCN NCPCC NCR NCRE NCRP NCT NCTC NCV Nd ND NDA NDDG NDGA NDI

nitro-blue tetrazolium (test) non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis normal birth weight nuclear : cytoplasmic (ratio) no charge ; nuclear : cytoplasmic (ratio); numerical control no change ; no charge ; no complaints ; no cost ; not cultured neuro-circulatory asthenia National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information null cell acute lymphocytic leukemia natural cytotoxic cell National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards National Cancer Data Base non-cardiogenic edema National Cholesterol Education Program neutrophil chemotactic factor neutrophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis National Council of Health Laboratory Services National Center Health Statistics nano-Curie National Cancer Institute; nuclear contour index National Cancer Institute's Specialized Programs of Research Excellence National Committee on Mental Hygiene National Council of Nurses National Clearinghouse of Poison Control Centers National Case Registry National Council on Rehabilitation Education National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements neural crest tumor natural cytotoxic T-cell nerve conduction velocity ; non-cholerea vibrosis Neodymium natural death; Newcastle Disease; no date ; no disease; none detected ; normal delivery ; not detected ; not done National Dental Association; new drug application ; no data available; no demonstrable antibodies National Diabetes Data Group nordi-hydro-guaiaretic acid nephrogenic diabetes insipidus 15 3

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

NDIRA NDMA NDP NDR NDV Ne NE

non-dispersive infra-red analysis nitroso-di-methyl-aniline net dietary protein National Dialysis Registry ; no drug reaction Newcastle Disease Virus Neon neurologic examination ; no effect; non-elastic ; not enlarged ; not examined neb. nebula (a spray) nec . necessary NEC necrotizing entero-colitis; not elsewhere classifiable ; not elsewhere classified NED no evidence detected ; no evidence of disease NEEP negative end-expiratory pressure NEFA non-esterified fatty acid neg. negative NeGram nalidixic acid (Dixiben ; Uralgin ; Urodixin) NEHA National Environmental Health Education NEI National Eye Institute NENSG non-erosive non-specific gastritis NEO necrotizing external otitis NER nerve; no evidence of recurrence NERD no evidence of recurrent disease nerv. nervosus (nervous) ; nervus (nerve) NES not elsewhere specified NET naso-endotrachial tube neuro. neurological nF nano-Farad NF National Formulary; non-fiction ; not felt ; not fixed ; not found NFID National Foundation for Infectious Diseases NFLPN National Federation for Licensed Practical Nurses NFP natural family planning NFTD normal full-term delivery ng nano-gram (milli-micro-gram) NG naso-gastric ; Neisseria gonorrhea; Neisseria gonorrboeae; nitro-glycerin; no gas ; not given ; no good nerve growth factor NGF naso-gastric tube NGT NG tube naso-gastric tube NGU non-gonococcal urethritis NH need help; normal heat; nursing home ammonia (am un, Egyptian deity) NH3 154

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

NHANES NH4Br NHC NH 4C1 NH 4CNO (NH2)2CO (NH4)2C03 NHCP NHF NH4HS NHL NHLBI NHLI NHMRC NH4NO3 NHO N.H.S. NHS NHSDA (NH4)ZSOZ Ni NI NIA NIAAA NIAID NIAMD NIAMDD NIAMSD NICHHD NICU NIDA NIDD NIDDKD NIDDM NIDR NIEHS

National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys ammonium-bromide National Health Council ; non-histiocytic lymphoma ammonium-chloride ammonium-cyanate urea (carbamide) ammonium-carbonate non-histone chromosomal protein Nursing History Form ammonium-hydrosulfide nodular histiocytic lymphoma ; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute National Heart and Lung Institute National Health and Medical Research Council ammonium-nitrate National Hospice Organization National Health Service (British) normal human serum ; normal horse serum National Household Survey of Drug Abuse ammonium-sulfate Nickel no information ; not informed ; not identified; not investigated ; not isolated ; no isolation National Institute on Aging; nephelometric inhibition assay National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolic and Digestive Diseases National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Intensive Care Unit National Institute on Drug Abuse non-insulin dependent diabetes National Institute for Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus National Institute of Dental Research National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 15 5

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

NIERO nig. NIGMS NIH NIMH NINCDS NINDB NINDS NIOSH nitro. NJ NK NKA NKAD NKD NKDA NKH n.l. nl. nL NL NLA NLM NLN NLTT rn.m. nm N-m NM NMA NMAC NMG NMJ NMLRC NMN nmol. NMP NMR 156

non-invasive evaluation of radiation output niger (black) National Institute of General Medical Sciences National Institutes of Health National Institute of Mental Health National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health nitrogen ; nitroglycerin naso-jejunal natural killer; Nomenklatur Kommission; not known no known abnormalities ; no known allergies no known allergies to drugs no known diseases no known drug allergies non-ketotic hyperosmotic non licet (it is not lawful) ; non liquet (it is not clear) nano-liter (nano-litre) nano-liter (nano-litre) norma lateralis ; normal ; normal link; nasal line neuro-lept-analgesia National Library of Medicine National League for Nursing normal lymphocyte transfer test nocte maneque (at night and morning) nano-meter (nano-metre) Newton-meter (Newton-metre) neuro-muscular ; no meat; not measured; nuclear medicine National Medical Association ; neurogenic muscular atrophy National Minority Aids Council N-methyl-gucamine neuro-muscular junction National Medical Liability Reform Coalition nicotinamide mono-nucleotide nano-mole normal menstrual period nuclear magnetic resonance

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

NMRI NMS nn . NNAT NNATP NND NNS NNVD no. No NO N20 noc. noc. man. non. rep. NOPHN n.o.s. nos. NOS NOSIE Nov. nox. Np NP

NPA NPB NPC NPCDP NPD NPDB NPDL NPDR NPDRP NPHC

N

Naval Medical Research Institute; nuclear magnetic resonance imaging neuroleptic malignant syndrome nervi (nerves) neo-natal alloimmune thrombocytopenia neo-natal alloimmune thrombocytopenia purpura neo-natal death National Natality Survey no neck vein distention numero (number) Nobelium needs oxygen ; nitric oxide; no operation; no output ; no oxygen ; not obtained ; not occupied; not operated nitrous-oxide (dinitrogen-monoxide) nocte (night) nocte maneque (at night and morning) non repetatur (let it not be repeated) National Organization for Public Health Nursing not otherwise specified numeros (numbers) not otherwise specified Nurse Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation November nocxte (night) Neptunium army medicines; Naptalam ; naso-pharyngeal; nasopharynx; needs priest ; nerve palsy; neuro-psychiatric ; neuro-psychiatrist; neuro-psychiatry ; new patient; nitrogen phosphorus; no pain ; no priest ; no protest; no pulse; normal plasma ; not palpable; not performed; nuceao-protein ; Nurse Practitioner ; nursing practice Naptalam ; National Perinatal Association nodal premature beat naso-pharyngeal carcinoma; National Pharmaceutical Council; nodal premature complex; nodal premature contraction National Prostatic Cancer Detection Project nitrogen phosphorus detector ; no pathologic diagnosis National Practitioner Data Bank nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytes non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy non-proliferative diabetic retino-pathy normal pressure hydro-cephalus 157

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

NPH ins. NPN NPNT n.p .o. NPO/HS NPP 4-NPP NPR NPSG NPT NPU n.r. NR

NRBC NRC NRCA NRCC NRD NREM NREMS NREMT NRM nRNA NRS ns N/S NS

NSA NSABP NSAIA NSAID NSB NSC 158

Neutral Protamine Hagedorn insulin non-protein nitrogen non-palpable non-tender nulla per os (nothing by mouth; nothing per os) nulla per os / hora somni (nothing by mouth at bedtime) nitro-phenyl -phosphate 4-nitro-phenyl-phosphate net protein ration nocturnal poly-somno-graphy neo-precipitin test; nocturnal penile tumescene; normal pressure and temperature net protein utilization non repetatur (do not repeat) negative response; nerve root ; nodal rhythm ; nonreactive ; no radiation; no reaction ; no record ; no refill ; no report ; no response; no resuscitation; normal range; normal rhythm ; not ready; not recorded; not remarkable ; not resolved nucleated red blood cell National Research Council; normal retinal correspondence ; not responded completely ; Nuclear Regulatory Commission National Rehabilitation Counseling Association National Registry in Clinical Chemistry non-renal death non-rapid eye movement non-rapid eye movement sleep National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians National Registry of Microbiologists nuclear ribo-nucleic acid non-reactive system; normal rabbit serum nano-second no standard; normal saline nasal surgery; need surgery; negative state; nervous system ; neuro-surgery ; non-specific; normal saline ; no salt ; no sample ; no surgery; no syndrome ; not shown; not significant; not specified; not sufficient; nylon suture normal serum albumin National Surgical Adjuvant Breast Project non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug non-specific binding no significant change

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

NSC-8806 NSCFPT NSCLC NSD

NSE nsec. NSEMD NSF NSFTD NSG NSGCT NSHCA NSHD NSILA NSNA NSND NSP1 NSP2 NSR NSS NST NSU NSV NSVD NSVTC nt. Nt N&T NT NTA NTAB NTC NTD NTE NTG NTMI NTN NTP

Melphalan no significant change from previous tracing non-small cell lung cancer nominal single dose ; nominal standard dose ; nonspecifc esterase ; normal spontaneous delivery; no significant defect ; no significant deviation; no significant difference ; no significant disease; no sufficient data non-specific enolase nano-second non-specific esophageal motility disorder National Science Foundation normal spontaneous full-term delivery nursing non-seminomatosus germ cell tumor non-specific hepato-cellular abnormality nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease non-suppressible insulin-like activity National Student Nurse Association non-symptomatic non-disabling non-structural protein 1 non-structural protein 2 nasal septal reconstruction ; normal sinus rhythm normal saline solution non-shivering thermogenesis ; non-stress test ; nucleus of solitary tract non-specific urethritis non-specific vaginitis normal spontaneous vaginal delivery non-sustained ventricular tachy-cardia night Niton nose and throat naso-trachial; neural tube; new test; new trainee; no test; not tested nitrilo-triacetic acid nephro-toxic anti-body nodal tachy-cardia neural tube defect not to exceed nitro-glycerin ; non-toxic goiter non-transmural myocardial infarction nephro-toxic nephritis normal temperature and pressure ; nucleoside 159

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

NTPP NTS NTSC NTU NTV NTW nt. wt. nU NU NUG num. nun. N&V N/V NV NVA NVD NVDS NVSD NWDL NWG NWGHGT nwk. NX NYD nyx. NZ NZBM NZWM

5'-tri-phosp hate normal temperature, pressure, and pulse not to scale National Television Systems Committee nephelometric turbidity units nerve tissue vaccine network net weight nano-unit name unknown; new unit; Numorphan; Nupercaine necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis number; numeral; numerous; nummular nunc (now) nausea and vomiting nausea and vomiting negative value; negative variation; nevus vascularis ; new value; new virus; norma verticalis near visual acuity ; no value available nausea, vomiting and diarrhea ; neck vein distention ; new virus detected ; Newcastle Virus Disease non-invasive vascular diagnostic studies no vital signs detected nodular well-differentiated lymphocytes non-weight bearing National Working Group on Human Gene Therapy network regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed not yet diagnosed; not yet done nyxis (paracentesis) New Zealand New Zealand black mouse New Zealand white mouse

o. O

octarius (pint) ; oculus (eye) nil; no ; none ; object ; objection; obstruction; occiput; occlusal ; occupation ; office ; oil; Oncovin; open ; opened ; opening; operation; oral ; orally; organ; organic; out; output ; oxygen 02 oxygen 02-ext oxygen extraction rate ozone 03 o/a on or about OA occipital artery ; ocular albinism; osteo-arthritis; oxalic acid OA-1 ocular albinism type 1 OA-2 ocular albinism type 2 OAA Opticians Association of America OAAD ovarian ascorbic acid depletion OAD obstructive airway disease OAF osteoclast activating factor OAL office administrative law OAP Oncovin, Ara-C, Prednisone ; osteo-arthro-pathy OAT ornithine amino-transferase OAVD occuo-auriculo-vertebral dysplasia OAWO opening abductory wedge osteotomy o.b. omni bibora (every 2 hours) O&B opium and belladonna OB obstetrics ; occult blood Obc. obcecation Obd. obdormition; obduction OBG obstetrics and gynecology OB/GYN obstetrics and gynecology obj . object ; objection OBRA Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act OBS observation; observe; observed; organic brain syndrome obst . obstetric; obstruction OBT occult blood test

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

O.C .

Oc. OC

OCA occ. OCCG OCG OCP OCR Oct. OCT O.D .

OD

ODA ODC OD'd

ODDD ODM ODO ODP ODQ ODT o.e . O&E OE

OEF OER OES OF OFA OFAGE ofc. OFC

OFD

OFT OG

162

-

opus citatum (in the work cited) occupation ; October; octyl object choice ; occluso-cervical ; office call ; on call ; Onchocerca caecutiens ; operative cholecystectomy ; oral contraceptive; organic chemistry oculo-cutaneous albinism occasional ; occipital; occiput oral chole-cysto-gram oral cholecysto-gram obsessive-compulsive personality ; oral contraceptive pill optical character recognition October ornithine carbamoyl-transferase ; oxytocin challenge test Doctor of Optometry; oculus dexter (right eye) ; omni die (every day) ; outside diameter ; over-dose occupational dermatosis ; occupational disease; over-dose occipito-dextra anterior (fetus position) oxygen dissociation curve overdosed oculo-dendo-digital dysplasia ophthalmo-dynamo-metry oculo-dento-osseous occipito-dextra posterior (fetus position) opponens digiti quinti occipito-dextra transversa (fetus position) omissions excepted observation and examination olfactory esthesioneuroma; ophthalmoplegia externa; oral examination; otitis externa occipital eye field oxygen enhancement ratio oral erotic stage occipital frontal; Opisthorchis felineus onco-fetal antigen Orthogonal Field Agarose Gel Electrophoresis office occipito-frontal circumference object film distance ; ora-facio-digital; oral facial digital osmotic fragility test obstetrics and gynecology

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS oxygen gain factor OGF oral glucose tolerance test OGTT o.h. omni hora (at every hour) OH hydroxyl 17-OHCS 17-hydroxy-cortico-steroid OHD organic heart disease vitamin 25-OHD 3 D OHL oral hairy leucoplakia (leukoplakia) OHP oxygen at high pressure 17-OHP 17-hydroxy-progesterone OHT ocular hyper-tension ophthalmoplegia interna; opportunistic infection; os OI ' ilium; osteogenesis imperfecta osteogenesis imperfecta congenita OIC OID object image distance OIG Office of Inspector General OIH ortho-iodo-hippurate OIMD optimal immuno-modulating dose OJ organ of Jacobson OK all right; approve; opto-kinetics; authorize OK-432 Picibanil OKN opto-kinetic nystagmus 0.1 . oculus laevus (left eye) ol . oleum (oil) OLA occipito-laeva anterior (fetus position) OLC obstructive lung chronic OLD obstructive lung disease OLH ovine lactogenic hormone ol. oliv. oleum olivae (olive oil) OLP occipito-laeva posterior (fetus position) OLT occipito-laeva transversa (fetus position) O.M . omni mane (on every morning) OM obtuse marginal (coronary artery); occipito-mental; occupational medicine; onychia maligna; orbitomeatal ; osteo-myelitis ; otitis media OMB1 obtuse marginal branch - first OMB2 obtuse marginal branch - second om . bid. omnibus bidendis (every 2 days) om . bih. omni bihoris (every second hour) OMCI old myo-cardial infarction OMD ocular muscle dystrophy OMDA Oncovin, Methotrexate, Doxorubicin, Actinomycin D

16 3

0

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

OME om. hor. OMM

otitis media effusion omni hora (every hour) ophthalmo-mandibulo-melic omni nocte (every night) octa-methyl-pyrophosphor-amide; otitis media, purulent, acute Organic Mental Syndrome omni mane vel nocte (every morning or night) omni nocte (every night) olfactory nerves; optic nerve; Orthopedic Nurse Oncology Nurses Association optic nerve disease oleum olivae (olive oil) out of bed organ of Corti ova and parasites occiput posterior; onychia parasitica; opening pressure; operation; operative procedure; osmotic pressure; out-patient out-patient clinic; overall performance category out-patient department otopalato-digital syndrome omental pedicle flap; operative pedicle flap ocular plethysmo-graphy; ocular pressure gradient; oxy-poly-gelatin ophthalmology Oncovin, Prednisone, Leucogen occult primary malignancy opposed; opposite; opposition Oncovin, Procarbazine, Prednisone oculo-pneumo-pleth ysmo-graphy oratate-phospho-ribosyl-transferase out-patient surgery optimus (best; optimum) out-patient treatment Optical Tactile Converter oral poliomyelitis virus vaccine; oral poliovirus vaccine omni quadrantae horae (every quarter of an hour); omni quadrante hora (every quarter of an hour) odd ratio; operating-room; oral; orange; over-reaction orchidopexy; orchidotomy; orchiopexy order; ordinal; ordinary

om. noc. OMPA

OMS 0.m.v.n. 0.n. ON ONA OND 0.0.

OOB

ooc O&P OP OPC OPD OPDS OPF OPG ophth. OPL OPM OPP. OPP OPPG OPRT OPS opt. OPT OPTACON OPV 0.q.r. OR orchi. ord.

164

.

-

P

i

-

,--

.=---

" I

-

MEDICAL

ORD ORF org.

ORIF orig. ORL

Om. Oro. ORS ORT ortho. 0s 0s

O.S.

0s

ow2 OSA OSAS OSE OSHA osm.

OSMED oss. osteo.

OT

OTC OTD OTO OTR OT/RCF O.U. OURQ

ov

OVD ONSI

ow

OWB OWL

ABBREVIATIONS

0

optical rotatory dispersion open reduction fixation organic; organization; organize open reduction and internal fixation original oto-rhino-lar yngology orni thine orotidine Orthopaedic Research Society operating room technician orthopaedic (orthopedic) 0s (mouth) Osmium oculus sinister (left eye) objective sign; office surgery; opening snap; operating system; overall survival Operating System / 2 obstructive sleep apnea obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ovarian surface epithelium Occupational Safety and Health Administration osmole oto-spondylo-mega-epiphyseal dysplasia osseous osteopathy Occupational Therapist; occupational therapy; old term; old tuberculin; organoleptic test; original tuberculin; orto-tracheal; 0s trigonum (triangular bone); over-time; oxygen tent over-the-counter organ tolerance dose otology; otomycosis; otopolypus; otoscope; otoscopy Ovarian Tumor Registry oxygen transport / red cell flow (ratio) oculus uterque (each eye); oculi unitas (both eyes) outer upper right quadrant office visit; ovary occlusal vertical dimension oil / water (ratio) open wedge; over-weight open wedge biopsy out of wed-lock

16.5

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

OWR OWS OxPhos. OXPHOS Oxy. oz. oze. ozo.

