A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic: Core Vocabulary for Learners

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A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic is an invaluable tool for all learners of Arabic, providing a list of the 5,000 most frequently used words in Modern Standard Arabjc (MSA) as well as several of the most widely spoken Arabic dialects . -• Based on a 30-million-word corpus of Arabic which includes written and spoken material from the entire Arab world, this dictionary provides the user with detailed information for each of the 5,000 entries, including English equivalents, a sample sentence, its English translation, usage statistics, an indication of genre variation , and usage distribution over several major Arabic dialects. Users can access the top 5,000 words either through the main frequency listing or through an alphabetical index arranged by Arabic roots. Throughout the frequency listing there are thematically-organized lists of the top words from a variety of key topics such as sports, weather, clothing, and family terms. An engaging and highly useful resource, A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic will enable students of all levels to get the most out of their study of modern Arabic vocabulary. Tim Buckwalter is Research Associate at the University of Maryland . Dilworth Parkinson is Professor of Arabic at Brigham Young University (Provo, Utah).

Routledge Frequency Dictionaries

General Editors

Pau l Rayson, Lancaster University, UK Mark Davies, Brigham Young University, USA Editorial Board

Michael Barlow, University of Auckland, New Zealand Geoffrey Leech, Lancaster University, UK Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, University of Lodz, Poland Josef Schmied, Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany Andrew Wi lson, Lancaster University, UK Adam Kilgarriff, Lexicography MasterCiass Ltd and University of Sussex, UK Hongying Tao, University of California at Los Angeles Chris Tribb le, King's College London, UK Other books in the series

A Frequency Dictionary of American English A Frequency Dictionary of Mandarin Chinese A Frequency Dictionary of French

A Frequency Dictionary of German A Frequency Dictionary of Portuguese A Frequency Dictionary of Spanish

A Frequency Dictionary of Czech (forthcoming)

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic Core vocabulary for learners Tim Buckwalter and Dilworth Parkinson

I~ ~~o~1~;n~f{~up LONDON AND NEW YO RK

First edition published 2011 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2011 Tim Buckwalter and Dilworth Parkinson Typeset in Parisine by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong Printed and bound in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall

All rights reserved . No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalog record for this book has been requested

ISBN 13 978-0-415-59543-8 (hbk) ISBN 13: 978-0-415-44434-7 (pbk) ISBN 13: 978-0-203-88328-0 (ebk)

Contents

Thematic vocabulary list

I vii

Series preface

Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction References

I vi

I ix

Ix I1

I8

Frequency index

I9

Alphabetical index

I 433

Part of speech index

I 515

Thematic vocabulary list

1 Animals

I9

17 Movement

I 124

2 Body

I 16

18 Communication

3 Food

I 23

19 Health

I 30

4 Clothing

6 Family

8 Time 9 Sports

I 36

I 44

26 Religion

I 88

I 96

I 190

27 Verb Form I

I 198

28 Verb Forms II-X

I 103

15 Nationalities 16 Emotions

I 176

25 Arabic Speaking Cities*

I 80

14 Opposites

I 169

Regions*

10 Nature I 73

13 Colors

I 162

24 Arabic Speaking Countries/

I 66

12 Professions

I 155

23 Electronics, Computers, Phones, Web

I 58

11 Weather

I 144

21 Female Names 22 Male Names

I 51

7 Materials

I 138

20 Dialect Words

5 Transportation

I 131

I 110

I 208

29 War and Security 30 Politics

I 226

I 117

* includes countries where Arabic is co-official: Israel, Chad, and Somalia

I 218

I 183

Series preface

Frequency information has a central role to play in learning a language. Nation (1990) showed that the 4,000-5,000 most frequent words account for up to 95 percent of a written text and the 1,000 most frequent words account for 85 percent of speech. Although Nation 's results were only for English, they do provide clear evidence that, when employing frequency as a general guide for vocabulary learning, it is. possible to acquire a lexicon which will serve a learner well most of the time. There are two caveats to bear in mind here. First, counting words is not as straightforwarg as it might seem. Gardner (2007) highlights the problems that multiple word meanings, the presence of multiword items, and grouping words into families or lemmas, have on counting and analyzing words. Second, frequency data contained in frequency dictionaries should never act as the only information source to guide a learner. Frequency information is nonetheless a very good starting point, and one which may produce rapid benefits. It therefore seems rational to prioritize learning the words that you are likely to hear and read most often. That is the philosophy behind this series of dictionaries. Lists of words and their frequencies have long been available for teachers and learners of language. For example, Thorndike (1921, 1932) and Thorndike and Lorge (1944) produced word frequency books with counts of word occurrences in texts used in the education of American children. Michael West's General Service List of English Words (1953) was primarily aimed at foreign learners of Engli sh. More recently, with the aid of efficient computer software and very large bodies of language data (called corpora), researchers have been able to provide more sophisticated frequency counts from both written text and transcribed speech . One important feature of the resulting frequencies presented in this series is that they are derived from recently collected language data. The earlier lists for English included samples from, for example, Austen's Pride and Prejudice and Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, thus they could no longer represent present-day language in any sense. Frequency data derived from a large representative corpus of a language brings students closer to language as it is used in real life as opposed to textbook language (which often distorts the frequencies of features in a language, see Ljung, 1990). The information in these dictionaries is presented in a number of formats to allow users to access the data in different ways. So, if you would prefer not to simply drill down through the word frequency li st, but would rather focus on verbs for example, the part of speech index will allow you to focus on just the most frequent verbs . Given that verbs typically account for 20 percent of all words in a language, this may be a good strategy. Also, a focus on function words may be equally rewarding - 60 percent of speech in English is composed of a mere 50 function words. The series also provides information of use to the language teacher. The idea that frequency information may have a role to play in syllabus design is not new (see, for example, Sinclair and Renouf, 1988). However, to date it has been difficult for those teaching languages other than English to use frequency information in syllabus design because of a lack of data.

viii

Series preface

Frequency information should not be studied to the exclusion of other contextual and situational knowledge about language use and we may even doubt the validity of frequency information derived from large corpora. It is interesting to note that Alderson (2007) found that corpus frequencies may not match a native speaker's intuition about estimates of word frequency and that a set of estimates of word frequencies collected from language experts varied widely. Thus corpus-derived frequencies are still the best current estimate of a word's importance that a learner will come across. Around the time of the construction of the first machine-readable corpora, Halliday (1971 : 344) stated that "a rough indication of frequencies is often just what is needed'~ Our aim in this series is to provide as accurate as possible estimates of word frequencies. Paul Rayson and Mark Davies Lancaster and Provo, 2008

References Alderson, J.e. (2008) Judging the frequency of English words. Applied Linguistics, 28 (3): 383 -409. Gardner, D, (2007) Validating the construct of Word in applied corpus-based vocabulary research : a critical survey. Applied Linguistics, 28, pp. 241 - 265.

Halliday, M.A.K. (1971) Linguistic functions and literary style. In S. Chatman (ed.) Style: A Symposium. Oxford University Press, pp. 330-65.

Ljung, M. (1990) A Study of TEFL Vocabulary. Almqvist & Wiksell International, Stokholm . Nation, I.S,p. (1990) Teaching and Learning Vocabulary. Heinle & Heinle, Boston. Sinclair, J.M. and Renouf, A. (1988) 'A lexical syllabus for language learning', in R. Carter and M. McCarthy (eds) Vocabulary and Language Teaching. Longman , London, pp. 140-158.

Thorndike, E.L. (1921) Teacher 's Word Book. Columbia Teachers College, New York. Thorndike, E.L. (1932) A Teacher 's Word Book of 20,000 Words. Columbi a University Press, New York. Thorndike, E.L., and Lorge, I. (1944) The Teacher 's Word Book of 30,000 Words. Columbia University Press, New York.

West, M. (1953) A General Service List of English Words. Longman, London.

Acknowledgments

We are indebted to a number of research assistants who put in countless hours on this project, most notably Bashar Sadr, Muhammed Barakat, Amany Ezzat, and Najwa Ezzat. We are also indebted to a number of students from Brigham Young University who helped with this project: Jeff Smith, David Tensmeyer, Laila Lamani , Shereen Salah, Rana Derwy, Mira Ansari, Falah Alsiekh, and Mais Yahya. We are particularly indebted to Julie Vonwiller, Director of Appen Pty Limited , for providing us with the transcripts of an Algerian speech corpus col1Jpiled by Appen. The first author is indebted to Arabic language experts Elizabeth M. Bergman from Miami University (Ohio) and Jonathan Owens from the University of Bayreuth, who provided assistance in interpreting data from the Algerian speech corpus. He would also like to express his gratitude to the University of Maryland Center for Advanced Study of Language (CASL) staff for their encouragement and support, especially during the analysis of Arabic dialect data. He also wishes to acknowledge the valuable assistance he received from Arabic dialect experts associated with research at CASL: Peter Schultz provided advice on vocabulary items from numerous dialects and proofread an early draft, and Sana Smith helped with difficult Algerian and Levantine lexical items. And finally, the first author is extremely grateful to his supportive wife Crissie who also provided research and editing in the final and critical stages of this work. He dedicates this dictionary to his parents, Albert and Lois, former missionaries, Bible translators, and lexicographers among the Toba Indians of the Argentine Chaco. The second author would like to thank Brigham Young University and Dean John Rosenberg of the College of Humanities, as well as Prof Kirk Belnap of the National Middle East Language Resource Center, for significant financial support for this project. He dedicates this book to his wife, Laura Beth, who is always up for another 'adventure' in the Arab World, and to his students, from whom he derives continual inspiration and admiration from their intense desire to reach across cultures and connect with people.

Abbreviations

a.p.

active participle

i~li

acc.

accusative

ti

adv.

adverb

t;.;. adv.

coll.n.

collective noun

~ coll.n. fish, un.n. ~

dem.pron.

demonstrative pronoun

~1 dempron.

duo

dual

~I.wl

elat.

elative

~I elat.

fem.

feminine

"i9 fem

~ both of

fig.

figurative

GL!.

G1y!.

gen.

genitive

-'~ havi ng; gen. '-?~

imperat.

imperative

..1.>1 v. I (u) to take sth; (imperat.) ..1.>

imperf.

imperfect

:;\5 I (a)

interrog.

interrogative

~ interrog. how

invar.

invariable

.l:.ll. (Dia .) ad).

masc.

masculine

I~ dempron. this (masc.)

n.

noun

i y. n.

neg.

negative

'1 neg.part. no

nom.

nominative

,":",1 n. father; nom. yl

num.

number -

u.lI num

part.

particle

~ part. (with imperf) may, might

pass.

passive

~l v.

perf.

perfect

~ part. (with perf) has/have already

pers.

person

~! part. (with 2nd pers. pron.) 0'"/-' with, watch out for!

poss.adj.

possessive adjective

prep.

preposition

prep.phr.

prepositional phrase

ad). next, following; a.p. arriving, coming

brother; ace.

,

L>-I

here

that (masc.sg.)

rel.pron. (masc.du .) who, whom; which

pI.

better/best

street; (fig.)

Ul.!JI the

"" ... t

., ,

(with imperf) to almost do sth

pI.

(i nvar.) wrong

i~ day

.

""

0 ,....

public

~

pI.

J'11 thousand ....

OJ.

,

X pass. ~I to be martyred

~~! be careful

t.l::. pass. ad). (Egy.) belonging to; of J&. prep. on, above ~ prepphr. !UI ~ in the Name of God ... ,.. . . . ....

Abbreviations

pI.

plural

~;f n./adj. pI. -uun, 0~;f American

p.p.

passive participle

.J~ p.p.

pron.

pronoun

~f pron. you (masc.sg.)

reI.

relative

JI rel.pron. (femsg .) who, whom; which

sg.

singular

-L:;. pI. n. women (sg. of}1)

un.n.

unit noun

A

vn.

verbal noun

~ J vn. layi ng down

voc.

vocative

voc.part. (you)

Dialect and Regional Labels Aig. Bah. Dia. Egy. Gul. Irq. Jor. Kuw. Leb. Lev. Lib. MSA Magh. Mor. Pal. Qat. Sau. Sud. Syr. Tun. UAE Vern.

Algeria Bahrain Dialect Egypt Gulf Iraq Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Levant Libya Modern Standard Arabic Maghreb Morocco Palestine Qatar Saudi Arabia Sudan Syria Tunisia United Arab Emirates Yemen

, 4::l!/..J! .JL!.l1 the aforementioned

coll.n. eggs, un.n. ~

o... !

xi

Introduction

A freq uency dict ionary of Arabic

difficulty and usefulness of any proposed text or

Enrollments in university-level Arabic language

exercise that involves vocabulary.

programs in the United States have more than

Arabic is reputed to have a remarkably rich

doubled in the past decade and in many cases rival

vocabulary. Various statistical techniques have been

enrollments in what used to be considered more

devised to test this, all of which bave major problems,

commonly taught languages like German. High

but most scholars of Arabic still agree that Arabic

school Arabic programs are starting in almost every

seems to value the maintenance in the system of

state. There is no question that the study of Arabic

large numbers of synonyms, and that the overall

has become increasingly popular and widespread.

vocabulary of the language is relatively large. This, in

Because this change has happened so quickly, the

addition to the fact that Arabic has far fewer cognate

field of Arabic language teaching has been working

forms for English speaking learners than most

hard to provide high quality materials and resources.

European languages do, makes the above-mentioned

This book is a contribution to that effort.

arguments for the value of a frequency dictionary

What is the value of a frequency dictionary for Arabic language teachers and learners? Isn't it

even more salient in the Arabic case. The vocabulary acquisition task for students is both more extensive

enough to rely on the vocabulary lists in course text

and more difficult, making techniques to maximize

books and on regular dictionaries? The short answer

time spent learning vocabulary all the more important.

is that although text books provide vocabulary in each chapter, there is almost never any indication

As stated, the purpose of this book is to prepare students of Arabic for the words they are most likely

of which of these words the student is most likely

to encounter in the real world. In the case of Arabic,

to encounter in actual conversations or texts. For

this brings up the issue not only of how frequently

independent learners the situation is even more

words are used, but what variety of Arabic those

frustrating. They may pick up a work of fiction or

words come from. Students often complain that

a newspaper and begin to work through the text

Arabs do not speak the way they do "in the textbook:'

looking up unfamiliar words in a dictionary. But they

Today one could add that when Arabs communicate

often have an uncomfortable suspicion that their

by email or post messages on forums, blogs, and

time could be maximized if they could begin with

other social media, they do so in a language that is

the most common words in Arabic, using them as a

not entirely Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or entirely

core vocabulary on which more extensive reading

dialect, but contains a mixture of both, often

could be based. Finally, frequency dictionaries can be

corresponding to the register, formal or informal,

a valuable tool for language teachers and materials

that the writer wishes to convey. It is often noted

developers. It is often the case that students enter

that even in high ly formal social situations few

into an intermediate language course with deficiencies

educated native speakers of Arabic are able to make

in terms of their vocabulary. In these cases the

exclusively and sustained use of MSA, without

teacher often feels frustrated because there doesn't

resorting to the vocabulary, especially the function

seem to be any systematic way to bri ng less advanced

words, of their native dialect. Furthermore, due to

students up to speed. With a frequency dictionary,

the popularity of satellite television in the Arab

however, the teacher could assign students to work

world, many Arabs are now exposed daily to speakers

through the list to fill in the gaps in their vocabulary

of dialects other than their own, thereby increasing

in a way that makes most effective use of their time.

their comprehension of the more frequently occurring

And when they develop materials for their students,

vocabulary items of these dialects. Therefore, one

the frequency dictionary can be a guide to the

of the purposes of this book is to identify those

2 Introduction

highly-frequent dialect words that often pop up in

frequency counts conformed to the language

the middle of a conversation, written or spoken, that

attitudes and pedagogical expectations of their day.

is otherwise in MSA, or a simplified form of MSA, or

The situation today, however, is quite different, as

a combination of MSA and dialect. At the same

the use of colloquial Arabic in the media, both

time, it is noted that for communication to take

written and spoken, is widespread and growing, and

place between Arabic-speakers from different dialect

Arabic textbooks for language learners have adjusted

regions, usage of a considerable amount of MSA

to this reality by including some vocabulary and

vocabulary is absolutely necessary. Furthermore, the

phraseology from the major dialects.

dominance of MSA in formal written media and

Currently available frequency dictionaries of

literature is undisputed, and it is certain that MSA

Arabic are seriously outdated and are based on

wi ll continue to occupy the center of most Arabic

corpora that are considered very small by today's

language curricula. In response to this sociolingui stic

standards. The following is a brief summary and

reality, this dictionary takes into account the current

description of previous frequency dictionaries of

usage status of both MSA and the dialects, and

Arabic, in order of publication:

attempts to provide an accurate record of the frequency of vocabu lary used in both varieties.

Brill's (1940) The Basic Ward List afthe Arabic

Daily Press, was based on a corpus of 136,000

What is in this dictionary?

words from the newspapers of Egypt and

The principal part of this book is the frequency

Palestine in the late 1930s;

dictionary proper, that is, the list of 5,000 most

Aqil's (1953) al-Mufradat al-Asasiyyyah lil-Qira'ah

frequently used Arabic lemmas, as determined by

al-Ibtida'iyyah (Basic vocabu lary for elementary

the process described below. This information is

reading) was based on a corpus of 180,000 words

arranged in four different formats : (i) a main frequency

taken from 18 elementary-level school readers

listing, which lists the lemmas (with their associated

used in six Arab countries;

information) in order of descending frequency; (ii)

Landau 's (1959) A Word Count of Modern Arabic

an alphabetical index of these words; (iii) a frequency

Prose, incorporated Brill 's frequency count of

listing of the words organized by part of speech; and

newspaper prose, and added a frequency count

(iv) thematic lists, or "call-out" boxes, listing groupings

obtained from a comparable corpus of 136,000

of these words into related semantic classes .

words consisting of essays and learned prose;

For pedagogical reasons we have chosen to use the traditional system of arranging entries by root,

Abduh's (1979) al-Mufradat al-Sha'i' ah fi al-

Lughah al-Arabiyyah (Frequently used Arabic

which highlights important aspects of Arabic

vocabulary) included the surveys of Brill, Aqil,

derivational morphology that play an important role

and Landau, to which he added the resu lts of a

in vocabulary development.

survey he made earlier (1955 -1957) of 255,000

Each of the entries in the )Tlain listing contains the word itself (its headword or citation form), its part(s) of speech (verb:

noun~adjective,

etc.), a

words from Jordanian newspapers and elementary school readers; Fromm's (1982) Hiiufigkeitsworterbuch der

sample sentence or context -reflecting actual usage,

modern en arabischen Zeitungspache (Frequency

an English translation of that context, and summary

dictionary of modern newspaper Arabic), was

statistical information about the usage of that word .

based on a corpus of 79,561 words derived

The dictionary is focused on Single words, so the

mainly from the editorial content of the leading

treatment of collocations and multiword expressions

government newspaper of Egypt, Syria,

falls outside its scope.

and Iraq;

Previous frequency dictionaries of Arabic

/'arabe standard moderne was based on a corpus

Kouloughli's (1991) Lexique fondamental de Previously publi shed frequency counts of Arabic have

of 200,000 words taken from newspapers and

focused exclusive ly on the formal written language,

magazines from all parts of the Arab world, and

Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), and have ignored

includes extracts from plays and short stories of

spoken and dialectal Arabic. To be fair, these

modern writers.

Introduction

In addition the above publications, there are two

3

of spontaneous (unscripted) speech data, consisting

surveys that focused exclusively on Arabic verb

mostly of informal conversations between individuals

frequencies:

from the same country or region in the Arab world. These conversations were conducted primarily in a

Bobzin's (1980) "Zur Haufigkeit von Verben in

single dialect, although in some cases there was some

Neuhocharabischen;' Zeitschrift fUr arabische

use of simplified MSA when the register or tone of

Linguistik (5:35-69) computed the frequencies

the conversations was more formal. The dialects and

of 43,543 verbs occuring in literature, cultural

dialect groups represented in this collection were

magazines, and scholarly publications in seven

Egyptian, Levantine, Iraqi, Gulf and Algerian.

Arab countries;

The remaining 90 percent of the corpus came from

Bobzin 's (1983) "On the Frequency of Verbs

written sources, divided into five different text or

in Modern Newspaper Arabic," al-Abhath

genre types of equal size, i.e. about 5.4 million words

(31:45 -63) surveyed 21,055 verb tokens from

each: (i) daily newswire,. (ii) newspaper editorials,

twelve different newspapers published from

opinion essays, regular column s; (iii) learned prose,

Baghdad to Algiers.

consisting mostly of artic les in academic and scientific journals, including " Islamic guidance"

Of the above frequency dictionaries only Kouloughli

essays, and popular but formal magazines and

(1991) is currently in print. 5ince the 1990s

publications; (iv) postings on Internet discussion

considerable progress has been made in corpus-based

forums; and (v) literature and fiction, made up of

computational linguistics, making it possible to survey

short stories, novels, and plays . Several aspects of

much larger amounts of data. In fact, computational

the written corpus are worth pointing out:

corpus-based lexicography of MSA was introduced

With the exception of the literature section, each

some years ago by lexicographers van Mol (2001)

of the five text types contained material originating

and Hoogland, Versteegh, and Woidich (2003), but

from al l regions of the Arabic-speaking world, from

corpus-based lexical statistics has not received adequate

Morocco to Oman, and from Syria to Yemen, from

attention. In the meantime, the amount of Arabic

a total of 90 different sources. Practically all of the

data published on the Web has increased dramatically.

texts were published in 2006-2007, with the

Because this new electronic medium provides great

exception of some academic, scientific and popular

freedom for self-expression, published material today

publications from the late 1990s, and some well-

covers not only MSA but also various forms of written

known works of fiction from the 1950s.

Arabic dialect that are undergoing a process of orthographic standardization though widespread use. In order to identify the most frequent 5,000 lexical items of Arabic one must develop a balanced corpus

The daily newswire section of the corpus was obtained from the official news agency of each country, and was supplemented by front page (head line) news items from one of the leading

that includes not only the familiar MSA of newswire

newspapers in the same country. In order to avoid

reports, newspaper editorials, academic and scientific

duplicate news items we limited selections to

publications, short stories, novels and other works of

different years: e.g. 2006 for the country's official

literature, but also the informal written Arabic and

news agency, and 2007 for headline news from the

dialectal Arabic that abounds today on Internet

leading newspaper of that country. The corpus

discussion forums and the personal websites of social

section of newspaper editorials, opinion essays, and

media. A frequency dictionary of Arabic wou ld not

regular columns came primarily from long-stand ing

be complete without a statistical survey of the daily

and wel l-known newspapers of major Arab capital

spoken language as well, most of which is also in

cities, as well as the leading pan-Arab newspapers in

dialect. We addressed all these issues in selecting the

London and Paris. Samples of academic, scientific,

corpus we would use for this frequency dictionary.

religious, and popular formal writing was obtained primarily from weekly magazines and monthly journals,

The corpus

although in-depth articles from newspaper publications,

Our dictionary was compiled from a corpus of

especially from the "Friday supplement," were also

30 million words of which 10 percent was made up

found to fit in well with this genre or text type.

