Contemporary Musicians: Profiles of the People in Music, Volume 66

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ISSN 1044-2197

PROFILES OF THE PEOPLE IN MUSIC

Tracie Ratiner, Project Editor VOLUME 66 Includes Cumulative Indexes

Contemporary Musicians, Vol. 66

© 2010 Gale, Cengage Learning

Project Editor: Tracie Ratiner

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Contents

Estelle .................................................................................49

Introduction ..................................................................vii

Grammy award-winning British R&B singer Finger Eleven .....................................................................51

Cumulative Subject Index .........................................211

Canadian alternative rock band Flogging Molly ....................................................................54

Cumulative Musicians Index ....................................255

Irish American Celtic band Lily Allen ...............................................................................1

Dan Fogelberg ....................................................................57

British pop singer who sets ironic lyrics to sunny melodies Arctic Monkeys .....................................................................4

Highly successful singer/songwriter Fourplay ..............................................................................60 Grammy-nominated smooth jazz group

Pop rockers who had #1 selling debut album in British history Katie Armiger ........................................................................7

Michael Franti .....................................................................63 Socially conscious alternative rap musician

Contemporary country artist Louie Bellson ........................................................................9

The Fray .............................................................................67

Legendary jazz drummer Ian Brown ...........................................................................12

Frightened Rabbit ...............................................................70

British rock musician Lindsey Buckingham ..........................................................15

Glen Glenn .........................................................................72

Guitarist and composer who profoundly impacted Fleetwood Mac Neko Case ..........................................................................19

Pat Green ...........................................................................75

Grammy-nominated piano rock band Quirky Scottish indie rock group American rockabilly singer Contemporary country singer/songwriter Albert Hammond, Jr. ...........................................................78

Alternative country singer/songwriter Tracy Chapman ..................................................................22

Solo act of The Strokes’ guitarist Hiromi .................................................................................80

Powerful singer/songwriter with influential liberal politics City and Colour ...................................................................26

Japanese pianist and composer Eric Hutchinson ..................................................................83

Solo acoustic project of Dallas Green Eric Clapton ........................................................................29

Talented singer of upbeat folk and jazz-infused pop

Major legendary rock star and guitarist Billy Ray Cyrus ...................................................................34

Natalie Imbruglia .................................................................85

Country singer best known for hit ⬙Achy Breaky Heart⬙ Daft Punk ............................................................................38

India.Arie .............................................................................89

Australian singer/songwriter with an adult pop sound Grammy award-winning soulstress and songwriter

French progressive electronica duo

Colin James ........................................................................92

Deerhunter ..........................................................................41

Canadian singer and multi-instrumentalist

Experimental noise rock band

Kaiser Chiefs ......................................................................94

Brett Dennen ......................................................................43

English indie rock band

Singer/songwriter folk musician

La India Canela ..................................................................96

Val Emmich .........................................................................46

Talented accordian player who specializes in tipico-styled meringue

Pop rock singer/songwriter

v

vi • Contents

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Jenny Lewis ........................................................................98

Secret Machines ...............................................................157

Solo career of Rilo Kiley frontwoman LL Cool J ..........................................................................101

Three-piece alternative rock band Solange .............................................................................160

Longtime hip-hop superstar Patty Loveless ..................................................................105

Star sister who has demonstrated her own talent J.D. Souther ......................................................................163

Country singer who blends honky-tonk with heartrending ballads Humphrey Lyttelton ...........................................................109

Critically-acclaimed country rock musician Britney Spears ..................................................................165

British jazz musician and bandleader Anya Marina ......................................................................113 Multitalented American singer/songwriter Mates of State ..................................................................115 Kansas-based indie rock band John Mayer .......................................................................118 Popular musician who transitioned from acoustic rock to blues Jimmy McGriff ...................................................................122 Jazz and gospel-infused blues musician Metallica ............................................................................125 Influential heavy metal band My Morning Jacket ...........................................................129 Grammy-nominated alternative country/rock band Joan Osborne ...................................................................133 Critically-acclaimed singer/songwriter Kellie Pickler .....................................................................136 Contemporary country singer The Pussycat Dolls ...........................................................138 Dance-pop group that originated as a burlesque dance revue Q-Tip .................................................................................142 Hip-hop artist and singer Kenny Rankin ...................................................................145 Adult contemporary singer/songwriter Rise Against ......................................................................148 Chicago-based punk revival band Darius Rucker ...................................................................150 Solo career of Hootie & The Blowfish frontman Seal ...................................................................................153 Popular British soul vocalist

Pop phenomenon with major commercial success Esbjo¨rn Svensson .............................................................169 Swedish progressive jazz musician Robin Thicke .....................................................................171 Contemporary R&B singer/songwriter Thievery Corporation ........................................................174 Washington D.C.-based duo with a trip-hop, acid jazz style Travis ................................................................................178 British trad rock band Gianluigi Trovesi ...............................................................181 Major figure in the modern Italian jazz scene Derek Trucks ....................................................................183 Distinctive musician fusing blues with world music TV on the Radio ...............................................................186 New York-based band with a post-punk, electronic style Twisted Sister ...................................................................188 Classic heavy metal band with a glam rock image Umphrey’s McGee ............................................................191 Progessive rock jam band M. Ward ............................................................................194 Indie folk singer/songwriter Jimmy Wayne ...................................................................197 Contemporary country musician The Weepies ....................................................................200 Indie folk pop duo Norman Whitfield ..............................................................202 Songwriter and producer with an R&B/soul style William Elliott Whitmore ....................................................205 Deep-blues vocalist and musician Rachael Yamagata ...........................................................208 Adult alternative singer/songwriter and pianist

Introduction

Easy-to-locate data sections: Vital personal statistics, chronological career summaries, listings of major awards, and mailing addresses, when available, are prominently displayed in a clearly marked box on the second page of each entry.

Fills in the Information Gap on Today’s Musicians Contemporary Musicians profiles the colorful personalities in the music industry who create or influence the music we hear today. Prior to Contemporary Musicians, no quality reference series provided comprehensive information on such a wide range of artists despite keen and ongoing public interest. To find biographical and critical coverage, an information seeker had little choice but to wade through the offerings of the popular press, scan television “infotainment” programs, and search for the occasional published biography. Contemporary Musicians is designed to serve that information seeker, providing in one ongoing source in-depth coverage of the important names on the modern music scene in a format that is both informative and entertaining. Students, researchers, and casual browsers alike can use Contemporary Musicians to meet their needs for personal information about music figures; find a selected discography of a musician’s recordings; and uncover an insightful essay offering biographical and critical information.

Biographical/critical essays: Colorful and informative essays trace each subject’s personal and professional life, offer representative examples of critical response to the artist’s work, and provide entertaining personal sidelights. Selected discographies: Each entry provides a comprehensive listing of the artist’s major recorded works. Photographs: Many entries include portraits of the subject profiled. Sources for additional information: This invaluable feature directs the user to selected books, magazines, newspapers, and online sources where more information can be obtained.

Provides Broad Coverage

Helpful Indexes Make It Easy to Find the Information You Need

Single-volume biographical sources on musicians are limited in scope, often focusing on a handful of performers from a specific musical genre or era. In contrast, Contemporary Musicians offers researchers and music devotees a comprehensive, informative, and entertaining alternative. Contemporary Musicians is published twice per year, with each volume providing information on about 70 musical artists and recordindustry luminaries from all the genres that form the broad spectrum of contemporary music—pop, rock, jazz, blues, country, New Age, folk, rhythm and blues, Latin, gospel, bluegrass, rap, and reggae, to name a few—as well as selected classical artists who have achieved “crossover” success with the general public. Contemporary Musicians will also occasionally include profiles of influential nonperforming members of the music community, including producers, promoters, and record company executives. Additionally, beginning with Contemporary Musicians 11, each volume features new profiles of a selection of previous Contemporary Musicians listees who remain of interest to today’s readers and who have been active enough to require completely revised entries.

Each volume of Contemporary Musicians features a cumulative Musicians Index, listing names of individual performers and musical groups, and a cumulative Subject Index, which provides the user with a breakdown by primary musical instruments played and by musical genre.

Available in Electronic Formats Licensing. Contemporary Musicians is available for licensing. The complete database is provided in a fielded format and is deliverable on such media as disk or CD-ROM. For more information, contact Gale’s Business Development Group at (800) 877-GALE, or visit our website at www.gale.com/bizdev. Online. Contemporary Musicians is accessible online as part of the Gale Biographies (GALBIO) database accessible through LexisNexis, P.O. Box 933, Dayton, OH 454010933; phone: (937) 865-6800, toll-free: (800) 227-4908.

Includes Popular Features

We Welcome Your Suggestions

In Contemporary Musicians you’ll find popular features that users value:

The editors welcome your comments and suggestions for enhancing and improving Contemporary Musicians. If you

vii

viii • Introduction would like to suggest subjects for inclusion, please submit these names to the editor. Mail comments or suggestions to: The Editor Contemporary Musicians Gale 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 Or call toll free: (800) 877-GALE

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

S

inger Lily Allen is Britain’s latest musical export and “It” girl. In a few short years, this brash young performer has established herself with a singing career and television show and as a fashion icon, paving the way for a slew of young female performers who are following in her stiletto-heeled footsteps. Lily Rose Beatrice Allen was born on May 2, 1985, in Hammersmith, West London. She is the daughter of a film producer mom, Allison Owen, and an actor and musician dad, Keith Allen, so it was no surprise that she would follow her parents into the world of show business. The business had the family constantly working and traveling, and this took its toll on them all; Keith left the family when Lily was four, and she was raised by her mother. Growing up in this unconventional household forced her to discover her talents early on.

Lily Allen

Early Start in the Biz Allen made her show business debut at the age of three, on the British television show The Comic Strip Presents, in an episode co-written by her father. Two years later she appeared in the film Elizabeth, which was co-produced by her mother. Presented with these opportunities, a young Allen seemed destined for stardom. At the age of eleven, a teacher overheard her singing the Oasis tune “Wonderwall,” and suggested that Allen take singing lessons and enter a talent show. The gifted youth learned to play a variety of instruments, including the piano, violin, guitar, and trumpet, and performed in stage plays and with a chamber choir. After attending 13 different schools and getting expelled from several of them for drinking and smoking, she finally quit school at the age of 15. Taking her many talents along with her, she set out to experience life on her own. When a family trip took her to the island of Ibiza, Allen stayed on to explore the world of nightclubs and music there. Her many adventures led to her working in a record store, studying horticulture for a brief time, and selling the drug ecstasy to nightclub patrons. It was at a club where she met her first manager, George Lamb, who encouraged her singing career.

© Andy Rain/epa/Corbis

Singer, songwriter

At the age of 16, she was sent knocking on record company doors with a catalog of songs written by her father. Her persistency and her father’s connections paid off, and she landed her first record deal, with Warner Bros. subsidiary London Records in 2002. The record company tried to steer her music in a more folksy direction at a time when female singersongwriters were favored, but the recording deal fell through when the executive who had signed her left the company and the music was never released. In 2004 she hooked up with producers Future Cut, and soon after signed with Regal Records, an imprint of the Parlaphone label.

Allen • 1

For the Record . . .

B

orn on May 2, 1985, in Hammersmith, London,

England; daughter of Keith Allen (an actor and

musician) and Allison Owen (a film producer). Began singing and playing instruments in 1987, at age 11; signed record deal with Warner Bros., 2002; worked with Future Cut production team as songwriter, 2004; signed with Regal/Parlaphone, 2005; released debut album, Alright, Still, 2006; played Glastonbury Music Festival, 2007; started fashion label, Lily Loves, 2007; hosted BBC Three talk show Lily Allen and Friends, 2008; released second album, It’s Not Me, It’s You, 2009; worked as cover model for GQ, Marie Claire, Nylon, Bust, Spin, Glamour, and Q magazines, 200809; Face of Chanel handbags, 2009. Awards: Digital Music Awards, British Pop Artist, 2006; NME Awards, Worst Dressed, 2007; BMI Songwriting Award, for “Smile,” 2008; Glamour Woman of the Year Awards, Editors Special Award, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Capitol Records, 1750 N. Vine St.,12th Fl., Los Angeles, CA 90028, Web site: http://www.capitolrecords.com. Web site—Lily Allen Official Web site: http://www.lilyallenmusic.com.

Music & Myspace Allen’s frustration with the slow pace of the label in releasing her record had her posting her demos on the social networking and music Web site Myspace.com. This bold move was the catalyst that propelled her music career forward. The worldwide exposure garnered a solid and expanding fanbase and got the press talking about her. She quickly accrued thousands of online friends, who downloaded her songs through the Web site. The magazine Observer Music Monthly published an article about Allen’s sudden success by way of Myspace, and she appeared in a cover story a few months later. With the increasing demand for more of her music, the record label was forced to step up its production on the forthcoming album. The first single, “Smile,” quickly became the number one song on the U.K. singles chart in July of 2006. Allen later won a BMI Songwriting Award for the song. With her first hit single, Allen and her father, Keith, became the only father and daughter act to have had individual number one songs in England. Keith Allen was the co-writer of New

2 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Order’s only U.K. number one single, “World in Motion.” The pre-buzz on the upcoming album was strong. Before the album was even released in the United States, Entertainment Weekly dubbed it “one of the top ten albums of 2006.” Producers Mark Ronson and Greg Kurstin were called in to co-produce the debut album, titled Alright, Still. The album featured a mixture of danceable pop music with ska, soul, electronic, and hip-hop influences. Released in early 2007, it quickly climbed the U.K. album charts and broke into the Billboard Top 20 in the United States as well, debuting at number five. It was voted the “third best album of the year” by U.K. dance music magazine MixMag, and received five Brit Award nominations. In the United States, it received a Grammy nomination for Best Alternative Music Album, and the song “Littlest Things” helped earn producer Ronson a Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non Classical, in 2008. To date the album has sold over 2.5 million records. Allen was now performing at festivals and collaborating with everyone from British pop star Robbie Williams to rapper Dizzee Rascal, among others. She became known for her clever cover versions of 50 Cent’s “Window Shopper” and Britney Spears’s “Womanizer.” Accolades came quickly as Allen was named Best Pop Artist in the 2006 Digital Music Awards and was nominated for Best New Artist in the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards. Other Endeavors & Fame Allen’s feisty personality, complemented by her bold fashion choices, made her an instant fashion icon. Ironically, after winning an NME award for Worst Dressed in 2007, she was nominated for a Highstreet Fashion Award for Best Dressed Celebrity and won the Editors’ Special Award in the 2008 Glamour Woman of the Year Awards. She also made the covers of fashion magazines Marie Claire and Glamour. Allen branched out from music and started her own fashion label, LilyLoves, for dresses, shoes, and accessories. In yet another foray away from music, she hosted her own BBC talk show, Lily Allen and Friends, in 2008. Allen’s newfound fame drew controversy, as the press discovered her chequered past. Her acknowledgement of her drug use and her unabashed outspokenness during interviews had the media’s undivided attention. In her first interview with Michael Hubbard in Observer Music Monthly, she proclaimed, “I’m allowed to have views on things, aren’t I? Isn’t that the point of living?” She became tabloid gossip girl fodder for her public misbehavior, for assaulting paparazzi, and for her offhand comments about fellow pop stars. In a 2006 interview with GQ Magazine posted on the Popdirt.com Web site, she branded Madonna as “the

most overrated person in pop history.” She then stated that the singer was past her prime: “She might have meant something once but I don’t know many people my age who care.” Also in Popdirt.com, she said of singer Katy Perry, “I happen to know for a fact that she was an American version of me.” Allen kept fueling the fire with her bad girl image until her private life became public knowledge in 2008, when she suffered a miscarriage and split up with her then-boyfriend, DJ Ed Simons of the electronic act The Chemical Brothers. Moved Forward After this unfortunate incident she decided to move forward, and went to work writing music for her second album, It’s Not Me, It’s You. As a step in a more mature direction, the songs were darker and reflected on subjects such as racism, ageism, and drug dependency. Allen talked about the new album in an interview in Nylon Magazine, noting that “I touch upon politics quite a lot ѧ God, religion, relationships, age, sexism—all the non-controversial ones.” Allen wrote Parliament to back an amendment to an energy bill, and recorded at Studio A, the only solarpowered studio in Europe. She started performing benefit concerts for War Child, the International Child Protection Agency for children affected by war. She contributed her cover of The Clash’s anti-war song “Straight to Hell” to the Heroes compilation charity album, with special guest Mick Jones of The Clash accompanying her on guitar. She is also a staunch advocate for gay equality. As a result of her newfound social awareness, her fans have called her the “voice of a generation.” However, her public behavior still precedes her unofficial title. Just when her bad girl days seemed to be behind her, she was faced with another assault charge on a paparazzi-photographer, after he bumped her car in an attempt to get photos of the pop star. It’s Not Me, It’s You was released in early 2009, and the first single, “The Fear,” hit number one on the U.K. Singles charts for four weeks and was her second chart topper worldwide. NME writer Krissi Munson stated, “As the first of the bad girls through the door, its hard to know what Lily Allen has done more for, feminism or pop music.” She has opened the door for a new tribe of fresh, fiery, female British pop stars to step into the music scene. As of 2009, Lily Allen’s star continues to shine brightly. It is estimated that her songs have been listened to 36

million times on her Myspace page. She is the face of Chanel for their fall 2009 line of handbags and accessories, and has appeared as the cover model for ten entertainment and fashion magazines. She once again attracted controversy by appearing topless alongside two black panthers in a 2009 photo shoot for Q magazine. In an interview with family friend Damien Hirst in Interview magazine, she was asked, “How would you like to be remembered?” In answer, she declared, “I don’t care what people think of me now, so why would I care when I’m dead?” Her undeniable attitude will surely be remembered long after she ceases to top the charts.

Selected discography Alright, Still, EMI, 2006 It’s Not Me, It’s You, Capitol, 2009

Sources Periodicals Blender, January 2008. Entertainment Weekly, January 31, 2007. Interview, February 2009. Mixmag, December 2006. Nylon, 2009. Spin, January 2009. Q, April, 2009.

Online “Interview: Lily Allen,” Musicomh.com, http://www.musicomh. com/music/features/lily-allen_0806.htm (May 4, 2009). “Lily Allen,” Capitolrecords.com, http://www.lilyallenmusic. com/lily/ (April 27, 2009). “Lily Allen,” Lilyallenmusic.com, http://www.lilyallenmusic. com/lily/ (April 27, 2009). “Lily Allen,” Myspace, http://www.myspace.com/lilymusic (April 27, 2009). “Lily Allen Slams Katy Perry,” Popdirt.com, http://www. popdirt.com/lily-allen-slams-katy-perry-says-britneys-brill iant-tragic/70587/ (May 6, 2009). “Lily Allen Slams ‘Overrated Madonna,’” Popdirt.com, http:// www.popdirt.com/lily-allen-slams-overrated-madonna/ 51085/, (May 6, 2009). “NME Reviews,” NME, http://www.nme.com/reviews/lilyallen/10076 (April 27, 2009). “Pictures of Lily,” Observer Music Monthly, http://www.guard ian.co.uk/music/2006/may/21/popandrock.lilyallen (April 27,2009). —Sue Summers

Allen • 3

Arctic Monkeys Rock group

W

hen the Arctic Monkeys released Whatever People Say I Am, That’s What I’m Not in 2006, the album sold faster than any previous debut in U.K. history. The British indie quartet peddled some 360,000 copies of the album the first week of its release. “In terms of sheer impact ѧ we haven’t seen anything quite like this since The Beatles,” one music retailer told the BBC. The Arctic Monkeys went on the win the 2006 Mercury Prize, awarded annually for the best album produced in the U.K. or Ireland. They followed with 2007’s Favourite Worst Nightmare, which, like its predecessor, hit number one on the U.K. album chart. Started Band as Teens The Arctic Monkeys hail from Sheffield, England. Alex Turner, the band’s frontman and guitarist, grew up in Sheffield, the son of two teachers. His father taught music and his mother taught German. Turner took piano lessons as a child and grew up listening to The Beatles, courtesy of his parents, whose favorite song was “In My Life.” Along the way, Turner befriended Jamie Cook. With the notion of starting a band together, the two asked for—and received—guitars for Christmas in 2001 and started learning chords. Soon they were joined on bass by Andy Nicholson, a friend from school. They also recruited Matt Helders, who had known Turner since they were seven or eight years old. Helders agreed to play drums. Speaking to Prefix magazine’s Dave Park, Helders described their inspiration for wanting to start a band.

4 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

“At fifteen or sixteen, some of our friends were in bands that we used to go watch, and we kind of thought it looked like an interesting thing to do. You see people in bands and you wonder how you get into that industry—it looks like a lot of trouble. But it’s really quite easy to start a band up.” Cook came up with the band’s name while doodling on a textbook. At first, the group found songwriting hard. Then Turner realized he should just write about what he saw around Sheffield. The teens rehearsed for several months, and the Arctic Monkeys played their first gig in June of 2003, initially focusing on Sheffield-area clubs. Early on, they joined forces with Geoff Barradale, former singer for Seafruit, who agreed to be their manager. During those early days, Cook laid tile to support himself, while Turner worked in a clothing store and Helders worked as a DJ. The Arctic Monkeys made demo CDs, which they passed out for free at their shows. Fans posted the music online, which helped the Monkeys build their fan base. Helders told Park that the band members did not mind their music being swapped for free “because we never made those demos to make money or anything. ѧ That was a better way for people to hear them. And it made the gigs better, because people knew the words and came and sang along.” By 2005 the Arctic Monkeys were well known in the Northern England club circuit. That year they appeared at Britain’s Reading and Leeds Music Festivals and their shows began to sell out. In 2005 the Arctic Monkeys signed with Domino Records, an independent label.

Rose to Fame Quickly Through word of mouth and Internet swapping, the band’s popularity skyrocketed so quickly that even the Arctic Monkeys were astounded. When they hit London’s Astoria Theater in October of 2005, the show was sold out, despite having been moved twice to larger venues. Even though the group had yet to release an album, let alone a single, fans at the Astoria knew all of the words and drowned out Turner’s vocals through most of the concert. Nicholson was surprised by how quickly they gained recognition. “We’re just four blokes playing some music together,” the bassist told the London Independent’s David Sinclair. “But every night there seems to be more and more people out there. It’s kind of like there’s this storm around us and we’re at the eye of it.” In the fall of 2005, the Arctic Monkeys released their first single, “I Bet You Look Good on the Dancefloor,” a song about temptation. Music critic Iain Shedden, writing in the Weekend Australian, called the song “a fabulous three minutes of undiluted punk pop, bursting with the band’s frenetic, percussive, race-to-the-finish assault and Turner’s inventive, visceral wordplay.” The song, complete with falsetto backing vocals, debuted at

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Jamie Cook (born on July 8,

1985, in Sheffield, England), guitar; Matt

Helders (born in 1986 in Sheffield, England), drums, backing vocals; Andy Nicholson (founding member; left band in 2006), bass; Nick O’Malley (born on July 5, 1985, in Sheffield, England; replaced Nicholson, 2006), bass, backing vocals; Alex Turner (born in 1986 in Sheffield, England), lead vocals, guitar. Group formed in Sheffield, England, 2002; played first gig, Sheffield, 2003; signed with Domino Records, released hit single “I Bet You Look Good on the Dancefloor,” 2005; released debut album, Whatever People Say I Am, That’s What I’m Not, 2006; released Favou-

London. So newspapers and people like that thought, ‘What the ---- is this? Must be the Internet!’ Well, the song’s pretty good, too.” In January of 2006, the Arctic Monkeys released another single, “When the Sun Goes Down,” which rose straight to number one on the U.K. singles chart. Within weeks, the Arctic Monkeys released their debut album, Whatever People Say I Am, That’s What I’m Not. The album included the band’s previously released hot singles, as well as eleven other tracks, many with literary-sounding names, such as the punk-funk opener, “The View from the Afternoon,” and “You Probably Couldn’t See for the Lights but You Were Staring Straight At Me.” The disc also included “Mardy Bum,” a song about an irritable ex-girlfriend. The album sold 118,501 copies the first day, which amounted to about 5,000 copies an hour. The first week it outsold all of the other U.K. Top 20 albums combined. When the album was released in Australia, it went straight to number one.

rite Worst Nightmare, 2007. Awards: Mercury Prize, for Whatever People Say I Am, That’s What I’m Not, 2006; NME (New Musical Express) Awards: Best New Band, Best U.K. Band, Best Track, for “I Bet You Look Good on the Dancefloor,” 2006; PLUG Independent Music Award, New Artist of the Year, 2007; British Recording Industry Trust (BRIT) Awards, Best U.K. Band, Best British Album, for Whatever People Say I Am, That’s What I’m Not, 2007; NME Awards, Best Album for Whatever People Say I Am, That’s What I’m Not, Best DVD for “Scummy Man,” 2007; BRIT Awards, Best U.K. Band, Best Al-

Writing in the London Observer, music critic Craig McLean declared that the Arctic Monkeys’ quick rise to fame was no fluke. He noted that the songs on their debut album, “are pretty much uniformly excellent.” McLean, who spent several months on the road with the band, credited Turner—a “poet-chronicler of the times”—with helping push the band to the forefront. “His eye for detail, economy and turn of phrase are amazingly solid. You might not believe anyone could write a narratively coherent anthem about a late-night taxi journey (‘Red Light Indicates Doors Are Secured’) or an evocative ballad about watching the cops trundle round the corner (‘Riot Van’). Alex can. He has an alchemical touch, the ability to transform the base stuff of life into solid gold rock ’n’ roll.”

bum, for Favourite Worst Nightmare, 2008; NME Awards, Best British Band, Best Track for “Flourescent

Lost Founding Member, Yet Thrived

Adolescent,” Best Video for “Teddy Picker,” 2008. Addresses: Management—Wildlife Entertainment, c/o Ian McAndrew, Unit F, 21 Heathmans Rd., London, SW6 4TJ United Kingdom. Record company—Domino Recording Co., P.O. Box 47029, London, SW18 1WD, United Kingdom. Web site—Arctic Monkeys Official Web site: http://www.arcticmonkeys.com.

number one on the U.K. singles chart, much to the surprise of British music insiders. Because the Arctic Monkeys had not signed with any major label and did not promote themselves in the press or on the radio, the song’s instant popularity caught the music world off guard. “We didn’t do any promotion,” Helders told Mark Binelli of Rolling Stone. “There were no posters around

The Arctic Monkeys toured heavily in Europe in mid2006 and sustained their first casualty. Nicholson, the band’s 19-year-old bass player, took a leave of absence just before the group kicked off its 2006 North American tour. Nicholson said he was worn out from the constant touring. “People think that it’s a glamorous life on the road, but it’s really not,” the band’s PR agent, Anton Brookes, told Sinclair. Nick O’Malley, a friend from Sheffield and member of the Dodgems, took over on bass. For O’Malley, it was trial by fire—he had about two weeks to learn the band’s songs. O’Malley practiced by playing along with the group’s CDs. In 2007 the Arctic Monkeys released another album, Favourite Worst Nightmare, which included “Fluorescent Adolescent,” a song featuring a woman reminiscing about her more rowdy younger days. The album’s success helped the band win the award for Best U.K. Band at the 2008 BRIT awards, as well as Best British Album. Over the years, the Arctic Monkeys have

Arctic Monkeys • 5

worked to distance themselves from the popular press, preferring instead to let the music speak for itself. They frequently shun interviews and promotions. On tour in Paris, they canceled an entire day’s worth of interviews because members were not interested in playing the fame game. “We’ve been offered all kinds of things, from all kinds of corporations,” Barradale told Perry. “But when a phone company rings up and says, ‘We’ll give you a couple of hundred grand for doing half an hour on the side of the River Thames for some kind of launch,’ the answer’s no. As a band, they’re not into celebrity, fame or any of the side issues.” One thing that aggravates band members is the constant press coverage mentioning how the Internet made them famous. Band profiles constantly note how their music snaked across the Internet through their Web site and MySpace profile. Members insist that fans created the MySpace site and they never uploaded any songs. The Arctic Monkeys, however, believe they have been successful because of their music. As their manager quipped to McLean, “It was good old rock ’n’ roll values, plus the Internet.” He went on to credit the band’s songs, too, noting that no amount of Internet hype or marketing would matter if the songs were poor. “You can’t polish a turd,” he said. The Arctic Monkeys took a break through most of 2008 and reconvened to play at New Zealand’s Big Day Out festival in January of 2009. During the time off, Turner made a disc of orchestral rock with his friend Miles Kane, using the name The Last Shadow Puppets. Helders spent his time compiling tunes for a “Late Night Tales” DJ-mixed CD. By early 2009, the Arctic Monkeys were working on a new record. Speaking to the Sydney Morning Herald’s Bernard Zuel, Helders discussed the progress and pitfalls of making new music and whether new influences had crept into their repertoire during their break. “I don’t know how to compare it. It’s not like a massive change. You can obviously tell it’s us. There are a couple that are heavier moments but there’s still some nice ones with melodies.”

6 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Selected discography Singles “I Bet You Look Good on the Dancefloor,” Domino, 2005. “When the Sun Goes Down,” Domino, 2006. “Leave Before the Lights Come On,” Domino, 2006. “Fluorescent Adolescent,” Domino, 2007. “Brainstorm,” Domino, 2007.

Albums Whatever People Say I Am, That’s What I’m Not, Domino, 2006. Favourite Worst Nightmare, Domino, 2007. Arctic Monkeys: At the Apollo, Domino, 2009.

Sources Periodicals Daily Telegraph (London, England), February 2, 2006, p. 23; January 2, 2009, p. 42. Evening Standard (London, England), January 27, 2006, p. 36. Independent (London, England), May 26, 2006, p. 12. New Musical Express, February 21, 2008. Observer Magazine (London, England), January 1, 2006, p. 10. Rolling Stone, March 23, 2006, p. 18. Sydney Morning Herald, January 16, 2009, p. 4 (Metro). Weekend Australian Magazine, July 14, 2007, p. 24.

Online “Arctic Monkeys: Aren’t Fooling Around (Part 1 of 2),” Prefix, http://www.prefixmag.com/features/arctic-monkeys/arentfooling-around-part-1-of-2/12565/ (March 18, 2009). “Arctic Monkeys Make Chart History,” BBC News, http://www. news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4660394.stm (March 18, 2009). “Fast and Furious,” Guardian, http://www.guardian.co.uk/ music/2005/sep/30/popandrock.arcticmonkeys (March 18, 2009). —Lisa Frick

Katie Armiger Singer, songwriter

O

ne in a group of teenage young women to make an impact in the country genre in the twenty-first century’s first decade, Katie Armiger has been widely recognized as a rising star. Like Taylor Swift, with whom she has been compared, Armiger has shown talent beyond the norm both as a vocalist and, more unusually for an artist of high school age, as a songwriter. Working hard at promoting her career after winning a radio station contest in her hometown of Houston, Texas, Armiger gained attention in Nashville and plunged into the complicated process of finding the right collaborators and getting exposure for her music. Country journalist Jim Asker, quoted by Joey Guerra of the Houston Chronicle, called Armiger “one of the most pure and refreshing talents to come along in a very long time.” Katie Armiger was born on June 23, 1991, in Houston, Texas, and grew up in the suburban community of Sugar Land. Her parents, Tom Armiger and Natalie Green, were divorced and both had remarried, bringing Katie a group of six supportive siblings. Armiger’s musical orientation became clear when she was little more than a toddler. “When I was five and in daycare, I would always get in trouble because I would run around, and then I would get put in time out,” she recalled to the Chronicle’s Kim Hughes. “But in time out, I would sing. They would have to find different ways to punish me. I would sing anything I could think of, even ‘Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star.’” And her talent for drawing creatively on her own experiences appeared at the same time, with a song called “I Don’t Care if I’m in Time Out.”

Continuing to write poems and songs in a personal journal, Armiger developed a powerhouse voice resembling that of country star Patty Loveless. When she was 14 she entered the Houston’s Best Country Singer contest mounted by radio station KKBQ, competing against 150 other youngsters in the contest’s junior division. After eight weeks of performances, Armiger took home the first prize with a rendition of “Whatever You Say,” a challenging piece that had been a hit for diva vocalist Martina McBride. In addition to a $1,000 cash award, the honors included an opportunity to record a two-song demo in Nashville. With her family’s support, Armiger went to Nashville and made the most of her chance. Entering the studio with producer Mark Oliverius, a veteran of recording work with such artists as Lorrie Morgan and Sammy Kershaw, she quickly overcame initial jitters and recorded a pair of songs, “Still” and “Beautiful in Me,” that were strong enough to appear on her debut album, Katie Armiger. Oliverius, impressed, became Armiger’s mentor and worked to develop her songwriting talent. “Mark has a way of putting me at ease and letting me find my way through a song,” Armiger recalled on her Web site. “During the beginning stages of the album he would give me a sample of music and I would write the words. Then I would give him words and he would compose the song. We got into a groove that worked for both of us and I’m really pleased with the result.” That result set Armiger apart from the crowd, for she ended up co-writing seven of her debut album’s eleven songs—an impressive total for a country singer of any age. Creative impulses seized the young songwriter while she was going about the business of being a teenager. She wrote part of one song, “Insanity,” on a paper plate, while another, “Hard Road,” took shape on a chewing gum wrapper. Another key collaborator was Armiger’s contemporary and best friend, Nashville Star contestant Ashlee Hewitt. As work on the album progressed, Armiger maintained an A average at Sugar Land’s Austin High School while commuting to Nashville to write and record. Katie Armiger was released on Houston’s Cold River label in the summer of 2007, when Armiger was 16. In the summer of her sophomore year at Austin, Armiger toured the country with Cold River president Pete O’Heeron, who also served as her manager. The aim was to promote Katie Armiger and its leadoff single, “17 in Abilene,” a song with the durably popular theme of young people in love and longing for the road. The song gained regional radio airplay in several southern states, and “Insanity,” “Hard Road,” and other songs from the album were realistic treatments of the emotional lives of teenagers. Armiger’s videos landed on the CMT and GAC cable networks and even were broadcast in Europe. The video for her second single, “Make Me Believe,” directed by Kristin Barlowe, dealt

Armiger • 7

For the Record . . .

B

orn on June 23, 1991, in Houston, TX. Educa-

tion: Attended Austin High School, Sugar Land,

TX; took online high school courses. Won country singing contest sponsored by radio station KKBQ at age 14; signed to Cold River label, released Katie Armiger, 2007; released Believe, 2008; released new singles, “I Guess That’s Love” and “Trail of Lies,” 2009. Awards: Best Country Singer, junior division, contest sponsored by radio station KKBQ. Addresses: Record company—Cold River Records, Pete O’Heeron, 17300 El Camino Real, Ste. 110, Houston, TX 77058. Web site—Katie Armiger Official Web site: http://www.katiearmiger.musiccitynetworks.com.

with the topic of abuse, although the lyrics of the song itself were more innocent. Armiger clearly was facing a choice between the normal life of a teenager and the high-pressure ways of a young artist trying to find the way to stardom. “I was the first one to sit her down and say ‘This is not just a fun, easy road ahead of you. Are you sure you want to do this?’” Armiger’s mother told Hughes. “She said, ‘Mom, if I had my choice, of course I would love for all this to come when I finish high school and college. But it’s happening right now, and this is my one shot. I just have to take it.’” Armiger enrolled as a junior at Austin High, but music was taking up more and more of her time and energy. She thought about attending Austin’s junior prom but bowed out after learning that the Academy of Country Music Awards were scheduled for the same day. “On the scale of things, I think the ACMs go ahead of prom,” she told Guerra. During her junior year, Armiger began taking online courses and spending most of her time in Nashville. On trips back home to Texas, she told

8 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Guerra, “I say hello to my parents, wash my clothes and leave.” All the work paid off in the form of increased exposure for Armiger’s sophomore release, Believe, which appeared early in the summer of 2008 and was mostly produced by Jonathan Lawson. Once again, Armiger co-wrote much of the material for the album, including the Evanescence-style (and Hewitt-produced) ballad “Bleed.” She signed autographs at the CMA Music Festival (formerly known as Fan Fair) in Nashville, a longstanding event that allowed her to begin building a fan base from among the crowd of some 200,000 country music lovers. Even in 2008, Armiger was still mostly a hometown phenomenon, but her reputation continued to grow. In the early spring of 2009 she began to make chart impacts with a new single, “Trail of Lies.” Its video made GAC’s top 20, supported by a live appearance by Armiger on the CBS Early Show—her first appearance on national television—in March. Another new single, “I Guess That’s Love,” went on sale on the iTunes download service the following month. She seemed to be on the brink of achieving her dreams.

Selected discography Katie Armiger, Cold River, 2007. Believe, Cold River, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Houston Chronicle, May 30, 2007, p. 1; July 12, 2007, p. 2; August 21, 2007, p. 1; January 23, 2008, p. 2; July 8, 2008, p. 1.

Online “About,” Katie Armiger Official Web site, http://www.katiearmiger.musiccitynetworks.com/index.htm?id=15727 (April 24, 2009). “Katie Armiger,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 24, 2009). —James M. Manheim

A

Louie Bellson Percussionist, composer

s one of several famed jazz bandleaders who employed the pioneering percussionist Louie Bellson, Duke Ellington had high praise for his longtime bandmate: “Not only is Louie Bellson the world’s greatest drummer, he’s the world’s greatest musician!,” Ellington was quoted as saying by Don Heckman in the Los Angeles Times. Ellington’s enthusiastic evaluation was only slightly excessive. Generally recognized as one of the greatest drummers in the history of jazz over a career lasting more than 70 years, Bellson had a versatile talent that extended from the big band drumming with which he began his career to the leadership of bands of his own. He appeared on more than 200 recordings. Bellson also composed more than 1,000 pieces, including several jazz standards.

Louie Bellson was born on July 6, 1924, in the small northern Illinois town of Rock Falls, near Moline. His birth name was Luigi Paulino Alfredo Francesco Antonio Balassoni, and his parents were first-generation immigrants from Naples, Italy. His father, Louis Sr., owned a music store and gave lessons on the instruments he sold. “He knew every aria from every opera,” Bellson recalled to the Daily Gazette of Sterling, Illinois. All the Bellson children were required to study musical instruments, but they were allowed to focus on the

AP Images

Bellson • 9

For the Record . . .

B

orn Luigi Paulino Alfredo Francesco Antonio Bal-

assoni on July 6, 1924, in Rock Hills, IL; died on

February 14, 2009, in Los Angeles, CA; son of Louis Sr. (a music store owner and music teacher); married Pearl Bailey (a vocalist), 1952 (deceased); children: Dee Dee and Debra; married Francine Hughes (a computer programmer), 1992. Education: Studied drums with Roy Knapp, Chicago, IL. Joined Ted Fio Rito Orchestra, 1941; joined Benny Goodman big band, 1942; military service, 1943–46; performed with Tommy Dorsey and Harry James big bands, late 1940s; led bands and small ensembles intermittently, beginning 1950s; performed with Duke Ellington big band, 1951–53; musical director for vocalist Pearl Bailey, beginning 1953; performed on Jazz at the Philharmonic concert series, 1954–55; performed with

led Red, in residence at the Rendezvous, spotted the youngster’s talent and offered him regular chances to sit in. Bellson also took lessons from his father and then from the Chicago drummer Roy Knapp, the teacher of Benny Goodman Orchestra percussion great Gene Krupa. When he was 16 or 17, Bellson entered the Slingerland National Gene Krupa drumming competition, a national elimination tournament that began with 40,000 contenders and ended in New York, with Krupa himself as judge picking Bellson as the winner. Soon Bellson had joined the Ted Fio Rito orchestra, and he traveled with that group to Hollywood in 1941. There he attracted the attention of Freddie Goodman, the brother and manager of clarinetist and bandleader Benny Goodman. Bellson joined Goodman’s band in 1942, put his career on hiatus while he served in the military during World War II, and rejoined the Goodman band in 1946. In the late 1940s Bellson did stints in the big bands of Tommy Dorsey and Harry James. He was a special favorite of Dorsey, who liked to show off his young drummer’s ferocious appetite by ordering him six T-bone steaks in a restaurant; Bellson had no trouble finishing them all.

Dorsey Brothers (1955–56), Count Basie (1962), Duke Ellington (1965–1966), and Harry James (1966) big bands; continued to record for jazz labels including Concord and Pablo. Awards: National Endowment for the Arts, Jazz Masters award, 1994; Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, Jazz Legends award, 2007; American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP), Jazz Living Legend Award; Avedis Zildjian Co., American Drummers Achievement Award; winner, Slingerland National Gene Krupa drumming competition.

ones that interested them the most. For Louie that decision came early: at age three he pointed out the drums in a parade, and soon after that he was taking lessons. Tap Danced in Debut With his father’s music store as an educational home base, Bellson broadened his musical experiences. Bellson’s father insisted that he study piano, which he resented at the time but later credited with his development as a composer. A Moline watering hole called the Rendezvous introduced Bellson to nightclub work, both as a drummer and as a tap dancer, a skill also possessed by Bellson’s contemporary Buddy Rich and several other jazz drummers. The blues pianist Speck-

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Bellson had devised the unusual technique of using two bass drums while he was still a high school student, and the technique would influence drummers even beyond the jazz sphere. But the emergence of the bebop style in the late 1940s demanded a lighter touch, as saxophonist Lester Young explained to Bellson. “I was used to driving a big band—four solid beats on the bass drum,” Bellson said in a JazzTimes interview quoted by Heckman. “Coming from that to bebop, I still liked to drop bombs now and then. Then Lester Young came to me once and said, ‘Lou, just play titty-bop, titty-bop and don’t drop no bombs.’ That’s when I got it, putting all that energy up into the right hand, playing on the cymbal. And I loved it.” The new variety of techniques helped Bellson emerge from the big bands into small groups that he fronted himself, and beginning in the 1950s he recorded prolifically under his own name for Verve, Pablo, Concord Jazz, and other labels. Joined Ellington Orchestra While performing with James’s group, Bellson met veteran trombonist Juan Tizol, who had recently returned to the Duke Ellington Orchestra. The meeting had two important consequences for Bellson. First, Bellson became one of a group of musicians who moved from the James group to Ellington’s famed big band around 1951, and a long relationship between the two musicians began. Bellson not only got the opportunity to apply his skills to the Ellington group’s sophisticated arrangements; he also contributed creatively in the form of compositions of his own that Ellington performed and recorded. Two of the most notable of these were “Skin Deep” and “The Hawk Talks.”

The other consequence of Bellson’s encounter with Tizol was his first marriage. The trombonist suggested that Bellson should meet vocalist Pearl Bailey, and the two said hello at an Ellington band engagement in Washington, D.C. Bellson took Tizol’s advice to heart, and he and Bailey were married in London, England, after a courtship lasting a mere four days. The marriage would endure until Bailey’s death in 1990, and their union produced two daughters, Dee Dee and Debra. As an interracial couple, Bellson and Bailey were a rarity at the time, and even Bellson’s presence in the Ellington band still raised eyebrows. Bellson was Ellington’s first white musician, and during some dates in some Southern cities, Ellington would claim that Bellson was of Haitian background. Appeared on Jazz at the Philharmonic In 1953 Bellson left Ellington temporarily to become Bailey’s musical director. His activities in the 1950s and 1960s included an association with the Jazz at the Philharmonic concert series, in which he accompanied top soloists such as pianist Oscar Peterson and vocalist Ella Fitzgerald, as well as appearing solo or in spectacular percussion duets with Rich. Bellson toured with the Tommy and Jimmy Dorsey big band and the Count Basie band, appearing in Europe as well as the United States. He made special appearances with Ellington and made a more extended return to the Ellington band in 1965, appearing as part of Ellington’s First Sacred Concert that year. By that time the big bands had a diminished presence on the touring scene, but Bellson’s career never really slowed down. He continued to record frequently, assembling a re-creation in 1993 of Ellington’s suite Black, Brown & Beige, but he also focused on his own compositions in some of his later work. He extended Ellington’s sacred music experiments with The Sacred Music of Louie Bellson, forming his own label, Percussion Power, to showcase his accomplishments. Bellson’s composition The Jazz Ballet featured a unique mixture of big band, strings, and chorus. With trumpeter Clark Terry, he released his last album, Louie & Clark Expedition, Vol. 2, in 2007. Bellson also composed several instructional books and pamphlets, including Guide to Big Band Drumming (R. Brown, 1975). Depressed after Bailey’s death, he married computer engineer Francine Wright two years later. He earned several major awards in later life, including a Jazz Masters award from the National Endowment for

the Arts and a Living Legend award from New York’s Kennedy Center. His career was slowed only at the very end of his life by a broken hip. Bellson died in Los Angeles on February 14, 2009.

Selected discography Louis Bellson and His Drums, Norgran, 1954. Louis Bellson Quintet, Norgran, 1954. The Driving Louis Bellson, Norgran, 1955. Drumorama!, Verve, 1957. Live in Stereo at the Flamingo Hotel, Vol. 1, Jazz Hour, 1959. The Brilliant Bellson Sound, Verve, 1960. Around the World in Percussion, Roulette, 1961. Louie in London, DRG, 1970. The Louis Bellson Explosion, Pablo, 1975. Louie Bellson’s 7, Concord Jazz, 1976. Dynamite, Concord Jazz, 1979. The London Gig, Pablo, 1982. East Side Suite, Music Masters, 1987. The Best of Louie Bellson, Pablo, 1990. Peaceful Thunder, Music Masters, 1991. Air Bellson, Concord Jazz, 1996. The Art of Chart, Concord Jazz, 1998. The Sacred Music of Louie Bellson/The Jazz Ballet, Percussion Power, 2000. Sticks on Fire, Ocium, 2003. (With Clark Terry) Louie & Clark Expedition, Vol. 2, Percussion Power, 2007.

Sources Periodicals Daily Gazette (Sterling, IL), February 17, 2009. Guardian (London, England), February 18, 2009, p. 32. Independent (London, England), February 18, 2009, p. 32. Jet, August 1, 1994, p. 32. New York Times, February 17, 2009, p. B9.

Online “Louie Bellson,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 30, 2009). “Louie Bellson dies at 84,” Los Angeles Times, http://www. latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-louis-bellson17-2009 feb17,0,3130907.story (April 30, 2009). “1994 NEA Jazz Master: Louie Bellson,” National Endowment for the Arts, http://www.nea.gov/national/jazz/jmCMS/ master.php?id=1994_01 (April 30, 2009). —James M. Manheim

Bellson • 11

T

he ability to maintain a successful solo career after a breakup of a band is no easy task, but Ian Brown managed to accomplish this and disprove the critics and naysayers who said it couldn’t be done. Hailing from The Stone Roses, one of the most revered bands of the Manchester, England, music scene of the late 1980s and early 1990s, frontman Brown continued to make music long after the band’s untimely demise.

Ian Brown

Born in the industrial town of Warrington, Cheshire, England, Brown’s family later moved to Manchester, where he attended the Altrincham Grammar School for Boys for a brief period along with friend and future bandmate, John Squire. The schoolboy chums were soon discovering a different type of education through music. Influenced by the punk rock scene and bands The Sex Pistols and The Clash, the two began playing music together in a cover band called The Patrol in 1980. This short-lived band evolved into the first edition of The Stone Roses in 1984. The Rise of King Monkey and The Stone Roses

Singer, songwriter At his twenty-first birthday party, the young Brown was introduced to soul legend Geno Washington and upon their meeting, according to the Guardian, Washington told Brown that he was a star and should start singing. Brown took that to heart and became the frontman he was meant to be. He earned the nickname “King Monkey” for his hip swagger, rockstar-shag haircut and commanding stage presence.

Dan Kitwood/Getty Images

As the premier band of the burgeoning, newly-dubbed “Madchester” scene at the time, The Stone Roses caught the attention of musician/producer Peter Hook of New Order fame, who offered them studio time to record their music. The unemployed bandmates took him up on the offer; as Hook was a proficient producer, and had also been in Joy Division, the first concert Brown ever attended at the Bowden Vale Social Hall in 1978. Recalling the producer’s generosity decades later, Brown thanked Hook again while accepting the Q Legend Award in 2007.

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The Stone Roses were a heralded band at the time, even with only two albums to their credit. Their recorded efforts consisted of the highly acclaimed 1989 debut album, The Stone Roses, which featured the sublime single “I Wanna Be Adored,” and their most popular song, “Fool’s Gold.” The Stone Roses is now considered one of the top British albums of all time, according to the BBC News. Struggles with their record company delayed their follow-up album, The Second Coming, and it was released four years later in 1994. The album was a musical departure from their earlier works but produced another hit single, “Love Spreads.” The band broke up two years later in 1996 with cofounder John Squire’s departure following intra-band

For the Record . . .

B

orn Ian George Brown on February 20, 1963, in

Howley, Warrington, Cheshire, England; son of

George and Jean Brown; married Fabiola Quiroz Brown, 1999; children: Emilio (with Brown), Frankie and Casey. Education: Heyes Lane Infant and Junior School, Altrincham Grammar School for Boys. Played cover song sets with John Squire as The Patrol in Manchester, England, beginning 1980; joined The Waterfront with Squire and Gary Mounfield, 1983; Alan Wren joined the group, which became The Stone Roses, c. 1984; group signed with Silvertone Records a subsidiary of Jive /Zomba, released debut album, The Stone Roses, 1989; released Second Coming, 1994; group dissolved, 1996; Brown released debut solo album, Unfinished Monkey Business, Polydor, 1998; released Golden Greats, 1999; Music of the Spheres, 2001; released Solarized on Fiction, 2004; The World Is Yours, 2007. Awards: Muso Award, Best Single, for Whispers, 2002; NME Award, Best Solo Artist, 2002, and Godlike Ge-

ments years later in his acceptance speech for the Q Legend Award as posted on the Awards Web site: “To all the music makers here, keep doing what you’re doing and to all you journalists, keep slagging us off cause it makes us hungry.” Brown soldiered on, going in his own distinct direction, and he launched his solo career with 1998’s Unfinished Monkey Business. He has subsequently released six solo albums and one compilation, and has produced 12 U.K. top 40 singles. A consummate showman, he became a festival favorite and continued to perform at music festivals all across Europe and at the Rockit Hong Kong Music Festival in China. His early love of soul and reggae music continued to infuse his music, and his ever-evolving tastes from years of world travel incorporated techno and hip hop influences into his widely expanding repertoire. During his solo years, Brown garnered several nominations for Best British Solo Artist in the Brit Awards, and he collected the NME Godlike Genius Award in 2006 and the aforementioned Q Legend Award in 2007. All this to a man who early in his career adapted an anti-rock star stance and at first refused to sign autographs, not understanding that this upset his fans. He told the Guardian that his reason for refusing was, “‘No, I’m just a nob like you. Why’d you want my autograph?’ So I gave up on that, I had to learn that people do want heroes.”

squabbles and increasing drug use. The pioneers of the Manchester scene were one of the most influential U.K. indie bands of the 1990s. They inspired and were imitated by a slew of bands from The Charlatans to The Verve to Oasis, with the last band far surpassing their own success.

However, his solo career wasn’t all roses, as even the flurry of accolades on his triumphant return to the music scene was met with some critics still questioning his musical efforts. In a review for his third solo album, Music of Spheres, journalist Alex Routledge of the In Music We Trust Web site commented, “The first album, Unfinished Monkey Business, was a brave but somehow disorientated attempt to recreate his past success whilst Golden Greats marked a new direction for him. In the eyes of most critics, however, he is yet to either recreate or surpass his work with The Stone Roses.” Oddly, later in the same review Routledge concluded that “Music of The Spheres takes Ian Brown to another level. This album remoulds him as the aloof and respected star he has always aspired to be and he should retain his position as a successful but fiercely independent solo artist.”

Going Solo

Unsinkable Ian Brown

After the Roses split up, Brown, according to the Guardian, was widely regarded as “The Man Least Likely To,” so he set out to prove his detractors wrong. In an interview with London’s Guardian, he was asked if it bothered him that so many people wrote him off so soon, and replied, “No! [These] people feed you. If somebody doesn’t like me I can feel that 100 yards away. So immediately they are giving you dinner and dessert, knowwhatImean?” He echoed these senti-

Brown’s personal life was also rocked by drug problems and troubles with the law. In 1998 he was sentenced to a four-month stint in Strangeways jail for “air rage” after threatening a stewardess with plastic cutlery and offering to cut her hands off during the flight. The arrest resulted in a spate of “Free Ian Brown” graffiti around Manchester. He was later arrested for assault during a San Francisco show in 2005, but no charges were brought. While these incidents cemented his so-

nius Award, 2006; Q Legend Award, 2007. Addresses: Record company—Universal Records, 1755 Broadway, New York, NY 10019, Web site: http:// www.umusic.com. Web site—Ian Brown Official Web site: http://www.ianbrown.co.uk.

Brown • 13

called “punk” reputation, it kept Brown in the news but away from his music. Settling into marriage with children in 1999 helped keep him on track and making music again. The first single off his 2004 release Solarized had Brown collaborating with Oasis’s Noel Gallagher. The song, “Keep What Ya Got,” reached number 18 on the U.K. singles chart. It was an interesting collaboration, because the Gallagher brothers had often admitted that Oasis’s music and style was influenced by The Stone Roses. Brown’s fifth album, The World is Yours, presented a more political approach to his music. As an early follower of the punk scene, Brown realized that music could be political and liberating. The anti-war single “Illegal Attacks” featured guest vocals by Sinead O’Connor. Another single, “Sister Rose,” featured guest musicians and longtime music idols Steve Jones and Paul Cook of the Sex Pistols, along with fellow Mancunian and Happy Mondays bassist Paul Ryder. Another guest on two tracks was ex-Smiths bassist Andy Rourke. The album made it to number 99 on the European Top 100 album list in 2007. For his upcoming sixth release, Brown teamed up with co-writer Dave McCracken for a new album titled My Way due to be released in September of 2009. His music is often used on soundtracks for television shows and movies. Brown also made a cameo appearance in 2004 as a wizard in the third Harry Potter movie, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, but an acting career is not in his plans. After two decades and several solo albums, Brown is still mostly known for his former band. After years of shrugging off music journalists’ repeated inquiries about a Stone Roses reunion, Brown finally put that question to rest. In an interview with Filter magazine he said, “It really feels like a lifetime ago. It’s really not on my mind. It’s not really one of my ambitions.” Recent rumors and statements from former bandmates had suggested that a reunion might be in the works on the twentieth anniversary of their eponymous debut in 2009. Brown is the only holdout, and he continues on his own musical path. His body of work has proven that the critics’ early prognoses were incorrect. His solo recorded efforts and live performances continue on, long after critics had written him off with the demise of The Stone Roses.

Selected discography Singles “Kiss Ya Lips,” Fiction, 1997. “Time is My Everything,” Fiction, 1997.

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“My Star,” Polydor, 1997. “Can’t See Me,” Polydor, 1998. “Love Like a Fountain,” Polydor, 1999. “Dolphins Were Monkeys,” Polydor, 2000. “Golden Gaze,” Polydor, 2000. “F.E.A.R.,” Polydor, 2001. “Whispers,” Polydor, 2002. “Keep What Ya Got,” Fiction, 2004. “Illegal Attacks,” 2007.

With The Stone Roses The Stone Roses, Zomba, 1989. Second Coming, Geffen, 1994.

Solo Unfinished Monkey Business, Polydor, 1998. Golden Greats, Polydor, 1999. Music of the Spheres, Polydor, 2001. Remixes of the Spheres, Compilation, Universal, 2002. Solarized, Fiction, 2004. The Greatest (compilation), Koch, 2005. The World Is Yours, Fiction, 2007. May Way, Fiction, to be released in 2009.

Sources Periodicals Filter, March 2004. Mojo, May 2002.

Online “Awards,”Q http://www2.qawards.co.uk/2007/10/ian_brown_ legend.html (April 15, 2009). “Ian Brown Biography,”Contactmusic.com, http://www.con tactmusic.com/new/artist.nsf/artistnames/ian%20brown (April 15, 2009). “Ian Brown Interview,” Virgin Records, http://www.virginme dia.com/music/interviews/ianbrown2.php (April 22, 2009). Ian Brown Official Web site, http://www.Ianbrown.co.uk (April 22, 2009). “Music of the Spheres: Ian Brown,” In Music We Trust.com, http://www.inmusicwetrust.com/articles/46r29.html (April 22, 2009). NME, http://www.nme.com/artists/ianbrown (April 15, 2009). “Roses to Reform?”Q, http://news.q4music.com/2009/03/ roses_to_reform.html (April 22, 2009). “Stone Roses top British album,”BBC News, http://www. news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3823983.stm (April 22, 2009). “Where did it all go right?”Guardian, http://www.guardian.co. uk/music/2005/sep/23/popandrock.ianbrown (April 22, 2009). —Sue Summers

M

ultitalented musician Lindsey Buckingham first came to the attention of millions of music fans when he joined the rock and roll group Fleetwood Mac with his then girlfriend, Stevie Nicks, in 1975. With his revered compositions, vocals, guitar playing, and production skills, he made a major contribution to the band’s extraordinary success in the years that followed. Buckingham provided Fleetwood Mac with such trademark songs as “Go Your Own Way,” “Second Hand News,” “Tusk,” and “Big Love,” in addition to venturing out with solo albums, including 1981’s Law and Order, 1984’s Go Insane, and his critically acclaimed release of 1992, Out of the Cradle. As Fleetwood Mac dissolved and then reunited, Buckingham continued to perform with the group. But he never gave up his solo career, and beginning in 2006 he released several new albums in quick succession.

Lindsey Buckingham

Buckingham was born on October 3, 1949, in Palo Alto, California. He grew up listening to his older brother’s recordings of Little Richard, Buddy Holly, and Elvis Presley. As a child, Buckingham practiced playing on a plastic Mickey Mouse guitar until his parents bought him a real one. He further honed his skills on the instrument by playing along with the albums of the folk group the Kingston Trio, and was greatly influenced by the music of the Beach Boys. Before Buckingham left high school, he began to play and sing for a rock group called Fritz. In this band he was later joined by singersongwriter Stevie Nicks.

Singer, songwriter, guitarist

Steve Granitz/WireImage/Getty Images

Joined Fleetwood Mac Buckingham and Nicks eventually got involved romantically as well as musically, and when Fritz disbanded in 1971, the duo moved from the San Francisco Bay area to Los Angeles to work as a musical team. On their own, their style was more folksy than the harder rock music they had made with Fritz. After struggling for a few years, Buckingham and Nicks were signed by Polydor Records, and they released an album titled Buckingham/Nicks. Though this album was not a big seller, it inadvertently brought them to the attention of the rock band Fleetwood Mac, which was looking for a recording studio. The studio that had produced Buckingham/Nicks played the album for them as an example of its handiwork. The band’s members not only liked the technical aspects of the LP, but were also intrigued by the duo they heard. Since Fleetwood Mac member Bob Welch had recently departed, they sought out Buckingham and Nicks to fill out their group in 1974. Buckingham and Nicks’s first work with Fleetwood Mac turned out to be another self-titled album. Fleetwood Mac marked the emergence of the band—which now consisted of Buckingham, Nicks, Christine and John McVie, and Mick Fleetwood—as a popular success, yielding hits such as Nicks’s “Rhiannon” and Christine McVie’s “Don’t Stop.” Buckingham acknowledged in

Buckingham • 15

For the Record . . .

B

orn October 3, 1949 (some sources say 1947 or

1948), in Palo Alto, CA; married, wife’s name

Kristen; children: William, Leelee, Stella. Singer, songwriter, guitarist, and producer; played with rock band Fritz beginning in 1960s; formed duo with Stevie Nicks, 1971–74; member of Fleetwood Mac, 1975–87, 1995–; solo recording artist, 1981–. Awards: (With Fleetwood Mac) Grammy Award, for Rumours, 1977. Addresses: Record company—Reprise, 75 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY 10019. Web site—Lindsey Buckingham Official Web site: http://www.lindseybucking ham.com.

Rolling Stone, though, that even from the beginning, there were differences among the band’s members. “Fleetwood Mac was one big lesson in adaptation for me. ѧ There were five very different personalities, and I suppose that made it great for a while. ѧ But the problems really kicked in when you started adding five managers and five lawyers to the equation.” Buckingham took a larger role both in the songwriting and production aspects of the group’s 1977 album Rumours. Extremely successful, Rumours climbed the charts, remaining there for years. Buckingham’s “Go Your Own Way” was one of the first smash singles from the album. Unfortunately, however, Rumours was also a chronicle of the dissolution of Fleetwood Mac’s two love relationships—the McVies’ marriage and the longtime partnership of Buckingham and Nicks. Michael Goldberg of Rolling Stone called the album a “pop-rock soap opera.” Despite personal differences, however, the band members decided to stay together musically, and Buckingham and Fleetwood Mac received a Grammy Award for Rumours. Produced Records For Other Artists Fleetwood Mac’s next project saw Buckingham’s creative control of the group increase dramatically. The result, the 1979 two-album set Tusk, was an immediate best-seller, but due to the fact that it was a departure from the style of Fleetwood Mac and Rumours, it only spawned two minor hits, Buckingham’s title track and Nicks’s “Sara.” But Buckingham’s experimentation on the LP won critical acclaim. “Tusk” combined unortho-

16 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

dox African rhythms with the impressive sound of the University of Southern California marching band. And Rolling Stone reviewer Christopher Connelly praised “the spare, threatening whomp of the album’s undiscovered treasure, ‘Not That Funny.’” To Goldberg, Buckingham recounted what it was like to work on Tusk: “I would bring tunes in, and everyone [in the band] would go, ‘Oh, that’s great.’ When Mick [Fleetwood] took the Tusk album down to Warner Bros., everyone was jumping up and down, going, ‘Oh, this is really one of the neatest things we’ve ever heard.’ ѧ I do think there was a time when everyone in the band was quite carried away with the spirit of experimentation. But when it began to become apparent that it wasn’t going to sell 15 million copies [like Rumours], then everyone from the band looked at me and went, ‘Oh, you blew it, buddy.’” In the same year that Tusk was released, Buckingham also busied himself producing records for other artists, most notably folk-rocker John Stewart’s album Bombs Away, Dream Babies. The effort yielded Stewart’s first pop hit, “Gold.” Releasing his own album in 1981, titled Law and Order, Buckingham scored a hit with the single “Trouble,” and after being disappointed with Fleetwood Mac’s 1982 album Mirage, the musician increasingly concentrated on his own projects. An especially successful one was the 1984 solo album Go Insane. The title track became a hit for Buckingham, and the accompanying video received much airplay on MTV. Connelly praised Go Insane, calling it “the richest, most fascinatingly tuneful album of the year.” He summed up Buckingham’s work, starting with Tusk: “This songwriter, singer and guitarist has struggled to combine the wildest possibilities of new music with the folk-fostered melodies that have marked his most commercially fruitful efforts.” Like Rumours, Go Insane was a deeply personal creation for Buckingham, taking its inspiration from his relationship and breakup with longtime companion Carol Ann Harris. Accolades for Out of the Cradle Buckingham stayed with Fleetwood Mac until the completion of their 1987 album Tango in the Night. Though Buckingham’s “Big Love” was one of the most popular hits from the album, artistic differences prompted the musician to leave Fleetwood Mac, foregoing its subsequent tour. In 1990, however, he took the stage with his former bandmates for the farewell concert of Nicks and Christine McVie. According to Steve Pond of Rolling Stone, Buckingham “wound up stealing the show” on this occasion. Five years after the release of Tango in the Night, Buckingham released Out of the Cradle, an album Rolling Stone’s J. D. Considine considered the place “where Buckingham’s solo career grows up.” Such

songs as “Wrong” and “Don’t Look Down” contained subtle commentary on quitting Fleetwood Mac, an event he felt was wrongly portrayed in Mick Fleetwood’s 1990 book Fleetwood, and on his decision to concentrate on solo ventures. Referring to his bittersweet departure from Fleetwood Mac, Buckingham admitted to David Wild in Rolling Stone, “I had to let a lot of emotional dust settle.” Calling Out of the Cradle “a wildly impressive comingout party,” Wild felt that “the album is an artfully crafted song cycle whose romantic lushness is effectively balanced by a healthy dose of ripping guitar.” Further accolades came from People reviewer Craig Tomashoff, who declared that “nobody in pop music these days creates better feel-good melodies than Buckingham.” A truly respected and innovative figure in pop music, Buckingham toured the United States in 1992, playing at clubs and on various radio stations in an effort to gain exposure for Out of the Cradle and his burgeoning solo career. He also indicated that he would be open to recording some new songs with Fleetwood Mac for a compact disc box set that was in the planning stages. Commenting on his productive career, Buckingham told Gary Graff of the Detroit Free Press, “Making music with [Fleetwood Mac] was always a bit like making movies. ѧ It was a verbalized political process in many ways, to get from point A to point B. Working solo, playing most of the stuff myself, is always more like painting ѧ a far more intuitive process.” Balancing his solo projects with the enormous ongoing popularity of Fleetwood Mac proved difficult for Buckingham at times. According to Chris Willman of Entertainment Weekly, the artist has “griped that every time he gets [a solo album] under way, Fleetwood Mac bandmates rope him into another reunion, cannibalizing his song stockpile.” The planned new Fleetwood Mac release materialized in 1997 as a live album and MTV cable network special titled The Dance, and Buckingham began working on a new solo release to be called Gift of Screws. The title was borrowed from a poem by Emily Dickinson. Some of the songs Buckingham wrote for the new project, however, were absorbed into the successful 2003 Fleetwood Mac release Say You Will. Between Fleetwood Mac tours, Buckingham took some time off to start a family. He met his wife, Kristen, after the release of Out of the Cradle during a photo shoot on which she was the assigned photographer. Their first child, William Gregory Buckingham, was born in 1998; daughters Leelee and Stella followed in 2000 and 2004, respectively. Despite responsibilities to his family and to the supergroup of which he was a part, Buckingham continued to write new material of his own. When his album Under the Skin was released in 2006 after a 14-year hiatus in his solo work, it was quite

distinct in style from the music associated with Fleetwood Mac—dark, introspective, and almost entirely acoustic. After his long absence from the recording scene, Buckingham quickly released two more albums in 2008. One, Live at the Bass Performance Hall, documented a concert in Fort Worth, Texas, and showcased the artist’s skills as a guitarist, while Gift of Screws was another new studio album, in which he returned to a project he had begun in the late 1990s and augmented it with new material. Clearly the career of one of rock music’s most consistently creative figures had not reached its end. Buckingham went out on the road with Fleetwood Mac once again in 2009.

Selected discography With Fleetwood Mac on Warner Bros. Records Fleetwood Mac, 1975. Rumours, 1977. Tusk (two album set), 1979. Live, 1980. Mirage, 1982. Tango in the Night, 1987. Time, 1995. The Dance, 1997. Say You Will, 2003.

Solo (With Stevie Nicks) Buckingham/Nicks, Polydor, 1973. Law and Order, Asylum, 1981. Go Insane, Elektra, 1984. Out of the Cradle, Reprise, 1992. Under the Skin, Reprise, 2006. Live at the Bass Performance Hall, Warner Bros., 2008. Gift of Screws, Reprise, 2008.

Sources Books Helander, Brock, The Rock Who’s Who, Schirmer Books, 1982. Stambler, Irwin, The Encyclopedia of Pop, Rock, and Soul, St. Martin’s Press, 1989.

Periodicals Detroit Free Press, July 10, 1992. Detroit News, July 23, 1992. Entertainment Weekly, July 17, 1992; October 6, 2006, p. 70. Guitar Player, March 2008, p. 24; December 2008, p. 36. Musician, July 1992; August 1992. People, July 6, 1992. Rolling Stone, August 30, 1984; October 25, 1984; February 7, 1991; June 25, 1992; July 9, 1992. St. Petersburg Times, April 23, 2009, p. B2.

Buckingham • 17

Online “Biography,” Lindsey Buckingham Official Web site, http:// www.lindseybuckingham.com (May 1, 2009). “Lindsey Buckingham,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (May 1, 2009). —Elizabeth Wenning and James M. Manheim

18 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

N

eko Case has established herself among music cognoscenti as a formidable songstress, starting as a drummer in the Canadian punk band the Maows, becoming a top alternative country artist on the Chicago-based Bloodshot label, and then moving to the Los Angeles–based ANTI- label and releasing several highly accomplished albums that crossed genre boundaries, earning both critical acclaim and a measure of popular success. She has been featured in Esquire magazine’s “Women We Love” section, for combining sex appeal with formidable musical chops. As she entered her second decade of performing around North America, the peripatetic Case has continued to add to her legion of fans with a grueling tour schedule, including numerous side projects and collaborations. As she once told a writer from Maclean’s, “We’re doing it the pioneer way, with oxen and covered wagon.”

Neko Case

Born on September 8, 1970, in Alexandria, Virginia, Case was raised in Tacoma, Washington. Her grandmother was the first to expose her to country music, and Case grew up listening to both Patsy Cline and the Pacific Northwest rock band Heart. Family problems drove Case to drop out of high school and leave home at the age of 15. She moved in with a friend and began playing drums in local bands, but soon obtained a student visa to attend Vancouver’s Emily Carr Institute of Art and Design. While there, Case joined up with C.C. Hammond and Tobey Black to form the all-girl trio Maow. Although Case was the only one of the three with previous musical experience, the group formed a local following, releasing their album Unforgiving Sounds of Maow on the Canadian label Mint in 1996.

Singer, songwriter

© Christopher Felver/Corbis

Just Outside the Mainstream Case convinced the label to let her release a solo album drawing on her growing interest in country music. Backed by members of the Softies, Zumpano, and Shadowy Men on a Shadowy Planet, Case recorded an eclectic mix of original songs and covers. Virginian, by Neko Case & Her Boyfriends, was released by Mint in 1997. Among the standout tracks were Loretta Lynn’s “Somebody Led Me Away,” Ernest Tubb’s “Thanks a Lot,” the Everly Brothers’ “Bowling Green,” and obscure cult musician Scott Walker’s “Duchess.” Reviewing the album in Popular Music and Society, S. Renee Dechert declared that Case’s voice “has the directness of Loretta Lynn’s, the power of Wanda Jackson’s, and the anger of Joan Jett’s.” Case successfully fused the raw vitality of art-punk with the down-home purity of country. As she told Richard Skanse of Rolling Stone, “Country’s very much like punk rock, anyways. It’s made by poor ѧ disgruntled people. It’s just a very passionate form of music— they’re all similar in that way.” The country mainstream, however, was not ready to embrace her fully. Case’s video for the song “Timber,”

Case • 19

For the Record . . .

B

orn on September 8, 1970, in Alexandria, VA.

Education: Emily Carr Institute of Art and Design,

Vancouver, BC, Canada, bachelor’s degree in fine arts, 1998. Began as drummer in Vancouver-based band Maow; Unforgiving Sounds of Maow released, 1996; recorded first album of alternative country, Virginian, 1997; contributed to album Homage to Loretta Lynn, 1999; released Furnace Room Lullaby, 2000; supplied background vocals on Mekons’ Journey to the End of Night,

wake of a failed relationship, the album had a cathartic feel, with songs like “We’ve Never Met” and “Set out Running” exposing both personal strength and vulnerability. In an enthusiastic Entertainment Weekly review of Furnace Room Lullaby, Laura Morgan wrote, “The fiery singer hollers that she wants to get it all behind her, talks of tearin’ her heart out, and rails against the poison in her blood. Her brutally vivid, classic country is tonic for achy-breaky hearts.” Mark Deming’s review for the All Music Guide was equally positive: “Neko Case understands the honest emotions and working-class poetry Loretta Lynn and Dolly Parton brought to their best music. ѧ Furnace Room Lullaby makes clear how deeply she cares for this music, and confirms her status as one of alt-country’s strongest artists.”

2000; provided vocals on New Pornographers’ Mass Romantic, 2000; released EP Canadian Amp, 2001; as one-half of the Corn Sisters, released Other Woman, 2001; released third solo album, Blacklisted, 2002; signed to ANTI- label; released live album The Tigers Have Spoken, 2004; released Live from Austin, TX, 2007; Fox Confessor Brings the Flood, 2006; Middle Cyclone, 2009. Awards: Juno Award (Canada), Best Alternative Album (with the New Pornographers), for Mass Romantic, 2001. Addresses: Record company—ANTI- Records, 2798 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90026. Web site—Neko Case Official Web site: http://www.nekocase.com.

in which she destroys a honky tonk when the audience seems inattentive, was refused airplay by Country Music Television on the grounds that it was too violent. In 1998 Case received a bachelor of fine arts degree from Emily Carr Institute of Art and Design, and when her student visa expired she moved back to the United States. That same year she played the South by Southwest Music Festival with the Sadies and teamed up with guitarist Carolyn Mark to form the Corn Sisters, a satiric country duo. She also began collaborating with Vancouver’s New Pornographers, providing the vocals for what would be 2000’s acclaimed Mass Romantic. Case’s relationship with Chicago’s insurgent indie label Bloodshot began with the release of Virginian. She contributed to 1999’s Homage to Loretta Lynn on that label, and laid down the tracks for her sophomore effort, 2000’s Furnace Room Lullaby. Backed by an expanded version of her Boyfriends band, Case cowrote all 12 of the album’s tracks. Recorded in the

20 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Rooted in Country The 2000 release of the New Pornographers’ Mass Romantic brought added acclaim to Case. The band was essentially a Vancouver supergroup, with honorary Canadian Case filling in the vocal slot. The album won a 2001 Juno Award for best alternative album; Case’s contribution was singled out for praise. M. Boudignon, reviewing the album for UtterMusic.com, wrote that the “sparkling jewel in the Pornographers’ crown is country crooner Neko Case, appearing as vocalist on most of the tracks, sans twang, but still with remarkable punch.” By then based in Chicago, Case contributed backing vocals to label mates the Mekons’ 2000 release Journey to the End of the Night. In 2001 she toured as a supporting act with the fabled Australian Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. Also that year she released the EP Canadian Amp on Bloodshot. Recorded at her home, its sound was stripped down compared to her previous two CDs. With the exception of Hank Williams’s “Alone and Forsaken” and two tracks she wrote herself, all the songs on the EP were written by Canadians, including Neil Young, Jon Rauhouse, and Kelly Hogan. That same year Mint released the Corn Sisters’ The Other Woman, recorded live in a Seattle coffee shop in 1998. Case released Blacklisted, her third full-length recording, in 2002. Recorded in Tucson, Arizona, it was the first to be done without her usual “Boyfriends.” Case wrote most of the songs and played a variety of instruments on the album. While most of her previous backing band members hailed from the Pacific Northwest, Blacklisted drew heavily on the talents of Southwest musicians, including members of Calexico and Giant Sand. In turn, Case contributed vocals to Giant Sand’s 2002 release Cover Magazine. In his review for Barnes & Noble, David Sprague noted that “Case stays rooted in country—not the Nashville stripe (or even the comparatively sophisticated Bakersfield variety), but in the sounds that wafted up from the Dust Bowl and Appalachian coal country decades ago.” With Blacklisted

complete, Case toured extensively in support of the album.

Selected discography Solo

Praise for Middle Cyclone After signing with ANTI- in 2004, Case released the live album The Tigers Have Spoken, combining Case originals with versions of classic country songs such as Loretta Lynn’s “Rated X.” Her own songs for the album broke the country mold with a new tendency toward long, complex melodies, and Case’s first studio album for ANTI-, Fox Confessor Brings the Flood, expanded on Case’s new direction. The music on the album drew on a range of materials from American spirituals to traditional music associated with the singer’s Ukrainian ancestry (her great-aunt, Ella Waldek, was a professional wrestler and roller-derby contestant). Case told Matt Diehl of Interview that the album was primarily inspired by gospel music, “though I’m not a religious person.” The album, in the words of the New Yorker’s Sasha Frere-Jones, “is in some ways the first Neko Case album. Country music is mostly perceptible in the reverb, now dialled back. Case’s words are more like passages from novels than like country lyrics.” Fox Confessor Brings the Flood rose to number 54 on Billboard magazine’s Billboard 200 sales chart. While at work on a follow-up, Case in 2007 released Live in Austin, TX on the New West label, documenting a 2003 performance on the Public Broadcasting Service series Austin City Limits. She took her time while completing the new album, but her care was rewarded: when Middle Cyclone was released in 2009, it brought Case wide critical acclaim. Case was identified by Seth Colter Walls of Newsweek as a primary example of a new trend toward melody and beauty among independent artists. “Case is an indie artist—the kind who writes songs titled ”I’m an Animal“ or uses a tornado as a narrator,” Walls wrote. “And yet her style is instantly appealing, blending Patsy Cline’s rich country tone with the gale-force intensity of the original blues shouters, plus a jazz chord or three.” And Jon Pareles of the New York Times praised Case’s songwriting on the new release. “Her own songs melt down structures,” he wrote. “Instead of fixed verses or choruses there are two-chord patterns that run as long as Ms. Case wants, or as short; they might add or subtract a beat, suddenly switch chords or support an entirely new tune in mid-song.” By the time Middle Cyclone appeared, Case, who often performed benefits for animal shelters, had purchased and begun to live in and renovate a Vermont farm with abundant wildlife. Her unusually long career in alternative music was continuing to show creative growth.

(As Neko Case and Her Boyfriends) Virginian, Mint/ Bloodshot, 1997. (Contributor) Homage to Loretta Lynn, Bloodshot, 1999. (As Neko Case and Her Boyfriends) Furnace Room Lullaby, Bloodshot, 2000. Blacklisted, Bloodshot, 2002. The Tigers Have Spoken, ANTI-, 2004. Fox Confessor Brings the Flood, ANTI-, 2006. Live from Austin, TX, ANTI-, 2007. Middle Cyclone, ANTI-, 2009.

With the Corn Sisters The Other Woman, Mint, 2001.

With Maow The Unforgiving Sounds of Maow, Mint, 1996.

With the New Pornographers Mass Romantic, Mint, 2000.

Sources Periodicals Entertainment Weekly, February 25, 2000; June 6, 2003; February 11 2005, p. 63. Interview, March 2006, p. 88. Maclean’s, February 26, 2001. New Yorker, March 16, 2009, p. 98. New York Times, March 2, 2009, p. C4. Newsweek, March 16, 2009, p. 54. Popular Music and Society, Fall 2000. Rolling Stone, February 22, 2000.

Online “Blacklisted: Neko Case,” Barnes & Noble, http://www.music. barnesandnoble.com/search/product.asp?userid=2ATN1 T5B8A&ean=744302009926 (October 6, 2002). “Furnace Room Lullaby,” All Music Guide, http://www.all music.com (October 6, 2002). “Neko Case,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 29, 2009). “Neko Case,” Exclaim!, http://www.exclaim.ca/articles/multi articlesub.aspx?csid1=130 & csid2=946 & fid1=36756 (April 29, 2009). “The New Pornographers: Mass Romantic,” Utter Music, http://www.uttermusic.com/new_pornographers.htm (October 6, 2002). —Kevin O’Sullivan and James M. Manheim

Case • 21

O

ver the course of 20 years and eight albums, Tracy Chapman has sped in and out of the spotlight. The four-time Grammy winner touched a nerve with her 1988 self-titled debut, which climbed to number one on the album charts in both the United States and United Kingdom on the strength of three hit singles: “Fast Car,” “Talkin’ Bout a Revolution” and “Baby Can I Hold You.” Filled with impassioned and fiery lyrics, the album was seen as a beacon for social change, catapulting the 24-year-old folkie to international fame and celebrity— which she found disconcerting. Chapman’s powerful narratives, sparsely arranged music and smoky contralto were a revelation, both a throwback to the protest music of the civil rights era and unlike anything else on the radio at the time. Album sales reached ten million. Chapman floundered with her next two albums, but her fourth offering, 1995’s New Beginning, was highly successful, featuring the hit “Give Me One Reason.” Through the next decade, Chapman continued to produce albums of finely crafted, acoustic-grounded songs, though they failed to gain much traction.

Tracy Chapman

In 2008 Chapman released Our Bright Future, which, like most of her albums, contained insightful, politically inspired lyrics. This album, as well as several of its predecessors, failed to match the enormity of her initial successes, yet Chapman told Stuart Husband of London’s Mail on Sunday that she did not mind the retreat from the spotlight, which allowed her to spend time recording and touring in smaller settings. “I’m glad it happened, because it has left me in this fortunate position, but I’ve always made quite intimate music; it was never meant to be played in enormous domes. People were hungry to hear a voice like mine when I first came along, and I’ve kept this core of support. I don’t need to make any more money, so I just get to be creative, do the thing that I love.”

Folk singer

Kristin Callahan/Everett/Photoshot

Raised During Tumultuous Times

22 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Chapman was born in 1964 in Cleveland, Ohio; her parents separated when she was four. She and her older sister, Aneta, lived with their mother, who refused alimony and relied on low-paying jobs and welfare to raise her daughters. For a time, Chapman’s mother worked in a local rubber factory. “There wasn’t much to work with,” Chapman told the Rolling Stone’s Stephen Pond. “We always had food to eat and a place to stay, but it was fairly bare-bones kind of things.” One thing the home was filled with was music. Chapman’s mom sang gospel tunes and Chapman picked up the ukulele, organ and clarinet as a kid. At age eight, she received a guitar and began writing songs. On the radio, Chapman listened to Marvin Gaye, Gladys Knight, Mahalia Jackson and Aretha Franklin. Growing up in Cleveland in the late 1960s and early 1970s proved rough; the social tensions that Chapman witnessed came through in her music later on. During her childhood many of the city’s factories—which em-

Enjoyed Fast Ride to Success For the Record . . .

B

orn in 1964 in Cleveland, Ohio Education: Tufts

University, B.A., 1986.

Signed with Elektra Records, late 1980s; released selftitled debut album, 1988; performed at Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute concert, London, 1988; participated in Amnesty International’s 15-Nation Human Rights Now! tour, 1988; performed at Jazz at Lincoln Center Spring Gala of Jazz, New York City, 2006; toured Europe, 2008-09. Awards: Grammy Awards: Best New Artist, Best Contemporary Folk Performance, for Tracy Chapman; Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, for “Fast Car,” all 1989; Grammy Award, Best Rock Song, for “Give Me One Reason,” 1997. Addresses: Record company—Elektra Records, 75 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY 10019-6908. Web site—Tracy Chapman Official Web site: http://www. tracychapman.com/

ployed the local African-American population—closed. The segregated city was forced to integrate its schools and kids were bussed all over town while citizens protested and threw rocks. When Chapman was 13 and walking home from school, a white boy yelled racial slurs at her, something she was accustomed to. However, on this day Chapman shouted back. The boy pulled a gun on Chapman and beat her while his friends watched. To take her mind off the world around her, Chapman turned to books, filling her head with the words of Maya Angelou and James Baldwin. Chapman escaped Cleveland by earning a scholarship to Wooster School, an Episcopalian prep school in Danbury, Connecticut. There she played basketball, softball and soccer, performed her songs in the campus coffeehouse, and heard the folk rock of Joni Mitchell, Bob Dylan and Neil Young for the first time. In the fall of 1982 she enrolled at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts, near Boston. Chapman studied anthropology, continued writing songs and played her music on the street in Harvard Square and in local folk clubs. Before graduation, she caught the attention of Elektra Records, which hired music industry veteran David Kershenbaum to produce her first record. Kershenbaum had previously worked with Joe Jackson, Joan Baez, and Cat Stevens, among other artists.

Chapman’s self-titled debut came out in 1988 and Chapman, fresh from college, was ill-equipped to deal with her newfound fame. The album exceeded everyone’s expectations. “I’d heard that the record company was hoping they’d sell 200,000 copies of my first record, which I think would have been pretty significant,” Chapman told Wil Marlow of England’s Birmingham Post. “But it went on to sell many more than that. No one was really prepared, me least of all. It was pretty overwhelming.” The super-shy Chapman suddenly found herself in the spotlight, with album reviews popping up everywhere. Playboy wrote that Chapman’s voice was “laced with equal parts bitterness and dignity.” Time called her “a cultural icon. Her short, spiky dreadlocks signaled a move away from pop glitter. Her music, pared down, almost willfully naive, was an antidote to the synthesized sound of the 1980s.” Chapman earned three Grammy Awards for the album, including one for best new artist. In songs like “Fast Car,” Chapman sang about poverty’s human toll, racial violence, domestic abuse, police indifference, and obsessive love. “Chapman hits emotional chords the way the best folk singers always have,” Pond wrote, “but whereas female folkies have traditionally been painted as vulnerable, fragile creatures singing about their love and fears, Chapman trashes that stereotype. While there’s a vulnerability in her best songs, there’s no fragility, just forthright dignity.” As Chapman gained a reputation for her earnest lyrics and songs touching on the human condition, she was invited to perform at the Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute concert in June of 1988, a concert celebrating freedom and hope held in honor of the famed South African anti-apartheid activist. Chapman gained international fame for her performance in front of 72,000 people at Britain’s Wembley Stadium while millions of television viewers tuned in. Subsequently, she opened concerts for Neil Young and Bob Dylan. In the fall of 1988, Chapman shared the stage with Bruce Springsteen, Sting, and Peter Gabriel during Amnesty International’s 15-nation Human Rights Now! tour. Over the years, Chapman has also worked with Free Tibet and the American Foundation for Aids Research. Hit Skid in the Road In 1989 Chapman released Crossroads and followed with Matters of the Heart in 1992. While these albums shared a similar tone and theme with her debut album, they lacked the compelling characters and narratives that drove her first album up the charts. Sales slipped and critics chided Chapman’s lyrical lapse and legendary reticence, with one reviewer even taking exception to the fact that she “posed unsmiling with eyes facing away from the camera” on her album covers.

Chapman • 23

“Chapman’s ѧ voice, with its small but expressive dips and curves, enriches any material it touches, but her material has become a problem,” Gene Santoro wrote in The Nation, adding that her latest songs were mainly “political soundbites or cliches about love and need.” Howard Cohen, writing for Knight-Ridder Newspapers, suggested that some of the trouble resulted from her subject matter. “Pop music by its nature is disposable and fans can be fickle, but Chapman’s fall seemed particularly steep,” Cohen wrote, noting that political themes in pop music quickly become dated. In 1995, seven years after her spectacular debut, Chapman was back on top on the strength of her fourth record, the aptly titled New Beginning, and its infectious single “Give Me One Reason.” Ironically, Chapman had written the song a decade earlier, while still a senior at Tufts. In any event, her concerts were sold out, the album sold 100,000 copies a week, and she even smiled in the photos on the CD jacket. Time attributed Chapman’s resurgence to, well, being nice. “She’s always preferred to keep her distance from real-life record-buying people,” the magazine reported. “In concerts, even the most ardent acclaim left her stonefaced and unmoved. Much of her time was spent holed up in her San Francisco mansion. Fans eventually repaid the favor: Chapman’s last two albums sank with nary a trace. Well, the reality check has finally arrived: Chapman now reads fan mail aloud in concerts.” Five years passed before Chapman released her next album, 2000’s acoustic-based Telling Stories, which once again contained her signature mix of blues, folk, and country. Longtime fans were pleased with the disc, but it failed to hook new listeners. In a review for the London Daily Mail, Adrian Thrills wrote that “Telling Stories contains four of the finest songs Chapman has penned since her debut’s mighty triumvirate.” In particular, Thrills mentioned the title track, along with “Less Than Strangers,” “It’s OK,” and “The Only One.” While Thrills praised the songwriting, he noted that the album lacked the passion of her previous hits and lamented that Chapman “rarely tampers with her safe, straightforward style.” In 2005 Chapman released Where You Live, yet another disc filled with personal and political ramblings. The album featured “Change,” a song about midlife crisis, the scorching diatribe “America,” and “Never Yours,” a song of unrequited love. One poignant track included “3,000 Miles,” where Chapman addressed the incident in Cleveland when she was attacked at 13, and commented on urban poverty and isolation. Envisioned Bright Future Chapman was still touring in 2009, treating fans to tracks from her eighth studio album, 2008’s Our Bright Future. While the title sounded optimistic, the lyrics

24 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

were bittersweet, with the title track suggesting that the bright future was in the past. Speaking to the London Guardian’s Amy Fleming, Chapman put it this way: “What does the future look like if the heads of society ask our young people to risk their lives for questionable causes? I think it looks rather bleak.” During her career, Chapman was hampered by her earlier negative image in the media. “Well, I was so young and inexperienced back then,” Chapman told the Mail on Sunday. “Things happened so fast and I wasn’t prepared for it. I was shy and uncomfortable, and that made me defensive in some ways. But I think there has been a progression over the years.” Some of Chapman’s reticence with the media dated back to the childhood incident in Cleveland, where the papers reported she was culpable in the incident. Chapman has loosened up over the years, but she remained tightlipped about her private life. At one point it was revealed that Chapman was romantically involved with Pulitzer Prize-winning author Alice Walker in the mid1990s. As the first decade of the new century neared an end, Chapman was living in San Francisco enjoying her life as a singer-songwriter. She was still writing songs the same way she began when she penned her hits in the 1980s, where the words and music are written simultaneously. “I write the songs before I go into the studio so by the time I start recording, all the songs are complete and it’s just a matter of working on the production and arrangements,” she told Polly Weeks of the Belfast Telegraph. “I often write late at night or early in the morning. I’ll wake up at three or four in the morning with a really good idea and then start playing guitar and writing songs.”

Selected discography Tracy Chapman, Elektra Records, 1988. Crossroads, Elektra, 1989. Matters of the Heart, Elektra, 1992. New Beginning, Elektra, 1995. Telling Stories, Elektra, 2000. Let It Rain, Elektra, 2002. Where You Live, Atlantic, 2005. Our Bright Future, Elektra, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Belfast Telegraph, November 21, 2008, p. 30. Birmingham Post, November 7, 2005, p. 13. Daily Mail (London, England), February 11, 2000, p. 54 Entertainment Weekly, May 1, 1992, p. 52; December 1, 1995, p. 74; April 26, 1996, p. 58. Knight-Ridder News Service, August 23, 1996.

Mail on Sunday (London, England), August 14, 2005, p. 39 (YOU). MOJO, January 1996. Nation, July 6, 1992, p. 30. Newsweek, July 1, 1996, p. 62. People, October 16, 1989, p. 19; April 20, 1992, p. 27. Playboy, February 1990, p. 16. Rolling Stone, September 22, 1988.

Sunday Mail (South Australia), November 30, 2008, p. 97. Time, March 12, 1990, p. 70; May 13, 1996, p. 101.

Online “The Quiet Revolutionary,” Guardian, http://www.guardian. co.uk/lifeandstyle/2008/oct/31/tracy-chapman-womenpop-usa (March 18, 2009). —Dave Wilkins and Lisa Frick

Chapman • 25

I

n Exclaim! magazine, Jason Schneider wrote that “It may just be part of our makeup as Canadians that every homegrown rocker has a sensitive singersongwriter inside them.” During an interview with musician Dallas Green, also known as City and Colour, Schneider and Green talked about the differences between Green’s softer solo work and the loud and aggressive punk of his popular Canadian band Alexisonfire. With Alexisonfire, by 2004, Green had gained notoriety in the hardcore music dubbed “screamo” (Green would sing while another bandmate actually screamed in the punk music). When Green was on his own, however, he listened to music by late singer songwriters such as Townes Van Zandt and Elliott Smith. He read stories by Kurt Vonnegut (who penned the famous novel Slaughterhouse-Five), and in fact it was Vonnegut’s tales that moved Green to begin songwriting.

City and Colour

City and Colour sounds like a band, but in actuality it’s merely a moniker for Green’s solo work. His music under that moniker is a striking departure from his work with Alexisonfire. The abrasively loud quintet was formed in St. Catherines, Ontario, in 2001 with Green as singer and guitarist, vocalist George Pettit, guitarist Wade McNeil, bassist Steele, and drummer Ingelevics. In 2002 Alexisonfire released a self-titled album on the Toronto label Distort Imprint. Their popularity in Canada led to a deal with U.S. label Equal Vision for the band’s 2004 album Watch Out!.

© Mike Cassese/Reuters/Corbis

Guitarist, pianist, singer, songwriter

26 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

While touring with Alexisonfire, Green began writing songs that leaned towards the acoustic side (almost emo in nature), with softer vocals and gentler lyrics. Green knew these songs needed a different outlet, so he began recording demos at home. A handful of the songs were written when he was 18 and 19 years old, to which he added newer material, for an mélange of story songs he put on tape at home and then sold at Alexisonfire shows. The quintet gained serious popularity when the band took home an award for New Group of the Year at the 2005 Junos. Watch Out! went platinum in Canada, and in the meantime Green released his first real solo record, Sometimes (2005). He hadn’t initially planned on releasing a record, but the enthusiastic reaction from Alexisonfire fans prompted him to do so. “We decided to put it out [on record] because people thought it was good and people actually liked it,” Green admitted to Brian McConnell of BeatCrave.com. The album struck a chord with young fans all over Canada. Exclaim! writer Sam Sutherland wrote that Green has “one of the strongest set of vocal chords to emerge from southern Ontario,” and called the album a “perfect showcase for Green’s talents as a brilliant vocalist, an unbelievable guitar player and a relevant songwriter.” Green chose to put out his music under the name City and Colour rather than his own, and he did so by taking

For the Record . . .

M

ember includes Dallas Green born on Septem-

ber 29, 1980, in St. Catherines, Ontario,

Canada. Joined hardcore band Alexisonfire in St. Catherines, Ontario, Canada, in 2001; with the band, released Watch Out!, 2004; released solo full-length album Sometimes, 2005; City and Colour Live, 2007; Bring Me Your Love, 2008.

Much Music. It even made its way down to the States. The song was catchy enough to hook most Alexisonfire fans as well as the Top 40 stations in Canada. Labeled emo-pop, “Save Your Scissors,” in true heart-on-yoursleeve fashion, was based on a situation Green has faced more than once in his life, as he told MuchMusic. com’s Katharine Foster. “It’s sort of a metaphor for girls who have tried to change me from who I am and what I want to be, into what they want. And it’s like, no, save your scissors for somebody else. Don’t try to change me cause it’s not gonna work.” In March of 2007, Green released City and Colour Live, a CD/DVD package with 13 live songs. Green toured both with a backing band and by himself with his acoustic guitar.

Awards: Much Music Awards, People’s Choice Favourite Canadian Artist, 2006; Junos, Alternative Album of the Year, 2007. Addresses: Record company—Dine Alone Records, 550 Queen St. E., Ste. 310, Toronto, ON. M5A1V2; Vagrant Records, Vagrant Records, 2118 Wilshire Blvd. Ⲇ361, Santa Monica, CA 90403. Web site—City and Colour Official Web site: http://www.cityandcolour.ca/

a spin on his own name. He got City and Colour by combining his first name, Dallas, a city, and his last name, Green, a color. Green wanted the musical flexibility of a band moniker so his wouldn’t be pigeonholed into just one thing. With the success of Sometimes, Green began to enjoy the differences between being in a band and being an artist on his own. “It’s nice because it’s a democracy and we all have our own say and we wait and change things and wait until everybody is happy,” he told McConnell about Alexisonfire. “But with this, it’s good because if I like it, I like it, and I don’t have to answer to anybody.” Besides playing acoustic guitar and singing with a gentler temperament, Green also played piano on his solo work, a skill he taught himself while in high school. His musical influences range from post hardcore groups like Hot Water Music to the amazing late singer/songwriter Jeff Buckley. It can all be heard in City and Colour’s music. Sometimes went platinum in Canada by 2006, and Green performed at the Much Music Video Awards, where he picked up an award for People’s Choice Favourite Canadian Artist. Alexisonfire was still going strong, with the band now signed to Vagrant Records for their late summer 2006 album Crisis. The single “Save Your Scissors” was an almost instant hit on Canadian radio and Canada’s music channel

Green’s sophomore studio album Bring Me Your Love hit stores in 2008. Green upped the production on this record by recording it with producer Dan Achen at Catherine North Studio in Hamilton, Ontario. Although Bring Me Your Love was made in a modern studio, Green wanted to keep the intimate and classic aspect of the music, so they used only vintage instruments and mostly played live for his second record. Bring Me Your Love’s first single, “Sleeping Sickness,” struck a chord with listeners, just as the familiarity of “Save Your Scissors” had done. The song was boosted to an even larger audience with the help of additional vocals by Gordon Downie, a member of The Tragically Hip, one of Canada’s most prominent contemporary bands. “Green’s songs show some marked maturity, even verging on Elliott Smith territory,” wrote Schneider. Bring Me Your Love included the track “Waitingѧ,” which was inspired by cult roots songwriter Townes Van Zandt, who wrote a song called “Waiting Around to Die.” “It was a really negative song,” Green told McConnell, “but I wanted to write a sort of positive spin in it. Even though it sounds negative it’s really about the idea that people live their lives sweating the small stuff and worrying about little details, even though there is always someone with a worse problem than you; I’m like that too, so it’s kind of like me telling myself and everyone to appreciate what you have because everyone is going to die.” While most Top 40 records/songs in North America lean toward louder, faster, over-produced and must-becatchy songs, with City and Colour, Green has successfully brought a different aspect of music to Canada’s popular musical terrain. Like many other singer-songwriters, Green believes there will always be a place for his type of stripped-down music. “People still like the idea of acoustic music, and it’s been around since blues men were doing it in the thirties,” he conveyed to McConnell, “and before that there were the old beginnings of bluegrass and stuff like that in the twenties. I stand up there with an acoustic guitar and

City and Colour • 27

people listen ѧ and that gives me faith that this type of music will last.”

Sources Periodicals

Selected discography With Alexisonfire Alexisonfire, Equal Vision, 2002. Watch Out!, Equal Vision, 2004. Crisis, Vagrant, 2006.

Solo Sometimes, Dine Alone Records, 2005. City and Colour Live, Dine Alone Records, 2007. Bring Me Your Love, Dine Alone Records/Vagrant, 2008.

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Exclaim!, December 2005; March 2008.

Online “Dallas Green Mellows Out With City and Colour,” Much Music, http://www.muchmusic.com/insidemuch/stuff/dal las_green_mellows_out_with_city_and_colour.asp (April 10, 2009). “Interview: Dallas Green of City and Colour,”BeatCrave, http://www.beatcrave.com/2008-10-21/interview-dallasgreen-of-city-and-colour (April 10, 2009). —Shannon McCarthy

P

erhaps the single most respected rock and blues guitarist in music history, Eric Clapton has compiled an enviable body of work showcasing his matchless taste, tone, and devotion to his chosen instrument. Typical of the high esteem in which he is held by his fellow artists and fans alike, Clapton barely had a chance to sit down at the 1993 Grammy Awards. He received six trophies over the course of the evening, for his single “Tears in Heaven” and for the album Unplugged. It was something of a valedictory for the veteran musician, who has been a star in the pop music firmament since the mid-1960s and who has weathered an astonishing number of tragedies and hardships—drug addiction, alcoholism, romantic disaster, and the deaths of several loved ones—during his career. Through it all, however, he has maintained a singular grace and a devotion to the emotional truth that music can convey. As B.B. King, a pioneer of electric blues guitar, said of Clapton in Rolling Stone, “You know it’s the blues when he plays it.”

Eric Clapton

Indeed, Clapton’s lifelong musical love has been the blues, and his life has often been the stuff of which the blues are made. Clapton was born illegitimately in Ripley, England, as World War II drew to a close. His mother left him to be raised by his grandparents, Rose and John Clapp, when he was a small child. He was brought up thinking they were his parents, until his real mother returned home when he was nine years old. The family pretended that his mother was his sister, but he soon found out the truth from outside sources. “I went into a kind of ѧ shock, which lasted through my teens, really,” he told Musician, “and started to turn me into the kind of person I am now ѧ fairly secretive, and insecure, and madly driven by the ability to impress people or be the best in certain areas.” Years later, at the age of 53, he finally learned who his true father was—a man named Edward Fryer, who had died in 1985 without ever knowing his son.

Matt Kent/Redferns/Getty Images

Guitarist, singer, songwriter

As an adolescent, Clapton first heard the sound of blues music from the United States and felt a profound and immediate connection to it. The “shatteringly intimate” voice of Delta bluesman Robert Johnson (as Clapton described it in a Rolling Stone interview), and later the electric blues of Muddy Waters and others, motivated him to pick up the guitar; by his teens he was playing in coffeehouses. He joined groups called the Roosters and Casey Jones and the Engineers before finding his way into the Yardbirds in 1963. That ensemble became a sensation for its guitar-fueled, bluesy rock, but Clapton left the Yardbirds after it became clear that greater success would come from pop hits like “For Your Love” rather than the heavy blues to which he was devoted. Clapton first attracted real attention as a member of John Mayall’s Bluesbreakers. Even then, Rolling Stone’s Robert Palmer noted, “He played the blues authentically, with a genuinely idiomatic feel.” By this time the guitarist had worshippers, for whom the now-

Clapton • 29

For the Record . . .

B

orn Eric Patrick Clapp on March 30, 1945, in

Ripley, Surrey, England; son of Patricia Clapp;

raised by grandparents John and Rose Clapp; married Patti Boyd Harrison, 1979 (divorced, 1988); married Melia McEnery (a graphic artist), 2002; children: (second marriage) Julie Rose, Ella Mae; (with model Yvonne Kelly) Ruth; (with model Lori Del Santo) Conor (deceased). Education: Attended Kingston College of Art, 1962. Played with bands the Roosters, Casey and the Engineers, the Yardbirds, John Mayall’s Bluesbreakers, Cream, Blind Faith, Delaney and Bonnie and Friends, and Derek and the Dominos, 1963-73; solo artist, 1974-; retired from full scale touring in 2001. In addition to numerous television guest shots, has appeared in such films as Tommy, Water, and Blues Brothers 2000; wrote Clapton: The Autobiography (2007); played five nights at Royal Albert Hall with Steve Winwood, 2009. Awards: Named world’s top musician by Melody Maker, 1969; Guitar Player readers poll, best in rock, 197174, overall, 1973, and electric blues, 1975 and 198082; Grammy Awards, Album of the Year, for The Concert for Bangladesh, 1972, and Best Historical Collection and Best Liner Notes, for Crossroads, 1988; six Grammy Awards, including Album of the Year and Song of the Year, for Unplugged and “Tears in Heaven,” 1993; multiplatinum album (six million) for Unplugged, 1993; Grammy Award, Best Traditional Blues Album, for From the Cradle, 1994; Grammy Award, Best Male Pop Vocal, for “My Father’s Eyes,” 1998; American Music Awards, Favorite Male Artist, 1999; Grammy Award, Best Traditional Blues Album, for Riding With The King (with B.B. King), 2000; Stevie Ray Vaughan (Allegro) Award, 2000; Songwriters Hall of Fame, 2001; named Commander of the British Empire, 2003; inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame three times for his work with the Yardbirds, Cream, and as a solo artist, 1992, 1993, 2000; voted 53rd Greatest Rock ’n’ Roll Artist of all time by Rolling Stone, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Warner Bros. Records, 3300 Warner Blvd., Burbank, CA 91510, Web site: http://www.warnerbros.com. Web site—Eric Clapton Official Web site: http://www.ericclapton.com.

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famous London graffito “Clapton is God” formed the only gospel, and they would multiply after he began to perform and record with his next group, the legendary power trio Cream. With bassist-vocalist Jack Bruce and drummer Ginger Baker, Clapton helped take rock in a new direction: Cream fused weighty blues with psychedelic rock and jazzy improvisation. The result, as many critics have observed, laid the groundwork for much of the progressive rock and heavy metal that would follow. Clapton wrote the music for Cream’s all-time greatest hit, “Sunshine of Your Love”—inspired by his first attendance at a performance by guitar shaman Jimi Hendrix—and recorded a rollicking live version of Robert Johnson’s “Crossroads”; both tracks have become “classic rock” standards. Clapton referred to Cream in a 1985 Rolling Stone interview as “three virtuosos, all of us soloing all the time.” Cream disintegrated in 1968; the band’s chemistry was intense from the beginning, and substance abuse by all three members rendered that intensity intolerable. Their farewell performance at London’s Albert Hall has become a touchstone of rock folklore. The guitarist had in the meantime become close to Beatle George Harrison; Clapton co-wrote the late Cream hit “Badge” with him and played a memorable solo on Harrison’s “While My Guitar Gently Weeps” for 1968’s The Beatles, known colloquially as “The White Album.” Clapton’s relationship with Harrison, though tempestuous, would be constant throughout his life. (He would also play live with ex-Beatle John Lennon’s Plastic Ono Band.) Clapton and Baker joined keyboardist-vocalist Steve Winwood and bassist Rick Grech in forming another supergroup, Blind Faith. That band broke up after an album and a tour, and Clapton was never satisfied with its performance, though songs like “Presence of the Lord” and “Can’t Find My Way Home” are widely regarded as classics many years later. Eric Clapton, the guitarist’s first solo LP, hit record store shelves in 1970. He recorded the album with his friends from Delaney and Bonnie, the group that had opened for Blind Faith on its tour. Even as he honed his singing and songwriting, however, and publicly declared his commitment to Christianity, Clapton fell under the sway of two very demanding substances: cocaine and heroin. With addiction bearing down on him, Clapton formed another short-lived but powerful group, Derek and the Dominos. The band recorded a passionate double-length album, Layla and Other Assorted Love Songs, and featured the superlative guitarist Duane Allman, whose work challenged and inspired Clapton to new heights. “Layla,” a driving, anguished rocker about Clapton’s unrequited love for Harrison’s wife Patti, became one of the enduring anthems of the 1970s. Debilitated by rampant drug abuse and road fatigue, the group disbanded without making another album. Clapton was further devastated by the subsequent deaths of Allman (in a motorcycle accident) and Hendrix (of an overdose of barbiturates). The idea of dying this way “didn’t bother me,” Clapton confessed to

Rolling Stone years later. “When Jimi died, I cried all day because he’d left me behind.” The early 1970s were especially difficult for Clapton, though he thrilled his fans again with the highly publicized all-star Rainbow Concert, which yielded an album. For the most part he lived a reclusive life; it wasn’t until 1974 that he quit heroin and put out a new album, the highly successful 461 Ocean Boulevard. The record, which featured Clapton’s hit version of Bob Marley’s “I Shot the Sheriff,” set the mood for much of his work during the next decade or so: relaxed and rootsy. Subsequent albums, like 1977’s Slowhand, suggested Clapton was settling into a comfortable musical middle age; beneath the laid-back surface, however, storm clouds were gathering. Clapton had moved from heroin addiction to alcoholism and would struggle with it for several more years. “Drink is very baffling and cunning,” he told Musician retrospectively. “It’s got a personality of its own.” Clapton married Patti Boyd—who had divorced Harrison some years earlier—in 1979, and the two struggled to make their relationship work for nearly nine years; during much of that time alcoholism was wreaking havoc on Clapton’s health. In 1981 he was forced to cancel a tour due to a severe ulcer; as a result he scaled back his drinking and thus improved his musical fortunes. He played a memorable benefit performance with fellow ex-Yardbirds guitarists Jeff Beck and Jimmy Page in 1983, and over the next few years released the variously regarded albums Money and Cigarettes, Behind the Sun—which contained the hit “Forever Man”— and August. Also during the 1980s, Clapton provided the scores for the Lethal Weapon films and the British television film Edge of Darkness. Polygram’s 1988 release of the four-CD hits package Crossroads provided exhaustive evidence of Clapton’s massive contribution to rock music; the collection garnered Grammy Awards for best historical album and best liner notes. Yet the same period saw what David Browne of Entertainment Weekly called the “sad sight” of Clapton appearing on TV beer commercials, playing his version of “After Midnight”; and many found the choice of Clapton as a pitchman for such a product uncomfortably ironic. In 1988 he and Patti Boyd divorced. By then Clapton had a son, Conor, whose mother was Italian model Lori Del Santo, and had for the most part turned his life around. His 1989 album Journeyman was quite successful, and his status as a rock institution was assured. The next couple of years, however, would bring him perhaps the most horrendous blows of all. First, esteemed blues guitarist Stevie Ray Vaughan and Clapton road crew members Colin Smythe and Nigel Browne—all close friends of Clapton’s—were killed in a helicopter crash in August of 1990. Vaughan had himself recovered from alcoholism and was in

peak form and on his way to widespread success at the time of his death. “There was no one better than him on this planet,” Clapton noted in a 1991 Rolling Stone interview. Yet the crew with whom Vaughan had been touring voted to go on with the tour. The performances at Albert Hall were recorded and released on the 1991 collection 24 Nights. Fate dealt Clapton an even more terrible blow a few months later. On March 20, 1991, his son Conor, then four years old, fell 49 stories to his death from a hotel window. “I went blank,” he told Rolling Stone. “As Lori has observed, I just turned to stone, and I wanted to get away from everybody.” With the help of Alcoholics Anonymous meetings and the support of friends like Rolling Stone Keith Richards and Genesis leader Phil Collins, he managed to take a devastating crisis and transform it into art. The song “Tears in Heaven,” described by People as “his sweet, sorrowful lullaby to Conor” and first recorded for the soundtrack to the film Rush, also appeared on Unplugged, an album culled from a live acoustic performance on MTV. The set featured a delicate rendering of “Layla” as well; both songs became massive hits and pushed Unplugged into the top ten of the Billboard albums chart. Clapton was all over the musical map in 1992 and 1993. He reunited with his old mates from Cream for a blistering reunion set at the banquet commemorating the group’s induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Despite the power of the performance, he downplayed rumors of a reunion album or tour. Clapton also presided over an intimate night of the blues at his now-traditional Albert Hall concert, disappointing some fans by completely avoiding his hits. Rolling Stone’s David Sinclair concluded that the guitarist “may be this year’s most exalted superstar, but no matter how the trophies stack up, the man still has a mean case of the blues.” The trophies certainly stacked up at the Grammy awards presentation. Clapton won six of the nine statuettes for which he was nominated, and it seemed clear that Grammy voters and fans wanted both to compensate him for his crushing recent experiences and to thank him for a quarter century of memorable music. Clapton’s strength and poise in the face of tragedy, noted Browne, “was optimism incarnate. In a simple unassuming way, it said that if he could get through this mess, then so could we.” As Clapton told Palmer, “I try to look on every day now as being a bonus, really. And I try to make the most of it.” He added, “The death of my son, the death of Stevie Ray, taught me that life is very fragile, and that if you are given another twenty-four hours, it’s a blessing. That’s the best way to look at it.” Clapton continued to release new recordings throughout the 1990s and early 2000s. In 2000 he released a Grammy-winning album with B.B. King, called Riding with the King, and in 2001 Clapton was inducted into

Clapton • 31

the Songwriters Hall of Fame. He continued to tour to sold out audiences, including a triple concert bill at Madison Square Garden in June of 2001. In 2004 Clapton released a tribute to bluesman Johnson called Me and Mr. Johnson. All the tracks were songs originally performed by Johnson and reinterpreted by Clapton. That same year, he used his music to benefit others. He auctioned off several guitars, including a Fender Stratocaster nicknamed Blackie that he used in live shows in the 1970s and 1980s, to benefit Crossroads Center Antigua, a drug and alcohol rehabilitation center supported by Clapton. Blackie sold for nearly one million dollars to Guitar Center, a U.S. musical instrument retailer chain. Clapton officially announced his retirement from fullscale touring in 2001. A proven commodity, he is reportedly one of the wealthiest individuals in rock music. As a result, he can now afford to pick and choose his projects to accommodate his schedule and interests. Multi-night theater runs with the likes of fellow British innovator Steve Winwood have replaced grueling cross continental tours, and the once wildly prolific recording artist issues albums far less frequently. Hoping to clear up stories about his past, the surprisingly eloquent singer-songwriter penned Clapton: The Autobiography for Broadway Books in 2007. The memoir reveals a great deal about Clapton’s early days as a drug-addicted rock icon. Very few of the stories painted the guitarist in a positive light until the nearly deaf retirement-age rocker joyously announced at book’s end that he has been sober for over two decades. Further, he seemed not to care at all about what many see as the imminent demise of the record industry. “Music survives everything,” he mused in his epilogue, “and like God it is always present. It needs no help, and suffers no hindrance. It has always found me, and with God’s blessing and permission, it always will.”

Selected discography With the Yardbirds Sonny Boy Williamson and the Yardbirds, Fontana, 1964. For Your Love, Epic, 1965.

With John Mayall’s Bluesbreakers Bluesbreakers, Decca, 1966.

With Cream; on Atco except where noted Fresh Cream, 1966. Disraeli Gears, 1967. Wheels of Fire, 1968. Goodbye, 1969. Cream Live, 1970. Cream Live 2, 1971. Strange Brew: The Very Best of Cream, Polygram, 1983.

32 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

With Blind Faith Blind Faith, Atco, 1969.

With Derek and the Dominos Layla and Other Assorted Love Songs, Atco, 1971. Derek and the Dominos—Live in Concert, RSO, 1973.

Solo Albums Eric Clapton’s Rainbow Concert, RSO/Polygram/Polydor, 1973. 461 Ocean Boulevard, RSO/Polygram/Polydor, 1974. There’s One in Every Crowd, RSO/Polygram/Polydor, 1975. E.C. Was Here, RSO/Polygram/Polydor, 1975. No Reason to Cry, RSO/Polygram/Polydor, 1976. Slowhand, RSO/Polygram/Polydor, 1977. Backless, RSO/Polygram/Polydor, 1978. Just One Night, RSO/Polygram/Polydor, 1980. Another Ticket, RSO/Polygram/Polydor, 1981. Time Pieces: The Best of Eric Clapton, RSO/Polygram/ Polydor, 1982. Times Pieces II: Live in the Seventies, RSO/Polygram/ Polydor, 1982. Money and Cigarettes, Warner Bros./Reprise, 1983. Behind the Sun, Warner Bros./Reprise, 1985. August, Warner Bros./Reprise, 1986. Crossroads, Polydor, 1988. Homeboy, Virgin, 1989. Journeyman, Warner Bros./Reprise, 1989. 24 Nights, Warner Bros./Reprise, 1991. Unplugged, Warner Bros./Reprise, 1992. (Contributor, The Beatles,) “While My Guitar Gently Weeps,” The Beatles, Capitol, 1968. (Various Artists) The Concert for Bangladesh, 1972; reissued, Capitol, 1991. (Various Artists) The Last Waltz, 1976; reissued, Warner Bros., 1988. (Various Artists) Lethal Weapon (soundtrack), Warner Bros./ Reprise, 1987. (Various Artists) Lethal Weapon II (soundtrack), Warner Bros./Reprise, 1990. Lethal Weapon III (soundtrack), Warner Bros./Reprise, 1992. Rush (soundtrack), Warner Bros./Reprise, 1992. The Magic of Eric Clapton, Royal, 1993. From the Cradle, Reprise, 1994. Eric Clapton’s Rainbow Concert, Polydor, 1995. Crossroads 2: Live in the Seventies, Polydor, 1996. Live in Montreux, ITM, 1997. Pilgrim, Reprise, 1998. Riding with the King, Reprise, 2000. Eric Clapton and Friends, Legacy, 2001. Reptile, Reprise, 2001. One More Care, One More Rider [live], Warner Bros., 2002. Clapton Chronicles: The Best of Eric Clapton [Bonus Tracks], Warner Bros., 2002. (With the Yardbirds) Early Years, 2004. Me and Mr. Johnson, Reprise, 2004. 20th Century Masters: The Millennium Collection, Reprise, 2004. Back Home, Warner Bros./Reprise, 2005. Classic Eric Clapton, Universal, 2005. Eric Clapton [Deluxe Edition], Polydor, 2006. Clapton Chronicles: The Best of Eric Clapton [2007 Tour

Edition], Warner Bros., 2007. Complete Clapton, Warner Bros./ Reprise, 2007. Live From Madison Square Garden, Warner Bros., 2009.

DVD/Video Eric Clapton and Friends, Vestron, 1986. The Cream of Eric Clapton, Polygram Video, 1989. 24 Nights, Warner Reprise Video, 1991. Unplugged [Live], Reprise /Warner Bros., 1992. Nothing But the Blues, Warner Bros., 1996. Live Whistle Test, Music Video Distributors, 1997. Live in Hyde Park, Warner Bros., 1997. Clapton Chronicles: The Best of Eric Clapton [video], Warner Bros., 1999. In Concert: Benefit for Crossroads Centre Antigua [live], Warner Bros., 1999. One More Care, One More Rider, Reprise, 2002. Me and Mr. Johnson, Warner Bros., 2004. Crossroads Guitar Festival, Rhino Home Video, 2004. Sessions for Robert J., Reprise, 2004. Layla, MVD, 2007. Crossroads Guitar Festival: 2007, Rhino, 2007. Live from Madison Square Garden, Warner Bros., 2009.

Sources Books Boyd, Patti, with Penny Junor, Wonderful Tonight: George Harrison, Eric Clapton and Me, Harmony Books, 2007. Clapton, Eric, Clapton: The Autobiography, Broadway Books, 2007.

Periodicals Billboard, April 10, 2004. Commonweal, March 13, 1992. Crawdaddy!, November 1975. Entertainment Weekly, February 19, 1993. Guitar Player, July 1985. Musician, May 1992. People, March 1, 1993; January 21, 2002. Rolling Stone, October 17, 1991; October 15, 1992; April 15, 1993; April 29, 1993. UPI NewsTrack, June 25, 2004; November 4, 2004; November 10, 2004.

Online Billboard.com, http://www.billboard.com/bb/releases/week_ 1/index.jsp, April 1, 2004; http://www.billboard.com/bb/ releases/week_5/index.jsp, (June 20, 2004). CNN.com, http://www.cnn.com, (January 5, 2004). “Eric Clapton,”All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (May 17, 2009). “Eric Clapton,”Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb. com/name/nm0002008/, (May 17, 2009). “The Immortals: The Greatest Artists of All Time: 53) Eric Clapton,”Rolling Stone.com, http://www.rollingstone.com/ news/story/7235468/the_immortals_the_greatest_artists_ of_all-Time_53_eric_clapton, (May 2, 2009). Additional information for this profile was obtained from Reprise Records media information, 1992. —Simon Glickman and Ken Burke

Clapton • 33

L

oved by fans, loathed by critics, Billy Ray Cyrus rose from obscurity to country music superstardom in 1992 following the release of his debut album, Some Gave All. Featuring the monster hot single “Achy Breaky Heart,” the album sold nine million copies worldwide and made Cyrus a household name in over 100 languages. The disc enjoyed the longest tenure ever for a debut record in the number one spot of Billboard’s pop chart—18 weeks—surpassing the mark previously held by the Beatles.

Billy Ray Cyrus

Sporting ruggedly handsome looks (oft-cited “bad hair” notwithstanding) and swiveling hips, Cyrus has endured a backlash of criticism from detractors who dismissed him as a “flash in the pan.” Further, his reemergence during the 2000s via television caused many to comment that the singer-songwriter piggybacked his career to his daughter Miley’s phenomenally successful stint as Hannah Montana. The truth remains that the elder Cyrus has proven steadfastly popular with record buyers and television audiences alike since his debut, and now the award-winning Cyrus is in position to enjoy the last laugh over his detractors.

Singer

Born in 1961 and raised in the small eastern Kentucky town of Flatwoods, Cyrus got his first taste of singing at the age of four in his father’s gospel group, the Crownsmen Quartet. His mother also enjoyed music and often played bluegrass piano for young Billy Ray. Cyrus’s paternal grandfather was a Pentecostal preacher who instilled a strong sense of religion in the boy. When he was five years old, Cyrus’s parents divorced, and he and his older brother, Kevin, remained with their mother in Flatwoods. Both parents later remarried, giving Cyrus half-siblings on both sides of the family.

Eamonn McCormack/WireImage/Getty Images

As a child, Cyrus was quiet, awkward, and sensitive. However, he later discovered a “wild streak” that would one day serve him well onstage. An interest in sports led him to play high school baseball and football with a passion. It was during this time that he began a weight lifting regimen that would define his youthful physique.

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One of Cyrus’s earliest role models was Cincinnati Reds catcher Johnny Bench, but the young man soon realized that he wasn’t cut out to be a professional athlete. Following graduation, he attended Kentucky’s Georgetown College, where he played baseball until he dropped out during his junior year. Cyrus’s early musical influences were country singers Merle Haggard, Johnny Cash, Hank Williams, and Buck Owens, as well as the 1970s rock groups Lynyrd Skynyrd, Bob Seger and the Silver Bullet Band, Led Zeppelin, ZZ Top, and Credence Clearwater Revival. It was in 1982, while attending a Neil Diamond concert, that the 20-year-old Cyrus’s intuition told him to pursue music as a career. “I thought I was going crazy for a long time,” Cyrus told Marjie McGraw in Country Music, “but after many months of listening to the [inner] voice

For the Record . . .

B

orn on August 25, 1961, in Flatwoods, KY; son of

Ronald Ray (a state legislator) and Ruth Ann

(Adkins) Cyrus. Education: Attended Georgetown College. Formed band Sly Dog, 1982; performed with band The Breeze, Los Angeles, c. 1985; became solo artist, 1986; recorded for Mercury Records, 1990-98; released single “Achy Breaky Heart” and album Some Gave All, 1992; recorded for Monument, 2000; recorded for Word/ Curb, New Door, and Disney, 2003-09; appeared as

Virginia. Following a fire in 1984 that destroyed Sly Dog’s equipment, Cyrus pulled up stakes and headed for Los Angeles. There he gained studio experience playing with a band called The Breeze, but made his living selling cars. Returning to his old stomping grounds in 1986, Cyrus rebuilt his band and began playing five nights a week at the Ragtime Lounge in Huntington, West Virginia. In 1986 Cyrus married Cindy Smith, whom he had met while performing at a bar in Ironton, Ohio. Though happy for the first few years, the stress of maintaining different schedules eventually took its toll and the couple divorced in 1991 amid rumors of Cyrus’s infidelity. In 1992, Cyrus admitted to fathering two illegitimate children—conceived after his divorce—and readily accepted his paternal obligations to both.

title character Doc in syndicated TV series of the same name, 2001-04; appeared regularly on his daughter’s hit TV show for Disney, Hannah Montana, 2006-09. Awards: Country Music Association citation for Single of the Year, for “Achy Breaky Heart”; American Music Awards for Favorite Country Single, for “Achy Breaky Heart” and for Best New Artist; World Music Award, Best International New Artist of the Year; and People’s Choice Award, all 1993; American Music Awards, Single of the Year, for “It’s All the Same to Me,” 1997; TNN Music City News Awards, Male Artist of the Year, Single and Video of the Year, for “Busy Man,” 1998;

During the mid-1980s, while paying his dues in smoky bars, Cyrus traveled as often as possible to Nashville. With a portfolio of photos, songs, and nightclub credentials in hand, Cyrus searched relentlessly for a recording contract. After nearly five years of rejections, his break came in 1988 when Grand Ole Opry star Del Reeves cut his song “It Ain’t Over ‘Til It’s Over” and introduced Cyrus to manager Jack McFadden. In 1989 Buddy Cannon, the Mercury label’s Nashville manager of artist recruitment, saw Cyrus open for Reba McEntire at Louisville’s Freedom Hall. By 1990 Cyrus had a contract with Mercury. In 1991 he recorded his debut album, Some Gave All, with Sly Dog. The title track was a reference to Vietnam veterans. The album was not released until the following spring.

Bob Hope Congressional Medal of Honor Society, Entertainer of the Year, 2002; BMI Award, Top 50 Most Played Songs of 2008, for “Ready Set, Don’t Go,” 2008. Addresses: Record Company—Disney / Hollywood Records, 500 S. Buena Vista St., Burbank, CA 91521, phone:

818-560-5670,

Web

site:

http://www.

hollywoodrecords.com. Booking—Booking Entertain ment.com, 275 Madison Avenue, 6th Floor, New York, NY 10016, phone: 212-645-0555, fax: 212-6450333, Web site: http://www.bookingentertainment. com. Web site—Billy Ray Cyrus Official Web site: http://www.BillyRayCyrus.com.

and ignoring it, I finally went and got a guitar and started a band called Sly Dog. I mean, as soon as I got the guitar, the next day we had a band.” Within a year the band was a popular, if unpolished, attraction at nightclubs in Kentucky, Ohio, and West

In an incredibly successful marketing ploy, Mercury executives created an audience for their handsome singer by releasing the album’s “Achy Breaky Heart” video prior to the single, and introducing a popular line dance that soon swept the country. “Achy Breaky Heart,” a Don Van Tress update of George Jones’s 1962 recording “Aching, Breaking Heart,” became the most-requested song on country and pop radio—before its release. It went on to sell over a million copies and received the Country Music Association’s Single of the Year award in 1993. Cyrus immediately began to suffer slings and arrows from both music reviewers and his peers, many of whom argued that the single and Cyrus himself were one-hit novelties. Moreover, he was accused of being more pop-oriented than country, more a product of shrewd marketing than genuine talent. Country singer Waylon Jennings compared him to the late 1950s pretty-boy teen idol Fabian. And Travis Tritt publicly denounced Cyrus for reducing country music to an “ass wiggling contest,” a comment he would later retract. Cyrus fired back during the American Music Awards telecast in early 1993; onstage to accept the award for Best New Artist, Cyrus borrowed some lyrics from one of Tritt’s hit singles, saying, “For those who don’t like

Cyrus • 35

‘Achy Breaky Heart,’ here’s a quarter; call someone who cares.” Country superstar Garth Brooks, however, with whom Cyrus battled for space on the music charts during his long reign at the top in 1992, came out in support of Cyrus. Brooks told Gary Graff of the Detroit Free Press, “I don’t think people know how to react to Billy Ray. The worst thing we can do now is what rock ’n’ roll did, which is cut itself up into little bits and be real competitive with each other. Billy Ray’s success is just as good for country as anyone else’s.” A second single from Some Gave All, “Could’ve Been Me,” became a top five hit on the country charts and made some inroads into shoring up Cyrus’s ailing critical status. A third single, “Wher’m I Gonna Live,”— written after Cyrus’s ex-wife had thrown his belongings out on their front lawn—also enjoyed heavy airplay and hit Billboard’s top ten. Two more singles were released but remained further down the charts. John Morthland, in a Country Music review summarized the singer’s image problem, venturing, “I don’t think his detractors despise Billy Ray’s music so much as they despise what he stands for—the careful grooming, the ‘dance craze’ created to make the record sell, the way every drop of sweat is in place when he does his robotic stage show—but it seems to me that this was all quite inevitable, and if it hadn’t been him, it would soon have been someone else.” In February of 1993, Cyrus returned to the studio with Sly Dog to produce It Won’t Be the Last, the follow-up to Some Gave All. The title track from that effort, “It Won’t Be the Last,” was apparently inspired by Cyrus’s broken marriage, but some observers saw it as a bold message to critics. The band spent two months perfecting the album, as opposed to the two weeks they had spent recording Some Gave All. Released in June of 1993 with great promotional fanfare by Mercury, the disc was certified platinum by mid-September. Still, critical acclaim continued to elude Cyrus. Billy Altman commented in a People review of It Won’t Be the Last, “Cyrus seems to be making a common mistake that rapid-rise performers usually live to regret, namely, believing his own hype. ѧ And therein lies his problem. Over the long haul, country music’s lifeblood is the union of singer and song, not of beef and cake.” Entertainment Weekly felt the album “suggests an earnest but generic singer thrust into the big leagues too soon,” but he added, “Every so often, though, Cyrus’ persona—the sensitive hunk blurting out average-slob sentiments—connects with a good song, and the result nearly makes up for his buffoonery.” In his Country Music review, Morthland claimed that he intended “neither to praise nor to bury” Cyrus, but still charged that “the guy’s got no personal style whatsoever.” Surprisingly, one of the more enthusiastic reviews of It Won’t Be the Last came from John Swenson of Rolling

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Stone, who labeled Cyrus “an Elvis for the ’90s,” and remarked that Cyrus’s music “completes the transition that high-profile country music has been undergoing in recent years to a sound fashioned out of the conventions of ’70s arena-rock bands. This transformation has accelerated so rapidly that Cyrus makes his predecessor, Garth Brooks, sound like Grandpa Jones by comparison.” Cyrus returned to the country top five with the single “Busy Man” in 1998, shortly before leaving Mercury. Subsequently, one shot deals with Monument, Word/ Curb, and New Door yielded songs that only hit the lower echelons of the country charts, and some speculated that the singer’s run as an important act was over. Nothing could have been further from the truth. When the hits stopped coming, the canny Kentucky native began re-establishing his career by taking acting roles on such network television programs as Diagnosis Murder and The Nanny. These roles led to Cyrus’s 2001-2004 run as the star of the syndicated family medical drama Doc. During the program’s 88-episode run, his daughter Miley made her small screen debut, billed under her birth name Destiny Cyrus. The youngster was nicknamed Miley because she had been a pleasant, smiley baby. Later, Cyrus’s duet with his then 11-year-old daughter on the Colgate Country Showdown caused a sensation in country music circles. Subsequently, she was offered a supporting part in the 2003 feature film Big Fish, and later garnered her own television series on the Disney Channel, the wildly popular Hannah Montana. Cyrus’s role on Hannah Montana as Miley’s father/ manager/chief songwriter, Robbie Ray Stewart, gave his recording career fresh energy. Recording for the Disney label, the 2006 album Home At Last returned him to the top 20 on both the country and pop charts. Further, his self-penned single “Ready, Set, Don’t Go,” written about his newly famous daughter, reached number four on the country charts and became his first top 40 pop hit since “Achy Breaky Heart.” With his career hot once again, Cyrus—sans daughter—hosted NBC’s Nashville Star talent competition during the summer of 2008. Busy as both an actor and musician, Cyrus released the album Back to Tennessee in early 2009. Issued the same week as daughter Miley’s film Hannah Montana: The Movie, it scaled the pop top 40 and country top 15. Despite critical carping that Cyrus was only coasting on his daughter’s popularity, the singer-songwriter had become a hot act once again. Ultimately, the context in which Billy Ray Cyrus’s career will be judged is uncertain. Yet one thing is clear: if nothing else, he will be remembered for introducing country music to a broader audience. Many in the industry view him as having kicked down the door to the pop mainstream that Garth Brooks had forced open. Trying to keep his goals in perspective, Cyrus

remarked in an early Country Music interview, “To look at the achievement of ‘Some Gave All’ and say I’m going after that, it would be crazy to do that. What I am going to do is concentrate on what I’ve done the last 11 or 12 years—making my music the way I can. If I concentrate on that, the rest will run its course. And even if the bottom drops out tomorrow, two months later you’ll find me in some smoky bar in Kentucky or Tennessee or West Virginia, in some corner, making my music.”

Selected discography Some Gave All, Mercury, 1992. It Won’t Be The Last, Mercury, 1993. Storm in the Heartland, Mercury, 1994. Trail of Tears, Mercury, 1996. Best of Billy Ray Cyrus: Cover to Cover, Mercury, 1997. Shot Full of Love, Mercury, 1998. Southern Rain, Monument, 2000. 20th Century Masters - The Millennium Collection: The Best of Billy Ray Cyrus, Universal, 2003. Time Flies, Madacy, 2003. The Other Side, Word/Curb, 2003. The Definitive Collection, Mercury, 2004. Wanna Be Your Joe, New Door, 2006. Home at Last, Disney, 2007. Love Songs, Mercury Nashville, 2008. Back to Tennessee, Walt Disney / Lyric Street, 2009.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, June 26, 1993; May 16, 1992. Country Music, November/December 1993; September/ October 1993; November/December 1992. Cosmopolitan, January 1993. Detroit Free Press, January 29, 1993; October 9, 1992. Entertainment Weekly, July 9, 1993. For Women First, August 9, 1993. Ladies’ Home Journal, May 1993. Newsweek, June 22, 1992. People, September 6, 1993; December 28, 1992; October 5, 1992. Rolling Stone, September 16, 1993; August 6, 1992. Stereo Review, September 1993. Time, June 22, 1992. Tune In, June 1993. TV Guide, February 13, 1993.

Online “Billy Ray Cyrus,”All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com, (May 11, 2009). “Billy Ray Cyrus: Awards,”CMT.com, http://www.cmt.com/ artists/az/cyrus_billy_ray/awards.jhtml (May 9, 2009). “Billy Ray Cyrus,” Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb. com/name/nm0004854/ (May 11, 2009). —Mary Scott Dye and Ken Burke

Cyrus • 37

NME. The following year, the song “Da Funk” hit BBC Radio 1 airwaves, capturing the attention of breakthrough electronica/trance deejays the Chemical Brothers, who played the song during their sets. Three more singles—“Rollin’ and Scratchin’,” “Indo Silver Club,” and “Alive”—followed, and the Chemical Brothers recruited Daft Punk to remix its song “Life is Sweet.”

Daft Punk

Banking on Daft Punk’s future success, Virgin Records inked a deal with the duo in 1996. As a teaser to the first record, Bangalter and Christo offered the track “Musique” to Virgin Records’ Source Lab 2 compilation CD. While recording its debut, Daft Punk spread its musical wings. The duo remixed singer Gabrielle’s song “Forget About the World,” and rejoined Zdar for regular club appearances at Paris’s Respect. Released Successful Full-Length Album

Electronica group

D

aft Punk’s Thomas Bangalter and Guy-Manuel de Homem Christo are longtime friends, but in terms of their public personas, the French duo prefer to keep their identities secret by donning sci-fi costumes and wearing masks to let their music speak for itself—and fans have listened. Daft Punk’s debut album, Homework, “probably the greatest electronic disco record ever made,” according to an Entertainment Weekly critic, has sold more than two million copies, 400,000 of those in the duo’s native France. The duo met at a Paris school as teenagers in 1987 and shared their passion for music, which four years later led to the formation of Darling, an instrumental indie pop band. Joined by Phillipe Zdar, who later created the similar-sounding Cassius, Darling found fleeting fame with a Beach Boys-style tune that was included on a compilation tape released by Stereolab’s United Kingdom label, Duophonic. When Darling disbanded in 1993, Bangalter and Christo began exploring techno and house clubs, along with the rock-based techno of 1980s deejay Andrew Weatherall. Instead of experimenting in an expensive big-name studio, they purchased recording equipment and, according to the English music newspaper New Musical Express (NME), “began producing heavy house music based on big hip-hop beats and boasting strange sounds, sirens and guitar-driven samples.” After hearing Daft Punk’s music, the Glasgow, Scotland-based Soma Records quickly signed the group and in 1994 released its debut single, “New Wave,” called an “acidic mix of beats and basslines” by

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In 1997 Daft Punk released its debut album, Homework, on Virgin and started a “U.K. invasion of French club music,” according to NME. The pre-release hype helped push Homework into the top ten in the United Kingdom, but the album was largely ignored in France. Furthering the mystery of the duo’s identities, Daft Punk did not appear in its videos, instead opting for young directors such as Spike Jonze, Michel Gondry, and Seb Janiak to create the pieces. In April, the single “Around the World” hit radio and clubs and found success in the United States by August of 1997, when it rose to number eight on Billboard’s Hot Dance Music/ Club Play charts. The group spent 1998 creating and releasing the DVD D.A.F.T.: A Story About Dogs, Androids, Firemen and Tomatoes, as well as a compilation of six videos from Homework, and they also explored a variety of side projects. The best known of these was Bangalter’s Stardust, which produced the club hit “Music Sounds Better With You” in 1998. For the next two years, the duo worked on its sophomore effort Discovery. The album proved to be a success even before its release in March of 2001. The first single, “One More Time,” which was similar musically to Stardust’s “Music Sounds Better With You,” was added to pop radio station and nightclub playlists around the United States in November of 2000. The song, which featured the vocals of New York house deejay Romanthony, debuted at number one in France, number two in the United Kingdom, and number one on the Eurosingles charts. As with the first album, Daft Punk hired Japanese artist Leiji Matsumoto to design the animated video. In an interview with Peter Gaston for CDNow, Bangalter said that Daft Punk had tried to avoid the rules about club music as strictly dancefloor or electronic, in order to create a unique mix on Discovery: “We wanted to destroy those rules,” and find a gap where “there would be maybe a place for electronic music that ѧ

For the Record . . .