Oster-Weber-Rendu over-wear syndrome oxidative phosphorous oxidative phosphorous oxyopia; oxyphonia; Oxyuris ounce (French : unce = a twelfth; Latin: uncia = a twelfth) ozaena ; ozena ozone; ozonide; ozostomia

phosphorus 32 post (after) p P page; parent; part; passive ; past; pathology ; patient ; peak; periodic ; Persian ; pharmacopeia; phosphate ; phosphorus; physician ; pink; plasma ; Plasmodium ; Platinol ; pleura ; poise ; Portugal; Portuguese; position ; post; power ; presbyopia ; prescription ; pressure; priest ; print; probability ; protein ; Proteus ; pulmonary ; pulpal; pulse; pupil ; purple pulmonic PI first sound second sound pulmonic Pz barometric pressure PB transpulmonary pressure PL PNA plasma sodium PSS plasma steady-state concentration p.a. pars affecta (the part affected) ; partes aequales (equal parts) ; partibus aequalibus (in equal parts) Pa Pascal; Protactinium percussion and auscultation P&A Physician's Assistant PA. PA paralysis agitans ; pernicious anemia ; phenyl-alanine ; posterior artery ; postero-anterior; pre-albumin ; preamplifier ; pregnancy associated; primary amenorrhea ; primary anemia; pulmonary artery ; pulpo-axial p.a.a. parti affectae applicetur (let it be applied to the affected part) PAB premature atrial beat PABA para-amino-benzoic acid PABP pulmonary artery balloon pump PAC Pacific ; pacifier; papular acrodermatitis of childhood ; Platinol, Adriamycin, Cytoxan ; premature atrial complex; premature atrial contraction ; premature auricular contraction PACE Physician Access and Communication Exchange 32

P

167

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS PaCO2 PACO2 PACU PAD PADP PAE PAEDP PAF

arterial carbon dioxide tension alveolar carbon dioxide tension post-anesthesia care unit pulsating assist device pulmonary artery diastolic pressure post-antibiotic effect pulmonary artery end-diastolic pressure paroxysmal atrial fibrillation; paroxysmal atrial flutter; platelet activating factor PAFD percutaneous abscess and fluid drainage PAG peri-aqueductal gray; pregnancy-associated glycoprotein PAGE poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis PAGT potential abnormality of glucose tolerance ; previous abnormality of glucose tolerance PAHA para-amino-hippuric acid PAHO Pan American Health Organization PART pulmonary artery hyper-tension P-AIDS pediatric acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome P-AJCC Pathological - American Joint Committee on Cancer PAL posterior axillary line palp. palpable; palpation peri-arterial lymphoid sheath PALS PAM Melphalan ; phenyl-alanine mustard; pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis ; Pulse Amplitude Modulation Pralidoxime (Protopam) 2-PAM peri-arteritis nodosa ; periodic alternating nystagmus ; PAN peroxy-acetyl-nitrate; poly-arteritis nodosa PAO peak acid output alveolar oxygen tension ; arterial oxygen tension PaO2 peripheral arterial occlusive disease PAOD PADP pulmonary artery occlusion pressure pap . pappa (infant's sound for food) PAP Papamcolaou (test) ; passive aggressive personality ; peroxidase-anti-peroxidase ; positive airway pressure; primary atypical pneumonia; prostatic acid phosphatase ; pulmonary alveolar proteinosis ; pulmonary artery pressure PAPP pregnancy-associated plasma proteins PAPP-A pregnancy-associated plasma protein A PAPS phospho-adenosyl-phospho-sulfate Pap smear Papanicolaou's smear partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection PAPVC PAPVR partial anomalous pulmonary venous return 16 8

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS PAR PARA PARA 0 PARA 1 PARA 2 PARA 3 part. aeq . part. vic. parv. PAS PASA PASG PASR PAT PATC PATCO Path . PAV PA view PAW PAWP Pb PB PBA PBC P&B exam PBF PBG PBI PBL PBMC PBMM PBMNC PBN Pb(NO3)2 pbo. PbO PBO

pulmonary arteriolar resistance number of viable births (from Latin : parere = to give birth) nulli-para (not delivered a living child) uni-para (prima-para = for the first time pregnant) bi-para (secundi-para = for the second time pregnant) tri-para (for the third time pregnant) partes aequales (equal parts) partitus vicibus (individual doses) parvus (small) para-amino-salicylic acid; periodic acid-Schiff (reaction) ; peripheral access system; peripheral anterior synechia; post-anesthesia shivering ; pulmonary artery stenosis para-amino-salicylic acid pneumatic anti-shock garment periodic acid-Schiff reaction paroxysmal atrial tachycardia ; prism adaptation test paroxysmal atrial tachy-cardia Prednisone, Ara-C, Thioguanine, Cytoxan, Oncovin pathergasia ; pathogenic; pathologic; pathology ; pathosis percutaneous aortic valvuloplasty postero-anterior view (X-ray position) pulmonary artery wedge pulmonary artery wedge pressure Plumbum (lead) paraffin bath; peroneus brevis ; pheno-barbital ; play-back ; protein-bound ; pulpo-buccal prolactin-binding assay; pulpo-bucco-axial primary biliary cirrhosis pap and breast examination pulmonary blood flow pedo-baro-graph; porpho-bilino-gen protein-bound iodine peripheral blood lymphocyte peripheral blood mononuclear cells pedo-baro-macro-meter peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells paralytic brachial neuritis plumbum-nitrate (lead-nitrate) placebo (I shall please) plumbum-monooxide (lead-monoxide) penicillin in beeswax ointment 169

P

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

PBP penicillin-binding protein PBPI penile brachial pressure index PbS plumbum-sulfide (lead-sulfide) PBS phosphate buffered saline PbSO4 plumbum-sulfate (lead-sulfate) PbTe plumbum-telluride (lead-telluride) protein-bound PBT4 thyroxine PBV Platinol, Bleomycin, Velban ; predicted blood volume ; pulmonary blood volume PBVI pulmonary blood volume index PBVP percutaneous balloon valvulo-plasty PBW posterior bite wing PBX punch biopsy PBZ phenyl-buta-zone p.c. post cibum (after meals) PC pico-Curie PC. Pondus Civile (avoirdupois weight) PC packed cells; palmitoyl carnitine; palpebral cartilages ; paracentesis cordis ; parachordal cartilage; partus caesareus (delivery by cesarean section); penis captivus ; pentose cycle; personal computer; phosphate cycle; phosphatidyl choline; phospho-creatine ; platelet concentrate; Platinol, Cytoxan; present complaint; printed circuit ; professional component; professional computer ; pulmonary capillary; pulmonic closure; pulse-count PCA passive cutaneous anaphylaxis; patient-controlled analgesia; posterior cerebral artery ; posterior communicating artery premature coronary artery disease PCAD percutaneous carotid arterio-graphy PCAD Pharmacy College Admission Test PCAT PCB para-cervical block PCBP poly-chlorinated bi-phenyl PCC poison control center ; primary care center PCCM primary care case managed PCD phosphate-citrate-dextrose ; poly-cystic disease; posterior corneal deposits ; pulmonary clearance delay patient care evaluation ; pulmo-cutaneous exchange ; PCE pyrometric cone equivalent PCF posterior cranial fossa PCG phono-cardio-gram PCHU paroxysmal cold hemoglobin-urea 170

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

pico-Curie pCi prophylactic cranial irradiation PCI PCM Pulse-Code Modulation protein calorie mal-nutrition PCMN penicillin PCN PCNA proliferating cell nuclear antigen quintozene PCNB poly-cystic ovary PCO pressure of carbon dioxide ; partial tension of partial PCO 2 carbon dioxide poly-cystic ovarian syndrome PCOS penta-chloro-phenol ; phenyl-cyclohexyl-piperidine ; PCP Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ; pulmonary capillary pressure para-chloro-phenyl-alanine PCPA Fenson PCPBS polymerase chain reaction PCR pieces ; porta-caval shunt PCs percentage pct . porphyria cutanea tarda; porta-caval transposition; PCT prothrombin consumption time PCTH porphyria cutanea tarda hereditaria porphyria cutanea tarda symptomatica PCTS Primary Care Unit PCU packed cell volume ; poly-chlorinated vinyl ; polyPCV cythemia vera; Procarbazine, Cytoxan, Velban PCVP Procarbazine, Cytoxan, Vinblastine, Prednisone PCW pulmonary capillary wedge PCWP pulmonary capillary wedge pressure PCx periscopic convex PCZ Procarbazine Pd Palladium Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharmacy Doctor) PD . PD Parkinson's disease ; Pediatric Department ; Pediatric Doctor; pediatric dosage; peritoneal dialysis; permanent disability; plasma defect ; Police Department; postural drainage ; potential difference ; Private Detective ; professional discount ; pulpo-distal ; pupillary distance PDA pancreatic-duct-arcade; Parenteral Drug Association ; patent ductus arteriosus ; posterior descending artery ; predicted drift angle PDAB para-dimethyl-amino-benzaldehyde PDAC poorly differentiated adeno-carcinoma

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS PDC PDD PDE PDGF PD1 PDL PDLL PDMN PDP PDQ PDR PDT PE

PEA PEAP peds. PEEP PEF PEFR PEG PEGT PEL PEMA PEMF PEMM pen. PEN PENMT PENS PEO PEP PEPP per PER perf. PERLA 172

poorly differentiated carcinoma percentage depth dose; pyridoxine deficient diet paroxysmal dyspnea on exertion; phospho-di-esterase platelet-derived growth factor periodontal disease index poorly differentiated lymphocytes poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma poorly differentiated malignant neoplasm postural drainage and percussion Physician Data Query Physicians' Desk Reference photo-dynamic therapy pelvic examination ; paper electrophoresis; potential energy ; physical examination ; piecemeal excision (of tumor); Platinol, Etoposide ; pleural effusion ; pharyngo-esophageal ; phosphate excretion ; physical education ; poly-ethylene; pulmonary edema ; pulmonary embolism phosphotidyl-ethanol-amine; pulseless electrical activity positive end-airway pressure pediatrics positive end-expiratory pressure peak expiratory flow peak expiratory flow rate percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy ; pneumoencephalography ; poly-ethylene glycol percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube permissible exposure limit phenyl-ethyl-malon-amide pulsating electro-magnetic field polio-encephalo-meningo-myelitis penicillin pharmacy equivalent name phospho-ethanolamine-N-methyl transferase percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation progressive external ophthalmoplegia phospho-enol-pyruvate ; pre-ejection period; pre-ejection phase positive expiratory pressure plateau per (by ; per; through) pronation external rotation; protein efficiency ratio perfication ; perforated ; perforation ; performed; perfusion Pupils Equal, Reactive to Light and Accommodation

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

per os PERRLA

P

(by mouth) Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light and Accommodation PERT Program Evaluation and Review Technique per vag . per vaginam (through the vagina) pre-excitation syndrome PES petroleum ; piecemeal excision of tumor; poly-ethylene PET terephthalate ; positron emission tomography pressure of end-tidal carbon-dioxide PETCO Z penta-erythrityl-tetra-nitrate PETN positron emission tomography PETG PETT positron emission transaxial tomography PETTG positron emission transaxial tomo-graphy ventilating tube for eardrum PE tube pF pico-Farad PF peritoneal fluid ; phase factor ; plain film; platelet factor; positive factor ; posterior fusion ; protection factor PFC persistent fetal circulation ; plaque forming cell PFD persistent fetal dispersion PFFD proximal focal femoral deficiency PFIB per-fluoro-iso-butylene phospho-fructo-kinase PFK PFNAP percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy PFP platelet free plasma PFR peak flow rate PFS primary fibromyalgia syndrome PFT para-fascicular thalamotomy ; posterior fossa tumor ; pulmonary function test PFU plaque forming unit pg page; pico-gram PG para-genital; para-glossia; pepsino-gen; Pharmacopoeia Germanica ; phosphatidyl-glycerol ; pituitary gonadotropin ; prosta-glandin PG-1 pepsinogen I PG-II pepsinogen II PGA prosta-glandin A; pteroyl-glutamic acid (folic acid) prosta-glandin PGA 1 A1 prosta-glandin PGA2 A2 prosta-glandin PGA 3 A3 PGB prosta-glandin B prosta-glandin PGB 1 B1 prosta-glandin PGB 2 B2 PGC prosta-glandin C per os

173

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS PGC 1 PGC 2 PGC 3 PGD PGD1 PGD 2 PGDR PGE PGE 1 PGE 2 PGF PGF 1 PGF2 PGF la PGF 2a PGF3 PGFM PGG2 PGH PGH2 PG1 PG1 2 PGK PGLP pgm PGM PGOS PGR pgs . PGU ph. pH PH Ph' PHA PHAA phar. Phar.B. Phar.C.

174

prosta-glandin C 1 prosta-glandin C2 prosta-glandin C3 phospho-gluconate dehydrogenase ; prosta-glandin D prosta-glandin D 1 prosta-glandin D2 plasma-glucose disappearance rate prosta-glandin E prosta-glandin E1 prosta-glandin E2 prosta-glandin F prosta-glandin F 1 prosta-glandin F2 prosta-glandin Flalpha prosta-glandin F2alpha prosta-glandin F3 prosta-glandin Fmetabolite prosta-glandin G2 pituitary growth hormone; prosta-glandin H prosta-glandin H2 prosta-glandin I; phospho-gluco-isomerase ; potassium, glucose, insulin prosta-glandin 12 phospho-glycerate kinase persistent generalized lymphadenopathy pico-gram phospho-gluco-mutase ponto-geniculo-occiput spike psycho-glavanic response pages post-gonococcal urethritis phalanx; pharmacopoeia (pharmacopeia) ; phenyl ; physics potential of hydrogen (hydrogen-ion concentration) patient healh ; past history; prostatic hypertrophy ; public health Philadelphia chromosome phyto-hem-agglutinin ; pulse height analyzer phyto-hem-agglutinin antigen pharmaceutical ; pharmacist; pharmacy Pharmaciae Baccalaureus (Bachelor of Pharmacy) Pharmaceutical Chemist

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

Phar.D. Phar.M. Ph.B. PHBB Ph.C. PHCPP Ph.D. phenyl . Ph ex Ph.G. Ph.I. PHI phial. PHK PHLLA PHLPL PHM PHN PHO pH2 0 PHP PHPC PHPPV PHS PHT phx . PHx phys . PI

PIA PIABCP PIC PICA PICU PID

Pharmaciae Doctor (Doctor of Pharmacy) Pharmaciae Magister (Master of Pharmacy) Philosophiae Baccalaureus (Bachelor of Philosophy) ; British Pharmacopoeia (Pharmacopeia) propyl-hydroxy-benzyl benzimidazole Pharmaceutical Chemist per-hydro-cyclo-pentano-phenanthrene Philosophiae Doctor (Doctor of Philosophy) phenylalanine physical examination Graduate in Pharmacy; Pharmacopoeia Germanica International Pharmacopoeia (Pharmacopeia) phospho-hexo-isomerase phiala (bottle) phospho-hexo-kinase post-heparin lipo-lytic activity post-heparin lipo-protein lipase posterior hyaloid membrane post-herpetic neuralgia Physician-Hospital Organization partial pressure of water vapor prepaid health plan pneumo-hemo-peri-cardium persistent hyper-plastic primary vitreous Public Health Service pulmonary hypertension pharynx past history physical ; physician ; physics ; physiological para-influenza ; peak index; periodontal index; pili incarnati; present illness; protamine insulin; pulmonary incompetence; pulmonary infarction; pulmonary insufficiency plasma insulin activity percutaneous intra-aortic balloon counter-pulsation peripherally inserted catheter; picrol; picture; polymorphism information content posterior inferior cerebellar artery ; posterior inferior communicating artery Pediatric Intensive Care Unit; Pulmonary Intensive Care Unit pelvic-inflammatory disease ; poison ivy dermatitis

175

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

PIDT PIE PIF PIFR PIH PIHT pil . PIM PIN PINS PIOPED PIP PIPJ PIT PITC PITR PIV PJC pk. PK PKD PKP PKS PKT PKU pKV PKV pl. PL PLA PLAP plats. PLD PLDR PLED 176

plasma iron disappearance time pulmonary infiltrate with eosinophilia ; pulmonary interstitial edema; pulmonary interstitial emphysema peak inspiratory flow; prolactin inhibiting factor; proliferation inhibiting factor peak inspiratory flow rate pregnancy-induced hypertension pregnancy-induced hyper-tension pilula (pill) ; pilulae (pills) Postgraduate Institute of Medicine penile intraepithelial neoplasia ; prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia persons in need of supervision prospective investigation of pulmonary embolism diagnosis peak inspiratory pressure ; proximal inter-phalangeal proximal inter-phalangeal joint patellar inhibition test; plasma iron transfer ; plasma iron turnover ; prothrombin inhibition test phenyl-iso-thio-cyanat plasma iron transfer rate; plasma iron turnover rate para-influenza virus Price-Jones curve ; premature junctional contraction peak pain-killer ; psycho-kinesis ; pyruvate kinase polycystic kidney disease penetrating kerato-plasty pyruvic kinase screening packet ; pocket ; psycho-kinesis test phenyl-keton-uria peak kilo-voltage killed poliomyelitis vaccine place; plate ; platelet ; plural partial light; partial loss; penis lunatus ; perception of light ; phantom limb; place; placebo ; placental ; placental lactogen; pulpo-lingual pulpo-linguo-axial peripheral laser angio-plasty; placental alkaline phosphatase platelets potentially lethal damage potentially lethal damage repair periodic lateralized epileptiform discharge

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS PLEVA PLF PLIF PLL PLM PLMs PLSS PLT PLTS PLUVA PLV p.m. pm Pm PM PMA PMB PMBL PMBV PMBVP PMC PMD PMDD PMEL PMF PMFLEP PMHx PMI PMJC PML PMLE PMM

Pityriasis Lichenoides Et Varioliformis Acute peri-lymphatic fistula posterior lumbar interbody fusion pro-lymphocytic leukemia periodic limb movement periodic limb movements portable life support system platelet; primed lymphocyte test; primed lymphocyte typing ; psittacosis lymphogranuloma venereumtrachoma platelets psoraline and long-wave ultra-violet A live poliomyelitis vaccine ; pan-leukopenia virus ; phenylalanine lysine vasopressin ; posterior left ventricle petit mal ; post meridiem (afternoon) ; post mortem (autopsy ; following death ; post-mortem) pico-meter (pico-metre) Promethium pace-maker; petit mal; Phase Modulation ; polymyositis; post-mortem ; pulpo-mesial para-methoxy-amphetamine ; Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association ; progressive muscular atrophy post-menopausal bleeding poly-morphonuclear basophil leukocyte percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy percutaneous mitral balloon valvulo-plasty pre-menstrual change; pseudo-membranous colitis personal medical doctor ; primary muscular dystrophy; primary myocardial disease; progressive muscular dystrophy pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder poly-morphonuclear eosinophil leukocyte Platinol, Mitomycin C, Fluorouracil ; progressive massive fibrosis progressive multi-focal leuko-encephalo-pathy past medical history patient medical instruction ; point of maximal impulse ; point of maximal intensity; posterior myocardial infarction pre-mature junctional contraction poly-morphous light; progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy poly-morphous light eruption penta-methyl-melamine 177

3AIau.Iado-asod (ynoul Aq) so tad xu.Iogaouanaud 3UIZ):)UA snaaoaouinaud aiun ua2ojaiu uiaaojd uiaasAs snOAJau juJagdijad aloaas 2uissaj2ojd-uou juia.iud aautjdsogd-jAuagd-o .Iaiu-ujud 2uigauajg ajnssaad aniau2au-anmsod uisdip,ijod juuinaaou aiua2otjaIsd !Xgaudoinau juia -gdi.Iad ! .IauoiaiaaUJd as.InN ai.Iauipad `jouagd-o.Iaiu-ujud asu.IaJsuuaa IAYau.I-N-auiuzujouuyaogdsotjd A2ojounuiuii-o.Inau-otpAsd uun-uigoj2ouzaq juujnaaou jutusAxo .Iud jotuna juuzjapoaaa-oznau jungdind punod `di.Ip jusuu-asod !a2uuiuap jusuu-asod tuaudsfp juuanaaou juuisAxoiud uolaaujauoa jupou a.jmutuajd !xajduioa jupou ajnauulajd `uijpaiuad ua2ojaiu jo ainssaid jupiud aaou ssai2oid `jusuu-asod `aniau2au-aniaisod `suijnau-Xjod !uiuotunaud :QAJau ju-iagdijad !usopou spinamuad `.aaou uoissna.Iad Bojo.inau puu hauigaAsd 3AIUA jujaittl asdujoid uoisuaa junjasuatu-ajd uidoaaopuuo2 Limas ajuui auuu2ajd au.io.jpuAs jun.Iasuaui-a.zd `tun.Ias s,ajutu auuu2ajd `ssazas junjasuatu-asod taulo :ipu/s jusnudouaal-asod aauj Aaijuaiouz aauuopjodojd `aau.z faipig .Iolu aauuopiodoid Sisojnapa .i aigdioul-Ajod `aauj Aaijuajoui juauui.zad `aau.I Aaipiyotu juauuind uoiauaijiquga2j puu auiaipaW juaisAgd auiumb-auituuyatu-i .ISd poi.Iad juniasuaui snoIAaad aiAaojnaj jitjdo.ianau .iuajanu-ogd:zow-Ajod jigdojanau juajanu-ogdiou.I-Ajod ajAamjnaj juajanu-ogdjou,I-Ajod aiAaojnaj jigdouisoa .juajanu-ogdjow-Ajod a3Aaolnaj pgdosuq .zuajanu-ogdjouz-Ajod auajanu-ogd.ioal-/jod uouuauatu2nu aaujA.zaugaatu-jAyaui-Ajod

El o/d O.d XNd XANd 11Nd SNd SdNd ddNd UdNd dNd ,L,WNd INd flHNd .Lamd QNd QNd ZNd Nd NNd AWd .Lwd DSwd SWd uwd 2INWd Z)Wd dwd INNWd NNWd 'NWd 'IRNWd 'IgNWd NWd vwwd

SNOIIVIAa'IggV IVDIQ3W

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

Po PO PO2 POA POAG POAH POB POC POCC pocil. pocul. POD POEMS POFA POG pOH POHS POI pol. POL polio . poly. POM POMC POMP POMR pond. POP POP POPRAS POR PORP PORT PORTO POS POSCH post cib. postop .