4

Introduction

The corpus section containing postings on Internet discussion forums was our primary source for samples

frequency of these surface forms but also their distribution over the corpus . This was done in two

of informal written Arabic as well as written dialect.

separate processes, one for the written corpus and

The discussion forums are dominated by the interests

one for the spoken corpus . The purpose of this was

of youth culture (e.g. sports, technology, videos,

to determine the optimum number of unique

music, and pop stars) and the concerns of women

surface forms or types to analyze, disambiguate in

(e.g. child rearing, marital relations, soap operas, and

context, and tag for lemmatization . We determined

cooking), and have become an important venue for

that we would begin by processing the top 20,000

obtaining religious guidance and medical advice, and

word forms of the written corpus, after which we

for discussing personal and family issues. Although

would examine the yield of disambiguated and

many of these topics have received coverage over

tagged lemmas to determine if a larger selection of

the years in newspapers and magazines, in the forums

word forms was necessary. We used a simi lar approach

they are covered more informally, directly, and

with the spoken corpus, in which we tagged the

personally. The language of the forums is unedited,

most frequent 10,000 word forms, and then assessed

unevenly censored, and often quickly produced . It

the results in terms of lemmas covered . As it turned

abounds in first and second person discourse, and

out, the combination of both processes yielded some

imperative verb forms, and proved to be an excellent

9,900 unique lemmas, with sufficient statistical

source for the written forms of vocabulary associated

evidence to identify with confidence the top 5,000

primarily with spoken colloquial Arabic. In fact, many

lemmas for this frequency dictionary. Lemmas at the

of the most frequent words in the spoken corpus

very end of the frequency ranking display absolute

also appeared in the forums section of the corpus,

frequency figures of around 200 occurrences, with a

often with considerable orthographic variation .

distribution over 50 percent of the corpus.

Recording this orthographic variation is an important part of the lexicographic description of these words. The literature section of the corpus contained a

The top 20,000 word forms of the written corpus were processed using the Buckwalter (2004) morphological analyzer in order to assign one or

solid core of works by recognized authors such as

more possible lemma tags to each word form , as

Naguib Mahfouz, Tawfiq ai-Hakim, Ali Salim, Edwar

well as to identify all prefixes and suffixes that would

al-Kharrat, Tayeb Salih, Ghassan Kanafani , Elias

be listed in the frequency dictionary. The

Khoury, Khalil Gibran, Ahlam Mosteghanemi, Tahar

disambiguation and final tagging of each word form

Ouettar, Najwa Barakat, as well as authors of more

was done in an on line interactive concordance and

recent fame such as Rajaa Alsanea and Alaa AI

annotation tool developed at BYU and customized

Aswany. Supplementary works of fiction, especially

for this task. The core idea of the tool was that by

short stories and poems, were obtained from the

allowing the annotator to sort all the concordance

literary section of magazines and newspapers. The first four sections of the written corpus (i.e.

lines related to a single word form, either by the word before or the word after the word form, large

newswire, editorials, learned prose, and forums) were

numbers of similar items could quickly be coded at

subdivided into document units of 200,000 words

the same time, saving hundreds of hours of coding

each, so that we had

time . In this tool, the annotator selected from a

atota1 of 27 documents of

equal size in each of these four sections (200,000 x 27

= 5.4 million words). The literature section of the

corpus consisted of 72 documents of varying sizes,

menu of possible morphological analyses, applied the selection to the appropriate lines in the concordance, then clicked on a button to store that

and the spoken corpus consisted of eleven

selection in a database. In other words, the process

subsections, also of varying sizes.

of disambiguation and tagging of the written corpus

Annotating the data from the corpus

concordance lines. The same process was followed

involved the examination of 20,000 individual The first step in annotating the data was to generate

for tagging the 10,000 most frequent word forms in

a frequency count of all surface forms (i.e. Arabic

the spoken corpus. Items for which no acceptable

words as they are actually written, with prefixes and

morphological analysis was available were tagged for

suffixes) taking into account not only the raw

separate processing. Much of the dialectal data, both

Introduction

spoken and written, required manual analysis and

Although suffixes are normally not listed in Arabic

tagging before storing the results in the database.

dictionaries, we decided that the dialectal negative

S

marker -sh was sufficiently important for inclusion .

Organizing and categorizing the data the general organization of lemmas we were guided

Frequency, range, and adjusted frequency ("Selecting the top 5,000 words")

by the content and arrangement of entries in the

Obtaining the raw or absolute frequency of each

For determining the lemma status of words and for

leading comprehensive dictionaries of MsA, namely

lemma was a fairly straightforward computational

Wehr (1985), Kropfitsch (1996), and Hoogland,

process. However, for selecting the most frequent

Versteegh, and Woidich (2003), although some

5,000 lemmas we needed to compute an adjusted

differences among these were duly noted. For guidance

frequency figure that took into consideration the

in integrating dialectal lemmas within the larger

dispersion characteri~tis:s.of ea,cQ lemma, that is,

predominantly MsA lexicon we followed Bergman

how each lemma was dl;tributed over the different

(2005) for Algerian, Hinds and Badawi (1986) for

sections and document units of the entire corpus. A

Egyptian, Woodhead and Beene (1967) for Iraqi, and

dispersion figure of 1.00 meant a perfect distribution

Qafisheh (1997) and Holes (2001) for Gulf Arabic.

over all sections of the corpus . We identified 191

In addition to making use of standard part of

corpus sections, of which 108 were of regular and

speech labels such as "noun" and "adjective," we also

equal size (200,000 words each from the first four

used the sub-categories "verbal noun" as well as

sections of the written corpus: i.e. newswire, editorials,

"active participle" and "passive participle" when it

learned prose, and forums) and 83 sections of uneven

was felt that the lexicographic description warranted

size (from the literature and spoken corpus data),

such distinctions. Active and passive participles were

and adjustments were made to account for the

lemmatized with their adjectival counterparts, rather

re lative size differences. The final adjusted frequency

than counted as instances of the corresponding verb

was obtained by multiplying the raw frequency by

lemma. (A few exceptions were made for dialectal

the dispersion figure. For example, the dialectal word

active participles that had no adjectival counterpart).

1c5 had a raw frequency of 8,928, but because its

However, these lexical items were labeled as active or

usage was restricted to 54.28 percent of the corpus,

passive participles in order to differentiate them

its adjusted frequency was 4,846 (8,928 x 0.5428),

from adjectival uses of the same lemma, in cases

which placed it in rank position 768. Notice the raw

where this usage was attested. It was also observed

frequency and range count (distribution) of the

that in many cases, items that carry the primary

lemmas ranked directly before and after

label "adjective" could also function syntactically as

1c5 (Table 1).

Because the spoken corpus accounted for only

nouns. When such behavior was noted in the corpus

10 percent of the data, much of the high-frequency

data, it was also noted in the description, including

vocabulary of spoken colloquial Arabic did not make

any attested inflectional properties. It is important to

it into the top 5,000 list. Those words that did make

note that the plural forms listed in this frequency

it, however, were dialect vocabulary items that are

dictionary, both regular and irregular ("broken"), are

now also widely used in written media, and were

only those that were attested in the analyzed and

observed to have relatively high frequencies and

tagged corpus. Similarly, dialectal labels within MsA

good distribution especially in the "forums" section

lexical entries were applied only when such usage

of the corpus. In order to "rescue" some of these

was attested in the data. The morphology analysis and tagging process

high-frequency dialect words that are primarily spoken, but not written, we experimented briefly

provided detailed statistics on bound morphemes.

with adding weights to the spoken corpus. However,

We have included in this dictionary only those

it quickly became obvious that this process actually

bound morphemes that are traditionally listed in

"promoted" many more MsA words that it did dialect

Arabic lexicons, such as the definite article 01-, the

words. Also, a comparison of the lists of words "lost"

conjunctions wo- and (0-, the prepositions bi-, li-, and

and words "gained" showed that there was nothing

ko-, etc. These bound morphemes as listed along

intrinsically "spoken" about the MsA words in

with all the other entries in the alphabetical index.

the words "gained" list.

6 Introduction

Table 1 Frequency and dispersion

PaS

Lemma

Rank

Gloss

Dispersion

Raw

Adjusted

Frequency

Frequency

767

..... -::-;: JJ'

v. II

to decide

0.9660

5019

4848.6

768

01c5 (Egy. Lev.)

adv.

also

0.5428

8928

4845.8

769

~~

adj.

new; modern

0.9660

5014

4843.5

The main frequency index

section of the corpus. (Although we have computed

The main frequency index presents a rank-order

the individual raw frequencies of al l inflected forms,

listing of the top 5,000 lemmas in Arabic, from the

providing these additional statistical details in the

highest-scoring lemma to the lowest-scoring one.

current presentation format was not feasible).

Each entry contains the following information:

The part of speech rank frequency (1, 2, 3, ... ), headword, part(s)

Verbs were labeled with a part of speech code

of speech, English glosses (including any

accompanied by the traditional Roman numeral

additional part of speech tags and relevant

designation for the derived form measures, namely

dialect labels), sample sentence or context,

I through X for tri literal roots, and QI and QII for

English translation of sample sentence or

quadrilateral roots. (Quadriliterals of form III and IV

context, range count (dispersion), raw frequency

were not attested in the corpus). The part of speech

total, indication of register variation

tags of triliteral form I verbs also make note of the stem vowel of the Imperfect. All verbal nouns were

For example, here is the entry for the word

.i;i~.

lemmatized and counted separately from their respective verbs, and are often listed with thei r

3495

.a:i ~ n. pI. ~')I.:; spoon; (also Egy.Lev.) .iJ:~ ~I.:.r cY')\....!->~ e '-:"' y5 J -?l!J1 '-:"'.r; ~ 0J~J -

She drinks tea from a cup

corresponding nominalized forms. The distinction between noun and verbal noun was made explicit primarily when the data provided ready evidence of

with three spoonfuls of sugar and without

the noun's inflection for number, which was also

milk

noted in the entry. Gender labels were provided for

41 1873

unmarked feminine nouns (e.g. '-:"'? fem.n .) as well

I +for

as mascu line nouns with feminine suffixes (e.g. This entry shows that the word in rank position 3495 is

.i;i~, which is glossed as "spoon," and that

its plural form is also imply that it

~_')I.:;

(and by li sting the plural we

was attested In the corpus). The

~

masc.n.). Collective nouns were labeled as such

(e.g. JJJ coll.n.) and their unit nouns were also identified (e.g. ;jJJ u.n.), provided that they had been attested in the corpus.

entry goes on to say that in Egyptian and Levantine data the interesting variant form .;1:~ occurred. An

The English gloss

Arabic sentence from the corpus illustrates usage

The English glosses are not comprehensive, but

of the word-in this case the plural form-and is

attempt to capture the most important or frequent

followed by an English translation. The last line in

meanings of the lemma. (In the alphabetical index,

the entry presents the range count figure of 41,

the glosses were further reduced to what cou ld fit

meaning that usage of this word was distributed

on one line of text). When concordance data showed

over 41 percent of the corpus; the raw frequency

a specific high-frequency collocation or idiomatic

figure of 873, wh ich is the total number of occurrences

use whose meaning might not be deduced from the

for the singu lar and plural forms combi ned; and the

meaning of the lemma in isolation, an attempt was

"genre bias" tag +for, which indicates that a significant

made to include the coll ocation and its gloss within

majority of uses were attested in the "forums"

the entry. Dialectal use was also noted in the English

Introduction

gloss field, as well as any relevant pronunciation

7

specific to informal on-line written discourse (e.g. ,;~, !l1.?-, !I.J~' ~.?-, and 4L!..;1) as we ll as

information .

the computer-oriented vocabu lary of Arab Internet citizens (e.g. bl.; , ~ , .j1>-, jj, and ~!)

Dialect information Dialect labels were applied to lemmas that were exclusively dialectal, as well as lemmas that were

Thematic vocabulary ("call-out boxes")

primarily MSA but also manifested certain dialect-

Some 30 tables of thematically-related words have

influenced uses that showed up in the data.

been placed throughout the frequency index. Some

Sometimes it was simply a frequent dialectal or

of these tables include li sts of words related to

regional spelling, like .)~ (and .)~) for the ve rb .)\5,

specific semantic classes, such as food, clothing,

multiple pronunciations and spelling variations of

sports, colors, nationalities, and professions. Other

what can essentially be considered the same word

tables focus more on gl4mmati~-a1 aspects of Arabic,

(e.g.r-'" Ihuml "they," which in the various dialects

such as the derivational morphology system of base

can be pronounced Ih umma/,/hummel and Iham/,

and augmented verbs, or the vocabulary of the

and written V, V>, and meanings, such as

..f), or specific

J-:&-, ("life") which

dialectal

is "bread"

regional varieties or different dialects of Arabic. In order to be more complete, some of these tables li st

in Egyptian, and " rice" in Gulf dialects. We applied

vocabulary beyond the set of 5,000 described in the

dialectal labels on ly to describe what was observed

frequency index. Finally, although proper names are

and attested in the corpus.

often excluded from frequency dictionaries, names

Phrase in context and translation

because of the absence of capitalization in Arabic,

The sample sentences and usage contexts came from

and because many names are also used as common

in Arabic are especially chall enging for the learner

the corpus itself It should also be noted that for the

nouns and adjectives. Our tables show, for example,

sake of authenticity some common inconsistencies

that the most frequent female given name is •J'" j

in Arabic spelling regarding the use of hamza,

("flower"). Although names were not included in

particularly, and yaa' without the two dots at the

the list of top 5,000 lemmas, we obtained their

end of words, were left unchanged in the examples.

individual frequencies and separate ranking in the

These sample sentences also reflect real-world usage

process of disambiguating and tagging the data used

and certain ideological biases, and may not always

for selecting the top 5,000 lemmas.

be factual or politically correct. Their use in this dictionary does not imply any editorial endorsement

Alphabetical and part of speech indexes

of the ideas conveyed in these examples.

The alphabetical index lists all 5,000 lemmas

Statistical and register information

followed in most dictionaries and which facilitates

alphabetically according to the root system that is The last line of each entry contains two numbers

internalizing the root and pattern morphology

separated by a vertical bar. The number on the left

system of Arabic. The entries in the index are

is the range count or dispersion figure discussed

considerably abbreviated in order to fit on one line

above. The number on the right is the raw frequency

of text. Each entry provides the headword citation

total of all the variant and inflected forms of the

form, the part of speech, a basic English gloss, and

lemma represented by this entry. Some entries will

the lemma's score (rank frequency) in the dictionary.

contain additional register variation codes which

The full description of the lemma can be found by

record the observed "genre bias" of the lemma.

looking up the rank frequency number in the main

These codes indicate whether the lemma occurred

frequency listing.

primarily in spoken data (+spo), in newspaper material (+news), in literature (+Iit), or in informal

The part of speech index provides two sections: one li sting Function words (conjunctions,

written Arabic, i.e. the postings on Internet forums

interjections, interrogatives, numbers, particles,

(+for). Note that by definition, data marked as +spo

prepositions, and pronouns) and the other li sting

is almost all dialectal. Data marked as +for, however,

Lexical words (adjectives, adverbs, elatives, nouns,

contains a good balance of written dialect (e.g.

and verbs). Each part of speech category is li sted in

.)\..!s., ,-15, ...,.aJl>-, ~.;\:, and J~) and MSA that is

descending rank frequency order.

References

Abduh,

o. (1979)

Hoogland, J., Versteegh, K., and Woidich, M.

al·Mufradat al·Sha'i'ah fi al-Lughah al-Arabiyyah.

eds (2003)

[Frequently used Arabic vocabulary]. Riyadh:

Woordenboek Arabisch-Nederlands. Amsterdam :

University of Riyadh.

Bulaaq.

Bergman, E. (2005)

Kouloughli,

o. (1991)

Spoken Algerian Arabic. Springfield, VA:

Lexique fondamental de /'arabe standard

Dunwoody Press.

moderne. Paris: L'Harmattan .

Bobzin, H. (1980)

Kropfitsch, L. (1996)

"Zur Haufigkeit von Verben in Neuhocharabischen."

Langenscheidt Handworterbuch Arabisch-Deutsch .

Zeitschrift fUr arabische Linguistik S: 35-69.

Berlin: Langenscheidt.

Bobzin, H. (1983)

Landau, J.M. (1959)

"On the Frequency of Verbs in Modern

A Word Count of Modern Arabic Prose. New York:

Newspaper Arabic" AI-Abhath 31 : 45 -63.

ACLS.

Brill, M. (1940)

No author (c. 1979)

The Basic Word List of the Arabic Daily Press.

Qa'imat Makkah lil-Mufradat al-Sha 'i'ah.

Jerusalem: Hebrew University Press.

Mecca: AI-Wahda.

Buckwalter, T. (2004)

Qafisheh, H. (1997)

Buckwalter Arabic Morphological Analyzer.

NTC's Gulf Arabic-English dictionary. Lincolnwood,

Philadelphia: Linguistic Data Consortium.

III.: NTC Pub. Group.

Fromm, WoO. (1982)

van Mol, M . (2001)

Hiiufigkeitsworterbuch der modernen arabischen

Leerwoordenboek Arabisch-Nederlands.

Zeitungspache: ein Mindestwortschatz: arabisch,

Amsterdam: Bulaaq .

deutsch, englisch . Leipzig: Verlag Enzyklopadie. Hinds, M. and Badawi, 5. (1986)

A Dictionary of Egyptian Arabic. Arabic-English .

Beirut: Librairie du Liban. Holes, C. (2001)

Wehr, H. (1985)

Arabisches Worterbuch fur die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart. 5th ed. Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz. Woodhead, O.R. and Beene, W. eds (1967)

A Dictionary of Iraqi Arabic. Arabic-English .

Dialect. Culture, and Society in Eastern Arabia:

Washington, DC: Georgetown University

Vol. I, Glossary. Leiden: Brill.

Press.

Frequency index Format of entries rank frequency, headword, part of speech, English equivalent sample sentence -

English translation

range count I raw frequency total

I genre

bias tag

JI part. (definite article) the; (written

,-,l::5iJ U""li\ll'; ~I.j';l,> ~UI ~i -

J

after

~

4

prep. J)

~.k •L. ..:... '-:").;. .)i L.! ::,.ts I f •;l.~ .:riJ I

'&1 ~

Th e

L. ..:... ~

.)i -

Art is just a cup, we

can either use it to grink fresh water or we can

seller spent his life searching for diamonds 100 I 5004793

prep. from; (with f9"' verb or vn.) since

L.!J

I

use it to gulp down that which angers God (i.e. alcohol) 100 I 745190

2 j con}. and; prep. with ~ .:. 01

Lrl

She is crazy and not good

will turn into a battlefield

other, another; one more, additional; ).'il .:;.:.

~

Jl ~ -

for him at all, and if he marries her, their house

38 ;>1 adj. pI. -uun, ;>1 fern. LS':;>-I pI. v4.:;>-1 he also, LS'; '11

~L..

confused victims

I

100 I 52702

....,.;I J ~ t

~ Jljlo ~I ~1.r")'1 -

It is not clear

any more whether the two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is sti ll possible 98149360

I

J...>i 01 ~ 0\5 .;>\; - I had to arrive before

01,f>\I r')U:Jl J}.> jJ

~).JI

J..i'W

Q

nightfall because if I were late I wou ld lose my way 99143701

I

14

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

58

.)::l conj. (with pron . or following noun in acc.) however, but;

~

~

and

..:r...r.JI..:r.I •.J~ ~.J~I forty, but he looks twenty

J..:..s::J

90

I 45859

65

Jr -

d

adj. pI. )~ large; great, important, major;

adult, senior; pl.n. )~I adults

however I, but I

iL..~1

He is

Jl ~J,i.~ .... ~~- He is

wearing a large turban that is tilted slightly forward

1

99 1 37236

59

I

.;..;3 v. I (perf. only) ~ he/it is not, \ - ' :1 she/it is not,

L:J we

are not;

~ isn't ...?

66

;;.-1 n. pI. 01"":1, .':;":'1 "'-' ~

~,..,...

brother; (in idafa) nom .

"

~

"

~.,,-.::..h..iJ1, gen . ~I, ace. l.>l; (with pron .) ~ ..,.>1, ~I,

I would have done it, but that isn't within my

LS..,.>I, (Egy.lrq.) ~..,.>I; (Dia.) ~~, LS"">~,

~l.>l his br~ther; ~l my brother, (Lev.Gul.) " -" ,

4;~ = ~i ~

reach

my friend;

(h~y)

buddy

t1 '1., ,-,,;..!l.J i l '1., ~ crJ -=--:.Jllh

901454161

-

Thi s

house is not your house, and you have neither

60 -4~ adj. pI. ~~ new, modern; -'!~

.:r again,

a mother nor a brother in it

anew

99

I 36766 I

J"'-

~~I J:.,AJ ~~ ~'1 ~ ~.!ll:..A Is there any intention to add new players to the

61

67 ~ interrog. how; (Lev.) /kiif, keefl, (Gul.) ~

Najaf team?

/cheef/; (with pron.)

991403751

how are you?

~1 conj. if; whether;

.1 n. fem . LS:b.l one (of), someone; anyone; (neg.) nobody, n9 one;

(/Urn.

~ :'l;.i, fem . i? LS.:i;:1

I have not seen him in

(in compounds)

99

I 34782 I

eleven

~I..b.,. '11,CY-' -.- '1 !..l>t.cY-' -.: '1 ...!.l;1, - You don't

64

t-

(the past) five years

70

;1 n. pI. )}\ matter, issue, concern, affair

trust anyone! You only trust (the people of)

~\:JI ~ '1 r+' r ~ .-'!) - I need him for

your sect

an important matter which cannot be postponed

100 1 37897 1

99

)$"1 elat.

more/most, greater/greatest in

number

i~

.:.r .;51 ~ ~..r '11 ...:.-I} 01~ 0L,:> ,-:--::--",1 .j-iJ i~i ~ Ji L:... o..l>lyll ~wl)1 -

78

J....... J'"

(J v. I (i) to finish, conclude, come to an end; to take place, be held (event)

....~ ~ iL..\ J'-r.? . J cou;se of;

in the

~~ ~~ - adv. where, in which; conj. ~ and

means of, through; across, via; on the basis of,

~I

15

based on

Jts::.. ~ c:"\ ~ 0'- Jl ~ l..'>..l.>T Ji U)}

About six

- -?.iJ1 '-;"'\11""; ~ J

~I..\&ol Jo:-\ If r~

-

He found in him

~

99 I 33766

*'

e

~~ .:0- WI ~ I)~

J ~ - My greetings to all the magazine staff for their efforts in preparing

the father (figure) that he had been deprived of

I

a perceptive and educated generation

77 !J~ odv. there, over there; there is, there are;

.!lL:... Iminnaakl (lrq .Gul.) from there, from that place; .!lu. Iia-hunaakl (Dia.) to there, to that

100 I 32553

83

I

:oak:! (often :oak:; or ~;) n. pI. ,-*l;;

region,

area, zone, territory

place

If o.."....u ~

'r3- 1 ~ -?~ ~L.. -¥.: ~ L..~

-

4 ...:..Ll!...l.p,-Jj

~ o..l>-I J Does every woman love her hu sband like you do,

)

~

(def.

~L...I)

0 Y-.r::--.; 1-11 u1~

name 01)1

. \.:.,

~

(Thi s) woman appears on t elevision

with her real name and profess ion

such as, the likes of

\'ofj c:.......

I

90

~1 v.

I

IV to be possible

(J

for sb) to do sth;

0 ....

.

.,:

.... ,

Mrs. Zahra?

0\ ~ it' s possible to (do sth); 0 1 ~ you

99 I 31527

can (do sth)

I

2 Body 110 130 148 170 215 363 627 786 947 1026 1327 1373 1423

.....J.i ~ ~ ~.J

..,..1) i~

r.li ).J....t>

2441 2476 2548 2619 2686 2844

heart eye hand face head blood

hair tongue

.

~

right hand

~

back. ..