M

failed to make any significant critical or popular impact. A greatest hits collection, Musique Vol. 1 (1993–2005), followed in 2006.

embers include Thomas Bangalter; Guy-

Manuel de Homem Christo.

Group formed in France, c. 1993; signed with Soma Records, 1994; signed with Virgin Records, 1996, released debut album, Homework, 1997; released Discovery and live album Alive 1997, 2001; returned after long hiatus with Human After All, 2005; released Alive 2007, 2007. Awards: Grammy Awards, Best Dance Recording for “Harder Better Faster Stronger,” and Best Electronic/ Dance Album for Alive 2007, 2007. Addresses: Record company—Virgin Records, 138 North Foothill Rd., Beverly Hills, CA 90210; 304 Park Ave. South, 5th Fl., New York, NY 10010. Web site— Daft Punk Official Web site: http://www.daftpunk.com.

could mean something different, with a lot of emotion and dynamics and energy.” Career Slowed in Early 2000s In 2001 Daft Punk decided not to tour, in order to better concentrate on Daft Club, an interactive Web site that allowed fans who purchased Discovery to access new content and hear remixes, “and in order for people to read art [and] listen to music in a more exciting way, because it’s not down to just the CD itself,” Bangalter told CDNow. However, another option was soon available to fans who wished to experience a Daft Punk performance: the 2001 live release Alive 1997. This album, called “easily the best live non-DJ electronic record ever released” by John Bush of the All Music Guide, captured the excitement and musicality of the duo’s performances and helped solidify their position as a leader of the contemporary electronic movement. A lengthy hiatus elapsed before Daft Punk returned in early 2005 with its third studio album, Human After All, a time period punctuated only by 2003’s widely panned remix album Daft Club, which Pitchfork Media’s Nick Sylvester compared to “watch[ing] a loved one be physically decimated.” Also less well-received than predecessors Homework and Discovery, Human After All displayed a more minimalist approach to music making than had the group’s earlier recordings and

Revived with Alive 2007 Despite weak critical response to Human After All and the group’s directorial debut in the art film Electroma, Daft Punk proved their continued sonic relevance through their strong live performances. With their music complemented by a lavish visual display and the duo themselves wearing robot costumes, Daft Punk stole the show from such big names as Kanye West and Madonna at the 2006 Coachella music festival, and the following year anchored one night of the Lollapalooza music festival in Chicago. Fittingly, Daft Punk’s live act provided the material for Alive 2007, their most acclaimed release in over five years. Barry Walters of Spin noted that Alive 2007 was “the rare synth-based concert album to capture and transcend its creators’ studio-bound essence.” The album garnered two awards at the 2009 Grammys, with “Harder Better Faster Stronger” winning for Best Dance Recording, and Alive 2007 taking the trophy for Best Electronic/Dance Album. Daft Punk’s music also contributed to another hit in 2007, when Kanye West’s smash “Stronger” sampled the duo’s “Harder Better Faster Stronger.” In 2009 Disney Studios selected Daft Punk to compose an entirely new score for the film Tron 2.0, an update of the studio’s 1984 sci-fi classic. The group soon began writing and recording for the project at their studio in Los Angeles. Tim Smith, director of Daft Punk’s publishing rights, commented in an interview with Music Week, “We see this as a really key breakthrough for Daft Punk because it’s an area they want to do more work in. ѧ [The Tron project] is something that, if done in isolation, might not mean anything, but alongside everything else we have going on with their music at the moment can open up new opportunities.”

Selected discography Homework, (includes “Around the World”), Virgin, 1997. Discovery, Virgin, 2001. Alive 1997, Virgin, 2001. Human After All, Virgin, 2005. Musique Vol. 1 (1993–2005), Virgin, 2006. Daft Club, Virgin, 2006. Alive 2007, Virgin, 2007.

Sources Periodicals Entertainment Weekly, May 23, 1997, p. 64; March 30, 2001, p. 68. Music Week, March 21, 2009, p. 12.

Daft Punk • 39

Online “Daft Punk, ‘Alive 2007,’” Spin Magazine Online, http://www. spin.com (May 7, 2009). “Daft Punk,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (May 7, 2009). “Daft Punk: Daft Club,” Pitchfork Media, http://www.pitchfork. com (May 7, 2009). “Daft Punk Goes Robotech,” CDNow, http://www.cdnow.com (May 28, 2001).

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“Daft Punk,” New Musical Express, http://www.nme.com (May 28, 2001). “Grammys: Coldplay, Radiohead, Plant and Krauss Win Big,” Spin Magazine Online, http://www.spin.com (May 7, 2009). Additional information was provided by Virgin Records publicity materials, 1997 and 2001.

—Christina Fuoco and Vanessa Vaughn

leaning temperament,” Cox infused Deerhunter with a remarkable casualness toward music making.

Deerhunter

Experimental rock group

A

tlanta-based experimental indie rock band Deerhunter has become known for its somewhat avantgarde brand of post-punk rock and its intense live shows, described by Kelefa Sanneh of the New York Times as “impressive and slightly disconcerting.” Fronted by the gangly, intense Bradford Cox, Deerhunter rose to indie prominence in the mid-2000s on the strength of releases such as Cryptograms. The band’s unusual sound, coupled with Cox’s—and Deerhunter’s—at times jarring public persona has polarized audiences while attracting its share of critics. The group’s brief 2007 hiatus allowed Cox to temporarily focus on his intensely personal side project, Atlas Sound, before returning to record Deerhunter’s third full-length release, 2008’s Microcastle. The following year, the band released the EP Rainwater Cassette Exchange and appeared at major summer music festivals including England’s All Tomorrow’s Parties and Chicago’s Lollapalooza Festival. When singer Bradford Cox and keyboardist/drummer Moses Archuleta originally formed Deerhunter in 2001, they had what their Kranky Records’ biography called the “ambition of fusing the lulling hypnotic states induced by ambient and minimalist music with the klang and propulsion of garage rock.” The duo soon expanded to include bassist Justin Bosworth and guitarist Colin Mee. Cox quickly became the band’s frontman and driving force. Noted both for his unusually gangly build—a result of Marfan’s syndrome, a genetic disorder than often causes extreme height and uncommonly long arms and legs—and for what Chad Radford of Stylus called a “flippant, sometimes pretentious-

Deerhunter’s early gigs earned the group little positive response, but in 2004 the members had begun recording their first album. The unexpected death of bassist Bosworth following a skateboarding accident led both to the addition of Josh Fauver to Deerhunter’s lineup and to the harsh, aggressive tone of the album’s tracks. Released on the local Stickfigure label in 2005, Deerhunter’s first release had no printed name but is generally considered self-titled; informally, the album is often referred to as “Turn It Up, Faggot,” a piece of invective hurled at the band during a show. Describing the album, Mosi Reeves of Creative Loafing pointed out that “the songs frequently stutter along, breaking down into sheets of distortion.” Cox later expressed his dislike for the work, telling Radford that “I view the first record as a total failure. ѧ We were really young and angry. I’m embarrassed about anger now.” Although the band may have later rejected the thrust of the album, undeniably its jarring, experimental sounds set the stage for the group’s equally challenging live performances. Cox frequently performed in a dress, while the remaining musicians were known to turn their backs on the audience. Performances can change dramatically based on the band members’ moods and audience perceptions; speaking to Pitchfork Media, Cox observed that “we do the best we can, but we don’t have as much control on the dynamics as most bands do.” Soon the Chicago-based independent label Kranky— considerably larger than Stickfigure—came knocking, and the group enthusiastically signed on. Now featuring the guitar work of Cox’s best friend, Lockett Pundt, Deerhunter recorded its second album, Cryptograms, which appeared on Kranky in February of 2007. A complex and at times difficult album, Cryptograms featured the fruits of two distinct recording sessions separated not only by time but also by outlook, with the latter half being more accessible to listeners. Propelled by positive critical notices and tours with prominent bands The Liars and Yeah Yeah Yeahs, Deerhunter steadily began to attract both fans and curiosity seekers. Later that year, Kranky put out a second Deerhunter release, the four-song EP Florescent Grey. In August of 2007, Mee left Deerhunter midway through the group’s American tour. In an e-mail to the music Web site Stereogum, the former guitarist explained his decision by stating that “it was too much of a strain on my schedule, and what we stood for in the media ѧ didn’t reflect anything about my tastes or values.” Whitney Petty soon stepped in to fill Mee’s shoes and Deerhunter again became a quintet. During late 2007, Cox wrote and recorded a side project album using the name Atlas Sound, a nearly

Deerhunter • 41

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Moses Archuleta, keyboards,

drums; Bradford Cox, vocals; Josh Fauver,

bass; Whitney Petty, guitar; Lockett Pundt, guitar. Formed in Atlanta, 2001; released debut self-titled album, 2004; signed to Kranky, released album Cryptograms and EP Fluorescent Grey, 2007; exit of original guitarist Colin Mee and replacement by Whitney Petty, 2007; released Microcastle, 2008; released EP Rainwater Cassette Exchange, 2009. Addresses: Record company—Kranky Records, P.O.

The year 2009 found the group as busy as ever. In February Deerhunter played at the opening night party of the Noise Pop 2009 festival in San Francisco. The following month, Pundt’s solo project Lotus Plaza released its first album, The Floodlight Collective. In late spring, Deerhunter put out the Rainbow Cassette Exchange EP, which Matthew Perpetua of Pitchfork Media declared “absolutely nails the blend of naked yearning and neurotic passivity that makes Cox one of the most consistently compelling figures in contemporary indie rock.” During the spring and summer of that year, Deerhunter embarked on a worldwide tour, including performances at two large independent music festivals: All Tomorrow’s Parties in England and Lollapalooza in Chicago. The group also announced planned dates throughout Great Britain, Europe, Japan, Australia, and North America.

Box 259319, Chicago, IL 60625-9319, Web site: http://www.kranky.net; Web site—Deerhunter Official Web

site:

http://www.deerhuntertheband.blogspot.

com.

lifelong musical pseudonym. This album, Let the Blind Lead Those Who Can See But Cannot Feel, was formally released on Kranky in 2008 but had been unofficially previewed for some time on Deerhunter’s Web site, a blog maintained by Cox. A sonic departure from the intense noise rock of Deerhunter, the album allowed Cox to explore a quieter, simpler style. In another Pitchfork Media article, critic Marc Hogan argued that the album’s “beauty is in the way the music renders Cox’s plaintive themes, not in the impressionistic language he chooses to express them.” After hitting the road with industrial legend Nine Inch Nails during the summer of 2008, Deerhunter returned that October with its third full-length album, Microcastle. A more tuneful and song-based outing, the album marked a further sophistication of technique that was different from the group’s previous offerings. Writing in the All Music Guide, Heather Phares commented that “Microcastle proves that Deerhunter can make music that sounds very different from what they’d done before, yet still feels of a piece with their body of work.” Microcastle soared to the top spot on the Billboard Heatseekers chart, as well as reaching number 14 on the Top Independent Albums chart and cracking the Billboard 200, a clear sign that the indie, though sometimes eerie, Deerhunter had reached a broad audience.

42 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Selected discography Deerhunter (also known as Turn It Up, Faggot), Stickfigure, 2005. Cryptograms, Kranky, 2007. Florescent Grey (EP), Kranky, 2007. Microcastle, Kranky (LP); 4AD (CD), 2008. Rainbow Cassette Exchange (EP), Kranky, 2009.

Sources Online “Atlas Sound,” Pitchfork Media, http://www.pitchforkmedia. com (May 13, 2009). “Colin Mee Leaves Deerhunter,” Stereogum, http://www. stereogum.com (May 13, 2009). “Deerhunter,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (May 13, 2009). “Deerhunter,” Kranky Records, http://www.kranky.net (May 13, 2009). “Deerhunter,” Pitchfork Media, http://www.pitchforkmedia. com (May 13, 2009). “Deerhunter: Interview,” Stylus, http://www.stylusmagazine. com (May 13, 2009). “Hazy Clouds of Sound, Halfway Intelligible Vocals,” New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com (May 13, 2009). “Noise Pop 2009 Festival,” Noise Pop, http://www.noisepop. com (May 13, 2009). “Rainwater Cassette Exchange,” Pitchfork Media, http:// www.pitchforkmedia.com (May 13, 2009). “Youth Gone Wild,” Creative Loafing, http://www.atlanta. creativeloafing.com (May 13, 2009). —Vanessa Vaughn

F

olk rock singer Brett Dennen’s easygoing, uplifting music are at odds with the “bad boy” image of many music stars, but his music has gained praise from both critics and listeners. Dennen believes that music should help make a positive change in the world. Dennen grew up in northern California, where his father worked as a carpenter; his mother was an avid gardener. Not wanting him to go to public school, they chose to homeschool him. Dennen told a VH1 interviewer, “I think it was my mom’s dream to have little organic babies and grow food in the garden. She wanted to be a teacher.”

Brett Dennen

Dennen spent much of his late teens and early twenties working as a camp counselor. He told the VH1 reporter that because he didn’t go to school, he didn’t have to contend with peer pressure, and his first date with a girl was at the summer camp where he worked as a counselor: “Sneaking out and kissing a girl, then maybe on my time off buying her a soda at the general store.” “I Pushed Them to Their Limits”

Singer, songwriter

Matt Carr/Getty Images

Dennen moved on to working for an Outward Boundstyle program in Yosemite, California, leading teens on wilderness survival trips in the Sierra Nevada mountains. These kids had often been in trouble with the law, and didn’t take the trips for fun—they were sentenced to them by probation officers or social workers. Despite their inexperience in the wilderness, Dennen taught them how to purify water, make shelters, and other survival skills. “I pushed them to their limits,” Dennen told Kevin O’Donnell in Rolling Stone. He also showed the teens how to have fun “boot skiing”—finding patches of snow and sliding down them with their hiking shoes. However, he added, “There were times when I had to tackle kids who were veering close to the edge [of a dropoff].” Dennen attended the University of California-Santa Cruz, where he majored in community studies and social change, graduating in 2002. Even while he studied, however, he realized that music was his true passion, and after graduating, he began playing gigs in local coffeehouses and other small venues. He also began writing his own songs and recording them in a small home studio, and in 2005 he released his debut self-titled album on the Flagship label. To support the album, he began touring all over the West Coast, gathering fans as he went, and this base would eventually help him sign with a major label, Dualtone. He told an interviewer from Gigbot that it was challenging going to venues where no one had ever heard of him, but that he felt great when he won people over. He told the Gigbot writer, “Things started slowly ѧ but then it all started to happen.” He recorded his second album, So Much More, in only five days, and it was released in November of 2006.

Dennen • 43

For the Record . . .

B

younger listeners onto the goodness that can accompany thoughtful words and simple melodies sincerely sung.”

orn on October 28, 1979, in Oakdale, CA. Edu-

cation: University of California-Santa Cruz, degree

in community studies and social change, 2002. Released Brett Dennen, 2005; So Much More, 2006; Hope for the Hopeless, 2008. Awards: Citizens for Peaceful Resolutions, Earth Charter and the Arts award. Addresses: Record company—Dualtone Records, 1614 17th Ave. South, Nashville, TN 37212. Management— Mick Management, Jonathan Eshak, Michael McDonald, 35 Washington St., Brooklyn, NY 11201.

The album gained significant attention, and West Coast radio stations began playing some of the tunes. Dennen’s career really jumped when some of the tracks showed up on popular television shows, including Gray’s Anatomy, Scrubs, and House. Dennen’s relaxed, outdoorsy upbringing inspired many of the songs on So Much More, which describe walking through the forest or watching sunsets in the desert. O’Donnell commented that Dennen had some “serious guitar-playing chops—his finger-picked, jazzinfluenced chord structures could be mistaken for Dave Matthews or early John Mayer tunes.” In fact, Mayer was a fan of Dennen, and asked Dennen to support him on tour. This exposure helped put So Much More on the top of the eMusic chart and the iTunes folk chart. In 2006 Dennen founded Love Speaks, an organization that helps nonprofit groups set up information booths and make announcements from the stage before his performances. He told O’Donnell that he wanted his concerts to have a larger impact than simply his appearing and singing, and the audience listening: “It’s about making a positive change.” He is also the cofounder of Mosaic Project, a nonprofit outdoor school for youth. In 2006 he received the Earth Charter and the Arts award from Citizens for Peaceful Resolutions, for his service work and for the content of his music. In Popmatters, Aarik Danielsen wrote that because of Dennen’s easygoing, likeable personality and looks and his mellow music, he is “light years away from the brooding, sullen bad-boy image so often associated with the ‘serious’ rock star,” and that because of this, it might be tempting for some to dismiss Dennen as a lightweight. On the contrary, Danielson noted, Dennen “could prove an important figure, hopefully turning

44 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Hope for the Hopeless In 2008 Dennen released Hope for the Hopeless. The album included more social commentary than So Much More, and was viewed by many reviewers as moving away from the wholesome, wholly American soft love songs of that earlier album. For example, the track “Make You Crazy” featured Afrobeat musician Femi Kuti, who flew in from Nigeria to appear on the record. Dennen told Jonathan Cohen in Billboard, “The grooves are heavier and it’s way more direct.” The song’s lyrics discuss such issues as government spying, prisons, child soldiers, and the meaninglessness of much human interaction, while “sounding neither flippant nor overly preachy,” according to Danielsen. Dennen also told Danielson that the one sure way he knew to gain listeners was through touring; getting airplay on the radio or having one’s song picked up by a television show were great, but a musician couldn’t rely on that. But, Dennen explained, “You can bank on playing shows and winning a crowd over.” He told Gigbot, “I make a conscious effort when I’m playing music to stay true to myself. ѧ Maybe I could have had quicker success if I tried to make myself more poppy. But the success isn’t the reason I’m doing it. It’s about making people feel good.” He also told Gigbot that he has big plans for his next album: “I want to get more into the rock side of my music and dive deeper into the politics, mysticism and spirituality that I believe in. I want to make a heavier album thematically and sonically; but with a great groove behind it.”

Selected discography Brett Dennen, Flagship Recordings, 2005. So Much More, Dualtone, 2006. Hope for the Hopeless, Dualtone, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, August 23, 2008, p. 35; October 25, 2008, p. 33. Guitar Player, February 2009, p. 19. Modesto Bee, October 21, 2008, p. NA. Register-Guard (Eugene, OR), December 1, 2006, p. E6.

Online “Artist to Watch: Brett Dennen,” Rolling Stone, November 14, 2007, http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/17323880/ artist_to_watch_brett_dennen (April 8, 2009).

“Brett Dennen Bio,” Gigbot, http://www.gigbot.com/artists/ brett-dennen (April 8, 2009). “Brett Dennen: Hope for the Hopeless,” Popmatters, October 21, 2008, http://www.popmatters.com/pm/review/67129brett-dennen-hope-for-the-hopeless/ (April 8, 2009). Brett Dennen Official Web Site, http://www.brettdennen.net/ (April 8, 2009).

“Music Review: Hope for the Hopeless,” Entertainment Weekly, http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20233265,00. html (April 8, 2009). “The User’s Guide: Brett Dennen,” VH1, February 29, 2008, http://www.vh1.com/artists/interview/1582583/20080229/ dennen_brett.jhtml (April 8, 2009). —Kelly Winters

Dennen • 45

R

ock singer and songwriter Val Emmich was described by Jay Lustig in the Newark, New Jersey Star-Ledger as an artist that “ѧSeparates himself from the emo pack with a vocal style that strikes plenty of raw nerves but never descends to whininess, and music that favors classic rock stateliness over punkish simplicity.” By 2009 Emmich was gaining critical attention and a solid core of fans. He was helped along by a growing acting career. Although Emmich had long regarded acting as secondary to his music, he realized, especially after he began a recurring role on the television series Ugly Betty in 2008, that his appearances onscreen could draw viewers to his songs.

Val Emmich

Born in 1979 in Manalapan, New Jersey, Val Matthew Emmich (pronounced EM-mick) was of part Russian descent and had a grandfather who studied music at the Moscow Conservatory. But when he was young, he was more interested in soccer than in music. “I liked sports so much because I’ve always been such a competitor,” Emmich explained to Salvatore Tuzzeo Jr. of New Jersey’s Bergen County Record. A bout with Lyme disease at age 15, however, ended Emmich’s athletic career. As he recuperated, able to hold and play an acoustic guitar his parents gave him but not able to do much else, Emmich discovered a more creative side to his personality.

Singer, songwriter

Gary Gershoff/Getty Images

“As soon as I learned my first guitar chord, I was writing songs (or trying to),” he told ChannelOne.com. “That was at age fifteen. It’s hard to remember, but I think my first song was called ‘Gray,’ and it was probably about how sad I thought I was at the time. It was prototypical insular teenage thinking. The whole ‘woe is me’ thing. Pretty embarrassing.” Enrolling at Rutgers University, Emmich majored in American studies and met other students who were interested in music. He played in clubs along New Jersey’s Interstate 95 corridor, with bands including Awake Asleep and Ben Trovato; the latter group (whose name was derived from an Italian expression meaning “well invented”) gained airplay on college radio and opened for rock legends R.E.M. in the year 2000. Emmich graduated from Rutgers the following year. Just as he was graduating, Emmich recorded an EP, The Fifteen Minute Relationship, a cycle of songs about a failed romance. He embarked on his first tour, playing in the living rooms of friends and friends of friends.

46 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

By that time, his natural acting ability had already been discovered. Working at a summer bookstore job after his freshman year, he was urged by the store’s owner, whose son was an actor, to try acting. The owner introduced Emmich to his son’s manager, and soon he was appearing in national advertising campaigns including a “Got Milk?” commercial and one for AT&T wireless services. “When all my friends in college were

For the Record . . .

B

orn in 1979 in Manalapan, NJ; married Jill Maria

Gelade (an elementary school teacher). Education:

Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, bachelor’s degree in American studies, 2001.

Those songs ended up on Emmich’s first full-length album, Slow Down Kid. Co-released in 2003 by two small independent labels, Artist Amplification (which Emmich co-founded) and Childlike, the album made an impact on college radio airplay charts. Sensing commercial potential in Emmich’s combination of personal songwriting, good looks, and grunge-based band backing, the major Epic label signed Emmich to its Red Ink imprint, and also picked up Slow Down Kid.

Played with bands Ben Trovato and Awake Asleep while a student at Rutgers University; released EP The Fifteen Minute Relationship, 2001; released Slow Down Kid, 2003; signed to Epic label; released revised version of Slow Down Kid, 2004; dissolved relationship with Epic; released Sunlight Searchparty, 2006; signed to Bluhammock label; released Little Daggers, 2008; appeared in television commercials; guest appearances in television series, including As the World Turns, Ed, Cashmere Mafia, 30 Rock, and Ugly Betty; wrote novel, A Break in the Weathers. Awards: Best Music Video, Independent Music Awards, 2007 (for “The Only One Lonely”). Addresses: Record company—Bluhammock Music, LLC, 227 W. 29th St., New York, NY 10001. Web site—Val Emmich Official Web site: http://www. valemmich.com.

waiting tables, I was getting residual checks,” he recalled to Tammy La Gorce of the New York Times. With his foot in the door, Emmich also began to land small parts in network television series, including Third Watch and even the soap opera As the World Turns (in which he played an obnoxious college student who picks a bar fight). But, Emmich added, “So many people want to do it, I feel almost guilty about it. I never cared about it so much. It’s just been kind of a side job.” Instead he was throwing his energies into music, which helped him deal with post-graduation angst and with the shock that followed the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. “I could not turn off the TV,” Emmich told Lustig. “I started getting panic attacks, and then I was like, ‘I’m just going to put this into a song.’ I wrote ‘Panic Attack.’ I thought I should get a job and make money, but I didn’t want to hate my job, so I wrote ‘Rat Race.’ I wrote ‘Unstable’ when I didn’t know how I was going to survive. I tried to take my experiences and dive further into them, like further down the spiral.”

Sent on tour with Dashboard Confessional and Gavin McGraw, Emmich seemed to be on the brink of musical stardom. But his experience with Epic was an unhappy one. The label pressed Emmich to co-write new radioready songs with the album’s producers, but he balked. “I spent six years of my life doing that record,” he recalled to Nisha Gopalan of the New York Times. “I told them I would not write another note.” The label tinkered with the sound of the album and finally released it in 2004, to disappointing sales. With both artist and label dissatisfied, Emmich was released from his Epic contract. Emmich’s acting career, meanwhile, was gaining steam. Between 2006 and 2008 he landed several major series guest slots, including two appearances opposite high-profile actresses: Lucy Liu in Cashmere Mafia and Tina Fey in 30 Rock. Intimidated at first by Fey, Emmich told Gopalan that the lesson he learned from the Saturday Night Live comedienne was ‘’that normal people can be in this business.’’ Emmich himself maintained something of a normal lifestyle, living with his wife, Jill Maria Gelade (an elementary school teacher), in a modest area of Jersey City, New Jersey. When money was short, they rented space to one or more roommates. Emmich continued to work at his music, performing in small clubs in the New York City area and moving temporarily in 2005 to the small town of Woodstock, New York. He self-released an album, Sunlight Searchparty, in 2006, marketed a DVD about the making of the album, and followed it up the next year with more of the Woodstock material, issued under the title Songs, Vol. 1: Woodstock. In 2008 and 2009 the acting and musical sides of Emmich’s career seemed to be coming together. At the beginning of the 2008 television season in September he gained a recurring role on the ABC network series Ugly Betty, playing a musician who becomes a romantic interest of the show’s title character. The role caused a spike of interest in Emmich’s music; after one episode, the songs posted on Emmich’s MySpace web page were played some 12,000 times, as compared with just 500 the previous day. The publicity resulted in new attention for Emmich’s album Little Daggers, released the same year on the Bluhammock label. JoAnn Greene of the All Music Guide praised the album

Emmich • 47

as “perfect pop for discerning people, [with] lyrics honed with emotional truth.” In 2008 Emmich was also shopping to publishers a finished novel, titled A Break in the Weathers and tracing the complicated romantic life of a young man in his 20s. Whether as a musician, actor, or writer, Val Emmich seemed to be an artist on the verge of a breakthrough.

Sources Periodicals Entertainment Weekly, September 26, 2008, p. 94. New York Times, December 2, 2007, p. 6; November 16, 2008, p. 23. Record (Bergen County, NJ), February 21, 2003, p. 16. Star-Ledger (Newark, NJ), March 16, 2003, p. 1; October 20, 2006, p. 20.

Selected discography

Online

The Fifteen Minute Relationship, 2001. Slow Down Kid, Artist Amplification/Childlike, 2003; reissued, Epic, 2004. Sunlight Searchparty, 2006. Songs Volume 1: Woodstock, No Code, 2007. Little Daggers, Bluhammock, 2008.

“Bio,” Val Emmich Official Web site, http://www.valemmich. com (April 30, 2009). “Q&A with Val Emmich,” ChannelOne.com, http://www.chan nelone.com/music/val-emmich (April 30, 2009). “Val Emmich,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 30, 2009). —James M. Manheim

48 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

B

orn into a household filled with music, it’s no surprise that multitalented artist Estelle has made her mark in the music industry. The year 2008 proved to be a breakout year for the rapper, singer, and songwriter. Her album Shine soared to the top of the charts in her native England as well as in the United States, and she garnered numerous awards, including a Grammy for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration, for “American Boy,” which she shared with American rapper Kanye West.

Estelle

Estelle was born Fanta Estelle Swaray on January 18, 1980, in West London, England. The second of eight children, she was raised by her religious Senegalese mother, who taught African and gospel music to her children. Estelle’s Grenadan father, a drummer who worked as a session musician, left the family when Estelle was young. Estelle grew up in what she called a “house like a commune” with her siblings, mother, stepfather, and extended family, and music was a large part of her life. Her grandmother, who was from Sierra Leone, was also a strong musical influence. Of her grandmother, Estelle told Lucy Cavendish of the London Telegraph, “She spoke French and she had these records of African music and I loved to listen to them.” She added, “For a while we were only allowed religious music in the house. We sang gospel music at church but my auntie loved reggae and stuff, so me and my cousin used to listen to the radio with her.” Despite her mother’s disapproval, Estelle listened to hip-hop with her uncle and was exposed to such artists as Kool G Rap and Big Daddy Kane. Such a variety of influences, which also included jazz legend Ella Fitzgerald, helped to shape Estelle’s varied style. Estelle noted on her Web site, “My mom is African, but I still have my West Indian roots. She would make African food and listen to African music, but we still had rice and peas and reggae. So I’m able to adapt.”

Singer, rap musician, songwriter

Jon Kopaloff/FilmMagic/Getty Images

Although Estelle studied law in college for a time, her true passion was music. She worked for a video production company and for Deal Real, London’s wellknown hip-hop record store. It was through the encouragement of her coworkers at Deal Real that Estelle first took the stage, and not long after that she began appearing regularly in London clubs. She appeared on the U.K. single “Domestic Science” with British rapper Skitz in 2001, and won Best Female Artist at the U.K. Hip-hop Awards—an honor she held for three consecutive years. In the early 2000s Estelle established her own label, Steller Ents, but was picked up by the British label V2. She released the U.K. hit single “1980” in 2004, as well as the critically well-received album The 18th Day. That same year Estelle earned the Best Newcomer Award at the MOBO (Music of Black Origin) Awards. It was after the surprising success of “1980” and her debut album that her relationship with her label began to sour. Fiercely independent, she had a difficult time following the label’s insistence that she pursue a rock direction. In an interview with Ash Dosanjh for London’s Indepen-

Estelle • 49

For the Record . . .

B

orn on January 18, 1980, in West London, En-

gland; daughter of Senegalese mother and

Grenadan father; second of eight children. Worked at Deal Real, a London hip-hop record store where she began performing and later at London clubs; released hit single “1980,” 2004; debut album, The 18th Day, released on V2 label, 2004; moved to New York, NY, 2007; met Kanye West and John Legend, who signed her as the first artist to his newly formed label, HomeSchool Records; released well-received CD Shine, 2008. Awards: U.K. Hip-hop Awards, Best Female Artist, 2001–03; MOBO Award, Best Newcomer, 2004; MOBO Awards, Best British Female Solo Artist; Best Song, for “American Boy,” both 2008; Grammy Award, Best Rap/Sung Collaboration (with Kanye West), for “American Boy,” 2009. Addresses: Record company—Atlantic/HomeSchool Records,

Web

homeschool/,

site: email:

http://www.john-legend.net/ [email protected].

Web

and before she knew it, she was in the studio with West and Legend. At the time Legend was forming his own label, HomeSchool, and he asked her to be the first to sign. The fortuitous meeting led to further collaborations with such artists as will.i.am, Mark Ronson, Wyclef Jean, Jack Splash, and Swizz Beats. Her sophomore album, Shine, was released in 2008 and brought her standout recognition in her native country as well as in the United States. Shine, a mix of R&B, hip-hop, reggae, and soul, earned Estelle two MOBOs—Best Female U.K. Artist and Best Song for “American Boy.” That sassy tongue-in-cheek duet with West also garnered two Grammy nominations in 2009. One, for Best Song of the Year, did not win, but the other, for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration (with West), won the award. Clearly relishing the independence she had gained in signing with HomeSchool, Estelle did not mince words when she considered the creative freedom that she was given for Shine. She told Dosanjh, “This album is Estelle as you see her, you know? No apologies, no worries, just me speaking my mind.” Not resting on her laurels, Estelle was already at work on her next album in early 2009. True to her form, it will combine various influences marked with her own unique stamp. She related to Jon Bream of the Minneapolis, Minnesota, Star Tribune, “I like the feeling of going out there and completely spazzing. Right now, the direction is Coldplay, Marvin Gaye.” Whatever direction she does take, audiences will appreciate a new offering from the cheeky performer.

site—Estelle Official Web site: http://www.estellemusic. com/music/.

Selected discography The 18th Day, V2, 2004. Shine, Atlantic/HomeSchool Records, 2008.

dent on Sunday, Estelle commented incredulously, “What about me suggests that I want to go rock? I was like, ‘You’ve taken someone who’s made it from the underground to this level and telling them to forget the things that people are loving about her?’” She continued, “[V2] didn’t get who I am. They just didn’t know quite what to do with me and that’s been my life story.” She parted with her label and began working solo on her second album in a rented studio space. In 2007 Estelle decided to make the move across the Atlantic to New York City. She told Cavendish, “It wasn’t happening for me [in England] so I thought I’d give somewhere else a go. If your country ain’t offering you a job, you have to move to another country that is.” Although she settled in New York City, it was in Los Angeles that she seized the opportunity to capitalize on a little luck. Standing outside the L.A. eatery Roscoe’s House of Chicken and Waffles, Estelle happened to see Kanye West inside. She had no trouble approaching West to introduce herself and tell him she was working on new songs. She mentioned John Legend,

50 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Sources Periodicals Daily Telegraph (London, England), April 3, 2008, p. 28. Independent on Sunday (London, England), March 23, 2008, p. 24. Mirror (London, England), May 6, 2008. San Francisco Chronicle, March 7, 2009, p. E1. Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN), February 27, 2009, p. E1. Telegraph (London, England), June 20, 2008; December 5, 2008.

Online “Estelle,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 6, 2009). Estelle Official Web site, http://www.estellemusic.com/ (April 6, 2009). —Elizabeth P. Henry

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Finger Eleven Rock group

anadian alternative metal group Finger Eleven has achieved success throughout North America due largely to its gold-selling third album. Fronted by crossover hit “One Thing,” the self-titled album attracted mainstream audiences and placed Finger Eleven firmly on the rock-and-roll map. In the wake of its success, the band embraced technology, using the Internet not only to stay connected to fans but also to write and record many of the songs on its 2007 follow-up Them vs. You vs. Me. This album garnered the group a Canadian Juno award for Rock Album of the Year in 2008. The following year, two of the group’s members debuted an alt-country side project known as Blackie Jackett Jr. Finger Eleven—made up of singer Scott Anderson, bassist Sean Anderson, drummer Rich Beddoe, and guitarists James Black and Rick Jackett—stemmed from a band originally formed while its members were attending high school in their native Burlington, Ontario, Canada, known as the Rainbow Butt Monkeys. A lighter, funkier group than the later Finger Eleven, Rainbow Butt Monkeys featured the talents of the Anderson brothers, Black, and Jackett, as well as drummer Rob Gommerman. In 1995 the band won a local radio contest and recorded its first and only al-

George Pimentel/Getty Images

Finger Eleven • 51

For the Record . . .

M

embers include brothers Scott Anderson, vo-

cals, Sean Anderson, bass; James Black,

guitar; Rick Jackett, guitar; Rich Beddoe drums (replaced Rob Gommerman, 1995). Awards: Much Music Award: Best Video for “One Thing,” 2004; Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada (SOCAN) Awards: Number One Song, 2005; Rock Award and International Award, 2006; Juno Awards: Rock Album of the Year for Them Vs. You Vs. Me, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Wind-Up Records, 72 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016, Web site: www. winduprecords.com; Web site—Finger Eleven Official Web site: http://www.fingereleven.com.

bum, Letters from Chutney, with the proceeds. Shortly after the album’s release that same year, Gommerman left the band and was replaced by Beddoe. The reformed group adopted a somewhat heavier sound that dominated its first official release as Finger Eleven, 1998’s Tip. Writing in the All Music Guide, Roxanne Blanford praised this debut for its “catchy hooks and reflective lyrics ѧ giving songs like ‘Above’ and ‘Awake and Dreaming’ remarkable levels of emotion.” Although the album did not make a significant impact on the American charts, it gained Finger Eleven a deal with U.S. label Wind-Up Records and spawned a number of singles that performed well in the group’s native country. Two years later, Finger Eleven followed up with Greyest of Blue Skies. Audiences took note of the album, which ultimately achieved platinum status in Canada (over 100,000 albums sold) and peaked at number 19 on the Billboard Heatseekers chart in the United States. Jared Story later acknowledged in CHARTattack that Finger Eleven “pretty much attained Canadian household status after ѧ Greyest of Blue Skies.” The album earned the group two nominations for 2001 Juno awards—the Canadian equivalent of the Grammys—one for Best Rock Album and another in the Best Video category for the track “Drag You Down.” International success truly arrived for Finger Eleven on the heels of its third album for Wind-Up Records, the self-titled Finger Eleven, released in 2003. The power ballad “One Thing” offered a poppier side of the hard rock group and provided them with its first crossover hit. Slowly moving from the Mainstream Rock chart to

52 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

the Adult charts and finally to number ten on the Billboard Top 40 chart, “One Thing” propelled Finger Eleven to previously unknown levels of success in the United States and cemented its Canadian stardom. The album sold over 500,000 copies in the United States, granting it gold-selling status; in Canada, Finger Eleven followed its predecessor to platinum sales figures. Finger Eleven enjoyed considerable recognition for the album in its native Canada, earning a Juno nomination for Group of the Year and a Much Music award for Best Video for “One Thing” in 2004. The following year, the band again received a Juno nomination, this time for Single of the Year with “One Thing.” By 2005 the band had begun retreating from the limelight to write and demo new material for its follow-up to Finger Eleven. Exchanging ideas over the Internet, the group penned what its Web site later claimed was “over 100 songs ѧ of varying styles and colors, ranging from rock to country to dance to funk to old ’60s songs.” Two years later, Finger Eleven unleashed its fourth album for Wind-Up, Them Vs. You Vs. Me. Fronted by the single “Paralyzer,” the album gained support from the band’s public, if not from critics. Chris Willman of Entertainment Weekly described the album as “forgettable fare.” Despite the absence of critical support, the slow-burning single “Paralyzer” crept up the Billboard charts for 28 weeks before reaching the top spot on the Mainstream Rock chart—the second-largest climb on record at the time, behind only the 40-week rise of “Headstrong” by rock band Trapt earlier in the decade. Fans purchased the album in droves, pushing Them Vs. You Vs. Me to platinum-selling status in Canada and gold in the United States. Finger Eleven returned to the Juno Awards in 2008 with three nominations under its belt: Group of the Year, Single of the Year for “Paralyzer,” and Rock Album of the Year for Them Vs. You Vs. Me. The group reached a new milestone of success when it took home the trophy for Rock Album of the Year. Soon after its awards success, Finger Eleven cracked the all-time top 20 on Soundscan’s RTD Digital Tracks chart, with “Paralyzer” clocking over 2,200,000 total downloads. Plug In Music quoted drummer Beddoe as saying that the ranking “completely overwhelms me and the rest of the band.” Shortly before Finger Eleven was due to begin a European tour in June of 2008, singer Anderson injured his neck, forcing the group to cancel a series of dates. However, Anderson soon made a full recovery and the summer of 2008 found Finger Eleven on the road crisscrossing the United States in support of Them vs. You vs. Me and the recently-released Us Vs. Then Vs. Now, a CD/DVD combo with special videos and behind-the-scenes footage. In August, Finger Eleven headlined the first night of entertainment at the twentieth annual Gatineau Hot Air Balloon Festival in Gatineau, Quebec; the band later rang in the New Year performing on both sides of midnight at the Ot-

tawa Samsung New Year’s Eve Celebration to open up 2009.

Sources Periodicals

In March of 2009, Finger Eleven guitarists Black and Jackett officially premiered their alternative country side project, Blackie Jackett Jr., at Canadian Music Week. Explaining their interest in a musical form so divergent from the harder fare which had made their careers, Black told CHARTattack’s Aaron Brophy that “country music as everybody knows it is just pop music with a cowboy hat and shiny shirts. This goes back to the older stuff. This goes back to a different time.” Blackie Jackett Jr.’s first album was anticipated for release in June of 2009.

Selected discography (As the Rainbow Butt Monkeys) Letters from Chutney, Mercury, 1995. Tip, Wind-Up, 1998. Greyest of Blue Skies, Wind-Up, 2000. Finger Eleven, Wind-Up, 2003. Them Vs. You Vs. Me, Wind-Up, 2007.

Billboard, December 8, 2007, p. 78; December 20, 2008, p. 158. Canadian Musician, March–April 2007, p. 34. Entertainment Weekly, March 16, 2007, p. 68.

Online “About Finger Eleven,” Finger Eleven Official Web site, http:// www.fingereleven.com/site/band/asp (May 11, 2009). “Finger Eleven,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (May 9, 2009). “Finger Eleven: Best of 2007,” CHARTattack.com, December 11, 2008, http://www.chartattack.com (May 11, 2009). “Finger Eleven Going Country,” CHARTattack.com, http:// www.chartattack.com (May 11, 2009). “Finger Eleven: Juno Awards Artist Summary,” JUNO Awards, http://www.junoawards.ca (May 9, 2009). “Finger Eleven’s Paralyzer Hits the All-Time Top 20 on Digital Tracks Chart,” Plug In Music, http://www.pluginmusic.com (May 9, 2009). “MMVA 04,” MuchMusic.com, http://www.muchmusic.com (May 11, 2009). —Vanessa Vaughn

Finger Eleven • 53

T

Flogging Molly Vocal group

he Irish-American band Flogging Molly has combined punk rock and Irish traditional music in an inseparable mix. “If we didn’t have the fiddle or the bodhran we would be a punk band, and if we didn’t have the bass or electric guitar we’d be a traditional Irish group,” frontman and principal songwriter Dave King explained to Daniel McConnell of the Irish Independent. Other bands before Flogging Molly, notably the Pogues, had combined Irish music and rock, but this Los Angeles-based band brought new elements to the mixture: infectious punk energy and serious songwriting to counterbalance the band’s highpowered numbers. By 2009 those new elements had brought Flogging Molly to a level of commercial success rare for bands in either the punk or Irish traditional genres. The roots of Flogging Molly’s music lay in King’s childhood. A native of Dublin, Ireland, he was born around 1962 and was exposed early to the music of the pioneering Irish band the Dubliners. His father also liked American country music. King was impressed by the songs of Johnny Cash. “To me, Johnny Cash is punk,” he told Randy Lewis of the Los Angeles Times in an article printed in the Bergen County, New Jersey Record. After his father died of cancer when King was

© Jared milgrim/Corbis

54 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

For the Record . . .

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embers include: Dennis Casey, guitar; Mat-

thew Hensley, accordion, concertina, piano;

Dave King, vocals; Nathen Maxwell, bass guitar; Bridget Regan, violin, tin whistle, classical guitar, Uilleann pipes; Robert Schmidt, mandolin, banjo; George Schwindt, percussion. Formed c. 1994 in Los Angeles, CA; formed own Side One Dummy label; released debut album, Swagger, 2000; Drunken Lullabies, 2002; Within a Mile of Home, 2004; Float, 2008. Addresses: Booking—Villam Artist Management, 4622 Hollywood Blvd., Ste. A, Los Angeles, CA 90027. Web site—Flogging Molly Official Web site: http://www. floggingmolly.com.

ten, the youngster began to seek out other music, but it wasn’t punk rock that appealed to him at first. “It was mostly rich kids who were into [punk],” he told Lewis. After his father’s death, King faced some hard times and had the responsibility of getting out and earning money although he was only in his mid-teens. “The music that I was listening to then was by Bowie, T. Rex, and all of the colorful type[s] of music that would pull me out of the daily grind and grunge of what life was like in Ireland at the time,” he told Greg Haymes of the Albany Times Union. He discovered heavy metal and soon began to listen to it and to perform it as a vocalist. King’s first break came in 1983 when he was chosen as a vocalist for the new band Fastway, formed by guitarist “Fast” Eddie Clarke of the durable speed metal band Motorhead. King spent four years with Fastway, touring with AC/DC and other leading heavy metal bands. After leaving Fastway in 1987, King drifted in and out of music for several years. He returned to Ireland temporarily, then entered the United States once again and remained there after his visa expired, scraping together a living by painting houses and driving trucks. It was a new relationship, professional and later personal, that brought King back to performing and inspired him to carry his music forward: around 1994 he met Irish-born fiddler Bridget Regan. (The two later married, in 2008, at a Shinto shrine in Shibuya, Japan, after King’s previous marriage dissolved.) “It was one of those light bulb moments,” King was quoted as saying by C.B. Liddell in Japan’s Asahi

Shimbun. “It seemed like somebody switched on a light that lit up so many things. ѧ I remember meeting her and we got together and she started playing fiddle, and it just seemed to hit me that because I can’t physically go home, maybe in some way I can go back musically.” In the mid-1990s the pair got together with other musicians: guitarist Dennis Casey, accordionist and concertina player Matt Hensley, bassist Nathen Maxwell, mandolinist and banjoist Robert Schmidt, and percussionist George Schwindt. The group began performing at a Los Angeles club called Molly Malone’s that was oriented toward Irish music but attracted musicians who were interested in a variety of styles. The club not only gave Flogging Molly its name but offered the new band a space in which they could experiment with a sound that merged grinding punk guitars with fiddle, accordion, and the large bodhran drum. The band didn’t seem marketable to music industry figures in Los Angeles—it didn’t fit any musical category, for one thing, and its members ranged in age from their 20s to their 40s. That didn’t stop King and Flogging Molly, however; with a healthy dose of the DIY (do-it-yourself) ethic common in the punk genre, they formed their own label, Side One Dummy, and released their debut, Swagger, in 2000. The album attracted fans with its hangover anthem, “The Worst Day Since Yesterday,” that later appeared in the Hollywood film Mr. and Mrs. Smith. Swagger sold more than 50,000 copies, a strong showing for a self-released album by an unknown independent band. Flogging Molly went on to make a major impact with their 2002 album Drunken Lullabies, featuring the punk number “Rebels of the Sacred Heart.” That album sold some 300,000 copies, and its successor, Within a Mile of Home (2004), also notched sales figures in that range, aided by the duet “Factory Girls,” sung by King and alternative country chanteuse Lucinda Williams. Flogging Molly’s impressive sales figures resulted partly from near-constant touring. Prior to one West Coast swing in early 2005, King told Mike Osegueda of the Fresno Bee that “This is [the] first break we’ve ever had since we started touring. ѧ I’ve had to learn how to relax. ѧ You sit down, and you’re reading the newspaper, and you’re like, ‘I should be doing something.’” The range of venues where Flogging Molly appeared matched the variety of their music, extending from punk bars to Irish music festivals, and included many different kinds of places in between. By 2007, when the band released a new set of songs on the iTunes digital download service, the group was touring headlinersized venues in the United States. For its 2008 album Float, Flogging Molly recorded in Ireland for the first time. King and Regan took up residence in County Wexford, but ironically, Flogging

Flogging Molly • 55

Molly as a band remained almost unknown in Ireland. Float, like Flogging Molly’s earlier releases, featured serious and even political compositions in addition to crowd-pleasing anthems. King told Scott McLennan of the Worcester, Massachusetts Telegram & Gazette that “it’s a very Irish thing to mix downtrodden times and a sense of humor.” Flogging Molly’s career continued to build with Float, which made its debut at number one on Billboard magazine’s independent releases chart, reached number four on the Billboard 200 album sales chart, and landed the band on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. Flogging Molly’s unique musical mix began to seem more and more like a signfiicant development, but King insisted that it wasn’t so unusual. “I get asked how I can mix Irish music with punk rock, but to me Irish music is punk rock,” he told the New York Post. “It’s rabble-rousing, emotional music—that’s the essence of punk.”

Selected discography Swagger, Side One Dummy, 2000. Drunken Lullabies, Side One Dummy, 2002. Within a Mile of Home, Side One Dummy, 2004. Float, Side One Dummy, 2008.

56 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Sources Periodicals Albany Times Union (Albany, NY), September 13, 2007, p. P20. Baltimore Sun, March 4, 2008. Daily Variety, March 20, 2002, p. 24. Fresno Bee, January 28, 2005, p. E5. Guitar Player, December 2004, p. S82. New York Post, July 29, 2008, p. 39. Record (Bergen County, NJ), April 12, 2005, p. F6. Rocky Mountain News (Denver, CO), October 18, 2002, p. D23. Telegram & Gazette (Worcester, MA), February 17, 2008, p. G1.

Online “Band at top of US charts unknown at home,” Irish Independent, March 16, 2008, http://www.independent.ie/entertain ment/music/band-at-top-of-us-chart-unknown-at-home-13 18903.html (April 29, 2009). “King of Flogging Molly not slowing down,” Asahi Shimbun, English version, (Tokyo, Japan), http://www.asahi.com/eng lish/Herald-asahi/TKY200902130073.html (April 29, 2009). “The Band,” Flogging Molly Official Web site, http://www. floggingmolly.com (April 29, 2009). —James M. Manheim

O

ne of numerous singer/songwriters to emerge from the introversion-oriented years of the early 1970s, Dan Fogelberg became a success with melodic rock songs that often explored the bittersweet aspects of love and relationships. Fogelberg was by no means a great critical success, but his sound was pleasing to a generation of rock fans whose musical tastes had tempered since the dissonant, heavily electric acid rock days of the late 1960s. After the singer’s death in 2007, the New York Times observed that Fogelberg hits like “Leader of the Band” “helped define the soft-rock era.”

Dan Fogelberg

Fogelberg’s smooth sound was the result of a triedand-true approach that helped launch the careers of similar artists such as James Taylor, Paul Simon, Jackson Browne, Joni Mitchell, and Carole King. Though Fogelberg was not as commercially successful as those performers, his following remained strong, despite a growing impatience on the part of some rock critics who were waiting for an evolution in Fogelberg’s musical development. “Fogelberg is an incurable romantic, and after one or two songs you’re ready for someone to find a cure,” wrote Mark Peel in a review of the 1987 album Exiles in Stereo Review. “It wouldn’t be so bad if he had something new or interesting to say about love, but all he does is recycle the tired excuses and rationalizations couples use on one another when they’re too lazy to ‘think.’” Perhaps taking those criticisms to heart, Fogelberg ventured into bluegrass, environmentally-themed songs, and even traditional Christmas music in later releases.

Singer, songwriter

© Henry Diltz/Corbis

Born on August 13, 1951, Fogelberg grew up in Peoria, Illinois. Fogelberg, the son of a band leader father and an opera student mother, was “constantly surrounded by good music, whether I liked it or not,” he told Rolling Stone. He played the piano as a child and later began composing songs on the guitar. Fogelberg entered the University of Illinois as an art student, but after two years he became such a hit on the Midwest coffee house circuit that he was urged to head West in search of a recording contract. His first backer was the powerful Columbia Records executive Irving Azoff, a graduate of the University of Illinois who heard Fogelberg play at a fraternity party and was impressed. In Los Angeles, Fogelberg tried to find work as a session musician and eventually caught the eye of singer Van Morrison, who made Fogelberg part of his touring band. Eventually he signed with Columbia and moved to Nashville to record his first album, Home Free (1972), a critically acclaimed effort that was nonetheless virtually ignored by the label, which eventually dropped Fogelberg from its roster. But Fogelberg persevered in Nashville, working with such musicians as Roger McGuinn, Randy Newman, and Michael Stanley, and eventually things turned around for him. He was signed by the Epic label and came under the direct management of Azoff, who by then had established his reputation as manager for Joe Walsh and the Eagles. The Fogelberg/Azoff relation-

Fogelberg • 57

For the Record . . .

B

orn on August 13, 1951, in Peoria, IL; died of

prostate cancer on December 16, 2007, in Deer

Isle, ME; son of a band leader father and an opera singer mother; married, wife’s name Jean. Education: Attended University of Illinois. Began performing original songs in coffee houses while student at University of Illinois, late 1960s; moved to Los Angeles and signed with Columbia Records, 1971; performed as back-up singer with Van Morrison tour; released first LP, Home Free, 1972; signed with Epic Records and manager Irving Azoff after being dropped by Columbia; released first LP with Epic, Souvenirs, 1974; collaborated with jazz-pop flutist Tim Weisberg on Twin Sons of Different Mothers and No Resemblance Whatsoever albums; appeared on soundtrack to 1980 film Urban Cowboy; achieved superstar status with album The Innocent Age and single “Leader of the Band,” 1981; with Chris Hillman, released bluegrass album Exiles, 1987; continued releasing albums on Full Moon label; released First Christmas Morning, 1999; released Full Circle, 2003. Awards: Rock Music Awards, Best New Male Vocalist, 1974, 1975. Addresses: Web site—http://www.danfogelberg.com.

ship culminated in the 1974 LP Souvenirs, which featured backing by Don Henley, Graham Nash, Glenn Frey, and Walsh (who also produced it). Souvenirs, helped along by the hit single “Part of the Plan,” went gold and launched Fogelberg into stardom—a stardom that Fogelberg had expected and seemed to understand: “I planned every step of this,” he told Rolling Stone. “I mean, this pop music isn’t going to last forever. You gotta realize that there’s a five-year period or so when your peak popularity is—you’re lucky if it lasts that long.” Fogelberg certainly took advantage of his “peak popularity.” He followed Souvenirs with the 1975 release Captured Angel and the 1976 album Nether Lands, both of which went gold. In 1978 he collaborated with flutist Tim Weisberg on the platinum-selling LP Twin Sons of Different Mothers. This was followed by Phoenix, a 1980 release that sold more than two million copies, and the double-LP The Innocent Age,

58 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

another top ten record, and one that spawned the durable soft-rock anthem “Leader of the Band.” The song was widely thought to have been written about Fogelberg’s father. Despite his obvious appeal among record buyers, Fogelberg, reclusive by nature, never relished touring, preferring instead to remain secluded on the ranch he had purchased near Boulder, Colorado, the moment he could afford to move away from the L.A. music scene. Nevertheless the singer established himself as a solid touring act with a top-notch road band known as Fool’s Gold, who themselves cut a pair of relatively successful albums. Later Fogelberg divided his time between Colorado and a home he purchased on Deer Isle off the Maine coast. Fogelberg’s prophecy that he would enjoy about five years of high-level popularity proved broadly correct, and he never recaptured his commercial momentum of the late 1970s and early 1980s. He remained a strong concert draw, however, and issued Greetings from the West (1991) and another live album, Live: Something Old New Borrowed ѧ and Some Blues (2000). In his later studio releases, Fogelberg experimented with various styles and themes. The Wild Places and River of Souls stressed environmental themes in their lyrics. In 1995 Fogelberg reunited with Weisberg for No Resemblance Whatsoever, which featured high-tech soft jazz instrumentation. Fogelberg contemplated issuing an album of classical music, and in 1999 his holiday release First Christmas Morning drew on music from the European tradition as well as popular carols and Fogelberg’s own compositions. He returned to mine his original vein of folk-rock songwriting with 2003’s Full Circle. Fogelberg made plans to go on tour to support that release, but those plans were cut short by a diagnosis of prostate cancer that soon forced the singer to retire from performing and recording. One of his last recordings was “Sometimes a Song,” recorded in 2005 as a valentine for the singer’s wife, Jean; it was released as a single, with profits benefiting prostate cancer research. On his Web site, Fogelberg urged readers to undergo cancer screening. Before his death, he completed a final album, Love in Time, including “Sometimes a Song” and materials assembled from earlier compositions; it was slated for release in late 2009. Fogelberg died at his home on Deer Isle on December 16, 2007.

Selected discography Solo albums Home Free, Columbia, 1972. Souvenirs, Epic, 1974. Captured Angel, Epic, 1975. Nether Lands, Epic, 1977. Phoenix, Epic, 1980.

The Innocent Age, Epic, 1981. Greatest Hits, Epic, 1981. Windows and Walls, Epic, 1984. High Country Snows, Epic, 1985. (With Chris Hillman) Exiles, Epic, 1987. The Wild Places, Epic, 1990. Dan Fogelberg Live: Greetings from the West, Full Moon, 1991. River of Souls, 1993. First Christmas Morning, Chicago, 1999. Live: Something Old New Borrowed ѧ and Some Blues, Chicago, 2000. Full Circle, Morning Sky, 2003.

With Tim Weisberg Twin Sons of Different Mothers, Epic, 1978. No Resemblance Whatsoever, Giant, 1995. Love in Time, 2009.

Sources Books Clifford, Mike, The Harmony Illustrated Encyclopedia of Rock, Harmony Books, 1986.

Pareles, Jon, and Patricia Romanowski, The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock, Rolling Stone Press, 1983.

Periodicals Billboard, March 15, 2008, p. 38. Entertainment Weekly, October 13, 1995, p. 77. Guardian (London, England), January 11, 2008, p. 42. New York Times, December 17, 2007, p. A29. Rolling Stone, August 25, 1977. Sing Out!, Spring 2008, p. 170. Stereo Review, October 1987. Variety, December 24, 2007, p. 32. Virginian Pilot (Norfolk, VA), December 23, 2007, p. B11.

Online “Dan Fogelberg,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (May 1, 2009). “News,” Dan Fogelberg Official Web site, http://www.dan fogelberg.com (May 1, 2009). “A Tribute: Dan Fogelberg’s Legacy,” Ellsworth American (Ellsworth, ME), http://www.ellsworthmaine.com/site/index. php/2007121911859/Latest/A-Tribute-Dan-Fogelbergs-Le gacy.html (May, 1, 2009). —David Collins and James M. Manheim

Fogelberg • 59

for James Brown, and Ritenour had played with The Mamas & the Papas. After completing Grand Piano Canyon, James approached the others about doing an album as a quartet, and Fourplay was born. Members Forged Solo Careers First

Fourplay Jazz group

S

ince the early 1990s, the all-star supergroup Fourplay has been a fixture on the contemporary jazz charts. In 1991 the instrumental quartet released its self-titled debut album, which spent 33 weeks in the number one position on Billboard’s contemporary jazz chart, setting a new record. Fourplay’s smooth songs— which mix R&B, pop and jazz—are accessible to the average listener but also contain enough innovative harmonies and arrangements to draw in seasoned audiences. Before hooking up, the members of Fourplay—bassist Nathan East, keyboardist Bob James, drummer Harvey Mason and guitarist Lee Ritenour— were each well-known session players, composers, and soloists in their own right. “Together, these veterans have formed a band whose commercial appeal just won’t quit,” music critic Josef Woodard wrote in the Los Angeles Times shortly after Fourplay released its debut album. “It’s not hard to figure out why. The songs are perfectly harmless, perfectly hummable. The solos are concise and the rhythms tumble about amiably.” Nearly two decades later, Fourplay was still together, having weathered one lineup change when Ritenour was replaced by guitar master Larry Carlton. Over the course of that time, Fourplay released six chart-topping albums and showed no signs of letting up. The story of Fourplay dates to 1990, when keyboardist and composer Bob James summoned East, Mason, and Ritenour to help him record an album of original songs called Grand Piano Canyon. Each of the men was already a formidable talent, and James wanted nothing but the best for his album. East had worked with Anita Baker and Elton John, Mason had kept time

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Each member of this new jazz supergroup had been playing music since childhood. Born in 1955, East grew up in San Diego, California. He initially played cello but switched to bass guitar in his teens and performed in a church band alongside his brothers. In 1978 East earned a music degree from the University of California-San Diego and soon made a name for himself as a trustworthy session player. By the 1980s East was backing Eric Clapton, both on tour and in the studio. East’s bass lines can be heard on Clapton’s 1992 Grammy-winning album Unplugged, which featured the heartfelt ballad “Tears in Heaven.” A prolific session player, East’s recording credits extend to more than 1,000 records. Fourplay’s rhythm keeper, Mason, was born in 1947 in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Mason started banging out rhythms as a young child. At night he smashed his pillow into a ball and drummed along to the beat of the family’s washing machine. Mason started drum lessons at seven. He studied at the Berklee School of Music and the New England Conservatory of Music, both located in Boston, Massachusetts. Mason honed his skills doing session work at a local Boston studio, then toured Europe with jazz pianist Errol Garner in 1970 before settling in Los Angeles, where he became a session player, playing the snare drum, marimba, or whatever percussive instrument was needed. Mason backed Herbie Hancock on his 1974 jazz fusion masterpiece Head Hunters and signed with Arista Records as a solo artist in 1976. In the late 1980s, Mason studied film scoring at the University of California-Los Angeles and has contributed to countless movie soundtracks. James told Jazz Review’s Nina Goodrich that Mason was a phenomenal drummer to work with because, as a composer, he understood musical nuances and was able to act as more of a conductor than a drummer. “He shapes the music. A drummer always has a lot of power in a group, but that power can sometimes be restrictive in the sense that if it’s just a metronome or if he’s just a time keeper, it’s more difficult to make the music flow. The conductor within him gives room to make the music flow. He’s loose when we need a lot of freedom. He also tightens up when we need to have that real strong groove.” The band’s original guitarist, Ritenour, was born in 1952 in Los Angeles. At 16, he played with The Mamas & the Papas and at 18 accompanied Lena Horne and Tony Bennett. During the 1970s, Ritenour became a popular session musician and over the course of his

Joined Forces in Early 1990s For the Record . . .

M

embers include Larry Carlton (born March 2,

1948, in Torrance, California; replaced Lee

Ritenour, 1998), guitar; Nathan East (born in 1955 in Philadelphia; son of Thomas and Gwendolyn East), bass, vocals; Bob James (born on December 25, 1939, in Marshall, MO), keyboards; Harvey Mason (born February 22, 1947, in Atlantic City, NJ), drums; Lee Ritenour (born in 1952 in Los Angeles; left in 1998), guitar. Group formed, signed with Warner Brothers, released self-titled debut, 1991; switched labels, signed with Bluebird/RCA Victor, 2002; signed with Heads Up International, 2008. Addresses: Management—Sonny Abelardo Management, 1770 Cheyenne Trail, Maitland, FL 32751. Record company—Heads Up International, 23309 Commerce Park Rd., Cleveland, OH 44122. Web site— Fourplay Official Web site: http://www.fourplayjazz. com.

career has amassed more than 3,000 credits to his name. He played alongside Herbie Hancock, Steely Dan, Dizzy Gillespie, and Pink Floyd. In 1981 Ritenour scored a minor pop hit with the song “Is It You,” which he co-wrote with Erik Tagg, who recorded the song and took it to number 15 on the pop charts. Born in Marshall, Missouri, in 1939, James took up piano as a youngster, initially taught by a nun at the local Catholic school. By high school he was playing the trumpet and tympani and had hooked up with a local dance band. James attended the University of Michigan, earning a bachelor’s degree in music in 1961 and a master’s degree in musical composition in 1962. In 1963 James created a buzz with his jazz trio while playing at the Notre Dame Jazz Festival. Before the year was out, he had recorded his first solo album, Bold Conceptions. During the 1970s James played keyboards for other artists. He is famously known for composing the instrumental “Angela,” which served as the theme song for the 1978-1983 hit televsion comedy series Taxi. James also collaborated with alto saxophonist David Sanborn, producing songs for 1986’s Double Vision, which received frequent airplay on easy listening stations.

The careers of East, James, Mason, and Ritenour converged in 1990 and the foursome decided to start their own group, dubbing it Fourplay. They released a self-titled album in 1991, which shot to the top of the contemporary jazz charts. The foursome recorded most of the album live in an effort to give equal playtime to each artist. “We definitely didn’t go into the studio to show off,” Ritenour told Guitar Player’s Chris Gill. “You don’t hear a lot of one guy taking a long solo. You hear a constant dialog between the four members. When we get together, there’s such a nice feeling that we just want to get on one chord and groove.” To add variety to the smooth jazz instrumentals comprising the disc, Fourplay inserted one cover, Marvin Gaye’s “After the Dance,” placing El DeBarge on guest lead vocals. Released as a single to draw attention to the new group, “After the Dance” hit number two on Billboard’s Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart. Warner Brothers executives were not surprised by the disc’s success. “It was apparent from the first time I heard it that this was a very good record that had a lot of depth,” Warner Brothers’ Ricky Schultz told Zan Stewart of the Los Angeles Times. “There weren’t just two or three good songs and the rest filler.” The album became the longest-running number one on the contemporary jazz charts. Over the next 18 years, Fourplay put out nine more albums. Six of them topped the contemporary jazz chart, including Between the Sheets (1993); Elixir (1995), which featured guest vocals by Phil Collins; 4 (1998); Fourplay ѧ Yes, Please! (2000), which fused blues, folk and Celtic influences; X (2006); and Energy (2008). Along the way, the group endured one lineup change when Ritenour stepped out in 1998. Larry Carlton took over on guitar, providing a seamless transition. Like the other members of Fourplay, Carlton took up music at a young age. Born in 1948, Carlton grew up in Southern California and picked up his first guitar at age six. By junior high, he was hooked on jazz and began studying the styles of various jazz musicians. “Every day after high school I would put on a Joe Pass record or a John Coltrane record and listen and analyze and steal licks,” he told Philip Booth of the St. Petersburg Times. “Then I got turned on to the blues and I listened to Albert Collins and B.B. King.” In the early 1970s, he joined The Crusaders, a jazz-funk group. Carlton also did studio work in Los Angeles, playing alongside Joni Mitchell and John Lennon. He gained notoriety for playing a challenging and distinctive electric guitar solo on the 1976 Steely Dan hit “Kid Charlemagne,” which Rolling Stone called one of the best rock guitar solos of all time.

Fourplay • 61

Forged a Chemistry that “Cooks” While Fourplay’s albums sell well, the group “is even better live,” music critic Dirk Sutro wrote in the Los Angeles Times, “with all four members taking long, imaginative solos.” Over the years the band has toured the globe, hitting Britain, Spain, Japan, Korea, Thailand, and the United States. “Fourplay has talent to burn and great original material, but the subtle chemistry among its members is what makes the music cook,” Sutro wrote. “Here are four humble players who know that the spaces between notes can be just as valuable as the notes themselves.” In 2008 Fourplay switched record companies, signing with the indie label Heads Up International. That same year, Fourplay released its tenth disc, Energy, featuring the opener “Fortune Teller,” which included a magical musical exchange between James and Carlton. The disc also contained a tune called “Cape Town,” which featured bassist East on vocals. Once again, the group’s spicy interactions and sharp improvisations sent the album to the top of the charts and the members looked forward to a long future together. “The other three guys energize me,” James told Goodrich. “What happens when the four of us come together is hard to define exactly, but, it’s a lot of magic and energy, and never anything less than tremendous fun.”

Selected discography Albums Fourplay, Warner Brothers, 1991. Between the Sheets, Warner Brothers, 1993.

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Elixir, Warner Brothers, 1995. 4, Warner Brothers, 1998. Snowbound, Warner Brothers, 1999. Fourplay ѧ Yes, Please!, Warner Brothers, 2000. Heartfelt, Bluebird/RCA Victor, 2002. Journey, RCA Victor, 2004. X, RCA Victor, 2006. Energy, Heads Up, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, March 7, 1992, p. 14; July 3, 2004, p. 35. Guitar Player, May 1992, p. 25. Los Angeles Times, April 9, 1992, p. 5; April 17, 1992, p. 23; April 20, 1992, p. 1. St. Petersburg Times (FL), September 21, 2006, p. 24W.

Online “About Us: Bob, Nathan, Larry, Harvey,” Fourplay Official Web site, http://www.fourplayjazz.com/about.html (March 18, 2009). “Biography,” Harvey Mason Official Web site, http://www. harveymason.com (March 18, 2009). “Bob James: Energy,” Jazz Review, http://www.jazz.review. com/article/review-6538.html (March 18, 2009). “Bob’s Bio,” Fourplay Official Web site, http://www.four playjazz.com/artists/bob.html (March 18, 2009). “Lee Ritenour’s Current Biography,” Lee Ritenour Official Web site, http://www.leeritenour.com/biography (March 18, 2009). “Nathan’s Bio,” Fourplay Official Web site, http://www.four playjazz.com/artists/nathan.html (March 18, 2009). —Lisa Frick

standing about who I am as an individual and where I fit in with my feelings.” Formed Disposable Heroes

Michael Franti

After completing high school in northern California, Franti ambled down to San Francisco. He attended college at the University of San Francisco, and soon found himself drifting increasingly to music. He picked up a bass guitar from an area pawn shop and began doodling around. At the same time, Franti became acquainted with Dr. Harry Edwards, a sociologist at the Berkeley campus who, back in 1968, had organized politically motivated protests by African-American athletes at the Olympics in Mexico City. Edwards urged Franti to study and investigate the world around him. Franti subsequently began devoting his energies to his newfound passions for music and social issues. He eventually became part of a band called the Beatnigs, which recorded an album on Jello Biafra’s Alternative Tentacles label. The group attracted some critical attention, but it eventually broke up.

Rap musician

M

ichael Franti emerged as one of the most provocative and talented members of the crowded rap/hip-hop universe in the early 1990s. A musician with a chameleonlike ability to reshape his musical style from album to album, Franti first garnered attention with an avant-garde funk outfit known as the Beatnigs. He then moved on to the Disposable Heroes of Hiphoprisy, a fiery, politically charged group drenched in a booming industrial rap sound. After the Disposable Heroes folded, Franti reinvented his sound once again and in 1994 founded the group Spearhead. Critics and fans alike were bowled over when Spearhead’s first effort, Home, was released. As reviewer Ken Capobianco remarked in The Tab, “Nothing in Disposable [Heroes of Hiphoprisy] prepares you for Franti’s new brain-child, Spearhead, a diverse mix of organic hip-hop, pop and Franti’s vivid verse filled with both potent politics and a newfound warmth and whimsy.” Franti was born in 1968 in Oakland, California. Put up for adoption as an infant, he spent his first months of life in a number of foster homes. When he was still a toddler, he was adopted by a white family that moved around to various California locales throughout his childhood. Years later Franti searched for and found his birth parents—his mother was white, his father black— but he recognized that “When it’s all over, it’s the people who raised me who are my parents. ѧThey loved me and looked after me all those years,” he told Mike Greenblatt of Right On!, adding, “So as I’ve gotten older [and] digested the information ѧ I have an under-

As memory of the Beatnigs faded, Franti and another member of that band, Rono Tse, formed the Disposable Heroes of Hiphoprisy. The new hip-hop duo began releasing singles in 1991, and received almost universal critical accolades from reviewers, including Mark Rowland of Musician, who hailed Franti’s “articulate, politically provocative and subtly nuanced raps.” Detroit’s Metro Times summarized the critical buzz around the band, noting, “Whereas other rap artists indulge the genre in all its gangsterish trappings, the Heroes use their dense, dense rhythms as an accessible and confrontational platform for their dense, dense politics,” which included uncompromising stands against the Gulf War, racism, anti-gay violence, and other issues. After the release of their album Hypocrisy Is the Greatest Luxury on the 4th & Broadway label, Franti and Tse further consolidated their standing with a series of memorable concerts. Soon the Heroes were asked to tour with music giants Arrested Development and U2. Ultimately, though, the Heroes fell by the wayside. “The truth is that Disposable Heroes wasn’t even a record I would listen to at home,” Franti told Rolling Stone contributor David Wild. “The big problem with Disposable Heroes was that it was a record people listened to because it was good for them—kind of like broccoli.” New Project: Spearhead After the Disposable Heroes disbanded, Franti turned for inspiration to the music he’d listened to while growing up—acts like Marvin Gaye, Earth, Wind & Fire, Bob Marley, and Parliament. His next project, Spearhead, reflected those influences. “This time around,” he ex-

Franti • 63

For the Record . . .

B

orn in 1968 in Oakland, CA, to Tom Hopkins and

Mary Rodrick, an interracial couple; adopted and

raised by Charles (an epidemiologist; died 2003) and Carole Franti, a white couple; married Tara Franti-Rye; children: Cappy (from a previous relationship), Ade (with Franti-Rye). Education: Attended University of San Francisco, late 1980s. Formed Beatnigs with fellow musicians, released album on Alternative Tentacles label, late 1980s; formed Disposable Heroes of Hiphoprisy with ex-Beatnig Rono Tse; released Hypocrisy Is the Greatest Luxury, 1992; opened for Arrested Development and U2 on concert tours, then disbanded; formed Spearhead, 1994; released Home, 1995; Chocolate Supa Highway, 1997; Stay Human, 2001; Everyone Deserves Music, 2003; Songs from the Front Porch, 2003; Yell Fire!, 2006; All Rebel Rockers, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Six Degrees Records, P.O. Box 411347, San Francisco, CA 94141-1347.

plained to URB Magazine contributor Jazzbo, “I wanted to make music that you could bounce your head to, that you could enjoy putting on and chill with at your house.” Still, Franti’s desire to comment on the world around him had not waned. “It wasn’t that I didn’t want to make statements anymore,” he told Michael Roberts of Westword. “But when I was a kid, I got into the music first, and then later, after I’d listened to the songs for awhile, I started hearing what the artists had to say. And that’s what I wanted to do.” Franti gathered together a diverse range of musical talent to form Spearhead. He recruited Mary Harris and Ras I Zulu to share the vocal chores, then rounded out the group’s lineup with instrumentalists Liane Jamison, Keith McArthur, James Gray, and David James. The new group then entered the studio to record their first album, Home. A seamless fusion of hip-hop, funk, reggae, and jazz, Home featured pointed political commentary next to easygoing affirmations of the simple pleasures of Home and family. Critics noted that party songs of a decidedly funky bent, such as “Red Beans and Rice,” complemented rather than neutralized powerful militant numbers like “Dream Team.” Other tracks were hailed as well, among them “Positive,” a song described by Vibe columnist Tricia Rose as “the tension-ridden, soul jazz journey of a young

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man who’s finally decided to be tested for AIDS,” and “Hole in the Bucket,” Franti’s intriguing version of a bouncy Jamaican folksong popularized by Harry Belafonte a generation before. Home enjoyed almost universal critical praise upon its release. West County Times reviewer Tim Goodman wrote, “Consider Home to be the nineties version of Marvin Gaye’s classic, What’s Going On. It’s that great.” New York Newsday’s Ira Robbins agreed, calling Spearhead’s debut album “smart, funny, funky, and glowing with humanity.” Impossible to Pigeonhole Ironically, the album’s diverse mix of soul, hip-hop, and jazz hindered its acceptance by the niche-oriented radio industry, which was unable to pigeonhole Spearhead into a single musical category. But while Franti wanted Spearhead to be heard, his primary concern was being true to his musical vision. “When I write songs, I write about human emotion and feelings which everybody has. It doesn’t matter if you’re black, white or brown,” Franti told Extreme writer Chris Sanderson. He further explained to Jazzbo, “I feel as an artist you have some responsibility to elevate the consciousness of your listener. I know that not everybody feels that way. Some artists felt that their motivation is to make people dance and that’s cool. But for my music, I feel I have responsibility.” In 1997 Franti and Spearhead released Chocolate Supa Highway, which included quest performances by Stephen Marley, Joan Osborne, South African rappers Prophets of Da City, and members of Zap Mama. Typically, the album defied easy categorization, and Franti relied on extensive touring to get word of the record out to listeners. Capitol Records’ senior director of marketing, Clark Staub, told Havelock Nelson in Billboard that the label hoped the album would appeal to the “developing, emerging hip-hop/mainstreamcrossover crowd,” and released singles both to outlets in the black community and to such groups as subscribers of a snowboarding magazine. Franti and Spearhead released Stay Human in 2001. The album ranged across soul, reggae, and even disco, with no notably hip-hop tracks at all. Franti told Michael Odell in the London Guardian, “I wanted to make the music I grew up with,” and added, “This is like a homecoming.” The album is based on the concept that the songs are being played by a fictitious radio station, Stay Human, which is keeping vigil for a condemned woman on death row. Sister Fatima, a herbal healer who uses marijuana as a medicine, is due to be executed for killing two businesspeople, but in reality she is innocent. The songs portray her death, the confession by the real murderer, the suicide of the state governor,

and the FBI storming the radio station and shutting it down. Peter Garden wrote in Briarpatch that the album “is a near perfect mix of danceable songs with political commentary,” and Billboard reviewer Timothy White called it “a landmark listening experience ѧ a spellbinding alloy of artistic tenderness and topical intensity.” In 2004 Franti released Everyone Deserves Music, which included his socially conscious lyrics overlaid on a blend of hip-hop, reggae, rock, jazz, funk, and pop. In the Charleston, South Carolina Post and Courier, Mark Pantsari described the album’s “flowing rhymes, melodic style and soulful singing,” and felt that the music “can easily make listeners stop and think about the music’s message and dance like no one is watching.” In London’s Guardian, Dave Simpson wrote that the album achieves a balance between political manifesto and exuberant music, and that it would “take him closer to the mass audience he deserves.” However, in the U.K.’s Independent on Sunday, Simmy Richman wrote that Franti’s political edginess had been softened too much on this album, making it “a disappointment.”

people on an emotional level and bring out feelings that don’t have a chance to breathe and exist in the real world.” He also noted that music could “inspire a vision,” or it could “go for the lowest common denominator and try and sell as many records as possible,” and asked, “Is our end goal to become adrenalized by conflict or to improve the lives of people around us?”

Selected discography With Disposable Heroes of Hiphoprisy Hypocrisy Is the Greatest Luxury, 4th & Broadway, 1992.

With Spearhead Home, Capitol, 1994. Chocolate Supa Highway, Capitol, 1997. Stay Human, Boo Boo Wax/Six Degrees Records, 2001. Everyone Deserves Music, Boo Boo Wax/Parlophone, 2003. Songs from the Front Porch, Boo Boo Wax/Six Degrees Records, 2003. Yell Fire! Boo Boo Wax/Six Degrees Records, 2006. All Rebel Rockers, Anti/Epitaph, 2008.

Traveled to Middle East In 2005 Franti released a film titled I Know I Am Not Alone, which he directed and produced. The film, a documentary, follows Franti on a trip to Iraq and the Palestinian Territory to examine the lives of people living under the occupations of the United States and Israel, respectively. Franti and his guitar were warmly welcomed into homes, cafes, and workplaces, where they filmed local people describing their experiences before and after the occupation. He also interviewed American troops in Iraq; although some did not agree with his political message, they all enjoyed his music. Franti also presented some of the work being done to promote peace in these regions. In Daily Variety, Ronnie Scheib wrote that the film helped put “a new perspective on the situation.” Franti’s next album, Yell Fire!, was released in 2006. The album, like the film, was a product of his travels in the Middle East, and presented Franti’s anti-war, tolerance-promoting beliefs in a “fervently uplifting album,” according to Jon Young in Mother Jones. All Rebel Rockers, released in 2008, continued Franti’s quest to write protest songs that were easy to listen to. The tracks included “Hey World,” which attacks the Patriot Act but “comes off as a positive rally for freedom with its addictive claps and flourishes,” according to Tamara Palmer in Metromix. She also commented that “Nobody Right, Nobody Wrong” was “totally singalong-worthy,” despite its lyrics describing the toll of war on average citizens. Franti told Timothy White in Billboard, “What makes popular music so important is that it can reach into

Sources Periodicals Billboard, June 17, 1995; February 8, 1997, p. 1; May 19, 2001, p. 3; September 13, 2008, p. 57. Black Beat, May 1995. Briarpatch, April 2002, p. 31. Daily Variety, December 29, 2005, p. 2. Extreme, April 1995. Guardian (London, England), April 30, 2001, p. 10; June 13, 2003, p. 18; Hip Hop Magazine, March 1995. Houston Chronicle, March 30, 1997, p. 6. Independent on Sunday (U.K.), June 15, 2003, p. 15. Metro Times (Detroit, MI), September 2, 1992. Mother Jones, September-October 2006, p. 98. Musician, January 1993. New York Newsday, December 24-25, 1994. Post and Courier (Charleston, SC), February 12, 2004, p. F5. Right On!, May 1995. Rolling Stone, January 26, 1995. San Francisco Chronicle, April 1, 1997, p. 48. Spin, November 1994. The Tab, March 14, 1995. URB Magazine, February 1995. Vibe, November 1994. West County Times, March 12, 1995. Westword, March 1, 1995.

Online “Album: Michael Franti & Spearhead, All Rebel Rockers (Epitaph),” Independent, http://www.independent.co.uk/ arts-entertainment/music/reviews/album-michael-franti--

Franti • 65

spearhead-all-rebel-rockers-epitaph-897250.html ( August 15, 2008). “CD Review: All Rebel Rockers,” Political Affairs, http://www. politicalaffairs/net/article/articleview/7387/ (April 14, 2009). “Charles E. Franti,” Yolo County Obituaries, http://www. cagenweb.com/yolo/yolobits/fm-fz.htm (April 8, 2009). “Michael Franti and Spearhead: All Rebel Rockers,” Baltimore City Paper, September 10, 2008, http://www.citypaper.com/music/review.asp?rid=13872 (April 14, 2009).

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“Rebel Rockers,” Metromix Chicago, http://www.chicago. metromix.com/music/cd_review/michael-franti-andspearhead/601770/content (April 14, 2009). Additional information for this profile was obtained from Capitol Records press material, 1995. —Kevin Hillstrom and Kelly Winters

D

The Fray Rock group

enver-based rock group The Fray became a worldwide sensation after the 2005 release of its debut album, How to Save a Life. The crossover success of the single “Over My Head (Cable Car)” and of the album’s title track, which has been featured on the television show Grey’s Anatomy, helped push the artists to multi-platinum-selling status and earned them two Grammy Award nominations. Extensive touring and a live album helped solidify the group’s appeal to audiences around the world. The top ten single “You Found Me” fronted The Fray’s self-titled 2009 sophomore release, which was promoted heavily on ABC thanks to a partnership between the band and the television network. The members of The Fray have been playing music for over a decade, although admittedly not together. Attending the same high school in Denver, Colorado, singer and pianist Isaac Slade was part of a band called Ember, while guitarist Joe King played with a group called Fancy’s Show Box. A few years after graduation, the two bumped into each other at a Denver-area guitar store and decided to start playing together. Eventually, Slade called on two former band mates, guitarist David Welsh and drummer Ben Wysocki, to complete the group’s lineup. Prior to form-

Gaye Gerard/WireImage/Getty Images

The Fray • 67

For the Record . . .

M

embers

include

Joe

King

(married,

two

children), guitar; Isaac Slade (married; wife’s

name Anna), vocals and piano; David Welsh (married; wife’s name Janelle), guitar; and Ben Wysocki (married), drums. Addresses: Record company—Epic Records, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022-3211, Web site: http:// www.epicrecords.com. Web site—The Fray Official Web site: http://www.thefray.net.

ing The Fray, the band members had primarily been involved in Christian-influenced bands. Slade later explained the group’s decision to pursue secular rock to Stan Friedman of Christianity Today by saying that although he had written a number of Christian songs, “none of my friends outside the church understood any of my songs; we had a different ѧ vocabulary. So I went home and threw away all those songs.” The Fray soon wrote and recorded a handful of new songs and began shopping them around to local radio stations with little success. Leah Greenblatt, writing in Entertainment Weekly, commented that “initially, not even the local radio station would get behind their then-unfashionable sound.” However, the group finally managed to capture the attention of local station KTCL. After the station played “Over My Head (Cable Car)” on a local music program, The Fray began to develop a local fan base and was named Best New Band by the Denver publication Westworld in 2004. This local success was soon eclipsed when Epic Records became interested in the young Colorado four-piece. Signing to the major label in December of 2004, The Fray suddenly found itself touring with indie rock luminaries such as Weezer and Ben Folds rather than playing for a handful of local fans at tiny Denver venues. The group dedicated part of 2005 to recording How to Save a Life, its first album for Epic. Released that September, the album initially garnered a tepid response from critics. Writing in the All Music Guide, Tim Sendra commented that “the Denver four-piece has the requisite piano and flag-waving choruses of the Brits, the slick sound and unfailing conservatism of ѧ [adultoriented rock] bands, and the over-emoted vocals and confessional nature that are cornerstones of emo. What they don’t have is much originality.” However, music listeners responded with more enthusiasm, taking the album’s single “Over My Head (Cable Car)” to number five on the Billboard Adult chart by the end of the year.

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As momentum slowly grew behind “Over My Head (Cable Car),” The Fray received what would become a significant push to its worldwide success when the popular television drama Grey’s Anatomy highlighted the album’s second single, “How to Save a Life,” in its commercials. This massive exposure won the group countless new listeners and helped propel its first album up the charts, where it peaked at number 14. Nielson SoundScan reported that digital sales of the title track nearly trebled after its initial placement on the ABC show. The band toured extensively through the spring and summer of 2006, slowly progressing to larger venues and attracting bigger crowds. A recording of one of these many shows was released in July of 2006 as Live at the Electric Factory. Despite growing audiences, the Fray worked to stay connected to their fans on a personal level. Friedman noted that “the e-mail responses and conversations with fans while on the road are affirmations of what Slade says is God’s call to the band away from the Christian music genre and into a secular market.” That secular market also brought The Fray artistic rewards, with the band earning two 2007 Grammy Award nominations: Best Pop Duo or Group with Vocal, for “Over My Head (Cable Car)” and Best Rock Duo or Group with Vocal, for “How to Save a Life.” The band spent the summer of 2007 touring the United States before entering the studio to record songs for its sophomore release. Hoping to recreate the success it found from its exposure on Grey’s Anatomy, in 2008 The Fray signed a partnership agreement with television network ABC to promote its forthcoming self-titled album. The album’s first single, “You Found Me,” made its debut during a Grey’s Anatomy commercial break as the soundtrack to a preview of the upcoming season of the ABC drama Lost. The song became the theme for Lost throughout its season, and the band also performed on the televised American Music Awards and on ABC talk shows. Speaking to Billboard’s Ayala BenYuhuda about the partnership, record label marketing executive Lee Stimmel commented that “because this band appeals to everyone from 8 to 80, television really does play a great role in exposing the music to a wider audience. And the band writes amazing songs that work with a picture.” The band has acknowledged that television and online integration have been key to its widespread popularity. Supported by the ABC promotional campaign, The Fray hit the streets—and the digital download services—in early 2009. It immediately rose to the top of the charts, selling nearly 180,000 copies in its first week of release. Although popular response to the album was strong, critics were less enthused by the band’s second collection of melodic piano-pop tunes. Mikael Wood of Entertainment Weekly described the album as “all-blah, all the time,” while the All Music Guide’s Andrew Leahey noted that the band was often “overshooting the rockers or reducing the ballads to little more than Isaac Slade’s zealous vocals.” How-

ever, the band’s fans pushed the single “You Found Me” to the number one position on the Billboard Adult chart and into the top ten of the pop chart, assuring the success of the group’s planned spring and summer tours throughout the United States and the United Kingdom.

Selected discography How to Save a Life, Epic, 2005. Live at the Electric Factory, Epic, 2006. The Fray, Epic, 2009.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, November 22, 2008, p. 28; February 28, 2008, p. 44.

Daily Variety, February 12, 2009, p. 5. Entertainment Weekly, February 23, 2007, p. 29; January 30, 2009, p. 97.

Online “Grammy Award Nomination 2007,” About.com Top 40/Pop, http://www.top40.about.com (May 11, 2009). “How to Save a Life,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (May 11, 2009). “Into the Fray,” Christianity Today, http://www.christianity today.com (May 11, 2009). “The Fray,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (May 9, 2009). “The Fray,” The Fray Official Web site, http://www.thefray.net (May 9, 2009). “The Fray Live the High ‘Life,’” Rolling Stone, http://www. rollingstone.com (May 11, 2009). —Vanessa Vaughn

The Fray • 69

Frightened Rabbit Indie rock group

S

cottish indie rock band Frightened Rabbit won critical acclaim on both sides of the Atlantic for their first two full-length releases, 2006’s Sing the Greys and 2008’s Midnight Organ Fight. The latter album and its opening track, “The Modern Leper,” gained the group nods on Pitchfork Media’s “The 50 Best Albums of 2008” and “The 100 Best Tracks of 2008,” respectively. In 2009 the group released Liver! Lung! FR!, a live acoustic version of their second album. That same year, they were nominated for Best New Band/Artist by the Scottish Variety Awards and appeared on the online television program Rockville, CA. Indie darling Frightened Rabbit made its first stirrings in 2003, when singer and guitarist Scott Hutchison started performing under that name—a family childhood nickname describing Hutchison’s terror in social situations—around the city of Glasgow, Scotland. The following year, Frightened Rabbit expanded to include Hutchison’s brother, Grant, who relocated to Glasgow and began playing drums alongside his sibling. The pair played gigs around the city and started recording in a home studio. A few of these early tracks made their way to the independent FatCat record label, which released them on its MP3 Web site. By early 2006, the group had decided to add another guitarist, Billy Kennedy, to complete their lineup. The group’s biography on the FatCat Records Web site noted that Frightened Rabbit believed this addition made the band “a wee bit better and louder.” The now better and louder trio completed its first fulllength album, Sing the Greys, in 2006. They put out a

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limited release of the album on their own Hits the Fan label, and found themselves the subject of major label interest. However, a proposed U.S. and U.K. distribution deal with Universal came to nothing. The band instead signed to indie label FatCat, with which it had an existing relationship. Frightened Rabbit quickly began attracting critical notice on both sides of the Atlantic, even though the album was available only as an import release in the United States. Brian Howe of Pitchfork Media noted that “naysayers will find an easy jibe in the lyric ‘Make your music/ Make it so loud and so trite,’ but for Frightened Rabbit, this is a rallying cry, a rejection of the stylish and self-serious, and a redemption of the trite through the embrace of its universality.” This support, along with word-of-mouth recommendations, helped Frightened Rabbit mount a successful U.S. tour in the first half of 2007, where they gave a notable performance at Austin, Texas’s South by Southwest music showcase and sold out New York City’s Mercury Lounge. A remastered and, according to the FatCat Web site, “significantly revamped” version of Sing the Greys appeared on FatCat in the summer of 2007. Distributed throughout Europe and North America, the album was now led by the single “Be Less Rude.” Frightened Rabbit toured extensively in support of its formal debut, gracing British stages alongside acts including New York City’s We Are Scientists and Omaha, Nebraska’s The Good Life. Frightened Rabbit also spent part of 2007 in New York City, writing and recording songs for a second album, under the direction of producer Peter Katis. Joined by a new band member, keyboardist Andy Monaghan, Frightened Rabbit tried to produce cleaner songs that captured, as singer Hutchison told Jeremy Chick of Subba Cultcha, “the charm and innocence of the demos we made in preparation for the record.” The fruits of these sessions were released on FatCat in April of 2008 as Midnight Organ Fight. Midnight Organ Fight immediately became a critical favorite. Rolling Stone praised the opening track, “The Modern Leper,” for its “dry acoustic strum build[ing] to a thundering, pleading chorus.” The album earned Frightened Rabbit a number of honors, including Pitchfork Media’s 50 Best Albums of 2008 and 100 Best Tracks of 2008 and a nomination for Best New Scottish Band/Solo Artist from the 2008 Scottish Variety Awards. The Scottish quartet rounded out 2008 with the release of the holiday tune “It’s Christmas So We’ll Stop.” The group went on the road during the summer of 2008 to support their sophomore release, and Frightened Rabbit recorded an acoustic performance of songs from that album in its old stomping grounds of Glasgow. Released in March of the following year as Liver! Lung! FR! (also known as Quietly Now!), the album provided a perfect stripped-down format that allowed the melancholy of singer Hutchison’s lyrics to shine through and gave fans a new perspective on

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Scott Hutchison, vocals, gui-

tar;

Grant

Hutchison,

drums;

Billy

Kennedy, guitars; Andy Monaghan (joined 2008), keyboards. Began as solo project of Scott Hutchison in Glasgow, 2003; added Grant Hutchison on drums, 2004; added

Despite their growing popularity, the members of Frightened Rabbit have maintained a high level of modesty regarding their achievements. The band left the bright lights of Glasgow to settle in rural Selkirk, Scotland—population 5,742—and consider themselves fortunate to have made it to their present level of success. When asked by Chick in the fall of 2007 to identify the achievement that he was most proud of, singer Hutchinson responded, “Writing and releasing a record. It doesn’t get much better than that. An absolute privilege.”

guitarist Billy Kennedy, signed to independent label FatCat, released Sing the Greys, 2006; Midnight Organ Fight, 2008; released live acoustic album Liver! Lung!

Selected discography

FR!, 2009. Addresses: Record company—FatCat Records USA, 119 Ingraham St., Ste. 200, Brooklyn, NY 11237, Web

Sing the Greys, Hits the Fan, 2006; reissued, FatCat, 2007. Midnight Organ Fight, FatCat, 2008. Liver! Lung! FR! (also known as Quietly Now!), FatCat, 2009.

site: http://www.fat-cat.co.uk; Web site—Frightened Rabbit Official Web site: http://www.frightenedrabbit. com.

Sources Online

Midnight Organ Fight’s now-familiar tracks. Lucy Smith of Subba Cultcha commented in her review of Liver! Lung! FR! that listening to the record “just makes you frustrated that you weren’t there, which must be the sign of a successful live album.” However, British fans had an opportunity to experience the acoustic side of Frightened Rabbit for themselves in the weeks leading up to the release of Liver! Lung! FR! when the band performed a series of acoustic shows around the country. Frightened Rabbit gained increased U.S. exposure in 2009 through a host of new outlets. The group made a guest appearance performing its music on the Internet television show Rockville, CA, in March of 2009, and announced planned summer performances at major independent music festivals such as New York City’s Siren Music Fest and Chicago’s Pitchfork Music Fest. The group also made appearances at events in the United Kingdom, including Belfast’s Cathedral Quarter Arts Festival and at a number of Scottish venues.

“Frightened Rabbit,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (May 10, 2009). “Frightened Rabbit,” FatCat Records, http://www.fat-cat. co.uk (May 12, 2009). “Frightened Rabbit,” NME, http://www.nme.com/frightenedrabbit (May 10, 2009). “Frightened Rabbit,” Pitchfork Media, January 4, 2007, http:// www.pitchfork.com (May 10, 2009). “Frightened Rabbit: Liver! Lung! FR!,” Subba Cultcha, http:// www.subba-cultcha.com (May 12, 2009). “Frightened Rabbit release live acoustic album Quietly Now!,” Telegraph, http://www.telegraph.co.uk (May 12, 2009). “Frightened Rabbit: Scott—Guitar & Vocals” Subba Cultcha, http://www.subba-cultcha.com (May 10, 2009). “Frightened Rabbit: Scott Huchison,” Subba Cultcha, http:// www.subba-cultcha.com (May 10, 2009). “Hit Or Hype: The Last Shadow Puppets, Frightened Rabbit and the Black Angels” Rolling Stone, http://www. rollingstone.com (May 12, 2009). “Josh Schwartz’s ‘Rockville CA,’” Entertainment Weekly, http://www.ew.com (May 10, 2009). —Vanessa Vaughn

Frightened Rabbit • 71

Glen Glenn Singer, songwriter, guitarist

G

len Glenn is one of rockabilly music’s best-loved elder statesmen. Although the California-based cult hero never enjoyed the slightest rumbling of a hit single, the recordings he and guitarist Gary Lambert created for the Era label during the 1950s are regarded by many as the pinnacle of West Coast rockabilly. Modern day aficionados revere his songs “Everybody’s Movin’” and “One Cup of Coffee and a Cigarette” with the same type of awe as they do Elvis Presley’s Sun sides. Rediscovered by European record collectors during the late 1970s, Glenn began leasing his early recordings to prestigious collector labels, and embarked on periodic overseas tours. Subsequently, he is better known now than he was during the original heyday of rockabilly music. Born Orin Glen Troutman on October 24, 1934, in Joplin, Missouri, he was the only boy among the five children of Orin Orville and Louise Troutman, and was also a cousin through marriage of country music legend Porter Wagoner. Initially, exposure to the Saturday night broadcasts of the Grand Ole Opry made the youngster a confirmed country music fan. His family moved to San Dimas, California, when he was 13 years old, and his musical tastes began to change. Anxious to play and sing, he earned money delivering newspapers and doing odd jobs around the neighborhood. Performed on Radio Growing up in the same working class environment that stirred Eddie Cochran’s musical melting pot, he

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heard such West Coast country icons as the Maddox Brothers and Rose, and his early mentor Wynn Stewart. After meeting up with aspiring electric guitarist Gary Lambert, Glenn made plans to follow Wagoner into the country music business. Initially billing themselves as Glen and Gary—The Missouri Boys, they began cutting home demos and playing talent shows. “We played the Squeakin’ Deacon amateur show. ѧ He was probably the biggest disc jockey on the West Coast. He had a daily radio show on KXLA out of Pasadena. Every Sunday he would have an amateur show and during the first hour he’d bring over the stars of the West Coast as guests. During the second hour, there was an amateur show. Gary and me said, ‘Let’s go down there and get on the Squeakin’ Deacon amateur show.’ So, we went down there and we won it! I would say that we were on the amateur show around 1952 or 1953.” The duo used the amateur hour win as a springboard to play local square dances and parties. Meanwhile, the youngsters began absorbing the strains of jumpin’ rhythm and blues via local disc jockey Dick “Huggy Boy” Hugg. Although Glenn was still an avowed straight country fan, the new sounds worked their way into his recordings. “I recorded right in the [KXLA] studio where Cliffie Stone did his daily Hometown Jamboree Show,” Glenn recalled. “I knew all the disc jockeys down there and it didn’t cost me a dime. But we couldn’t sell it because it wasn’t really rockabilly. It was hillbilly boogie. When the music changed, they didn’t want me to do hillbilly, they wanted me to do strictly rockabilly.” When Glenn saw Elvis Presley provoking female fans into hysteria on the Dorsey Brothers’ Stage Show, he jumped into the big beat music wholeheartedly. But Glenn was no mere Presley wannabe. Brimming with cool cat vigor that subtly masked either lascivious intentions or an impending broken heart, his best records showcased a depth of feeling most rockabilly bandwagon types never truly mastered. Moreover, his chemistry with Lambert resulted in a completely unique sonic statement. Glenn’s first big break came via the Ozark Jubilee television show, courtesy of Wagoner. The country music series ran intermittently on ABC from 19551960. “Porter didn’t want me to do rock and roll because he hated rock and roll,” Glenn remarked. “[He] would say, ‘You should stay country.’” During his brief stay with Wagoner, Glenn introduced the RCA recording star to the Nudie-tailored rhinestone suits that later became his trademark. Back in California, Glenn transformed himself into a full-fledged rockabilly and toured on package shows with Johnny Cash and the Maddox Brothers and Rose. After Rose Maddox left her family band to pursue a solo career, Glenn was hired to sing in a band fronted by bass-slappin’ Fred Maddox, and appeared on such Los Angeles-based television shows as Town Hall Party and Cal’s Corral.

trend that he personified had completely played itself out.

For the Record . . .

B

Full name Orin Glenn Troutman; born on October

24, 1934, in Joplin, MO; son of Orin Orville (a

house painter) and Louise (a nurse’s aide) Troutman; married Mary Forrester, 1961; children: Terri Arlene and Russell Glenn. California-based singer-songwriter; recorded for Era Records 1958; appeared on such Los Angeles-based TV programs as Country Barndance, Cal’s Corral, Town Hall Party, Hometown Jamboree, and The Ozark Jubilee; recorded for Dore Records, 1964; began touring Europe during the 1980s; recorded for Ace Records, 1987; leased his own masters to Ace Records and Bear Family; played rockabilly festivals at home and abroad; appeared in 2006 documentary Rockabilly Rebel. Awards: Rockabilly Hall of Fame, inducted 1998; Rockabilly Hall of Fame, Lifetime Achievement Award, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Bear Family Records, P.O. Box 1154, D-27727 Hambergen, Germany, Web site:

http://www.bear-family.de/.

Web

site—Glen

Glenn Official Web site: http://www.myspace.com/glen glenn.

Post-army, the singer-songwriter cut some fresh tracks at Goldstar and tried in vain to rebuild his career. At the Dore label in 1964, he embraced the same sort of pop sounds that Presley himself conjured at RCA, including such fine ballad fare as “I Didn’t Have the Sense to Go” and “I’ll Never Stop Loving You.” Glenn remembered the final session as a first-class recording date. “When I went to Dore, [label owner] Lou [Bidell] said, ‘Rockabilly ain’t around anymore. We’re going to put you with a big band.’ They put me with Ernie Freeman, who was a great bandleader with [sax man] Plas Johnson. ѧ He did do a heck of a job, but it just wasn’t Glen Glenn.” Subsequently, Glenn took a day job at the GenoDynamics missile plant, married, and raised a family. In the meantime, rockabilly went underground for the next couple of decades. During the 1970s, rockabilly fanatics and record collectors worldwide began reviving interest in the original rock’n’roll sounds, especially those of the more obscure artists who never hit nationally. The 1977 Ace compilation Hollywood Rock ’n’ Roll, which featured “Everybody’s Movin’” and “One Cup of Coffee and a Cigarette,” was the first legitimate reissue of Glenn’s early work for Era, and genre fans were enthralled. By 1982 Ace had not only released a full disc of Glenn’s early work with Gary Lambert, but enticed him back into the studio to cut new material for the first time in nearly 20 years. The result was the 1984 release Everybody’s Movin’ Again. Fans Snapped Up Archival Recordings

Army Service Put Career on Hold Billed as Glen Trout, later as Glen Glenn, he and Lambert enjoyed some local success on Era Records. With studio help from Wynn Stewart, they cut the songs that would become cult classics, “Everybody’s Movin’,” “One Cup of Coffee,” and “Blue Jeans and a Boy’s Shirt.” The rockers went over well on stage, but Glenn’s bouncy pop ditty “Laurie Ann” was the only release that garnered decent airplay, even earning a few spins on Dick Clark’s American Bandstand. However, his fledgling career was stopped cold by induction into the U.S. Army. “‘Laurie Ann’ was actually a pick hit of the week on American Bandstand, but I couldn’t go to Philadelphia because I was in the Army,” remembered Glenn. “I got a telegram from Dick Clark. I could have done the Saturday Night Show, but the army wouldn’t let me loose.” Further, Glenn stated that Elvis Presley’s former bass-player Bill Black, on the verge of starting the hitmaking Bill Black Combo, wanted to form a band around the singer called the Continentals, but Glenn had already been drafted and was unavailable. By the time Glenn was discharged in 1961, the rockabilly

Rockabilly afficionados often enjoy previously unreleased demo recordings and alternate takes as much as a finished hit recording, and on that score Glenn has proven a real prize for collectors. Wisely, the singersongwriter kept track of his old masters, demos, and even tape recordings of live television programs, and eventually leased them out for two superior Bear Family compilations, Glen Rocks and Dim Lights, Thick Smoke and Loud, Loud Music. Glen Rocks deftly mixed rockabilly classics such as “Everybody’s Movin’” and “One Cup of Coffee and a Cigarette” with the effervescent “Blue Jeans and A Boy’s Shirt,” and with bluesy country stompers “Would Ya” and “I Didn’t Have the Sense to Go.” Moreover, archivists were treated to stirring rehearsal renditions of Mac Curtis’s “If I Had Me a Woman,” Wayne Raney’s “Jack and Jill Boogie,” and Presley’s “Baby Let’s Play House.” Glenn’s demos and rare TV audio performances from the mid-1950s enlivened Dim Lights, Thick Smoke and Loud, Loud Music. Although hampered by scratchy sound quality, the early small combo country sides exhibited undeniable charm. Whether wailing traditional heartache (“A Hundred Years From Now,” “It

Glenn • 73

Rains Rain”) or bouncing through uptempo barroom paeans (“Alone With You,” “Company’s Comin’,” “Hey Ma, Hey Pa.”), Glenn displayed the emotional range of a powerhouse old school honky tonk singer. These archival releases, plus Glenn’s engaging live shows at rockabilly festivals and weekenders the world over, earned him more fans than he had ever enjoyed during the 1950s, some of them quite famous. During the 1980s, Bob Dylan made Glenn’s “Everybody’s Movin’” a staple of his live shows and hired him to open his shows at the Palomino club. Further, Led Zeppelin’s Jimmy Page and Robert Plant made it a point to visit him backstage after a show in London. However Glenn’s greatest validation has come from the genre’s new generation of fans. “I can’t believe that when I went over to Spain, that they had five or six thousand people and when I did ‘One Cup of Coffee’ and ‘Everybody’s Movin’’ they were singing along just like I was Elvis,” he recalled with pride. “They had people from every country singing louder than I was. Then, when I got off-stage, they had guards taking me to the autograph table where I signed for two-and-ahalf hours. Afterwards, they couldn’t get me out of the building, people still wanted to grab me. I don’t think I was that good. I don’t think Elvis thought that he was that good.”

Selected discography (Various Artists) Hollywood Rock’n’Roll, Ace, 1977. The Glen Glenn Story, Ace, 1982.

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Everybody’s Movin’ Again, Ace, 1984. The Glen Glenn Story / Everybody’s Movin’ Again, Ace, 1992. Missouri Rockabilly, Stompertime, 2003. Glen Glenn Rocks, Bear Family, 2003. Dim Lights, Thick Smoke and Loud, Loud Music, Bear Family, 2004.

Sources Books Burke, Ken and Griffin, Dan, The Blue Moon Boys - the Story of Elvis Presley’s Band, Chicago Review Press, 2006. Morrison, Craig, Go Cat Go!, Rockabilly Music and Its Makers, University of Illinois Press, 1996.

Periodicals Brutarian Quarterly, Spring 2007.

Online “Glen Glenn,”All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com/cg/ amg.dll?=amg&sql=11:w9fixqy5idfe˜T1, (May 18, 2009). “Liner Notes for the Glen Glenn Collection,” Deke Dickerson. com, http://www.dekedickerson/com/writingsamples.php (May 18, 2009). Additional information was obtained from interviews with Glen Glenn, 2004-07, from which quotations used in this entry were drawn. —Ken Burke

T

exas country singer Pat Green is known for his down-to-earth, unpretentious music and for his legions of devoted fans. His career has developed on an unconventional path that has allowed Green to be himself and stay true to his Texas roots. Green was born in 1972 in San Antonio, Texas, and raised in Waco, Texas. He was one of nine children in a blended family formed by his mother and stepfatherhis parents had divorced when he was seven, and his stepfather had five children. “It was a real Yours, Mine and Ours situation,” Green wrote on his Web site, “and growing up around all those kids, there was so much going on.” Green’s father was a stage actor, and Green loved the musicals his father appeared in. And with so many kids in the house, he heard everything from classical to Motown.

Pat Green

Green, however, didn’t take up his own musical career until he was 18 and in college at Texas Tech in Lubbock; he began playing the guitar, initially because women seemed to like it and it helped him get dates. He told an interviewer from CMT, “Before that, I only sang in the shower. I could mimic other people’s voices. It took me a long time to find my own voice, but once I did, I became very comfortable with it. It’s not real pretty but it’s believable.”

Country singer

Ethan Miller/ACMA/Getty Images

Gradually, while still in college, he began singing at local venues, then playing at clubs and opening concerts for other musicians. He told the CMT interviewer that he doesn’t remember exactly when it started, but he began playing at bigger concerts and all of a sudden he was selling thousands of seats in bigger venues. “It just started steamrolling,” he said. Green produced his own albums for a few years, borrowing money from his family to pay for some of them. He often performed for college crowds, who loved his easygoing, partying style and his songs about beer, tacos, and girls, and the students passed his selfproduced albums around to each other. This was a huge groundswell of word-of-mouth support for Green. This is an unusual career path for a musician—most aspiring musicians try to get a major label contract as soon as possible, rather than building their career independently first. Green told S. Renee Dechert in PopMatters that when he started singing, he “hated country music.” What he hated was the commercialization, the corporate types running the show and telling performers how to dress, how to act, and who would be in their band. Green told Dechert that he was “naïve” at the time, but that what he really wanted was “a life-long career that makes plenty of money for everybody in the band and myself and [to] never leave Texas.” And he definitely didn’t want “people trying to change me and dress me and tell me who was in my band and tell me who’s going to write my songs.” However, Green also realized that relying on selfproducing his albums could have its limitations. On his

Green • 75

For the Record . . .

B

orn Pat Craven Green on April 5, 1972, in San

Antonio, TX; married Kori Green; children: Kellis

Patrick, Rainy. Education: Texas Tech University (general studies). Released Live at Billy Bob’s Texas, 1999; released Carry On, George’s Bar, Dancehall Dreamer, Here We Go, Three Days, and Songs We Wish We’d Written, all 2001; released Wave on Wave, 2003; Lucky Ones, 2004; Cannonball, 2006; Ultimate Live, 2007; What I’m For, 2009. Addresses: Record company—BNA Records, 1400 18th Ave., Nashville, TN 37212.

Web site he explained, “I kept running into a wall. I’d go play to 1,000 people in, say, Atlanta, but a block away the store would not have my records.” So, wanting more of his listeners to be able to get his records, he joined Universal and made his major label debut with Carry On. He continued to have huge support from his fans. Between February and April of 2002, he sold more than 180,000 tickets to his performances. At the Houston Rodeo he had over 56,000 listeners; only George Strait and two country variety shows ever had bigger audiences. Green followed Carry On with Wave on Wave in 2003. Wave on Wave debuted at number two on the Billboard country albums chart, and was a big hit among country listeners. Green released Lucky Ones in 2004. When he went in to record the album, he only had three or four songs written; the rest were cowritten with musicians Brad Paisley and Rob Thomas. Green told CMT reporter Calvin Gilbert that he loved the spontaneity of writing songs with them: “It’s so intense because everyone is scraping and fighting and arguing and trying to get their licks in and trying to get their words in and trying to get everything ѧ painted on this humongous canvas that is a record.” Although Green had begun his major label career with Universal, he gradually became dissatisfied with the label. Although he was working with people in Nashville to promote his albums, he found that all the profits were going to the company’s New York City office. He worried that this would eventually make the Nashville division lose interest in him, and that they would stop promoting him as a result. He moved to the Nashville

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label BNA, a branch of Sony BMG, and in 2006, that label released Cannonball. Green’s 2009 album What I’m For, debuted at number two on the Billboard country charts. On his Web site, Green wrote, “I wanted to make a perfectly circular record—one that you could just put on repeat and really live with for a while.” He also wanted to beat the success of Wave on Wave, and he wanted to write an album that showed that he had matured since Wave on Wave was released. He wrote on his Web site: “I want to write songs by a man, by a father, by a guy that kind of has a handle on the situation. And as far as I’m concerned, What I’m For is the best album I’ve ever done, and it does beat Wave on Wave, at least for me.” Summing up his attitude as a performer, Green told Edward Morris in an article posted on the CMT Web site that his main focus as a musician is to give his listeners a good time. He noted, “That’s the whole gig. That’s it. That’s why I cannot stand it when musicians sit up on stage and pontificate about what they think their political beliefs are. ѧ The stage is a sacred place, a clean place. The stage is so righteous. Why go any deeper than what it really is? We’re here to entertain.”

Selected discography Live at Billy Bob’s Texas, Smith Music Group, 1999. Carry On, Universal, 2001. George’s Bar, Universal, 2001. Dancehall Dreamer, Greenhorse Records, 2001. Here We Go, Crystal Clear, 2001. Three Days, Universal, 2001. Songs We Wish We’d Written, Universal, 2001. Wave on Wave, Universal, 2003. Lucky Ones, Republic/Universal, 2004. Cannonball, Sony BMG, 2006. Ultimate Live, Smith Entertainment, 2007. What I’m For, Sony BMG, 2009.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, October 13, 2001, p. 13; January 10, 2004, p. 35; November 20, 2004, p. 20; February 14, 2009, p. 39. Texas Monthly, June 2002, p. 82. Esquire, July 2003, p. 72.

Online Green Family Web site, http://www.geocities.com/texas385/ bio.html (April 8, 2009). “Pat Green,” CMT, http://www.cmt.com/artists/az/green_pat/ bio.jhtml (April 8, 2009). “Pat Green Counts Himself Among the Lucky Ones,” CMT, November 29, 2004, http://www.cmt.com/news/countrymusic/1494239/pat-green-counts-himself-among-the-luck

y-ones.jhtml (April 8, 2009). “Pat Green Finds Artistic Integrity Compatible with Corporate Muscle,” CMT, April 17, 2009, http://www.cmt.com/news/ country-music/1609466/pat-green-finds-artistic-integritycompatible-with-corporate-muscle.jhtml (April 20, 2009). Pat Green Official Web Site, http://www.patgreen.com/ (April 8, 2009).

“Pat Green: Texas Songwriter,” PopMatters, December 26, 2002, http://www.popmatters.com/music/interviews/greenpat-021226.shtml (April 8, 2009). “Pat Green’s What I’m For Debuts as Week’s No 2 Album,” CMT, February 7, 2009, http://www.cmt.com/news/countrymusic/1604517/pat-greens-what-im-for-debuts-as-weeksno-2-album.jhtml (April 8, 2009). —Kelly Winters

Green • 77

W

ith the release of his solo album Yours to Keep, Albert Hammond, Jr. stepped out from his supporting role as guitarist in the rock band the Strokes and began to showcase his own talents as a singer and songwriter. He faced long odds, inasmuch as even rock guitarists of the stature of the Who’s Pete Townshend and the Rolling Stones’ Keith Richards had achieved only moderate success with solo projects. At first, Hammond admitted to Aidan Vaziri of the San Francisco Chronicle, “I didn’t expect anything because of stuff I had done in another band. I expected hatred because of that, not any love.” But Hammond proved creatively prolific, quickly releasing a second album and beginning work on other projects, all while maintaining his affiliation with the band that had made him famous.

Albert Hammond, Jr.

Hammond’s talents ran in the family. Born April 9, 1980, in Los Angeles, he was the son of songwriter Albert Hammond, Sr., who co-composed a series of hit songs in the 1970s and 1980s. The elder Hammond’s credits included the international Julio Iglesias/Willie Nelson smash “To All the Girls I’ve Loved Before,” and he had a major hit himself as a performer in 1972 with “It Never Rains in Southern California.” Hammond was only vaguely aware of his father’s profession until he was 12, when the pair attended a London production of the stage musical Buddy, about the life of early rock and roll star Buddy Holly. “I was going, ‘Wow, Buddy Holly wrote songs and sang and I wanna do that,’” Hammond recalled to Alexis Petridis of London’s Guardian newspaper. “He was like, ‘Son, that’s what I do for a living.’ I kind of knew, but, you know, it’s just your dad.”

Singer, songwriter, guitarist

Lorne Thomson/Redferns/Getty Images

Hammond attended the exclusive Institute le Rosey prep school in Switzerland, where one of his fellow students was Julian Casablancas. After enrolling in film school at New York University in the late 1990s, he encountered Casablancas once again on a New York street and was invited to play guitar in Casablancas’s new band, soon to be named the Strokes. The invitation marked a turning point for Hammond, whose father had been straightforward about the creative challenges of a musical career. “He told me to work hard at it. When I played him my first song, he said, ‘You’ll get better as you write more,’” Hammond recalled to Avril Cadden of the Glasgow, Scotland, Sunday Mail. “I didn’t get it at first but now I look back and I’m really happy he was so straightforward with me.”

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Up until he joined the Strokes, Hammond’s only experience in front of a crowd had been a stint as a competitive roller skater. “The weird thing is, I used to skate in front of, like, 5,000 people and I was never nervous, but the first time I got on stage, there were four people there and I vomited,” he recalled to Petridis. Beginning with the 2001 release of their debut album, Is This It, the Strokes enjoyed a five-year run of success with music that drew equally on punk energy and early rock and roll songcraft. “The part of my life from 21 to 25 was so filled with success and drugs that I don’t feel like any

For the Record . . .

B

orn April 9, 1980, in Los Angeles, CA; son of

Albert Hammond, Sr. (a songwriter and vocalist).

Education: Attended Institute Le Rosey, Switzerland, and New York University. Joined the Strokes, 1998; released solo debut, Yours to Keep, 2006; toured with Incubus, 2007; released Como Te Llama?, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Red Ink Records, Sony/ BMG Music, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10022.

of that was real. It feels like someone else,” Hammond told Kim Taylor Bennett of the London Observer. Hammond continued to take guitar lessons from Strokes guru JP Bowersock and was writing songs of his own during this period, but few were recorded by the group. Observers suggested that the line “These guys have all got problems/Sometimes it all seems to drag me down,” from Hammond’s song “Everyone Gets a Star,” might refer to tensions within the band, but Hammond insisted that the words depicted a friend. He declared that his contributions to the Strokes’ rapidfire guitar interplay (primarily between Hammond and Nick Valensi, who landed on the cover of Guitar Player magazine in 2003) would continue, and indeed any suggestion of friction tended to be contradicted by Casablancas’s appearance as a guest on Yours to Keep, along with Sean Lennon, Ben Kweller, and other rock names. Hammond continued to accumulate songs, and Yours to Keep was released in Britain in late 2006 and in the United States the following year. The album’s sound struck a canny balance between the successful Strokes’ sound and Hammond’s own distinctive musical personality. “Hammond’s vocals, as might be expected, share certain tics, timbre and phrasing with Casablancas, [but] he leavens the songs with a vulnerable sweetness and likeability,” noted Variety’s Steven Mirkin in an approving review.

Hammond recalled to Cadden. “I wrote the song ‘GfC’ first and knew then I was going to do another record. I knew there was another side to me and a whole new story to tell. After I finished this album I wrote a song called ‘Tea And Cake Never Hurt Nobody’ and I thought, ‘There we go, we got a third record brewing.’” The title of “GfC,” which was released as a single, was short for “Grandfather’s Clock” and was inspired by the Roald Dahl book The BfG, or Big Friendly Giant. Hammond’s sophomore solo album, titled [a8]Como Te Llama?, was released in July of 2008 and again garnered critical praise. Hammond continued to assert that he was a member in good standing of the Strokes, but he grabbed the limelight himself in 2008 with his new album, appearing on stage in the distinctive combination of an Afro haircut and a three-piece suit. He continued to garner headlines with a year-long relationship with model Agyness Deyn, after having enjoyed a tryst with supermodel Kate Moss several years earlier. That relationship ended in the spring of 2009, and by that time Hammond was involved in new projects: he was writing more songs and had returned to his earlier interest in film, writing a screenplay adaptation of the Charles Bukowski novel Pulp. The jinx facing rock guitarists who attempted to establish themselves as independent artists had, it seemed, been broken.

Selected discography Yours to Keep, New Line, 2007. Como Te Llama?, Red Ink, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Entertainment Weekly, March 9, 2007, p. 106. Guardian (London, England), May 2, 2005, p. 14; November 27, 2006, p. 36; November 18, 2008, p. 25. Guitar Player, December 2003, p. 70. New York, June 4, 2007, p. 9; March 30, 2009, p. 16. New York Post, April 1, 2007, p. 41. Observer (London, England), February 8, 2009, p. 10. San Francisco Chronicle, January 7, 2007, p. 44. Sunday Mail (Glasgow, Scotland, U.K.), July 6, 2008, p. 32. Variety, February 16, 2007, p. 49.

Online Touring as an opening act for the bands Bloc Party and Incubus in the spring and summer of 2007 exposed Hammond to new audiences, and by that time it was becoming clear to him that Yours to Keep was more than just a one-time experiment: new songs were continuing to flow from his pen. “I had finished the first [album] and didn’t know I was going to do a second,”

“Albert Hammond Jr.,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (May 3, 2009). PopMatters, http://www.popmatters.com/pm/review/42784/ albert-hammond-jr/ (May 3, 2009). —James M. Manheim

Hammond • 79

T

he Japanese-born pianist Hiromi Uehara, who generally uses only the name Hiromi professionally, has fused jazz, progressive rock, and classical music into a unique personal style. Jeff Simon of the Buffalo News called Hiromi’s 2003 debut, Another Mind, “the most exciting jazz debut of the past 10 years—at least since tenor saxophonist James Carter.” Hiromi has continued to experiment since then, and has increased her fan base in both Japan and the United States. Hiromi remarked, in an interview with Anil Prasad of Innerviews, that “I’m not really performing jazz,” but she was nevertheless often classified as a jazz pianist; she seemed to be expanding the boundaries of the jazz genre.

Hiromi

Hiromi was born in Hamamatsu on March 26, 1979, in Japan’s Shizuoka Prefecture. Being brought up away from Japan’s major musical centers had an effect on Hiromi’s style: she became known for using her left hand to add a percussive element to her music, and she told Prasad, “The idea came from when I grew up in a very small town in Japan. I didn’t have a drummer or bassist, so I always had to play bass with my left hand and imitate the drum solos in order to play solo with a trio feel.” Hiromi soon gained a reputation as a child prodigy and began studying at Japan’s Yamaha School of Music at age seven.

Pianist, composer

Paul bergen/Redferns/Getty Images

At first Hiromi studied classical music with a teacher named Noriko Hikida, who marked scores up with colors in order to inspire her student to find the right mood. Hiromi performed with the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra when she was 14, and continued to be influenced by the classics—the music she made as an adult was mostly written out, although it did include improvised sections. But Hiromi was equally interested in jazz, having been introduced to piano improvisation as a child through listening to a recording by Canadian performer Oscar Peterson. Another important event that steered Hiromi toward jazz was a chance meeting in Tokyo with jazz superstar Chick Corea when Hiromi was 17. Corea listened to her play and then invited her to join him onstage during his concert the following day.

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Hiromi enrolled in law school at Tokyo’s Hosei University, but she remained interested in music and composed jingles for the Nissan auto company after finishing her degree. When she won a full four-year scholarship to the Berklee College of Music in Boston, her career choice was set. At time during her studies at the musically innovative school, Hiromi felt that she was experiencing subtle discrimination as a performer in a genre mostly dominated by American men. “There’s a huge wall—not made by me—and I have to fight it every day, because I’m Asian, I’m female and an instrumentalist,” she told Yung-Hsiang Kao of the Japan Times. At first when she gave concerts they were sparsely attended, but that changed as word of her talents spread. By the time Hiromi graduated from Berklee in 2004, she was already concertizing around Boston and had released Another Mind on the presti-

For the Record . . .

B

orn on March 26, 1979, in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka

Prefecture, Japan. Education: Yamaha School of

Music, Japan, studied piano with Noriko Hikida; studied law at Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan; Berklee College of Music, Boston, MA, graduated 2004. Signed to Telarc label; released Another Mind, 2003; released Brain, toured U.S., 2004; released Spiral, 2005; released Time Control, 2007; released Beyond Standard, 2008; (with Chick Corea) released Duet, 2009. Addresses: Management—Ellora Management, P.O. Box 755, 11 Brook St., Lakeville, CT 06069. Web site—Uehara Hiromi Official Web site: http://www. hiromimusic.com.

gious Telarc label, with production by Ahmad Jamal. In Japan Another Mind earned Hiromi a gold record with its initial shipment, and it was also honored as Jazz Album of the Year by the Recording Industry Association of Japan. That was the first of a host of awards Hiromi would win in her home country; she also made an impact in the United States with a Best Jazz Act nod at the 2006 Boston Music Awards. Hiromi dispelled any possible sophomore jinx with the release of Brain in 2004. The album, noted Bill Buettler of Best Life, “percolates with her diverse influences—J.S. Bach, Franz Liszt, Art Tatum, King Crimson, and Green Day.” “I just don’t want to categorize myself as a jazz artist,” Hiromi told Buettler, “because the only two categories in music are the music [that makes] you feel good and the music [where] you don’t feel anything.” Indeed, Hiromi’s inspiration even extended beyond jazz. “Also, I’m so much inspired by sports players like Carl Lewis and Michael Jordan,” she observed in her Web site biography. “Basically, I’m inspired by anyone who has big, big energy. They really come straight to my heart.” Hiromi toured the United States in the summer of 2004 after receiving her Berklee degree, subsequently settling in Brooklyn, New York. Brain and her next album, Spiral (2005), featured a piano trio with Hiromi’s Berklee classmates British bassist Tony Grey and Slovak percussionist Martin Valihora. Sometimes Hiromi reversed the usual roles of the trio instruments, providing

rhythm at the keyboard while the other instruments played melodic material. Hiromi’s 2007 album Time Control expanded to a quartet, dubbed Sonicbloom, that included rock guitarist David Fiuczyski, formerly of the rock band Screaming Headless Torsos. The move raised eyebrows among jazz traditionalists, but Hiromi often proclaimed an admiration for progressive rock guitarists such as Frank Zappa and Jeff Beck. “The most attractive part of progressive rock is that it’s like classical music,” she explained to Prasad. “The musicians really rehearse a lot and can play the music as a unit.” Hiromi’s keyboard sound itself also developed over the course of her first several albums, as she began to experiment with the Nord Lead 2 electronic keyboard as well as her Yamaha piano. Hiromi learned the art of sound synthesis on her own, without formal training. “I just got it and messed around,” she told Michael Gallant of Keyboard. “It’s the same with the piano: It’s like a big toy that I get to play with until I get bored, but I never get bored, so I’m still just playing with it.” She also played a variety of pianos that resided in specific venues where she performed, and in that situation she took the attitude that she was making a new acquaintance when she sat down to play the new piano. “People might think I’m a weirdo,” she admitted to Bob Young of the Boston Herald. “But a piano needs love. I talk to them, ask them how they’ve been, ask them if everybody has been treating them right.” Hiromi released Beyond Standard, her first album not consisting of original compositions, in 2008. It was hardly a traditional album of jazz standards, however, including versions not only of common jazz fare like Rodgers and Hammerstein’s “My Favorite Things” and George Gershwin’s “I Got Rhythm,” but also of Jeff Beck’s “Led Boots” and French classical composer Claude Debussy’s “Clair de Lune.” She reunited with Corea for a two-disc live album, recorded at the Blue Note Tokyo club. The album was released in Japan as Duet in 2009 and was slated for a U.S. release as well. By that year, Hiromi was becoming the subject of feature articles and interviews covering not only her music but also her uniquely positive, almost spiritual attitude toward music-making—both of which were fresh and original.

Selected discography Another Mind, Telarc, 2003. Brain, Telarc, 2004. Spiral, Telarc, 2005. Time Control, Telarc, 2007. Beyond Standard, Telarc, 2008. Duet, 2009.

Hiromi • 81

Sources Periodicals Best Life, Spring-Summer 2004, p. 39. Boston Herald, May 2, 2003, p. 24; December 30, 2008, p. 27. Buffalo News, May 20, 2003, p. F6. Japan Times, August 30, 2007. New York Times, January 19, 2006, p. E5. Times (London, England), July 15, 2004, p. 19.

Online “Biography,” Hiromi Official Web site, http://www.hiromi music.com (May 4, 2009). “Exploring Composition and Color, Energy and Ear with Explosive Keyboard-Master Hiromi,” Keyboard, January 2006, http://www.keyboardmag.com/article/the-upwardspiral/Jan-06/16946 (May 4, 2009). “Hiromi: Reaching Beyond,” Innerviews, http://www.inner views.org/inner/hiromi.html (May 4, 2009). “Hiromi, the Princess of Jazz,” UK-Japan.net, http://www.ukjapan.net/features/feature-hiromiuehara-eng.htm (May 4, 2009). —James M. Manheim

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A

merican singer-songwriter Eric Hutchinson didn’t even have a recording contract when his album became the highest-selling album by an unsigned act in the history of iTunes. Known for his versatile mix of sounds, from buoyant to soulful to gritty, Hutchinson has since signed with Warner Bros. He told Marissa Minnick in Teen Scene, “I try to bridge the gap between Stevie Wonder, Michael Jackson and Prince to Billy Joel, Paul Simon and the Beatles.”

Eric Hutchinson

Hutchinson, unlike many other successful musicians, did not have much musical training. As a child he briefly took piano lessons, but was largely a self-taught musician. However, he came from a musical family. His mother played the viola and backed such performers as Aretha Franklin and Tony Bennett, and his parents met when his mother took guitar lessons from his father. His mother’s old six-string guitar became Hutchinson’s when he found it one day in the basement. Hutchinson told Ross Currie and Jillian Ashley Blair Ivey in Phillyist that he considered himself to be mainly a singer and songwriter, and that guitar and piano are “just a means to the end of writing songs.” He always comes up with a melody first, then looks for a topic and lyrics to fit it. He told the Phillyist writers, “I always like to have a couple ideas stored up so that when a melody comes along, I have something to write about.” His songs often combine an upbeat pop melody with more serious lyrics; listeners can take what they want from that, focusing on the upbeat melody or on the deeper meaning of the song.

Singer, songwriter

AP Images

Hutchinson’s self-released album, That Could’ve Gone Better (2003), led to a deal with Maverick Records. However, the deal fell apart when the label’s parent company, Warner Bros., decided to close out that label, dropping him and ending his recording sessions. It was a big blow to Hutchinson, and he dealt with it by hitting the road and doing some touring. On his Web site, he commented that the tour was “all about getting the exposure and the experience.” After touring heavily, he took time off and began putting together songs for a new album. On his Web site, Hutchinson commented that he didn’t want to overproduce the album: “I tried really hard to keep it organic. Music is human expression and what’s more human than to make a mistake? ѧ [Taking out] all the mistakes leaves the project with no soul to it.” This gave the album a fresh, alive quality. That album, Sounds Like This, was his debut CD. Hutchinson released it on his own label, Let’s Break Records, in August of 2007. He got a break when one of his friends sent a link to Hutchinson’s MySpace page to celebrity gossip blogger Perez Hilton. Hilton recommended the album on his own popular site, and the album’s popularity soared. It was listed in the iTunes Top 10, eventually hitting number five on that chart and becoming the highest-selling album by an unsigned act

Hutchinson • 83

For the Record . . .

B

orn Eric Hutchinson on September 8, 1980, in

Takoma Park, MD.

Self-released That Could’ve Gone Better, 2003; released Sounds Like This on Let’s Break Records, 2007. Addresses: Record company—75 Rockefeller Plaza Ⲇ 1 New York, NY 10019.

in the history of iTunes. The album also hit the number one spot on Billboard’s Heatseekers chart in September of 2007. Hilton commented on his blog that Hutchinson’s story was a textbook case of the changes in the music industry brought about by the internet, which makes publicity and distribution of music available to everyone, without the need to use recording companies as gatekeepers. Here was someone who didn’t even have a record deal, who now had thousands of fans downloading his music and talking about it with their friends. Hutchinson told Currie and Ivey that if you read about an album in a newspaper, you have to remember to look it up online or go to a record store. “Whereas on a blog, you click on something, you like it, you buy it. It’s so much faster.” In 2008 Hutchinson’s album was, ironically, picked up by Warner Bros. In that same year, Hutchinson’s song “Rock and Roll” spent a lot of time on the VH1 Top 20 Countdown list, and he was chosen as one of VH1’s “You Oughta Know” artists. Hutchinson told Minnick that when he heard he was going to be a “You Oughta Know” artist, he was in an airport and he started jumping up and down. “It felt really great and put a sort of authentic stamp on my music that felt amazing. I grew

84 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

up watching many of my favorite artists on VH1, so I feel really honored.” In the Phillyist interview, Hutchinson offered this advice to aspiring songwriters: “Like any other routine, you have to get up and just do it for a while every day, so it’s hard. And it’s frustrating, too.” However, he added that “if I can’t write something, the best thing to do is to stop trying to write, and then life experience makes you want to write more.” And he told Jenny Mayo in the Washington Times, “I didn’t believe in luck for a long time.” He added, “Now I’ve adjusted my philosophy that you have to create your own luck. You have to put yourself in as many opportunities as you can where luck can find you.”

Selected discography That Could’ve Gone Better, self-released, 2003. Sounds Like This, Let’s Break Records, 2007.

Sources Periodicals “Eric Hutchinson’s Big Blog Break,” Washington Times, May 23, 2008, p. D03.

Online “Eric Hutchinson Interview,” Teen Scene, January 19, 2009, http://www.teenscenemag.com/music/upcoming/erichutchinson-interview.html (April 8, 2009). Eric Hutchinson Official Web Site, http://www.erichutchinson. com/ (April 8, 2009). “Phillyist Interviews Eric Hutchinson,” Phillyist, May 28, 2008, http://www.phillyist.com/2008/05/28/phillyist_inter_44.php (April 8, 2009). —Kelly Winters

A

Natalie Imbruglia Singer, songwriter

ustralian soap opera star turned pop/alternative rock sensation Natalie Imbruglia made headlines across Europe and the United States, gracing the cover of Spin magazine and turning into an MTV superstar upon the release of her debut album Left of the Middle in 1998. Containing the hit single “Torn,” Imbruglia’s first recording effort eventually sold close to six million copies. “Torn” hit number one in most European countries, including the United Kingdom, while Left of the Middle sold millions of copies. For the album’s U.S. debut, Imbruglia appeared on the MTV cable network to release her video for “Torn” and performed on Saturday Night Live nearly a week prior to the release of Left of the Middle in March of 1998. Imbruglia’s exquisite looks and singing/songwriting skills resulted in an international stardom that seemed to occur almost overnight. Elysa Gardner of Entertainment Weekly, describing the artist’s physical appeal, noted that “in the video for ‘Torn,’ she sulks gracefully in a worn T-shirt and baggy pants—that suggest a young Audrey Hepburn as refashioned for the postgrunge crowd.” Beyond her appearance, though, the petite (at five-foot, two inches tall) and youthful musician enjoyed the recognition she received for her singing and songwriting abilities.

AP Images

Imbruglia • 85

For the Record . . .

B

orn on February 4, 1975, near Sydney, Australia;

father was son of an Italian immigrant, mother was

schoolteacher; married Daniel Johns (a musician), 2003; divorced, 2008. Education: Studied at a performing arts school in Sydney, Australia. Started acting in commercials at age 14; joined cast of Australian soap opera Neighbours at age 17; left show two years later; moved to London to further pursue acting career, 1995; spent two years unemployed and began writing songs before releasing 1997 debut Left of the Middle (released 1998 in the U.S.); recorded songs for two soundtracks including Go! and Stigmata, both released 1999; released White Lilies Island, 2001; Counting Down the Days, 2005; Come to Life, 2009. Awards: Australian Recording Industry (Aussie) Awards for best single and best debut single for “Torn,” best debut album and best pop release for Left of the Middle, and best female artist, all 1998; Brit Awards for best

ney, but soon dropped out to look for professional acting work. Within six months of leaving school at age 16, she landed her first role. At age 17, Imbruglia joined the cast of a popular Australian soap opera (which also aired in the United Kingdom) called Neighbours, the same show that gave the world pop singer Kylie Minogue, known for her cover of the song “Loco-Motion.” On the series, Imbruglia played the more or less trashy, man-eating Beth Brennan. However, the young actor found little creative fulfillment on the show, and left two years later. In 1995, at age 19, Imbruglia moved to London with hopes of finding more substantive opportunities. To Imbruglia’s dismay, making the transition to London was not as easy as she had expected. In Australia, the young actor had entered the entertainment field with ease, but in London she floundered in unemployment for nearly two years, at times existing on meals of beans and rice. In addition to experiencing difficulty obtaining U.K. work permits, Imbruglia’s name and face, now attached to the soap opera genre, further prevented the determined performer from meeting other professionals who took her seriously. Left without direction for the first time in her life, Imbruglia spent most of this period partying in the London club scene, and later sank into deep depression.

international newcomer and best international female artist, 1998. Addresses: Record company—RCA Records, 1540 Broadway, New York, NY 10036, phone: (212) 9304000, fax: (212) 930-4468.