Polonium post-operative ; pulse-output partial pressure of oxygen; partial tension of oxygen pancreatic oncofetal antigen; prolapse of anus primary open-angle glaucoma pre-optical anterior of hypothalamus phen-oxy-benzamine ; place of birth post-operative care Procarbazine, Oncovin, Cytoxan, CCNU pocillum (small cup) poculum (cup) post-operative day; pyloric obstruction and dilatation Polyneuropathy, Organomegaly, Endocrinopathy, Monoclonal gammopathy, Skin change pancreatic onco-fetal antigen Pediatric Oncology Group potential of hydroxide ion (hydroxide ion concentration) presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome prolapse of iris poliosis; pollen ; pollenosis ; pollicization; pollution Physician Office Laboratory; Poland; Polish poliomyelitis; poliosis polymorphonuclear leukocyte Prayer of Maimonides pro-opio-melano cortin Purinethol, Oncovin, Methotrexate, Prednisone problem-oriented medical record pondere (by weight); ponderosus (heavy) post-operative plasma oncotic pressure; plaster of Paris; post-operative Problem-Oriented Perinatal Risk Assessment System pelvic outlet reconstruction; Portugal; Portuguese ; problem-oriented record ; prolapse of rectum partial ossicular reconstructive prosthesis; partial ossicular replacement prosthesis portogram; portography; Portugal; Portuguese portogram; portography; portovenogram periosteal osteo-sarcoma; point of service; position ; positive program on the surgical control of hyperlipidemias post cibum (after meals) post-operation; post-operative 17 9

uuzsujd food -jajalujd `uiaioid-Ajod zosnajad `apiidad-Ajod aiiua .jauud uigolOouzag 3o uopumius %OS 2uianpoid .jo3 uoisual ua2Axo 12ojoauo 3o saaiiaujd puu sajdiauijd `uoiiuziuu2ap .zap!AOJd paJJaJazd dVao y,i,iouog VUasstdN 2uianpo .Td -uijjpiuad uoiliilnu jujammud jungdiaad Agdojju .Tujnasnuz spijaAui-oijod-asod /doasoniuz pauzaopad-uupis/gd `.jajuuz-aoud iuauuwnd uoijpui aad saaud uzsiuu2jo xjij-uiuournaud-ojnajd uotsuaj-jadAq Xjuuouiind A :iuuzud uisipiojAgi-u .zud-odAti-opnasd-opnasd asuuij-oxag-ogdsoLjd iajaiujd uoisuaj.zadA4 /, .iuuouzjnd Aiuuziid `a~iuy .zouzag uzni .jud-isod uzuA-oaid-oaid uoii :)uj3 uiaio.zd uuzsujd ` .1043u3 aATIuana .zd uj2ujjad plUPUMs - QAIIUAIJap uiajojd pai3i .znd (isai xnoiurW ui pasn) an!Iuniaap uiajoid paijijnd `pauodisod `.auiuiuip-auaj,(uaiyd-ujud `Xup iad slaud paiudaid `.pauodasod uopujnuoa-ujud auiuiuioid tajua auapud anissaj2ojd `uopuaijduzoa /auuouzind anpundo-isod ju2ns poojq juipuu.zd-isod 2uiyuajq a .inssajd anpisod `poojq .zood iajaiujd ujognnau }o uoisuaindAq Xjaiju Aiuuouijnd iuaisisnd paunoD / .zosTAPV suuiaisf qd 2uuudi3QJud piau ainnjAd-j,iuagd `.auiuzu-jouudo-Td-j/,uagd uouuijnasnu puu `uoissnand `uouudjud

(uajugs Is-Ti3 2uiaq apoq aqi) vjvpRv sm,cd vlvi yd ajnssajd asjnd `xuujugd juuiixo .Td `uigdjod-oio.zd `jujagnd-isod `juipuwd-isod `uzni-iud-isod ~Ajuiinvd jouaisod `sja33nd quid `.asjnd jwagduad !/woiaauoiiaad ainjad taAIJuana.zd uj2ujjad `ajnssaid juiaiud `.appdadAjod aiiua.iauud UIIJanuoaojd - uiquzo .Tgio id sa2ud (uopupouzuioaau 3o iuiod juau) ucnusixodd usnigund `(sjuauz .jai}u) ucnipumd isod `(ypjiq iaiju) ucnljvd lsod snjain }o asdujoid !sn .zain `X.zuno `muaaujd

ddd z

05 Od d

Odd oNdd Ndd vwwdd Wdd ui-d-d O'Idd ..LHdd IdHdd XHdd Hdd 2dd add S-Qdd Qdd p,dd Ddd SUM add NHHdd DVdd Vdd VNdd u . d-d

dd d-d dd d-d nod

sKOIIdinaxggV -rdDIQIW

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

PPPPPP PPQ bar PPRC PPRF PPS ppt. PPTL PPV PQ p.r. pr. Pr P&R PR

p.r.a. PRA

PRBC

PRC PRCA PRD

Pred. preg. PreMACE pre-op . prep. prep'd PRERLA PRF PRFM PRH PRIST

prl.

PRM

Pain, Pallor, Paresthesia, Pulselessness, Paralysis, Prostration pterygo-palato-quadrate bar Physician Payment Review Commission paramedian pontine reticular formation pasteurized protein solution ; pentosan poly-sulfate ; peripheral pulmonic stenosis ; post-partum sterilization ; post-perfusion syndrome ; Primary Physician Service praecipitatus (precipitate) post-partum tubal ligation positive-pressure ventilation permeability quotient ; plasto-quinone per rectum (through the rectum) ; pro recto (rectal) pair; presbyopia ; prism; production ; propyl Praseodymium pulse and respiration pain reaction ; partial remission; partial response; pathology report ; pelvic rock; peripheral resistance ; per rectum ; picture-recording ; pre-record ; pre recorded ; progesterone receptor ; protein; public relation; pulse rate; punctum remotum pro ratione aetatis (in proportion to age) plasma renin activity ; progesterone receptor assay packed red blood cells packed red cells; plasma renin concentration pure red cell aplasia post-radiation dysplasia; product; production Prednisone pregnant Prednisone, Methotrexate, Adriamycin, Cytoxan, Etoposide pre-operation; pre-operative preparation; prepare prepared Pupils Round, Equal, Reactive to Light and Accommodation prolactin releasing factor prolonged-rupture of a fetal membrane prolactin-releasing hormone paper radio-immuno-sorbent test prolactin phospho-ribo-mutase ; premature rupture of membranes

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

p.r.n. PRNT PRO prob. Proc. Proc AACR Proc ASCO procto . prof. prog. PROM ProMACE pro rect. PROS prot. Pro . time prov. PRP PRPC PRPP

PRRE

PRT PRTA PRU

PRV p.s. ps Ps P&S PS

PSA PSCC PSCT

182

pro re nata (as occasion arises; as needed) plaque reduction neutralization test Peer Review Organization; professional ; prothrombin probability ; probable ; problem Procarbazine ; procedure ; proceed ; proceedings ; process Proceedings - American Association for Cancer Research Proceedings - American Society of Clinical Oncology proctoscopy profession; professor prognosis ; program (programme) ; progress ; progressive passive range of motion ; premature rupture of membrane; Programmable Read Only Memory ; prolonged rupture of membrane Procarbazine, Methotrexate, Adriamycin, Cytoxan, Etoposide pro recto (rectal) professionals protein ; protocol prothrombin time provision ; provisional phosphosyl-ribitol-phosphate ; pityriasis rubra pilaris ; platelet-rich plasma; progesterone receptor protein pan-retinal photo-coagulation phospho-ribosyl-pyro-phosphate pupils round, regular, equal phospho-ribosyl-transferase proximal renal tubular acidosis peripheral resistance unit pseudo-rabies virus per second ; pico-second ; post scriptum (post-script) pico-second Pseudomonas permanent and stationary pathological stage ; pathological staging ; phosphatidylserine; plastic surgery; population sample ; post-script ; prescription; primary stage ; pulmonary stenosis ; pyloric stenosis platelet-specific antibody; polyethylene sulfonic acid; prostate-specific antigen posterior sub-capsular cataract peripheral stem cell transplantation

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

PSD psec psf PSG PSGN psi PSIFT PSIS PSM PSMF PSNP PSP PSRO PSS PST PSTPS PSV PSVTc PSWD pt. Pt PT

PTA PTAHt PTAP PTB PTC PTCA PTCAP PTCG

pelvic sidewall dissection ; peptone, starch, dextrose pico-second pounds per square foot peak systolic gallop ; poly-sono-gram ; pre-systolic gallop post-streptococcal glomerulo-nephritis para-psychological ; pounds per square inch; psychological platelet suspension immuno-fluorescence test posterior superior iliac spine pan-systolic murmur; pre-systolic murmur protein-supplemented modified fast progressive supra-nuclear palsy periodic short pulse; phenol-sulfon-phthalein Professional Standards Review Organization progressive systemic sclerosis Pacific Standard Time; Penicillin, Streptomycin, Tetracycline post-surgical treatment - pathological staging pressure support ventilation paroxysmal supra-ventricular tachy-cardia pelvic side-wall dissection part ; patient; perstetur (let it be continued) ; pint (from French : pinte) ; point; port Platinum para-thormone; para-thyroid ; para-tuberculosis; paratyphoid; part-time; pathological treatment; patient; photo-toxicity ; Physical Therapist; physical therapy; Platinol; platinum; posterior tibial; proficiency testing; prothrombin time persistent truncus arteriosus ; phospho-tungstic acid; plasma thromboplastin antecedent ; post-traumatic amnesia; post-traumatic arthritis; prior to admission phospho-tungstic acid hema-toxylin percutaneous transluminal angio-plasty patellar tendon bearing; prior to birth; pulmonary tuberculosis paroxysmal tachy-cardia ; percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography; phenyl-thio-carbamide; plasma thromboplastin component percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty percutaneous transluminal coronary angio-plasty percutaneous transhepatic cholangio-graphy 18 3

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS PTD PTE PTED PTFE PTFU PTH PTHB PTHBD PTHS PTHSE PTHSI PTI PTLF PTMA PTMV p.t.o. PTP PTPT PTR PTS PTSA PTT PTT/PTPT PTU PTY PTZ Pu PU PUCBS PUD PUE PUF PUFA pulm. pule. PUO PUPPP PUS PUVA P.V.

18 4

permanent and total disability proximal tibial epiphysis ; pulmonary thromboembolism pulmonary thrombo-embolic disease poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene (Fluon ; Fluoroflex; Teflon) Platinol, Fluorouracil para-thyroid hormone ; post-transfusional hepatitis percutaneous trans-hepatic biopsy percutaneous trans-hepatic biliary drainage para-thyroid hormone secretion percutaneous trans-hepatic stone extraction percutaneous transhepatic stent insertion persistent tolerant infection passive transferable lethal factor phenyl-tri-methyl-ammonium percutaneous transvenous mitral valvotomy please turn over post-tetanic potentiation; post-transfusion purpura partial thrombo-plastin time patient to return ; phosphorous tubular reabsorption post-transfusion syndrome; post-traumatic stress para-toluene-sulfonic acid pro-thrombin time pro-thrombin time / partial thrombo-plastin time (ratio) propyl-thio-uracil para-thyroidectomy pentylene-tetra-zol Plutonium peptic ulcer ; pregnancy urine percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling peptic ulcer disease pyrexia of unknown etiology pure ultra-filtration poly-unsaturated fatty acid pulmentum (gruel) ; pulmonary pulvieres (powders) ; pulvis (powder) pyrexia of unknown origin pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy poison by unknown substance psoralen and ultra-violet A partitis vicibus (in divided dose) ; per vaginam (through the vagina) ; polycythemia vera

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

P&V P/V PV PVA PVB PVC PVD PVE PVEC PVHt PVI PVM

P-VM26

PVOD

PVOM

PVp PVP

PVP-I PVp-XRT PVR PVS PVT PVTC PW PWA PWB PWI PWM PWP PWR PWS

pyloroplasty and vagotomy perfusion / ventilation peak voltage ; peripheral vascular ; peripheral vein; plasma volume; poly-vinyl; polycythemia vera; portal vein; pressure velocity ; pulmonic valve poly-vinyl acetate ; poly-vinyl alcohol Platinol, Velban, Bleomycin ; premature ventricular beat poly-vinyl-chloride ; premature ventricular complex ; premature ventricular contraction ; pulmonary venous congestion peripheral vascular disease; pulmonary vascular disease prosthetic valve endocarditis prosthetic valve endo-carditis pulmonary venous hyper-tension peripheral vascular insufficiency peak voltage measurement ; pneumonia virus of mice Platinol, Teniposide peripheral vascular occlusive disease ; pulmonary venous obstructive disease pyogenic vertebral osteo-myelitis Platinol, Etoposide penicillin V potassium ; peripheral vein plasma ; peripheral venous pressure ; poly-vinyl-pyrrolidone ; portal venous pressure ; pulmonary venous pressure poly-vinyl-pyrrolidone and iodine (povidone and iodine) Platinol, Etoposide - Radiation Therapy peripheral vascular resistance ; pulmonary vascular resistance premature ventricular systole portal vein thrombosis ; pressure, volume, temperature ; private paroxysmal ventricular tachy-cardia penetrating water; plain water; plantar wart; poisoned water; posterior wall; pulse wave; pure water; purified water person with AIDS partial weight bearing posterior wall infarct port-wine mark (nevus; port-wine stain) pulmonary wedge pressure power port-wine stain (nevus; port-wine mark)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

pwt Px PX PXE pxm . Pyr. PZ PZA PZCCK PZCK PZl PZP

penny-weight pneumothorax physical examination ; please exchange; post exchange pseudo-xanthoma elasticum pyrido-xa-mine pyridine pancreo-zymin ; peripheral zone pyra-zin-amide pancreo-zymin-chole-cysto-kinin pancreo-zymin-cholecysto-kinin protamine zinc insulin pregnancy zone protein

Q Q. s .

distribution (perfusion); rate of blood flow physiological shunt intrapulmonary shunt fraction Q Qsi T cardiac output QT venous admixture Qvv QT q. electric charge quantity; quantum; quaque (each; every) ; quart q long arm of chromosome ; electric charge quantity; quantity of heat Q heat ; quaalude (Dormutil; Methaqualone ; Soverin) ; quadrupedal; quality; quantity ; quarantine ; quartz ; query; question; quittor (quitter); symbol for Cou lomb; ubiquinones temperature coefficient Q10 Q-275 ubiquinones QA qualitative analysis; quality assurance QAB quaternary ammonium bases QAC quaternary ammonium compound QALY quality-adjusted life year QALYs quality-adjusted life years q.a.m. every morning Q-band. quinacrine-banding QC quality control number QCO 2 of microliters (microlitres) of carbon dioxide QC-PCR competitive polymerase=chain reaction QCT Quantitative Computed Tomography q .d. quaque die (every day) q. day every day QDHC quinine di-hydro-chloride q.d.s. quater die sumendum (to be taken four times a day) q.e. quod est (which is) q.e.d. quod erat demonstrandum (which was to be demonstrated) q.e.f. quod erat faciendum (which was to be done)

Q

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

q.e.i . QER QF

quod erat inveniendum

q. fever q.h. q.2h. q.3h. q.4h. QHC q.h.s. QICA q.i.d. q.l. q.m. QM QMB q. month QMS q.m.t. QMT q.n. q.n.s. QO2 q.o.d. q.o.l. q.o.s. q.p, QP q.p.m. qq, QqD Qq-disease q.q .h.

qq. hor. qqv q.r. qr. QRS QRST 188

(which was to be found out) quadrupedal extensor reflex quadriceps femoris; quality factor; query fever (ninemile fever) ; quick-firing quarten fever (quartan malaria) ; quotidian fever quaque hora (every hour) quaque secunda hora (every second hour) quaque tertia hora (every third hour) quaque quarta hora (every fourth hour) quinacrine hydro-chloride quaque hora somni (each bed-time) Quantitative Inhalation Challenge Apparatus quater in die (four times a day) quantum libet (as much as is desired) quaque mane (every morning) ; quaque matin (every morning) quartan malaria (quartan fever) Qualified Medicare Beneficiary every month Qualified Medical Student quantitative muscle testing quantitative muscle testing quaque nocte (every night) ; quaque nox (every night) quantity not sufficient number of microliters (microlitres) of oxygen consumption every other day

quality of life

quoties opus sit (as often as necessary) quantum placet (as much as you please); quantum placetat (as much as you please ; as you will)

quadriceps femoris every afternoon; every evening quaque (each; every) ; question Quinquaud's Disease Quinquaud's disease quaque quarta hora (every fourth hour) quaque hora (every hour) quae vide (which see.. .used in plural form) quantum rectum (the quantity is correct) quarter Q wave, R wave, S wave Q wave, R wave, S wave, T wave

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

q.s. QS qt. QT qtr. qts. QTTfev qtts. qty. qu. quad. quadrup. quat. ques . QUH quin. quot. q.v. q. 2wk q. 4wk

Q

quantity sufficient; quantum sufficiat (as much as will suffice; enough); quantum satis (sufficient quantity) ; quantum sufficit (as much as necessary) Queckenstedt's sign ; Quevenne scale; quinidine sulfate quantity ; quartina (quart) quinine tannate quarter quarters ; quarts Queensland tick typhus fever quantities quantity question quadriceps ; quadriplegic ; quadruped; quadruplet quadruplicato (four times as much) quattour (four) question quinine and urea hydrochloride quinque (five) quatidie (daily ; every day) quantum vis (as much as you wish ; which see) ; quantum voleris (as much as you wish; which see) every 2 weeks every 4 weeks

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correlation coefficient; radius distance ; remotum (far); resistance of drug; rontgen (roentgen); Tuber (red) race; radiation ; radio; radius ; Rankine; rate; ratio ; R reactance ; reaction ; reactive ; recovery ; rectal; red; reference ; region ; register ; registered; regression; relation ; relative; relaxed ; remark; renal ; repeat; report ; resident; residual tumor; residual ; resistance; resistance; respiration ; rest; reverse; rhythm ; right; room; root; rotary ; rough; round; rub ; rupture ; Russia ; Russian RO residual tumor - none R1 residual tumor - microscopic R2 residual tumor - macroscopic resistance airway RA Reynold's Re number pulmonary RP resistance RX recipe (dispense : used at the beginning of a prescription) Ra Radium RA rectal alimentation; rectal anesthesia ; refractory anemia ; renal artery ; repeat action ; rheumatoid arthritis ; right anterior right arm ; right atrial; right atrium ; right auricle RAAg rheumatoid arthritis agglutination RAANA rheumatoid arthritis-associated nuclear antigen RAAPI resting ankle arm pressure index RAC Remak's axis cylinder; rheumatoid arthritis cell RACAD rapid acquisition computed axial tomography Tad. radial ; radian ; radiation; radium; radius ; radix (root) RAD radian ; right axis deviation ; radiation absorbed dose; reactive airway disease ; right anterior descending RADAR radio detecting and ranging RADIAC radio-active detection, identification and countermeasures RADTS rabbit anti-dog thymus serum RAE right atrial enlargement RAF rheumatoid arthritis factor r