.

heel (arso after)

1476

4:.-1)

palm (also rest)

1525 1853 2080 2089 2178 2322 2372

r-t

~

bone

c:"'!

finger

r.t

left hand

o})"

gall bladder (also bitterness)

chest

~

tooth palm

foot

0W

~

- ~I ~ .&Il:.,.i~ I;U

c: J-~ ~ -

Why is God

sins while he is going easy on the Americans? 91

~

conj. however, but; (also

~')

99 1 29658 1

in informal

or sub-standard spelling)

.:,s::J ).r..

~.U.;JIJ .IJJ..II

f I.k>-I -

J&- ~li)14 cr.1 :,::,J.L•.,.jJ

98

clJ n. pI. ~liji time, moment, period; S.iJ1 ...:J.Jl1

And I asked: Where is the food

J

while

and drug control adm ini stration? But nobody

...jJ ,:?I Y" -

rig~t. to

He receive him any

time

90 133727 1

99 129493 1

92 ~) n. pI. J~ ~ n. man

~~ )I,;r 1~;51 Gt}1

J- -Is the woman

99 ~ n. (rarely fem.; Dia. masc.lfem .) pI.

)~, ':"I~ country, nation; )":>\.:ll the country; ~'(Egy.Lev.) fem.n. town, vill~ge ':"I.r..u '7'?I J!.- ':"I~ n. life

92 1 31648 1

J5

has to be struck by this paradox

94

~..!.l;~ ~\....:r';~

')

I;U ~F

') I;U-

Why don't you speak? Why don't you tell me

101

about you r past life?

pI.

~~

parliament; t;11

99 130100 1

95

~ n.

council, board;

~I ~

~ (US) Senate J&- ~'21I...!1l.iS

C')L,~~ ~u..I.r...;1.A.:.I1 ~I -

uJ..;; n. pI. ~I"; subject, topic, issue,

The Council also took a look at the

reports concerning environmental reform

theme; adj. placed, laid down; located,

961302061

situated; spurious (Hadith)

.:r UL,;. ...!..l.o')\5 .:, 1 Jl &~I ...::...Al1.:,,1 ~I \"'Li '-'".;J..II

t.r"'."... -

102

I would like to draw to

fli

II.

I (u) to rise, stand up; to undertake, carry

out '7' (task, activity); to play '7' (a role); to be

J&- on;

your attention to the fact that your talk is

based

completely outside the subject matter of

J.» ,;rj

(with imperf.) to start to do sth

.l:... J..--II Ilr. W - We carried out

the study

that work a long time ago

97 130657 1

991290031

96 .r..jj

n. pI. .I.;j,j minister

G~IJ GIrl ~ l.r..jJ

'\' f G)j)1 • ..L.

103

~-

t4.J..; n. pI. -aat government, administration ~(".ll r-

I:.:.::...a..; J.I

~ l),,~ ~I J~ ..;1 u~4JI J:i...\51 Jl.;.,lj)1 - He confirmed before the finals that

For anyone who has been struck by Alzheimers

J";:> adj.

(rare) state, national

or memory loss, the Palestinians are resisting

he will retire from international play after the

the occupation of their lands, and the Zionists

World Cup

are the occupiers

961248171

.

99 124627 1

,,

....

122 .,.......;. n. pI. '-:"".,...:. people, nation 117 .,....;.:. n. pI.

,-:"t.;.1 reason , cause;

\; : '

~

uL,.-.;' JyU.~ ~".....:JI

because

iJL~4 ,-:"u.J~ 1 ~

The West shou ld not insLT1t people by calling them

of

'11 ~ . /'1 .;1.J"'1 ~ ",I ~ ) ~ '1

J! •• \..... ~I i~ '-:" ~I J.-

o-.aJ,,-..rJ 1Jr-S -

e:-ll

\..j)1 u.J - Christ does not permit a man to

names like "Axis of Evi l" and accusing Islam of

divorce his wife for any reason except perhaps

terrorism 98

adultery 99

I 24222 I

I 24502 I 123 :>~ v. I (u) to return, go back to be attributed

118 ~) n. pI. -aat company, corporation

~:>~

uL......".:1I~~)\...'~.rJI~..I.i

~

~.l;.,;jl};':"" '1"

I 23911 I

124 .L.:. v. I (a) to want, desire sth; ~ you wish; .lll ;L.:.

~."...:.1 ~ ~ il.;l .~ - Can he count his

\j as

"'I (informally .lll .L.:..;I and

.llL.:..;I) hopefully, God willing

happy times? How many are they? A few days?

~ JWI )1J1 u~ " J5 t.L-J "'''..1...:.-0 ~ L.. J~" "'y.jA.t" ~1~1 ~ js:J ~ ",I uSJ ul.;? ..:.......;J" ~,,; 0-4-J .~ - We are

A few months? 98

sth;

l:...... I~I ~ ~ ulkl..w ~1 ~ ~ }"J-I

the network, and for the stabi lity of the power

~u.~~

Jl to

sth/sb; (with imperf.)

be sth

pounds for widening, setting up and renewing

97

Jl to

I 24721 I

prepared to listen to all opposing points

120

oJ""':' n. pI. J~

picture, image, photo;

of view but for every person to have their

manner, way, form

own radio and television program and say

of l5~1 J')U::.....I ~ c,?.i.l1 ~I"

U y j.A>

whatever he wants, well that is chaos,

"'~ '~4 ~~u.) ",l5 t)1b...;J1 J)\.:.>.'il

and not freedom

• I.,;J I ~" -.0L:.. ~Iy. "'~I..I..l)1

contrary, they put hi s picture today on the

•~ ~" ..I.>- Jl ~ fo -

currency, because he stood in the face of

very dangerous situation, namely that security is

the invaders and liberated his land 99

I 24052 I

The country now faces a

lacking to a large extent 98

I 23885 I

20

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

126

~I) v.

IV to want, desire sth or .)\ to do sth

132

j:J. n. pI. Jts::..!.i manner; form, shape; js::...:. Ishak\-il it

Jw.i J..:.r..J ... i J..:.J'...J -Gl,,> J..:.r.. JI..rJ1 .)o1}1

appearance, look; (GuI.Lev.)

~J "~~J'r.> J...t5i J..:.J'''; -

seems to me, ..!.ll.>:..;. Ishakl-akJ it seem that

The Iraqi

citizen wants his life and he wants hi s mother

you

and he wants his children and he wants his

1("' .........lL JI 0 ~JI' "~oo

food and his bread and his electricity and his

~J

OO'

4:... \.;..l5 -

health

I 2396S I

97

u.s Vl,i .1." oJi J.:';} J.,"""' . \.r.'" .:..1).•....:. J)I.>. (J' v-;-lJ ,~ ~ Our children need to learn how to

belong to their country in a real practical way, and not through slogans which they and we are

127

~! part. ;'UI

indeed

4-0 ~ tJ

all tired of ,- J5l!..o ~Iy

134 1.,;1 part. (focus) j .. t;\ as for... , concerning ... ;

.i:;J ~IJi - ad}. special, specific; private, personal;

(non-human pl.)

exclusive, elite

ww.J o..L,>-JJ ~~ tA ~I .!ll.; J ..::......>i

.;51 leu !5~~IIJ"'~I ~ J ..? oJ\hLJ1 015

-

-G~ JjJ .~ ":lJi (J'

She felt, at that moment, that she was a

stranger, alone and lost 89

130

~\I

now, to our main point

problems when students fail in final secondary

99

129

I 22811 I

.:..:L-1 I'ahleenl

I 2S722 I

water source; spy. secret agent; eye (needle)

U.

J1 ~- He kept winking at her with

A

his eye 100 122982

The Sultan trusted his

children or his wives 99

~ fem.n . pI. 0;j" ';;'1 eye; water spring, ~

-

private Jewish doctor perhaps more than his

136

I 22S28 I

J.;;. prep. around; about, concerning ...:...4l; .. )a.J.10~\ 0l>-~ (J' o.d

o.l;L;

I

!.It:.... ..:.-;l5 oJ! !5J\I ~~

-

4

~I

A big cloud of

perfumed pipe smoke greeted me. I looked around me to see if there was a window

131

Zr.~1 rel.pror;. prep. ~

(masc.pl.) who, whom; (with

99

I 22294 I

-D 0;-:W

o.rl:-- .:..\j)\&. Jl> J ~ .:..1.l41J\ •..L.

~~\ .:..\).....J\

J 0 ~ .:r...iJ\ .J;1!..l\ -

137 ~ v. I (a) to work, function; to make, prepare, build sth

These meetings help create direct relationships

0L:....I ~ L..ylJ ,~~I

between the representatives who will be

-

..,..,.,,\....:0.::.:-\ j......; 4-oi

Her mother works as a social specialist, and

working in Egyptian embassies

her father is a dentist

981234461

99

I 22316 I

Frequency index

138

...

~

v. I (iJ to mean, imply sth

:::" or .)1 that;

144 ~+' n. pI.

.)J;

city

(pass.) ~/:; to be concerned '7' with,

~..ul ,J.".

take an interest....., in

needs someone to take him by the hand

.) ...jt f'i ~ -

JJ

~~'ll

J..;II ~~'ll U J ~~I ~I -

~.r­

opposite 99 1 21714 1

possession, and I cou ldn't find the appropriate

146

term for it in English

~f n. ~f also, as

after Hitler and Goering

is

961 22381 1

better than cure

.1f'1 ~ ~ .)1 ~ CJj ..r:> ..;~ J -

I found

him to be the best husband a woman cou ld dream of

~

147

...j, . . adj.

good, nice; pleasant; delicious;

J.

~

interj. good, fine, OK; (Egy.Lev. shortened to

-,..1; Lev. shortened also to u.) J>- !ll.o. v-;-li

99122099 1

141

~ -.?j UI '7'~I- It was said that

that he was the third man in the Nazi Party

best; ~I c..~ good morning!; ;;..,. ~

C~I ~ ; ; ..;:t.; j l prev~ntion

P

he was mentally retarded , and it was also said

;J- n. goodness, good; adj. better (~ than), we're fine;

well ; besides

J .:.Jl!.ll ~)I . .;1 w..,1 j:iJ ,L,lli J:-S! . .;1 j:i

I

e:!)~ J

140

Every father in the world

daughter, no matter how much he pretends the

I explained to

him the type of songs which are in our

90 I 24528

fUO; -

harbors a deep haYe.d for t~e. husband of his

!l')U.1 \..r' ~I ~ )1 ~

Ylr~L..... ~.l.r.: .)1.)J~ --Isn't there a

Ishul (Lev.Kuw.UAE) interrog. what

YJ.1.,l1

J l,?"l,,-ll c!' )~ ~I) ~ -

solution that saves the good man from

What is

annihilation without threatening her

your opinion regarding the politi cal situation

(woman's) happiness?

in the country?

991215871

59 136869 1

142

.T (Dia.) interj. yes, right, ah, yeah 41 .L.:. .)1 ~ Jt.; \j 'lJ ,T '1 ~ ~ t ...,r:-Jj -

148 ~ fem.n. pI. ~t (def. -.?~b hand; (Dia.) J.J; ~~1 /'iideekl your (two) hands My

husband neither said "yes" nor "no" to me, he

~~l...= -.?~i ~ t-"~ I."...... J ~ j UI \..r' J:?S

.r:J1 Jl 'l.r"J.)"'\&' cf>- j ~ '1 ~-*I­

said "if God's willing"

Many refugees put their fate in the hands of

38 1 57277 1+spo

gangs of sm ugglers to cross the Gulf of Aden to arrive in Yemen

143 ~j adj. national; nationalistic; n. pI. -uun

100 121407 1

nationalist

.;51 .r-L,ll .;1)1 j...>J1 Jl.)\l1 CL:j. .ru ~~J~)..LoJl~l,.:.>-I\..r'~­

149 ~ part. (future marker, short form of'::';

r)

will

Egypt now needs direct national action

...... I)JJI u,...) ~ ~ -:..L:...:JI ~ - The

a lot more than it needs teachers and

office of (overseas student) delegations will

accou ntants 95 122704

I

cover educational expenses 901 23562 1

22

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

150

U~ n. pI. -aat, ~~~ project, enterprise; adj. lawful, legal; .)yli

U..r-

156 .;.; (Egy.Lev.lrq.Gul.) adv. only, just; conj. however, but; (Lev.lrq.Gul.) interj. enough!

bill, draft

law

stop! (Lev.) (with imperf.) as soon as

.)0) JLiJ,~1 ~ wts:1.,.,.>1 U..r-!lL:.,. UPI (J' ~i 6..K.!J.1 -

(J..,r- (J' ~l:-ll V

bread hunger

.~

dinner

.).J-I.J - '

olives

y. ' LL

C

water

..

3797 3827 3835 3965 3994 4015 4114 4134 4146 4181 4201

~

juice

o~

fruit

u...)

recipe

Jl...4>-

vegetables

,y.:. j) ..s~ ~ .)~

r"-.? 0)')1.:...

(~~ : papa,

4300 4335

C~:.

~ .1.iS-

&. r'

chicken eggs lunch salt fruit

~lo.;

nutrition

/'-+SU

wine fruit

J.?

liver

.r.l

milk; yoghurt

3225 3354 3442 3489 3495 3696 3795

Jf'

araq

WJ

morsel

~I~

~

WJ...

~~ .......:.s.

drink wheat spoon ingredient herb, plant

grapes cup cream sweets, onions

J \.kil•

iftar; breakfast

4336 4364 4490 4518 4567 4601 4663 4794 4807 4909 4970 5366 5404 5431 5584 5633 5770 5871

;Sr-

fork

.)r:l

lemon

~~j

bottle

~

4:-

bowl, plate appetite

\Aj

apples

.J.

date

C.

~

knife

JlZ.r.

oranges

v~~

UaL

salad

..sj;.;

to have lunch

~

hummus

U

cr

~

sweets

J:i:.

flour

~

cheese

j}

almonds

oJ:'

sorghum

~Jl.

banquet

v}

food

:.,.-:.

delicious

J?

carrots

meat vinegar to have dinner

dessert

~

pope)

2665 2692 2774 2801 2856 2858 2982 3010 3082 3085

rice

candy

baba ghannouj

fat

5947 6151 6198 6217 6225 6239 6277 6279 6354 6449 6450 6452 6516 6523 6539 6625

)oj

mushrooms

~

delicious

J L> _

cucumber

I~

pizza

~

onion

~ ~ ......i-;.. J)zi

0:.L..

kibbeh meal, dish mansaf breakfast plain (coffee, tea)

6637 6638

4

sheesha

u.~

sweet potato, potato

6640 6768 6787 6802 6823 6890 6938 6953 7022

45

Jill oJ)~

~.,t.

cake pepper tomatoes mulukhiyah

Jr

broth, stock

l:--~

okra

"-,5

J.".s )oj

kabsa alcohol have breakfast

7073 7260

~}.4.0

...l>..:> .;JI ,-;-,1»-\II J~ i f L; ~ L. IJ.,.

you'll find out in the morning that the

182

i"j.;;. n. ~

Sleep well my friend and

problem is simple

u....;; ~.1 iJLJI -

99 1184381

us from the rest of the parties that talk about

.p num. fem. ~ ten; n. ulp tens,

92

Thi s is what distinguishes

peace but don't make it

I 18801 I +spo

scores, dozens; (used in the numbers

11-19)

189

J..olp ~ ..!.l;.Ir.

J

Jl,lJII.1* , J~ )1 ul~ Dozens of men

rA -::..:J J>- -

.?;;. n. pI. .'L..

Sir, Mr; lord, master, boss

~j.1t... ,~I L;I.1 .l,-ll ..;...;1 .. ~~ ~ ~L;

-:1..!1l ~I -

4 .

Ok sir.. ..you are the master

stayed up nights in a prolonged effort

and I am the slave, what else do you want me

until your innocence was proven

to do for you? (Said in ridicule)

99 118273

I

99 117543

I

26

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

190 ~L,..

n. pI. '-:"'t.:.....:.\ owner, possessor;

196 '-:"'~ n. pI.

" ..,...:5

book

originator; friend, companion; pI. ~

...... 1)J.l~ -=.. ....... l1.;J 4-,.:5 -=..J.,.:.1 .~ L..~ -

companion (esp. of the Prophet); ~L,.. n.

When he came she took her books and

-aat (female) friend, girlfriend

pretended to be studying

.:r.J.l1 ~ J..-zAl1 .j w....J.1 ,-:",\.:......:.1 r-" - -::.....:.~

religion and science? 99 117450

,i;. n. pI. ~J~ extent, limit, level; edge, corner; ~J~ border, frontier; range, scope;

I

v. I

(i) to tell, relate, report; (Lev.)

IHaka, tiHki/, (Irq.) IHicha, tiHchil to speak,

.... Wl - Communications and

talk; say; tell

coordination have been established with the

~'-?.r.: L.. ~ )"..~I

Ministries of Public Works and Health

-

96116143

I

JS J ~ 04 ~ u"s

How is he going to convince her to tell him

everything 50 that he understands what is happening?

218

J.u n. pI. JI.,,;,f goal, target; intention,

86 I 17673 I +spo

objective; (in sports) goal, point

v-:l ~J ,~I ~I C!~ Y' l;.j",\,> 01

225 ~ n. pI.

4

e:,l-8' result, outcome;

the Palestinian people, but not to the point

~ as a result of ~~!J '~.J~~I ~ ~4

of death

~b ~)l.., -

~}I ~)~ JI -

98115682

Our goal is to starve out

I

consequence;

t . . j~l;r .j\...i...:.

His recovery from the crisis did

not come as a result of medications, but thanks to (his) inner strength

219 ~~ n. pI. -aat relation, link, tie,

981 1S357

connection ~ ~L....:ci~~ .:r....Li1 ~')U-

L.. -

226

What is the

I

':';'1 n. pI. ~I"';f (Lev.lrq.Gul. ..:->I;') sister;

relation sh i p between rei igion and the

mate, counterpart (in a pair);

economy?

sisters; siblings

99115425 •

I

I.l...

,

t#

•

J

this man and how she didn't seek a divorce

Js- I~ -

from him

Thank you for

your congratulations on a happy holiday

91

99 I 15492 I +for

227

I::-:{ adj. united

221

J#I';:;>- Y' ~10\ 0~1 r~1 ~ -

d)

The United Nations Organization felt

that partitioning (Palestine) was the best solution 92 116529

t u"sJ ~ )1-1 don't

understand how your sister could live with

thank you, thanks ~I ..L,>J~ ~

I 16432 1+for

-sb n. pI. ,I) opinion, view; idea

~~;I I~!J 'Jllr. ~ J-II )-""",,,,1 Js- .!.I ~\ J?'.!.I~ 0i.!..LI J;\ c,JI ..!.1.;>.\ ~1..6.::...1 u"s ~\ ')

.:.. J')UJI ~

220 ~ n. thankfulness, thanks; I~ interj.

~Iy:.!

rebellion against a Muslim ruler, even if

center of Ru ssia, and it will never fall

he oppresses the people

98 I 15483

971153071

I

Frequency index 29

230 ~ adj. pI. ..!~ small; young; ..!lA...>J1 children, youths; (Lev.lrq.)

~j

if /mayy/

and

..!l.J.\ person, individual

January, it is necessary to accomplish a kind of

V""L>....:.1 '.:')\! -

J-o -

No, I will beli eve it 65 I 21911

progress in reality

I

.J..L,a;l>

What happened? - You won't believe it. -

peace process hasn't witnessed any tangible

84117343

~l:ll ......;,...,;, ,-,",,1 f' 1~ ~")l.J1 ~~. IS?I..",..\; ~ two hundred; ~I ~ and ~~ percent;

~

247 •.:i;.J n. unity; solitude, loneliness; pI. -aat

(Egy.lrq .) Imiyya/, (Lev.) Imiyye/,

(Gul.) Imiya, 'imya/;

~

unit, item; portion, section

(in idafa)

;.;,:. ~ ~L.,.,I oJ..>. }I

(Egy.Lev.lrq.) Imiit/, (Gul.) Imiyat, 'imyatl IJ.r"\.k; ,;,; ~1cLl1

o.JL -

w.:... 01S:.... 0" ..:..l:ll 015

.:,.s::J ..:..)l,....J:-1 J.a:-i ..:..,;15

She was the most beautiful of all the

beauties, but her isolation struck her with early

c,/.r.)'1 ~I ~ ~~I ~UI 0:0 r.J1 JJ\.>. - Hundreds of inhabitants of the 5ulaimaniyya

old age 94114958 1

area demonstrated during the last two days

,

protesting the Iranian bombing

245

,

248 ~1 n. pI. ~i nation; people, community;

991142761

~')l:.'il ~'11

the Islamic community;

.' o¥1 ~'YI the '"

Ze prep. when

~

United Nations

Lr"; ,y ~ 'j.-JI 0" ~i Jl L:J ~ ..w

~l..a,>. J ~I .J.." J..oi ~r " L:JJ\.:.. 0-;>-J ~\... 0}fi 'Y ~i.r.Al10i L:..4..!.::)10-;>-l:...!...>~ ~i 'Y J ~I ,J.." - When we tried to find out

.r":'J

the origins of this language and its characteristics,

a burrow to hide in

..,.; t.2i -

We have been transformed into

a nation of ants, searching for their food and

95 114824 1

we were surprised when we discovered that the gypsies themselves do not know the identity of the language and its origi ns

249

rf adj. important, serious; ~I the main thing, what's important

941150521

4 Clothing 669

1213

~Iy

J,,1

collar

4630

~

4763

hijab, veil

4812

to wear,

5090

put on

5189

~

to veil

ring, earring

shirt

patterned (also plan)

suit

skirt clothes jeans sleeve collar to dress to clothe headcloth, veil

suit of

7582

clothes

7611

veil

6167

0W

dress

7663

uniform,

6373

o}.la::

pants

7927

dress

6462

~

wearing hijab

shoe

6592

~l..,as.

headband

,-;,I..r 0';"""

sock jacket

.)t;. 4A.L

slipper

..:..~- )J)}>-

....'fS)}>- .us::...:, - His figure

is attractive, his words are pleasant and his soul

)or vn. into;

looking

n.

Jl at; examining, looking J

pI. )1,;1 view, look, glance;

opinio~;

-:! i)or in view of the fact that ~ j:>:- ~L.,.;. l.{ ,i l;.;1~ J~IIJ..,.

99 113635 1

I

264 ~ n./adj. young man, .:..:. young woman,

270

pI. '7-'W youths

.::.ll. student, ..:...l,dllo female

female students; pI. -uun applicant; (person)

r-r=

'7-' .,....:.... 0" J,.j. l,>- wy!i i r JJi l?) .u,.ulTonight is the first time I see English theater

93114181 1

79 116493 1+spo

~~J

,

n. mandate, term of office; pI. -aat state, ,

~

L,;.J~l5 ~'lJ

J i).J":" Y

.lA J i P

~ '1)1

pI.

283

~b

Ishayfiinl

adj. lasting, enduring; permanent,

@) always Wb a..U ~b~ ~".....; ~ ;;':.J\; 4...0} .!ll;... J~\ jJ>l5 iL;WI J."!' 0i j,; i WlllA J

-::..l5rJl .lA .:.r ~I

elL..... U.J -

~U

constant;

Many of these

companies are present in the state of California,

LS';>-\ -

and t hey have many interests in this state

accompli sh a lasting, Just, comprehensive

941141501

next generations 99 113082 1

not, might not

-L.o - What wi ll he say to her when he

province; i~1 -::..~ 'ljl the United States

278

If.

33

;f n. .J0.f

news, report; (gram .) predicate;

.J0. ~I the news; (Egy.)

J> conj. (with foil. subjunctive) in order to,

~ ",:!.!l.)~f (Irq.)