The second eldest of four girls, Imbruglia was born on February 4, 1975, to the son of an Italian expatriate and his schoolteacher wife. Imbruglia (pronounced ImBROO-lia, the “g” being silent) grew up in a coastal town located just north of Sydney, Australia. She described her upbringing to Nick Compton in London’s Independent on Sunday as “real Brady Bunch.” Nonetheless, Imbruglia always felt different in certain ways from the rest of her family. Displaying a seemingly inborn desire to perform, the future actress/singer started taking dance lessons at about age two, and developed an interest in theater during her early teens. Short-lived Acting Career Imbruglia also took singing lessons, and danced and acted in school musicals. At age 14 she sought out an agent in Sydney and landed some parts in television commercials. Around this time, she also earned a scholarship to attend a performing arts school in Syd-

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Discovered Songwriting In order to combat her lack of success, Imbruglia began writing songs, with no intention of ever letting anyone hear them. The last thing the insecure young woman wanted was for people to make fun of her work or compare her to former cast mate Minogue. Nevertheless, when Imbruglia met her future manager, Anne Barrett, her music career started to take shape. Barrett, who thought Imbruglia’s songs had potential, hooked her client up with a host of highly respected yet not entirely mainstream writers and producers, including Phil Thornalley (former member of the Cure), Nigel Godrich (who worked on Radiohead’s OK Computer), and singer/songwriter Mark Goldenberg (who penned the Eels’ hit “Novocaine For The Soul”). Imbruglia gave a demo tape to RCA Records U.K., who liked what they heard. She later accepted the record company’s contract offer. Before long, RCA released Imbruglia’s debut album, Left of the Middle, in late 1997 in the United Kingdom. The album’s first single, “Torn,” quickly topped the British charts, even nudging out Elton John’s Princess Diana tribute “Candle in the Wind” in October of 1997 for the number one spot. Although the record and single were not released in the United States until the spring of 1998, Imbruglia was already gaining attention with the American alternative/pop audience. Radio stations began playing “Torn” weeks before the album’s official debut in the United States. Imbruglia performed

live on MTV for the debut of her “Torn” video, and followed up with an appearance on the television comedy show Saturday Night Live. The following week, Left of the Middle hit store shelves in the United States and entered the Billboard chart at number ten, selling more than 84,000 copies in seven days. The album was certified platinum just five weeks after its release date, making it the fastest album to break that mark in RCA history. Moreover, Imbruglia’s first album became the largest debut for a new, alternative pop-rock female artist in history, selling more in its first week than records by Alanis Morissette, Meredith Brooks, and Fiona Apple combined.

in the media acknowledged her as a serious musician. For example, the British magazine Melody Maker described her debut effort, according to the Web site RollingStone.com, as “intelligent songs full of an inner strength, [and] a powerful voice projected with knowing confidence.” Imbruglia set out on tour to support the album, beginning in the United Kingdom during the late spring of 1998 and including a performance at the Princes In The Park Concert in London’s Hyde Park, and followed by an American tour later that fall. Raked in Awards for 1998

Imbruglia took pains to separate herself from the commercially-minded soap star Minogue, who released mainly sugar-coated pop tunes. She co-wrote ten of the twelve songs on her debut, including the British hit single “Wishing I Was There.” Although Imbruglia’s album remained suitable for pop audiences, she also embraced lyrical depth and attitude. Musically, the singer’s collection revealed references to the folk overtures of American singer Shawn Colvin, Imbruglia’s strongest influence. And unlike Minogue, who continued acting after embarking on a singing career, Imbruglia opted to concentrate solely on her singing and songwriting. “The only way I’m gonna get better at what I do is to stay focused,” she told Gardner. “I don’t believe in spreading yourself too thin.” Fell Prey to British Tabloids In England, not long after the release of Left of the Middle, controversy erupted when tabloids discovered that an earlier version of “Torn” had been a hit in Norway for singer Trine Rein. The song had been cowritten in 1995 by Thornalley, along with members of the American alternative rock group Ednaswap. Imbruglia explained to Gardner, “I never said I wrote [‘Torn’], and I never said it was written for me. ѧ [Rein’s record company] had the choice to release ‘Torn’ in the United Kingdom, but they didn’t, and so now they’re kicking themselves because another artist had success with it.” The tabloids ultimately proved unsuccessful in their attempts to bring Imbruglia’s reputation into question, and the majority of the British press received her version of the song with stellar reviews. Other standout tracks from Left of the Middle included “Intuition,” “City,” and “One More Addiction.” While recording Left of the Middle in Los Angeles, Imbruglia met and dated American television star David Schwimmer, from the television series Friends. The relationship ended, but Imbruglia admitted that her involvement with Schwimmer had helped boost her confidence while she was making the record. Though some critics labeled Imbruglia as just another record company puppet, she vowed not to go down in music history as another forgotten one-hit wonder, and many

Imbruglia received three nominations for the 1998 MTV Europe Music Awards, as well as three Grammy Award nominations for best new artist, best pop album for Left of the Middle, and best female pop vocal performance for “Torn.” In October of 1998, however, Imbruglia was a big winner at the Australian Recording Industry Awards (Aussie Awards), taking home five awards, including best single and best debut single for “Torn,” best debut album and best pop release for Left of the Middle, and best female artist. Imbruglia also received honors at the Brit Awards in February of 1999, taking home awards for best international newcomer and best international female artist. After a whirlwind year, Imbruglia spent most of 1999 relaxing and writing songs for a second album, although she found time to contribute to film soundtrack recordings, including a track for the Go! soundtrack and an experimental number called “Identify,” written by Smashing Pumpkins front man Billy Corgan for the film Stigmata. She also filmed the supporting video for Corgan’s single. Imbruglia’s second album, White Lilies Island (2001), had a more thoughtful and introspective sound than her debut, but it lacked the energy and drive of Left of the Middle. In the Virginian Pilot, Deborah Markham remarked, “After four years of waiting, the former Australian soap star gives us a performance that lacks the musical power of the last album. Her vocals have swung from passion-filled to upbeat but sad harmonies. And, the lyrics are simple.” Imbruglia told Graham Fuller in Interview that she felt the record wasn’t as successful as she had hoped because “I wasn’t paying any attention to what was being played on the radio. And I took too long to make it.” In 2003 Imbruglia married Daniel Johns, frontman of the band Silverchair, in a secret ceremony on a tropical island off the coast of Australia. This marriage lasted until January of 2008, when the pair divorced. Also in 2003, Imbruglia played the role of sidekick to bumbling comedian Rowan Atkinson in the film Johnny

Imbruglia • 87

English, a British spy spoof that became a smash hit in England. Imbruglia told Fuller that she wanted her next album to “be less introspective lyrically, but slightly edgy musically, so it’s guided by that and the energy I want to have onstage.” That album, Counting Down the Days, was released in April of 2005 and succeeded in bringing Imbruglia back to the territory of her first album. In Music Week she told a reviewer, “I’m so much happier with everything about this record. I’ve accepted what my strengths are and ѧ I have an amazing team around me.” In the London Sunday Times, Mark Edwards called the album “a definite step up from her sophomore effort.” In 2009 the film Closed for Winter, starring Imbruglia, was released in Australia. The story, based on the book of the same name by Australian writer Georgia Blain, featured Imbruglia as a young woman who is haunted by her sister’s disappearance when they were both children. In a press release posted on Imbruglia’s Web site, the film’s writer and director, James Bogle, said that Imbruglia “has the serenity, charm, and depth of character to play a woman fighting for something more. She possesses a focused, nononsense approach to the craft of acting.” Also in 2009, Imbruglia planned to release another album, Come to Life. Many of the songs were cowritten with her former husband, Daniel Johns; other cowriters included Ben Hillier, Dave McCracken, Gary Clark, Jamie Hartman, Paul Harris, and Shep Solomon. In an interview in the Brisbane Times, Imbruglia said about the album, “I feel the same creative buzz I felt when I first started my career. It’s just fun and artistic and creative and all the things it should be.”

Selected discography Left of the Middle, RCA, 1998. (with others) Go! (soundtrack), 1999. (with others) Stigmata: Music From the MGM Motion Picture

88 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Soundtrack, EMD/Virgin, 1999. White Lilies Island, RCA, 2001. Counting Down the Days, Sony/BMG, 2005. Come to Life, Malabar Records, 2009.

Sources Books MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide, Visible Ink Press, 1999.

Periodicals AAP General News (Australia), February 25, 1999. Business Wire, March 18, 1998; May 6, 1998; September 30, 1998. Daily Telegraph (London, England), November 29, 1997; May 21, 1998, p. 30. Entertainment Weekly, March 20, 1998, p. 42. Independent on Sunday (London, England), February 8, 1998, p. 2. Interview, August 2003, p. 36. Music Week, September 8, 2001, p. 10; February 12, 2005, p. 1. Sunday Times (London, England), March 27, 2005, p. 24. Virginian Pilot, March 8, 2002, p. E8.

Online Launch: Discover New Music, http://www.launch.com (September 24, 1999). MTV Online, http://www.mtv.com (September 24, 1999). Natalie Imbruglia Official Web Site, http://www.natalie imbruglia.com/ (April 8, 2009). “Natalie Imbruglia’s Dark Beauty,” Brisbane Times, April 14, 2009, http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/articles/2009/04/ 14/1239474861615.html?page=fullpageⲆcontentSwap3 (June 24, 2009). RollingStone.com, http://www.rollingstone.tunes.com (September 24, 1999). —Laura Hightower and Kelly Winters

I

ndia.Arie made one of the most notable debuts in music history with her 2001 album Acoustic Soul. A critical and commercial hit, the album sold 1.6 million copies in its first year of release and earned the musician seven Grammy Award nominations. Although India.Arie did not walk away with any Grammy Awards that year, the publicity catapulted her into the front ranks of contemporary female R&B performers, a roster that included Jill Scott, Alicia Keys, Lauryn Hill, and Macy Gray. After touring with Sade, India.Arie returned to the studio to make a follow-up album. “The thought crossed my mind about not wanting to alienate my fan base,” India.Arie told Billboard about her second release, Voyage to India, “but I don’t know what would alienate them or bring them in, so I decided not to think about it. I made a conscious decision when I was recording Acoustic Soul to ѧ follow the music and let the chips fall where they may. ѧ It would have been way too much to try to live up to some expectations [with the second album] when I don’t even know what they are.” India.Arie did walk away with Grammy Awards in 2003, one for Best Urban/Alternative Performance for “Little Things” and another for Best R&B Album for Voyage to India.

India.Arie Singer

Marsaili McGrath/Getty Images for Idesigns Event Series

India Arie Simpson was born on October 3, 1975, in Denver, Colorado. Her first name was chosen in honor of the birthday of Indian leader Mohandas K. Gandhi (later given the honorific title Mahatma), which coincided with her expected arrival date. Her middle name, meaning “lion” in Hebrew, was chosen simply because it blended well with her first and last names. Her parents’ roots were in Detroit, where her father, Ralph Simpson, was a standout basketball player at Pershing High School. Simpson himself spent a year at Michigan State University before getting a hardship exemption to enter the draft of the American Basketball Association as a 19-year-old. Drafted by the Denver Rockets (later the Denver Nuggets), he became one of the nowdefunct league’s top scorers. Simpson also played with the National Basketball Association’s Detroit Pistons, Philadelphia 76ers, and New Jersey Nets before ending his athletic career in 1980. India.Arie’s mother, Joyce Simpson, also grew up in Detroit, where she pursued a career as a singer during her teenage years. Her talent was promising enough that the young singer was offered a spot in the group Martha and the Vandellas and, later on, a contract of her own on Motown Records. She decided to turn down both offers; after marrying, she started a career as a fashion designer and worked under the one-name title “Simpson.” Both parents were deeply interested in all kinds of music. They listened to albums by family friend Stevie Wonder, and recordings by Donny Hathaway, Roberta Flack, and James Taylor were also favorites in the Simpson house. As India.Arie described the eclecticism of her family’s record collection in a profile in the Washington Post: “Soul music isn’t a color or a place. It doesn’t necessarily come from Memphis or wherever. It just takes an innate sincerity and ability to

India.Arie • 89

For the Record . . .

B

orn India Arie Simpson on October 3, 1975, in

Denver, CO; daughter of Ralph (a minister and

former professional basketball player) and Joyce Simpson. Education: Studied at Savannah College of Art and Design, GA. Performed on Lilith Fair tour, 1998; released double platinum-selling

Acoustic

Soul,

2001;

released

platinum-selling Voyage to India, 2002; filmed VH1 documentary, Tracking the Monster; Ashley Judd & India.Aire Confornt AIDS in Africa, 2005; released album Testimony: Vol. 1 Life & Relationship, 2006; started own record label, Soulbird Music, 2008; released Testimony: Vol. 2 Love & Politics, 2009. Awards: Black Entertainment Television Award, Best Female R&B Artist, 2002, 2003; Grammy Awards, Best Urban/Alternative Performance, for “Little Things,” Best R&B Album, for Voyage to India, 2003; Orville Gibson Guitar Award, Best Acoustic Guitar (Female), 2002; NAACP Image Awards, Outstanding Female Artist, Outstanding Music Video, 2003; Outstanding Song, for “I Am Not My Hair,” 2007. Addresses:

Record

company—Soulbird

Music/

by Groovement’s members was released in 1998 and included India.Arie’s “India’s Song,” a meditation of the African-American experience in the South. The album led to an offer for India.Arie to play some dates on the Lilith Fair concert tour in the summer of 1998; by the time the tour was over, India.Arie’s performances had generated interest from several record companies eager to sign the musician. India.Arie was careful to sort through the offers that came her way in the wake of her Lilith Fair appearances. “I was never searching for a deal,” she explained in a Jet profile. “I knew that I wanted as many people as possible to hear my music, but I made a decision early not to compromise myself or my music. ѧThen I met Motown President Kedar Massenburg, and he told me he’d never make me compromise my artistic integrity.” In 1998 India.Arie signed with Motown Records, the same label that her mother had nearly signed with 30 years before. Massenburg lived up to his promise not to rush India.Arie into recording her debut album, Acoustic Soul, and the process of putting it together took almost two years. “[The songs] were all written on acoustic guitar, and translating them to full album arrangements took a long time,” India.Arie explained to John Duffy of the Baltimore City Paper. “And it had to be done right. ѧI am very happy with the way it turned out. I learned so much about myself and what I could do. I learned many lessons that, had I learned them later in my career, would have been more difficult.” While she put the finishing touches on her debut album, India.Arie contributed the song “In My Head” to the soundtrack of the Spike Lee film Bamboozled.

Universal Republic Records, 1755 Broadway, New York, NY 10019. Web site—India.Arie Official Web site: http://www.indiaarie.com.

evoke emotion or convey emotion. I used to cry over James Taylor when I was eight, even though I barely understood what he was talking about.” The Simpsons were divorced in the mid-1980s, and Joyce Simpson moved to Atlanta with India.Arie and her two younger siblings, brother J’On and sister Kamsai. India.Arie attended high school in Atlanta but returned to Denver to complete her secondary education. She returned to Georgia after receiving a scholarship to study metal and jewelry design and art history at the Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD). Although she had played the recorder and other wind instruments in high school, it was not until she got to college that she picked up a guitar and began writing songs. Moving back to Atlanta after dropping out of SCAD, India.Arie helped to found an artists’ collective, Groovement, which included an independent record label, Earthseed. A compilation recorded

90 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Acoustic Soul Went Platinum Released in March of 2001, Acoustic Soul won both critical and popular acclaim. In addition to earning platinum certification for its sales of 1.6 million copies in the year after its release, the album earned India.Arie seven Grammy Award nominations, including Best New Artist, Album of the Year, and Record and Song of the Year for the track “Video.” Although she did not take home any of those awards, “Video” became an anthem for many listeners for its positive message to women about their physical appearance. “We’ve been playing a lot of these radio-station events, and every time there are a hundred twelve-to-fifteen-year-old girls up front singing the line ‘Because I am a queen’ right along with me,” India.Arie told the Baltimore City Paper. “If young girls listen to that and it gives them confidence to be themselves, that just blows me away.” Tall and muscular herself, India.Arie avoided presenting an overtly sexual image to the public. “The way I look doesn’t lend itself to [exploitation],” she joked in an interview with Entertainment Weekly. “Because when I take off my clothes, I look like I’m doing an ad for a treadmill.” When she appeared in an advertisement for the Gap clothing chain, however, some of her fans

accused her of selling out. India.Arie took the criticism in stride, explaining in a letter to her fans posted on the bulletin board of her official Web site, “I did it for the recognition, to get my name out to the masses; I did it to make the point that we don’t have to dress like Lil’ Kim to be beautiful. ѧTo look at Vogue and see Britney Spears on the front cover and my strong African self on the back is a candle in the darkness.” India.Arie returned to the recording studio to record another album of positive-themed acoustic-tinged R&B tracks for Voyage to India, released in September of 2002. “I do experiment with lots of different genres,” she told Talia Soghomonian of NY Rock.com. “It’s just making music. ѧIt’s mind and spirit. You know, we’re humans.” Like its predecessor, Voyage to India was both a critical and commercial success and earned gold record certification—for sales over a half-million copies—in just the first month of its release, as well as Grammy Awards for Best Urban/Alternative Performance for “Little Things” and Best R&B Album in 2003. Ambassador for UNICEF After two successful albums, India.Aire took a threeyear hiatus from the music world. It was during this time that she devoted herself to becoming an activist for global health and human dignity. India.Aire was named an Ambassador for UNICEF and traveled to Africa extensively to address the AIDS crisis. In 2005 she filmed the documentary “Tracking the Monster; Ashley Judd &India.Aire Confront AIDS in Africa” for VH-1. In 2006 India.Aire made a strong return to music with the album Testimony: Vol. 1 Life & Relationship. The songs reflected on her personal life and relationships, becoming her most successful album to date. The album charted at number one on the Billboard 200 chart. She became the second female Motown artist to reach this position since Diana Ross. Oprah Winfrey became an avid fan of India.Aire’s music and invited the singer to appear on her TV show to discuss her music and activism. The song “There’s Hope” was singled out by Winfrey, who proclaimed her music as “music that really stimulates and revives the soul.” The uplifting song was also featured at rallies and fundraisers during the presidential campaign of Barack Obama. Her staunch political activism and world travels inspired a fourth album, Testimony: Vol. 2 Love & Politics, which debuted at number three on the Billboard 200 chart. The album was her first to be released on

her own record label, Soulbird Music, that she launched in 2008. The album featured many musical collaborations with notable friends; Musiq Soulchild, Keb Mo, M.C. Lyte, and Turkish music icon-Sezan Aksu. The songs dealt with a variety of issues and were featured in campaigns for breast cancer awareness, Oprah Winfrey’s Leadership Academy for Girls in South Africa, and UNICEF events worldwide. Creating awareness through her music, India.Arie continues to bring these important causes to the attention of music fans across the globe.

Selected discography Acoustic Soul, Motown, 2001. (Contributor) Bamboozled (soundtrack), Polygram, 2000. Voyage to India, Polygram, 2002. Testimony: Vol. 1 Life & Relationship, Motown, 2006. Testimony: Vol. 2 Love & Politics, Soulbird Music/Universal Republic, 2009.

Sources Periodicals Baltimore City Paper, April 4-10, 2001. Billboard, September 7, 2002. Entertainment Weekly, February 8, 2002, p. 16; September 27, 2002, p. 84. Jet, July 16, 2001, p. 57. Knight-Rider/Tribune News Service, September 24, 2002, p. K7193. Q, April 2001. Rocky Mountain News (Denver, CO), November 16, 2002. Washington Post, September 24, 2002, p. C1.

Online “Gold & Platinum,” Recording Industry Association of America, http://www.riaa.com/Gold-Search_Results.cfm? start=1 (November 21, 2002). “India.Arie,”Pop Matters http://www.popmatters.com/music/ concerts/i/india-arie-020814.shtml (August 14, 2002). “India.Aire Awards,” Aceshowbiz.com, http://www.aceshow biz.com/celebrity/india_arie/awards.html (March 31, 2009). India.Arie Official Web site, http://www.boards.indiaarie.com/ viewthread.asp?forum=AMB_AP284230708&id=24 (March 31, 2009). “Interview with India.Arie,” NY Rock.com, http://www.nyrock. com/interviews/2002/india_int.asp (March 3, 2003). —Timothy Borden and Sue Summers

India.Arie • 91

debut album broke the record for the most albums sold on a first release by a Canadian musician. The album was a huge hit in Canada, had two number one videos as well as number one songs, and led to U.S. tours with Steve Winwood, Keith Richards, and Little Feat.

Colin James Singer, guitarist

C

anadian blues guitarist and singer Colin James is a multiple winner of the Juno Award, Canada’s version of the Grammys. He has toured with John Lee Hooker, ZZ Top, Steve Winwood, and Keith Richards. With a long career and many albums behind him, he owns the record for most albums sold on a first release by a Canadian artist. Although he has yet to achieve wide recognition in the U.S. market, he is a significant star in Canada and has sold millions of records in his home country. James was born at home in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, and began showing an intense interest in music when he was about eight or nine years old. He got his first electric guitar when he was ten, and also played the mandolin as a teen. He was fortunate to be encouraged and helped along the way by others, and he realized while he was still a teenager that he could eventually have a successful career as a musician if he worked hard enough. He dropped out of high school to pursue his musical dream. When he was about 16, he played in a coffeehouse in Winnipeg with his first band, the Hoodoo Men. Within a year, he was opening for George Thorogood and John Lee Hooker and getting good reviews. When James was only 18, legendary guitar player Stevie Ray Vaughan heard him play and knew that he was a major talent. Vaughan took James under his wing, bringing him on tour across Canada and the United States. James was one of the first musicians signed by the new Virgin America label, and in 1988 his self-titled

92 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

His next album, Sudden Stop, was an uncharacteristic hit in the United States, and the album led to an appearance on David Letterman for James, a tour with ZZ Top, and tours in Sweden, Germany, and France. James followed this with Colin James and the Little Big Band, featuring the horn-heavy, “jump” style of blues in a collection of early rock and roll songs; it led to appearances on Late Night with Conan O’Brian and gigs opening for the Rolling Stones. The album was widely popular even though its style, harking back to the 1940s and 1950s, was the antithesis of the thencurrent trend of “grunge” and “alternative” rock. In Entertainment Weekly, Bob Cannon praised the album, calling it a tribute to a time when music “was for dancing, not thinking.” James released Then Again in 1995. This was largely a compilation of his greatest hits of the preceding years. The album included tracks such as “Keep On Lovin’ Me Baby,” “Down in the Bottom,” and “Cadillac Baby.” Three new songs were also included: “Stay,” “Happy,” and “Milkcow Calf Blues.” In 1996 James released Bad Habits, with guest appearances by Lenny Kravitz and Mavis Staples; the album was produced by Rolling Stones producer Chris Kimsey. James followed this with National Steel, a record of rare delta blues songs originally played and sung by artists like Muddy Waters and Bukka White. On that album, he was joined by stellar slide guitarist Colin Linden. The release was followed by a tour of folk festivals across Canada. It was also followed by an offer from Elektra, which released the album in the United States—James’s first U.S. release. Elektra executive Nancy Jeffries told Larry LeBlanc in Billboard, “This is a career record for James. While it shows a clear [musical] progression from his past albums, this album is more consistent than the others, and Colin has grown tremendously musically.” James’s 1998 release Colin James and the Little Big Band II was a compendium of jump blues and swing. It was released just at the time that a fad for swing music burst into the popular culture, so it was well-timed and quite successful; James stayed on the road for two years to support the album. In 2000 James released Fuse. He wrote on his Web site, “It really seemed time to create a record that was original and that would again take me in yet another direction.” He joined songwriter/guitarist Craig Northey and began working on songs that blended rock and soul. He noted on his Web site that this experience

For the Record . . .

B

orn Colin James Munn in Regina, Saskatchewan,

Canada, on August 17, 1964.

Released Colin James, 1988; Sudden Stop, 1990; Colin James and the Little Big Band, 1993; Then Again, 1995; Bad Habits, 1996; National Steel, 1998; Colin James and the Little Big Band, 1998; Fuse, 2000; Traveler, 2004; Limelight, 2005; Colin James and the Little Big Band 3, 2006; Christmas, 2007. Awards: Juno Awards: Most Promising New Artist, 1988; Single of the Year, 1990; Male Vocalist of the Year, 1990, 1995; Best Blues Album, 1997; Best Producer, 1998; Jazz Report Awards: Blues Album of the Year, 1998; Blues Musician of the Year, 1998; Maple Blues Award, Electric Act of the Year, 2007.

tinues its own tradition superbly, and raises the bar in what will be viewed as one of the finest recordings of the year.” In 2007 James and the Little Big Band released an album of Christmas tunes. The album, titled Christmas, included some well-known classics, but it also included rarely recorded songs by Louis Armstrong and Louis Prima. On his Web site, James wrote that the album was recorded in early summer, so that he sometimes had “a surreal experience” as he walked “down the tree-lined streets singing ‘Let It Snow’ hoping no one could hear.” The album was released in November, and James followed it with a Christmas symphony tour to major cities across Canada. In Canadian Musician, Ryan McLaughlin wrote that James’s earlier album Traveler gave young musicians “something to aspire to.” And James told McLaughlin that his goal in life was to keep the blues alive and get young people interested in it. He said, “Nothing makes me happier than when somebody comes up and says, ‘I saw you last year and I never listen to that kind of music before and you really got me into it.’ That’s awesome! It’s always great when that happens.”

Addresses: Record company—Virgin America, 150 5th Ave., New York, NY 10011.

allowed him “to create one of the most enjoyable recording experiences of my life.” James’s 2004 album Traveler featured covers of John Lennon, Jimi Hendrix, and Nick Drake songs, as well as some original tunes. In an article originally published in Voodoo Child, The Traveler reviewer added that James’s original songs “rival material from the likes of John Mayer and Hall and Oates,” and praised James’s “ability to grow and move with the music, learning as he goes.” James’s next album, Limelight, was a blend of soul, rhythm, and roots. On his Web site James wrote, “I’ve found something musically that I like more than anything, and that’s soul. ѧ I want something that has emotional energy, a bit of a yearning to it. It’s the kind of sound that almost anyone can appreciate.” He also commented that with this album, he wanted to make a record that “was listenable, even at lower volumes. Something that could fill a room every once in a while, without pounding.” Colin James and the Little Big Band 3, released in 2006, continued James’s collection of jump blues and hard R&B. On the Nakusp Music Festival Web site, a reviewer wrote that on this album, the cover songs “are re-cast in dynamic fashion courtesy of Colin and his exemplary band,” and commented that the album “con-

Selected discography Colin James, Virgin, 1988. Sudden Stop, Virgin, 1990. Colin James and the Little Big Band, Virgin, 1993. Then Again, Virgin, 1995. Bad Habits, Elektra, 1996. National Steel, Elektra, 1998. Colin James and the Little Big Band II, Elektra, 1998. Fuse, WEA, 2000. Traveler, WEA, 2004. Limelight, Maple, 2005. Colin James and the Little Big Band 3, Maple, 2006. Christmas, Maple, 2007.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, June 17, 1995, p. 12; May 23, 1998, p. 61; January 30, 1999, p. 11; November 25, 2000, p.68. Canadian Musician, November-December 2003, p. 25. Entertainment Weekly, April 8, 1994, p. 57.

Online “Colin James,” Nakusp Music Festival Web Site, http://www. nakuspmusicfest.ca/index.php/artists/artist/undetermined_ 755_pm_sunday/ (April 8, 2009). Colin James Official Web Site, http:www.colinjames.com/ (April 8, 2009). —Kelly Winters

James • 93

Kaiser Chiefs Rock group

T

he English rock group Kaiser Chiefs catapulted to success in 2005 on the strength of their wildly popular single, the New Wave-influenced “I Predict a Riot.” Capturing the attention of European and American audiences and critics alike, Kaiser Chiefs unleashed their hit album Employment, which would ultimately achieve multi-platinum status in the group’s native Great Britain in 2005. It earned the group numerous awards, including three 2006 Brit Awards, and firmly established the group as one of Britain’s most popular acts. Two more albums quickly followed, with Yours Truly, Angry Mob dropping in 2007 and Off with Their Heads in 2008. Nearly five grueling years of touring led up to the band’s announcement of a planned hiatus to begin in the fall of 2009. The first stirrings of what would become the Kaiser Chiefs came while singer Ricky Wilson and drummer/ songwriter Nick Hodgson were teenagers in Leeds, England. The pair starting jamming together after being introduced through a friend, and a few years later they joined forces with fellow Leeds natives Nick Baines (keyboards), Simon Rix (bass), and Andrew White (guitar). Known as Parva, this early incarnation of the band was strongly influenced by Britpop heroes Blur and Oasis rather than by what Michael Sutton of the All Music Guide called the “class-of-1977 power pop” that characterized the band’s later sound. Parva released a handful of singles on Mantra in the early 2000s and recorded an album, 22, that went unreleased after the label closed its doors in 2003. Speaking to Brian Braiker of Rolling Stone, Hodgson recalled that “we kind of reached a bit of a dead end—quite a lot of dead

94 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

ends, really.” Rather than throwing in the towel altogether, Parva decided to reinvent itself with new material, a new sound, and the new name of Kaiser Chiefs, lifted from the South African soccer club Kaizer Chiefs. Inspired by his experiences deejaying a Leeds dance night alongside Wilson, Hodgson came up with the hook for what would become the group’s breakthrough single, “I Predict a Riot.” In the interview with Braiker, Wilson remarked that Hodgson “noticed what made people dance.” The group tried out their new sound in May of 2004 on the limited seven-inch “Oh My God.” Influenced by the pop-punk stompers of the late 1970s, the single rose to number 66 on the British charts despite the band’s lack of a proper record label and accompanying promotional support. Later that year, Kaiser Chiefs signed to indie label B-Unique and released their full-length debut, Employment. By the end of the year, the single “I Predict a Riot” had begun making waves on both sides of the Atlantic, capturing the ears of radio stations and the pens of music critics well before the album made its official bow in the United States the following spring. Describing the song’s rapid ascent up the charts, NME noted that its “topical lyrics, concerning alcohol-fuelled violence in small English towns, attracted as much attention as the band’s anarchic update on late 70s post-punk.” “I Predict a Riot” found its way to number 34 on the Billboard Modern Rock charts in the United States. The single—along with the re-released “Oh My God” and the Employment track “Every Day I Love You Less and Less”—made their way to the top ten in the U.K. and helped the Kaiser Chiefs’ debut become a multi-platinum smash. Riding high on the boost from Employment, the Kaiser Chiefs played at major music events, including the Glastonbury Festival and the charity relief concert Live 8, during the summer of 2005. The group quickly became widely recognized for their energetic—almost frenetic—live performances and on-stage prowess. A nationwide tour with fellow Leeds rockers The Cribs helped see the Kaiser Chiefs through the remainder of the year. The following year opened strongly for the quintet, with the band bringing home three 2006 Brit awards for Best British Rock Act, Best Group, and Best Live Act. With the bustle surrounding Employment slowly fading, Kaiser Chiefs soon returned to the studio to record their sophomore effort, Yours Truly, Angry Mob. Bursting back on the British scene in February of 2007, the group released single “Ruby,” which NME noted “may not sound too zeitgeistular, [but] it’s a sign the Kaisers have both grown musical muscles and exited Novelty Island in the nick of time.” Indeed, “Ruby” landed at the top of the charts and helped thrust the group back on the British consciousness for months to come. The group’s enthusiastic tour performances earned them a spot opening a new BBC radio series broadcasting live shows, as well as a nomination from the NME as Best

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Nick ”Peanut“ Baines, key-

boards; Nick Hodgson, drums; Simon Rix,

bass; Andrew White, guitar; and Ricky Wilson, vocals. Wrote and recorded as Parva, early 2000s; changed name to Kaiser Chiefs and adopted new style, 2003; released first single, “Oh My God,” signed to B-Unique, released debut album, Employment, 2004; rose to prominence on strength of single “I Predict a Riot,” 2005; released second album Yours Truly, Angry Mob, 2007; released third album Off With Their Heads, 2008; announced planned hiatus, 2009.

ascension on the charts only a few years earlier. In February of 2009, rumors of a hiatus or band split brought on by declining chart success began to surface. Kaiser Chiefs moved quickly to squash these rumors, and NME quoted the band as stating, “What do we have to be devastated about? We’re halfway through our most enjoyable and biggest tour of Europe, and couldn’t be happier with the way it’s going.” However, the quintet confirmed only weeks later that it planned to take a break to pursue personal interests following their intensive summer touring schedule, which included a stint supporting popular rockers such as U2 and Green Day, as well as highly billed slots at the Reading and Leeds Festival and on the main stage at Chicago’s Lollapalooza Festival. Commenting on the planned hiatus to Robin Murray of Clashmusic.com, Wilson explained, “We’ve all got things that we’re doing outside of the band—I’ve got five years of letters to open.”

Awards: Brit Awards: Best British Rock Act, Best Group, Best Live Act, 2006; Ivor Novello Award, Best Album,

Selected discography

for Employment, 2006; NME Award, Best Album, for Employment; Q Award, Best Live Act, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Universal Music Group,

“Oh My God” (7-inch single), 2004. Employment, B-Unique, 2004 (UK); Universal, 2005 (USA). Yours Truly, Angry Mob, Universal, 2007. Off With Their Heads, Universal, 2008.

755 Broadway, New York, NY 10019, Web site: http:// www.umusic.com. Web site—Kaiser Chiefs Official Web site: http://www.kaiserchiefs.co.uk.

Sources Periodicals

Live Band of 2007. Despite the wild success of the album, which went platinum in the U.K. and became the seventh-best-selling record of the year, its achievements paled in comparison to the overwhelming figures racked up by Employment, leading some to wonder if Kaiser Chiefs were on the decline. The group returned in late 2008 with their third album, Off With Their Heads, helmed by prominent British DJ and producer Mark Ronson. Supported by the lead single “Never Miss a Beat” and a much-buzzed-about collaboration with British singer Lily Allen, the album landed at the number two position on the U.K. charts in its first week of release. Braiker hailed the album as “one of the most entertaining of the year,” but critic Jamie Fullerton of NME, exhibiting signs of weariness with the group, called the album “half-knowing, half-full of anthems and lyrically halfway to hell.” Although “Never Miss a Beat” performed well on the charts, the follow-up single “Good Days Bad Days” failed to crack the Top 100, a significant drop from the band’s easy

Billboard, February 10, 2007; October 18, 2008. Music Week, February 25, 2006; June 3, 2006; February 17, 2008; October 18, 2008. Rolling Stone, November 27, 2008.

Online “Kaiser Chiefs,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (May 13, 2009). “Kaiser Chiefs,” Kaiser Chiefs Official Web site, http://www. kaiserchiefs.co.uk (May 13, 2009). “Kaiser Chiefs Biography,” NME, http://www.nme.com (May 13, 2009). “Kaiser Chiefs: Off With Their Heads,” NME, October 10, 2008, http://www.nme.com (May 13, 2009). “Kaiser Chiefs: Ruby,” NME, February 2, 2007, http://www. nme.com (May 13, 2009). “Kaiser Chiefs Scotch Tabloid Rumors,” NME, February 9, 2009, http://www.nme.com (May 13, 2009). “Kaiser Chiefs Take Break,” Clash Music, http://www. clashmusic.com (May 13, 2009). —Vanessa Vaughn

Kaiser Chiefs • 95

mother’s womb,” she told Andrea Seabrook of National Public Radio. “There is no formal education for an accordionist.”

La India Canela

At first, La India had to practice the accordion secretly; women accordion performers like the merengue típico player Fefita la Grande did exist, but were rare, and her father believed it was improper for a girl to play the instrument. Merengue típica, featuring an accordion backed by tambora, often conga drums, a güira scraper, saxophone, bass, and other instruments, was a semi-traditional music that arose in the countryside of the Dominican Republic’s northern Cibao region, and it had, from the viewpoint of some upper class Dominicans, low social status. La India’s obvious talent eventually changed her father’s mind, and he arranged an apprenticeship for her with the bandleader Miro Francisco.

I

The young accordionist traveled around the Dominican Republic with Francisco—on two wheels. “Sometimes from Guananico we would go to Hatillo Palma, traveling the whole Línea region on a motorbike he had. We had to get on that little bike with accordion and saxophone and fight our way through all those hills to go there, and then we would return at two in the morning,” the accordionist recalled, as quoted in the booklet accompanying her Smithsonian Folkways album La India Canela: Merengue Típico, from the Dominican Republic. “It was 70 or 80 kilometers, and sometimes our gas would run out. We’d have to stop people to give us a little gas, and it was cold up there!” The apprenticeship paid off, however. When La India was 14, Juan de Dios, the saxophonist in Fefita la Grande’s band, listened to La India play and suggested that she form a new group with some musicians he knew and move to the large city of Santiago de los Caballeros.

The Spanish designation La India Canela literally means “The Cinnamon Indian”; the word “india” in the Dominican Republic often means a woman of mixedrace descent rather than one of specifically Native American background. La India’s birth name has been given as Lidia Mari´a Hernández López or Mery Hernánez. She was born in El Limón, in Villa González, a tobacco-plantation region in the Dominican Republic’s Santiago Province.

La India’s father was once again reluctant to agree to the plan, but other family and friends convinced him that she might have a future in the business. La India began playing in Santiago clubs. It was around that time, she told Seabrook, that she acquired her stage name: she met a radio host who looked her over and said, “Your name is ‘La India. La India Canela.’” La India impressed listeners with her rendition of the difficult instrumental piece “Las Siete Pasadas” (The Seven Passages), but her career progressed slowly at first. During the 1980s she formed three different groups. Her husband, a music promoter, served as her manager at first, but after the couple divorced, La India took control of her career. She was influenced by leading merengue típico players in Santiago, including her teachers Siano Arias, Rafaelito Polanco, and Lupe Valerio, but she also began to write material of her own.

Accordionist, bandleader, songwriter

n at least two ways, the Dominican accordionist known as La India Canela is unusual among the Latin American musicians who have gained exposure outside their native countries. First is the fact that she is a woman: female instrumentalists are rare in Latin American popular music, although La India herself was preceded by other women in her merengue típico genre and has in turn inspired younger female players. A second unusual feature of La India’s music is its genre: merengue típico (mer-AYN-gay TEE-pee-co), while popular in the Dominican Republic, has been less often heard abroad than the orchestral, brass-and-winddriven merengue heard in countless Latin American dance venues.

La India’s rural home had no television and no radio, so the family made their own entertainment. La India’s father occasionally played the tambora, a two-headed Afro-Caribbean drum, for fun, and her older brother played the accordion a little. La India took up the accordion herself, but from the start it was more than a diversion for her. “Accordion is very profound, and you feel it probably from the moment you are in your

96 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

It was a La India original with accordion-related wordplay, titled “Apriétame Así” (Squeeze me Like That), that established her as a famous musician in the early 1990s. She followed that up with other hits, including

For the Record . . .

B

orn in El Limón, Santiago Province, Dominican

Republic; married and divorced; two children. Edu-

cation: Apprenticed as musician with Miro Francisco, an accordionist and saxophonist. Formed three groups in merengue típica genre, 1980s; scored hit with “Apriétame Así,” early 1990s; recorded several albums for José Luís label, late 1990s; released album La India Canela: Merengue Típico from the Dominican Republic on Smithsonian Folkways label, 2008.

in many countries. The album contained some of the most famous pieces from the merengue típica tradition, along with a new version of “Apriéme Así.” The release brought La India attention from music buyers in the United States and beyond. La India toured in U.S. venues and appeared on National Public Radio’s All Things Considered. Her growing renown began to inspire younger women to play the accordion and she was quoted as saying in the liner notes to the Smithsonian Folkways album, “It has been a great satisfaction for me that some of the young women have come up to me and said that they have seen in me an example to follow.” With the release of more than 50 of her earlier tracks in digital download form in March of 2009, La India Canela added another dash of her distinctive Caribbean flavor to the roots music scene of the Western Hemisphere.

Awards: Casandra arts prize, Dominican Republic (twotime winner).

Selected discography

Addresses: Record company—Smithsonian Folkways

Que Siga la Fiesta! (Let the Party Begin), José Luís, 1997. En Vivo! (Live), José Luís, 1998. La India Canela: Merengue Típico, from the Dominican Republic, Smithsonian Folkways, 2008.

Recordings, 600 Maryland Ave., Ste. 2001, Washington, DC 20024.

“El Rancho” and “El Cuchicheo.” La India went on to forge a repertoire consisting of traditional pieces, music in modern styles, and her own compositions. Merengue típica was changing as Dominican society prospered and urbanized in the 1990s and 2000s, and La India found a place for various elements, including mambo and other Afro-Caribbean rhythms, in her music. But she believed (as quoted by the Merengue Típico Web site) that “la música típica shouldn’t lose its essence. Because if it loses its essence, it loses its roots.” Recording several albums for the José Luís label, La India twice won the Casandra, the Dominican Republic’s top arts prize. She took another step forward in her career with the release of La India Canela: Merengue Típico, from the Dominican Republic in 2008. The album appeared on Smithsonian Folkways, a prestigious U.S. label that explored roots music forms

Sources Online “La India Canela,” Latino Arts, http://www.latinoartsinc.org/ display/router.asp?docid=551 (April 29, 2009). “La India Canela,” Merengue Típico, http://www.merengueripiao.com/india.html (April 29, 2009). “La India Canela: Dominican Accordionist,” Smithsonian Global Sound, http://www.smithsonianglobalsound.org/fea ture_28A.aspx (April 29, 2009). “La India Canela: Hot-Blooded Accordion,” Interview, All Things Considered, National Public Radio, April 13, 2008, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=8918 9077. Additional information ws obtained from La India Canela: Merengue Típico, from the Dominican Republic, Booklet notes, Smithsonian Folkways Records. —James M. Manheim

La India Canela • 97

S

inger Jenny Lewis has two solo albums to her credit, but she is also the singer for the band Rilo Kiley, and when she was younger she appeared in numerous commercials, television series, and films. With a voice that has been compared to country star Loretta Lynn’s, Lewis sings songs that draw from country, gospel, rock, and pop.

Jenny Lewis

Lewis was born and raised in Las Vegas, Nevada, where her parents, Linda Lewis and Eddie Gordon, had a lounge singing act called “Love’s Way.” Her father played harmonica, her mother played bass, and they also had a drum machine. They played soft hits of the 1970s, including songs by the Carpenters and Sonny and Cher. Lewis told Austin Scaggs in Rolling Stone that family legend held that her mother went into labor with her during a performance. Lewis told Tim Cooper in the London Independent that Las Vegas was a horrible place to grow up. “It’s a sham—the worst place on earth,” she said. “It feels so desperate.” Lewis’s father left when she was three, and she was raised mainly by her mother, eventually moving to the San Fernando Valley of California. Music continued to be her main interest; she and her sister had a little singing group that would perform in their kitchen. Calling themselves the “Valley Girls,” they sang songs by Dolly Parton, Loretta Lynn, Barbra Streisand, and Lou Reed. Lewis joked to Scaggs, “I was obsessed with [the musical] Annie, but no one would sing those [songs] with me.” She also often listened to her mother’s collection of country records, as well as to the record Gonna Take a Miracle, a soul record by Laura Nyro.

Singer

During this time, her mother was working as a waitress and was also on welfare, and she sent Lewis out to acting auditions in the hope of supplementing the family’s income. Lewis won parts in commercials—her first was for Jell-O—and quickly became the family’s main breadwinner. Her jobs expanded from commercials to television shows, and then to films. She appeared in the show Life with Lucy and later in the films Pleasantville, Foxfire, and The Wizard, among others.

© Tim Mosenfelder/Corbis

Lewis felt burdened by her role as her family’s provider, and was relieved to quit acting when she grew up and was on her own. She told Cooper that she didn’t regret her childhood as an actor, but that “at a certain point my sanity was the most important thing, and I was willing to sacrifice the responsibility.” She also remarked that it was very difficult to be a teenager and have your body constantly being looked at and commented on by others.

98 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

With her friend Blake Sennet, Lewis founded the indiepop quartet Rilo Kiley. They released thre albums, Rilo Kiley (1999), Take Offs and Landings (2001), The Execution of All Things (2002), and More Adventurous (2004), before Lewis decided to try doing a solo album. In 2005 Rilo Kiley was doing well, with their first majorlabel album and a tour with the immensely popular

For the Record . . .

B

orn Jenny Lewis on January 8, 1976, in Las Vegas,

NV; daughter of Linda Lewis and Eddie Gordon.

Worked as a child actor, appeared on commercials, television shows, and films; sang with the band Rilo Kiley; with Rilo Kiley, released Rilo Kiley, 1999; Take Offs and Landings, 2001; The Execution of All Things, 2002; More Adventurous, 2004; and Under the Blacklight, 2007; pursued solo career and released

Lewis also told Hasted that most of her songs are about her parents, “because I just don’t know them very well. And I’m still trying to understand what happened [with the divorce] and why. It’s this blank slate. ѧ I want to keep writing about them ѧ and maybe figure out who I am in the process.” Lewis remarked to Hasted that although she sometimes has bouts of depression, under it all she retains a sense of optimism and believes she will have a successful life: “I’m a late bloomer, in every aspect. I’m a slow-moving train. But I’ll get there eventually. ѧ I’m the most negative optimist you’ll ever meet. And making [Acid Tongue] is the freest I’ve felt.”

Rabbit Fur Coat, 2006; and Acid Tongue, 2008. Addresses: Record company—75 Rockefeller Plaza

Selected discography

Ⲇ1,E New York, NY 10019.

With Rilo Kiley

band Coldplay, but for Lewis, the experience seemed empty. She told Cooper that touring in support of a hugely popular band like Coldplay might seem like any musician’s dream, but that in reality, the crowds are just waiting for that big band and they are impatient and indifferent during the opening act. “Some nights I just couldn’t wait to get through with it,” she told Cooper. Lewis released her debut solo album, Rabbit Fur Coat, in 2006. She told Brian Orloff in Rolling Stone that she wanted to make a record that paid homage to her relationship with her mother, so she wrote songs that drew on her childhood listening to her mother’s album collection. Lewis recruited a duo, the Kentucky-based Watson Twins, as backup singers, and wrote a series of loose, rootsy, gospel-influenced tunes. As Cooper noted, despite its old-time country feel, the album was thoroughly modern because of Lewis’s “bittersweet and sharply observed lyrics [which] reflect the US’s current moral crisis.” In 2007 Rilo Kiley released Under the Blacklight, and began touring in support of it. At the same time, Lewis was recording her second solo album, Acid Tongue, on which she mixed rock, folk, and country, with guest appearances by Zooey Deschanel, Chris Robinson, and Elvis Costello. Lewis told Scaggs that harmonizing with Costello “was one of the coolest moments of my entire life.” Another surprise guest was her father, Eddie Gordon, who played harmonica. They had not had a relationship for years, but after he developed cancer they began speaking again. She told Nick Hasted in the London Independent that for most of her life she got a postcard from him every couple of years, usually from some distant place. “He was a very mysterious character,” she said, “but I thought this was the right time to bring him in.”

Rilo Kiley, 1999. Take Offs and Landings, Barsuk Records, 2001. The Execution of All Things, Saddle Creek Records, 2002. More Adventurous, Warner Bros., 2004. Under the Blacklight, Warner Bros., 2007.

Solo Albums Rabbit Fur Coat, Team Love, 2006. Acid Tongue, Warner Bros., 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, January 28, 2006. Daily Variety, November 18, 2008, p. A26. Entertainment Weekly, September 26, 2008, p. 58; January 27, 2006, p. 82; October 3, 2008, p. 76 Globe and Mail (Toronto, ON, Canada), January 20, 2006, p. R31; October 7, 2008, p. R3. Interview, September 2004, p. 68; December 2005, p. 48. New York Times, September 29, 2008, p.E1. WWD, September 8, 2005, p. 14B.

Online “Jenny Lewis,” Internet Movie Data Base, http://www.imdb. com/name/nm0507343/bio (April 8, 2009). “Jenny Lewis – My private traumas,” Independent, http:// www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/ features/jenny-lewis--my-private-traumas-942595.html (April 8, 2009). “Jenny Lewis’ New Soul,” Rolling Stone, May 11, 2005, http:// www.rollingstone.com/artists/rilokiley/articles/story/ 7298764/jenny_lewis_new_soul (April 8, 2009). “Jenny Lewis: Poor Little Rich Girl,” Independent, January 20, 2006, http://www.=independent.co.uk/arts-entertain ment/music/features/jenny-lewis-poor-little-rich-girl-5237 11.html (April 8, 2009).

Lewis • 99

“Q and A: Jenny Lewis,”Rolling Stone, October 2, 1008, http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/rilokiley/articles/story/ 23087710/qa_jenny_lewis April 8, 2009). —Kelly Winters

100 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

I

n the turbulent climate of rap music, careers are often brief moments of success cresting atop long stretches of obscurity. For LL Cool J, this is not so. He helped lay down the groundwork for rap during the genre’s early days, and refined and reinvented it for nearly three decades. A veteran in a field with few veterans, LL Cool J has broken numerous commercial records as well as artistic barriers by appealing to so-called “crossover” audiences and developing a thriving acting career. The winner of two Grammy Awards, the rapper sees his longevity as only just beginning.

LL Cool J

The experience of growing up in the tough neighborhood of St. Alban’s in Queens, New York, provided LL Cool J, born James Todd Smith in 1968, with the tenacity and experience that has shaped many rappers. However, unlike many of his “gangsta” contemporaries, LL Cool J later celebrated the strength gained from his youth, but not affiliations with gangs. “I did everything you could possibly name in the street,” LL Cool J told Vibe magazine. “I really came from that realness. I have that Queens experience on my mind, and it’ll never leave me. The things I’ve been through ѧ the gunshots fired at me because me and my friend put blanks inside snowballs and threw them on people’s windshields. We was nuts to a certain extent, but for the most part, I’m glad I did everything I did because it helped mold me as a person.”

Rap musician

Def Jam Took Notice

AP Images

Not only did the streets provide LL Cool J with life lessons, they were also the place where he began rapping at a very young age. Experimenting from age nine, LL Cool J was fronting local rap crews at eleven years old, and in less than two years he was tinkering with recording equipment. After his grandfather bought him a two-track recorder in lieu of a dirtbike, the precocious LL Cool J cut his first demo tapes when he was only 13, and soon began mailing them out. The tapes captured the attention of producers Rick Rubin and Russell Simmons, founders of the budding label Def Jam, and LL Cool J was almost immediately locked on a track for stardom. In 1984, a time when rap music was only just gaining credibility with mass audiences, Def Jam was a gutsy venture. By releasing then 16-year-old LL Cool J’s “I Need A Beat” as their maiden single, Rubin and Simmons were taking a true risk. However, their faith in LL Cool J’s talents was well-founded, and the single took off in popularity. A year later LL Cool J recorded his debut album (and their first long player), Radio, for Def Jam, to wide acclaim. The album was a showcase of bass-driven favorites such as “Rock The Bells,” as well as tender ballads, justifying his full moniker, Ladies Love Cool James. The album went platinum, as did many of LL Cool J’s full-length releases that followed.

LL Cool J • 101

For the Record . . .

B

orn James Todd Smith in 1968, in St. Alban’s,

Queens, NY; married Simone, 1995; three

children. Released first single, “I Need A Beat” (1984) and first album, Radio (1985) for Def Jam label; performed on the Raising Hell Tour alongside Run DMC and the Beastie Boys, 1986; released Bigger And Deffer, 1987, became first rap artist to hit Billboard Black Singles Chart, 1987; became first rapper on the cover of Ebony magazine, 1987; performed Ivory Coast benefit concert, 1988; released Mama Said Knock You Out, 1990; made debut movie appearance in film The Hard Way, 1991; became first rapper on MTV’s Unplugged series, 1991; released 14 Shots to the Dome, 1993, Mr. Smith, 1995; Walking with a Panther, 1995; star of NBC/UPN series In The House, 1995-98; released compilation All World Greatest Hits, 1996; released

perform in the rap film Krush Groove, to deliver a version of his song “I Can’t Live Without My Radio.” Within the next several years, LL Cool J would figure prominently in several major rap tours under the Def Jam banner: the Raising Hell Tour of 1986, featuring Run DMC and the Beastie Boys, and the Def Jam Tour a year later, whose roster included Public Enemy, Eric B. and Rakim, and Whodini. “See LL live,” urged Los Angeles Times critic Robert Hilburn, “and it’s easy to understand why he is emerging as a legitimate culture hero. His confidence and way with rhymes suggest a young Mohammed Ali, but some of his stage antics are reminiscent of Prince.” With his low brimmed floppy cap and massive gold chains, LL Cool J’s image neatly summed up all that was “old school” rap. With the release of his second album, Bigger and Deffer (1987), LL Cool J scored with audiences across the board, helping to broaden the audience for rap. The album’s single “I Need Love” became the first rap song to top Billboard magazine’s R&B chart, and proved that rap could embrace romantic modes as well as rock ’n’ roll. As the album joined Radio in platinum territory, LL Cool J’s track “Going Back To Cali” for the film Less Than Zero help push that movie’s soundtrack to gold sales.

Phenomenon, 1997; starred in numerous films, 1990s–; released G.O.A.T. Featuring James T. Smith: The Greatest of All Time, 2000; 10, 2002; released Timbaland-produced The DEFinition, 2004; Todd Smith, 2006; released final effort for Def Jam, Exit 13, 2008. Awards: Village Voice Award, Album of the Year, 1990; New York Music Awards, Artist of the Year, Album of the Year, Song of the Year, 1991; Grammy Awards, Best Rap Solo Performance, for Mama Said Knock You Out, 1991, Best Rap Solo Performance, for “Hey Lover,” 1996; Soul Train Awards, Best Rap Single, for “I Need Love,” Best Rap Album, for Bigger and Deffer, 1988; Soul Train Award, R&B/Soul or Rap Album of the Year, for 10, 2003; Long Island Music Hall of Fame inductee, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Def Jam Recordings, 652 Broadway, New York, NY 10012, Web site: http:// www.defjam.com. Web site—LL Cool J Official Web site: http://www.defjam.com/site/artist_home.php?ar tist_id=202.

Already a recording star, LL Cool J quickly proved to be a powerful live presence as well. He was invited to

102 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Gave Back to Society By the end of the 1980s, LL Cool J began to show a genuine commitment to social issues. In November of 1988 he performed in Abidjan, the capital of the Ivory Coast, as a benefit to a local hospital, and consequently was crowned honorary Chief Kwasi Achi-Brou by the elder council of the nearby village Gran-Bassan. In addition to later appearing in a set of drug awareness public service announcements for television, LL Cool J was approached by then-First Lady Nancy Reagan to headline an anti-drug benefit concert at New York City’s Radio City Music Hall. Just as the general public was developing uneasiness over a link between rap music, gang violence, and narcotic addiction, LL Cool J’s concert took a strong stand against violence and drug use. LL Cool J continued to release platinum-selling albums, and amassed awards and nominations for his recordings. Although the massive 18-track Walking With A Panther (1989) was perhaps LL Cool J’s low point among critics, it was still a commercial smash, and harbored at least one impressive single, “I’m That Type Of Guy.” However, the 1990 follow-up, Mama Said Knock You Out, was hailed as LL Cool J’s best album yet, through which he “reclaim[ed] his persona as the most articulated of homeboys, above uncluttered funk riffs assembled by the producer Marley Marl,” according to New York Times columnist Jon Pareles. Indeed, while the album contained some of LL Cool J’s smoothest compositions, such as the memorable “Around The Way Girl,” yet another single that peaked on multiple charts, it was the bass-thumping,

confident drive of “The Boomin’ System” and the album’s title cut that ultimately gave Mama Said Knock You Out its appeal. The onset of the 1990s saw LL Cool J explore the media of film and television, both as a musician and as an actor. On the big screen, he turned in an impressive performance as an undercover cop in the drama The Hard Way in 1991, which led to a part in director Barry Levinson’s 1992 film Toys. For MTV, LL Cool J took part in two groundbreaking specials, both in 1991. In May he performed acoustic versions of songs such as “Mama Said Knock You Out” and “Jingling Baby” for the popular series Unplugged, becoming the first rap artist to appear on the show. Shortly thereafter, he appeared in the music network’s History of Rap documentary, discussing classic rap acts like Afrika Bambaata and The Sugarhill Gang, as rap began to get the recognition it deserved as a cultural phenomenon. In addition, LL Cool J was given his own television series, In The House. First shown on the NBC network in 1995, it was moved to the UPN network before ending its run in 1998. Style Changed with the Times By the 1990s, rap had undergone a myriad of changes and upheavals, branching into countless factions and styles, and LL Cool J’s next several albums proved that he was able to retain his vitality throughout. His 1993 album 14 Shots To The Dome provided the rapper with yet another platinum-seller. Mr. Smith, released in 1995, rated as one of the artist’s most successful fusions of hard-edged attitude and laid-back eroticism. As Rolling Stone critic Cheo H. Coker noted, Mr. Smith did not always “deliver the haymaker punches of Mama Said Knock You Out, but it has enough force to prove that the king from Queens is no punk.” The sexually charged singles “Doin’ It” and “Hey Lover” scored among the album’s highlights. The year 1997 saw the release of LL Cool J’s Phenomenon, which was followed by a three-year break from the recording studio while the rapper focused on his film acting career. He appeared in the films Halloween: H20 (1998), Deep Blue Sea (1999), Any Given Sunday (1999), In Too Deep, (1999), and Charlie’s Angels (2000). Returning to the studio while continuing to act, LL Cool J released G.O.A.T. Featuring James T. Smith: The Greatest Hits of All Time (2000), which quickly climbed to the top of the music charts. LL Cool J returned to the silver screen in Kingdom Come (2001), Roller Ball (2002), and Deliver Us from Eva (2003). The latter earned the performer a 2004 BET Comedy Award. Continuing to juggle his careers in music and in film, he released 10 in 2002. A single from this album, “Luv U Better,” became one of the star rapper’s biggest hits. LL Cool J re-signed his contract with Def Jam in 2003,

continuing his relationship of more than two decades with the groundbreaking label. LL Cool J worked with hip-hop hit maker Timbaland on his 2004 release The DEFinition. The album’s first track, “Headsprung,” became a minor hit and earned LL Cool J a nomination for “Club Banger of the Year” from Vibe, while the album itself cracked the top five of the Billboard 200 and hip-hop charts. Acting also remained a significant force in the performer’s career. LL Cool J appeared in the 2004 film Mindhunters, costarred in the 2005 action flick Slow Burn, and acted in the 2005 straight-to-DVD release Action Force. LL Cool J also returned to television, guest-starring in an episode of the medical drama House. The End of the Def Jam Era The year 2006 opened with LL Cool J appearing in the film Last Holiday alongside fellow hip-hop legend Queen Latifah. In March the rapper co-hosted the annual BET fashion show Rip the Runway, at which he also showed his Todd Smith clothing line. Despite this busy schedule, LL Cool J found time to record his twelfth studio album, Todd Smith. Fronted by “Control Myself” featuring Jennifer Lopez, the album was packed with collaborations between the nearly 40year-old rapper and MCs of a generation that had grown up listening to him. The slow jam heavy disc received a mixed critical response, with critic Peter Relic of Rolling Stone wondering “whatever happened to the immortal MC who could carry an album by himself without needing a breath,” while Vibe’s Michael A. Gonzales attested that “this offering proves the G.O.A.T. is still swinging.” Faithful audiences, disregarding the critical jockeying, pushed Todd Smith to the upper reaches of the charts, proving LL Cool J’s continuing commercial appeal. Shortly after the release of Todd Smith, the rapper announced that his next outing with Def Jam would be his last, and that he had also signed a development deal with television network CBS. This deal led to a 2007 pilot for the crime show The Man. Although the show was not picked up for a full run, LL Cool J did take a turn on the silver screen later that year, appearing as rap impresario Ridikolus on an episode of the NBC comedy 30 Rock. The rapper soon returned to the studio to cut his final album for Def Jam, 2008’s aptly titled Exit 13. A strong effort in the vein of contemporary mainstream rap, Exit 13 showed LL Cool J actively asserting his long-running rhyme dominance and namechecking cultural aspects of the hip-hop culture he helped inspire. The following year, LL Cool J co-anchored the final date of the second Grammy Celebration Concert Tour, a cross-country collection of live performances by Grammy-nominated and awardwinning artists, in his native New York City. He also made guest appearances on the popular CBS crime drama NCIS, in a role intended to segue into a proposed prime-time spinoff series.

LL Cool J • 103

Never one to rest on his laurels, LL Cool J has continued to expand his career and musical style, and at the same time to remain a devoted father. As he told Vibe magazine, “I keep it all in perspective. At the end of the day, I’m not doin’ this just to see how many women I can get or how many gold chains I can wear. I’m doin’ this so my family can sleep comfortable at night. That’s why I break my neck where most people think I wouldn’t have to.”

Selected discography Radio, Def Jam, 1985. Bigger and Deffer, Def Jam, 1987. Walking With A Panther, Def Jam, 1989. Mama Said Knock You Out, Def Jam, 1990. 14 Shots To The Dome, Def Jam, 1993 Mr. Smith, Def Jam, 1995 Phenomenon, Def Jam, 1997 G.O.A.T. Featuring James T. Smith: The Greatest of All Time, Def Jam, 2000 10, Def Jam, 2002 The DEFinition, Def Jam, 2004 Todd Smith, Def Jam, 2006 Exit 13, Def Jam, 2008

Sources

Los Angeles Times, July 19, 1987, p. C58. New York Times, November 18, 1990, sec. 2, p.32. Rolling Stone, February 8, 1996, pp. 49-50. Vibe, March 1997.

Online “L.L. Cool and Gabrielle Union Host BET’s Rip the Runway,” Vibe, http://www.vibe.com (May 13, 2009). “L.L. Cool J,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (February 12, 2004; May 7, 2009). “L.L. Cool J,” Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb.com (May 7, 2009). “L.L. Cool J: Todd Smith,” Rolling Stone, http://www. rollingstone.com (May 13, 2009). “L.L. Cool J: Todd Smith,” Vibe, http://www.vibe.com (May 13, 2009). “L.L. Cool Lands Development Deal,” Vibe, http://www.vibe. com (May 13, 2009). “LMHOF 2nd Induction Class,” Long Island Music Hall of Fame, http://www.limusichalloffame.org (May 13, 2009). “NCIS: Cooler Toys at OSP, Less Chemistry,” Entertainment Weekly, http://www.ew.com (May 13, 2009). Recording Academy Grammy Awards, http://www.grammy. com (February 12, 2004). “Vibe Awards,” Vibe, http://www.vibe.com/awards/2004/ banger.html (May 13, 2009).

Periodicals Daily Variety, July 10, 2003, p. 18. Entertainment Close-Up, April 15, 2009.

104 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

—Shaun Frentner, Michael Belfiore and Vanessa Vaughn

D

ubbed “The Heartbreak Kid” in the headline for an April 1997 article by TV Guide contributor Dan DeLuca, country singer Patty Loveless has certainly earned her title. Her ability to belt out the sentimental lyrics of her songs is rooted in her life experiences. Although too familiar with tragedy and misery, the singer-songwriter’s hard-luck past has served her well. One of the country’s most consistent hitmakers during the 1990s, her albums continue to win critical acclaim. Loveless, named the Academy of Country Music’s female vocalist of the year for both 1996 and 1997, told DeLuca: “I think torch songs and heartache songs reach out to people and say, ‘Hey, this is life and we’ve got to live, learn from our mistakes, and continue.’ That’s what I try to put into the songs. That’s what I make music for.”

Patty Loveless

Loveless was born on January 4, 1957, in the Appalachian mining town of Pikeville, Kentucky. Her father, John Ramey, was a coal miner who ultimately died in 1979 of the black lung disease that plagues many in his occupation, and her mother, Naomi Ramey, was a homemaker who struggled to care for Loveless and her siblings. Loveless began singing at the age of five, primarily to entertain her parents, but by the age of 12 she was singing in her brother Roger’s band. Roger Ramey introduced his sister to country music stars Dolly Parton and Porter Wagoner in 1971, and Wagoner agreed to sign the 14-year-old Loveless to a contract. Shortly thereafter, the young singer began working with the Wilburn Brothers’ road show, replacing famous country singer Loretta Lynn, who, along with Lynn’s baby sister Crystal Gayle, was Loveless’s distant cousin.

Singer

Released Debut Album in 1985

AP Images

It was while working with the road show that Loveless met Wilburn Brothers’ drummer Terry Lovelace (pronounced “Love-less”). In 1976, despite the disapproval of her family and friends, she married Lovelace and moved to Kings Mountain, North Carolina. In an article by People contributor Steve Dougherty, Loveless said that her marriage at the age of 19 was, in part, a rebellion. “So many people had been making decisions for me for so long,” she asserted, “I just wanted to feel a sense of freedom.” Unfortunately, her marriage to Lovelace did not turn out as she had planned. Instead, she began abusing drugs and alcohol and singing cover versions of popular rock songs in Charlotte-area night clubs, in order to support the couple’s expensive addictions and to make ends meet. Loveless ultimately overcame her substance abuse, and in 1985 she and Lovelace separated. After changing the spelling of her name to Loveless, she returned to Nashville to rekindle her career as a country singer. With the help of brother Roger, Loveless recorded a demo tape and worked to sell it to record labels. While on her way to audition for executives at MCA Records,

Loveless • 105

For the Record . . .

B

orn Patty Lee Ramey on January 4, 1957, in

Favorite New Country Artist. Loveless became increasingly popular among country music fans; in 1990 she was awarded the Tennessee News Network (TNN) Music City News Country Award.

Pikeville, KY; daughter of John (a coal miner) and

Naomi Ramey; married Terry Lovelace (a drummer), 1976 (divorced c. 1987); married Emory Gordy, Jr. (a record producer), 1989. Country singer and songwriter, c. 1970– singer with brother Roger Ramey’s country music band, c. 197072; secured song publishing contract, c. 1972; worked

The praise continued for 1988’s If My Heart Had Windows and Honky Tonk Angel. Although critics lauded her 1990 album On Down the Line—People’s Ralph Novak declared that it represented “just plain quality country singing”—as well as 1991’s Up Against My Heart, neither of the albums managed to reach the level of commercial success Loveless had attained with her previous works.

as “girl singer” in Wilburn Brothers road show, c. 197276; singer in night clubs in and near Charlotte, NC, c. 1976-85; moved to Nashville, TN, recorded demo tape with help of Roger Ramey, c. 1985; recorded with MCA, 1985-92; recorded with Sony Music, 19922005; recorded for Time Life/Saguaro Road Records, 2008–. Awards: Inducted into the Grand Ole Opry, 1988; American Music Award, Favorite New Country Artist, 1989; TNN Music City News Country Award, Female Artist, 1990; Country Music Association Award, Album of the Year, for When Fallen Angels Fly, 1995; and Female Vocalist of the Year, 1996; Academy of Country Music Awards, Female Vocalist of the Year, 1996, 1997. Addresses: Record company—Time Life /Saguaro Rd. Records. Official Record company Web site: http:// www.saguaroroadrecords.com.

Management—Mike

Robertson Management, P.O. Box 120073, Nashville, TN 37212. Booking—Paradigm Agency, Bobby Cudd, phone: 615-251-4400. Web site—Patty Loveless Official Web site: http://www.pattyloveless.com.

she met Emory Gordy, Jr.—at the time an MCA producer—who would later become her husband. In 1985 Loveless signed with MCA and soon began to receive positive reviews from music critics and industry insiders who predicted that she would one day be a country music superstar. Her vocal ability was applauded by critics after the release of her debut album, Patty Loveless, in 1985. She and Terry Lovelace were divorced in 1987, and in 1988 Loveless was honored as an inductee of the Grand Ole Opry. Loveless’s first number one single came in 1989, with “Timber I’m Falling in Love”; that same year she and Gordy were married, and she took home an American Music Award for

106 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Won Multiple Awards Between 1990 and 1993 Loveless suffered a series of professional and private setbacks. In 1992, in an attempt to revitalize her career, Loveless left MCA Records. In addition, she fired her brother as her manager, a move which caused a rift in their previously close relationship. Before she was able to begin recording fresh material with her new label, Epic, and her new producer, Emory Gordy, Loveless encountered another personal obstacle. During the fall of 1992 she began experiencing hoarseness, and learned that she had developed an aneurysm on her vocal cords. The situation was grave. In order to repair the aneurysm, Loveless had to undergo risky laser surgery, which also had the potential to damage her voice permanently. The surgery was performed on October 21, 1992. After remaining completely silent during November of 1992 and recuperating throughout that December, Loveless decided to try out her newly-repaired vocal cords and began recording her sixth album in January of 1993. Only What I Feel was an immediate success when it was released in the spring of 1993, and as Dougherty wrote, “It was clear that Loveless’ luck had turned.” With the 1993 release of Only What I Feel, Loveless again joined the ranks of critically acclaimed and successful country music stars. Recorded after her encounter with laser surgery, the album was hailed by critics as irrefutable evidence that Loveless’s voice had come through her ordeal intact. Billboard’s Peter Cronin declared that on the album Loveless was “singing with more range, more control, more conviction than ever before, effectively combining powerful delivery with fragile emotion.” Entertainment Weekly contributor Alanna Nash noted the “restored power and character shadings of Loveless’ authentically rural voice,” and People’s Hal Espen called her “equal parts Linda Ronstadt and Pasty Cline,” referring to her ability to combine elements of traditional country and rock music. The album quickly produced a number one hit with “Blame It on Your Heart,” as well as the poignant single “How Do I Help You Say Goodbye.” “Blame It on Your Heart,” backed by the strength of the album on which it

appeared, earned Loveless three CMA Award nominations for song, album, and female vocalist of the year. Unfortunately, despite the promise with which 1993 had begun, Loveless was to suffer yet another personal challenge. In June of 1993 a tabloid article revealed that the singer had had an abortion in 1980. Previously, no one had known about the terminated pregnancy, and the singer was devastated to have her private misery made public. But in the aftermath of the story, Loveless was able to reconcile with her brother Roger, and she triumphed over her personal crises by producing emotionally powerful songs that touched the hearts of fans and music experts alike. Matraca Berg, a songwriter who had penned Loveless’s 1990 hit single “That Kind of Girl,” and would go on to write 1996’s “You Can Feel Bad,” later maintained in the DeLuca article that Loveless had “a lot of class and she’s no puppy. She’s lived, and she sings like she believes every word of it. And that’s a rare gift.” Loveless followed up with her 1994 album When Fallen Angels Fly, which garnered both critical and popular success, and the single “You Don’t Even Know Who I Am” earned Loveless Grammy Award nominations for best female country vocal performance and best country song. The music industry continued to bestow upon Loveless some of its highest honors, including making her the first woman ever to win a Country Music Association (CMA) Award for Best Album for Angels. At her commercial peak in 1996, Loveless was named Female Vocalist of the Year by both the CMA and the Academy of Country Music (ACM), and in 1997 she repeated as the ACM’s female vocalist and was nominated for the CMA’s award as well. “Things Will Work Out Anyway” People contributor Craig Tomashoff asserted that The Trouble with the Truth (1996) “builds a bridge” between country, rock, and pop music. The album became a critical and popular success, earning Loveless a 1997 Grammy Award nomination for best country album. Tomashoff called Loveless’s singing “warm and inviting,” and Nash asserted that Loveless “uses her backwoods soprano—as rural and unassuming as a mountain brook—to best effect.” Time critic Richard Corliss contended: “The way Loveless sings it, the truth ain’t pretty, but it sounds as golden as the Gospel.” According to critics, Loveless’s 1997 effort, Long Stretch of Lonesome, justified the high expectations that followed the singer’s previous efforts. Jeremy Helligar, writing in Entertainment Weekly, observed that “Loveless’ Appalachian blues sound torchy with hardly a hint of twang,” and Tomashoff lauded the singer’s “silky voice,” concluding that “Loveless’ words may tell you how tough life can be, but her voice lets you know that things will work out anyway.” Interviewed by DeLuca while working on her ninth album, Loveless un-

derlined her commitment to singing: “I like to keep focused on the work. I’m just looking for songs that stir emotions in me. Because if it moves me, then somebody else is going to be stirred in the same way.” Despite compiling remarkably consistent work, Loveless stopped hitting the Country Top Ten with her single releases after 1996. The genre began embracing sounds that were as much pop and rock as southernfried country, and the Kentucky native’s commercial clout ebbed away. Yet Epic’s support remained constant, even when Loveless abandoned mainstream country for the more traditional bluegrass genre. Inspired by the mega-selling O Brother, Where Art Thou soundtrack, Loveless crafted Mountain Soul, a masterwork of acoustic sounds that showed off her voice to great effect. She stayed in an acoustic setting for 2002’s Bluegrass and White Snow: A Mountain Christmas, and on her 2003 release On Your Way Home. Although mainstream country radio had turned its back on traditional sounds, Loveless posted impressive sales on the country and pop charts. Loveless’s last stand with Sony/Epic came with the 2005 album Dreamin’ My Dreams. An ambitious collection of tunes, the disc tackled rockabilly, rock and roll, country, bluegrass, and Americana with great skill. “The whole record was supposed to feel like you were ѧ at a concert,” she told Jeffery B. Remz at Country Standard Time. Although Dreamin’ My Dreams eventually became a top ten country album, no major singles resulted and Sony/Epic did not renew her contract. Still playing live dates and making occasional television appearances, Loveless resurfaced on the Time-Life / Saguaro Road label in 2008 with Sleepless Nights. Covering such country standards as George Jones’s “Why Baby Why,” Webb Pierce’s “There Stands the Glass,” and Hank Williams’s “Cold Cold Heart,” Loveless proved that even in middle age she was a potent interpreter of American roots music. “Loveless is a singer with staying power even if she does not churn out the radio hits like she used to,” reviewed Country Standard Time. “What these 14 songs ably demonstrate is that Loveless fortunately stays true to her roots.”

Selected discography Patty Loveless, MCA, 1985; reissued, 1989. If My Heart Had Windows, MCA, 1988. Honky Tonk Angel, MCA, 1988. On Down the Line, Universal Special priducts, 1990. Up Against My Heart, MCA, 1991. Greatest Hits, MCA, 1993. Only What I Feel, Epic, 1993. When Fallen Angels Fly, Epic, 1994. The Trouble with the Truth, Epic, 1996.

Loveless • 107

Patty Loveless Sings Songs of Love, MCA, 1996. (With others)Tin Cup (soundtrack), Epic, 1996. Long Stretch of Lonesome, Epic, 1997. Strong Heart, Epic, 2000. Mountain Soul, Epic, 2002. On Your Way Home, Epic, 2003. Dreamin’ My Dreams, Epic, 2005. 16 Biggest Hits, Epic / Legacy, 2007. Sleepless Nights, Time Life / Saguaro Road, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, April 17, 1993, p. 7; April 16, 1994, p. 38; August 13, 1994, p. 1. Entertainment Weekly, April 23, 1993, p. 56; August 26, 1994.

108 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

People, June 25, 1990, p. 23; May 3, 1993, p. 25; August 9, 1993, p. 85; September 5, 1994, p. 28; February 12, 1996, p. 27; November 3, 1997, p. 25. Time, March 11, 1996, p. 71. TV Guide, April 19, 1997, p. 42.

Online “Patty Loveless,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 28, 2009). “Patty Loveless,” Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb. com/name/nm0522529/, (April 28, 2009). “Patty Loveless Dreams On,” Country Standard Time, http:// www.countrystandardtime.com/d/print/article.asp?xid=575 (May 1, 2009). Patty Loveless Official Web site, http://www.pattyloveless. com, (April 15, 2009). —Lynn M. Spampinato and Ken Burke

A

prominent figure in the trad jazz movement in post-World War II England, British jazz bandleader and trumpet player Humphrey Lyttelton remained at the forefront of British jazz for over six decades. Even after his death in April of 2008, his band, Humphrey Lyttelton and His Band, has continued to draw audiences. Regarded as the “grand old man of British jazz,” Lyttelton is also recognized as an important radio personality for his BBC program The Best of Jazz, which began in 1967, and for his role as Chairman Humph on BBC’s long-running panel show I’m Sorry I Haven’t a Clue, which he began hosting in 1972. The multitalented Lyttelton is also known as a writer and for his work as a cartoonist for the London Daily Mail.

Humphrey Lyttelton

Lyttelton was born on May 23, 1921, in Eaton, England. His father was a housemaster at the prestigious Eaton College, and Lyttelton is descended from a blueblooded family whose ancestors include his namesake, who was executed for his part in the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, and a long list of other British nobles. Lyttelton was the first in the family line to pursue music. He attended the elite Sunningdale Preparatory School as a boy, and later matriculated at Eaton College, where he first began playing trumpet at age 15. While at Eaton, Lyttelton, who was self-taught, formed a jazz quartet. Early musical influences included legendary jazz great Louis Armstrong, whom Lyttelton would one day play alongside.

Bandleader, trumpet player

Formed New Orleans-style Jazz Band

Daniel Valla FRPS / Alamy

During World War II, Lyttelton joined the Grenadier Guards and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1941. When he was on leave in London, true to his unorthodox style, this Guards officer sat in with bands at nightclubs. After the war, Lyttelton attended Camberwell Art School in London for two years, where he met Wally “Trog” Fawkes, a jazz clarinetist and cartoonist who later became famous for his long-running cartoon strip Flook. In 1947 Lyttelton and Fawkes joined the George Webb Dixielanders, a New Orleansstyle jazz band that sparked an interest in 1920s traditional jazz in England. The following year Lyttelton left the Dixielanders to form Humphrey Lyttelton and His Band, with Fawkes on clarinet and later Webb on piano. Additions to this early incarnation of his band included Keith Christie on trombone and his brother Ian Christie on clarinet. In 1949 Lyttelton also began working as a cartoonist under the name “Humph” for the Daily Mail, drawing his own cartoons and collaborating with Fawkes to write the storylines for Flook until 1956. Lyttelton and his band flourished in the late 1940s, recording on Lyttelton’s London Jazz Label, as well as recording with American jazz great Sidney Bechet. In 1949 Lyttelton signed with EMI and began laying numerous tracks for the Parlophone Super Rhythm Style series, including Lyttelton’s composition “Bad Penny Blues,” which, in 1956, became Britain’s first jazz re-

Lyttelton • 109

For the Record . . .

B

orn on May 23, 1921, in Eaton, England; died

following surgery for an aortic aneurysm on April

25, 2008, in London, England; son of George William Lyttelton (housemaster at Eaton College) and Pamela Lyttelton (an amateur musician); married Patricia Mary

of the first to record albums that combined jazz with Afro-Cuban music. By the late 1950s Lyttelton had moved away from the trad jazz movement and, much to the chagrin of his trad jazz fans, added a saxophone player, Bruce Turner, to the traditional trumpet-clarinettrombone format to produce a swing era big band sound. The addition of the saxophone so rankled jazz purists that Turner’s presence once was greeted with a banner that proclaimed, “Go home, dirty bopper!”

Braithwaite, 1948; marriage dissolved, 1952; married Elizabeth

Jill

Richardson,

1952;

children:

(with

Braithwaite) one daughter, (with Richardson) two sons and one daughter. Education: Attended Sunningdale Preparatory School and Eaton College; attended Camberwell Art School, 1947–48. Joined George Webb’s Dixielanders band, 1947; founded his own band, Humphrey Lyttelton and His Band, 1948; signed with EMI, 1949; recorded “Bad Penny Blues,” first British jazz record to hit top 20, 1956; band opened for Louis Armstrong in London, 1956; hosted BBC Radio 2 show The Best of Jazz, 1967–2008; toured United States, Europe, Australia, 1960s–2000s; served as chairman of irreverent radio panel game I’m Sorry I Haven’t A Clue on BBC Radio 4, 1972–2008; founded record label Calligraph Records, 1983; released numerous albums featuring Humphrey Lyttelton and His Band with singer Helen Shapiro, 1990s; played on Radiohead’s album Amnesiac for track “Life in a Glass House,” 2001; toured with British singer Elkie Brooks, early 2000s; released CD Trouble in Mind with Brooks, 2003. Awards: Sony Radio Awards, Gold Award, 1993; Institute of Entertainment and Arts Management, Waterford Crystal Award, 1996; Post Office British Jazz Awards, Lifetime Achievement Award, 2000; BBC Jazz Awards, Lifetime Achievement Award, 2001; BBC Jazz Awards, Radio 2 Jazz Artist of the Year Award, 2008.

cording to the reach the Top 20. That same year, Lyttelton’s idol, Armstrong, played a series of concerts in London and chose Lyttelton and his band to open the shows. Not one to remain comfortable in any single style, Lyttelton experimented with different sounds. He was an early practitioner of multitrack recording when he played trumpet, clarinet, piano, and washboard on the 1951 track “One Man Went to Blow.” He also was one

110 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Pursued Long-Lived Non-Stop Career Lyttelton released the aptly titled I Play As I Please in 1957, an album that included a wide range of tracks that highlighted Lyttelton’s penchant for expanding and contracting the size of his band as he saw fit. Reviewing a 2003 re-release of I Play As I Please for All Music Guide, Dave Thompson noted that three different versions of his band—a twelve-piece, nine-piece, and seven-piece—appear on the album, and he commented, “It’s a heady blend that had traditionalists wringing their hands in despair when the album first appeared, but time (and, of course, the eventual acceptance of many of the ideas Lyttelton first posited) readily vindicates the albums’ audacity.” Lyttelton toured the United States with an eight-piece band in 1959 to great acclaim, and the following year he introduced American jazz/blues singer Jimmy Rushing, who sang with the Count Basie band from 1935 to 1950, and brought American trumpet player Buck Clayton to the forefront; both became headliners who collaborated with Lyttelton throughout the 1960s. Lyttelton never slowed down at any point in his career. In 1983 he formed his own label, Calligraph Records, recording new works by his band as well as other artists, and during the 1990s he also re-released many of his earlier albums. He collaborated and toured with numerous musicians, including Helen Shapiro, Acker Bilk, and George Melly, among many others. Indeed, even as the new millennium approached he continued to tour, notably with British singer Elkie Brooks, with whom he played to sold-out venues in 2000 and later recorded the well-received album Trouble in Mind in 2003. Perhaps his most unexpected collaboration occurred when he worked with British alternative band Radiohead to provide brass backing to the single “Life in a Glasshouse” on the 2001 CD Amnesiac. Lyttelton described this collaboration to Alun Prichard of Liverpool’s Daily Post: “They said they had this idea of some kind of jazz thing they wanted to do but were stuck. ѧ I said, not entirely joking, that the feel that I got from their number was a kind of New Orleans funeral parade feeling.” He continued, “So we played in the studio for about seven hours, and I think we worked from a point of neither party knowing what the other one wanted or was going to do, but we just sort of came together on this track, which was fascinating.” Lyttelton later performed with Radiohead at the South Park concert in Oxford in front of 42,000 fans.

Britain’s Ambassador of Jazz Lyttelton toured extensively and was devoted to furthering the jazz scene in England. In the late 1960s he began playing monthly gigs at the Bull’s Head, a pub in south-west London, a practice he maintained right up to two weeks before his death in 2008. His devotion to jazz in his home country earned him a designation as Britain’s ambassador of jazz. Lyttelton placed his music foremost among his interests, yet he was recognized as a significant radio personality, a venture he began in 1967 when he aired The Best of Jazz, the first of his weekly BBC Radio 2 broadcasts that ran until March of 2008. Lyttelton’s easygoing radio voice and his wry humor gained him a large audience. He played a wide range of jazz on his show and never focused on any one style or era. The Best of Jazz became an important venue where aspiring British jazz musicians found airplay. In a tribute to Lyttelton for BBC News, British trumpeter Digby Fairweather commented, “I think people in a sense looked to Humphrey Lyttelton as their principal spokesman, role model and the man that people regarded as the voice of jazz in Britain.” While he is well known for hosting The Best of Jazz he earned wider recognition for playing the deadpan Chairman Humph on the spoof panel game I’m Sorry I Haven’t a Clue. From 1972 until he entered the hospital just prior to his death, Lyttelton delighted audiences with his wit, impeccable comic timing, and delivery of risqué double entendres. Lyttelton earned many accolades, including the prestigious Sony Radio Gold Award in 1993 and Lifetime Achievement Awards from both the Post Office British Jazz Awards in 2000 and the BBC Jazz Awards in 2001. In 2008 he was posthumously accorded the Radio 2 Jazz Artist of the Year Award. One honor he chose not to receive came in 1995 when he declined knighthood. Remembered for his charm and exuberant devotion to his art, Lyttelton leaves a lasting legacy for his contributions to jazz.

It Seems Like Yesterday, Calligraph, 1983. Humph at the Bull’s Head, Calligraph, 1984. Scatterbrains, Stomp Off, 1984. This Old Gang of Ours, Calligraph, 1985. Gonna Call My Children Home, Calligraph, 1986. Gigs, Calligraph, 1987. Beano Boogie, Calligraph, 1989. Rock Me Gently, Calligraph, 1991. Rent Party, Stomp Off, 1991. Hear Me Talkin’ to Ya, Calligraph, 1993. More Humph & Acker: Three in the Morning, Calligraph, 1994. Lay ‘em Straight!, Calligraph, 1997. Between Friends, Calligraph, 2000. The Humphrey Lyttelton Big Band/Jimmy Rushing (Live), Upbeat Jazz, 2001. Georgia Mae, Past Perfect, 2002. Sweet September, Calligraph, 2002. Halleluja Hoedown!, Calligraph, 2003. (With Elkie Brooks) Trouble in Mind, Classic Pictures, 2003. Sad, Sweet Songs & Crazy Rhythms, Calligraph, 2005. Cornucopia, Calligraph, 2006. Cornucopia 2, Calligraph, 2007. Cornucopia 3, Calligraph, 2009.

Selected writings I Play as I Please: The Memoirs of an Old Etonian Trumpeter (self-illustrated), MacGibbon & Kee, 1954. Second Chorus (self-illustrated), MacGibbon & Kee, 1958. Take It from the Top: An Autobiographical Scrapbook (selfillustrated), Robson Books, 1975. Basin Street to Harlem: Jazz Masters and Masterpieces, 1917–1930, Taplinger, 1979. Humphrey Lyttelton’s Jazz and Big Band Quiz, Batsford, 1979. Enter the Giants, 1931–1944, Taplinger, 1982. Why No Beethoven?, Robson, 1984. The Best of Jazz, Robson, 2000. It Just Occurred to Me ѧ The Reminiscences & Thoughts of Chairman Humph, Robson, 2006.

Sources

Selected discography

Periodicals

A Tribute to Humph, Vol. 1, Dormouse, 1949. A Tribute to Humph, Vol. 2, Dormouse, 1950. A Tribute to Humph, Vol. 3, Dormouse, 1951. Jazz at the Royal Festival Hall/Jazz at the Conway Hall, Dormouse, 1951. A Tribute to Humph, Vol. 4, Dormouse, 1952. A Tribute to Humph, Vol. 5, Dormouse, 1952. A Tribute to Humph, Vol. 6, Dormouse, 1953. A Tribute to Humph, Vol. 7, Dormouse, 1955. A Tribute to Humph, Vol. 8, Dormouse, 1955. Some Like It Hot, Angel, 1955. I Play As I Please, Lake, 1957. Back to the Sixties, Philips, 1960. Echoes of Harlem, Black Lion, 1981. Movin’ and Groovin’, Black Lion, 1983. Humphrey Lyttelton in Canada, Sackville, 1983.

Daily Mail (London, England), April 26, 2008. Daily Post (Liverpool, England), September 26, 2003, p. 8. Guardian (London, England), April 26, 2008. Independent (London, England), March 3, 2007, p. 1. New York Times, April 28, 2008. Observer (London, England), April 27, 2008, p. 19. Telegraph (London, England), September 9, 2008. Times (London, England), December 22, 1994; December 15, 2006, p. 22; March 27, 2007, p. 14.

Online “Humphrey Lyttelton,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (April 11, 2009). “Humphrey Lyttelton,” BBC, http://www.bbc.co.uk (April 11, 2009).

Lyttelton • 111

“Humphrey Lyttelton,” Calligraph Records Official Web site, http://www.calligraph-records.co.uk/ (April 11, 2009). “Humphrey Lyttelton,” International Trumpet Guild, http:// www.trumpetguild.org/news/08/0848hlobit.html (April 11, 2008). Humphrey Lyttelton Official Web site, http://www.humphrey lyttelton.com/ (April 11, 2009). —Elizabeth P. Henry

112 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

K

nown for her breathy vocals and for her seven-year stint as a radio host, San Diego-based singersongwriter Anya Marina has had a diverse career, as a disc jockey and as a comic. She has released three albums.

Marina was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan, but later moved to Silicon Valley in California to pursue an acting career. She appeared in the film 100 Girls then returned to school and earned a degree in English from Santa Clara University.

Anya Marina

No one expected Marina to have a career that involved either speaking or singing, because she had an unusually breathy, childlike voice. When she was a child, her teacher complained to her parents about her voice, and her father told her she should not consider speaking or singing professionally because her voice was “a nuisance to others,” according to an article by Lauren English in Method Shop. Her voice was the product of her unusual anatomy; a doctor once told her that she had the larynx of a very young adolescent, and told her a singing career was not in her future. Marina told an interviewer from Filter that fortunately she had other people in her life who counteracted that kind of prognosis: “Those sort of risk-taking, benevolent people that you meet in life. They are few and far between—for me, there were like three, four or five—but one of them hired me at my first college radio show.”

Singer, disc jockey

When someone first told her she should do a radio show at her school, she was surprised, thinking that because of her voice it was the last thing she would undertake. But, encouraged, she tried it, and enjoyed the experience. After graduating from college, she began working as a radio disc jockey in San Diego. Fed by the diverse local music scene, she began performing her own songs at open mic nights. Audiences loved her version of “Someday My Prince Will Come,” which included an impression of her mother’s heavy Russian accent.

© Sayre Berman/Corbis

In 2005 Marina released the album Miss Halfway, and it earned a San Diego Music Award for Best Local Recording, along with the interest of Alexandra Patsavas. Patsavas was the music supervisor for several television shows, including Grey’s Anatomy, The O.C., and Gossip Girl. Patsavas featured Marina’s songs on Grey’s Anatomy and signed her to the Chop Shop Records label. In an interview in Room Thirteen, Marina said that the use of her songs on television shows was good for her career. She told the interviewer that the way the songs were used was “really cool and artistic, and has really enhanced the listening experience.” She noted that people who have heard the songs during a show will often look for them online and then find more of her

Marina • 113

pen to paper is kind of like a diuretic. If I didn’t get them out, they would probably make my mind feel very bloated. And no girl likes to be bloated.” And in an interview in the North Country Times, she told Stephen Rubin that when she writes, she is never sure she’s not unconsciously repeating pieces of other songs she’s heard. She commented, “Even when I’m done with a song I always have an inkling that I’ve just cut and pasted 3000 of my favorite songs and melodies together. I’m still waiting to get sued.”

For the Record . . .

B

orn Anya Marina in Ann Arbor, MI. Education:

Santa Clara University, bachelor’s degree in

English. Worked as radio DJ in San Diego, California; released Exercises in Racketeering, 2004; released Miss Halfway, 2006; released Slow and Steady Seduction, Phase II, 2009.

Selected discography Awards: San Diego Music Award for Best Local RecordExercises in Racketeering (EP), Virgin, 2004. Miss Halfway, Good Rope Records, 2005. Slow and Steady Seduction, Phase II, Chop Shop Records, 2009.

ing, 2005. Addresses: Record company—Chop Shop Records, 812 Fremont Ave., Ⲇ203, South Pasadena, CA 91030.

Sources music, and commented, “It’s a really excellent way make a living, in this day and age as a musician, have your songs licensed.” She also told English, has certainly gotten my name out there to a lot people I couldn’t have reached on my own.”

to to “It of

Online

Slow and Steady Seduction: Phase II was a collection of pop and rock and roll tunes melded with sly, humorous lyrics and lightfooted melodies. The lyrics tell the story of a relationship Marina had; she noted on her MySpace page, “It’s about how you pick yourself up and dust yourself off after a breakup, and realize how fun it is to be on your own again—that all the negative stuff happened for a reason.” She also wrote on her page that she wanted this album to be “a more accurate representation of who I am as an artist. I wanted it to sound like something that I’d want to buy, and that meant making it something you could tap your toes to.” After recording the album, she quit her disc jockey job in San Diego and moved into a new apartment in Los Angeles.

“Anya Marina,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv.com/music/artist/ marina__anya/artist.jhtmlⲆbio (April 8, 2009). “Anya Marina Interview,” Room Thirteen, August 13, 2008, http://www.roomthirteen.com/cgi-bin/feature_view. cgi?FeatureID=631 (April 8, 2009). “Anya Marina, ‘Move You’ MP3,” Filter, October 9, 2008, http://www.filter-mag.com/index.php?c=6&id=17626 (April 8, 2009). Anya Marina’s MySpace Page, http://www.myspace.com/ anyamarina (April 9, 2009). English, Lauren, “Anya Marina Interview,” Method Shop, August 12, 2007, http://www.methodshop.com/music/inter views/anyamarina/index.shtml (April 8, 2009). Frehsee, Nicole, “Anya Marina: Slow and Steady Seduction: Phase II,” Rolling Stone, December 11, 2008, http://www. rollingstone.com/reviews/album/24458346/reviews/ 24602928/slow_stead_seduction_phase_II (April 8, 2009). Rubin, Stephen, “Anya Marina’s Got Two Gigs and a Microphone,” North Country Times, June 2, 2004, http://www. nctimes.com/articles/2004/06/02/entertainment/music/6_ 2_0411_35_24.txt (April 8, 2009).

On her MySpace page, Marina explained why she wrote songs: “I get weird songs in my head, and putting

—Kelly Winters

114 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

T

Mates of State Indie pop group

he husband-and-wife team of indie pop group Mates of State has slowly developed a broad audience thanks to years of writing, recording, and performing their poppy, harmonic tunes. After forming in 1997 and releasing a handful of EPs, the duo put out their first full-length album, My Solo Project, in 2000. In the decade that followed, Mates of State offered four more albums, a smattering of EPs, and countless live shows alongside fellow indie rockers. The duo also appeared as the house band on the winter 2007 live tour of the popular National Public Radio program This American Life. Their fifth studio effort, Re-Arrange Us (2008) proved to be the duo’s most successful to date, cracking the Billboard Top 200 and peaking at number eleven on that organization’s Independent Albums chart. Mates of State keyboardist and singer Kori Gardner and drummer and vocalist Jason Hammel first began playing music together while attending college in Lawrence, Kansas, as part of a more traditional indie rock quartet. The duo broke off to form the poppier Mates of State in 1997, and the following year decided to try their luck in San Francisco. There they found day jobs to support themselves while playing music in their off-hours. California audiences were attracted to the

Tim Mosenfelder/Getty Images

Mates of State • 115

For the Record . . .

M

embers include husband-and-wife team Kori

Gardner (keyboards, vocals), and Jason Ham-

mel (drums, vocals); married 2001, two daughters. Formed in Lawrence, Kansas, 1997; relocated to San Francisco and released first EP, 1999; released first album, My Solo Project, on Omnibus, 2000; signed to Polyvinyl Records, released Our Constant Concern, 2001; Team Boo, 2003; moved to Barsuk Records, released Bring it Back, 2006; toured as the house band with radio program This American Life, 2007; released

cern, in August of 2001. However, this outing received critical notices that were somewhat more mixed than had the duo’s highly-respected debut. Rob Mitchum mused in Pitchfork Media, “It’s actually really hard to put a finger on what isn’t clicking this time out for the Mates, as one would think a two-person band couldn’t adjust their sound too dramatically,” while All Music Guide’s MacKenzie Wilson contended that the album showcased “indie love songs that breathe a life of their own.” Those indie love songs returned in 2003 with the release of Team Boo. Like Mates of State’s earlier releases, Team Boo featured chirpy melodies tied together by the couple’s vocal mingling and occasionally raucous music making. One year after the release of the album, Gardner and Hammel welcomed their first daughter, Magnolia, and moved from San Francisco to the East Coast to be closer to Gardner’s family.

Re-Arrange Us, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Barsuk Records, P.O. Box 22546, Seattle WA 98122, Web site: http://www. barsuk.com. Web site—Mates of State Official Web site: http://www.matesofstate.com.

band’s simple, melodious sounds, and Omnibus Records soon released Mates of State’s debut EP alongside tracks from Fighter D, another California band with a similar sensibility. A follow-up seven-inch single, “It’s the Law/Invitation Inn” was described by All Music Guide’s Mike DaRonco as “pure pop perfection.” The duo continued to build a West Coast fan base by playing regional tours on the strength of their first two releases. Hammel later reminisced to Tammy La Gorce of the New York Times, “We’d finish work Friday and then be headed to Seattle or Utah. I was having to finagle leaves of absences.” These brief jaunts helped create an eager audience for Mates of State’s full-length debut, My Solo Project, released by Omnibus in 2000. Filled with the duo’s trademark male-female vocal harmonies, somewhat kitschy organ playing, and catchy pop hooks, the album gained Mates of State an indie rock following outside of their adopted hometown. In identifying My Solo Project as one of the most “undeserved obscure” albums of the year, Neil Strauss of the New York Times hailed Mates of State’s “indie pop songs that ooze with a love that is, like the music, fragile and imperfect but all the more powerful because of it.” The pair quit their day jobs and devoted much of the following year to touring in support of such acts as the Anniversary Party and Beulah, taking time out to cement their relationship by marrying at Gardner’s family home in Connecticut. The success of My Solo Project and its subsequent tours led to a contract with Polyvinyl Records, which released the duo’s second album, Our Constant Con-

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The 2006 release of Bring it Back saw Mates of State trading in their label Polyvinyl for indie Barsuk. Speaking to Rebecca Weiss of the Cornell Daily Sun, Hammel explained their decision to switch: “We still love Polyvinyl, but we just wanted a newer direction. ѧ We’d been friends with the Barsuk people forever. ѧ They just had really good ideas and we got fresh ideas.” However, this label change did not dampen the pair’s organ-based pop tunes, still infused with the duo’s trademark buoyancy. Sam Ubl of Pitchfork Media professed that Mates of State were “one of the few pop bands who can pull off love ballad earnestness without being unintentionally funny.” Bring it Back also marked Mates of State’s first appearance on the Billboard Top Independent Albums chart, peaking at number 35. The duo closed out 2006 with a pair of New Year’s Eve shows at New York City’s Knitting Factory. As longtime fans of the National Public Radio program This American Life and as personal friends of the show’s host, Ira Glass, Mates of State were delighted to become the house band for the program’s tour and live tapings in 2007. Playing between pieces read by contributors to the program, the band reached a previously untapped audience—not only in person at the four nationwide venues, but also through the broadcasting reach of the popular radio show. That same year, Gardner gave birth to the couple’s second daughter, June. In 2008 Mates of State released their fifth studio album, Re-Arrange Us, on Barsuk. A more mature Hammel and Gardner, noticeably influenced by their move to suburbia and rapidly growing family, offered songs about domestic life. Featuring a wide array of instrumentation new to the band’s style, Re-Arrange Us was packed with what Spencer Kornhaber of Spin called “fuller, more elegant vessels for the duo’s warm, intricate melodies.” The release of the album marked an increase in the band’s public profile, as their familymeets-rock lifestyle and perennially infectious melodies began to earn them appearances on major television shows such as Good Morning America and Late

Night with Conan O’Brien. A remix album, ReArranged: Remixed, Vol. 1, hit the streets in April of 2009.

Sources

Accompanied by their two daughters and a nanny, the duo has continued to take their music on the road. Hammel commented on their dual life as rockers and parents to Sarah Rodman of the Boston Globe: “In the press they pit those two things against each other. ѧ It’s hard to reconcile, and I think the jury’s still out whether we’re square or crazy or both.”

Boston Globe, April 3, 2009. Cornell Daily Sun, February 15, 2007. New York Times, December 28, 2000; December 29, 2006; July 20, 2008.

Selected discography “It’s the Law/Invitation Inn” (7 inch single), Omnibus, 2000. My Solo Project, Omnibus, 2000. Our Constant Concern, Polyvinyl, 2001. Team Boo, Polyvinyl, 2003. Bring it Back, Barsuk, 2006. Re-Arrange Us, Barsuk, 2008. Re-Arranged: Remixed, Vol. 1, Barsuk, 2009.

Periodicals

Online “It’s the Law,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (May 12, 2009). “Mates of State,” Mates of State Official Web site, http://www. matesofstate.com (May 12, 2009). “Mates of State: Bring It Back,” Pitchfork Media, March 22, 2006, http://www.pitchfork.com (May 12, 2009). “Mates of State, Re-Arrange Us” Spin Magazine Online, http://www.spin.com (May 12, 2009). “Our Constant Concern,” All Music Guide, http://www. allmusic.com (May 12, 2009). “Our Constant Concern,” Pitchfork Media, January 29, 2002, http://www.pitchfork.com (May 12, 2009). —Vanessa Vaughn

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S

inger, songwriter and guitar-master John Mayer came to the fore in 2001, fueled by the popularity of his major label debut, Room for Squares, which sold four million copies and earned him a Grammy Award. Literate and thoughtful, Mayer was lauded for his sensitive lyrics, astute guitar playing, and melodically rich songs that melded jazz, pop and blues. He followed with 2003’s acoustic-pop masterpiece Heavier Things, which included the Grammy-winner “Daughters” and established Mayer as the reigning prince of pop, with a female-heavy fan base. Instead of sticking with his tried-and-true formula, Mayer switched directions in 2005, shunning his pensive pop tunes in favor of playing the blues. That year he established the John Mayer Trio and released a disc of live blues-injected rock tunes. Initially, Mayer’s record company was not pleased with his decision. “Losing [fans] had to be a question,” Mayer told Jim Farber of New York’s Daily News, though Mayer suggested that doing the same thing over and over does not guarantee infinite success for any artist. “These days you lose more [fans] by standing still than by moving forward.” In 2006 Mayer released Continuum, an amalgamation of his pop and blues influences. The disc, which showcased his easyon-the-ears baritone voice and his groove-thrashing guitar playing, included the Grammy-winner “Waiting on the World to Change.”

John Mayer Guitarist, songwriter

Took Up Guitar as Teen

© WWD/Condé Nast/Corbis

Mayer was born on October 16, 1977, to Margaret, a school teacher, and Richard Mayer, a school principal. He grew up as the middle child between two brothers in Fairfield, Connecticut. According to Jenny Eliscu in RollingStone.com, his mother described him as “a peaceable kid.” While he was growing up, Mayer wanted to be a radio announcer. “Maybe it was the booming baritone or the glib delivery,” he told Eliscu. He practiced announcing his own radio station, WJOHN, in the bathroom, and recorded radio shows in his bedroom. His aspirations changed when he started playing guitar at age 13. He learned to play mostly by himself, listening and playing along to CDs. He drew attention as a teen by emulating the blues guitar licks of his hero, Stevie Ray Vaughn.

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Mayer’s guitar playing got in the way of his schoolwork and he was constantly at odds with his parents, who wanted to know what their son was planning to do if he did not become a world-famous musician. “Just watch, just watch,” he recalled saying to his mother, according to Eliscu. He graduated from high school and earned a partial scholarship to the prestigious Berklee College of Music, which he attended for a year. In 1999 he moved to Atlanta, Georgia, where he worked at a gas station to support himself. He played guitar and sang in coffeehouses during time off from work, and released his acoustic independent debut, Inside Wants Out, during that year. In Atlanta, Mayer found an audience in coffeehouses and clubs, and began to draw the attention

For the Record . . .

B

orn on October 16, 1977, in Bridgeport, CT; son

of Margaret (a school teacher) and Richard (a

school principal) Mayer. Education: Attended Berklee

able to sign with the label soon after. Columbia took over his contract before his first release. By the fall of 2000 he was in the recording studio with producer John Alagia, who had worked with Dave Matthews and Ben Folds Five. In contrast to Inside Wants Out, Mayer’s major label debut, Room for Squares, was backed by a full electric band.

College of Music, 1997. Began playing guitar, 1990; released Inside Wants Out, 1999; signed with Aware Records, released major label debut Room For Squares, 2001; monthly guest columnist, Esquire, 2004–; formed John Mayer Trio, a blues group, 2005. Awards: Orville H. Gibson Guitar Awards, Les Paul Horizon Award, for Most Promising Up and Coming Guitarist, 2002; Grammy Award, Best Male Pop Vocal Performance, for “Your Body is a Wonderland,” 2003; Danish Music Awards, Best New Artist, 2003; Radio Music Awards, Modern Adult Contemporary Radio Artist of the Year, 2003; American Music Awards, Favorite

Earned Reputation as Smooth Pop-Rocker Released in 2001, Room for Squares simmered for a while before it began to pick up speed. But by the spring of 2002, the album was climbing the Billboard charts in leaps and bounds. Radio stations across America were playing his first single, “No Such Thing,” in heavy rotation, as they did with his next two, “Your Body Is a Wonderland” and “Why Georgia.” Rolling Stone magazine named him one of Ten Artists to Watch, he was featured on television and in major magazines, and many of his 2002 concerts were sold out. When Mayer was struggling at Berklee in 1997, his father had sent him a check for $250 with a note that read, “Remember me when you go platinum.” In 2002 Mayer gave his first platinum record plaque to his father, with the note mounted inside the frame.

Male Pop/Rock Artist, 2003; Grammy Award, Song of the Year (songwriter), for “Daughters,” Best Male Pop Vocal Performance, for “Daughters,” 2005; People’s Choice Awards, Favorite Male Artist, 2005; American Music Awards, Favorite Adult Contemporary Artist, 2005; Time magazine, named one of world’s most influential people, 2007; Grammy Award, Best Male Pop Vocal Performance, for “Waiting on the World to Change,” Best Pop Vocal Album for Continuum, 2007; Grammy Award, Best Male Pop Vocal Performance, for “Say,” Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance, for “Gravity,” 2009. Addresses: Management—Creative Artists Agency, c/o Scott Clayton, 3310 West End Ave., 5th Fl., Nashville, TN 37203. Record company—Columbia Records, 555 Madison Ave., 10th Fl., New York, NY 10022-3211. Web site—John Mayer Official Web site: http://www. johnmayer.com.

of major record labels. He later moved to New York City. Mayer found a major label record deal at the South by Southwest Music Festival in Austin, Texas, in 2000. A representative of Aware Records, a Chicago-based imprint of Columbia, saw him perform, and Mayer was

Early on, Mayer’s lyrical and vocal styles earned him comparisons to Dave Matthews, David Gray, and Steely Dan, but the young musician still counts Vaughn as his biggest influence, along with Jimi Hendrix, Buddy Guy, and Robert Cray. Mayer appeared to take his guitar playing more seriously than he did his stardom. “At a time when countless musicians wish they were pop stars,” critic Jon Pareles wrote in the New York Times, “Mr. Mayer is a pop star aspiring to be a musician.” “I want to run through the walls of my high school, I want to scream at the top of my lungs,” Mayer croons in the opening refrains of “No Such Thing.” In the song he looks forward to his ten-year high school reunion, and postulates that there’s no “real world” to be afraid of or look forward to. In Mayer’s follow-up single, “Your Body is a Wonderland,” he describes the joys of making out. The song earned him a Grammy Award in 2002 for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance. Mayer’s style appealed especially to female fans. “In Mr. Mayer’s songs,” Pareles wrote, “he’s a perfect candidate for a boyfriend: thoughtful, affectionate, a little wounded, and ready for assurance, with a breathy voice.” Mayer’s highly anticipated followup to Room for Squares, titled Heavier Things, debuted at number one on the U.S. charts, and pushed his career further into the stratosphere. Rolling Stone critic James Hunter called it a “more sophisticated album.” The songs, Hunter wrote, “are sparser. ѧ Most of these tracks proceed more subtly, with an emphasis on interior life.” Being a famous person isn’t Mayer’s goal, he claimed. Even after his second, star-making album, Mayer told

Mayer • 119

Eliscu, “I’m focused on proving my success wasn’t an accident. ѧ I want to get twice as good as I am now.” Mayer is respected throughout the music community by his peers in the pop genre and, perhaps surprisingly, by rap music’s elite. Rap star Jay-Z and Grammywinning producer Pharrell Williams of the Neptunes have both publicly praised Mayer’s music. Williams elaborated to MTV: “You know, the dude is a real musician. It’s like anything you ever loved in Joe Jackson or anything you ever loved in any ’70s rock. You’re gonna get it out of this dude. He’s a real student, and it comes through in his music.” Branched Into Blues In 2005 Mayer decided to shake up his image as a gentle pop rocker and ballad writer. He formed a power trio and hit the road, indulging his inner guitar-jamming bluesman. Mayer hooked up with Pino Palladino, a bass player who frequently plays with the Who, and Steve Jordan, drummer for Keith Richards’s solo group. The trio set out with the intention of emulating the illustrious rock-blues power groups of the 1960s, such as Cream and the Jimi Hendrix Experience. On the road, the trio recorded a disc, 2005’s Try! John Mayer Trio Live in Concert. Farber deemed it a success. “What Mayer’s group delivers is scorching blues-inflected rock with a great groove and solos worthy of the mantle it picked up.” Although Mayer covered Ray Charles and Jimi Hendrix on one song each, the rest of the tracks were original compositions. Though Try! was critically acclaimed and earned Mayer new fans and respect, it failed to sell like his previous albums. Mayer enjoyed playing with the trio, which gave him the opportunity to express himself in new ways and prove himself as a musician. Speaking to Rolling Stone’s Brian Hiatt, Mayer described the feeling he gets when he plays guitar. “You just get out of the way of yourself, and I’ve got a big self for me to get out of the way of. I’ve had a few nights where I got so close to leaving the ground that I didn’t know where it was going and kind of got freaked out—close to feeling like my wheels were gonna come off. For me, it’s like finding the zipper on the back of my body and just coming out of it.” Mayer continued his evolution of style with 2006’s Continuum, his third major label studio album. While the album mimicked his first releases, blending jazz, pop and blues, Continuum also had a distinctive R&B feel. On the disc Mayer paid homage to his idol Hendrix by including “Bold As Love,” the cover for Hendrix’s second album. “I wanted to expose Hendrix as a great songwriter,” Mayer told the Daily News shortly after the album was released. “You don’t jam with that song. It’s thoughtful, and deep. And it [shows] a different side of Hendrix.” The songs Mayer composed for the album show a maturity beyond his first smooth pop hits. On

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Continuum Mayer delved into issues such as aging, with tracks like “Gravity” and “Stop This Train.” The album’s breakout song, an R&B anger-free protest number titled “Waiting on the World to Change,” spent more than 33 weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and earned Mayer a Grammy Award for best male pop vocal performance. Continuum also picked up a Grammy for best pop vocal album. Though Mayer enjoyed his fame, the seven-time Grammy winner was also disturbed by the attention he garnered, particularly when he dated celebrity actresses. In 2006 Mayer had a brief but highly publicized romance with actress Jennifer Love Hewitt. In 2007 he dated Jessica Simpson and in 2008 was linked to Jennifer Aniston. Mayer escorted Aniston to the 2009 Academy Awards and was followed by photographers. When he and Aniston split, the tabloids covered that, too, much to his dismay. “I don’t have a problem with my privacy as much as I have a problem with people messing with my message,” Mayer told USA Today’s Elysa Gardner. “If you’re going to take pictures of me doing mundane stuff, will you at least take pictures of me playing guitar? Because right now it looks like all I do is drink coffee and do dry cleaning and go eat dinner.”

Selected discography Inside Wants Out, Aware, 1999. Room For Squares, Columbia, 2001. Heavier Things, Columbia, 2003. Any Given Thursday, Columbia, 2003. As/is, Columbia, 2004. Try! John Mayer Trio Live in Concert, Columbia, 2005. Continuum, Columbia, 2006. (CD/DVD) Where the Light Is: John Mayer Live in Los Angeles, Columbia, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Boston Globe, August 27, 2006, p. N1. Daily News (New York, NY), November 20, 2005, p. 8 (NOW); September 10, 2006, p. 22 (NOW). Newsday (Long Island, NY), March 13, 2009, p. A10. New York Times, November 26, 2003, p. E1; March 2, 2007, p. E1. People, October 6, 2003, p. 51. Rolling Stone, October 2, 2003, p. 116; June 12, 2008, p. 60. USA Today, June 25, 2008, p. 1D. Village Voice, October 1-7, 2003, p. C89.

Online “Forget Cristal: John Mayer CDs are the Latest Hip-Hop Must Have,” MTV.com, http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1484 845/20040205/index.jhtml?headlines=true (February 13, 2004).

“Songs in the Key of Mayer,” RollingStone.com, http://www. rollingstone.com/features/featuregen.asp?pid=2043 (January 3, 2004). —Brenna Sanchez and Lisa Frick

Mayer • 121

Jimmy McGriff Organist

O

rganist Jimmy McGriff straddled the lines dividing jazz, blues, and pop over a 50-year career. He helped to create the hybrid genre of soul-jazz, and he lived and worked long enough to witness its decline and ultimately its revival. McGriff’s instrument was the Hammond B-3 organ, and by the later stages of his career he was recognized as an elder statesman who had expanded the possibilities of the instrument beyond its gospel origins. Although often classified as a jazz player, McGriff himself saw blues as the defining trait of his style and he emphasized his gospel roots. “They talk about who taught me this and who taught me that, but the basic idea of what I’m doing on the organ came from the church,” he was quoted as saying in London’s Independent. Those gospel roots were established early in the life of James Harrell McGriff, born on April 3, 1936, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The music he heard with his family at the Eastern Star Baptist Church in Philadelphia’s Germantown neighborhood impressed him at a basic level. His parents both played the piano, and he began studying that instrument at the age of five. Among McGriff’s more distant relatives were two famous Philadelphia musicians, soul vocalist Harold Melvin and jazz saxophonist Benny Golson. By his teenage years McGriff was also proficient on bass, drums, saxophone, and vibraphone, and was playing drums in a jazz trio. After graduating from Simon Gratz High School, McGriff enlisted in the U.S. Army and served as a military policeman stationed with U.S. forces in South Korea.

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When he returned home, McGriff got a job as a motorcycle officer with the Philadelphia Police Department. But he soon began playing music on the side, backing visiting artists such as jazz vocalist Carmen McRae and blues shouter Big Maybelle when they came to Philadelphia, and his musical activities caused him to miss work more and more often. He was especially interested in the Hammond B-3, which had already attracted a stable of talented players in Philadelphia. Among the first occasions on which McGriff heard the instrument was when organist Richard “Groove” Holmes played one at McGriff’s sister’s wedding. McGriff sought out not only Holmes but also Milt Buckner, Sonny Gatewood, and the player generally regarded as the greatest jazz organist, Jimmy Smith. In 1956 he bought a B-3 of his own. Thoroughly hooked, he enrolled in organ classes at Philadelphia’s Combs College of Music, and then at the prestigious Juilliard School in New York City. By 1960 McGriff was living in Trenton, New Jersey, and had cut a single, “Foxy Do,” for the small White Rock label (a session that also featured jazzman Charles Earland on saxophone). Performing his arrangement of the Ray Charles hit “I Got a Woman” at a Trenton club in 1962, McGriff impressed talent scout Joe Lederman, and soon his own instrumental version of the song, recorded for Philadelphia’s Jell label, was gaining radio airplay in the city. That in turn attracted the attention of New York entrepreneur and producer Henry “Juggy” Murray, who signed McGriff to the Sue label, promoted “I’ve Got a Woman” (as McGriff’s version was titled) heavily enough to land it in the pop top 20, and released a series of McGriff albums that lay somewhere between blues and pop. Among them were the successful holiday album Christmas with McGriff (1964) and 1965’s Blues for Mister Jimmy, which remains a cornerstone of McGriff’s recorded legacy. In the mid-1960s McGriff was recruited as a top attraction for the new Solid State label. His work during this period was diverse. McGriff made forays into big-band jazz with his Count Basie tribute album Jimmy McGriff and the Big Band (1966) and with several touring stints as part of drummer Buddy Rich’s band. His most innovative work in the late 1960s and early 1970s was in the then-just-emerging soul-jazz and jazz-funk styles, with albums such as A Bag Full of Soul (1966) and The Worm (1969); the latter LP, with its hit single of the same title, landed McGriff back in the top reaches of the rhythm-and-blues sales charts. For the Blue Note label he recorded Electric Funk (1969), whose cover represented one of the earlier printed uses of the term “funk” in a musical context, and whose two-part “Spear for Moondog” paid tribute to the experimental musician Moondog and the spear he carried on New York’s streets. McGriff settled in Newark, New Jersey, and opened a nightclub, the Golden Slipper, where he recorded an album with bluesman Junior Parker. He married twice and had two children, later known as Donald Kelly and Holiday Hankerson.

For the Record . . .

B

orn April 3, 1936, in Philadelphia, PA; served as

military policeman, U.S. Army, South Korea; mar-

ried twice; two children, Donald Kelly and Holiday Hankerson; died of multiple sclerosis, May 24, 2008, in Voorhees, New Jersey. Education: Studied music at Temple University and Combs College of Music, Philadelphia, and at the Juilliard School, New York City.

In 1996 McGriff was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Although he had to use a motorized scooter to move around the stage, he didn’t let the illness slow his career. He recorded several new albums, and in 2004 he made a tour of Japan with organists Reuben Wilson and Joey DeFrancesco. In 2006 he released the album Live at Smoke, recorded at a New York club. McGriff died of complications from MS on May 24, 2008, in Voorhees, New Jersey. Many of his roughly 100 albums remained in print or had appeared in reissues, and he had inspired a host of younger players both to take up the organ and to keep in sight the goal of jazz as a popular art.

Began performing on Hammond B-3 organ, Philadelphia, late 1950s; recorded for White Rock and Jell labels, early 1960s; signed to Solid State label, 1965; recorded hit album The Worm, 1969; operated horse farm in Connecticut during temporary retirement, early 1970s; recorded for Capitol, United Artists, LRC, and Groove Merchant labels, 1970s; began performing and recording partnership with saxophonist Hank Crawford, 1986; began playing synthesizer organ, mid-1990s, but continued to play B-3; diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, 1996; continued to perform.

After a dozen years of a heavy performing and recording schedule, McGriff bought a horse farm in Connecticut in 1972 and planned to retire there. The retirement lasted only a year, however. McGriff’s popularity had survived the eras of rhythm and blues, early rock and roll, and soul music, and he remained prolific as disco surged into top chart positions. McGriff albums such as Stump Juice (1975) and Red Beans (1976) attracted critical notice; John Fordham of London’s Guardian felt that “though the materials are often thin, the sessions are lifted by McGriff’s coolly grooving lines and stalking-cat deliberation,” and McGriff Web discographer Doug Payne asserted that the organist’s disco-era releases “still stand out today as excellent documents of McGriff’s organic prowess.” After about 1980, McGriff’s music became more closely identified with jazz rather than with contemporary popular styles. He recorded prolifically for various labels, including Milestone, often backing headliners such as saxophonist David “Fathead” Newman in addition to working under his own name. In 1986 he began a productive partnership with saxophonist Hank Crawford; their Soul Survivors helped inaugurate a soul-jazz revival that would guarantee McGriff recognition and bookings for the rest of his life. In the mid1990s he began using the new Hammond XB-3 organ synthesizer, but he soon returned to the classic B-3.

Selected discography I’ve Got a Woman, Sue, 1962. One of Mine, Sue, 1963. Jimmy McGriff at the Apollo, Sue, 1963. Christmas with Jimmy McGriff, Sue, 1963. Jimmy McGriff at the Organ, Sue, 1964. Topkapi, Sue, 1964. Blues for Mr. Jimmy, Sue, 1965. Where the Action’s At! (live), Veep, 1965. The Big Band, Solid State, 1966. A Bag Full of Soul, Solid State, 1966. Cherry, Solid State, 1966. A Bag Full of Blues, Solid State, 1967. I’ve Got a New Woman, Solid State, 1967. Honey, Solid State, 1968. The Worm, Solid State, 1968. Step 1, Solid State, 1968. A Thing to Come By, Solid State, 1968. The Way You Look Tonight, Solid State, 1969. Electric Funk, Blue Note, 1969. Something to Listen To, Blue Note, 1970. Black Pearl (live), Blue Note, 1971. Jimmy McGriff with Junior Parker, United Artists, 1971. Soul Sugar, Capitol, 1971. Groove Grease, Groove Merchant, 1971. Fly Dude, Groove Merchant, 1972. Friday the 13th—Cook County Jail, Groove Merchant, 1972. (With Groove Holmes) Giants of the Organ Come Together, Groove Merchant, 1972. The Main Squeeze, Groove Merchant, 1974. Stump Juice, Groove Merchant, 1975. The Mean Machine, Groove Merchant, 1976. Red Beans, Groove Merchant, 1976. Tailgunner, LRC, 1977. Seven Minds, America, 1978. Outside Looking In, LRC, 1978. B. Baker Chocolate Co., LRC, 1979. City Lights, Jam, 1980. Movin’ Upside the Blues, Jam 1980. The Groover, Jam, 1982. Countdown, Milestone, 1983. Skywalk, Milestone, 1984. State of the Art, Milestone, 1985. (With Hank Crawford) Soul Survivors, Milestone, 1986. The Starting Five, Milestone, 1986. Steppin’ Up, Milestone, 1987. Blue to the Bone, Milestone, 1988. (With Hank Crawford) On the Blue Side, Milestone, 1989.

McGriff • 123

You Ought to Think About Me, Headfirst, 1990. In a Blue Mood, Headfirst, 1991. (With the Hank Crawford Quartet) Right Turn on Blue, Telarc, 1994. (With the Hank Crawford Quartet) Blues Groove, Telarc, 1995. The Dream Team, Milestone, 1996. Pullin’ Out the Stops!: The Best of Jimmy McGriff, Blue Note, 1997. (With Hank Crawford) Road Tested, Milestone, 1997. Straight Up, Milestone, 1998. (With Hank Crawford) Crunch Time, Milestone, 1998. McGriff’s House Party, Milestone, 1999. Dig On It: The Groove Merchant Years, Connoisseur Collection, 2000. Feelin’ It, Milestone, 2000. McGriff Avenue, Milestone, 2001. The Best of the Headfirst Years, K-Tel, 2003. The Best of the Sue Years: 1962–1965, Stateside/EMI, 2006. Live at Smoke, 2006.

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Sources Periodicals Guardian (London, England), June 4, 2008, p. 30. Independent (London, England), May 28, 2008, p. 34. New York Times, May 28, 2008, p. B5. Philadelphia Inquirer, May 28, 2008. Times (London, England), June 2, 2008, p. 50.

Online “Jimmy McGriff,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (May 1, 2009). “Jimmy McGriff - A Discography,” Doug Payne, http://www. dougpayne.com/mcgriff.htm (May 1 2009). —James M. Manheim

A

Metallica Heavy metal group

fter almost 30 years, a dozen albums, and a slew of Grammy Awards, Metallica has more than proven its staying power as rock’s preeminent metal group. The group paid its dues during the hair band era of the 1980s, but Metallica’s self-titled 1991 release addressed the decidedly adult topics of nuclear holocaust, mental illness, suicide, and the dangers of drug addiction. Yet despite these grim themes, Metallica’s music runs contrary to heavy metal’s one-dimensional image; their sound involves more than just bonebreaking chords and fire-and-brimstone lyrics. The band has distinguished itself with a grungy sophistication well beyond the work of its predecessors to become one of the largest selling acts in the history of American music. Members of Metallica may be rude and cheeky, but they’re proficient. Spin magazine’s Alec Foege called Metallica “a burnished black gem.” Metallica coalesced in 1981 with singer-guitarist James Hetfield, drummer Lars Ulrich, bass player Cliff Burton, and lead guitarist Dave Mustaine. Mustaine, who had taken over for early collaborator Lloyd Grant, was replaced in 1983 by Kirk Hammett. Their first album, Kill ‘Em All, attracted droves of “head-banging” fans. The follow-up releases Ride the Lightning and Master of Puppets were greeted with even more enthusiasm by

AP Images

Metallica • 125

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Kirk Hammett (replaced Dave

Mustaine, 1983, who had replaced Lloyd Grant),

lead guitar; James Hetfield, vocals, rhythm guitar; Jason Newsted (replaced Cliff Burton, who died in tour bus accident, 1986; left group, 2001), bass; Robert Trujillo (replaced Jason Newsted, 2001), bass; Lars Ulrich, drums. Group formed 1981; recorded Kill ‘Em All on Elektra/ Asylum, 1983; released multiplatinum-selling Metallica, 1991, Load, 1996, Reload, 1997, and S&M, a collection of concerts with the San Francisco Symphony, 1999; filed law suit against Napster for copyright violations, 2000; released St. Anger, 2003, Death Magnetic, 2008. Awards: Grammy Awards for Best Metal Performance, 1989, 1990, 1998, 2004, 2009; Best Metal Performance With Vocal, 1991; Best Hard Rock Performance, 1999; Best Rock Instrumental Performance, 2001; Best

been a particularly smooth player, but other band members had not attempted to reign him in. Attempts to persuade him to forego his bell-bottom jeans in favor of more traditional heavy metal garb were futile; Burton was set in his ways and rarely influenced by others. To refurbish their lineup, the members of Metallica decided to settle on someone completely different from Burton, and tapped Jason Newsted, then with the Phoenix band Flotsam & Jetsam. Newsted was raised in Niles, Michigan, and had decided to turn professional after playing in bands throughout high school. Burton had been a remarkable soloist, but Newsted provided Metallica with a more cohesive sound. Burton’s sound had not been well-defined, particularly when he played low on the guitar’s neck. Instead, Newsted chose to mirror the band’s guitar riffs precisely, producing a newly unified guitar effect. This sound dominated the new band’s 1988 double album, titled ѧ And Justice for All. The record went multiplatinum by 1989 and earned a Grammy Award nomination, despite a dearth of radio airplay. The release of Justice coincided with Metallica’s return to its musical roots: the groundbreaking metal stylings of 1970s rock giants Led Zeppelin and Black Sabbath. This resolve became the cornerstone for the 1991 release Metallica, also known as the “Black” album.

Recording Package, 2009; MTV Music Video Awards, 1992, 1996; American Music Awards, Favorite Artist/ Heavy Metal, and Favorite Metal/Hard Rock Song, 1996; Billboard Music Awards, 1997, 1999. Addresses: Record company—Elektra Entertainment, 75 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, NY 10019, Web site: http://www.elektra.com. Web site—Metallica Official Web site: http://www.metallica.com.

the world’s heavy metal constituency, which enabled the band to strut their stuff with fellow “metalheads” on the enormous Monsters of Rock Tour. That outing featured a free concert in Moscow that was attended by 500,000 Soviet metal fans, and Metallica was increasingly credited with single-handedly revitalizing heavy metal music, paving the way for other thrash bands like Slayer and Megadeath. Bassist Burton Killed in Accident Tragedy struck Metallica on September 27, 1986, when the band’s tour bus went into a ditch in Sweden, killing bassist Cliff Burton. After a brief hiatus the band reassembled and began looking for a replacement for Burton, although duplicating his eccentric, unbridled style seemed an impossible task. Burton had never

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Still steely, but a little slicker, Metallica was produced by Bob Rock, who had also worked with metal acts Motley Crue, Loverboy, and Bon Jovi. Buoyed by the dark, driving single “Enter Sandman,” Metallica sold 2.2 million copies in its first week, and has sold over 15 million copies worldwide since its release. Metallica’s hard-won versatility is showcased on the record with guitarist Hammett’s winsome wah-wah, and openthroated, more melodic vocals from Hetfield. The band earned Grammys in both 1990 and 1991 and ascended to a new strata of heavy metal superstardom. Featured on the covers of both Rolling Stone and Spin, Metallica’s popularity seemed to know no bounds. With increased media coverage, it seemed that the band’s appeal was not narrowly bohemian, political, or reflective of any trend—except perhaps anger. Village Voice contributor Erik Davis wrote that “Metallica’s ‘image’— dark shades, frowns, and poorly conceived facial hair—allies them with a musical culture of refusal.” The band’s head-banging thrash metal songs are short but not sweet; they’re delivered with grim, tight expressions and a minimum of emotion, which gives the impression that the entire band is grimacing. Metallica’s albums have few tender spots; songs range from the brutal “Sad But True” to the sweet and gritty “Ride the Lightning,” and from the praised pagan slant found on “Of Wolf And Man” to the metaphysical musings of “Through the Never.” Commenting on their larger musical style, Davis said of the band, “They hew thrash to a rigorous minimalism.”

Load and Reload Worn from touring during the early 1990s and a contract suit against Elektra, Metallica’s next release did not come until 1996. The album Load, the longest of the group’s work with 14 songs, was a marked change in style and sound from the “Black” album. As described in the group’s biography at its official Web site, the material was “loose, powerful and eclectic, the sound thick and punchy and the image one which screamed out change and freedom from the enslavement to the Black album era.” The group built on the critical success of the album and released an additional set of Load session tracks as Reload in 1997. Instead of simply revisiting Load’s eclecticism, Reload offered “enough left curves to make it a better record,” according to All Music Guide’s Stephen Thomas Erlewine. The late 1990s and early 2000s brought new challenges for the group, both inside the studio and out. The group toured in support of Load and Reload in 1997 and 1998, and ventured into new musical territory in 1999 with S&M, a two-disc collection of concert performances with the San Francisco Symphony. The innovative collaboration between the groups featured orchestral arrangements behind Metallica classics such as “Master of Puppets,” “One,” “For Whom the Bell Tolls,” “Sad But True,” and “Of Wolf and Man.” In April of 2000, the group, along with rapper Dr. Dre, filed suit against Napster, the Web site that facilitated the free sharing of music files between personal computers, alleging violation of copyright laws. During a prolonged battle against the site by Metallica, Dre, and the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), the group managed to block 300,000 users who had downloaded copies of Metallica songs. The group and Dre settled their suit against Napster for an undisclosed amount in July of 2001. Metallica said it would allow some of its music to be swapped on the site after the scheduled start of subscription service in the late summer of 2001. In January of 2001, Jason Newsted announced that he planned to leave Metallica after 14 years, “due to private and personal reasons, and the physical damage that I have done to myself over the years while playing the music that I love. This is the most difficult decision of my life, made in the best interest of my family, myself, and the continued growth of Metallica,” according to his comments at the Elektra Records Web site. The group decided not to rush into finding a replacement for Newsted, but took on producer Rob Rock to do all the bass parts; they then took some time off to rest and recover. In 2002 the members got together again to make a new album, St. Anger, with Rock on bass. On their Web site the band wrote, “This Metallica was proud, confident, appreciative, humble, hungry, edgy, angry and also happy.” The album took a long time to make, as the

band was still embroiled in the dispute with Napster. And just after the dust of the lawsuit settled, Hetfield checked into rehab, forcing another delay in the band’s work. However, when he came out of rehab, they got right to work. In the fall of 2002, they finally replaced Rock with bass player Robert Trujillo, who had formerly played with Suicidal Tendencies and Ozzy Osbourne, and finished recording the album, which was released in 2003. The album had a raw, heavy sound, partly because the band voted on which songs should be included, deciding to go with that flavor for the entire album. As Hammett told Darrin Fox in Guitar Player, “We wanted to preserve the integrity and honesty of how the songs sounded when they were recorded. Metallica has a history of polishing its albums to such an extent that they end up far removed from where they began.” For this album, the band wanted to scrap that approach and go for the immediacy of raw recordings. The approach worked, as the album won Metallica won another Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance. Documentary Provided Honest Portrayal In 2004 a documentary film about Metallica, Some Kind of Monster, produced and directed by Joe Berlinger and Bruce Sinofsky, was released at the Sundance Independent Film Festival; it later played in theaters throughout the United States. The documentary was filmed during the tumultuous period when Hetfield entered rehab, and instead of canceling the shoot, Metallica let the cameras keep rolling throughout that time, resulting in a honest, gritty portrayal of the band. In Publishers Weekly, a reviewer wrote that the film is “a defining portrait of the values and conflicts of our times.” Death Magnetic was released in 2008, kicking off the World Magnetic Tour, set to continue into 2010. In Guitar Player Matt Blackett wrote that the album has the same “energy, power, and progressive song structures” of their early work, but rather than reworking old ground, it sounds fresh and current. It is a return to form in all the best senses. Josh Tyrangiel, writing in Time, commented, “Large segments of the album move with a velocity and precision that have no precedent.” The album debuted at the top of the Billboard Top 200 chart—the fifth Metallica album to do so, giving the group the largest number of consecutive number one debuts in music history. Foege waxed mathematic in his assessment of Metallica, writing, “At turns algebraically elegant and geometrically raucous, present-day Metallica can stop and start on a dime.” With their popularity showing no signs of flagging, their musical and lyrical virtuosity on the upswing, and their fans more crazed than ever, Metallica is a speeding bullet surely headed for continued success.

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Selected discography Kill ‘Em All, Elektra, 1983. Ride the Lightning, Elektra, 1984. Master of Puppets, Elektra, 1986. ѧ And Justice for All, Elektra, 1988. Metallica, Elektra, 1991. Live Sh**: Binge and Purge, Elektra, 1993. Load, Elektra, 1996. Reload, Elektra, 1997. Garage, Inc., Polygram, 1998. S&M, Elektra, 1999. St. Anger, Elektra, 2003. Death Magnetic, Warner Bros., 2008.

Sources Periodicals Bass Player, September/October 1991. Entertainment Weekly, October 17, 2008, p. 8. Guitar Player, November 2003, p. 46; November 2008, p. 87; February 2009, p. 86. Newsweek, September 23, 1991.

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PC Magazine (U.K.), July 2000. Publishers Weekly, November 15, 2004, p. 54. Rolling Stone, November 14, 1991; March 19, 1992. Spin, October 1991; December 1991. Time, September 22, 2008, p.93. Village Voice, September 18, 1991. Washington Post, July 12, 2000, p. A23. Wilson Library Bulletin, January 1992.