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

RAG RAH RAI RAIHSA RAISA RAID RAM RAM-1 RAM-2 R.A.M.C. RAMF RAMF-1 RAMF-2 RAMP RAMT RAO RAP RAPS RARLS ras. RAS RAST RAT RATG RaTx RAU RAV RAW RAWEBIT Rb RB RBA RBB RBBB RBC RBC/hpf RBC-ITO RBCM RBCV

radio-autograph; reticular apparatus of Golgi regressing atypical histiocytosis ; right atrial hypertrophy radio-active iodine radio-active iodinated human serum albumin radio-active iodinated serum albumin radio-active iodine uptake Random Access Memory; random alternating movements; rapid alternating movements rectus abdominis muscle (flap) - unilateral rectus abdominis muscle (flap) - bilateral Royal Army Medical Corps rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap rectus abdominis muscle flap - unilateral rectus abdominis muscle flap - bilateral Rifampin-AMP (Rifampicin; Rifampin; Riforal) rabbit anti-mouse thymocyte right anterior oblique rheumatoid arthritis precipitation; right atrial pressure Rapid Acute Physiology Score rabbit anti-rat lymphocyte serum rasrae (fillings; scrapings) renal artery stenosis; reticular-activating system radio-allergo-sorbent test; rheumatoid arthritis slide test radial aplasia thrombocytopenia rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin radiation therapy radio-active uptake Rous-associated virus resistance of air-way refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation Rubidium rachitic beads; red blindness; respiratory bronchiole ; Russell bodies ; Russian bath regional block anesthesia ; right brachial artery; rose bengal antigen retro-bulbar block; right bundle branch right bundle branch block red blood cell ; red blood count red blood cell per high power field red blood cell iron turn-over red blood cell mass red blood cell volume

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS RBD RBE RBER RBF RBL RBM RBP RBS RBV R.C. RC

RCA RCBF RCBV RCC RCCA RCD RCDW RCF RCFR RCG RCIA RCIARF RCITOR RCM RCN RCO RCOG RCP RCPP RCPS RCR RCS RCT RCU RCV RCVS

rheumatic brain disease relative biological effectiveness relative biological effectiveness of radiation renal blood flow Reid's base line rachial-bumini-meter ; rachial-bumini-metey retinal-binding protein random blood sugar right brachial vein Red Cross; Roman Catholic radical cystectomy; reticuloendothelial cell ; retinal correspondence ; retinitis circinata; retinitis circumpapillaris; rhinitis caseosa; rib cage ; rima cornealis; rough colony right coronary artery regional cerebral blood flow regional cerebral blood volume red cell count; renal cell carcinoma right common carotid artery relative cardiac dullness red cell diameter width; red cell distribution width red cell folate ; relative centrifugal force; root canal filling red cell flow rate retrograde cysto-gram red cell immune adherence radio contrast-induced acute renal failure red cell iron turn-over rate red cell mass ; right costal margin ; Royal College of Midwives Royal College of Nursing aliphatic acyl radical Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Royal College of Physician regional cerebral perfusion pressure Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons respiratory control ratio reticulum cell sarcoma; Royal College of Surgeons recalcified clotting time; renal clearance test; root canal treatment red cell utilization red cell volume Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons

193

R

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

RCWI R&D RD

right cardiac work index research and development Ranikhet disease ; Raynaud's disease ; reaction of generation ; reading disorders ; Reclus' disease; reduction diet; reduction division; reference delusion ; renal decortication ; resistance determinant ; retarded depression; retinal detachment; right deltoid ; road; rod ; round recommended daily allowance ; recommended dietary allowance ; right dorso-anterior (fetus position) Rheus diploid cell strain rabies vaccine random digit dial receptor-destroying enzyme ratio of decayed and filled surface Registered Dental Hygienist relative dose intensity; respiratory disturbance index; rupture delivery interval ribosomal deoxy-ribo-nucleic acid right dorso-posterior (fetus position) relative dose response respiratory distress syndrome respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn Rhenium radiation emanation ; radium emanation ; random error; rectal examination; regional enteritis ; reticuloendothelial; retinal equivalent; right ear ; right eye radio-enzymatic assay ; radiological emergency assistance receive ; recens (fresh) ; recipient ; record ; recreation; rectum receive ; receiver; recommend ; recommendation ; record received radio-electrocardiogram ; radio-electro-cardiography re-check recipient rectificatus (rectified) ; rectum Rees and Ecker's diluting fluid resting energy expenditure re-examination referee; reference ; refuse ; refused ; renal erythropoietic factor region; register; registration ; regular radio-encephalo-gram; radio-encephalo-graphy rehabilitation

RDA RDCSRV RDD RDE RDFS R.D.H. RDI rDNA RDP RDR RDS RDSN Re RE REA rec. REC rec'd RECG re-ch. recip. rect. RE-DF REE re-exam . REF reg . REG rehab .

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS REKG

REL REM REMP REMS ren L ren. sem. REO REOV rep. REP REPG rept. RER res . RES resp. ret. RET rev. REV RF RFA RFD RFER RFL RFLA RFLP RFM RFP RFPS RFS RFT

radio-electro-kardio-gram (radio-electro-cardiogram) ; radio -electro-kardio-graphy (radio-electro-cardiography) radiation exposure limit; recommended exposure limit; relative rapid eye movement ; roentgen equivalent man roentgen equivalent man period rapid eye movement sleep (paradoxical sleep) renal angle renovetur semel (shall be renewed only once) respiratory and enteric orphan respiratory and enteric orphan virus repair ; repetatur (let it be repeated); report ; representative rapid ejection period ; roentgen equivalent physical ; representative radio-electro-physiolo-graphy repetatur (let it be repeated) renal excretion rate ; respiratory exchange ratio; rough endoplasmic reticulum research; reserve; residence; resident; residue; resolution reticulo-endothelial system ; resident respectively; respiration; respiratory; response retire ; retreat; retrieve ; return roentgen equivalent therapy reverse; review ; reviewed ; revised; revision reticulo-endotheliosis virus rabbit fever; radio frequency; regurgitation factor; relative fluorescence ; releasing factor; renal failure; respiratory failure; rheumatic fever; rheumatoid factor rachitis fetalis annularis; right femoral artery ; right fore-arm ; right fronto-anterior (fetus position) residue free diet; Riga-Fede's disease radio-frequency electrophrenic respiration right fronto-lateral (fetus position) rheumatoid factor-like activity restriction fragment length polymorphism rachitis fetalis micromelica rachitic flat pelvis; right fronto-posterior (fetus position) Royal Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons relapse-free survival ; renal function study Reed-Frost theory ; right fronto-transverse (fetus position)

19 5

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

RFW RG

rapid filling wave radio-gram; radio-grapher; radio-graphy; reflexography ; retro-graphy ; right gluteal RGN Registered General Nurse rh relative humidity ; rheumatic; rheumatoid Rh Rhesus ; Rhesus factor ; Rhodium RH reactive hyperemia; relative humidity ; releasing hormone; right hand ; right hyperphoria Rhesus Rhnegative factor Rh+ Rhesus positive factor RhBF Rhodium blood factor RHBF reactive hyperemia blood flow RhBG Rhodium blood group RHD relative hepatic dullness ; rheumatic heart disease RHEP recombinant human erythro-poietin RHF right heart failure RHG-CSF recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor right hepatic lobe RHL RHLN right hilar lymph node r.h.m. roentgen-hour-meter (r6ntgen-hour-metre) RHS right hand side RI recession index; refractive index; regional ileitis; regular insulin; respiratory illness RIA radio-immuno-assay RIC Royal Institute of Chemistry RICM right inter-costal margin Respiratory Intensive Care Unit RICU RID radial immuno-diffusion ; radio-immuno-detection ; reciprocal inhibition and desensitization radial-immuno-diffusion assay RIDA RIF right iliac fossa radio-iodinated fatty acid RIFA right inguinal hernia RIH RIMA right internal mammary artery RIND resolving ischemic neurological deficit; reversible ischemic neurological disability r.i.p. redigatur in pulverem (let it be reduced to powder) ; reductus in pulverem (reduced to powder) RIP radio-immuno-precipitation ; requiescant in pace (may they rest in peace) ; requiescat in pace (may he rest in peace) ; rest in peace 196

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS RIPA RIPHH RIPT RIR RISA RIST RITA RIU RK RKY R-L R&L RL RLAR RLBCD RLC RLE RLFP RLL RLM RLN RLP RLQ RLR RLS RLU rm. RM RMA RMBF RMCA RMCBF RMK RML RMM RMP

radio-immuno-precipitation assay Royal Institute of Public Health and Hygiene radio-immuno-precipitin test right iliac region radio-active iodinated serum albumin radio-immuno-sorbent test radium intra-tumoral application radioactive iodine uptake rabbit kidney ; radial keratotomy; right kidney ; right knee roentgen-kymography right to left right and left reflected light; reflex light; reticular layer; right leg; right line ; right lower; right lung ; Ringer's lactate; round ligament repeat low anterior resection right lower border of cardiac dullness residual lung capacity right lower extremity retro-lental fibro-plasia radio-lucent line; right lower limb ; right lower lobe ; right lower lung radiation leak measurement recurrent laryngeal nerve radiation leukemia protection right lower quadrant right lateral rectus Ringer's lactate solution radiation leukemia virus roentgen-meter (rontgen-metre) radical mastectomy ; reference man; reference material ; rheumatoid myositis ; Roger murmur; room right mento-anterior (fetus position) regional myocardial blood flow right middle cerebral artery regional myo-cardial blood flow Rhesus monkey kidney right middle lobe; right middle lung radiculo-meningo-myelitis resting membrane potential; right mento-posterior (fetus position)

19 7

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

RMQ RMR RMRV rms RMS RMSF RMT RMV Rn R.N . RNA RNAG RNase RND RNE RNP RNVG R/O RO ROA ROAD ROB ROD ROE ROHT ROI ROL ROM RON ROP

ROS ROSC ROT ROU RP

19 8

right middle quadrant right medial rectus Rhesus monkey rota-virus root-mean-square resident medical staff Rocky Mountain spotted fever right mento-transverse (fetus position) respiratory minute volume Radon Registered Nurse ribo-nucleic acid radio-nuclide angio-graphy ribo-nucle-ase radical neck dissection; regional neck dissection ; regional node dissection ; round relativity not established ribo-nucleo-protein radio-nucleotide veno-graphy ruled out; rule out red-out; relative odds ; routine order range of accommodation ; received on account; right occipito-anterior (fetus position) reversible obstructive airways disease riding of bones reaction of degeneration ; renal osteo-dystrophy refraction of eye rat ovarian hyperemia test reservoir of infection right occipito-lateral (fetus position) range of motion; Read-Only Memory ; right otitis media; rupture of membrane rule of nines raphe of penis; retinopathy of prematurity; right occipito-posterior (fetus position); rupture of perineum review of system return of spontaneous circulation raphe of tongue ; remedial occupational therapy; right occipito-transverse (fetus position); rupture of tubes retroversion of uterus ; rupture of uterus reactive protein; radial pulse; rapid process ; referred pain ; refractive power; resting period ; retrograde pyelogram

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

RPA RPB RPC RPCF RPCFT RPE RPF RPG RPGN R.Ph. RPI RPKT RPL r.p.m. RPN RPO RPR RPRCT RPRT r.p.s. RPS rpt. .P R . .T RPV RQ R&R RR R.R.A. RRA RRE R.R.L. rRNA RRR RRT r.s .

RS

retinitis punctata albescens; reverse passive anaphylaxis; right pulmonary artery retinal binding protein red pulp cords Reiter protein complement fixation Reiter protein complement fixation test retinal pigment epithelium renal plasma flow retrograde pyelo-gram rapidly progressive glomerulo-nephritis Registered Pharmacist reticulocytic production index reversed Prausnitz-Kiistner test radiological path length ; retro-peritoneal lymphadenectomy revolutions per minute; rounds per minute renal papillary necrosis ; resident's progress note right posterior oblique rapid plasma reagin rapid plasma reagin card test rapid plasma reagin test rounds per second renal pressor substance; resident physician section repeat ; report Registered Physical Therapist right pulmonary vein respiratory quotient rate and rhythm ; recess and resect ; remove and replace ; rest and recuperation reaction response; radiation response ; recovery room; relative risk ; renin release; respiratory rate ; response rate Registered Record Administrator radio-receptor assay round, regular, equal Registered Record Librarian ribosomal ribo-nucleic acid regular rhythm and rate ; renin release rate relative retention time renovetur semel (shall be renewed only once) railway sickness; Reiter's syndrome ; respiratory syncytium; right side ; Ringer's solution ; Romanovsky stain; rose spots 19 9

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

RSA RSC RScA RSCA RS-cell RScP RSCV RSD RSDS RSDV RSE RS1

RSM RSNA RSP RSR

RST

RSTL RSTMH

RSV R.S.V.P RSWC R.T. RT RTA RTAS RTBC RTC RTD RTF RT+FU RTH RTOG RTPA 200

reticulum cell sarcoma; right sacro-anterior (fetus position) rested state contraction right scapulo-anterior (fetus position) right sub-clavian artery Reed-Sternberg cell right scapulo-posterior (fetus position) right sub-clavian vein reflex sympathetic dystrophy; relative standard deviation; residual standard deviation reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome respiratory sialo-dacryoadenitis virus recurrent summer eruption (hydroa vacciniforme) ; reference standard endotoxin repetitive strain injury Royal Society of Medicine Radiological Society of North America right sacro-posterior (fetus position) regular sinus rhythm radio-sensitivity test ; right sacro-transverse (fetus position) relaxed skin tension lines Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene respiratory syncytial virus; Rous sarcoma virus please reply (French: repondez s'il vous plait) right side up with care Registered Technologist radiation therapy; radio-therapy; radium therapy; reaction time; reading test ; respiratory therapy; right; right thigh; room temperature renal tubular acidosis rat thymus anti-serum Russian tick-borne complex (encephalitides) return to clinic returned; resubmission turnaround document ; resubmission turnaround documents; routine test dilution resistance transfer factor ; respiratory tract fluid radiation therapy and Fluorouracil return to hospital Radiation Therapy Oncology Group recombinant tissue plasminogen activator

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

RTS RT3U RTx ru Ru RU RU486 rub. RUE RUG RUL RUOQ rup'd rupt. RUQ RUR RURTI RUS RV RVA RVAD RVB RVD RVDV RVE RVEDP RVEDV RVEF RVEP RVESP RVESV RVET RVH RVID RVO RVOA RVOT RVPP RVR

request to send resin triiodothyronine uptake radiation therapy radiation unit Ruthenium rat unit; residual urine; resistance unit; rodent ulcer; roentgen unit (rontgen unit) abortifacient pill ruber (red) right upper extremity retrograde uretero-gram right upper limb; right upper lobe; right upper lung right upper outer quadrant ruptured rupture ; ruptured right upper quadrant resin uptake ratio recurrent upper respiratory tract infection Russia; Russian rabies vaccine; rat virus ; recreational vehicle ; residual volume; respiratory volume; return visit ; right ventricle ; rima vocalis; rubella virus right ventricular apex right ventricular assist device _ red venous blood relative vertebral density ; right ventricular dimension right ventricular diastolic volume right ventricular enlargement right ventricular end-diastolic pressure right ventricular end-diastolic volume right ventricular ejection fraction right ventricular ejection period right ventricular end-systolic pressure right ventricular end-systolic volume right ventricular ejection time reno-vascular hypertension ; right ventricular hypertrophy right ventricular internal dimension relaxed vaginal outlet right ventricular over-activity right ventricular outflow tract right ventricular pre-ejection period renal vascular resistance

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS RVRA RVRC RVS RVSV RVSWI RVT RV/TLC RVU RVVL RW

RWC RWO RX

ryt.

renal vein renin activity ; renal venous renin assay renal vein renin concentration relative value studies right ventricular stroke volume right ventricular stroke work index renal vein thrombosis residual volume / total lung capacity (ratio) relative value unit rubella virus vaccine live rag-weed ; reference woman; rose water resting wandering cell Risky work-out recipe (take) ; therapy; treatment; medication ; drug rytidosis

sine (without) spatial vector in electro-cardiology sans (without) ; semis (half) ; signa (mark; sign, write) ; sinister (left) entropy ; Salmonella ; salt; Schistosoma ; school ; second; seconds ; section ; serum; shock; short ; sick; single ; sister ; size; skin; small ; smooth ; soluble ; son ; sone; sound; south ; sphere; Spirillum ; standard; Staphylococcus ; stomach; Streptococcus ; Streptozocin ; substrate ; sulfur ; surgery ; Svedberg first heart sound; primary syphilis second heart sound ; secondary syphilis pulmonic valve closure third heart sound ; tertiary syphilis; ventricular gallop atrial gallop ; fourth heart sound Svedberg flotation unit Svedberg sedimentation unit first sacral vertebra (first sacral nerve) second sacral vertebra (second sacral nerve) ribosomal protein late latent syphilis late syphilis secundum artem (according to art; by skill) Samarium ; Saturday saccharum album; salicylic acid; Saturday; sclerotic acid; secondary amenorrhea ; secondary anemia; serum albumin; sino-atrial; sino-auricular; sinus arrest; sinus arrhythmia ; sleep apnea; sleeping area; soda ash (sodium-carbonate) ; spasmus agitans ; surface area; sustained action serum amyloid A; severe aplastic anemia; StokesAdams attack significant asymptomatic bacteriuria; sino-atrial block; spontaneous abortion ; sub-arachnoid block short arm cast; spinal-accessory chain 203

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

SACE SACH SACT SAD SAE SAECG SAF SAGES

serum angiotensin converting enzyme single axis cushioned-heel; solid ankle cushioned-heel sino-atrial conduction time seasonal affective disorder ; Stokes-Adams disease sea algae extraction signal-averaged electro-cardio-gram Saint Anthony's fire ; serum accelerator factor Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons SAH sub-arachnoid hemorrhage SAIDS simian-acquired immune deficiency syndrome SAIMR South African Institute for Medical Research s.a.1. secundum artis leges (according to the rules of art) sal. salicylate ; salimeter; saline ; saliva ; salivation SAM smoking-attributable mortality; surface active material ; systolic anterior motion SAMMEL smoking-attributable mortality, morbidity, and economic loss sino-atrial node SAN SANC short arm navicular cast stimulated acid output SAO SAO2 arterial oxygen percent saturation SAP serum alkaline phosphatase; systemic arterial pressure SAPS Simplified Acute Physiology Score SART sino-atrial recovery time short-arm splint ; sleep apnea syndrome ; Statistical SAS Analysis System ; Stokes-Adams syndrome sub-acute sclerosing pan-encephalitis SASPE saturate ; saturation; saturatus (saturated) sat. Saturday Sat. Saturday; Scholastic Aptitude Test; Senior Apperception SAT Test saturated solution sat. sol. survival and ventricular enlargement SAVE Stibium (antimony) Sb SB sacral bone ; saddle block; serum bilirubin; single breath ; sitz bath (hip bath); sleeping bag; small bowel; snow blindness; sternal border ; still-birth SbC1 3 antimony-trichloride spontaneous breathing with continuous positive airSB-CPAP way pressure breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide single SBDco SBE sea-bather's eruption; subacute bacterial endocarditis 204

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

SBF SBFT SBI SBN SBO Sb 203 Sb 205 SBOM SBP SBRN Sb 2S3 SBT SBTI SB tube SBV SBW sc sI c S.C.