~ .!l.:;0.G What's new with you? How are

so that

.;.?JI Y\.:.. l?..I.:.&- c..A...i.>-i J-> s.... cr..J~ i ~ -

you?

~JrjJ> ~...I..o?-l.J~i

I'm doing specific exercises so that I can lose weight, around my waist for example

~i~ -

96 113792 1

Is he in good health?

Do you have any news of Ahmad?

991130161

t (Dia.) prep. (short form of ~) on;

280...s. and

i~ (Lev.) by the way; Jl>- ~ (Lev.) in any

286

c:~\j

n. date; history

~..r"l16}:; J}o.¥.k.i ~~ t..!1l~

case

k ..:J~

~I.J

J.L- ci'l -

now?

the village

99113211 1

991130121

281 ~ n. pI. A~i age (of a person); life, lifetime; (Dia.) LS';; ~ my dear, my darling ..::...;I J.>.i;.r..r '¥.!lr J}o...::.....; ~

c::.-:.5)

c::.-:.5 .. ~I.:.L;Iy:.!J - I f you had slept

your whole life on a single bed, you and your

-

That

had not ever happened in the whole hi story of

You are going home

287

:\";;'I.J~

n. pI. -aat study, research, examination

i"u:;.:.r J5~.r. 'l...l! -::..L....U:-I

-::..L..a...a>..::J1

J ...... 1.J..ill ~ -

J J.,r.4l1

Th e assignment

into the specialti es might not please everyone who submitted an app li cati on to study at the

five brothers, you wou ld have understood me

universities

991130941

991130371

34

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

288 ~,.;.o n. pI. ~I~ position

295

J..? fem.n . (rarely masc.) pI. JI.,...:.f market

?T .>I.J 0\5 dJ - ~I ~ ~.M t,S?\ ,-;-,I?\ !ll.:.A

praise God, thanks be to God; (Oia.) '&I..v-

rSlJ.1 ,-;-,.,)-1 -

.... ')l...ll&. /Hamdilla 9-s-salaama/ praise God

There are other civilian

(political) parties among the Muslim Brothers

for your safety! (said to sb returning from

and the ruling party

a trip)

.& ..LJ.I.J ~ ~ ~I

931136991

t..r'" }I -

The matter

was concluded well, praise God

290

t::.!~ n.

pI. ·aat institution, organization;

94 113315 1 +for +spo

foundation L..J.> 0.J.>lJ

4:s:J ~.Jlf .l---~ ~.>} -:...L.....'y ~

'>.J .JL,JI Jl-.:.j ~I ..!lE ~­

After that she turned to the left and entered

always able to avoid taxes

another passageway

961132241

991125901

291 ':';L,.:.1 v. IV to add sth

298

;;J.Ju, U ~.Jl:>-I» :"';L,.:.\ ~ «!ll.:.A 0)0.::;111 JlJ «t,S?i -

'-;-'~

n.

.t

.

pI. ,-:",Iy'l door, gate; category, rubriC;

section, chapter

\.,.. p.,. ,-:",UI d;.J ci>.> -

He said : "Wait for me here" and then

added: "Choose another table for us"

left the door open

891142151

99 112585 1

292 t.U:.! n. pI. ·aat sector, section; 0) t.U:.! Gaza

She entered and

299 ~ (L. ~) rel.pron. which; a fact that

Strip

J f i l ,-!L...ol Jl t,S.>\lt o)jN U""L...o ) l l f o \ -

t.Lk.il\.J i WI t.1.1.il1 ~ ;Slf- .~ Jl..l:5l:JL ~ U""~I - We are trying to make certain the

They shot a lot of bullets, which led to the

building of a partnership between the public

90 113967 1

wounding of many

and private sectors

300

901140281

~1 n.

sake; s-f.-f ::;(

~ and ~\~ because of, for .. ,...

,...

the sake of; .)1 ~ 'j in order to

293 ~ ~ n. pI. ·aa( collection, group; squad; bloc

~~ C"'>'\JdjJ, -.JU,~, JI.J.J\ -

d ) .:;)1.;

t,Sx)

He put on his glasses with the golden

~i :.r ~~\, )~ .;JI

;S.J UI

.>.wl:-~ y....;

j~.J ~I ~ J.J; . ; J:,4..!.l1 JlrJl ~I ~I - We are proud of the praiseworthy efforts which Your Majesty has been making on

frames and took out a stack of paper

behalf of our Iraqi brothers, in order to rid

981128561

them of their distress and overcome hardship 96 113027 1

294

~ v.

II to turn over, surrender sth JI to sb;

to greet, salute sb;

~ -J ~ give m; regards

•

301 .>Lil vn. unification, unifying; n. pI. -aat union

to; ~ and .JrL-: /yislamuh/ (mostly Gul.)

~~I ~)...LII MI~.J

inter}. thanks!

415 ~/i -

l..~ ,0" A i~

(J' ~ y. .,..

J.:L.II..Lo.

been present since the year 1918 when the first

J.::.W ~rJl JJ..u1 ...... ~

world epidemic happened among humans

We announce our satisfaction with

96112522

I

the esteemed efforts of the Secretary General

309 Ic-::\ conj. while, meanwhile; ~ Ic-::\ later

of the Arab League to accomplish national

.).:ll ,i)..,:il ;,;.,...ul Jl 0..4:). L) J~ .) l5 IdJ

harmony in Iraq 88 113875

~

I

.:.r. .)~ J ..l"J}1 .:.r. ..ul> .."..,~ -

While

Amr was on his way to Medina, he met his two

303 4.;.~.i.; n. pI. ...,...../)'; school

friends Khalid Ibn_AJ-Walid ?Qd Uthman Ibn

~ ....... l> 01..:5 lA ....... l> ~y~

....... J-u

J5-

Talha

Every private secon dary school has its own

89 113495

I

special tie 99112353

I

310

.:Jl> ad}. present, current; Ql>- presently, currently

304

~

ad}. beautiful, nice;

.1_~1 .).fjJ1 fine

\.)l>-

&. .)~)~I L) .:r.~lpl ~lrJl ~~.)1

.......ili 4.lp 4)..,......

arts

i\ 415 ~W ii ~¥I L:....,.; (J' ~ t.W ~I~\.; \...;Si

-

J>

Have some of our beautiful

values gotten lost? Or have they all gotten lost,

L)J

Jl r

.......ili 4.l~ -

The

number of Iraqis present in Jordan currently reaches 700,000 Iraqis, and in Syria 600,000 96112597

I

or the most influential of them? 99112198

311 ~ n. rule, government; pI.

I

U n. pI. c:yl type, kind, form; l.. ..~Y.... somewhat, more or less

.."..,l:---II 4.l J ..u1 ~

.,.(

305

its::;.i

decision, verdict;

.)J.:J Jj J,LilI

(J'

I-,!~ ~Y .)U.~I i..G.;.....1 -

its::;.i

judgment,

statutes, laws; ~

by vi rtue of, because of

.L:.:i JlrJl J

l"J1 '-:-' f- Iy-~\ -

.:r...ul J~)

Religious leaders in Iraq

The Germans used a new kind of bomb over

during the rule of the Abbassid state permitted

London

the drinking of wine

98112318

306 ~

If.

I

98 112301

I (u) to appear,

emer~e, rise; to go out,

312 ~w.l

If.

I

IV to indicate, mention, cite, refer to

come out, get out; (Dia.) ~ (a) to appear,

J1 sth

seem; to turn out, end up, amount to

...:.....;... ~lrJI ~~f l l -:..1~l:AJ1 .)\

.i.:..~ ~I J...-.l1 -

F

~ JL.a;)l1

J J:lli ~)L..,..

Jl ~.r;J i~1 (J' Cl...lii i~ ~J l..~

He began to spend the night calling until

dawn, then he would take a shower, sip several

~I -:..)ll)l1 -

J1 ~ '.;)lA....lJ

For the sake of

comparison, we point out that the Iraqi Kurdish leadership forbade popular celebrations 90113362

I

cups of coffee, and head for work 96

I 12562 I +spo

313 ~ n. pI. -aat side; direction; part, party; sector, office, institution; -:..~ entities,

307 ~~ n. pI. -:..1..J;. service, assistance; -:..1..J;.

parties, individuals, "players"

F .)\ ,=h,.·~1 JJl>- ~ (J'J

services, assistance, aid; ~~ (Magh.) work,

.~ r l ..r..jJ

employment; job, task

....... L;l..1 ...,...)..wl ~I t.WJ~1 ~ .)li}o..ul>

.... ..IJ.I ~y.

-

-

Jl J-~ (J' ;Sl J..a.::..- .... ~l.OJl i4~I J

In the coming days more than one worker

will reach the end of his service 98112380

I

For his part, Surani tried to inform the

Minister of Education, Dr Khalid Tuqan about the terrible conditions in private schools 991121241

36 A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

5 Transportation ~)o

road

487

?r .Jt;... '-:"'4 UL.!. ....uJ

center; station

to stop

504

O:.y

return (trip)

115 223 251 298 467

510 528 536 541

1674

depart

street

traffic transportation

arrival

872

departure, exit

to go, walk

C.J.~ 4.>L..

field, arena

....uy

to stop, halt

~

2379 2395 2408 2435 2447

3640

driver

3651 3652 3663

2516

to cover

box; trunk ~I

to depart,

~

cargo;

bus

shipment

3675

exit, way out to obstruct c,S..l.I>

to lead, guide

.),,.....

ambulance

JlA.....!

(.),.... : car)

JAj

tunnel;

.J\.:.. ).1 Jlkj

train

- I"

door, gate

~y.

..,.sIJ

to fly

rider,

3694 3846 3873 3889 3991

car (also ascent; to pass by port, harbor

-JJ

JI':;'" ";";,;5

driver corniche

fl.y:.

chauffeur

~ ~.,

. J' ..........

journey

6798 6858

march, walk errand

6871 6929 6944 7023 7046 7146

bicycle stop to park (also

steamship intersection,

::......

-:: .... ,

;15 as

if I;

..r.J>"

.).i )ai ~

'-?fi. ~rY

to take a walk to walk, stroll train road, way bridge, overpass automobile

~!,...

318 .:;lS' and ,jlS'J conj. as if; (with pron.) -.jlS' and

i WI 1..Lo. L,l.~ ~L:;I c!. y.,.. ~y,JJ ~J...ul ~I '\ \" J,l4..o J..:;r.L 00,1" ~ J~ ~I i f -

.... ')LJI

e ~I -

4 0:- jJ~

r-'"

We

but we failed

(Lev.)

~4.r"-4

lr.I.r'" J! -:..:.J I .t,..j .:;1 L:J J l> -

tried to get the girl to come to her senses,

991117721

320 J';; n. pI. JI)\ statement, remark; saying, utterance

Yes, (what do you want)

brother? Whom do you want sir? There is

4J.,5 d .I~I JI;i ~ '-?.r-11 ..r.ydl,;5~

nobody here .... go ahead, good bye ("brother"

C')LlJ JJ \II lJ, )',::.>4

and "sir" are used here for ridi cu le)

,-?J~I -

62

I 19037

iL,.W .M.:..,..; ..li ()~I

The confidential report mentions

some statements from experts that North

1

Korea might be preparing its first test of

316

J} adj. pI. JI..,} long; tall; ~} for a long

nuclear weapons

ti me; extensively

971 120361

..,.,.a.J l,.W r"W J 1.,5;..; ')\.;.,1 ~):JI Jlj; 'Y ..;.,I.f--> \ • JJr J,i li'Yl - There

321

.1;; n. woman, wife; (without def. article)

is a long road ahead, and Turkey will not actually

.\;1: (Lev.lrq.;

join the European Union for another ten years

wife; (in idafa) ..;.,Ir Imiraatl (Egy.), (Lev.lrq.)

991119141

•r

Egy. derog').r Imaral woman,

Imart/; (with pron.) ..:.;I

book, we can say that there is nothing new

on the basis of elections characte ri zed by

in it in terms of facts and very well-known

freedom and transparency must be a basis for

i-W> ..:.>:J

~I} r:...LI1 -

The peaceful transfer of power

events in the Arab region, but it shoc ked

democratic government

the Israe li s

9S 1119781

99111773

323

.

328 ~ n. pI. ...:..~ power, rule, authority;

I

«

F. v. I (a) to make sb/sth do sth

329 I~ v. I (u) to appear, seem (J to sb, 01 that); to look, seem (big, small, happy, sad, etc.);

(with imperf); to cause sb/sth to be sth;

)~ \. .

to appoint sb (minister, etc.); to begin to do

it seems

JS. and )~ Ij evidently, apparently,

t

sth (with imperf.)

0\11l::-!. ~ J..,U yi 6....,.;,1) I~ - I t seemed

..;ht 0i 0\11 ~ l::-!. )i ~) ~ 0i .)Oi ')

clear that she no longer feared anything now

.!..l,.;) )i ~) -

981 11S47 1

I don't think there is a man

or a thing that can make me tremble or be

330 ;; ' ~ num. fem . ~ five;

confused now 90112881

) ~~ 1f',)1 J~)

I

~I ~ -

324 (j con). when, after

) UI J.J"'-~..!.L!.) ~ ~! J

?

If' ~ ..!.o~l,ll

~ fifteen

J ~I...\J J

Five security men were

wounded in the incident, some of whom have

J:i ~ JL l i -

left the hospital

When he asked about them, he was told that

991114061

they are about to enter hell 331

991115981

Z$~~1 ad}.

economic, economical;

(Lev.) thrifty

325

JL v. I (a) to ask sb (,y/J about; 1~!I0!

lV,' ~)..l>J~~L.,a;:.;II~~0i-4j~­

whether); to request from sb (0i to do sth);

We want to accompli sh economic growth in the

to pray to (God)

range of 7.1 %

JL ,~)) ~; '-?~ I~ (.))1 J>~

88 112838 1

~-4; 0) ,-?i) cr'\A... ,-?i :tlUI - The husband entered a store to buy a dress for his wife,

332 ~ n. pI. ..!.ol>.;i , ..!.or. search (,y for);

(J of); research , examination

so the seller asked him: What size and co lor

discussion

do you want?

(J of)

95 112075 1

~ I~ '->-foL

j'1 ~11l". i}i 0i ~-

I need to read this research because I will

326 J.~ v. I (i) to" li~e, be alive; to experience sth

explain it tomorrow to the students

ilh:JI ~ If' ~ ~~) ~ If' ;Si I""';'~ cY.U1 -

991113741

They lived more than t hirty-five years

under the repression of the former regime

333

991114751

.:r.~ n. pI. 0~;t religion i...l.:-- ')).:r.~ '1) Ji>- ~ ') .~.r.')1 J:iNeither mind, nor religion, nor principle can

327

'»I} n.

accept the killing of inn ocent people

pI. -uun citizen; fellow citizen,

compatriot '7'

991113461

rJl .t".. ~ Jy.d-I cf:-: ') .)o1}1 ~i

...:..1),,.-11

~;) ~

')) - Citizens are no longer

334

F

v. I (i) to carry, bear sth; to transport

ab le to obtain drinking water or car fuel

(cargo); to become pregnant (~l» ; to attack

97 111765 1

~

sth, campaign ~ against

Frequency index 39 ..L.....

~

y

r--I

-SoUl UL.:JI j 1..;:-:5

Id J.# j

L::>:.. ~

341

pi II. VIII to consider sth/sb to be; to regard . " -'

sb/sth as; to believe .:,,1 that

He opened a big office on

-

~ p\ I..;\J i~~ ul.,:-J ~II.i.o. ...:....h...:.

the street that bore the name of Saad Zaghloul later on

j,~ ~)JI ~ ~.P.-"\ "";.r-'J u. il"...l;

971 11514 1

i\)L -

She occupied thi s position for many

years, and I consider myself a student of hers 335 ~? ad). pI. -uun military, army; n. soldier,

and I will take the same road to bettering

private

women's (lives)

~ ...,..;~ J!~..J.,o ~i.J; J 0'...JL,.k.II 0-' ~

98111281

':"I~I

. J! I}\.; il.?JIl.;.uL:... Ilr:

Gandhi does not have an army, but he has

':'4:; n.

I 11536 I +Iit +for

to bring '-:-' sth

337 ~ n. pI. ..;;;" army; armed forces; troops

338

He loves

her and misses her a lot during the day

hope for this end, and I await it impatiently

96 I 11497

v. IV to love, like sb; to want, like sth or

)4.01 JI}o i~ t...~J ~ ...:! -

~I U~ t... j;.:.;\J ':4.0 1o.i.o. .;1\ rS - How I

JoLS ~

~1

to do sth

336 ~ interrog. how many/much; (Egy.) iLS

99111171

I

Many pilots have civilian

if

II.

I (u) to exit, go out ,y-10-' from; to

leave 0-' (a place); to deviate ,y- from;

I

(Alg.) to appear, show up, be visible lo~ i~y ':"J~ IF."; ~ L,?~I ,-:,-",oUIIJ) lo..:.....l

339 ;S'J\..!.! n. pI. -aat participation, association cj)...ltJ UiJ-1 .)y.-: J~-

while he remained immersed in his thoughts

He will be beside him even if the whole world

99 110724

stands agai nst him 89 112137

I

359

I

2.:; v. I (a) to put, place sth J/~/J inside/on/under; to lay down (rules, conditions);

353 L5? v. I (i) to occur, take place; to happen

to lay (an egg); to give birth to (a child); to

J to sb; to flow, run (liquid); to run (person)

write, compile, draft, compose sth

n. ~l> especially, particularly; t,;,lJ-1

"""l» cr'lJl~) , I~ IfL.:. 0y5i) ~L ;11 ..:,..l.:"A (,,)-'>-! J t:r:J1 J .",...l:J:.1 ~IJ~ -

99110560 1

pI. ~ 'Yji, (Egy.) ~ 'Y) child, son, boy

368 ~~l adj. social; ~~ '11 tiL:l1 personal status

if~1 0\...i rj>' ~

This matter made me think, after my

..:,..lz:.L '-.?~lA.:J -

pi oJ~l:-o JI ~

.....

chi ldren finish their university studies, of

J."..JI

vo lunteering in one of the aid organizations

to the government's initiative to carry out social security packages to avoid the negatives

99110683 1

363 ~~ n. pI. .\...~ blood; (Dia.)

of the market

f:;

941110951

..:,.. ,}j:; ~ ~ .:r tr.ul ..:,...ri l 0i ~ \... J LJ.1 J..y ,0l:....;l.;.Ji) ,JI,rJI),~ J .\....ul ~?

-

We are looking forward

369

It was not long before tears began to

~~

n. pI.


.1 discussion, conversation,

talk; story, interview; Hadith (narratives based

flow from her eyes when she remembered the

on the words and deeds of the Prophet

blood in Palestine, Iraq, and Afghanistan, wasted

Muhammad)

unjustly in war

~

99110621 1

This discussion needs to take place on more

~ adj. true, correct; sound, healthy;

971106671

.:r ;Si ~ ..!..;..l:I-1 11.. '-.?,;f: 0i ~ -

than one level

364

authentic (Hadith): '-.?J~I ~ Sahih AI-Bukhari (Hadith collection); interj. yes,

370

4,.;,l:-::- n. politics;

~ really, truly J ili:...!J.10}! ~ t..L;.ulo)j) rli) ~l5 0!

J.r--.u~ 0",...;: 'Y

-!.ll~ Jl,."".;.i o~ 0~ 0i ~ J-:.:!:-I-Ifthe

-

right;

1"...."J.l::.i::....'YI

pI. -aat policy

J ~JL:.lL 0y;S-.T. 'Y 0 ~ -

~IS

adj. complete, full; integral, perfect;

J~~J ;J..IS '-:~ ~ rWI .,.....Il1

99 110266 1

'--"z.,aJ1 .j~1

384

~l50~ completely

armed groups

378

.)i ~ el.,1l J ~ ~ ).p~ J.ily J--

~ '-.l!...l.1 \..!...

.r.~1 ~ ..r-;?J u-~ ~ yJ- -'::--ll t: I)

...;;

marriage baby engaged father-in-law little son

Frequency index 45

6429 6430 6515 6636 6645 6656

398

S.1j

(..1! :J.1

~~

6659 6665

to marry off married

l:-! 4;L...ia>

boy, son

.;U.

to divorce

~.}

daughter

~.,.:.I

brotherly

n. pI.

.li~f friend

child custody,

.

jy:-

.,.-

nursery, daycare

6764 6766 6812

!"':!

mom

Yo

father

~y

to marry off brother-in-law, son-in-law

7342

u..u..

aunt

twin

403 ~ adj. possible

.:.r o .JL.... .1 4lli..l..PI .y ~..l!l4 ..Jl.4.. -.,...;LS:JI I~ ~ '-7-:!.;:J1

6963 6996

dad

•...l>..:l.1 ..:...l; ~}I ..:........,.a; .:,1 ~I .:.r .:,15 J.a"tr"}11..L..y ~~~I -;.Was it possible for

.J I~ r-rl Jli ,:r..lJ1 '-:-'rJl

~/\jI.1 ;""JL.)'I ~rJl ..:...~I - The

the United States of America to stay silent

author begins his article by talking about his

about this su bj ect?

Arab friends and acquai ntances who he said

98197841

have succeeded in bringing together Americans 404 ~:; n. support, assistance, bolstering,

and Arab-Islamic soc ieties 99 I 9751

I

promotion

..,...,.!.1 ~IA ~ J~.:,I r...ull..L. ~ ~I

399 .J ~.1~ n. pI. -aat dollar LS.,>-I./ ~I ..:...lA.:...:lI .Jl.......1

c!.J -

~

".".Ir

JIl;.J~l.i 'V~.1~ yo JI J:.o~I.r- j-..:>.1

-

Couldn 't this suppo rt end up

benefiting Iran and not Iraq?

The

93 110286

I

price of oi l reached seventy-five dollars, so we were forced to raise the prices of oi l derivatives

40S ~! I'eel (Egy.) interrog. what; n. ~)'l/il-'eel the

once again 94110209

th i ng; so-and-so

I

a..d:-Il?j • ..l5" l?~

400

.~

vn. building, constructing, erecting; j&- a~ based

-

.p. ~l>- ~ 41.1 .~ J~I ,:!I

What is all this beauty, by God I've never

heard anything like this sentence before

n. 'building, structure, edifice;

90110586

I

on, according to

~UI

.l:.:-! J.>..Y' ':'yli .J.1..l..P..l:..P J.a-

~ ~t.:.s::JI.1 -

406 ,:r..1 Iweenl (Lev.lrq.Gul.)

Would you support a unified law

for building mosques and churches? 9719894

where; (with pron .) ~.1 Iween-ak/ where

I

have you been?

.~ ,:r..1

401 ~). n. method, procedure, way

~).JI •.lr. ~..l..P

.:.r .»I}l.i ,~ ~Ij ,:r.r.J1 .!.lI J h.

l?.P -""';I.1)Il:J I""';) ~,,~ -

c: J-l..;j .:,1 ~L,.lJ1 .:.r ..,...,.! -

is the regular guy going to get it from? OK, so

friend in that manner

rai se our salaries for us a bit

99197271

65 114746

~1 elat.

fem . v;. higher/highest; adj.

advanced, superior; ;~I above (mentioned), aforementioned

.:,1 ,:r....ul .u;. t.lk...I.1 ;51 j&-'11 Jl':'l:-o~ W~ )y-ll J} ~4J1 j

u-4: -

Dumyan pushed

He's

telling you that gas has gone up on you, where

It is not approp ri ate for you to deal with my

402

interrog. where; ,:r.}

(Lev. !la-ween/, Irq . !li-ween/) to what place, to

407

I

.J.:i..;..A n. pI. .J~~ source .T-~ .:,1 W..b... .J~L.a,..:.r ':'L:.:JI ~

r---

i WI ~Lr .J.,..1J.JI.1 ....A...:..:51 ~ ~""""".1 - Her parents discovered the symptoms of the illness as a result of the

up and graduated from the university, he

blueness of her sk~n .and he~ ~ifficulty breathing

dreamed that he wou ld get a job and marry

99184901

and have a small girl

453

96 18769 1

.:!.,l;.; II.