Online “Metallica,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (June 6, 2001). “Metallica, Dre Settle with Napster,” Netscape, http://www. dailynews.netscape.com/mynsnews/story.tmpl?table=n& cat=50880&id=200107130714000120526 (July 15, 2001). “Metallica News,” Elektra Records, http://www.elektra.com (June 6, 2001). Metallica Official Web site, http://www.metallica.com (June 6, 2001). “Napster, MusicNet Forge Deal With Strings Attached,” Billboard, http://www.billboard.com (June 7, 2001). The Recording Academy, http://www.grammy.com (June 6, 2001). —B. Kimberly Taylor and Kelly Winters

M

My Morning Jacket Rock group

y Morning Jacket is a rock group that is impossible to pigeonhole, for they move easily from one sound to another. The group has drawn from whatever music it likes, creating a unique sound that might be considered alt-country, psych-rock, or just plain weird reverb rock. Jim James, the group’s founder and main singersongwriter, began playing guitar in high school in Louisville, Kentucky. He was playing with a band called Month of Sundays and became more interested in exploring his own songwriting. Soon James was writing songs that didn’t fit that group, and he went out on his own as My Morning Jacket’s only member. James shaped My Morning Jacket into a band in 1998 when his cousin Johnny Quaid was recruited to play with him. The band solidified further that year with the addition of Two-Tone Tommy on bass and J. Glenn on drums. Danny Cash was a late arrival who reportedly taught himself to play keyboards solely to be able to audition for the band. “We just kind of guffawed our way into playing all the time. Every single day! And making records too,” James told Pitchfork. The group’s debut album, The Tennessee Fire, was released by the Darla label in 1999.

AP Images

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For the Record . . .

M

embers include Carl Broemel (joined group,

2004), guitar; Danny Cash (left group, 2004),

keyboards; J. Glenn (left group, 1999), drums; K.C. Guetig (group member, 1999-2002), drums; Patrick Hallahan (joined group, 2002), drums; Jim James, vocals, guitar, songwriter; Bo Koster (joined group, 2004), keyboards; Johnny Quaid (left group, 2004),

“We always wanted to make a Christmas album, even if it was kind of fun and goofy. We wanted to make it like an old one.” The EP included cover versions of music by artists ranging from Elvis Presley to Nick Cave. Like the fictional rock band Spinal Tap, My Morning Jacket has been through a succession of drummers. J. Glenn left the band after the debut and was replaced by K.C. Guetig. Patrick Hallahan began playing with the group prior to their July 2002 tour with the group Guided By Voices; he and James had been childhood friends.

guitar; Two-Tone Tommy, bass. Formed in Louisville, KY, by Jim James and Johnny Quaid, 1998; added players, 1998; released The Tennessee Fire, 1999; invited to Europe and became subject of documentary; released EP My Morning Jacket Does Xmas Fiasco Style, 2000; At Dawn, 2001; Chocolate & Ice EP released, 2002; toured with Guided By Voices, 2002; began to emerge as critical favorite in the United States, 2002-03; toured with Foo Fighters, 2003; released It Still Moves, 2003; guitarist Carl Broemel replaced Quaid; keyboardist Bo Koster replaced Danny Cash, 2004. Addresses: Record company—RCA Records, 1540 Broadway, New York, NY 10036. Web site—My Morning

Jacket

Official

Web

site:

http://www.

mymorningjacket.com.

Enjoyed Unexpected Success Abroad My Morning Jacket got its first break not in the United States but in Europe, when the group was championed by a disc jockey in the Netherlands. They were eventually invited to Europe. A documentary about the band was filmed, which, James told Rolling Stone, was “about how weird it was for us to come from Kentucky, where no one gave a sh*t, to Holland, where people cared. It was surreal.” Quaid remarked that the group’s popularity abroad may have come about because they were not based in a major city. “Kentucky probably sounds like an exotic place, and it might hold some kind of mystery for them,” Quaid speculated in an interview with PopMatters. “The people there are really open-minded and really searching for new, up-and-coming music. They really have their ears to the ground.” Of the band’s holiday 2000 EP release My Morning Jacket Does Xmas Fiasco Style, James told Pitchfork,

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Critics Tried to Pin Down Band’s Sound The 2000 release of the EP Chocolate and Ice and the following year’s full-length At Dawn marked the full flowering of the band’s experimental tendencies. Reviewers heard in the band’s sound echoes of Neil Young, Brian Wilson, and the Flaming Lips, and they tried attaching various genre labels to the group. They agreed, however, in commenting on the band’s use of reverb. Like guitar legend Duane Eddy, the group has recorded in a grain silo to get the best reverb sound possible. “Jim actually has a chemical imbalance where he cannot survive without reverb,” quipped Quaid in an interview with PopMatters. “It’s like oxygen to him.” The band cited a variety of musical and cultural influences that have informed their music, some of them visible in their live shows. “We all grew up listening to Zeppelin, the Stones, and AC/DC, and we all airguitared to all of those things in our rooms with the lights out, jumping off our beds and everything,” Quaid told PopMatters. “We just try to re-create that every night. You close your eyes, and you’re 13 years old again, jumping off your bed to a Led Zeppelin song.” James has listed Etta James, Nina Simone, The Band, The Muppets, Roy Orbison, and Led Zeppelin as musical influences, and My Morning Jacket has acknowledged its influences openly by performing a range of covers in its live performances. As a result, they often perform songs as diverse as “Hot Legs” by Rod Stewart and Bill Monroe’s “Blue Moon of Kentucky.” The list also includes songs by Erykah Badu, Berlin, Elton John, and Black Sabbath. “I think covers are a good way to connect with people who are unfamiliar with you, and a good way to have fun all around,” James told Pitchfork. “Good music means a lot to me,” James told VH1.com. Bands he considered overrated included Grand Funk Railroad, Foreigner, and Lynyrd Skynyrd. Emerged from Obscurity With continuing support in Europe, My Morning Jacket emerged in the United States from the regional bar and

house party circuit in 2002. Their new success was partly the result of critical praise by reviewers from publications including New Musical Express, Blender, and San Francisco Weekly. Music writers continued to struggle to classify My Morning Jacket. The band has been labeled alt-country, but James rejected that idea. “The only label for us is rock and roll. That encompasses everything,” he told Pitchfork. “I guess our mission is just to bring some mystery and some fun back to rock and roll. It seems like there is no mystery or fun nowadays. It’s all so serious. I just don’t feel any real emotion from some of the more widely accepted artists these days.” At Dawn was a favorite of Dave Grohl, by 2003 a member of the band the Foo Fighters. Grohl asked My Morning Jacket to open for the Foo Fighters during a 2003 tour. That same year, the band released its muchpraised full-length recording It Still Moves. “If altcountry heroes decided to go to space, this is what it would sound like,” wrote an Esquire reviewer of It Still Moves. “From the album opening ‘Mahgeeta,’ the band travels a beautifully winding and spooky road.” “Nothing says complete artistic freedom like 12 songs that average six minutes in length,” contended John Schacht in Paste. “The main characteristic of My Morning Jacket songs ѧ is that there are often no main characteristicsѧ. That’s both the group’s appeal and its Achilles’ heel, depending on your inclinations.” The band was continuing to tour in support of It Still Moves when, in early 2004, two members abruptly announced they were leaving the band. Quaid and Cash quit, and the band filled their spots for the continuing tour with Carl Broemel and Bo Koster. Both men who left My Morning Jacket said they were tired of touring and wanted to be at home. The band also publicly stated that the new musicians appeared to be a good fit for the group. Before convening the revamped lineup of My Morning Jacket for the recording of their 2005 release, Z, Jim James and company released two compilations of previously unreleased material. The first, The Sandworm Cometh: Early Recordings, Chapter 1, contained the band’s compelling reworkings of the Elton John classic “Rocket Man” and the Jefferson Airplane’s “White Rabbit.” The second, Learning: Early Recordings, Chapter 2, contained highly imaginative reworkings of Berlin’s “Take My Breath Away,” Hank Williams’s “Why Don’t You Love Me?,” and the Pet Shop Boys’ “West End Girls.” Clearing the vaults of the unreleased material prepared listeners for the new direction the band took with Z. The band used far less reverb techniques in the recording of the album, which All Music Guide critic Johnny Loftus favorably compared to Elton John’s early 1970s efforts Honky Chateau and Goodbye Yellow Brick Road. According to Loftus, the recording

marked a watershed in the group’s body of work: “Z is intuitive, intensely creative, classicist-minded, nearly flawless. It’s music that’s extruded from Jim James’ id, and that’s bearded, too.” Following the release of Z, the band paused briefly to revel in their new era of creativity, releasing the critically lauded live set Okonkos, which culled songs from the entirety of the band’s studio releases and recast them for a lucky audience attending the show recorded at San Francisco’s legendary Fillmore Auditorium. The album featured an eleven-minute version of “Dondante,” but successfully eluded categorization as just another live recording by a self-absorbed jam band, a too-easy label that the band finally put to rest with the release of 2008’s Evil Urges. While featuring lengthy sonic experiments, the release also contained songs more easily classified as inspired by Prince, including “Highly Suspicious.” The band toured extensively to promote Evil Urges, including a highly regarded appearance on the Public Broadcasting System series Austin City Limits, where the audience seemed to enjoy the band’s seamless transition from jamming to country to blues Southern Rock to psychedelia.

Selected discography The Tennessee Fire, Darla, 1999. My Morning Jacket Does Xmas Fiasco Style, Darla, 2000. At Dawn, Darla, 2001. Chocolate and Ice, Badman, 2002. My Morning Jacket/Songs: Ohia (split CD), Jade Tree, 2002. It Still Moves, ATO, 2003. The Sandworm Cometh: Early Recordings, Chapter 1, Darla, 2004. Learning: Early Recordings, Chapter 2, Darla, 2004. Z, ATO, 2005. Okonkos, ATO, 2006. Evil Urges, Red, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Esquire, September 2003, p. 114. Paste, October 2003. Rolling Stone, October 2, 2003, p. 44.

Online “An Interview with Jim James of My Morning Jacket,” Louisville Eccentric Observer, http://www.leoweekly.com/ archives/071603/music-interview-jim.shtml (November 26, 2003). “Explain Yourself!: Jim James of My Morning Jacket,” Pitchfork, http://www.pitchforkmedia.com/watw/03-04/my-morn ing-jacket.shtml (November 26, 2003).

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“Featured Release: My Morning Jacket,” It Still Moves, RCA Records, http://www.rcarecords.com/featuredrelease_mm j.html (October 31, 2003). “Kentucky Mystique,” PopMatters, http://www.popmatters. com/music/interviews/my-morning-jacket-031013.shtml (February 13, 2004). “My Morning Jacket,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (May 19, 2009).

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“My Morning Jacket,” Pitchfork, http://www.pitchforkmedia. com/interviews/m/my-morning-jacket-02/ (November 26, 2003). “My Morning Jacket: Southern Men & Bear Necessities,” VH1.com, http://www.vh1.com/artists/interview/1479666/ 100903/my_morning_jacket.jhtml (October 31, 2003). —Linda Dailey Paulson and Bruce Edward Walker

W

hen Joan Osborne sauntered onto the music scene in 1995 with her major label debut, Relish, she commanded notice. With her big bluesy voice, unconventional sex appeal, and smart feminist attitude, critics and fans could not help but like her. Entertainment Weekly named her double platinum album the number one album of 1995, and it garnered seven Grammy nominations. It was not where Osborne once expected to end up, but now that she has arrived, she has made herself right at home.

Joan Osborne

Joan Elizabeth Osborne was born the second oldest of six children in the small town of Anchorage, Kentucky, not far from Louisville. She was a feisty and arty kid and not a backwoods hick, as she has pointed out. Called Elizabeth until first grade, she promptly came home one day and told the family her name was Joan and that is what they were to call her. She was always socially conscious and was a natural performer from the outset. In high school Osborne got into punk rock music and musical theater. Her mother proudly encouraged her. She was also an excellent student, causing hopes in the family that she might become a doctor. She herself could never imagine a performer’s life. “Where I’m from,” she told Rolling Stone’s Ann Powers, “the notion of becoming a professional artist is looked upon as being unrealistic and sort of conceited.”

Singer, songwriter

Found Her Niche

Paul Natkin/Photo reserve, Inc.

Apparently, though, when this lapsed Catholic first “fell from grace”—her mother found out Joan was having sex at 17—she was asked to leave. She graduated from high school in 1980, then went to Louisville and began studying theater arts at the state university, but left school after 18 months. She had been singing in musicals and even worked briefly at the Burt Reynolds Dinner Theater in Jupiter, Florida. In the mid 1980s, Osborne received a small scholarship to go to film school at New York University. But after three years her money simply ran out. Letters from Anchorage encouraged her to come home and be sensible. Although she felt lost in New York and was quickly losing her sense of self worth, Osborne stuck it out. She happened to wander into a club in Greenwich Village one night, and discovered a scene in which she felt welcome. One drunken night at a place called the Abilene Cafe, with all her friends were rooting her on, Osborne climbed up on the stage and belted out the gospel standard “God Bless the Child.” They asked her back for their weekly jam session. As Powers wrote, “Sitting in with these [local] bands, Osborne quickly realized that the Janis Joplin-inspired balls-out blues queen was one persona that could accommodate her gifts.” Osborne quickly immersed herself in the music of R&B greats like Otis Redding, as well as the Library of

Osborne • 133

For the Record . . .

B

orn on July 8, 1962, in Anchorage, KY; daughter

of Jerry (a general contractor) and Ruth (an interior

decorator; maiden name, Yunker) Osborne. Education: Attended film school at New York University, mid 1980s. Singer and songwriter. Began singing at blues clubs around New York City, late 1980s; released Soul Show on her own Womanly Hips Music label, 1991; major label debut, Relish, 1995, released Early Recordings, 1996; Righteous Love, 2000; How Sweet It Is, 2002; One of Us, 2005; Christmas Means Love, 2005; Pretty Little Stranger, 2006; Breakfast in Bed, 2007; Little Wild One, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Mercury Records, Worldwide Plaza, 825 Eighth Ave., New York, NY 10019.

Congress’s recordings of singing cotton field hands and Appalachian backwoods music. She was hooked. Pretty soon she had a band, and was playing gigs five nights a week. A few things worried her, though: Would she be considered a pretender singing the blues? Would mainstream America accept an average-looking woman as opposed to some fashion model? But the singing just felt right. She remarked to Out’s Tom Donghy regarding some of her R&B and soul influences including Etta James, Aretha Franklin, and Mavis Staples, “Those women were unabashedly sexual, but in that was a sense of humor, strength, and real humanness.” And to Chris Willman of Entertainment Weekly, “[They] seemed to be almost like this feminist ideal. You could be sexual and strong and funny, but you didn’t have to look airbrushed. It seemed a more accurate reflection of the way I feel about sexuality than anything I generally see in the media.” In 1991 Osborne released a live album, Soul Show, on her own Womanly Hips Music label. Two years later she released the album Blue Million Miles. Although the first record was in strict Janis Joplin mode, the second album had a bit more of a rock flavor. Meanwhile, Osborne was waiting for the right deal. In 1993 producer Rick Chertoff needed talent for his new label, Blue Gorilla. A friend proposed Osborne. Chertoff loved her work and suggested she collaborate with him and with her friend Rob Hyman and his colleague Eric Bazalian, both former members of the Hooters. Osborne was hesitant, but “within four or five hours of meeting for the first time we’d written ‘Dracula Moon,’”

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she told Q’s Phil Sutcliffe. “Ideas flow out of them like water.” The eventual result was 1995’s Relish. The single “One of Us,” about imagining God as just a regular person, worried Osborne. Bazalian had written this one by himself, and Osborne was not sure it was true to the rest of the album. It became a huge hit, however, and if people were thrown off by the rest of Osborne’s work, few complained. Rolling Stone wrote in a four-star review that “Osborne astutely conflates the sacred and profane, and over inventive alterna-cool arrangements ѧ lets her strong, bluesy vocals rip. ѧ What’s especially winning about the woman is her range: Sexy and earnest, her voice, all on its own, conveys whole choirs of feeling.” And Jon Pareles wrote of her live show in the New York Times: “The songs acknowledge both lust and disillusion without cynicism, and Ms. Osborne’s voice teases out every undertone of her smart, subtle lyrics.” Although her work was nominated for seven Grammys, Osborne did not receive any. Longtime friend Kirsten Ames told Powers, “there was always this peace with Joan. She knew everything was going to happen. She’s a great example of someone who had to play the game for a while and then reached the moment she’d been waiting for. I think she’s going to get what she wants out of this.” Signed With Interscope Relish was followed by Early Recordings, and surprisingly, given her Grammy nominations, the Mercury label dropped her after this release. Osborne kept busy, spending time with family and friends. She bought an old farmhouse in upstate New York and began fixing it up. She explained to Larry Katz in the Albany Times-Union, “Mercury had been taken over by another large corporation which fired tons of people and dropped tons of bands. It became a much more hip-hop oriented climate.” Along with other women singer-songwriters such as Sarah McLaughlin and Sheryl Crow, Osborne appeared at the Lilith Fair, the women’s traveling festival and concert tour, in the late 1990s. Her audience of listeners, especially among women, grew from this exposure, but she was still not well known or secure in her career. Fans often came up to her in the street and asked her when she would release another album, and this encouraged her to keep going. Her family, too, was supportive of her dream to continue in music. Encouraged by this support, Osborne used her own money to record a third album, Righteous Love, released in 2000; after this, she signed with Interscope Records. In an interview in Entertainment Weekly, Osborne explained that she was nervous about the album

and the reception it might, or might not, receive: “Is this still gonna work, are people still interested in me?” Basically, she knew the question was whether there was an audience for music that was not teen pop or “a packaged, adolescent, boy-anger thing.” In a review in the Albany Times Union, Mark Brown wrote that the album was “exactly what fans would hope for: strong songs, earthy music and rich vocals,” and noted that what was not on the disc was “any pandering to what others thought she should do.” In 2002, in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Osborne released How Sweet It Is, a collection of soul and R&B classics. Tracks included Dave Mason’s “Only You Know and I Know,” Timmy Thomas’s “Why Can’t We Live Together,” and Aretha Franklin’s “Think.” She told Alan Sculley in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch that the songs on the album, from the 1960s and 1970s, were very relevant to current issues of war, community action, and unity. In 2003 Osborne’s song “One of Us” was picked up as the theme for a television show, “Joan of Arcadia,” in which a disaffected teenager talks to God, who appears to her in the form of a variety of ordinary people. The show was one of the highest rated in its debut season, but its ratings rapidly declined and it was canceled in May of 2005. Also in 2003 Osborne’s career took a new direction when she was invited to sing with the revival of the Grateful Dead, with drummer Mickey Hart and guitarist Bob Weir. Other new members included guitarist Jimmy Herring and keyboardists Rob Barraco and Jeff Chimenti. Hart told Jon Bream in the Minneapolis Star Tribune that Osborne’s voice “rounds out the vocal armada, and she adds an amazing female energy to the band.” He added jokingly that she would remain a member of the band “until we burn her out.” As soon as the Dead’s first season tour ended, Osborne kept going, starting her own series of solo shows. She had already toured with the Dixie Chicks and the Funk Brothers, and she also appeared at the AT&T LoDo Music Festival. She told Mark Brown in the Rocky Mountain News: “The stress is pretty enormous, not only from the traveling, but learning new material and jumping from one situation instantly into another.” Osborne’s album Pretty Little Stranger, produced in Nashville and released in 2006, was a collection of country tunes, half of which Osborne wrote and half of which were covers. Covers included the Grateful Dead’s “Brokedown Palace” and Kris Kristofferson’s “Please Don’t Tell Me How the Story Ends.” In Sing Out!, Mike Regenstreif remarked that Osborne’s singing was “reminiscent of Patsy Cline’s sophisticated country hits of the early 1960s.” Little Wild One, released in 2008, is an homage to Osborne’s adopted home of New York City. The songs, described as “gospel-infused pop anthems and hymns”

by Winter Miller in the New York Times, mingled Osborn’s response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and her interpretations of Walt Whitman’s poems about the city. Aarik Danielsen, writing in Popmatters, wrote that Osborne succeeded in imparting to the streets of New York “an almost spiritual quality,” and that the album “continues to fill out the picture of Joan Osborne as artist, adding new shades of color to the portrait of a confident and exciting songwriter who is comfortable in her skin and yet willing to continue striving for excellence.”

Selected discography Soul Show, Womanly Hips Music, 1991. Blue Million Miles, Womanly Hips Music, 1993. Relish, Blue Gorilla/Mercury, 1995. Early Recordings, Mercury, 1996. Righteous Love, Interscope, 2000. How Sweet It Is, Compendia, 2002. One of Us, Artemis, 2005. Christmas Means Love, Time Life, 2005. Pretty Little Stranger, Vanguard, 2006. Breakfast in Bed, Time Life, 2007. Little Wild One, Time Life, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Albany Times Union, October 12, 2000, p. 16; August 2, 2001, p. 18. Billboard, January 14, 1995; March 31, 2007, p. 10. Entertainment Weekly, December 29, 1995; February 2, 1996; September 15, 2000, p. 77. Newsweek, September 22, 2003, p. 85. New York, June 3, 1996. New York Times, February 9, 1995; March 5, 1995; August 31, 2008, p. 20. Out, June 1996. Palm Beach Post, November 14, 2000, p. 3D. Philadelphia Inquirer, June 27, 1995. Pollstar, October 30, 1995. Q, June 1996. Request, February 1996. Rockpile, November 1995. Rocky Mountain News (Denver, CO), July 18, 2003, p. 16D. Rolling Stone, May 4, 1995; March 21, 1996. Sing Out!, Spring 2007, p. 147. Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN), August 1, 2003, p. 1E. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, October 17, 2002, p. 27. USA Today, December 4, 1996. Washington Post, December 19, 1995.

Online Popmatters, September 9, 2008, http://www.popmatters. com/pm/review/joan-osborne-little-wild-one (April 8, 2009). Additional information for this profile was provided by Mercury Records press materials, 1996. —Joanna Rubiner and Kelly Winters

Osborne • 135

C

ountry singer Kellie Pickler puts her heart into her music, telling stories through her songs of troubled family life, the death of loved ones, and relationship woes. Her honest singing and spirited delivery has appealed to listeners, who hear their own stories reflected in her songs. Pickler got her start in music as a contestant on the “American Idol” TV talent show.

Kellie Pickler

Pickler grew up in North Carolina, where she was steeped in a culture that appreciated country music; she dreamed of one day being a singer herself. Her early life was troubled; her mother abandoned Pickler and her father when the youngster was two, and her father, a convicted felon, was in jail much of the time. She was mainly raised by her paternal grandparents. Pickler told Eileen Finan in People, “My father did a lot of stupid things, but when I lived with him, I never had to do without. ѧ He’d make sure I went to bed with food in my stomach. When he was sober, he was a good person.” Pickler was devastated when her grandmother, whom she called “Mom,” died of lung cancer when she was only 15. “She was my best friend,” Pickler told Michelle Tauber in People. “The last thing she said to me was, ‘I love you. Be careful.’” Pickler also told Tauber, “After my grandma passed away, my dreams were all I had. I lived to accomplish them.”

Singer

Pickler’s break into music happened when she finished sixth on the 2006 season of the television talent show “American Idol,” and followed it up with a tour. At the age of only 20, she signed with Sony BMG Nashville. Pickler’s debut album, Small Town Girl, debuted at number one on Billboard’s Top Country Albums chart in November of 2006. It was also nominated for a 2007 Country Music Association Award. Hits from the album included “Red High Heels,” “I Wonder,” and “Things that Never Cross a Man’s Mind.” Even though none of the songs were radio hits, the album sold nearly one million copies, simply through word-of-mouth and sales to fans of “American Idol.”

AP Images

In 2006 Pickler’s father was released from jail, but went back to prison in 2007. Pickler, who had tried to help her father start a new life, was devastated. She told Finan, “I thought, ‘Wow, here we go again.’” In the fall of 2007, Pickler had a stormy breakup from her thenboyfriend, hockey player Jordin Tootoo. This, combined with her disappointment over her father, led to a deep depression.

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Pickler was also upset about her mother’s long-ago decision to abandon her; she missed having a parent who cared about her and who was interested in her life. She told Finan “I’ve never come off stage and had my mom or dad say, ‘That was so amazing!’” But, she added, “I accept the things I cannot change: I’ll never have a relationship with her or the relationship with my father that I want.”

For the Record . . .

B

orn on June 28, 1986, in Albemarle, NC; raised by

her paternal grandparents, Clyde Pickler Sr. and

Faye Pickler. Came in sixth in TV talent show “American Idol,” 2006; released Small Town Girl, 2006; released Kellie Pickler, 2008. Awards: Three CMT Awards, for Breakthrough Video, Best Tearjerker Video, and Performance of the Year, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Sony BMG Nashville, 1400 18th Ave., South Nashville, TN 37212. Web

ask her. It starts off with ‘Sometimes I think about you and I wonder if you’re thinking about me.’” She told Price, “I have a mom that is out there that left me. How do you leave your child?” Pickler won three Country Music Television (CMT) awards in 2008. She won the Breakthrough Video award for “I Wonder,” Best Tearjerker Video for the same song, and Performance of the Year for her appearance on the 41st annual Country Music Association Awards in 2007. Pickler told Ian Spelling of New Jersey’s Bergen County Record that even if her fame disappeared tomorrow, that would be okay, because that’s not why she writes songs: “If there’s only one person that buys your record and your song has changed their life, that’s enough. That’s just my way of looking at it. I’m not a competitive person. I just love music. I’ll write until the day I die.”

site—Kellie Pickler Official Web site, http://www. kelliepickler.com/.

Selected discography She kept busy with her work, and even put her feelings into a song, “Somebody to Love Me.” Soon after, she met Nashville producer Kyle Jacobs, who wrote two more songs with her, and with whom she also began a relationship. She told Finan that he was loving and supportive, and remarked, “I’m happier than I’ve ever been.” Those two songs, as well as others, went into her next album, Kellie Pickler, released in 2008. Unlike the first album, which was rushed into production during Pickler’s Idol tour, this one was given more time and thought. Pickler told Ken Tucker in Billboard that the album was “a lot more ‘me’ because we had to time to make it ‘me.’” Sony BMG Nashville chairman Joe Galante told Tucker, “There’s no doubt Kellie has put more of herself in this record. ѧ You get to see many sides of her.” Tucker praised the album, calling it “another solid step toward country stardom.” One song on the album that gained a lot of attention was “I Wonder,” in which Pickler wonders where her mother is and what it would have been like to grow up with a loving mom. She told Mark Price in the Charlotte Observer, “I wrote every question that I could think of to

Small Town Girl, Sony BMG Nashville, 2007. Kellie Pickler, Sony BMG Nashville, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, November 11, 2006, p. 81; March 10, 2007, p. 46; September 13, 2008, p. 59; October 4, 2008, p. 49. Charlotte Observer, October 27, 2006, p. NA. Houston Chronicle, October 19, 2008, p. 5. People, November 13, 2006, p. 89; October 20, 2008, p. 77. Atlanta Journal-Constitution, September 24, 2008, p. E1. Record (Bergen County, NJ), January 18, 2008, p. G12. Richmond Times-Dispatch (Richmond, VA), July 26, 2007, p. NA. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, May 6, 2007, p. F3. World Entertainment News Network, April 15, 2008, p. NA.

Online Kellie Pickler Official Web site, http://www.kelliepickler.com/ (April 8, 2009). —Kelly Winters

Pickler • 137

T

Pussycat Dolls

he Pussycat Dolls started out as a lounge club dance act, performing on Hollywood’s famed Sunset Strip. In 2003 the troupe was revamped into an R&B/pop music group and found immediate success with the release of its sassy 2005 debut album, PCD, which included the number one bump-and-grind Pop 100 single “Don’t Cha.” PCD sold some eight million copies worldwide. Of the 12 tracks, six were released as singles, including the ballad “Stickwitu,” which earned a Grammy Award nomination. In 2008 the Pussycat Dolls released a follow-up, Doll Domination, which debuted at number four on the Billboard 200 despite reviews from critics who generally agreed that the second album did not measure up to the group’s first release. Founded as Dance Troupe

Pop group

The Pussycat Dolls were the brainchild of Hollywood choreographer Robin Antin. In the early 1990s, Antin had the idea to create a contemporary performance troupe in the style of a classic early twentieth-century burlesque stage show. She received support from her friend and housemate Christina Applegate. In 1993 Antin and Applegate assembled a group of dancers to

Bruce Gifford/filmMagic/Getty Images

138 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Carmit Bachar (born in 1974

in Los Angeles, CA; left group in 2008), vocals;

Ashley Roberts (born in 1981 in Phoenix, AZ), vocals; Nicole Scherzinger (born in 1978 in Honolulu, HI), lead vocals; Jessica Sutta (born in 1982 in Miami, FL), vocals; Melody Thornton (born in 1984 in Phoenix, AZ), vocals; Kimberly Wyatt (born in 1982 in Warrensburg, MO), vocals. Founded as a Los Angeles-based burlesque dance troupe, 1993; performed weekly at Johnny Depp’s Viper Room club, Hollywood, 1995-2001; revamped a

was that we’d have numbers where we’d just sing, and then we’d have numbers where we’d just dance, and then we’d have celebrity guests who would sing and we’d dance behind them,” Sutta told Baca. The group gained notoriety in 1995 when Johnny Depp brought them to his famed Hollywood Viper Room club and booked them for a weekly show. The Dolls performed there for six years. In those first years, the Pussycat Dolls were joined by many stars, including Pamela Anderson, Christina Aguilera, Eva Longoria, Paris Hilton, Scarlett Johansson and Carmen Electra. By the early 2000s they had become a cult hit. In 1999 Playboy ran a feature on the troupe, and MTV and VH1 began calling upon members to appear in television specials. In 2003 several of the Pussycat Dolls appeared in Charlie’s Angels: Full Throttle.

dance troupe into a pop act, 2003; released debut album, PCD, 2005; toured with Black Eyed Peas and

Transitioned into Pop Act

Rihanna, 2006-07; released Doll Domination, 2008. Awards: Billboard Music Awards: top-selling R&B/hiphop Single of the Year, Hot Dance Music/club Single of the Year, for “Don’t Cha,” 2005; MTV Video Music Awards: Best Dance Video, for “Buttons,” 2006; Best Dancing in a Video, Video of the Year, for “When I Grow Up,” 2008. Addresses: Record company—Interscope Records, c/o Universal Music Group, 1755 Broadway, New York, NY 10019. Web site—Pussycat Dolls Official Web site: http://www.pcdmusic.com.

try out the idea. They drew on friends and acquaintances who had danced in music videos or concert tours and began rehearsing in Antin’s converted garage/ dance studio. The idea was to form a live singing and dancing troupe that would perform alongside Hollywood film and music celebrities. The dance troupe would remain constant, while the celebrities rolled in and out. Strutting around in fishnets, bustiers and feather boas, the Pussycat Dolls performed exotic routines to cabaret-type musical numbers and classic pop hits, covering such songs as Nancy Sinatra’s 1960s hit “These Boots Are Made For Walkin’.” “People didn’t understand the concept at first, but when they actually saw us, they got it,” Jessica Sutta told the Denver Post’s Ricardo Baca. Before joining the Pussycat Dolls, Sutta was the team captain for the Miami Heat dancers. “The whole concept, back in the day,

Another early fan included Gwen Stefani, singer of the rock band No Doubt. In 2003 Stefani introduced the Pussycat Dolls to Interscope Records. Music producers with Interscope liked the idea of converting the troupe into a pop act, even if it meant an entirely new lineup. The Pussycat Dolls put out a casting call to major metropolitan areas, including New York, Miami and Las Vegas. According to Richard Harrington of the Washington Post, Stefani told Rolling Stone, “We’re looking for really, really hot girls—insanely beautiful girls with beautiful voices. We’re looking for a triple threat, or at least a double. They have to really, really sing and really, really dance.” Only one original member, Los Angeles native Carmit Bachar, was invited to join the new pop rendition of the group. The daughter of dancers, Bachar had spent several years as a member of the U.S. national gymnastics team, competing in rhythm gymnastics. Bachar was joined by Nicole Scherzinger, who was tapped to be the lead singer. Scherzinger entered the spotlight in 2001 when she earned a role on the reality television show Popstars and became a member of the group Eden’s Crush. Born in 1978, Scherzinger—who is of Hawaiian, Filipino and Russian descent—spent her first six years in Hawaii, where her mother performed hula dances and her grandmother sang in Polynesian shows. Scherzinger’s mother was just 18 when she was born, and her father quickly left the picture. Speaking to Louise Gannon of London’s Mail on Sunday, Scherzinger acknowledged that she was “cripplingly shy” in her younger years, though she enjoyed singing and acting in school plays. “I come from a very religious, strict upbringing in Hawaii. My grandfather is a preacher. The first time I saw one of the stage outfits I had to wear for the Pussycat Dolls I screamed.” Her mother married and the family ended up in Louisville,

Pussycat Dolls • 139

Kentucky. Scherzinger attended Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio, studying theater and dance, then took a break from her studies to sing backup vocals for Days of the New.

looking for or what our sound was going to be. What hit it off is when we found ‘Don’t Cha’ and realized we had a spark, an essence, something different, something raw that represented the Pussycat Dolls.”

Scherzinger ended up on Popstars, singing for the girl-group Eden’s Crush, an experience she would rather forget. “I was the one nobody liked and there was nothing I could do to stop that. Maybe it was because I was the pretty one,” Scherzinger told Gannon, noting that the other singers thought she was cranky and overly ambitious. “They would all say things about me, both to my face and behind my back. Every day I was in that band I cried my eyes out. The band was meant to be fun and frivolous but the reality was that it was miserable.” During the band’s short run, Eden’s Crush managed to produce a number one hit on the Canadian singles chart, 2001’s “Get Over Yourself.”

In the end, the manufactured music collective came up with several songs that lit up the radio. In 2005 the Pussycat Dolls released a pop-filled, R&B-influenced album called PCD. The album’s catchy single “Don’t Cha” went straight to number one on the Pop 100 chart with its cutting chorus: “Don’t cha wish your girlfriend was hot like me? Don’t cha wish your girlfriend was a freak like me?” In sum, the album produced six singles, including the slower ballad “Stickwitu,” which hit number one on the UK Singles chart, along with “Don’t Cha.” With some hits in hand, the Pussycat Dolls hit the road in 2006, touring with the Black Eyed Peas.

Besides Scherzinger and Bachar, the new Pussycat Dolls’ lineup included Phoenix native Ashley Roberts, who was inspired to enter the music industry by her father, a drummer. Roberts began dancing as a child and moved to Los Angeles after high school. Before joining the Dolls, she had danced in several commercials and appeared in a video for the Counting Crows. Another Phoenix native, Melody Thornton, also joined at this time. Thornton, of Latina and African-American descent, grew up singing backup vocals for local Phoenix artists and had performing in her blood. A grandmother sang in a mariachi band, one of her grandfathers was a blues guitarist, and her mother was a dancer. Sutta was also recruited. She grew up in Miami and dreamed of becoming a professional ballet dancer. As a teen, she injured both knees and turned to theater, though she later recovered her health and joined the Miami Heat dancers. The six-woman Dolls’ lineup was rounded out by Kimberly Wyatt. Born in Missouri, Wyatt began dancing as a child and spent her summer vacations in New York studying dance at such places as the Joffrey Ballet School and the Broadway Dance Center. After a stint as a dancer for the Royal Caribbean cruise line, she ended up in Los Angeles and scored a gig dancing in a Nick Lachey video, where she met Antin, who was the video choreographer. Antin was drawn to Wyatt and asked her to join the Pussycat Dolls.

In late 2006 and early 2007, the Dolls took their highenergy song and dance routine on a world tour with Rihanna, performing in Europe and Asia. After the group performed in Malaysia, tour organizers were fined for violating decency laws. Likewise, the Pussycat Dolls’ videos garnered attention for flaunting the performers’ sexuality. Writing in the Washington Post, Harrington wrote, “In the much-exposed video for ”Don’t Cha,“ the multiculti crew vamps in barely there miniskirts and bare midriffs, shaking their collective booties and strutting their assets with delicious abandon.” In 2008 Bachar left the group and a few months later the Pussycat Dolls released Doll Domination, a 16song R&B album filled with several dance tracks. Like the Dolls’ previous album, most songs included plenty of attitude and flirtatious lyrics, but at the same time, some were a bit more sentimental. Doll Domination included “When I Grow Up,” a breathy song about the quest for fame, and “Bottle Pop,” which featured the rapper Snoop Dog. A review by Margeaux Watson in Entertainment Weekly gave the album a C+. Watson lamented the group’s lack of collective talent and called the Dolls more of a “brand” than a “band.” Nonetheless, Watson wrote, “the Dolls’ formula occasionally works. Scherzinger’s supple vocals are paired here with beats by A-list producers (Polow Da Don, Timbaland), resulting in a radio-friendly mix of vampy anthems, sultry midtempo grooves, and sappy ballads.” With 16 tracks, though, the formula wore thin, Watson noted. Doll Diplomacy

Produced Several Snappy Singles With Scherzinger as the lead vocalist and the other members on backup, the Pussycat Dolls began working with producers including Timbaland, Sean Garrett and Polow Da Don, in an effort to find their groove. According to Harrington, Scherzinger admitted that she had no idea what direction the group would take. “To be honest, at the beginning we didn’t know what we were

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As the Pussycat Dolls gained notoriety, the group’s fan base grew to include young adolescent girls. This caused a controversy between those who saw the Dolls as a symbol of “girl power” and those who viewed the Dolls as a step back for the feminist movement. Hasbro had agreed to manufacture a line of dolls based on each member of the pop act, but many parents protested that such racy dolls should not be marketed to young girls. Initially, Hasbro intended that

the dolls would compete with the Bratz line. However, following an intense letter-writing campaign by the advocacy group Dads and Daughters, Hasbro scrapped the plan. While some feminists complained that the Dolls and their sex-symbol imagery provided a step backward for women, others have said the group is empowering. Speaking to Edward Wyatt of the New York Times, the Dolls’ founder defended the group: “There’s a reason why people like Scarlett Johansson, Gwen Stefani, Cameron Diaz have all been so interested in what Pussycat Dolls is all about,” Antin said. “They feel that it is empowering to get up there and dress up like a Doll. It’s fun, and it’s something that every girl in the world—she may think one thing, but I think inside, every girl in the world wants to do it.”

Selected discography Singles “Don’t Cha,” A&M, 2005. “Stickwitu,” Universal, 2005. “Beep,” Universal International, 2006. “Buttons,” A&M, 2006. “When I Grow Up,” Interscope, 2008. “Bottle Pop,” Interscope, 2009.

Albums PCD, A&M, 2005. Doll Domination, Interscope, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Advertising Age, October 27, 2003, p. 3. Denver Post, May 19, 2006, p. FF-01. Entertainment Weekly, September 26, 2008, p. 94. Mail on Sunday (London, England), November 11, 2007, p. 12. New York Times, May 26, 2006, p. C8; March 5, 2007, p. E3; September 22, 2008, p. E3. Washington Post, April 21, 2006, p. T06.

Online “Hanging Out With The Pussycat Dolls Is Every Man’s Dream and Every Green-Eyed Woman’s Nighmare,” Sun, http:// www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/showbiz/sftw/ article1620297.ece (March 18, 2009). “Pussycat Dolls: Melody, Kimberly, Nicole, Jessica, Ashley,” Pussycat Dolls Official Web site, http://www.pcdmusic. com/Bio (March 18, 2009). —Lisa Frick

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O

ne of hip-hop’s most enduring artists, rapper Q-Tip is best-known for his work with the groundbreaking group A Tribe Called Quest. Recognized as one of the first hip-hop acts to meld the sounds of rap and jazz, A Tribe Called Quest, fronted by MC Q-Tip, became one of the most influential rap voices of the early 1990s, bringing messages of social consciousness and change to legions of devoted fans. Following a period of critical and popular success with A Tribe Called Quest, Q-Tip has established himself as an equally notable solo musician. With two solo releases under his belt, 1999’s Amplified and 2008’s The Renaissance, Q-Tip continues to be recognized as a musical pioneer and an inspiration to artists such as Outkast, Jill Scott, and Kanye West.

Q-Tip

Pioneered Modern Hip Hop Born Jonathan Davis on April 10, 1970, in New York City, Q-Tip developed a close relationship with music in his earliest years. Growing up in Queens, Q-Tip—who took his moniker from the name of that borough—lived in a home filled with the sounds of jazz, blues, and the then-new genre of hip-hop. Speaking to Leonardo DiCaprio in Interview, the artist recalled that “music was just always all around. It wasn’t like I grew up wanting to get into music—it was just an everyday thing in my life.” Soon, Q-Tip’s childhood friend Phife Dawg (Malik Taylor) introduced the future MC to street rhyming, and the two honed their skills on New York’s subways and street corners. While attending Manhattan’s Murray Bergtraum High School for Business Careers, the nascent MC founded the groundbreaking hip-hop group A Tribe Called Quest alongside classmates Phife, Ali Shaheed Muhammad, and Jarobi White. Q-Tip soon became co-front man of the group, and their early recordings attracted the attention of numerous record executives. The group chose to sign with Jive Records, a label known for its commitment to the hip-hop genre, and released its first album, People’s Instinctive Travels and the Paths of Rhythm, in 1990.

Taylor Hill/FilmMagic/Getty Images

Rap musician

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Word of mouth helped the album gain a large, if underground, following, and songs such as “I Left My Wallet in El Segundo” and “Can I Kick It?” placed A Tribe Called Quest at the forefront of the hip-hop scene. Q-Tip made guest appearances on songs including Dee-Lite’s wildly popular “Groove is in the Heart,” and A Tribe Called Quest appeared together on albums by fellow New York hip-hop groups De La Soul and the Jungle Brothers. Along with these two acts, A Tribe Called Quest was an integral part of what became known as the Native Tongues collective, a loose coalition of hip-hop artists who supported the efforts of others in order to sustain the creative integrity of hiphop. Dmitri Ehrlich noted in another Interview article that “[A Tribe Called Quest] emerged as part of a movement toward bohemian intellectual artiness in hiphop that was as matter-of-fact and down-to-earth as it was exploratory and experimental.” This experimenta-

For the Record . . .

B

orn Jonathan Davis in 1970 in Harlem, New York

City, NY; changed name to Kamaal Ibn John Fa-

reed upon conversion to Islam, c.1996. Co-founded A Tribe Called Quest, 1984; released People’s Instinctive Travels and the Paths of Rhythm, 1990; released Low Theory End Theory, 1991; made acting debut in Poetic Justice; released Midnight Mauraders, 1993; Beats, Rhymes, and Life, 1996; released final A Tribe Called Quest album, The Love Movement, 1998; initiated solo career with Amplified, 1999; The Renaissance, 2008. Addresses:

Record

company—Universal

Motown,

1755 Broadway, New York, NY 10019, Web site: http://www.universalmotown.com. Web site—Q-Tip Official Web site: http://www.qtiponline.com/.

tion reached what many considered its artistic apex on the group’s second album, 1991’s Low End Theory. Combining sounds like those found in Q-Tip’s childhood home, Low End Theory was the first hip-hop album to successfully meld jazz and soul with the contemporary sounds of rap music. Two years later, the follow-up album Midnight Marauders expanded on the musicality of its predecessor with highly acclaimed results. In the years that followed, both albums were widely acknowledged as hip-hop classics. As the genre’s focus shifted from the playful, socially aware hip-hop rhymes of A Tribe Called Quest to the grittier sounds of gangsta rap, the group was no longer on hip-hop’s cutting edge. Both albums released in the second half of the 1990s—1996’s Beats, Rhymes, and Life and 1998’s The Love Movement—won smaller audiences and less critical esteem. Oliver Wang observed in Baker’s Biographical Dictionary of Popular Musicians Since 1990 that “by the time The Love Movement was released, Tribe was treated as hasbeens, lumbering musical dinosaurs who had been overtaken by a new species of hip-hop.” Tensions within the group soon led to its official disbandment, and Q-Tip turned his attention to new endeavors.

by critics and fans alike. In Rolling Stone, Jenny Eliscu commented, “Is it even conceivable that Q-Tip, formerly of one of hip-hop’s all-time most innovative groups ѧ could release a solo album anything less than brilliant?” Led by the singles “Vivrant Thing” and “Breathe and Stop,” the album ultimately achieved gold-selling status and firmly established Q-Tip as an artist able to hold his own as a solo performer. Hard on the heels of the success of Amplified, Q-Tip returned to the studio to record an intended second solo release, Kamaal the Abstract—from the name the rapper had taken on his mid-1990s conversion to Islam, Kamaal Ibn John Fareed, and from his longtime nickname, The Abstract Poetic. Speaking to Christina Saraceno in Rolling Stone, Q-Tip explained that Kamaal the Abstract “is music I always wanted to create, something that allows me to explore all sides of myself. You can’t name something after yourself unless it represents a part of you.” Early pressings of the album received mixed reviews from critics, and Kamaal the Abstract’s release date received the first of many delays. The artist himself began a unintentionally lengthy hiatus marked by numerous unreleased albums and label changes. Shortly before a planned 2002 release of Kamaal the Abstract, the artist’s thenlabel Arista officially pulled the plug, claiming that the LP lacked a suitably commercial song to promote as a single. Despite this action, the album became recognized as something of a lost classic. Advance copies of the album circulated on the Internet, and critics began to retrospectively hail the album for its innovation and eclecticism. John Bush of All Music Guide summed up the album by saying it “wasn’t the kind of record that lights up the charts ѧ but in many ways it’s superior to the released Amplified.” By 2007, Q-Tip had purchased rights to the album from Arista, where it had languished since the record company pulled its release, and began performing songs from it live; soon, he announced plans to at last formally unveil the album. However, these plans did not translate into reality, and Kamaal the Abstract maintains its semi-legendary unreleased role. In 2004 A Tribe Called Quest re-formed for unabashedly financial reasons, with Q-Tip reprising his role as co-front man. The group began writing and recording new material, and set out on the road to play series of dates in 2006. The following year, Q-Tip and rapper Common began writing and recording together under the name The Standard; however, this partnership also did not produce a commercial release.

Brought Musical Eclecticism to Solo Work

Called For a Hip-Hop Renaissance

After A Tribe Called Quest disbanded in 1998, Q-Tip embarked on what would prove to be an artistically rich solo career. His first solo album, Amplified, hit the streets in late 1999 and was enthusiastically received

Instead, Q-Tip unveiled The Renaissance in 2008, a musical and lyrical continuation of the artist’s historic fusion of hip-hop, jazz, and rhyme. The Renaissance quickly won widespread critical acclaim for its innova-

Q-Tip • 143

tive lyricism and musical diversity. Writing in Newsweek, Seth Colter Wells applauded “Q-Tip’s desire to create music that lasts,” as can perhaps be expected from a musician who began his career by rejecting easy commercial success. Q-Tip spoke to DiCaprio about the slow decline of hip-hop into commercialism and the need for the creative rebirth referenced in his second album’s title. “I think it’s pretty evident ѧ that hip-hop is definitely not as good as it once was.ѧ Everybody’s talking about the state of hip-hop, because we cherish it so, and it’s brought us all so many great memories, and there’s a youth audience and culture. So all of us who are doing it now can take it, salvage it, and do something innovative with it to take it forward.” Indeed, this mission seems to largely define Q-Tip’s life and art. From his beginnings with A Tribe Called Quest and Native Tongues through his mature and admittedly more traditional work of the twenty-first century, the MC has continually called for hip-hop to push the boundaries of what it can be, by incorporating new sounds and new ideas to create innovative and artistically rich music.

Selected discography Solo albums Amplified, Arista, 1999. Kamaal the Abstract (unreleased), 2002. The Renaissance, Universal Motown, 2008.

With A Tribe Called Quest People’s Instinctive Travels and the Paths of Rhythm, Jive, 1990. The Low End Theory, Jive, 1991. Midnight Marauders, Jive, 1993.

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Beats, Rhymes, & Life, Jive, 1996. The Love Movement, Jive, 1998.

With others (With Deee-Lite) “Groove is in the Heart,” Elektra, 1991.

Sources Books Wang, Oliver, Baker’s Biographical Dictionary of Popular Musicians Since 1990, Schirmer Reference, 2004.

Periodicals Billboard, August 6, 2005, p. 28; January 27, 2007, p. 51. Entertainment Weekly, February 5, 2005, p. 134. Interview, August 1998, p. 36; April 2008, p. 126. Newsweek, January 12, 2009, p. 60.

Online “In Brief: Q-Tip, Ashanti,” Rolling Stone, http://www. rollingstone.com (April 20, 2009). “Kamaal the Abstract [Not Released],” All Music Guide, http:// www.allmusic.com (April 20, 2009). “Q-Tip,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 20, 2009). “Q-Tip and Common Form New Group, The Standard,” XXL, http://www.xxlmag.com (April 23, 2009). “Q-Tip Gets Abstract,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone. com (April 20, 2009). “Q-Tip Ushering In Creative ‘Renaissance’,” Billboard, http:// www.billboard.com (April 20, 2009). “This Week’s Featured Releases: Q-Tip, GNR,” Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone.com (April 20, 2009). —Vanessa Vaughn

T

hroughout his multi-decade career Kenny Rankin has brought a mellow, velvety touch to jazz, folk, Brazilian, Afro-Cuban and pop standards alike. One of the first soft rock performers, he is best remembered for his numerous appearances on Johnny Carson’s Tonight Show. The New York native is also a respected songwriter whose compositions have been covered by artists as diverse as Rick Nelson, Carmen McRae, Mel Torme, Helen Reddy, and Stephen Bishop.

Kenny Rankin

A well-respected entertainer in a live concert setting, he often takes the stage armed with only a gut-stringed classical guitar and his quick, engaging wit. A passionate personality, he communicates directly to the audience with an intensity that few performers of his ilk can muster. Describing his interpretive method, he told The Maui News,“I don’t know what my style is. When I do a song I read the story, and if it resonates with me then the music is affected by the emotion or the way I feel about this picture in the eye of my heart. ѧ I just take liberties. I don’t mean to rewrite them, I’m interpreting.” Early fan of American Bandstand

Singer, songwriter

Details of Rankin’s early years have been deliberately made scarce by the artist himself. On an episode of the Mike Douglas Show, the singer-songwriter once told the host that he didn’t tell his age or talk about his family background because it would somehow distract from his music. Yet, several sources, including Rolling Stone, have stated that Rankin was born on February 10, 1940, in New York City, although Rankin’s telling of events often raises conflicts.

Andrew Lepley/Redferns/Getty Images

The artist grew up in Washington Heights, a predominantly Latin section of New York, which proved to be a rough neighborhood. A troubled kid, Rankin’s love of music was encouraged by his mother. He also received important encouragement from his fourth grade teacher, Isabel Pringle, who picked him to sing “Oh Holy Night” for his school Christmas play. In his Verve Records bio, Rankin recalled what happened after he sang: “[The teacher] came over and patted me on the head and said, ‘Kenneth, that was lovely.’ And she sent me on the path of music that I find myself on today.” Like many teenagers of the 1950s and 1960s, Rankin watched Dick Clark’s American Bandstand and ached to record. When he was about 16, he auditioned for a vocal coach named Al Seigel. Seigel introduced him to an MCA agent named Bobby Brenner, who got him signed to Decca Records, where he first recorded “Cindy Lou, My Cinderella” and several other unsuccessful sides, such as “My Popular Baby” and “Have Pity Miss Kitty.” In later interviews, Rankin recalled turning down a chance to record “Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini,” which became a novelty smash for Brian Hyland in 1960. During that era, Rankin dabbled in songwriting with fellow New Yorker Dion DiMucci, whose group the

Rankin • 145

For the Record . . .

B

orn on February 10, 1940, in New York, NY.

married; wife’s name Yvonne; three children.

Singer, songwriter, guitarist, concert artist. Recorded for

cash playing guitar on Bob Dylan’s first rock album, Bringing It all Back Home (1965). “I played on ‘Maggie’s Farm’ and ‘Subterranean Homesick Blues’ and a couple of others,” he told PortFolio Weekly. “I played rhythm. He had established himself as Bob Dylan, and we all loved what he did, so it was interesting. Of course, I didn’t realize the enormity it would bring.”

Decca Records, 1957-1960; signed with Columbia, 1964-65; worked as session guitarist on Bob Dylan’s album Bring It all Back Home, 1965; recorded for Mercury, Little David, and Atlantic, 1967-1980; appeared many times on Johnny Carson’s Tonight Show, appeared on The Midnight Special, The Mike Douglas Show, and The Alan Hamel Show, 1970s; appeared on Broadway with comedian Robert Klein, 1981; recorded for Cyrpress, Chesky, Private Music, Velvel, Rankin Music, Image, and Verve, 1991-2002. Addresses: Booking—Variety Artists, Bob Engel, e-mail: [email protected], phone: 1-805-545-5550, Web site: http://www.umgnashville.com. Management— Bob

Avnet

Management,

e-mail:

Shelley@

AvnetManagement.com, phone: 818-260-9101. Web site—Kenny Rankin Official Web site: http://www. kennyrankin.com.

Belmonts enjoyed a string of rock’n’roll classics such as “I Wonder Why” and “A Teenager in Love.” Dion— who co-wrote “Where Did My Little Girl Go?” with Rankin—introduced his friend to producer Robert Mersey, who encouraged Rankin to explore his potential as a songwriter and helped him secure a publishing contract. Despite a raging amphetamine habit, the ever prolific Rankin wrote “My Carousel” for Carmen McRae and “Happy Guy” for Rick Nelson. Rankin didn’t play guitar until he was 24 years old. He told All About Jazz, “I was singing in a group and Don Costa was at the Landmark Hotel at the time, writing charts for Sinatra or Mathis. ѧ Don played classical guitar, and they played this recording of Joao [Gilberto] and I said, ‘whoa.’ I bought a 50-dollar guitar, I quit the band and I went home.” A quick study, Rankin’s newfound love of the guitar helped him refine both his songwriting and singing styles. In addition, his newfound skills allowed him to participate in a bit of rock history. Appeared Frequently On The Tonight Show Recording for Columbia, Rankin befriended producer Tom Wilson, who asked if he’d like to earn some extra

146 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Rankin’s style was also reshaped in part by his friendship with singer-songwriter Laura Nyro. “She had, and still has, a great influence on my music and the way I write and play,” he told Michael Kort, author of Soul Picnic: The Music and Passion of Laura Nyro. After several failed singles for Columbia, Rankin’s big break came when management of his career was taken over by Monte Kay and Jack Lewis, who also guided comedian Flip Wilson’s skyrocketing career. The duo not only booked the singer on shows with the popular comic, but secured a contract with Mercury Records to record albums. At roughly the same time, after Rankin sent a demo tape to Tonight Show orchestra leader Skitch Henderson, who preceded Doc Severinson, he began receiving frequent bookings on Johnny Carson’s New York-based late-night program. Often called at the last minute when another guest would drop out, Rankin recalled appearing about 20 times on Carson’s show. Rankin’s self-penned ditty “Peaceful” received a generous amount of airplay, especially in New York, and many later credited the song as the start of the soft rock movement. Meanwhile, the singer’s drug habit escalated out of control, affecting his work and eventually forcing him to seek help. The habit would not die easily. “I made some really bad choices with drugs and alcohol along the way,” he told The Maui News. “I survived myself. I went through a couple of rehabs. For the most part, I put hard drugs away in 1981.” Recorded for numerous labels Never a major record seller, Rankin did write songs that ended up as hits for other artists. Helen Reddy scored a number 12 pop hit with her 1973 version of “Peaceful” and Stephen Bishop peaked at number 11 with his sensitive 1977 rendition of “On and On.” As a recording artist, Rankin’s strongest works of the period were produced for Atlantic Records and its subsidiary, Little David, which also featured the stronger selling works of Flip Wilson and counterculture comedian George Carlin. Balancing his delicate folk and jazz leanings with the sensibilities of the peace and love generation, he briefly found a niche with the rock press. “Rankin imparts a serenity to songs as stylistically opposed as ‘Blackbird’ and ‘People Get Ready,’” wrote Rolling Stone about 1975’s Silver Morning. “In these, as in most everything Rankin has written and recorded, the intention is to communicate a peaceful sentimentality.”

Even better received was the 1976 Don Costaproduced followup, The Kenny Rankin Album. Daniel J. Levitin wrote in The Encyclopedia of Record Producers, “The owner of one of the most liquid, velvety voices this side of Mel Torme, Rankin is a poor judge of material. But that Costa-Rankin collaboration produced an album with no bad choices and soaringly beautiful performances.” The Little David label went out of business during the late 1970s and Rankin’s final major label album of the era—another collaboration with Costa—was recorded for Atlantic. Rankin, who often guested on albums by other artists, didn’t record another solo set until 1991. Then, in a relative flurry of activity during the 1990s, he recorded for Cypress, Chesky, Private Music, Velvel, and his own Rankin Music label. Although he clearly embraced a progressively stronger jazz tone, he was loathe to be pigeonholed as a jazz singer, even though he was considered to be in that category by Scott Yanow, author of The Jazz Singers: The Ultimate Guide. After recording a live CD/DVD for Image in 2001, Rankin latched on with Verve for his jazziest set yet, the Tommy LiPuma and Al Schmidt-produced A Song For You. Cutting tunes as diverse as George and Ira Gershwin’s “The Way You Look Tonight” and the Beatles’ “I’ve Just Seen a Face,” the singer effortlessly proved that none of his interpretive gifts had diminished one iota. Buoyed by strong reviews, the disc became a top ten jazz album. Rankin’s loyal fan base and his reputation for making each concert unique has ensured that he can tour whenever he likes. “Performing and singing in front of a live audience is the safest place I know,” he told The Maui News. “And there’s no audience too small. Many years ago, I realized it was all about the work. If you’re given the privilege of being able to sing and play in front of a live audience, any size, it’s about the audience who has invited me into their evening.”

Selected discography Mind-Dusters, Mercury, 1967. Family, Mercury, 1970. Like a Seed, Atlantic, 1972. Inside, Little David, 1975. Kenny Rankin Album, Little David, 1976. After the Roses, Atlantic, 1980. Hiding in Myself, Cypress, 1991.

Because of You, Chesky, 1991. Professional Dreamer, Private Music, 1994. Peaceful: The Best of Kenny Rankin, Rhino, 1996. Here in My Heart, Private Music, 1997. Bottom Line Encore Collection [live], Velvel, 1999. Christmas, Rankin Music, 1999. Haven’t We Met?, Image, 2001. A Song for You, Verve, 2002.

Sources Books Kort, Michael, Soul Picnica: The Music and Passion of Laura Nyro, Thomas Dunne Books / St. Martin’s Press, 2002. Olsen, Eric, Paul Verna, and Carlo Wolff, The Encyclopedia of Record Producers, Billboard Books, 1999. Yanow, Scott, The Jazz Singers: The Ultimate Guide, Backbeat Books, 2008.

Periodicals Rolling Stone, October 12, 1972, p. 16; April 10, 1975, p. 70; May 5, 1977, p. 68.

Online “Biography,” Kenny Rankin.com, http://www.kennyrankin. com/bio.html (May 21, 2009). “Kenny Rankin,”All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com/ cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11gifixqy5Idke (May 21, 2009). “Kenny Rankin,” Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb. com/name/nm0710269/ (May 21, 2009). “Kenny Rankin,” RCS Artist Discography, http://www.rcs.law. emory.edu/rcs/artists/r/rank1000.htm, (May 25, 2009). “Kenny Rankin, A Song For You,”Jazz Review.com, http:// www.jazzreview.com/articleprint.cfm?ID=1150 (May 21, 2009). “Kenny Rankin, By Himself,”PortFolio/Jim Newsom.com, http://www.jimnewsome.com/PFW-KennyRankin.html, (May 23, 2009). “Kenny Rankin, From the Heart,”All About Jazz, http://www. allaboutjazz.com/php/article_print.php?if=1076. (May 21, 2009). “Kenny Rankin sings ‘this picture in the eye of my heart,” The Maui News, http://www.mauinews.com/page/content.detail/id/514818.html?nav=5014&showlayout=0, (May 23, 2009). “Kenny Rankin - Verve Records,”Verve Music Group, http:// www.vervemusicgroup.com/artist/default.aspx?aid=3028 (May 21, 2009). “The Robert Klein Show,”Internet Broadway Database, http:// www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=4391 (May 22, 2009). —Ken Burke

Rankin • 147

Musical Activists

Rise Against Punk band

C

hicago-based punk band Rise Against is no average punk band. Not just a furious roar, their music is melodic, with literate, politically charged lyrics, and their CDs include “suggested reading” in the liner notes, with titles including A People’s History of the United States and Brave New World. Lead singer Tim McIlrath told Mark Brown in Denver’s Rocky Mountain News that his music has always been inspired by the books he reads. When he was 15, he read books like 1984 by George Orwell, Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, and Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury. Ostensibly science fiction, these books all depict worlds where totalitarianism rules and the individual is regarded as a mere cog in the machine. McIlrath told Brown that at first he simply thought they were great stories, but then “you start to draw parallels to the real world and realize these authors are talking about the world they were living in and the world I’m living in.” At the time, he was already an avid fan of punk music, and the message of the books combined with the music made him feel that the music could serve the purpose of broadcasting ideas of personal freedom and integrity in an increasingly corporate-controlled world. He joined with drummer Brandon Barnes, bassist Joe Principe, and guitarist Zach Blair, who shared his views, and as they rose through the punk scene, they kept their political message going. Formed in 1999, the band began playing and touring, and they have never looked back.

148 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

In a review in the Missouri St. Joseph News-Press, Blake Hannon described their music: “The band delivers fast-paced, fist-pumping, mosh-inducing punk anthems enhanced by beefed-up production, big choruses and equal parts melody, energy and the ire of McIlrath’s fiercely shredded vocals.” However, he noted, “the band has never compromised their activist mindset.” All the members of the band are committed vegetarians, and the band supports the activist group PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals), known for its often controversial protests against animal abuse. All are fiercely against government corruption, war, and corporate control. They are also disappointed by punk bands that simply scream, without any political message. McIlrath told Bill Reed in the Colorado Springs Gazette that “punk rock is one of the last true sanctuaries of free speech. I personally find it depressing there are so many punk bands these days who aren’t talking about these issues.” The newspaper noted that their 2003 album, Revolutions Per Minute, gave a list of suggested reading in the liner notes along with the admonition, “Real revolution starts at learning. If you’re not angry, then you are not paying attention.” The band’s debut album, The Unraveling, featured McIlrath’s screaming vocals against a background of slamming guitars and drums. As the group progressed, political statements became more an integral part of the songs, and McIlrath toned down the screaming, saving it for particular moments. The group added some vocal harmonies and more intricate guitar parts, while steadfastly avoiding anything that would sound as if they were “selling out” to the mainstream. Their 2003 album, The Siren Song of the CounterCulture, went gold in Canada, something the band never thought would happen. McIlrath told Keith Carman in Park and Pipe that the band never knew they would be a group that “people would bother with, let alone care about. I’m glad we’ve just poured our hearts out from the get-go. It makes things feel so much better.” “You Can’t Close Your Eyes to It” In 2006 they released The Sufferer and the Witness. The album’s title, as McIlrath told Ryan Cooper in About.com: Punk Music, relates to the fact that because of the free flow of information in our society, we are witness to a great deal of suffering: “war, poverty, famine, environmental destruction.” McIlrath said the album asks listeners, “You are now a witness. You can’t close your eyes to it. What will you decide to do about it?” McIlrath told Brown that the band was very happy with the album: “We’ve never been more comfortable. We’ve finally figured out what we want out of a song,

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Brandon Barnes (drums);

Zach Blair (guitar); Tim McIlrath (vocals,

guitar), and Joe Principe (bass guitar). Formed in 1999; released The Unraveling, 2002; Revolutions Per Minute, 2003; Siren Song of the Counter-Culture, 2004; The Sufferer and The Wit-

mainstream typically doesn’t go out and buy that. It’s just comforting, too, that these bands can still do well, even though [these political issues] are not 100 percent comfortable for everyone to talk about.” The group is always on the lookout for ways to present their ideas to more people; as McIlrath told an interviewer from Rockvine, “We get our songs placed in everything from video games to movies to reach a broader audience, and it’s worked to attract more attention to what we are doing. We’re always trying to push the boundaries of where we belong or don’t belong.”

ness, 2006; Generation Lost (DVD), 2006; This is Noise 2008; Appeal to Reason, 2008.

Selected discography

Addresses: Record company—Geffen Records, 2220

The Unraveling, Geffen, 2002. Revolutions Per Minute, Geffen, 2003. Siren Song of the Counter-Culture, Geffen, 2004. The Sufferer and The Witness, Geffen, 2006. Generation Lost (DVD), Geffen, 2006. This is Noise (Digital EP), Geffen, 2008. Appeal to Reason, Geffen, 2008.

Colorado Ave., 4th flr, Santa Monica, CA 90404. Web site—Rise Againts Official Web site: http://www. riseagainst.com/.

out of a show, out of a record, out of a career.” The album debuted at number ten on the Billboard Top 200 chart.

Sources

In 2008 Rise Against released Appeal to Reason, which debuted at number three on the Billboard Top 200 album chart; it also spent a week in the number one position on the iTunes album chart. The single “Re-Education” was a top two hit on modern rock radio. The band went on tour with fellow punk band Rancid to support the album.

Gazette (Colorado Springs, CO), p. GO15. New York Times, October 13, 2008, p. C6. Park and Pipe, November 2005, p. 34. PR Newswire, March 6, 2009. Rocky Mountain News, July 21, 2006, p. 17D. St. Joseph News-Press (St. Joseph, MO), November 14, 2008, p. NA.

In 2009 Rise Against was tapped to contribute music to the video game “Guitar Hero.” The game allows players to perform as “virtual musicians” on tracks by their favorite musicians; fans are also able to download music that’s not available anywhere else. Rise Against wrote a song, “Death Blossoms,” exclusively for “Guitar Hero” players to download. When asked about the band’s success, drummer Brandon Barnes told Hannon: “Being a band like Rise Against, we never really strived to be a big band. ѧ The

Periodicals

Online “An Interview with Tim McIlrath of Rise Against,” About.com: PunkMusic, June 2006, http://www.punkmusic.about.com/ od/interviews/a/McIlrath.htm (April 8, 2009). “Rise Against: Interview with Tim McIlrath,” Rockvine, October 31, 2008, http://www.therockvine.com/blogs/Rise_ Against_With_Tim_McIlrath.html (April 8, 2009). Rise Against Official Web Site, http://www.riseagainst.com/ (April 8, 2009). —Kelly Winters

Rise Against • 149

A

s the lead singer of the band Hootie & the Blowfish, Darius Rucker was the voice and face of one of the most successful bands of the 1990s. The band’s debut album, Cracked Rear View, sold well over ten million copies, and by late 2008 had become the 13th-biggestselling album since the advent of electronic sales tracking. When the commercial fortunes of Hootie & the Blowfish began to fade, it seemed as though Rucker’s career as a singer might be in decline. But he roared back in 2008 with the history-making release of his solo album Learn to Live and its single “Don’t Think I Don’t Think About It”—the first number-one country single by an African-American solo artist since Charley Pride’s “Night Games” in 1983.

Darius Rucker

Born on May 13, 1966, in Charleston, South Carolina, Rucker grew up poor. At one point he lived with his mother, his grandmother, two of his mother’s sisters, and 13 other children in a three-bedroom house. But music was always a positive part of his life, first at home when he would sing and hold a broomstick as if it were a guitar, and then in school and church choirs. He heard his mother play records by the likes of soul vocalist Al Green, but country music was also an early influence. “Growing up in South Carolina, it was always around, always on the radio,” Rucker stated in his Web site biography. Rucker enjoyed and later tried to emulate the singing of Radney Foster, coming in early to the record store where he worked so that he could listen to the Foster & Lloyd record “Crazy Over You.” He was also influenced by artists from the entire country spectrum, from progressives like Lyle Lovett and the band New Grass Revival to hardcore traditionalists like Buck Owens and his disciple Dwight Yoakam.

Singer, songwriter

Developed Band Name from Friends

AP Images

Hootie & the Blowfish had their beginnings in 1986, when Rucker and fellow University of South Carolina student Mark Bryan began performing at bars around the university city of Columbia as the Wolf Brothers. After the duo added bassist Dean Felber, they began to bill themselves as Hootie & the Blowfish, two terms derived from playful nicknames the trio had given a pair of their classmates. When drummer and songwriter Jim Sonefeld joined the band, Hootie & the Blowfish began to forge the relaxed Southern-rock sound that made them famous, with Rucker’s gruff but pleasant baritone voice front and center.

150 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Rucker sometimes faced racial discrimination as the group built a following through tours of college town bars and fraternity houses. “We played a frat party in Tennessee about [1987], and during the gig we overheard someone in the audience say, ‘Y’all have a great band, even though you have a n-----r singer,’” Rucker recalled to Keven D. Thompson of Essence. “That used to piss me off. But I just don’t have time for other people’s ignorance anymore.” Hootie & the Blowfish showed strong commercial instincts from the start,

For the Record . . .

B

orn on May 13, 1966, in Charleston, SC. Educa-

tion: Attended University of South Carolina.

Sang in bands at University of South Carolina, late 1980s; with Hootie & the Blowfish, recorded multiplatinum album Cracked Rear View, 1994, and other albums, 1996–; released R&B solo album Back to Then, 2002; appeared in Burger King commercial, 2005; released country solo album Learn to Live, 2008. Addresses: Office—2238 Dundas St. W, P.O. Box 59039, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M6R 3B5. Web site—Darius Rucker Ocfficial Web site: http://www. dariusrucker.com.

generating strong sales of T-shirts and of their selffinanced EP Kootchypop. Sometimes Rucker, the band’s sole African-American member, contributed country-flavored material to their repertoire. After several years of touring, Hootie & the Blowfish were signed to the Atlantic label and went to Los Angeles to record Cracked Rear View. Despite reservations from rock critics, that album became a long-lasting best seller, with sales of six million copies by 1995 and millions more sold over the next several years. Hootie & the Blowfish, however, were never able to duplicate the success of Cracked Rear View, although successors such as Fairweather Johnson (1996) and Musical Chairs (1998) were hits by any conventional measure. Some Atlantic executives hoped to reinvigorate the Hootie franchise by releasing a Darius Rucker solo album. Recorded R&B Disc In 2002 Rucker delivered one, but it wasn’t exactly what Atlantic was expecting. When Back to Then appeared in 2002, it featured a duet with R&B songstress Jill Scott and generally fell under the then-flourishing neo-soul banner. The album appeared on the small Hidden Beach label. The album had only modest sales, but a single, “Wild One,” gained some cable television airplay, and the album established Rucker as a musician who would follow his own musical instincts rather than simply chasing after past glories. “I had just discovered Notorious B.I.G. and Lauryn Hill,” Rucker recalled to Otis R. Taylor Jr. of the Columbia, South Carolina State. “Being a black guy singing rock ’n’ roll my whole life, I was like, ‘Wow, I could do [R&B].’”

Yet another possibility seemed to present itself in 2005, when Rucker appeared in a commercial for the Burger King restaurant chain, wearing an elaborate cowboy outfit in the classic country music style and singing the old-time country song “Big Rock Candy Mountain.” Country music executives had made halfhearted attempts to promote an African-American successor to Charley Pride in the genre, but none had really caught on. Further, pop stars Jewel and Jessica Simpson had experienced disappointing results when they made forays into country music in the mid-2000s decade. When Rucker began knocking on doors in Nashville, he ran the risk of seeming to be another rock star trying to cash in with a quick country record. Rucker’s obvious commitment to the country genre, however, quickly opened those doors. The co-writer of all but one of the songs on Learn to Live, Rucker offered more than Hootie & the Blowfish songs outfitted with a fiddle or pedal steel guitar. Rucker signed with the Capitol label and began working with producer Frank Rogers, best known for albums with singerguitarist Brad Paisley (who appeared as a guest on Rucker’s album) that leaned toward the neo-traditional side of country music. Rucker set out to shape an album that was unmistakably affiliated with the genre. “What we said to everybody was, ‘My voice being what it is, it’s going to sound like Hootie no matter what we do’—I can make a Merle Haggard record and someone’s going to say, ‘It sounds like Hootie,’” Rucker explained to Ken Tucker of Billboard. “But we told the musicians, ‘If you think you can play it one of two ways, more poppy country or more dirt country, play it more dirt country.’” Topped Country Charts Along with a promotional tour of radio station visits from Rucker, the strategy won over skeptical radio programmers. The staff at San Antonio radio station KAJA was “blown away by how country” Rucker’s album sounded, program director George King told Tucker. The ballad “Don’t Think I Don’t Think About It” started strong and quickly rose to the number one spot on Billboard magazine’s country singles chart in the fall of 2008, and the follow-up single, “It Won’t Be Like This for Long,” matched its predecessor’s performance. Those feats made Rucker the first African American to score a number one country single since Ray Charles, in his duet “Seven Spanish Angels” (with Willie Nelson) in 1985, and the first solo artist since Charley Pride. Learn to Live itself topped Billboard’s country albums chart. Early in 2009 Rucker went on tour with Paisley and country vocalist Dierks Bentley, and he made the rounds of the The Tonight Show and other late-night television programs important in breaking new acts. Inevitably, he faced questions about the relationship between his new career and his ongoing connection to Hootie & the Blowfish, which continued to tour. Rucker

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continued to express a commitment to country music. He told Brian Mansfield of USA Today that Hootie & the Blowfish would likely return to the recording studio— “and I’m down for that, if the timing’s right. But I’m a country singer. That’s what I am now.”

Selected discography Back to Then, Hidden Beach, 2002. Learn to Live, Capitol, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, May 10, 2008, p. 64; September 27, 2008, p. 48. Dallas Morning News, October 8, 2008.

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Essence, November 1995, p. 60. Houston Chronicle, March 14, 2009, p. 3. Jet, October 13, 2008, p. 46. New York Times, September 15, 2008, p. E4. State (Columbia, SC), September 19, 2008. USA Today, September 23, 2008, p. D1.

Online “About,” Darius Rucker Official Web site, http://www. dariusrucker.com (April 29, 2009). “Darius Rucker,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (April 29, 2009). “Darius Rucker Basking in Country Success,” Great American Country, http://www.gactv.com/gac/nw_headlines/ article/0,3034,GAC_26063_5908862_,00.html (April 29, 2009). —James M. Manheim

I

n a career straddling two decades and reaching through many musical genres, British singersongwriter Seal has captivated listeners around the globe with his husky baritone voice, selling 15 million records and earning three Grammy Awards. Seal first hit the music radar in 1990 as co-writer of the dance hit “Killer,” which became a number one U.K. hit for Adamski. By the mid-1990s Seal was a formidable force in the pop world, scoring with the chart-topping silky romance ballad “Kiss From a Rose,” which earned a 1995 song of the year Grammy Award and became one of the most-played singles in U.S. radio history. Seal stayed in the pop world for a number of years, releasing albums filled with his signature blend of rock, pop, and R&B. In 2008 Seal went in another direction, taking up the R&B mantle and releasing Soul, an album of soul classics in which Seal revived favorites by Otis Redding and Sam Cooke. Seal told the Boston Globe’s Carmen Nobel that he was inspired by Cooke’s song “A Change Is Gonna Come.” “The country was going through a huge paradigm shift, and this was a song that was about being proactive. ѧ I did the one song and it was received so positively that [producer] David Foster said, ‘Look, it seems like this really suits you,’ and before we knew it we were making an album.”

Seal Singer, songwriter

Had “A Rough Childhood” Seal was born Sealhenry Olumide Samuel on February 19, 1963, in London, England; his parents had moved from Nigeria and were divorced when he was still an infant. Raised first by foster parents and then by his own father, Seal had what he described to Rob Tannenbaum of Rolling Stone as “a rough childhood.” In an interview with Mark Cooper of Q, he called his father “a bitter person who’d missed a lot of opportunities in life. I think he loved me but was just incapable of showing it.” Seal earned a degree in architecture and worked a variety of jobs, from electrical engineering to posting ads for London prostitutes; the latter occupation resulted in an arrest.

© Mark Savage/Corbis

After trying to build a music career in London, Seal hooked up with a band called Push and played funk music on tour in Japan. It was important more for geographical than for musical reasons: “I’d never been to that part of the equator before,” he noted to Tannenbaum. “It was right up my alley. Every day was a new experience.” After a jaunt with a Thailand blues group, Seal made his way to India and had what he called “a few spiritual experiences,” which calmed his temperament. Along the way, Seal became convinced that the halfmoon scars under his eyes left by a skin ailment were a kind of omen pointing to stardom. “I got really depressed about [the scars] at first, as you can understand,” he recalled. “Now I really like them.” The scars, he ultimately reasoned, would serve as a kind of insignia. “If I could design something, I don’t think I could do it better.” He did design the rest of his distinc-

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For the Record . . .

B

orn Sealhenry Olumide Samuel on February 19,

1963, in London, England; son of Francis (a

plumber and interior decorator) and Bisi (a homemaker) Samuel; raised by father and stepmother, Joyce; married Heidi Klum (a model/television host), 2005; children: Henry Gunther Ademola Dashtu Samuel, Johan Riley Fyodor Taiwo Samuel. Education: Received degree in architecture. Joined first band, Stay Brave, c. 1978; worked as clothing designer and as an electrical engineer, 1980s; toured Japan with member of funk group Push, 1980s; sang with blues band in Thailand, late 1980s; released single “Killer,” a collaboration with Adam “Adamski” Tinley, 1990; signed with ZTT records, released debut album Seal, 1991; collaborated with Jeff Beck on contribution to Jimi Hendrix tribute album Stone Free, 1993; con-

In 1990 Seal co-wrote a song called “Killer” with British keyboardist Adamski. The song’s mix of dance and rock—helped by heartfelt singing and lyrics—took it to the top of the U.K. charts. “I remember the first time we got to number one,” he recollected in an interview with Giles Smith of the London Independent. “Adamski and myself were in one of those family inn restaurants on a Sunday near Cambridge, [and] the week before we were number four and Madonna was number one.” When they realized that “Killer” had gained the top position, “I let out this huge roar. Honestly, families around us were going for their children—there was this six-foot-four black man gone wild in Cambridgeshire.” Seal was unprepared for what would follow. “I guess I was the epitome of the phrase ‘meteoric success,’” he told Cooper. “My kind of success was different because I had a hit record with something which wasn’t immediately commercial in the pop sense. I took [my song] ‘Crazy’ round to lots of record companies before ‘Killer’ and although everybody really liked it, they wouldn’t touch it. But if you manage to get a hit with a record like that, it’s like you’ve broken through with something which allows you so much room.” Now, Horn was eager to sign Seal to ZTT.

tinued writing/touring, 1993–. Awards: Q Award, Best New Act, 1991; Brit Awards, Best Album, Best Male Artist, and Best Video, 1992; Grammy Awards, Record of the Year, Song of the Year, and Best Male Pop Vocal Performance, for “Kiss From A Rose,” 1995; BMI Film & TV Awards, Most Performed Song for a Film, for Batman Forever’s “Kiss From A Rose,” 1996. Addresses: Management—Creative Artists Agency, c/o Mitch Rose, 200 Ave. of the Stars, Los Angeles, CA 90067.

Record

company—Warner

Bros.,

3300

Warner Blvd., Burbank, CA 91595. Web site—Seal Official Web site: http://www.seal.com/.

tive look: head-to-toe leather clothes and long dreadlocks, adding even more flash to his six-foot, four-inch frame. Seal met producer Trevor Horn, who had earned a fortune making records for the Art of Noise and Yes, among others, and had his own label, ZTT. “I thought he looked a bit frightening,” Horn told Tannenbaum, recalling his first impressions of Seal. “I thought he was gonna like all kinds of music I wasn’t gonna like. Then he told me he liked Crosby, Stills and Nash and Joni Mitchell. It was quite refreshing.” Even so, Horn was disinclined to sign the fledgling artist.

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Achieved International Success with Debut In 1991 the aspiring singer released Seal, which included dance floor grooves and acoustic guitars and an overall emphasis on melody and song structure. Rolling Stone writer David Thigpen called Seal’s debut album “a startlingly original synthesis that seemed to come from some undiscovered place along the axis of rock and soul.” Seal’s lyrics on this first album reflected what he told Smith was a “very young, very idealistic” point of view: “If we only stick together we can save the world.” His travels in the east had made him “unstoppable in that respect.” Seal was an international smash, thanks to “Killer” as well as to “Crazy,” an idealistic slice of pop-funk that was soon co-opted for a television commercial. And Seal himself was overwhelmed by fame. Indeed, as Seal told Cooper, the experience “was completely the opposite of what I’d imagined. If you’re a sensitive person, like myself, you quickly realise that not everybody’s intentions are genuine. And, yes, you have more people around you, lots more people around you, but your space becomes much smaller. People come up to you constantly in the street and they treat you like you’re an alien.” More tragically, “I thought that the adoration would replace the attention that I sought from my father. I thought success or fame would bring me all these things.” After relocating to Los Angeles, Seal gradually began work on a follow-up album. The resulting album—again called Seal—replaced the debut’s pounding rhythms with slyer grooves, while Seal’s singing moved away from the anthemic shouts of his earlier hits and became

more nuanced and intimate. The first single, “Prayer for the Dying,” a sober, reflective tune with an insistent funk beat, became a top ten hit. Jeff Beck played guitar on another track, “Bring It On,” and Joni Mitchell joined Seal for a duet in the song “If I Could.” It was difficult for Seal to stop working on the project. “One time, I was going to the airport and I just turned round and came back to do more vocals,” he confessed to Cooper. “I was dragged screaming from this record and so was Trevor [Horn].” The album cover included a new look for Seal—a clean-shaven head, which represented a concession to California temperatures and a clean break from the past. Seal had lived through a number of losses and near catastrophes between the two albums. “I had a really heavy duty car crash in California,” he told Cooper. “I nearly flew off a canyon on to a freeway a hundred feet below at peak hour. The car was completely written off and, miraculously, I walked away virtually unscathed. Then I got double pneumonia. The doctors said it was touch-and-go at one stage but I came out of that unscathed too, with no scarring on my lungs or anything. Then there was a shooting right in front of me on [Hollywood’s] Sunset Boulevard.” Seal claimed that a London healer helped him recover from his illness and clarify his life; he appeared on the cover of his second album in the nude, his newly shorn pate adding to the overall image of strength through vulnerability. “My whole approach to this record was one of openness,” he told Cooper. He also emphasized in various interviews that the “idealistic” world-saving stance of his first album had neglected the necessity of healing oneself, spiritually and otherwise, before one could truly help others. Part of this healing meant putting fame in perspective and allowing his “celebrity” self to surface when he needed to protect his private self. “The days I wanted to be noticed, wanted some feedback,” he informed Smith, “I could go out there and kind of exude and I’d get recognized,” becoming “Seal, pop star, impervious to everything.” Seal the second was generally greeted with critical raves. “This British neo-soul singer’s gift flows from his ability to transform dancefloor tracks into spine-tingling, magical experiences,” enthused James Bernard of Entertainment Weekly, who gave the album an “A” grade. Reviewer Hobey Echlin of Detroit’s Metro Times labeled the effort “brilliant, subtle, indulgent and sentimental.” Thigpen noted that “Seal’s husky, expressive voice sounds even richer and more aged; the new record has an almost folky feel, with an undercurrent of melancholy and introspection that wasn’t there before.” Realized His Own Accomplishments But it wasn’t so much good reviews as good old fashioned radio airplay that helped the achievement sink in. “Somebody played the single on the radio the other

day,” Seal related to Smith. “I was speaking to my friend Oswald on the carphone. He said: ‘They seem to be playing your record a lot.’ I said, rather grumpily: ‘Really? Cos I haven’t heard it once.’ Ironically enough, as I said that, it came on the radio. I said: ‘Oswald: I’m going to have to call you back.’” Pulling over to the side of the road, Seal finally appreciated the finished product. The feeling, he noted, was one he’d felt only occasionally: “almost unquantifiable ѧ just this rush.” In 1995 Seal released the single “Kiss From A Rose,” which was featured in the hit movie Batman Forever. Joel Schumacher, the music video director for “Kiss From A Rose,” talked about Seal in Entertainment Weekly. “He sings with his whole body and his hands and his fingers. He is very sensual.” Seal won three Grammy Awards for “Kiss From A Rose,” including Record of the Year, in 1995. Seal then set out to create a third album. “I wanted to make a more raw record,” he told Time, noting he wanted to create something more basic and less produced. Horn told Time, “He was going through a fair amount of turmoil as we started working. By the end of the record it was like having an old friend back.” The result was Human Being, released in 1998. Most of the numbers were love songs, but he also explored race issues in the track “Colours.” After Human Being, Seal worked for three and a half years on a follow-up album, but was suffering from a creative block. In frustration, he sold his Los Angeles home and moved back to England. “I think I needed to be around the smells, the sounds, the pace, the grind of London,” he told People. After 18 months he produced an album that was entirely different from those he had worked on in the United States. Again, he titled it Seal. People reviewer Chuck Arnold praised Seal for remaining “a unique talent, singing about love and longing with a richly textured voice that is at once soothing, sensual and oh-so-soulful.” Seal’s life also took on another dimension with his marriage to model and TV host Heidi Klum in May of 2005. They welcomed their first child, Henry Gunther Ademola Dashtu Samuel, in September of that year. Another son, Johan Riley Fyodor Taiwo Samuel, soon followed. Explored Dance Music, Soul In 2007 Seal released System, his first studio album in four years, working alongside Stuart Price, producer of Madonna’s Confessions on a Dance Floor. System showed a return to his dance-hall roots. Some critics, such as Craig Sermon of the Worcester, Massachusetts Telegram & Gazette, liked the upbeat change of pace. “Sharing a kinship with some of the great soul singers of the past, Seal has an angelic voice that sounds as if it transcends the world of the living and could cure the ills of the world,” Sermon wrote The album contained a number of upbeat club-hopping grooves such as “Amazing.” Filled with optimistic, life-

Seal • 155

affirming lyrics and electronica beeps, the song reached number one on the Hot Dance Airplay chart and garnered a Grammy nomination. Seal slowed it down for “Wedding Day,” a duet performed with his supermodel wife, Klum. In “Wedding Day,” Seal unleashed his falsetto to sing about the glory of falling in love. He continued his musings on romance with “Immaculate,” a song calling for racial tolerance. “I wouldn’t be so bold as to say this is the best writing I’ve ever done,” he told Billboard’s Paul Sexton. “But I will say that it’s the most consistent. The songs are of a certain level, and that’s something I’ve always strived for.” Seal left his dance-floor grooves behind for his next album, 2008’s Soul, a disc of 12 classic soul covers. Seal was driving home through Napa Valley one day when Sam Cooke’s 1960s civil rights anthem “A Change Is Gonna Come” hit the airwaves, prompting Seal to pull over. “I must have heard that song a thousand times, but it broke my heart,” he told the London Daily Mail’s Adrian Thrills. “It brought tears to my eyes. It was written 40 years ago, but its message seemed every bit as profound.” In that moment, Seal said, he realized that the song “could speak for a new generation” yearning for change. His exploration into soul prompted Seal to do an entire album. Besides Cooke’s classic, Soul included Al Green’s “Here I Am,” Otis Redding’s “I’ve Been Loving You Too Long” and James Brown’s “It’s A Man’s Man’s Man’s World.” The album hit number 13 on the Billboard 200, and a tour was planned in 2009 to promote the songs. “I don’t see why these songs can’t co-exist with my existing stuff,” he told Billboard. “We’ll just move some things around and make them really fit seamlessly.”

“Prayer for the Dying,” Warner Bros., 1994. “Kiss From A Rose,” ZTT, 1995. “Amazing,” Warner Bros., 2007.

Albums Seal, ZTT, 1991. (Contributor) Stone Free: A Tribute to Jimi Hendrix, Reprise, 1993. Seal, ZTT, 1994. (Contributor) Batman Forever (soundtrack), Atlantic, 1995. Human Being, Warner Bros., 1998. Seal IV, Warner Bros., 2003. Seal Best: 1991-2004, Warner Bros., 2004. Live in Paris, Warner Bros., 2005. System, Warner Bros., 2007. Soul, Warner Bros., 2008. Sound Stage Live, WEA Japan, 2009.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, November 17, 2007; November 22, 2008, p. 97. Boston Globe, April 3, 2009, p. 30 (Living Arts). Daily Mail (London, England), October 31, 2008, p. 64. Entertainment Weekly, June 3, 1994; February 16, 1996. Guitar Player, October 1994. Independent (London, England), May 12, 1994. Metro Times (Detroit, MI), June 22, 1994. People, September 15, 2003. Q, July 1994. Rolling Stone, November 28, 1991; August 25, 1994. Telegram & Gazette (Worcester, MA), January 6, 2008, p. G4. Time, November 16, 1998.

Online

Selected discography Singles “Killer,” Warner Bros., 1990. “Crazy,” Warner Bros., 1991.

156 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

E! Online, http://www.eonline.com, May 10, 2005; May 12, 2005; September 12, 2005; September 14, 2005. Recording Academy Grammy Awards, http://www.grammy. com, January 27, 2004. —Simon Glickman, Sarah Parkin and Lisa Frick

been part of the pop-punk group UFOFU. Looking for a new project, the trio teamed up and decided to head to New York for a fresh start. Benjamin Curtis switched from drums to guitar and Brandon Curtis continued with his specialty, keyboards and bass.

Secret Machines Rock group

S

ince 2000, the Secret Machines have been churning out music that defies definition. The New Yorkbased progressive rock trio fills its moody albums with dissonant power chords, hypnotic grooves, atmospheric effects and bloated tracks reaching nearly ten minutes in length. Some music critics have called the Secret Machines an art-rock act, while others use the label psych-rock. Still others have referred to band members as 1970s arena-rock revivalists. The trio is often compared to Pink Floyd, the Flaming Lips, and the Velvet Underground. Writing in the Montreal Gazette, music reviewer Jordan Zivitz noted that the Secret Machines “have become a pet project for critics who like to twist themselves into pretzels trying to nail groups down. It’s easy to play spot-the-influence—Pink Floyd’s ambient drift, the relentless drive of 1970s German visionaries like Can, a liberal dose of psychedelia—but the Machines don’t align themselves with any one cause.” Laid Roots in Texas The Secret Machines formed in Dallas. The original lineup consisted of drummer Josh Garza with brothers Benjamin and Brandon Curtis covering guitar, keyboards, bass, and vocals. For years, each had been tooling around the Dallas music scene looking for a break and an ensemble that would propel them to fame. In the late 1990s, Garza played with a band called Captain Audio, as did Brandon Curtis. Benjamin Curtis played drums for When Babies Eat Pennies and for Tripping Daisy, and both of the Curtis brothers had

“When we finally hooked up we all decided to leave town, we didn’t want the band to be our hobby,” Garza told Contactmusic.com. “We wanted to take it to the next level.” The band’s inaugural rehearsal took place in July of 2000. Two months later, Garza and the Curtis brothers drove to Chicago to begin recording an EP at the Clava Studio. By November, they were living in a small loft in Brooklyn, New York. As the aspiring musicians struggled to make their way, they lived without heat and hot water. They lined their beds up on one end of their loft and put their equipment on the other, living among the drum cases and speaker cabinets and rehearsing each day. Soon, the Secret Machines began scoring gigs, and put all of their efforts into their performances, hoping to get noticed. On weekends, the Machines hired a van and driver to transport them to shows so they would not have to lug their equipment through subway stations. In 2002 Ace Fu Records, an independent label, agreed to release September 000, a six-song mini-album the band had recorded in Chicago shortly after forming. The disc included a Led Zeppelin-inspired song called “It’s A Bad Wind That Don’t Blow Somebody Some Good.” Such curious song titles became a staple for the band. Signed with Warner Brothers/Reprise After two years in New York, the band members felt discouraged by their failure to attract a major label. They hit the road and ended up in Los Angeles, sleeping on the floor at a friend’s house. The Machines lined up a few gigs in the area and continued playing. One night, a scout from Warner Brothers/Reprise Records took an interest in their music and offered to sign the band. Having the backing of a major label revitalized the band, and the trio headed back to New York to record their first full-length disc. Released in 2004, Now Here Is Nowhere caught the attention of the music world, prompting critics to predict critical success for the CD. The Boston Globe’s Steve Morse declared that “the group’s new album, Now Here Is Nowhere, has literally come out of nowhere with a neo-psychedelic sound that could make it one of the most acclaimed discs of the year.” Before releasing the disc in brick-and-mortar stores, Reprise let music enthusiasts purchase the album online and also promoted it through blogs. This marked one of the first times that a major label turned to the Internet to peddle an album prior to its physical release. In the end, the notoriety and publicity helped the band

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Gained Notoriety for Distinctive Shows For the Record . . .

M

embers include Benjamin Curtis (left band in

2007), backing vocals, guitar; Brandon Curtis,

bass, keyboard, vocals; Josh Garza, drums; Phil Karnats (replaced Benjamin Curtis, 2007), guitar. Group formed in Dallas, 2000; relocated to New York City, 2000; released debut EP, September 000, Ace Fu Records, 2002; signed with Warner Brothers/Reprise Records, released Now Here Is Nowhere, 2004; released Ten Silver Drops, 2006; left Warner label, 2007; formed own imprint, TSM Recordings, released Secret Machines, 2008. Addresses: Management—Madison House Inc., 628 Broadway Ⲇ502, New York, NY 10012-2613. Web site—Secret Machines Official Web site: http://www. thesecretmachines.com.

capture an early fan base. MTV and Billboard discussed the strategy at length. “The marketing behind it was genius,” Brandon Curtis told Thor Christensen of the Dallas Morning News. “I was in a cab in New York and they announced it on the radio, and I’m, like, ‘You gotta be kidding me—that’s ѧ [expletive] awesome!’” The album, filled with majestic melodies, spacious guitar riffs, and a hypnotic sound, opens and closes with epic songs that last nine minutes each. The album’s title song, “Now Here Is Nowhere,” came from a phrase Brandon Curtis began using after they relocated to New York and struggled to find their way. “Those words represented where we were at emotionally,” he told Christensen. “We struggled and finally got to New York, but it’s still just as insignificant as any other place you’re at.” Like most psychedelic rock, the band’s songs did not see much airtime on the radio, even on alternative stations. Nonetheless, after appearing at the 2004 South by Southwest music and film festival in Austin, Texas, the band aroused enough attention to garner features in such publications as Entertainment Weekly and the New York Times. New York Times music critic Monica Corcoran piqued readers’ interest in the band when she wrote this about the album: “The sound is textured with melodic layers that coil and unfurl like a white-knuckled fist. Many of the songs start off quiet, even shy, and then suddenly shatter the stillness with the force of a kid cannonballing into a pool.”

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With a CD in hand, the band toured heavily. In 2005 the Machines hit the road with the British rockers Oasis, playing in Spain, Germany and Britain. Glowing reviews prompted U2 to ask the Machines to open for them when they appeared in Mexico City in 2006. While on tour, the Machines gained a reputation for their atmospheric stage shows. The band goes to great lengths to ensure no two shows are alike. Speaking to Contactmusic.com, Garza acknowledged that a live version of a song generally sounds completely different than the disc version. “I know sometimes our fans feel like they don’t know half of the set but they still seem to enjoy it and come along with us on the ride! We are never gonna be one of those bands who play the whole album through because that’s all they know.” A typical Machines show includes covers, new songs, and in-depth experimentation with recorded songs. For instance, when playing live, the Machines might add a five-minute drone to the beginning of a two-minute song. In addition, the band at times performs with an “in-the-round” setup. The members set up in a triangle, facing each other. Each musician then faces two-thirds of the audience and has his back turned to one-third. “We had this massive energy off of that,” Brandon Curtis told Arye Dworken of Self-Titled, an online music publication. In 2006 the Machines released Ten Silver Drops. The album’s name was derived from a dream Brandon Curtis had that featured a cloud with ten silver drops. Once again, the album featured long, unrushed tracks, such as “Daddy’s In The Doldrums,” which tops eight minutes. There was a pop-tinged selection called “Lightning Blue Eyes,” and a drum-driven fan favorite, “All At Once (It’s Not Important).” “It’s an album of love songs with pain,” Benjamin Curtis told Jacqui Swift of England’s Sun. “We found that’s where our heads were at when we were writing the songs. It’s a snapshot.” Endured Lineup, Label Change In early 2007, Benjamin Curtis announced that he would leave the Machines to focus on his other project, School of Seven Bells. At first, no one knew what to do. “Benjamin was a key part of what made the band what it was,” brother Brandon told the Dallas Observer’s Darryl Smyers. “Being a three-piece, the personality of any one member is a big chunk of the whole thing.” Brandon Curtis and Garza, however, wanted to continue. They turned to Phil Karnats to fill the void, as both had played with the guitarist before. For a few shows, as the band remained in transition, the Machines added a second guitarist to try a quartet ensemble, but Brandon Curtis ultimately decided he was more comfortable with a trio. The future of the band was thrown into further flux when the Machines were dropped by their label after

Benjamin Curtis left. Nonplussed, the members decided to carry on and work on their own. In 2008 they self-released a third album, Secret Machines. The album included “Atomic Heels,” which offered a statement on U.S foreign policy. Like the band’s other albums, it was short in length, including only eight songs. Speaking to Self-Titled, Brandon Curtis explained why the band’s albums are short. “I don’t drive in New York. I commute on subways. So I make albums ideal for those sort of commutes. Forty minutes felt like the perfect average.” As for the future, Brandon Curtis told Swift he felt as if the new lineup had gelled, and that the band had retained its unique sound despite the changes in personnel. He hoped fans would consider that a good thing. “To be quite honest, I have no idea what people might expect from us at this point. Or if anyone expects anything at all. We are here making music. If anyone is interested they are more than welcome to join us.”

Selected discography (mini-disc) September 000, Ace Fu Records, 2002. Now Here Is Nowhere, Reprise, 2004.

Ten Silver Drops, Reprise, 2006. Secret Machines, TSM Recordings, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Boston Globe, March 26, 2004, p. C14. Billboard, April 22, 2006, pp. 57-58. Dallas Morning News, May 7, 2004, p. 27 (Guide). Dallas Observer, May 16, 2002; July 31, 2008. Gazette (Montreal, Quebec), June 5, 2004, p. D1. New York Times, April 11, 2004, p. 4 (Section 9); October 20, 2008, p. C1. Sun (England), March 31, 2006; January 16, 2009, p. 60.

Online “The Secret Machines—Interview,” Contactmusic.com, http:// www.contactmusic.com/new/home.nsf/webpages/ thesecretmachinesx31x03x05 (May 4, 2009). “The S/T Interview: Brandon Curtis of the Secret Machines,” Self-Titled, http://www.self-titledmag.com/home/2008/09/ 03/the-st-interview-brandon-curtis-of-the-secret-machines/ (May 4, 2009). —Lisa Frick

Secret Machines • 159

S

olange, also known as Solange Knowles, got her start in the music business as the result of her status as the younger sister of R&B megastar Beyoncé Knowles. But with her 2008 release Sol-Angel and the Hadley St. Dreams, Solange stepped out decisively from her more famous sister’s shadow. She already knew that her personality was different from Beyoncé’s, but with that album she adopted an innovative musical style that diverged from her sister’s carefully honed urban pop blends.

Solange

The differences were due partly to chronology, Solange explained to Adrian Thrills of London’s Daily Mail: “When Destiny’s Child released their first record, I don’t think I even noticed. I was still at school and I had my own life in Houston. People think there should be this great rivalry between us, but there’s never been any competition. There’s a big age gap and we are two very different characters.” “Solange is a firecracker,” mother Tina Knowles told Jeannine Amber of Essence. “Even as a child she walked to the beat of her own drum.” Solange Piaget Knowles, almost five years younger than Beyoncé, was born on June 24, 1986, in Houston. When she was young she was classically trained in several forms of dance.

Singer, songwriter

Solange’s dance training provided her with an entry into the family entertainment empire: when she was 15 she joined the troupe of dancers backing the famed group Destiny’s Child. The group’s tours were international in scope, and Solange stated in her online biography that “it was then I developed a deep sense of culture, style, and artistic influences.” With strong ambitions toward stardom herself, Solange began working on ideas for an album of her own. Her debut, Solo Star, appeared in 2003, before her seventeenth birthday.

AP Images

The album took a critical drubbing; Sarah Rodman of the Boston Herald opined that it “lacks a distinctive personality” and that “a bevy of producers (Timbaland, the Neptunes) and guest artists (B2K, Lil’ Romeo) practically make her a guest at her own party.” Still, the album sold in the range of 112,000 copies, a respectable total, and it marked Solange as a musically adventurous figure. The singer herself, on her Web site, called Solo Star “a creative turning point for me; a melting pot of different genres and sounds including R&B, Reggae, Alternative, and even Country.” Its first single, “Feeling You,” drew on Puerto Rico’s reggaeton style, then just beginning to make an impact in the mainland United States.

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Rather than plunging into a second album immediately, Solange took time to develop her own voice musically. An important part of that process was emerging from the hothouse of the Knowles family empire and going through life experiences of her own, which soon came in abundance: Solange married Daniel Smith, a wide receiver with professional football’s Carolina Panthers, in February of 2004, and the pair had a son, Daniel

For the Record . . .

B

orn Solange Piaget Knowles on June 24, 1986, in

Houston, TX; daughter of Mathew and Tina

Knowles; sister of Beyoncé Knowles; married Daniel Smith (a professional football player), 2004 (divorced); children: Daniel Julez J. Smith. Began dancing in stage show of sister Beyoncé, 2001; released Solo Star, 2003; supporting role in Johnson Family Vacation, 2004; television and film appearances; released Sol-Angel and the Hadley St. Dreams, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Music World Entertainment,1505 Hadley St, Houston, TX 77002-8927. Web site—Solange

Official

Web

site:

http://www.

solangemusic.com.

Julez J. Smith. For several years she was billed as Solange Knowles-Smith, and she lived with her husband and son in the Idaho mountains. The marriage lasted three years before ending in divorce—and leaving Solange with material for her songwriting. “I got married at 17, had a child at 18, and went through a divorce at 20, so I have a lot of mature stories to tell,” she told Molly Fahner of Cosmopolitan. Those stories showed up on album tracks by Beyoncé, Kelly Rowland, Michelle Williams (“We Break the Dawn”), and others. After the divorce, Solange and her husband shared custody of their son and continued to cooperate in his upbringing. Meanwhile, Solange concentrated on gaining wider exposure. She made several television series appearances between 2004 and 2006, including those on the CBS network’s Ebony and Ivory and UPN’s The Catch, as well as serving as a presenter on ABC’s World Music Awards in 2005. Her biggest venture on screen was a major role in the 2004 comedy Johnson Family Vacation as the daughter of parents played by Cedric the Entertainer and Vanessa Williams. None of these opportunities came Solange’s way because of her famous last name. “I had to audition for this role, I had to sing and audition for my record deal, you know, it hasn’t been handed over to me,” she pointed out to Stephen Schaefer of the Boston Herald. Solange’s sophomore album, Sol-Angel and the Hadley St. Dreams, drew on various influences as it took shape. Solange stated on her Web site that she “started to pull out my old records of Shuggie Otis, Marvin Gaye, and Otis Redding—artists that had mes-

sages and melodies that spoke to me. I experimented with the Soul of that type of music by adding subtle electronic influences I picked up along the way from traveling and spending so much time in London and France.” The album mixed girl-group sounds of the kind that had made Destiny’s Child famous with the ideas of electronics-oriented producers such as CeeLo, Q-Tip, and Raphael Saadiq. The end result, as exemplified in the leadoff single “Sandcastle Disco” (co-written with Cee-Lo) was a sound that combined the irresistible foot-tapping quality of classic Motownlabel R&B with state-of-the-art production. Lighter pop numbers were balanced against harder-edged songs like the sex-and-marijuana romp “Champagnechroniknightcap,” on which Solange appeared with rapper Lil’ Wayne. The album, Sol-Angel and the Hadley St. Dreams, appeared in August of 2008 on Music World, with distribution by the major Geffen label. Solange cowrote all but one of the album’s 14 tracks with a variety of other composers, but the track that meant most to her was written with Motown legend Lamont Dozier. The Hadley Street referred to in the album’s title was the location of the Music World studio, purchased by Solange’s father, Mathew Knowles, several years earlier. “It was the roots of the record and about the vision my father had. It didn’t really matter that none of us could see it and all we saw was this shifty neighborhood, crack houses here, prostitutes there,” Solange explained to Chitra Ramaswamy of Scotland on Sunday. Like its predecessor, the album billed its artist simply as Solange. The album was praised by Andy Kellman of the All Music Guide as “fun, silly, slightly eccentric and, most importantly, fearless.” Music buyers agreed, propelling the album into the top ten of the Billboard 200 pop sales chart, and to the number three spot on its Top R&B/Hip-Hop chart. With her first tour of the British Isles under her belt by early 2009, Solange, still only in her early twenties, was well on her way to a high-flying career—and she had reached that point mostly without invoking the name of Beyoncé Knowles.

Selected discography Solo Star, Music World/Columbia, 2003. Sol-Angel and the Hadley St. Dreams, Music World/Geffen, 2008.

Sources Books Contemporary Theatre, Film, and Television, Vol. 78, Gale, 2008.

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Periodicals Boston Herald, February 23, 2003, p. 56; April 4, 2004, p. 55. Cosmopolitan, October 2008, p. 138. Daily Mail (London, England), August 8, 2008, p.55. Daily Record (Glasgow, Scotland), April 9, 2009, p. 19. Ebony, June 2003, p. 86. Essence, October 2006, p. 96; August 2008, p. 59. Guardian (London, England), August 15, 2008, p. 4. Houston Chronicle, September 28, 2006, p. 1; December 2, 2008, p. 4. Interview, March 2003, p. 100. People, September 8, 2008, p. 55.

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Scotland on Sunday (Edinburgh, Scotland), November 2, 2008, p. 17. Star-Ledger (Newark, NJ), September 8, 2008, p. 53.

Online “Bio,” Solange Official Web site, http://www.solangemusic. com (April 30, 2009). “Solange Knowles,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (April 30, 2009). —James M. Manheim

J

.D. Souther may be the 1970s equivalent of Kevin Bacon. But instead of six degrees of separation from a who’s who of celebrities, Souther was only one degree away from nearly every musical notable of the period: the Eagles, Warren Zevon, Linda Ronstadt, Jimmy Buffett, Bonnie Raitt, and members of the Byrds and Poco. The list seemingly is endless. But as brightly as his star shone in the rock firmament, it dimmed in the mid-1980s after four well-received albums, a compilation album, and writing credits on several of the era’s biggest hits. Souther achieved a musical resurgence in 2008, however. In that year, the Detroit-born, Amarillo, Texas-raised Souther released If the World Was You, his first album since 1984’s Home Before Dawn, which he supported by conducting a solo tour of smaller venues throughout the United States.

J. D. Souther

Souther is considered one of the godfathers of the country-folk, introspective soft-rock nexus that characterized Los Angeles pop during the “me” decade. For the uninitiated, Souther crafted or co-wrote songs that helped catapult such bands as the Eagles to the top of the charts, including “Best of My Love,” “New Kid in Town,” “Victim of Love,” and “Heartache Tonight.” He also produced then-paramour Linda Rondstadt’s first hit album, “Don’t Cry Now,” which featured no less than three Souther-penned tunes. He composed “Faithless Love,” “Simple Man, Simple Dream,” and “Prisoner in Disguise,” all covered by Ronstadt, as well as the Vietnam War protest song “How Long,” which the reformed Eagles covered and released as the first single off their 2007 album Long Road Out of Eden.

Jeffrey mayer/WireImage for ASCAP/Getty Images

Guitarist, songwriter, singer

In the 1970s, Souther sported a hippie chic, urban cowboy handsomeness, combined with sensitive, introspective lyrics delivered by a voice that sounded like a hybrid of Bruce Cockburn and Jackson Browne. All this, accompanied by his instrumental virtuosity on guitar and other instruments, made him a moderate star as a member of the Souther-Hillman-Furay Band, an all-star trio comprised of Chris Hillman of the Byrds and Richie Furay of The Buffalo Springfield and Poco. Put together at the urging of Elektra-Asylum label president David Geffen, the group assembled an allstar lineup to record two albums. The group itself was creatively moribund, and the three principals moved on to other projects. As a solo artist, Souther scored with the hit “You’re Only Lonely” in 1979, and lent his vocal chops to the James Taylor hit “Her Town Too” in 1981. After the release of his fourth solo album, Home by Dawn, and a subsequent tour, Souther hung up his performance shoes to focus on acting, landing a semiregular role on television’s thirtysomething among other gigs, and also took up songwriting. During the hiatus that his substantial royalties afforded him, he delved deeper into the craft that first brought him to the public’s attention. That growth was evident on If the World Was You, where Souther explored new musical and lyrical territory. The album’s songs blended a deliberate poetical approach with a jazz backing. “My

Souther • 163

For the Record . . .

B

orn in 1946 in Detroit, MI.

Released debut album, John David Souther, 1972; formed Souther-Hillman-Furay Band, 1973; released Black Rose, 1976; released You’re Only Lonely, 1979; released If the World Was You, 2008. Addresses: Management—Ron Stone, Gold Mountain Entertainment, [email protected]. Record company—Nancy Scibilia, label manager, Slow Curve Records, [email protected].

music was always the door I used to enter into the world of art,” Souther explained in a 2008 interview. “I always admired poets like Jim Harrison and Lawrence Ferlinghetti, who could keep growing as artists simply by altering their relationship with words. They just keep getting better and better as writers. Because of them, I wanted to take more chances to expand my art as a lyricist, but I also wanted to find the perfect musical accompaniment that expanded my art as a musician.” The album itself garnered praise from critics such as All Music Guide editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine, who effused that the album “doesn’t quite constitute a comeback—it’s more of a revitalization, an album that feels like something that Souther needed to do. This gives If the World Was You a sense of vitality, albeit a relaxed vitality as the album is so warm and intimate, it comes on slow, not strong. Nevertheless, this feels alive in a way that no other Souther album has felt, as he’s digging deeper with his songs and is supported by this wonderful quintet who help make If the World Was You a distinct, captivating fusion of country-rock and jazz.” Using Nashville as his twenty-first century base of operations, Souther recorded If the World Was You far removed from the stable of crack L.A. musicians with whom he had recorded all his previous efforts. He looked back on the music he had grown up with in Amarillo to cast a musical backdrop to his increased literary approach. “I grew up listening to what you’d expect a kid in Texas would listen to,” he said, referring to Hank Williams, George Jones, and Buddy Holly. “But I was also exposed to a lot of jazz.” After moving to Los Angeles in the late 1960s, Souther briefly formed a group called Longbranch Pennywhistle with future Eagle and Royal Oak, Michigan, native Glenn Frey. He continued to indulge his passion for jazz, however, and was able to catch Miles Davis’s seminal shows with

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Wayne Shorter, Tony Williams, Ron Carter, and Herbie Hancock. “I always admired Miles,” Souther said. “Here’s a guy that could’ve spent the rest of his career making albums that sounded just like Kind of Blue. Yes, it’s a perfect album, and it’s wonderful that it’s there. But he ended up going in an entirely different direction, and, once he landed there, he moved on again. That’s what artists are supposed to do: reinvent, change, turn against the current, dive into water deeper than you know you can survive.” Souther’s artistic restlessness led him to Ireland and other locales prior to landing in Nashville. He continued to hone his craft, submitting songs to Nashville stalwarts George Strait, Trisha Yearwood, and Diamond Rio, as well as placing his composition “I’ll Take Care of You” on the Dixie Chicks’ 1998 commercial breakthrough album, Wide Open Spaces. The impetus for If the World Was You, according to Souther, was “acquiring critical mass. You reach a tipping point, and big changes occur. Making art is just a complicated way of making sense of things that don’t make sense otherwise.” He added, “I think there are equal parts of hope and despair in most writing. It’s what gives it texture. Writing is adding details to feelings. The details—whether accurate to the most minute detail or entirely allegorical or metaphorical— what matters is that they work. Truth is not the same as fact.”

Selected discography With Souther-Hillman-Furay Band The Souther-Hillman-Furay Band, Asylum, 1974. Trouble in Paradise, Asylum, 1975.

Solo John David Souther, Elektra, 1972. Black Rose, Elektra, 1976. You’re Only Lonely, Columbia, 1979. Home by Dawn, Wounded Bird, 1984. Border Town: The Very Best of J.D. Souther, Salvo, 2007. If the World Was You, Slow Curve, 2008.

Sources Online “J. D. Souther,” All Music Guide, www.allmusic.com (May 19, 2009). Additional information for this essay was obtained from a telephone interview with the artist in November of 2008. —Bruce Edward Walker

B

ritney Spears was barely 16 years old when her first album, Baby One More Time, appeared at number one on album charts in 1999. Simultaneously, the album’s title song debuted at number one on the singles charts. A former Mouseketeer on the Disney Channel’s Mickey Mouse Club, the bright-eyed youngster came to symbolize the peppiest and perkiest of the shifting currents of pop music culture at the threshold of the twenty-first century. In direct contradiction to the trends of the times, she posed a wholesome image to counteract the sinister gangsta’ rap and sullen gothic subcultures that had permeated the recording industry in the 1990s.

Britney Spears

Her innocent appeal extended beyond the teenage throngs that traditionally controlled the realm of popular music. Young girls emulated her appearance and young boys harbored secret crushes, while parents nodded approvingly. Spears’s name became a household word, and she had earned more than $1 million by the age of 17. And she appeared to make the transition, as it was put in one of her hits, from “Not a Girl, Not Yet a Woman,” to full-blown adult pop sexpot. As of 2009 she was still topping pop sales charts. But her run in the spotlight had come at significant personal cost.

Singer

A Talented Mouseketeer

AP Images

Spears was born on December 27, 1981, in the small town of Kentwood, not far from New Orleans, Louisiana. She was the second of three children—and the oldest daughter—of Jamie Spears, a building contractor; and Lynne Spears, a second grade teacher. Spears was two years of age when she first tried to sing, mimicking popular crooners such as Whitney Houston. As soon as she was able, Spears, who was raised a Baptist, sang with church choirs. She also danced and performed in talent showcases. At eight, Spears auditioned to be a Mouseketeer on the Disney Channel’s Mickey Mouse Club show, a reprise of the original Mickey Mouse Club program from the 1950s. The producers, impressed with the talented youngster, referred Spears instead to the Professional Performing Arts School and the Off-Broadway Dance Center in New York City, because she was too young to conform to the format of the Disney show. With assistance and support from her family, the budding superstar availed herself of the opportunity to develop her talent. In 1991, at age nine, she moved with her mother and younger sister to New York City. There Spears enrolled at the professional school and began performing in live theater presentations and television commercials. In 1992 she returned to Disney studios to audition a second time for the Mickey Mouse Club. Spears was eleven years old and a show business veteran, and she easily secured a position on the show. Spears performed with the Mouseketeers for two years, during which time she worked with another

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For the Record . . .

B

orn Britney Jean Spears on December 2, 1981, in

Kentwood, LA; daughter of Jamie (a building

contractor) and Lynn (a schoolteacher) Spears; married Brian Federline, 2004 (divorced 2006); children: Sean Preston Federline, Jayden James Federline. Education: Off-Broadway Dance Center, New York City; Professional Performing Arts School. Singer, actor; appeared in television commercials; stage appearances include Ruthless, 1991; television appear-

to the New York-based manager Larry Rudolph, an entertainment lawyer, who secured a contract with Jive Records for the 15-year-old Spears, and in 1999 Jive released Spears’s first album, Baby One More Time, along with a single release of the album’s title song. Phenomenally, both the album and the single debuted on the music charts at number one. Spears became an overnight sensation. Her first album went “diamond” and sold 8.4 million copies by the end of the calendar year, to rate as the year’s second highest selling album. Early in 2000 she won an American Music Award for Favorite New Pop-rock Artist, along with two Grammy Award nominations for her debut album, which by then had sold more than ten million copies.

ances include series The Mickey Mouse Club, 1993-94; signed to Jive Records, 1997; released debut single, “Baby One More Time,” 1998, and debut album of the same name, 1999; toured with Backstreet Boys, 1998; embarked on solo tour, 1999; released Oops!ѧI Did It Again, 2000; toured in Dream Within A Dream tour, 2001; released Britney, 2001; appeared in film Crossroads, 2002; released In the Zone, 2003; released Greatest Hits: My Prerogative, 2004; released B in the Mix: The Remixes, 2005; released Blackout, 2007; released Circus, 2008. Awards: American Music Award, Favorite New Pop-rock Artist, 1999; Children’s Choice Award, 2002; Billboard Music Award for Hot Dance Single of the Year, 2004; Grammy Award, Best Dance Recording, for “Toxic,” 2005; Europe Music Awards, Album of the Year, for Blackout, 2007; Music Video Awards, Best Video by a Female, for “Piece of Me,” 2008. Addresses: Record company—BMG Entertainment International, 1540 Broadway, New York, NY 10036. Web site—Britney Spears Official Web site: http:// www.britneyspears.com.

soon-to-be diva, Christina Aguilera, and with Keri Russell (television’s Felicity), and ‘N Sync’s JC Chasez and Justin Timberlake. Following the cancellation of the Mickey Mouse Club, her friendship with Chasez and Timberlake led to a meeting between Spears and ‘N Sync manager Johnny Wright, an acquaintance that set her on the path to superstardom. Subsequently she moved into a regular spot as the opening act for ‘N Sync, and distinguished herself quickly as a solo act on her own merits. Her mother sent a demonstration tape

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Remained in Public Spotlight Spears took criticism from reviewers because of her spun-sugar-candy adolescent image, but her popularity on the record charts seemed proof of her talent. With her mother’s assistance, Spears developed her own personal Web site, which contained photos, videos, and fan photos. Spears also participated in online chats via the Disney Corporation and America Online. Spears’s appearances at the number one spot on the Billboard charts kept her consistently in the public spotlight. Her music video “Time Out With Britney Spears” rose to number one on Billboard’s music video sales in early 2000. Her hectic performance schedule in the first year of the millennium included appearances at the Baltimore Arena, Miami, Florida’s American Airlines Arena, Boston’s Tweeter Center, New World Music Theatre in Chicago, Cynthia Woods Mitchell Pavilion in Houston, and the Hollywood Bowl. Even in the midst of her stardom, Spears retained responsibility for household chores at her family home in Louisiana, and in between her exotic touring commitments and modeling assignments for designer Tommy Hilfiger she continued her high school studies. Spears also honored contracts to pose for posters and miscellaneous endorsements. As her career flourished, she transferred from her private high school in McComb, Mississippi, to a home schooling program, all the while retaining her “bubble-gum teeny-bopper” image. Appropriately, Time called her first album “cuddly.” As with any popular ingenue, Spears’s social life was a topic of great media interest. Her public relations contingency reinforced her youthful image with merchandise and other paraphernalia geared squarely toward children of elementary age and younger. In January of 2002, a Pepsi commercial featuring the singer debuted online at pepsi.yahoo.com two hours before its broadcast premiere in January of 2002. The marketing stunt elicited more than one million video streams in its first week. In May Pepsi aired a commercial that featured

Spears and Austin Powers (comedian Mike Myers) as part of a promotional campaign for the film Austin Powers in Goldmember. Spears also had a cameo in the film.

Arden to develop her own line of perfume and makeup. In September of 2004, she was married for the second time in one year, this time to Kevin Federline in Studio City, California. She told Laura Morgan in Teen People, “I kissed a bunch of frogs and finally found my prince.”

The Trials of Aging

In December of 2004, Spears won the Billboard Music Award for Hot Dance Single of the Year. Her song, “Toxic,” won a Grammy for Best Dance Recording. In September of 2005, Spears and Federline welcomed the birth of their son, Sean Preston. Spears told Jennifer Wulff in People, “We are ecstatic.” She added, “Everyone is happy, healthy and doing wonderful.” The couple were featured on a reality show that, as Spears told Morgan, “will show us falling in love. ѧ It’s going to be an exciting ride.”

In February of 2002 Spears appeared in the film Crossroads, and later that year she appeared in the Play Station 2 videogame Britney’s Dance Beat. Spears and then-boyfriend Justin Timberlake, after dating for more than two years, broke up in March of 2002. Her parents divorced after 30 years of marriage and she was caught smoking, which contrasted with her squeaky-clean image. However, her troubles did not prevent Spears from being named one of the 50 most beautiful people by People in 2002. She also topped the Forbes list of most powerful celebrities in June, ahead of other famous names such as golfer Tiger Woods, director Steven Spielberg, and singer Madonna. That same month, Spears signed with NASCAR to star in a feature film about auto racing; Britney Spears Productions was named as the production company for the film. During Spears’s 2002 concert tour, she faced criticism for her early exit from a concert in Mexico, for which she gave no explanation. After her tour ended, Spears announced she was going to take an indefinite hiatus from recording and performing; however, after three months off, she was back at work on a new album. In November she was honored with the Children’s Choice Award for her charitable efforts, which included a namesake foundation, a performing arts camp to benefit sick and disadvantaged children, and a gift of funds she raised during her Dream Within A Dream tour for children affected by the events of September 11. She released a book and DVD set, Stages, in November of 2002, featuring glimpses of Spears with her friends and family.

The pair’s ride may have been exciting, but it was not enduring. Spears gave birth to their second son, Jayden James, on September 12, 2006, and filed for divorce from Federline less than two months later, informing Federline of the filing by sending him a text message. At first the split did not appear to faze Spears much. She maintained a high profile, conducting an increasingly controversial lifestyle on the party circuit, and made plans for a new album in 2007. Before long, however, Britney Spears and her world began to fall apart. A custody battle was launched by Federline late in 2006, partly in response to reports of Spears’s heavy drinking, drugging, and partying with hard-living stars such as Lindsay Lohan and Paris Hilton. Far from toning down her act, Spears was photographed several times in November of 2006 at late-night parties, obviously not wearing panties. The star apologized for her behavior but continued to be seen and photographed at parties. A temporary agreement with Federline awarded custody rights to Spears with Federline on a thrice-weekly visitation schedule. Lost Custody of Children

Frogs and Princes Spears’s contract with Pepsi expired in 2002 and was not renewed; instead, the beverage company signed singer Beyonce Knowles. The performer’s business woes continued when she initiated a lawsuit with Skechers USA for $1.5 million, contending among other things that the footwear firm exploited her in international print ads. A lawyer for Skechers threatened a counter suit, saying Spears had refused to accept any of the designs that Skechers offered. Spears married a friend, Jason Allen Alexander, in Las Vegas on January 3, 2004. The marriage, widely regarded as a foolish stunt, was quickly annulled and officially ended two days later. In that same year, Spears signed on with cosmetics company Elizabeth

A downward spiral ensued for Spears, as attempts to kick her drug habit alternated with bouts of increasingly reckless behavior throughout 2007. Spears checked into rehab facilities twice, completing a program at the Promises Malibu facility in March. After her divorce from Federline became final on July 30, with a new joint custody agreement in place, Spears hit a parked car while driving without a valid California driver’s license. She was charged with several traffic-related offenses, and a court-imposed parenting coach reported that she often ignored her two children. Federline responded with a new series of court actions, and was awarded custody of the children in October of 2007. Also damaging from a public relations standpoint was a disastrous performance on the Video Music Awards telecast in September, where Spears appeared slug-

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gish during obviously lip-synched numbers. In the midst of these upheavals, Spears’s new album, Blackout, appeared in November. It made its debut at number two on Billboard’s pop sales chart, a disappointment by her usual standards, and none of its single releases became a chart-topper. By December, Spears was under legal attack on several fronts, and missed court appearances pertaining to the ongoing child custody dispute. In January of 2008, Spears was found locked in her bathroom, barely coherent and under the influence of an undetermined substance. She was briefly hospitalized and released, but on January 31 she was taken to the UCLA Medical Center, reportedly for a three-day mental evaluation at the request of her parents, physicians, and Los Angeles police. The singer’s father, Jamie, took control of her financial affairs. Seemingly on the brink of a complete breakdown or worse, Spears finally succeeded in making positive changes in her life. By August of 2008 she had once again been allowed to spend three days a week with her children, and a successful appearance introducing the 2008 Video Music Awards helped erase memories of the previous year’s disaster. The singer even took home an award for Best Video by a Female. Spears returned to music-making, rejoining one of her original producers, Sweden’s Max Martin, for work on her Circus album. Both the leadoff single, “Womanizer,” and the album itself rose to the number one position on their respective charts, and the album’s title track gave Spears another number one single. By April of 2009 the album had sold more than three million copies, and Spears was notching near-sellouts on an elaborate circus-themed tour of 36 North American cities. Once an ingenue, Britney Spears appeared to have achieved the status of survivor.

Selected discography Baby One More Time, Jive, 1999. Oops!ѧI Did It Again, Jive, 2000. Britney, Jive, 2001.

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In the Zone, Jive, 2003. Greatest Hits: My Prerogative, Jive, 2004. B in the Mix: The Remixes, Jive, 2005. Blackout, Jive, 2007. Circus, Jive, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, April 11, 2009, p. 50. Courier-Mail (Brisbane, Australia), January 19, 2000, p. 4. Daily Telegraph (Sydney, Australia), January 25, 2000, p. 34. Entertainment Weekly, September 17, 1999, p. 7; December 24, 1999, p. 28; January 14, 2000, p. 86; December 5, 2008, p. 21; March 27, 2009, p. 13. Newsweek, March 1, 1999, p.64; March 16, 2009, p. 61. People, February 15, 1999, p. 71; May 10, 1999, p. 114; October 3, 2005, p. 68; September 25, 2006, p. 68; November 27, 2006, p. 64; January 27, 2007, p. 54; January 21, 2008, p. 62. Record (Bergen County, NJ), January 4, 2000, p. A-2. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, January 15, 2000, p. 24. Sunday Telegraph (London, England), January 23, 2000. Teen, August 1999, p. 60-62. Teen People, June 1, 2005, p. 62. Time, December 28, 1998, p. 186; March 1, 1999, p. 71. Toronto Sun, January 14, 2000, p. 15; January 19, 2000, p. 49. USA Today, August 13, 2008, p. B11; September 8, 2008, p. D2.

Online “Britney Spears,” All Music Guide, http://wwww.allmusic.com (May 6, 2009). “Britney Spears’ Downward Spiral: A Timeline of Tumult,” MTV, http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1579025/200801 04/spears_britney.jhtml (May 6, 2009). “Britney Spears Hospitalized Again,” Reuters, January 31, 2008, http://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/ idUSN3128619820080131?feedType=nl&feedName=us morningdigest (May 6, 2009). Grammy.com, http://www.grammys.com/awards/grammy/ 47winners (February 14, 2005). —Gloria Cooksey and James M. Manheim

Esbjörn Svensson Pianist, composer

A

s leader of the Esbjörn Svensson Trio, or E.S.T., Swedish pianist Esbjörn Svensson forged a jazz sound that respected the core traditions of the genre yet borrowed from rock, classical, and other forms of music. As a result, E.S.T. attracted audiences from far beyond the usual circles of jazz lovers, and in Svensson’s native Sweden the band reached the top levels of pop sales charts. Svensson himself cared little about genre distinctions. “The only questions I ask myself while composing,” he told John Fordham of London’s Guardian newspaper, “are ‘do we have enough here for a story? Is there a nice journey going on here, are we avoiding repeating ourselves?’ That’s what I ask myself. Not ‘what kind of music is this?’” E.S.T.’s career was still on the rise at the time of Svensson’s accidental death in 2008. Esbjörn Svensson was born in the small town of Skultuna, Sweden, on April 16, 1964. Musical enthusiasm ran on both sides of the family; his father was a jazz lover, and his mother was a classical pianist who taught him to plunk out the chords to rock and roll standards like “Long Tall Sally” and “Blue Suede Shoes.” A classmate, Magnus Öström, had a set of drums made from old paint cans, and the pair enjoyed sheer musical experimentation. “We had no idea how to play, but it was a lot of fun. ѧ No one was telling us how to play,” he recalled, according to London’s Daily Telegraph. With another boy they formed a rockabilly-style trio. “I sang as well as playing the piano, trying to sound like Jerry Lee Lewis,” Svensson was quoted as saying in the Times of London. But they also dabbled in jazz.

Enrolling at the Royal School of Music in Stockholm at the age of 16, Svensson soon began playing in jazz and rock bands on the side. He continued to combine studies and side musical work for several years, playing keyboards in a band called Nils Landgren’s Funk Unit and joining drummer Frederik Noren for jazz dates in Sweden and Denmark. He studied at the University of Stockholm for a time. A turning point came in 1990 when he met Öström once again. The two decided to form a new jazz trio and soon afterward added bassist Dan Berglund. Influenced at first by American jazz pianist Keith Jarrett, who had a similar ability to draw listeners from beyond the jazz audience, the new Esbjörn Svensson Trio, often dubbed E.S.T., released its debut album, When Everyone Has Gone, on the small Dragon label in 1993. Sales were modest, but the album won Svensson a nomination as Swedish Jazz Musician of the Year. The band’s music was innovative, but in their early years they built audiences the old-fashioned way, by touring as energetically as they could. They appeared at numerous Swedish festivals and clubs, sometimes working with vocalists such as Viktoria Tolstoy and Louise Hoffsten, a practice they abandoned in their later music. With the 1996 album The Esbjörn Svensson Trio Plays Monk, the band began to gain wider notice as Svensson and his bandmates interpreted the individualistic compositions of American jazz pianist Thelonious Monk in fresh, unexpected ways. Winter in Venice (1997) added to E.S.T.’s renown with a Swedish Grammy Award for Best Jazz Album, and the band’s next release, From Gagarin’s Point of View, attracted the attention of the German distributor ACT. That signing, along with a successful appearance at the Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland that year, began to bring E.S.T. an international group of fans. Not all of those fans were jazz aficionados. Svensson’s compositions borrowed from rock music in their large climaxes, punctuated by passages of calm, and the same was true of E.S.T.’s stage shows, which featured lighting displays, fog machines, and the like. In what was probably a first in the jazz genre, the trio traveled with its own lighting designer as well as a sound engineer. As a result, E.S.T. attracted rock fans across Europe. In Sweden itself the trio was a presence on pop music charts, and their videos appeared on the Swedish branch of the MTV cable television channel. E.S.T.’s 2000 release Good Morning Susie Soho, named after a young woman the band met on a London street, marked another commercial step forward, cracking the pop top 15 in Sweden. By that time E.S.T. was augmenting their music with electronic effects, produced by Svensson at the piano, using guitar effects pedals, and by bassist Berglund. The band’s audience grew once again to encompass fans of elec-

Svensson • 169

For the Record . . .

B

orn on April 16, 1964, in Skultuna, Sweden; died

on June 14, 2008, in Stockholm, Sweden, from

injuries sustained in a diving accident; married, wife’s name Eva, children: Ruben and Noah. Education: Studied music at Royal College of Music, Stockholm, and University of Stockholm Played in jazz and rock bands in Sweden and Denmark, late 1980s; formed E.S.T. with percussionist Magnus Öström and bassist Dan Berglund, early 1990s; released debut E.S.T. album, When Everyone Has Gone, 1993;

on the American scene. E.S.T. recorded a new album, Leucocyte, and made plans to appear at New York’s JVC Jazz Festival and at the Manhattan club Le Poisson Rouge in the summer of 2008. After finishing work on the album, Svensson took off for a scuba diving holiday on the Swedish island of Ingar. A diving accident left him unconscious underwater. He was rushed to a hospital in Stockholm, but was declared dead on June 14, 2008. He left a wife, Eva, and two sons, Ruben and Noah. Leucocyte was released in 2009 and included a track titled “Ad Mortem” (To Death). In the words of critic Dave Gelly of the London Observer, “The trio’s method of recording—to begin playing with no preconceived plan except to rely on their almost telepathic mutual understanding—means that there can never be another E.S.T.”

released Esbjörn Svensson Trio Plays Monk, 1996; appeared at Montreux Jazz Festival, 1999; recorded 12 albums with E.S.T.

Selected discography

Awards: (with E.S.T.) Swedish Grammy Award, Best

When Everyone Has Gone, Dragon, 1993. E.S.T. Live ‘95, Prophone, 1995. Esbjörn Svensson Trio Plays Monk, Diesel, 1996. Winter in Venice, Diesel, 1997. From Gagarin’s Point of View, Diesel, 1999. Good Morning Susie Soho, Diesel, 2000. Strange Place for Snow, Diesel, 2002. Seven Days of Falling, Diesel, 2003. Viaticum, Spambolimbo, 2005. Tuesday Wonderland, ACT, 2006. E.S.T. Live in Hamburg, ACT, 2007. Leucocyte, 2009.

Jazz Album, for Winter in Venice, 1997; Guinness Jazz in Europe Award, for Strange Place for Snow, 2002; BBC Jazz Award, Best International Act, for Seven Days of Falling, 2003. Addresses: Web site—E.S.T. Official Web site: http:// www.est-music.com.

tronica, and by the first years of the new decade E.S.T. was arguably Europe’s most popular jazz band, holding stages in large European concert halls and at pop festivals. Their following was strong in Britain, where their 2003 release Seven Days of Falling earned them a BBC Jazz Award for Best International Act. E.S.T. toured the United States after the release of their Seven Days of Falling CD (2002), but Svensson told Fordham that getting recognition in America was “a hell of a job.” That goal seemed on the verge of being realized after E.S.T. released Viaticum in 2005 and Tuesday Wonderland the following year. In May of 2006 E.S.T. became the first-ever European jazz group featured on the cover of the venerable American jazz magazine Down Beat. After releasing the album Live in Hamburg in 2007, Svensson made plans for a renewed assault

170 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Sources Periodicals Daily Telegraph (London, England), June 17, 2008. Guardian (London, England), January 26, 2005, p. 15; June 17, 2008, p. 32; September 5, 2008, p. 7. New York Times, June 18, 2008, p. B8. Observer (London, England), September 14, 2008, p. 20. Times (London, England), June 17, 2008, p. 55.

Online “Discography,” E.S.T. Official Web site, http://www.est-music. com (May 2, 2009). “EST,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (May 2, 2009). —James M. Manheim

R

&B singer and songwriter Robin Thicke has performed on albums by 50 Cent and Lil Wayne, has written songs for singers such as Christina Aguilera, and has toured with Mary J. Blige. He is also a winner of the Soul Train Award for Best Male R&B Album and the VH1 Soul/Vibe Award for Breakthrough Artist of the Year. Although Thicke is white, he sings soul music, and has been dubbed “Soul Brother No. 1” by the Afro-centric magazine Giant.

Robin Thicke

Thicke grew up in show business. His parents, Alan Thicke (best known for his work on the sitcom “Growing Pains”) and Gloria Loring (known for her work on the soap opera “Days of Our Lives”), are both well-known actors; Loring is also a singer. He grew up in Beverly Hills, but as he told Chris Willman in Entertainment Weekly, sometimes having famous parents can be a liability. “If people know your parents before they know you,” he told Willman, “they might not give you the same shot on the first date.” His interest in music was apparent at an early age. When he was six, he told Brad Wheeler in the Toronto Globe and Mail, “I knew that I was connected to music. When other kids liked fire trucks and dolls and Barbies, I was all about the music.” He loved R&B music, especially that of Marvin Gaye, and the influence of Gaye and other soul singers would eventually shape the sounds of his own songs. He began writing music as a teenager, and even while he was in his teens, his songs were sung by performers like Brian McKnight and Brandy. He later wrote music for Usher, Mary J. Blige, and Michael Jackson.