Sc S&C SC

SCA SCAB SCAG scat . SCAT scat . orig. SCC SCCB SCCHN SCCM SCCV Sc.D. SCD ScDA

splanchnic blood flow small bowel follow-through (X-ray study) serious bacterial infection single breath nitrogen (test) small bowel obstruction antimony-trioxide antimony-pentoxide soy-bean oil meal spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; systemic blood pressure; systolic blood pressure sensory branch of radial nerve antimony-trisulfide serum bacterial titer soy-bean trypsin inhibitor Sengstaken-Blackmore tube single binocular vision spectral band-width without correction (eye-glasses) without correction (eye-glasses) sub cutis (sub-cutaneously) Scandium sclerae and conjunctivae saccharum canadense (maple sugar) ; saccharum candidum (rock candy) ; sacral canal; sacro-coccygeal ; salaam convulsion ; secretory component; self-care; self-cueing; serum chemistry; sickle cell ; simian crease ; sterno-clavicular; sub-clavian; subcutaneous sickle cell anemia ; Staphylococcus cereus aureus Streptozotocin, CCNU, Adriamycin, Bleomycin selective coronary angiogram scatula (box) sheep cell agglutination test; sickle cell anemia test scatula originalis (original package) small cell carcinoma; squamous cell cancer ; squamous cell carcinoma small cell carcinoma of the bone squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck Society of Critical Care Medicine squamous cell carcinoma of vulva Doctor of Science sick cell disease; subacute combined degeneration ; sudden cardiac death; sudden coronary death scapulo-dextra anterior (fetus position) 20S

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

SC disease ScDP SCDT SCE SCF SCFE SCG SCI SCID SCIDD SCIPP SCJ SCK SCL ScLA SCLC ScLP

SCM SCN Scop . SCOP SCP SCPK SCR SCT sctd . SCU SCUBA SCUF s. cut. SCV SCVCPR S/D SD

SDA S-D curve SDD 206

sickle cell disease; sickle cell-hemolglobin C disease scapulo-dextra posterior (fetus position) solid carbon dioxide therapy secretory carcinoma of endometrium Staphylococcus cereus flavus

slipped capital femoral epiphysis serum chemistry graft; sodium-cromoglycate science; scientific; spinal cord injury severe combined immune deficiency severe combined immune deficiency disorder sacro-coccygeal to inferior pubic point squamo-columnar junction serum creatine kinase soft contact lens scapulo-laeva anterior (fetus position) small cell lung cancer scapulo-laeva posterior (fetus position) Society of Computer Medicine ; sterno-cleido-mastoid seventh cranial nerve; sixth cranial nerve; Thio-cya-nate Scopolamine (Hyoscine) specialized center of research single cell protein serum creatine phospho-kinase silicon-controlled rectifier sex chromatin test ; staphylococcal clumping test scattered special care unit self-contained underwater breathing apparatus slow continuous ultra-filtration sub cutis (sub-cutaneously) sub-clavian vein simultaneous compression-ventilation cardiopulmonary resuscitation systolic / diastolic (ratio) salt diet; septal defect; serologically defined; serum defect; shoulder disarticulation ; Sippy diet ; skin dose; soft diet; spontaneous delivery; stable disease ; standard deviation; state disability ; strepto-dornase ; sudden death sacro-dextra anterior (fetus position) ; serologically defined antigen; specific dynamic action strength-duration curve sterile dry dressing

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

SDE SDH SDI SDM SDP SDR SDS SDS-PAGE SDT Se SE

sec. sec. a. secs . sed. SED sed. rate SEER seg. SEG segs. sem. SEM SEMI semih. SEO Sep. SEP sepn. Sept . seq. ser. SER sere

specific dynamic effect ; standard dose epinephrine serine de-hydrase ; sorbitol de-hydrogenase; sub-dural hematoma; succinate de-hydrogenase standard deviation index; standard deviation interval standard deviation of the mean sacro-dextra posterior (fetus position); sulfur-dioxide poisoning surgical dressing room sodium-dodecyl-sulfate ; sudden death syndrome sodium-dodecyl-sulfate poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis sacro-dextra transversa (fetus position) Selenium; September saline enema; Salmonella enteritidis ; self-examination ; side effect ; side effects ; special examination ; sphenoethmoidal suture ; standard error ; status epilepticus; systematic error second; secondary; seconds secundum artem (according to art; by skill) seconds sedimentation skin erythema dose; spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia sedimentation rate (blood) Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Result segment; segmentation ; segmentectomy ; segregation segmentectomy ; sono-encephalo-gram segmental neutrophils seminar scanning electron microscope; seminar; standard error of the mean ; systolic ejection murmur semi (half) ; sub-endocardial myocardial infarction semihora (half an hour) severe external otitis separate ; separated; September; septum sensory evoked potential; September; systolic ejection period separation septum (seven); September sequela (that which follows) ; sequential; sequestrum serial ; series; serine ; serious; service sensory evoked response; supination external rotation ; systolic ejection rate serva (preserve) ; service 20 7

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

SES sesq. SET Sf SF SFA s.f.c. SFC SFD SFE SFEMG SFM SFP SFW s.g. SG SGA s.gl. SGOT SGP SGPT SGS SGV s.h.

sh. S&H SH ShA SHb SHBD SHBG SHEP SHG SHOA SHP SHT Si 208

socio-economic status; suds enema soap sesquibora (an hour and a half) systolic ejection time Svedberg flotation unit scarlet fever; serum-fast ; spinal fluid; spotted fever; synovial fluid superficial femoral artery sub finem coctionis (towards the end of boiling) spinal fluid count salt-free diet ; silver fork deformity; small-for-date (infant) sun-flower eyes single fiber electro-myo-graphy sustentacular fibers of Miiller sodium-fluoride poisoning ; spinal fluid pressure slow-filling wave specific gravity saccharo-galactorrhea ; security guard; serum globulin ; skin graft; sun-glass; sun-glasses small for gestational age without correction; without glasses serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) serine-glycero-phosphatide serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT) silkworm gut suture salivary gland virus semihora (half an hour) share ; shoulder speech and hearing serum hepatitis; sex hormone; sinus histiocytosis ; social history ; somatotropin hormone; sulf-hydryl; surgical history shoulder amputation sulf-hemoglobin serum hydroxy-butyrate dehydrogenase sex hormone-binding globulin systolic hypertension in elderly program synthetic human gastrin secondary hypertrophic osteo-arthropathy sodium hydroxide poisoning steroid hormone therapy Silicon

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

S&I SI

SIADH

sib. sic. SIC

SICD

SICT SICU

s.i .d . SID SIDS SIDV

SIECUS Sig. SIg SIJ

Sim.

SIMM simul

SIMV SIN sing. Si02 SIOP SIP SIRS SIRT SISI SIU SIV SIW SK

SK-SD S.I.

suction and irrigation International Systems (French : Systeme International) ; sacral ilia; sacral index; saturation index; self-inflicted ; seriously ill; serum iron; soluble insulin; stimulation index; stroke index syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone sibling siccus (dried) Setchenov's inhibitory centers serum iso-citric dehydrogenase selective intra-coronary thrombolysis Surgical Intensive Care Unit semel in die (once a day) source image distance ; sudden infant death sudden infant death syndrome simian immune deficiency virus Sex Information and Education Council of the United States sigmoid; sigmoidoscopy; signa (label ; write) ; signal ; signature; signetur (let it be written) surface immuno-globulin sacro-iliac joint simul (at once; at the same time) Single In-Line Memory Module simul (at once; at the same time) synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation squamous intraepithelial neoplasia singulorum (of each) silicon-dioxide International Society of Pediatric Oncologists sickness impact profile soluble immune response suppressor simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique short increment sensitivity index International Systems of (Metric) Units (French: Systeme International d'Unites) situs inversus viscerum self-inflicted wound sclerosing keratitis; seborrheic keratosis; skin; streptokinase ; syncytial knot ; syphilitic kidney streptokinase - streptodornase sequenti luce (the following day) 20 9

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

sl. SL SLA SLAC SLB SLC SLDH SLDR SLE SLEV SLH SLI SLKC SLL SLN SL-0 SLP SLR SLRT SLS slt. SLT SLWC sm. Sm S.M .

SM

SMA SMA-6 SMA-12 SMA-20 SMA-60 SMAC 210

slight ; slightly ; slim; slope; slow saccharum lactis (lactose ; sugar of milk); sensational level; serious list ; straight line; strepto-lysin; sub-lingual sacro-laeva anterior (fetus position) ; slide latex agglutination; swine lymphocyte antigen scaphoid lunate advanced-collapse short leg brace short leg cast serum lactic de-hydrogenase sub-lethal damage repair Saint Louis encephalitis ; systemic lupus erythematosus Saint Louis encephalitis virus Starling's law of heart; stella lentis hyaloidea splenic localization index; Starling's law of intestine; stella lentis iridica superior limbic kerato-conjunctivitis stria longitudinalis lateralis

superior laryngeal nerve strepto-lysin O sacro-laeva posterior (fetus position); sex limited protein straight leg raising; Streptococcus lactis R straight leg raising test short-leg splint ; superior longitudinal sinus slight ; salt sacro-laeva transverse (fetus position) short leg walking cast small Samarium Scientiae Magister (Master of Science) Saccharomyces; slow motion; Strepto-mycin; sub-mucous; suction method ; systolic mean ; systolic murmur sequential multiple analysis ; sequential multiple analyzer; smooth muscle antibody; superior mesenteric artery; supplementary motor area sequential multiple analysis - 6 different serum tests sequential multiple analysis - 12 channel biochemical profile sequential multiple analysis - 20 chemical constituents tests sequential multiple analysis - 60 chemical constituents tests Sequential Multiple Analyzer Computer

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS SMAF SMAR SMAS SMAST SMBV SMC SMD SMF SMI SML SMO SMON SMOTTA SMP smr. SMR SMRR SMS SMV SMX s.n . Sri

S/N SN

SNAP SNB SNHL SNM SNN SNOP s.n .p .

SNP SNR SNRT SNS s.n .v.

S.O.

specific macrophage arming-actor Schafer's method of artificial respiration superficial muscular aponeurotic system Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test suckling mouse brain vaccine seleno-methylnor-cholesterol Strumpell-Marie disease; senile macular degeneration Streptozocin, Mitomycin, Fluorouracil sodium-morrhuate injection superior malleolar ligament Senior Medical Officer subacute myelo-optic neuropathy synthetic medium old tuberculin trichloroacetic acid simultaneous macular perception ; slow moving protease ; Sunday morning paralysis smear somnolent metabolic rate ; standard morbidity ratio; standard mortality ratio; sub-mucous resection sub-mucous resection and rhinoplasty soft medicinal soap; stiff man syndrome sub-mento-vertex sulfa-metho-xazole secundum naturam (according to nature) Stannum (tin) serial number; signal / noise (ratio) saddle nose; secretory nerve; senior ; sensory nerve; serial number; sexual neurosis ; somatic nerve; spinal nerve; spoon nail ; student nurse; superficial necrosis ; super-natural; suprasternal notch ; surgical neck sensory nerve action potential scalene node biopsy sensori-neural hearing loss Society of Nuclear Medicine stab-nuclear neutrophil Systematized Nomenclature of Pathology signa nomine proporio (label with the proper name) Saturday night paralysis; sodium-nitro-prusside signal-to-noise ratio sinus node recovery time sympathetic nervous system si non valeat (if it is not enough) scatula originalis (original package)

S SO SOZ SOA SOAE SOAMCA SOAP SOB

SOBW

soc. SOC

SOCA SOD SODAS SOE Sol.

SOL soln. solv.

SOLVD SOM SOMI

SOMIB

Sono. SOP

S.O .S .

SOS SOW S .P .

sp.

S/P SP

2SP 212

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

salpingo-oophorectomy; sense organ; sex organ; stitches out ; subtotal operation; superior oblique; superior olive; sutures out; sympathetic ophthalmia sulfur-dioxide spirit of ammonia; swelling of the ankles spontaneous oto-acoustic emission superficial occipital artery to middle cerebral artery Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan shortness of breath shortness of breath with exertion social ; society sequential-type oral contraceptive; spirit of camphor; stretching of contractures study of ocular complications of AIDS stabilization of disease; super-oxide- dismutase Spheroidal Oral Drug Absorption System salpingo-ovariectomy ; spasm of esophagus solubilis (soluble) ; solutio (solution) space-occupying lesion solution solve (dissolve) studies of the left ventricular dysfunction secretory otitis media; serous otitis media; spirit of mustard sternal-occipital-mandibular immobilization sternal-occipital-mandibular immobilization brace sonoencephalogram; sonogram ; sonography; sonometer Standard Operating Procedure only one dose; si opus sit (if it is needed ; if necessary) softening of stomach (gastromalacia) staff of Wrisberg sine prole (without issue) ; single pole special; specialis (specialist) ; species; specific ; specimen ; sperm; spermatid; spine; spiritus (spirit) ; spleen ; spoon status post; status posted ; surgical procedure saccharum purificatum (pure white sugar) ; sacrum to pubis; shunt procedure; sinus pause; skin potential; sleeping pill; sleeping pills; speaker; specialist ; status post ; status posted; suicide precautions; steady potential ; summating potential; supra-pubic; symphysis pubis; systolic pressure transport medium (used for mycoplasma isolation)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS SPA SPAI spat . SPBI SPC SPCA SPCC SPCT SPE spec . spect . SPECT SPEM SPEP SPF sp . fl . sp . gr. sph . SPH SPHM sp . ht . SPI SPIA spir. spis . SPISA SPK SPL SPMG S/P-O SPOOL SPORE SPP SPRINT SPS

SPSB spt. SPTI

single photon absorptiometry; supra-pubic aspiration steroid protein activity index spatula (blade ; spatula) serum protein-bound iodine saturated phosphatidylcholine concentration serum prothrombin conversion accelerator ; Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children simultaneous prism and cover test serum protein electrophoresis special ; specialis (specialist) ; specific ; specification ; specimen ; spectroscopy ; speculum spectroscopy single photon emission computed tomography ; single positron emission computed tomography smooth pursuit eye movements serum protein electro-phoresis specific pathogen free; sun protection factor spinal fluid specific gravity spherical ; spherical lens ; sphingosine secondary pulmonary hemosiderosis spectro-pyr-helio-meter specific heat serum precipitable iodine solid phase immuno-assay spiritus (spirit) spissus (dried) solid phase immuno-sorbent assay speaker ; superficial punctuate keratitis sound pressure level ; spool stereo-photo-micro-graph status post-operative simultaneous peripheral operation on line Specialized Programs of Research Excellence supra-pubic prostatectomy Special Psychiatric Rapid Intervention Team

sodium-polyanethol-sulfonate ; standards of physiological sleep; sulfite-polymyxin-sulfadiazine ; superior petrosal sinus seclusio pupillae siderosis bulbi spiritus (spirit) systolic pressure time index 21 3

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

SPV sq .

SQ sq. cm. SQUID sr. Sr S&R SR

SRBC SRC SRF SRFA SRH SRIF SRM S.R.N. sRNA SRNV SROM SRS SRS-A SRT SRV1 SRV2 SRY ss s/s ss .

S&S SS

214

single patient visit sequentia (following; sequential) ; square square ; subcutaneous (injection) square centimeter (square centimetre) Superconducting Quantum Interference Device steradian senior ; sister; Strontium smooth and rough secretion rate ; sedimentation rate ; senior ; sensitivity response; side rails; sigma reaction ; single room ; sinus rhythm ; sister ; skin resistance ; stimulation ratio; superior rectus; surgery room; sustained release; swallowing reflex; system review ; systemic resistance sheep red blood cell sedimented red cell ; sheep red cell skin reactive factor; somatotropin releasing factor; split renal function ; sub-retinal fluid slow-reacting factor of anaphylaxis somatotropin-releasing hormone; stigmas of recent hemorrhage somatotropin-releasing inhibiting factor Standard Reference Materials State Registered Nurse (of Britain and Wales) soluble ribo-nucleic acid sub-retinal neo-vascularization spontaneous rupture of membrane slow-reacting substance slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis sedimentation rate test; speech reception threshold simian retro-virus type 1 simian retro-virus type 2 sex-determining region Y semis (one-half) signs and symptoms; swish and swallow semis (one-half) signs and symptoms ; swish and swallow saber shin ; saline solution; saliva sample ; Salmonella Schottmulleri; Salmonella-Shigella ; salpingo-; salpingostomy; salpingoscope; saturated solution ; Sezary syndrome; single side ; single-sided ; single source ; single-stranded; sleeping sickness; soap-suds; somato-statin; straight sinus; super-saturated; synchronized sleep; systemic sclerosis

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

SSA SSAT SSAV SSc SSC SSCER SSD ssDNA SSE SSEP SSER

SSI SSKI SSL SSM SSN

SSNHL

SSPE

ssRNA S.S .S .

SSS

SSSS SSTZ SSU s.s.v. SSV s .t . St .

ST

S.T.37

salicyl-salicylic acid; skin sensitizing antibody ; Social Security Administration salicyl-sulfonic acid test simian sarcoma-associated virus systemic sclerosis similia similibus curantur somato-sensory cortically evoked response source to skin distance single-stranded deoxyribo-nucleic acid soap-suds enema somato-sensory evoked potential somato-sensory evoked response; smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum Social Security Income saturated solution of kalium-iodide (saturated solution of potassium-iodide) second stage of labor sulfapyridine- sodium-monohydrate ; superficial spreading melanoma Social Security Number sudden sensori-neural hearing loss subacute sclerosing pan-encephalitis single-stranded ribo-nucleic acid stratum super stratum (layer upon layer) scalded skin syndrome; sick sinus syndrome ; specific soluble substance; sterile saline soak; subclavian steal syndrome ; super-saturated solution staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome succinyl-sulfa-thia-zole sterile supply unit sub signo veneni (under a poison label) simian sarcoma virus; strabismus sursum vergens sumat talem (take one such) stand; station; stet (let it stand) ; stetem (let them stand) ; stitch ; stomach; stone; straight ; street Salmonella typbimurium; Salmonella typbosa; sedimentation time; serving time ; sick-time; skin test; slight trace; smokeless tobacco; sore throat ; spinal tap; stable toxin; standard time; standardized test; station; sterno-thyroid; stress test; stroke ; sub-talar; sub-total; surface tension; survival time hexylresorcinol (proprietary germicide and disinfectant) 21 5

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

STA stab. STA-MCA Staph. stat. STATS STc STC STCLV STD STEAM STEL stg. STGC STH STI STJ STLI STM STND STOC STOP STP STPD STR Strep. STRs STS STSG STT STTI STU STV STVA STZ SU SUA sub. subcu. 216

serum thrombotic accelerator; standard tube agglutination ; station; superficial temporal artery stabbed; stabilization; stabilizer superficial temporal artery - middle cerebral artery Staphylococcus statim (immediately)

statistics sinus tachy-cardia soft tissue calcification simian T-cell leukemia virus sexually transmitted disease; skin test dose; skin-tumor distance ; standard test dose; standard Streptonigrin, Thioguanine, Endoxan, Actinomycin D, Mitomycin C short-term exposure limit storage syncytial trophoblastic giant cell somato-tropic hormone systolic time interval sub-talar joint sub-total lymphoid irradiation Streptomycin ; short-term memory standard sequential-type oral contraceptive Swedish treatment of older people standard temperature and pressure standard temperature and pressure - dry simple tumor removal; soft tissue rheumatism Streptococcus

superficial tendon reflexes serological test for syphilis split-thickness skin graft scapho-trapezio-trapezoid ; serial thrombin time systemic tension-time index skin test unit simian Tvirus sub-total villose atrophy Strep-to-zocin saccharum ustum (burnt sugar; caramel); Sunday serum uric acid subinde (frequently) ; substitute; subtract ; subtraction subcutaneous

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

SUBG subin. subj. sub q suc. SUD SUDS SUID SUIDS sum. sum. tal Sun . SUN sup. supp . Sur. surg . SUS susp. SUUD S.V.