V to speak

e/J1 to/with sb; to

discuss ,y (a topic) ./.

446 Jil

lowest; n. minimum p!. J5 'r L,;"A:t \? ~.:"I '-4) Ji~1

447

.:" • ..!>..:;, : • .• _';; '. -.~ .1 Y . v •."......... v:;---

elat. less/least, smaller/smallest, lower/

. ~ - J.1j!. ~ ~ - They

J.--

bring them men of religion and psychology

At least I want him to contact me by te lephone

experts to speak with them so that their fear of

once a day

facing death will dissipate

9918481 1

95 I 8852

Y

II.

I (i) to be less

V

than), decrease, diminish

454

\ • ,y J-"!. )I ~ ....wI ~ ,y o~ -=...;\5 ~I '-!.r. Jl,,-ol - The ship was far from this area,

I

r-"1 elat. more/most important ~ tWI .;:..

t

".

or.r:-') ...\..bl..!.\1 if!.>-..;.....i;Ji 0i dl~ ~ JJL:.-i t

.:.,5i ~IJJI J

I~i dl~ ~

At the beginning I

)fo. J

-?.ill )0.:11 dl~ -

I didn't

wasn't enthusiastic about the idea of the

try after that to turn behind me to see for the

comm uniqu e, but after that I found it to be

last time that sce ne which will never again be

-

472

The

to hurt him

I got up, did my

abl utions, and prayed 9718403

..;...~\S ~)J.l .~ ~I ..;...a.:J1 -

excellent

repeated

99 I 8227

98 I 8267

!l j

I

v. I (u) to leave (behind), quit, abandon sth

o)Jl:.l1 ......,}

475

J:.-o J) !l;.; 'J ...:...;15 0\511 ~ -

~

•

'P .

I

t.~! n. pI. -aat

meeting, gathering;

~

l~ ~I sociology

J ~I '-.!.iL. .:...l

The nature of the place did not leave Romell

M'J ~'JI ~I";"'~p'-I

the opportunity to maneuver

01.->- J ..;....ili .)1 '-:-'rJl

98 I 829S

was discussed in the meetings of the Higher

I

•.bl,-.all -

The issue

Council of the Arab Pharmacists Union which 473 ~J:;

n. pI. -aat degree, grade, level;

was held in Amman 92 I 8843

class, rank

I

7 Materials 558 J)J .la.t.; 948 1363 ~ 1720 ~..I>1745 .::......j 1904 '-"~ 1946 ...,...L,...) 2095 Jo) 2264 JJ~ 2323 ~

paper; leaves petroleum stone iron oil gold

.l.,,>-

sand petroleum steel (also string, thread

~ L:.-' C·)

glass

~

wood; board

~~..I>~.y

.T'.J>":" ~

~

JL..

liquid

:;L..

watery, liquid

~L...)

rope, cord

iron (adj) stick gem, jewel fabric, textile clay; mud

ashes, cinders

"":'1)

fabric, cloth

~...u...

metallic

y

sample, specimen

lead

hard)

2755 3039 3050 3086 3138 3206 3210 3242 3265

3269 3358 3471 3508 3512 3556 3658 3780 3815 3994 4165 4295 4532 4622 4709 4769 4785 4883 4904

~L,:.

.J..,.L,:.

:r.-> 4J"~

---:.>~y

raw; crude mixture, blend wooden

4:-~

6901 6902 7235 7286 7422

.:r.l

JJr

..:....:-.1 ..!.ll... (._ to

If

l-;

4k~ .:.Jj

~.i..

~

wood mixture cotton

.la.\.,:.

mixture, blend

0...u...

metal

.J!.?

silk

~

coal silver oil-based

plastic fuel cement wire, thread porcelain copper floor tile asphalt gilded, golden asphalted, paved

grease, fat

Jd

ZJJ~

5283 5359 5494 5644 5652 5837 6043 6401 6408 6847

adobe bricks

1fL..

diamonds

.la.\.,:.

to mix, blend

~

j\o:-

brass, copper gasoline, kerosene

7574 7785

jJJ! ).f.!

turquoise crystal, glass

52

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

,

,

476

~} ad}. near, close; related; pI. (lev.) ,-;-,I}

483

~) recently; soon; n. pI. ~I)

related;

but (also)

c?.rJ.l yA ~!J •c)l ~ c.r::l rlll 01J t;

relative, near relation

..:... ~...;i 0"y')1 ~i,)'.k.4.; -

...wll."...u .~ ~ y... )..1.:......1,) ........i) ~I j'"

...,...,.,.~""lA!.lI.1.L.../YIJJ~~.~ JI..l.:l1 ~I (J" ~ ~ • His poetry is controversial in cultural circles particularly after

0')-4.7lylS ) ..:..~I •.l.o. J!. Jl c\.::,..; 'i JI..rJ1 w..a... - We do not need such

r

.r -

operations if they indeed desire the good of

two collections of modernist poetry were

Iraq

published

97 1 82 27 1

99

478

1

8164

1

48S ..,.L...l n. pI.

;1S v. I (u) to look J! at; to examine, look J J.>.i c: . :.",;.". : :; 'i,) ..!..l,.;b:. ~ 'i -


~ especially, particularly

99 1 7924

I

488 ~ adj. good; i~ adll. well

~i ..;)1 ~ )1

90 I 8703

92 I 8371

490

':'1.>

'-!..lA i ..l.Oi ~ -

I wanted

I +spo

.)4~

vn. visiting; n. pI. -aat visit ,y I~ ~ ~~...l.,o 0).,) ~~ t.~ ~I ~ -

496 ~ jj n. pI. -aat wife

~ )j iL.i ......;;) ,~ J! i..4.JI

I went to visit a friend

~I

who lives in a house far from the clamor

J-"))

..:...lkl-

.:r w~T J! )l:..:: ~~ ,~~ J-"'..r.

of soc iety

0~1 -

97180461

at his house. He stood if] frol)t.of his wife

In a few moments the mayor arrived

shaking with anger. He"was on the verge of

491

ci') adj. fantastic, amazing, marvelous,

breaking apart into thousands of tiny pieces

magnificent, awesome

98 \7840

~I

4:.>:J .. WI) ~ 0..1.>1) '-:--'"" ~ ~ J . . . . . . ~ - I experienced a

lS""1l1 ~I

497

¥

I

n. execution, implementation, carrying

single, wonde rful true love story...but it ended,

out

unfortunately, last summer

La.l,..i:.;

97 I 8028 I +for

~~

J....: 0\5 )r)ll .:r I p cJll:""I}1 .:r J .!..L.:. .:r L. ,~ ~ - It is clear

that many things could have been carried out in a different manner, there is no doubt

492 .I?'! vn. conducting, carrying out, undertaking;

n.

about that

pI. -aat procedure, process;

88 I 867S

step, measure; move, action

I

..:...~l>.;:.;~1 • IT."'j j.-LSJI ...... ~ Cl:.:-o) ~i ~~I ~I

.:r ~')t!JI J ..,.1.rJI -

Armitage

498 0;J n. pI. 01)f color, tint, hue; type, sort,

announced his comp lete support for holding

kind

the Iraqi elections on the thirtieth of the current month

.:.,;;~i .1)) .....A.l;!..1 J ! J:lli 0} J L,?1I1 La. ~ e:t~1 ~~ .kl}~ ~jA - Her hair, which had the

8S 190841

color of the night, was pushed to the back

JL...:J! n. pI. -aat contact, communication;

earrings

connection, relation, relationship

99 176681

behind her ears which were decorated with gold

493

..:...~) I~! ci) t.Si J If. JL.".;~I ~ t.S 1 ,y ) LA.:.... ~I - You can get in touch

.-i

499

with me at any time if you want to consult

I'""'~

adj. pI. ';I.J, .L.:J old, ancient; ';I.J n .

old timers, veterans

about anything

~ ~ ,~...IA.II .... t.; t.S~..r. i~ -

97 I 7989

to put on hi s old clothes, piece by piece

I

He began

99176691

494 l:i~ n. world

~ t.S 1 J!-o ~r.-) 41jA -1 ~ fJ u.l5 ~~ u r

~)..l.:.ll; ~

-4~

He worked in education in a

- A full minute passed and no one

number of American universities in New York

opened the door, so I pressed the bell again

and Boston

9917S241

971 77S8 1

511 ."-".. pl.n. women (sg .•f;~)

r+'r .L.;J J~) i f ~ ~ u4~ ~uJ';

504 .~,;P n. return, going back; return trip ":;~y ~.~ l....J~ ~ ~I ~)I':>l5

~IJ -

.J.ri- The poor man didn't know what was

about men and women she knew and loved

awaiting him when he got back to the house

9S 1 7826 1

She told me never-ending stories

94179921

512 505

J~ (def. J~) adj. high, elevated

;L.\.:>IJ -

E:? v. I (a) to open sth; to open, start (a business); to turn on (lights, radio, TV);

:'I LS~ 4 J-il

to conquer (city, land)

~~.J'...J ~I jt.p,. r.-~

I hope, grandfatheG to get a higher scientific

..I..S

)pJ..l1 ~

degree, and to travel

J! .G:-) -

f.?-I ~~ Y') ~I

The soldi er crouched on his right

My uncle

knee and aimed his weapon at me

Yunan came out of an inner room and locked

97176841

the door behind him, and came to the open area in a silk shirt

•

515

-:!

•

99 I 7466

~ vn. knowing; .)1 ~ knowing that, in view

of the fact that; pl.n.

n.

knowledge, information;

i);. (Gul.) news; ...!..\..}SO ,f!.) Iweesh

I

521 .. ~ k! n. pI. -aat organization

-j I~ .)l5

cluumakl what's new? (what news do you

f..r-:JI WO:..I. ~J"..i.:-::.ll ~I

have?)

-::....;l5 b! ~

U:4 I~ll - Why are

you interested in him if your relationship ended? 99 17390

I

526 ~; adj. strange; n. pI. .~j stranger, foreigner 519 ~li n. pI. -aat culture, civilization

j&-\~';'.:iT'" I~ .. Jt...A.;~I.1}.:r ~')l5

-j ~.I.}.4;.l1 \A..,.:.)) ~ '7'\.:SJ1 i...lA: 0.,s01 e~U - The book presents a piece of

.;>-1 ~.:r)...I...-r ...::.......II ~

~'pi ~I i\...1 ..:..5~J }j" J-" ~I ~ rJ-l1

ti ,y ~I .:,'1 -

~.,.....,)I Jf d'J'JI,y ~ o.r"j -

A butcher was arrested

Mrs

and convicted before the military court because

Mariam walks on the street with confidence,

he refused to sell meat

while Zahra does not raise her eyes from the

95 I 743S 1

unpaved ground 9617250

541 .:;IJ n. leadership, command; driving

•~

(a vehicle), piloting (an aircraft); ..:...I~IJ

547 J-PI

J-f LS~ yo

~ jJ:-1 ~ j.-L...::l1

J

n.

I , l

pI. J.,.....,I source, origin; descent,

lineage; original, master copy;

leaders, commanders

~I o~L,i

.......... II..!.;~ loUL; 01 JL;

..!.;...I..!. oUL;

r

J .:r-l!ll -

')\.;,1 originally,

primarily; J.,..;,1 principles, basic rules; funds, assets, capital

He

J...:>\ .:r- o1r l J) ~j.,sJL.. ~ pi - Sa~kozy appointed the first

said that a new leader, named Montgomery,

.) 0.r.j) \,if

would take over the leadership of the eighth

~.rill (..

Army, and he is a strong leader in dealing with

women of Arab origin to be a minister in the

soldiers

French government

87180471

99 I 7020 1

542 t.t;~

n.

57

defense (military, legal, sports);

548

~

n. pI.

i

P science, the study of; ~I ~

psychology

protection

~?,y

t.u..ul J-" ~rl i f ..::..lijJJ,);-i

J~I -

Roosevelt announced America's

~~I .) ..,...l,,-ll

i.,LJ.l

~IJ~ .L:.;I U.rU -

They got to know each other while studying

intention to defend the freedom of the seas

political science at the university

9617233 1

99170141

543 ~ n. pI. ~ way, road; means

\...~.~...l..all ~ J-" l:"..:. ~ ~ \...\1~) J~l>:. 0~1..!.J~ -

...,..,)101

The Lord

549

.::s;;1 adj. safety, security, protection L .;-0\ JLQ;I cJ fo. ~L.\aj l:..>..,.... 01 J;\ 01 ..l.;) 0;:iI.ro-l1 ~

..:...I.,:..... -

I want to say that Syria

does not make anything by way of chance ...

has been calling for the signing of a sec urity

whatever happens now is just and perfectly

agreement with the Iraqis for years

logical

87 I 79671

97171S31

550 J;'" n. pI. J jI.;; house, residence 544

..,e"

.}! (Dia.) pron. you (fem.sg.); (Tun.)

and

!,)'J

~ ...... \.,.. ~I

~~Ilr. ~r

Jl4 ...... \.,.. !,)I ..ill) ~ ii .

il.JJ

5175 5264 5305 5411

birthday moment

)..,1

stage, phase

....... IJ" '1';""1

adolescence intermission

Relative Time

125

.:JI

vPL.. • 1 ..r

i

Jli

~ ~

past yesterday next, coming future

minute

~L.

hour, o'clock

26 393 7226 158 1856

i.J!

day

tJ:-"1

week

l;1c--

week

k

month

J....U

season (also

next, coming tomorrow

section,

i'' ':"

current

class)

.r"'l>-

present

~

Jl.A

now

..J"I)

current

J>-'l

later, next

.~

yT .r"L.....

tomorrow coming, next contemporary

!l1.liT

at that time

~I

now

~

eve, night before

3017 3794

second

time; (.:J'YI: now)

203 237 500 539 598 775 1088 1094 1703 1776 1783 1810 2245 2370 2480 2849 2850

~~ ~J

.)~

'.$~

yesterday contemporary

978 62 69 2253 1103 366 4305 892 883 880 3631 584 5140

r-'Y'

iU,

season year

4:...-

year

...\..U>

decade generation

J,>:u:'-J"

)..,1

stage stage

¥

age

.:J}

century

~

~

age era

..l...i

eternity

~

eternity

Frequency index

Parts of the day (from morning

Months (ranking is from list of

to night)

names and abbreviations)

Islamic calendar

pi

dawn

6588

T"-'" ~

dawn

Eastern Calendar (Lev.lr.)

335

early

196

.:.>",IS

1006

morning

306

.l.1.:-!-

morning

120

;I~I

1250 December,

morning 1967

~

449

~)

Rajab

437

.:.>~

Sha'ban

60

.:.>LA..)

March

258

.:.>l...:i

April

1377

4898

~

forenoon

278

)~1

May

714

1425

~

noon

226

':'>1.r.?

June

Dhul Hijjah

.-

174

j;t

July

Libyan calendar·'

-...1

August

(since 1994)

J~\

September

214

.r-s-

191

3416

~.J.J-

sunset

4816

~J...

sunset

4644 642 392 518

.~

evening

. L...

evening

1521

-,?i

Ai (January)

October,

987

)l;

Nar (January)

November

335

C:?)

Rabi' (March)

~ .lo

Tair (April)

Western Calendar

900 1053

(Egy. and some Magh.)

1372

~

Saif (June)

:.r...?

J:l

night

1S8

.r.~

January

61

..r"'l;

4l:l

night

167

.r.1~

February

374

~li

116

..,..)lo

143

J)

April

134

Days of the week (in order)

~\ • "1 ~

March

Maa (May) Nasir (July) Fatih (September)

Seasons

137

y.lo .J:'y.

May

Sunday

June

1121

~

Monday

907

':'>I~

June

1722

.l:..:.

winter

July

1943

C:?J

spring

August

3034

~?

1504

. U')C

Tuesday

136

~y.

1291

.~)

Wednesday

175

~\

1115

~

Thursday

955

4...1:-

Friday

83 124

1148

..::..:--

Saturday

144

~

162

.r.p\

October

~'"

November

..r---;'

.:.>811 lr. L:J..i i~ ..:.~ dL..J

J

563 J~l vn. occupation (of land or property); ('+'

filling (a post, a position)

J-a.' r

JlrJl

~ - I t is an important class

J JJ\;>.I . } !.Il;.... 01 J.,z 0i ..;k:J.I 0-'

because it offers the researcher the basic

~J..,....JI .;.;L;)\...]I ~ ~;

principles which he will follow in his

'-:,ilrJl -

'1 J 4J..,....J ~~l....o It is logical for us to say that

dissertation

there is an anti-Syrian occupation force in

9s172161

Iraq and it doesn't want to improve Iraqi-Syrian relations

558 J;J coll.n. paper; leaves; cards;

8S 17979 1

ti;j un.n. pI.

JIJ..i1 sheet of paper; leaf; playing card

J.-- 0~ ~

.. ..:J.; L..

p i ~) -

JS JJ)I J.-- ~J ~I

564

A

adj. fem .

,~, pI. ~ white; ~I

n.lad}. whites, Caucasians

He leaned over and recorded on

Lih..... t,SJ.j.J'...J ~i . '';';~J~I J ~I 0\5 ~ )1~ ~ .).1;.;) ~i - The doctor was

the paper everything I said .. then he appeared to be thinking

in his 40s ... bald, wearing a white coat, and

99169161

medical glasses with a silver frame 99168241

559 ~IJ n. father; fem .• :idl) mother; 01~1)1 parents 0\5 I~I 0~ L.. jSl 0~ ~I ~ ,j:>.J..:.II

J .....,L,:.) .;...JI -

565 ~ n. pI. ~ts::; office, bureau, department

U;:->...\..o ~)\S JI .:r.J.JI)1 J..>.I

e-"

Smoking among students is at its

L..~

Jl.!. i Yo ~ ~

~WI jLp,. .;.;r-" .~ -

highest when one of the parents or both

.J~W ~ 0\5

He was preparing to

leave his office after a difficult day when he

of them are smokers, and particularly in the

suddenly heard the sound of the fax machine

home

9816924 1

99 16914 1

566 560 ~ n. pI. -aat association, society

place; (Internet) forum

~ ~J ~ ,:r.5)..!..1.1 .....~ Jll,)L.. ~I ........ l:!:-I

:,£:..! n. pI. .;.;4J3 assembly room, gathering

J ;. ,. oJ•.i1 .L;...c..."i -=- Matti joined the

L •..r"lA.l~ ':J.rJl ......u11 t,S...I:;... J .!.l)....:.. ~ lii i Y •• \ i l ........".... t:; - I have been a

group of participants in his role as president of

participating member in the Arab Intellectual

the Friends of Nature organization in the

Forum in Cairo since its inception in 2001

university

81 18390 1+for

9S 17203 1

567 4OJ~ n. resistance, opposition 561 ~) ad}. official, formal; ~; officially, formally J! t...~L;) .b.,.... ~J ~~ J}J i~L,:.

.d ..... L; -

.L;,>-~ ~~ t,S?~1 d"•.,.oJ1 0b..,....J1

4:,4l

A staid servant met her in official

iL..i '-:"'l,.ll

J ~rJl ....ul ~ J\.i.) yW -

~

It opens

the door for other nationalities to demand the revival of their languages and to resist the

black clothing and led her to a big hall

Arabic language in the Sudan

97170191

87177661

Frequency index 61

575 ~ n. pi. -aat request; demand; application;

568 ~ n. poetry Y"..,...:JI 0'1 .;1JW ~..,...;> Y' ..,...:JI.::..>';'>-I..)j

(purchase) order

r-:J..ill .j o~ •)J~ '":"' ~ L,?jJl .:rill I chose poetry as a subject for my attempt,

..j-'

because poetry is the art whose roots go way

9916681 1

.

back to ancient times

. , young man; adj. youthful,

0~

576 ,":",w, n. pi.

98 168S6 1

~~;.; ~ o...l»L.. ~1.::..>~) I~! -

4-:.l1 J

If you want any help, don 't hesitate to ask me

fresh

569

'.......

"'",'!J",,,,

~ adj. local; ~ locally

(.w.IJ

45 J .:.1\5:.. 0~

~~IJ ~J...ul .:;li~ (J' ~ j~1

-.,...kJ1 -

l5..r"-" ,":",w,

-..4Jl.!l\.:..o. 015

There were a thousand Egyptian young

cT'~1 t.I..kA.l.lJ .... ~ .... j')l.lI .::..>I.i...a.>-~I~.,:l

men who wou ld have liked your spot in the

-

College of

The agency benefits from its international,

regional, and local re lationsh ips to provide the

M edic in~

99 16663 1

necessary statistics to the government and the private sector

577 .1)) n. ;1)) behind, past, beyond; ~ 1.J.J.l 1 J! backward, in reverse; ~I)) adv. behind; ~ I)) ~

9517121 1

from behind

570 ~ adj. pi. i~ great, mighty, powerful

U...ul

~')\.;~~"""}~loi-Youhave a great opportunity to get an education, so

571

".I)J

,":",~I C~ ~i

Salah shut the door

9017372 1

r')tP! n. information, media; vn. informing,

578 ~~r. n./adj. Syrian ~.J.r"

~ ,":",}JI i~! 01. (J' ('""Ip.j 0 # '":"'.rl l ~1f')'1 J:;.W ~I .....". - The Arabs are right

~

u--:-, ..::...1)..>, ~ step, stride; measure

...15';, ~is ~ ,4.1 L.J I .k.....", JI 0)..> i...lZ u.; }I J.i J",....li

')11 ~ ')I ~",...::....JI O.,r.->' '-:"~ JL,., ~)? )1- Mrs Miryam's room door now

action

did not open except for someone to go in or

.:;lS

come out

in her stud ies and in university activities,

96 I 6772 1

so that perhaps she might forget what had

~ ~ll:-I &!';~I) U J..li1 .j ~ d~

t..

~

-

She began to immerse herself

happened

596

~1 n. importance, significance jQ; ')I .~ ~1..kJ1 ~ .:;1 -J Jli ~I .1.,:...-0 ,y

y l-

He told me that

98 16S86 1

602 ~ prep. within, inside; among

the personality of the student, for him,

cr-P c:J:i) u~1

was not less important than hi s educational

\..r'~I ul} -

y .:;\ ~ J\.4j1 ~

An ag[eem~nt took place over

level

disso lving the militias"'and integrating them into

93 16963

the sec urity forces

1

97166461

~ ~ ')II ~ ,Jlj-ll IJ.." ~ ..,Wl ~ -

,

,

597 ~ adj. difficult, hard

..::.JL Uu.

603 ~)~)I and ~~)ll'urubbi/ n./adj. pI. -uun European

I have often asked myself this

"""L>.

~)J)')II ~l:)1

~l:)1 Jl.,.>i ~~ I follow sports news, especially European sports

questions, but the answer is very hard 981 6619 1

news

598

Jf! adj. next, coming, approaching, nearing

tr--"~I.j JAil -

A

.:;.,s-L 41.L.:.':;1 L;\

91 170031

604

.'