Singer, songwriter

Evolution of Thicke’s Career

Jeff vespa/wireImage/Getty Iamges

His debut CD, titled A Beautiful World, on which he was billed simply as “Thicke,” was released in 2003. It was a commercial disappointment, even though it was widely promoted and received critical praise. Perhaps his race made many R&B listeners skeptical, or perhaps it was the wild mane of hair he had at the time. He joked to Elysa Gardner in USA Today, “My haircut was obviously the problem.” He also noted that at the time the album was made, he was feeling insecure about himself as a performer. “I was hiding,” he told Gardner. He was devastated by the album’s lack of success, but he realized that it might be because he wasn’t being fully honest about his life and his emotions. So, he told Gardner, “I started writing about what was going on in my life—no sugar-coating, no fear. And I thought, there have to be people who need to hear these things, and be healed the way I’ve been healed.” Thicke’s 2006 album, The Evolution of Robin Thicke, had a prophetic title, because with its release his career did start to evolve, he did start gaining attention, and he started attracting fans, although there were still those whose response was, as Kelefa Sanneh wrote in

Thicke • 171

less time worrying about the future; he wished he had just trusted that he would reach his goals, because then “I think I would have made a lot more music.”

For the Record . . .

B

orn Robin Charles Thicke on March 10, 1977 in

Los Angeles, CA; son of Alan Thicke and Gloria

Loring (both actors); married to Paula Patton (an actress). Released A Beautiful World, 2003; The Evolution of Robin Thicke, 2006; Something Else, 2008. Awards: Grammy Award, 2004, for Songwriter and Producer

of

Best

Contemporary

R&B

Album

(Confessions, by Usher); VH1 Soul/Vibe Award for Breakthrough Artist of the Year, 2007; Soul Train Award for Best R&B Male Album, for The Evolution of Robin Thicke, 2007; Grammy Award, 2009, for Songwriter and Producer of Best Rap Album (Tha Carter III, by Lil Wayne) and Best R&B Album (for Jennifer Hudson, by Jennifer Hudson). Addresses: Record company—Interscope Records, 2220 Colorado Ave., Santa Monica, CA 90404. Web site—Robin Thicke Official Web site: http://www. robinthicke.com/.

the New York Times, “Slow jams from the son of the guy from ‘Growing Pains’? No thanks.” However, his music began winning listeners over, and the album eventually won him the Black Entertainment Television (BET) Viewer’s Choice Prize. It also spent two weeks at the top of the Billboard R&B/hip-hop albums chart. In 2007 Thicke’s single “Lost Without U” spent eleven weeks in the number one spot on the Billboard R&B charts, making Thicke the first white man to hit the top of that chart since Jon B. in 1995. Thicke was elated; his happiness at finally having arrived eventually filtered into another song, “Magic,” whose lyrics encouraged people to believe in themselves and work to achieve their dreams. Thicke’s 2008 release, Something Else, was described as “one of the year’s best R&B albums” by Chuck Arnold in People. Leah Greenblatt, writing in Entertainment Weekly, called Thicke “a sort of musical medium” who conjures up the souls of singers such as Marvin Gaye, Stevie Wonder, and Curtis Mayfield; and she praised Thicke’s “light-footed ease with the material.” Thicke was relieved that he had finally achieved a level of success in R&B that he had been striving for. He told Mesfin Fekadu in the Arlington Heights, IL Daily Herald that he wished that, earlier in his career, he had spent

172 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

In 2009 Thicke was featured in a song by Lil Wayne, “Tie My Hands.” The song was Wayne’s response to the destruction of New Orleans by Hurricane Katrina. In Billboard, Shad Read called it Wayne’s “best song to date,” and described Thicke’s singing on the track as “spectacular.” The Issue of Race In any review of Thicke’s music, his race is always commented on. For example, Arnold wrote, “Is there a more soulful white dude on the planet right now than Robin Thicke?,” and added, “He’s pretty much an honorary brother.” In response to a question by Essence reporter Mitzi Miller about whether it bothered Thicke that his music was always categorized as “blue-eyed soul,” he said, “I think it’s a small-minded and stereotypical comment.” Race is an issue that Thicke often thinks about; his wife, Paula Patton, is African American. He told Wheeler that he believes in the common heritage of all humanity: “We’re all part of the same race.” He remarked to Fekadu that even though a black man such as Barack Obama could run successfully for president, our society still had a long way to go in fighting racism; although people might be restrained from overt racism, he said, “that doesn’t mean they changed the whispers. Nowadays, racism is in the whispering and it’s in the connotations.” Thicke met his actress wife, Patton, when they were in high school. He told Miller that it was love at first sight: “It seemed as if the light was shining only on her.” They’ve been together since 1994, and because she’s an actress, Thicke has had to deal with an unusual issue: he told Willman, “You learn that your wife’s body and soul are different things, and she might have to share her body [filming love scenes]. But she won’t give her soul away.” Similarly, Patton takes it in stride when Thicke’s fans express their love for him. He told Willman that he always says, “I’m married—hands off.” He commented to Miller that he has always dreamed of having a large family, but that he wanted to spend some time traveling with Patton first. Thicke has been grateful that he can spend his life making music; he admitted that he loves the sense of release that he gets from writing and singing a good song. He told Gardner, “Every month or two I’ll start a song and start crying, because I know the words are already starting to make me feel better.”

Selected discography A Beautiful World, Interscope, 2003. The Evolution of Robin Thicke, Interscope, 2006. Something Else, Interscope, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, February 28, 2009, p. 34. Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL), October 7, 2008, p. 12. Entertainment Weekly, March 2, 2007, p. 24; October 3, 2008, p. 75.

Essence, November 2008, p. 66. Globe and Mail (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), March 13, 2007, p. R1; June 26, 2007, p. R1. New York Times, March 17, 2007, p. B7. People, October 13, 2008, p. 49. USA Today, February 28, 2007, p. 4D. —Kelly Winters

Thicke • 173

A

Thievery Corporation Rock group

lthough they hail from the U.S. capital, the Washington D.C. duo of Rob Garza and Eric Hilton— otherwise known as Thievery Corporation—hardly seem all-American. They dress in swanky duds, run the coolest club in town, and incorporate a broad range of international influences into their music. For example, The Mirror Conspiracy, released in 2000, “is a warm slippery-stream of techno tropicalia, dub-lite, and 21st-century lounge,” according to Spin magazine’s Pat Blashill. To accentuate their global sound, Thievery Corporation, beginning in the mid 1990s, carefully cultivated a jet-setting cosmopolitan image. They wear custom-tailored suits, drive expensive cars, and take on lucrative offers to remix tracks for the likes of Stereolab and West African singer Baaba Maal. One of their best ironic gestures has been ordering credit cards that read THIEVERY CORPORATION. But while they play the game of putting on airs, Thievery Corporation have taken their musical experiments more seriously. Garza and Hilton span the globe for flavors, taking in everything from Brazilian and Jamaican to European and Indian. All of these sounds are then mixed with beats and vocals to create Thievery Corporation’s distinct sound, a sort of dub/bossa nova/ techno concoction that has won over critics in Europe

Joe Kohen/WireImage/Getty Images

174 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Rob Garza (born in 1970), DJ,

producer; Eric Hilton (born in 1967), DJ,

producer. Hilton opened Eighteenth Street Lounge and met Garza, 1995; released full-length debut Sounds From the Thievery Hi-Fi, 1996; released The Mirror Conspiracy, 2000; curated compilation album Sounds from the Verve Hi-Fi, 2001; released studio album The Richest Man in Babylon, 2002; released compilation album The Outernational Sound and released remix album Babylon Rewound, 2004; released The Cosmic Game, 2005; released two remix albums, 2006; returned with studio album Radio Retaliation, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Eighteenth St. Lounge (ESL), 1212 18th St.,Washington, D.C. 20036. Web site—Thievery Corporation Official Web site: http:// www.thieverycorporation.com/.

as well as the United States. Also apparent in the duo’s craftwork are portions of 1960s and 1970s soundtracks and the work of composers such as John Barry, set alongside snippets of jazz and pop. “Soundtracks are interesting because they incorporate so many different types of styles ѧ anything from classical elements, to African, to Brazilian,” explained Hilton, as quoted in an interview for Virgin Megastore Online. “You hear it all and it makes for interesting music.” In tune with a growing number of electronic musicians whose work transcends and/or meshes an array of genres, Thievery Corporation resists music industry labels. Reviewers have called their music everything from acid-dub to jazzy-lounge, yet such terms fail to fully describe the music they actually produce. Finally arriving at a somewhat appropriate description, one borrowed from Garza, Hilton suggested the term “other world” music. Early Musical Influences Prior to meeting and cornering the global/techno scene, both artists dabbled in music and were brought up in typical middle-class families. As a child, Hilton, born in 1967, was an avid record collector who loved Kiss and Parliament until the 1980s, when his tastes turned to classic British mod: 1960s ska, Northern soul, and a bit of rock. By the age of 17, he was already

deejaying at teen clubs around Washington, D.C. A self-described “idiot savant who can’t play an instrument but knows which sounds [I want],” as quoted by Julie Taraska in Billboard, Hilton nonetheless wanted a career in music. He began recording as early as 1990 by hiring a cast of musicians to help him create a mix of funk, acid-jazz, and bossa nova, which he released under the name Exodus Quartet on the New York label Instinct. The son of an ex-policeman who worked for a private security firm, Garza, born in 1970, grew up in Frederick, Maryland, and suburban Connecticut. Formally educated in music and later becoming a proficient engineer and producer, he listened to big band orchestras as a child and studied both classical and jazz piano. In his teens, Garza’s chief influences were punk, industrial and experimental music, and by age 16, he had built his own home studio. Previous to hooking up with Hilton, Garza recorded tracks under the names Dopamine and Jedi Mind Trick. Opened the Eighteenth Street Lounge After Hilton had some initial success promoting parties in Washington, D.C., he began searching for a home base. In 1995 he found a loft above a mattress store, where he opened a club, the Eighteenth Street Lounge, which was also the label name Thievery Corporation would soon record under. The club, which Hilton coowned, never needed to advertise to attract crowds. The Lounge was elegant, yet its atmosphere was relaxed. It offered three tiers of music, several bars, an outdoor patio, and music five nights a week. Hilton and Garza declined to serve as the club’s resident DJs. Rather, they preferred to make room for others, playing only sporadically themselves. The record label aspect of the venture came about in 1996, and after setting up offices in the back of the club, Thievery Corporation became Eighteenth Street Lounge’s first signing. Within five years, the label grew to house acts such as the drum ’n’ bass group Thunderball and funk/ breakbeat artist Ursula 1000. If not for the Eighteenth Street Lounge, Thievery Corporation most likely would not exist today. It was in 1995 that Garza came to the club soon after the opening, and while discussing music over drinks with Hilton, the two discovered that they shared some of the same ideas as well as an interest in the works of Brazilian composer Antonio Carlos Jobim and singer/guitarist Joao Gilberto, the man credited with inventing bossa nova. “We met through a mutual friend, and started talking about music,” Hilton recalled, as quoted by Virgin Megastore Online. “We bonded over Brazilian music, talking about ’60s bossa nova and how much we liked it.” Once the duo hit the studio, it was just a matter of experimenting with style before they were ready to record. “We found music in local, used record shops. Instead of looking in the rock bins, we’d look

Thievery Corporation • 175

over in the ones with soundtracks. We grew up with rock ’n’ roll and were looking for something a little bit different. We’d scour easy listening and soundtracks to find the most interesting music,” according to Virgin. In just a few short years, the duo built an impressive discography. In 1996 they released their full length debut, Sounds From the Thievery Hi-Fi, which sold over 100,000 copies worldwide and garnered international acclaim. Melody Maker’s Mark Roland described the album as “a whole mess of influences hewn from the mine of music and polished into a whole set of unique diamonds.” The year 1999 brought forth two more Thievery Corporation projects. They remixed a DJ Kicks compilation (issued on the K7 label), then released Abductions and Reconstructions, a collection of remixes the pair had produced for DJ Cam, Stereolab, and Gus Gus, among others. Worldwide, the records sold approximately 75,000 and 35,000 copies, respectively. The Mirror Conspiracy, released in August of 2000, was considered the duo’s most advanced work thus far. This time out, the duo relied more heavily on instrumentation, using Jamaican reverb, Far East psychedelia and sitars, and bossa nova horns. In November of that year, the duo set out on their first tour of North America. Brought Sound into New Millenium In 2002 Thievery Corporation presided over a compilation of jazz classics from the legendary Verve label. The compilation reached number three on the Billboard Top Jazz Albums chart, a reflection of the duo’s discerning taste and ability to create an interesting mix of tunes. That same year, Thievery Corporation released their third album, The Richest Man in Babylon. Largely considered little more than an extension of The Mirror Conspiracy, the album failed to excite critics, and Paul Cooper of Pitchfork Media termed it “a career low for Thievery Corporation and ESL.” However, the album performed well with devotees and landed in the upper reaches of the electronic music charts. Babylon Rewound, a collection of tracks from The Richest Man in Babylon that was remixed by Thievery Corporation and others, followed one year later. A mix compilation, The Outernational Sound, hit the streets in June of 2004. A blend of somewhat obscure vintage jazz and reggae, sprinkled with the occasional Thievery Corporation remix, The Outernational Sound offered what David Jeffries of the All Music Guide called “proof that Thievery Corporation are cool, know their stuff, and have great taste.” The duo’s fourth studio release, The Cosmic Game, followed in 2005. Peppered with big-name guest stars such as David Byrne (Talking Heads) and Perry Farrell (Jane’s Addiction and Porno for Pyros), the album nevertheless allowed Garza and Hilton’s chilled-out, internationallyinfused beats to shine. In Rolling Stone, Bill Werde observed that “in less capable hands, all this talent

176 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

might distract. On Game, it’s just another subtle, seductive element in the mix.” The following year Thievery Corporation returned to remixing with Versions, a dub-drenched compilation featuring tracks from a remarkably diverse collection of artists ranging from the Doors to Anoushka Shankar. As might be expected from an act dwelling in the nation’s capital, Thievery Corporation have a heightened sense of political awareness easily heard on their fifth studio album, the 2008 release Radio Retaliation. Calling on an array of musical talent, Radio Retaliation offered commentary on significant global issues such as African genocide. Discussing the album on the band’s Web site, Garza stated that “it’s hard to close your eyes and sleep while the world is burning around you. If you are an artist, this is the most essential time to speak up.” Thievery Corporation continued to spread their message into 2009, with an extensive U.S. tour featuring a headlining stint at California’s Coachella music festival.

Selected discography Sounds From the Thievery Hi-Fi, ESL, 1996. Abductions and Reconstructions (remix compilation), ESL, 1999. The Mirror Conspiracy, ESL, 2000. Sounds from the Verve Hi-Fi (various artists compiled by Thievery Corporation), Verve, 2001. The Richest Man in Babylon, ESL, 2002. The Outernational Sound (various artists compiled by Thievery Corporation), ESL, 2004. Babylon Rewound (remixes), ESL, 2004. The Cosmic Game, ESL, 2005. Versions, (remixes), ESL, 2006. AOL Music DJ Sessions Mixed by Thievery Corporation (remix compilation), INgrooves, 2006. Radio Retaliation, ESL, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, June 5, 1999; August 26, 2000; July 8, 2000. Melody Maker, May 30, 1998; July 11, 1998; July 17, 1999; July 24, 1999. Rolling Stone, August 31, 2000. Spin, September 2000. Village Voice, August 3, 1999. Washington Post, June 2, 1999; June 27, 1999; August 27, 2000; September 29, 2000.

Online ESL Music, http://www.eslmusic.com (May 8, 2009). Pitchfork Media, http://www.pitchforkmedia.com (May 8, 2009). Rolling Stone, http://www.rollingstone.com (May 8, 2009).

“Thievery Corporation” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (May 8, 2009). Thievery Corporation Official Web site, http://www. thieverycorporation.com (May 8, 2009). Virgin Megastore Online, http://www.vhost.virginmega.com (December 16, 2000). —Laura Hightower and Vanessa Vaughn

Thievery Corporation • 177

and Dunlop completed their courses. Healy, however, found it too difficult to concentrate on his songwriting as well as his education, and eventually dropped out of art college when he discovered that he was finishing more songs than paintings.

Travis

The fourth member of Travis, drummer Neil Primrose, previously worked at Glasgow’s Horseshoe Bar and knew Dunlop through his then-current band called Running Red. One night, Healy encountered Primrose at his place of work and asked the drummer to join his new band, Glass Onion, for which Dunlop was already the lead guitarist. Uniting with Healy, Dunlop, and two other members (neither being Payne), Primrose accepted the offer, and the group spent some time playing gigs in Glasgow, hoping to land a record deal. But as the months slipped by without label interest, Healy, Dunlop, and Primrose decided to make changes. They left their manager and the local club circuit, dropping out of sight for a year to write new tunes and rehearse. A Second Chance

Rock band

I

n 1999 Glasgow’s Travis became one of Scotland’s most popular exports, making headlines throughout the United Kingdom, gaining fans across Europe, and breaking ground in the United States. According to Rolling Stone’s Rob Sheffield, it’s easy to hear why: “Travis play sentimental pub rock at its warmest, with gorgeous guitar hooks and boy-next-door sincerity.” Heavily influenced by the classic rock sounds of Neil Young as well as by British pop bands, Travis drew musical comparisons to Radiohead—minus the science fiction effects—for lead singer Fran Healy’s ability to pull a song together with his choir-like tenor range vocals. But unlike some of Britain’s most popular acts of the late 1990s, Travis chose to ignore the chic London scene. Tossing life in the limelight aside, the members of Travis have claimed they are not in the business of making records simply for the glory, but rather for the sheer joy of performing their songs. While the band’s success, which arrived in the wake of their sophomore effort The Man Who, appeared to take place overnight, Travis’s ascent to pop stardom actually resulted after eight years of determination. Prior to forming in Glasgow in 1991, three members of Travis— singer/songwriter Fran Healy, guitarist Andy Dunlop, and bassist Dougie Payne—all held ambitions other than making records. Back then, they were attending Glasgow School of Art, where Healy, a painter, met Payne, a sculptor, at an evening life drawing class; the two artists became instant best friends. Payne later met Dunlop, a jeweler and silversmith, at the Fresher’s Week at the School of Art. All three continued with their studies while playing with the group, and both Payne

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Feeling ready to give music another try, the band returned to the Glasgow club scene, where they caught the attention of label executive Andy McDonald. McDonald encouraged Healy to sign a publishing contract with Sony/ATV Music, and he also found the group a new manager, Ian McAndrew, known for his work with the Brand New Heavies and Tim Simeon. McDonald himself was keen on signing the band to the fledgling Go! Discs, but ran into difficulties with parent company PolyGram Records. However, when Go! Discs folded and McDonald formed his own label, Independiente Records, he kept Travis in mind. Later, they would become the first act signed to McDonald’s new company. Meanwhile, Sony/ATV urged the group’s frontman to make another change: to find a new bass player and move to London. Responding to the suggestion, Healy visited his best friend’s home with a bass guitar in hand. At first Payne refused, but before long changed his mind and officially stepped in to complete the lineup in May of 1996. Subsequently, Healy, Payne, Dunlop, and Primrose said farewell to Glasgow, packing their bags and arriving in London with a new name, Travis, taken after the character in the acclaimed Wim Wenders film Paris, Texas. By now, Travis had recorded their debut single, “All I Want to Do Is Rock,” released in October of 1996 in a limited edition on their own Red Telephone Box Records. And with the success of the song, the same tune that had previously inspired McDonald, Travis became the first major signing to the newly-minted Independiente. A pivotal performance arrived a month later, when Travis appeared on the television program Later With Jools Holland alongside singer Lionel Richie, rock icon Sting, and hip-hop artist Tricky. Other

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Andy Dunlop (attended Glas-

gow School of Art), guitar; Fran Healy

(attended Glasgow School of Art, father of one), vocals, songwriting; Dougie Payne (attended Glasgow School of Art), bass; Neil Primrose, drums. Formed band in Glasgow, Scotland, 1991; relocated to London, released debut single “All I Want to Do Is

for Travis to accompany Oasis on a highly publicized arena tour, the up-and-coming band’s popularity took off. The single “Writing to Reach You,” released in 1999, soared to number 14 on the British charts, after which Travis made another television appearance on Top of the Pops. In May, “Driftwood” charted at number 13, making way for the release later that month of Travis’s sophomore album, The Man Who, recorded and mixed between the summer of 1998 and early 1999. “This album’s a wee bit more grown-up,” acknowledged Payne on the group’s Web site.

Rock,” 1996; released debut album Good Feeling, toured with Oasis, 1997; released The Man Who, 1999;

Rose to Number One

toured the U.S. for the first time, headlined at the Glastonbury Festival, 2000; released The Invisible Band, 2001; released 12 Memories, 2003; released The Boy with No Name, performed at London’s Live 8 concert, both 2007; released Ode to J. Smith, 2008. Awards: Brit Awards, Best Album, for The Man Who, 2000; Best British Band, 2000 and 2002. Addresses: Record company—Red Telephone Box/ Fontana Universal, 111 Universal Hollywood Dr., Ste. 500, Universal City, CA 91608. Web site—Travis Official Web site: http://www.travisonline.com.

opportunities arose as well, including dates with other prominent bands and more than 200 headlining club gigs, leading Travis to attract a strong, devoted following. Debut Made the Charts Consequently, when Travis released their debut album Good Feeling in the fall of 1997, they saw the effort rise straight to the top ten of the British charts. Recorded in just four days, the mostly live album—containing memorable singles such as “U16 Girls” and “More Than Us”—illustrated the group’s energetic performance style and earned favorable responses. “Good Feeling is clearly the most accomplished, heartstoppingly exciting British debut album since Definitely Maybe by Oasis,” stated Select magazine. Entertainment Weekly commented, “Healy stretches every lunkheaded syllable to its elastic limit, until those words bluster almost anthemic. And this Scot’s no one-hit wonder—11 more stunners spell stardom.” Nonetheless, Travis failed to make a major impression on the larger population until the band Oasis stepped in. After that group’s Noel Gallagher made a personal request

The Man Who won Travis numerous accolades, and in August of 1999 the album reached the number one spot on the British charts. The album would go on to sell over three million copies in the United Kingdom alone, and was the fourth-biggest seller that year in Travis’s homeland. Early the following year, Travis took home two Brit Awards (the United Kingdom’s equivalent of the Grammys), including Best British Group and Best Album. Although grateful for the recognition, Travis refused to dwell on the success, focusing instead on their music and where they wanted to go next. “If you’re popular, it’s a symptom of how many people have heard the songs,” Healy told Melody Maker. “The territory where nobody has heard your music, that’s how far you’ve got to go. It’s got nothing to do with awards.” Taking their songs overseas in February of 2000, Travis arrived in the United States for a short American tour, returning in the late spring as the supporting act on the Oasis tour. The summer of 2000 saw Travis performing at another important event, the Glastonbury Festival, the United Kingdom’s massive three-day summer concert. At Glastonbury 2000, Travis would share headlining duties with David Bowie and the Chemical Brothers. After this, Travis headed into the studio to record their third album. “I don’t really ponder on what we’ve done, I’d always just rather ponder on what we’ve yet to do,” Healy told Melody Maker. “Most of our energy is spent on moving forwards, rather than looking behind.” The group’s third album, The Invisible Band, followed in 2001. Led by the single “Sing,” the album offered a collection of songs about love lost and found, marked by the plaintive catchiness for which Travis had become famous. Writing in the All Music Guide, MacKenzie Wilson noted that “they’ve done it again, but with more internal charisma.” Returning to the United States, Travis played a series of dates supporting British chanteuse Dido before setting out on their own headlining jaunt. The Invisible Band achieved commercial as well as initial artistic success, reaching number 39 on the Billboard 200 and contributing to the band’s

Travis • 179

second nod for Best British Band at the 2002 Brit Awards. Later, however, many critics noted that The Invisible Band’s lack of innovation allowed the onceequal Coldplay to eclipse the Scottish tunesmiths. New and Old Directions Only months after the Brit Awards nod, a potentially tragic accident struck Travis drummer Primrose when he received head and spinal injuries while swimming in a pool. Travis was forced to cancel several European dates, and Primrose underwent major surgery in the fall of 2002. The drummer fully recovered, but his life-threatening experience informed Travis’s fourth album, 12 Memories. A darker and more somber record than the band’s previous efforts, 12 Memories expanded on Healy’s longtime repertoire of long songs to include politically charged protests such as “The Beautiful Occupation.” Rob Sheffield of Rolling Stone commented that these “John Lennon-style political rants ѧ are simple-minded and sincere, emotional rather than intellectual or ironic, and all the more powerful for it musically.” More than three years passed before the release of The Boy With No Name in 2005. Titled for Healy’s newborn son, the album also saw the return of Godrich, who had been notably absent from 12 Memories as the group’s producer. On the album the band developed a more complex sound, complemented by an increased depth of instrumentation. Despite this, the album seemed to offer what critics mostly categorized as more of the same. Pitchfork Media’s Eric Harvey commented that “while more albums like Boy will probably mean that the anonymity of Travis’ album titles will turn out to be a self-fulfilling prophecy, variations on the most prominent themes re-established here certainly feel like the proper moniker for the band to adopt.” However, the album charted in both the European and American top 100, showing Travis’s continued mass appeal. Soon after the release of the album, Travis played at the London segment of a star-studded Live 8, a worldwide concert event dedicated to raising awareness about global poverty levels. Ode to J. Smith, the group’s sixth album, appeared in 2008 on their own Red Telephone Box record label. An adventure into relatively brash territory for the group, Ode to J. Smith harkened back to Travis’s guitar-filled

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Britpop roots with mixed success. Mikael Wood observed in Entertainment Weekly that “the music crackles with an energy Travis haven’t mustered in years,” but Ian Cohen pointed out in Pitchfork Media that “while Ode to J. Smith was probably the most fun record for the band to make since Good Feeling, it’s also the worst one since then—and its problems are almost exactly the same.” By 2009 the band was gearing up for global tour dates to support their latest release.

Selected discography Good Feeling, Independiente/Sony/Columbia, 1997. The Man Who, (U.K.) Independiente, 1999; Independiente/ Sony/Epic, 2000. The Invisible Band, Independiente/Sony, 2001. 12 Memories, Independiente/Epic, 2003. The Boy with No Name, Independiente/Sony, 2007. Ode to J. Smith, Red Telephone Box/Fontana Universal, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Melody Maker, February 16-22, 2000; February 23-29, 2000, pp. 4-5; March 8-14, 2000, p. 4; March 15-21, 2000, p. 4. Rolling Stone, March 3, 2000; April 27, 2000, p. 66. Select, October 1997. Spin, February 16, 2000; May 2000, p. 62. Wall of Sound, February 2, 2000; March 3, 2000.

Online “History of the Brits, 2002,” Brit Awards 2009, http://www. brits.co.uk/show/history/2002 (May 8, 2009). “Ode to J. Smith,” Entertainment Weekly, http://www.ew.com (May 8, 2009). “The Invisible Band,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (May 14, 2009). “Travis: The Boy With No Name.” Pitchfork Media, http:// www.pitchfork.com (May 8, 2009). “Travis: Ode to J. Smith,” Pitchfork Media, http://www. pitchfork.com (May 8, 2009). Travis Official Web site, http://www.travisonline.com (May 8, 2009). “Travis: 12 Memories.” Rolling Stone, http://www.rolling stone.com (May 8, 2009). —Laura Hightower and Vanessa Vaughn

performing traditional European forms of music such as waltz, polka, and tangos, and American jazz, ranging from Glenn Miller, Benny Goodman, and Gerry Mulligan, to Charlie Parker and Ornette Coleman.

Gianluigi Trovesi Composer, clarinettist, saxophonist, band leader

M

ultiple award-winning composer, saxophonist, clarinetist, and bandleader Gianluigi Trovesi may not be a household name in the United States, but the Italian maestro is considered by some critics to be among the most talented and visionary European musical composers in any genre. Trovesi’s music defies easy categorization, as he blends many different elements into a heady mixture of jazz (of all persuasions, from big band to hard bop and free jazz), classical, opera, folk music, Broadway musicals, and pop. For example, his 2009 release, Profumo Di Violetta, seamlessly blended classical opera scores with a jauntiness that resulted in a musical concoction reminiscent of classic Hollywood film scores. Trovesi continued his hybridization of various musical styles on his 2003 album Fugace.

Trovesi was born in 1944 in Nembro, a small Alpine village in the northern region of Italy. In the liner notes for Profumo Di Violetta, Trovesi recalled the spirit of Nembro, which had a profound impact on his development as a musician. He reminisced about the musical performances by local musicians who gathered regularly to rehearse after completing their shifts at the local factory. He attended the Bergamo Conservatory in Donizetti, Italy, where he studied harmony, counterpoint, and fugue with Maestro Viottorio Fellegara. While studying formal music, he also saw American jazz bands who toured Italy, including Charles Mingus’s combo featuring saxophonist and bass clarinetist Eric Dolphy in 1964. After graduating from Bergamo in 1966, Trovesi played in Italian dance halls,

In 1978 Trovesi began a tenure as a teacher and member of the Milan Radio Big Band. His former career included a stint as teacher with Enrico Rava at the Stockholm Conservatory. The latter honor was bestowed upon him after he had won a national competition as an alto saxophonist and clarinetist. He also became a member of Milanese piano player Giorgio Gaslini’s jazz sextet, performing throughout much of Europe. Trovesi’s affinity for free jazz also led him to tour communist East Germany with Peter Kowald and Manfred Schoof, and meet future collaborators Gunter “Baby” Sommer and Connie Bauer. In 1980 Trovesi was invited to play in the all-star Clarinet Summit called together by European producer and music journalist Joachim Berendt. Also in 1978, Trovesi recorded his first album as a band leader, Baghet, which also featured Paolo Damiani on bass and Gianni Cazzola on drums. The album’s title is a reference to an Italian bagpipe indigenous to the Bergamo region. The album received the award for Best Record of the Year from the Italian Critics Association. The trio reunited for three more recordings, with Ettore Fioravanti eventually replacing Cazzola. The group earned distinction as the winner of the Musica Jazz Italian Top Jazz poll for best record in 1985. As the 1980s progressed, Trovesi limited his music teaching to the Siena Jazz Workshop. Trovesi continued to gig with many of Europe’s most admired jazz musicians throughout the 1980s and 1990s. He performed with legendary British keyboardist Keith Tippett as well as with French saxophonist Louis Sclavis and Italian trumpet players Enrico Rava and Paolo Fresu. He also collaborated with British saxophonist Elton Dean on a tribute to Ornette Coleman’s groundbreaking Free Jazz album of the early 1960s. In the 1990s, Trovesi formed his octet, featuring Pino Minafra on trumpet, trombonist Rudy Migliardi, bass players Roberto Bonati and Marco Micheli, cellist and saxophonist Marco Remondini, and percussionists Fulvio Maras and Vittorio Marinoni. The group’s first release, From G to G, earned the Italian Top Jazz poll in 1992, and the group won best Italian jazz band the following year. Down Beat magazine awarded the album its highest rating. The octet released a follow up, Les Hommes Armes, in 1996. Trovesi also became a member of the Italian Instabile Orchestra, an amalgam of Italy’s best jazz musicians, in 1991. In 1999 Trovesi released Around a Midsummer’s Night Dream, which was commissioned by the Le Mans, Paris La Villette, and Coutances jazz festivals in France. For this piece, Trovesi organized three trios—a

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For the Record . . .

B

orn in1944 in Nembro, Italy. Education: Gradu-

ated from Bergamo Conservatory, Donizetti, Italy,

1966. Won first prize in national competition for saxophone and clarinet, 1978; released first album, Baghet, as trio leader, featuring Paolo Damiani, bass, and Gianni Cazzola, drums, 1978; recorded solo debut, Les Boites a Musique, 1985; released Profumo di Violetta - Trovesi All’ Opera, 2009. Awards: First prize, Italian national competition for saxophone and clarinet, 1978; Italian Critics Association, Best Record of the Year, 1978; Musica Jazz Italian Top Jazz poll, winner for best record, 1985; winner of Italian

For his 2009 ECM release Profumo Di Violetta, Trovesi took as inspiration an event from his youth. He described in the album’s liner notes the regular concerts performed in his town by the Premiato Corpo Musicale, a group of mostly factory workers who performed for their townspeople. “They had been practicing for weeks, after their shift at the factory, and their preparations for the concert filled our courtyard with blares, trills, scales and arpeggios: the clarinet struggled with the staccato of the Overture of the “Nabucco”; the trumpet searched for the notes of the March from Aida; the tuba grumbled out Rossinian crescendos and the euphonium sang arias from Donizetti.” Trovesi dedicated the album to the Premiato Corpo Musicale, “and to all bandsmen, players, ‘musical angels’ of the Bands, the philharmonic wind orchestras ѧ who with their passion colored, color and will color our courtyards, our valleys, our lives.” While he may be little known in the United States, Trovesi is among modern music’s most challenging and rewarding composers and musicians.

Top Jazz poll, for Trovesi’s Octet recording From G to G, 1992; Italian Top Jazz poll, octet voted Best Italian Group and album, for Les Hommes Armes, 1996; Best Musician award for Italy, 1998 and 2000; named Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana, one of top honorific titles of Italy, by Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, chairman of the Italian Republic, 2001. Addresses: Record company—Tina Pelikan, ECM Records, phone: 212-333-1405, fax: 212-445-3509, e-mail: [email protected]. Web site—Gianluigi Trovesi Official Web site: http://www.gianluigitrovesi. com.

jazz trio with bass, saxophone, and drums; a classical string trio; and a folk trio with accordion and an Italian drum known as a tamburello. Trovesi’s 1999 album, Around Small Fairy Tales, was recorded with the Nembro Chamber Orchestra, and featured Trovesi’s daughter and son-in-law. All Music Guide critic Tom Schulte described the album’s blend of musical styles: “Rarely do you find such a fusion as effective and grand as in this ‘chamber jazz’ concoction. ѧ Every jazz bar follows with an allusion to Baroque or Renaissance forms before returning to something ‘trad.’ The effect is wondrous and magical.” Trovesi continued to bring home awards for such albums as 1995’s Radici, 2000’s In Cerca di Cibo, 2002’s Dedalo, 2003’s Fugace, 2005’s Round About Weill, and 2007’s Vaghissimo Ritratto.

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Selected discography Baghet, Dischi Della Quercia, 1978. Cinque Piccole Storie, Dischi Della Quercia, 1981. Dances, Red, 1985. Les Boites a Musique, Splasc(h), 1988. From G to G, Soul Note, 1992. Let, Splasc(h), 1992. Radici, EGEA, 1995. Les Hommes Armes, Soul Note, 1997. Around Small Fairy Tales, Soul Note, 1999. In Cerca Di Cibo, ECM, 2000. Round About a Midsummer’s Dream, Enja, 2000. Big Band Project, Enja, 2002. Fugace, ECM, 2003. Round About Weill, ECM, 2005. Vaghissimo Ritratto, ECM, 2007. Profumo di Violetta - Trovesi All’ Opera, ECM, 2009.

Sources Online All Music Guide, www.allmusic.com (May 13, 2009). ECM Web Site, www.ecmrecords.com (May 14, 2009). Gianluigi Trovesi Official Web Site, www.gianluigitrovesi.com (May 13, 2009). Additional material for this entry was obtained from the ECM press kit and liner notes for Profumo di Violetta - Trovesi All’ Opera. —Bruce Edward Walker

S

lide guitar virtuoso Derek Trucks is the nephew of Allman Brothers’ drummer Butch Trucks, and like that venerable Southern rock band, has devoted his life to keeping the traditions of blues rock alive in a contemporary context. Indeed, the blonde-haired Grammy-nominated guitar slinger has even taken the place of the ousted Dickie Betts in the Allman Brothers’ modern-day lineup. Further, as a musician for hire, he has impressed audiences the world over playing alongside such well-respected veterans as Eric Clapton, Bob Dylan, Buddy Guy, Junior Wells, Stephen Stills, McCoy Tyner, and Joe Walsh. Constantly creating music, he also tours with his wife, blues rock goddess Susan Tedeschi, as a headliner in the Soul Stew Revival.

Derek Trucks

However, it is with his own aggregation, the Derek Trucks Band, that the artist has made his greatest sonic statement. Aided by keyboard player Kofi Burnbridge, bassist Todd Smallie, percussionist Count M’Butu, and drummer Yonrico Scott, he has masterfully mined elements of blues, rock, soul, jazz, and Indian music to create a fresh, free version of blues-rock. In the process, he and his group have become jam band royalty. As for Trucks himself, after years of paying dues, recording for independent labels, and playing clubs non-stop, the 30-year-old appears ready to accept the torch handed down from the fading guitar gods of the 1960s and 1970s.

Guitarist, bandleader, songwriter

Played Gigs By Age Eleven

Christie Goodwin/Redferns/Getty Images

Trucks was born on June 8, 1979, in Jacksonville, Florida, to Chris and Debbie Trucks, and is the eldest of four children including David, Duane, and Lindsey. The nephew of Butch Trucks, he quite naturally was exposed to the music of the Allman Brothers on a regular basis, and his first name was inspired by Eric Clapton’s short-lived but highly influential band Derek and the Dominoes, which featured Duane Allman. “My parents were always spinning vinyl in the house,” he told Rolling Stone. “Eat a Peach, Live at the Fillmore East, and Layla by Derek and the Dominoes. Those were the sounds that I grew up to.” Family legend maintains that nine-year-old Derek paid five dollars for an acoustic guitar he found at a local garage sale. “It was nothing special,” he said in his online biography. “It was just the only thing that looked interesting.” Yet the youngster took a shine to the instrument immediately, learning all he could from his father and from a family friend. However, the steel strings of the guitar made his still developing fingers hurt, so he switched to slide guitar. Initially he used a steel slide piece, but after learning about the warmer properties of a glass or bottleneck slide, young Trucks switched over to a vintage Coricidan bottle, like the one

Trucks • 183

For the Record . . .

B

orn on June 8, 1979, in Jacksonville, FL; son of

Chris and Debbie Trucks; married Susan Tedeschi

(blues singer-guitarist), 2001; children: Charles and Sophia. Bandleader, guitarist, songwriter, and concert artist; jammed on stage with the Allman Brothers, 1990; formed first band, 1991; formed Derek Trucks Band, 1994; signed with independent Landslide label, 1997; recorded for House of Blues, 1997; became regular

his diploma, which he did before becoming a full-time pro. Learned to Play Indian Sarod Always seeking musical enlightenment, Trucks began auditing classes at the Ali Akbar Kahn College of Music in San Rafael, California, during the mid-1990s. That’s where he learned how to play the 30-string sarod, a stringed instrument used in playing Indian classical music, and the sarod changed the guitarist’s whole approach to making music. Earlier he had been content to conjure licks and runs, but exposure to eastern music stoked his desire to make his guitar sing like a human being.

member of Allman Brothers touring ensemble, replacing departing Jack Pearson, 1999; officially replaced Dickie Betts in the Allman Brothers, 2001; recorded for Columbia and Sony, 2003-06; toured with wife Susan Tedeschi as part of Soul Stew Revival, 2006-07; toured with Eric Clapton, 2006-07; recorded for Sony BMG’s new Victor label, 2008; has appeared on such national television programs as Late Night with Conan O’Brien and Austin City Limits. . Awards: Ranked 81st in Rolling Stone’s 1000 Greatest Guitarists of All Time, 2003. Addresses: Record company—Victor Records / Sony BMG Music, 550 Madison Ave., New York, NY 100223211, Web site: http://www.victor-records.com. Management—Entourage Talent Associates, 236 West 27th St., 8th Fl., New York, NY 10001, phone: 212-6332600, fax: 212-633-1818, Web site: http://www. entouragetalent.com. Web site—Derek Trucks Official Web site: http://www.derektrucks.com.

Duane Allman once used, and his style began to take shape. Trucks was playing gigs around town with much older musicians by the time he turned eleven years old. Often he learned fresh licks from these jam situations. Other times he would completely outshine more experienced professionals. Hoping to shield young Derek from the more unpleasant aspects of the music business, father Chris Trucks acted as road manager and merchandiser, a role he still fills today. Starting his first band at 12 and touring often, Trucks missed a lot of his high school years. However, his parents, who homeschooled him for two years, insisted that he earn

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The nucleus of the Derek Trucks Band was formed in 1994, and each member brought a different musical texture to blues and rock. Georgia native Todd Smallie was steeped in blues and jazz. Yonrico Scott, who spent his youth in Detroit, Michigan, was skilled in Gospel and Motown sounds. Eventually, after a few personnel changes, the Bronx, New York-born flutist and keyboard player Kofi Burbridge would join the group, as would Georgia-born percussionist Count M’Butu. Occasionally, Trucks’s younger brother Duane was pressed into service on a second drum kit. Early on, percussionist Javier Colon provided the main vocals, with Trucks himself pitching in now and then, but it wasn’t until the group latched on to Minnesota native Mike Mattison in 2002 that the band carried a vocalist who brought sufficient soul to their mix of imaginatively reworked cover songs and originals. Constantly busy, Trucks guested on albums by Cedell Davis, Tinsley Ellis, and Junior Wells before his band made its debut disc for the independent Landslide label in 1997,The Derek Trucks Band. Looking every bit the suburban teenager, Trucks surprised many with his confident playing and ambitious arrangement sense. Switching to the now-defunct House of Blues label for the 1998 release Out of the Madness, Trucks and company began letting the improvisational nature of their work run more freely. Once the group signed with Columbia and released the 2002 set Joyful Noise, their ability to mix Indian themes with soul and southern rock began to draw positive mainstream attention. “Boring a-- eclecticism is the hobgoblin of the jam-band nation,” wrote an impressed Christian Hoard for Rolling Stone, “but here the kid tames a stylistic sprawl with nothing more than a bottleneck slide.” Trucks felt a door had opened for him when the Allman Brothers sat in on one of his 1989 club gigs. Subsequently he was honored to take the place of departing Jack Pearson in 1999 and to fill Dickie Betts’s vacated spot in 2001. The slide guitarist is loved by Allman fans both for his familial connection to the band and for his sometimes spooky ability to conjure Duane Allman’s old sounds. Asked if he was worried about playing

Allman’s classic guitar solos for the faithful, Trucks told Rolling Stone, “It goes back and forth. On tunes he left an indelible stamp on, I have to pay homage in some small way.” Later he added, “If you completely leave what Duane did, people look at you kind of cross, like you’re burning the flag.” Performed and Recorded with Eric Clapton In 2001 Trucks married Susan Tedeschi, an equally remarkable blues exponent, and began to raise a family. Carefully balancing their home lives and incredibly hectic careers, the couple—who occasionally guest on each other’s recordings—stay musically sharp by periodically blending their bands and touring under the aegis of the Soul Stew Review. Of his wife’s musical skills, Trucks told Rolling Stone, “She keeps you on top of your game. If I go see her and she’s whuppin’ a**, I think, ‘I gotta step it up.’ You don’t want to be the guy slacking in this crew.” In an effort to stay home with their children, Charles and Sofia, the couple spent over $400,000 on their own backyard recording studio, called Swamp Raga, where Trucks builds up fresh ideas and now produces his albums. As the Trucks Band incorporated Jam Band fusion into 2003’s Soul Serenade and World music into the 2006 release Songlines, they began to earn some important fans. Among them was Eric Clapton, who asked Trucks to play alongside him on an upcoming album for J.J. Cale. The sessions went so smoothly that Clapton asked the younger guitarist to play the 2007 Crossroads Guitar Festival with him. Appearing with his band, featuring Tedeschi, working with blues-rock legend Johnny Winter, and backing Clapton, the hardworking Trucks found himself playing in three different bands across 17 countries. The upshot of all that exposure primed audiences for his 2009 release on Sony’s new Victor label, Already Free. Blending renditions of Bob Dylan’s “Down in the Flood” and Big Maybelle’s “I Know” with stirring originals and brass-laden arrangements, the album featured fewer solos and more concise song ideas. When asked about the newfound maturity in his sound, Trucks explained to Brian Braiker of Rolling Stone that his outside interests had positively affected his Derek Trucks Band offerings: “A lot had gone on between records, a lot of maturing as a human being, being around great musicians. Playing with Willie Weeks, Clapton and Santana and even being around the Allman Brothers makes you step away from your own work when you’re recording it and judge it harder—the chord changes, the content, everything. It was also nice to not focus on a guitar record. I think this one was much more song-and-feel oriented.” Upon its release, Already Free was the band’s highest charting album to date, registering impressive sales on the pop, blues, and rock charts. Despite this powerhouse success, Trucks characteristically was philo-

sophical when summing up for Rolling Stone. “It’s been a long road but sometimes when I do get a chance to stop and look back, you feel amazingly fortunate. We’ve worked hard as a band but so much of it is about being at the right place at the right time.”

Selected discography With the Allman Brothers Peakin’ at the Beacon, Epic, 2000. Hittin’ the Note, Sanctuary, 2003. One Way Out, Sanctuary, 2008.

Derek Trucks Band The Derek Trucks Band, Landslide, 1997. Out of the Madness, House of Blues, 1998. Joyful Noise, Columbia, 2002. Soul Serenade, Columbia, 2003. Live at Georgia Theatre, Kid Glove, 2004. Songlines, Sony, 2006. Already Free, Victor, 2009.

Sources Periodicals Rolling Stone, September 14, 2000, p. 121; April 12, 2001, p. 14; April 17, 2003, p. 114; March 23, 2006, p. 64; February 22, 2007, p. 42; March 5, 2009, pp. 52-55, 83.

Online “Allman Brothers,”All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (May 24, 2009). “Biography,” Derek Trucks.com, http://www.derektrucks.com, (May 24, 2009). “Derek Trucks,”All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com/cg/ amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:jzfwxqqgldte˜T1 (May 24, 2009). “Derek Trucks and Susan Tedeschi Soul Stew Revival,”Jam Base.com, http://www.jambase.com/Artists/51672/DerekTrucks-and-Susan-Tedeschi-Soul-R, (May 24, 2009). “Derek Trucks Band: Already Free,”Paste Magazine.com, http://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2009/02/derek_ trucks_band_already-free.htm, (May 24, 2009). “Derek Trucks Band,” Entourage Talent Associates, http:// www.entouragetalent.com/thederektrucksband (May 24, 2009). “Derek Trucks Band,”Victor Records.com, http://www.victorrecords.com/derektrucksband, (May 24, 2009). “Derek Trucks,”Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb. com/name.nm1596685, (May 24, 2009). “Derek Trucks Q&A: Guitar Hero on Jamming With Legends and Covering Dylan,”Rolling Stone.com, http://www. rollingstone.com/news/story/25523316/derek-trucks-qaguitar-hero-on-jamming-with-legends-and-covering-dylan, (May 24, 2009). —Ken Burke

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TV on the Radio Vocal group

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V on the Radio, in the words of the London Observer’s Kitty Empire, is “shaping up to be the thinking person’s musical outfit of choice.” With a diverse style encompassing electronic, alternative-rock, and funk elements, the Brooklyn, New York–based quintet seemed ready to assume the art-rock mantle passed down from bands such as the Talking Heads to TV on the Radio’s immediate inspiration, Radiohead. But there was a component to TV on the Radio’s 2008 breakthrough album, Dear Science, that wasn’t always present in that of other artistically ambitious rock bands: it was rhythmically vital, often danceable, and, even when the band’s lyrics contained downbeat political content, essentially fun. TV on the Radio began to come together in 1997 when Tunde Adebimpe, a Pittsburgh-born vocalist of Nigerian background, and producer David Sitek, who went on to work with the punk trio the Yeah Yeah Yeahs, met each other in a loft apartment building where both lived in the hip Brooklyn neighborhood of Williamsburg. Both were interested in music, painting, and film, and by 2001 their joint musical experimentation had resulted in the self-released 24-track CD OK Calculator. The name was inspired by that of Radiohead’s hit album OK Computer (1997). The pair promoted the CD tirelessly by distributing it around Brooklyn in coffeehouses, bookstores, and even cheap furniture stores, where they left copies in between the cushions of sofas. Soon they added vocalist and guitarist Kyp Malone, landed a regular club gig, took the name TV on the Radio, and released an EP, Young Liars.

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Needing a full band for a gig in Iceland, the trio added percussionist Jaleel Bunton and bassist Gerard Smith. All the group members had backgrounds in visual arts as well as music; in addition to the two co-founders, Smith had studied art history (and played flamenco guitar for tips in New York subways), Bunton was a cinematic scenic artist who had worked on actor Ethan Hawke’s version of Hamlet (2000), and Malone was a photographer. The new band successfully capitalized on the buzz generated by Young Liars with an appearance at the important SXSW (South by Southwest) independent music conference in Austin, Texas, in 2004. They were signed to the 4AD label, home to the veteran alternative-rock band the Pixies, and released their full-length debut, Desperate Youth, Blood Thirsty Babes, that year. The album married complex lyrics on themes of war, society, and love to a hard-hitting energy that paradoxically made the very studio-oriented TV on the Radio into an in-demand live act, with Sitek replacing some of his electronic sounds with beatboxing. The band appeared on the NBC network’s late-night television show Last Call with Carson Daly and at Britain’s giant Reading Festival. TV on the Radio was difficult for reviewers to describe, for the group was unique. Smith often played with his back to the audience, while Adebimpe accompanied his singing with samples of his own voice. The album won the Shortlist Music Prize and made an influential fan of veteran progressive rocker David Bowie, who told Killian Fox of the Observer, “I love the new record. I play it about three times a week. They have a strong link with the great body of American poetry, especially Beat poetry. The sampling, multitracking and mashing identifies them as the spawn of a techno-industrial society.” After a year of frenetic touring that left some of the band’s personal relationships in tatters, TV on the Radio took a break beginning in late 2004. They signed with the major label Interscope and released their debut for that label, Return to Cookie Mountain, in 2006, with a guest appearance from Bowie. Perhaps the densest and most downbeat of TV on the Radio’s full-length releases, that album touched the grim aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in its lyrics while featuring a mixture of brass and complex loops in the instrumentation. The album landed on several yearend ten-best lists, but, in Empire’s words, it “fixed TVOTR as doomsayers mired in their own dense sound.” TV on the Radio members, however, insisted that they had no desire to be either depressing or difficult. “We always wanted to reach a lot of people. We never wanted to be obscure,” Sitek told Jon Pareles of the New York Times. “If people are listening to us because we’re dark and brooding, great,” he added in TV on the Radio’s Web site bio. “But I think there’s a greater percentage looking for us to do something different with every album.” The band’s third major release,

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Tunde Adebimpe, vocals; Ja-

leel Bunton, percussion; Kyp Malone, gui-

tars, vocals; David Sitek, programming, guitars,

in which Leah Greenblatt wrote that the album “feels like a bridge from the past to a sonic future the rest of us just haven’t caught up to yet. ѧ In the end, when Tunde Adebimpe and co-vocalist Kyp Malone sing of a ‘Golden Age’—’the age of miracles, the age of sound’—it sounds less like wishful thinking than a promise.”

samples, synthesizers; Gerard Smith, bass, samples, synthesizers. Formed c. 2000 in Brooklyn, NY; founders Tunde Adebimpe and David Sitek released OK Calculator, 2001; signed to 4AD label; released Desperate Youth, Blood Thirsty Babes, 2004; signed to Interscope label; released Return to Cookie Mountain, 2006; released Dear Science, 2008.

The members of TV on the Radio branched out into solo projects after the completion of Dear Science: Adebimpe appeared in the hit film Rachel Getting Married, while Malone worked on a solo album, and Sitek found himself in demand as a producer, helming an album by actress Scarlett Johansson among others. But they remained committed to the band, which returned to the road in the spring of 2009. By that time, TV on the Radio seemed poised to become the new rulers of the large realm of art-rock.

Awards: Shortlist Music Prize, 2004.

Selected discography Addresses: Record company—Interscope Records, 2220 Colorado Ave., Santa Monica, CA 90404. Web site—TV on the Radio Official Web site: http://www. tvontheradio.com.

2008’s Dear Science, had a more upbeat tone, partly due to contributions from the horn section of the popular New York world-beat band Antibalas. The new attitude for the thoroughly multicultural group (whose only white member was Sitek, and whose African-American members had various ethnic backgrounds) might have been linked to the U.S. presidential campaign of Barack Obama that year, but Sitek downplayed that aspect, telling Fox that “If 45 Obamas got elected simultaneously and they all stuck to exactly what they said needed to be changed, then I’d be inclined to be a little more positive.” The songs on the album (with Adebimpe and Malone as the most frequent composers) were undergirded with strong bass lines. “The loose idea was that we wanted to make a dance record,” Adebimpe told Fox. “At our gigs in the States we can get a lot of crossedarm starers when we’re playing. So we thought it would be nice to come up with something that made it a little more difficult for people to just stand there.” Dear Science took TV on the Radio to a new level of critical acclaim, landing on best-of-the-year lists not only in alternative weekly newspapers but also in the mainstream Rolling Stone, Spin, and Entertainment Weekly,

OK Calculator, self-released, 2001. Young Liars, self-released, 2003 (EP). Desperate Youth, Blood Thirsty Babes, 4AD, 2004. Return to Cookie Mountain, Interscope, 2006. Dear Science, Interscope, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Austin American-Statesman, May 16, 2009, p. F2. Entertainment Weekly, March 19, 2004, p. L2T23; December 26, 2008, p. 96. Fort Worth Star-Telegram, October 29, 2008. Globe & Mail (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), March 24, 2007, p. R6. Guardian (London, England), January 10, 2009, p. 4. Independent (London, England), June 18, 2004, p. 17. New York Times, September 7, 2008, p. 61. Observer (London, England), September 14, 2008, p. 11; November 23, 2008, p. 15. Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN), October 6, 2006, p. F1; March 8, 2007, p. 18.

Online “Bio,” TV on the Radio Official Web site, http://www.tvonthe radio.com (May 4, 2009). “TV on the Radio: Our Own Personal Apocalypse,” L.A. Record, http://www.larecord.com/interviews/2008/11/06/tvon-the-radio-our-own-personal-apocalypse/ (May 4, 2009). —James M. Manheim

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prompting his interest in the instrument. “I was compelled to play guitar so that I could compete with my brother,” French told ToneQuest. French’s obsession with guitar grew more intense through his adolescent years, as he tried to out-play his brother. He formed his first band around 1965.

Twisted Sister Heavy metal band

T

wisted Sister dominated the 1980s glam-rock scene, scoring with hard-hitting anthems like “We’re Not Gonna Take It” and “I Wanna Rock,” which propelled the lingerie-wearing heavy-metal headbangers to fame on both radio and MTV. Between 1973 and 1987, Twisted Sister performed more than 9,000 shows, sold ten million records, and recorded 1984’s double platinum Stay Hungry. The group disbanded in 1987 but found its way back together in 2001, playing a post-9/11 benefit concert in New York City, their hometown. Concertgoers clamored for more, prompting Twisted Sister to start touring again. The band hit Europe in 2003 and discovered that its iconic act could still draw in the masses—the band filled concert venues with upwards of 40,000 fans. “I think that Twisted Sister’s resurgence is due to the fact that we must have made quite an impression the first time,” guitarist Jay Jay French told Rock Pages. “We were touring constantly and we stuck to our guns. Most of the bands make the mistake to think that they are more popular than they really are! They tend to overemphasize on that fake popularity and lose grip with their fan-base. Twisted Sister was quite the opposite. We were always available and ready to go out and do a show.” Formed by “Frenchman” Jay Jay French, a New York native, provided the driving force for the formation of Twisted Sister. Born in 1952, French grew up in Manhattan listening to steady doses of Harry Belafonte and Perry Como, courtesy of his parents. French’s older brother played folk guitar,

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French spent his teen years hanging out at the local guitar shops and dropped out of high school. During the late 1960s, he made frequent trips to New York City’s Fillmore East, a premier concert venue. There, he heard such greats as blues masters B.B. King and Johnny Winter. After hearing a concert, French would go home and try to emulate the style of the guitarist he had just heard. In 1972 French tried out for a band called Wicked Lester but was turned down. That band evolved into KISS. Soon, he was picked up by a band called Maxwell Benjamin, which performed radio hits and the music of the Allman Brothers. In 1973 French was asked to audition for a new band called Silverstar. The band played its first gig in March of 1973 at a lounge located next to Virginia’s Fort Lee army base. French played guitar, Mel Anderson played drums, and Michael “Valentine” O’Neill led on vocals. The audience consisted of about 30 people. By late 1973 Silverstar had changed its name to Twisted Sister. During the early years, Twisted Sister lacked original music and the band played covers from Alice Cooper, Lou Reed, David Bowie, and Mott the Hoople. The lineup changed frequently and continued to evolve. In 1975 Eddie Ojeda joined on guitar and Kevin John Grace took over on drums. By the late 1970s Mark “The Animal” Mendoza was playing bass. Made Mark As “Hid-Rock” Act Twisted Sister started to gel after Dee Snider joined in 1976 and became the group’s main songwriter and frontman. A New York native, Snider was born in 1955 and grew up on Long Island, New York. His mother, Marguerite, was an art teacher and his father, Bob, a state trooper and court clerk. Growing up, Snider honed his chops singing in an Episcopal Church choir. Speaking to Marcelle S. Fischler of the New York Times, Snider said he was a rebellious teen, often at odds with his parents’ wishes. “It was a quiet war. Dad wanted me to be a baseball player. Then I picked up the guitar and dropped the bat.” In 1982 A.J. Pero, another New York native, joined on drums, fortifying the band and completing the five-man lineup that would become famous. Speaking to Rock Pages, French said he noticed a change after Ojeda, Snider, Mendoza, and Pero came on board. “Dee started to write original material, and although we were still rejected by the labels, things were starting to build up. We had our own songs and were shaping up as a band. Dee had this unique idea to change constantly our set list and our clothes in order to give fans something extra to the usual show.”

For the Record . . .

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embers include Mel Anderson (left band in

1975), drums; Jay Jay French (born in 1952 in

New York, NY), guitar; Kevin John Grace (member from 1975-76), drums; Mark Mendoza (born in 1955 in Long Island, NY; joined in late 1970s), bass; Eddie Ojeda (born in 1955 in New York, NY; joined in 1975), guitar; Michael O’Neill (left in 1974), lead vocals; A.J. Pero (born in 1959 in Staten Island, NY; joined in 1982), drums; Dee Snider (born on March 15, 1955, in Massapequa, NY; son of Bob [a state trooper and court clerk] and Marguerite [a teacher] Snider; joined band in 1976), lead vocals. Band formed in New York City, initially playing under the name Silverstar, 1973; packed New York-area clubs, playing five nights a week, late 1970s–early 1980s; released first single, “I’ll Never Grow Up Now,” on its own label, 1979; signed with Secret Records, 1982; signed with Atlantic, 1983; released best-known album, Stay Hungry, 1984; broke up, 1987; reunited, 2001; began touring, 2003–. Awards: Inducted into Long Island Music Hall of Fame, 2006. Addresses:

Management—Rebellion

During the late 1970s, Twisted Sister performed five nights a week, hitting nearly every club within a 50-mile radius of New York City. By the early 1980s, Twisted Sister had a large and loyal following on Long Island— the band could pack a club—yet no record labels came forward because executives considered Twisted Sister a cult phenomenon that would have little mainstream draw. Nonetheless, members kept hammering away, giving their fans shows to remember. “My act is very, very tuned in to the negative aspects of my personality, anger, frustration, hostility,” Snider told Campbell during the band’s 1980s heyday. Snider went on to note that rock ’n’ roll provides a non-violent outlet for such feelings. “We have a positive message, as long as you consider rebellion positive, which I do. Personal freedom is the big thing in Twisted Sister songs, not sex, drugs or devil worship. Growing up in suburban tract housing, you need an escape. You need heroes.” Stayed Hungry for Success With no label, the band produced a few singles on its own. In 1979 Twisted Sister released “I’ll Never Grow Up, Now!,” following in 1980 with “Bad Boys (Of Rock & Roll).” British music critics liked the singles and lured the band to England. In the spring of 1982, Twisted Sister signed with a small British label called Secret Records. Soon, the band released its first studio album, Under the Blade, which gained traction in the United Kingdom. With their fan base growing in Britain, Twisted Sister was asked to open for the highly popular British metal band Motörhead. Atlantic Records finally noticed the band and signed Twisted Sister in 1983.

Entertainment,

2440 Broadway, Ste. 111, New York, NY 10024. Web site—Twisted Sister Official Web site: http://www. twistedsister.com.

Twisted Sister gained notoriety for its high-energy performances as well as its costumes. While most metal bands of the era donned denim and fringed leather jackets, Twisted Sister chose to go a different route, wearing women’s clothing and makeup. The band’s outfits, play sets, and theatrics evolved nightly. Members went on stage wearing mile-high platform boots, feather boas, fishnet stockings and hot pants, along with plenty of mascara and strange eye makeup. The antics kept fans coming back for more. At first the band could not afford proper costumes, Snider told Mary Campbell of Toronto, Canada’s Globe and Mail, so members improvised. “The cheapest thing was to rip up a piece of lingerie and make it work. We figured wearing grotesque feminine makeup on stage would shock people—guys acting tough and wearing makeup.” Snider called it “hid rock,” for hideous.

In 1984 Twisted Sister released Stay Hungry, which quickly climbed the charts on both sides of the Atlantic, topping out at number 15 on the Billboard 200. The band’s biggest two hits, “We’re Not Gonna Take It” and “I Wanna Rock,” appeared on this album. “We’re Not Gonna Take It” rose to number 21 on the Billboard charts, ending up as the band’s only top 40 hit. The video for “We’re Not Gonna Take It” stayed in heavy rotation on MTV. The video featured a punk rocking kid getting scolded by his domineering father, who goes crazy after spotting a Twisted Sister pin on the boy’s shirt. The boy strikes a chord on his electric guitar, the sound of which knocks the father out the window. The boy then spins around and transforms into Dee Snider, who takes over the antics from there. Filled with slapstick humor, the video helped the band gain notoriety, and the song became an anthem for teen rebellion. In 1985 Twisted Sister garnered negative press when Snider was called to testify before a congressional panel that was trying to institute a ratings system for offensive rock lyrics. In the end, the ordeal tarnished the band’s image, frustrating Snider, who insisted the band members were not the big partiers their image suggested. “Our name became connected to all that

Twisted Sister • 189

was wrong with rock-and-roll,” Snider told David Hiltbrand of the Philadelphia Inquirer. Twisted Sister released a few more albums but failed to sustain their former popularity. By the late 1980s, grunge was taking over, making their music seem outmoded. The rockers called it quits in 1987. After the band split, Snider worked in radio and hosted a syndicated metal show called House of Hair. Pero worked with two bands, Sonic Stomp and Tread. Ojeda released a solo album titled Axes 2 Axes and Mendoza did session work and voice-overs on commercials. French started his own music promotions company called French Management and Rebellion Entertainment.

beat. For someone who should be hanging it up, he’s pulling it off with style and grace.”

Selected discography Singles “I’ll Never Grow Up, Now!,” Twisted Sister Records, 1979. “Bad Boys (Of Rock & Roll),” Twisted Sister Records, 1980. “We’re Not Gonna Take It,” Atlantic Records, 1984. “I Wanna Rock,” Atlantic Records, 1984. “Leader of the Pack,” Atlantic Records, 1985. “Be Chrool to Your Scuel,” Atlantic Records, 1986.

Albums Still Popular After 30 Years In 2001 Twisted Sister played together in public for the first time in more than a dozen years, at the New York Steel benefit concert, which was raising funds for the families of firefighters and police officers killed during the 9/11 attacks. The concert also featured fellow New Yorkers Ace Frehley and Anthrax. Twisted Sister received a warm reception from the crowd, which inspired them to think about getting back together. The band volunteered to play some USO shows in South Korea to test the waters, then went on tour in 2003, playing mostly in Europe.

Under the Blade, Secret Records, 1982. You Can’t Stop Rock ’N’ Roll, Atlantic Records, 1983. Stay Hungry, Atlantic Records, 1984. (Remix) Under the Blade, Atlantic Records, 1985. Come Out and Play, Atlantic Records, 1985. Love is For Suckers, Atlantic Records, 1987. Still Hungry, Spitfire, 2004. A Twisted Christmas, Razor & Tie, 2006.

Sources Periodicals

By the mid-2000s, Twisted Sister was back in business, headlining shows in Bulgaria, Holland, Spain, Canada, Sweden, and Germany. In 2006 Twisted Sister played an outdoor show with the Scorpions in Quebec City, Canada, drawing a crowd of 80,000. That same year, Twisted Sister released a new disc, A Twisted Christmas, which included a heavy metal version of “O Come All Ye Faithful” set to the melody of “We’re Not Gonna Take It.” There was also a rendition of “Silver Bells” that brought to mind AC/DC. As of 2009, Twisted Sister was still touring, entertaining, and inspiring fans with about 20 shows a year and showing no signs of letting up. “As rockers grow older sometimes it is pitiful to see them on stage,” New York club owner Dave Glicker told the New York Times. He called Snider the exception. “He is still able to go on stage, pull it off and not look ridiculous. He is in good shape. His voice is still strong. He hasn’t missed a

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Billboard, October 14, 2006, p. 44. Globe and Mail (Toronto, Canada), August 4, 1984. Home News Tribune (East Brunswick, N.J.), December 22, 2006. New York Times, May 7, 1978, p. LI31; January 11, 2004, p. LI14. Philadelphia Inquirer, October 21, 2004, p. E01. Washington Post, December 20, 2002, p. T08.

Online “The French Connection,” Twisted Sister Official Web site, http://www.twistedsister.com/french.php (April 29, 2009). “Twisted Sister,” Rock Pages, http://www.rockpages.gr/detailspage.aspx?id=778&type=1&lang=EN (April 30, 2009). “Twisted,” ToneQuest Report http://www.twistedsister.com/ pdf/tqr-jj.pdf (April 29, 2009). —Lisa Frick

L

Umphrey’s McGee Rock group

ike other musical artists who have thrived in the digital age, Umphrey’s McGee has developed an ever-growing fan base by providing access to a steady stream of high quality live recordings. Their output and success at music festivals like Bonnaroo, High Sierra, and South by Southwest have allowed them to fill a void left by The Grateful Dead and Phish, while their ability to blend disparate and demanding musical styles has spawned favorable comparisons to progressive rock acts like Yes, Pink Floyd, King Crimson, Frank Zappa, and Genesis. One can also hear elements of jazz greats Mile Davis and Jaco Pastorius. Given the breadth of the band’s influences, it is not surprising that Umphrey’s McGee regularly infuses elements of rock, jazz, funk, country, and folk into a single performance. Calling themselves “Umphreaks” and “McGeeks,” their followers have put the group at the top of the alternative music world. Formed in South Bend, Indiana, in late 1997, they started as a merger of two Notre Dame groups known as Tashi Station and Stomper Bob. Guitarist and vocalist Brendan Bayliss is said to have copped the band’s name from his second cousin, Humphrey McGee. The remainder of the original Umphrey’s lineup included Joel Cummins on keyboard and vocals,

Jeff Kravitz/FilmMagic/Gety Images

Umphrey’s McGee • 191

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Brendan Bayliss, guitar; Jake

Cinninger (joined group, 2000), guitar; Joel

Cummins, keyboards; Andy Farag (joined group, 1999), percussion; Kris Myers (joined group, 2002), drums; Mike Mirro (left band, 2002), drums; Ryan Stasik, bass. Group formed 1997 in South Bend, IN; released debut album, Greatest Hits, Vol. 3, 1998; percussionist Andy Farag joined band, 1999; guitarist Jake Cinninger joined, 2000; released first studio album, Local Band Does O.K., 2002; drummer Mike Mirro left band, replaced by Kris Myers, 2002; released Mantis, 2009. Addresses: Management—Vince Iwinski, VIP Management, P.O. Box 577105, Chicago, IL 60657. Publi-

Graham Wiggins, a.k.a. Dr. Didg, on didgeridoo. Sucka documented the ease with which the band could move between different musical forms and styles while maintaining the energy and continuity demanded of a jam band. A few months later, they returned to the studio to record Local Band Does O.K. With Cinninger contributing a greater share to the compositions, the album displayed a substantially more complex progressive rock sound than their studio debut. With this release, Umphrey parted ways with the Street Gold label and with drummer Mike Mirro, who left to attend medical school. Mirro was subsequently replaced by the more jazz-oriented Kris Myers, formerly of Kick the Cat. Myers also maintained a side project with Cinninger and Bayliss, called Brain Damaged Eggmen, which played, of all combinations, Beatles and Pink Floyd covers. The first live effort to showcase the new lineup was Local Band Does Oklahoma, released in 2003. With no planned set list, the album was constructed around extended variations on “Der Bluten Kat.” The band initially market tested the recording on their Web site before releasing it on CD for a limited period.

cist—Madison House Publicist, phone: 303.413.8308, fax: 303.413.8314, e-mail: MadisonHousePublicist. com. Artist e-mail: [email protected].

bassist Ryan Stasik, and drummer Mike Mirro. Despite their scholarly background, they focused on honing live performances to achieve the flow and lively qualities of a jam band. Just months after their inception, the original members made a studio recording sarcastically titled Greatest Hits Volume III, as a credential for booking live performances. The album was released on the Street Gold label, which specializes in Doo-Wop and R&B. Tracks such as “Divisions” and “All In Time” remained part of their repertoire, but the limited release of this 1998 recording made it a hard to find e-Bay collectible. The following year they augmented their sound with percussionist Andy Farag and released a live CD called Songs for Older Women, which captured the most dynamic parts of a two-night gig. The set included favorites “2 x 2” and “Der Bluten Kat,” and has been out of print since 2002. In September of 2000, Umphrey’s McGee absorbed guitarist Jake Cinninger, formerly of a rival South Bend band called Ali Baba’s Tahini. Cinninger’s attentiongetting guitar work, vocals, and songwriting ability allowed the band to move in new directions while cementing their penchant for the heavy metal sound of bands like Led Zeppelin and Iron Maiden. Cinninger was classically trained and had shown innovative technical skill, including modifying the design of the tremolo arm of his guitars to make it easier to manipulate. The band’s first commercial effort to feature Cinninger was the 2001 release One Fat Sucka. The set also featured

192 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Their next studio release, Anchor Drops, arrived in 2004. Rather than extended jams, the album explored shorter and craftier themes, including four splendid instrumentals. Anchor Drops showed off the band’s art rock sensibilities, employing acoustic elements, analog synthesizers, and a horn section on the track “Wife Soup.” In 2006 McGee toned it down even further with the studio release Safety in Numbers, which emphasized the band’s softer, acoustic side with pared-down arrangements and noticeably fewer progressive rock elements. Surprisingly, it included appearances by 1980s pop-music icon Huey Lewis and jazz saxophonist Joshua Redman. The fact that the band could incorporate such elements so seamlessly was a further testimonial to their depth. The 2007 release Bottom Half capitalized on a wealth of material that did not make the cut in earlier studio sessions. It featured alternative takes, a capella numbers, and other experimental turns that were not immediately appreciated by their hardcore adherents. In an April 2007 interview with Jam Base, Jake Cinninger described the evolution of Bottom Half: “When we were assembling Safety in Numbers, we realized we had a theme going with a particular batch of songs. We didn’t want to get too crazy and too pompous and go, ‘Let’s put out a big double disc with way too much information on it.’ We’d rather have a nice concise record of 50 minutes, consistent music that flows really nicely together instead of trying to cram in too much info. ѧ We went back and remixed and added things᎑added horn sections, added Bela Fleck to a tune, just kinda went back and spruced things up. ѧ Every year we take on technology and our ideology changes with the way that we record. We have these old tunes, so it kinda gives us a chance to get them up to snuff.”

On the heels of that project, they released the double disc Live at the Murat, reminding everyone that they were one of the best live tickets around. In early 2009 they released the much-awaited and heralded Mantis. The album’s tracks are a return to the harder-edged rock of the band’s earlier days, but with a finer polish. Though lacking the spontaneity of some of their live recordings, Mantis showed how much Umphrey’s McGee has learned in the studio.

Selected discography Greatest Hits, Vol. 3, Street Gold, 1998. Songs for Older Women, Street Gold, 1999. One Fat Sucka, Street Gold, 2000. Local Band Does O.K., Umphrey McGee, 2002. Local Band Does Oklahoma, Umphrey McGee, 2004. Anchor Drops, SCI Fidelity, 2004. Safety in Numbers, SCI Fidelity, 2006. Bottom Half, SCI Fidelity, 2007.

Live at the Murat, SCI Fidelity, 2007. Mantis, SCI Fidelity, 2009.

Sources Online All Music Guide, www.allmusic.com (May 19, 2009). JamBase, http://www.jambase.com/Articles/10276/THEBOTTOM-HALF-OF-UMPHREY’S-McGEE (May 19, 2009). Last.FM, http://www.last.fm/music/Umphrey%27s+McGee/ +wiki (May 19, 2009). Progarchives, http://www.progarchives.com/artist.asp?id= 1833 (May 19, 2009). The Graham Weekly Album Review, http://georgegraham. com/reviews/umphrey.html (May 19, 2009). Umphrey’s McGee Official Web site, www.umphreys.com (May 19, 2009). —Bruce Edward Walker

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P

ortland-based singer-songwriter M. Ward gained a widespread fan base after the release of his first solo album, Transfiguration of Vincent, in 2003. Although Ward seemed to be an overnight success, he was by that time an indie rock veteran with a lengthy stint in the electronic band Rodriguez and two solo releases behind him. In the years that followed his breakthrough release, Ward recorded with some of Americana’s brightest lights including Lucinda Williams and Neko Case, and toured alongside indie rock powerhouses including Bright Eyes and Rilo Kiley. In 2008 Ward also became a part of the duo She & Him with actress Zooey Deschanel.

M. Ward

Born Matt Ward in Newbury Park, California, in 1974, M. Ward grew up in a home of diverse musical influences. Speaking to Tim McMahan of Lazy-I, Ward recalled that “my dad turned me onto Johnny Cash. He was always into gospel and country. My mom listened to classical music.” As a teenager, Ward taught himself to play guitar and soon became fascinated by the work of guitar pioneers such as Chet Atkins and John Fahey. By the mid-1990s, Ward had helped form the electronic music outfit Rodriguez. The trio released a handful of 12-inch singles, including 1998’s “Revolution (Mixes)” on the Marlboro label and 1999’s “That’s the Way (U Gonna Miss Me)” on X-It. The group attracted the attention of fellow Southern Californian Jason Lytle of the band Grandaddy, and Lytle produced Rodriguez’s first and only full-length album, Swing Like a Metronome, released by California independent label Devil in the Woods in 2000.

Singer, songwriter, guitarist, producer

Michael Tran/FilmMagic/Getty Images

In addition to his work with Rodriguez, Ward had been writing a number of solo acoustic songs that became his first solo album, Duet for Guitars Ⲇ2. Released in 2000 on the independent Ow Om label, Duet for Guitars Ⲇ2 relied on simple, low-fidelity techniques that allowed the essence of Ward’s Fahey-influenced guitar techniques and distinctive vocal patterns to shine through. Writing in the All Music Guide, James Christopher Monger observed that “Duet for Guitars Ⲇ2 sounds like a debut. It’s got some filler and it tips to the lo-fi end of the scale more often than not, but it’s brimming over with promise and timelessness.”

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Around the time of the release of Duet for Guitars Ⲇ2, Ward settled in Portland after stints as a literacy instructor in Chicago and Seattle. He quickly became a fixture of the Portland acoustic scene and developed a loyal, local fan base. In 2001 the Future Farmer label put out Ward’s second solo album, End of Amnesia. The record won critical praise for its thoughtful translation of vintage country and jazz influences into modern acoustic Americana. In his review of End of Amnesia, Ryan Kearney of Pitchfork Media noted that “whether it’s an old girlfriend who broke his heart or a musical devotion to deceased folk, country and blues artists, [Ward is] not about to forget the past. ѧ This is what makes Ward’s recollections worth hearing: in sound and word, he’s intent on remembering the past,

For the Record . . .

B

orn in Newbury Park, CA, in 1974.

Released two singles and one album with Rodriguez, 1998–2000; released debut solo album Duet for Guitars Ⲇ2 on Ow Om, 2000; released End of Amnesia on Future Farmer, 2001; signed to Merge Records, released Transfigurations of Vincent, 2003; Transistor Radio, 2005; Post-War, 2006; toured with Norah Jones, 2007; released Volume One as part of duo She & Him with Zooey Deschanel, 2008; released sixth solo album, Hold Time, 2009. Addresses: Record company—Merge Records, 409 E. Chapel Hill St., Durham, NC 27701, Web site: http:// www.mergerecords.com. Web site—M. Ward Official Web site: http://www.mwardmusic.com/.

but he’s too modern to let it define him.” This merging of old sounds with a contemporary sensibility has helped to define Ward’s signature style throughout his career, with the musician himself acknowledging that his inspiration is more likely to come from the sounds of decades long past than from the present day. Backed by positive critical attention, Ward joined the roster of the Merge label and released what would prove to be the career-changing Transfiguration of Vincent in 2003. The album won Ward increased critical and popular attention. Invitations to share the stage with indie rockers such as Rilo Kiley, Yo La Tengo, and Bright Eyes soon followed, and the album landed on Pitchfork Media’s 50 Best Albums of 2003 list. Ward, however, refused to let the increased popularity go to his head, telling Kristen Rask of NadaMucho.com that “being popular isn’t something I think about really. It doesn’t affect any of my decisions.” The rootsy Transistor Radio followed in early 2005, again winning Ward widespread critical praise. Featuring guest appearances from touring partner Jenny Lewis of Rilo Kiley among others, the album showed Ward’s continuing devotion to the sounds and styles of the past. Writing in Chicago Innerview, Don Bartlett noted that “Transistor Radio is lo-fi homage to the early days of radio ѧ a sonic snapshot of the days when an oversized radio was the centerpiece of a living room, streaming in folk and blues music from parts unknown.” Next, Ward tried his hand as a producer on Lewis’s 2006 solo debut, Rabbit Fur Coat. However, this work was quickly overshadowed by Ward’s own 2006 re-

lease Post-War. Fleshed out with slightly higher production values and filled what Pitchfork Media’s Joe Tangari called “beautifully realized songs and great musicianship,” the album graced numerous year-end best-of lists and garnered a trio of nominations—one for Post-War and two for Ward himself—from the Plug Independent Music Awards. In early 2007 Ward joined singer and pianist Norah Jones on the road as her supporting act, bringing his music to many new listeners and releasing the somewhat belated first single from Post-War, “To Go Home.” Ward seemed poised on the precipice of major crossover success and appeared for the first time on national late-night television. A re-release of Duet for Guitars Ⲇ2 later in the year on Merge capped off a period of rapid growth for the singer-songwriter. After the hubbub surrounding Post-War, Ward turned his attention to a new outlet. The success of a casual collaboration between Ward and actress Zooey Deschanel in 2006 spurred the two to develop a more formal project. Going under the moniker She & Him, the duo arranged and recorded an album based on a series of demos Deschanel had previously written. These tracks became the core of She & Him’s first album, Volume One, released on the Merge label in 2008. Pulling from the musicians’ love of classic music making, the album offered retro pop- and countryinfluenced tunes laid bare by Ward’s trademark simple production values. Called “a return to the glory days of AM radio” by Whitney Pastorek of Entertainment Weekly, Volume One received a nod as one of the best albums of 2008 from listeners of the National Public Radio (NPR) All Things Considered program. Shortly after the release of the album, the duo stated that they planned to release another album at some point in the future. First, however, Ward returned to his solo work, releasing his fourth album on the Merge label, Hold Time, in February of 2009. Featuring the talents of performers including Lucinda Williams and She & Him collaborator Zooey Deschanel, Hold Time offered a bigger, cleaner sound that pushed Ward ever closer to legitimate stardom. Writing in New York magazine, Karen Schoemer noted that “in the past couple of years, Ward has gone from just another downcast guy with a mumble, lousy hair, and a retro fixation to the embodiment of everything cool and hopeful about indie rock.” The months following the release of the album found Ward back on the road, bringing his folksy sounds to growing audiences in both North America and Europe.

Selected discography Duet for Guitars Ⲇ2, Ow Om, 2000; re-released on Merge, 2007. End of Amnesia, Future Farmer, 2001. Transfiguration of Vincent, Merge, 2003.

Ward • 195

Transistor Radio, Merge, 2005. Post-War, Merge, 2006. Hold Time, Merge, 2009. (With She & Him) Volume One, Merge, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Entertainment Weekly, March 28, 2008. New York, February 22, 2009.

Online “M. Ward,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic.com (May 9, 2009).

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“M. Ward,” M. Ward Official Web site, http://www. mwardmusic.com (May 11, 2009). “M. Ward,” Merge Records Official Web site, http://www. mergerecords.com/artists/wardm (May 9, 2009). “M. Ward: A friendly man, but not our friend. Yetѧ,” NadaMucho, http://www.nadamucho.com (May 11, 2009). “M. Ward: Crossing Generations,” Lazy-i, http://www.lazy-i. com (May 9, 2009). “M. Ward: End of Amnesia,” Pitchfork Media, http://www. pitchfork.com/artists/4553-m-ward/ (May 9, 2009). “M. Ward: Post-War,” Pitchfork Media, August 30, 2006, http://www.pitchfork.com (May 9, 2009). “M. Ward: Tuning Into the Past With Transistor Radio,” Chicago Innerview, http://www.chicagoinnerview.com (May 9, 2009). “She & Him,” She & Him Official Web site, http://www. sheandhim.com (May 11, 2009). —Vanessa Vaughn

P

erformers in the country music genre have often been through periods of hard luck, but few have been as successful at putting their personal histories into music as has North Carolina-born Jimmy Wayne. A foster child and high school dropout, and a runaway who ended up homeless as a teen, Wayne faced long odds in even getting his life back together, to say nothing of becoming a country star. He achieved both goals, and he has attributed his success in music to simple honesty about his background. “I think it’s just the fact that I tell the truth,” he reflected in his Web site biography, assessing the appeal of his music. “People love to hear somebody stand on the stage and sing something that’s real. ѧ It’s clear to me that what I’ve experienced, I’ve experienced for a reason and maybe that’s my calling is to tell that story. This is it. I don’t have a Plan B.”

Jimmy Wayne

Jimmy Wayne was born Jimmy Wayne Barber on October 23, 1972, in Kings Mountain, North Carolina. His family’s problems began when his biological father exited the scene when Wayne was still a baby. Wayne’s mother was imprisoned twice and also spent time in hospitals, and Wayne and his sister lived in several foster homes as well as with a grandfather. “We wouldn’t tell people we were foster children,” Patricia recalled to the Shelby, North Carolina Star, saying that the two would try to avoid letting other people see where they lived when they got off their school bus. “It was embarrassing because people thought we were trash.” Wayne bounced from place to place, attending 12 different schools in less than three years.

Singer, songwriter

KEVIN DIETSCH/UPI/Landov

Things went from bad to worse for Wayne when he was nine after his mother remarried; Wayne’s new stepfather, according to an interview published in North Gaston High School’s student newspaper, was a violent drug addict who once shot his way into the house during an argument with Wayne’s brother, then ordered Wayne into the car. “We parked somewhere, and he started punching me in the face,” Wayne was quoted as saying by the same paper. “I was bleeding and crying. He made me reload the gun. Then he took it back and held it to my head. He started mumbling something, and when I saw him turn his head away, I knocked his arm away from me just as he pulled the trigger. ѧ The next night, my brother came back for revenge. My stepfather grabs the gun again and says, ‘Get out of my yard.’ Then he points the gun at my sister-in-law and shoots her three times. He paralyzed her.” Wayne was placed in foster care again and then in a series of state-run group homes. He became a runaway, living for a time in an abandoned trailer and sometimes selling marijuana cut with dried tomato leaves to survive. On his fifteenth birthday he was arrested and held in a detention center. Wayne was eventually taken in by an elderly couple in Bessemer City, North Carolina, whose lawn he had mowed in hopes of earning some money. Their only conditions

Wayne • 197

For the Record . . .

B

orn Jimmy Wayne Barber on October 23, 1972, in

Kings Mountain, NC. Education: Gaston College,

Dallas, NC, associate’s degree in criminal justice. Co-wrote Tracy Byrd hit “Put Your Hand in Mine,” 1998; signed to Dreamworks label; released Jimmy Wayne, 2003; released Do You Believe Me Now?, 2008. Awards: Salvation Army, William Booth Award, for song “Paper Roses.” Addresses: Record company—Big Machine Records/ Valory Music, 1219 16th Ave. S., Nashville, TN 37212. Web site—Jimmy Wayne Official Web site: http://www. jimmywayne.com.

were that he cut his hair short and attend Sunday church services with them. He lived in the home of Russell and Beatrice Costner for six years, staying on after Russell’s death, and their assistance during that time helped Wayne get back on his feet. He earned an associate’s degree in criminal justice at Gaston College, paying his tuition by working at a textile mill, and got a job as a night-shift guard at the Gaston Correctional Facility. Through all of these experiences, Wayne enjoyed music. “I played at cookouts and everything I could around my hometown,” he stated on his Web site. “It didn’t matter what it was or if it was for two or three people, I would play anywhere and everywhere.” Writing poetry provided an outlet during the terrible events of his teenage years, and some of those events were included, directly or indirectly, in the songs that eventually were included on Wayne’s debut CD, Jimmy Wayne. “The Rabbit,” for example, was a song about what might happen if a hunted rabbit got control of a gun and turned on its pursuer. Continuing to work at his music, Wayne developed what he described to Dish as “drive and an incredible work ethic,” after everything he had been through. He moved to Nashville in the mid-1990s, having little idea of how the music business worked, but his collection of songs was strong enough to land him a job as a staff songwriter at the venerable Acuff-Rose publishing firm. Wayne’s breakthrough came in 1998, when he cowrote the top-ten Tracy Byrd hit “Put Your Hand in Mine” with singer-songwriter Skip Ewing.

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Nashville executive Scott Borchetta spotted Wayne’s talent and signed him to the Dreamworks label, which released Jimmy Wayne in 2003. The album spawned four singles, including the top-three country hit “Stay Gone” and “Paper Roses,” a song on the theme of child abuse and abduction that won Wayne the Salvation Army’s William Booth Award. Wayne seemed to be on his way to top-level stardom, but the collapse of Dreamworks in 2005 put another obstacle in his way. Wayne’s contract was not renewed when the remnants of the label were incorporated into the large Universal conglomerate. Wayne plugged on, gathering songs for a sophomore release and performing benefit concerts around his North Carolina home base. When Borchetta established his new Valory Music firm, he signed Wayne (along with country music superstar Toby Keith) to its associated Big Machine label. Wayne’s second album, Do You Believe Me Now?, was released in August of 2008. The album contained some of Wayne’s own compositions, including “Kerosene Kid”—another song about Wayne’s own upbringing. “When you smell kerosene on a kid at school, you just know that they have had a hard life because they heat by kerosene heater, and usually the kids who heat by a kerosene heater are poor kids. ѧ The smell would get in your clothes, and the kids would make fun of you,” he recalled to Brian Dugger of the Toledo Blade. But the album also included more upbeat fare. Its title track, written by a trio of Nashville songwriters (Dave Pahanish, Joe West, and Tim Johnson), brought Wayne his first number-one country hit after it was released as a single in late 2008. Other singles featured guest appearances by top-rank vocalists: country veteran Patty Loveless and pop-soul legend John Oates. With charismatic good looks and a growing body of fans drawn by his music and brutal but compelling life story, Wayne seemed to be a major rising star as of 2009.

Selected discography Jimmy Wayne, Dreamworks, 2003 Do You Believe Me Now?, Valory, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Blade (Toledo, OH), September 26, 2008. Charlotte Observer, November 1, 2007. Dothan Eagle (Dothan, AL), November 5, 2008. People, September 1, 2003, p. 41; September 29, 2008, p. 55. Star (Shelby, NC), April 19, 2009.

Online “Bio,” Jimmy Wayne Official Web site, http://www.jimmy wayne.com (May 3, 2009). “Country Artist Jimmy Wayne’s Incredible Life,” Dish, May 2009, http://www.dishmag.com/issue92/music-film/9522/ country-artist-jimmy-wayne-s-incredible-life (May 3, 2009).

“Fostering Success Stories,” NoGa Scratchin’ Post, North Gaston High School, Dallas, NC, http://www.gaston.k12. nc.us/schools/northgaston/Clubs/Sratching%20post/TSP %20spirng%202007%20b.pdf (May 3, 2009).

—James M. Manheim

Wayne • 199

Talan was really hot in the folk scene in Boston ѧ and I didn’t want to step on that, and she didn’t want to lose that. At the same time I sort of had this thing going in New York City where I started getting a little bit of attention and being able to do it. And Deb lived in Boston and I lived in New York. So it was easier to tiptoe in.”

The Weepies Folk duo

W

ispy, nearly ethereal vocals and subtle folksy production have convinced more than several dozen television and film producers to place music by The Weepies as background music for scenes that evoked introspection and romance. A duo consisting of the guitars, vocals and songwriting talents of Deb Talan and Steve Tannen, The Weepies specialize in intimate songs that slide easily into the subconscious and stick with the listener long after the initial exposure. This is an additional benefit for use in television soundtracks, as the viewer has little or no exposure to a newer, nearly unheralded group and therefore doesn’t allow the song to overshadow the onscreen drama. In a Puremusic interview posted online, Steve Tannen stated that his parents lived in Brooklyn, New York, for a time and that he grew up in Australia and Canada. “My dad just moved around a lot and sort of took us all with him,” he said. Deb Talan came from Boston, and Tannen came into possession of a tape of her music after moving back to New York. He told Puremusic that “around 2000 I started hearing about this girl from Boston named Deb Talan. I got a hold of her record ѧ and I just thought it was awesome. I started driving around in my car listening to it and harmonizing with it.” He continued: “I went up to play a show in Boston. I had just come out with my first solo debut record. And I was playing a show, and Deb Talan came to the show.” The pair immediately bonded, according to Tannen. “She said she liked my music, too. ѧ And then we played the songs with a guitar, across from each other, like until 4:00 in the morning. ѧ It took us about two years from there to sort of tiptoe into the joint thing, because Deb

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Part of the tiptoeing included playing on each others’ releases. Tannen played on Talan’s The Bird Flies Out solo release, and Talan appeared on Tannen’s Stopped at a Green Light. Tannen explained that there were many songs the couple had written together that didn’t fit on either album. They recorded these “orphan” songs as a joint project in a home recording studio. “We thought we’d put it out as a different musical entity,” Tannen told Puremusic. “We didn’t want to alienate the people who loved Deb, and were like ‘Who’s this guy?’ And we didn’t want to alienate the guys who liked me playing in a dive bar with a rock band.” In order to perform the new songs, Tannen and Talan put together a band that included guitarist Meg Toohey from Talan’s band and the bass player from Tannen’s group. The band played a sold-out concert at Club Passim in Boston, and subsequently released their home demo project, Happiness, as The Weepies. “We named ourselves The Weepies completely on a whim,” Tannen told Puremusic. “It was clearly sort of nakedly emotional. And we thought that’s what we want to do with music is get at that place where you weep from joy or from sorrow.” The couple then moved from Massachusetts to Pasadena, California. Tannen stated in the Puremusic interview: “Deb and I were living in Massachusetts in 2003—we had finally moved in together and we just were looking for a change. And a buddy of ours had a cottage [in the Santa Monica mountains], like a little grandma house in the back of their place, really small, but essentially rented it to us for like $500 a month. ѧ So that’s how we ended up in California.” The Weepies recorded their second group effort, Say I am You, for the Nettwork label, releasing it digitally in 2005 and as a compact disc in 2006. While touring extensively to promote Say I am You, Tannen and Talan married in 2007. They sold enough music on iTunes to place Say I am You at the top of the folk charts in eight countries. Shout outs from Snow Patrol’s Gary Lightbody and a request from Mandy Moore to co-write and record with her also helped The Weepies’ star to rise. Additionally, they performed as the opening act for the Indigo Girls’ tour for their album Hotel Café, and played festivals in Ireland, Germany, and Scotland. Television advertising campaigns for JCPenney and Old Navy used songs by The Weepies during the holiday season. The benefit of constant touring was a widely expanded fan base, but touring also had its downside. “[The year] 2006 was amazing,” Tannen wrote on the group’s Web site. “Coming off the road in 2007 should have been this blissed-out time with so much to celebrate, but it

For the Record . . .

M

embers include Deb Talan, vocals, guitar;

Steve Tannen, guitar, vocals.

Talan and Tannen met, 2000; released debut album, Happiness, 2004; released major label debut, Say I am You, 2006; the two were married, 2007; released Hideaway, 2008. Addresses: Press/Media—Rich Adams, Nettwerk Music Group, 1650 W. 2nd Ave., Vancouver, British Columbia V6J 4R3, phone: 604 654 2929, telefax: 604 654 1993; Web site: www.nettwerk.com. Web site—Weep-

vocals. There are bass, drums, and keyboards accents, but they play backup to Talan’s poignant lead vocals and Tannen’s euphoric harmonies. On this, the Weepies’ third album, the duo is bluer and deeper than before. The songs deal with lost or unattainable love, loss of innocence, and general romantic disillusionment.” The group’s music inspired Hollywood producers to place The Weepies’ music on film and television soundtracks, including the film version of Sex and the City, Grey’s Anatomy, Scrubs, and a performance cameo on Dirty Sexy Money.

Selected discography Happiness, Weepies, 2004. Say I am You, Nettwork, 2006. Hideaway, Nettwork, 2008.

ies Official Web site: http://www.theweepies.com.

Sources was totally depressing. Our rented shack in the California hills was cold, it had a leaky roof and there were mice living in it. Our electric guitar had been destroyed on the last plane flight of the year. We hadn’t seen most of our close friends in months.” The couple used the change of scenery as inspiration for their next album, Hideaway. “We were empty,” Talan said on the duo’s Web site. “We both felt dark after being in the bright lights for a year. We were looking to reconnect with what moved us about music in the first place. We needed to hide out and write.” Hideaway prompted All Music Guide critic j. poet to effuse: “Their music is poignant without being sappy, built on the foundation of their fluid acoustic guitar work and Talan’s understated

Periodicals Paste, Issue 41, 2008.

Online All Music Guide, www.allmusic.com (May 19, 2009). “A Conversation With Steve Tannen,” Puremusic, http://www. puremusic.com/87weepies2.html (May 27, 2009). “Interview with The Weepies’ Deb Talan & Steve Tannen,” About.com, http://folkmusic.about.com/od/interviews/a/ WeepieInterview.htm (May 19, 2009). Weepies Official Web site: http://www.theweepies.com (May 19, 2009). —Bruce Edward Walker

The Weepies • 201

S

ongwriter, producer, and arranger Norman Whitfield was among the key members of the creative team that propelled the Detroit-based Motown label to international success in the 1960s and early 1970s. The composer or co-composer of such familiar Motown hits as “I Heard It Through the Grapevine” and “Ain’t Too Proud to Beg,” Whitfield was equally influential behind the producer’s controls. With elaborate arrangements of songs with social and political content, he helped extend Motown’s run of success after the national mood of the United States darkened in the late 1960s. “Of all the brilliant writer-producers that Motown has given to the world, I believe none was more brilliant than Norman Whitfield,” Shelly Berger, the manager of the Temptations vocal group, told the Newark, New Jersey Star-Ledger after Whitfield’s death in 2008.

Norman Whitfield

Norman Jesse Whitfield was born on May 12, 1940, in New York City, according to the classic division of the Motown label’s Web site; other sources have given his birth year as 1941 or 1943. As a teenager he had few ambitions beyond improving his billiards skills, but he got interested in music after his family had car trouble and got stuck in Detroit, where he heard about work opportunities from a relative and decided to settle there. Whitfield had no musical training, but he noticed the early successes of musicians connected with the labels that coalesced into Motown. “When I saw Smokey Robinson driving in a Cadillac, to be absolutely point-blank, that’s what inspired me. I actually ran up behind him and asked him: ‘How do you get started?,’” he was quoted as saying in London’s Independent.

Songwriter, producer, arranger

AP Images

Joining a band called the Mohawks as a tambourine player and working at a service station, Whitfield began trying to get a job at Motown. After being turned down repeatedly and even chased off the premises by label founder Berry Gordy, he finally impressed Gordy with his persistence and musical smarts. In 1962 Whitfield was hired for $15 a week as a member of Motown’s quality control team. His job was to listen to Motown demo recordings and critique them in a report for Gordy, who would select songs for release. Soon Whitfield was trying his hand at songwriting, teaming with Marvin Gaye on “Pride and Joy.”

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With singer and songwriter William “Smokey” Robinson established as the producer for Motown’s top act, the Temptations, Gordy gave Whitfield production work with less prominent Motown groups like the Velvelettes and the Marvelettes. Co-writing with Motown staff songwriter Eddie Holland, Whitfield began to accumulate a catalog of hit songs like “He Was Really Sayin’ Something,” a moderate success for the Velvelettes in 1964 and again for the British female vocal group Bananarama in 1982. Whitfield got his shot with the Temptations themselves in 1966, and he rose to the occasion with “Ain’t Too Proud to Beg,” co-written with Holland and tailor-made for the gruff, passionate voice of Temptations vocalist David Ruffin. After the moder-

For the Record . . .

B

orn Norman Jesse Whitfield on May 12, 1940, in

New York, NY; died September 16, 2008, in Los

Angeles, CA, of complications from diabetes and kidney failure; children: four sons, one daughter. Signed to Motown label as quality control staffer, 1962; produced recordings by the Marvelettes and the Velvelettes, 1964; co-wrote and produced the Temptations song “I Know (I’m Losing You),” 1966; lead producer and arranger for the Temptations, 1966–73; formed Whitfield Records, 1974; wrote soundtrack for film Car Wash, featuring hit single by Rose Royce, 1976; produced the Temptations hit “Sail Away” for Motown, 1983. Awards: Grammy Award, Best Soundtrack Album, for Car Wash, 1977; Songwriters Hall of Fame, inducted 2004; Temptations won Grammy Award for Whitfieldproduced song “Cloud Nine.”

ately disappointing chart performance of the Robinsonproduced Temptations song “Get Ready,” “Ain’t Too Proud to Beg” was released as a single and gave Whitfield his first number one hit on the R&B charts. Another rivalry—a romantic clash with songwriter Barrett Strong, who vied with Whitfield for the favors of various women—helped propel Whitfield to the top of the heap at Motown. The pair realized that tensions between them shouldn’t get in the way of their obvious chemistry as songwriting partners. One of their first collaborations was “I Heard It Through the Grapevine.” Whitfield was excited about the song and recorded versions of it with various groups, including the Miracles and the Isley Brothers, but it was a recording by Gladys Knight & the Pips that scored a hit with both R&B and pop audiences in 1967. Whitfield recorded the song again with Marvin Gaye in 1968, using the technique (as he had with Ruffin) of pushing the singer into the top notes of his range. Gaye’s version was an even bigger hit, and the song eventually became a pop music standard. Whitfield’s technique of recording a song with several different artists, searching for just the right sonic landscape, was unusual, and it pointed toward the next phase of Whitfield’s career. “Arguably the first black/ African-American producer as auteur,” noted the Independent, Whitfield began to create complex arrangements making use of synthesizers and rock guitars.

Whitfield admitted that he was inspired in part by the pioneering soul-rock fusions of Sly & the Family Stone, but he and Strong combined stylistic fusions with new political and social themes in their lyrics. By 1968 the Temptations’ main producer, Whitfield created widely acclaimed hits like “Cloud Nine” (1968), which dealt with drug abuse, “Ball of Confusion” and “Psychedelic Shack” (1970), and the epic “Papa Was a Rollin’ Stone” (1972). A throwback to the romantic themes of earlier Motown music was the lush “Just My Imagination,” from the 1971 Temptations LP Sky’s the Limit. Those songs helped extend Motown’s run of popularity through the height of the Vietnam War era. One of the most political Strong and Whitfield compositions, “War (What Is It Good For?),” was recorded by the Temptations as an album track, but Gordy deemed it too political for a single release. Instead, Whitfield gave it to the little-known vocalist Edwin Starr, who scored a number one hit with it at the end of 1970. Another new Whitfield-produced group, the Undisputed Truth, got off to a strong start with the 1971 hit “Smiling Faces.” In the early 1970s Whitfield’s productions became more and more ambitious, culminating with the Temptations’ sprawling Masterpiece album of 1973. By that time, however, the group had begun to feel that Whitfield’s productions were overshadowing their own singing. In 1974, as part of the general upheaval surrounding Motown’s move from Detroit to Los Angeles, Whitfield left the label in 1974 and formed his own label, Whitfield Records. Its “W” logo was close to a simple inversion of Motown’s “M.” The new label notched several hits with releases by the Undisputed Truth, but its biggest success came with the band Rose Royce, which began at Motown as Edwin Starr’s backup group. The score for the 1976 film Car Wash earned Whitfield a Grammy award for Best Soundtrack Album, and the soundtrack’s title song, recorded by Rose Royce, topped both pop charts and what was by then called the soul chart in Billboard magazine. Whitfield produced several more albums for Rose Royce, returned briefly to Motown in the early 1980s to produce the Temptations’ comeback hit “Sail Away,” and finally drifted into retirement, living comfortably in Toluca Lake, California, off song royalties, despite a 2005 tax evasion charge. In 2004 he was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame. Plagued by diabetes and kidney problems, Norman Whitfield died in Los Angeles on September 16, 2008. He was survived by a daughter, Irasha, and four sons, Michael, Johnnie, Roland, and Bill.

Selected discography As producer The Marvelettes, The Marvelous Marvelettes, Motown, 1963. The Temptations, With a Lot o’ Soul, Motown, 1967.

Whitfield • 203

Marvin Gaye, I Heard It Through the Grapevine, Motown, 1968. The Temptations, Wish It Would Rain, Motown, 1968. The Temptations, Cloud Nine, Motown, 1969. Rare Earth, Ecology, Motown, 1970. The Temptations, Psychedelic Shack, Motown, 1970. The Temptations, Sky’s the Limit, Motown, 1971. The Temptations, Solid Rock, 1972. The Temptations, All Directions, Motown, 1972. The Temptations, Masterpiece, Motown, 1973. Car Wash (film soundtrack), MCA, 1976. Rose Royce, Rose Royce II: In Full Bloom, Whitfield, 1977. The Temptations, Back to Basics, Motown, 1983.

Sources Books George, Nelson, Where Did Our Love Go? The Rise and Fall of the Motown Sound, rev. ed., University of Illinois Press, 2007.

204 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Periodicals Guardian (London, England), September 19, 2008, p. 47. Independent (London, England), September 18, 2008, p. 36. Jet, October 13, 2008 p. 47. New York Times, September 18, 2008, p. B8. Star-Ledger (Newark, NJ), September 20, 2008, p. 19. Times (London, England), September 19, 2008, p. 83. USA Today, September 18, 2008, p. D2.

Online “Norman Whitfield,” All Music Guide, http://www.allmusic. com (May 3, 2009). “Soul Revolt: Remembering Norman Whitfield,” Vibe, http:// www.blogs.vibe.com/man/2008/09/soul-revoltremembering-norman-whitfield (May 3, 2009). “Today in Motown History,” Motown Records, http://www. classic.motown.com/todayinmotownhistory.aspx (May 3, 2009). —James M. Manheim

William Elliott Whitmore

father bought for him, at age 13. During his teen years he discovered punk and rap music. He said in an interview with Dietmar Stork for Southern Records, “Around the age of 15, I started reading skateboard magazines. I grew up very isolated, and that was my way into the outside world. And that’s where I was reading about Minor Threat and Public Enemy—all these great bands I could connect to because the attitude of a Blues song and the attitude of a Punk song are not so different.”

ith a gravelly voice that belies his young age, William Elliott Whitmore has earned widespread recognition for his stripped down musical explorations of death, loss, and redemption. Whitmore has toured with punk bands, winning over diverse audiences with his Americana music, and he has gained a devoted following while all the while defying any type of mainstream appeal. He established his musical reputation with a trilogy of albums that include Hymns for the Hopeless, Ashes to Dust, and Song of the Blackbird, released in 2003, 2005, and 2006, respectively. For his 2009 CD Animals in the Dark, Whitmore shifted his focus from his farm in rural Iowa to address issues of country and government that express a broader worldview.

In early 1995, when Whitmore was still a teenager, his father died of cancer. Just a few years later his mother was killed when her motorcycle was struck by a car. His parents’ deaths and the grief he endured inspired him to write songs as a form of therapy. He told Dan Bullock of OnMilwaukee.com, “I lost my mom and dad within a few years and I kind of went crazy ѧ didn’t know what to do. That’s why the songs have the subject matter that they do. There are regrets about things you did that you can’t do over or take back. It’s a horrible feeling, but through that I was able to sort things out.” By 1998 Whitmore had moved away from the family farm to live in Iowa City, where he met Joel Anderson, guitarist for the hardcore Iowa-based band The Vidablue, whose name later changed to Ten Grand. Through his friendship with Anderson, Whitmore began touring with the band as a roadie but also played sets, taking the stage with a stool and a banjo, and with that voice, which Angus Batey of the London Times described as “like the sound of bark being torn from a dead tree, as elemental and chilling as his choice of material.” Whitmore’s slow, mournful songs, at times sung a cappella, somehow did not produce the expected disconnect when played before Ten Grand’s loud hardcore punk crowd. The positive reception from audiences, one that critics have characterized as revered silence, surprised even Whitmore himself. He told Lomax in 2003, “Opening up for hardcore bands, I always think that they’re gonna throw rocks at me or my banjo, but everywhere I’ve been the punks have been warm and receptive.”

Whitmore was born and raised on a 150-acre horse farm in rural Lee County, Iowa, bordered on the east by the Mississippi River and located a few miles north of Missouri. He grew up in a musical family. His father, a farmer, played acoustic guitar, his mother played the accordion, and his grandfather played the banjo. He listened to hillbilly and bluegrass music on the radio as a child, and he has characterized himself as hillbilly, perhaps more for the influence of the landscape than for the music. In a 2003 interview with John Nova Lomax of the Houston Press he explained, “A lot of Iowa is flat, but where I’m from is really hilly. ѧ [It’s] really beautiful. I’m much more influenced by my surroundings than I am by any kind of music. Hell, I listen to more hip-hop than I do country these days.” Whitmore began singing when he was quite young, and he started playing guitar, a ten dollar Sears model his

While Whitmore was touring with Ten Grand, the band signed with Southern Records. After reps from the label saw Whitmore perform, they offered him a deal as well. Hymns for the Hopeless contained tracks with titles that reflected a sorrowful state of mind, such as “Cold and Dead,” “Pine Box,” and “Burn My Body.” Yet amid the dirges critics also noted a sense of hope that culminated in the album’s final song, “Our Paths Will Cross Again,” an uptempo, handclapping gospel tribute to his mother and father. With songs such as “Diggin’ My Grave” and “The Buzzards Won’t Cry,” Ashes to Dust, the second album in Whitmore’s trilogy, continued to delve into the subject of mortality while inching toward the notion of redemption in ballads such as “When Push Comes to Love,” “Lift My Jug,” and “Porchlight,” an evocative portrait of Whitmore’s father. When not touring, Whitmore lives on his family’s farm.

Singer, songwriter, guitarist, banjoist

W

Whitmore • 205

For the Record . . .

B

orn in 1978 in rural Lee County, IA.

Began writing songs as a teenager; toured with Iowa punk band Ten Grand as the band’s roadie and set player; signed with Southern Records; released debut album, Hymns for the Hopeless, 2003; released three more CDs with Southern: Ashes to Dust (2005), Latitudes (2005), and Song of the Blackbird (2006); recorded duet CD Hallways of Always with indie/ experimental rocker Jenny Hoyston, 2006; toured with Irish jig-punk band The Pogues, 2007; moved to ANTIRecords and released Animals in the Dark, 2009. Addresses: Record company—ANTI-Records, 2798 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90026, Web site: http:// www.anticom, phone: 213-413-7353. Web site—William Elliott Whitmore Official Web site: http://www. williamelliottwhitmore.com/.

ment; however, his songs are also layered with the addition of a full band, including strings, organ, and pedal steel guitar. Many of the songs on Animals have a political slant; Whitmore told Matt Fink of Paste magazine, “It’s my little attempt at a protest record.” While never mentioning names, Whitmore took aim against abuses of government in such songs as the opening track “Mutiny,” which is backed by the insistent martial beat of a snare drum. His focus takes aim at figures of authority who abuse power, such as police who intimidate and terrorize in “Johnny Law” and villains throughout human history in “Old Devils.” Fink wrote in his review that Animals in the Dark “is more of an indictment of human nature than a point-by-point critique of American politics.” Despite the grim subject matter, critics noted a particular sense of optimism woven throughout the songs. Todd Totale wrote in Glorious Noise that the album is rife with doom and gloom, but there’s a tenacious streak in the songs that implies they will overcome adversity. Whitmore remarked to Fink, “I wanted to make people think and also say that there is beauty in the world, and ѧ that’s how we beat them.” He added, “Not by declaring war on everyone but making a little beauty.” Fans of Whitmore await the singer/songwriter’s next explorations of unconventional beauty.

Selected discography The rural landscape has provided the inspiration for his songs, which he composes outdoors without writing them down. “That’s where I get the power from,” he related to Batey, “from the earth.” Song of the Blackbird, the final album in his trilogy, draws particular inspiration from the land and highlights the natural cycle of birth, death, and renewal. The album is characteristically sparse, with the emphasis on vocals, rudimentary banjo-picking, and acoustic guitar, although a couple of tracks do include a full band arrangement. Reviewing the album for All Music, Steve Leggett noted that, as with Whitmore’s previous two albums, there is not a great deal of variety in “the general dour, slowpaced feel of his songs.” However, he continued, “[While] it’s easy to view him as a scribe of the dire and the dying, there’s a stubborn kind of faith at the root of his songs, a sort of unsaid hope in redemption and renewal that puts tremendous faith in the rhythm of the soil.” In 2006, the same year Song of the Blackbird was released, Whitmore recorded the duet CD Hallways of Always with indie rocker Jenny Hoyston of the San Francisco-based experimental band Erase Eratta. Following these releases, Whitmore parted ways with Southern to sign with ANTI-Records. Once Whitmore had worked through the catharsis of his trilogy, he shifted his focus away from personal grief to troubles in the outside world. On his 2009 ANTI release Animals in the Dark, Whitmore’s resonant baritone voice has remained his most impressive instru-

206 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Hymns for the Hopeless, Southern Records, 2003. The Day the End Finally Came (EP), Southern Records, 2004. Ashes to Dust, Southern Records, 2005. Latitudes, Southern Records, 2005. Song of the Blackbird, Southern Records, 2006. (With Jenny Hoyston) Hallways of Always, Southern Records, 2006. Animals in the Dark, ANTI-Records, 2009.

Sources Periodicals Chicago Tribune, November 3, 2006, p. 22. Glorious Noise, February 23, 2009. Houston Press, November 23, 2003. Paste, March 16, 2009. Telegraph-Herald (Dubuque, IA), October 2, 2003, p. C1. Times (London, England), February 26, 2005, p. 14. Washington Post, March 13, 2009, p. T7.

Online “The Smoke-Stained Howl of William Elliott Whitmore,” OnMilwaukee.com, http://www.onmilwaukee.com/music/ articles/willwhitmore.html (April 15, 2009). “William Elliott Whitmore,” All Music, http://www.allmusic.com (April 15, 2009).

“William Elliott Whitmore,” ANTI-Records, http://www.anti. com/artists/view/57 (April 15, 2009). “William Elliott Whitmore,” Southern Records, http://www. southern.com/southern/band/WILEW/ (April 15, 2009). —Elizabeth P. Henry

Whitmore • 207

R

achael Yamagata’s music has been compared to that of Fiona Apple and Norah Jones; her husky voice and emotionally raw lyrics get to the heart of bad breakups and romantic obsessions. Indeed, she told Entertainment Weekly reporter Nancy Miller, “I’ve actually been in the middle of breaking up with someone, and while I’m crying—completely destroyed—I’ve thought, ‘This is going to make a great song.’”

Rachael Yamagata

Yamagata’s father, a lawyer, is of Japanese descent and her mother, a painter, has a German and Italian background. Her parents divorced when she was two, and she spent her childhood traveling between Washington, D.C., where her father worked, and New York City, where her mother worked. She was interested in music and performance from an early age, and when she entered college at Northwestern University in Chicago, she chose to study opera, theater, French, and Italian. She moved to Vassar for a while, but then returned to Northwestern. And while she was in Chicago, she joined the funk-fusion band Bumpus, playing tambourine and singing with them over a period of five years. When she wasn’t performing with them, she wrote hundreds of her own songs, recording them on a tape recorder. This long apprenticeship eventually began to wear on her because the kinds of songs she wrote didn’t fit the band’s style, so she could never perform the introspective music she liked to write. She told Ray Rogers in Interview that the band would practice for hours and that the other members, musicians and songwriters alike, were happy “getting their creative juices flowing and I didn’t have that outlet.” Her frustration eventually came to a head. “I had this complete emotional collapse, and I was like, ‘I just have to sing my own songs. I don’t care if it’s at an open mic.”

Singer, songwriter

On Her Own

Sarah J. Glover/MCT/Landov

The next day she sent out demos of her five-song, self-titled EP to record labels. Yamagata signed with RCA in 2003, and released her first major label record, Happenstance, in 2004. A Music Week reporter noted that the album was “worth the wait,” and put Yamagata’s music in a spot in between that of Norah Jones and Fiona Apple. Similarly, in Billboard, Mikael Wood wrote that the album “slotted easily into the early ’00s girls-gone-mild craze that erupted in the wake of Norah Jones’ success.” In Mother Jones, Jon Young also compared Yamagata to Norah Jones, but wrote that Yamagata had “more bite.”

208 • Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Yamagata spent two years touring after releasing Happenstance, and nine more months after that holed up and writing songs. In all, she wrote 160 songs during that period. On her Web site she commented, “I wasn’t being very social, so I didn’t have many distractions.” Yamagata had been released from her contract with RCA, so she was prepared to make her next album on her own if she had to, but she eventually signed with

For the Record . . .

B

orn on September 23, 1977, in Arlington, VA;

daughter of a lawyer and a painter. Education:

Attended Northwestern University, transferred to Vassar, then returned to Northwestern; studied French, Italian, opera, and theater. Played with Chicago band Bumpus for five years; signed with RCA in 2003; released Happenstance, 2004; ElephantsѧTeeth Sinking Into Heart, 2008. Addresses: Record company—Warner Bros. Records, 3300 Warner Blvd., Burbank, CA. 91505. Web site— Rachael Yamagata Official Web site: http://www. rachaelyamagata.com/

Warner Brothers. She compiled 25 of the 160 songs she had written into an album, and in 2008 released ElephantsѧTeeth Sinking Into Heart, a single record in two parts. On her Web site, she explained that she didn’t intend to make a two-part album, but that the material seemed to naturally divide into two styles: for the first set of songs, titled Elephants, “We used the sounds of rain, tree branches falling on the roof— whatever kept the mood true to this haunted studio in the first stormy days of spring.” The second set of songs, Teeth Sinking Into Heart, was “more anthemic, like a reclaiming of personal power.” She told Mitchell Peters in Billboard, “The record is darker and grittier [than Happenstance.] It’s a bit more like my live show. It’s gutsier than the last one.” Wood wrote that in comparison to Happenstance, the album is “an artier, more cerebral affair, with introspective arrangements full of chamber-goth piano and jagged-edged guitar.” The two halves of the album, taken together, depict the complicated emotions of troubled relationships. On her Web site, Yamagata acknowledged that focusing on material like this might lead listeners to conclude that she had a kind of “depressed obsession” with this material. However, she wrote, she believes she has more of “a fascination with human relationships and behavior.” She told Wood that she felt the album would not naturally appeal to the mainstream market, and that “nothing on it strikes me as a traditional pop-radio hit. If anything breaks it’ll be because the audience was waiting for this kind of sound.” Warner Bros. executives Perry Watts-Russel and Mitra Darab were behind her

all the way. They told Wood that they thought her music had a “cinematic” quality, and that many of them would be great background for movie scenes. “You could license every one of these songs,” Darab told Wood. Just as Happenstance was often compared to the work of Norah Jones, Yamagata’s second album evoked comparisons with the music of Fiona Apple. Yamagata told Miller that although on one level she was flattered by the comparison, on another level it made her uncomfortable and a little jealous, because it reminded her of being compared to a boyfriend’s beautiful, talented, wonderful ex-girlfriend. “And at a certain point I think, I can’t measure up to that. Can we stop talking about her? Maybe we can just keep talking about me?” Yamagata is not sure where she’ll go from here, but she knows what inspires her: emotional anguish. It’s not exactly consistent with her newfound musical success, so she joked with Miller, “I write when I’m sad and sometimes I worry, what if I get happy? For all I know, in five years I’ll be writing about my cats.”

Selected discography Happenstance, RCA, 2004. ElephantsѧTeeth Sinking Into Heart, Warner Brothers, 2008.

Sources Periodicals Billboard, January 17, 2004, p. 32; October 4, 2008, p. 47; October 11, 2008, p. 49. Entertainment Weekly, June 25, 2004, p. 164. Interview, November 2003, p. 54. Mother Jones, September-October 2004, p. 83. Music Week, May 7, 2005, p. 18.