SV

SV40 SVA SVAS SVB SVBG SVC SVC-CPR SVCG SVC-RPA SVGS SVD SVF SVG SVI SVM

Skene's urethral and Bartholin's glands subinde (frequently) subject subcutaneous succus (juice) sudden unexpected death; sudden unexplained death sudden unexplained death syndrome sudden unexplained infant death sudden unexplained infant death syndrome sumat (let him/her take); sume (take) ; sumendum (to be taken) sumat talem (take one such) Sunday serum urea nitrogen ; Sunday superior ; supervisos (supervisor; having looked over) suppositoria (suppository) surgery; surgical surgery; surgical stained urinary sediment suspensio (a hanging; suspension) sudden unexpected unexplained death spiritus vini (alcoholic spirit) Salk vaccine ; simian virus; snake venon; stroke volume; subclavian vein ; supra-vital simian virus 40 (simian vacuolating virus 40) supra-ventricular activity supra-valvular aortic stenosis supra-ventricular beats saphenous vein bypass graft service; simultaneous ventilation compression; slow vital capacity; superior vena cava simultaneous ventilation compression - cardiopulmonary resuscitation spatial vector-cardio-gram superior vena cava - right pulmonary artery superior vena cava syndrome Saint Vitus' dance; spontaneous vaginal delivery; spontaneous vertex delivery Staphylococcus viridis flavescens saphenous vein graft stroke volume index syncytial vascular membrane 21 7

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

SV02 mixed venous oxygen saturation S.V.P . si vires permittant (if the strength will permit) SVPB supra-ventricular premature beat SVPTC supra-ventricular paroxysmal tachy-cardia S.v.r. spiritus vini rectificatus (alcohol; rectified spirit of wine) SVR stroke volume ratio; supra-ventricular rhythm ; systemic vascular resistance SVRI systemic vascular resistance index S.v.t . spiritus vini tenuis (proof spirit) SVTa supra-ventricular tachy-arrhythmia SVTC supra-ventricular tachy-cardia Sv. unit Sievert unit (a unit of gamma-ray dose) S.V.V. spiritus vini vitis (brandy) SW salt water; sea-water; short-wave ; silk-worm; sleep walking; slow wave; spiral wound; stab wound; stroke work; switch SWD short-wave diathermy SWGS silk-worm gut suture SWI stroke work index SWS slow-wave sleep Sx sign; signs ; symptom; symptoms Sy. syphilis ; syrup SYI seven-year itch (scabies) Sym. symbol ; symmetrical; symmetry ; symptom; symptoms sync . synchronization ; synchronize Syr. syrupus (sirup ; syrup) Sys. syssarcosis; systasis ; system ; systematic; systemoid; systole syst. systasis ; system ; systematic; systemoid; systole Syzy. syzygiology; syzygium; syzygy Sz. seizure; Strepto-zocin

TCR

throat culture - beta strep tablespoon ; teaspoon ; temporal ; tertiary ; tight; time; ton ; true T absolute temperature ; kinetic energy ; tablespoon ; Taenia ; tail; tall; tape; taste; tea; tear; tears; teaspoon; teeth; telephone ; temperature; temporal ; tense ; tera(= 10' 2 ); terminal; tesla ; testis ; thorax; Threonine ; throat ; Thymidine; Thymine ; tight; time; tissue ; tocopherol; tolerance ; ton ; tongue ; tooth ; torque; transform ; transmittance ; transverse; treatment ; Treponema ; Trichophyton; true; Trypanosoma ; tumor T° temperature T+ increased intraocular tension decreased Tintraocular tension half-life ; half-time t1/2 tricuspid TI valve closure T3 tri-iodothyronine T4 thyroxine T1 first thoracic vertebra; longitudinal relaxation time; tumor 1 T2 second thoracic vertebra ; transverse relaxation time; tumor 2 T3 tumor 3 T4 tumor 4 T 13-15 trisomy 13-15 - chromosomal abnormality T 17-18 trisomy 17-18 - severe deformity and mental retardation T 21 Down's syndrome (mongolism) T-1824 Evans blue Th temperature of hypothalamus tm temperature - midpoint temperature Tm - melting time maximum concentration Tmax Tmg maximal tubular reabsorption of glucose T temperature - set-point Ta Tantalum t

219

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

T&A TA

TAA TAAb TA-AIDS TAANA tab. TAb TAB tabs. TAB-vac. TAC tach . tachy. TAD TADAC TAF TAH TAH-BSO tal. TAL TAM TAMI TANI TAO Tap. TAPVC TAPVD TAPVR TAR 220

tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy alkaline tuberculin; axillary temperature; tarsal amputation ; tarsal arches ; Teaching Assistant; thenal aspect; therapeutic abortion; titratable acid; toxin-antitoxin; tropical abscess; tumor antigen thoracic aortic aneurysm; thyroid auto-antibody ; transfusion-associated AIDS; tumor-associated antibody; tumor-associated antigen teichoic acid anti-body transfusion-associated acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome The American Association of Nurse Attorneys tabella (tablet) therapeutic abortion therapeutic abortion tablets typhoid-paratyphoid A and B vaccine Tetracaine, Adrenalin, Cocaine; total abdominal colectomy tachometer ; tachycardia tachycardia Thioguanine, Ara-C, Daunorubicin ; thoracic asphyxiant dystrophy ; transient acantholytic dermatosis Therapeutic Abortion, Dilation, Aspiration, Curettage tissue angiogenic factor ; toxoid-antitoxoid flocculus; trypsin aldehyde fuchsin; tumor angiogenic factor total abdominal hysterectomy total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingooophorectomy tales (such a one) ; talia (such a one) ; talis (such a one) thymic alympho-plasia Tamoxifen; toxoid antitoxoid mixture thrombolysis and angioplasty in myocardial infarction total axial node irradiation thrombo-angiitis obliterans ; tri-acetyl-oleandomycin (Troleandomycin) Tapazole total anomalous pulmonary venous connection total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage total anomalous pulmonary venous return thrombocytopenia absent radius ; tissue-air ratio; treatment authorization request

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

TARA TARS TASA TAT tb. t.b. Tb TB TBA TBD TBE TBF TB fever TBG TBGP TBH TBI TBII

T. bili . TBK TBL TBLC

TBM TBP TBPA TbRD tbs. TBS TBSA tbsp . TBT TBUA TBV TBW TBx Tc

total articular resurfacing arthroplasty ; tumor-associated rejection antigen thrombocytopenia absent radius syndrome tumor-associated surface antigen tetanus anti-toxin ; Thematic Apperception Test; thromboplastin activation test ; toxin-anti-toxin ; turnaround time; tyrosine amino-transferase table tere bene (rub well) ; tubercle bacillus ; tuberculosis Terbium; tubercle bacillus ; tuberculin; tuberculosis temporal bone ; terminal bronchiole ; total base ; total body ; tracheo-bronchitis ; tubercle bacillus ; tuberculin; tuberculosis tertiary butyl-acetate; testosterone-binding affinity ; thio-barbituric acid; to be announced total body density tick-borne encephalitis ; tuberculin bacillary emulsion total body fat tick-borne fever thyroxine-binding globulin total blood granulocyte pool total body hematocrit thyroxine-binding index; total body irradiation TSH-BII (thyroid-stimulating hormone binding inhibitory immunoglobulin) total bilirubin total body kalium (total body potassium) table term-birth living child tuberculosis meningitis Bithionol; thyroxine-binding protein; tick-bite paralysis thyroxine-binding pre-albumin tuberculosis respiratory disease tablespoon ; tablespoonful total body solute ; tri-bromo-salicylanilide total body surface area tablespoon ; tablespoonful tracheo-bronchial toilet thio-barbit-uric acid total blood volume total body water; total body weight whole body irradiation one billion cycles; Technetium ; tetanic contraction 22 1

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

T&C TC

TCA TCAD TC-ALL TCAP WAR TCB TCBS TCC TCD TCDso TCDD TCE T cell T-cell TCF TCG TCGF TCH TCi TO TCID TCIDso TCIE TCL TCM TCMA TCMI TCMIF TCN TCNB TCNS TCO

turn and cough; type and crossmatch tauro-cholate; technical component; temperature compensation; temporary carrier; tetra-cycline; thenar cleft; thermal capacity ; thermal conductivity ; throat culture; tissue culture; total cholesterol; total culture; total cystectomy ; totally cured; trans-cobalamin; tuberculin contagious ; tubo-curarine; tympanic cavity transluminal coronary angioplasty; tri-carboxylic acid ; trichlor-acetic acid tri-cylic anti-depressent thymus cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia Triazinate, Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Platinol thymus cell antigen receptor throat culture - beta strep; total cardiopulmonary bypass ; total color blindness thiosulfate citrate bile salts transitional cell carcinoma ; tri-chloro-carbanilide thermal conductivity detector; tissue culture dose tissue culture dose - 50% tetra-chloro-dibenzo-dioxin tri-chloro-ethylene thymus-derived cell thymus-derived cell total coronary flow tele-cardio-gram ; tele-cardio-graphy ; time compensation gain; time-controlled gain thymus cell growth factor total circulating hormone tetra-Curie transient cerebral ischemia tissue culture infective dose tissue culture infective dose - 50% transient cerebral ischemic episode tendo calcaneus lengthening tissue culture media; Traditional Chinese Medicine trans-cortical motor aphasia thymus cell-mediated immunity tumor cell migration inhibition factor tetra-cycline Tecnazene trans-cutaneous nerve stimulator total contact orthosis

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

TCP TCPB TOW2 TOO2 tcRNA TCSA TCT t.d. TD

TDso TD/5/5 TD/50/5 T-DA TDD TDE TDEE TDF TDG TDI TDL TDM TDN tDNA TDP TDPA t.d.s. TDT Te TE

tele-cardio-phone ; tri-calcium phosphate; tri-cresyl phosphate; tumor control probability total cardio-pulmonary bypass trans-cutaneous carbon dioxide pressure ; transcutaneous carbon dioxide tension trans-cutaneous oxygen pressure ; trans-cutaneous oxygen tension translation control ribo-nucleic acid tetra-chloro-salicyl-anilide thrombin clotting time ; theca cell tumor (thecoma) tempori dextro (to the right temple) differentiated teratoma ; temporary disability ; tetanusdiphtheria; thoracic duct ; through drainage; thymusdependent; tolerance dose; tone deafness ; torsion dystonia ; toxic delirium; transverse diameter; treatment discontinued toxic dose - median tolerance dose - minimum tolerance dose - maximum TSH-DA (thyroid-stimulating hormone displacing antibody) Telecommunication Device for the Deaf; thoracic duct drainage tetrachloro-diphenyl-ethane total daily energy expenditure thoracic duct fistula; thoracic duct flow ; time dose factor ; tumor dose fractionation toko-dynamo-graph toluene di-isocyanate ; total dose infusion thoracic duct lymph therapeutic drug monitoring ; toko-dynamo-meter; tour de maitre (method) total digestible nutrients transfer deoxyribo-nucleic acid thermal death point; thoracic duct pressure tera-decanoyl-phorbol acetate ter die sumendum (to be taken 3 times a day) thermal death time ; tone decay test; tumor doubling time Tellurium; tetanus threshold energy; tissue-equivalent; total estrogen ; toxic encephalitis ; tracheo-esophageal 22 3

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS TEA TEAC TEAE-C TEBG T&EC TECG tech. TED TEDD TEE TEECG TEF Teff 1/2 TEG TEIBQ TEL tele . TEM TEMP TEMW TEN TENS TEP TEPA TEPP ter. tert . TES TESD TET TETD TEV TEW TF TFA TFCC TFE Tfr. TFS 22 4

tetra-ethyl acid ; tetra-ethyl-ammonium tetra-ethyl-ammonium chloride tri-ethyl-amino-ethyl cellulose testosterone estradiol-binding globulin trauma and emergency center transesophageal echo-cardio-graphy technical; technician ; technology Tasks of Emotional Development; threshold erythema dose ; thrombo-embolic disease total end-diastolic diameter total energy expenditure ; tyrosine-ethyl-ester traps-esophageal echo-cardio-graphy thermic effect of food ; tracheo-esophageal fistula tumor effective half-life telero-entgeno-graphy; thrombo-elasto-gram tri-ethylene-imino-benzo-quinone telephone telemetry; telepathy; telephone transmission electron microscope ; tri-ethylene-melamine temperature; temporary thermic effect of muscular work toxic epidermal necrolysis transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation thrombo-endo-phlebectomy ; tracheal esophageal puncture tri-ethylene-phosphor-amide tetra-ethyl-pyro-phosphate tere (rub) tertiarius (tertiary) transcutaneous electrical stimulation total end-systolic diameter treadmill exercise test tetra-ethyl-thiuram-disulfide talipes equino-varus thermic effect of work tactile fremitus ; thymol flocculation; toxic fume ; transfer factor; transfer function ; tuberculin filtrate; tubular fluid total fatty acids triangular fibro-cartilage complex tetra-fluoro-ethylene transfer testicular feminization syndrome

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

TFT TF test Tg TG TGA TGAR TGES TGF TGFa TGFA TGFb TGT TGV Th TH ThA THA TRAM THBR THC THCG THDC TH disease Theo. THF THFA THP THR thru THUM Thur. Thurs. THz Ti TI

thyroid function tests; tight finger-tip; tri-fluorothyronidine (Trifluridine) tuning-fork test Thioguanine tendon graft; hhyro-globulin ; toxic goiter ; tri-glycerides hhyro-globulin antibodies; transient global amnesia; transposition of great arteries total graft area rejected transmissible gastro-enteritis of swine therapeutic gain factor; transforming growth factor transforming growth factor a tri-glyceride fatty acid transforming growth factor b thromboplastin generation test; thromboplastin generation time thoracic gas volume ; transposition of great vessels thigh; thoracic ; Thorium; Thursday thigh; thoracic ; Thursday; thyroid hormone thigh amputation total hip arthroplasty ; total hydroxy-apatite ; transient hemisphere attack tris-hydroxymethyl-amino-methane (Tromethamine) thyroid hormone-binding ratio tetra-hydro-ca nnabinol (hashish ; marijuana) ; tetrahydro-cortisone ; trans-hepatic cholangiogram trans-hepatic cholangio-gram tetra-hydro-deoxy-corticosterone thyroid heart disease Theocin; Theolix; Theophylline tetra-hydro-folate ; tetra-hydro-furan tetra-hydro-folic acid total hydroxy-proline threonine; Thursday; total hip replacement; through Tamm-Horsfall urinary mucoprotein Thursday Thursday tera-Hertz Titanium thoracic index; through illumination ; time in ; time interval ; tincture of iodine ; total input ; total ion; transverse inlet; tricuspid incompetence ; tricuspid insufficiency 22 5

T

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

TIA TIBC TIBD TIC TI cell

transient ischemic attack total iron-binding capacity tetrahydro-imidazo-benzo-d1azepinone trypsin inhibitory capacity Turk's irritation cell ter in die (three times a day) titrated initial dose transient ischemic episode tumor inhibitory factor tetanus immune globulin trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine tumor infiltrating lymphocytes; Turk's irritation leukocyte thrombolysis in myocardial infarction ter in nocte (3 times a night) tubular interstitial nephropathy tinctura (tincture) tincture of iodine poisoning tumor in situ Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System Treponema immobilization test; tri-iodo-thyronine thoracic inferior vena cava tendon jerk ; toxic jaundice ; triceps jerk ; trochoid joint total joint replacement thymidine kinase ; traumatic keratitis; true knot traps-ketolase activity to-ko-dynamo-graph to-ko-dynamo-meter to keep open total knee replacement Thallium temporal lobe; thermo-luminescence ; total lipids ; total loss; toxic lesion ; trial of labor; triangular lamella; tubal ligation ; tuperculoid leprosy thymus leukemia antigen traps-lumbar aorto-gram traps-luminal angio-plasty tender loving care; thin-layer chromatography ; total lung capacity ; total lung compliance; total lymphocyte count thin-layer chromatography screen thermal luminescent dosimeter; tumor lethal dose Toulouse-Lautrec disease

t.i .d .

TID TIE TIF TIG TIIV TIL TIMI t.i.n. TIN tinc. TIP TIS TISS TIT TIVC TJ TJR TK TKA TKDG TKDM TKO TKR TI TL TLA TLAG TLAP TLC TLCS TLD TL Disease 22 6

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS TLE TLG TLH TLI TLP TLSO TLV Tm TM TMA TMAb TMB TMD TMF TMI TMJ TMJD TMJI TMJS TML TMM TMN TMP TMP-SMX TMR TMST TMT TMTD TMV Tn TN TNF tng. TNG TNI TNM TNMR TNP

thin-layer electrophoresis tarsal lacrimal glands ; tele-radio-graphy total laparoscopic hysterectomy thymidine labelling index ; total lymphoid irradiation tubo-ligamentary pregnancy thoracic lumbo-sacral orthosis threshold limit value; total lung volume Thulium technical manual ; tectorial membrane ; temporal mandibular ; trademark; transcendental meditation ; tremolo massage; tropical medicine ; tympanic membrane Tooth's muscular atrophy; tri-methoxy-amphetamine thyroid microsomal anti-body transient monocular blindness temporal mandibular disorder thymocyte mitogenic factor trans-mandibular implant temporo-mandibular joint temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction temporo-mandibular joint inflammation temporo-mandibular joint syndrome tetra-methyl lead Thayer-Martin medium tumor-node metastasis trans-membrane pressure ; trimethoxyphenyl-methylpyrimidinediamine (Trimethoprim) Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole tissue maximum ratio tread-mill stress test tarso-meta-tarsal ; Thiram tetra-methyl-thiuram-disulfide (Thiram) tobacco mosaic virus normal intraocular tension; Thoron tension; total needs; totally neutral; transfusion nephritis; trifacial neuralgia ; trigeminal neuralgia; tubal nephritis tumor necrosis factor training tri-nitro-glycerin total nodal irradiation tumor, nodes, metastasis tritium nuclear magnetic resonance tri-nitro-phenyl 227

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

TNS TNT TNTC TNZ t.o. TO TOA TOC TOCP TOC syn. TOD TOEI TOG TOL TOMHS tomo . tomos top. TOP TOPS TOPV TORCH TORP TOS TOU TOX TP

t-PA TPA TPBF TPC TPCCF TPCF

TPD TPE 22 8

transcutaneous nerve stimulator tri-vitro-toluene too numerous to count thermo-neutral zone turn over telephone order; time out; tincture of opium; total output; total oxygen; tuberculin (original) ; tubo-ovarian tubo-ovarian abscess test of cure tri-ortho-cresyl-phosphate thoracic outlet compression syndrome target-object distance tissue oxygen extraction index tension of gases trial of labor treatment of mild hypertension study tomogram ; tomography tomograms topically termination of pregnancy; tincture of opium; toxemia of pregnancy; tubo-ovarian pregnancy Take Off Pounds Sensibly (name of an organization) trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine Toxoplasmosis, Other infections, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus infection, Herpes simplex total ossicular reconstructive prosthesis thoracic outlet syndrome tumor of uterus toxicity ; toxicoderma; toxicology ; toxicomania; toxicophobia testosterone propionate (male hormone); threshold potential; total protein; Trendelenburg position ; Treponema pallidum ; tri-phosphate ; Tryptophan ; tubal pregnancy; tube precipitin ; tuberculin precipitation tissue plasminogen tissue plasminogen activator; total parenteral alimentation; Treponema pallidum agglutination total pulmonary blood flow total procto-colectomy Treponema pallidum cryolysis complement fixation Treponema pallidum complement fixation two-point discrimination total protected environment

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS TPH TPHA TPI TPIA TPIT TPM TPN TPP TPPN TPR TPRI TPS TPSS TPT TPTI TPTZ TPVR TQ tr. TR trach. TR-AIDS TRAMF trans. TRAP TRBF TRBHC TRC TRDNB THE TRF TRFC TRG

thymus persistens hyperplastica; transplacental hemorrhage Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay Treponema pallidum immobilization ; Treponema pallidum isomerase; triose phosphate isomerase Treponema pallidum immobilization adherence; Treponema pallidum immune adherence Treponema pallidum immobilization test temporary pace-maker; tri-phenyl-methane total parenteral nutrition; triorthocresyl phosphate neuropathy ; triphospho-pyridine-nucleotide thiamine pyro-phosphate ; trans-pulmonary pressure total peripheral parenteral nutrition; tri-phospho-pyridine nucleotide temperature, pulse, respiration ; testosterone production rate ; total peripheral resistance ; total pulmonary resistance total pulmonary resistance index two-point sensibility ; Trypsin (Parenzymoil) tumor poly-saccharide substance Treponema pallidum test ; typhoid para-typhoid (vaccine) thyro-para-thyro-idectomy tri-pyridyl-tria-zine total peripheral vascular resistance tocopherol-quinone ; triple quartan tinctura (tincture) ; treatment tetrazolium reduction; total reaction ; total resistance ; total response ; trace; transfer rate ; tricuspid regurgitation; Trypsin; tuberculin residue; tubular reabsorption tracheal ; tracheography; tracheoscopy ; tracheostomy transfusion related acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap transaldolase; transfer ; transformer; transistor ; translate ; translation ; transport tartarate-resistant acid phosphatase total renal blood flow trans-rectal biopsy of hypercholeic cancer tanned red cells; total ridge count transient respiratory distress of the newborn true radiation emission thymus-replacing factor ; thyrotropin-releasing factor total rosette-forming cell tele-roentgeno-graphy; tele-rontgeno-graphy 22 9