:.? adj. artistic; technical; n. technician ~I 0R.~I Lr...li...,-:-l ~ ulS.rJI ~I) ~~ j5J ":--"'..t .:;\ ~ oJ~lAJI- ~)}I) ~I uIJ..IAlI)

Hopeful ly I wi ll be among you

next week

c!Y' -

uU.l:.:..Il.J.." ~ i.r4: In regard to watch in g over the companies, it

87 17399 1

does not have the technical apparatus and the

599 ..;.,J.;. n. pI. ..;.,I.b-l event, incident

technical abilities nor the resources which

u.f';' .)1 ..;.,IJ.>. ~I -

if. ~~ .j t::' ,;....; ..:,..:..IJ She started to review in her mind everyth ing

would enable it to go to each site which carries out these activities

that had happened

87 17291 1

971 667S 1

605 600 'jj:; n. pI. -aat (sports) championship,

~.,;1 v.

IV to clarify, explain (J to sb)

01

that

tournament; cycle, turn, rotation , lap;

~I '-:.:J....j ul) it; ~ - He remained silent,

J1

Jl to; to

,y

reverse

(one's decision); to go back (~~ on one's

if' C? J

staring at the ceiling for about a half hour, then

word)

41 e:::-) JJ )L,JI J ~I ..:.S;..til -

he got up and left the apartment 96

E:-J v. I (;) to return, go back, come back Jl to; to be traced back

I 6574 I

I quit

working at the bar and will not return to it 9816428

I

l!1 part.

(with object pron.)

608 4>.1';-p n. sincerity, candor, frankness; 4>.1~ and ~I;"" frankly

,

614

(~ith

.)i ~)J )11..;...- .!.lILL .J).14 e--I ~I.f""'; ~ -

L...~l.J

L...4\ (t%f) her; (= \.0)

with her

.)~ L...41 i~ v--:1 J..a; Jl.;..~UIIS..l>I.;..·~

Li sten, Tariq , I will ask you a

l.f;....J)..::..J.1,...I.i .... ) .JlL l.?yl!ll

question and I want you to answer frankly 95

41 JI J )

~I i):!.M-

One of the messengers came to Lamis' class

I 6651 I

informing her that the director of the secondary department had requested to see her

609 ~~ n. pI. -aat group, party; gang

97 I 6471

~I ..,.....l:.lI...L.....4.; .:r.jJl&.";-' .. ~lA:- 4..r''j.>. l.?~

-

Cool it, guys, we don't want to spoi l this

lovely occasion

615 .)J~ num. twenty; twentieth

J5 .. Lol&..:r..r---..".; ~ .. ~I I.lr. -:...h,;)

98 164371

.;L,>. if" ~...; ~~..".;

twenty years ... every corner in it reminds me of

becoming acquainted with sb; n. pI.

a part of me life

knowledge, information; culture,

99

education

,y .)L.;)l1 ~

Lo if' j.o\;JIJ ~ rllJ ~I

616

1S?)l1 .;..\.:sl5JI --.: Thinking and knowledge

J.1 iLoi..::....UJ

J iO ~J ~ '7"'UL -

host some of the 2006 World Cup matches

She

92

I 6755 I

stood in front of the sh5lP hesitantly for a few moments, until she was surprised

617 c..~ n. pI. -aat success

i wi ~ I.r"~ L:.-~ -4..1:l:-1 '7"')... ~I Jh~ .b:.l; IS? ~I a,.?I - The new style

when the door opened_and a girl in her 20s appeared 99

-

.••

I 6363 I

achieved a notable success which made the other police departments take notice of it

612 ~I; vn. facing, confronting, encountering;

97

I 6377 I

n. pI. -aat confrontation, encounter .;..l&.UI

J d~..:~.I.Y' ~J.i ...I.i J "l?' c:-'"..,.II

~IJ .:r..r"ll2:l.1 ~ .... ~l-i 0J?\ ~~

625 ~ n. pI. !l;:" bank (financial institution)

e:: f-:-"JJ..l1 ~ 0\5

V. J>- J -

JI r-".;~ 0.r.l.. i· • ,J' Jl--i.; o~~ i ?u- ~I r-".;~

He wa5 playing

.;L,l... -

th ree others arou nd them

dirhams

99 I 6236

95

I

1

6456

1

.;

620 ~ n. development, growth; progress

The bank intends to increase its

capital from 300 million dirhams to a billion

dominoes with one of his friends, with

626

c.L::.i

~;;

tt

~I)I individual, person;

n. pI.

..

,.,..

.;

b;; b;;

separately, individually, one by one

... \5 ~~.,.....:. ~ J! u~~1 The towns need comprehensive

u~.,::.-J.I -

I~ .):lil.):..1.:>-}10y,pl a:WI ~I)i 0\5

development on all levels

..,..-i ./> r-! -

80176621

only ones who knejV _ab.out

Close family members were the

f'!1¥

mother's illness

il~f foot (also as

unit of measure)

9716261 1

621 ~l>

n.

pI. -aat need, want (for what one

lacks); desire, wish; objective, purpose, goal;

Jl ~~ jlp.-

627

i..wlo.;5

in need of

Ji ...;lL.. ~I..;:::--~ I)) .1.;j}1 ~ .;...L.,.oi uI~l> ~ Jr.:-S

The Council of Ministers issued a decision to

import two hundred thousand computers to cover the needs of the universities, institutes and schools

99161671

:,r

2,r J

doing sth; to think, believe

-

~11~J~0UIUL.:.J~ Ul.!J1 ~

r-" ')III~ J.U.i \5lil ~I -

He walked down AI-Ban Street thinking about this happy person that the street had been named after 991 6168 1

promotion, encouragement ~

~~ n. pI. -uun

employee; 0*WI staff,

workforce, personnel; pI. J~ worker, laborer; operator; regent, prefect; ~i;J1 '-;'~ labor Party They closed the

door of acceptance, because there are a lot of foreign workers who are unemployed 97162471

629 ~tw adj. cultural, intellectual, educational ~1.;J..lIJ ~lA!J1 ...L.>WI ~I u~L;J -

Jl P

.;.,1l:J1 ~...l.o

The city of Nazur lacks

cultural and dramatic institutes and halls for putting on plays 86170561

623 .J'~ n. development, advancement; .!...;J.>..:.II J

628

j...>J1 i f 0;11WI ._:_;t~ ')II -

)j v. /I to think ,-;,/~ about sth/sb; to consider that

~ I~ "'Jrll ~J.j~I..I.:>-i ¥ loser .r" ~> to expel, kick out tennis ~ ~) running, jogging .JI';-> loser swimming pool ~ JoY. ball ;;~ a card game; deck of cards ~j':" running ~J to jump, leap .J.J>':" goal ........;.J to make or let play J~ racing, running G swimmer JL-t; -yo Mondial (World Cup) ¥ I the FIFA (Federation Internationale de Football Association)

c:.

Frequency index

632

..I.Sf - adj. sure, certain, definite; i..l.Sf - definitely,

638 J""';'~ n. arrival; attainment, achievement

for sure

.r..JjJ Jr"'J ~ i.,)1 )~I

..;i ..L,5i c:..Jj J .jll.i W f i LSJ..L:lILSlj! ~~I

~ )~I )1):-1 -

LSJ~ ~ 'Y V" r~

come today because of the arrival of a

-

67

I was amazed at how a

~).l.u..l..i.l

It was difficult for him to

Bedouin could know German, and I said: I'm

delegation from Algeria yesterday

sure he is a spy wearing Bedouin clothing

89

I 6728

1

77 I 7875 I +spo

639 633

.1""::' conj.

.p v. I (u) to kill sb; (often pass.) J:i to be killed

except, whether (or not), regardless,

either (or); n. equality

~~

J)' Ji Jr-.r.~ .Ir'~ J.> v}1

4lL.

v"':' Ji ~p Ji -

~; o).~

April ended with a.

Death has a right

-

~I

J:) k

The month of

h~avy rai~ .that

killed

sixty people and wounded mO ore than

to claim us, whether it comes from a fire, or drowning, or a devil, or a beating stick

a hundred

(violence)

95

97

c:..J:j

.r fii c.>- ?,J

1

6311

I

I 6208 I 640 ~;.; n. speed; ~ r. quickly

~ r. ~Y\J i~1 ~~L -

634 ~y. adj. daily; ~y. adv. every day, on a daily

I will go to the

bathroom and return quickly

basis; per diem .. '-lJJ.l1 J~))\.,5

t.,.. Y- A o.r"WI J ':;j~I·l:.:i

~..r...rS .)~1 ~ I~L. -

99

1

6061

I

During his vacation in

officials. What could possibly be wrong with

• < :r..:r, adj. pI. .1.*1 dear, precious ..!.l....l"..-L.~~ .).,51 J .. '-"....1 .. -?:r..r l: '-"....1 [;1

him as a groom?

-

Cairo he is meeting daily with senior state

97

I 6214 I

641

I am sorry, dear... sorry.. 1 won't be diplomatic

with you 9716161 1 +for

635 o')I..P n. pI. vi).;. prayer

~~)o')\...ajI~~L...i~~i rAl (.I};I -

I advise you to take a hot

shower and then pray a couple of prostrations

642 .W n. evening

J

.Lo ~UI i~WI ~I i Y- l-r. J..a.:.;.. She will call them next Friday at seven o'clock

with the intention of letting go of your

in the evening

worries

99160661

9916100

I 643 .)1;;' n. pI. .:f-.,1t;; address; title, headline;

,

636 .JfL.:. n. pI. .1';"':' poet

J ,.,J.~ ~ILSjJl fl..!J1 r ~ l?'t,..J1 ~I -

(website) URL V"I} y-i ..,...)i

Isn't Abu Nuwas the poet

who became famous for wine in the Abbasid era? 94

ci...:.

U;: ~4JI.j Finally, he

address of his private apartment on

I 6364 I

~ n.

'-i)J

J ....... ~I -

takes out a piece of paper and writes the Shawarbi Street 95

637

.)Iy ~-.J

..:.ll ..I..i.l l>1?,.)~.)i :.;l,>- )l. ..l>IJ - He joined the

I 6247 1

, < 644 ~ n. pI. .g.1 physician, doctor

~ Jlj>'\II •.L. y... J ..;1 ~I J.,.4:

college of medicine and worked hard for years

~I J!.J.A:..; .)i -

on behalf of a single dream which filled his life:

in cases like these we must transfer him to the

to become a surgeon

hospital

97161921

97 1 6108 1

The doctor says that

68

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

645 il'.1.;.:.! n. usage, using, utilization

but since the beginning of the war no one sees

;~I il..l>..::....1 ~ ~I ~ Ik1or-i...:......2.i

them in the streets

-

89

Qamara spent months in learning how to

I 6658 I

use the computer 8816785

. n.

646 ~

652 ~~! adj. elected; n. -aat (spo.) national

I

team }}

pI. J p mind, intellect;

JW4 (Alg.)

..:...l>..:;:J.11.-:---- "l - J.;JI ~ "& J5 J.:i o)UI i~ "';-4: - ~}I - Before anything

/bi-I-9qal/ slowly

...,...l....>:Y4 .s)..t; L:..:S:J 'JW4 r+": "l .:rJ1 -

else, teams play, especially national teams, with

Art is not understood with the mind, but we

the goal of not losi ng

comprehend it with feelings

86168281

99160041

647

653 ~. tJl"" num. fem .··L::i1 two·I J ~ tJl"" fem . ~ J ~ L::il'" ~ "" ----

•t

n. pI. ~L,s-I holiday, festival, feast -,?l..!. 0~J li;1..:....r5 WI...,...i) ~ ~­ ~

twelve

,_.lr..k..i.:..-L .. 0W';"'O 0~IJ 0WIy> 0~1 ~4.:.JJ - Two in favor and two opposed ..1 will

During the New Year holiday, I broke a plate and a tea cup 98

648

keep my opinion till the end

I 6068 I

9816001

Jo1 n. pI. JL..I hope, wish; )\:;i hoping, wishing, in the hope

(~i oJ that)

~ ~Y"- 0i j )l...lo~ o)~j ~.~ cl. J ..:...~

r:r ~Jj -

654

..

I ~

• J

LS~

d-,-! 454):Y ...I;..IJ...:...iJ oJ ~IJ ~..u:il

..!..oI...l;..!J

~ ~ yill -

He came on a short

visit hoping to return accompanied by

J

n. pI. ~ j->:- soldier ;..,.J:.I ely> ~ lrl);' ~ll\lI..:...I;1.k.I1

The German airplanes began

their raids on the soldier's forward and rear

a wife from among the daughters of his

positions simultaneously, to confuse them and

homeland

cause chaos among them

98160591

8716781

649 ~)l> n. foreign ministry, foreign office I; ~I .f;:::'" .- vI..:.~ 01 ~ \110)b"ll . }JI ~ ~ LSlll .1)-lllA LS~ -

c: ..:...1) "lJ..ll1 ..:...1).::1" ..:...~ )t;:....1 ~P

~I JJ~

investment contracts for hundreds of billions Do

of dollars with a large number of states of the

you believe that there is someone who will pay

region

a single dollar to buy this nonsense with which

87

I 6737 I

he tarnishes the canvases? 99

J

.t

657 );. n. pI. );'1 light; lamp

I 5963 I

c:

651 i'-:::! vn. undertaking, carrying out...,... (task, activity); playing...,... (a role); rising, standing up

"l

...,....rll il,)..i:... ~J..!.lt:.... 0~ ~i pAll

UlrJl J

r-"Iy. ...I;..i -

Gypsies also live there,

~i ~i I~ .?)i ~I 0.\...2.... );.\11 -:....;\5 -'j ~.;JI LS.;JI J10J}~

saints 98 I 5843

I

659 ~ ad}. popular; national, of the people

:(.,..\;1

~t..",1 L.. J~ • ~ .:.rU1 ~ ~ 'JWI

~I- The raid did not harm the ships as

J;l4.! n. opposite (to), corresponding (to), vis-a-vis

much as it harmed the popular quarters

~WJI

9s161141

Fawaz sat on the chair facing the officer

660 ~~

Jl.i. ~ }01 ~ jl} ~ -

9715905

n. pI. -aat

~I -

I worked as a police officer for ten

years in various governorates, and I wandered around vil lages, hamlets and alleyways, and I got to know the dregs of society

.t

oJ...

667 y- n. pI. .Iy-I air, a!mosphere; weather,

I~

climate;

by air, by plane; )..1

C~

air

force

yl:.1 0 IS ".f. t.; c...J..,:. J ~ '-:"' l) I ...:...4.\S:.\ J>-IJJI ~~...:....1.lW l:jl~ - I closed the door behind me and took off my

91 16386 I

clothes. The air was warm 50 I stayed in my underclothes

fot v. VIII to expect, wait for sth/sb ~.r"L '..I>-I J .::.....1

.j ~~ yo:. -

He confirmed

that Jordan, with what it represents in terms of

asked Iran to suspend its sensitive nuclear activities 90 I 62741

moderate policy, would be a model in the use

669 ~l> n. (Egy. IHaagal pI. -aat, Magh.

of nuclear energy 9616003

IHazhal pI. ~I..,.,.. IHwayizhl) thing,

I

something, object; ~I..,.,.. (Magh.) clothes;

663

""';;l; n. pI. . jJ') circumstance, condition,

belongings

~l>

situation

•..!.WI .jJ)2J1 ,J.,.

J!.o .j ~ .j~I ~ -

J5 4:- .j.rt • .M.i &..L.. c:.M.il> ~ -

Well, then, I'll sit with your mother until I find

We need to act wisely in complicated

out everything from her

circumstances such as these

98 I 5784

99 I 5834

I

:

~

bought a new car which his family did not know anything about 9416043

I

.,

~

...

,

670 ~ and ~ n. pI. .la.Ia>,

l

664 .;":'1 n. pl.;-'I family, community l:....!..; . < - "I - r t I-.' - ,~l.; - r1 •...l...I>-. - . J L.... _ ...,J'-"

I ...

..la.b;

plan,

project He

t...J~t -

\.:5 ~I ~ I~l··~ l;.j~ \.:5..1s-t

I promise you that we will succeed ... if the

plan is carried out as I imagine it 88 I 6433

I

70 A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

671

,).:i.o adj. civil, civilian; n. pI. -uun civilian :,... ,-:-::-""iJ ~ ~..l.o ......... ~ db jJ ~ 0)-::-__ J~~

CJr.'-! .)J.,.:-I -

678

Prior to

J)Ii,l n. releasing, launching; ():JI) firing, shooting; l;)Ii,1 and J)Ii, ~I J.- (yes) absolutely, defi~itely; (no) not at all; ~) J.J)Ii,~1 for sure J '11 t.;')'J:.1A '1 .}L;i ~ "';1- He is

that, five civilians we re killed and seven others were wounded in a booby-trapped car explosion

..........0;

stingy and selfish, not thinking at all about

90 16252 1

anything except himse lf 672 !lJw, v. 11/ to participate, share (with sb)

J

88 I 6322 1

in sth

~m J !lJw,J 'il:i ;;,:)\! ,-,"",L' ~J

99 15560 1

c:: ~IJ J-y ~)I .~

"'L;...;J .)~J\!I..!.U..J .:r..rJI"!'u"J ~~y-.-ll !l)~.. ~)I - President Bush came and met

683 ~ n. pI.

iui section, portion; department,

division

with the Saudi Crown Prince and the King of

;S~ ~I J.:.ll~ ~...lAJ- You have

Bahrain and the King of Jordan and President

been accepted into the department with a

Mubarak

battle

90161841

97 15602

I

Frequency index

684 ~~ n. specification; definition; \-,!¥ and

-'!~~

690

rl2'l n. interest, attention; care, concern J1 ",~WI ~ ;JI i f ~ .J

specifically

-'!~~.J'~ ~J.o i f ~t.; .)1 ,J..,.

if

I.r. l,ll".. J.A...:..l.I CjUI L?~l..a.:i'Y1 ",..cll -

wl.J -

Thi s

time we are coming to you from the city of

..;:?U ...;> ~) 01 L...J ~I.J ~\s::tI 'YI

Hardly had he answered the phone when his

face changed from normal welcome to extreme

Jeddah, and spec ifically from the Seventh

interest, and he quickly ended the call and

Economic Forum which is currently being

stood up

held here

88161171

93 I 5839

I 691

685 ~ n. back, rear part;

.::..J;. (prep.) and ~

01-

Religious intolerance Js -a direcJ: result of

behind (of) sth/sb;

political repression

at the back, in the rear

961 5598 1

J J..l.> .J 1.(:-'l>J1 ......i.l.> ...;K, ~I -

~~ ..... ...wl

:s,..~ ad}. religious; spiritual

~l,....JI-:...,.s:.u •.,?t.,.. ~ 0J.JI ~I

~I ~ from the back, from the rear; ~ (adv.) and ~ ~

yi;.

71

He took hi s place behind the camera and stared

692

,.:i;w n. pI. -aat help, support; ...::.A.~L.. aid

into the lens with care

~L.. •..u:.L.. ...:... c.::..}k.J ~~ ...:.J...a.;1 -

97 I 5628 1

contacted her father and asked him for

I

monetary help

686 ~ fem.n. sun

~

861 6221

\?,rJ1 '-:'"' ~i i f ~?-I ~ J.? r.".,ll ~I~ 'Y~ W1al1 ,-:,",,rJ1 ~~ - Today the sun of

pi

freedom is dawning from the furthest Arab west

693

I

~lS' n. (in

idafa) all of, the entirety of;

~lS'

all

together

on the countries of the Arabs which are dark

~I YL..a.4.lI ~l5 i f 0~ t.:... -

with despotism

are prisoners here from al l the Palestinian

99 15481 1

factions

There

85 16301 1

687 ~t n. addition, added amount, greater

number

(~

of); more, additional, increased

(~)

0i

C.;;l

694 ~ n. pI. ~ servant, slave; pI. ~~ servant (of God);

" r 'Y'YI i f -,!)I ~

...,....,....i 0i -'!) 'Y

~~I humanity, humankind; .& ~I

I, myself

J ~10l5 L.. ...wJ10y J '&1- God

o';'-).J ~ - I don't want to cause you

",:>,-10 y

any more pain. I suggest that we separate, even

helps the servant as long as the servant helps

if only temporarily

his brother

88161541

92

I 5795

1

695 '-:'"'; n. west; West; ~; westward, in the west

688 ..;, ~ v. V to be exposed J1 to sth; to encounter, run into, have to deal with

~ l"...r-" "--"WI '-:'"',;. J~ ~?-I

J1 sth

...:;.,~I ,J..,. -

~ ..!.dJ· ..:;...;,rU .J1..:;...;,r

) ..!.>~ I~L.. -

What

..,r 015 The Hurriyya district north-west

of the capital was the scene of most of these

wou ld happen if you got sick or had an

attacks

accident?

98 I 5465 1

95 15689 1

689

z..;..:;, num. fem. t;-

696 ~\s. n. pI. ~I;' capital city seven;

).S- ~

seventeen e:;ll t.;.;J.JI ....,..:~ i f J,.,J.1 ':"'~,J -

during;

~~/~ J

-

-

t¥ ..l.;~1 -

707

I 5868 I

~

v. /I to achieve, realize (success, goals);

to serve, promote (interests); to investigate -j sth; to interrogate

c: sb

.:r ~ ~ ~ -!.Li J~ -

c.~)

entrance to the metro

that you are happy with what you have

I 5373 I

J:!

At least nine women were

I found the place a few steps away from the

98

L..

shot dead during the Janjaweed attack on the

89

j.i n. pI. -aat, J~ place, location; shop,

~L:3i J

village

I 5974 I

store

during;

i y:J> .wi ,:-

mountain

;l;.j

canal; channel

~

nature

~

garden;

.

paradise

993 1001 1019 1039 1081 1127 1137 1184 1298

~

gulf

~

trees

~

star

~

environment

~

moon

..If-!-o

scene, view

..,..L... surface Jf )

C;

-

river current, stream

1319 t:::) 1361 ~ 1396 ~IJ 1435 ~

quarter bank, shore wadi, valley periphery; ocean

1478 .l.,.,U 1481 .;i\ 1590 ~J.) 1596 t5.lL-

space; vacant horizon path, trail calm, Pacific

desert

3965 )L...a> 4021 ~

island

4044 )..i

region, district

field

4074 4322 4389 4408 4455 4520 4556 4860 5012

abyss, cha5m

1624 ~...l>1693 .1..,-... 1733 0.J!? 1806 JA> 1833 ~I; 1874 ~~

garden

2095 2144 2155 2172 2199 2220 2405 2493

J..-J

sand

dirt, soil maritime; naval

~l$.

forest

~ ~r

rocks wave

J>-L..

coast, seashore

r»~

shore, beach

Cr J1\

waves to overlook; to look out of

2571 2596 2681 2733 2793 2795 3115 3230 3535 3553 3639 3795 3804 3919 3928

.l:.:--

port, harbor

~

view, scenery

~~ -..?.,5 .r.

planet

.;:...~

plants

WJ)

garden

;...

well

o~

lake

land (adj) land; dry land

~;

dust, dirt

""'IJ

oasis

~

grass; herb

'-"'..J

countryside

~JI..,-...

desert

;;}>L..

coastal

oj..

vegetables date palms

~.)~

wilderness

u.s

cave

oJJ~

peak

J..r.-

view; heights

~

flood

~JL-

cliff; abyss

015.r.

volcano

J')\.A

crescent, new moon

5091 5118 5199 5211 5242 5549 5557 5714 5831 6153 6297 6366 6505 7061 7192 7301 7302 7410

...r):-

plant

..s)

soil, earth

0.r">

vegetable

~

mountainous

0~

orchard

~

desert

~~

wilderness

J~

full moon

~

village; estate

~

planet earth

°.Ju

hill

~

water spring

y

hill

.J!J.S.

brook

.

~ low ground '-"-"

reef

~

wilderness

~~

shooting star

74

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

712 ~.J and ~I.J conj. or; otherwise, or else; (Egy.)