Online “Rachael Yamagata,” IMDB, http://www.imdb.com/name/nm 1763235/bio (April 8, 2009). Rachael Yamagata Official Web Site, http://www.rachael yamagata.com (April 8, 2009). “Who’s That Girl?” Chicago Sun-Times, March 20, 2009, http://www.suntimes.com/entertainment/derogatis/14861 57,WKP-News-live20.article (April 8, 2009). “Yamagata Readying ‘A Record in Two Parts,’” Billboard, July 24, 2008, http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_ display.jsp?vnu _content_id=1003831577 (April 8, 2009). “Yamagata Wraps ‘Darker, Grittier’ New Album,” Billboard, February 2, 2007, http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/article_ display.jsp?vnu_content_id-1003548849 (April 8, 2009). —Kelly Winters

Yamagata • 209

Cumulative Subject Index Volume numbers appear in bold

A cappella Brightman, Sarah 45 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Bulgarian State Female Vocal Choir, The 10 Cole, Jim 54 Dixie Hummingbirds, The 41 Fairfield Four 49 Golden Gate Quartet 25 Haden, Petra 55 Also see Decemberists, The Also see Rentals, The Ladysmith Black Mambazo 60 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Moxy Früvous 45 Nylons, The 6 Persuasions, The 47 Rockapella 34 Sweet Honey In The Rock 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Take 6 39 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Zap Mama 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Accordion Buckwheat Zydeco 34 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chavis, Boozoo 38 Chenier, C. J. 15 Chenier, Clifton 6 Conjunto Bernal 63 Galliano, Richard 58 Jocque, Beau 51 Jordan, Esteban 49 Oliveros, Pauline 47 Queen Ida 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Richard, Zachary 9 Rockin’ Dopsie 10 Simien, Terrance 12

Atkins, Juan 52 Autechre 62 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Basement Jaxx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Boards of Canada 44 Carlos, Wendy 46 Chemical Brothers, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Cibelle 59 Cinematic Orchestra 52 Clark, Anne 32 Colleen 63 Collins, Sandra 41 Cox, Carl 43 Crystal Method, The 35 Deep Forest 18 Dimitri from Paris 43 Dirty Vegas 48 DJ Spooky 51 808 State 31 Esthero 58 Frankie J. 58 Front Line Assembly 20 Future Sound of London 41 Goldfrapp 59 Gus Gus 26 Hawtin, Richie 45 Holmes, David 31 KMFDM 18 Kraftwerk 9 Lamb 38 Lavelle, Caroline 35

Sheep on Drugs 27 Slater, Luke 38 Tall Paul 36 Tobin, Amon 32 2 Unlimited 18 Underworld 26 Van Dyk, Paul 35 Van Helden, Armand 32 Villalobos, Ricardo 53 Zero 7 49

Bandoneon Piazzolla, Astor 18 Saluzzi, Dino 23 Troilo, Aníbal 58

Banjo

Earlier sketch in CM 33 Dixon, Willie 10 Fell, Simon H. 32 Fender, Leo 10 Finger Eleven 66 Flogging Molly 66 Fourplay 66 Friesen, David 41 Haden, Charlie 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Hinton, Milt 33 Holland, Dave 27 Johnson, Marc 58 Kaiser Chiefs 66 Kaye, Carol 22 King, Chris Thomas 43 Kowald, Peter 32 Lane, Ronnie 46 Also see Faces, The Laswell, Bill 14 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Love, Laura 20 Mann, Aimee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 22

Neu! 32

Boggs, Dock 25 Bromberg, David 18 Brown, Alison 44 Clark, Roy 1 Crowe, J.D. 5 Fleck, Béla 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see New Grass Revival, The Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Lang, Eddie 60 McCoury, Del 15 Piazzolla, Astor 18 Scruggs, Earl 3 Seeger, Pete 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Weavers, The Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Nightmares on Wax 51

Bass

Silva, Alan 45

Oakenfold, Paul 32

Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The

Lords of Acid 20 Man or Astroman? 21 May, Derrick 51 Mouse On Mars 32 Múm 50

McBride, Christian 17 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The Meyer, Edgar 40 Miller, Marcus 64 Earlier sketch in CM 38 Mingus, Charles 9 My Morning Jacket 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Ndegéocello, Me’Shell 18 Parker, William 31 Peacock, Gary 48

Propellerheads 26

Brown, Ray 21 Carter, Ron 14 Chambers, Paul 18 Clarke, Stanley 3

Ambient/Rave/Techno

Röyksopp 57

Cohen, Avishai 42

Sweet, Matthew 9

Allien, Ellen 55

Russell, Arthur 50

13th Floor Elevators 47

Aphex Twin 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Sasha 39

Collins, Bootsy 8 Also see Golden Palominos

Shadow, DJ 19

Daft Punk 66

Was, Don 21

Sonnier, Jo-El 10 Yankovic, “Weird Al” 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Orb, The 18 Phoenix 59

211

Tisdale, Wayman 61

212 • Cumulative Subject Index

Also see Was (Not Was) Watt, Mike 22 Weber, Eberhard 41 Wells, Bill 34 Whitaker, Rodney 20

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Puente, Tito 14 Ray Condo and His Ricochets 26 Rich, Buddy 13 Rodney, Red 14 Roomful of Blues 7 Royal Crown Revue 33 Scott, Jimmy 14 Setzer, Brian 32 Severinsen, Doc 1 Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Sinatra, Frank 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Squirrel Nut Zippers 20 Stafford, Jo 24 Strayhorn, Billy 13 Teagarden, Jack 10 Torme, Mel 4 Vaughan, Sarah 2 Welk, Lawrence 13 Whiteman, Paul 17

Hot Club of Cowtown 46

Auldridge, Mike 4 Baldassari, Butch 43 Barenberg, Russ 63 Bering Strait 57 Bluegrass Patriots 22 Blue Highway 41 Brown, Alison 44 Brown, Clarence 58 Clement, Jack 57 Clements, Vassar 18 Country Gentlemen, The 7 Crowe, J.D. 5 Dickens, Hazel 35 Duhks, The 62 Flatt, Lester 3 Fleck, Béla 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see New Grass Revival, The Front Range 43 Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Pure Prairie League Grisman, David 17 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Jacquet, Illinois 17

Haynie, Aubrey 46

Brooks, Lonnie 54

James, Harry 11

IIIrd Tyme Out 40

Broonzy, Big Bill 13

Jones, Spike 5

Brown, Clarence “Gatemouth” 11

Jordan, Louis 11

Krauss, Alison 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Krupa, Gene 13

Krebs, Pete 43

Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers 32

Lewis, Laurie 56

Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Lee, Peggy 8

Lynn Morris Band 40

Lombardo, Guy 60 Madness 27

Martin, Jimmy 5 Also see Osborne Brothers, The

Burnside, R. L. 34

Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 See Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Cocker, Joe 54 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Collins, Albert 52 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Cotton, James 35 Cowboy Junkies 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Cray, Robert 46 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Davis, Guy 53 Davis, Jimmie 53 Davis, Reverend Gary 18 Diddley, Bo 3 Dixon, Willie 10 Dr. John 63 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Dupree, Champion Jack 12 Earl, Ronnie 5 Also see Roomful of Blues Estes, John 25 Everlast 27 Fabulous Thunderbirds, The 1 Ford, Robben 54 Ford, T-Model 41 Foster, Willie 36 Fuller, Blind Boy 20 Fulson, Lowell 20 Gatton, Danny 16 Guy, George “Buddy” 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Handy, W. C. 7 Harris, Corey 41 Hart, Alvin Youngblood 27 Hart, Beth 29 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Holiday, Billie 6 Holmes Brothers, The 35 Hooker, John Lee 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hopkins, Lightnin’ 13 House, Son 11 Howlin’ Wolf 6 Indigenous 31 James, Colin 66 James, Elmore 8 James, Etta 54 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jefferson, Blind Lemon 18 Jenkins, Johnny 60 Johnson, Big Jack 60 Johnson, Blind Willie 26

McGuire Sisters, The 27

McCoury, Del 15

Cale, J. J. 16

Johnson, Buddy 44

McKinney’s Cotton Pickers 16

McReynolds, Jim and Jesse 12

Campbell, Little Milton 58

Johnson, Ella 50

Miller, Glenn 6

Meyer, Edgar 40

Cassidy, Eva 35

Norvo, Red 12

Monroe, Bill 1

Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17

O’Farrill, Chico 31

Nashville Bluegrass Band 14

Parker, Charlie 5

New Grass Revival, The 4

Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Prima, Louis 18

Nickel Creek 40

Clapton, Eric 66

Big Band/Swing Andrews Sisters, The 9 Anthony, Ray 60 Arnaz, Desi 8 Asleep at the Wheel 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Atomic Fireballs, The 27 Bailey, Pearl 5 Basie, Count 2 Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Bellson, Louie 66 Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Berrigan, Bunny 2 Big Bad Voodoo Daddy 38 Blakey, Art 11 Boban Markovic Orkestar 62 Brown, Lawrence 23 Burns, Ralph 37 Calloway, Cab 6 Carter, Benny 3 Chenille Sisters, The 16 Cherry Poppin’ Daddies 24 Clooney, Rosemary 9 Como, Perry 14 Cornell, Don 30 Cugat, Xavier 23 DeFranco, Buddy 31 Dorsey Brothers, The 8 Eckstine, Billy 1 Eldridge, Roy 9 Ellington, Duke 2 Ferguson, Maynard 7 Fitzgerald, Ella 1 Fountain, Pete 7 Getz, Stan 12 Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Goodman, Benny 4 Henderson, Fletcher 16 Herman, Woody 12 Hines, Earl “Fatha” 12

Bluegrass

Louvin Brothers, The 12

Northern Lights 19 O’Brien, Tim 39 O’Connor, Mark 1 Osborne Brothers, The 8 Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Railroad Earth 51 Reverend Horton Heat 19 Rowan, Peter 51 Scruggs, Earl 3 Seldom Scene, The 4 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stanley Brothers, The 17 Stuart, Marty 9 Vincent, Rhonda 36 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Welch, Gillian 33 Wiseman, Mac 19

Blues Adams, Alberta 57 Allison, Luther 21 Ayler, Albert 19 Bailey, Pearl 5 Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Baldry, Long John 51 Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Barnes, Roosevelt “Booba” 23 Benoit, Tab 31 Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings 26 Bishop, Elvin 41 Black Keys, The 64 Bland, Bobby “Blue” 12 Block, Rory 18 Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bloomfield, Michael 40 Blues Brothers, The 3 Boggs, Dock 25 Bonfiglio, Robert 36

Brown, Clarence 58

Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War

Johnson, Robert 6 Jon Spencer Blues Explosion 54 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cumulative Subject Index • 213

Joplin, Janis 3 Kimbrough, Junior 41 King, Albert 2 King, B. B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Chris Thomas 43 King, Freddy 17 Korner, Alexis 51 Lang, Jonny 27 Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers 32 LaVette, Bettye 58 Leadbelly 6 Led Zeppelin 49 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Lee, Alvin 59 Lewis, Furry 26 Little Feat 4 Little Walter 14 Lockwood, Robert, Jr. 10 Los Lonely Boys 61 Mack, Lonnie 37 Mayall, John 7 Mayer, John 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 McClennan, Tommy 25 McClinton, Delbert 14 McDowell, Mississippi Fred 16 McGriff, Jimmy 66 McLean, Dave 24 McShann, Jay 41 McTell, Blind Willie 17 Memphis Jug Band 25 Memphis Minnie 25 Mo’, Keb’ 52 Montgomery, Little Brother 26 Muldaur, Maria 18 North Mississippi Allstars 39 Osborne, Joan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Owens, Jack 30 Patton, Charley 11 Perkins, Pinetop 54 Phelps, Kelly Joe 36 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Professor Longhair 6 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Redding, Otis 5

Spann, Otis 18 Spivey, Victoria 44 Strehli, Angela 58 Sunnyland Slim 16 Sykes, Roosevelt 20 Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tampa Red 25 Taylor, Koko 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Taylor, Otis 60 Tedeschi, Susan 45 Thornton, Big Mama 18 Toure, Ali Farka 57 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Trower, Robin 58 Trucks, Derek 66 Turner, Big Joe 13 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Van Zandt, Townes 13 Vaughan, Jimmie 24 Vaughan, Stevie Ray 52 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Walker, Joe Louis 28 Walker, T-Bone 5 Wallace, Sippie 6 Washington, Dinah 5 Waters, Ethel 11 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Watson, Johnny “Guitar” 41 Wells, Junior 17 Weston, Randy 15 White, Bukka 57 White, Josh 55 Whitfield, Mark 18 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Reed, Jimmy 15

Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Penner, Fred 10

Rich, Charlie 3 Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise 35

Witherspoon, Jimmy 19

Riders in the Sky 33

Yancey, Jimmy 54

Rogers, Fred 46

ZZ Top 2

Rosenshontz 9

Robertson, Robbie 2 Robillard, Duke 49

Whitmore, William Elliott 66 Whittaker, Hudson 20 Williams, Jody 51 Williams, Joe 11 Williamson, Sonny Boy 9 Wilson, Gerald 19

Buckwheat Zydeco 34 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chavis, Boozoo 38 Chenier, C. J. 15 Chenier, Clifton 6 Doucet, Michael 8 Hackberry Ramblers 43 Jocque, Beau 51 Landreth, Sonny 16 Queen Ida 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Richard, Zachary 9 Rockin’ Dopsie 10 Savoy, Ann 47 Simien, Terrance 12 Sonnier, Jo-El 10 Sturr, Jimmy 33

Cello Casals, Pablo 9 Chang, Han-Na 33 Darling, David 34 DuPré, Jacqueline 26 Feigelson, Yosif 35 Haimovitz, Matt 60 Harnoy, Ofra 49 Harrell, Lynn 3 Holland, Dave 27 Johnson, Marc 58 Lavelle, Caroline 35 Ma, Yo Yo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mørk, Truls 38 Rasputina 26 Rolston, Shauna 50 Rostropovich, Mstislav 17 Russell, Arthur 50 Savall, Jordi 44 Silva, Alan 45 Starker, Janos 32

Children’s Music Bartels, Joanie 13 Cappelli, Frank 14 Chapin, Tom 11 Chenille Sisters, The 16 Covert, Ralph 54 Glazer, Tom 48 Haack, Bruce 37 Harley, Bill 7 Lehrer, Tom 7 Nagler, Eric 8 Raffi 8

Sharon, Lois & Bram 6

Arends, Carolyn 45 Ashton, Susan 17 Audio Adrenaline 53 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Avalon 26 Becker, Margaret 31 Boltz, Ray 33 Boone, Debby 46 Card, Michael 40 Carman 36 Casting Crowns 59 Champion, Eric 21 Chapman, Steven Curtis 47 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Chenoweth, Kristin 55 Chevelle 44 Christafari 51 Crosse, Clay 38 Danielson 59 dc Talk 18 Delirious? 62 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Driscoll, Phil 45 Duncan, Bryan 19 Elms, The 44 Eskelin, Ian 19 4Him 23 Gaither, Bill 53 Grant, Amy 49 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Green, Keith 38 Hammond, Fred 36 Heard, Mark 48 Honeytree 58 Hunter, Ivory Joe 53 Innocence Mission, The 46 Jars of Clay 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Joy Electric 26 Keaggy, Cheri 54 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 King’s X 52 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Kirkpatrick, Wayne 50 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Lewis, Crystal 38 McGuire, Barry 45 MercyMe 56 Moore, Geoff 43 Morgan, Cindy 36 Mullen, Nicole C. 44 Mullins, Rich 35 MxPx 33 Newsboys, The 24 NewSong 56 Nordeman, Nichole 47 Normals, The 52 Norman, Bebo 58 Norman, Larry 42

Roomful of Blues 7

Cajun/Zydeco

Rush, Otis 12

Adcock, C.C. 52

Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Balfa, Dewey 49

Santamaria, Mongo 28 Shaffer, Paul 13

Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Shines, Johnny 14

Beausoleil 37

Christian Music

Smith, Bessie 3

Brooks, Lonnie 54

Adam Again 61

Paris, Twila 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Snow, Phoebe 4

Brown, Clarence “Gatemouth” 11

Anointed 21

Patti, Sandi 50

Balfa Toujours 54

Silverstein, Shel 51 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Wiggles, The 42

O.C. Supertones, The 40 Orrico, Stacie 47 Out of the Grey 37

214 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

D’Rivera, Paquito 46

Church, Charlotte 28

Fountain, Pete 7

Clayderman, Richard 1

Giuffre, Jimmy 64

Cliburn, Van 13

Goodman, Benny 4

Conlon, James 44

Harrison, Wendell 56

Copland, Aaron 2

Herman, Woody 12

Corigliano, John 34

Koffman, Moe 34

Davis, Anthony 17

Lyttelton, Humphrey 66 Pine, Courtney 51

Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Russell, Pee Wee 25

Davis, Colin 27

Eroica Trio 47 Feigelson, Yosif 35 Fiedler, Arthur 6 5 Browns, The 59 Fleming, Renee 24 Galimir, Felix 36 Galway, James 3 Gardiner, John Eliot 26 Gingold, Josef 6 Glennie, Evelyn 33 Golijov, Osvaldo 59 Gould, Glenn 9 Gould, Morton 16 Grimaud, Hélène 35 Hahn, Hilary 30 Haimovitz, Matt 60 Hamelin, Marc-André 33 Hampson, Thomas 12 Harnoy, Ofra 49 Harrell, Lynn 3 Hayes, Roland 13 Heifetz, Jascha 31 Henderson, Skitch 58 Hendricks, Barbara 10 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Hinderas, Natalie 12 Horne, Marilyn 9 Horowitz, Vladimir 1 Hough, Stephen 40 Hovhaness, Alan 34 Il Divo 61 Isbin, Sharon 33 Ives, Charles 29 Jarrett, Keith 1 Josefowicz, Leila 35 Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Kirkby, Emma 35 Kissin, Evgeny 55 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Kremer, Gidon 30 Kronos Quartet, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kunzel, Erich 17 Lemper, Ute 14 Levine, James 8 Liberace 9 Lockhart, Keith 36 Lupu, Radu 36 Ma, Yo Yo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 MacGregor, Joanna 41 Maric´, Ljubica 48 Marsalis, Wynton 6 Mascagni, Pietro 25 Masur, Kurt 11 McNair, Sylvia 15 McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Mediaeval Baebes 47 Mehta, Zubin 11

Scott, Tony 32

DuPré, Jacqueline 26

Menuhin, Yehudi 11

Upshaw, Dawn 53 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Segundo, Compay 45

Dvorak, Antonin 25

Meyer, Edgar 40

Vanessa-Mae 26

Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8

eighth blackbird 57

Midori 7

Van Hove, Fred 30

Emerson String Quartet 33

Moro 38

Vienna Choir Boys 23

Stoltzman, Richard 24

Ensemble Modern 39

Mozetich, Marjan 55

Volodos, Arcadi 28

Earlier sketch in CM 7 Pedro the Lion 57 Petra 3 PFR 38 Phillips, Craig & Dean 45 Plus One 43 P.O.D. 33 Point of Grace 21 Project 86 52 Rambo, Dottie 60 Redman, Matt 54 Relient K 55 Resurrection Band 36 Rice, Chris 25 Roe, Michael 41 Also see Seventy Sevens, The Selah 61 Seventy Sevens, The 46 Sierra 60 Sixpence None the Richer 26 Skillet 54 Smith, Michael W. 49 Earlier sketch in CM 11 SonicFlood 51 Starflyer 59 50 St. James, Rebecca 26 Stonehill, Randy 44 Stryper 2 Switchfoot 48 Taylor, Steve 26 Third Day 34 tobyMac 63 Tomlin, Chris 63 Troccoli, Kathy 48 Tumes, Michelle 37 Velasquez, Jaci 32 Vigilantes of Love 51 Watermark 43 Waters, Ethel 11 Winans, BeBe and CeCe 32

Clarinet Adams, John 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Bechet, Sidney 17 Bilk, Acker 47 Braxton, Anthony 12 Brötzmann, Peter 26 Byron, Don 22 Carter, John 34 DeFranco, Buddy 31

Sturr, Jimmy 33 Trovesi, Gianluigi 66 Vandermark, Ken 28 Waters, Benny 58 Woods, Phil 57

Classical Abbado, Claudio 32 Ahn Trio 45 Amante, Michael 61 Ameling, Elly 24 Anderson, June 27 Anderson, Marian 8 Argerich, Martha 27 Arrau, Claudio 1 Ashkenazy, Vladimir 32 Assad, Badi 36 Austral, Florence 26 Baker, Janet 14 Bang on a Can All-Stars 52 Barber, Samuel 34 Barenboim, Daniel 30 Barrueco, Manuel 39 Beecham, Thomas 27 Beltrán, Tito 28 Berio, Luciano 32 Bernstein, Leonard 2 Birtwistle, Harrison 38 Bolcom, William 54 Bond 43 Bonfiglio, Robert 36 Bonney, Barbara 33 Börtz, Daniel 52 Boulanger, Nadia 56 Boulez, Pierre 26 Boyd, Liona 7 Bream, Julian 9 Britten, Benjamin 15 Brodsky Quartet 41 Bronfman, Yefim 6 Canadian Brass, The 4 Carter, Elliott 30 Carter, Ron 14 Casals, Pablo 9 Chailly, Riccardo 35 Chang, Han-Na 33 Chang, Sarah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Chanticleer 33 Christie, William 56 Chung, Kyung Wha 34

Mørk, Truls 38 Mutter, Anne-Sophie 23 Nancarrow, Conlon 32 Nyman, Michael 15 Oregon 30 Ott, David 2 Parkening, Christopher 59 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Pärt, Arvo 40 Pavarotti, Luciano 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Peeters, Flor 51 Penderecki, Krzysztof 30 Perahia, Murray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Perlemuter, Vlado 41 Perlman, Itzhak 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Phillips, Harvey 3 Pires, Maria João 26 Quasthoff, Thomas 26 Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6 Rangell, Andrew 24 Rattle, Simon 37 Rieu, André 26 Rochberg, George 56 Rostropovich, Mstislav 17 Rota, Nino 13 Rubinstein, Arthur 11 Salerno-Sonnenberg, Nadja 3 Salonen, Esa-Pekka 16 Samuelsson, Marie 47 Satoh, Somei 49 Sauguet, Henri 48 Savall, Jordi 44 Scelsi, Giacinto 47 Schickele, Peter 5 Schuman, William 10 Segovia, Andres 6 Shaham, Gil 35 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shaw, Robert 32 Solti, Georg 13 Starker, Janos 32 Stern, Isaac 7 Stoltzman, Richard 24 Sutherland, Joan 13 Tafelmusik 49 Takemitsu, Toru 6 Tan Dun 33 Temirkanov, Yuri 26 Thibaudet, Jean-Yves 24 Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Tiersen, Yann 59 Toscanini, Arturo 14 Turnage, Mark-Anthony 31 Uchida, Mitsuko 47

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

von Karajan, Herbert 1 von Otter, Anne Sofie 30 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Walker, George 34 Walton, William 44 Watson, Russell 37 Weill, Kurt 12 Williams, Jessica 39 Wilson, Ransom 5 Wolff, Christian 38 Xenakis, Iannis 34 Yamashita, Kazuhito 4 Yi, Chen 51 York, Andrew 15 Zazeela, Marian 49 Zukerman, Pinchas 4

Composers Abbuehl, Susanne 62 Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38 Abrams, Muhal Richard 37 Adams, John 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Adamson, Barry 28 Adderley, Nat 29 Adès, Thomas 30 Akiyoshi, Toshiko 38 Alexander-Max, Susan 63 Allen, Geri 10 Alperin, Misha 64 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Anderson, Fred 32 Anderson, Wessell 42 Anka, Paul 2 Arlen, Harold 27 Armstrong, Craig 62 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Auger, Brian 63 Axelrod, David 34 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Badalamenti, Angelo 17 Barber, Samuel 34 Barenberg, Russ 63 Barry, John 29 Barth, Bruce 50

Bley, Carla 65 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Golden Palominos Bley, Paul 14 Bolcom, William 54 Börtz, Daniel 52 Botti, Chris 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Boulez, Pierre 26 Branca, Glenn 29 Brann, Chris 63 Brant, Henry 39 Braxton, Anthony 12 Brickman, Jim 22 Britten, Benjamin 15 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Earle 41 Brubeck, Dave 8 Buckingham, Lindsey 66 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Burns, Ralph 37 Burrell, Kenny 11 Byard, Jaki 56 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Byron, Don 22 Cage, John 8 Cale, John 54 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Velvet Underground, The Cardew, Cornelius 56 Carrington, Terri Lyne 49 Carter, Elliott 30 Carter, John 34 Casals, Pablo 9 Chia, Enrique 54 Clapton, Eric 66 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 See Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clarke, Stanley 3 Cohen, Avishai 42 Coleman, Ornette 5 Colon, Willie 37 Coltrane, Alice 52 Conniff, Ray 37 Connors, Norman 30

Bellson, Louie 66

Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Benson, George 9

Cooney, Rory 6

Berio, Luciano 32 Berlin, Irving 8

Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The

Bernstein, Elmer 36

Copland, Aaron 2

Bernstein, Leonard 2

Corigliano, John 34

Birtwistle, Harrison 38

Crispell, Marilyn 64 Earlier sketch in CM 47

Beamer, Keola 43 Beiderbecke, Bix 16

Blackman, Cindy 15 Blake, Ran 38 Blanchard, Terence 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Blegvad, Peter 28

Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Cumulative Subject Index • 215

Daft Punk 66 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Dameron, Tadd 56 Davis, Anthony 17 Davis, Chip 4 Davis, Miles 1 de Grassi, Alex 6 Dello Joio, Norman 65 Del Tredici, David 35 Denny, Martin 44 Diamond, David 58 Dolphy, Eric 36 Dorsey, Thomas A. 11 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 Dudamel, Gustavo 63 Dvorak, Antonin 25 Elfman, Danny 9 Ellington, Duke 2 Eno, Brian 49 Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Eskelin, Ellery 31 Esquivel, Juan 17 Evans, Bill 17 Evans, Gil 17 Fahey, John 17 Faith, Percy 43 Feldman, Morton 42 Fell, Simon H. 32 Fine, Vivian 42 Fonseca, Celso 47 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Franti, Michael 66 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Spearhead Frisell, Bill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Frith, Fred 19 Also see Golden Palominos Fröhlich, Frank 32 Galás, Diamanda 16 Galliano, Richard 58 Garner, Erroll 25 Gerrard, Lisa 49 Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Giuffre, Jimmy 64 Glass, Philip 47 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Goldenthal, Elliot 49 Golijov, Osvaldo 59 Golson, Benny 21 Gould, Glenn 9 Gould, Morton 16 Green, Benny 17 Grusin, Dave 7 Guaraldi, Vince 3 Gubaidulina, Sofia 39 Hall, Jim 35 Hamlisch, Marvin 1

Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Harris, Barry 32 Harris, Eddie 15 Harrison, Lou 50 Hartke, Stephen 5 Hassell, Jon 43 Hemphill, Julius 34 Henderson, Fletcher 16 Henderson, Skitch 58 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Hill, Andrew 41 Hiromi 66 Ho, Fred 60 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Hovhaness, Alan 34 Hunter, Alberta 7 Hyman, Dick 39 Ibarra, Susie 55 Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Isham, Mark 14 Ives, Charles 29 Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jacquet, Illinois 17 Jamal, Ahmad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Janis, Tim 46 Jarre, Jean-Michel 2 Jarrett, Keith 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jenkins, Leroy 39 Johnson, Buddy 44 Johnson, J.J. 33 Johnson, James P. 16 Johnson, Marc 58 Johnston, Phillip 36 Jones, Hank 15 Jones, Howard 26 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Joplin, Scott 10 Jordan, Stanley 1 Kancheli, Giya 40 Kander, John 33 Kang, Eyvind 28 Kater, Peter 35 Kenny G 14 Kenton, Stan 21 Kern, Jerome 13 Kitaro 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kropinski, Uwe 31 Kurtág, György 54 Lacy, Steve 23 Lasar, Mars 39 Lateef, Yusef 16

Hammer, Jan 21

Lee, Peggy 8

Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Legg, Adrian 17

Handy, W. C. 7

Lewis, John 29

Culbertson, Brian 40

Hanna, Roland, Sir 45

Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights

Curtis, King 17

Hardiman, Ronan 35

Ligeti, György 50

216 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Lincoln, Abbey 42 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Lins, Ivan 58 Little, Booker 36 Lloyd, Charles 22 Lloyd Webber, Andrew 6 Loesser, Frank 19 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Luening, Otto 37 Lyttelton, Humphrey 66 MacDermot, Galt 49 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mandel, Johnny 28 Maric´, Ljubica 48 Marsalis, Branford 10 Marsalis, Ellis 13 Marsalis, Wynton 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Martino, Pat 17 Mascagni, Pietro 25 Masekela, Hugh 7 Matz, Peter 43 Mauriat, Paul 60 Mayer, John 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 McBride, Christian 17 McLean, Jackie 41 McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Mendes, Sergio 65 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Menken, Alan 10 Menotti, Gian Carlo 37 Metallica 66 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Miles, Ron 22 Mingus, Charles 9 Minott, Sugar 31 Moby 64 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Monk, Meredith 57 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Monk, Thelonious 6 Montenegro, Hugo 18 Montsalvatge, Xavier 39 Moondog 55 Moore, Undine Smith 40 Morricone, Ennio 53 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Mozetich, Marjan 55 Mulligan, Gerry 16

Niblock, Phill 43 Nyman, Michael 15 O’Hearn, Patrick 40 Also see Missing Persons Oldfield, Mike 18 Orff, Carl 21 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Osby, Greg 57 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Ott, David 2 Palmieri, Eddie 15 Parker, Charlie 5 Parker, Ray 63 Parks, Van Dyke 17 Pärt, Arvo 40 Partch, Harry 29 Peeters, Flor 51 Penderecki, Krzysztof 30 Perez, Danilo 25 Peterson, Oscar 11 Piazzolla, Astor 18 Ponty, Jean-Luc 8 Porter, Cole 10 Post, Mike 21 Previn, André 15 Puente, Tito 14 Pullen, Don 16 Reich, Steve 8 Reinhardt, Django 7 Riley, Terry 32 Ritenour, Lee 7 Rivers, Sam 29 Roach, Max 12 Roach, Steve 41 Rochberg, George 56 Rollins, Sonny 7 Rosnes, Renée 44 Rota, Nino 13 Rouse, Christopher 41 Royal, Billy Joe 46 Rushen, Patrice 49 Russell, Arthur 50 Rzewski, Frederic 57 Saariaho, Kaija 43 Sakamoto, Ryuichi 19 Salonen, Esa-Pekka 16 Samuelsson, Marie 47 Sánchez, David 40 Sanders, Pharoah 28 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Satie, Erik 25 Satoh, Somei 49 Satriani, Joe 4 Sauguet, Henri 48 Sawhney, Nitin 46

Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shapey, Ralph 42 Sharp, Elliott 50 Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Shearing, George 28 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Shostakovich, Dmitry 42 Silver, Horace 19 Smith, Tommy 28 Solal, Martial 4 Sondheim, Stephen 8 Sousa, John Philip 10 Spearman, Glenn 55 Stalling, Carl 50 Stern, Leni 29 Stockhausen, Karlheinz 36 Story, Liz 45 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Strauss, Richard 25 Stravinsky, Igor 21 Strayhorn, Billy 13 Strouse, Charles 43 Stucky, Steven 55 Styne, Jule 21 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Sun Ra 27 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Svensson, Esbjörn 66 Sylvian, David 27 Takemitsu, Toru 6 Talbot, John Michael 6 Tan Dun 33 Tatum, Art 17 Tavener, John 45 Taylor, Billy 13 Taylor, Cecil 9 Tesh, John 20 Thielemans, Toots 13 Thievery Corporation 66 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Threadgill, Henry 9 Tiersen, Yann 59 Tobin, Amon 32 Towner, Ralph 22 Tristano, Lennie 30 Trovesi, Gianluigi 66 Truffaz, Erik 54 Turnage, Mark-Anthony 31 Tyner, McCoy 7 Ung, Chinary 46 Vangelis 21

Also see Strawbs Also see Yes Waldron, Mal 43 Walker, George 34 Wallace, Bennie 31 Walton, William 44 Was, Don 21 Also see Was (Not Was) Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights Weber, Eberhard 41 Weill, Kurt 12 Wells, Bill 34 Weston, Randy 15 Whelan, Bill 20 Whiteman, Paul 17 Whitfield, Norman 66 Wildhorn, Frank 31 Williams, John 28 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Williams, Mary Lou 51 Williamson, Malcolm 45 Wilson, Cassandra 26 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Winter, Paul 10 Wolf, Peter 31 Wolff, Christian 38 Woods, Phil 57 Worrell, Bernie 11 Xenakis, Iannis 34 Yanni 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Yeston, Maury 22 Yi, Chen 51 York, Andrew 15 Young, La Monte 16 Zappa, Frank 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Zé, Tom 43 Zimmer, Hans 34

Scelsi, Giacinto 47

Van Hove, Fred 30

Beecham, Thomas 27

Schickele, Peter 5 Schifrin, Lalo 29

Vollenweider, Andreas 62 Earlier sketch in CM 30

Bernstein, Leonard 2

Nancarrow, Conlon 56 Nascimento, Milton 6

Schneider, Maria 48

von Trapp, Elisabeth 29

Britten, Benjamin 15

N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab

Schuman, William 10

Brown, Earle 41

Newman, Randy 4

Sebesky, Don 33

Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Newsom, Tommy 63

Shankar, Ravi 38

Wakeman, Rick 27

Christie, William 56

Schütze, Paul 32 Schwarz, Gerard 45

Zimmerman, Udo 5 Zorn, John 15 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble

Conductors Abbado, Claudio 32 Adès, Thomas 30 Alsop, Marin 58 Ashkenazy, Vladimir 32 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Barenboim, Daniel 30

Boulez, Pierre 26

Caldwell, Sarah 59 Casals, Pablo 9 Chailly, Riccardo 35

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Conlon, James 44 Conniff, Ray 37 Copland, Aaron 2 Davies, Dennis Russell 24 Davis, Colin 27 Domingo, Placido 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Evans, Gil 17 Fiedler, Arthur 6 Galliano, Richard 58 Gardiner, John Eliot 26 Gergiev, Valery 58 Gould, Morton 16 Haitink, Bernard 39 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Huggett, Monica 50 Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Jarrett, Keith 1 Jones, Hank 15 Kunzel, Erich 17 Levine, James 8 Lockhart, Keith 36 Maazel, Lorin 46 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mandel, Johnny 28 Marriner, Neville 7 Mascagni, Pietro 25 Masur, Kurt 11 Matz, Peter 43 Mauriat, Paul 60 Mehta, Zubin 11 Menuhin, Yehudi 11 Muti, Riccardo 56 Nero, Peter 19 Perlman, Itzhak 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Previn, André 15 Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6 Rattle, Simon 37 Rieu, André 26 Rostropovich, Mstislav 17 Salonen, Esa-Pekka 16 Savall, Jordi 44 Schickele, Peter 5 Schifrin, Lalo 29 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shapey, Ralph 42 Shaw, Robert 32 Slatkin, Leonard 41 Solti, Georg 13 Strauss, Richard 25 Temirkanov, Yuri 26 Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Toscanini, Arturo 14 Valdes, Chuco 25 von Karajan, Herbert 1 Welk, Lawrence 13 Williams, John 28 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Zukerman, Pinchas 4

Contemporary Dance Music Abdul, Paula 3 Afro Celt Sound System 46

Air 33 Amber 40 Aphex Twin 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Bambaataa, Afrika 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Basement Jaxx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Bedingfield, Daniel 62 Bee Gees, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Beenie Man 33 B-52’s, The 4 Brown, Bobby 4 Brown, James 2 Carroll, Dina 31 C + C Music Factory 16 Cherry, Neneh 4 Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Collins, Sandra 41 Cox, Carl 43 Craig, Carl 19 Daft Punk 66 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Dead or Alive 50 Deee-lite 9 Deerhunter 66 De La Soul 37 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Depeche Mode 35 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Digweed, John 44 Dimitri from Paris 43 DJ Krush 60 Earth, Wind and Fire 62 Earlier sketch in CM 12 English Beat, The 9 En Vogue 10 Erasure 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Eurythmics 31 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Everything But The Girl 40 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Exposé 4 Faithless 37 Felix da Housecat 44 Fox, Samantha 3 Foxx, John 56 Fun Lovin’ Criminals 20 Gang of Four 8 Gilberto, Bebel 51 Groove Armada 39 Hammer, M.C. 5 Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie Holmes, David 31 Ice-T 7 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Cumulative Subject Index • 217

Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The James, Rick 55 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Grace 9 La Bouche 38 Leftfield 29 Le Tigre 55 Lidell, Jamie 57 Lopez, Jennifer 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Massive Attack 17 Michael, George 49 Moby 64 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 17 M People 27 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Naté, Ultra 34 New Order 11 Orbital 20 Peniston, CeCe 15 Pet Shop Boys 5 Pink 62 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Pizzicato Five 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Plaid 50 Portishead 65 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Pussycat Dolls, The 66 Puthli, Asha 60 Queen Latifah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Rodgers, Nile 8 Salt-N-Pepa 6 Seal 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Shadow, DJ 19 Shamen, The 23 Sherwood, Adrian 31 Singh, Talvin 44 Size, Roni 31 Sonique 45 Soul II Soul 17 Spacemen 3 31 Spears, Britney 66 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Stereo MC’s 34

Earlier sketch in CM 31 TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Tricky 18 2 Unlimited 18 Van Dyk, Paul 35 Van Helden, Armand 32 Vasquez, Junior 16 Village People, The 7 Was (Not Was) 6 Waters, Crystal 15 Wink, Josh 44 Young M.C. 4

Contemporary Instrumental/New Age Ackerman, Will 3 Arkenstone, David 40 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Armik 41 Ciani, Suzanne 50 Cole, Jim 54 Collins, Bootsy 8 Also see Golden Palominos Cook, Jesse 33 Coulter, William 49 Darling, David 34 Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 de Gaia, Banco 27 de Grassi, Alex 6 Demby, Constance 51 Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Esquivel, Juan 17 Gunn, Nicholas 39 Hardiman, Ronan 35 Hedges, Michael 3 Isham, Mark 14 Janis, Tim 46 Jarre, Jean-Michel 2 Kater, Peter 35 Kitaro 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Kronos Quartet, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lanz, David 42 Lasar, Mars 39 Legg, Adrian 17 Liebert, Ottmar 33 Line, Lorie 34 Merzbow 31 Mogwai 27 Nightnoise 45 O’Hearn, Patrick 40 Also see Missing Persons Riley, Terry 32 Roach, Steve 41 Roth, Gabrielle 26

Sugar Ray 22

Schroer, Oliver 29

INXS 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Summer, Donna 12

Sete, Bola 26

Sylvester 53

Sissel 42

Technotronic 5

Jackson, Janet 64

Thievery Corporation 66

Story, Liz 45 Earlier sketch in CM 2

218 • Cumulative Subject Index

Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Tangerine Dream 12 Tesh, John 20 Tingstad & Rumbel 44 Vollenweider, Andreas 62 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Winter, Paul 10 Yanni 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Germano, Lisa 18 Giant Sand 30 Gibson, Don 58 Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Pure Prairie League Gilley, Mickey 7 Gilman, Billy 34 Gilmore, Jimmie Dale 11 Glenn, Glen 66 Golden Smog 60 Gordon, Kevin 60 Gordon, Robert 57 Gordy, Emory, Jr. 17 Gracin, Josh 64 Green, Pat 66 Greenwood, Lee 12 Griffith, Nanci 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Griggs, Andy 40 Haggard, Merle 39 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Hall, Tom T. 26 Hancock, Butch 56 Hancock, Wayne 45 Handsome Family, The 30 Harris, Emmylou 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hay, George D. 3 Hazlewood, Lee 45 Herndon, Ty 20 Hiatt, John 35 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Highway 101 4 Hill, Faith 50 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hinojosa, Tish 44 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Holy, Steve 61 Hot Club of Cowtown 46 Howard, Harlan 15 Howard, Rebecca Lynn 41 Hubbard, Ray Wylie 38 Ingram, Jack 58 Jackson, Alan 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Jackson, Wanda 42 Jason & the Scorchers 45 Jennings, Waylon 65 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jones, George 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jordanaires, The 44 Judds, The 2

Clements, Vassar 18

Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cooley, Spade 53 Coolidge, Rita 40 Cowboy Junkies 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Crawford, Randy 25 Cross Canadian Ragweed 59 Crowe, J. D. 5 Crowell, Rodney 8 Currington, Billy 64 Cyrus, Billy Ray 66 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Dalton, Lacy J. 43 Daniels, Charlie 6 Davies, Gail 38 Davis, Guy 53 Davis, Linda 21 Davis, Mac 60 Davis, Skeeter 15 Dean, Billy 19 DeMent, Iris 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Denver, John 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Derailers, The 37 Desert Rose Band, The 4 Diamond Rio 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Dickens, Hazel 35 Dickens, Little Jimmy 7 Dickinson, Jim 59 Diffie, Joe 27 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Dillards, The 45 Dixie Chicks 49 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Downing, Big Al 45 Dusty, Slim 39 Dylan, Bob 58 Eaglesmith, Fred 60 Earle, Steve 43 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Edwards, Stoney 55 Estes, John 25 Evans, Sara 60 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Farrar, Jay 46 Also see Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Feathers, Charlie 40 Flatlanders, The 43 Flatt, Lester 3 Flores, Rosie 16 Flying Burrito Brothers 44

Cline, Patsy 5

Ford, Tennessee Ernie 3

Coe, David Allan 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Foster, Radney 16

Blue Rodeo 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Collie, Mark 15

Friedman, Kinky 35

Colter, Jessi 63

Frizzell, Lefty 10

Keith, Toby 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Blue Sky Boys 46

Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen 30

Frost, Edith 40

Kentucky Headhunters, The 5

Gauthier, Mary 54

Kershaw, Sammy 15

Confederate Railroad 23

Gayle, Crystal 1

Ketchum, Hal 14

Connors, Stompin’ Tom 56

Gentry, Bobbie 46

King, Pee Wee 30

Cornet Adderley, Nat 29 Armstrong, Louis 4 Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Braff, Ruby 43 Cherry, Don 10 Also see Codona Davison, Wild Bill 34 Handy, W. C. 7 Oliver, King 15 Vaché, Warren, Jr. 22

Country Acuff, Roy 2 Adams, Ryan 38 Also see Whiskeytown Adkins, Trace 31 Akins, Rhett 22 Alabama 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Allan, Gary 41 Allen, Terry 56 Allison, Joe 42 Anderson, Bill 32 Anderson, John 5 Anderson, Keith 65 Andrews, Jessica 34 Armiger, Katie 66 Arnold, Eddy 10 Asleep at the Wheel 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Auldridge, Mike 4 Autry, Gene 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Bare, Bobby 48 Barnett, Mandy 26 Bellamy Brothers, The 13 Bentley, Dierks 56 Berg, Matraca 16 Bering Strait 57 Berry, John 17 Big & Rich 57 Black, Clint 53 Earlier sketch in CM 5 BlackHawk 21 Blue Mountain 38

Boggs, Dock 25 Bogguss, Suzy 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Bonamy, James 21 Bond, Johnny 28 Boone, Pat 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Boxcar Willie 41 Boy Howdy 21 Brandt, Paul 22 Brannon, Kippi 20 BR5-49 35 Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brooks & Dunn 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Marty 14 Brown, Tony 14 Buckner, Richard 31 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Byrd, Tracy 39 Byrds, The 8 Cale, J. J. 16 Calexico 33 Campbell, Glen 2 Campi, Ray 44 Carter, Carlene 8 Carter, Deana 55 Carter Family, The 3 Cary, Caitlin 46 Also see Whiskeytown Case, Neko 66 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Also see New Pornographers, The Cash, Johnny 46 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cash, June Carter 6 Cash, Rosanne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cash Brothers 47 Chambers, Kasey 36 Chapin Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chapman, Beth Nielsen 42 Chapman, Gary 33 Chatham County Line 55 Chesney, Kenny 54 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Chesnutt, Mark 13 Chuck Wagon Gang 50 Clark, Guy 17 Clark, Roy 1 Clark, Terri 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Fricke, Janie 33

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Kinleys, The 32 Krebs, Pete 43 Kristofferson, Kris 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lamb, Barbara 19 Lambchop 29 Lambert, Miranda 62 Lane, Cristy 51 Lane, Fred 28 lang, kd 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lauderdale, Jim 29 Lawrence, Tracy 11 LeDoux, Chris 55 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Lee, Brenda 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Legend, Johnny 58 Leigh, Danni 39 Lewis, Jenny 66 Also see Rilo Kiley Lewis, Linda Gail 48 Little Big Town 61 Little Feat 4 Little Texas 14 Lonestar 27 Louvin Brothers, The 12 Loveless, Patty 66 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lovett, Lyle 63 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lynn, Loretta 47 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lynne, Shelby 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Malo, Raul 63 Mandrell, Barbara 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Martin, Janis 59 Mattea, Kathy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Mavericks, The 15 McBride, Martina 52 Earlier sketch in CM 14 McCann, Lila 26 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCoy, Neal 15 McCready, Mindy 22 McEntire, Reba 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 McGraw, Tim 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Merritt, Cari Lee 50 Messina, Jo Dee 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Meteors, The 61

Cumulative Subject Index • 219

Miller, Buddy 31

Montana, Patsy 38 Montgomery, John Michael 14 Montgomery Gentry 34 Moorer, Allison 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Morgan, Craig 61 Morgan, Lorrie 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Murphey, Michael Martin 9 Murray, Anne 4 Nelson, Willie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Newbury, Mickey 44 Newton, Juice 37 Newton-John, Olivia 61 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Nichols, Joe 49 Nitty Gritty Dirt Band 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Oak Ridge Boys, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Earlier sketch in CM 4 O’Connor, Mark 1 Oldham, Will 32 Old 97’s 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33 O’Neal, Jamie 49 Osborne, Joan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Oslin, K. T. 3 Otto, James 65 Overstreet, Paul 33 Owens, Buck 2 Paisley, Brad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 42 Paladins, The 47 Parnell, Lee Roy 15 Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Parton, Dolly 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Paycheck, Johnny 44 Pearl, Minnie 3 Peters, Gretchen 45 Peterson, Michael 31 Pickler, Kellie 66 Pierce, Webb 15 Po’ Girl 58 Price, Ray 11 Pride, Charley 4 Pure Prairie League 49 Rabbitt, Eddie 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Randall, Jon 58 Rascal Flatts 42 Ray Condo and His Ricochets 26

Miller, Roger 4

Raye, Collin 16

Travis, Randy 61 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Milsap, Ronnie 2

Reeves, Jim 10

Trick Pony 42

Moffatt, Katy 46 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Restless Heart 12 Rich, Charlie 3

Tritt, Travis 54 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Monroe, Bill 1

Richey, Kim 20

Tubb, Ernest 4

Ricochet 23 Riders in the Sky 33 Rimes, LeAnn 46 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Ritter, Tex 37 Robbins, Marty 9 Roberts, Sam 59 Rodgers, Jimmie 3 Rogers, Kenny 56 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rogers, Roy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rouse, Josh 42 Rucker, Darius 66 Also see Hootie and the Blowfish Sadies, The 53 Sahm, Doug 30 Also see Texas Tornados, The Salama, Kareem 65 Sawyer Brown 27 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Scott, Darrell 54 Scruggs, Earl 3 Scud Mountain Boys 21 Seals, Dan 9 SHeDAISY 36 Shelton, Blake 45 Shenandoah 17 Silverstein, Shel 51 Singletary, Daryle 41 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Slobberbone 38 Smith, Sammi 48 Snow, Hank 29 Sonnier, Jo-El 10 Sons of the Desert 44 Sons of the Pioneers 53 Souther, J.D. 66 Stampley, Joe 51 Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Statler Brothers, The 8 Stevens, Ray 7 Stone, Doug 10 Strait, George 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stuart, Marty 9 Sugarland 61 Sweet, Rachel 48 Sweethearts of the Rodeo 12 Swift, Taylor 65 Tennison, Chalee 36 Texas Tornados, The 8 Thompson, Hank 43 Tillis, Mel 7 Tillis, Pam 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Tippin, Aaron 12 Travis, Merle 14

Tucker, Tanya 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Turner, Josh 59 Twain, Shania 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Twitty, Conway 6 Two Dollar Pistols 41 Uncle Tupelo 37 Underwood, Carrie 63 Urban, Keith 44 Urban Knights 46 Van Shelton, Ricky 5 Van Zandt, Townes 13 Van Zant 61 Vassar, Phil 52 Vincent, Rhonda 36 Wagoner, Porter 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Walker, Clay 20 Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Walser, Don 35 Wariner, Steve 18 Warren Brothers, The 34 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wayne, Jimmy 66 Webb Brothers, The 57 Welch, Gillian 33 Wells, Kitty 6 West, Dottie 8 West, Speedy 47 Wheeler, Cheryl 43 Whiskeytown 44 White, Jim 40 White, Lari 15 White, Tony Joe 61 Whitley, Keith 7 Wilburn Brothers, The 45 Wilder, Webb 55 Wilkinsons, The 30 Williams, Don 4 Williams, Hank, III 38 Williams, Hank, Jr. 1 Williams, Hank, Sr. 4 Williams, Lucinda 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Willis, Kelly 48 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Wills, Bob 6 Wills, Mark 27 Wilson, Gretchen 52 Womack, Lee Ann 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Worley, Darryl 45 Wright, Chely 35 Wynette, Tammy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wynonna 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Also see Judds, The Yearwood, Trisha 25 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Yoakam, Dwight 60 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1

220 • Cumulative Subject Index

Young, Faron 7

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Flogging Molly 66 Ivers, Eileen 30 Krauss, Alison 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Lewis, Laurie 56 MacIsaac, Ashley 21 MacMaster, Natalie 37 Tabuchi, Shoji 55 Thompson, Joe 63

Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Weill, Kurt 12 Williams, John 28 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Williams, Paul 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Willner, Hal 10 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Zimmer, Hans 34

Guaraldi, Vince 3

Hedges, Michael 3 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Horner, James 38 Isham, Mark 14 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Kander, John 33 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Lahiri, Bappi 42 Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lerner and Loewe 13 Loesser, Frank 19 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Marsalis, Branford 10 Matz, Peter 43 Mayfield, Curtis 8 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The Menken, Alan 10 Mercer, Johnny 13 Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Montenegro, Hugo 18 Morricone, Ennio 53 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Nascimento, Milton 6 Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Nilsson, Harry 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Nyman, Michael 15 Parks, Van Dyke 17 Peterson, Oscar 11 Porter, Cole 10 Previn, André 15 Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Robertson, Robbie 2 Rollins, Sonny 7 Rota, Nino 13 RZA 50 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Sakamoto, Ryuichi 18 Sawhney, Nitin 46 Schickele, Peter 5 Schütze, Paul 32 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shore, Howard 48

Hamlisch, Marvin 1

Silvestri, Alan 37

Arjona, Ricardo 43

Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Stalling, Carl 50

Arnaz, Desi 8

Strouse, Charles 43

Atwater-Donnelly 53

Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Axton, Hoyt 28

Carthy, Eliza 31

Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The

Cooley, Spade 53

Hayes, Isaac 10

Tan Dun 33

Baez, Joan 1

Dobro Auldridge, Mike 4 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Also see Seldom Scene, The Douglas, Jerry 52 Graves, Josh 48 Ickes, Rob 49 Also see Blue Highway Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Drums Aronoff, Kenny 21 Bellson, Louie 66 Blackwell, Ed 55 Carrington, Terri Lyne 49 Clarke, Kenny 35 Colaiuta, Vinnie 23 Flogging Molly 66 Fourplay 66 Francis, David “Panama” 37 Gerhard-García, Alexandra 41 Hart, Mickey 39 Also see Grateful Dead, The Hayes, Louis 40 Haynes, Roy 33 Higgins, Billy 35 Hussain, Zakir 32 Kaiser Chiefs 66 King, Chris Thomas 43 Mates of State 66 Mori, Ikue 55 Muhammad, Idris 40 N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Olatunji, Babatunde 45 Oxley, Tony 32 Parker, Leon 27 Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha 29 Rise Against 66 Scharin, Doug 32 Schütze, Paul 32 Schweizer, Irène 46 Secret Machines 66 Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Sommer, Günter “Baby” 31 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Turner, Roger 32 TV on the Radio 66 Watts, Charlie 52

Dulcimer Demby, Constance 51 Ritchie, Jean 4

Fiddle Balfa, Dewey 49

Film Scores Alloy Orchestra 51 Anka, Paul 2 Arlen, Harold 27 Armstrong, Craig 62 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Badalamenti, Angelo 17 Barry, John 29 Baxter, Les 47 Bergman, Alan and Marilyn 30 Berlin, Irving 8 Bernstein, Elmer 36 Bernstein, Leonard 2 Blanchard, Terence 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Boban Markovic Orkestar 62 Brion, Jon 52 Britten, Benjamin 15 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Cahn, Sammy 11 Cliff, Jimmy 8 Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The Copland, Aaron 2 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Dibango, Manu 60 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Dolby, Thomas 10 Donovan 9 Eddy, Duane 9 Elfman, Danny 9 Ellington, Duke 2 Ferguson, Maynard 7 Froom, Mitchell 15 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Galás, Diamanda 16 Gerrard, Lisa 49 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Goldenthal, Elliot 49 Goldsmith, Jerry 40 Gould, Glenn 9 Grusin, Dave 7

Flugelhorn Bowie, Lester 29 Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Mangione, Chuck 23 Sandoval, Arturo 62 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Flute Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38 Galway, James 3 Hofmann, Holly 41 Jethro Tull 8 Koffman, Moe 34 Lateef, Yusef 16 Laws, Hubert 38 Mangione, Chuck 23 Mann, Herbie 16 Mirabal, Robert 45 Moody, James 34 Najee 21 Nakai, R. Carlos 24 Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6 Tabackin, Lew 47 Torres, Nestor 36 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Valentin, Dave 33 Wilson, Ransom 5 Youngblood, Mary 62 Zamfir, Gheorghe 41 Zonjic, Alexander 53

Folk/Traditional Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38 Adam, Margie 39 Alberstein, Chava 37 Altan 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Amadou & Mariam 49 America 16 Anonymous 4 23

Baca, Susana 32

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cumulative Subject Index • 221

Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Cruz, Celia 22 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Curtis, Catie 31 Dalaras, George 40 de Lucia, Paco 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 DeMent, Iris 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Dennen, Brett 66 DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Ditty Bops, The 59 Donegan, Lonnie 42 Donovan 9 Drake, Nick 17 Driftwood, Jimmy 25 Dr. John 63 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Duhks, The 62 Dylan, Bob 58 Elliot, Cass 5 Elliott, Ramblin’ Jack 32 Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Estefan, Gloria 63 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Fahey, John 17 Fairport Convention 22 Fassie, Brenda 50 Feliciano, José 10 Fernandez, Alejandro 43 Fernandez, Vicente 42 Flogging Molly 66 Franco 39 Frogs, The 31 Frost, Edith 40 Fureys, The 41 Gabriel, Juan 31 Gaelic Storm 52 Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Galway, James 3 Germano, Lisa 18 Gibson, Bob 23 Gilberto, João 33 Gilmore, Jimmie Dale 11 Gipsy Kings, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Gorka, John 18 Gray, David 30 Great Big Sea 45 Griffin, Patty 63 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Griffith, Nanci 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Grisman, David 17 Gurtu, Trilok 29

Earlier sketch in CM 6 Harmer, Sarah 56 Harper, Roy 30 Harris, Emmylou 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Havens, Richie 11 Hayden 65 Haza, Ofra 29 Hem 55 Henry, Joe 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hinojosa, Tish 44 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Ho, Don 54 Holland, Jolie 55 Honeytree 58 Hurley, Michael 58 Hussain, Zakir 32 Huun-Huur-Tu 58 Ian, Janis 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Ian and Sylvia 18 Iglesias, Julio 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Incredible String Band 23 Indigenous 31 Indigo Girls 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Innocence Mission, The 46 Irish Tenors, The 36 Ivers, Eileen 30 Ives, Burl 12 Jacobs, Kate 51 Johansen, Kevin 48 Johnston, Daniel 61 Jones, Marti 51 Kalthum, Umm 42 Khaled 33 Khan, Ali Akbar 34 Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali 13 Kidjo, Angelique 39 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kingston Trio, The 9 Klezmatics, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kuti, Fela 7 Kuti, Femi 29 La Bottine Souriante 50 Ladysmith Black Mambazo 60 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Lamond, Mary Jane 33 LaMontagne, Ray 61 Larkin, Patty 9 Lavin, Christine 6 Leadbelly 6

Collins, Judy 4

Guthrie, Arlo 50 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Los Lobos 36 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Maal, Baaba 37 MacMaster, Natalie 37 MacNeil, Rita 29 Magical Strings 43 Makeba, Miriam 8 Mamas and the Papas 21 Mami, Cheb 36 Mapfumo, Thomas 39 Martyn, John 43 Masekela, Hugh 7 McGarrigle, Kate and Anna 35 McGuinn, Roger 35 McGuire, Barry 45 McKenna, Lori 54 McKennitt, Loreena 24 McLean, Don 7 Mediaeval Baebes 47 Melanie 12 Miller, Julie 55 Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Moffatt, Katy 46 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Moro 38 Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morrissey, Bill 12 Mtukudzi, Oliver 57 Mulvey, Peter 59 Najma 39 Na Leo 38 Nascimento, Milton 6 N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Near, Holly 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Neil, Fred 42 Nields, The 48 O’Brien, Tim 39 Ochs, Phil 7 O’Connor, Sinead 63 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Odetta 7 Orchestra Baobab 42 O Riada, Sean 56 Owoh, Orlando 57 Pahinui, Gabby 46 Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Paxton, Tom 5 Pedro the Lion 57 Pentangle 18 Peter, Paul & Mary 4 Peyroux, Madeleine 53 Phelps, Kelly Joe 36

Les Négresses Vertes 30

Phillips, Utah 57

Collister, Christine 42

Guthrie, Woody 2

Lightfoot, Gordon 3

Pidgeon, Rebecca 61

Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Hakmoun, Hassan 15

Limeliters, The 40

Po’ Girl 58

Hardin, Tim 18

Pogues, The 6

Cotten, Elizabeth 16

Harding, John 58

Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Banhart, Devendra 52 Barachois 53 Barra MacNeils, The 48 Battlefield Band, The 31 Beamer, Keola 43 Be Good Tanyas 48 Belafonte, Harry 8 Belle and Sebastian 28 Beltrán, Lola 48 Black, Mary 15 Black 47 37 Blades, Rubén 58 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Bloom, Luka 14 Bloomfield, Michael 40 Blue Rodeo 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Boggs, Dock 25 Brady, Paul 8 Bragg, Billy 7 Brave Combo 31 Bromberg, David 18 Brooke, Jonatha 56 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Greg 56 Buckley, Tim 14 Buffalo Springfield 24 Bulgarian State Female Vocal Choir, The 10 Burns Sisters 41 Byrds, The 8 Campbell, Sarah Elizabeth 23 Cantrell, Laura 57 Caravan 24 Carolina Chocolate Drops 63 Carter Family, The 3 Carthy, Eliza 31 Carthy, Martin 34 Also see Steeleye Span Cassidy, Eva 35 Ceili Rain 34 Chandra, Sheila 16 Chapin, Harry 6 Chapman, Tracy 66 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Chenille Sisters, The 16 Cherish the Ladies 38 Cherry, Don 10 Chesnutt, Vic 28 Chieftains, The 36 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Childs, Toni 2 Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The 39 Clannad 23 Clark, Gene 51 Clegg, Johnny 8 Cockburn, Bruce 8 Cohen, Leonard 52 Cohn, Marc 43

Portuondo, Omara 42

222 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Prine, John 56 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Prior, Maddy 50 Also see Steeleye Span Proclaimers, The 13 Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha 29 Radio Tarifa 40 Rafferty, Gerry 52 Rankins, The 24 Redpath, Jean 1 Reichel, Keali’i 50 Ritchie, Jean 4 Roches, The 18 Rodgers, Jimmie 3 Rodrigues, Amália 40 Rodrigues, Virgínia 48 Rogers, Garnet 53 Rogers, Stan 61 Rose, Tim 41 Rusby, Kate 29 Russell, Tom 26 Sainte-Marie, Buffy 11 Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sebestyén, Márta 47 Seeger, Peggy 25 Seeger, Pete 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Weavers, The Selena 16 Sexton, Martin 41 Shankar, Anoushka 46 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shenandoah, Joanne 33 Sill, Judee 61 Silly Wizard 36 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Simonal, Wilson 33 Simon and Garfunkel 24 Sissel 42 Snow, Pheobe 4 Solas 34 Souther, J.D. 66 Spillane, Davy 48 Steeleye Span 19 Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stevens, Sufjan 57 Story, The 13 Sumac, Yma 50

Tegan and Sara 58 Thompson, Linda 56 Thompson, Richard 7 Tikaram, Tanita 9 Toure, Ali Farka 57 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Traoré, Boubacar 38 Traore, Rokia 53 Turner, Otha 52 Ulali 38 Van Ronk, Dave 12 Van Zandt, Townes 13 Vega, Suzanne 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Vives, Carlos 38 von Trapp, Elisabeth 29 Wainwright, Loudon, III 11 Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Waterboys, The 27 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Weavers, The 8 Weepies, The 66 Welch, Elisabeth 50 Welch, Gillian 33 Wemba, Papa 40 Werner, Susan 54 Wheeler, Cheryl 43 Whitman, Slim 19 Whitmore, William Elliott 66 Wilcox, David 38 Williamson, Robin 39 Also see Incredible String Band Wrigley, Bernard 58 Yannatou, Savina 48 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Young Dubliners 58 Zé, Tom 43

Gap Band, The 42 Gray, Macy 32 Jackson, Janet 64 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jamiroquai 21 Joy Electric 26 Khan, Chaka 63 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Mayfield, Curtis 8 Meters, The 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Ohio Players 16 Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Red Hot Chili Peppers 29 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Sly and the Family Stone 24 Stone, Sly 8 Also see Sly and the Family Stone Toussaint, Allen 11 Tower of Power 40 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Worrell, Bernie 11 Wu-Tang Clan 19 Daft Punk 66 Earlier sketch in CM 33

Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Ponty, Jean-Luc 8 Puthli, Asha 60 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Ritenour, Lee 7 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Soft Machine 36 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Tinariwen 62 Tuncboyaciyan, Arto 50 Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights

Gospel

Bambaataa, Afrika 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Corea, Chick 6 Davis, Miles 1

Anderson, Marian 8 Armstrong, Vanessa Bell 24 Baylor, Helen 20 Boone, Pat 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brown, James 2 Caesar, Shirley 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Carter Family, The 3 Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Chuck Wagon Gang 50 Cleveland, James 1 Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Cox Family 44 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Davis, Jimmie 53 DeBarge, Chico 53 Dixie Hummingbirds, The 41 Dorsey, Thomas A. 11 Eartha 44 Fairfield Four 49 Five Blind Boys of Alabama 12 Florida Boys, The 42 Ford, Tennessee Ernie 3

Brand New Heavies, The 14

Dulfer, Candy 35

4Him 23

Brown, James 2

Fishbone 7

Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War

Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Franklin, Aretha 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Harris, Eddie 15

Gaither, Bill 53

Cameo 60

Hiromi 66

Gaither Vocal Band 38

Citizen King 27

Johnson, Eric 19

Golden Gate Quartet 25

Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights

Greater Vision 26

Sweet Honey in the Rock 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Collins, Bootsy 8 Also see Golden Palominos

Lindsay, Arto 53

Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Mahavishnu Orchestra 19

Hawkins, Tramaine 17

Tabor, June 38

Dazz Band 64

McLaughlin, John 12

Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Earth, Wind and Fire 62 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Houston, Cissy 26 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2

ESG 45

Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Fishbone 7

Niacin 51

Johnson, Blind Willie 26

Front 242 19

O’Connor, Mark 1

Jordanaires, The 44

Taylor, Kate 30

Gang of Four 8

Phish 65

Kee, John P. 15

Funk Adam Again 61 Association, The 59 Avery, Teodross 23

Fusion Anderson, Ray 7 Auger, Brian 63 Avery, Teodross 23 Bang on a Can All-Stars 52 Beck, Jeff 4 Also see Yardbirds, The Clarke, Stanley 3 Codona 44 Coleman, Ornette 5

Franklin, Kirk 22

Imperials, The 43 Jackson, Mahalia 8

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Knight, Gladys 50 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Little Richard 1 Louvin Brothers, The 12 Mary Mary 39 McClurkin, Donnie 52 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Mighty Clouds of Joy, The 17 Nesby, Ann 57 Oak Ridge Boys, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Paris, Twila 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Persuasions, The 47 Pickett, Wilson 10 Presley, Elvis 1 Rambo, Dottie 60 Redding, Otis 5 Reese, Della 13 Robbins, Marty 9 Selah 61 Soul Stirrers, The 11 Sounds of Blackness 13 Staples, Mavis 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Staples, Pops 11 Staton, Candi 45 Studdard, Ruben 61 Swan Silvertones, The 39 Sweet Honey In The Rock 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Take 6 39 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tharpe, Sister Rosetta 47 Warwick, Dionne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Waters, Ethel 11 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Whitmore, William Elliott 66 Williams, Deniece 1 Williams, Marion 15 Winans, BeBe and CeCe 32 Winans, The 12 Womack, Bobby 5

Cumulative Subject Index • 223

Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Autry, Gene 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Axton, Hoyt 28 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Bailey, Derek 40 Baldry, Long John 51 Banhart, Devendra 52 Barenberg, Russ 63 Barnes, Roosevelt “Booba” 23 Barrett, Syd 37 Also see Pink Floyd Barrueco, Manuel 39 Beamer, Keola 43 Beck, Jeff 4 Also see Yardbirds, The Beck 65 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Benoit, Tab 31 Benson, George 9 Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Berry, John 17 Bishop, Elvin 41 Bishop, Jeb 28 Blake, Norman 47 Blegvad, Peter 28 Block, Rory 18 Bloom, Luka 14 Bloomfield, Michael 40 Bond, Johnny 28 Boyd, Liona 7 Bream, Julian 9 Bromberg, David 18 Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brooks, Lonnie 54 Brooks, Meredith 30 Broom, Bobby 38 Brötzmann, Caspar 27 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Norman 29 Bruni, Carla 64 Buckethead 34 Buckingham, Lindsey 66 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Buckner, Richard 31 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Burnside, R. L. 34 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Burrell, Kenny 11 Cabrera, Ryan 58 Campbell, Glen 2 Campbell, Little Milton 58 Carlton, Larry 38

Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chapman, Tracy 66 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Chaquico, Craig 23 Chesney, Kenny 54 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Chesnutt, Mark 13 Chesnutt, Vic 28 Christian, Charlie 11 Clapton, Eric 66 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 See Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clark, Roy 1 Clark, Terri 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Cochran, Eddie 43 Cockburn, Bruce 8 Collie, Mark 15 Collins, Albert 52 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Collins, John 39 Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cook, Jesse 33 Cornelius 44 Cotten, Elizabeth 16 Coulter, William 49 Cray, Robert 46 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cropper, Steve 12 Crow, Sheryl 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Curtis, Catie 31 Cyrus, Billy Ray 66 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Dahl, Jeff 28 Dale, Dick 13 Daniels, Charlie 6 Dave, Edmunds 28 Davies, Ray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Davis, Billy 52 Davis, Guy 53 Davis, Reverend Gary 18 Day, Howie 49

Anastasio, Trey 47 Also see Phish

Carter, Deana 55

Dickens, Little Jimmy 7

Catherine, Philip 59

Dickerson, Deke 44

Gilberto, João 33

Armik 41

Cat Power 30

Diddley, Bo 3

Arthur, Joseph 57

Chadbourne, Eugene 30

Assad, Badi 36

Chapin-Carpenter, Mary 25

DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Guitar Abercrombie, John 25 Ackerman, Will 3 Adamson, Barry 28 Adcock, C.C. 52 Adé, King Sunny 18 Adkins, Trace 31 Allen, Daevid 28 Also see Gong Also see Soft Machine Allison, Luther 21 Alvin, Dave 17 Also see Blasters, The Also see X

Deerhunter 66 de Grassi, Alex 6 Del Rubio Triplets 21 de Lucia, Paco 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Denver, John 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Di Meola, Al 12 Doughty, Mike 60 Drake, Nick 17 Earl, Ronnie 5 Also see Roomful of Blues Eddy, Duane 9 Edwards, Kathleen 55 Elliott, Ramblin’ Jack 32 Ellis, Herb 18 Ely, Joe 52 Emmanuel, Tommy 62 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Emmich, Val 66 Escovedo, Alejandro 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Etheridge, Melissa 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Eubanks, Kevin 35 Fahey, John 17 Fankhauser, Merrell 24 Farrar, Jay 46 Also see Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Feist 55 Feliciano, José 10 Fell, Simon H. 32 Fender, Leo 10 Finger Eleven 66 Five for Fighting 36 Flatt, Lester 3 Flogging Molly 66 Flores, Rosie 16 Fogelberg, Dan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Fonseca, Celso 47 Ford, Lita 9 Also see Runaways, The Ford, Robben 54 Ford, T-Model 41 Fourplay 66 Frampton, Peter 62 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Humble Pie Franco 39 Frightened Rabbit 66 Fripp, Robert 9 Frisell, Bill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Frith, Fred 19 Fröhlich, Frank 32 Frusciante, John 56 Fuller, Blind Boy 20 Fulson, Lowell 20 Gaillard, Slim 31 Garcia, Jerry 4 Also see Grateful Dead, The Gatton, Danny 16 Gibson, Bob 23 Gil, Gilberto 61 Earlier sketch in CM 26

224 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Also see Pure Prairie League Glenn, Glen 66 Golightly, Holly 45 Gorka, John 18 Green, Grant 14 Green, Pat 66 Green, Peter 50 Also see Fleetwood Mac Guy, Buddy 4 Guy, George “Buddy” 56 Hackett, Bobby 21 Haggard, Merle 39 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Haley, Bill 6 Hall, Jim 35 Hall, Tom T. 26 Hammill, Peter 30 Hammond, Albert 65 Hammond, Albert, Jr. 66 Also see Strokes, The Hancock, Wayne 45 Harcourt, Ed 54 Hardin, Tim 18 Harper, Ben 17 Harris, Corey 41 Harris, Emmylou 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Harris, Jesse 47 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Hart, Alvin Youngblood 27 Harvey, PJ 43 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Hatfield, Juliana 37 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Also see Lemonheads, The Havens, Richie 11 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hedges, Michael 3 Hendrix, Jimi 2 Hepcat, Harry 23 Hicks, John 59 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Holdsworth, Allan 61 Also see Soft Machine Holly, Buddy 1 Hooker, John Lee 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hopkins, Lightnin’ 13 Howlin’ Wolf 6 Hunter, Charlie 24 Hutchinson, Eric 66 India.Arie 66 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Ingram, Jack 58

James, Colin 66 James, Elmore 8 James, Skip 24 Jean, Wyclef 60 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Jefferson, Blind Lemon 18 Jenkins, Johnny 60 Jennings, Mason 59 Jewel 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Jobim, Antonio Carlos 19 Johnson, Big Jack 60 Johnson, Blind Willie 26 Johnson, Eric 19 Johnson, Jack 64 Earlier sketch in CM 45 Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Johnson, Robert 6 Jordan, Ronny 51 Jordan, Stanley 1 Jorge, Seu 58 Juanes 43 Kaiser Chiefs 66 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Keene, Tommy 31 Keith, Toby 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kelly, Jeff 31 Kessel, Barney 47 King, Albert 2 King, B.B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Chris Thomas 43 King, Earl 44 King, Freddy 17 King, Kaki 55 Kirchen, Bill 50 Also see Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Klugh, Earl 59 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kropinski, Uwe 31 Landreth, Sonny 16 Lang, Eddie 60 Lang, Jonny 27 Langford, Jon 59 Larkin, Patty 9

Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The

Isbin, Sharon 33

Leo, Ted 43

Ives, Burl 12 Jackson, Alan 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Jackson, Randy 64

Lloyd, Bill 62 Lockwood, Robert, Jr. 10 Loeb, Lisa 23 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Lofgren, Nils 25 Lovett, Lyle 63 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Mack, Lonnie 37 Malmsteen, Yngwie 24 Malone, Russell 27 Mandell, Eleni 63 Martino, Pat 17 Mason, Willy 62 Mates of State 66 Matthews, Eric 22 Mayer, John 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Mayfield, Curtis 8 McCain, Edwin 35 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The McCaughey, Scott 31 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCoury, Del 15 McDowell, Mississippi Fred 16 McGuinn, Roger 35 McKenna, Lori 54 McKeown, Erin 57 McLachlan, Sarah 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McLaughlin, John 12 McLean, Dave 24 McLennan, Grant 21 McTell, Blind Willie 17 Merritt, Tift 52 Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Miller, Buddy 31 Miller, Frankie 59 Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mo’, Keb’ 21 Modest Mouse 60 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Montgomery, Wes 3 Moro 38 Morrissey, Bill 12 Muldaur, Maria 18 Mulvey, Peter 59 My Morning Jacket 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46

Also see Amboy Dukes, The Oldfield, Mike 18 Oldham, Will 32 Olson, Carla 45 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Osborne, Joan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Owens, Buck 2 Owens, Jack 30 Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The Pagliaro, Michel 56 Pahinui, Gabby 46 Paisley, Brad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 42 Parkening, Christopher 59 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Parker, Graham 49 Parker, Ray 63 Parnell, Lee Roy 15 Pass, Joe 15 Patton, Charley 11 Pena, Paco 60 Perkins, Carl 9 Peterson, Michael 31 Petty, Tom 50 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Phair, Liz 14 Phelps, Kelly Joe 36 Phillips, Sam 12 Phillips, Shawn 41 Pizzarelli, John 50 Powell, Baden 23 Prewitt, Archer 57 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Prophet, Chuck 32 Quaye, Finley 30 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Randolph, Robert 49 Rankin, Kenny 66 Redbone, Leon 19 Reed, Jimmy 15 Reichel, Hans 29 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Reinhardt, Django 7 Ribot, Marc 30 Richards, Keith 11 Also see Rolling Stones, The

Lewis, Jenny 66 Also see Rilo Kiley

Naess, Leona 46

Robbins, Marty 9

Near, Holly 1

Robertson, Robbie 2

Liebert, Ottmar 33

Newbury, Mickey 44

Robillard, Duke 49

Lindley, David 2

Newton, Juice 37

Lindsay, Arto 53

Nugent, Ted 2

Rodgers, Nile 8 Also see Chic

Leadbelly 6 Lee, Alvin 59 Legg, Adrian 17

Richman, Jonathan 12 Riley, Billy Lee 43 Rise Against 66 Ritenour, Lee 7 Ritter, Tex 37

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cumulative Subject Index • 225

Rose, Tim 41 Ross, Don 65 Rowan, Peter 51 Royal, Billy Joe 46 Rush, Otis 12 Sahm, Doug 30 Also see Texas Tornados, The Salem, Kevin 32 Sambora, Richie 24 Also see Bon Jovi Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Satriani, Joe 4 Scofield, John 7 Scruggs, Randy 28 Seal 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Secola, Keith 45 Secret Machines 66 Segovia, Andres 6 Segundo, Compay 45 Sete, Bola 26 Setzer, Brian 32 Sexsmith, Ron 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Sharp, Elliott 50 Sharrock, Sonny 15 Sheeran, Phil 51 Shelton, Blake 45 Shepherd, Kenny Wayne 22 Shines, Johnny 14 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Smith, Elliott 28 Smog 28 Spedding, Chris 61 Springsteen, Bruce 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Starr, Frank “Andy” 47 Stern, Leni 29 Stern, Mike 29 Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Stuart, Marty 9 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Swan, Billy 60 Tampa Red 25 Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Tedeschi, Susan 45 Terrell 32 Thielemans, Toots 13

Toure, Ali Farka 57 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Towner, Ralph 22 Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The Traoré, Boubacar 38 Travis, Merle 14 Trout, Walter 59 Trower, Robin 58 Trucks, Derek 66 Trynin, Jen 21 Tubb, Ernest 4 Turner, Otha 52 TV on the Radio 66 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Unknown Hinson 62 Vai, Steve 5 Van Ronk, Dave 12 Van Zandt, Steven 29 Vaughan, Jimmie 24 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Vaughan, Stevie Ray 52 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Wachtel, Waddy 26 Wagoner, Porter 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Walker, Joe Louis 28 Walker, T-Bone 5 Walsh, Joe 5 Also see Eagles, The Ward, M. 66 Wariner, Steve 18 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Watson, Johnny “Guitar” 41 Wayne, Jimmy 66

Thompson, Richard 7

Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The

Blue Oyster Cult 16

Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Coal Chamber 35

Thorogood, George 34 Tilbrook, Glenn 51 Tippin, Aaron 12 Todd, Mia Doi 52

Weller, Paul 14 West, Leslie 59 White, Bukka 57

Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Wiseman, Mac 19 Wood, Ron 56 Wray, Link 17 Yamagata, Rachael 66 Yamashita, Kazuhito 4 Yoakam, Dwight 60 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 York, Andrew 15 Young, Jacob 64 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Zappa, Frank 17

Harmonica Adler, Larry 35 Barnes, Roosevelt “Booba” 23 Bonfiglio, Robert 36 Cotton, James 35 Dylan, Bob 58 Foster, Willie 36 Guthrie, Woody 2 Horton, Walter 19 Lewis, Huey 9 Lewis, Jenny 66 Also see Rilo Kiley Little Walter 14 McClinton, Delbert 14 Musselwhite, Charlie 13 Reed, Jimmy 15 Riley, Billy Lee 43 Thielemans, Toots 13 Thompson, Hank 43 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Wells, Junior 17 Williamson, Sonny Boy 9 Wilson, Kim 48 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield

White, Josh 55

Heavy Metal

White, Lari 15

AC/DC 4 Aerosmith 37 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Alice in Chains 10 Angel Corpse 63

Whitfield, Mark 18 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Whittaker, Hudson 20 Wilder, Webb 55 Williams, Jody 51 Willis, Kelly 48 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Anthrax 41 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Black Sabbath 9 Cinderella 16 Circle Jerks 17 Coheed and Cambria 58

Cooper, Alice 58 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cradle of Filth 37 Danzig 7 Deep Purple 11 Def Leppard 40 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Disturbed 42 Dokken 16 Faith No More 7 Fear Factory 27 Finger Eleven 66 Fishbone 7 Flotsam and Jetsam 54 Flying Luttenbachers, The 28 Ford, Lita 9 Also see Runaways, The Galactic Cowboys 62 Gathering, The 62 Great White 44 Guns n’ Roses 2 Iron Maiden 10 Judas Priest 10 Kilgore 24 King’s X 52 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Kiss 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Led Zeppelin 49 Earlier sketch in CM 1 L7 12 Machine Head 32 Megadeth 9 Melvins 46 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Metallica 66 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Monster Magnet 39 Mötley Crüe 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Motörhead 10 Mr. Big 65 Mr. Bungle 58 Mudvayne 42 Neurosis 28 Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The Osbourne, Ozzy 39 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Black Sabbath Pantera 13 Petra 3 Queens of the Stone Age 55 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Queensryche 8 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails Rollins, Henry 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen

226 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Alexander, Monty 59 Allen, Geri 10 Allen, Harry 61 Allison, Mose 17 Allyson, Karrin 42 Alperin, Misha 64 AMM 41 Ammons, Albert 53 Ammons, Gene 39 Anderson, Ernestine 53 Anderson, Fred 32 Anderson, Ray 7 Anderson, Wessell 42 Antibalas 62 Armstrong, Louis 4 Art Ensemble of Chicago 23 Auger, Brian 63 Austin, Patti 47 Avery, Teodross 23 Axelrod, David 34 Ayers, Roy 39 Aznavour, Charles 45 Bad Plus, The 49 Bailey, Mildred 13 Bailey, Pearl 5 Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Baker, Chet 13 Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Bang on a Can All-Stars 52 Barber, Patricia 40 Barbieri, Gato 22 Barretto, Ray 37 Barron, Kenny 37 Barth, Bruce 50 Basie, Count 2 Bauer, Johannes 32 Bechet, Sidney 17 Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Belgrave, Marcus 57 Belle, Regina 45 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Bellson, Louie 66 Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Benoit, David 40 Also see Rippingtons Benson, George 9 Berigan, Bunny 2 Bey, Andy 45 Blackman, Cindy 15 Blackwell, Ed 55 Blake, Ran 38 Blakey, Art 11 Blanchard, Terence 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Earlier sketch in CM 40 Bowie, Lester 29 Braff, Ruby 43 Brahem, Anouar 46 Brand New Heavies, The 14 Braxton, Anthony 12 Brecker, Michael 29 Bridgewater, Dee Dee 18 Broom, Bobby 38 Brötzmann, Peter 26 Brown, Clifford 24 Brown, Lawrence 23 Brown, Norman 29 Brown, Oscar 56 Brown, Pete 62 Brown, Ray 21 Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brubeck, Dave 8 Bruel, Patrick 48 Bublé, Michael 64 Bunnett, Jane 37 Burrell, Kenny 11 Burton, Gary 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Byard, Jaki 56 Caine, Uri 31 Calloway, Cab 6 Canadian Brass, The 4 Carlton, Larry 38 Carter, Benny 3 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Carter, Betty 6 Carter, James 18 Carter, John 34 Carter, Regina 22 Also see String Trio of New York Carter, Ron 14 Cassidy, Eva 35 Catherine, Philip 59 Chambers, Paul 18 Chanticleer 33 Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cherry, Don 10 Chestnut, Cyrus 47 Christian, Charlie 11 Cincotti, Peter 52 Clarion Fracture Zone 45 Clarke, Kenny 35 Clarke, Stanley 3 Clements, Vassar 18 Clooney, Rosemary 9 Codona 44 Cohen, Avishai 42

Earlier sketch in CM 4 Connors, Norman 30 Cook, Carla 57 Corea, Chick 6 Coxhill, Lol 41 Crawford, Randy 25 Crispell, Marilyn 64 Earlier sketch in CM 47 Culbertson, Brian 40 Cullum, Jamie 56 Dameron, Tadd 56 Dara, Olu 46 Davis, Anthony 17 Davis, Eddie “Lockjaw” 40 Davis, Miles 1 Davison, Wild Bill 34 Dazz Band 64 Dearie, Blossom 46 DeFranco, Buddy 31 DeJohnette, Jack 7 Denny, Martin 44 De Phazz 63 Dietrich, Marlene 25 Di Meola, Al 12 Dirty Dozen 23 Dixie Dregs 36 Dolphy, Eric 36 Douglas, Dave 29 Downing, Will 39 Dulfer, Candy 35 Eckstine, Billy 1 Edison, Harry “Sweets” 29 Edwards, Teddy 44 Eldridge, Roy 9 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Elling, Kurt 31 Ellington, Duke 2 Ellis, Herb 18 Emmanuel, Tommy 62 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Eskelin, Ellery 31 Eubanks, Kevin 35 Evans, Bill 17 Evans, Gil 17 Fell, Simon H. 32 Ferguson, Maynard 7 Ferrell, Rachelle 17 Ferrer, Ibrahim 44 Also see Orchestra Baobab Fitzgerald, Ella 1 Flanagan, Tommy 16 Fleck, Béla 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see New Grass Revival, The Flying Luttenbachers, The 28

Cole, Freddy 35

Ford, Robben 54

Cole, Holly 18

Fountain, Pete 7

Cole, Nat King 3

Fourplay 66

Coleman, Ornette 5

Francis, David “Panama” 37

Acoustic Alchemy 38

Bley, Carla 65 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Golden Palominos

Collins, John 39

Freeman, Von 48

Adderley, Cannonball 15

Bley, Paul 14

Colon, Willie 37

Friesen, David 41

Adderley, Nat 29

Blood, Sweat and Tears 7

Coltrane, Alice 52

Akiyoshi, Toshiko 38

Bolling, Claude 49

Coltrane, John 4

Frisell, Bill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Albright, Gerald 62

Botti, Chris 63

Connick, Harry, Jr. 36

Fröhlich, Frank 32

Runaways, The 44 Saliva 38 Sepultura 12 Sevendust 37 Skillet 54 Skinny Puppy 17 Slayer 62 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Soulfly 33 Soundgarden 6 Spinal Tap 8 Staind 65 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Stryper 2 Suicidal Tendencies 15 System of a Down 36 Tool 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Twisted Sister 66 Type O Negative 27 Warrant 17 Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics 26 Whitesnake 5 White Zombie 17

Humor Borge, Victor 19 Coasters, The 5 Dr. Demento 23 Friedman, Kinky 35 Jones, Spike 5 Lehrer, Tom 7 Los Straitjackets 50 Moxy Früvous 45 Nixon, Mojo 32 Pearl, Minnie 3 Russell, Mark 6 Sandler, Adam 19 Schickele, Peter 5 Shaffer, Paul 13 Spinal Tap 8 Stevens, Ray 7 Wheeler, Cheryl 43 Willis, Wesley 51 Yankovic, “Weird Al” 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Inventors Fender, Leo 10 Harris, Eddie 15 Moog, Robert A. 46 Partch, Harry 29 Paul, Les 2 Reichel, Hans 29 Teagarden, Jack 10 Theremin, Leon 19

Jazz Abercrombie, John 25 Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38 Abrams, Muhal Richard 37

Flynn, Frank Emilio 37

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Gaillard, Slim 31 Galway, James 3 Garbarek, Jan 30 Garner, Erroll 25 Garrett, Kenny 28 Gayle, Charles 35 Gerhard-García, Alexandra 41 Getz, Stan 12 Gibbs, Terry 35 Gilberto, Astrud 44 Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Goodman, Benny 4 Gordon, Dexter 10 Grappelli, Stephane 10 Green, Benny 17 Green, Grant 14 Green, Urbie 36 Guaraldi, Vince 3 Hackett, Bobby 21 Haden, Charlie 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Hall, Jim 35 Hampton, Lionel 6 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hardcastle, Paul 20 Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Harrell, Tom 28 Harris, Barry 32 Harris, Eddie 15 Harris, Teddy 22 Harrison, Wendell 56 Hawkins, Coleman 11 Hawkins, Erskine 19 Hayes, Louis 40 Haynes, Roy 33 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hedges, Michael 3 Hemphill, Julius 34 Henderson, Fletcher 16 Henderson, Joe 14 Herman, Woody 12 Hibbler, Al 34 Hicks, John 59 Higgins, Billy 35 Hill, Andrew 41 Hines, Earl “Fatha” 12 Hinton, Milt 33 Hiromi 66 Hirt, Al 5 Ho, Fred 60 Hofmann, Holly 41 Holiday, Billie 6 Holland, Dave 27 Horn, Shirley 7 Horne, Lena 53 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Humes, Helen 19

Isham, Mark 14 Jackson, Milt 15 Jacquet, Illinois 53 Jamal, Ahmad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 32 James, Boney 21 James, Harry 11 Jarreau, Al 62 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jarrett, Keith 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jenkins, Leroy 39 Jensen, Ingrid 22 Jobim, Antonio Carlos 19 Johnson, Buddy 44 Johnson, J.J. 33 Johnson, James P. 16 Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Johnson, Marc 58 Johnston, Phillip 36 Jones, Elvin 9 Jones, Etta 37 Jones, Hank 15 Jones, Jonah 53 Jones, Norah 48 Jones, Philly Joe 16 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Thad 19 Jordan, Marc 30 Jordan, Ronny 51 Jordan, Stanley 1 Kang, Eyvind 28 Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Kenny G 14 Kent, Stacey 28 Kenton, Stan 21 Kirk, Rahsaan Roland 6 Kitt, Eartha 9 Klugh, Earl 59 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Koffman, Moe 34 Konitz, Lee 30 Kool & the Gang 58 Kowald, Peter 32 Krall, Diana 50 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kronos Quartet, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kropinski, Uwe 31 Krupa, Gene 13 Laine, Cleo 10 Lambert, Hendricks and Ross 28 Lang, Eddie 60 Lateef, Yusef 16 Laws, Hubert 38 Lee, Peggy 8

Cumulative Subject Index • 227

Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights

Music Revelation Ensemble 43

Northwoods Improvisers 31 Norvo, Red 12 O’Day, Anita 21 O’Farrill, Chico 31 Oliver, King 15 Oregon 30 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Oxley, Tony 32 Palmer, Jeff 20 Palmieri, Eddie 15 Paris Combo 54 Parker, Charlie 5 Parker, Evan 28 Also see Brotherhood of Breath Parker, Leon 27 Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Parker, William 31 Pass, Joe 15 Paul, Les 2 Payton, Nicholas 27 Peacock, Gary 48 Pepper, Art 18 Perez, Danilo 25 Peterson, Oscar 11 Peyroux, Madeleine 53 Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Pine, Courtney 51 Pizzarelli, John 50 Ponty, Jean-Luc 8 Portuondo, Omara 42 Powell, Bud 15 Previn, André 15 Professor Longhair 6 Puente, Tito 14 Pullen, Don 16 Purim, Flora 45 Ralph Sharon Quartet 26 Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6 Randolph, Boots 57 Ranelin, Phil 55 Rankin, Kenny 66 Rebirth Brass Band 35 Redman, Dewey 32 Redman, Joshua 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Reeves, Dianne 16 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Reinhardt, Django 7 Ribot, Marc 30 Rich, Buddy 13 Rippingtons 38 Rivers, Sam 29 Roach, Max 12 Roberts, Marcus 6 Robillard, Duke 2 Robinson, Spike 62 Rodney, Red 14 Rollins, Sonny 7

Najee 21

Roney, Wallace 33

Nascimento, Milton 6

Rosnes, Renée 44

Hyman, Dick 39

Lincoln, Abbey 42 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Navarro, Fats 25

Rova Saxophone Quartet 42

Ibrahim, Abdullah 24

Liquid Soul 42

Niacin 51

Rumba Club 36

Incognito 16

Little, Booker 36

NOJO 47

Rushen, Patrice 49

Hunter, Alberta 7 Hunter, Charlie 24

Lewis, John 29

Lloyd, Charles 22 London, Julie 32 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Los Hombres Calientes 29 Lovano, Joe 13 Lynn, Vera 54 Lyttelton, Humphrey 66 Mahavishnu Orchestra 19 Mahogany, Kevin 26 Malone, Russell 27 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mangione, Chuck 23 Manhattan Transfer, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Mann, Herbie 16 Marsalis, Branford 10 Marsalis, Ellis 13 Marsalis, Wynton 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Martino, Pat 17 Masekela, Hugh 7 Matsui, Keiko 35 Mayer, John 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 McBride, Christian 17 McCorkle, Susannah 27 McFerrin, Bobby 3 McGriff, Jimmy 66 McKay, Nellie 61 McKinney’s Cotton Pickers 16 McLaughlin, John 12 McLean, Jackie 41 McNeely, Big Jay 37 McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 McRae, Carmen 9 McShann, Jay 41 Medeski, Martin & Wood 32 Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mingus, Charles 9 Monheit, Jane 33 Monk, Thelonious 6 Montgomery, Wes 3 Moody, James 34 Moran, Jason 44 Moreira, Airto 44 Morgan, Frank 9 Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Mr. Bungle 58 Muhammad, Idris 40 Mulligan, Gerry 16 Murray, Dave 28 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet

228 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Stern, Mike 29

Take 6 39 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tate, Buddy 33 Tatum, Art 17 Taylor, Billy 13 Taylor, Cecil 9 Teagarden, Jack 10 Terrasson, Jacky 52 Terry, Clark 24 Thielemans, Toots 13 Thievery Corporation 66 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Thornton, Teri 28 Threadgill, Henry 9 Tin Hat Trio 41 Tisdale, Wayman 61 Torme, Mel 4 Torres, Nestor 36 Tristano, Lennie 30 Trovesi, Gianluigi 66 Trucks, Derek 66 Truffaz, Erik 54 Tuck & Patti 44 Tucker, Sophie 12 Turner, Big Joe 13 Turner, Mark 40 Turner, Roger 32 Turrentine, Stanley 42 Turtle Island String Quartet 9 TV on the Radio 66 Tyner, McCoy 7 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble US3 18 Valdes, Bebo 42 Valdes, Chuco 25 Valentin, Dave 33 Vandermark, Ken 28 Van Hove, Fred 30 Vaughan, Sarah 2 Vitro, Roseanna 49 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Waldron, Mal 43 Walker, T-Bone 5 Wallace, Bennie 31 Washington, Dinah 5 Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights Watanabe, Sadao 39 Waters, Benny 58 Weather Report 19 Webb, Chick 14

Stitt, Sonny 59

Weber, Eberhard 41

Hot Chip 64

Latin Music

Strayhorn, Billy 13

Wells, Bill 34

Hyman, Dick 39

Aguilar, Pepe 62

String Trio of New York 40

Weston, Randy 15

Alcione 51

Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The

Whalum, Kirk 39 Whitaker, Rodney 20

Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Sun Ra 27 Earlier sketch in CM 5

White, Tony Joe 61

Jarre, Jean-Michel 2

Arjona, Ricardo 43

Whiteman, Paul 17

Aterciopelados 38

Svensson, Esbjörn 66

Whitfield, Mark 18

Jones, Booker T. 8 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s

Tabackin, Lew 47

Whitfield, Weslia 39

Kid606 36

Bacilos 48

Rushing, Jimmy 37 Russell, Pee Wee 25 Saluzzi, Dino 23 Salvador, Henri 48 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sánchez, David 40 Sanders, Pharoah 28 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Sandoval, Arturo 62 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Schneider, Maria 48 Schuur, Diane 48 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Schweizer, Irène 46 Scofield, John 7 Scott, Jimmy 14 Scott, Tony 32 Scott-Heron, Gil 13 Sebesky, Don 33 Severinsen, Doc 1 Sharrock, Sonny 15 Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Shaw, Marlena 53 Shaw, Woody 27 Shearing, George 28 Sheeran, Phil 51 Shepp, Archie 43 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Sia 64 Silva, Alan 45 Silver, Horace 19 Simone, Nina 11 Sims, Zoot 37 Sloane, Carol 36 Smith, Jimmy 54 Smith, Jocelyn B. 30 Smith, Tommy 28 Smith, Willie 58 Soft Machine 36 Solal, Martial 4 Sommer, Günter “Baby” 31 Soulive 44 Spyro Gyra 34 Stan´ko, Tomasz 47 Stern, Leni 29

Whittaker, Rodney 19 Willem Breuker Kollektief 28 Williams, Claude “Fiddler” 42 Williams, Joe 11 Williams, Mary Lou 51 Wilson, Cassandra 26 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Wilson, Nancy 28 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Winding, Kai 35 Winehouse, Amy 61 Winter, Paul 10 Witherspoon, Jimmy 19 World Saxophone Quartet 39 Wright, Lizz 56 Yellowjackets 36 Young, Jacob 64 Young, La Monte 16 Young, Lester 14 Z, Rachel 40 Zawinul, Joe 63 Zenón, Miguel 65 Zonjic, Alexander 53 Zorn, John 15 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble

Juju Adé, King Sunny 18 Adewale, Segun 50 Obey, Ebenezer 49

Keyboards, Electric Air 33 Aphex Twin 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Auger, Brian 63 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Bley, Paul 14 Blue Six 64 Brown, Tony 14 Chemical Brothers, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Corea, Chick 6 Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Dolby, Thomas 10 Eno, Brian 49 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Roxy Music Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Froom, Mitchell 15 Hammer, Jan 21 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Kitaro 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 LCD Soundsystem 64 Man or Astroman? 21 McVie, Christine 53 Mendes, Sergio 65 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Merzbow 31 Moby 64 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Nancarrow, Conlon 56 Orbital 20 Palmer, Jeff 20 Riley, Terry 32 Sakamoto, Ryuichi 19 Shaffer, Paul 13 Smog 28 Stereolab 47 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Stockhausen, Karlheinz 36 Sun Ra 27 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Thievery Corporation 66 Earlier sketch in CM 31 To Rococo Rot 31 TV on the Radio 66 Wakeman, Rick 27 Also see Strawbs Also see Yes Waller, Fats 7 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Wolf, Peter 31 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Worrell, Bernie 11 Yanni 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Z, Rachel 40 Zawinul, Joe 63 Wright, Rick 65 Also see Pink Floyd Jem 65 Hinder 65 Wright, Rick 65 Also see Pink Floyd Jem 65 Daft Punk 66 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Fourplay 66 Frightened Rabbit 66 Kaiser Chiefs 66 Mates of State 66

Hardcastle, Paul 20

Anthony, Marc 33 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Baca, Susana 32

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Banda el Recodo 56 Barretto, Ray 37 Bega, Lou 36 Beltrán, Lola 48 Bermúdez, Obie 63 Blades, Rubén 58 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Bosé, Miguel 40 Café Tacuba 45 Calle 13 65 Canales, Laura 56 Carr, Vikki 28 Carvalho, Beth 60 Caymmi, Dorival 65 Chayanne 44 Chia, Enrique 54 Colon, Willie 37 Conjunto Bernal 63 Crespo, Elvis 36 Cristian 40 Cruz, Celia 22 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Cugat, Xavier 23 Downs, Lila 49 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 El Gran Combo 39 Elias, Eliane 50 Estefan, Gloria 63 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Feliciano, José 10 Fernandez, Alejandro 43 Fernández, Pedro 49 Fernandez, Vicente 42 Ferrer, Ibrahim 44 Also see Orchestra Baobab Flores, Rosie 50 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Flynn, Frank Emilio 37 Frankie J. 58 Freeman, Chico 49 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gabriel, Juan 31 Gardel, Carlos 57 Gil, Gilberto 61 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Gilberto, Astrud 44 Gilberto, Bebel 51 Gilberto, João 33 Gonzalez, Ruben 49 Guerra, Juan 63 Guerrero, Lalo 55 Guzmán, Alejandra 44 Iglesias, Enrique 27 Iglesias, Julio 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jara, Victor 59 Jordan, Esteban 49 Jorge, Seu 58

Cumulative Subject Index • 229

Headley, Heather 37 Horne, Lena 53 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Johnson, James P. 16 Jolson, Al 10 Kander, John 33 Kern, Jerome 13 Laine, Cleo 10 Laliberté, Guy 51 Lerner and Loewe 13 Lloyd Webber, Andrew 6 Love, Darlene 46 LuPone, Patti 8 Martin, Mary 27 Masekela, Hugh 7 Matz, Peter 43 McDonald, Audra 36 Menken, Alan 10 Mercer, Johnny 13 Merman, Ethel 27 Moore, Melba 7 Newton-John, Olivia 61 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Patinkin, Mandy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Peters, Bernadette 27 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Porter, Cole 10 Ritter, Tex 37 Robeson, Paul 8 Rodgers, Richard 9 Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Shaffer, Paul 13 Short, Bobby 55 Sondheim, Stephen 8 Streisand, Barbra 35 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Strouse, Charles 43 Styne, Jule 21 Warfield, William 33 Waters, Ethel 11 Weill, Kurt 12 Whiting, Margaret 28 Wildhorn, Frank 31 Yeston, Maury 22

Earlier sketch in CM 33 Lee, Rita 37 Lins, Ivan 58 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Lopez, Jennifer 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Los Bukis 63 Los Hombres Calientes 29 Los Palominos 53 Luis Miguel 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Maná 37 Martin, Ricky 26 Mendes, Sergio 65 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Mendoza, Lydia 56 Midon, Raul 57 Molina, Juana 53 Molotov 47 Monte, Marisa 38 Montenegro, Pilar 52 Moré, Beny 57 Moreno, Jorge 54 Nascimento, Milton 6 O’Farrill, Chico 31 Palmieri, Eddie 15 Perez, Danilo 25 Portuondo, Omara 42 Prado, Pérez 53 Puente, Tito 14 Rodrigues, Virginia 48 Rosario 43 Rubio, Paulina 39 Rumba Club 36 Saluzzi, Dino 23 San Basilio, Paloma 60 Sánchez, David 40 Sandoval, Arturo 62 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sanz, Alejandro 35 Secada, Jon 13 Segundo, Compay 45 Selena 16 Sete, Bola 26 Shakira 59 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Simonal, Wilson 33 Solis, Marco 56 Son by Four 35 Soraya 46 Sosa, Mercedes 3 Tañón, Olga 39 Thalia 38 Tijuana No! 32 Torres, Nestor 36

Velasquez, Jaci 32 Venegas, Julieta 62 Vives, Carlos 38 Zaa, Charlie 51 Zenón, Miguel 65

Day, Doris 24

Adams, John 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Álvarez, Marcelo 45 Ameling, Elly 24 Amici Forever 57 Anderson, June 27 Anderson, Marian 8 Austral, Florence 26 Baker, Janet 14 Bartoli, Cecilia 51 Battle, Kathleen 6

La India Canela 66 Earlier sketch in CM 35

Trevi, Gloria 29

Eder, Linda 30

Beltrán, Tito 28

Troilo, Aníbal 58

Garland, Judy 6

Blegen, Judith 23

La Ley 62 Earlier sketch in CM 33

Valdes, Bebo 42

Gershwin, George and Ira 11

Valdès, Chucho 25

Guettel, Adam 56

Bocelli, Andrea 59 Earlier sketch in CM 22

La Ley 62

Valentin, Dave 33

Hamlisch, Marvin 1

Bonney, Barbara 33

Juanes 43 Kumbia Kings 52

Liturgical Music Cooney, Rory 6 Talbot, John Michael 6

Mandolin Baldassari, Butch 43 Bromberg, David 18 Flogging Molly 66 Grisman, David 17 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Haynie, Aubrey 46 James, Colin 66 Lawson, Doyle 55 Lindley, David 2 Mayer, John 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Monroe, Bill 1 Rowan, Peter 51 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stuart, Marty 9

Musicals Allen, Debbie 8 Allen, Peter 11 Andrews, Julie 33 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Andrews Sisters, The 9 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bailey, Pearl 5 Baker, Josephine 10 Ball, Michael 43 Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Berlin, Irving 8 Boone, Debby 46 Brightman, Sarah 45 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Buckley, Betty 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Burnett, Carol 6 Carter, Nell 7 Channing, Carol 6 Chenoweth, Kristin 55 Chevalier, Maurice 6 Crawford, Michael 4 Crosby, Bing 6 Curry, Tim 3 Davis, Sammy, Jr. 4

Oboe Lateef, Yusef 16 Rothwell, Evelyn 35

Opera

230 • Cumulative Subject Index

Börtz, Daniel 52 Bumbry, Grace 13 Caballe, Monserrat 23 Caldwell, Sarah 59 Callas, Maria 11 Carreras, José 34 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Caruso, Enrico 10 Chanticleer 33 Church, Charlotte 28 Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The Cotrubas, Ileana 1 Davis, Anthony 17 Dessay, Natalie 64 Domingo, Placido 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Eaglen, Jane 36 Evans, Anne 46 Fleming, Renee 24 Freni, Mirella 14 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Gheorghiu, Angela 38 Graham, Susan 40 Graves, Denyce 16 Groban, Josh 47 Gruber, Andrea 54 Hadley, Jerry 64 Hampson, Thomas 12 Hendricks, Barbara 10 Heppner, Ben 23 Herrmann, Bernard 14 Horne, Marilyn 9 Il Divo 61 Jo, Sumi 37 Licitra, Salvatore 46 Malfitano, Catherine 45 Mattila, Karita 48 McNair, Sylvia 15 Menotti, Gian Carlo 37 Moffo, Anna 59 Netrebko, Anna 49 Nilsson, Birgit 31 Norman, Jessye 7 Pavarotti, Luciano 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Price, Leontyne 6 Quasthoff, Thomas 26 Ramey, Samuel 51 Safina, Alessandro 42 Scholl, Andreas 38 Sills, Beverly 5 Solti, Georg 13 Sutherland, Joan 13 Tan Dun 33 Te Kanawa, Kiri 2 Terfel, Bryn 31 Toscanini, Arturo 14 Upshaw, Dawn 53 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Varnay, Astrid 60

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Weill, Kurt 12 Zimmerman, Udo 5

Percussion

von Karajan, Herbert 1

Aronoff, Kenny 21 Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Barretto, Ray 37 Blackman, Cindy 15 Blakey, Art 11 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Burton, Gary 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Collins, Phil 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Connors, Norman 30 Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The DeJohnette, Jack 7 Frightened Rabbit 66 Gerhard-García, Alexandra 41 Glennie, Evelyn 33 Gurtu, Trilok 29 Hampton, Lionel 6 Hart, Mickey 39 Also see Grateful Dead, The Henley, Don 3 Hussain, Zakir 32 Ibarra, Susie 55 Jones, Elvin 9 Jones, Philly Joe 16 Jones, Spike 5 Krupa, Gene 13 Mates of State 66 Mo’, Keb’ 21 Moreira, Airto 44 N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Otis, Johnny 16 Oxley, Tony 32 Palmieri, Eddie 15 Parker, Leon 27 Puente, Tito 14 Quaye, Finley 30 Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha 29 Rich, Buddy 13 Roach, Max 12 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Scharin, Doug 32 Schütze, Paul 32 Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Singh, Talvin 44 Sommer, Günter “Baby” 31 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Tuncboyaciyan, Arto 50 Turner, Roger 32 Walden, Narada Michael 14 Webb, Chick 14

von Otter, Anne Sofie 30

Piano

von Stade, Frederica 48

Abbuehl, Susanne 62 Abrams, Muhal Richard 37

Voigt, Deborah 42

Watson, Russell 37

Adamson, Barry 28 Adès, Thomas 30 Akiyoshi, Toshiko 38 Alexander, Monty 59 Alexander-Max, Susan 63 Allen, Geri 10 Allison, Mose 17 Alperin, Misha 64 Ammons, Albert 53 Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Argerich, Martha 27 Arrau, Claudio 1 Ashkenazy, Vladimir 32 Ax, Emanuel 65 Axton, Hoyt 28 Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Barber, Patricia 40 Barenboim, Daniel 30 Barron, Kenny 37 Barth, Bruce 50 Basie, Count 2 Baxter, Les 47 Ben Folds Five 20 Benoit, David 40 Also see Rippingtons Berlin, Irving 8 Bey, Andy 45 Blake, Eubie 19 Blake, Ran 38 Bley, Carla 65 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Golden Palominos Bley, Paul 14 Bolcom, William 54 Bolling, Claude 49 Booker, James 62 Borge, Victor 19 Boulanger, Nadia 56 Bratke, Marcelo 52 Brendel, Alfred 23 Brickman, Jim 22 Britten, Benjamin 15 Bronfman, Yefim 6 Brooks, Hadda 43 Brubeck, Dave 8 Buckwheat Zydeco 34 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Buechner, Sara 53 Burns, Ralph 37 Bush, Kate 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bushkin, Joe 54 Byard, Jaki 56 Caine, Uri 31

Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Chestnut, Cyrus 47 Chia, Enrique 54 Cincotti, Peter 52 Clayderman, Richard 1 Cleveland, James 1 Cliburn, Van 13 Cohen, Avishai 42 Cole, Freddy 35 Cole, Nat King 3 Collins, Judy 4 Collins, Phil 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Coltrane, Alice 52 Connick, Harry, Jr. 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Crispell, Marilyn 64 Earlier sketch in CM 47 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Cullum, Jamie 56 Davies, Dennis Russell 24 DeGraw, Gavin 64 DeJohnette, Jack 7 Denny, Martin 44 Diamond, David 58 Domino, Fats 2 Dr. John 63 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Dupree, Champion Jack 12 Elias, Eliane 50 Ellington, Duke 2 Esquivel, Juan 17 Evans, Bill 17 Evans, Gil 17 Feinstein, Michael 6 Feldman, Morton 42 Ferrell, Rachelle 17 Five for Fighting 36 Flack, Roberta 5 Flanagan, Tommy 16 Flynn, Frank Emilio 37 Fogelberg, Dan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Folds, Ben 50 Also see Ben Folds Five Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Fray, The 66 Frey, Glenn 3 Gaillard, Slim 31 Galás, Diamanda 16 Garner, Erroll 25 Gayle, Charles 35 Glass, Philip 47 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Gonzalez, Ruben 49 Gould, Glenn 9 Green, Benny 17

Cardew, Cornelius 56

Grimaud, Hélène 35

Carlton, Vanessa 53

Grusin, Dave 7

Carpenter, Richard 24 Also see Carpenters

Guaraldi, Vince 3

Charles, Ray 54

Hamlisch, Marvin 1

Hamelin, Marc-André 33

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cumulative Subject Index • 231

Hammill, Peter 30 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hanna, Roland, Sir 45 Harris, Barry 32 Harris, Teddy 22 Helfgott, David 19 Henderson, Fletcher 16 Henderson, Skitch 58 Hill, Andrew 41 Hinderas, Natalie 12 Hines, Earl “Fatha” 12 Hiromi 66 Horn, Shirley 7 Hornsby, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Horowitz, Vladimir 1 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Hough, Stephen 40 Hutchinson, Eric 66 Hyman, Dick 39 Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jamal, Ahmad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 32 James, Skip 24 Jarrett, Keith 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Johnson, Buddy 44 Johnson, James P. 16 Johnson, Marc 58 Johnson/last , Johnnie 56 Jones, Hank 15 Jones, Howard 26 Jones, Norah 48 Joplin, Scott 10 Kater, Peter 35 Kenton, Stan 21 Keys, Alicia 46 Kissin, Evgeny 55 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Krall, Diana 50 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kreviazuk, Chantal 33 Kurtág, György 54 Lanz, David 42 Legend, John 61 Levine, James 8 Lewis, Jerry Lee 60 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lewis, John 29 Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights

MacGregor, Joanna 41 Manilow, Barry 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Marsalis, Ellis 13 Matsui, Keiko 35 Matthews, Eric 22 McLachlan, Sarah 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 McRae, Carmen 9 McShann, Jay 41 Milsap, Ronnie 2 Mingus, Charles 9 Monk, Thelonious 6 Montgomery, Little Brother 26 Moran, Jason 44 Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Nero, Peter 19 Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Nile, Willie 31 Palmieri, Eddie 15 Peeters, Flor 51 Pennario, Leonard 65 Perahia, Murray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Perez, Danilo 25 Perkins, Pinetop 54 Perlemuter, Vlado 41 Peterson, Oscar 11 Pires, Maria João 26 Post, Mike 21 Powell, Bud 15 Pratt, Awadagin 19 Previn, André 15 Professor Longhair 6 Puente, Tito 14 Pullen, Don 16 Quaye, Finley 30 Rangell, Andrew 24 Rich, Charlie 3 Riley, Terry 32 Roberts, Marcus 6 Rosnes, Renée 44 Rubinstein, Arthur 11 Russell, Leon 35 Russell, Mark 6 Rzewski, Frederic 57 Samuelsson, Marie 47 Schickele, Peter 5 Schifrin, Lalo 29 Schweizer, Irène 46 Sedaka, Neil 4 Shaffer, Paul 13 Shepard, Vonda 35 Shipp, Matthew 31 Short, Bobby 55 Shostakovich, Dmitry 42

Liberace 9

Slean, Sarah 65

Line, Lorie 34

Smith, Jimmy 54

Pop

Autumn Defense, The 64

Little Richard 1

Smith, Willie 58

Abba 12

Avalon, Frankie 5

Lupu, Radu 36

Solal, Martial 4

Abdul, Paula 3

Ayers, Kevin 58

MacDermot, Galt 49

Solti, Georg 13

Adam Ant 13

Bacharach, Burt 49

Spann, Otis 18 Spektor, Regina 60 Spivey, Victoria 44 Story, Liz 45 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Strayhorn, Billy 13 Sunnyland Slim 16 Svensson, Esbjörn 66 Sykes, Roosevelt 20 Tatum, Art 17 Taylor, Billy 13 Taylor, Cecil 9 Teng, Vienna 55 Terrasson, Jacky 52 Thibaudet, Jean-Yves 24 Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Thornton, Teri 28 Tiersen, Yann 59 Tristano, Lennie 30 Tureck, Rosalyn 46 Tyner, McCoy 7 Uchida, Mitsuko 47 Valdes, Bebo 42 Valdes, Chuco 25 Vangelis 21 Van Hove, Fred 30 Volodos, Arcadi 28 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Waldron, Mal 43 Walker, George 34 Waller, Fats 7 Wells, Bill 34 Weston, Randy 15 Williams, Jessica 39 Williams, Mary Lou 51 Williamson, Malcolm 45 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Wilson, Cassandra 26 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Wirtz, Billy 62 Wolf, Peter 31 Wolff, Christian 38 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Yamagata, Rachael 66 Yancey, Jimmy 54 Young, La Monte 16

Piccolo Galway, James 3

Adams, Bryan 61 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Adams, Oleta 17 Adams, Ryan 38 Also see Whiskeytown Adler, Larry 35 Aguilera, Christina 61 Earlier sketch in CM 30 A-ha 22 Aiken, Clay 60 Air 33 Air Supply 22 Akon 61 Allen, Lily 66 All-4-One 17 All Saints 25 Almond, Marc 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 29 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Aly & AJ 63 Amante, Michael 61 A-Mei 40 America 16 Ames, Ed 31 Amorosi, Vanessa 37 Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Anastacia 38 Anderson, Laurie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Andrews, Julie 33 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Andrews Sisters, The 9 Anggun 60 Anthony, Marc 33 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Anu, Christine 34 A1 41 Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Aqua 34 Arctic Monkeys 66 Arden, Jann 52 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Arena, Tina 21 Armatrading, Joan 4 Arnold, Eddy 10 Artifacts 23 Ash 34 Ashcroft, Richard 55 Astley, Rick 5 Atari Teenage Riot 27 A*Teens 36 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Atomic Fireballs, The 27 Austin, Sherrié 34 Autechre 62 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Automatic, The 63

232 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Backstreet Boys 21 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Badu, Erykah 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Baha Men 32 Bailey, Pearl 5 Baker, Arthur 23 Ball, Michael 43 Bananarama 22 Bangles 22 Banhart, Devendra 52 Barra MacNeils, The 48 Barrino, Fantasia 61 Basia 5 Bauhaus 27 BBMak 38 Beach Boys, The 1 Beach House 65 Beat Happening 28 Beatles, The 2 Beau Brummels 39 Beaver Brown Band, The 3 Beck 65 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Bee Gees, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Bega, Lou 36 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Bell X1 64 Belly 16 Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Benson, Brendan 55 Benson, George 9 Benton, Brook 7 Beta Band, The 27 Better Than Ezra 19 Beulah 48 Big Bad Voodoo Daddy 38 Big Star 36 Björk 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Sugarcubes, The Black, Jully 64 Black Eyed Peas 45 Blegvad, Peter 28 Blige, Mary J. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Blink 182 27 Blondie 27 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bloodhound Gang, The 31

Bolton, Michael 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Boltz, Ray 33 Booker T. & the M.G.’s 24 Boone, Pat 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Boo Radleys, The 21 Bosé, Miguel 40 Boston 11 Bowie, David 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Boyz II Men 15 Boyzone 40 Bragg, Billy 7 Branca, Glenn 29 Branigan, Laura 2 Braxton, Toni 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Brazilian Girls 65 Brickell, Edie 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 3 Bright Eyes 42 Brion, Jon 52 Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brown, Bobby 4 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Foxy 25 Brown, Ian 66 Also see Stone Roses, The Browne, Jackson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Bruni, Carla 64 Bryson, Peabo 11 Bublé, Michael 64 Buckingham, Lindsey 66 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Buckley, Tim 14 Buffalo Daughter 54 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bunton, Emma 54 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War

Blue Man Group 44

Cardigans 19

Blue Rodeo 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Carey, Mariah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Bluetones, The 29 Blunt, James 63 BoDeans, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Burroughs, William S. 26 B*Witched 33 Cabaret Voltaire 18 Cabrera, Ryan 58 Cameo 60 Campbell, Glen 2 Campbell, Tevin 13 Cantrell, Blu 45 Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Carlisle, Belinda 63 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Carll, Hayes 65

Carlton, Vanessa 53 Carmichael, Hoagy 27 Carnes, Kim 4 Carpenter, Richard 24 Also see Carpenters Carpenters 13 Carr, Vikki 28 Carroll, Dina 31 Carter, Aaron 35 Case, Peter 13 Cassidy, Eva 35 Catatonia 29 Chad & Jeremy 62 Chandra, Sheila 16 Chanticleer 33 Chapin, Harry 6 Chapin-Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chapman, Tracy 66 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Charlatans, The (U.K.) 13 Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Chayanne 44 Checker, Chubby 7 Cher 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Sonny and Cher Cherry, Neneh 4 Cherry Poppin’ Daddies 24 Cheung, Jacky 33 Chic 39 Chicago 3 Chiffons, The 43 Chilton, Alex 10 Also see Big Star Also see Box Tops, The Chordettes, The 34 Cibo Matto 28 City and Colour 66 Clapton, Eric 66 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 See Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clark, Petula 40 Clarkson, Kelly 53 Clayderman, Richard 1 Click Five, The 64 Clooney, Rosemary 9 Club Nouveau 62 Coasters, The 5 Cobra Starship 64 Cocker, Joe 54 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Cocteau Twins, The 12 Coldplay 62 Earlier sketch in CM 32

Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cole, Paula 20 Collins, Edwyn 47 Collins, Judy 4 Collins, Phil 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Color Me Badd 23 Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Commodores, The 23 Como, Perry 14 Connick, Harry, Jr. 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Conniff, Ray 37 Connor, Chris 30 Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Coolidge, Rita 40 Cope, Julian 16 Cornell, Don 30 Cornershop 24 Corrs, The 32 Costa, Matt 64 Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cranberries, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Crash Test Dummies 14 Crenshaw, Marshall 5 Crespo, Elvis 36 Cristian 40 Croce, Jim 3 Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Cross, Christopher 60 Crow, Sheryl 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Crowded House 63 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Crystal Method, The 35 Culture Club 37 Cure, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Cute Is What We Aim For 65 Cyrus, Billy Ray 66 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Cyrus, Miley 64 Daft Punk 66 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Dalaras, George 40 Dalton, Nic 31 Daltrey, Roger 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Who, The Damone, Vic 33 Daniel Amos 44 Danielson 59

Cole, Lloyd 9

D’Arby, Terence Trent 3

Cole, Nat King 3 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Darin, Bobby 4

Cole, Natalie 61 Earlier sketch in CM 21

Dave Clark Five, The 12

Cohn, Marc 43

Dave, Edmunds 28 David, Craig 42

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Davies, Ray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Davis, Alana 36 Davis, Sammy, Jr. 4 Davis, Skeeter 15 Day, Doris 24 Day, Howie 49 Dayne, Taylor 60 Earlier sketch in CM 4 dB’s, The 37 Death Cab For Cutie 49 DeBarge, El 14 Decemberists, The 55 Deerhunter 66 DeFrancesco, Joey 29 Del Amitri 18 Delerium 37 Delirious? 62 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Dells, The 30 Del Rubio Triplets 21 Del Vikings, The 35 Dennen, Brett 66 Denny, Martin 44 Denver, John 1 Depeche Mode 35 Earlier sketch in CM 5 DeShannon, Jackie 40 Des’ree 24 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Destiny’s Child 33 Destroyer 51 Devo 13 Diamond, Neil 58 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Dido 46 Dietrich, Marlene 25 Dion, Celine 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Dion 4 Dismemberment Plan 58 Ditty Bops, The 59 Divine Comedy, The 32 Doc Pomus 14 Donnas, The 33 Donovan 9 Doobie Brothers, The 3 Doors, The 4 Dr. Dog 62 Dream Syndicate 53 Drifters, The 38 Droge, Pete 24 Dubstar 22 Duff, Hilary 52 Duran Duran 45 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Dury, Ian 30 Dylan, Bob 58 Eagles, The 46 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Earlimart 54

Earlier sketch in CM 12 eels 57 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Elastica 29 Electric Light Orchestra 7 Elfman, Danny 9 Elliot, Cass 5 Also see Mamas and the Papas Ellis-Bextor, Sophie 62 Emmich, Val 66 Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 En Vogue 10 Estefan, Gloria 63 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Eurythmics 31 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Evan and Jaron 38 Everly Brothers, The 2 Everything But The Girl 40 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Exposé 4 Fabian, Lara 34 Fabian 5 Faith, Percy 43 Faithless 37 Falkner, Jason 57 Farnham, John 32 Fatboy Slim 22 Feliciano, José 10 Ferguson, Maynard 7 Fernandez, Alejandro 43 Fernandez, Vicente 42 Ferry, Bryan 1 Fiedler, Arthur 6 Fifth Dimension 36 Fine Young Cannibals 22 Finn, Neil 34 Also see Crowded House Fisher, Eddie 12 Fitzgerald, Ella 1 Flack, Roberta 5 Flamingos, The 36 Fleetwood Mac 44 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Flogging Molly 66 Fogelberg, Dan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Folds, Ben 50 Also see Ben Folds Five Fordham, Julia 15 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Four Lads, The 41 Fourplay 66 Four Tops, The 11 Fox, Samantha 3 Frampton, Peter 62 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Humble Pie

Cumulative Subject Index • 233

French Kicks 60 Frey, Glenn 3 Also see Eagles, The Frightened Rabbit 66 Full Force 36 Furtado, Nelly 47 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Gainsbourg, Serge 41 Garbage 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Garfunkel, Art 4 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Gary, John 65 Gaye, Marvin 4 Gayle, Crystal 1 Gaynor, Gloria 36 Geldof, Bob 9 Genesis 4 George, Inara 65 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Gibson, Deborah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Gift, Roland 3 Gil, Gilberto 61 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Gilberto, Astrud 44 Gilmore, Thea 48 Gin Blossoms 18 Ginsberg, Allen 26 Go-Go’s, The 24 Goldfrapp 59 Gong 24 Goodman, Benny 4 Goodrem, Delta 65 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Gore, Lesley 35 Gorillaz 42 Grant, Amy 49 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Grant, Gogi 28 Grass Roots, The 62 Gray, David 30 Gray, Macy 32 Grebenshikov, Boris 3 Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Groove Armada 39 Guthrie, Arlo 50 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Gym Class Heroes 62 Haack, Bruce 37 Hall & Oates 47 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hamasaki, Ayumi 45 Hammer, M.C. 5 Hammond, Albert 65 Hammond, Albert, Jr. 66 Also see Strokes, The

Hardy, Françoise 43 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie Hawkins, Sophie B. 21 Haymes, Dick 36 Haza, Ofra 29 Headley, Heather 37 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Henderson, Skitch 58 Henley, Don 3 Also see Eagles, The Herman’s Hermits 5 Hewitt, Jennifer Love 41 Hill, Lauryn 25 Also see Fugees, The Hinder 65 His Name Is Alive 43 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Holland-Dozier-Holland 5 Hollies, The 39 Hootie and the Blowfish 18 Horn, Trevor 33 Horne, Lena 53 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Hornsby, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Houston, Cissy 26 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Houston, Whitney 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hudgens, Vanessa 65 Human League, The 17 Humperdinck, Engelbert 19 Hutchinson, Eric 66 Ian, Janis 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Idlewild 30 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Iglesias, Enrique 27 Iglesias, Julio 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Il Divo 61 Imbruglia, Natalie 66 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Immaculate Machine 62 Impressions, The 36 Incubus 23 Indigo Girls 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Ingram, James 11

Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Isley Brothers, The 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Earth, Wind and Fire 62 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Francis, Connie 10

Hanson 20

Frankie Goes To Hollywood 31

Harcourt, Ed 54

Easton, Sheena 2

Franklin, Aretha 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Hardiman, Ronan 35

Eder, Linda 30 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57

Fray, The 66

Harding, John 58 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Ink Spots, The 23 INXS 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Jackson, Janet 64 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16

234 • Cumulative Subject Index

Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The Jacksons, The 7 Jagged Edge 36 James, Harry 11 James, Joni 30 James, Rick 55 Earlier sketch in CM 2 James 12 Jan & Dean 32 Jarreau, Al 62 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jayhawks, The 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Jazz Butcher, The 30 Jefferson Airplane 5 Jellyfish 54 Jem 65 Jesus Jones 23 Jewel 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Jo, Sumi 37 Jodeci 13 Joe 33 Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Johansen, David 7 Johansen, Kevin 48 John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Johnston, Freedy 20 JoJo 61 Jolson, Al 10 Jones, Howard 26 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Rickie Lee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jones, Tom 11 Joplin, Janis 3 Jordanaires, The 44 Joy Electric 26 Kaas, Patricia 41 Katrina and the Waves 48 Kaye, Carol 22 KC and the Sunshine Band 46 K-Doe, Ernie 36 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Kelis 48

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Lightfoot, Gordon 3 Lightning Seeds 21 Lisa Lisa 23 Little Eva 48 Loeb, Lisa 23 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Logan, Jack 27 Loggins, Kenny 60 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Lohan, Lindsay 60 London, Julie 32 Lopez, Jennifer 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Lord, Mary Lou 54 Loud Family, The 31 Love as Laughter 65 Lovett, Lyle 63 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Luis Miguel 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Lulu 32 Luna 56 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Lush 13 Lynne, Jeff 5 Maal, Baaba 37 MacColl, Kirsty 51 Earlier sketch in CM 12 MacNeil, Rita 29 Madness 27 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Magnetic Fields, The 28 Mamas and the Papas 21 Mancini, Henry 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Manhattan Transfer, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Manilow, Barry 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mann, Barry 30 Marina, Anya 66 Marley, Bob 3 Marley, Ziggy 47 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Maroon 5 54 Marsalis, Branford 10 Marshall, Amanda 27 Martin, Dean 1 Martin, George 6 Martin, Mary 27 Martin, Ricky 26 Martinez, Angie 43

Earlier sketch in CM 46 Mazzy Star 17 McCain, Edwin 35 McCartney, Jesse 60 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 McCoo, Marilyn 62 McDonald, Audra 36 McFerrin, Bobby 3 McGuire Sisters, The 27 McIntyre, Joey 34 Also see New Kids on the Block McKay, Nellie 61 McLachlan, Sarah 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McLean, Don 7 McLennan, Grant 21 Medley, Bill 3 Melanie 12 Melcher, Terry 53 Mendes, Sergio 65 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Merchant, Natalie 25 Mercury Rev 28 Merman, Ethel 27 Michael, George 49 Midler, Bette 50 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Mighty Mighty Bosstones 20 Mike & the Mechanics 17 Miller, Mitch 11 Miller, Roger 4 Milli Vanilli 4 Mills Brothers, The 14 Minekawa, Takako 53 Minnelli, Liza 19 Minogue, Kylie 32 Minton, Phil 29 Minus 5, The 51 Missing Persons 39 Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mojave 3 26 Moloko 37 Momus 47 Money, Eddie 16 Monheit, Jane 33 Monica 60 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Monkees, The 7 Montand, Yves 12 Monte, Marisa 38 Moore, Chante 21 Moore, Mandy 35 Moorer, Allison 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40

Kelley, Josh 64

Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kid606 36 King, Ben E. 7 King, Carole 6 Kingsmen, The 34 Kings of Convenience 51 Kiss 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kitt, Eartha 9 Knife, The 61 Knight, Gladys 50 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Knowles, Beyoncé 60 Komeda 52 Kool & the Gang 13 Kraftwerk 9 Krebs, Pete 43 Kreviazuk, Chantal 33 Kristofferson, Kris 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Kula Shaker 47 Kweller, Ben 57 LaBelle, Patti 45 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Ladytron 65 Laika 47 La India Canela 66 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Lambert, Hendricks and Ross 28 Lamond, Mary Jane 33 Lane, Fred 28 lang, kd 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lauper, Cyndi 61 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Lavelle, Caroline 35 Lavigne, Avril 50 Lee, Amos 65 Lee, Ben 56 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Lee, Brenda 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lee, CoCo 36 Leftfield 29 Leiber and Stoller 14 Lemper, Ute 14 Len 32 Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lennon, Julian 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lennon, Sean 49 Lennox, Annie 48 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Also see Eurythmics Lerche, Sondre 50

Kelly, Paul 40

Le Tigre 55

Morgan, Jane 30

Khaled 33

Lettermen, The 30

Marx, Richard 21 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Khan, Chaka 63 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Lewis, Huey 9

Mates of State 66

Lewis, Jenny 66 Also see Rilo Kiley

Mathis, Johnny 2

Morissette, Alanis 64 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Mathosa, Lebo 61

Morrison, Jim 3

Kidjo, Angelique 39

Liberace 9

Mayer, John 66

Morrison, Van 24

Morcheeba 25

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morrissey 50 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Smiths, The Mounir, Mohamed 48 Mountain Goats, The 51 Mouskouri, Nana 12 Moyet, Alison 65 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Mraz, Jason 52 Mr. Bungle 58 M2M 42 Mudhoney 65 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Mui, Anita 48 Mullen, Nicole C. 44 Murray, Anne 4 My Morning Jacket 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Mya 32 My Bloody Valentine 29 Myles, Alannah 4 Nada Surf 57 Na Leo 38 Naté, Ultra 34 N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Negativland 30 Nelly 40 N.E.R.D. 65 Neville, Aaron 5 Also see Neville Brothers, The Neville Brothers, The 4 New Kids on the Block 3 Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 New Pornographers, The 57 New Radicals, The 57 Newton, Juice 37 Newton, Wayne 2 Newton-John, Olivia 61 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Nicks, Stevie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Fleetwood Mac Nico 47 Also see Velvet Underground, The Nilsson, Harry 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 98 Degrees 32 Nino Tempo & April Stevens 47

Ocasek, Ric 5 Also see Cars, The Ocean, Billy 4 O’Connell, Maura 60 O’Connor, Sinead 63 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Odds 20 Offspring 62 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Of Montreal 56 O’Hara, Mary 47 Oingo Boingo 39 Oldfield, Mike 18 Old 97’s 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Orbit, William 30 Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark 21 Orlando, Tony 15 Orton, Beth 26 Osborne, Joan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Osbourne, Kelly 55 Osmond, Donny 3 O-Town 44 Out of the Grey 37 Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The Page, Patti 11 Papas Fritas 29 Paradis, Vanessa 50 Paramore 65 Paris Combo 54 Parks, Van Dyke 17 Parsons, Alan 12 Parton, Dolly 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Pastels, The 45 Paul, Prince 29 Paul, Sean 42 Pausini, Laura 42 Pedro the Lion 57 Peebles, Ann 30 Peel, John 43 Pendergrass, Teddy 3 Peniston, CeCe 15 Penn, Michael 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Pernice Brothers 33 Perry, Linda 38

Nitty Gritty Dirt Band 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Peter, Paul & Mary 4

Cumulative Subject Index • 235

Pitney, Gene 39 Pizzicato Five 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Plain White T’s 65 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Plaskett, Joel 57 Plus One 43 Pointer Sisters, The 9 Polyphonic Spree, The 51 Porter, Cole 10 Portishead 65 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Portuondo, Omara 42 Powter, Daniel 65 Prefab Sprout 15 Presley, Elvis 1 Prewitt, Archer 57 Priest, Maxi 20 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Proclaimers, The 13 Prodigy 22 Propellerheads 26 Pulp 51 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Pussycat Dolls, The 66 Q-Tip 66 Also see Tribe Called Quest, A Queen 6 Quickspace 30 Rabbitt, Eddie 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Ramazzotti, Eros 52 Rankin, Kenny 66 Rea, Chris 12 Redding, Otis 5 Reddy, Helen 9 Reed, Dean 38 Reeves, Martha 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Martha and the Vandellas R.E.M. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rentals, The 50 Republica 20 Rhodes, Emitt 55 Rice, Damien 50

Nixon, Mojo 32

Pet Shop Boys 57 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Noa 65

Phillips, Sam 12

No Doubt 42 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Norman, Bebo 58

Phish 65 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Rihanna 59

Rockapella 34 Rogers, Kenny 56 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rolling Stones 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Ronstadt, Linda 2 Roots, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Rosario 43 Ross, Diana 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Supremes, The Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen Roxette 23 Royal Crown Revue 33 Rubio, Paulina 39 Rucker, Darius 66 Also see Hootie and the Blowfish Ruffin, David 6 RuPaul 20 Sade 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Safina, Alessandro 42 Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Sahir, Kadim al- 44 Sainte-Marie, Buffy 11 Saint Etienne 28 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Santamaria, Mongo 28 Sanz, Alejandro 35 Savage Garden 32 Scissor Sisters 61 S Club 7 37 Sea and Cake, The 48 Seal 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Seals, Dan 9 Seals & Crofts 3 Searchers, The 41 Secada, Jon 13 Secret Machines 66 Sedaka, Neil 4 Selena 16 Setzer, Brian 32 Sexsmith, Ron 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Shaffer, Paul 13 Shaggs, The 46 Shaggy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Shakira 59 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Shamen, The 23 Shangri-Las, The 35 Shearing, George 28 SHeDAISY 36

’N Sync 25

Phoenix 59

Riley, Teddy 14

Sheep on Drugs 27

Numan, Gary 47

Piaf, Edith 8

Rilo Kiley 52

Sheik, Duncan 32

Nyro, Laura 12

Pickler, Kellie 66

Rise Against 66

Oak Ridge Boys, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Pidgeon, Rebecca 61

Robbins, Marty 9

Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Pink 62 Earlier sketch in CM 37

Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Shins, The 52

Richard, Cliff 14 Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Riders in the Sky 33

Shepard, Vonda 35

236 • Cumulative Subject Index

Shirelles, The 11 Shonen Knife 13 Shore, Dinah 36 Siberry, Jane 6 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Simpson, Ashlee 58 Simpson, Jessica 52 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Sinatra, Frank 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sinatra, Nancy 52 Sisqó 34 Also see Dru Hill Sissel 42 Sixpence None the Richer 26 Slean, Sarah 65 Smith, Elliott 28 Smith, Keely 29 Smiths, The 3 Sneaker Pimps 60 Snow, Pheobe 4 Sobule, Jill 20 Soft Cell 43 Solange 66 Son by Four 35 Songs: Ohia 49 Sonny and Cher 24 Soraya 46 Soul Coughing 21 Souther, J.D. 66 Spaniels, The 43 Sparks 18 Spears, Britney 66 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Spector, Ronnie 28 Also see Ronettes, The Spedding, Chris 61 Spektor, Regina 60 Spice Girls 22 Springfield, Dusty 20 Springfield, Rick 9 Spring Heel Jack 30 Springsteen, Bruce 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Squeeze 5 Stafford, Jo 24 Stansfield, Lisa 9 Starr, Edwin 50 Starr, Kay 27 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Steely Dan 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stefani, Gwen 63

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stevens, Sufjan 57 Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The Stockwood, Kim 26 Story, The 13 Straw, Syd 18 Also see Golden Palominos Streisand, Barbra 35 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Studdard, Ruben 61 Sturr, Jimmy 33 Suede 20 Sum 41 38 Summer, Donna 12 Sundays, The 20 Sunset Valley 31 Superchunk 29 Super Furry Animals 28 Supremes, The 6 Surfaris, The 23 Sweat, Keith 13 Sweet, Matthew 9 Swell 31 Swift, Taylor 65 Swing Out Sister 40 Switches 64 SWV 14 Sylvian, David 27 Taking Back Sunday 58 Talking Heads 1 Talk Talk 19 Tañón, Olga 39 Taylor, Ben 60 Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Taylor, Steve 26 Tears for Fears 52 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Teenage Fanclub 13 Tegan and Sara 58 Temptations, The 3 10,000 Maniacs 3 Texas 27 Thalia 38 The The 15 They Might Be Giants 7 Thicke, Robin 66

Tikaram, Tanita 9 Timberlake, Justin 60 Timbuk 3 3 TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Toad the Wet Sprocket 13 Tokio Hotel 65 Tommy James and the Shondells 35 Tony! Toni! Toné! 12 Torme, Mel 4 Torres, Nestor 36 Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The Tozzi, Umberto 64 Traore, Rokia 53 Travis 66 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Trevi, Gloria 29 Tse, Nicholas 44 Tumes, Michelle 37 Tunstall, KT 61 Turner, Tina 54 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina Turtles, The 29 TV on the Radio 66 Twain, Shania 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Twisted Sister 66 Ultravox 38 Uncle Kracker 42 Usher 50 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Utada, Hikaru 62 Vale, Jerry 30 Valli, Frankie 10 Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Vanessa-Mae 26 Vannelli, Gino 52 Vega, Suzanne 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Velasquez, Jaci 32 Velocity Girl 23 Veloso, Caetano 28 Velvet Crush 28 Veronicas, The 63 Verve, The 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Vinton, Bobby 12 Vissi, Anna 41 Vitamin C 33 Wainwright, Martha 65

Waters, Crystal 15 Watley, Jody 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Weather Girls, The 52 Webb, Jimmy 12 Weepies, The 66 Weezer 52 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Weller, Paul 65 Wemba, Papa 40 Westlife 33 Whiting, Margaret 28 Whittaker, Roger 41 Who, The 3 Wilco 47 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Williams, Andy 2 Williams, Dar 21 Williams, Deniece 1 Williams, Joe 11 Williams, Lucinda 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Paul 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Williams, Robbie 60 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Williams, Vanessa 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Victoria 17 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Wilson, Jackie 3 Wilson, Nancy 28 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Wilson Phillips 5 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Womack, Bobby 5 Womack, Lee Ann 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wright, Rick 65 Also see Pink Floyd Yamagata, Rachael 66 Yankovic, “Weird Al” 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Young, Tata 61 Young M.C. 4

Wainwright, Rufus 29

Producers

Walker, Natalie 65

Ackerman, Will 3

Thievery Corporation 66 Earlier sketch in CM 31

Walsh, Joe 5

Adler, Lou 58

Ward, M. 66

Afanasieff, Walter 26

Thomas, Irma 62 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Warnes, Jennifer 3

Albini, Steve 15 Also see Shellac

Stereolab 47 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Thompson Twins 43

Warwick, Dionne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Three Dog Night 5

Washington, Dinah 5

Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Stereo MC’s 34

Tiffany 4

Was (Not Was) 6

Austin, Dallas 16

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Avant 54 Axelrod, David 34 Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Banner, David 58 Bass, Ralph 24 Beldon, Bob 62 Benitez, Jellybean 15 Brann, Chris 63 Brion, Jon 52 Bristol, Johnny 62 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Pete 62 Brown, Tony 14 Browne, Jackson 3 Buckingham, Lindsey 66 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Burnett, T Bone 59 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Cale, John 54 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Velvet Underground, The Child, Desmond 30 Clark, Dick 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Clarke, Stanley 3 Clement, Jack 57 Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Cohen, Lyor 29 Collins, Phil 2 Also see Genesis Combs, Sean “Puffy” 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Connors, Norman 30 Cornelius 44 Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cowell, Simon 52 Cropper, Steve 12 Crowell, Rodney 8 Dalton, Nic 31 Danger Mouse 59 Dave, Edmunds 28 Davies, Gail 38 Dickinson, Jim 59 Dimitri from Paris 43 Dixon, Willie 10 DJ Krush 60 Dolby, Thomas 10 Dr. Dre 50 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Also see N.W.A. Dupri, Jermaine 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Dust Brothers 32 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Earlier sketch in CM 28 Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Eno, Brian 49 Ertegun, Ahmet 10 Ertegun, Nesuhi 24 Estelle 66 Fogelberg, Dan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Franti, Michael 66 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Spearhead Fripp, Robert 9 Froom, Mitchell 15 Gabler, Milton 25 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gabriel, Juan 31 Garnier, Laurent 29 Gordy, Emory, Jr. 17 Grae, Jean 52 Grandmaster Flash 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Granz, Norman 37 Gray, F. Gary 19 Grusin, Dave 7 Hammond, Albert 65 Hammond, Albert, Jr. 66 Also see Strokes, The Handsome Boy Modeling School 53 Hardcastle, Paul 20 Horn, Trevor 33 Iglauer, Bruce 37 Iovine, Jimmy 46 Jackson, Millie 14 Jackson, Randy 64 Jazze Pha 58 Jerkins, Rodney 38 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Jones, Booker T. 8 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s Jones, Donell 43 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jordan, Montell 26 Kelly, R. 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 King Tubby 51 Kool Herc 45 Kool Keith 54 Krasnow, Bob 15 Lange, Mutt 47 Lanois, Daniel 8 Lasar, Mars 39 Laswell, Bill 14 Legend, Johnny 58 Leiber and Stoller 14 Lil’ Jon 52 Lillywhite, Steve 13 Lloyd, Bill 62 Lynne, Jeff 5

Cumulative Subject Index • 237

Master P 22 Mayfield, Curtis 8 McKnight, Brian 22 McLaren, Malcolm 23 Meek, Joe 46 Melcher, Terry 53 MF Doom 54 Miller, Marcus 64 Earlier sketch in CM 38 Miller, Mitch 11 Moby 64 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Moroder, Giorgio 63 Most, Mickie 29 Neptunes, The 45 Nevil, Robbie 61 Oakenfold, Paul 32 Orbit, William 30 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Osby, Greg 57 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Pablo, Augustus 37 Parks, Van Dyke 17 Parsons, Alan 12 Paul, Prince 29 Post, Mike 21 Prefuse 73 56 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Q-Tip 66 Also see Tribe Called Quest, A Queen Latifah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Reid, Antonio 44 Riley, Teddy 14 RJD2 54 Robertson, Robbie 2 Rock, Pete 64 Rodgers, Nile 8 Rose, Fred 58 Rosnes, Renée 44 Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rundgren, Todd 11 RZA 50 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Saadiq, Raphael 52 Salem, Kevin 32 Sawhney, Nitin 46 Scruggs, Randy 28 Sermon, Erick 44 Also see EPMD Sherwood, Adrian 31 Shocklee, Hank 15 Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Singh, Talvin 44

Sweat, Keith 13 Swizz Beatz 56 Tall Paul 36 Talmy, Shel 52 Thicke, Robin 66 Timbaland 42 Too $hort 16 Toussaint, Allen 11 Tricky 18 Tyrell, Steve 52 Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Van Dyk, Paul 35 Van Helden, Armand 32 Van Zandt, Steven 29 Vasquez, Junior 16 Vig, Butch 17 Visconti, Tony 53 Wachtel, Waddy 26 Walden, Narada Michael 14 Was, Don 21 Also see Was (Not Was) Watt, Mike 22 Weiser, Ronny 58 West, Kanye 58 Wexler, Jerry 15 Whelan, Bill 20 Whitfield, Norman 66 Wildhorn, Frank 31 Williams, J. 63 Willner, Hal 10 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Winbush, Angela 15 Wolf, Peter 31 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Woods-Wright, Tomica 22

Size, Roni 31

Akon 61

Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Arrested Development 14 Austin, Dallas 16 Bambaataa, Afrika 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Eicher, Manfred 38

Madlib 48

Elliott, Missy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 30

Mandel, Johnny 28

Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Marley, Rita 10

Storch, Scott 61

Eminem 53

Martin, George 6

Sure!, Al B. 13

Promoters Clark, Dick 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cohen, Lyor 29 Cowell, Simon 52 Geldof, Bob 9 Graham, Bill 10 Hay, George D. 3 Meek, Joe 46 Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Walden, Phil 59

Ragtime Johnson, James P. 16 Joplin, Scott 10

Rap

Atmosphere 63 AZ 44

238 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Mase 27 Masta Ace 40 Master P 22 MC Breed 17 MC Eiht 27 MC Lyte 8 MC 900 Ft. Jesus 16 MC Serch 10 Method Man 31 MF Doom 54 M.I.A. 63 Monch, Pharoahe 29 M.O.P. 34 Mos Def 41 Mystikal 29 Nappy Roots 46 Nas 49 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Nate Dogg 51 Naughty by Nature 11 Nelly 40 Notorious B.I.G. 20 N.W.A. 6 Ol’ Dirty Bastard 42 Also see Wu-Tang Clan OutKast 33 Panjabi MC 46 Peaches 46 People Under The Stairs 39 Pharcyde, The 17 P.M. Dawn 11 Princess Superstar 39 Project Pat 65 Public Enemy 4 Q-Tip 66 Also see Tribe Called Quest, A Queen Latifah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Rage Against the Machine 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Rakim 46 Also see Eric B. and Rakim Redman 35 Riley, Teddy 14 Rock, Pete 64 Roots, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Ross, Rick 61 Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Run DMC 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 RZA 50 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Salt-N-Pepa 6 Santana, Juelz 58 Scarface 41 Also see Geto Boys, The Scott-Heron, Gil 13

Shyne 54 Sigel, Beanie 55 Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Sir Mix-A-Lot 14 Slick Rick 27 Slum Village 51 Smith, Will 62 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Also see DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince Snoop Dogg 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Snow 23 Spearhead 19 Special Ed 16 Streets, The 50 Sugarhill Gang 60 Sure!, Al B. 13 Swizz Beatz 56 Three 6 Mafia 59 T.I. 56 Timbaland 42 TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 T-Love 49 Tone-Loc 3 Too $hort 16 Tribe Called Quest, A 8 Trick Daddy 28 Tricky 18 Trina 41 Tweet 55 Twista 54 2Pac 17 Also see Digital Underground Uncle Kracker 42 Usher 23 US3 18 Vanilla Ice 6 Warren G 33 West, Kanye 58 Williams, Andre 60 Williams, “Slim” and “Baby” 31 Wu-Tang Clan 19 Xzibit 31

Sermon, Erick 44 Also see EPMD

Brown, Alison 44

Eric B. and Rakim 9

Fabolous 47 Fat Boys, The 47 Fat Joe 42 50 Cent 55 Franti, Michael 66 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Spearhead Fugees, The 17 Gang Starr 13 Geto Boys, The 11 Ghostface Killah 33 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Gnarls Barkley 64 Goodie Mob 24 Grae, Jean 52 Grandmaster Flash 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Gravediggaz 23 Hammer, M.C. 5 Handsome Boy Modeling School 53 Heavy D 10 House of Pain 14 Ice Cube 10 Also see N.W.A. Ice-T 7 Insane Clown Posse 22 Jackson, Millie 14 Jadakiss 51 Ja Rule 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Jay-Z 47 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Jazze Pha 58 Jeru the Damaja 33 Jurassic 5 42 Juvenile 61 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Kane, Big Daddy 7 Kardinal Offishall 61 Kid ’n Play 5 Kid Rock 54 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Knight, Suge 15 Kool Herc 45 Kool Keith 54 Kool Moe Dee 9 Krayzie Bone 63 Kris Kross 11 KRS-One 8 Kurupt 35 Kweli, Talib 43 Lady Sovereign 61 Last Poets 21 Lil’ Jon 52 Lil’ Kim 30 Lil Scrappy 62 Lil’ Wayne 59 LL Cool J 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Love, G. 24

ESG 45

Ludacris 38

7L & Esoteric 63

Busby, Jheryl 9

Estelle 66

Lupe Fiasco 64

Caparro, Jim 62

Evans, Faith 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25

Madlib 48

Shaggy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Mario 55

Shanté 10

Cohen, Lyor 29

Eve 34

Martinez, Angie 43

Shocklee, Hank 15

Combs, Sean “Puffy” 61

Banks, Lloyd 60 Banner, David 58 Basehead 11 Beastie Boys 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Big Punisher 43 Big Tymers, The 42 Biz Markie 10 Blackalicious 39 Black Eyed Peas 45 Black Sheep 15 Bleek, Memphis 56 Bone Thugs-N-Harmony 18 Bow Wow 45 Brother Ali 63 Bubba Sparxxx 48 Buck 65 56 Busta Rhymes 62 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Campbell, Luther 10 Cam’ron 39 Cappadonna 43 Cassidy 57 Cee-Lo 49 Cherry, Neneh 4 Chingy 53 Combs, Sean “Puffy” 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Common 56 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Coolio 19 Cypress Hill 11 Da Brat 30 Das EFX 14 Dead Prez 54 De La Soul 37 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Del the Funky Homosapien 30 Digable Planets 15 Digital Underground 9 Dizzee Rascal 53 DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince 5 DMX 25 Dr. Dre 50 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Also see N.W.A. D12 57 Dupri, Jermaine 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Eazy-E 13 Also see N.W.A. E-40 46 Elliott, Missy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Eminem 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 EPMD 10

Ying Yang Twins 57 Young Jeezy 61 Young M.C. 4 Yo Yo 9

Record Company Executives Abner, Ewart 41 Ackerman, Will 3 Adler, Lou 58 Allison, Joe 42 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Blackwell, Chris 26 Brown, Tony 14

Chess, Leonard 24

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cumulative Subject Index • 239

Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Cowell, Simon 52 Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Davis, Clive 14 Dr. Dre 50 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Also see N.W.A. Dupri, Jermaine 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Eicher, Manfred 38 Ertegun, Ahmet 10 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Geffen, David 8 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Granz, Norman 37 Hammond, John 6 Harley, Bill 7 Harrell, Andre 16 Iglauer, Bruce 37 Iovine, Jimmy 46 Jay-Z 47 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Knight, Suge 15 Koppelman, Charles 14 Krasnow, Bob 15 LaSalle, Denise 43 Lil’ Wayne 59 LiPuma, Tommy 18 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Marley, Rita 10 Martin, George 6 Master P 22 Mayfield, Curtis 8 Meek, Joe 46 Mercer, Johnny 13 Miller, Mitch 11 Mingus, Charles 9 Mottola, Tommy 36 Near, Holly 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ostin, Mo 17 Penner, Fred 10 Perry, Ted 53 Phillips, Sam 5 Reid, Antonio 44 Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails Rhone, Sylvia 13 Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Size, Roni 31 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Talmy, Shel 52 Teller, Al 15 Too $hort 16 Toomey, Jenny 43 Also see Tsunami Walden, Phil 59 Waronker, Simon 57 Weiser, Ronny 58 Wexler, Jerry 15 Williams, J. 63 Williams, “Slim” and “Baby” 31 Woods-Wright, Tomica 22

Marley, Rita 10

Benét, Eric 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Robinson, Sylvia 55 Rose, Fred 58

Marley, Ziggy 47 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Blige, Mary J. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Blues Brothers, The 3 Bofill, Angela 57 Bolton, Michael 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Booker, James 62 Booker T. & the M.G.’s 24 Box Tops, The 44 Boyz II Men 15 Brandy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Braxton, Toni 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Brooks, Hadda 43 Brown, Chris 64 Brown, James 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brownstone 21 Bryson, Peabo 11 B2K 42 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Busby, Jheryl 9 Cameo 60 Campbell, Little Milton 58 Campbell, Tevin 13 Cantrell, Blu 45 Carey, Mariah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Carr, James 23 Case 38 C + C Music Factory 16 Chandler, Gene 46 Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ciara 61 Clark-Sheard, Karen 48 Clovers, The 42 Club Nouveau 62 Cole, Keyshia 64 Cole, Natalie 61 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Color Me Badd 23 Commodores, The 23 Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Costa, Nikka 56 Crawford, Randy 25 Cropper, Steve 12 Curtis, King 17 D’Angelo 20 D’Arby, Terence Trent 3 David, Craig 42

Roumain, Daniel 54

Matisyahu 59

Bishop, Elvin 41

Davis, Billy 52

Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Minott, Sugar 31

Black, Jully 64

DeBarge, Chico 53

Mowatt, Judy 46

Blackstreet 23

DeBarge, El 14

Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Mystic Revealers 16

Bland, Bobby “Blue” 12

Del Vikings, The 35

Pablo, Augustus 37

Blessid Union of Souls 20

Des’ree 24

Reggae Akon 61 Aswad 34 Bad Brains 16 Banton, Buju 35 Bedouin Soundclash 58 Beenie Man 33 Big Mountain 23 Big Youth 43 Black Uhuru 41 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Blondy, Alpha 40 Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Dennis 29 Burning Spear 15 Calderón, Tego 53 Capleton 40 Christafari 51 Cliff, Jimmy 8 Coco Tea 36 Congos, The 58 Dairo, I.K. 48 Dekker, Desmond 57 Delgado, Junior 46 Dillon, Phyllis 53 Dodd, Clement Coxsone 50 Dub Trio 63 Dube, Lucky 17 Elephant Man 48 Griffiths, Marcia 45 Inner Circle 15 Israel Vibration 21 Kelly, Junior 49 King Tubby 51

Paragons, The 53 Paul, Sean 42 Perry, Lee “Scratch” 52 Quaye, Finley 30 Ranks, Shabba 38 Sanchez 38 Shaggy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Sherwood, Adrian 31 Silk, Garnett 39 Sizzla 36 Skatalites, The 18 Sly and Robbie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Steel Pulse 14 Third World 13 Toots and the Maytals 36 Tosh, Peter 3 UB40 49 Earlier sketch in CM 4 U-Roy 37 Wailer, Bunny 11 Wailing Souls 32 Wonder, Wayne 43 Yellowman 42

Rhythm and Blues/Soul Aaliyah 47 Earlier sketch in CM Abdul, Paula 3 Adams, Johnny 33 Adams, Oleta 17 Aguilera, Christina 61 Earlier sketch in CM Akon 61 Alexander, Arthur 14 All-4-One 17 Amerie 56 Ashanti 65 Earlier sketch in CM Association, The 59 Austin, Dallas 16 Avant 54 Badu, Erykah 64 Earlier sketch in CM Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM

21

30

45

26 9

Baker, LaVern 25 Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Kitchener, Lord 29

Ballard, Hank 17

Lady Saw 41

Baltimore, Charli 54

Levy, Barrington 45

Basehead 11

Livingstone, Dandy 52

Bass, Fontella 49

Long Beach Dub All Stars 58

Becker, Margaret 31

Luciano 41

Belle, Regina 45 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Marley, Bob 3 Marley, Damian 39

240 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Earlier sketch in CM 15 Destiny’s Child 33 DeVaughn, Raheem 64 Dibango, Manu 60 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Diddley, Bo 3 Domino, Fats 2 Downing, Will 39 Dr. John 63 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Dru Hill 25 Dub Trio 63 Dwele 65 Earth, Wind and Fire 62 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Eartha 44 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12 En Vogue 10 Estelle 66 Evans, Faith 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Everett, Betty 47 Evora, Cesaria 19 Fabulous Thunderbirds, The 1 Floetry 49 Fourplay 66 Four Tops, The 11 Fox, Samantha 3 Foxx, Jamie 62 Frankie J. 58 Franklin, Aretha 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Franti, Michael 66 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Spearhead Funk Brothers 42 Gaye, Marvin 4 Gill, Johnny 20 Ginuwine 34 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Gray, Macy 32 Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Green, Vivian 57 Guthrie, Gwen 26 Hall & Oates 47 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hamilton, Anthony 58 Hathaway, Donny 42 Hathaway, Lalah 65 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hayes, Isaac 10 Hill, Lauryn 25 Also see Fugees, The Holland-Dozier-Holland 5 Holloway, Brenda 45 Houston, Whitney 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Howard, Miki 38

India.Arie 66 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Ingram, James 11 Isley Brothers, The 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Jackson, Freddie 3 Jackson, Janet 64 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The Jackson, Millie 14 Jacksons, The 7 Jagged Edge 36 Jaheim 42 James, Etta 54 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Jodeci 13 Joe 33 John, Willie 25 Johnson, Donnie 48 Johnson, Ella 50 Johnson, Syleena 49 Jon B. 41 Jones, Booker T. 8 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s Jones, Donell 43 Jones, Grace 9 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch CM 2 Jordan, Louis 11 Jordan, Montell 26 K-Ci & JoJo 34 K-Doe, Ernie 36 Kelis 48 Kelly, R. 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Keys, Alicia 46 Khan, Chaka 63 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 King, B. B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Ben E. 7 King, Earl 44 Knight, Gladys 50 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Knowles, Beyoncé 60 Kool & the Gang 13 Kool & the Gang 58 LaBelle, Patti 45 Earlier sketch in CM 8 LaMontagne, Ray 61 Lance, Major 58 LaSalle, Denise 43 Lattimore, Kenny 51 LaVette, Bettye 58

Howland, Don 24

Legend, Johnny 58

Hunter, James 65 Hurt, Mississippi John 24

Little Eva 48 Lloyd 65 Los Lobos 2 Love, G. 24 Lumidee 62 Lyfe 58 Mack, Lonnie 37 Mario 55 Martha and the Vandellas 25 Maxwell 22 Mayfield, Curtis 8 McDonald, Michael 59 McKnight, Brian 22 McPhatter, Clyde 25 Also see Drifters, The Medley, Bill 3 Meters, The 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Milian, Christina 53 Milli Vanilli 4 Mills, Stephanie 21 Mint Condition 29 Mo’, Keb’ 21 Monica 60 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Monifah 24 Moonglows, The 33 Moore, Chante 21 Moore, Melba 7 Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Muhammad, Idris 40 Musiq 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Mya 32 Ndegéocello, Me’Shell 18 Nesby, Ann 57 Neville, Aaron 5 Also see Neville Brothers, The Neville Brothers, The 4 Ne-Yo 62 Ocean, Billy 4 Ohio Players 16 O’Jays, The 13 Omarion 62 112 49 Orioles, The 35 Otis, Johnny 16 Pendergrass, Teddy 3 Peniston, CeCe 15 Perry, Phil 24 Phillips, Esther 46 Pickett, Wilson 10 Pink 62 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Platters, The 25 Pointer Sisters, The 9 Price, Kelly 34 Price, Lloyd 25

Reese, Della 13 Reeves, Martha 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Martha and the Vandellas Reid, Antonio 44 Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Rihanna 59 Riley, Teddy 14 Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Robinson, Sylvia 55 Ronettes, The 45 Ross, Diana 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Supremes, The Rowland, Kelly 64 Rucker, Darius 66 Also see Hootie and the Blowfish Ruff Endz 41 Ruffin, David 6 Also see Temptations, The Rushen, Patrice 49 Saadiq, Raphael 52 Sam and Dave 8 Scaggs, Boz 12 Scott, Jill 63 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Seal 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Secada, Jon 13 Shai 23 Shanice 14 Sharpe, Ray 53 Shaw, Marlena 53 Shirelles, The 11 Shocklee, Hank 15 Silk 26 Sisqó 34 Also see Dru Hill Sister Sledge 37 Sledge, Percy 15 Sly & the Family Stone 24 Solange 66 Soul II Soul 17 Spinners, The 21 Stansfield, Lisa 9 Staples, Mavis 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Staples, Pops 11

Priest, Maxi 20

Stone, Joss 52 Stone, Sly 8 Also see Sly & the Family Stone

Legend, John 61

Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Les Nubians 45

Rainey, Ma 22

Studdard, Ruben 61

Hyman, Phyllis 49

Levert, Gerald 35

Rawls, Lou 60

Subdudes, The 18

Incognito 16

Lil’ Mo 44

Redding, Otis 5

Supremes, The 6

Staton, Candi 45 Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stone, Angie 37

Strehli, Angela 58

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cumulative Subject Index • 241

Belly 16

Big Head Todd and the Monsters 20 Big Star 36 Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings 26 Bishop, Jeb 28 Björk 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Sugarcubes, The Black, Frank 14 Also see Pixies, The Black Crowes, The 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Black Flag 22 Black 47 37 Black Keys, The 64 Blackman, Cindy 15 Black Rebel Motorcycle Club 58 Black Sabbath 9 Blasters, The 41 Blind Melon 21 Blink 182 27 Bloc Party 62 Blonde Redhead 50 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Blondie 27 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bloodhound Gang, The 31 Blue Aeroplanes, The 39 Blue Man Group 44 Blue October 61 Blue Oyster Cult 16 Blue Rodeo 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Blues Traveler 15 Blur 45 Earlier sketch in CM 17 BoDeans, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Bonham, Tracy 34 Bon Jovi 34 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band 30 Boredoms, The 28 Boss Hog 29 Boston 11 Bottle Rockets 42 Bowie, David 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bowling for Soup 54 Boys Night Out 63 Brad 21 Bragg, Billy 7 Brainiac 53

Benatar, Pat 8

Branch, Michelle 47

Ben Folds Five 20

Bread 40

Berlin 62

Breeders 53 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Sure!, Al B. 13 Sweat, Keith 13 SWV 14 Tamia 34 Tate, Howard 45 Teena Marie 49 Temptations, The 3 Terrell, Tammi 49 Thicke, Robin 66 Third World 13 Thomas, Irma 62 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Thornton, Big Mama 18 3LW 44 TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Tony! Toni! Toné! 12 Toussaint, Allen 11 Tower of Power 40 Troy, Doris 47 Truth Hurts 50 Turner, Ike and Tina 24 Turner, Ike 62 Turner, Tina 54 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina Tweet 55 Tyrese 34 Usher 50 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Walker, Junior 30 Was (Not Was) 6 Waters, Crystal 15 Watley, Jody 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Wells, Mary 51 Wexler, Jerry 15 White, Karyn 21 Whitfield, Norman 66 Williams, Andre 60 Williams, Deniece 1 Williams, Saul 57 Williams, Vanessa 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Wilson, Charlie 51 Wilson, Jackie 3 Wilson, Nancy 28 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Winans, Mario 50 Winans, The 12 Winbush, Angela 15 Winehouse, Amy 61 Withers, Bill 54 Womack, Bobby 5 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wright, Jaguar 57 Yuro, Timi 60 Zhane 22

Adam Again 61 Adam Ant 13 Adams, Bryan 61 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Adkins, Hasil 49 Aereogramme 61 Aerosmith 37 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Afghan Whigs 17 AFI 53 Afro Celt Sound System 46 Against Me! 63 Aguilar, Pepe 62 Alarm 2 Albini, Steve 15 Also see Shellac Alexander, Arthur 14 Alexisonfire 55 Alice in Chains 10 Alien Ant Farm 61 Alien Sex Fiend 23 Alkaline Trio 56 Earlier sketch in CM 34 All-American Rejects, The 59 Allen, Daevid 28 Also see Gong Also see Soft Machine Allen, Lily 66 Allman Brothers, The 6 Aloha 59 Alter Bridge 64 Alvin, Dave 17 Also see Blasters, The Also see X America 16 American Hi-Fi 44 American Music Club 64 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Amon Duul II 62 Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Anastasio, Trey 47 Also see Phish Andrew W.K. 46 Angels & Airwaves 64 Animals 22 Anthrax 41 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Apples in Stereo 30 April Wine 43 Aquabats 22 Arab Strap 33 Archers of Loaf 21 Arctic Monkeys 66 Arjona, Ricardo 43 Art of Noise 22 Ash 34

Aterciopelados 38 At The Drive-In 32 Audio Adrenaline 53 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Audioslave 56 Automatic, The 63 Autumn Defense, The 64 Average White Band 38 Ayers, Kevin 58 Aztec Camera 22 Babes in Toyland 16 Bachman Turner Overdrive 50 Bacilos 48 Bad Brains 16 Bad Company 22 Badfinger 23 Bad Religion 28 Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Ballard, Hank 17 Band, The 9 Bangs, Lester 44 Bardo Pond 28 Bareilles, Sara 64

Bettie Serveert 17

Brickell, Edie 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 3

Ashcroft, Richard 55

Bevis Frond 23

Bright Eyes 42

Asia 63

Brinsley Schwarz 40

Rock

Asian Dub Foundation 30

Biafra, Jello 18 Also see Dead Kennedys

AC/DC 4 Adam, Margie 39

Association, The 59

Big Audio Dynamite 18

Brom, Marti 46

Ataris, The 62

Big Country 49

Bronx, The 65

Barenaked Ladies 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Barlow, Lou 20 Also see Dinosaur Jr. Also see Folk Implosion, The Also see Sebadoh Barrett, Syd 37 Also see Pink Floyd Basehead 11 Basement Jaxx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Beach Boys, The 1 Beastie Boys 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Beat Farmers, The 23 Beatles, The 2 Beaver Brown Band, The 3 Beck, Jeff 4 Also see Yardbirds, The Beck 65 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Bedouin Soundclash 58 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Belle and Sebastian 28 Bell X1 64

Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Broken Social Scene 63

242 • Cumulative Subject Index

Brooks, Lonnie 54 Brooks, Meredith 30 Brötzmann, Caspar 27 Brown, Ian 66 Also see Stone Roses, The Browne, Jackson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Bruni, Carla 64 Buckcherry 65 Buckethead 34 Buckingham, Lindsey 66 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Buckley, Tim 14 Buffalo Springfield 24 Buffalo Tom 18 Built to Spill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Burgess, Sonny 42 Burke, Solomon 36 Burnett, T Bone 59 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Bush 38 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Butthole Surfers 16 Buzzcocks, The 9 Byrds, The 8 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Caedmon’s Call 39 Café Tacuba 45 Cake 27 Cale, J. J. 16 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Calexico 33 Calvert, Robert 30 Camel 21 Campi, Ray 44 Can 28 Candlebox 32 Canned Heat 44 Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Caravan 24

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Ceili Rain 34 Cervenka, Exene 57 Chadbourne, Eugene 30 Chainsaw Kittens, The 33 Chao, Manu 41 Chapman, Tracy 66 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Charlatans, The (U.K.) 13 Charlatans, The 55 Charm Farm 20 Cheap Trick 12 Cher 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Sonny and Cher Chevelle 44 Chicago 3 Chicks on Speed 47 Childish, Billy 28 Christian Death 28 Chumbawamba 21 Church, The 14 Cinderella 16 Cinematic Orchestra 52 Circle Jerks, The 17 Citizen King 27 City and Colour 66 Clapton, Eric 66 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 See Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clark, Anne 32 Clash, The 4 Clemons, Clarence 7 Clem Snide 35 Click Five, The 64 Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Coal Chamber 35 Coasters, The 5 Cobra Starship 64 Cobra Verde 28 Cochran, Eddie 43 Cochrane, Tom 22 Cocker, Joe 54 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Coheed and Cambria 58 Cold 34

Compulsion 23

Danko Jones 61

Concrete Blonde 32

Danzig 7

Dave Matthews Band 48 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Davies, Ray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Dawson, Ronnie 48 Days of the New 48 dc Talk 18 Dead Can Dance 16 Dead Kennedys 29 Dead Milkmen 22 Death in Vegas 28 de Burgh, Chris 22 Deep Purple 11 Deerhoof 50 Deerhunter 66 Def Leppard 40 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Deftones 22 DeGraw, Gavin 64 Del Amitri 18 Delgados, The 31 Dennen, Brett 66 Depeche Mode 35 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Derailers, The 37 Devo 13 Dexy’s Midnight Runners 46 D Generation 26 Dickerson, Deke 44 Diddley, Bo 3 DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Dinosaur Jr. 10 Dire Straits 22 Dirtbombs, The 53 Dirty Three 31 Dishwalla 42 Dismemberment Plan 58 Disturbed 42 Dixie Dregs 36 D.O.A. 28 Doc Pomus 14 Dog’s Eye View 21 Doiron, Julie 41 Dokken 16 Donegan, Lonnie 42 Donelly, Tanya 39 Also see Belly Also see Breeders Also see Throwing Muses Donnas, The 33 Doobie Brothers, The 3 Doors, The 4 Doves 36 Down By Law 34 Dr. Dog 62 Dreamtheater 23 Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show 53 Drive-By Truckers 45 Drivin’ n’ Cryin’ 31

Congo Norvell 22

D’Arby, Terence Trent 3

Dropkick Murphys 26

Constantines, The 58

Darkness, The 58

Contemporary Dance Music, Funk 56

Dark Star 29

Duran Duran 45 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Dashboard Confessional 44

Durutti Column, The 30

Continental Drifters 39

Dave, Edmunds 28

Dylan, Bob 58

Cooder, Ry 57

Dave Clark Five, The 12

Eagles, The 46

Cold Chisel 34

Cardigans 19

Coldplay 62 Earlier sketch in CM 32

Carlile, Brandi 63

Collective Soul 16

Carlisle, Belinda 63 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Collins, Phil 2 Also see Genesis

Cars, The 20

Collister, Christine 42

Carter USM 31

Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen 30

Case, Neko 66 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Also see New Pornographers, The Catherine Wheel 18 Cat Power 30 Caustic Resin 31 Cave, Nick 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Cooper, Alice 58 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cope, Julian 16 Cornelius 44 Cosmic Psychos 60 Costa, Matt 64 Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Counting Crows 64 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Country Joe and the Fish 36 Cousteau 41 Coverdale, David 34 Also see Deep Purple Also see Whitesnake Cowboy Mouth 37 Cows, The 32 Cracker 12 Cradle of Filth 37 Cramps, The 16 Cranberries, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Crash Test Dummies 14 Crash Vegas 49 Crazy Town 43 Cream 9 Creed 28 Creedence Clearwater Revival 16 Crenshaw, Marshall 5 Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Crosby, Stills, and Nash 24 Crow, Sheryl 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Crowded House 63 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Cult, The 16 Cure, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Curry, Tim 3 Curve 13 Dahl, Jeff 28 Dale, Dick 13 Daltrey, Roger 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Who, The Damned, The 34 Damon and Naomi 25 Dandy Warhols, The 22 Daniels, Charlie 6

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Earlier sketch in CM 3 Earle, Steve 43 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Echo and the Bunnymen 32 Echobelly 21 Eddy, Duane 9 Einstürzende Neubauten 13 Eisley 64 Electric Light Orchestra 7 Elf Power 30 El Gran Combo 39 Elliot, Cass 5 Ellis-Bextor, Sophie 62 Elms, The 44 Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell 5 Emmet Swimming 24 Emmich, Val 66 English Beat, The 9 Enigk, Jeremy 61 Also see Sunny Day Real Estate Eno, Brian 49 Erickson, Roky 16 Escovedo, Alejandro 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Etheridge, Melissa 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Eurythmics 31 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Evanescence 53 Everclear 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Eve 6 31 Ex, The 28 Exploited, The 60 Extreme 10 Faces, The 22 Face to Face 50 Faint, The 53 Fairport Convention 22 Faithfull, Marianne 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Faith No More 7 Fall, The 12 Fall Out Boy 57 Fastbacks, The 29 Fastball 32 Faust 32 Fear Factory 27 Feathers, Charlie 40 Felt 32 Ferry, Bryan 1 Filter 28 Finger Eleven 66 fIREHOSE 11 Fishbone 7 5,6,7,8’s, The 56 Five Iron Frenzy 26 54-40 37 Fixx, The 33 Flaming Lips 48 Earlier sketch in CM 22

Flogging Molly 66 Flores, Rosie 16 Flying Luttenbachers, The 28 Flying Saucer Attack 29 Fogelberg, Dan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Also see Creedence Clearwater Revival Foghat 45 Folk Implosion, The 28 Foo Fighters 58 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Ford, Lita 9 Also see Runaways, The Foreigner 21 Fountains of Wayne 53 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Four Seasons, The 24 Fox, Samantha 3 Frampton, Peter 62 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Humble Pie Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers 24 Franti, Michael 66 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Spearhead Franz Ferdinand 58 Fray, The 66 Free 44 Freed, Alan 36 French Kicks 60 Frey, Glenn 3 Also see Eagles, The Frightened Rabbit 66 Frogs, The 31 Front 242 19 Froom, Mitchell 15 Frusciante, John 56 Fuel 27 Fugazi 13 Fugs, The 35 Fu Manchu 22 Funk Brothers 42 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Galactic 44 Galaxie 500 33 Gang of Four 8 Gap Band, The 42 Garbage 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Garcia, Jerry 4 Also see Grateful Dead, The Gary Puckett and the Union Gap 45 Gathering, The 62

Cumulative Subject Index • 243

Get Up Kids 41 Ghost 24 Giant Sand 30 Gift, Roland 3 Gin Blossoms 18 Girls Against Boys 31 Glenn, Glen 66 Glitter, Gary 19 Go-Betweens, The 28 God Is My Co-Pilot 29 Godsmack 30 Gogol Bordello 59 Golden Palominos 32 Golden Smog 60 Goldfinger 46 Golightly, Holly 45 Gomez 33 Good Charlotte 45 Goodrem, Delta 65 Goo Goo Dolls, The 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Gordon, Robert 57 Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci 30 Gov’t Mule 35 Graham, Bill 10 Grandaddy 43 Grand Funk Railroad 36 Grant Lee Buffalo 16 Grapes of Wrath, The 33 Grass Roots, The 62 Grateful Dead 5 Great White 44 Grebenshikov, Boris 3 Green, Adam 64 Green Day 40 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Griffin, Patty 63 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Guess Who 23 Guided By Voices 18 Guns n’ Roses 2 Gus Gus 26 Guster 29 Guttermouth 39 Guzmán, Alejandra 44 Gwar 13 Gym Class Heroes 62 Hagar, Sammy 21 Hagen, Nina 25 Hall & Oates 47 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hammill, Peter 30 Hammond, Albert 65 Hammond, Albert, Jr. 66 Also see Strokes, The Hanna, Kathleen 45 Hard-Fi 63 Harper, Ben 17

Harvey, PJ 43 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Harvey Danger 60 Hassman, Nikki 26 Hatfield, Juliana 37 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Also see Lemonheads, The Hawkins, Dale 45 Hawkins, Ronnie 36 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hawkwind 41 Hawthorne Heights 65 Hayden 65 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Heart 1 Helmet 52 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Hendrix, Jimi 2 Henley, Don 3 Also see Eagles, The Henry, Joe 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hiatt, John 35 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Higgins, Missy 64 Hinder 65 His Name Is Alive 43 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Hives, The 44 Hodgson, Roger 26 Also see Supertramp Hold Steady, The 56 Holdsworth, Allan 61 Also see Soft Machine Hole 14 Holland-Dozier-Holland 5 Holmes Brothers, The 35 Hoobastank 50 Hoodoo Gurus 33 Hooters 20 Hootie and the Blowfish 18 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Hot Chip 64 Hot Hot Heat 55 Houston, Penelope 28 Hudson Brothers, The 56 Humble Pie 40 Hunter, Ian 57 Hüsker Dü 45 Hutchinson, Eric 66

Harper, Roy 30

Immaculate Machine 62

Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The

Imperial Teen 26 (International) Noise Conspiracy, The 60

Ida 44 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Imbruglia, Natalie 66 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Indigenous 31

Flamingos, The 36

Gatton, Danny 16

Flamin’ Groovies 42

Gene Loves Jezebel 27

Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie

Flatlanders, The 43

Genesis 4

Hart, Beth 29

Interpol 52

Fleetwood Mac 44 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Geraldine Fibbers 21

Hart, Mickey 39 Also see Grateful Dead, The

INXS 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21

Germs, The 54

244 • Cumulative Subject Index

Earlier sketch in CM 2 Iron Maiden 10 Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jackson, Randy 64 Jackyl 24 Jagger, Mick 53 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Rolling Stones, The Jam, The 27 James, Colin 66 James Gang 56 Jane’s Addiction 6 Jars of Clay 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Jason & the Scorchers 45 Jawbox 31 Jawbreaker 46 Jayhawks, The 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Jefferson Airplane 5 Jesus and Mary Chain, The 10 Jesus Lizard 19 Jet 61 Jethro Tull 8 Jett, Joan 3 Also see Runaways, The Jimmie’s Chicken Shack 22 Jimmy Eat World 37 Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Johansen, David 7 John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Johnson, Jack 64 Earlier sketch in CM 45 Johnston, Daniel 61 Jonas Brothers 63 Jon Spencer Blues Explosion 54 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Joplin, Janis 3 Journey 21 Joy Division 19 Juanes 43 Judas Priest 10 Jule Brown 63 Juliana Theory, The 43 Junoon 45 Kaiser Chiefs 66 Kansas 32 Karate 57 Keane 62 Keene, Tommy 31

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Kelly, Jeff 31

Kid606 36 Killers, The 61 Killing Heidi 62 Killing Joke 30 Kills, The 64 King Crimson 17 King Missile 22 Kingsmen, The 34 Kings of Leon 54 Kinks, The 15 Kiss 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 KLF, The 52 KMFDM 18 Knack, The 35 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Knife, The 61 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Korn 20 Kottonmouth Kings 38 Kravitz, Lenny 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Ladytron 65 La Ley 62 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Lambchop 29 LaMontagne, Ray 61 Landreth, Sonny 16 Lane, Ronnie 46 Also see Faces, The Lanegan, Mark 57 lang, kd 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Langford, Jon 59 Lanternjack, The 31 LCD Soundsystem 64 Led Zeppelin 49 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Lee, Alvin 59 Lee, Amos 65 Lee, Ben 56 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Lee, Rita 37 Legend, Johnny 58 Leiber and Stoller 14 Lemonheads, The 12 Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lennon, Julian 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lennon, Sean 49 Leo, Ted 43 Les Négresses Vertes 30 Les Savy Fav 54 Less Than Jake 22 Letters to Cleo 22

Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Lewis, Jenny 66 Also see Rilo Kiley

Malone, Michelle 30

moe. 34

Kidjo, Angelique 39 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Lewis, Linda Gail 48

Maná 37

Mogwai 27

Liars 55

Manic Street Preachers 27

Mojave 3 26

Kid Rock 54 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Lifehouse 41

Mansun 30

Molly Hatchet 37

Limp Bizkit 56

Marcy Playground 31

Molotov 47

Kelley, Josh 64

Earlier sketch in CM 27 Lindley, David 2 Lindsay, Arto 53 Linkin Park 44 Linkous, Mark 26 Lit 27 Little Feat 4 Little Texas 14 Live 14 Living Colour 7 Living End, The 42 Lofgren, Nils 25 Logan, Jack 27 Loggins, Kenny 60 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Long Beach Dub All Stars 58 Los Lobos 36 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Los Lonely Boys 61 Los Straitjackets 50 Loud Family, The 31 Love, Courtney 50 Also see Hole Love, Darlene 46 Love 34 Love and Rockets 15 Love as Laughter 65 Loveless, Patty 66 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Loverboy 46 Love Spit Love 21 Lovin’ Spoonful 37 Low 37 Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Lowest of the Low 63 L7 12 Lucero 51 Ludo 64 Luna 56 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Lunch, Lydia 54 Luscious Jackson 27 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Lush 13 Lydon, John 9 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Sex Pistols, The Lynne, Jeff 5 Lynyrd Skynyrd 9 MacColl, Ewan 49 Machine Head 32 MacIsaac, Ashley 21 Mack, Lonnie 37 Madder Rose 17 Make-Up, The 53 Malo, Raul 63

Marilyn Manson 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Marina, Anya 66 Maroon 5 54 Marshall Tucker Band 43 Mars Volta, The 55 Martin, George 6 Martin, Janis 59 Marx, Richard 3 Mason, Willy 62 Matchbox 20 27 Mates of State 66 Matthew Good Band 34 Mayer, John 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The McCaughey, Scott 31 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCoo, Marilyn 62 McCoys, The 49 MC5, The 9 McGuinn, Roger 35 McKee, Maria 11 McLachlan, Sarah 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McMurtry, James 10 McVie, Christine 53 Meat Loaf 12 Meat Puppets, The 13 Megadeth 9 Mekons, The 15 Mellencamp, John 65 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see John Cougar Mellencamp Melvins 46 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Men at Work 34 Metallica 66 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Meteors, The 61 Midnight Oil 11 Mighty Mighty Bosstones 20 Mike & the Mechanics 17 Miller, Frankie 59 Miller, Steve 2 Ministry 10 Minty 32 Minus 5, The 51 Minutemen, The 31 Misfits, The 32 Mission of Burma 51 Moby Grape 12 Modest Mouse 60 Earlier sketch in CM 30

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Monch, Pharoahe 29 Money, Eddie 16 Monks of Doom 28 Monster Magnet 39 Moody Blues, The 18 Moonglows, The 33 Moore, Geoff 43 Morissette, Alanis 64 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Morphine 29 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Morrison, Jim 3 Also see Doors, The Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morrissey 50 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Smiths, The Mötley Crüe 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Motörhead 10 Mott the Hoople 31 Mould, Bob 57 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Hüsker Dü Mountain 30 M People 27 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Mr. Big 65 Mr. Bungle 58 Mr. T Experience, The 29 Mudhoney 65 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Mudvayne 42 Muldaur, Maria 18 Mullins, Shawn 33 Murder City Devils 42 Murphy, Peter 22 Muse 40 MxPx 33 My Chemical Romance 56 My Morning Jacket 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Myles, Alannah 4 Naked, Bif 29 Nelson, Rick 2 N.E.R.D. 65 Neu! 32 Neurosis 28 Neutral Milk Hotel 31 New Found Glory 50 Newman, Randy 4 New Model Army 35 New Pornographers, The 57 Newsboys, The 24 Newsom, Joanna 61 New York Dolls, The 51

Cumulative Subject Index • 245

NOFX 28 Norman, Larry 42 Northern Pikes, The 60 North Mississippi Allstars 39 Nova, Heather 30 NRBQ 12 Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The O.A.R. 49 Oasis 41 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Ocasek, Ric 5 Also see Cars, The O’Connor, Sinead 63 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3 O.C. Supertones, The 40 Offspring 62 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Oldham, Will 32 Old 97’s 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Olivia Tremor Control 28 Olson, Carla 45 Ono, Yoko 47 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Orbison, Roy 2 Orgy 27 O’Rourke, Jim 31 Osborne, Joan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Osbourne, Kelly 55 Osbourne, Ozzy 39 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Black Sabbath Our Lady Peace 22 OutKast 33 Out of the Grey 37 Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The Palmer, Robert 2 Paloalto 45 Panic! at the Disco 64 Pantera 13 Papa Roach 30 Paramore 65 Parker, Graham 49 Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Parsons, Alan 12 Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Paul Revere & The Raiders 30 Pavement 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Pearl Jam 32 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Pearls Before Swine 24 Peel, John 43

Peter Bjorn and John 64 Petty, Tom 50 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Phair, Liz 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Phantom Planet 49 Phillips, Sam 5 Phillips, Shawn 41 Phish 65 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Pigface 19 Pink Floyd 2 Pixies, The 52 Earlier sketch in 21 Placebo 27 Plain White T’s 65 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Player 65 P.O.D. 33 Pogues, The 6 Poi Dog Pondering 17 Poison 11 Police, The 20 Pop, Iggy 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Porno for Pyros 31 Portishead 65 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Powderfinger 33 Powerman 5000 37 Presidents of the United States of America, The 34 Presley, Elvis 1 Presley, Lisa Marie 55 Pretenders, The 8 Prettyman, Tristan 64 Pretty Things, The 26 Primal Scream 14 Primus 11 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Prine, John 56 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Proclaimers, The 13 Project 86 52

Nicks, Stevie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Fleetwood Mac

Raconteurs, The 64 Radio 4 59 Radiohead 64 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Rage Against the Machine 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Railroad Earth 51 Rainbow 40 Rainer Maria 59 Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rammstein 25 Ramones, The 41 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rancid 29 Rascals, The 52 Raspberries 43 Rasputina 26 Ratatat 65 Raveonettes, The 48 Ray, Amy 65 Also see Indigo Girls Redbone 47 Redd Kross 20 Red Hot Chili Peppers 29 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Red House Painters 40 Reed, Lou 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Velvet Underground, The Reef 24 Reel Big Fish 55 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Relient K 55 R.E.M. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rembrandts, The 37 Remy Zero 38 REO Speedwagon 23 Replacements, The 7 Residents, The 14 Resurrection Band 36 Reverend Horton Heat 19 Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails Rheostatics 37

Promise Ring, The 28

Richards, Keith 11 Also see Rolling Stones, The

Prong 23

Richman, Jonathan 12

Prophet, Chuck 32

Ride 40

Puddle of Mudd 45

Riley, Billy Lee 43

Pulp 51 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Riley, Terry 32

Pure Prairie League 49 Pursuit of Happiness, The 58

Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise 35

Quasi 24

Roberts, Sam 59

Quatro, Suzi 47

Robertson, Robbie 2

Pennywise 27

Queen 6

Rocket from the Crypt 52

People Under The Stairs 39 Pere Ubu 17

Queens of the Stone Age 55 Earlier sketch in CM 31

Roe, Michael 41 Also see Seventy Sevens, The

Nile, Willie 31

Perfect Circle, A 54

Queensryche 8

Nirvana 8

Perkins, Carl 9

Quicksilver Messenger Service 23

Rolling Stones, The 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3

New York Dolls 20 Nickelback 36

Rise Against 66

246 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Rollins, Henry 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Romantics, The 34 Ronettes, The 45 Rose, Tim 41 Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen Roxy Music 39 Royal, Billy Joe 46 Royal Trux 29 Rube Waddell 29 Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rucker, Darius 66 Also see Hootie and the Blowfish Runaways, The 44 Rundgren, Todd 11 Rush 8 Russell, Leon 35 Rusted Root 26 Ryder, Mitch 11 Sadies, The 53 Saints, The 40 Salem, Kevin 32 Saliva 38 Sambora, Richie 24 Also see Bon Jovi Samples 58 Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Satriani, Joe 4 Saves the Day 59 Savoy Brown 56 Scaggs, Boz 12 Scharin, Doug 32 Scialfa, Patti 51 Scissor Sisters 61 Scorpions, The 12 Screaming Trees 19 Screeching Weasel 48 Scud Mountain Boys 21 Seal 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Sebadoh 26 Secret Machines 66 Seger, Bob 15 Semisonic 32 Sense Field 39 Sepultura 12 Sevendust 37 Seven Mary Three 39 Sex Pistols, The 5 Sexsmith, Ron 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Shadows, The 22 Shaffer, Paul 13 Shannon, Del 10 Sharpe, Ray 53

Shocked, Michelle 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Shonen Knife 13 Shudder to Think 20 Sia 64 Sick of It All 41 Sigur Rós 31 Sill, Judee 61 Silver Apples 23 Silverchair 63 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Simon and Garfunkel 24 Simple Minds 21 Simple Plan 53 Siouxsie and the Banshees 8 Sister Hazel 34 Six by Seven 35 Skid Row 48 Skinny Puppy 17 Skunk Anansie 27 Slade 54 Slayer 62 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Sleater-Kinney 46 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Slick, Grace 33 Also see Jefferson Airplane Slint 55 Slipknot 30 Slits, The 49 Sloan 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Slowdive 40 Smashing Pumpkins 36 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Smash Mouth 27 Smith, Patti 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Smithereens, The 14 Smiths, The 3 Smog 28 Snow Patrol 59 Social Distortion 27 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Soft Machine 36 Songs: Ohia 49 SonicFlood 51 Sonic Youth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Son Volt 21 Soul Asylum 10 Soulfly 33 Soundgarden 6 Soundtrack of Our Lives, The 56

Sparks 18 Specials, The 21 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Spedding, Chris 61 Spencer Davis Group 19 Spiderbait 39 Spinal Tap 8 Spin Doctors 14 Spiral Starecase 51 Spirit 22 Spiritualized 43 Sponge 18 Spongetones, The 34 Spoon 34 Springsteen, Bruce 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Squeeze 5 Stabbing Westward 35 Staind 65 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Starr, Frank “Andy” 47 Starr, Garrison 38 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Status Quo 40 Steeleye Span 19 Steely Dan 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stefani, Gwen 63 Steppenwolf 20 Stereophonics 29 Stern, Mike 29 Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The Stone, Sly 8 Also see Sly & the Family Stone Stone Roses, The 16 Stone Temple Pilots 36 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Stranglers, The 31 Straw, Syd 18 Also see Golden Palominos Strawbs 37 Stray Cats, The 11 String Cheese Incident, The 34 Strokes, The 37

Sugarland 61 Suicidal Tendencies 15 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Sunny Day Real Estate 28 Superchunk 29 Superdrag 23 Supergrass 30 Supersuckers 50 Supertramp 25 Surfin’ Pluto 24 Survivor 65 Sweet 39 Swervedriver 31 Switches 64 Switchfoot 48 System of a Down 36 Taking Back Sunday 58 Tantric 36 Taylor, Steve 26 Tea Party 38 Tears for Fears 52 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Teenage Fanclub 13 Television 17 10,000 Maniacs 3 Tenacious D 61 10cc 43 Ten Years After 63 Terrell 32 Tesla 15 Texas Tornados, The 8 The The 15 They Might Be Giants 7 Thin Lizzy 13 Third Day 34 Third Eye Blind 25 13th Floor Elevators 47 .38 Special 40 Thompson, Richard 7 Thorogood, George 34 Three Days Grace 64 Three Dog Night 5 3 Doors Down 43 311 20 Throwing Muses 15 Thunderbirds are Now! 63 Tijuana No! 32 Timbuk 3 3 Toad the Wet Sprocket 13 Todd, Mia Doi 52 Tokio Hotel 65

Stryper 2

Tortoise 32

Shellac 46

South, Joe 59

Tower of Power 40

Shihad 34

Souther, J.D. 66

Styx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 37

Shins, The 52

Southern Culture on the Skids 42

Sublime 19

Shipp, Matthew 31

Spacehog 29

Sudden, Nikki 59

Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The

Shivaree 60

Spacemen 3 31

Sugarcubes, The 10

Traffic 19

Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers 26 Tonic 32 Tool 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Toomey, Jenny 43 Also see Tsunami To Rococo Rot 31

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Tragically Hip, The 18 Train 33 Travis 66 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Treadmill Trackstar 21 T. Rex 11 Tripping Daisy 60 Trout, Walter 59 Trower, Robin 58 Trucks, Derek 66 Trynin, Jen 21 Tsunami 21 Turner, Tina 54 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina Tuxedomoon 21 TV on the Radio 66 23 Skidoo 31 Twisted Sister 66 Type O Negative 27 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Ultimate Fakebook 48 Umphrey’s McGee 66 Uncle Kracker 42 Uncle Tupelo 37 Undertones, The 39 Underworld 26 Unwound 41 Urge Overkill 17 Uriah Heep 19 U2 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Vai, Steve 5 Valens, Ritchie 23 Valli, Frankie 10 Van der Graaf Generator 56 Vandermark, Ken 28 Van Halen 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Van Zandt, Steven 29 Van Zant 61 VAST 34 Vaughan, Jimmie 24 Vaughan, Stevie Ray 52 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Velvet Crush 50 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Velvet Underground, The 7 Ventures 19 Vertical Horizon 33

Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Wakeman, Rick 27 Also see Strawbs Also see Yes Walkmen, The 59 Wallflowers, The 20 Walsh, Joe 5 Also see Eagles, The Wannadies, The 29 War 14 Ward, M. 66 Warrant 17 Waterboys, The 27 Waters, Roger 61 Also see Pink Floyd Weakerthans, The 46 Wedding Present, The 28 Ween 30 Weezer 52 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Weller, Paul 14 Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics 26 West, Leslie 59 West, Lizzie 62 Westerberg, Paul 26 Whiskeytown 44 White, Tony Joe 61 Whitesnake 5 White Stripes, The 39 White Zombie 17 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Who, The 3 Widespread Panic 39 Wild Strawberries 60 Willis, Wesley 51 Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Wire 29 Wolf, Peter 25 Wood, Ron 56 Workhorse Movement, The 30 Wray, Link 17 Wright, Rick 65 Also see Pink Floyd Wyatt, Robert 24 Wynn, Steve 31

Veruca Salt 20

X 11

Verve, The 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18

X-Ray Spex 31

Cumulative Subject Index • 247

Yorn, Pete 45 You Am I 35 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Young Dubliners 58 Youth Group 62 Zappa, Frank 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Zedek, Thalia 52 Zevon, Warren 48 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Zombies, The 56 Earlier sketch in CM 23 ZZ Top 2

Rock and Roll Pioneers

Albright, Gerald 62 Allen, Harry 61 Ammons, Gene 39 Anderson, Fred 32 Anderson, Wessell 42 Ayler, Albert 19 Barbieri, Gato 22 Bechet, Sidney 17 Bluiett, Hamiet 45 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Braxton, Anthony 12 Brecker, Michael 29 Brötzmann, Peter 26 Bunnett, Jane 37 Cannon, Ace 65 Carter, Benny 3 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Carter, James 18 Chenier, C. J. 15 Clemons, Clarence 7 Coleman, Ornette 5 Coltrane, John 4 Coxhill, Lol 41 Curtis, King 17 Davis, Eddie “Lockjaw” 40 Desmond, Paul 23 Dibango, Manu 60 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Dolphy, Eric 36 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 Dulfer, Candy 35 Edwards, Teddy 44 Eskelin, Ellery 31 Freeman, Chico 49 Freeman, Von 48 Garbarek, Jan 30 Garrett, Kenny 28 Gayle, Charles 35 Getz, Stan 12 Giuffre, Jimmy 64 Golson, Benny 21 Gordon, Dexter 10 Hamilton, Scott 55 Harris, Eddie 15 Harrison, Wendell 56

Verve Pipe, The 20

XTC 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Vigilantes of Love 51

Yamagata, Rachael 66

Vincent, Gene 19

Yardbirds, The 10

Vines, The 51

Yeah Yeah Yeahs 59

Auger, Brian 63 Ballard, Hank 17 Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Blackwell, Otis 57 Clark, Dick 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Darin, Bobby 4 Diddley, Bo 3 Dion 4 Domino, Fats 2 Eddy, Duane 9 Everly Brothers, The 2 Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Francis, Connie 10 Glitter, Gary 19 Haley, Bill 6 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Holly, Buddy 1 James, Etta 54 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Jordan, Louis 11 Lewis, Jerry Lee 60 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Little Richard 1 Nelson, Rick 2 Orbison, Roy 2 Otis, Johnny 16 Paul, Les 2 Perkins, Carl 9 Phillips, Sam 5 Presley, Elvis 1 Professor Longhair 6 Rock, Guitar 60 Sedaka, Neil 4 Shannon, Del 10 Shirelles, The 11 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Styx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Twitty, Conway 6 Valli, Frankie 10 Wilson, Jackie 3 Wray, Link 17

Violent Femmes 12

Yellowcard 52

Saxophone

Kuti, Femi 29

Voodoo Glow Skulls 38

Yes 8

Lacy, Steve 23

Waits, Tom 61

Yo La Tengo 24

Abair, Mindi 48 Adderley, Cannonball 15

Hawkins, Coleman 11 Hemphill, Julius 34 Henderson, Joe 14 Herman, Woody 12 Ho, Fred 60 Hodges, Johnny 24 Jacquet, Illinois 53 James, Boney 21 Johnston, Phillip 36 Kenny G 14 Kirk, Rahsaan Roland 6 Koffman, Moe 34 Konitz, Lee 30 Koz, Dave 19

Lateef, Yusef 16

248 • Cumulative Subject Index

Lloyd, Charles 22 Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Lovano, Joe 13 Marsalis, Branford 10 McLean, Jackie 41 McNeely, Big Jay 37 Moody, James 34 Morgan, Frank 9 Mulligan, Gerry 16 Murray, Dave 28 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Najee 21 Newsom, Tommy 63 Osby, Greg 57 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Parker, Charlie 5 Parker, Evan 28 Also see Brotherhood of Breath Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Pepper, Art 18 Pine, Courtney 51 Randolph, Boots 57 Redman, Dewey 32 Redman, Joshua 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Robinson, Spike 62 Rollins, Sonny 7 Rova Saxophone Quartet 42 Russell, Pee Wee 25 Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sánchez, David 40 Sanders, Pharoah 28 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Scott, Tony 32 Shepp, Archie 43 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Sims, Zoot 37 Smith, Tommy 28

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

World Saxophone Quartet 39 Young, La Monte 16 Young, Lester 14 Zorn, John 15 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble

Brom, Marti 46 Brooke, Jonatha 56 Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brooks, Lonnie 54 Brooks, Meredith 30 Brooks & Dunn 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Brother Ali 63 Broussard, Marc 63 Brown, Alison 44 Brown, Bobby 4 Brown, Greg 56 Brown, James 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Marty 14 Brown, Pete 62 Browne, Jackson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Bruni, Carla 64 Buckingham, Lindsey 66 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Buckley, Jeff 22 Buckley, Tim 14 Buckner, Richard 31 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals Also see War Burnett, T Bone 59 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Burning Spear 15 Burroughs, William S. 26 Bush, Kate 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bushkin, Joe 54 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Cabrera, Ryan 58 Cahn, Sammy 11 Cale, J. J. 16 Calloway, Cab 6 Calvert, Robert 30 Campbell, Little Milton 58 Campbell, Sarah Elizabeth 23 Campi, Ray 44 Cantrell, Laura 57 Captain Beefheart 10 Card, Michael 40

Trovesi, Gianluigi 66

Acuff, Roy 2 Adam, Margie 39 Adams, Bryan 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Adams, Yolanda 23 Adkins, Hasil 49 Adkins, Trace 31 Afanasieff, Walter 26 Aikens, Rhett 22 Albini, Steve 15 Also see Shellac Alexander, Arthur 14 Allen, Peter 11 Allen, Terry 56 Allison, Joe 42 Allison, Mose 17 Almond, Marc 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 29 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Alvin, Dave 17 Also see Blasters, The Also see X Aly & AJ 63 Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Anderson, Bill 32 Anderson, John 5 Andrews, Jessica 34 Anka, Paul 2 Anthony, Marc 33 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Anu, Christine 34 Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Arden, Jann 52 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Arends, Carolyn 45 Arjona, Ricardo 43 Armatrading, Joan 4 Armiger, Katie 66 Arthur, Joseph 57

Turner, Mark 40

Ashcroft, Richard 55

Turrentine, Stanley 42 Vandermark, Ken 28

Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Walker, Junior 30

Austin, Sherrié 34

Wallace, Bennie 31

Autry, Gene 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Badly Drawn Boy 33 Badu, Erykah 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Baez, Joan 1 Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Baldry, Long John 51 Banhart, Devendra 52 Barber, Patricia 40 Bare, Bobby 48 Bareilles, Sara 64 Barlow, Lou 20 Also see Dinosaur Jr. Also see Folk Implosion, The Also see Sebadoh Barrett, Syd 37 Also see Pink Floyd Basie, Count 2 Beamer, Keola 43 Beck 65 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Becker, Margaret 31 Bedingfield, Daniel 62 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Bellson, Louie 66 Benét, Eric 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Benson, Brendan 55 Benton, Brook 7 Berg, Matraca 16 Bergman, Alan and Marilyn 30 Berlin, Irving 8 Bermúdez, Obie 63 Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bishop, Elvin 41 Björk 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Sugarcubes, The Black, Clint 53 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Black, Frank 14 Also see Pixies, The Black, Jully 64 Blackwell, Otis 57 Blades, Rubén 58 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Blegvad, Peter 28 Blige, Mary J. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Bloom, Luka 14 Bloomfield, Michael 40 Blunt, James 63 Bond, Johnny 28 Boxcar Willie 41 Brady, Paul 8 Bragg, Billy 7

Axelrod, David 34

Brandt, Paul 22

Carlton, Vanessa 53

Watanabe, Sadao 39

Axton, Mae 53

Carmichael, Hoagy 27

Waters, Benny 58

Aznavour, Charles 45

Brickell, Edie 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 3

Whalum, Kirk 39

Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Brion, Jon 52

Carter, Carlene 8

Bristol, Johnny 62

Carter, Deana 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25

Spearman, Glenn 55 Stitt, Sonny 59 Tabackin, Lew 47 Tate, Buddy 33 Threadgill, Henry 9

Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights

Winter, Paul 10 Woods, Phil 57

Sintir Hakmoun, Hassan 15 Walker, Natalie 65

Songwriters

Brokop, Lisa 22

Cardwell, Joi 22 Carlile, Brandi 63 Carlisle, Bob 22 Carll, Hayes 65

Carroll, Jim 46

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Carthy, Martin 34 Also see Steeleye Span Cary, Caitlin 46 Also see Whiskeytown Case, Neko 66 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Also see New Pornographers, The Cash, Johnny 46 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cash, Rosanne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cat Power 30 Cave, Nick 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Chambers, Kasey 36 Chandra, Sheila 16 Chapin, Harry 6 Chapin, Jen 49 Chapin-Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chapman, Beth Nielsen 42 Chapman, Gary 33 Chapman, Steven Curtis 47 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Chapman, Tracy 66 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Chaquico, Craig 23 Also see Jefferson Starship Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Chenier, C. J. 15 Chesnutt, Vic 28 Child, Desmond 30 Childish, Billy 28 Childs, Toni 2 Chilton, Alex 10 Also see Big Star Also see Box Tops, The Ciara 61 City and Colour 66 Clapton, Eric 66 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 See Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Clark, Anne 32 Clark, Gene 51 Clark, Guy 17 Clark, Petula 40 Clements, Vassar 18 Cleveland, James 1 Clinton, George 7 Cochran, Eddie 43

Collins, Albert 52 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Collins, Judy 4 Collins, Phil 2 Also see Genesis Colter, Jessi 63 Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Connors, Stompin’ Tom 56 Contemporary Dance Music, Rhythm and Blues/Soul 64 Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Cooper, Alice 58 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Cope, Julian 16 Costa, Matt 64 Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cotten, Elizabeth 16 Coverdale, David 34 Also see Deep Purple Also see Whitesnake Crenshaw, Marshall 5 Croce, Jim 3 Cropper, Steve 12 Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Crosse, Clay 38 Crow, Sheryl 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Crowded House 63 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Crowe, J. D. 5 Crowell, Rodney 8 Currington, Billy 64 Curtis, Catie 31 Daft Punk 66 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Dahl, Jeff 28 Dalton, Nic 31 Daniels, Charlie 6 Davies, Gail 38 Davies, Ray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Davis, Alana 36 Davis, Mac 60 Day, Howie 49

Cumulative Subject Index • 249

Des’ree 24 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Destroyer 51 DeVaughn, Raheem 64 Diamond, Neil 58 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Dickerson, Deke 44 Diddley, Bo 3 Dido 46 Diffie, Joe 27 Earlier sketch in CM 10 DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Dillon, Phyllis 53 Dion 4 Dixon, Willie 10 DMX 25 Doc Pomus 14 Doiron, Julie 41 Domino, Fats 2 Donelly, Tanya 39 Also see Belly Also see Breeders Also see Throwing Muses Donovan 9 Dorsey, Thomas A. 11 Doucet, Michael 8 Doughty, Mike 60 Drake, Nick 17 Dube, Lucky 17 Dulli, Greg 17 Also see Afghan Whigs, The Durden, Tommy 53 Dury, Ian 30 Dylan, Bob 58 Earle, Steve 43 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Edwards, Kathleen 55 Edwards, Stoney 55 Elfman, Danny 9 Ellington, Duke 2 Elliott, Ramblin’ Jack 32 Ely, Joe 52 Emmanuel, Tommy 62 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Emmich, Val 66 English, Michael 23 Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Erickson, Roky 16 Ertegun, Ahmet 10 Escovedo, Alejandro 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Cochrane, Tom 23

Dayne, Taylor 60 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Cockburn, Bruce 8

DeBarge, El 14

Cohen, Leonard 52

de Burgh, Chris 22

Estefan, Gloria 63 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Cohn, Marc 43

DeGraw, Gavin 64

Estelle 66

Cole, Keyshia 64

DeMent, Iris 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Esthero 58

Cole, Lloyd 9 Cole, Nat King 3 Colleen 63

Denver, John 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Collie, Mark 15

DeShannon, Jackie 40

Everlast 27 Fabian, Lara 34 Faithfull, Marianne 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Falkner, Jason 57 Farrar, Jay 46 Also see Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Feist 55 Ferry, Bryan 1 Finger Eleven 66 Finn, Neil 34 Also see Crowded House Five for Fighting 36 Flack, Roberta 5 Flatt, Lester 3 Fogelberg, Dan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Folds, Ben 50 Also see Ben Folds Five Fordham, Julia 15 Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Frampton, Peter 62 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Humble Pie Franti, Michael 66 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Spearhead Frey, Glenn 3 Also see Eagles, The Frightened Rabbit 66 Fripp, Robert 9 Frizzell, Lefty 10 Frost, Edith 40 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gabriel, Juan 31 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Gainsbourg, Serge 41 Garcia, Jerry 4 Also see Grateful Dead, The Gauthier, Mary 54 Gaye, Marvin 4 Geldof, Bob 9 Gerrard, Lisa 49 Gershwin, George and Ira 11 Gibson, Bob 23 Gibson, Deborah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Gibson, Debbie Gibson, Don 58 Gift, Roland 3 Gilkyson, Eliza 58 Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Pure Prairie League

Etheridge, Melissa 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Gilley, Mickey 7

Evans, Sara 60 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Glazer, Tom 48

Gilmore, Thea 48 Goffin-King 24

250 • Cumulative Subject Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Gold, Julie 22 Goodman, Benny 4 Gordon, Kevin 60 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Gorka, John 18 Grant, Amy 49 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Gray, David 30 Gray, Macy 32 Green, Adam 64 Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Green, Keith 38 Green, Pat 66 Green, Peter 50 Also see Fleetwood Mac Greenwood, Lee 12 Griffin, Patty 63 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Griffith, Nanci 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Guerra, Juan 63 Guthrie, Arlo 50 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Guthrie, Gwen 26 Guthrie, Woodie 2 Guy, Buddy 4 Guy, George “Buddy” 56 Haack, Bruce 37 Haden, Petra 55 Also see Decemberists, The Also see Rentals, The Hagen, Nina 25 Haggard, Merle 39 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Hall, Tom T. 26 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hamilton, Anthony 58 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Hammer, M.C. 5 Hammill, Peter 30 Hammond, Albert 65 Hammond, Albert, Jr. 66 Also see Strokes, The Hancock, Butch 56 Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hancock, Wayne 45 Hanna, Kathleen 45 Harcourt, Ed 54 Hardin, Tim 18 Harding, John 58 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hardy, Françoise 43 Harley, Bill 7 Harmer, Sarah 56 Harper, Ben 17

Hart, Beth 29 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Harvey, PJ 43 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Hatfield, Juliana 37 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Also see Lemonheads, The Hawkins, Dale 45 Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hayes, Gemma 58 Hayes, Isaac 10 Hazlewood, Lee 45 Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hedges, Michael 3 Hendrix, Jimi 2 Henley, Don 3 Also see Eagles, The Henry, Joe 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hersh, Kristin 49 Hiatt, John 35 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Higgins, Missy 64 Hill, Lauryn 25 Also see Fugees, The Hinojosa, Tish 44 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Hiromi 66 Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Holland, Jolie 55 Holly, Buddy 1 Honeytree 58 Hornsby, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Houston, Penelope 28 Howard, Harlan 15 Howard, Rebecca Lynn 41 Hubbard, Ray Wylie 38 Hunter, Ian 57 Hurley, Michael 58 Hutchinson, Eric 66 Ian, Janis 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Ice Cube 10 Also see N.W.A. Ice-T 7 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Imbruglia, Natalie 66 Earlier sketch in CM 27

Harper, Roy 30

Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Harris, Emmylou 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Harris, Jesse 47 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie

India.Arie 66 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Ingram, Jack 58

Jackson, Alan 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Jackson, Janet 64 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The Jackson, Millie 14 Jackson, Wanda 42 Jacobs, Kate 51 Jagger, Mick 53 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Rolling Stones, The James, Colin 66 James, Rick 55 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jarreau, Al 62 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ja Rule 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Jennings, Mason 59 Jennings, Waylon 65 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jett, Joan 3 Also see Runaways, The Jewel 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Johansen, David 7 John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Johnson, Jack 64 Earlier sketch in CM 45 Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Jones, Donell 43 Jones, George 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jones, Norah 48 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Rickie Lee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Joplin, Janis 3 Jordan, Marc 30 Jordan, Montell 26 Jules, Gary 52 Kane, Big Daddy 7 Keaggy, Cheri 54 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Kee, John P. 15 Keene, Tommy 31 Keith, Toby 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Khan, Chaka 63 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 King, Albert 2 King, B. B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Ben E. 7 King, Carole 6 King, Freddy 17 King, Kaki 55 Kirchen, Bill 50 Also see Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Kirkpatrick, Wayne 50 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Korner, Alexis 51 Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Krall, Diana 50 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kravitz, Lenny 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Krebs, Pete 43 Kreviazuk, Chantal 33 Kristofferson, Kris 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lahiri, Bappi 42 Landreth, Sonny 16 lang, kd 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Lange, Mutt 47 Langford, Jon 59 Larkin, Patty 9 LaSalle, Denise 43 Lauderdale, Jim 29 Lavin, Christine 6 LeDoux, Chris 55 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Lee, Amos 65 Lee, Ben 56 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Lee, Peggy 8 Legend, Johnny 58 Legend, John 61 Lehrer, Tom 7 Leiber and Stoller 14 Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lennon, Julian 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lennon, Sean 49 Leo, Ted 43 Lerche, Sondre 50 Lewis, Huey 9

Kelley, Josh 64

Lewis, Jenny 66 Also see Rilo Kiley

Kelly, Jeff 31

Lightfoot, Gordon 3

Kelly, Paul 40

Linkous, Mark 26

Kelly, R. 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Little Richard 1

Ketchum, Hal 14

LL Cool J 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lloyd, Bill 62 Loeb, Lisa 23 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Logan, Jack 27 Loggins, Kenny 60 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Lord, Mary Lou 54 Love, Courtney 50 Also see Hole Love, Laura 20 Loveless, Patty 66 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lovett, Lyle 63 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Luciano 41 Lupe Fiasco 64 Lydon, John 9 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Sex Pistols, The Lynn, Loretta 47 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lynne, Jeff 5 Lynne, Shelby 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Maal, Baaba 37 MacColl, Ewan 49 MacColl, Kirsty 51 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Mack, Lonnie 37 MacNeil, Rita 29 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Malo, Raul 63 Malone, Michelle 30 Mandell, Eleni 63 Manilow, Barry 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mann, Aimee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Mann, Barry 30 Mann, Billy 23 Mapfumo, Thomas 39 Marina, Anya 66 Marley, Bob 3 Marley, Ziggy 47 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Marshall, Amanda 27 Martyn, John 43 Marx, Richard 3

McCain, Edwin 35 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 McCaughey, Scott 31 McClinton, Delbert 14 McCorkle, Susannah 27 McCoury, Del 15 McCulloch, Ian 23 McDonald, Michael 59 McEntire, Reba 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 McGarrigle, Kate and Anna 35 McGuinn, Roger 35 McKay, Nellie 61 McKenna, Lori 54 McKeown, Erin 57 McLachlan, Sarah 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McLaren, Malcolm 23 McLean, Don 7 McLennan, Grant 21 McMurtry, James 10 MC 900 Ft. Jesus 16 McTell, Blind Willie 17 McVie, Christine 53 Medley, Bill 3 Melanie 12 Melcher, Terry 53 Mellencamp, John 65 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see John Cougar Mellencamp Mercer, Johnny 13 Merchant, Natalie 25 Also see , Maniacs10000 Merritt, Tift 52 Messina, Jo Dee 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Metallica 66 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Earlier sketch in CM 7 M.I.A. 63 Michael, George 49 Miller, Buddy 31 Miller, Julie 55 Miller, Roger 4 Miller, Steve 2 Milsap, Ronnie 2

Mason, Willy 62

Moorer, Allison 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40

Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Moffatt, Katy 46 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Momus 47 Moondog 55 Moore, Geoff 43

Cumulative Subject Index • 251

Moroder, Giorgio 63 Morrison, Jim 3 Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morrissey, Bill 12 Morrissey 50 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Smiths, The Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Mould, Bob 57 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Hüsker Dü Mounir, Mohamed 48 Moyet, Alison 65 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Mraz, Jason 52 Mtukudzi, Oliver 57 Mullins, Rich 35 Mullins, Shawn 33 Mulvey, Peter 59 Musiq 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Naess, Leona 46 Najma 39 Nascimento, Milton 6 Ndegéocello, Me’Shell 18 Near, Holly 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Neil, Fred 42 Nelson, Rick 2 Nelson, Willie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Nevil, Robbie 61 Newbury, Mickey 44 Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Newsom, Joanna 61 Nicks, Stevie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Fleetwood Mac Nile, Willie 31 Nilsson, Harry 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Norman, Bebo 58 Norman, Larry 42 Nova, Heather 30 Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The Nyro, Laura 12 O’Brien, Tim 39 Ocasek, Ric 5 Also see Cars, The Ocean, Billy 4 Ochs, Phil 7 O’Connor, Sinead 63 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Odetta 7

Osbourne, Ozzy 39 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Black Sabbath Oslin, K. T. 3 Overstreet, Paul 33 Owens, Buck 2 Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The Pagliaro, Michel 56 Paisley, Brad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 42 Palmer, Robert 2 Paris, Twila 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Parker, Graham 49 Parks, Van Dyke 17 Parnell, Lee Roy 15 Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Parton, Dolly 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Paul, Les 2 Paxton, Tom 5 Paycheck, Johnny 44 Peebles, Ann 30 Peniston, CeCe 15 Penn, Michael 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Perkins, Carl 9 Perry, Linda 38 Peterson, Michael 31 Petty, Tom 50 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Phair, Liz 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Phelps, Kelly Joe 36 Phillips, Sam 12 Phillips, Shawn 41 Pickett, Wilson 10 Pickler, Kellie 66 Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Plaskett, Joel 57 Pop, Iggy 23 Porter, Cole 10 Prettyman, Tristan 64 Prewitt, Archer 57 Price, Kelly 34 Price, Lloyd 25 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Oldham, Will 32

Prine, John 56 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Morgan, Craig 61

Olson, Carla 45

Professor Longhair 6

Orbison, Roy 2

Prophet, Chuck 32

Orton, Beth 26

Mayfield, Curtis 8

Morissette, Alanis 64 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Rabbitt, Eddie 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5

MC Breed 17

Moro 38

Mattea, Kathy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Mayer, John 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46

Osborne, Joan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Rafferty, Gerry 52

252 • Cumulative Subject Index

Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rambo, Dottie 60 Randall, Jon 58 Rankin, Kenny 66 Ray, Amy 65 Also see Indigo Girls Rea, Chris 12 Redding, Otis 5 Reddy, Helen 9 Redman, Matt 54 Reed, Lou 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Velvet Underground, The Reid, Antonio 44 Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Rhodes, Emitt 55 Rice, Chris 25 Rice, Damien 50 Rich, Charlie 3 Richards, Keith 11 Also see Rolling Stones, The Richey, Kim 20 Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Richman, Jonathan 12 Riley, Billy Lee 43 Riley, Teddy 14 Ritchie, Jean 4 Robbins, Marty 9 Roberts, Sam 59 Robertson, Robbie 2 Robillard, Duke 2 Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rodgers, Jimmie 3 Rodgers, Richard 9 Roe, Michael 41 Also see Seventy Sevens, The Rogers, Garnet 53 Rogers, Stan 61 Rollins, Henry 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Rosario 43 Rose, Tim 41 Ross, Don 65 Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen Rouse, Josh 42 Rowan, Peter 51 Rucker, Darius 66 Also see Hootie and the Blowfish Rusby, Kate 29 Russell, Mark 6

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Sangare, Oumou 22 Satriani, Joe 4 Scaggs, Boz 12 Scialfa, Patti 51 Scott, Darrell 54 Scott, Jill 63 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Scott-Heron, Gil 13 Scruggs, Earl 3 Scruggs, Randy 28 Seal 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Seals, Dan 9 Secada, Jon 13 Secola, Keith 45 Secret Machines 66 Sedaka, Neil 4 Seeger, Pete 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Weavers, The Seger, Bob 15 Segundo, Compay 45 Setzer, Brian 32 Sexsmith, Ron 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Sexton, Martin 41 Shakira 59 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Shannon, Del 10 Sharpe, Ray 53 Sheik, Duncan 32 Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Shenandoah, Joanne 33 Shepherd, Kenny Wayne 22 Shocked, Michelle 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Siberry, Jane 6 Sill, Judee 61 Silverstein, Shel 51 Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Slean, Sarah 65 Sledge, Percy 15 Smith, Elliott 28 Smith, Michael W. 11 Smith, Patti 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Smith, Will 62 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Also see DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince

Souther, J.D. 66 Spears, Britney 66 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Spektor, Regina 60 Springsteen, Bruce 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Stampley, Joe 51 Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Starr, Edwin 50 Starr, Garrison 38 Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Stefani, Gwen 63 Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stevens, Ray 7 Stevens, Sufjan 57 Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The St. James, Rebecca 26 Stockwood, Kim 26 Strait, George 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Straw, Syd 18 Also see Golden Palominos Strehli, Angela 58 Streisand, Barbra 35 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Stuart, Marty 9 Styne, Jule 21 Sudden, Nikki 59 Summer, Donna 12 Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Sure!, Al B. 13 Swan, Billy 60 Sweat, Keith 13 Sweet, Matthew 9 Sweet, Rachel 48 Swift, Taylor 65 Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Talmy, Shel 52 Taupin, Bernie 22

Tennison, Chalee 36 Terrell 32 Thicke, Robin 66 13th Floor Elevators 47 Thompson, Hank 43 Thompson, Linda 56 Thompson, Richard 7 Thornton, Big Mama 18 Tikaram, Tanita 9 Tilbrook, Glenn 51 Tillis, Mel 7 Tillis, Pam 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Tippin, Aaron 12 tobyMac 63 Tomlin, Chris 63 Tone-Loc 3 Toomey, Jenny 43 Also see Tsunami Torme, Mel 4 Tosh, Peter 3 Toussaint, Allen 11 Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The Tozzi, Umberto 64 Traoré, Boubacar 38 Travis 66 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Travis, Merle 14 Travis, Randy 61 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Treadmill Trackstar 21 Tricky 18 Tritt, Travis 54 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Trout, Walter 59 Trynin, Jen 21 Tubb, Ernest 4 Tucker, Tanya 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Tunstall, KT 61 Twain, Shania 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Twisted Sister 66 Twitty, Conway 6 2Pac 17 Also see Digital Underground Tyrell, Steve 52 Umphrey’s McGee 66 Underwood, Carrie 63 Unknown Hinson 62 Urban, Keith 44 Utada, Hikaru 62 Vai, Steve 5 Also see Whitesnake Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Vannelli, Gino 52

Snoop Dogg 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Solange 66

Taylor, Kate 30

Van Shelton, Ricky 5

Sager, Carole Bayer 5

Sondheim, Stephen 8

Van Zandt, Steven 29

Salem, Kevin 32

Songs: Ohia 49

Taylor, Koko 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Soraya 46

Taylor, Steve 26

South, Joe 59

Tenacious D 61

Vega, Suzanne 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Ryder, Mitch 23 Sade 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Van Ronk, Dave 12

Van Zandt, Townes 13

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cumulative Subject Index • 253

Venegas, Julieta 62 Veronicas, The 63 Vives, Carlos 38 Wachtel, Waddy 26 Wagoner, Porter 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Wainwright, Martha 65 Wainwright, Rufus 29 Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Walden, Narada Michael 14 Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Walker, T-Bone 5 Waller, Fats 7 Walsh, Joe 5 Also see Eagles, The Ward, M. 66 Wariner, Steve 18 Warren, Diane 21 Waters, Crystal 15 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Waters, Roger 61 Also see Pink Floyd Watley, Jody 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Watt, Mike 22 Wayne, Jimmy 66 Webb, Jimmy 12 Weepies, The 66 Weill, Kurt 12 Weiser, Ronny 58 Welch, Gillian 33 Weller, Paul 14 Werner, Susan 54 West, Dottie 8 West, Leslie 59 Westerberg, Paul 26 Wheeler, Cheryl 43 White, Jim 40 White, Karyn 21 White, Lari 15 Whitfield, Norman 66 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Whitley, Keith 7 Whitmore, William Elliott 66 Wilcox, David 38 Wildhorn, Frank 31 Williams, Dar 21 Williams, Deniece 1 Williams, Don 4 Williams, Hank, III 38 Williams, Hank, Jr. 1 Williams, Hank, Sr. 4 Williams, Lucinda 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Also see Beach Boys, The Wilson, Kim 48 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Winbush, Angela 15 Winehouse, Amy 61 Winter, Johnny 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Wirtz, Billy 62 Withers, Bill 54 Womack, Bobby 5 Wonder, Stevie 62 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wray, Link 17 Wrigley, Bernard 58 Wyatt, Robert 24 Wynette, Tammy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Yamagata, Rachael 66 Yearwood, Trisha 25 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Yoakam, Dwight 60 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Zappa, Frank 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Zawinul, Joe 63 Zevon, Warren 48 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Botti, Chris 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Bowie, Lester 29 Brown, Clifford 24 Bushkin, Joe 54 Cherry, Don 10 Coleman, Ornette 5 Dara, Olu 46 Davis, Miles 1 Douglas, Dave 29 Driscoll, Phil 45 Edison, Harry “Sweets” 29 Eldridge, Roy 9 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Ferguson, Maynard 7 Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Harrell, Tom 28 Hassell, Jon 43 Hawkins, Erskine 19 Hirt, Al 5 Isham, Mark 14 James, Harry 11 Jensen, Ingrid 22 Jones, Jonah 53 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Jones, Thad 19 Little, Booker 36 Loughnane, Lee 3 Lyttelton, Humphrey 66

Trombone

Matthews, Eric 22

Anderson, Ray 7 Bauer, Johannes 32 Bishop, Jeb 28 Brown, Lawrence 23 Colon, Willie 37 Fontana, Carl 47 Green, Urbie 36 Johnson, J.J. 33 Mandel, Johnny 28 Miller, Glenn 6 Priester, Julian 54 Ranelin, Phil 55 Rudd, Roswell 28 Teagarden, Jack 10 Turre, Steve 22 Winding, Kai 35

Mighty Mighty Bosstones 20

Williams, Paul 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Anthony, Ray 60

Vibraphone

Armstrong, Louis 4

Ayers, Roy 39

Acuff, Roy 2 Alsop, Marin 58 Anderson, Laurie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Barton Pine, Rachel 52 Bell, Joshua 21 Ben-Ari, Miri 49 Benedetti, Nicola 62 Bird, Andrew 46 Bonham, Tracy 34 Bromberg, David 18 Carter, Regina 22 Also see String Trio of New York Carthy, Eliza 31 Chang, Sarah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Chung, Kyung Wha 34 Clements, Vassar 18 Coleman, Ornette 5 Cugat, Xavier 23 Daniels, Charlie 6 Diamond, David 58 Doucet, Michael 8 Dubeau, Angèle 47 Galimir, Felix 36 Germano, Lisa 18 Gingold, Josef 6 Grappelli, Stephane 10 Haden, Petra 55 Also see Decemberists, The Also see Rentals, The Haendel, Ida 42 Hahn, Hilary 30 Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Haydn, Lili 46 Heifetz, Jascha 31 Huggett, Monica 50 Jenkins, Leroy 39 Josefowicz, Leila 35 Kang, Eyvind 28 Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Krauss, Alison 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Kremer, Gidon 30 Lamb, Barbara 19 Maazel, Lorin 46 Maric´, Ljubica 48 Marriner, Neville 7 Menuhin, Yehudi 11 Midori 7 Mutter, Anne-Sophie 23 O’Connor, Mark 1

Williams, Victoria 17

Baker, Chet 13

Willis, Wesley 51

Belgrave, Marcus 57

Burton, Gary 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Perlman, Itzhak 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Wills, Bob 6

Berigan, Bunny 2

Gibbs, Terry 35

Ponty, Jean-Luc 8

Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24

Blanchard, Terence 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Hampton, Lionel 6

Quint, Philippe 64

Jackson, Milt 15

Rieu, André 26

Trumpet Alcione 51 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Mandel, Johnny 28 Marsalis, Wynton 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Masekela, Hugh 7

Miles, Ron 22 Minton, Phil 29 Navarro, Fats 25 Oliver, King 15 Payton, Nicholas 27 Rodney, Red 14 Roney, Wallace 33 Sandoval, Arturo 62 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Severinsen, Doc 1 Shaw, Woody 27 Stan´ko, Tomasz 47 Terry, Clark 24 Truffaz, Erik 54

Tuba Butterfield, Don 62 Phillips, Harvey 3

Norvo, Red 12

Viola Menuhin, Yehudi 11 Van der Velden, Mieneke 55 Zukerman, Pinchas 4

Violin

254 • Cumulative Subject Index

Roumain, Daniel 54 Sahm, Doug 30 Also see Texas Tornados, The Salerno-Sonnenberg, Nadja 3

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Schroer, Oliver 29 Shaham, Gil 35 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Stern, Isaac 7 Tiersen, Yann 59 Vanessa-Mae 26 Whiteman, Paul 17

Williams, Claude “Fiddler” 42 Wills, Bob 6 Zukerman, Pinchas 4

Cumulative Musicians Index Volume numbers appear in bold

Adams, Oleta 17 Adams, Ryan 38 Also see Whiskeytown Adams, Steve See Rova Saxophone Quartet Adams, Terry See NRBQ Adams, Tim See Swell Adams, Tom See Blue Highway Adams, Victoria See Spice Girls Adams, Yolanda 23 Adamson, Barry 28 Adamson, Billy See Searchers, The Adamson, Stuart See Big Country Adcock, C.C. 52 Adcock, Eddie See Country Gentleman, The Adderley, Cannonball 15 Adderley, Julian See Adderley, Cannonball Adderley, Nat 29

Aaliyah 47 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Aaron See Mr. T Experience, The Abair, Mindi 48 Abba 12 Abbado, Claudio 32 Abbott, Gary See Kingsmen, The Abbott, Jacqueline See Beautiful South Abbott, Jude See Chumbawamba Abbott, Kris See Pursuit of Happiness, The Abbott, Pete See Average White Band Abbruzzese, Dave See Pearl Jam Abbuehl, Susanne 62 Abdul, Paula 3 Abercrombie, Jeff See Fuel

Ace of Base 22 Achor, James See Royal Crown Revue Acid, Eddie See Liquid Soul Ackerman, Will 3 Ackley, Bruce See Rova Saxophone Quartet Acland, Christopher See Lush Acosta, Adolpho See Tower of Power Acoustic Alchemy 38 Acuff, Roy 2 Acuna, Alejandro See Weather Report Adair, Daniel See 3 Doors Down Adam, Margie 39 Adam Again 61

Abercrombie, John 25

Adams, Alberta 57

Aberle, B.J. See Normals, The

Adams, Ben See A1

Abernathy, Barry See IIIrd Tyme Out

Adams, Billy See Dexy’s Midnight Runners

Abernathy, Patrick See Beulah Abner, Ewart 41

Adams, Bryan 61 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Aboitiz, Rodrigo See La Ley

Adams, Clifford See Kool & the Gang

Adkins, Ed See Derailers, The

Abong, Fred See Belly

Adams, Craig See Cult, The

Adkins, Hasil 49

Ahn, Angella See Ahn Trio

Abou-Khalil, Rabih 38

Adams, Donn See NRBQ

Adkins, Jim See Jimmy Eat World

Ahn, Elaine See Ida

Adkins, Mark See Guttermouth

Ahn, Lucia See Ahn Trio

Adkins, Trace 31

Abrahams, Mick See Jethro Tull Abrams, Bryan See Color Me Badd Abrams, Muhal Richard 37 Abrantes, Fernando See James Gang Abrantes, Fernando See Kraftwerk Abts, Matt See Gov’t Mule AC/DC 4

Adam Ant 13 Adamendes, Elaine See Throwing Muses

Adams, Greg See Tower of Power

Affuso, Rob See Skid Row Afghan Whigs 17 AFI 53 Afonso, Marie See Zap Mama Afro Celt Sound System 46 AFX See Aphex Twin Against Me! 63 Ag Alhabib, Ibrahim See Tinariwen Ag Alhousseyni, Abdallah See Tinariwen Agent, David See Club Nouveau Agius, Alfie See Fixx, The Agnew, Rikk See Christian Death Ag Touhami, Alhassane See Tinariwen Aguiar, Aloisio See Redbone Aguilar, Pepe 62

Adé, King Sunny 18

Aguilera, Christina 61 Earlier sketch in CM 30

Adebimpe, Tunde See TV on the Radio

Agust, Daniel See Gus Gus

Adès, Thomas 30

A-ha 22

Adewale, Segun 50

Ahmad, Salman See Junoon

Adams, Johnny 33

Adler, Larry 35

Ahn, Maria See Ahn Trio

Adams, John 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Adler, Lou 58

Ahn Trio 45

Adler, Steven See Guns n’ Roses

Aho, Susan See Väarttinä

Aereogramme 61

Aiken, Clay 60

Aerosmith 37 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Ainge, Gary See Felt

Afanasieff, Walter 26

Air Supply 22

Adams, Marianne See Sierra Adams, Mark See Specials, The Adams, Neil See Silly Wizard

255

Air 33

256 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Airey, Don See Rainbow Airport, Jak See X-Ray Spex Airto See Moreira, Airto Aitchison, Dominic See Mogwai Ajdinovic, Asim See Boban Markovic Orkestar Ajile See Arrested Development Akil See Jurassic 5 Akingbola, Sola See Jamiroquai Akins, Rhett 22 Akita, Masami See Merzbow Akiyoshi, Toshiko 38 Akon 61 Akuna, Sherwood See Love Alabama 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Alan, Chad See Juliana Theory, The Alan, David See SonicFlood Alan, Skip See Pretty Things, The Alarm 22 Alatorre, Eric See Chanticleer Albarn, Damon See Blur Also see Gorillaz Albarran, Ruben See Café Tacuba Alber, Matt See Chanticleer Alberstein, Chava 37 Albert, Alex See Project 86 Albert, Matt See eighth blackbird Albert, Nate See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Alberti, Dorona See KMFDM Albertine, Viviane See Slits, The Albertson, Ron See Liars Albini, Steve 15 Also see Shellac Albright, Gerald 62

See Beausoleil Alex See Mr. T Experience, The Alexakis, Art See Everclear Alexander, Arthur 14 Alexander, David See Lowest of the Low Alexander, Dottie See Of Montreal Alexander, George See Flamin’ Groovies Alexander, Gregg See New Radicals, The Alexander, Jules See Association, The Alexander, Monty 59 Alexander, Scot See Dishwalla Alexander, Ted See Saves the Day Alexander, Tim “Herb” See Primus Alexander, Tim See Asleep at the Wheel Alexander-Max, Susan 63 Alexisonfire 55 Alford, Zachary See B-52’s, The Ali See Tribe Called Quest, A Ali, Amin See Music Revelation Ensemble Alice in Chains 10 Alien Ant Farm 61 Alien Sex Fiend 23 Alisanovic, Sasa See Boban Markovic Orkestar Alkaline Trio 56 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Alkema, Jan Willem See Compulsion All Saints 25 All-American Rejects, The 59 Allan, Gary 41 Allcock, Martin See Fairport Convention Also see Jethro Tull Allen, April See C + C Music Factory Allen, Chad See Guess Who Allen, Daevid 28 Also see Gong Also see Soft Machine Allen, Danny See Youth Group

Allen, Geri 10 Allen, Harry 61 Allen, Jeff See Mint Condition Allen, Johnny Ray See Subdudes, The Allen, Kevin See ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Allen, Lee See Blasters, The Allen, Lily 66 Allen, Papa Dee See War Allen, Peter 11 Allen, Red See Osborne Brothers, The Allen, Richard “Pistol” See Funk Brothers Allen, Rick See Box Tops, The Allen, Rick See Def Leppard Allen, Rodney See Blue Aeroplanes, The Allen, Ross See Mekons, The Allen, Ryan See Thunderbirds are Now! Allen, Scott See Thunderbirds are Now! Allen, Terry 56 Allen, Verden “Phally” See Mott the Hoople Allen, Wally See Pretty Things, The Allender, Paul See Cradle of Filth All-4-One 17 Allien, Ellen 55 Allison, Joe 42 Allison, Luther 21

Albuquerque, Michael de See Electric Light Orchestra

Allen, Dave See Gang of Four

Allyson, Karrin 42

Alcione 51

Allen, Debbie 8

Alder, John See Gong Also see Pretty Things, The

Allen, Duane See Oak Ridge Boys, The

Alderete, Juan See Mars Volta, The Alesi, Tommy

Allison, Mose 17 Allison, Verne See Dells, The Allman, Chris See Greater Vision Allman, Duane See Allman Brothers, The Allman, Gregg See Allman Brothers, The Allman Brothers, The 6 Alloy Orchestra 51 Allred, Glen See Florida Boys, The Allsup, Michael Rand See Three Dog Night Almgren, Sara See (International) Noise Conspiracy

Almstead, Derek See Of Montreal Aloha 59 Alperin, Misha 64 Alpert, Herb 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Alphin, Kenny See Big & Rich Alphonso, Roland See Skatalites, The al-Sahir, Kadim See Sahir, Kadim alAlsing, Pelle See Roxette Alsop, Marin 58 Alston, Andy See Del Amitri Alston, Shirley See Shirelles, The Altan 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Altenfelder, Andy See Willem Breuker Kollektief Alter Bridge 64 Alvarado, Mario See Banda el Recodo Álvarez, Marcelo 45 Alvarez, Oscar See Banda el Recodo Alvin, Dave 17 Also see Blasters, The Also see X Alvin, Phil See Blasters, The Aly & AJ 63 Am, Svet See KMFDM Amadou & Mariam 49 Amante, Michael 61 Amato, Dave See REO Speedwagon Amayo See Antibalas Amber 40 Ambrosius, Marsha See Floetry Ambush, Scott See Spyro Gyra Amedee, Steve See Subdudes, The A-Mei 40 Ameling, Elly 24 Ament, Jeff See Pearl Jam America 16 America, Lenny See Sunset Valley American Hi-Fi 44 American Music Club 64 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Amerie 56 Ames, Ed 31

Allen, Eric See Apples in Stereo

Almond, Marc 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 29 Also see Soft Cell

Allen, Frank See Searchers, The

Almqvist, Howlin’ Pelle See Hives, The

Amici Forever 57

Ames, Kenny See Jason & the Scorchers Amico, Vinnie

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See moe. Amis, Danny See Los Straitjackets AMM 41 Ammons, Albert 53 Ammons, Gene 39 Amon, Robin See Pearls Before Swine Amon Duul II 62 Amorosi, Vanessa 37 Amos, Bob See Front Range Amos, Tori 42 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Anastacia 38 Anastasio, Trey 47 Also see Phish Anastasio, Trey See Phish ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead 54 Anderson, Alfa See Chic Anderson, Al See NRBQ Anderson, Andy See Cure, The Anderson, Bill 32 Anderson, Brett See Donnas, The Anderson, Brett See Suede Anderson, Cleave See Beck Anderson, Cleave See Blue Rodeo Anderson, Dave See Hawkwind Anderson, Emma See Lush Anderson, Ernestine 53 Anderson, Fred 32 Anderson, Gladstone See Skatalites, The Anderson, Ian See Jethro Tull Anderson, Jhelisa See Shamen, The Anderson, John 5 Anderson, John See Fugs, The Anderson, Jon See Yes Anderson, June 27 Anderson, Keith “Wolf” See Rebirth Brass Band Anderson, Keith 65 Anderson, Keith See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Anderson, Laurie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Anderson, Ray 7 Anderson, Reid See Bad Plus, The Anderson, Scott See Finger Eleven Anderson, Sean See Finger Eleven Anderson, Signe See Jefferson Airplane Anderson, Tai See Third Day Anderson, Wessell 42 Andersson, Benny See Abba Andersson, Henrik See Komeda Andersson, Karin See Knife, The Andes, Mark See Spirit Andes, Matt See Spirit Andes, Rachel See Spirit Andrade, Sergio See Lifehouse Andress, Tuck See Tuck & Patti Andrew, Angus See Liars Andrew, Patrick See PFR Andrew W.K. 46 Andrews, Barry See XTC Andrews, Bob See Brinsley Schwarz Andrews, Christopher See Mojave 3 Andrews, Jessica 34 Andrews, Julie 33 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Andrews, Laverne See Andrews Sisters, The Andrews, Mark See Dru Hill Also see Sisqó Andrews, Maxene See Andrews Sisters, The Andrews, Patty See Andrews Sisters, The Andrews, Revert See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Andrews Sisters, The 9 Andriano, Dan See Alkaline Trio Andrus, Sherman See Imperials, The Andrusco, Eugene See Starflyer 59

Anderson, Marian 8

Andrusco, Gene Emil Harvey See Adam Again

Anderson, Mel See Twisted Sister

Andy See Ex, The

Anderson, Pamela See Incognito

Andy, Bob See Paragons, The

Cumulative Musicians Index • 257

Andy, Horace See Massive Attack Angel, Ashley Parker See O-Town Angel, Eddie See Los Straitjackets Angel, Jerry See Blasters, The Angel Corpse 63 Angels & Airwaves 64 Anger, Darol See Turtle Island String Quartet Anggun 60 Angus, Colin See Shamen, The Animals, The 22 Anka, Paul 2 Anointed 21 Anonymous, Rodney See Dead Milkmen Anonymous 4 23 Anselmo, Philip See Pantera Ant, Adam See Adam Ant Anthony, Larry See Dru Hill Anthony, Marc 33 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Anthony, Michael See Massive Attack Anthony, Michael See Van Halen Anthony, Ray 60 Anthrax 41 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Antibalas 62 Antin, Jesse See Chanticleer Anton, Alan See Cowboy Junkies, The Antoni, Mark De Gli See Soul Coughing Antunes, Michael See Beaver Brown Band, The Anu, Christine 34 Anway, Susan See Magnetic Fields, The A1 41 Aphex Twin 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Apl.de.Ap See Black Eyed Peas Apollo 9 See Rocket from the Crypt Aponte, Charlie See El Gran Combo Appice, Vinnie See Black Sabbath

Appleton, Nicole See All Saints April, Johnny See Staind April Wine 43 Aqua 34 Aqua Velvets 23 Aquabats, The 22 Arab Strap 33 Araya, Tom See Slayer Arbulu, Shia See La Ley Archambault, Regent See La Bottine Souriante Archer, Al See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Archer, Gem See Oasis Archer, Richard See Hard-Fi Archers of Loaf 21 Archuleta, Moses See Deerhunter Arctic Monkeys 66 Arden, Jann 52 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Ardito, Douglas See Puddle of Mudd Ardolino, Tom See NRBQ Arellano, Rod See Aquabats, The Arena, Tina 21 Arends, Carolyn 45 Arentzen, Jamie See American Hi-Fi Argent, Rod See Zombies, The Argerich, Martha 27 Arias, Raymond See Ceili Rain Arjona, Ricardo 43 Arkenstone, David 40 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Arlen, Harold 27 Arm, Mark See Mudhoney Armaou, Lindsay See B*Witched Armatrading, Joan 4 Armerding, Jake See Northern Lights Armerding, Taylor See Northern Lights Armiger, Katie 66 Armik 41 Armstrong, Billie Joe See Green Day

Apple, Fiona 58 Earlier sketch in CM 28

Armstrong, Craig 62

Appleby, Jo See Amici Forever

Armstrong, Paul See Country Joe and the Fish

Apples in Stereo 30

Armstrong, Robbie See Royal Trux

Appleton, Natalie See All Saints

Armstrong, Louis 4

Armstrong, Rollo

258 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Faithless Armstrong, Tim See Rancid Armstrong, Vanessa Bell 24 Arnaz, Desi 8 Arni, Stefan See Gus Gus Arnold, Brad See 3 Doors Down Arnold, Eddy 10 Arnold, James See Four Lads, The Arnold, Kristine See Sweethearts of the Rodeo Arnott, John See Lowest of the Low Aronoff, Kenny 21 Aroy, Mira See Ladytron Aroyo, Mira See Ladytron Arrau, Claudio 1 Arreola, James See Los Palominos Arreola, Jesse See Los Palominos Arreola, Johnny See Los Palominos Arreola, Jorge See Los Palominos Arreola, Julio See Los Palominos Arrested Development 14 Arsenau, Ben See Boys Night Out Arsenault, Albert See Barachois Arsenault, Chuck See Barachois Arsenault, Louise See Barachois Arsenault-Bergeron, Helene See Barachois Arson, Nicholaus See Hives, The Art of Noise 22 Art Ensemble of Chicago, The 23 Arthur, Brian See Goldfinger Arthur, Davey See Fureys, The Arthur, Joseph 57 Arthurs, Paul “Bonehead” See Oasis Artifacts 23 Arzamastsev, Alexander See Bering Strait

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Verve, The Ashford, Jack See Funk Brothers Ashford, Rosalind See Martha and the Vandellas Ashhurst, Jimmy See Buckcherry Ashkenazy, Vladimir 32 Ashley, Bob See Guess Who Ashton, John See Psychedelic Furs Ashton, Nick See Northwoods Improvisers Ashton, Susan 17 Asia 63 Asian Dub Foundation 30 Asleep at the Wheel 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Assad, Badi 36 Association, The 59 Astbury, Ian See Cult, The Asthana, Shivika See Papas Fritas Astley, Rick 5 Aston, Jay “J” See Gene Loves Jezebel Aston, Michael See Gene Loves Jezebel Astro See UB40 Asuo, Kwesi See Arrested Development Aswad 34 At The Drive-In 32 Atari Teenage Riot 27 Ataris, The 62 A*Teens 36 Aterciopelados 38 Atkins, Chet 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Atkins, Erica See Mary Mary Atkins, Juan 52 Atkins, Martin See Killing Joke Also see Pigface Atkins, Tina See Mary Mary Atkins, Victor “Red” See Los Hombres Calientes Atkinson, Lyle See Brave Combo Atkinson, Paul See Zombies, The Atkinson, Sweet Pea See Was (Not Was)

Atwater, Aubrey See Atwater-Donnelly Atwater-Donnelly 53 Audio Adrenaline 53 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Audioslave 56 Auerbach, Dan See Black Keys, The Auf Der Maur, Melissa See Smashing Pumpkins Also see Hole Auge, Jymn See His Name Is Alive Auger, Brian 63 Augustyniak, Jerry See 10,000 Maniacs Auldridge, Mike 4 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Also see Seldom Scene, The Austin, Cuba See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Austin, Dallas 16 Austin, Kenneth See Rebirth Brass Band Austin, Patti 47 Austin, Sherrié 34 Austral, Florence 26 Autechre 62 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Automatic, The 63 Autry, Gene 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Autumn Defense, The 64 Avalon 26 Avalon, Frankie 5 Avant 54 Ævar, Ágúst See Sigur Rós Average White Band 38 Averre, Berton See Knack, The Avery, Brad See Third Day Avery, Eric See Jane’s Addiction Avery, Teodross 23 Avila, John See Oingo Boingo Avory, Mick See Kinks, The Also see Rolling Stones, The Ax, Emanuel 65 Axelrod, David 34 Axelrod, Victor See Antibalas Axelson, Eric See Dismemberment Plan Axton, Hoyt 28

Also see Soft Machine Ayers, Roy 39 Aykroyd, Dan See Blues Brothers, The Ayler, Albert 19 Ayres, Ben See Cornershop AZ 44 Azmat, Ali See Junoon Aznavour, Charles 45 Azorr, Chris See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Aztec Camera 22 B., Craig See Aereogramme B, Daniel See Front 242 B. Stille See Nappy Roots Baah, Reebop Kwaku See Can Also see Traffic Baatin See Slum Village Babatunde, Don See Last Poets Babbington, Roy See Soft Machine Babbitt, Bob See Funk Brothers Babes in Toyland 16 Babjak, James See Smithereens, The Babu See Dilated Peoples Babydaddy See Scissor Sisters Babyface See Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” Baca, Susana 32 Bacchus, Richard See D Generation Bach, Leroy See Wilco Bach, Sebastian See Skid Row Bachar, Carmit See Pussycat Dolls, The

Ash, Daniel See Bauhaus Also see Love and Rockets

Atmosphere 63

Axton, Mae 53

Atom See Rocket from the Crypt

Aya See Blue Six

Bachman, Robbie See Bachman-Turner Overdrive

Ashanti 65 Earlier sketch in CM 45

Atomic Fireballs, The 27

Ayala, Paco See Molotov

Ash 34

Ashcroft, Richard 55 Also see Verve, The Ashcroft, Richard

ATR See Boredoms, The Attisso, Barthelemy See Orchestra Baobab

Bacharach, Burt 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bachman, Eric See Archers of Loaf Bachman, Randy See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Also see Guess Who

Bachman, Tim See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Bachman-Turner Overdrive 50

Ayers, Kevin 58

Bacilos 48

Ayers, Kevin See Gong

Backstreet Boys 21 Backus, Donald “Gus”

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Del Vikings, The Bad Brains 16 Bad Company 22 Bad Religion 28 Badalamenti, Angelo 17 Badfinger 23 Badger, Pat See Extreme Bad Livers, The 19 Badly Drawn Boy 33 Badoux, Gwen See Les Négresses Vertes Badowski, Henry See Damned, The Bad Plus, The 49 Badrena, Manolo See Spyro Gyra Also see Weather Report Badu, Erykah 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Baechle, Clark See Faint, The Baechle, Todd See Faint, The Baez, Joan 1 Bagarozzi, Chris See Down By Law Bagayoko, Amadou See Amadou & Mariam Baggs, Perry See Jason & the Scorchers Baha Men 32 Bailey, Chris See Saints, The Bailey, Derek 40 Bailey, John “Buddy” See Clovers, The Bailey, Keith See Gong Bailey, Mildred 13 Bailey, Pearl 5 Bailey, Phil See Earth, Wind and Fire Bailey, Tom See Thompson Twins Bailey, Victor See Urban Knights Also see Weather Report Bailon, Adrienne See 3LW Bain, Jimmy See Rainbow Bain, Pete See Spacemen 3 Bainbridge, Harvey See Hawkwind Baines, Nick See Kaiser Chiefs

Baker, Dale See Sixpence None the Richer Baker, David See Mercury Rev Baker, Ginger 16 Also see Cream Also see Hawkwind Baker, James See Hoodoo Gurus Baker, Janet 14 Baker, Jon See Charlatans, The Baker, Josephine 10 Baker, LaVern 25 Baker, Victor See Liquid Soul Baker, Wilson See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Baksh, Dave “Brownsound” See Sum 41 Balakrishnan, David See Turtle Island String Quartet Balanescu, Alexander See Spiritualized Balch, Bob See Fu Manchu Balch, Michael See Front Line Assembly Baldassari, Butch 43 Balderrama, Robert “Bobby” See ? and the Mysterians Baldes, Kevin See Lit Baldry, Long John 51 Baldursson, Sigtryggur See Sugarcubes, The Baldwin, Donny See Starship Bales, Kevin See Spiritualized Balfa, Christine See Balfa Toujours Balfa, Dewey 49 Balfa Toujours 54 Baliardo, Diego See Gipsy Kings, The Baliardo, Paco See Gipsy Kings, The Baliardo, Tonino See Gipsy Kings, The Balin, Marty See Jefferson Airplane Ball, Dave See Soft Cell Ball, Ian See Gomez Ball, Marcia 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Baker, Anita 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Ball, Michael 43

Cumulative Musicians Index • 259

Ballew, Chris See Presidents of the United States of America, The Balsamo, Terry See Cold Balsamo, Terry See Evanescence Balsley, Phil See Statler Brothers, The Baltes, Peter See Dokken Baltimore, Charli 54 Balzano, Vinnie See Less Than Jake Bambaataa, Afrika 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Bamonte, Perry See Cure, The Bananarama 22 Bancroft, Cyke See Bevis Frond Band, The 9 Banda el Recodo 56 Bang, Billy See String Trio of New York Bang on a Can All-Stars 52 Bangalter, Thomas See Daft Punk Bangles, The 22 Bangs, Lester 44 Banhart, Devendra 52 Banks, Lloyd 60 Banks, Nick See Pulp Banks, Paul See Interpol Banks, Peter See Yes Banks, Tony See Genesis Banner, David 58 Banton, Buju 35 Banton, Hugh See Van der Graaf Generator Bapa, Alexander See Huun-Huur-Tu Bapa, Sayan See Huun-Huur-Tu Barachois 53 Baratto, Krys See Great White Barbarossa, Dave See Republica Barbata, John See Jefferson Starship Barber, Don See Northwoods Improvisers Barber, Keith See Soul Stirrers, The

Barbot, Bill See Jawbox Bardens, Peter See Camel Bardo Pond 28 Bare, Bobby 48 Bareilles, Sara 64 Barenaked Ladies 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Barenberg, Russ 63 Barenboim, Daniel 30 Bargeld, Blixa See Einstürzende Neubauten Bargeron, Dave See Blood, Sweat and Tears Barham, Meriel See Lush Barile, Jo See Ventures, The Barjed, Mattias See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Barker, Andrew See 808 State Barker, Paul See Ministry Barker, Travis Landon See Aquabats, The Also see Blink 182 Barksdale, Charles See Dells, The Barlow, Andy See Lamb Barlow, Barriemore See Jethro Tull Barlow, Bruce See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Barlow, Lou 20 Also see Dinosaur Jr. Also see Folk Implosion, The Also see Sebadoh Barlow, Tommy See Aztec Camera Barnes, Brandon See Rise Against Barnes, Danny See Bad Livers, The Barnes, Don See .38 Special Barnes, Jeffrey See Brave Combo Barnes, Jeremy See Neutral Milk Hotel Barnes, Jimmy See Cold Chisel Barnes, Kevin See Of Montreal Barnes, Micah See Nylons, The

Barber, Patricia 40

Baker, Arthur 23

Ball, Roger See Average White Band

Baker, Bobby See Tragically Hip, The

Ballance, Laura See Superchunk

Barbero, Lori See Babes in Toyland

Baker, Brian See Bad Religion

Ballard, Florence See Supremes, The

Barbieri, Gato 22

Barnes, Nina See Of Montreal

Baker, Chet 13

Ballard, Hank 17

Barbirolli, Lady Evelyn See Rothwell, Evelyn

Barnes, Prentiss See Moonglows, The

Barber, Samuel 34

Barnes, Neil See Leftfield

260 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Barnes, Roosevelt “Booba” 23 Barnett, Amanda See Ditty Bops, The Barnett, Mandy 26 Barnwell, Duncan See Simple Minds Barnwell, Ysaye Maria See Sweet Honey in the Rock Barocas, Zach See Jawbox Barr, Al See Dropkick Murphys Barr, Jess See Slobberbone Barr, Ralph See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Barradas, Miggy See Divine Comedy, The Barra MacNeils, The 48 Barre, Martin See Jethro Tull Barrere, Paul See Little Feat Barret, Charlie See Fixx, The Barreto, Alex See Alien Ant Farm Barrett, Aaron See Reel Big Fish Barrett, Dicky See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Barrett, Howard See Paragons, The Barrett, Mike See Lettermen, The Barrett, Robert “T-Mo” See Goodie Mob Barrett, Syd 37 Also see Pink Floyd Barrett, Tina See S Club 7 Barretto, Ray 37 Barrick, Matt See Walkmen, The Barrino, Fantasia 61 Barron, Christopher See Spin Doctors Barron, Kenny 37 Barrow, Geoff See Portishead Barrueco, Manuel 39 Barry, Grant See Reel Big Fish Barry, John 29 Barry, Mark See BBMak Barson, Mike See Madness

Bartholomew, Simon See Brand New Heavies, The Bartoli, Cecilia 51 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Barton, Lou Ann See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Barton, Rick See Dropkick Murphys Barton Pine, Rachel 52 Bartos, Karl See James Gang Bartos, Karl See Kraftwerk Barzelay, Eef See Clem Snide Basehead 11 Basement Jaxx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Basher, Mick See X Basia 5 Basie, Count 2 Bass, Colin See Camel Bass, Fontella 49 Bass, Lance See ’N Sync Bass, Ralph 24 Bastida, Ceci (Cecilia) See Tijuana No! Batchelor, Kevin See Big Mountain Also see Steel Pulse Batel, Beate See Einstürzende Neubauten Bateman, Bill See Blasters, The Bates, Stuart “Pinkie” See Divine Comedy, The Batiste, David See Meters, The Batiste, Lionel See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Batoh, Masaki See Ghost Also see Pearls Before Swine Battin, Skip See Byrds, The Battle, John See Fairfield Four Battle, Kathleen 6 Battle, Phyllis See Fifth Dimension Battlefield Band, The 31 Batty, Cody See Fugs, The Baucom, Terry See IIIrd Tyme Out

Baum, Kevin See Chanticleer Baumann, Peter See Tangerine Dream Baumgartner, Pit See De Phazz Bautista, Roland See Earth, Wind and Fire Baxter, Adrian See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Baxter, Jeff See Doobie Brothers, The Baxter, Les 47 Baxter, Steve See Daniel Amos Bayer Sager, Carole See Sager, Carole Bayer Bayliss, Brendan See Umphrey’s McGee Bayliss, Michael See Saints, The Baylor, Helen 20 Baylor, Marcus See Yellowjackets Baynton-Power, David See James Bays, Steve See Hot Hot Heat Bazan, David See Pedro the Lion Bazilian, Eric See Hooters Bazz, John See Blasters, The BBMak 38 Be Good Tanyas 48 Beach House 65 Beach Boys, The 1 Beale, Michael See Earth, Wind and Fire Beamer, Keola 43 Beard, Annette See Martha and the Vandellas Beard, Frank See ZZ Top Beasley, Les See Florida Boys, The Beasley, Paul See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Beastie Boys 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Beat Farmers 23

Bartek, Steve See Oingo Boingo

Bauer, Johannes 32

Beausoleil 37

Bauer, Judah See Jon Spencer Blues Explosion

Beautiful South 19

Bartels, Joanie 13 Barth, Bruce 50 Barth, Molly See eighth blackbird Barthol, Bruce See Country Joe and the Fish

Bauer, Peter See Walkmen, The Bauermeister, Chris See Jawbreaker Bauhaus 27

Bechet, Sidney 17 Beck 65 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Beck, Jeff 4 Also see Yardbirds, The Beck, William See Ohio Players Beckenstein, Jay See Spyro Gyra Becker, Joseph See Loud Family, The Becker, Margaret 31 Becker, Walter See Steely Dan Beckett, Peter See Player Beckford, Andrew “Bees” See Black Uhuru Beckford, Theophilus See Skatalites, The Beckley, Gerry See America Bedassie, Andrea See Stereo MC’s Beddoe, Rich See Finger Eleven Bedeau, Curt (Curt-t-t) See Full Force Bedford, Mark See Madness Bedingfield, Daniel 62 Bedouin Soundclash 58 Beech, Wes See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Beecham, Thomas 27 Bee Gees, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Beenie Man 33 Beers, Garry Gary See INXS Bega, Lou 36 Begs See Les Négresses Vertes Behler, Chuck See Megadeth Beiderbecke, Bix 16 Beiser, Maya See Bang on a Can All-Stars

Beat Happening 28

Bejar, Daniel See Destroyer Also see New Pornographers, The

Beatles, The 2

Belafonte, Harry 8

Beau Brummels 39

Belanger, George See Christian Death

Beauford, Carter See Dave Matthews Band

Beauvoir, Jean See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics

Beldon, Bob 62 Belew, Adrian 61 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see King Crimson Belfield, Dennis See Three Dog Night

Beaver Brown Band, The 3

Belgrave, Marcus 57

Bechdel, John See Fear Factory

Belitsky, Mike See Pernice Brothers

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Also see Sadies, The Belk, Darren See Wedding Present, The Bell, Andy See Erasure Also see Oasis Also see Ride Bell, Brian See Weezer Bell, Burton C. See Fear Factory Bell, Carl See Fuel Bell, Chris See Big Star Bell, Chris See Gene Loves Jezebel Bell, Chris See Thompson Twins Bell, Derek See Chieftains, The Bell, Eric See Thin Lizzy Bell, Jayn See Sounds of Blackness Bell, John See Widespread Panic Bell, Joshua 21 Bell, Melissa See Soul II Soul Bell, Richard See Blue Aeroplanes, The Bell, Robert “Kool” See Kool & the Gang Bell, Taj See Charm Farm Bell, Trent See Chainsaw Kittens, The Bell X1 64 Belladonna, Joey See Anthrax Bellamy, Anthony See Redbone Bellamy, David See Bellamy Brothers, The Bellamy, Howard See Bellamy Brothers, The Bellamy, Matthew See Muse Bellamy Brothers, The 13

Cumulative Musicians Index • 261

Belton, Ian See Brodsky Quartet Beltrán, Lola 48 Beltrán, Tito 28 Belushi, John See Blues Brothers, The Bement, Dwight See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Ben Folds Five 20 Benante, Charlie See Anthrax Ben-Ari, Miri 49 Benatar, Pat 8 Benchetrit, Ohad See Broken Social Scene Benckert, Vicki See Roxette Bender, Ariel See Mott the Hoople Benedetti, Nicola 62 Benedict, Scott See Pere Ubu Benét, Eric 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Benett, Graham See Rainbow Ben Geloune, Latfi See Orchestra Baobab Bengry, Peter See Cornershop Benitez, Jellybean 15 Benjamin, Andre “Dre” See OutKast Benjamin, William “Benny” See Funk Brothers Bennett, Brian See Shadows, The Bennett, Estelle See Ronettes, The Bennett, Gary See BR5-49 Bennett, Jay See Wilco Bennett, Patricia See Chiffons, The Bennett, Ronnie See Ronettes, The Bennett, Tony 61 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Benson, Ray See Asleep at the Wheel Benson, Renaldo “Obie” See Four Tops, The Benson, Wayne See IIIrd Tyme Out Bentley, Dierks 56 Bentley, Jay See Circle Jerks Also see Bad Religion Bentley, John See Squeeze Benton, Brook 7 Bentyne, Cheryl See Manhattan Transfer, The Berenyi, Miki See Lush Beres, Jeff See Sister Hazel Berg, Matraca 16 Berg, Moe See Pursuit of Happiness, The Berg, Ron See Savoy Brown Berge, Chuck See Rainbow Berge, Svein See Röyksopp Bergeson, Ben See Aquabats, The Berggren, Jenny See Ace of Base Berggren, Jonas See Ace of Base Berggren, Linn See Ace of Base Berggren, Wes See Tripping Daisy Bergman, Alan and Marilyn 30 Bergmark, Christina See Wannadies, The Berigan, Bunny 2 Bering Strait 57 Berio, Luciano 32 Berkely, Anthony (Poetic the Grym Reaper) See Gravediggaz Berko, Ivan See Love as Laughter

Bernal, Steve See Poi Dog Pondering Berndt, Jay See Kilgore Bernstein, Elmer 36 Bernstein, Leonard 2 Berry, Bill See R.E.M. Berry, Chuck 33 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Berry, Jan See Jan & Dean Berry, John 17 Berry, Robert See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Berry, Roy See Lucero Berry, Shaun See Los Lonely Boys Berryhill, Bob See Surfaris, The Berryman, Guy See Coldplay Bert, Bob See Sonic Youth Beschta, Scott See Promise Ring, The Bess, Chris See Southern Culture on the Skids Bessant, Jack See Reef Best, Brent See Slobberbone Best, Nathaniel See O’Jays, The Best, Pete See Beatles, The Beta Band, The 27 Betha, Mason See Mase Bethea, Ken See Old 97’s

Berkowitz, Daisy See Marilyn Manson

Bettie Serveert 17

Berlin 62

Belle and Sebastian 28

Bennett-Nesby, Ann See Sounds of Blackness

Bellinger, Dennis See Grand Funk Railroad

Benning, Sadie See Le Tigre

Berlin, Liz See Rusted Root

Bello, Elissa See Go-Go’s, The

Bennington, Chester See Linkin Park

Bello, Frank See Anthrax

Benoit, David 40 Also see Rippingtons

Berlin, Steve See Blasters, The Also see Los Lobos

Bello, Frank See Gaelic Storm

Benoit, Tab 31

Bellson, Louie 66

Benson, Brendan See Raconteurs, The

Belle, Regina 45 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Belly 16 Belove, David See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir

Benson, Brendan 55

Berlin, Irving 8

Berline, Byron See Dillards, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Bermúdez, Obie 63

Bethea, Ken See Old 97’s Bettencourt, Nuno See Extreme Better Than Ezra 19 Bettini, Tom See Jackyl Betts, Dicky See Allman Brothers, The Beulah 48 Bevan, Alonza See Kula Shaker Bevan, Bev See Black Sabbath Also see Electric Light Orchestra Bever, Pete See Workhorse Movement, The

Bernal, Eloy See Conjunto Bernal

Bevis Frond 23

Benson, George 9 Benson, Jessica See 3LW

Bernal, Paulino See Conjunto Bernal

Bezozi, Alan See Dog’s Eye View

Bey, Andy 45

262 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

B-52’s, The 49 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bhag-dad-a, Omar See Lane, Fred Biafra, Jello 18 Also see Dead Kennedys Bibey, Alan See IIIrd Tyme Out Bidini, Dave See Rheostatics Bidwell, Dave See Savoy Brown Big Audio Dynamite 18 Big Bad Voodoo Daddy 38 Big Bank Hank See Sugarhill Gang Big Country 49 Big Head Todd and the Monsters 20 Big Mike See Geto Boys, The Big Money Odis See Digital Underground Big Mountain 23 Big Paul See Killing Joke Big Punisher 43 Big Star 36 Big V See Nappy Roots Big Youth 43 Big & Rich 57 Biger, Guenole See Les Négresses Vertes Bigham, John See Fishbone Big Tymers, The 42 Bilk, Acker 47 Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings 26 Billingham, Mickey See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Bingham, John See Fishbone Bin Hassan, Umar See Last Poets Binks, Les See Judas Priest Binns, Henry See Zero 7

Birmingham, Mark See Saints, The Birtwistle, Harrison 38 Biscuits, Chuck See Circle Jerks Also see Danzig Also see D.O.A. Also see Social Distortion Bishop, Elvin 41 Bishop, Jeb 28 Also see Flying Luttenbachers, The Bishop, Matt See Switches Bishop, Michael See Gwar Bishop, Steven See Powderfinger Bitney, Dan See Tortoise Bitts, Mike See Innocence Mission, The Bixler, Cedric See At The Drive-In Bixler, Solon See Earlimart Bixler Zavala, Cedric See Mars Volta, The Biz Markie 10 Bizarre See D12

Biondo, Eric See Antibalas

Black, Jack See Tenacious D

Biondo, George See Steppenwolf

Black, James See Finger Eleven

Blair, Ron See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers

Birch, Rob See Stereo MC’s

Black, Jet See Stranglers, The

Blair, Zach See Rise Against

Birchfield, Benny See Osborne Brothers, The

Black, Jimmy Carl “India Ink” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Blake, Eubie 19 Blake, Katharine See Mediaeval Baebes

Bloom, Luka 14

Black, Jully 64

Blake, Norman 47

Black, Lori See Melvins

Blake, Norman See Swizz Beatz

Blount, Herman “Sonny” See Sun Ra

Black, Lorne See Great White

Blake, Norman See Teenage Fanclub

Black, Mary 15

Blake, Ran 38

Blue, Sam See Ultravox

Black, Robert See Bang on a Can All-Stars

Blake, Tim See Gong

Blue, Vicky See Runaways, The

Bird See Parker, Charlie Bird, Andrew 46 Birdsong, Cindy See Supremes, The Birdstuff See Man or Astroman? Birgisson, Jón Pór See Sigur Rós

BizzyBone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Bjelland, Kat See Babes in Toyland Bjerregard, Marty See Saints, The Bjork, Brant See Fu Manchu Björk 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Sugarcubes, The Black, Bobby See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Black, Clint 53 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Black, Frank 14 Also see Pixies, The

Black, Tommy See Paloalto Black, Vic See C + C Music Factory Black Eyed Peas 45 Black Flag 22 Black 47 37 Black Francis See Black, Frank Black Rebel Motorcycle Club 58 Black Sabbath 9 Black Sheep 15 Black Thought See Roots, The Black Uhuru 41 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Blackalicious 39 Blackburn, Paul See Gomez Black Crowes, The 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 7 BlackHawk 21 Blackinton, Ryland See Cobra Starship Black Keys, The 64 Blackman, Cindy 15 Blackman, Nicole See Golden Palominos Blackman, Tee-Wee See Memphis Jug Band Blackmon, Larry See Cameo Blackmore, Ritchie See Deep Purple Also see Rainbow Blackstreet 23 Blackwell, Ben See Dirtbombs, The Blackwell, Chris 26 Blackwell, Ed 55 Blackwell, Otis 57 Blackwood, Sarah See Dubstar Blackwood, Terry See Imperials, The Bladd, Stephen Jo See J. Geils Band Blades, Rubén 58 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Blakely, Paul See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Blakey, Art 11 Blakey, Colin See Waterboys, The Blanchard, Terence 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Bland, Bobby “Blue” 12 Bland, Chris See Vigilantes of Love Blasters, The 41 Blatt, Melanie See All Saints Bleek, Memphis 56 Blegen, Jutith 23 Blegvad, Peter 28 Blessid Union of Souls 20 Bley, Carla 65 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Golden Palominos Bley, Paul 14 Blige, Mary J. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Blind Melon 21 Blink 182 27 Bliss, Lang See Ceili Rain Bloc Party 62 Bloch, Alan See Concrete Blonde Bloch, Kurt See Fastbacks, The Block, Ken See Sister Hazel Block, Norman See Rasputina Block, Rory 18 Blocker, Joe See Love Blonde Redhead 50 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Blondie 27 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Blondin, Dan See Samples Blondy, Alpha 40 Blood, Dave See Dead Milkmen Blood, Johnny See Magnetic Fields, The Blood, Sweat and Tears 7 Bloodhound Gang, The 31 Bloom, Eric See Blue Oyster Cult Bloomfield, Michael 40

Blue, Buddy See Beat Farmers

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Blue Highway 41 Blue Man Group 44 Blue Mountain 38 Blue October 61 Blue Oyster Cult 16 Blue Rodeo 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Blue Six 64 Blue Sky Boys 46 Blue Aeroplanes, The 39 Bluechel Jr., Ted See Association, The Bluegrass Patriots 22 Blues, Elwood See Blues Brothers, The Blues, “Joliet” Jake See Blues Brothers, The Blues Traveler 15 Blues Brothers, The 3 Bluetones, The 29 Bluiett, Hamiet 45 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Blunda, Andy See Paloalto Blunstone, Colin See Zombies, The Blunt, James 63 Blunt, John See Searchers, The Blunt, Martin See Charlatans, The Blur 45 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Blythe, Arthur See Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Blythe, Geoffrey See Black 47 Blythe, Jeff See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Boards of Canada 44 Bob, Tim See Rage Against the Machine Boban Markovic Orkestar 62 Bobe, Andrés See La Ley Bobo, William See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Bocelli, Andrea 59 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Böcker, Eva See Ensemble Modern BoDeans, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Bodine, Michelle See Brainiac Bøe, Eirik See Kings of Convenience

Cumulative Musicians Index • 263

Boff, Richard See Chumbawamba Bofill, Angela 57 Bogaert, Jo See Technotronic Bogart, Mike See Tower of Power Bogdan, Henry See Helmet Boggs, Dock 25 Boggs, Tom See Box Tops, The Bogguss, Suzy 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Bogie, Stuart See Antibalas Bogios, Jim See Counting Crows Bogle, Bob See Ventures, The Bohannon, Jim See Pearls Before Swine Bohay-Nowell, Victor Dudley See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Bolade Casel, Nitanju See Sweet Honey in the Rock Bolan, Marc See T. Rex Bolan, Rachel See Skid Row Bolcom, William 54 Bold, Thomas See Chanticleer Bolick, Bill See Blue Sky Boys Bolick, Earl See Blue Sky Boys Bolin, Tommy See James Gang Bolles, Don See Germs, The Bolling, Claude 49 Bolooki, Cyrus See New Found Glory Bolton, Dan See Supersuckers Bolton, Michael 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Boltz, Ray 33 Bon Jovi 34 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Bonamy, James 21 Bond 43 Bond, Johnny 28 Bondy, Gavin See Musiq Bone Thugs-N-Harmony 18 Bonebrake, D. J. See X

See Bon Jovi Bonnar, Graham See Swervedriver Bonnecaze, Cary See Better Than Ezra Bonner, Leroy “Sugarfoot” See Ohio Players Bonney, Barbara 33 Bono, Sonny See Sonny and Cher Bono See U2 Bonsall, Joe See Oak Ridge Boys, The Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band 30 Booher, Chris See Asleep at the Wheel Booker, James 62 Booker T. & the M.G.’s 24 Books See Das EFX Boom Boom, Mahatma See Rube Waddell Boon, D. See Minutemen, The Boone, Debby 46 Boone, Pat 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Boone, Steve See Lovin’ Spoonful Boo Radleys, The 21 Booth, Sean See Autechre Booth, Tim See James Boquist, Dave See Son Volt Boquist, Jim See Son Volt Borchardt, Jeffrey See Velvet Crush Bordeleau, Michel See La Bottine Souriante Borden, B.B. See Molly Hatchet Bordin, Mike See Faith No More Boredoms, The 28 Borg, Bobby See Warrant Borge, Victor 19 Borger, Jason See American Music Club Borjas, Larry See ? and the Mysterians Borland, Wes See Limp Bizkit Borowiak, Tony See All-4-One

Bostaph, Paul See Slayer Bostek, James See Atomic Fireballs, The Bostic-Summers, Yvette See Los Hombres Calientes Boston 11 Boston, Mark “Rockette Morton” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Bostrom, Derrick See Meat Puppets, The Botti, Chris 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Bottle Rockets 42 Botts, Mike See Bread Bottum, Roddy See Faith No More Also see Imperial Teen Bouchard, Albert See Blue Oyster Cult Bouchard, Joe See Blue Oyster Cult Bouchikhi, Chico See Gipsy Kings, The Boulanger, Nadia 56 Boulding, Bob See Young Dubliners Boulding, Pam (Pattison) See Magical Strings Boulding, Philip See Magical Strings Boulez, Pierre 26 Bourdon, Rob See Linkin Park Bouvier, Pierre See Simple Plan Bovine, Vinnie See Screeching Weasel Bow Wow 45

Bonfanti, Jim See Raspberries

Börtz, Daniel 52

Bowman, Steve See Counting Crows

Bonfiglio, Robert 36

Borzilova, Natasha See Bering Strait

Boeijin, Frank See Gathering, The

Bonham, John See Led Zeppelin

Bosé, Miguel 40

Boesel, Jason See Rilo Kiley

Bonham, Tracy 34

Bossard, Henry K. See Swan Silvertones, The

Bon Jovi, Jon

Boss Hog 29

Bowen, Jimmy See Country Gentlemen, The Bowens, Sir Harry See Was (Not Was) Bowery, Leigh See Minty Bowery, Nicole See Minty Bowes, Tom See Tower of Power Bowie, David 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Bowie, Lester 29 Also see Art Ensemble of Chicago, The Bowling for Soup 54 Bowman, James See Against Me!