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

TRH TRI TRIA T2-RIA T3-RIA T4 RIA trid. trig . TRIS trit. tRNA TRNG Trp TRP TRS trt. TRU T3RU TRUS TRUSG Try t.s. TS

TSA TSB TSC TSc-1 TSc-2 TSD TSE TSF TSH TSH-BII TSH-DA TSH-RF TSI TSLS 230

thyrotropin-releasing hormone tetrazolium reduction inhibition thyroid radio-isotope assay di-iodothyronine radio-immuno-assay tri-iodothyronine radio-immuno-assay thyroxine radio-immuno-assay triduum (3 days) triglycerides; trigonometry ; trigger Trisamine (Tromethamine) ; tris buffer tritura (grind ; triturate) transfer ribo-nucleic acid tetracycline resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae; training Tryptophan tubular reabsorption of phosphate triaxial reference system; tumor reduction surgery; tumor reductive surgery treatment turbidity reducing unit tri-iodothyronine resin uptake trans-rectal ultra-sound trans-rectal ultra-sono-graphy Tryptophan tempori sinistro (to the left temple) temperature sensitive; test solution ; thoracic surgery; threshold stimulus ; tinea sycosis; tongue-swallowing; trans-sexual ; transient sound; tricuspid stenosis; tropical sprue total shoulder arthroplasty ; trypticase soy agar ; tuberculin skin anergy ; tumor-specific antigen trypticase soy broth technetium sulfur colloid; thio-semi-carbizide tuberous sclerosis type 1 tuberous sclerosis type 2 target-skin distance ; Tay-Sachs disease testicular self-examination ; tri-sodium-edetate thyroid-stimulating factor ; triceps skin-fold thyroid-stimulating hormone thyroid-stimulating hormone binding inhibitory immuno-globulin thyroid-stimulating hormone displacing antibody thyroid-stimulating hormone releasing factor thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin ; triple-sugar iron toxic shock-like syndrome

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

therapia sterilisans magna teaspoon ; teaspoonful total serum protein ; tri-sodium-phosphate ; tropical spastic paraparesis TSPAP total serum prostatic acid phosphatase T-spine thoracic spine TSR thyroid to serum ratio TSS toxic shock syndrome TSS-T1 toxic shock syndrome - toxin 1 TST tumor skin test; two-step test TSTA tumor-specific transplantation antigens TS test two-step test TSY trypticase soy yeast T&T tone and turgor TT tablet triturates; teratoid tumor ; test tube; tetanus toxoid; Tetrazol; thrombin time; thymol turbidity ; tilt table; toilet training ; tongue-tie; toxic tetanus ; transthoracic; traumatic tetanus ; tuberculin tested total TT4 thyroxine TTA tuberculin-type allergy TTAD tetra-cyclic anti-depressant TTAP threaded titanium acetabular prosthesis TTC telec-tro-cardiogram; triphenyl-tetrazolium-chloride TTCG telec-tro-cardio-gram TTD tissue tolerance dose TTECG trans-thoracic echo-cardio-graphy TTEM topo-therm-esthesio-meter TTI tension-time index TTL transistor-transistor logic TTNB transient tachypnea of the new-born TTP thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura TTPA triethylene-thio-phosphor-amide (Tespamin ; Tifosyl) TTR thermal tolerance ratio TTS temporary threshold shift; tuberculin-type allergy TTT tensor tympanic tendon; tolbutamide tolerance test TTY tele-typewriter t.u. toxic unit; tuberculin unit Tu. Tuesday TU Thio-uracil ; toxic unit; tuberculin unit; tumor of uterus ; T3U tri-iodothyronine uptake Tue . Tuesday Tues. Tuesday TSM tsp. TSP

23 1

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

TUG TUL TUP

TUR TURB TURBT TURP

tus . TV

TVAT TVC TVD TVDALV

TVF TVH TVP TVPM TVR

TVT TVU TW

TWD

TWE TWL TWX Tx TX ty. typh. tyr. tyro.

Ty. sol. TZ TzT

total urinary gonadotropin total uterine length tubo-uterine pregnancy trans-urethral resection trans-urethral resection of bladder trans-urethral resection of bladder tumor trans-urethral resection of prostate tussis (a cough) tele-vision ; tidal volume; trial visit; Trichomonous vaginitis; triple vaccine; tuberculin volutin; tubovaginal ; tubular vision ; tunnel vision ; typhoid vaccine true visual acuity test timed vital capacity ; total volume capacity ; trans-vaginal cone ; triple voiding capacity triple vessel disease triple vessel disease with abnormal left ventricle tactile vocal fremitus total vaginal hysterectomy tricuspid valve prolapse trans-venous pace-maker tonic vibration index; total vascular vibration; tricuspid valve replacement tunica vaginalis testis total volume urine tap water; total water; total weight ; tunnel wound total white and differential count tap water enema transepidermal water loss teletype-writer exchange service therapy; transplant; treatment; primary tumor cannot be accessed; thrombo-xane ; traction typhoid; typhus typhoid; typhus tyrosine tyrosinaemia; tyrosine ; tyrosinemia; tyrosinosis ; tyrosinuria Tyrode solution tuberculin zymoplastiche ; transition zone Tzank test

u U U/A UA UAC UAO UAP UBB UBBC UBF UBG U&C UC

UCAMP UCC UCD UCG UCHD UC/I UCL UC/O UCP UCP/21 UCPA UCR UCS UCTS u.d.

unified atomic mass unit; ulna-incomplete international unit of enzyme activity; ulna-complete ; unit; university ; unknown ; upper; uracil; Uranium ; urgent; uridine ; urina (urine); uterine urinalysis (urine + analysis) umbilical artery ; un-aggregated; uric acid; urinalysis (urine + analysis) ; uterine aspiration umbilical artery catheter upper airway obstruction utero-abdominal pregnancy ultimo-branchial body unsaturated B12 binding capacity uterine blood flow uro-bilino-gen usual and customary ulcerative colitis ; ulcus cancrosum ; ulcus cruris; un-changed; unilocular cyst; upper case; urea clearance ; uremic convulsion; urethral catheterization ; uterine cast; uterine contractions ; uterine cough urinary cycle adenosine mono-phosphate ulnar carpal complex ; United Cancer Council usual childhood disease ultrasonic cardio-gram ; urinary chorionic gonadotropin usual child-hood disease urethral catheter in; urinary catheter in ulnar collateral ligament urethral catheter out; urinary catheter out urinary copro-porphyrin hexahydro-2, 7-dithio-1, 3, 6-thiadiazepine (etem) United Cerebral Palsy Association un-conditioned reflex; un-conditioned response; usual, customary, and reasonable un-conditioned stimulus; un-conscious ; ureter-cysto-scope undifferentiated connective tissue syndrome ut dictum (as directed) 23 3

U

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

UD UDM UDP UDPG UDPGA UDPGal UDPGIc UDPGT UDPT UE UES OF UFA UG

urethral discharge unit dose medication uridine diphosphate uridine di-phosphate glucose uridine di-phospho-glucuronic acid uridine di-phospho-galactose uridine di-phospho-glucose uridine di-phospho-glycyronyl transferase uridine di-phosphoglycyronyl transferase uncinate epilepsy ; upper extremity; uricolytic enzyme upper esophageal sphincter ultra-filtrate ; ultra-filtration ; ultra-fine unsterified fatty acids under-graduate ; urethral glands; uro-genital ; utero-gestation ;utero-graphy uro-genital diaphragm ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy upper gastro-intestinal (series) upper gastro-intestinal series upper gastro-intestinal tract uro-genital sinus urgent upper high Universal Health Care Action Network ultra-high frequency ultra-high molecular weight poly-ethylene universal infantilism; urinous infiltration ; uroporphyrin isomerase unsaturated iron-binding capacity urine immuno-electrophoresis urine immuno-electro-phoresis undegraded insulin factor usual interstitial pneumonia ; usual interstitial pneumonitis upper inner quadrant United Kingdom (England) ; un-known ; uro-kinase upper and lower ultra-low ; undifferentiated lymphoma; un-listed ; upper link; upper lobe ultra-low profile upper left quadrant ultimate ; ultime (lastly) unmarried; unstriated muscle; uracil mustard

UGD UGFNAB UGI UGIS UGIT UGS ugt . UH UHCAN UHF UHMWPE UI UIBC UIE UIEP UIF UIP UIQ UK U&L UL ULP ULQ ult . UM 234

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

umb .

UME UMLS UMN UMP

UN

unc.

UNESCO

ung . UNICEF univ.

UNK UNRRA

U/O UO

UOP UOQ UOV U.P. U/P UP UPA

UPE

UPEP UPF UPG UPI UPIN

UPJ UPP UPPP UQ ur. U/R UR ura .

umbilicus (navel) uveo-meningo-encephalitis unified medical language system upper motor neuron uridine mono-phosphate ulnar nerve ; umbilical notch; United Nations ; urea nitrogen unctus (smeared) United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization unguentum (ointment) United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund universal ; university unknown United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Organization urinary output unknown origin ; un-official; urethral orifice ; urinary output utero-ovarian pregnancy upper outer quadrant utero-ovarian varicocele ultimum praescriptus (the last ordered ; the last prescribed) urine / plasma (ratio) unknown pressure ; un-pack ; uretero-pelvic ; uroporphyrin; urticaria papulosa ; uterus parvicollis utero-placental apoplexy urine protein electrophoresis urine protein electro-phoresis uveo-parotid fever uro-porphyrino-gen uretero-placental insufficiency unique physician identification number uretero-pelvic joint; uretero-pelvic junction urethral pressure profile uvulo-palato-pharyngo-plasty upper quadrant uracil; urina (urine); urinalysis unconditioned response ; urgent reply unconditioned response ; upper respiratory; urgent reply; urine; utilization review uracil 23 5

U

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

URAC urd. URD urg. URI URO urol . URQ URT URTI U/S

Utilization Review Accreditation Commission uridine upper respiratory disease urgent upper respiratory infection urology urology upper right quadrant upper respiratory tract upper respiratory tract infection ultra-sound ultra-sound; un-sweet ; urinary sediments; urinary stammering ; urinary stuttering ; urinary system ; urogenital sinus ultra-sonic atomizer United States Atomic Energy Commission United States Adopted Names upper sternal border United States Catheter Instruments United States Dispensary United States Department of Agriculture utero-salpingo-graphy urinary stress incontinence ultra-sonic nebulizer United States Pharmacopeia United States Public Health Services unheated serum reagin unheated serum reagin test ustus (burnt) usual uterus (uterus) unbound thyroxine-binding globulin ut dictum (as directed) up-to-date utendus (to be used) utero-tubal gestation urinary tract infection uridine tri-phosphate Ullrich-Turner syndrome (male Turner's syndrome) urine urobilinogen ; utricle of the urethra urine urea nitrogen ultra-violet ; umbilical vein; urinary volume ulcus vulvae acutum ; ultra-violet A

us

USA USAEC USAN USB USCI USD USDA USG USI USN USP USPHS USR USRT ust. usu. ut. UTBG utd. UTD utend. UTG UTI UTP UTS UU UUN UV UVA 23 6

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ultra-violet B (sunlight) ultra-violet blood irradiation ultra-violet C; umbilical venous catheter unifocal ventricular ectopic beat oveoparotid fever ultra-violet germicidal irradiation uretero-vesical junction ultra-violet light ultra-violet radiation ultra-violet radiation therapy uvulotomy; uvulotume; uvulotome (uvulatome)

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v

mixed venous gas flow V v. vel (or) ; vena (vein); vice (in the place) ; vide (see) V vacuum ; vagina ; valine ; valve; Vanadium ; vector; vegetable ; vein; velocity ; venous; ventilation ; ventricle; vibration ; Vibrio; video ; vision ; voice ; void; volt; voltage; volume ; vomiting V, chest lead 1 : 4th intercostal space at the right sternal border lead 2: 4th intercostal space at the left sternal chest V2 border chest V3 lead 3 : equidistant between V2 and V4 chest V4 lead 4: 5th intercostal space at left of midclavicular line chest VS lead 5: anterior axillary line chest V6 lead 6: mid-axillary line chest V7 lead 7: posterior axillary line lead 8 : posterior scapular line chest Vg lead 9: left border of the spine chest V9 Va alveolar ventilation alveolar VA volume blood VC volume of the capillary bed anatomical VD dead space V relaxation volume tidal VT volume VA vacuum aspiration; ventricular arrest ; ventriculo-atrial ; vertebral artery; Veterans' Administration; Vincent's angina; vision acuity ; visual acuity ; visual aid ; volt-ampere VABCD Vinblastine, Adriamycin, Bleomycin, CCNU, Dacarbazine vac. vacuum VAC vacuum ; Vincristine, Actinomycin D, Cyclophosphamide VACTERL Vertebral, Anal, Cardiac, Tracheal, Esophageal, Renal, Limb

239

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

VAD VAdC VAFAC vag. VAIPP val. VALE VAMP VA-ODLP VA-OSLP VAP VAPA var. VARE vasc . VASC VAT VATD VATERR vasc. VAV Vb VB VBA VBACS VBAP VBC VBD VBG Vbl. VBM VBMCP VBP VBS VBS:FBS VBS/FBS

24 0

vascular access device ; venous access device; ventricular assist device ; Vincristine, Adriamycin, Dexamethasone Vincristine, Adriamycin, Cytoxan Vincristine, Amethopterin, FU, Adriamycin, Cytoxan vagina (vagina) ; vaginal vaso-active intestinal poly-peptide valance; validate ; valine ; value visual acuity left eye Vincristine, Actinomycin D, Methotrexate, Prednisone visual acuity oculus dexter light perception visual acuity oculus sinister laeva perception (with projection) Velban, Actinomycin D, Platinol Vincristine, Adriamycin, Purinethol, Ara-C variable ; variant; variety; various visual acuity right eye vascular Verbal Auditory Screen for Children ventricular atrial (synchronous); ventricular activation time ; Veterinary Aptitude / Admission Test Vincristine, Ara-C, Thioguanine, Daunomycin Vertebral defects, Anal atresia, Tracheoesophageal fistula, Esophageal atresia, Radial and Renal anomalies vascular VePesid, Adriamycin, Vincristine Vinblastine (Velban) varolian bend; Velban, Bleomycin; ventricular bradycardia Velban, BCNU, Adriamycin vaginal birth after caesarean (cesarean) section Vincristine, BCNU, Adriamycin, Prednisone ventricular brady-cardia ; vitiamin B complex van Buren's disease; Velban, Bleomycin, DDP venous blood gas; venous bypass graft Vinblastine Vinblastine, Bleomycin, Methotrexate Vincristine, BCNU, Melphalan, Cytoxan, Prednisone Vinblastine, Bleomycin, Platinol Veronal (barbital) buffered saline Veronal (barbital) buffered saline : fetal bovine serum (ratio) Veronal (barbital) buffered saline / fetal bovine serum (ratio)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS V/C VC VCA VCAP VCAP-III VCB VCC VCD VCF VCFS VCG VCMP VCP Vcr VCR VCS VCT VCUG VD VDA VDAG VDBR VDDR VDEL VDF VDG VDH VDL VDP VDRL Vds. VDS VDU VE VEA VEBs VECP VEDP VEE VEEV

voltage / circulation (ratio) vas capillare; vena cava ; ventilatory capacity; vital capacity ; vocal cord; venereal collar viral capsid antigen Vincristine, Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Prednisone VePesid, Cytoxan, Adriamycin, Platinol ventricular capture beat vaso-constrictor center vocal cord dysfunction Vincristine, Cytoxan, Fluorouracil velocity of circumferential fiber shortening vector-cardio-gram ; vector-cardio-graphy Vincristine, Cytoxan, Melphalan, Prednisone Vincristine, Cytoxan, Prednisone Vincristine video cassette recorder vena cava superior venous clotting time voiding cysto-urethro-gram vagrant's disease; vas deferens; venereal disease; void ; voided ; volume of distribution venous digital angiogram; visual discriminatory acuity venous digital angio-gram volume of distribution of bili-rubin vitamin D-dependent rickets Venereal Disease Experimental Laboratory ventricular diastolic fragmentation venereal disease gonorrhea valvular disease of heart; vascular disease of heart visual detection level Vincristine, Daunomycin, Prednisone Venereal Disease Research Laboratory Vindesine venereal disease syphilis video dsplay unit vaginal examination; ventricular ectopic; visual efficiency ; volumic ejection ventricular ectopic activity ventricular ectopic beats visual evoked cortical potential ventricular end-diastolic pressure Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus 24 1

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS VEF VEGF

VENP VEP VEPA ver. VER VERP

vert.

VES VESI

vesic. vesp.

VESV VET VF VFP

VG VGD

VGH VH

VHD

VHDD VHDLP VHF VHS

v.i. VI VIA vib . vic. VIEN VIF VIG

vin. VIP

VIPST vir. 242

ventricular ejection fraction vascular endothelial growth factor Vincristine, Endoxan, Natulan, Prednisone visual evoked potential Vincristine, Endoxan, Prednisone, Adriamycin verification ; verify; version visual evoked response ventricular effective refractory period vertical Vespresin injection (Etoposide) vesiculogram; vesiculography vesicatorium (a blister); vesicula (vesicule) vesper (evening) vesicular exanthema of swine virus veteran ventricular fibrillation ; ventricular fluid; ventricular flutter ; visual field; vocal fremitus ventricular filling pressure; ventricular fluid pressure vaginal hernia; ventricular gallop Von Gierke's disease very good health vaginal hysterectomy ; venous hepatitis; viral hepatitis valvular heart disease viral haematic (hematic) depressive disease very high density lipo-protein very high frequency viral hemorrhagic septicaemia (septicemia) vide infra (see below) valgus index ; viscosity index ; volume indicator virus inactivating agent vibration vicinity vaginal infra-epithelial neoplasia ; vulval infra-epithelial neoplasia virion infectivity factor vaccinia immune globulin vinum (wine) vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ; Velban, Isofamide, Platinol; very important person; voluntary interruption of pregnancy vasoactive intestinal polypeptide secreting tumor viride (green) ; viridis (green)

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS vaginal irrigation smear as compared with ; face to face (opposite) ; in relation to volar intercalated segmental instability vital; vitalist; vitamer; vitamin; vitellus (yolk of an egg) videlicet (namely) very large; very late ; very little ; very low very late antigen very low birth weight very low-calorie diet very low-density lipo-protein Visible Light Emitting Diode very low fat; very low frequency virus-like infectious agent visceral larva migrans very low nucleus of hypothalamus Vincristine, Leucogen, Prednisone Very Large Scale Integration ventricular muscle ; volt-meter Teniposide vanillyl-mandelic acid Vincristine, Methotrexate, Adriamycin, Dactinomycin Vincristine, Melphalan, BCNU, Cytoxan vaso-motor center Vincristine, Melphalan, Cyclophosphamide, Prednisone Veterinariae Medicinae Doctor (Doctor of Veterinary Medicine) V16-MF VePesid, Methotrexate, Fluorouracil VMH ventro-medial hypothalamus .M .N . V vis medica'trix naturae (the healing power of nature) VM-26-PP Teniposide, Procarbazine, Prednisone VMR vaso-motor rhinitis VN visiting nurse VNA Visiting Nurse Association VNR vitro-nectin receptor volume of oxygen consumption *02 maximum volume of oxygen consumption V02max V0 2 volumeof oxygen uptake V02max maximum volume of oxygen consumption VOR vestibular ocular reflex v.o .s . visio oculus sinister (vision of left eye) ; vitello ovi solutus (dissolved in yolk) V.O .U . visio oculus uterque (each eye vision) VIS vis-a-vis VISI vit. viz. VL VLA VLBW VLCD VLDLP VLED VLF VLIA VLM VLNH VLP VLSI VM VM-26 VMA VMAD VMBC VMC VMCP .M V . .D

24 3

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

V&P VP VP-16 VPB

VPC VPCG VPD VPF VPI VPL VPP VP-16-P VPRC

VPS VR

VRBC VRI

VRNA VQ scan V.S . VS .