719

~lS'

",J.

n. pI. ,-:-,\.:5' writer, author; pI.

Iwalla/, (Lev.lrq.Gul.) Iwilla/, (Magh.) Iwella, walal

worker, clerk; a.p. pI. -uun writing

~l>- ,-?i~.J ~.Ji

l:~ "";lS' ,-?i ~ J

.?r.-i

~J ~L.. -1

J...LOI L..

941 5453 1

Or 1.l5 ~ ,-?."....I ';":1

.:?J t.r'"."il c,st"IJ -

,-?J~I L.. 0;d-IJ

Now I don't know

what to do; several times I've tried to distance myself and close the matter but I can't

,

722 ~l v. VIII to contact '-:-' sb, get in touch '-:-' with sb; to be connected or related J! to sth

...s:J

J-.a:::

~r.l ~ U ,~~ ~ lr. --0.".... He is going to cal l her, not to make up with her, but to scold her

92 1 5614 1

97 1 5289 1 +spo

716 ;Ju, n. energy, power; potential, ability Jl-;>- ~I

J>- ~I ;,;11 0} I.io. -

This is beyond

717

I 5368 I

~ -,

(Egy.Lev.) interr;g. who;

.:J (Lev.) to/for ~

whom; whose You know who pays really good tips?

saying; n. (person) saying

~ iJLlI :(,.~~ ')Uti I".J~~ -

724 J~ n. pI. ~t;- multitude, public; ~I).I

J~ tLa:-! ~\";'...LO 0~ iJ\.SJII.io...:..>~i I~! oJJ~~ .:r.J.J1 tf i."h.o Y' L.. ..:..>~IJ .4-"11 -

66177171 +spo

~ti a.p.

magazine appeared to be eavesdropping on us

the masses

The Japanese and the Arabs

718

that someone sitti ng near us read i ng a foreign

961 5360 1

.. 1,.iL"l1 ~..r..~ ~ eJ..,>,.J:.o --OJ\.>. ..::..,;1 \,i.rJI J -

,

~I ~ 2lk: l:... l:;J c.r-4: l.,a>....:, 0i

these (non-human pI. and fem.pl.)

t!J .iJL..a.lI ...........J.r.\h:; I . ...; _ .-ll _I. .. , .... ..L..:.l1-

.T

~

~J

~LiI ~ .)l5J ..;.....,.:-t;

efforts, to prepare, to plan

long time ago

85159181

98 I 5131

I

•#

oJ.,. -

76

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic /,

$ L..;; issue, affair; matter, question JJW~..:r.I~IJ1 ~";\ - )'!.jJ ~t

96 I 52041

'-;"'1..>';1 n.

I am sure that the

money he received went into his accou nt and

,jJ; .:.r ~..f..1 .h ~) J- : ~I ~WI JL

741

calculation , appraisal;

.sU...l..\ ,-:,L>- J ,-!L>- -

I 5136 I

740 ~?

n. pI. -aat

Jl ~~ 4---L .;11 Jly ~\ ,j~ U;A: ~ ";1

not prevent one from sea rchi ng for t he answers 97

'-;"'~

account, invoice; expense

.r'-' ~J ' IS~ ~ L...;1":)5 '-:' y:l-\ )y\&- - The US Secretary

terror, terrorism; vn . terrorizing,

frightening

of St ate announced t hat Italy's entering

,JlrJIJ ~ '-:'~I ~ ~ r-11.!lL:...111.1

the war was a major human catastrophe,

I)~

and Egypt cut off its relations with Italy

Jl2:... ,-:,1..»';11 '* -

As long as there is

inj ustice against people such as (those in) Palestine

immediately

and Iraq, te rrorism will contin ue to be justified

88

90

I s6C3 I

I 5556 I 748 ~L. n. pI. 0~ resident, inhabitant;

742

I$~

/shway/ (Lev.Gul.lrq .) adv. a little bit;

\..;\ .. ,,:~'p- i j)l .. ..::........=

the Strip

~ ": I ~\ -

97

Ismat...we have to t hink a bit.

I 5093 I

What am I going to do when I go to Egypt now? 60

743

I 8225 I +spo

•

749

)..iJ n. extent, degree; amount, value;

eO;:

business

ability,

~j

capability, capil-city - __

J-o

" -\

:.srs-

J I.,1 . . ~\ )I

IS';>-\ L:.;WY ~

Joi -

.)i 1cS1~ ~

We have to always lower our

C:3jy -.:..LS:.,...!. .l.!..;1 ,f' ~~

He spoke about building a network

for the distribution of natural gas, pointing to the plans that stipulate that it reach Amman

expectations so that we are not hit with

and Zarqa

disappointment

83 1 5830 1+news

99149271

756

J1;.; v. V to be connected":",, with, have to do J.l..:;.u:...i !1L:..,. J" -

grid, system

.J'pi -.:..~I

...... with sth/sb

~.~W~

762 ~ n. pI. -aat, !1~ net; web, network;

Are there

~I ~ ~l!J1 ~I -

Third Generation (3G) will become the best

questions related to the lecture?

available network

91 1 5362 1

961 5022 1

78

763

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

J; v. /I (Oia.) to preserve, keep sb safe (of God):

"IJ~

768 0~ (Egy.Lev.) adv. also; . ; 01.5 again,

'&1 God keep you safe! (used

once more; 01.5

to express thanks for a service); to let sb do

"

~,

.

sth : U) ~ let me go!; (a~~ . verb, with

..1ll>

4l>- stay with me; seat~d; uJ...;l~ 4- stick

2nd pers. pron .) stay: ~

~t.;

4- remain

d me too; ':1.5 (Lev.) adv.

also

J 01c5J.P t.r"}I}>- -

The subject is very nice, and it also has some use

with the subject

541 8928 1

4 4 j JlIJ ..::..;\ ~I 4-4J "A ~ ~J 4 "-;-'J - God keep you, my son, and give

~.?

769 ~~ adj. new, recent; modern; pI. -uun

you health, you and all those like you, 0

(mostly in idafa)

Generous Lord

babies;

~~

.~'1)1 ~~ Jw,\

~ ~...l> ~~ ~\

66 1 7277 1 +spo

newborn

recently' lately JjJ

~ - -

world, but they certainly do not possess

Watch out for

thieves in the crowd

self-consciousness

98148641 96150491

766 ~ ~ adj. bare, naked; free (ifl,:r from); pure, absolute (truth);

772 ,'p ~< v. I (i) to reveal , disclose i f sth; to

• sth; to examine expose, uncover i f ":'lA.:J1

n. mere, nothing , but;

.y sb (medically)

~~ as soon as, the .i nstant; ~/.-! for no JlJ'US

J!- i

~

y.\I...,-J

*" "-;-'; J Ull. -:;~

4:.-""""';'; J~ t ~ .~

Algeria 94 I 5063

I

...;i -

He didn't ask himself about

whether he was doing what he was doing accord ing to his desires, or whether he was

775 ~ n. tomorrow; i~ tomorrow

I~ L;l"..,:..Il?JJ 0i v .?~

-

being forced 87154461

I remembered that

I have a test tomorrow 91

782

I 5254 I

fo n. pI. ..r.:'~ factor, element; component, ingredient; race, ethliicity; member, agent;

776

~f elat.

(pl.) individuals

better/best

l.:.:.L,.. ~ 0i .r l.:..::b:. C~ .,r"\.:s. r-"i if 01 ..u-i l.:..4;..L..> c:: l,llr - Among th e most

L.. ";y' -i ~ ~ ~L ~ 4iJ - I wi ll make a pizza for you that is

important elements in the success of our plan

one hundred times better than the restaurant

is that we cut off contact, finally, with our friend

(one)"What do you think? 9614942

Ahmad

I

861 SSOO

777 ~ and ~ n. pI. -aat file, folder; dossier; (computer) document, file ; ~I

.

J1 ~~ ~ UJJ.I J..;;;)l1 ~~ ...Jj..A;

want it? 98

I 4811 I +for

U;.

rL Ij'; -! cl.", J ~ dj.i -

~I -

found guilty and he spent various periods in

for publication in "The Young Arab"

prison, one of which reached a full six-months

87 I 5291 1

88 I 5246

.8 n.

pI. ..:...~ young woman, girl

LSIA

,y o~ .~\

y.! .. ~ -

~l:....f n. manufacture, industry; pI. -aat trade,

craft

t i\ -=--...L; ol::4l1 .!.ll; .)\ Wf i .)\ ...1>-\ ~ 'l

.) 4A>- ~I ~L:...,.,ll . lh&.'l O)J.r" ..!.lll:J, 4l)l&. u---i ~ JoWl -

No one can

these are things that are far from our

principles

understand ing

87153161

89 15229

f;

I

There is a need to

give local industry its_due in .t~ading, on fair

know whether that girl went to sleep or not...

792

This type of ode is not appropriate

I 797

791

.).r-J.I ~ 'l ..!JL,...il1 I..r' c;JI IJ....

\?rll

He was arrested several times, and he was

•

798 ~ n. pI. ~ summit

);'1 secret; If;

n. pI.

l.r.jJ lS) l,,:>-1 ~....; .. ~I d~ W .) .)~I L;i

secretly, privately; ~,.,

'"

..:.j J

III

;:JI ~l5!~1 secretary; ifi4l1 ;:JI

lSI

J-

I am now at the peak of my

working life .. 1 might be chosen as a minister

sacrament

at any time

If' ~ .:,.s:l .. ~J"'-~1 J--\ ~ )f')U )Y":' J 'l ..!.ll~ !I~t ,~ - There are no secrets among the family of the brotherhood ... but it will remain a sec ret between us, I promise you

89 1 5186

I

799 j~ n.ladj. pI. .I~i enemy ..... ...1.:>-

that

J ......,;; c!'-'..J ~ J

~ .I~ ~I -

99 14699 1

.)~

,y J>..:: I..r'

Who abandons his country during

its trial and puts himself in the service of the

793 ; . adj. pI. );~f free, independent; n.

enemies?

I';'\

88 1 5189 1

liberals; independents ..:...I~

or- lli.:...... 4l J ).)L:J.)! .l_a.. v-J.)L:J .)!

ifL...~1 U.... ~ -

4---- L;)r' Jol,.:;.)\ ~ O)L,....

800

..!.ili v. I (i) to own, possess sth; to control sth ..:...1).,,-11 I..r' c;JI IJ.....)A ifL:JI I..r' 0-:;'j... -

Lebanon is not a file, Lebanon is an

Million s of people own this type of car

independent, free state, with sovereignty,

89151181

which Syria must deal with on thi s basis 99146841

801 ~L; n. pI.

794 ~...Jj..:; and ~j..:.A n. pI. -aat responsibility,

(def. ~I;l side, perspective,

L..

J-" I..r'

W:i .rU J-- -

Do you know

'":-')1; adj. wanted, needed; demanded, required, necessary

~ Cf'

Jl1\ ~}1l1 o~)I.J....\ c!).)\ ~

~ Yo

After his family paid the required

..w -

who Safwat Shakir is?

bribes, their child was released after two days

88 15271 1

97147301

82

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

803 ;~! vn. investing; n. pI. -aat investment ~

810 oJL.o! n. pI. -aat Emirate

~i o;~) .;..1;L.o';'i1 J!.;..)L.. -

t ~;.r" J ;l!;.--')U o~..I.:>:- \.1.Jf- L:.......;.J

~L.. o~ ~ y

-

I traveled to

the Emirates to visit my sister

We laid down new conditions

for investment in Syria which were not there

9214969

I

\1,;. n.

pI.

before 76

804

811

I 60081

~; II.

.~i

mistake, blunder, error;

adj. (invar.) wrong, mistaken

~ ~ l:.:.,,>t; :r tk,,:. \5 i J ''';'''''; l:..oL.oi ..:..j}1

V to expect, anticipate sth; to look

forward to sth

-

J.-I..I>-i e~ y.~ •.? t ~ Jj J'1 '-:' ~I .L..:.,JI -

The time available to us is limited, and any

error on our part would create a catastrophe

He was amazed because his wife had

95

I 4767 I

not told him that she expected anyone for

812 ~ n. pI. -aat, ~Li greeting, salute,

dinner

I

9814678

805

salutation

-

87

v-:-li ,...:... ~)o.; ,-?jJl JLS::l4 ~ ~I

The soul becomes attached to the place it is

813

driven out of, isn't that true? 9S 14822

';"~r

continuation of the dictatorial program which

growth; .;..1;# events, developments ($'"L:-l1 ;}o:ll ...... ...1:.....; Jl:lI ~ U.....

:r. 0~1 ~I .r..J. ~i :r J>I~...LII

I 4816 I

"'~I ~ r."ll -

807 ~~ adj. suitable, appropriate

free the Bahraini people from the traditional bonds

time? I don't want to delay you at work

85

I

808 :.)i~ and jl~ !Dia: _~~~) prep.

J~.J. c?...jrl 'Y .. ~I :r ~i (5) 'Y lei .;...r'" ~ J')IL;;j L-r! ..cL.aJ I J

What is

J~

the percentage of success? - About fifty percent 9614772

I 5334 I

815 .;:. interrog. when

approximately, around, about ~ JIJ>' - ~ c~1 ~ rS -

This, naturally, requires

democratic political development in order to

~i Ji ~)'Y ~~l:..o..:..jJ J ~...::...1...a;IJ" ~I I f - Did I call you at an appropriate

J

I

814 ; # n. pI. -aat progress, development,

the ruling regime was following in the country

'Jlli

The noble Prophet,

non-Arab women 9614728

He stressed

that this decision was an extension and

9814681

.J:!-J ';"~r -

peace be upon him, married Arab and

,-?;yl.::5:::...LI1 ~ ;i~IJ ~I...I.:.oI ;i.,ill U.... Ji ..lSi

95

:,f n. pI. .yi prophet; ~I the Prophet :r i')LJIJ oJlAlI ~ ~~I ~I C...J;

constantly

J rSl:l 1il1.JI ~ ,-?jJl -

I 5215 I +for

Muhammad

I

806 ;ir.;.;.! n. continuation, continuity; ;ir.;.;.~

~')t)1

!JLo. Jl5 -

There were guards who saluted the soldiers

psychology

~ -!lJ.l5

~I ly.Ai ..rl.;>-

..,yL.J1

..,Jr fem.n. pI. ..r.::- soul, spirit; ~I r-4

-

I don't see either of the two gi rls ...

I

I don't know when they go out in the

I (u) to come, show up; to attend, be

as it appears

morning .. They creep out without a sound,

809 ~

II.

86 I 5240

present at (meeting, party, concert); to view

I

(film, TV show)

J ..wJ ~.,., cr.k J.:.., ...;..wiJ1 J! ~ t '-:'~~ ~ y.:

-

Diyab has not come to the hotel for

about two months; and maybe he will not return 9914598

I

816

~L.,.:.!

n.

affliction, illness; pI. -aat casualty,

injury; pI. -aat point, score, goal 0;>-..d1 ~ \ '1'1\ i~ ~rl J\.1...rl4 ~'YJ'11 ~L.,.:.!J

...... I;~ ~;

pi J:i-

Frequency index

An American study in the year 1991 linked

this hospice is to help patients who can't be

smoking before pregnancy and children

cured, who are awaiting death

getting cancer

98 1457S 1

8S

83

I S301 I

0~

817 .:; n. pI.

art; specialty; type, variety

~ - r-' )1 L..i

823 !l~ adj. shared, common, joint, collective C .J'-" - -I I ~I' _ - IJ)u -

91 149471

CJ':; n. pI. 01~i sadness, grief, sorrow,

He is no longer able to sleep without a

anguish

sleeping pill, and he is no longer able to

0)-1

J.--. ,..:...}I '-;-' ~ ~L! lS..!..!.J

I~

Jh; 4:5J ci~ !l.;) ~ ~I -

t

015 Rushdi

was pale as death; a deep sadness was in his

do anything, neither at night nor during the day 99145221

eyes, and he let his beard grow, but it didn't get very long

828 r?L,.. n. pI. il.5:;. ruler, governor; adj. ruling,

89 1S054 1+lit +for

822

in power

..Ai' n. pI. ~..;; patient, sick person; adj. ill, sick

\.:.:.1).J..;..:u L;..,s~ -

We don't want anything

from those rulers more than to

J l?l..!J1 c:: -

9714501 1

village food: olives, dr-w mosque

J 41 0~~ \.... ~ .f5~1 ~ 0-!k J~

o.4J.d:..1 ~I - In two months, at the most,

weapons after the war to increase your

we will pray together with God's permission in

arsenals?

the new mosque

8714989 1

88149121

847 ~ adj. specific, determined; fixed, set,

~

J?

853 t;.1 voc.part. fem . li:!1 oh!

r

..:..>Iyo:.~IJ .yo:.;11

Lrol i r.l l ~

prescribed; appointed, designated

J1l:J1

,-:-".l..

.:r 0~ ..li yUIJ ~ ,-:-"I.l.. .!.It:.... .f"-i ,-:-".l.. .:r ~IJ - There are specific sects,

0.,s:J1 4-. ~I '-:-'? r"~ '-!"""" )1 - Our guest today, brothers and sisters, is

and the requester might be from one sect and

the official spokesman for the Kuwaiti

the mufti from another

AI-Umma Party

97144691

8415122 1

86

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

854

c::.r: adj. quick, prompt; l...:.r: quickly,

was only broken by the trickling water flowing

promptly

from the fountain

c!.JJ ,~ It ;Sll....:.r' ).kill .)\5

89 I 4809

I +Iil

~~ ~~ ('"1=-41 JI?lI - The train 860 .;.:-. v. I (a) to strive

was faster than necessary, and the workers 98 I 4375

Jl for

sth; to pursue,

chase ~1.Jj after (a goal)

raised their hands in greeting to the soldiers

~~.r'w~Js-J~~J--

I

855 ...')\..;, n. security, safety; integrity; "'~I

Are you trying to get a speeding ticket?

e

88 I 4841

I

goodbye! ~JLJI u...;..:.i.J

e:!'}1

J

lr,:...l>- Js- ~ o.T'j ~

~JLJIJ.}-JI

J-

861 ft.;1 v. IV to install, establish, set up sth; to hold, host (event, party); to reside, live,

She kissed Zahra

-j

two kisses on her cheek and wished her safety

set up residence

on her trip and safety in giving birth

C::;/';" ";)11 t ..,..L. Js-

ilA: ~I.)I

98143871

~rJI ~...\..o J>-...\..o ...l:..>- -

The museum is

at

being erected on an area of 4 thousand square

856 ~\.. n. finance

meters at the entrance to the city of AI-Arish

.:,:~I

J.,.... -j "-.IJI.cl1 r+"~1 ~ ~...LiJ ~ • , V \ ~lll U:-'~I JJG:. ~lll JI.JJ)U

r+"

.).",L -

The quantity of shares traded in

I

8914800

862 ..;.;;. n. fear;

l;";; for fear (~ of). fearing

the Bahrain Money Market during the last week

(Js- for)

was 20.71 million shares

.u,...L...> 4:>;-J J

80 I 5342

He noticed signs of fear and surprise on

I

~.llIJ ";~I ..;..\..~ .Ji..:>.)1-

the face of his friend

•

857 o~t n. pi. ·aat direction; course; trend ,

99

I 4297 I

movement . . J.;.ll ~ o~~ ~.r' ~~ ~...GI

LA.Y )2:;

)II ..;....L..,U -

She started off as

fast as possible in the direction of the Metro station ... She deliberately did not

858

~.;..;. n.

I

pi.

~I~l

..::....b.l.::>1 'o-4~ Jt.s::..;.1 ..;..R ~ ~IJ ..:.J..,a..i;1 .)1 ..!...J;

J

-

..,...all -41; e::

t 4-:5:J ,~I...wl

With the increasing light, new forms

not long before they broke up, and became clear bit by bit

to transmit (news); to translate sth;

9614426

0!j) (~.JI):; (~i.~I) ~

(the newspaper) quojed (the President)

e .J}JI ~ Jl JZJ J~I ~

.r~I .)J~..!.r. -

I

864 J~ n. substitute; ~ 'i~ instead of. in lieu of

L.a"....;...:...)1-4 lri.JJ J.-./~I r-WI JI;k I..,..t.;

as saying tha't '

~J\.JI ~j\....J

.I~~I (?~j:;

appeared, all mixed together at first, but it was

fo v. I (u) to transfer, transport sth;

.:,:jJl 0:-o..r.J.I

light, lamp;

Premier League

~

look around her 8914800

863

He was arrested

.\".ll~

L>...6.l... - They took down the American

flag and raised in its place a shirt spotted with

and transferred to Jabal AI-Tur with the

blood

criminals who threaten the security and

9914315

I

safety of the cou ntry 9714421

I

865 ~ adj. medical

Y- ~ ..;.r0 )I 4,.k]1 4;:....1.J~ .r ~)~ lrl

859 ~ n. silence

J.o:-)1 cr:-"I>-I -

..s.,.... ~ t J:Z ...:........,.0 ~U ,o~ Jt.; I.K.. ;.J.,.;L:JI .r w.cll .lfl .r.? - He said this

of men

sharply, and then a heavy silence reigned which

95

Despite her medical studies,

she doesn't know anything about the feelings

I 44971

Frequency index

866 'll~ n. pI. )JJ:; office, bureau; district, circuit; circle, ring

J~iJ . .•..f"-" ;)b J "!"wJi...Li ";l..!.ll JOi \'~~~ ~ ~ -

was crowned champion of the local tournament last season

P

96143861

Didn't I te ll you that he

has entrapped you in his circle of magic ... and

872

u:; n. departure, leaving; getting out, exit; deviation (if from)

exchanged your heart wit h the heart of a chicken? 90 14742

'-:-'~

I

Jl ~IJ ..lUll J} i f ~ ..::...k.4:J1

CJ.J!LI -

90 14688

chairmanship WhlIJ · '11'b~ r -.I1 c:...J -0i b . r."1c' - ..... ll'>-.J'

I

873 0')\$.! vn. announcing, declaring; n. pI. -aat announcement, decla':.ation, 'statement;

over the leadership of the department, I have

advertisement, billboard

always been enthusiastic about accepting Egyptian

0l5.P."'~1 Jl.:i.Y" ~1}101 J~ ~

students because they are smart and diligent 79

She grabbed her bag from off

the chair and headed for the exit door

867 4.,;,U,! n. presidency, leadership, direction,

0J~ J .l,,5) i r-r~ ~~I - Since I took

87

~ ~4d:-1 0~0

I 5379 I

r-"...l.,.O wL-l..!...:.-~

~ t~1 JJ~ J -

She looked pale, like

the dead, and kept trembling and breathing deeply and trying to get control of herself 90

~iJ

w'YT ~I; c:...jy.>. ...,.,.~'Y10pl ;)jJ..:...li

knowledgeable of

870

I

876

I 4296 I

.w

n. pI. JJ\!' shade; patronage; JJ\!' auspices;

J.!a.ll

J4 unpleasant, disagreeable (person)

.u..LJ1

,-:-,l:&- jJ; J t... .>J~ 'YI dJ.>.}1 ~ 4,,; C:!~

-

IS.;!: L.. ~l:::...;1 ~)...u .r" ~ r He loves Egypt·so much that he follows

I

J5

893

itS n. pI. -aat college, institute, faculty;

everything that happens in it with extreme

entirety, totality

interest

1. _ _ • -r-:

98141861

~ ..,..J.I 0..,:Al1 -

1' --11 ...r') ~J.r-o :-I ...... J.:J.I4..l5:. ---II c.r--_ . .l) ,t..lkZl

He headed quickly for the door... He

907 U~J'. n./ad}. pI. -uun British ;;. elL.a.l1

~I u.;LI ~lk,~1 J~ \II ~ ...,.."...,t; oSlJ..I....>l -

rang the doorbell violently and without ceasing,

'-:,:.1)

and he began to pound on t he door with his

occ upation, Sheikh Salih res um ed founding a

.:.....)..!...

After the British

palms and his feet with everything he had in him

nationalist school with his fri ends

89 I 4537

82 I 4863

I

I

92

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

908 .;.:. v. I (i) to pass, go by, elapse (time);

~-:

914 ..,.... n. pI.

, , , ",,,.-:.

l>- J)J

LA.; In

letter and spirit

go ."...;/Jl to/towards

~ ~ j&- 1)~Li ..,...JI .:" ~ .:" ~ .:"i ~ Lr.ll~ r-r~J.., r-+'1p.I J Jw,~I - The co~tents

J o;lJ.I Jl ~ o.i>UI Jl ~ -

He went to the window looking at the alley

of the text must gain the trust and respect of

at night

the children, as well as their faith in its benefits

89

I 4502 I +Iit

88145481

909 ~ n. loftiness, nobility; (in titles) His/Her

915

~;; n. pI. -uun

employee

h,l>-

~UI ..!.l1;

J J.;ll ~l5)

Highness

;.;\.1;.; J~ \.r'

r-- J ~~ ~I j&- J-'! ~~ )

. u.I; L .11 . lki ~

41

J5 ...;~~ d~ ...;ljf i id-l L:".!. -

They know him

919

~~

(def.

well, they meet him almost every day and

~~I

give him something from what the soldiers

-

gave them 96

I 4137 I

.)~)

adj. pI.

.:,,)~

remaining, lasting;

n. remainder, remnant

,y-

abstained 98

~I JUIJ

....... ":";.J--'" JJ~ ~')U

Three countries voted with it, and the rest

I 4053 I

Frequency index

920

:J.j. II. I (u)

to thank, give thanks to sb;

926

j5 Kul Wa-Ishkur (a type of baklava

~i.J

~ II.

V to speak (a language); to speak

93

e::

with sb (J&-/Jy/.J" about)

J:Z ~ ~ \.-its o}~ J ~ r. ~ ~" iJL:..iII ~ b~ -

What

does the artist feel when he accomplishes a

these guidelin es as long as different instructions

new work?

were not issued

92 I 4297

72

I

0-4:

v~ )..w,; t.. v~ 'pI i.rL. .;) JLi ..!.ll~ ~ t.Sy:.I - He said he would adhere to

I 5477 I

94

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

933 .J~ and .J~ (Egy.Lev.Gul.) conj. because, in

c.t"s::.. ~i .Jl!s. Ji'll ~ ~L.. C:!) ojJ ~ L;\ o~

8414642

I

I need a quarter hour, at least, to put on my

940 ~ n.ladj. Zionist

make-up 49

J ~~ \II ~IS";'IJ ~J.JI ~IS";'I d~J ~I; Jy> ~~1S'i1 e i ..u.....; 1j~1.JL,S:J1

I 7933 I +for +spo

Jd~ n. pI. ~~1. ~\I~

sign,

evidence, proof

of); pI.

(~

clu~,

J~l

:i.,,; ~I -

indication, guide,

to clash with the academics about the Zionist

..!lJlS' ~i , •• J)IJ 0~)'1 \' .JIJr ~\ 4 -

J"h .y.1).1 ~ .1; La. I

heritage

Keeping appointments is an

7914882

evid ence of faith and honor, isn't that so, Abu

941

Marwan 7

~.To ~ ~ .Ji .~J...v.... i4i l:.. .!J..I.>-

J

I

n. pI. -aat station (gas, electrical power,

u.; Y: ~ . WI

935 ~~ n. pI. ~~~ wish, desire

~I

< ~

broadcasting); stop, layover

I

9614078

The religious movements and the

social movements in the Zionist entity began

handbook

~..r>J 'i ')\kJI J ~ ~I ~ ) ~ (,)..1.>-J - It happened a few days ago that I felt a desi re to

l.:>! n. pI. -aat reform, restoration; ~\.:.. ':>l.:>l

I

corrections, amendments

939 ~ adj. journalistic, press; n. journalist, reporter .:riJI J ,-:-,~\l1

0~1 CJL..,l JJ\.i \lJ..!lJ\.:..

J 4\.:.:. -

Stay as

you are and don't try to reform the world

->. (f" _

...,.....ts- -

1

·.LII... .:Jl5 ~J

government seized the coffee beans from the

~

market, announcing that trade in coffee beans

The expressions of her beautiful face

would be handled by the government itself, in

changed occasionally in a mysterious way

order to supply the armies

99 I 3855

94140361

I

96

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

958

....;~

n. pI. -aat

962 ~ n. pI.

dispute, co~f1ict;

disagreement, difference (,-?i,1

.j

of opinion)

~lA;IJ 1c+l5l.!.. ~ ,~~')\.;LI.;Sj;; ..w J')U.JI

J&- -

dl.:-A amount, sum (of money);

extent, degree; scope, range

t

o~41 ';l,.>- ~ i~ ~ -JL. &. '-:"' J1: 0i tu.:......1

She no longer remembered the

-

He was able to escape with a large amount

disagreement between them , she forgot their

of money with which he began his new life

problems and their agreement to divorce

97 I 3913

I

96139661

963 ~ n. pI. ~L;.i body

959 ;~l n. choice, selection; election;

.~ 'U:=-ll

.j 0 y-'r-I .

green brass dusky, pale

~l

blond

jJJ! )l.O.....

turquoise

~t

yellowness black and white

7967

~".....I

to become black

Frequency index

966

~~

n. pI. -aat writing; script; essay, piece

973

of writing

.;u. n. pI. -aat aircraft, airplane 1 I.S .I.M..... ¥. ~ ¥.

economy; saving

~ .r.WI t...~ -':NJ ....\II ~L.a:il ...;.;. ~ I~tl -

Why

.k,...aJ4 -

this earth to the extent that suffices us all, so

restore its past glory?

we al l live happily just as He created the air and

88

I 4227 I

li ght exactly 96 I 3827

970 ~,;...o n. pI. .!.l.,!~ battle, campaign

~..;,.,S.... Jlj>-...I.i tS~.,.. iY~"" J> a.,., WI ;S -Ii t.:.-.. \k, .us JWI It.:. I '. \; -

I

,

,

977 '-';; n. proximity, nearness; ~;; and

Montgomery's time to sleep had come, so he

~ ":'"JJ4 and ":'" ~ near, near to ":'" J ..;~ JI ..L.JI ~ I~ ~ C!..!.: [.1)

ente red into hi s chamber confidently and went

~ IJ ,,,:,,,L:JI -

to sleep whi le the whole world stayed awake

from him, and he got him to his place near the

J"",r-1.

-

r

..:.\.1 -

Religion is a blessing for mankind, calling for

financial scandal in the history of the United

love and mercy 98

I 3796 I

States 92

I 3972 I

He is responsib le for the biggest

98

A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic

980

1 1:. 01

...1.:1-1 -

J.....: L,;..lll 0i ..l.>\ J..L.a: f

No one believed that the world could

At the end of my talk I directed to each of

be that small

them a direct question: Do you want to do

95

I 3768 I

something for your country? 9014075

984

I

990

4- n. pI. 0~, u~ paradise; garden )l:JIJ :i.:J:-1 ~ y:- y.

" JJl:.;:;J ~ ~r - 4~ ~~IJ ~~

-

taking tranquilizers 97

;.b.lJ1 ...!.ll;

.j J-bll I.:JI cj I.A~'Y..,I -

jOlll ~ -

Amira had worked with her husband in the

climbed the trees of the forbidden garden in

Gulf, and her children were scattered throughout

the house of the supervisor

countries where they had been admitted for study

95 I 3691

94 I 3795

cj ~ y...11 ~I J~I ..;.L-;.., ,-:-,1.rJ1 0?J1..,...,J He played "sock soccer" and

I

I 1002 }~ n. mention, citation; memory

994 o~ n. pI. -aat look, glance, view o.lf'", \...;.14-01 0';";

J

..:....rci1..;J1 ~I 0.r'~ ~ J::kll

J

"':'sJl..!.

~l:-ll ~IJ}>:JI.., ..!..>I..I.>~I .;S~ ~ ....:. I

lSlJ -In his mother's

gaze he saw miserliness and greed

participated in commenting on the

97 I 3687

limited itself to ambassador's lecture. vvhich .. had ,.. mentioning events al'ld polffical developments

-

I

995 ~ n. opposite, reverse, contrary

92 I 3824

J-> "';4.r ~ ~.., J,:JI J! ~ 01 J} .k.",....,1 J! ~ - He decided to get to the Nile and walk upstream until he got to Assiut 98 I 3626

I

1003 ~IA~ and ~I}~~ n. democracy __ oil c..r::'" • 'l:..:..SJ .., U,I-, ...ul·~..!..>..c..;.; c:_.r~ .T'-' ~t:....,J LSJ.>.! 'J:. ~).:JI -

The Palestinian issue headed the agenda

He has two full years

controlling device

1009

JIc&-I J.J~ ~I ~I ~)..l.,.2j

i-)ell

.. ).;11 ~l.il ~ ~Iy- ~ .)')\..0\5 .)lol&- .... loi i) L....J I -I-j on) ..;..~)-I J.>- ,":",lAJ)'1 J.>- ,":",)-1 ~t; if..!.llLi •...b..::l.1 ..;..~ \}}I

-j ~..lll -

97 I 3508

C:....;....;

I am asking you

~

-

Dr Karam picked up a paper

from off the table and took a gold pen out of his pocket 96 I 3559

1028

~l&.

n. utmost, extreme; :11- Their dead and captured reached

1030 ~ v. I (a) to cut off, sever sth; to interrupt, stop (flow); to block

1SO,OOO since the beginning of the British attack

(street); to cover, travel (a distance);

89 I 3839

to pledge (a vow)

I

,":",L.:. lA..i.>-l,..!.ll~ 1024

~ ~)3 ~I

01 ~

~3 ~

~ ..j ~ lb- ~? !JL:... ..:..;\5 I~! -

my daughter and raise her and then a you ng

If there

Joj. J5 ~ -

How can I bear

really is a crime, it wi ll appear

man takes her, severing all paths between us

99 I 3453

and her?

I

99 I 3403

1025

oW

;.f11 v. IV to show, manifest, demonstrate

j;;. v.

I

I (i,u) to precede, come before sb/sth;

01 ~ ~ to have done sth previously

1031 0':;..;3 n. revolution, uprising

tWI CJl - ~I .:.r ~l>- Jll.?~ y.

waitress 55 I 6052

I 3S26 I

'-7"'t...)~1 ~

I +spo

1.l.o...1

r:-: ~ f l ~...\.O..1-

This leads to a state of depression and anger,

1033

.lSh certainty; -. n. confirmation; affirmation; .

and might be exploited to create an

.l.§8~ certainly; --!. i.l.§G in confirmation of;

environment in which terrorism grows

underscoring, emphasizing

90 I 3696

~

eJ..1l..u ~ Y- ...L,5t:J~ \'~ ...... l.d:-I o)~1J '-!.ro11 d ..r.WI -

J-.a.>-

.:r.i

.:.r

Where did

I

1040 ~W n. pI. -aat contest, competition; race

he get it? For sure there is some cooperation

LS-4-' ~~ ~L.. J J..1'Ilo,;l.d:-~ jl.i .:.r ~J.' -

The kingdom

to propagate sth

witnessed a big development in the health

.:-~li11

and health care arenas, since health services

v-:-l..,s

d.:... .:-.r;...1 ~I d ? ':-)J....o ~ If ~~ '11..1 - Dozens of

are bei ng offered over the whole breadth of

books were issued and hundreds of articles

the nation

and studies were published about the

92 I 3617

I

.:.t\>. v.

I (a) to fear sth/sb; to be afraid ~

personality of Columbus 88 I 3812

1042

I

J>' about sth/sb; J>' for (sb's safety) .:.r . . . t.>.i c.?J .. )L...:;~I J c.L.a.JII.l.o. .:-P

of sth/sb; to be worried

1036 )~~ n. pI. ~\.;:; dinar ):.; ~ ~l....:... ~u...,;~

to fear

41 J! ~L...)..,..::S­

He wrote a letter to God, may He be praised,

Jl..u..1 ..,;~ ~) -

asking him for a hundred dinar

about suicide, but I am afraid of our Lord, may

85

He be praised and exalted

I 3968 I

96 I 3463

1037 o:/L.!.! vn. mentioning, pointing out;

n. pI. -aat indication, sign, signal

~ ~i

1043

t.:... ~.rP .:-I)L.!.! c!'..1 ~~ Traffic lights need to be put up here

)..1)1 -

.:.r

.:.r

to regulate the traffic 9713465

1038

This morning I thought

I

~1

I

v. IV to throw, toss; to deliver, give

J>' » 1 J.il to arrest sb I.+-- J5 ~i J....Q... '-7"'; i J>' ..1 ~rll 'j.>.~

(a speech);

~

~b'; el..lll .:-I.r"i ':-~~..1 -

They entered the

car and each one threw himself onto the nearest seat, and the sound of cannons kept

01 v. I (u) to think, believe, presume 0i that

getting louder

~ty.i-:...:..:b~;';:"L...c::..lJ; -

89 I 3711

I

Frequency index

103

14 Opposites Note that in most cases the positive term is ranked higher than the negative one. Word 1 ..l...

Jjl

.# -4~

.;51

.r? f~

;\,,>0.J~

i\...\

'-:'?

.r,51 ~\... ..;..j.

J.>b -L..,

i~1..i

inside

outside

preceding

next

,-:,I~

question

answer

~

long; tall

short; small

~I '-;-!.}

to take

to give

far

near

\.b:.

correct

wrong

~I~

end

beginning

'-:'./\.,....1

east

west

better/best

worse/worst

~

possible

impossible

j..u:.

friend

enemy

JI,.-!.

south

north

~

strong

weak

..,.....,l.

clear

obscure

0&

good

bad

;;'i

world

the hereafter

• l> ~ ~I ~ c...,.!1- Explain to me

be transformed

what's the story with that phone

JlI..l:1-1 .::J ~ ,~r.J1 c:: ~ u~lY' ...:.J...l>-

46 I 6976 I +spo

":"' ~ ~ .,rJ1 ..;..;lS ,~ Jl;j IT-~t,,.. Jl IT-J'''lh::l.1 -

1048

Violent confrontations took place

1054 ~ v. I (a) to laugh (~ at)

¥

with the police; the gardens were transformed

J

into actual battlefields; the police were beating

i'%Jl- Magd AI-Din started to laugh at

the demonstrators

Dumyan's anger and his manner of speaking

89 I 3697

89 I 36671

I

;J n. dawn

1055

,~I ~I~i e-" ..;-> ~..i.>i ··i.,:J1 i f P-

~}> J ~t"..~

d' ~ IT-..ll1 ~ J.lkl

f 'i.!2.1 v. X to use, employ, utilize sth lylS ~Lo J)I ~.".:.:I:-I ~I ~l>.1 ~L.a5 r.)~ ~

~ll:-I Jl ~l.- J "-!~ LS...G)J lolA- ..i.>iJ ~ -

.~I ~l>. '11 d' J.A!l1 c.;Jllh ~ Y'~

He was unable to sleep; he started to toss and

.!.l)WI -

turn until he heard the dawn call to prayer; he

shoemaker, the Roman soldiers were using

got up and took a shower and put on his

this heavy type of shoe during battles

clothing and returned to the university

85 I 3825

According to my experience as a

I

97 I 33681

1056 ~L.. v. III to help, assist, support sb 1049

Jj1 v. VIII to meet, encounter c::1,,:", sb

•J..\.r.

~.I:~i -41 J ~..t;\l1 ..;...h.i..... L.~ L.....

His excellency the prime

Abdallah gave

921 3S11 1

1058

10S

I

1064 ~~ adj. working, operating; active;

,~I) ~II)~I- When

(Dia.) a.p. doing, making

u~1 ¥.-I 0i ~IJ...I.l1 ..15Y -::.J)1 ~

J

Andalusia fell into the hands of the Spanish

-.>.ill

Christians, they persecuted the Muslims and

~ ~ ~L::-- 4-W .j u..WI oi)1 J~ -

the Jews together

-.,.J.4J1 ,-""Iri) i...l.ll 1..0...,.; -

9013600 1

the study confirms that the physical effort that

At the same time

the working woman exerts at work will help

1059 0~ n. praise; 41 z,~ praise God!

Js:.! '-lL. JI?-ll ~ -.>.ill 41 0b...,.- -

her avoid (high) blood pressure and heart disease

Praise

9613329 1

be to God who made a hundred kinds of beauty

1065

90 13S71 1

A

n.

thinking, pondering; reflection,

meditation

1060

• adj. confirming; ..ISj.!

p i Js- ..}J..ti - \II C:!l::; 015 -

underscoring,

Things were happening faster than my ability

emphasizing

r

0i 1..15

~ ..,...,11 J! '7'~ ...:.J5 1"i ~

~~

r+.-' ..1.>-1) J5 -

to think 98 1326S 1

He ended

his speech with a message to the delegates, stressing that each one of them is an

1066 ; .J; v. I (u) to study, learn sth

ambassador for Egypt

.!1l~ ~ ,~)

871 3718 1

\ it V i~

,t"....;u c:.aJ 0 y WI U"A 01 J)

.;~

J! -

He decided to study law

to become a judge, and he returned after that

1061 ~ adj. short, small (of stature)

to his home town in the year 1647

~~..I.>- ~ ;r,) '7'LJI J! ..L....)i ~l:.ll i4\II J ....w '-:-f. ~ -.>..b:- - He accompanied him to the door and a short,

97133121

1067 0y.jA.ls and 0y.# Itilfizyoon, tilivizyoonl

serious conversation took place between

television

them about what needed to be done in

~14.>1r- 0 ~ - According

~~! ;JJWI ~lPl 11J ' ~j> ~ 4---')..k.;.....;,

to the doctors' reports, by the end of the

.1.3-1 -

curre nt month his excellency the Sheikh will

He dialed her number, but she didn't

answer, and when he tried again, she hung up

have completed his period of convalescence

on him

88

99

I 3576 I

I 3190 I 1089 .:;.,~ v. I (i) to strike, hit; ~

1083 ~ n. age (of a person)

an example

..l> ~))11 ~)I ~L. ~ J 0

~J

prayers at the mosque); (used as a title)

creatures, humankind

1097

JS -,?.b-J e~\0i.y

.~~IJ jWI ~I}J ~')UIJ rWJI .:rJJI have to pay everything by myself: school

~ ':'J~J

l5 ;~J..l,s! L.;~ l,W1..:...l,..I)...LlI.:;5L..\-

-

The old generation refused to

let young people participate in its sessions,

I want to know your opinion .. Do we accept

considering it to be shameful

this student? Graduate study slots here are

97 13185 1

very limited as you know 9913151 1

1104

1098 ~li n. pI. ~I) list, index; ~I) legs (chair)

,;..lA n. pI. ~l.!.; feeling, sense, emotion ,;5i f~1 UI

I 3254 I

,

.:);..!. adj. Eastern, oriental; n. East, eastern J.> c!') .:JLS:.;J"'>-) .Ll5 \r...\..o r-"i (J' .j.rJ1 - Two of its most

.:J~ ~

important cities are Kalba and Khor Fakkan,

,

1108 .:J.,,"':J.! num. thirty; thirtieth

and they are located on the eastern coast of

U;-y.;) 4.:.... 4;...... r - ' ) j ~ ~t;..!.Li ..j.J"i-

the Gulf of Oman

I know that you met him when he visited

96

I 3140 I

Egypt in 1936 98

I 3095 I

1115

..ri: n. d

l

(iY.) Thursday

~li-,!'1 ~liY-~ L..JI)a:;L-1 will 1109

,'.I:J.! v.

VIII to be different

to disagree

U;-y.; L L..t... -

Y'

from sth/sb;

..!.J..b-

L..

Jy

92

It is useless to argue now about what

97131291

..:..~\ . v.

1116

....A..;:.1 n. sorry, regret, remorse; pity, sympathy; ....A..;:.)U .... .... unfortunately; ....A..;:.)U . . . . .L how unfortunate!

IV to respond, reply (J! to sb or

question)

I 3265 I

.:J'YI Ul:>..;.:Ji ~I (J'

happened th i rty years ago

1110

wait until after Thursday to begin work

c: with sb (..)1 J.> about)

..

~

J.>IY' about; to answer, reply .:JI

J..lii L.. ...........)U) ,..j.J"i L.. ..ill) - ~4-:1>- c.i-"

,.l5 -,?j ~\.:..

Y' ) j JU -

When did he ask

for her hand in marriage? - Really, I don't

that or '-:"' with (a yes, a no); to comply J!

know, and unfortunately I can't ask Nizar

with (sb's request)

about someth i ng like th is

..,..!-.:Ji ~)) '11;.. ..!.lJLL ,->I~

-

,J).14 c:---I

question and I beg you to answer frankly 89

96131471

Listen, Tariq, I will ask you a

I 3397 I

, 1111 Jy..:. n. feeling, sentiment, awareness

1117 :)\.;\

v.

IV to report

:'y:'i that; to provide

'-:"' (information); to be useful, be effective (for sb) ..) t;J.:j

..b- '11

J:.l ~L.,. '1.#. .:JI .:J~ ~ ~ ~\';I .JY ..) .:J..,5)'..!...o ..,,; r-A: .r!-;..u..

I-,!~ IJ"""':' 4-i>b ..) ~i ..li i-,?..u) 4> ~ ~.l&- - The phrase "my boy" awoke within her

oGl.i J 1..;Jl,; She sai d t hat hi s death was a bi g loss to Iraq

Thi s

will lead th e hu man race t o ruin 88

The poverty rate

in t he Gaza Strip is t wice as hi gh as t he

and Australi a

I 3413 I

97 I 3068

I

15 Nationalities Arab

4331

~Jj)l.Y'

~J"I

American

4410

~J.:5

~I _- J""'.I

Israeli

466S

~L::....~.?

:S-;}

French

4728

~JJJI

ZJL..."....

European

4981

;)W _ ..r.

907

"Ua,.f. t,.J

British

5139

:;Jv.~

944

~I.r-l

Iranian

5311

~~"...

- '1

African

5469

German

5619 5783

~w'

Afghan

English

• . Jjl -r-'J •

Turkish

6994

~.,5

Cuban

Russian

7047

ZJL..

7968

:).J:....

Non-Arab

4S

\,.V·

107

85

Palestinian

233

~

.)If -"t,.J. W

Iraqi

S72

Lebanese

603

381

~.r-

Egyptian

479

177 212

Arab

~~Y-"

Saudi

578

~Jr"

Syrian

1087

878

t"i~)

Jordanian

1166

1063

:;'.,,5

Kuwaiti

1462

1266

~br"

Sudanese

1480

1371

~ .

from Gulf

1491

Moroccan

1640

1663

~.A.~

Algerian

1763

1689

~

Yemeni

1954

Libyan

2346

1405

1739

\S .:r ~ ..w...) o)..i4.I1 o~...\..!.

96 I 3113

.L,ll oJJ~ -

.:r .1?1.ri- J ib.;......1 d~ -I..r--4-- ~J '7'L.:. rJ ~ ........ ~I ...:...L..... jl.1-S..l>1 - As a young man

her 88 I 3365

I

Faisal worked as a statistical engi neer with one

1128 ~ v. I (a) to find ; meet, encounter sb/sth