VS. VS VSD VSFP VSGP VSL VSN VSPFT VSS VSV VSW V&T VT 244

vagotomy and pyloroplasty ; ventilation and perfusion variegate porphyria; veni-puncture venous pressure ; ventricular pause; ventricular peritoneal ; vice-president; Vincristine, Prednisone; Vindesine, Platinol VePesid (Etoposide) Velban, Platinol, Bleomycin; ventricular premature beat vapor-phase chromatography ; ventricular premature complex; ventricular premature contraction; volume of packed cells vapor-phase chromato-graphy ventricular premature depolarization vascular permeability factor vapor phase inhibitor ventro-posterior lateral (fetus position) ; Vincristine, Prednisone, Leucogen virus pneumonia of pigs VePesid, Platinol volume of packed red cells valvular pulmonic stenosis; ventilation perfusion scan vagina resection; valve replacement; variable region ; vascular resistance ; venous return ; ventilation ratio; vocal resonance; vocational rehabilitation volume of red blood cell viral respiratory infection viral ribo-nucleic acid ventilation quantitation imaging technique vibration-seconds; vide supra (see above) versus (in contrast with; versus) Veterinary Surgeon ventricular septum ; vital signs ; volumetric solution ventricular septal defect venous stop flow pressure variable surface glycoprotein very serious list vital signs normal Vitalor screening pulmonary function test vital signs stable vesicular stomatitis virus ventricular stroke work volume and tension vacuum tube ; vacuum tuberculin; variable time; venous thrombosis ; voice tube

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

ventricular tachycardia venous thrombo-embolism video tape recorder volume unit vesico-ureteral reflux venae (veins) . vice versa V.V v/v volume of solute per volume of solvent V&V vulva and vagina W varicose veins ; viper venom ; vulva and vagina dead VD / VT space / tidal volume (ratio) VVI ventricular demand inhibited VVT ventricular demand triggered VW vessel wall VZ varicella-zoster VZIG varicella-zoster immune globulin VZV varicella-zoster virus VTc WE VTR VU VUR vv

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w/ w W W+ WA WACH WAIS

WAPM

WAR

WART

WAS WASO WASP

Wb WB

WBAT WBC WBCD WBC/hpf WBF WBGT WBGTI WBH WBHc WBHp WBHt WBR WBS WBV

with with wait ; wash; water; watt; weak; Wednesday; week; weight ; west; white; wide ; widow; wife ; window; Wolfram (tungsten) ; woman; work weakly positive well-arrange ; when awake wedge, adjustable, cushioned-heel (shoe) Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale wandering atrial pace-maker whole abdominal therapy whole abdominal radio-therapy Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome wake after sleep onset World Association of Societies of Pathology Weber waste-basket ; water brush; water-bed; weight bearing; Western blot ; wet brain; whole blood; whole body weight bearing as tolerated well-baby care ; white blood cell ; white blood count; whole body counter white blood count and differential white blood cell per high-power field whole blood folate Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Index whole blood hematorit; whole body hyperpyrexia ; whole body hyperthermia whole blood hemato-crit whole body hyper-pyrexia whole body hyperthermia whole body radiation whole body scan Willow-brook virus 247

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

W/C W.C. WC

WCC WCD WCG WCHP WD

W4D

WDHA

WDLL WDWN

We

WE

wed.

WEE WEEV WEN WEST WF WFE WFI WFR

WGA wgt. wh. WH WHA WHO WHR WHS WHT WHVP WI WIA 248

wheel-chair; white count toilet ; water-closet (called rest-room in U.S.A.) walking cast; water-cure (hydrotherapy); waxy cast ; wet cup; wheel-chair; white cell ; white count; whooping cough; workman's compensation; wrist bones; writer's cramp white cell casts; white cell count Weber-Christian disease Wrisberg's cardiac ganglion wood-chuck hepatitis virus well-developed ; well-done; well-differentiated ; wet dressing ; wrist drop Worth-four-dot (test) watery diarrhea with hypokalemic alkalosis well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma well-developed, well-nourished Wednesday western encephalitis ; western encephalomyelitis ; wide excision Wednesday western equine encephalitis ; western equine encephalomyelitis western equine encephalitis virus; western equine encephalomyelitis virus Westphal-Edinger nucleus work evaluation systems technology white female Williams flexion exercises water for injection (pyrogen-free water) Weil-Felix reaction wheat germ agglutination weight white watt-hour; writing hand World Health Assembly World Health Organization waist-hip (circumference) ratio Werdnig-Hoffmann syndrome white wedged hepatic venous pressure water intoxication ; water itch wounded in action

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

WIC WISC wk. wks. WL

WLE WLF

WLT

WM WMA

WMD

WMR WMT WMX

WN WNF WNL WNV w/o WO WOB WOE

WP

WPB

WPM

WPPSI WPW WPWA WPWS wr. WR

Wra

WRAT WRC WRE W.S .

wt. WT

women, infants, children Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children weak ; week; work weeks waiting list ; water low; wave-length; white leg; white line wide local excision whole lymphocytic fraction water-load test white male ; white mouse World Medical Association white-muscle disease work metabolic rate Weir Mitchell's treatment whirlpool, massage, exercise well-nourished ; wet-nurse West Nile fever within normal limits West Nile virus water in oil; without written order water on brain (hydrocephalus) white of egg; white of eye (conjunctiva) weakly positive; wedge pressure ; wet pack ; whirl-pool ; white phosphorus ; white precipitate whirl-pool bath words per minute Wechsler Preschool Primary Scale of Intelligence Wolf-Parkinson-White wedge pressure of pulmonary artery Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome wrist Wassermann reaction (a syphilis test); weakly reactive Wright antigen Wide Range Achievement Test washed red cells whole ragweed extract water soluble; watt-seconds weight (wiht in Old English) waiting time; waking time; walking time ; walking typhoid; water temperature; wild type; wisdom teeth; writing table 24 9

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

WTFSBS w/v WV w/w

Wright's technique for staining blood smears weight in volume ; weight of solute per volume of solvent whispered voice; whole volume weight in weight ; weight of solute per weight of total solution

x

x X

X Xan. Xao. XAT XB XC XCG XD X-disease XDP Xe XECTG XESM XIP XL XLDA XM XMP XMTR Xn XOAN XOD XOP XP XR XRF

except ; mean abscissa ; mole fraction cross; cross out; crossed out; decimal scale of potency; decimal scale of dilution ; extra; times; magnification; multiply ; reactance; respirations (anesthesia chart) ; unknown; xanthine ; xanthosine medical decision level xanthine xanthosine Xylose Absorption Test xanthine bases xanthic calculus excretory cysto-gram xanthoma diabeticorum ; X-ray dermatitis bovine hyperkeratosis zero-derma pigmentosum Xenon Xenon-enhanced computed tomography X-ray energy spectro-meter X-ray in plaster extra large; extra long xylose lysine deoxycholate agar crossmatch ; xanthoma multiplex xanthosine-mono-phosphate transmitter Christian X-linked ocular albinism Nettleship xanthine-oxi-dase X-ray out of plaster xanthoma palpebrarum; xeroderma pigmentosum; xylene poisoning xero-radiographic ; xero-radiography ; X-ray (x-ray); roentgen rays (rontgen rays) X-ray fluorescence 25 1

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

XRFS XRG XRT XS XSA X(T) XT XTAL Xu XUG XX XX/XY XY Xyl Xyr. xys.

X-ray fluorescence spectrometry xero-radiographic; xero-radiography external radiation therapy; X-ray radiation treatment excess ; excessive; xiphi-sternum ; X-ray strain cross-sectional area exotropia - intermittent exotropia; xanthoma tuberosum crystal X-unit (x-unit) excretory urogram normal female chromosome type sex karyotypes normal male chromosome type xylene ; xylose xyrospasm xysma; xyster

y Y YAC YAG Yb YB Ychr. Ycrt. yd. yds . YE YF YFV YHT Y-fig. y/o YO YOA YOB YOM YOPLL YOS YPLL yr. YR yrbk yrs . YS YSC YT YV

ordinate (in x-y axis); yard; year; yellow yard; year; yeast ; yellow ; yogurt (yoghurt) ; yolk; Yttrium yeast artificial chromosome yttrium aluminum (aluminium) garnet Ytterbium year-book ; yellow body (corpus luteum) Y chromosome Y cartilage yard; yield yards yellow ; yellow enzyme yellow fat; yellow fever ; Y-factor (Pyridoxine) yellow fever vaccine Young-Helmholtz theory Y ligament (ilio-femoral ligament) year old year of; years old year of accident year of birth year of marriage year of potential life lost year of surgery years of potential life lost year; younger Young's rule (rule for calculating the dose of medicine) yearbook years yellow spot (macula flava; macula lutea) ; Yersin's serum ; yolk sac; yolk stalk yolk sac carcinoma youth yellow vision yellow wax

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z Z' Z" Z ZA ZAT ZB ZC Z/D ZD ZDV Z-E ZEEP ZES ZFY ZG ZIG ZIGV ZIP Z-lig . ZMAC Zn ZNM ZnSO 4 ZO ZOE ZOL zool . Z-P ZPG Z-plasty ZPP

zero; zone increasing degree of contraction 1 increasing degree of contraction 2 atomic number ; carbobenzoxy ; impedance; increasing degree of contraction; ionic charge number; zuckung (German word meaning contraction) zinc acetate; zoster auricularis; zygomatic arch Zondek-Aschheim test zygomatic bone zinc-chloride zero defect Z disk ; zero defect zi-do-vudine Zollinger-Ellison zero end-expiratory pressure Zollinger-Ellison syndrome zinc finger Y zoo-graft; zoo-grafting zoster immune globulin zoster immune globulin vaccine zoster immune plasma Zinn's ligament zygo-matico-auri-cularis Zinc Ziehl-Neelsen method zinc-sulfate zinc ointment ; zinc oxide ; zoster ophthalmicus zinc-oxide eugenol zonule of Zinn zoologist; zoology z-plasty zero population growth Z-Plastic relaxing operation zinc proto-porphyrin

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

Zr ZR ZS ZSP ZSR zyg. ZYM zz .

ZZ

Zirconium zygomatic reflex zinc salts; zinc-stearate; zinc-sulfate zinc salts poisoning zeta sedimentation rate ; zeta stimulation rate zygapophysis ; zygion ; zygoma zymometer; zymoscope; zymosimeter zingiber (ginger) zonule of Zinn

APPENDIX A

Common Medical Symbols

(-) (±) x x1 x2 x3 x4 1x 2x 3x 4x

II

00

0

L 1

acid reaction ; and; increase ; increased ; plus; positive ; present; slight trace moderate ; trace increased; moderately active ; moderately severe large amount; pronounced reaction ; severe absent ; charge already made (bookkeeping abbreviation); decrease ; decreased; minus; negative significant insignificant plus or minus; positive or negative possibly significant cross out; times (used with a number) once twice thrice four times once twice thrice four times number is to; ratio symbol divided by; division; of; per; ratio symbol divided by; division equal not equal parallel infinity summation approximately percent; percentage angle perpendicular therefore doubtful; questionable 257

APPENDIX A

>

< z s T J, EA V

$O a (3 0 At AEF y yA yBF yD yE yG yM E

T1

x A

[,A [,C RCi [,Eq . 25 8

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

greater than less than greater than or equal to less than or equal to increased; up decreased; down move to right ; results in; yields move to left two-way operation diastolic blood pressure systolic blood pressure check; checked; observe for birth dead ; death; died empty; no change no balance due (bookkeeping abbreviation) start of operation end of operation alpha particle beta chain of hemoglobin; beta ray change ; prism diopter time interval ejection fraction response conductivity; gamma; Ig; photon; surface tension IgA IgBF IgD IgE IgG IgM pseudouridine; psychiatrist; psychologist electric field intensity; electromotive force; permittivity efficiency ; viscosity kaon wavelength lambda particle magnetic momentum; mass absorption coefficient; micro; micron ; modulus; muon ; permeability; population mean ; the heavy chain of IgM; viscosity micro-ampere micro-Coulomb micro-Curie micro-equivalent

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

lag [,l [.L [.m

[um

[umg [umm [,P [,R [usec RU

RV 1uW ~p,Ci RP9

V

p a T

S2 @ $0 .00 &

a

A

A

as

AQA A>B BN/

B>A

APPENDIX A

micro-gram micro-liter (micro-litre) micro-liter (micro-litre) micro-meter (micro-metre) micro-molar micro-milli-gram micro-milli-meter (micro-milli-metre) micro-processor micro-roentgen (micro-rdntgen) micro-second micro-unit micro-volt micro-watt micro-micro- (pico-) micro-micro-Curie (pico-Curie) micro-micro-gram (pico-gram) degrees of freedom; frequency; kinetic viscosity; neutrino; reluctivity 3 .14159265 . . . . . . ; osmotic pressure ; pion; the ratio of diameter and circumference of a circle xi particle correlation coefficient; density; electric charge density; mass density; resistivity; rho particle 1/1000 of a second ; conductivity ; cross-section ; standard deviation; surface tension sigma particle ; sigmoid; sigmoidoscopy mean life; torque ; transmittance electric potential; file; luminous flux; magnetic flux ohm; omega particle paragraph numbered clause ; section at credit (bookkeeping abbreviation) and before Angstrom cumulated activity of each Alpha Omega Alpha (an honorary society in U.S.A.) air greater than bone both billing information posted bone greater than air 25 9

APPENDIX A

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

BTE B-1, E

both upper extemities both lower extemities breath sounds diminished with with with correction (eye-glasses) with correction (eye-glasses) confidential (patient may be unaware); copyright caesarean section (cesarean section) temperature degrees in Celsius per day temperature degrees in Fahrenheit elevate foot of bed hypodermic increased intra-cranial pressure left left to right milli-micron milli-micro-Curie mill i-micro-gram murmur morphine and cocaine notified after registered ; right recipe (dispense - used at the beginning of a prescription) recipe (dispense - used at the beginning of a prescription) receipt done right upper extremity right lower extremity renal angle right to left without without without correction (eye-glasses) without correction (eye-glasses) one half spatial vector in electrocardiology shear time temperature

BS J,

cc

c/ c © CS °C /d °F T FOB T 1CP

0

L-R m~t m[,CI ©g M+C p ® 13

R-%/ RTE R J, E rent R-L

s

/ ii SC

s/c ss

g ty T°

26 0

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

increased intraocular tension decreased intraocular tension except male female gay lesbian

APPENDIX A

APPENDIX B

Greek Alphabet Capital letter A

B I'

E Z H O I K A M N

Small letter a

(3 Y S s

TI 6 L

x k It v

O II

o it

T Y

6 t v

X

x

52

cu

P

p

Pronunciation

English equivalent

alpha beta gamma delta epsilon zeta eta theta iota kappa lamda mu nu xi omicron pi rho sigma tau upsilon phi chi psi omega

a b g, n d e z e (e as in easy) th i k 1 m n x o p r, rh s t y, u ph ch ps o (o as in flow)

APPENDIX C

Common Cardinal Numerals

Name zero (cipher; naught) one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety one hundred two hundred three hundred four hundred five hundred

Arabic 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 300 400 500

Roman ... I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII Will XIX XX XXX XL L LX LXX LXXX XC C CC CCC CD D

APPENDIX C

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

Name six hundred seven hundred eight hundred nine hundred one thousand two thousand five thousand ten thousand one hundred thousand one million

Arabic 600 700 800 900 1000 2000 5000 10000 100000 1000000

Roman DC DCC DCCC

CM

M MM

V C

APPENDIX D

Metric Weights and Measures LENGTH

unit

abbreviation

unit

abbreviation

centimeter (centimetre) decameter (decametre) decimeter (decimetre) dekameter (dekametre) hectometer (hectometre) kilometer (kilometre) meter (metre) millimeter (millimetre)

hectameter (hectametre ; hectare) square centimeter (square centimetre) square decimeter (square decimetre) square dekameter (square dekametre) square kilometer (square kilometre) square meter (square metre) square millimeter (square millimetre) unit

cm dam dm dam hm km m mm

equivalent

0.393 inch 32.81 feet = 393 .7 inches 3.937 inches 32.81 feet = 393 .7 inches 109 .36 yards = 328 .08 feet 0.621 miles 39.37 inches = 3.28 feet 0.039 inch

AREA

ha

equivalent

2.471 acres

cm2; sq. cm

0.15499 square inch

dm2; sq. dm

15.499 square inches

dame; sq. dek .

393 .7 square inches

km2; sq. km

0.386 square mile = 247 .1 acres

m2; sq. m

1549.9 square inches = 1 .196 yards

mm2; sq. mm

0.00155 square inch

are centiare hectare (hectameter ; hectametre) square kilometer (square kilometre)

LAND

abbreviation

equivalent

119 .6 square yards cent. 1549.9 square inches sq. hec. 2.471 acres km2; sq. km 0.386 square mile = 247 .1 acres

APPENDIX D

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS

unit cubic centimeter (cubic centimetre) cubic decimeter (cubic decimetre)

VOLUME abbreviation c.c .; cm , c.d .

cubic meter (cubic metre)

c.m .; m3

stere

St .

unit centiliter (centilitre) deciliter (decilitre)

abbreviation cl; cL dl ; dL

dekaliter (dekalitre) dal; daL hectoliter (hectolitre) hl ; hL kiloliter (kilolitre)

kl ; kL

liter (litre)

1; L

milliliter (millilitre)

ml; mL

equivalent 0.06102 inch cubic 61 .023 cubic inches = 0.0353 cubic foot 35 .314 cubic feet = 1 .308 cubic yards 35 .314 cubic feet = 1 .308 cubic yards

CAPACITY

equivalent 0.6 cubic inch = 0.338 fluid ounce 61 .02 cubic inches = 0.21 pint = 3.38 fluid ounces = 0.1057 liquid quart 0.35 cubic foot = 2.64 gallons = 0.284 bushels 3 .53 cubic feet = 1.14 pecks = 26 .418 gallons = 2.838 bushels 1 .307 cubic yards = 264.18 gallons = 35 .315 cubic feet 61 .02 cubic inches = 1 .057 liquid quarts = 0.908 dry quart 0.06 cubic inch = 0.27 fluid dram

MASS & WEIGHT abbreviation equivalent unit cg 0.1543 grain = 0.000353 ounce (avoirdupois) centigram decigram dg 1.543 grains decagram (dekagram) dag 0.3527 ounce = 154.323 grains gram g; gm 0 .0352 ounce (avoirdupois) = 15 .432 grains hectogram hg 3.574 ounces 2.2046 pounds kilogram kg 1 .1 tons = 2204 .6 pounds metric ton Mt, t 0.01543 grain milligram mg 22 .046 pounds myriagram myg 220.46 pounds quintal q Unit Scale 1 Kilogram 1 Hectogram 1 Decagram 1 Gram 1 Decigram 1 Centigram 1 Milligram 266

COMMON WEIGHTS Grains Grams 15432.35 1000 15432.23 100 154.3235 10 1 15 .43235 0 .1 1 .543235 0 .1543235 0 .01 .001 0 .01543235 0

APPENDIX E

Common Decimal Factors SI PREFIXES

(Measurement) The following prefixes are used to indicate decimal multiples and submultiples of SI units. Prefix

tera giga mega kilo hecto deka deci centi milli micro nano Pico femto atto

Symbol

T G M k h da d c m I. n p f a

Factor

10 12 10 9 10 6 10 , 10 2 10 1 10-1 10 -2 10-3 10-6 10-9 10-12 10-15 10-18