Bown, Andy See Status Quo Box, Mick See Uriah Heep Boxcar Willie 41

264 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Box Tops, The 44 Boy Howdy 21 Boyd, Brandon See Incubus Boyd, Eadie See Del Rubio Triplets Boyd, Elena See Del Rubio Triplets Boyd, Liona 7 Boyd, Milly See Del Rubio Triplets Boyd, Will See Evanescence Boyer, Patrick See Northwoods Improvisers Boyes, Jim See Coope, Boyes & Simpson Boyle, Doug See Caravan Boys Night Out 63 Boyz II Men 15 Boyzone 40 Bozulich, Carla See Geraldine Fibbers Bozzio, Dale See Missing Persons Bozzio, Terry See Knack, The Also see Missing Persons Bracken, Ben See Northwoods Improvisers Brad 21 Brad Daddy X See Kottonmouth Kings Bradbury, John See Specials, The Bradbury, Randy See Pennywise Bradfield, James Dean See Manic Street Preachers Bradley, Jacob See Vigilantes of Love Bradley, Michael See Undertones, The Bradley, Robert See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Bradshaw, Kym See Saints, The Bradshaw, Tim See Dog’s Eye View Bradstreet, Rick See Bluegrass Patriots

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See My Morning Jacket Broken Social Scene 63 Brokop, Lisa 22 Brom, Marti 46 Bromberg, David 18 Bronfman, Yefim 6 Bronx, The 65 Brook, Rachel See Flying Saucer Attack Brooke, Jonatha 56 Also see Story, The Brooker, Gary See Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings Brooker, Nicholas “Natty” See Spacemen 3 Brookes, Jon See Charlatans, The Brookes, Steve See Jam, The Brookins, Steve See .38 Special Brooks, Arthur See Impressions, The Brooks, Baba See Skatalites, The Brooks, DJ See Citizen King Brooks, Garth 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Brooks, Hadda 43 Brooks, Kix See Brooks & Dunn Brooks, Leon Eric “Kix” III See Brooks & Dunn Brooks, Lonnie 54 Brooks, Meredith 30 Brooks, Richard See Impressions, The Brooks, Stuart See Dub Trio Brooks, Stuart See Pretty Things, The Brooks & Dunn 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Bragg, Billy 7

Brennan, Paul See Odds

Brevette, Lloyd See Skatalites, The Brewer, Don See Grand Funk Railroad BR5-49 35 Brickell, Edie 63 Earlier Sketch in CM 3 Brickman, Jim 22 Bridgeman, Noel See Waterboys, The Bridgewater, Dee Dee 18 Brigati, Eddie See Rascals, The Briggs, David See Pearls Before Swine Briggs, James Randall See Aquabats, The Briggs, Vic See Animals, The Bright, Garfield See Shai Bright, Ronnie See Coasters, The Bright, William See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Bright Eyes 42 Brightman, Jonathan See Buckcherry Brightman, Sarah 45 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Briley, Alex See Village People, The Brill, Rob See Berlin Brindley, Paul See Sundays, The Brinsley Schwarz 40 Brion, Jon 52 Brisebois, Danielle See New Radicals, The Bristol, Johnny 62 Britt, Michael See Lonestar Britten, Benjamin 15 Brittingham, Eric See Cinderella Brix See Fall, The Broadly, Whit See Paladins, The Broadnax, Willie See Fairfield Four Brock, Dave See Hawkwind Brock, Isaac See Modest Mouse Brock, Jesse See Lynn Morris Band

Bragg, Nicolass See Destroyer

Brennan, Pol See Clannad

Brockenborough, Dennis See Mighty Mighty Bosstones

Bragg, Todd See Caedmon’s Call

Brennan, Steve See Dexy’s Midnight Runners

Brockie, Dave See Gwar

Broussard, Russ See Continental Drifters

Braggs, Larry See Tower of Power

Brenner, Simon See Talk Talk

Brodsky Quartet 41

Brown, Alison 44

Brahem, Anouar 46

Breuker, Willem See Willem Breuker Kollektief

Broemel, Carl See My Morning Jacket

Brown, Amanda See Go-Betweens, The

Broemel, Carl

Brown, Bobby 4

Brady, Pat See Sons of the Pioneers Brady, Paul 8 Braff, Ruby 43

Brain, Matt

See Grapes of Wrath, The Brainiac 53 Braithwaite, Stuart See Mogwai Bramah, Martin See Fall, The Bramlett, Bekka See Fleetwood Mac Bramley, Clyde See Hoodoo Gurus Branca, Glenn 29 Branch, Michelle 47 Brancowitz, Laurent See Phoenix Brand New Heavies, The 14 Brandon, Ronnie See McCoys, The Brandt, Paul 22 Brandy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Branigan, Laura 2 Brann, Chris 63 Brannon, Kippi 20 Brant, Henry 39 Brantley, Junior See Roomful of Blues Brashear, Todd See Slint Bratke, Marcelo 52 Bratton, Creed See Grass Roots, The Brautbar, Jacques See Phantom Planet Brave Combo 31 Braxton, Anthony 12 Braxton, Toni 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Brazilian Girls 65 Bread 40 Breadman, Scott See Rippingtons B-Real See Cypress Hill Bream, Julian 9 Breaux, Jimmy See Beausoleil Brecker, Michael 29 Breeders 53 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Bregante, Merel See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Brendel, Alfred 23 Brennan, Ciaran See Clannad Brennan, Maire See Clannad

Broom, Bobby 38 Broonzy, Big Bill 13 Brother Ali 63 Brotherdale, Steve See Joy Division Also see Smithereens, The Brötzmann, Caspar 27 Brötzmann, Peter 26 Broudie, Ian See Lightning Seeds Broussard, Jules See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Broussard, Marc 63

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Brown, Brooks See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Brown, Bundy K. See Tortoise Brown, Carlinhos 32 Brown, Chris 64 Brown, Clarence “Gatemouth” 11 Brown, Clarence 58 Brown, Clifford 24 Brown, Dan K. See Fixx, The Brown, Danny Joe See Molly Hatchet Brown, Dan See Royal Trux Brown, Dennis 29 Brown, Deondra See 5 Browns, The Brown, Desirae See 5 Browns, The Brown, Donny See Verve Pipe, The Brown, Duncan See Stereolab Brown, Earle 41 Brown, Eddie “Bongo” See Funk Brothers Brown, Foxy 25 Brown, George See Kool & the Gang Brown, Gregory See 5 Browns, The Brown, Greg 56 Brown, Greg See Cake Brown, Harold See War Brown, Heidi See Treadmill Trackstar Brown, Ian 66 Also see Stone Roses, The Brown, James 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Brown, Jimmy See UB40 Brown, Junior 15 Brown, Lawrence 23 Brown, Marty 14 Brown, Melanie See Spice Girls Brown, Melody See 5 Browns, The Brown, Mick See Dokken Brown, Morris See Pearls Before Swine Brown, Norman 29 Brown, Norman See Mills Brothers, The

Brown, Robin See Cousteau Brown, Rob See Autechre Brown, Ruth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Brown, Ryan See 5 Browns, The Brown, Selwyn “Bumbo” See Steel Pulse Brown, Steven See Tuxedomoon Brown, Tim See Boo Radleys, The Brown, Tom See Gaelic Storm Brown, Tony 14 Browne, Ian See Matthew Good Band Browne, Jackson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Brownstein, Carrie See Sleater-Kinney Brownstone 21 Brubeck, Dave 8 Bruce, Aaron See Four Lads, The Bruce, Don See Jordanaires, The Bruce, Dustan See Chumbawamba Bruce, Jack See Cream Also see Golden Palominos Also see Soft Machine Bruce, Joseph Frank See Insane Clown Posse Bruel, Patrick 48 Bruford, Bill See King Crimson Also see Yes Brundtland, Torbjorn See Röyksopp Brunet, Andre See La Bottine Souriante Bruni, Carla 64 Bruno, Gioia See Exposé Bruschini, Angelo See Blue Aeroplanes, The Bruster, Thomas See Soul Stirrers, The Bryan, David See Bon Jovi Bryan, Karl See Skatalites, The

Cumulative Musicians Index • 265

Bryant, Junior See Ricochet Bryar, Bob See My Chemical Romance Bryck, Merl See Northern Pikes, The Brydon, Mark See Moloko Bryson, Bill See Desert Rose Band, The Bryson, David See Counting Crows Bryson, James See MercyMe Bryson, Peabo 11 Bryson, Wally See Raspberries Brzezicki, Mark See Big Country Also see Ultravox B2K 42 Bubba Sparxxx 48 Bublé, Michael 64 Bucciarelli, Eron See Hawthorne Heights Buchan, Walter See Exploited, The Buchan, William See Exploited, The Buchanan, Wallis See Jamiroquai Buchholz, Francis See Scorpions, The Buchignani, Paul See Afghan Whigs Buck, Mike See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Buck, Peter See Minus 5, The Buck, Peter See R.E.M. Buck, Robert See 10,000 Maniacs Buck 65 56 Buckcherry 65 Buckethead 34 Buckingham, Lindsey 66 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Fleetwood Mac Buckland, John See Coldplay Buckler, Ethan See Slint Buckler, Rick See Jam, The Buckley, Betty 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Buckley, Jeff 22

Burch, Rich See Jimmy Eat World Burchill, Charlie See Simple Minds Burden, Ian See Human League, The

Buckley, Tim 14 Buckner, David See Papa Roach

Burger, Rob See Tin Hat Trio

Buckner, Richard 31

Burgess, Paul See Camel Also see 10cc

Bryan, Mark See Hootie and the Blowfish

Brown, Paula See Giant Sand

Bryant, Elbridge See Temptations, The

Brown, Pete 62

Bryant, Jeff See Ricochet

Buckwheat Zydeco 34 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Bryant, Jimmy See Dixie Hummingbirds, The

Budgie See Siouxsie and the Banshees

Brown, Ray 21

Burch, Curtis See New Grass Revival, The

Burdon, Eric 14 Also see Animals, The Also see War

Brown, Oscar Jr. 56

Brown, Rahem See Artifacts

Buechner, Sara 53 Buell, Garett See Caedmon’s Call Buerstatte, Phil See White Zombie Buffalo Daughter 54 Buffalo Springfield 24 Buffalo Tom 18 Buffett, Jimmy 42 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bugz See D12 B¨hler, Urs See Il Divo Built to Spill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Buitrago, Héctor See Aterciopelados Bulgarian State Female Vocal Choir, The 10 Bulgin, Lascelle See Israel Vibration Bulloch, Martin See Mogwai Bullock, Craig “DJ Homicide” See Sugar Ray Bumbry, Grace 13 Bumpus, Cornelius See Doobie Brothers, The Bunch, Jon See Sense Field Bundrick, John “Rabbit” See Free Bunford, Huw “Bunf” See Super Furry Animals Bunker, Clive See Jethro Tull Bunkley, John See Atomic Fireballs, The Bunnell, Dewey See America Bunnett, Jane 37 Bunskoeke, Herman See Bettie Serveert Bunton, Emma 54 Also see Spice Girls Bunton, Jaleel See TV on the Radio

Burgess, Sonny 42 Burgess, Tim

266 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Charlatans, The Burgman, Richard See Saints, The Burke, Clem See Blondie Also see Romantics, The Burke, Solomon 36 Burkum, Tyler See Audio Adrenaline Burleson, Jason See Blue Highway Burnel, J.J. See Stranglers, The Burnett, Carol 6 Burnett, T Bone 59 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Burnette, Billy See Fleetwood Mac Burney, Chris See Bowling for Soup Burnham, Charles See String Trio of New York Burnham, Hugo See Gang of Four Burning Spear 15 Burns, Annie See Burns Sisters Burns, Barry See Mogwai Burns, Bob See Lynyrd Skynyrd Burns, Christian See BBMak Burns, Jeannie See Burns Sisters Burns, Joey See Calexico Also see Giant Sand Burns, Karl See Fall, The Burns, Keith See Trick Pony Burns, Marie See Burns Sisters Burns, Pete See Dead or Alive Burns, Ralph 37 Burns, Sheila See Burns Sisters Burns, Terry See Burns Sisters Burns, Vinnie See Ultravox Burns Sisters 41 Burnside, R. L. 34 Burr, Clive See Iron Maiden Burrell, Boz See Bad Company

See Memphis Jug Band Burse, Robert See Memphis Jug Band Burtch, Aaron See Grandaddy Burtnik, Glen See Styx Burton, Cliff See Metallica Burton, Gary 61 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Burton, Tim See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Also see Promise Ring, The Busby, Jheryl 9 Busch, Neil See ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Buschman, Carol See Chordettes, The Bush 38 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Bush, Dave See Elastica Also see Fall, The Bush, John See Anthrax Bush, Kate 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Bush, Kristian See Sugarland Bush, Roger See Flying Burrito Brothers Bush, Sam See New Grass Revival, The Bushkin, Joe 54 Bushwick, Bill See Geto Boys, The Busseri, Frank See Four Lads, The Busta Rhymes 62 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Butala, Tony See Lettermen, The Butcher, Bilinda See My Bloody Valentine

Burrell, Kenny 11

Butler, Syd See Les Savy Fav

Burrell, Raymond “Boz” See King Crimson Burroughs, William S. 26 Burrows, Jeff See Tea Party Burse, Charlie

Butler, Bernard See Suede Butler, Chad See Switchfoot Butler, Jerry See Impressions, The Butler, Joe See Lovin’ Spoonful Butler, Matt See NewSong Butler, Richard See Love Spit Love Also see Psychedelic Furs

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Butler, Tony See Big Country Butterfield, Don 62 Butterfield, Paul 23 Butterfly See Digable Planets Butthole Surfers 16 Buttrey, Kenneth See Pearls Before Swine Buxton, Felix See Basement Jaxx Buynak, John See Rusted Root Buzzcocks, The 9 B*Witched 33 Byard, Jaki 56 Byers, Roddy See Specials, The Byrd, Tracy 39 Byrds, The 8 Byrne, Chris See Black 47 Byrne, David 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Talking Heads Byrne, Dermot See Altan Byrne, Nicky See Westlife Byrom, Larry See Steppenwolf Byron, David See Uriah Heep Byron, Don 22 Byron, Lord T. See Lords of Acid C + C Music Factory 16 Caballe, Monserrat 23 Cabaret Voltaire 18 Cable, John See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Cable, Stuart See Stereophonics Cabra, Eduardo See Calle 13 Cabrera, Ryan 58 Cachao See Lopez, Israel “Cachao” Caddell, Jason See Dismemberment Plan Cadogan, Kevin See Third Eye Blind Caedmon’s Call 39 Caesar, Shirley 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Café Tacuba 45 Cafferty, John See Beaver Brown Band, The

Cain, Jonathan See Journey Caine, Uri 31 Caivano, Phil See Monster Magnet Cake 27 Calabrese, John See Danko Jones Calandra, Joe See Monster Magnet Calder, Kathryn See Immaculate Machine Calderon, Mark See Color Me Badd Calderón, Tego 53 Caldwell, Sarah 59 Caldwell, Tommy See Marshall Tucker Band Caldwell, Toy See Marshall Tucker Band Cale, J. J. 16 Cale, John 54 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Velvet Underground, The Calexico 33 Calhoun, Will See Living Colour California, Randy See Spirit Calire, Mario See Wallflowers, The Call, John David See Pure Prairie League Callahan, Ken See Jayhawks, The Callahan, Ray See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Callahan, Thad See Jayhawks, The Callas, Maria 11 Calle 13 65 Calleros, Juan See Maná Callis, Jo See Human League, The Calloway, Cab 6 Calvert, Bernie See Hollies, The Calvert, Bob See Hawkwind Calvert, Casey See Hawthorne Heights Calvert, Robert 30 Camaro, Vivian See Lanternjack, The Camel 21

Caffey, Charlotte See Go-Go’s, The

Camel, Abdul Ben See Lane, Fred

Cage, John 8

Cameo 60

Butler, Terry “Geezer” See Black Sabbath

Caggiano, Rob See Anthrax

Cameron, Clayton See Ralph Sharon Quartet

Butler, Tim See Love Spit Love Also see Psychedelic Furs

Cahn, Sammy 11

Cameron, Dave “Tito” See Brave Combo

Cain, Jeffrey See Remy Zero

Cameron, Duncan

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Sawyer Brown Cameron, G. C. See Spinners, The Cameron, Matt See Pearl Jam Also see Soundgarden Cameron, Timothy See Silk Camp, Greg See Smash Mouth Campbell, Ali See UB40 Campbell, Eddie See Texas Campbell, Glen 2 Campbell, Glen See Exploited, The Campbell, Isobel See Belle and Sebastian Campbell, Kerry See War Campbell, Little Milton 58 Campbell, Luther 10 Campbell, Martyn See Lightning Seeds Campbell, Mike See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Campbell, Phil See Motörhead Campbell, Robin See UB40 Campbell, Sarah Elizabeth 23 Campbell, Scott See Paladins, The Campbell, Sterling See Duran Duran Campbell, Tevin 13 Campbell, Vivian See Def Leppard Campeau, Don See Lettermen, The Campi, Ray 44 Cam’ron 39 Can 28 Canada, Cody See Cross Canadian Ragweed Canadian Brass, The 4 Canales, Laura 56 Canavase, Matthias See Les Négresses Vertes Candlebox 32 Canler, Coz See Romantics, The Cann, Warren See Ultravox

Canty, James See Make-Up, The Capaldi, Jim See Traffic Caparro, Jim 62 Capleton 40 Cappadonna 43 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Cappelli, Frank 14 Cappos, Andy See Built to Spill Capps, Bobby See .38 Special Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Carabello, Paul See Ataris, The Caravan 24 Carbonara, Paul See Blondie Carbone, Tim See Railroad Earth Card, Michael 40 Cardew, Cornelius 56 Also see AMM Cardigans 19 Cardwell, Joi 22 Carey, Danny See Tool Carey, Jake See Flamingos, The Carey, Mariah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Carey, Pat See Baha Men Carey, Ron See Baha Men Carey, Tony See Rainbow Carey, Zeke See Flamingos, The Carl, Barry See Rockapella Carli, Micah See Hawthorne Heights Carlile, Brandi 63 Carlisi, Jeff See .38 Special Carlisle, Belinda 63 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Go-Go’s, The Carlisle, Bob 22 Carll, Hayes 65

Cumulative Musicians Index • 267

Carlton, Larry 38 Carlton, Larry See Fourplay Carlton, Vanessa 53 Carman 36 Carmen, Eric See Raspberries Carmichael, Greg See Acoustic Alchemy Carmichael, Hoagy 27 Carmichael, Jesse See Maroon 5 Carnes, Kim 4 Carney, Patrick See Black Keys, The Carolina Chocolate Drops 63 Carpenter, Bob See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Carpenter, Karen See Carpenters, The Carpenter, Patrick See Cinematic Orchestra Carpenter, Richard 24 Also see Carpenters, The Carpenter, Stephen See Deftones Carpenters, The 13 Carr, Ben See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Carr, David See Third Day Carr, Eric See Kiss Carr, James 23 Carr, Martin See Boo Radleys, The Carr, Teddy See Ricochet Carr, Vikki 28 Carrabba, Chris See Dashboard Confessional Carrack, Paul See Mike & the Mechanics Also see Squeeze Carreras, José 34 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Carrero, Manny See Saves the Day Carrethers, Harold See Fairfield Four Carrethers, Rufus See Fairfield Four Carrigan, Andy See Mekons, The Carrington, Terri Lyne 49 Carroll, David See Blasters, The Carroll, Dina 31

See Siouxsie and the Banshees Carruthers, William B. “Willie” See Spacemen 3 Also see Spiritualized Cars, The 20 Carson, Adam See AFI Carson, Jason See O.C. Supertones, The Carson, Lori See Golden Palominos Carswell, David See Destroyer Carswell, Eddie See NewSong Cartaya, Oscar See Spyro Gyra Carter, A. P. See Carter Family, The Carter, Aaron 35 Carter, Anita See Carter Family, The Carter, Anna &ldqou;Effie” See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Benny 3 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Carter, Betty 6 Carter, Brent See Tower of Power Carter, Carlene 8 Carter, David Parker See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Deana 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Carter, Dorothy See Mediaeval Baebes Carter, Elliott 30 Carter, Ernest See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Helen See Carter Family, The Carter, James 18 Carter, Janette See Carter Family, The Carter, Jimmy See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Carter, Joe See Carter Family, The Carter, Johnnie See Dells, The Carter, Johnny See Flamingos, The Carter, John 34 Carter, June Cash 6 Also see Carter Family, The

Canned Heat 44

Carlos, Bun E. See Cheap Trick

Canning, Brendan See Broken Social Scene

Carlos, Don See Black Uhuru

Cannon, Ace 65

Carlos, Wendy 46

Carroll, Earl “Speedo” See Coasters, The

Carter, Maybell See Carter Family, The

Cantrell, Blu 45

Carlson, Edward See Flotsam and Jetsam

Carroll, Gregory See Orioles, The

Carter, Nell 7

Cantrell, Laura 57

Carlson, Paulette See Highway 101

Carroll, Howard See Dixie Hummingbirds, The

Canty, Brendan See Fugazi

Carlstroem, Vigilante See Hives, The

Carroll, Jim 46

Carter, Nick See Backstreet Boys

Carruthers, John

Carter, Regina 22

Cantrell, Jerry See Alice in Chains

Carter, Laura See Elf Power

Carter, Newton See Vigilantes of Love

268 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Also see String Trio of New York Carter, Ron 14 Carter, Rosa Lola See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Roy See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Ruth Ellen See Chuck Wagon Gang Carter, Sara See Carter Family, The Carter USM 31 Carter Family, The 3 Carter-Harrison, Roberta See Wild Strawberries Carthy, Eliza 31 Carthy, Martin 34 Also see Steeleye Span Caruso, Enrico 10 Carvalho, Beth 60 Cary, Caitlin 46 Also see Whiskeytown Cary, Justin See Sixpence None the Richer Casablancas, Julian See Strokes, The Casady, Jack See Jefferson Airplane Casale, Bob See Devo Casale, Gerald V. See Devo Casals, Pablo 9 Case 38 Case, Neko 66 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Also see New Pornographers, The Case, Peter 13 Casella, Teresa See Mediaeval Baebes Casey, Brandon See Jagged Edge Casey, Brian See Jagged Edge Casey, Dennis See Flogging Molly Casey, Harry See KC and the Sunshine Band

Cash, Andrew See Cash Brothers

Earlier sketch in CM 2 Cash Brothers 47 Cashdollar, Cindy See Asleep at the Wheel Cashion, Doc “Bob” See Lane, Fred Casillas, Eddie See Voodoo Glow Skulls Casillas, Frank See Voodoo Glow Skulls Casillas, Jorge See Voodoo Glow Skulls Cassidy 57 Cassidy, Ed See Spirit Cassidy, Eva 35 Cassidy, Paul See Brodsky Quartet Castellano, Torry See Donnas, The Castillo, Emilio See Tower of Power Castillo, Randy See Mötley Crüe Casting Crowns 59 Cat Power 30 Catallo, Chet See Spyro Gyra Catallo, Chris See Surfin’ Pluto Catallo, Gene See Surfin’ Pluto Catatonia 29 Catching, Dave See Queens of the Stone Age Cates, Ronny See Petra Cathcart, Patti See Tuck & Patti Catherall, Joanne See Human League, The Catherine, Philip 59 Catherine Wheel 18 Catlin, Fritz See 23 Skidoo Cato, Andy See Groove Armada Cattermole, Paul See S Club 7 Caughlan, Jim See Pure Prairie League Caughthran, Matt See Bronx, The Caustic Resin 31

Cash, Danny See My Morning Jacket

Caustic Window See Aphex Twin

Cash, Danny See My Morning Jacket

Cauty, Jimmy See KLF, The Also see Orb, The

Casey, Karan See Solas Casey, Ken See Dropkick Murphys

Cash, Fred See Impressions, The Cash, Johnny 46 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cash, Peter See Cash Brothers Cash, Rosanne 59

Cavacas, Chris See Giant Sand

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cavaliere, Felix See Rascals, The Cavallario, Tony See Aloha Cavanaugh, Frank See Filter Cave, Nick 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Cavoukian, Raffi See Raffi Caws, Matthew See Nada Surf Caymmi, Dorival 65 Cazares, Dino See Fear Factory Cease, Jeff See Black Crowes, The Cee-Lo 49 Also see Gnarls Barkley Ceili Rain 34 Cervantes, Hector See Casting Crowns Cervenka, Exene 57 Also see X Cervera, Rod See Rentals, The Cesare, DJ See Stereo MC’s Cester, Chris See Jet Cester, Nic See Jet Cetera, Peter See Chicago Chad, Dominic See Mansun Chad & Jeremy 62 Chadbourne, Eugene 30 Chailly, Riccardo 35 Chainsaw Kittens, The 33 Chalfant, David See Nields, The Chali 2na See Jurassic 5 Chamberlain, Jerry See Daniel Amos Chamberlin, Jimmy See Smashing Pumpkins Chambers, Dennis See Niacin Chambers, Guy See Waterboys, The Chambers, Jimmy See Mercury Rev Chambers, Kasey 36 Chambers, Martin See Pretenders, The Chambers, Paul 18

See Ruff Endz Chance, Slim See Cramps, The Chancellor, Justin See Tool Chandler, Chas See Animals, The Chandler, Erik See Bowling for Soup Chandler, Gene 46 Chandler, Knox See Golden Palominos Chandler, Tim See Daniel Amos Chandra, Sheila 16 Chandrasonic See Asian Dub Foundation Chaney, Jimmy See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack Chang, Han-Na 33 Chang, Sarah 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Channing, Carol 6 Chant, Tom See Cinematic Orchestra Chanticleer 33 Chao, Manu 41 Chapin, Harry 6 Chapin, Jen 49 Chapin, Tom 11 Chapin Carpenter, Mary 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Chaplin, Nick See Slowdive Chaplin, Tom See Keane Chapman, Beth Nielsen 42 Chapman, Billy See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Chapman, Dave See Blue Aeroplanes, The Chapman, Gary 33 Chapman, Steven Curtis 47 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Chapman, Tony See Rolling Stones, The Chapman, Tracy 66 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Chappell, Ray See Savoy Brown Chaquico, Craig 23 Also see Jefferson Starship Charig, Marc See Brotherhood of Breath Also see Soft Machine Charlatans, The (U.K.) 13

Chambers, Terry See XTC

Charles, Gerry C. “Baby Gerry” See Full Force

Champion, Eric 21

Charlatans, The 55

Cavalera, Igor See Sepultura

Champion, Will See Coldplay

Charles, Ray 54 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Cavalera, Max See Sepultura Also see Soulfly

Chan, Spencer See Aqua Velvets

Charles, Yolanda See Aztec Camera

Chance, David “Davinch”

Charm Farm 20

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Charman, Shaun See Wedding Present, The Charmichael, Chris See Ceili Rain Chase, Brian See Yeah Yeah Yeahs Chasez, Joshua Scott “JC” See ’N Sync Chastain, Paul See Velvet Crush Chater, Eos See Bond Chater, Kerry See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Chatham County Line 55 Chatwood, Stuart See Tea Party Chauncey, Danny See .38 Special Chavis, Boozoo 38 Chayanne 44 Chea, Alvin “Vinnie” See Take 6 Cheap Trick 12 Cheatam, Aldolphus “Doc” See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Checker, Chubby 7 Che Colovita, Lemon See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack Cheeks, Julius See Soul Stirrers, The Cheese, Steve See Screeching Weasel Chemical Brothers, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Cheney, Chris See Living End, The Cheng, Chi See Deftones Chenier, C. J. 15 Chenier, Clifton 6 Chenille Sisters, The 16 Chenoweth, Kristin 55 Cher 35 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Sonny and Cher Cherise, Cyd See Lane, Fred Cherish the Ladies 38 Cherone, Gary See Extreme Also see Van Halen

Chesney, Kenny 54 Earlier sketch in CM 20

Chestnut, Cyrus 47 Cheung, Jacky 33 Chevalier, Dave See O.C. Supertones, The Chevalier, Maurice 6 Chevelle 44 Chevron, Phillip See Pogues, The Chew, Chris See North Mississippi Allstars Chia, Enrique 54 Chic 39 Chicago 3 Chickeles, Shane See Ataris, The Chicks on Speed 47 Chief Xcel See Blackalicious Chieftains, The 36 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Chiffons, The 43 Child, Desmond 30 Childish, Billy 28 Childress, Ross See Collective Soul Childress Saxton, Shirley See Sweet Honey in the Rock Childs, Euros See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci Childs, Megan See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci Childs, Toni 2 Chilton, Alex 10 Also see Big Star Also see Box Tops, The Chimes, Terry See Clash, The Chin See Quickspace Chin, Tony See Big Mountain Chingy 53 Chipperfield, Sheila See Elastica Chisholm, Melanie See Spice Girls Chopmaster J See Digital Underground Chordettes, The 34 Choy, Nalani See Na Leo Chris See Apples in Stereo Chrisman, Andy See 4Him Chrisman, Paul “Woody Paul” See Riders in the Sky Christ, John See Danzig

Chesnutt, Mark 13

Christafari 51

Chesnutt, Vic 28

Christensen, Lene See Yanni

Cherry, Don 10 Also see Codona Cherry, Neneh 4 Cherry Poppin’ Daddies 24

Chess, Leonard 24

Christian, Charlie 11

Chesterman, Ron See Strawbs

Christian Death 28

Chesters, Eds D. See Bluetones, The

Christianson, John See Reel Big Fish

Cumulative Musicians Index • 269

Christie, William 56 Christina, Fran See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Also see Roomful of Blues Christo, Guy-Manuel de Homem See Daft Punk Chuck D See Public Enemy Chuck Wagon Gang 50 Chud, Dr. See Misfits, The Chud See Mudvayne Chumbawamba 21 Chung, Kyung Wha 34 Chung, Mark See Einstürzende Neubauten Church, Charlotte 28 Church, Kevin See Country Gentlemen, The Church, The 14 Churchill, Bill See Tower of Power Churchill, Chick See Ten Years After Churilla, Scott See Reverend Horton Heat Ciani, Suzanne 50 Ciara 61 Ciaran, Clan See Super Furry Animals Cibelle 59 Cibo Matto 28 Ciccone, Don See Four Seasons, The Ciccotelli, Lou See Laika Cieka, Rob See Boo Radleys, The Cincotti, Peter 52 Cinderella 16 Cinelu, Mino See Weather Report Cinematic Orchestra 52 Cinninger, Jake See Umphrey’s McGee Cipollina, John See Quicksilver Messenger Service Cipriano, Rich See Sick of It All Circle Jerks, The 17 Cissell, Ben See Audio Adrenaline Cissokho, Issa See Orchestra Baobab Citizen King 27 City and Colour 66 Clancy, Aoife See Cherish the Ladies Clancy, Bobby See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy, Dónal See Solas Clancy, Finbarr

See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy, Liam See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy, Patrick “Paddy” See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy, Tom See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The 39 Clannad 23 Clapton, Eric 66 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 See Cream Also see Yardbirds, The Claridge, Eric See Sea and Cake, The Clarion Fracture Zone 45 Clark, Alan See Dire Straits Clark, Anne 32 Clark, Dave See Dave Clark Five, The Clark, Dave See Rheostatics Clark, Dick 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Clark, Gene 51 Also see Byrds, The Clark, Graham See Gong Clark, Guy 17 Clark, Jackie See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Clark, Keith See Circle Jerks, The Clark, Mike See Suicidal Tendencies Clark, Petula 40 Clark, Roy 1 Clark, Steve See Def Leppard Clark, Steve See Paloalto Clark, Steve See VAST Clark, Terri 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Clark, Tony See Blessid Union of Souls Clarke, Allan See Hollies, The Clarke, Bernie See Aztec Camera Clarke, “Fast” Eddie See Motörhead Clarke, Junior “Shy-Shy” See Full Force Clarke, Kenny 35 Clarke, Mark See Mountain Clarke, Michael See Byrds, The

270 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Clarke, Owen See Hot Chip Clarke, Stanley 3 Clarke, Vince See Depeche Mode Also see Erasure Clarke, William See Third World Clark-Sheard, Karen 48 Clarkson, Kelly 53 Clash, The 4 Claveria, Mauricio See La Ley Clayderman, Richard 1 Claypool, Les See Primus Clayton, Adam See U2 Clayton, Sam See Little Feat Clayton-Thomas, David See Blood, Sweat and Tears Clean, Dean See Dead Milkmen Cleave, Simon See Wedding Present, The Cleaves, Jessica See Earth, Wind and Fire Clegg, Johnny 8 Clem Snide 35 Clement, Jack 57 Clements, Vassar 18 Clemons, Clarence 7 Clempson, Dave See Humble Pie Clench, Jim See April Wine Also see Bachman-Turner Overdrive Cleveland, James 1 Clewley, Harry See Lettermen, The Cliburn, Van 13

Clifford, Douglas Ray See Creedence Clearwater Revival

See Nine Inch Nails Also see Prong Clovers, The 42 Club Nouveau 62 Clutch, Ron See Nappy Roots Clyde, Jeremy See Chad & Jeremy Coal Chamber 35 Coasters, The 5 Cobain, Garry See Future Sound of London Cobain, Kurt See Nirvana Cobham, Billy See Mahavishnu Orchestra Cobra Starship 64 Cobra Verde 28 Cochran, Bobby See Steppenwolf Cochran, Eddie 43 Cochran, James “Dimples” See Spaniels, The Cochran, Nathan See MercyMe Cochrane, Ruth See Blue Aeroplanes, The Cochrane, Tom 23 Cockburn, Bruce 8 Cocker, Jarvis See Pulp Cocker, Joe 54 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Cocking, William “Willigan” See Mystic Revealers Coco Tea 36 Coco the Electronic Monkey Wizard See Man or Astroman? Cocteau Twins, The 12 Codarini, Connie See Four Lads, The Codenys, Patrick See Front 242 Codling, Neil See Suede Codona 44 Cody, John See Ray Condo and His Ricochets

Cline, Nels See Geraldine Fibbers

Coe, Charlie See Paul Revere & The Raiders

Cline, Patsy 5

Coe, David Allan 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Click Five, The 64 Cliff, Jimmy 8

Clinton, George 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Clivilles, Robert See C + C Music Factory Clooney, Rosemary 9 Close, Bill See Dropkick Murphys

Coffey, Cath See Stereo MC’s Coffey, Don, Jr. See Superdrag See Butthole Surfers Coffey, Jeff

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cohen, Avishai 42 Cohen, Chris See Deerhoof Cohen, David See Country Joe and the Fish Cohen, Jeremy See Turtle Island String Quartet Cohen, Leonard 52 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Cohen, Lyor 29 Cohen, Porky See Roomful of Blues Cohn, Gretta See Faint, The Cohn, Marc 43 Coke, Alex See Willem Breuker Kollektief Colaiuta, Vinnie 23 Colbert, Laurence “Loz” See Ride Colbourn, Chris See Buffalo Tom Colburn, Richard See Belle and Sebastian Colby, Nick See Ultimate Fakebook Cold 34 Cold Chisel 34 Coldplay 62 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Cole, B.J. See Spiritualized Cole, Brian See Association, The Cole, David See C + C Music Factory Cole, Freddy 35 Cole, Holly 18 Cole, Jim 54 Cole, Keyshia 64 Cole, Lloyd 9 Cole, Nat King 3 Cole, Natalie 61 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Cole, Nate See Plus One Cole, Paula 20 Cole, Ralph See Nylons, The Cole, Rich See Romantics, The Coleman, Helen See Sweet Honey in the Rock Coleman, Jaz See Killing Joke Coleman, Kevin See Smash Mouth

See Train Collective Soul 16 Colleen 63 Collen, Phil See Def Leppard Collett, Jason See Broken Social Scene Colletti, Dominic See Bevis Frond Colley, Dana See Morphine Collie, Mark 15 Collier, Paul See Angel Corpse Colligan, Michael See Flying Luttenbachers, The Collingwood, Chris See Fountains of Wayne Collins, Albert 52 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Collins, Allen See Lynyrd Skynyrd Collins, Bootsy 8 Also see Golden Palominos Collins, Chris See Dream Theater Collins, Edwyn 47 Collins, Greg See Radio 4 Collins, John 39 Collins, John See Destroyer Also see New Pornographers, The Collins, John See Powderfinger Collins, Judy 4 Collins, Mark See Charlatans, The Collins, Max See Eve 6 Collins, Mel See Camel Also see King Crimson Collins, Mick See Dirtbombs, The Collins, Phil 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Collins, Rob See Charlatans, The Collins, Sandra 41

Coleman, Michael See Seldom Scene, The

Colomby, Bobby See Blood, Sweat and Tears

Collins, William See Collins, Bootsy Collister, Christine 42 Collura, John See Ataris, The

Cloud, Harold See Box Tops, The

Coffie, Calton See Inner Circle

Coleman, Ornette 5

Colon, Willie 37

Cloud, Jeff See Joy Electric

Coghill, Jon See Powderfinger

Coles, Dennis See Ghostface Killah

Color Me Badd 23

Cloud, Jeff See Starflyer 59

Coghlan, John See Status Quo

Coletta, Kim See Jawbox

Clouser, Charlie

Coheed and Cambria 58

Colin, Charlie

Colt, Johnny See Black Crowes, The Colter, Jessi 63 Colthart, Chris

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Papas Fritas Coltrane, Alice 52 Coltrane, John 4 Colvin, Monty See Galactic Cowboys Colvin, Shawn 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Colwell, David See Bad Company Coma, Franche See Misfits, The Combs, Gabe See Plus One Combs, Sean “Puffy” 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Comeau, Chuck See Simple Plan Comess, Aaron See Spin Doctors Cometbus, Aaron See Screeching Weasel Commander Cody See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen 30 Commerford, Tim See Audioslave Commodores, The 23 Common 56 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Como, Perry 14 Comparelli, Phil See 54-40 Compulsion 23 Concrete Blonde 32 Condo, Ray See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Confederate Railroad 23 Congo Norvell 22 Congos, The 58 Conjunto Bernal 63 Conlee, Jenny See Decemberists, The Conley, Chris See Saves the Day Conley, Clint See Mission of Burma Conlon, James 44

Conniff, Ray 37 Connolly, Brian See Sweet Connolly, Buddy See Ceili Rain Connolly, Deirdre See Cherish the Ladies Connolly, John See Sevendust Connolly, Nathan See Snow Patrol Connolly, Pat See Surfaris, The Connor, Chris 30 Connor, Michael See Pure Prairie League Connors, Clare See Spiritualized Connors, Marc See Nylons, The Connors, Norman 30 Connors, Stompin’ Tom 56 Conrad, David See Black 47 Conrad, Jeff See Phantom Planet Considine, Craig See Rumba Club Constantines, The 58 Conte, Bruce See Tower of Power Conti, Neil See Prefab Sprout Continental Drifters 39 Convertino, John See Calexico Also see Giant Sand Convy, Tim See Ludo Conway, Billy See Morphine Conway, Dave See My Bloody Valentine Conway, Gerry See Pentangle Cooder, Ry 57 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Coogan, Mary See Cherish the Ladies

Cumulative Musicians Index • 271

See Daniel Amos Cook, Murray See Wiggles, The Cook, Paul See Sex Pistols, The Cook, Steve See Soft Machine Cook, Stuart See Creedence Clearwater Revival Cook, Teddy See Great White Cook, Wayne See Steppenwolf Cooke, Angus See Ataris, The Cooke, Mick See Belle and Sebastian Cooke, Sam 1 Also see Soul Stirrers, The Cool, Tre See Green Day Cooley, Cason See Normals, The Cooley, Dave See Citizen King Cooley, Mike See Drive-By Truckers Cooley, Spade 53 Cooley, Steve See Dillards, The Coolidge, Rita 40 Coolio 19 Coombes, Gary See Supergrass Coombes, Rod See Strawbs Coomer, Ken See Uncle Tupelo Also see Wilco Coomes, Sam See Quasi Coonce, Rick See Grass Roots, The Cooney, Rory 6 Coope, Barry See Coope, Boyes & Simpson Coope, Boyes & Simpson 60 Cooper, Alex See Katrina and the Waves

Cook, Carla 57

Cooper, Alice 58 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Cook, David Kyle See Matchbox 20

Cooper, Jason See Cure, The

Cook, Frank See Canned Heat

Cooper, John See Skillet

Cook, Greg See Ricochet

Cooper, Korey See Skillet

Conner, Gary Lee See Screaming Trees

Cook, Iain See Aereogramme

Conner, Van See Screaming Trees

Cook, Jamie See Arctic Monkeys

Cooper, Martin See Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark

Conner, William “Pete” See Swan Silvertones, The

Cook, Jeffrey Alan See Alabama

Connick, Harry, Jr. 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Cook, Jesse 33

Cooper, Paul See Nylons, The

Cook, Mark

Cooper, Ralph

Conneff, Kevin See Chieftains, The Connell, Andy See Swing Out Sister Connelly, Chris See KMFDM Also see Pigface

Cooper, Michael See Third World

See Air Supply Cooper, Shaun See Taking Back Sunday Coore, Stephen See Third World Cope, Julian 16 Copeland, Andrew See Sister Hazel Copeland, Stewart 14 Also see Police, The Copland, Aaron 2 Copley, Al See Roomful of Blues Coppola, Donna See Papas Fritas Corabi, John See Mötley Crüe Corea, Chick 6 Corella, Doug See Verve Pipe, The Corgan, Billy See Smashing Pumpkins Corigliano, John 34 Corina, Sarah See Mekons, The Cornelius 44 Cornelius, Dan See Danko Jones Cornelius, Robert See Poi Dog Pondering Cornell, Chris See Audioslave Cornell, Chris See Soundgarden Cornell, Don 30 Corner, Chris See Sneaker Pimps Cornershop 24 Cornick, Glenn See Jethro Tull Cornish, Gene See Rascals, The Cornwell, Hugh See Stranglers, The Corr, Andrea See Corrs, The Corr, Caroline See Corrs, The Corr, Jim See Corrs, The Corr, Sharon See Corrs, The Corrigan, Brianna See Beautiful South Corrs, The 32 Corso, Terry See Alien Ant Farm Cortez, Eusebio See Los Bukis Cosgrove, Mike See Alien Ant Farm Cosmic Psychos 60 Cosper, Kina See Brownstone Cossin, David See Bang on a Can All-Stars

272 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Costa, Dave See Boys Night Out Costa, Matt 64 Costa, Nikka 56 Costanzo, Marc See Len Costanzo, Sharon See Len Costello, Elvis 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Coté, Billy See Madder Rose Cotoia, Robert See Beaver Brown Band, The Cotrubas, Ileana 1 Cotta, Justin See VAST Cotten, Elizabeth 16 Cotto, Orlando See Rumba Club Cotton, Caré See Sounds of Blackness Cotton, James 35 Cotton, Jeff “Antennae Jimmy Siemens” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Cougar, John(ny) See Mellencamp, John Coughlan, Richard See Caravan Coulter, William 49 Counsell, Judd See Hold Steady, The Counting Crows 64 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Country Joe and the Fish 36 Country Gentlemen, The 7 Courtney, Jr., Opal See Spaniels, The Coury, Fred See Cinderella Cousins, Dave See Strawbs Cousteau 41 Coutch, Frank See Blue Mountain Coutts, Duncan See Our Lady Peace Coverdale, David 34 See Deep Purple Also see Whitesnake Covert, Ralph 54 Cowan, Dennis See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Cowan, John See New Grass Revival, The Cowboy Mouth 37 Cowboy Junkies, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Cowell, Simon 52 Cows, The 32 Cowsill, Susan See Continental Drifters Cox, Allen

See Florida Boys, The Cox, Andy See English Beat, The Also see Fine Young Cannibals Cox, Bradford See Deerhunter Cox, Carl 43 Cox, Evelyn See Cox Family Cox, Mikee See Coal Chamber Cox, Sidney See Cox Family Cox, Steve See Dazz Band Cox, Suzanne See Cox Family Cox, Terry See Pentangle Cox, Willard See Cox Family Cox Family 44 Coxhill, Lol 41 Coxon, Ed See Spiritualized Coxon, Graham See Blur Coxon, John See Spiritualized Also see Spring Heel Jack Coy, Steve See Dead or Alive Coyne, Mark See Flaming Lips Coyne, Wayne See Flaming Lips Crabtree, Lee See Fugs, The Crack, Carl See Atari Teenage Riot Cracker 12 Cracknell, Sarah See Saint Etienne Cradle of Filth 37 Cragg, Jonny See Spacehog Crahan, Shawn See Slipknot Craig, Albert See Israel Vibration Craig, Carl 19 Craig, Judy See Chiffons, The Craig, Mikey See Culture Club Craig, Shawn See Phillips, Craig & Dean Crain, S. R. See Soul Stirrers, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cranley, Evan See Broken Social Scene Crash, Darby See Germs, The Crash Test Dummies 14 Crash Vegas 49 Cravens, Rodney Browning See Dishwalla Crawford, Dave Max See Poi Dog Pondering Crawford, Ed See fIREHOSE Crawford, John See Berlin Crawford, Michael 4 Crawford, Randy 25 Crawford, Steve See Anointed Crawford-Greathouse, Da’dra See Anointed Cray, Robert 46 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Crazy Town 43 Crea, Tom See Vigilantes of Love Creach, Papa John See Jefferson Starship Creager, Melora See Rasputina Cream 9 Creed 28 Creedence Clearwater Revival 16 Creegan, Andrew See Barenaked Ladies Creegan, Jim See Barenaked Ladies Crème, Lol See 10cc Crenshaw, Marshall 5 Crenshaw, Robert See Swan Silvertones, The Crespo, Elvis 36 Crespo, Jimmy See Aerosmith Cressey, Boby See Christafari Cretu, Michael See Enigma Crews, Eli See Beulah Crimble, Thomas See Hawkwind Cripps, Colin See Crash Vegas Cripps, Joe See Brave Combo Crispell, Marilyn 64 Earlier sketch in CM 47

Crofts, Dash See Seals & Crofts Croker, Glenn See Hackberry Ramblers Cronin, Kevin See REO Speedwagon Cronin, Tim See Monster Magnet Cronk, Chas See Strawbs Crook, Richie See Imperials, The Cropper, Steve 12 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s Crosby, Bing 6 Crosby, Brian See Bell X1 Crosby, David 3 Also see Byrds, The Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Crosby, Jon See VAST Crosby, Paul See Saliva Crosby, Stills, and Nash 24 Cross, Bridget See Velocity Girl Cross, Christopher 60 Cross, Chris See Ultravox Cross, David See King Crimson Cross, Grady See Cross Canadian Ragweed Cross, Mike See Sponge Cross, Tim See Sponge Cross Canadian Ragweed 59 Crosse, Clay 38 Crouch, Andraé 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Crover, Dale See Melvins Crow, Sheryl 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Crowded House 63 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Crowe, J. D. 5 Crowell, Rodney 8 Crowley, J.C. See Player Crowley, Martin See Bevis Frond Cruikshank, Gregory See Tuxedomoon Crump, Bruce See Molly Hatchet

Cramps, The 16

Criss, Peter See Kiss

Cranberries, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Crissinger, Roger See Pearls Before Swine

Crandall, Marty See Shins, The

Cristian 40

Cruz, Anthony See AZ

Crittenden, Melodie See Selah

Cruz, Celia 22 Earlier sketch in CM 10

Croce, Jim 3

Crystal Method, The 35

Craney, Mark See Jethro Tull

Crunchy Black See Three 6 Mafia

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cua, Rick See Ceili Rain Cuccurullo, Warren See Duran Duran Also see Missing Persons Cuddy, Jim See Beck Cuddy, Jim See Blue Rodeo Cuevas, Alberto “Beto” See La Ley Cuevas, Alberto See La Ley Cuffee, Ed See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Cugat, Xavier 23 Culbertson, Brian 40 Cullinan, Tom See Quickspace Cullum, Jamie 56 Culos, Chris See O.A.R. Culp, Dennis See Five Iron Frenzy Culp, Jennifer See Kronos Quartet, The Cult, The 16 Culture Club 37 Culver, Joe See Bardo Pond Cumming, Graham See Bevis Frond Cummings, Burton See Guess Who Cummings, Danny See Dire Straits Cummings, David See Del Amitri Cummings, George See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Cummings, John See Mogwai Cummings, Mike “Spider One” See Powerman 5000 Cummings, Steve See Dismemberment Plan

Cumulative Musicians Index • 273

Cypress Hill 11 Cyran, T.C. See Hot Club of Cowtown Cyrus, Billy Ray 66 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Cyrus, Miley 64 Czukay, Holger See Can Czum, Jeff See Cute Is What We Aim For D Generation 26 Da Brat 30 D’abaldo, Chris See Saliva Dachert, Peter See Tuxedomoon Dacus, Donnie See Chicago Dacus, Johnny See Osborne Brothers, The Daddy G See Massive Attack Daddy Mack See Kris Kross Daellenbach, Charles See Canadian Brass, The Daese, Tonya See Yanni Daft Punk 66 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Dahl, Jeff 28 Dahlberg, Ludwig See (International) Noise Conspiracy Dahle, Kurt Also see New Pornographers, The Dahlgren, Erik See Wannadies, The Dahlheimer, Patrick See Live Dail, Steven See Project 86

Cunningham, Abe See Deftones

Cunningham, Ruth See Anonymous 4 Cuomo, Rivers See Weezer Cure, The 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Curiel, Marcos See P.O.D. Curl, Langston See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Curless, Ann See Exposé Curley, John See Afghan Whigs Curnin, Cy See Fixx, The Curran, Ciaran See Altan Curran, Doug See Lettermen, The Currie, Alannah See Thompson Twins Currie, Billy See Ultravox Currie, Cherie See Runaways, The Currie, Justin See Del Amitri Currie, Kevin See Supertramp Currie, Steve See T. Rex Currington, Billy 64 Curry, Pete See Los Straitjackets Curry, Tim 3 Curtis, Barry See Kingsmen, The Curtis, Benjamin See Secret Machines Curtis, Ben See Tripping Daisy Curtis, Brandon See Secret Machines Curtis, Catie 31 Curtis, Chris See Searchers, The Curtis, Ian See Joy Division Curtis, King 17 Curtis, Steve See Hem Curulewski, John See Styx Curve 13 Custance, Mickey See Big Audio Dynamite

Cunningham, Bill See Box Tops, The

Cut Chemist See Jurassic 5

Dall, Bobby See Poison

Cunningham, Blair See Echo and the Bunnymen

Cute Is What We Aim For 65

Dallin, Sarah See Bananarama

Cummins, Joel See Umphrey’s McGee Cumplido, J. C. See La Ley Cumplido, J. See La Ley Cunniff, Jill See Luscious Jackson

Cunningham, Johnny See Nightnoise Also see Silly Wizard Cunningham, Phil See Silly Wizard

Cuthbert, Scott See Everclear Cutler, Chris See Pere Ubu Cutler, Paul See Dream Syndicate

Daily-Lafton, Clayton See Normals, The Dairo, I.K. 48 Daisley, Bob See Black Sabbath Also see Rainbow Dalaras, George 40 Dale, Dick 13 Daley, Paul See Leftfield Daley, Richard See Third World Daley, Sean See Atmosphere

Dalton, John See Kinks, The Dalton, Lacy J. 43 Dalton, Nic 31 Also see Lemonheads, The

Daltrey, Roger 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Who, The Dameron, Tadd 56 Damiani, Victor See Cake D’Amico, Eben See Saves the Day Dammers, Jerry See Specials, The Damned, The 34 Damon, Zak See Screeching Weasel Damon and Naomi 25 Damone, Vic 33 D’Amour, Paul See Tool Dan the Automator See Handsome Boy Modeling School Danbom, Scott See Slobberbone Dando, Evan See Lemonheads, The Dandy Warhols 22 Danell, Dennis See Social Distortion Danelli, Dino See Rascals, The D’Angelo 20 D’Angelo, Greg See Anthrax Danger Mouse 59 Also see Gnarls Barkley Dangerous, Chris See Hives, The Daniel, Britt See Spoon Daniel, Casey See Seven Mary Three Daniel Amos 44 Danielian, Barry See Tower of Power Daniels, Charlie 6 Daniels, Jack See Highway 101 Daniels, Jerry See Ink Spots Danielson 59 Danko, Rick See Band, The Danko Jones 61 Danny Boy See House of Pain Danze, William “Billy” See M.O.P. Danzig 7 Danzig, Glenn See Danzig Also see Misfits, The Dap, Bill The Kid See Lane, Fred Dappen, Mike See Faint, The Dara, Olu 46 Darbone, Luderin

274 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Hackberry Ramblers D’Arby, Terence Trent 3 d’Arcy, Deck See Phoenix Darin, Bobby 4 Dark Star 29 Darkness, The 58 D’Arko, Joe See Godsmack Darling, David 34 Darling, Eric See Weavers, The Darlington, Jay See Kula Shaker Darnielle, John See Mountain Goats, The Darriau, Matt See Klezmatics, The Darrow, Chris See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Darvill, Benjamin See Crash Test Dummies Das EFX 14 Dashboard Confessional 44 Daugherty, Jay Dee See Church, The Also see Waterboys, The Daugherty, Jay See Cameo Daugherty, Thom See Elms, The Daulne, Marie See Zap Mama Dave, Doggy See Lords of Acid Dave, Mundell See Monster Magnet Dave Matthews Band 48 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Dave Clark Five, The 12 Davenport, N’Dea See Brand New Heavies, The Davey, Dani See Cradle of Filth David, Craig 42 David, John See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show David, Stuart See Belle and Sebastian Davidowski, Stephen See Dixie Dregs Davidson, Lenny See Dave Clark Five, The Davie, Hutch See Pearls Before Swine Davies, Cliff See Northwoods Improvisers Davies, Dave See Kinks, The Davies, Dennis Russell 24 Davies, DikMik See Hawkwind Davies, Diona See Po’ Girl Davies, Gail 38

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Davies, James See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack Davies, Keith See Down By Law Davies, Ray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Kinks, The Davies, Richard See Supertramp Davies, Saul See James Davis, Alana 36 Davis, Anthony 17 Davis, Anthony See Atmosphere Davis, Billy, Jr. See Fifth Dimension Davis, Billy 52 Davis, Brad See Fu Manchu Davis, Brian See Musiq Davis, Carl See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Davis, Chip 48 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Davis, Chris See Six by Seven Davis, Chris See Spiritualized Davis, Clive 14 Davis, Colin 27 Davis, Derek See Guttermouth Davis, Eddie “Lockjaw” 40 Davis, Gregory See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Davis, Guy 53 Davis, James B. See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Davis, Jeff See Boys Night Out Davis, Jeremy See Paramore Davis, Jimmie 53 Davis, Jody See Newsboys, The Davis, John See Folk Implosion, The Davis, John See Superdrag Davis, Jonathan See Korn Davis, Linda 21 Davis, Mac 60 Davis, Michael See MC5, The Davis, Miles F. See Northwoods Improvisers

Davis, Skeeter 15 Davis, Spencer See Spencer Davis Group Davis, Steve See Mystic Revealers Davis, Tania See Bond Davis, Verona See Stereo MC’s Davis, Zelma See C + C Music Factory Davison, Wild Bill 34 Davol, Sam See Magnetic Fields, The Dawdy, Cheryl See Chenille Sisters, The Dawn, Sandra See Platters, The Dawson, Ronnie 48 Day, Doris 24 Day, Howie 49 Dayne, Taylor 60 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Days of the New 48 Dayton, Kelli See Sneaker Pimps Dazz Band 64 dB’s, The 37 dc Talk 18 de Homem-Christo, Guy-Manuel See Daft Punk De La Soul 37 Earlier sketch in CM 7 De Phazz 63 Deacon, John See Nields, The Deacon, John See Queen Dead Can Dance 16 Dead Kennedys 29 Dead Milkmen 22 Dead or Alive 50 Dead Prez 54 Deakin, Paul See Mavericks, The Deal, Kelley See Breeders Deal, Kim See Breeders Also see Pixies, The de Albuquerque, Michael See Electric Light Orchestra Dean, Billy 19 Dean, Dan See Phillips, Craig & Dean Dean, Elton See Soft Machine

Davis, Miles 1

Dean, Paul See Loverboy Also see X-Ray Spex

Davis, Norman See Wailing Souls Davis, Reverend Gary 18 Davis, Sammy, Jr. 4 Davis, Santa See Big Mountain

Dean, Ira See Trick Pony

Death in Vegas 28 Deaton, Ray See IIIrd Tyme Out DeBarge, Chico 53 DeBarge, El 14 De Borg, Jerry See Jesus Jones de Burgh, Chris 22 DeCaro, Dante See Hot Hot Heat Decemberists, The 55 deClouet, Theryl See Galactic de Coster, Jean Paul See 2 Unlimited Dederer, Dave See Presidents of the United States of America, The Dee, Mikkey See Dokken Also see Motörhead Deebank, Maurcie See Felt Deee-lite 9 Deep Forest 18 Deep Purple 11 Deerhoof 50 Deerhunter 66 Def Leppard 40 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Defever, Warren See His Name Is Alive DeFrance, Hugh See Christafari DeFrancesco, Joey 29 DeFranco, Buddy 31 DeFreitas, Pete See Echo and the Bunnymen Deftones 22 De Gaia, Banco 27 DeGarmo, Chris See Queensryche de Grassi, Alex 6 DeGraw, Gavin 64 Deibert, Adam Warren See Aquabats, The Deily, Ben See Lemonheads, The Deitch, Adam See Average White Band DeJohnette, Jack 7 de Jonge, Henk See Willem Breuker Kollektief Dekker, Desmond 57 Del Amitri 18 Del Rubio Triplets 21 Del the Funky Homosapien 30 Also see Gorillaz de la Cruz, Vince See Katrina and the Waves Delaet, Nathalie See Lords of Acid

Dean, Sean See Sadies, The

de la Garza, Carlos See Reel Big Fish

Dearie, Blossom 46

Delahoussaye, Ryan See Blue October

Death Cab for Cutie 49

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cumulative Musicians Index • 275

De La Luna, Shai See Lords of Acid de la Parra, Adolfo “Fito” See Canned Heat De La Pena, Jesse See Liquid Soul de la Rocha, Zack See Rage Against the Machine DeLaughter, Tim See Tripping Daisy DeLeo, Dean See Stone Temple Pilots DeLeo, Robert See Stone Temple Pilots Delerium 37 Delgado, Junior 46 Delgados, The 31 Delirious? 62 Earlier sketch in CM 33 De Lisle, Paul See Smash Mouth Dello Joio, Norman 65 Dells, The 30 Del Mar, Candy See Cramps, The DeLonge, Tom See Angels & Airwaves Delonge, Tom See Blink 182 DeLorenzo, Victor See Violent Femmes de los Angeles, Victoria 55 de Lourcqua, Helno Rota See Les Négresses Vertes Delp, Brad See Boston del Real, Emmanuel See Café Tacuba Delson, Brad See Linkin Park Del Tredici, David 35 de Lucia, Paco 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Del Vikings, The 35 DeMarcus, Jay See Rascal Flatts De Marris, Caithlin See Rainer Maria Demby, Constance 51 DeMent, Iris 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Demeski, Stanley See Luna De Meyer, Jean-Luc See Front 242

DeMudd, Pierre See Dazz Band Denes, Jay See Blue Six Dengler, Carlos See Interpol Denison, Duane See Jesus Lizard Deniz, Claire See Strawbs Dennen, Brett 66 Dennis, Garth See Black Uhuru Dennis, Rudolph “Garth” See Wailing Souls Denny, Martin 44 Denny, Sandy See Fairport Convention Also see Strawbs Denov, Ernie See Liquid Soul Densmore, John See Doors, The Dent, Cedric See Take 6 Dente, Christine See Out of the Grey Dente, Scott See Out of the Grey Denton, Sandy See Salt-N-Pepa d’Enton, Steve See Quickspace Denver, John 22 Earlier sketch in CM 1 De Oliveria, Laudir See Chicago Depeche Mode 35 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Depew, Don See Cobra Verde DePizzo, Jerry See O.A.R. De Poe, Peter See Redbone de Prume, Ivan See White Zombie Derailers, The 37 Derakh, Amir See Orgy de Reeder, Pierre See Rilo Kiley Derhak, Rob See moe. Derosier, Michael See Heart

Desert Rose Band, The 4 DeShannon, Jackie 40 Desjardins, Claude See Nylons, The Desmond, Paul 23 Des’ree 24 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Desrosiers, David See Simple Plan Dessay, Natalie 64 Destiny’s Child 33 Destri, Jimmy See Blondie Destroyer 51 Detar, Brett See Juliana Theory, The Dettman, John See Swell Dettmar, Del See Hawkwind Deupree, Jerome See Morphine Deurloo, Hermine See Willem Breuker Kollektief Deutrom, Mark See Melvins Deutsch, Stu See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics DeVaughn, Raheem 64 Devevo, Juan See Casting Crowns Devevo, Melodee See Casting Crowns DeVille, C. C. See Poison Devito, Nick See Four Seasons, The Devito, Tommy See Four Seasons, The Devlin, Adam P. See Bluetones, The Devo 13 DeVore, Darrel See Charlatans, The Devoto, Howard See Buzzcocks, The DeWald, Abby See Ditty Bops, The Dewees, James See Get Up Kids

Diamond, David See Berlin Diamond, “Dimebag” Darrell See Pantera Diamond, Jim See Dirtbombs, The Diamond, Mike “Mike D” See Beastie Boys Diamond, Neil 58 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Diamond Rio 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Di’anno, Paul See Iron Maiden Diaz, Tim See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Dibango, Manu 60 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Dick, Bob See Front Range Dick, Coby See Papa Roach Dick, Magic See J. Geils Band Dickaty, Raymond See Spiritualized Dickens, Hazel 35 Dickens, Little Jimmy 7 Dickerson, B.B. See War Dickerson, Deke 44 Dickerson, Lance See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Dickinson, Cody See North Mississippi Allstars Dickinson, Luther See North Mississippi Allstars Dickinson, Paul Bruce See Iron Maiden Dickinson, Rob See Catherine Wheel

DeWitt, Lew C. See Statler Brothers, The

Dieckmeyer, Marty See Daniel Amos

Dexter X See Man or Astroman?

Dieng, Ndiouga See Orchestra Baobab

Dexy’s Midnight Runners 46

Deming, Michael See Pernice Brothers

Derringer, Rick See McCoys, The

DeYoung, Dennis See Styx

Dierksen, Uwe See Ensemble Modern

DeMone, Gitane See Christian Death

Desaulniers, Stephen See Scud Mountain Boys

de Young, Joyce See Andrews Sisters, The

Demos, Greg See Guided By Voices

Desbrow, Audie See Great White

Diabate, Toumani 57

Dietel, Karl See Samples

Dempsey, Michael See Cure, The

Deschamps, Kim See Beck

Diagram, Andy See James

Dieterich, John See Deerhoof

Deschamps, Kim See Blue Rodeo

Diallo, Medoune See Orchestra Baobab

Dietrich, Marlene 25

Demsey, Travis See Living End, The

Diamond, David 58

Diddley, Bo 3 Diddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy” Didelot, Steve See American Music Club Didier, Daniel See Promise Ring, The Dido 46

Diermaier, Werner See Faust

Dif, René See Aqua

276 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Diffie, Joe 27 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Difford, Chris See Squeeze di Fiore, Vince See Cake DiFranco, Ani 43 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Digable Planets 15 Diggle, Steve See Buzzcocks, The Diggs, Robert “RZA” (Prince Rakeem) See Gravediggaz Also see Wu-Tang Clan Digital Underground 9 Digweed, John 44 Dilated Peoples 50 Dillard, Doug See Dillards, The Dillard, Rodney See Dillards, The Dillards, The 45 Dilling, Steve See IIIrd Tyme Out Dillon, James See Caustic Resin Also see Built to Spill Dillon, Jerome See Nine Inch Nails Dillon, Phyllis 53 Dilworth, Joe See Stereolab DiMambro, “Angry” John See Down By Law DiMant, Leor See House of Pain Di Meola, Al 12 Dimitri from Paris 43 DiMucci, Dion See Dion Dinger, Klaus See Neu! DiNizo, Pat See Smithereens, The Dinning, Dean See Toad the Wet Sprocket Dinosaur Jr. 10 Dio, Ronnie James See Black Sabbath Also see Rainbow Dion 4

See Ensemble Modern Dishwalla 42 Dismemberment Plan 58 DiSpirito, Jim See Rusted Root DiStefano, Peter See Porno for Pyros Disturbed 42 Dittrich, John See Restless Heart Ditty Bops, The 59 Divine Comedy, The 32 Dixie Chicks 49 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Dixie Dregs 36 Dixie Hummingbirds, The 41 Dixon, George W. See Spinners, The Dixon, Jerry See Warrant Dixon, Popsy See Holmes Brothers, The Dixon, Willie 10 Dizzee Rascal 53 DJ A.M. See Crazy Town DJ Bobby B See Kottonmouth Kings DJ Domination See Geto Boys, The DJ Fuse See Digital Underground DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince 5 DJ Krush 60 D.J. Lethal See House of Pain DJ Lethal See Limp Bizkit D.J. Minutemix See P.M. Dawn DJ Muggs See Cypress Hill DJ Paul See Three 6 Mafia DJ Premier See Gang Starr DJ Ready Red See Geto Boys, The DJ Spooky 51 DJ Terminator X See Public Enemy

Dion, Celine 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12

D-Loc See Kottonmouth Kings

Diop, Massamba See Afro Celt Sound System

DMC See Run DMC

Dire Straits 22

Dmochowski, Wojtek See Blue Aeroplanes, The

Dirks, Michael See Gwar

DMX 25

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Doe, John See X Dogbowl See King Missile Doggen See Spiritualized Dog’s Eye View 21 Doherty, Billy See Undertones, The Doherty, Denny See Mamas and the Papas Doiron, Julie 41 Dokken 16 Dokken, Don See Dokken Dolby, Monica Mimi See Brownstone Dolby, Thomas 10 Dolenz, Micky See Monkees, The Doling, Mikey See Soulfly Dollimore, Kris See Damned, The Dolmayan, John See System of a Down Dolphy, Eric 36 Dombroski, Vinnie See Sponge Domingo, Placido 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Dominici, Charlie See Dream Theater Domino, Fats 2 Domino, Floyd See Asleep at the Wheel Don, Rasa See Arrested Development Donahue, Chris See Vigilantes of Love Donahue, Jerry See Fairport Convention Donahue, Jonathan See Flaming Lips Also see Mercury Rev Donald, Tony See Simple Minds Donegan, Dan See Disturbed Donegan, Lonnie 42 Donelly, Tanya 39 Also see Belly Also see Breeders Also see Throwing Muses Donnas, The 33 Donnellan, John See Love

Donovan, Bazil See Blue Rodeo Donovan, Jeff See Paladins, The Donovan, Jim See Rusted Root Doobie Brothers, The 3 Doodlebug See Digable Planets Doom, Lorna See Germs, The Doors, The 4 Dorame, Mando See Royal Crown Revue Doran, Rob See Alkaline Trio Dorge, Michel (Mitch) See Crash Test Dummies Dorney, Tim See Republica Dorough, Bob See Pearls Before Swine Dorough, Howie See Backstreet Boys Dorrington, Paul See Wedding Present, The Dorsey, Jimmy See Dorsey Brothers, The Dorsey, Thomas A. 11 Dorsey, Tommy See Dorsey Brothers, The Dorsey Brothers, The 8 Doss, Alan See Galactic Cowboys Doss, Bill See Olivia Tremor Control Doth, Anita See 2 Unlimited Dotson, James See Fairfield Four Dott, Gerald See Incredible String Band Double K See People Under The Stairs Doucet, David See Beausoleil Doucet, Michael 8 Also see Beausoleil Doucette, Paul John See Matchbox 20 Dougans, Brian See Future Sound of London Doughty, M. See Soul Coughing Doughty, Mike 60 Doughty, Neal See REO Speedwagon

Donnelly, Elwood See Atwater-Donnelly

Douglas, Dave 29 Douglas, David See Relient K

Dirnt, Mike See Green Day Also see Screeching Weasel

D.O.A. 28

Dirty Dozen Brass Band 23

Doc Pomus 14

Donohue, Tim See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies

Dirty Three 31

Dodd, Clement Coxsone 50

Donovan 9

Douglas, Paul See Six by Seven

Dirty Vegas 48

Dodd, Peter See Thompson Twins

Donovan, Bazil See Beck

Doumbia, Mariam See Amadou & Mariam

Diry, Roland

Dobson, Lyn See Soft Machine

Donohue, Terry See Alloy Orchestra

Douglas, Jerry 52 Also see Country Gentlemen, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cumulative Musicians Index • 277

Dover, Eric See Jellyfish Doves 36 Dowd, Christopher See Fishbone Dowler, Darren See Lettermen, The Dowling, Dave See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack Down By Law 34 Downes, Geoff See Asia Downes, Geoff See Yes Downes, Oswald See Wailing Souls Downey, Brian See Thin Lizzy Downie, Gordon See Tragically Hip, The Downing, Big Al 45 Downing, K. K. See Judas Priest Downing, Will 39 Downs, Lila 49 Doyle, Alan See Great Big Sea Doyle, Al See Hot Chip Doyle, Candida See Pulp Doyle, John See Solas Dozier, Lamont See Holland-Dozier-Holland Dr. Das See Asian Dub Foundation Dr. Demento 23 Dr. Dog 62 Dr. Dre 50 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Also see N.W.A. Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show 53 Dr. John 63 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Dr. Matt Destruction See Hives, The Dragge, Fletcher See Pennywise Draiman, David See Disturbed Drake, Bobby See Hold Steady, The Drake, Nick 17 Drake, Steven See Odds Draper, Paul See Mansun

Dres See Black Sheep Drew, Dennis See 10,000 Maniacs Drew, Kevin See Broken Social Scene Drewery, Corinne See Swing Out Sister Drews, Jonathan See Sunset Valley Drifters, The 38 Driftwood, Jimmy 25 Driscoll, Gary See Rainbow Driscoll, Phil 45 Drive-By Truckers 45 D’Rivera, Paquito 46 Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ 31 D-Roc See Ying Yang Twins Droge, Pete 24 Dropkick Murphys 26 Droubay, Marc See Survivor Drozd, Stephen See Flaming Lips Dru Hill 25 Drucker, Eugene See Emerson String Quartet Drumbago See Skatalites, The Drumdini, Harry See Cramps, The Drummond, Bill See KLF, The Drummond, Don See Skatalites, The Drummond, Tom See Better Than Ezra Dryden, Spencer See Jefferson Airplane Dryden, Tim See Grandaddy Dryer, Debroah See Skunk Anansie D12 57 Dub Trio 63 Dubbe, Berend See Bettie Serveert Dube, Lucky 17 Dubeau, Angèle 47 du Berry, Belle See Paris Combo Dubstar 22 Duce, Adam See Machine Head Duck, Dennis See Dream Syndicate

Duffey, John See Country Gentlemen, The Also see Seldom Scene, The Duffhues, Niels See Gathering, The Duffy, Billy See Cult, The Duffy, Keith See Boyzone Duffy, Martin See Primal Scream Dufresne, Mark See Confederate Railroad Dugas, Sarah See Duhks, The Duggan, Noel See Clannad Duggan, Paidraig See Clannad Duhks, The 62 Duhon, Edwin See Hackberry Ramblers Duke, John See Pearls Before Swine Dukowski, Chuck See Black Flag Dulfer, Candy 35 Dulli, Greg See Afghan Whigs Dumont, Tom See No Doubt Dunbar, Aynsley See Jefferson Starship Also see Journey Also see Whitesnake Dunbar, Sly See Sly and Robbie Also see Black Uhuru Duncan, Bryan 19 Duncan, Gary See Quicksilver Messenger Service Duncan, John See Exploited, The Duncan, Malcolm “Molly” See Average White Band Duncan, Steve See Desert Rose Band, The Duncan, Stuart See Nashville Bluegrass Band

Drayton, Leslie See Earth, Wind and Fire

Dudamel, Gustavo 63

Dreadful, Garrie See Damned, The Dream Syndicate 53 Dream Theater 23 Dreja, Chris See Yardbirds, The

Dunlap, Slim See Replacements, The

See Brooks & Dunn Dunn, Trevor See Mr. Bungle Dunne, Brian See Average White Band Dunning, A.J. See Verve Pipe, The Dunning, Brian See Nightnoise DuPré, Jacqueline 26 Dupree, Champion Jack 12 Dupree, Chauntelle See Eisley Dupree, Garron See Eisley Dupree, Jesse James See Jackyl Dupree, Sherri See Eisley Dupree, Stacy See Eisley Dupree, Weston See Eisley Dupri, Jermaine 54 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Duque, Alejandro See Aterciopelados Dural, Stanley Jr. See Buckwheat Zydeco Duran Duran 45 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Durante, Mark See KMFDM Durden, Tommy 53 Duritz, Adam See Counting Crows Durrill, Johnny See Ventures, The Durst, Fred See Limp Bizkit Durutti Column, The 30 Dury, Ian 30 Dusick, Ryan See Maroon 5 Dust Brothers 32 Dusty, Slim 39 Dutt, Hank See Kronos Quartet, The Dutton, Garrett See G. Love Dutton, Lawrence See Emerson String Quartet Duvall, Matthew See eighth blackbird Dvorak, Antonin 25 Dwele 65

Dunlop, Andy See Travis

Dyble, Judy See Fairport Convention

Dunn, Donald “Duck” See Booker T. & the M.G.’s

Dunckel, Jean-Benoit See Air Dunham, Nathanel “Brad” See Five Iron Frenzy

Dunn, Holly 7

Dylan, Bob 58 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Duenas, Fain See Radio Tarifa

Dunn, Larry See Earth, Wind and Fire

Dylan, Jakob See Wallflowers, The

Dufay, Rick See Aerosmith

Dunn, Ronnie Gene See Brooks & Dunn

Dyrason, Orri Páll See Sigur Rós

Duff, Hilary 52

Dunn, Ronnie

E., Sheila

Dudley, Anne See Art of Noise

278 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Sheila E. E See eels Eacrett, Chris See Our Lady Peace Eagle, Dancing See Supersuckers Eaglen, Jane 36 Eagles, The 46 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Eaglesmith, Fred 60 Eaglestone, Robin See Cradle of Filth Earl, Roger See Foghat Earl, Roger See Savoy Brown Earl, Ronnie 5 Also see Roomful of Blues Earle, Steve 43 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlimart 54 Early, Ian See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Earth, Wind and Fire 62 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Eartha 44 Easley, Joe See Dismemberment Plan East, Nathan See Fourplay Easton, Elliot See Cars, The Easton, Lynn See Kingsmen, The Easton, Sheena 2 Eazy-E 13 Also see N.W.A. Ebright, Randy See Molotov Echeverri, Andrea See Aterciopelados Echeverria, Rob See Helmet Echo and the Bunnymen 32 Echobelly 21 Echols, John See Love Ecker, Haylie See Bond Eckstine, Billy 1 Ed, John See Monster Magnet Eddy, Chris See Ceili Rain Eddy, Duane 9 Eden, Sean See Luna Eder, Linda 30 Edge, Graeme See Moody Blues, The Edge, The See U2 Edison, Harry “Sweets” 29 Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface” 57 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Edmonds, Lu See Damned, The Edmonton, Jerry See Steppenwolf Edmunds, Dave 28 Edson, Richard See Sonic Youth Edward, Scott See Bluetones, The Edwards, Bernard See Chic Edwards, Dennis See Temptations, The Edwards, Edgar See Spinners, The Edwards, Gordon See Kinks, The Also see Pretty Things, The Edwards, Johnny See Foreigner Edwards, John See Spinners, The Edwards, John See Status Quo Edwards, Kathleen 55 Edwards, Leroy “Lion” See Mystic Revealers Edwards, Mark See Aztec Camera Edwards, Michael James See Jesus Jones Edwards, Mike See Electric Light Orchestra Edwards, Nokie See Ventures, The Edwards, Richie See Darkness, The Edwards, Skye See Morcheeba Edwards, Stoney 55 Edwards, Teddy 44 Edwards, Tom See Spiritualized Edwardson, Dave See Neurosis eels 57 Earlier sketch in CM 29 E-40 46 Efrem, Towns See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Egan, Bob See Wilco Egan, Kian See Westlife Egan, Seamus See Solas Egan, Siobhan See Cherish the Ladies

808 State 31 Einheit See Einstürzende Neubauten Einheit, F.M. See KMFDM Einstürzende Neubauten 13 Einziger, Michael See Incubus Eisenstein, Michael See Letters to Cleo Eisentrager, Thor See Cows, The Eisley 64 Eitzel, Mark See American Music Club Ekberg, Ulf See Ace of Base Eklund, Greg See Everclear El Gran Combo 39 El Hefe See NOFX El Amin, Kush See French Kicks Elastica 29 Eldon, Thór See Sugarcubes, The Eldridge, Ben See Seldom Scene, The Eldridge, Roy 9 Also see McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Electric Light Orchestra 7 Elephant Man 48 Elf Power 30 Elfman, Danny 9 Also see Oingo Boingo El-Hadi, Sulieman See Last Poets Elias, Eliane 50 Elias, Hanin See Atari Teenage Riot Elias, Manny See Tears for Fears Elizabeth, Tania See Duhks, The Ellefson, Dave See Megadeth Elling, Kurt 31

Ehart, Phil See Kansas

Elliott, Dennis See Foreigner

Ehran See Lords of Acid

Elliott, Doug See Odds

Eicher, Manfred 38

Elliott, Joe See Def Leppard

Eid, Tamer See Emmet Swimming eighth blackbird 57

Ellington, Duke 2 Elliot, Cass 5 Also see Mamas and the Papas Elliot, Ira See Nada Surf Elliot, Melissa See His Name Is Alive Elliott, Bobby See Hollies, The

Elliott, Missy 57 Earlier sketch in CM 30

Elliott, Ramblin’ Jack 32 Elliott, Ron See Beau Brummels Ellis, Arti See Pearls Before Swine Ellis, Bobby See Skatalites, The Ellis, Herb 18 Ellis, Ingrid See Sweet Honey in the Rock Ellis, John See Cinematic Orchestra Ellis, John See Stranglers, The Ellis, Keith See Van der Graaf Generator Ellis, Robert See La Bottine Souriante Ellis, Rob See Swell Ellis, Terry See En Vogue Ellis, Warren See Dirty Three Ellis-Bextor, Sophie 62 Ellison, Rahsaan See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Ellman, Ben See Galactic Ellyson, Sally See Hem Elmore, Greg See Quicksilver Messenger Service Elms, The 44 ELO See Electric Light Orchestra Elswit, Rik See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Ely, Jack See Kingsmen, The Ely, Joe 52 Also see Flatlanders, The Ely, John See Asleep at the Wheel Ely, Vince See Cure, The Also see Psychedelic Furs Elzhi See Slum Village Emerson, Bill See Country Gentlemen, The Emerson, Darren See Underworld Emerson, Jack See Jason & the Scorchers Emerson, Keith See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell 5 Emerson String Quartet 33 Emerson-Elliott, Cameron See Youth Group Emert, Alan See Brave Combo

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Emery, James See String Trio of New York Emery, Jill See Hole Eminem 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Also see D12 Eminovic, Asmet See Boban Markovic Orkestar Eminovic, Dragoljub See Boban Markovic Orkestar Eminovic, Isidor See Boban Markovic Orkestar Emmanuel, Tommy 62 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Emmerson, Simon See Afro Celt Sound System Emmet Swimming 24 Emmich, Val 66 Empire, Alec See Atari Teenage Riot En Vogue 10 Endo, Nic See Atari Teenage Riot Engemann, Bob See Lettermen, The English, Janet See Spiderbait English, Michael 23 English, Richard See Flaming Lips English Beat, The 9 Enigk, Jeremy 61 Also see Sunny Day Real Estate Enigma 32 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Eno, Brian 49 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see Roxy Music Eno, Jim See Spoon Enos, Bob See Roomful of Blues Enright, Pat See Nashville Bluegrass Band Ensemble Modern 39 Entner, Warren See Grass Roots, The Entwistle, John See Who, The

See Eric B. and Rakim Eric B. and Rakim 9 Erickson, Roky 16 Also see 13th Floor Elevators Erikson, Duke See Garbage Eriksson, John See Peter Bjorn and John Erlandson, Eric See Hole Erlandsson, Adrian See Cradle of Filth Erna, Sully See Godsmack Erner, Jeff “The Shark” See Dropkick Murphys Eroica Trio 47 Errico, Greg See Sly & the Family Stone Also see Quicksilver Messenger Service Erskine, Peter See Weather Report Ertegun, Ahmet 10 Ertegun, Nesuhi 24 Ertel, Janet See Chordettes, The Erwin, Emily See Dixie Chicks Erwin, Jake See Hot Club of Cowtown Esch, En See KMFDM Also see Pigface Escoriza, Benjamin See Radio Tarifa Escovedo, Alejandro 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 ESG 45 Eshe, Montsho See Arrested Development Eskelin, Ellery 31 Eskelin, Ian 19 Esler-Smith, Frank See Air Supply Esperance, Tobin See Papa Roach Espinoza, Aaron See Earlimart Esquivel, Juan 17

Enya 32 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Clannad

Estefan, Gloria 63 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Eoin, Marcus See Boards of Canada

Estelle 66

EPMD 10

Esthero 58

Eppard, Josh See Coheed and Cambria

Estms, Shep See Lane, Fred

Epstein, Howie See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers

Estrada, Erik-Michael See O-Town

Erasure 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Erchick, Peter See Olivia Tremor Control Eric B.

Estes, Sleepy John 25

Cumulative Musicians Index • 279

Etheridge, John See Soft Machine Etheridge, Melissa 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Ethridge, Chris See Flying Burrito Brothers Eubanks, Jerry See Marshall Tucker Band Eubanks, Kevin 35 Eurythmics 31 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Evan, John See Jethro Tull Evan and Jaron 38 Evanescence 53 Evans, Alan See Soulive Evans, Anne 46 Evans, Audrey See Mediaeval Baebes Evans, Bill 17 Evans, Bill See Beulah Evans, Dick “Dik” See U2 Evans, Faith 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Evans, Garth See Paragons, The Evans, Gil 17 Evans, Guy See Van der Graaf Generator Evans, John See Box Tops, The Evans, Lynn See Chordettes, The Evans, Mark See AC/DC Evans, Neal See Soulive Evans, Nick See Brotherhood of Breath Also see Soft Machine Evans, Sandy See Clarion Fracture Zone Evans, Sara 60 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Evans, Shane See Collective Soul Evans, Tom See Badfinger Eve 34 Eve 6 31 Evelyn, George See Nightmares on Wax Evenson, Chris See Sense Field Everclear 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Everett, Betty 47

Estrada, Roy See Little Feat Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Everlast 27 Also see House of Pain

Estrin, Dan See Hoobastank

Everly, Phil See Everly Brothers, The

Everly, Don See Everly Brothers, The

Everly Brothers, The 2 Everman, Jason See Soundgarden Everything But The Girl 40 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Evidence See Dilated Peoples Evora, Cesaria 19 Ewen, Alvin See Steel Pulse Ewolf See Dirtbombs, The Ex, The 28 Exkano, Paul See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Exploited, The 60 Exposé 4 Extreme 10 Ezell, Ralph See Shenandoah Fabian 5 Fabian, Lara 34 Fabolous 47 Fabulous Thunderbirds, The 1 Face to Face 50 Faces, The 22 Fadden, Jimmie See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Fafara, Dez See Coal Chamber Fagen, Donald See Steely Dan Fagenson, Tony See Eve 6 Fahey, Brian See Paladins, The Fahey, John 17 Fahey, Siobhan See Bananarama Faint, The 53 Fairchild, Jim See Grandaddy Fairchild, Karen See Little Big Town Fairfield Four 49 Fairfoull, Bob See Idlewild Fairport Convention 22 Fairs, Jim See Pearls Before Swine Faith, Percy 43 Faith No More 7 Faithfull, Marianne 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Faithless 37 Fakir, Abdul “Duke” See Four Tops, The Falcone, Tom See Cute Is What We Aim For Falconer, Earl See UB40 Falkner, Jason 57 Also see Jellyfish Fall, The 12 Fall Out Boy 57 Fältskog, Agnetha

280 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Abba Falzone, Chuck See Flying Luttenbachers, The Fambrough, Henry See Spinners, The Fame, Georgie See Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings Fame, Lil’ See M.O.P. Fancey, Todd See New Pornographers, The Fanciullo, Marshall See Ludo Fankhauser, Merrell 24 Fanning, Bernard See Powderfinger Farag, Andy See Umphrey’s McGee Farina, Geoff See Karate Farkas, Wally See Galactic Cowboys Farley, J. J. See Soul Stirrers, The Farlow, Billy C. See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Farndon, Pete See Pretenders, The Farner, Mark See Grand Funk Railroad Farnham, John 32 Farnsworth, Ed See Bardo Pond Farr, Karl Marx See Sons of the Pioneers Farr, Thomas Hubert See Sons of the Pioneers Farrar, Don See Four Lads, The Farrar, Jay 46 Also see Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Farrar, Jimmy See Molly Hatchet Farrar, John See Shadows, The Farrar, Marcus See Antibalas Farrar, Sam See Phantom Planet Farrell, Darren See Linkin Park Farrell, Frank See Supertramp Farrell, James See Flamin’ Groovies Farrell, Perry See Jane’s Addiction Also see Porno for Pyros Farrer, Rob See Divine Comedy, The Farris, Dionne See Arrested Development Farris, Tim

See Israel Vibration Farriss, Andrew See INXS Farriss, Jon See INXS Farriss, Tim See INXS Farro, Josh See Paramore Farro, Zac See Paramore Fassie, Brenda 50 Fast See Fun Lovin’ Criminals Fastbacks, The 29 Fastball 32 Fat Joe 42 Fat Mike See NOFX Fatboy Slim 22 Fat Boys, The 47 Fateman, Johanna See Le Tigre Fatone, Joey See ’N Sync Fats, Hollywood See Blasters, The Fatt, Jeff See Wiggles, The Faulkner, Andy See Saints, The Faulkner, Dave See Hoodoo Gurus Faussart, Celia See Les Nubians Faussart, Helene See Les Nubians Faust 32 Fauver, Joshua See Deerhunter Fay, Bob See Sebadoh Fay, Johnny See Tragically Hip, The Fay, Martin See Chieftains, The Fayad, Frank See Love Faydoe Deelay See Crazy Town Fear Factory 27 Fearless, Richard See Death in Vegas Fearman, Eric See Dazz Band Fearnley, James See Pogues, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Feigelson, Yosif 35 Feinstein, Michael 6 Feist 55 Feist, Leslie See Broken Social Scene Fela See Kuti, Fela Felber, Dean See Hootie and the Blowfish Felder, Don See Eagles, The Feldman, Eric Drew See Pere Ubu Also see Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Feldman, Morton 42 Feldmann, John See Goldfinger Feliciano, José 10 Felix, Frank See Acoustic Alchemy Felix da Housecat 44 Fell, Simon H. 32 Felt 32 Felumlee, Mike See Alkaline Trio Fender, Freddy See Texas Tornados, The Fender, Leo 10 Fenech, P. See Los Lonely Boys Fenn, Rick See 10cc Fennell, Kevin See Guided By Voices Fennelle, Tony See Ultravox Fennelly, Gere See Redd Kross Fent-Lister, Johnny See Lane, Fred Fenwick, Ray See Spencer Davis Group Ferbee, Willie See Drifters, The Ferguson, Doug See Camel Ferguson, Eliot See Gogol Bordello Ferguson, Jay See Sloan Ferguson, Jay See Spirit Ferguson, Keith See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Ferguson, Maynard 7

Feathers, Charlie 40

Ferguson, Mike See Charlatans, The

Feedback, Captain See Rube Waddell

Ferguson, Neil See Chumbawamba

Feehily, Mark See Westlife

Ferguson, Stacey “Fergie” See Black Eyed Peas

Fehlmann, Thomas See Orb, The

Ferguson, Steve See Imperials, The

Fehn, Chris See Slipknot

Ferguson, Steve See NRBQ

Fernandes, John See Olivia Tremor Control Fernandez, Alejandro 43 Fernandez, Julio See Spyro Gyra Fernández, Pedro 49 Fernandez, Vicente 42 Ferrante, Russell See Yellowjackets Ferreira, Hugo See Tantric Ferreira, Justin See Reel Big Fish Ferrell, Rachelle 17 Ferrell, Tim See Ludo Ferrer, Frank See Love Spit Love Ferrer, Ibrahim 44 Also see Orchestra Baobab Ferrone, Steve See Average White Band Ferry, Adam See O.C. Supertones, The Ferry, Bryan 1 Also see Roxy Music Fher See Maná Ficca, Billy See Television Fiedler, Arthur 6 Fiedler, Joshua See Juliana Theory, The Fiedler, Margaret See Laika Fieger, Doug See Knack, The Field, Anthony See Wiggles, The Fielder, Jim See Blood, Sweat and Tears Fields, Brandon See Rippingtons Fields, Johnny See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Fieldy See Korn Fier, Anton See Golden Palominos Also see Pere Ubu Fifth Dimension 36 50 Cent 55 Filan, Shane See Westlife Filice, Dave See Great White Filter 28 Finch, Adrian See Elf Power Finch, Carl See Brave Combo Finch, Jennifer See L7 Finch, Richard See KC and the Sunshine Band Finck, Robin

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Nine Inch Nails Finckel, David See Emerson String Quartet Findlay, Tom See Groove Armada Findley, Marie See Mediaeval Baebes Fine, Vivian 42 Fine Young Cannibals 22 Finer, Jem See Pogues, The Finestone, Peter See Bad Religion Finger Eleven 66 Fink, Jr., Rat See Alien Sex Fiend Finn, Craig See Hold Steady, The Finn, Jason See Presidents of the United States of America, The Finn, Micky See T. Rex Finn, Neil 34 Also see Crowded House Finn, Neil See Crowded House Finn, Tim See Crowded House fIREHOSE 11 Fischer, Kyle See Rainer Maria Fischer, Matt See Minty Fischer, Warren See Screeching Weasel Fish, Ginger See Marilyn Manson Fish, Pat See Jazz Butcher, The Fishbone 7 Fisher, Brandon See Superdrag Fisher, Eddie 12 Fisher, Jerry See Blood, Sweat and Tears Fisher, John “Norwood” See Fishbone Fisher, Morgan See Mott the Hoople

Cumulative Musicians Index • 281

Fontana, Carl 47

See Bronx, The Ford, John See Strawbs Ford, Lita 9 Also see Runaways, The Ford, Marc See Black Crowes, The Ford, Maya See Donnas, The Ford, Mike See Moxy Früvous Ford, Penny See Soul II Soul Ford, Robben 54 Ford, Robert “Peg” See Golden Gate Quartet Ford, T-Model 41 Ford, Tennessee Ernie 3 Forde, Brinsley “Dan” See Aswad Fordham, Julia 15 Foreigner 21 Foreman, Chris See Madness Foreman, Jonathan See Switchfoot Foreman, Tim See Switchfoot Forgarino, Sam See Interpol Forrester, A.C. See Of Montreal Forrester, Alan See Mojave 3 Forsi, Ken See Surfaris, The Forster, Ariane See Slits, The Forster, Robert See Go-Betweens, The Forte, Juan See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Fortune, J.D. See INXS Fortune, Jimmy See Statler Brothers, The Fortus, Richard See Love Spit Love

Foo, Sharin See Raveonettes, The

Fossen, Steve See Heart

Foo Fighters 58 Earlier sketch in CM 20

Foss-Rose, Rayna See Coal Chamber

Foote, Dick See Lane, Fred

Foster, Ben See Screeching Weasel

Forbes, China See Musiq

Foster, David 60 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Forbes, Derek See Simple Minds

Foster, Denzil See Club Nouveau

Flint, Keith See Prodigy

Forbes, Graham See Incredible String Band

Foster, Malcolm See Pretenders, The

Fitzgerald, Kevin See Geraldine Fibbers

Floetry 49 Flogging Molly 66

Ford, Frankie See Pretty Things, The

Foster, Murry See Moxy Früvous

Fitzpatrick, John See Nightnoise

Flores, Rosie 50 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Ford, Frazey See Be Good Tanyas

Foster, Paul See Soul Stirrers, The

Five Blind Boys of Alabama 12

Florida Boys, The 42

Ford, Joby

Foster, Radney 16

Fisher, Phillip “Fish” See Fishbone Fisher, Roger See Heart Fishman, Jon See Phish Fishman, Jon See Phish Fisk, Rob See Deerhoof Fitzgerald, Ella 1

Five for Fighting 36 Five Iron Frenzy 26 5 Browns, The 59 5,6,7,8’s, The 56 54-40 37 Fixsen, Guy See Laika Fixx, The 33 Flack, Roberta 5 Flakus, Walter See Stabbing Westward Flamin’ Groovies 42 Flaming Lips 48 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Flamingos, The 36 Flanagan, Tommy 16 Flanagin, Craig See God Is My Co-Pilot Flannery, Sean See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Flansburgh, John See They Might Be Giants Flash, Flying Johnny See Lanternjack, The Flatlanders, The 43 Flatt, Lester 3 Flavor Flav See Public Enemy Flea See Red Hot Chili Peppers Fleck, Béla 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Also see New Grass Revival, The Fleetwood, Mick See Fleetwood Mac Fleetwood Mac 44 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Fleischmann, Robert See Journey Fleisig, Alexis See Girls Against Boys Fleming, Renee 24 Flemion, Dennis See Frogs, The Also see Smashing Pumpkins Flemion, Jimmy See Frogs, The Flemons, Dom See Carolina Chocolate Drops Flemons, Wade See Earth, Wind and Fire Flesch, Greg See Daniel Amos Flesh-N-Bone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Fletcher, Andy See Depeche Mode Fletcher, Guy See Dire Straits

Flotsam and Jetsam 54 Flower, James See Six by Seven Flowers, Brandon See Killers, The Flowers, Luke See Cinematic Orchestra Floyd, Heather See Point of Grace Fluoride, Klaus See Dead Kennedys Flür, Wolfgang See James Gang Also see Kraftwerk Flying Burrito Brothers 44 Flying Saucer Attack 29 Flying Luttenbachers, The 28 Flynn, Frank Emilio 37 Flynn, Pat See New Grass Revival, The Flynn, Robert See Machine Head Fogelberg, Dan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Fogerty, John 60 Earlier Sketch in CM 2 Also see Creedence Clearwater Revival Fogerty, Thomas See Creedence Clearwater Revival Foghat 45 Folds, Ben 50 Also see Ben Folds Five Foley See Arrested Development Folk Implosion, The 28 Followill, Caleb See Kings of Leon Followill, Jared See Kings of Leon Followill, Matthew See Kings of Leon Followill, Nathan See Kings of Leon Fonseca, Celso 47 Fontamillas, Jerome See Switchfoot

282 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Foster, Willie 36 Fountain, Clarence See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Fountain, Pete 7 Fountains of Wayne 53 Earlier sketch in CM 26 4Him 23 Four Lads, The 41 Fourplay 66 Four Seasons, The 24 Four Tops, The 11 Fowler, Bruce “Fossil Fowler” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Fowler, Buren See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Fowlkes, Jeff See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Fox, Jackie See Runaways, The Fox, Jim See James Gang Fox, Ken See Jason & the Scorchers Fox, Lucas See Motörhead Fox, Oz See Stryper Fox, Samantha 3 Foxton, Bruce See Jam, The Foxwell Baker, Iain Richard See Jesus Jones Foxx, Jamie 62 Foxx, John 56 Also see Ultravox Foxx, Leigh See Blondie Fraiture, Nikolai See Strokes, The Frame, Roddy See Aztec Camera Frampton, Peter 62 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Humble Pie France, Phil See Cinematic Orchestra Francis, Barrington See Saints, The Francis, Billy See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Francis, Black See Black, Frank Also see Pixies, The Francis, Connie 10

See Tangerine Dream Frankenstein, Jeff See Newsboys, The Frankie Goes to Hollywood 31 Frankie J. 58 Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers 24 Franklin, Adam See Swervedriver Franklin, Aretha 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Franklin, Elmo See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Franklin, Farrah See Destiny’s Child Franklin, Kirk 22 Franklin, Larry See Asleep at the Wheel Franklin, Melvin See Temptations, The Franti, Michael 66 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Spearhead Frantz, Chris See Gorillaz Also see Talking Heads Franz Ferdinand 58 Fraser, Andy See Free Fraser, Elizabeth See Cocteau Twins, The Frater, Shaun See Fairport Convention Fray, The 66 Frazier, Keith “Bass Drum Shorty” See Rebirth Brass Band Frazier, Philip See Rebirth Brass Band Frazier, Stan See Sugar Ray Frechette, Denis See La Bottine Souriante Frechette, Jean See La Bottine Souriante Frederic, Dreux “Li’l Fizz” See B2K Frederiksen, Lars See Rancid Fredriksson, Marie See Roxette Free 44 Freed, Alan 36 Freed, Audley See Black Crowes, The Freel, David See Swell

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Freese, Josh See Perfect Circle, A Also see Suicidal Tendencies Frehley, Ace See Kiss Freiberg, David See Jefferson Starship Also see Quicksilver Messenger Service Freire, Jose See Bacilos Fremerman, Elana See Hot Club of Cowtown French, Frank See Cake French, Jay See Twisted Sister French, John “Drumbo” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band French, Mark See Beck French, Mark See Blue Rodeo French Kicks 60 Frenett, John See Laika Frenette, Matthew See Loverboy Freni, Mirella 14 Frescone, Todd See Relient K Fresh, Mannie See Big Tymers, The Freshwater, John See Alien Sex Fiend Frey, Chris See Destroyer Frey, Glenn 3 Also see Eagles, The Fricke, Janie 33 Fricker, Sylvia See Ian and Sylvia Fridmann, Dave See Mercury Rev Friedman, Kinky 35 Friedman, Marty See Megadeth Friel, Tony See Fall, The Friend, Eric See Spoon Friesen, David 41 Friesen, John See Player Frightened Rabbit 66

See Chanticleer Frizzell, Lefty 10 Frobusch, Nichole See Mediaeval Baebes Froese, Edgar See Tangerine Dream Froggatt, Thomas See VAST Frogs, The 31 Fröhlich, Frank 32 Front Line Assembly 20 Front Range 43 Front 242 19 Froom, Mitchell 15 Frost, Craig See Grand Funk Railroad Frost, Edith 40 Frost, James See Automatic, The Frugone, Pedro “Archi” See La Ley Frugone, Pedro See La Ley Fruitbat See Carter USM Frusciante, John 56 Also see Red Hot Chili Peppers Fu Manchu 22 Fudesco, Derek See Murder City Devils Fuel 27 Fuentes, Tito See Molotov Fugazi 13 Fugees, The 17 Fugs, The 35 Fujiyama, Sashiko See 5,6,7,8’s, The Fujiyama, Yoshiko See 5,6,7,8’s, The Fulber, Rhys See Delerium Also see Front Line Assembly Full Force 36 Fuller, Blind Boy 20 Fuller, Craig See Little Feat Fuller, Craig See Pure Prairie League Fuller, Jim See Surfaris, The Fulson, Lowell 20 Fulton, Willie See Tower of Power Fun Lovin’ Criminals 20 Funahara, O. Chosei See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics

Freeman, Aaron See Ween

Fripp, Robert 9 Also see King Crimson

Freeman, Chico 49

Franco 39

Freeman, Isaac See Fairfield Four

Frischmann, Justine Elinor See Elastica Also see Suede

Francolini, Dave See Dark Star

Freeman, Matt See Rancid

Frisell, Bill 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Franey, Ian See 54-40

Freeman, Russ See Rippingtons

Frith, Fred 19 Also see Golden Palominos

Fuqua, Charlie See Ink Spots

Franke, Chris

Freeman, Von 48

Fritzsche, Chris

Fuqua, Harvey

Francis, David “Panama” 37 Francis, Michael See Asleep at the Wheel

Funches, Johnny See Dells, The Funk, Chris See Decemberists, The Funk Brothers 42

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Moonglows, The Furay, Richie See Buffalo Springfield Furey, Eddie See Fureys, The Furey, Finbar See Fureys, The Furey, George See Fureys, The Furey, Paul See Fureys, The Fureys, The 41 Furler, Peter See Newsboys, The Furlong, Eric See Sunset Valley Furr, John See Treadmill Trackstar Furstenfeld, Jeremy See Blue October Furstenfeld, Justin See Blue October Furtado, Nelly 47 Furuholmen, Magne See A-ha Futter, Brian See Catherine Wheel Future Sound of London 41 Fuzz See Disturbed G. Love 24 Gabay, Yuval See Soul Coughing Gabel, Tom See Against Me! Gabler, Milton 25 Gabriel, Ana 44 Gabriel, Juan 31 Gabriel, Peter 16 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Genesis Gaby See Les Négresses Vertes Gacy, Madonna Wayne See Marilyn Manson Gadler, Frank See NRBQ Gaelic Storm 52 Gaffney, Eric See Sebadoh Gagliardi, Ed See Foreigner Gahan, Dave See Depeche Mode Gaillard, Slim 31 Gaines, Jeffrey 34 Gaines, Steve See Lynyrd Skynyrd

See Orioles, The Gaither Vocal Band 38 Galactic 44 Galactic Cowboys 62 Galás, Diamanda 16 Galaxie 500 33 Gale, Melvyn See Electric Light Orchestra Galea, Darren See Jamiroquai Galimir, Felix 36 Galindo, Dan See 13th Floor Elevators Gallagher, Liam See Oasis Gallagher, Noel See Oasis Galliano, Richard 58 Galloway, Ruth See Mediaeval Baebes Gallucci, Dann See Murder City Devils Gallucci, Don See Kingsmen, The Gallup, Simon See Cure, The Gallupe, Brooke See Immaculate Machine Galore, Lady See Lords of Acid Galvin, John See Molly Hatchet Galway, James 3 Gambill, Roger See Kingston Trio, The Gamble, Cheryl “Coko” See SWV Gamboa, Steve See Make-Up, The Gane, Tim See Stereolab Gang of Four 8 Gang Starr 13 Gangsta Boo See Three 6 Mafia Gannon, Craig See Aztec Camera Gano, Gordon See Violent Femmes Ganser, Marge See Shangri-Las, The Ganser, Mary Ann See Shangri-Las, The Ganucheau, Ray See Continental Drifters Gap Band, The 42 Garbage 55 Earlier sketch in CM 25

Gaines, Timothy See Stryper

Cumulative Musicians Index • 283

Garrett, Peter See Midnight Oil

Gary Puckett and the Union Gap 45 Garza, Henry See Los Lonely Boys Garza, JoJo See Los Lonely Boys Garza, Josh See Secret Machines Garza, Jr., Ringo See Los Lonely Boys Garza, Rob See Thievery Corporation Gaskill, Jerry See King’s X Gaston, Asa See Lane, Fred Gately, Stephen See Boyzone Gates, David See Bread Gates, Jimmy Jr. See Silk Gathering, The 62 Gatton, Danny 16 Gaudio, Bob See Four Seasons, The Gaudreau, Jimmy See Country Gentlemen, The Gaugh, Bud See Long Beach Dub All Stars Gaugh, IV, “Bud” Floyd See Sublime Gauthier, Mary 54 Gavurin, David See Sundays, The Gay, Marc See Shai Gayden, Mac See Pearls Before Swine Gaye, Angus “Drummie Zeb” See Aswad Gaye, Marvin 4 Gayle, Charles 35 Gayle, Crystal 1 Gaylor, Chris See All-American Rejects, The Gaynor, Adam See Matchbox 20 Gaynor, Gloria 36

Garrett, Scott See Cult, The

Gaynor, Mel See Simple Minds

Garrison, Chuck See Superchunk

Gayol, Rafael “Danny” See BoDeans

Garside, Melanie See Mediaeval Baebes

Geary, Paul See Extreme

Garth, Al See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The

Geddes, Chris See Belle and Sebastian

Garbarek, Jan 30

Garvey, Chuck See moe.

Gedge, David See Wedding Present, The

Garcia, Dean See Curve

Garvey, Joe See Hinder

Gainsbourg, Serge 41

Garcia, Jerry 4 Also see Grateful Dead, The

Garvey, Steve See Buzzcocks, The

Gee, Rosko See Can Also see Traffic Geffen, David 8

Gaither, Bill 53 Also see Gaither Vocal Band

Garcia, Kevin See Grandaddy

Gary, Bruce See Knack, The

Geils, J. See J. Geils Band

Gaither, Tommy

Garcia, Leddie

Gary, John 65

Gelb, Howe

Gainey, Ted See Blue Mountain

See Poi Dog Pondering Garcia, Marcos See Antibalas Garcia, Teca See Tijuana No! Gardel, Carlos 57 Gardener, Mark See Ride Gardiner, John Eliot 26 Gardner, Adam See Guster Gardner, Carl See Coasters, The Gardner, Kori See Mates of State Gardner, Suzi See L7 Gare, Lou See AMM Garfat, Jance See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Garfunkel, Art 4 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Gargiulo, Lulu See Fastbacks, The Garibaldi, Dave See Tower of Power Garland, Judy 6 Garner, Erroll 25 Garner, Josh See Florida Boys, The Garnes, Sherman See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers Garnier, Laurent 29 Garone, Gerard See Radio 4 Garrard, Stuart See Delirious? Garrett, Amos See Pearls Before Swine Garrett, Kenny 28 Garrett, Megan See Casting Crowns Garrett, Nick See Amici Forever

284 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Giant Sand Geldof, Bob 9 Gendel, Keith See Papas Fritas Gene Loves Jezebel 27 Genensky, Marsha See Anonymous 4 Genesis 4 Gengler, Matthew See Aloha Genn, Dave See Matthew Good Band Gentling, Matt See Archers of Loaf Gentry, Bobbie 46 Gentry, Teddy Wayne See Alabama Gentry, Troy See Montgomery Gentry Genzale, John See New York Dolls, The George, Boy See Culture Club George, Brian “B-Fine” See Full Force George, Inara 65 George, Jr., Lucien “Bow-Legged Lou” See Full Force George, Lowell See Little Feat George, Paul Anthony See Full Force George, Rocky See Suicidal Tendencies George, Stephen See Swervedriver Georges, Bernard See Throwing Muses Georgiev, Ivan See Tuxedomoon Geraghty, Dave See Bell X1 Geraldine Fibbers 21 Gerber, Scott See Giant Sand Gergiev, Valery 58 Gerhard-García, Alexandra 41 Germano, Lisa 18 Germs, The 54 Gerrard, Lisa 49 Also see Dead Can Dance Gerrard, Vic See Derailers, The

Gershwin, George and Ira 11

Ghostface Killah 33 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Giallombardo, Phil See James Gang Giammalvo, Chris See Madder Rose Gianni, Angelo See Treadmill Trackstar Giant Sand 30 Gibb, Barry See Bee Gees, The Gibb, Maurice See Bee Gees, The Gibb, Robin See Bee Gees, The Gibbard, Ben See Death Cab for Cutie Gibbins, Mike See Badfinger Gibbons, Beth See Portishead Gibbons, Billy See ZZ Top Gibbons, Ian See Kinks, The Gibbons, John See Bardo Pond Gibbons, Michael See Bardo Pond Gibbs, Rich See Oingo Boingo Gibbs, Terry 35 Giblin, John See Simple Minds Gibson, Bob 23 Gibson, Debbie See Gibson, Deborah Gibson, Deborah 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Gibson, Don 58 Gibson, Wilf See Electric Light Orchestra Giddens, Rhiannon See Carolina Chocolate Drops Gifford, Alex See Propellerheads Also see Electric Light Orchestra Gifford, Katharine See Stereolab Gifford, Peter See Midnight Oil Gift, Roland 3 Also see Fine Young Cannibals Gift of Gab See Blackalicious Giguere, Russ See Association, The

Gessle, Per See Roxette

Gil, Gilberto 61 Earlier sketch in CM 26

Get Up Kids 41

Gilbert, Bruce See Wire

Gershman, Benj See O.A.R.

Geto Boys, The 11 Getz, Stan 12 Gheorghiu, Angela 38

Gilbert, Chad See New Found Glory

Ghomeshi, Jian See Moxy Früvous

Gilbert, Gillian See New Order

Ghost 24

Gilbert, John

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Rebirth Brass Band Gilbert, Michael See Flotsam and Jetsam Gilbert, Nick See Felt Gilbert, Nicole Nicci See Brownstone Gilbert, Paul See Mr. Big Gilbert, Ronnie See Weavers, The Gilbert, Simon See Suede Gilberto, Astrud 44 Gilberto, Bebel 51 Gilberto, João 33 Gilby, Dave See Pursuit of Happiness, The Gilchrist, Chad See His Name Is Alive Giles, Michael See King Crimson Gilkinson, Jeff See Dillards, The Gilkyson, Eliza 58 Gilkyson, Tony See X Gill, Andy See Gang of Four Gill, George See Wire Gill, Janis See Sweethearts of the Rodeo Gill, Johnny 20 Gill, Ped See Frankie Goes To Hollywood Gill, Pete See Motörhead Gill, Todd See Lucero Gill, Vince 61 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Pure Prairie League Gillan, Ian See Deep Purple Also see Black Sabbath Gillard, Doug See Cobra Verde Gillespie, Bobby See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Also see Primal Scream Gillespie, Dizzy 6 Gillette, Mic See Tower of Power Gilley, Mickey 7 Gillies, Ben See Silverchair Gillingham, Charles See Counting Crows

Also see Flatlanders, The Gilmore, Mike See Northwoods Improvisers Gilmore, Skillet See Whiskeytown Gilmore, Thea 48 Gilmour, David See Pink Floyd Gilvear, Marcus See Gene Loves Jezebel Gin Blossoms 18 Gingold, Josef 6 Ginn, Greg See Black Flag Ginsberg, Allen 26 Ginuwine 34 Gioia See Exposé Giorgini, Mass See Screeching Weasel Gipp, Cameron “Big Gipp” See Goodie Mob Gipson, Barney See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Gipsy Kings, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Giraldo, Andres See Aterciopelados Giraudy, Miquitte See Gong Girls Against Boys 31 Gittleman, Joe See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Giuffre, Jimmy 64 Glabicki, Michael See Rusted Root Glamorre, Matthew See Minty Glascock, John See Jethro Tull Glaser, Gabby See Luscious Jackson Glass, Daniel See Royal Crown Revue Glass, David See Christian Death Glass, Eddie See Fu Manchu Glass, Philip 47 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Glasser, Jason See Clem Snide Glazer, Tom 48 Glen See Christafari Glenn, Devon See Buckcherry Glenn, Gary See Silk Glenn, Glen 66

Gillingham, Charlie See Counting Crows

Glenn, J. See My Morning Jacket

Gillis, Steve See Filter

Glennie, Evelyn 33

Gilman, Billy 34

Glennie, Jim See James

Gilmore, Jimmie Dale 11

Glitter, Gary 19

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Glover, Corey See Living Colour Glover, Leroy See ESG Glover, Roger See Deep Purple Also see Rainbow Gnarls Barkley 64 Gnewikow, Jason See Promise Ring, The Gobel, Robert See Kool & the Gang Go-Betweens, The 28 Goble, Brian Roy See D.O.A. God Is My Co-Pilot 29 Godchaux, Donna See Grateful Dead, The Godchaux, Keith See Grateful Dead, The Goddard, Jeff See Karate Goddard, Joe See Hot Chip Goddess, Tony See Papas Fritas Godfrey, Paul See Morcheeba Godfrey, Ross See Morcheeba Godin, Nicolas See Air Godley, Kevin See 10cc Godsmack 30 Goessling, Andy See Railroad Earth Goettel, Dwayne Rudolf See Skinny Puppy Goffey, Danny See Supergrass Goffin, Gerry See Goffin-King Goffin-King 24 Gogerty, Patrick See Charlatans, The Gogin, Toni See Sleater-Kinney Gogol Bordello 59 Go-Go’s, The 24 Goh, Rex See Air Supply Gold, Julie 22 Golden, William Lee See Oak Ridge Boys, The Golden Gate Quartet 25 Golden Palominos 32 Goldenthal, Elliot 49

Goldsmith, Jerry 40 Goldsmith, William See Foo Fighters Also see Sunny Day Real Estate Goldstein, Jerry See War Goldstein, Scott See His Name Is Alive Golightly, Holly 45 Golijov, Osvaldo 59 Golson, Benny 21 Gomez 33 Gomez Caceres, Alejandro See Aterciopelados Gomis, Rudy See Orchestra Baobab Gomm, Ian See Brinsley Schwarz Gong 24 Gonson, Claudia See Magnetic Fields, The Gontier, Adam See Three Days Grace Gonzales, Andrew See Reel Big Fish Gonzales, Dave See Paladins, The Gonzalez, Ruben 49 Gooch, Joe See Ten Years After Good, Dallas See Sadies, The Good, Matthew See Matthew Good Band Good, Nathan See Death Cab for Cutie Good, Travis See Sadies, The Good Charlotte 45 Goode, Kelly See Deerhoof Gooden, Ramone Pee Wee See Digital Underground Gooden, Sam See Impressions, The Goodie Mob 24 Goodman, Benny 4 Goodman, Jerry See Mahavishnu Orchestra Goodman, Marshall See Long Beach Dub All Stars Goodrem, Delta 65 Goodridge, Robin See Bush Goodsight, Andrew See Black 47

Goldfinger 46 Goldfrapp 59

Goodwin, Jimi See Doves

Goldfrapp, Alison See Goldfrapp

Goodwyn, Myles See April Wine

Golding, Lynval See Specials, The

Googe, Debbie See My Bloody Valentine

Goldman, Matt See Blue Man Group

Goo Goo Dolls, The 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16

Goodwin, Billy See NewSong

Cumulative Musicians Index • 285

Googy, Arthur See Misfits, The Gordon, Dexter 10 Gordon, Dwight See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Gordon, Henry “Raleigh” See Toots and the Maytals Gordon, Jay See Orgy Gordon, Jim See Traffic Gordon, Kevin 60 Gordon, Kim See Sonic Youth Gordon, Mike See Phish Gordon, Mike See Phish Gordon, Nina See Veruca Salt Gordon, Robert 57 Gordy, Berry, Jr. 6 Gordy, Emory, Jr. 17 Gore, Lesley 35 Gore, Martin See Depeche Mode Gorham, Scott See Thin Lizzy Gorillaz 42 Gorka, John 18 Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci 30 Gorman, Christopher See Belly Gorman, Steve See Black Crowes, The Gorman, Thomas See Belly Gorman, Tony See Clarion Fracture Zone Gorrie, Alan See Average White Band Gorter, Arjen See Willem Breuker Kollektief Goshorn, Larry See Pure Prairie League Goshorn, Tim See Pure Prairie League Gosling, John See Kinks, The Gossard, Stone See Brad Also see Pearl Jam Goswell, Rachel See Mojave 3 Also see Slowdive Gotobed, Robert See Wire Gott, Larry See James Gottlieb, Lou See Limeliters, The

Gould, Morton 16 Goulding, Steve See Gene Loves Jezebel Gouldman, Graham See 10cc Gov’t Mule 35 Gowan, Lawrence See Styx Grable, Steve See Pearls Before Swine Grace, Kevin See Twisted Sister Gracey, Chad See Live Gracey, George See Fairfield Four Gracin, Josh 64 Gradney, Ken See Little Feat Grae, Jean 52 Graffety-Smith, Toby See Jamiroquai Graffin, Greg See Bad Religion Graham, Bill 10 Graham, Ed See Darkness, The Graham, Glen See Blind Melon Graham, Johnny See Earth, Wind and Fire Graham, Larry See Sly & the Family Stone Graham, Mikey See Boyzone Graham, Susan 40 Gramm, Lou See Foreigner Gramolini, Gary See Beaver Brown Band, The Grand Funk Railroad 36 Grandaddy 43 Grandberry, Omari “Omarion” See B2K Grandmaster Flash 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Granger, Courtney See Balfa Toujours Grant, Amy 49 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Grant, Bob See The Bad Livers Grant, Colyn “Mo” See Baha Men Grant, Derek See Alkaline Trio Grant, Gogi 28 Grant, Lloyd See Metallica Grant, Natalie 53 Grant Lee Buffalo 16

Goudreau, Barry See Boston

Granz, Norman 37

Gould, Billy See Faith No More

Grappelli, Stephane 10

Gould, Glenn 9

Grateful Dead, The 5

Grapes of Wrath, The 33 Grass Roots, The 62

286 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Gratzer, Alan See REO Speedwagon Graul, Barry See MercyMe Gravatt, Eric See Weather Report Gravediggaz 23 Graves, Alexander See Moonglows, The Graves, Denyce 16 Graves, Josh 48 Graves, Michale See Misfits, The Gray, David 30 Gray, Del See Little Texas Gray, Doug See Marshall Tucker Band Gray, Eddie See Tommy James and the Shondells Gray, Ella See Kronos Quartet Gray, Ellen See Two Dollar Pistols Gray, F. Gary 19 Gray, James See Beck Gray, James See Blue Rodeo Gray, Lara See Luna Gray, Luther See Tsunami Gray, Macy 32 Gray, Paul See Slipknot Gray, Rocky See Evanescence Gray, Tom See Country Gentlemen, The Also see Seldom Scene, The Gray, Walter See Kronos Quartet Gray, Wardell See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Great Big Sea 45 Great White 44 Greater Vision 26 Grebenshikov, Boris 3

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See XTC Gregory, Gerald See Spaniels, The Gregory, Keith See Wedding Present, The Gregory, Troy See Flotsam and Jetsam Also see Prong Gregory, Will See Goldfrapp Greller, Al See Yo La Tengo Grey, Charles Wallace See Aquabats, The Grice, Gary “The Genius” See Wu-Tang Clan Griffin, A.C. “Eddie” See Golden Gate Quartet Griffin, Bob See BoDeans, The Griffin, Dale “Buffin” See Mott the Hoople Griffin, Gus See Paladins, The Griffin, James See Bread Griffin, Kevin See Better Than Ezra Also see NRBQ Griffin, Mark See MC 900 Ft. Jesus Griffin, Paloma See Pink Martini Griffin, Patty 63 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Griffin, Rodney See Greater Vision Griffith, John Thomas See Cowboy Mouth Griffith, Johnny See Funk Brothers Griffith, Nanci 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Griffiths, Donald “Benjamin” See Aswad Griffiths, Iwan See Automatic, The Griffiths, Marcia 45 Griffiths, Martin See Hawkwind Griffiths, Ryan See Vines, The Grigg, Chris See Treadmill Trackstar Griggs, Andy 40 Grill, Rob See Grass Roots, The Grillo, Carmen See Tower of Power

Green, Adam 64

Also see City and Colour Green, David See Air Supply Green, Douglas “Ranger Doug” See Riders in the Sky Green, Gardner Ray See Rebirth Brass Band Green, Grant 14 Green, James See Dru Hill Green, Jeremiah See Modest Mouse Green, Keith 38 Green, Lattimer See Fairfield Four Green, Pat 66 Green, Peter 50 Also see Fleetwood Mac Green, Susaye See Supremes, The Green, Urbie 36 Green, Vivian 57 Green, Wendi Foy See Sierra Green, Willie See Neville Brothers, The Green Day 40 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Greenall, Rupert See Fixx, The Greene, Karl Anthony See Herman’s Hermits Greenfield, Dave See Stranglers, The Greenhalgh, Tom See Mekons, The Greensmith, Domenic See Reef Greenspoon, Jimmy See Three Dog Night Greentree, Richard See Beta Band, The Greenwald, Alex See Phantom Planet Greenwald, Joe See Dirtbombs, The Greenway, Brian See April Wine Greenwood, Al See Foreigner Greenwood, Colin See Radiohead Greenwood, Gail See Belly Greenwood, Jonny See Radiohead Greenwood, Lee 12

Green, Al 55 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Greer, Jim See Guided By Voices

Green, Benny 17

Gregg, Dave See D.O.A.

Grimaud, Hélène 35

Gregg, Paul See Restless Heart

Groban, Josh 47

Grech, Rick See Traffic Greco, Paul See Chumbawamba Greco, Ron See Flamin’ Groovies

Green, Carlito “Cee-lo” See Goodie Mob Green, Charles See War Green, Dallas See Alexisonfire

Grisman, David 17

See .38 Special Groove Armada 39 Gross, Julian See Liars Grossman, Rick See Hoodoo Gurus Grotberg, Karen See Jayhawks, The Grothman, Steve See Whiskeytown Groucutt, Kelly See Electric Light Orchestra Grove, Chris See Survivor Grove, George See Kingston Trio, The Grover, Charlie See Sponge Growcott, Andy See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Grubb, Johnny See Railroad Earth Gruber, Andrea 54 Gruber, Craig See Rainbow Grundler, James See Paloalto Grundy, Hugh See Zombies, The Grushka, Ian See New Found Glory Grusin, Dave 7 Guadarramo, Jose See Los Bukis Guaraldi, Vince 3 Guard, Dave See Kingston Trio, The Gub See Screeching Weasel Gubaidulina, Sofia 39 Gudmundsdottir, Björk See Björk Also see Sugarcubes, The Güereña, Luis See Tijuana No! Guerin, John See Byrds, The Guerra, Juan 63 Guerrero, Lalo 55 Guese, Joe See Click Five, The Guess Who 23 Guest, Christopher See Spinal Tap Guetig, K.C. See My Morning Jacket Guettel, Adam 56 Guided By Voices 18 Gun, John See X-Ray Spex Gunderman, Jen See Jayhawks, The

Grohl, Dave See Foo Fighters Also see Nirvana

Gunn, Nicholas 39

Gregory, Bryan See Cramps, The Gregory, Dave

Grondin, Jack

Gunning, John Francis

Gunn, Trey See King Crimson

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Country Joe and the Fish Guns n’ Roses 2 Gunther, Cornell See Coasters, The Gunther, Ric See Bevis Frond Gurewitz, Brett See Bad Religion Gurtu, Trilok 29 Also see Oregon Guru See Gang Starr Gus Gus 26 Guss, Randy See Toad the Wet Sprocket Gustafson, John See Roxy Music Gustafson, Steve See 10,000 Maniacs Guster 29 Gut, Grudrun See Einstürzende Neubauten Guthrie, Arlo 50 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Guthrie, Gwen 26 Guthrie, Robin See Cocteau Twins, The Guthrie, Woody 2 Gutkin, Lisa See Klezmatics, The Gutman, Didi See Brazilian Girls Guttermouth 39 Guug See Mudvayne Guy, Billy See Coasters, The Guy, Geordie See Killing Joke Guy, George “Buddy” 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Guyett, Jim See Quicksilver Messenger Service Guzmán, Alejandra 44 Guzman, Ben See Reel Big Fish Gwar 13 Gym Class Heroes 62 Haack, Bruce 37

Cumulative Musicians Index • 287

See Sugarland Hall, Lance See Inner Circle Hall, Mark See Casting Crowns Hall, Pam See Black Uhuru Hall, Randall See Lynyrd Skynyrd Hall, Terry See Specials, The Hall, Tom T. 26 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Hall, Tommy See 13th Floor Elevators Hall, Tony See Neville Brothers, The Hallahan, Patrick See My Morning Jacket Hallam, Nick “The Head” See Stereo MC’s Hall & Oates 47 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hallcox, Jason See Imperials, The Hallett, Bob See Great Big Sea Halliday, Toni See Curve Halligan Jr., Bob See Ceili Rain Halliwell, Geri See Spice Girls Halstead, Neil See Mojave 3 Also see Slowdive Ham, Greg See Men at Work Ham, Pete See Badfinger Hamasaki, Ayumi 45 Hamelin, Marc-André 33 Hamer, Harry See Chumbawamba Hamilton, Anthony 58 Hamilton, Arnold (Frukwan da Gatekeeper) See Gravediggaz Hamilton, De’Mar See Plain White T’s

See Black 47 Hamlisch, Marvin 1 Hammel, Jason See Mates of State Hammer, Jan 21 Also see Mahavishnu Orchestra Hammer, M.C. 5 Hammerstein, Oscar See Rodgers, Richard Hammett, Kirk See Metallica Hammill, Peter 30 Hammill, Peter See Van der Graaf Generator Hammon, Ron See War Hammond, Albert 65 Hammond, Albert, Jr. 66 Also see Strokes, The Hammond, Fred 36 Hammond, John 6 Hammond, Murry See Old 97’s Hammond, Murry See Old 97’s Hammond-Hammond, Jeffrey See Jethro Tull Hampson, Sharon See Sharon, Lois & Bram Hampson, Thomas 12 Hampton, Lionel 6 Hancock, Butch 56 Also see Flatlanders, The Hancock, Herbie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hancock, Tommy See Flatlanders, The Hancock, Wayne 45 Handley, Ed See Plaid Handley, Jerry See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Handsome Boy Modeling School 53 Handsome Family, The 30 Handy, W. C. 7 Handyside, Chris See Dirtbombs, The Hanley, Kay See Letters to Cleo

Hamilton, Frank See Weavers, The

Hanley, Steve See Fall, The

Hamilton, Katie See Treadmill Trackstar

Hanna, Jeff See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The

Hamilton, Mark See Ash

Hanna, Kathleen 45

Hackett, Bobby 21

Also see Rentals, The Hadjopulos, Sue See Simple Minds Hadley, Jerry 64 Haendel, Ida 42 Hagar, Regan See Brad Hagar, Sammy 21 Also see Van Halen Hagen, Nina 25 Hagerty, Neil See Royal Trux Haggard, Merle 39 Earlier sketch in CM 2 HaHa, Jimi See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack Hahn, Hilary 30 Hahn, Joseph See Linkin Park Hailey, Cedric “K-Ci” See Jodeci Also see K-Ci & JoJo Hailey, Joel “JoJo” See Jodeci Also see K-Ci & JoJo Hailey, Shay See N.E.R.D. Hailey, Sheldon See N.E.R.D. Haimovitz, Matt 60 Haines, Emily See Broken Social Scene Haitink, Bernard 39 Hajjar, Tony See At The Drive-In Hakim, Omar See Urban Knights Also see Weather Report Hakmoun, Hassan 15 Hale, Simon See Incognito Haley, Bill 6 Haley, Mark See Kinks, The Haley, Paige See Orgy Halford, Rob See Judas Priest Hall, Alan See Selah Hall, Bob See Savoy Brown Hall, Bruce See REO Speedwagon Hall, Christopher See Stabbing Westward Hall, Daryl See Hall & Oates

Hackett, Steve See Genesis

Hall, Ellis See Tower of Power

Hamilton, Page See Helmet

Hannah, Jim See Rumba Club

Hadden, Martin See Silly Wizard

Hall, Janine See Saints, The

Hamilton, Scott 55

Hannah, Paul See Rumba Club

Haden, Charlie 40 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Hall, Jim 35

Hamilton, Tom See Aerosmith

Hall, John S. See King Missile

Hamlett, Robert See Fairfield Four

Hall, Kristen

Hamlin, Thomas

Habbin, David See Amici Forever Hacikyan, Shaant See Cute Is What We Aim For Hackberry Ramblers 43 Hacke, Alexander See Einstürzende Neubauten

Haden, Petra 55 Also see Decemberists, The

Hamilton, Milton See Third World

Hanna, Kathleen See Le Tigre Hanna, Roland, Sir 45

Hannan, Patrick See Sundays, The Hanneman, Jeff See Slayer

288 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Hannibal, Chauncey “Black” See Blackstreet Hannon, Frank See Tesla Hannon, Neil See Divine Comedy, The Hansen, Mary See Stereolab Hansen, Sean See Ataris, The Hanson 20 Hanson, Cody See Hinder Hanson, Isaac See Hanson Hanson, Joel See PFR Hanson, Paul (Prince Paul A.K.A. Dr. Strange) See Paul, Prince Hanson, Taylor See Hanson Hanson, Zachary See Hanson Harcourt, Ed 54 Hardaker, Sam See Zero 7 Hardcastle, Paul 20 Hard-Fi 63 Hardiman, Ronan 35 Hardin, Eddie See Spencer Davis Group Hardin, Geraldine See Sweet Honey in the Rock Hardin, Tim 18 Harding, John 58 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Hardson, Tre “Slimkid” See Pharcyde, The Hardy, Bob See Franz Ferdinand Hardy, Françoise 43 Hardy, Leslie See Murder City Devils Hargreaves, Brad See Third Eye Blind Hargrove, Kornell See Poi Dog Pondering Hargrove, Roy 60 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Harkelroad, Bill “Zoot Horn Rollo” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Harket, Morten See A-ha Harley, Bill 7 Harley, Wayne See Pearls Before Swine Harmer, Nick See Death Cab for Cutie Harmer, Sarah 56 Harmon, Bob “Buff” See Ceili Rain Harmon, Carey See Railroad Earth Harmon, Eric

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Chainsaw Kittens, The Harmon, Mark See Seventy Sevens, The Harms, Jesse See REO Speedwagon Harnoy, Ofra 49 Harper, Benjamin See Yellowcard Harper, Ben 17 Harper, Kevin See Nightmares on Wax Harper, Raymond See Skatalites, The Harper, Roy 30 Harper, Tony See Slobberbone Harrell, Andre 16 Harrell, Lynn 3 Harrell, Todd See 3 Doors Down Harrell, Tom 28 Harrington, Ayodele See Sweet Honey in the Rock Harrington, Carrie See Sounds of Blackness Harrington, David See Kronos Quartet, The Harrington, Tim See Les Savy Fav Harris, Addie “Micki” See Shirelles, The Harris, Barry 32 Harris, Ben See Dirty Vegas Harris, Bill See Clovers, The Harris, Bobby See Dazz Band Harris, Corey 41 Harris, Damon Otis See Temptations, The Harris, Eddie 15 Harris, Emmylou 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Harris, Eric See Olivia Tremor Control Harris, Evelyn Maria See Sweet Honey in the Rock Harris, Gerard See Kool & the Gang Harris, James See Echobelly Harris, Jason “Moose” See New Model Army Harris, Jason See Damned, The

Harris, Kevin See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Harris, Lee See Talk Talk Harris, Mark See 4Him Harris, Mary See Spearhead Harris, Nigel See Jam, The Harris, Paul See Dirty Vegas Harris, R. H. See Soul Stirrers, The Harris, Shawntae See Da Brat Harris, Steve See Iron Maiden Harris, Teddy 22 Harrison, George 2 Also see Beatles, The Harrison, Jerry See Talking Heads Harrison, John See Hawkwind Harrison, Ken See Wild Strawberries Harrison, Lou 50 Harrison, Nigel See Blondie Harrison, Richard See Stereolab Harrison, Wendell 56 Harry, Deborah 4 Also see Blondie Harry, Neil See Giant Sand Harsh, Eddie See Black Crowes, The Hart, Alvin Youngblood 27 Hart, Beth 29 Hart, Chuck See Surfin’ Pluto Hart, Douglas See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Hart, Emerson See Tonic Hart, Grant See Hüsker Dü Hart, Hattie See Memphis Jug Band Hart, Lorenz See Rodgers, Richard Hart, Mark See Crowded House Hart, Mickey 39 Also see Grateful Dead, The

Harris, Jeff See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy

Hart, Robert See Bad Company

Harris, Jesse 47

Hart, Tim See Steeleye Span

Harris, Jet See Shadows, The Harris, Jody See Golden Palominos Harris, Joey See Beat Farmers

Hart, William Cullen See Olivia Tremor Control Hartford, John 37 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hartgrove, Mike

See IIIrd Tyme Out Hartke, Stephen 5 Hartley, Matthieu See Cure, The Hartman, Bob See Petra Hartman, Dave See Southern Culture on the Skids Hartman, John See Doobie Brothers, The Hartnoll, Paul See Orbital Hartnoll, Phil See Orbital Hartridge, Jimmy See Swervedriver Harvey, Bernard “Touter” See Inner Circle Harvey, PJ 43 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Harvey, Philip “Daddae” See Soul II Soul Harvey, Polly Jean See Harvey, PJ Harvey Danger 60 Harvie, Iain See Del Amitri Harwell, Steve See Smash Mouth Harwood, Justin See Luna Haseltine, Dan See Jars of Clay Hashian See Boston Haskell, Gordon See King Crimson Haskins, Kevin See Bauhaus Also see Love and Rockets Haslinger, Paul See Tangerine Dream Haslip, Jimmy See Yellowjackets Hassan, Norman See UB40 Hasselhoff, Evil “Jared” See Bloodhound Gang, The Hassell, Jon 43 Hassilev, Alex See Limeliters, The Hassman, Nikki See Avalon Hastings, Jimmy See Caravan Hastings, Pye See Caravan Hatch, Kerry See Oingo Boingo Hatfield, Juliana 37 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Also see Lemonheads, The Hathaway, Donny 42 Hathaway, Jane See Lane, Fred

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Hathaway, Lalah 65 Hathaway, Richard See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Hatherley, Charlotte See Ash Hatori, Miho See Cibo Matto Also see Gorillaz Haug, Ian See Powderfinger Hauser, Tim See Manhattan Transfer, The Havens, Richie 11 Haveron, Andrew See Brodsky Quartet Havey, Jessee See Duhks, The Havok, Davey See AFI Hawes, Dave See Catherine Wheel Hawken, John See Strawbs Hawkes, Greg See Cars, The Hawkins, Coleman 11 Hawkins, Dale 45 Hawkins, Dan See Darkness, The Hawkins, Derrek See Stabbing Westward Hawkins, Erskine 19 Hawkins, Hoyt See Jordanaires, The Hawkins, Justin See Darkness, The Hawkins, Lamont “U-God” See Wu-Tang Clan Hawkins, Nick See Big Audio Dynamite Hawkins, Richard (Dick) See Gene Loves Jezebel Hawkins, Rob See Automatic, The Hawkins, Roger See Traffic Hawkins, Ronnie 36 Hawkins, Ron See Lowest of the Low Hawkins, Screamin’ Jay 29 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hawkins, Sophie B. 21 Hawkins, Taylor See Foo Fighters Hawkins, Tramaine 17 Hawkins, Xian See Silver Apples Hawkwind 41

Hay, George D. 3 Hay, Ivor See Saints, The Hay, Roy See Culture Club Hayden 65 Hayden, Victor “The Mascara Snake” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Haydn, Lili 46 Haydock, Eric See Hollies, The Haye, George “Buddy” See Wailing Souls Hayes, Christian “Bic” See Dark Star Hayes, Darren See Savage Garden Hayes, Gemma 58 Hayes, Gordon See Pearls Before Swine Hayes, Isaac 10 Hayes, James See Persuasions, The Hayes, Kelley See Cold Hayes, Louis 40 Hayes, Peter See Black Rebel Motorcycle Club Hayes, Roland 13 Haymes, Dick 36 Haynes, Gibby See Butthole Surfers Haynes, Harrison See Les Savy Fav Haynes, Ron See Liquid Soul Haynes, Roy 33 Haynes, Warren See Allman Brothers, The Also see Gov’t Mule Haynie, Aubrey 46 Hays, Lee See Weavers, The Hays, Tom See Swell Hayward, David Justin See Moody Blues, The Hayward, Lawrence See Felt Hayward, Richard See Little Feat Haza, Ofra 29 Hazlewood, Lee 45

Cumulative Musicians Index • 289

Heard, Mark 48 Heard, Paul See M People Hearn, Kevin See Barenaked Ladies Heart 1 Heartsong, Dorian “Dorian 27” See Powerman 5000 Heath, James See Reverend Horton Heat Heathman, Ron See Supersuckers Heatley, Danny See Exploited, The Heaton, Paul See Beautiful South Heaton, Robert “Robb” See New Model Army Heavy D 10 Hebrank, Neil See Juliana Theory, The Hecker, Robert See Redd Kross Hederos, Martin See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Hedford, Eric See Dandy Warhols Hedges, Eddie See Blessid Union of Souls Hedges, Michael 3 Heffington, Don See Jayhawks, The Heggie, Will See Cocteau Twins, The Heidorn, Mike See Son Volt Also see Uncle Tupelo Heifetz, Dany See Mr. Bungle Heifetz, Jascha 31 Heil, Rick See SonicFlood Heiss, Stu See Resurrection Band Heitman, Dana See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Helders, Matt See Arctic Monkeys Helfgott, David 19 Helium, Bryan See Elf Power Helium, Bryan See Of Montreal

Headley, Heather 37

Hell, Richard See Television

Headliner See Arrested Development

Hellauer, Susan See Anonymous 4

Hawley, Paul See Hot Hot Heat

Headon, Topper See Clash, The

Heller, Bill See Rippingtons

Hawthorne, Dustin See Hot Hot Heat

Healey, Jeff 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Hellerman, Fred See Weavers, The

Hawthorne Heights 65 Hawtin, Richie 45

Healey, Martin See Dead or Alive

Hellier, Steve See Death in Vegas

Hay, Colin See Men at Work

Healy, Fran See Travis

Helliwell, John See Supertramp

Helm, Levon See Band, The Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Helmet 52 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Helmkamp, Pete See Angel Corpse Hem 55 Hemby, Ron See Imperials, The Hemingway, Dave See Beautiful South Hemmings, Courtney See Aswad Hemmings, Paul See Lightning Seeds Hemphill, Aaron See Liars Hemphill, Julius 34 Also see World Saxophone Quartet Hempton, Sam See Six by Seven Henderson, Andy See Echobelly Henderson, Billy See Spinners, The Henderson, Chris See 3 Doors Down Henderson, Fletcher 16 Henderson, Joe 14 Henderson, Skitch 58 Henderson, Stewart See Delgados, The Hendricks, Barbara 10 Hendricks, Bobby See Drifters, The Hendricks, Jon See Lambert, Hendricks and Ross Hendrix, Jennifer See Sierra Hendrix, Jimi 2 Hendryx, Nona 52 Henke, Bob See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Henley, Don 3 Also see Eagles, The Henneman, Brian See Bottle Rockets Henrit, Bob See Kinks, The Henry, Bill See Northern Lights Henry, Joe 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Henry, Kent See Steppenwolf Henry, Nicholas “Drummie” See Mystic Revealers Hensley, Ken See Uriah Heep Hensley, Matthew See Flogging Molly Hepcat, Harry 23

290 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Hepner, Rich See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Heppner, Ben 23 Herdman, Bob See Audio Adrenaline Herman, Maureen See Babes in Toyland Herman, Tom See Pere Ubu Herman, Woody 12 Hermann, John See Widespread Panic Herman’s Hermits 5 Hernandez, Alfredo See Queens of the Stone Age Hernandez, Bubba See Brave Combo Hernandez, Dave See Shins, The Hernandez, Joey See Voodoo Glow Skulls Hernandez, Johnny “Vatos” See Oingo Boingo Hernandez, Phil See Brave Combo Herndon, John See Tortoise Herndon, Mark Joel See Alabama Herndon, Ty 20 Heron, Mike See Incredible String Band Herrema, Jennifer See Royal Trux Herrera, Mike See MxPx Herrera, R. J. See Suicidal Tendencies Herrera, Raymond See Fear Factory Herrin, Johnny See Resurrection Band Herrlin, Anders See Roxette Herrmann, Bernard 14 Herron, Cindy See En Vogue Herron, Don See BR5-49

See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Hewitt, Bobby See Orgy Hewitt, Jennifer Love 41 Hewitt, Steve See Placebo Hewlett, Jamie See Gorillaz Hewson, Paul See U2 Hexum, Nick See 311 Hiatt, John 35 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hibbard, Bill See Paul Revere & The Raiders Hibbert, Frederic “Toots” See Toots and the Maytals Hibbler, Al 34 Hickey, Kenny See Type O Negative Hickman, Johnny See Cracker Hicks, Chris See Restless Heart Hicks, Dan See Charlatans, The Hicks, Earl See Drive-By Truckers Hicks, John 59 Hicks, Sheree See C + C Music Factory Hicks, Tony See Hollies, The Hidalgo, David See Los Lobos Hield, Nehemiah See Baha Men Hield, Omerit See Baha Men Higgenson, Tom See Plain White T’s Higgins, Billy 35 Higgins, Missy 64 Higgins, Terence See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Highway 101 4 Hijbert, Fritz See James Gang

Hersh, Kristin 49 Also see Throwing Muses

Hijbert, Fritz See Kraftwerk

Hess, Jake See Imperials, The

Hilah See Boredoms, The

Hesse, Chris See Hoobastank

Hill, Andrew 41

Hester, Paul See Crowded House Hetfield, James See Metallica

Hill, Brendan See Blues Traveler Hill, Brian “Beezer” See Frogs, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Earlier sketch in CM 18 Hill, Ian See Judas Priest Hill, James See Fairfield Four Hill, Joe See Alien Ant Farm Hill, John See Apples in Stereo Hill, Kim See Black Eyed Peas Hill, Lauryn 25 Also see Fugees, The Hill, Michael See Slobberbone Hill, Scotti See Skid Row Hill, Scott See Fu Manchu Hill, Stuart See Shudder to Think Hillage, Steve See Orb, The Also see Gong Hillier, Steve See Dubstar Hillman, Bones See Midnight Oil Hillman, Chris See Byrds, The Also see Desert Rose Band, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Hilton, Eric See Thievery Corporation Hince, Jamie See Kills, The Hindalong, Steve See Normals, The Hinder 65 Hinderas, Natalie 12 Hinds, Billy See Pure Prairie League Hinds, David See Steel Pulse Hines, Earl “Fatha” 12 Hines, Gary See Sounds of Blackness Hinojos, Paul See At The Drive-In Hinojosa, Tish 44 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Hinton, Milt 33 Hiromi 66 Hirsh, Chicken See Country Joe and the Fish Hirst, Rob See Midnight Oil Hirt, Al 5 His Name Is Alive 43

Hill, Dave See Cobra Verde

Hitchcock, Robyn 60 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Hill, David See Slade

Hitchcock, Russell See Air Supply

Heuer, Kevin See Vigilantes of Love

Hill, Dusty See ZZ Top

Hite, Bob See Canned Heat

Heveroh, Ben

Hill, Faith 50

Hitt, Bryan

Hetson, Greg See Bad Religion Also see Circle Jerks, The

See REO Speedwagon Hives, The 44 Hlubek, Dave See Molly Hatchet Ho, Don 54 Ho, Fred 60 Hoag, Bob See Ataris, The Hobbs, Randy Jo See McCoys, The Hobson, Motor See Lane, Fred Hodge, Alex See Platters, The Hodges, Johnny 24 Hodges, Warner See Jason & the Scorchers Hodgson, Nick See Kaiser Chiefs Hodgson, Roger 26 Also see Supertramp Hodo, David See Village People, The Hoed, Pat See Down By Law Hoenig, Michael See Tangerine Dream Hoerig, Keith See Five Iron Frenzy Hoerner, Dan See Sunny Day Real Estate Hofeldt, Brian See Derailers, The Hoffman, Ellen See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Hoffman, Erika See His Name Is Alive Hoffman, Guy See BoDeans, The Also see Violent Femmes Hoffman, Kristian See Congo Norvell Hoffman, Sam See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Hoffman, Sean See American Music Club Hoffs, Susanna See Bangles, The Hofmann, Holly 41 Hogan, Mike See Cranberries, The Hogan, Noel See Cranberries, The Hoke, Jim See NRBQ Holbrook, Ezra See Decemberists, The Holder, Gene See dB’s, The Also see Yo La Tengo Holder, Noddy See Slade Hold Steady, The 56 Holdsworth, Allan 61

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Also see Soft Machine Hole 14 Holiday, Billie 6 Holland, Annie See Elastica Holland, Brian See Holland-Dozier-Holland Holland, Bryan “Dexter” See Offspring Holland, Bryan See Offspring Holland, Dave 27 Holland, Dave See Judas Priest Holland, Eddie See Holland-Dozier-Holland Holland, Gary See Great White Holland, Jolie 55 Also see Be Good Tanyas Holland, Julian “Jools” See Squeeze Holland, Mark See Jule Brown Holland, Steve See Molly Hatchet Holland-Dozier-Holland 5 Hollies, The 39 Hollinger, Kyle See Crazy Town Hollingsworth, Kyle See String Cheese Incident, The Hollis, Mark See Talk Talk Hollister, Dave See Blackstreet Holloway, Brenda 45 Holly, Buddy 1 Holm, Georg See Sigur Rós Holmberg, Jonas See Komeda Holmberg, Marcus See Komeda Holmes, Billy See Vigilantes of Love Holmes, Brendan See Young Dubliners

Cumulative Musicians Index • 291

See Hawkwind House, Son 11 House of Pain 14 Houser, Michael See Widespread Panic Houston, Cissy 26 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Houston, Jarell “J-Boog” See B2K Houston, Penelope 28 Houston, Whitney 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Hovhaness, Alan 34 Howard, Dan See Cinematic Orchestra Howard, Dominic See Muse Howard, Harlan 15 Howard, Miki 38 Howard, Phil See Soft Machine Howard, Rebecca Lynn 41 Howard, Zeke See Love as Laughter Howe, Brian See Bad Company Howe, Liam See Sneaker Pimps Howe, Steve See Asia Howe, Steve See Yes Howell, Ian See Chanticleer Howell, Porter See Little Texas Hower, Dave See Nields, The Howerdel, Billy See Perfect Circle, A Howie, Jr., John See Two Dollar Pistols Howland, Don 24 Howlett, Liam See Prodigy Howlett, Mike See Gong Howlin’ Wolf 6 H.R. See Bad Brains Hüsker Dü 45 Hub See Roots, The Hubbard, Bob See Jordanaires, The Hubbard, Gregg “Hobie” See Sawyer Brown

Holsapple, Randy See Caedmon’s Call Holt, Chandler See Chatham County Line Holt, Cully See Jordanaires, The Holt, David Lee See Mavericks, The Holt, John See Paragons, The Holy, Steve 61 Holy Goat See Lanternjack, The Homme, Joshua See Queens of the Stone Age Also see Screaming Trees Honda, Yuka See Cibo Matto Honeyman, Susie See Mekons, The Honeyman-Scott, James See Pretenders, The Honeytree 58 Honolulu See Minty Hoobastank 50 Hood, David See Traffic Hood, Patterson See Drive-By Truckers Hoodoo Gurus 33 Hook, Peter See Joy Division Also see New Order Hooker, John Lee 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Hooks, Rosie Lee See Sweet Honey in the Rock Hoon, Shannon See Blind Melon Hooper, Chris See Grapes of Wrath, The Hooper, Dave See Rippingtons Hooper, Ella See Killing Heidi Hooper, Jesse See Killing Heidi Hooper, Nellee See Massive Attack Also see Soul II Soul Hooper, Tom See Grapes of Wrath, The Hooper, Tony See Ceili Rain Also see Strawbs Hoopes, Matt See Relient K

Hopkins, Doug See Gin Blossoms Hopkins, Lightnin’ 13 Hopkins, Nicky See Quicksilver Messenger Service Hopkinson, Rusty See You Am I Hopper, Hugh See Soft Machine Hoppus, Mark See Blink 182 Hopwood, Keith See Herman’s Hermits Horan, Winifred See Cherish the Ladies Also see Solas Hordemann, Wolfgang See Los Lonely Boys Hori, Saki See 5,6,7,8’s, The Horn, Mark See Derailers, The Horn, Shirley 7 Horn, Trevor 33 Also see Yes Horne, Ken See Bronx, The Horne, Lena 53 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Horne, Marilyn 9 Horner, James 38 Horner, Jessica See Less Than Jake Hornsby, Bruce 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Hornsby, Vince See Sevendust Horovitz, Adam “King Ad-Rock” See Beastie Boys Horowitz, Vladimir 1 Horse See Indigenous Horton, Billy See Hot Club of Cowtown Horton, Jeff See Northern Lights Horton, Jerry See Papa Roach Horton, Walter 19 Horvitz, Wayne 42 Hosler, Mark See Negativland

Holmes, Wendell See Holmes Brothers, The

Hooters 20 Hootie and the Blowfish 18

Hotchkiss, Rob See Train

Holmes Brothers, The 35

Hoover, Jamie See Spongetones, The

Houari, Rachid See Gong

Hope, Dave See Kansas

Hough, Stephen 40

Huber, Connie See Chenille Sisters, The

House, Kenwyn See Reef

Hubrey, Georgia See Yo La Tengo

House, Simon

Hudgens, Vanessa 65

Holmes, D. See Dub Trio Holmes, David 31 Holmes, Malcolm See Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark Holmes, Sherman See Holmes Brothers, The Holmes, Tim See Death in Vegas

Holmstrom, Peter See Dandy Warhols Holsapple, Peter See Continental Drifters Also see dB’s, The

Hope, Gavin See Nylons, The

Hossack, Michael See Doobie Brothers, The Hot Chip 64 Hot Club of Cowtown 46 Hot Hot Heat 55

Hubbard, Preston See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Also see Roomful of Blues Hubbard, Ray Wylie 38

292 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Hudson, Bill See Hudson Brothers, The Hudson, Brett See Hudson Brothers, The Hudson, C. See Blue October Hudson, Cary See Blue Mountain Hudson, Earl See Bad Brains Hudson, Garth See Band, The Hudson, Ian See Gene Loves Jezebel Hudson, James “Pookie” See Spaniels, The Hudson, Jeremie See Imperials, The Hudson, Mark See Hudson Brothers, The Hudson, Richard See Strawbs Hudson Brothers, The 56 Huettig, Mike See Days of the New Huey See Fun Lovin’ Criminals Huff, Mary See Southern Culture on the Skids Huffman, Aaron See Harvey Danger Huffman, Chris See Casting Crowns Huffman, Doug See Boston Huffman, Joey See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Huggett, Monica 50 Huggins, Ben See Galactic Cowboys Huggins, Jamie See Of Montreal Hughes, Bruce See Cracker Also see Poi Dog Pondering Hughes, Glenn See Black Sabbath Hughes, Glenn See Village People, The Hughes, Leon See Coasters, The

See Big Star Humperdinck, Engelbert 19 Humphreys, Paul See Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark Hunnekink, Bermard See Willem Breuker Kollektief Hunt, Daniel See Ladytron Hunt, Darryl See Pogues, The Hunt, Tommy See Flamingos, The Hunter See AFI Hunter, Alberta 7 Hunter, Charlie 24 Hunter, George See Charlatans, The Hunter, Ian 57 Also see Mott the Hoople Hunter, Ivory Joe 53 Hunter, James 65 Hunter, Jason “The Rebel INS” (Inspectah Deckk) See Wu-Tang Clan Hunter, Joe See Funk Brothers Hunter, Karl See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Hunter, Mark See James Hunter, Shepherd “Ben” See Soundgarden Hurding, B.P. See X-Ray Spex Hurley, Andy See Fall Out Boy Hurley, George See fIREHOSE Also see Minutemen, The Hurley, Michael 58

Hughes, Richard See Keane

Hutchence, Michael See INXS

Hugo, Chad See N.E.R.D.

Hutchings, Ashley See Fairport Convention Also see Steeleye Span

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Hutchinson, Eric 66

Hütter, Ralf See Kraftwerk Hutter, Ralf See James Gang Hutton, Danny See Three Dog Night Hutz, Eugene See Gogol Bordello Huun-Huur-Tu 58 Huxley, Rick See Dave Clark Five, The Hyatt, Aitch See Specials, The Hyde, Karl See Underworld Hyde, Michael See Big Mountain Hyman, Dick 39 Hyman, Jerry See Blood, Sweat and Tears Hyman, Phyllis 49 Hyman, Rob See Hooters Hynd, Richard See Texas Hynde, Chrissie See Pretenders, The Hyslop, Kenny See Simple Minds Ian, Janis 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Ian, Scott See Anthrax Ian and Sylvia 18 Ibarra, Susie 55 Ibbotson, Jimmy See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Ibold, Mark See Pavement Ibrahim, Abdullah 24 Ice Cube 10 Also see N.W.A Ice-T 7 Ickes, Rob 49 Also see Blue Highway Ida 44 Idlewild 30 Idol, Billy 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Iero, Frank See My Chemical Romance Ieuan, Dafydd “Daf” See Catatonia Also see Super Furry Animals If, Owen See Stereo MC’s Iglauer, Bruce 37 Iglesias, Enrique 27

Huidobro, Micky See Molotov

Hutchinson, Trevor See Waterboys, The

Iglesias, Julio 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Huld, Hafdis See Gus Gus

Hutchison, Grant See Frightened Rabbit

Human League, The 17

Hutchison, Scott See Frightened Rabbit

Iha, James See Perfect Circle, A Also see Smashing Pumpkins

Hugo, Chad See Neptunes, The

Humble Pie 40 Humes, Helen 19 Hummel, Andy

Hurley, Sean See Vertical Horizon Hurst, Ron See Steppenwolf Hurt, Mississippi John 24 Hussain, Zakir 32 Hussey, Wayne See Dead or Alive Husted, Andy See MxPx

Huth, Todd See Primus

See Dire Straits Image, Joey See Misfits, The Imbruglia, Natalie 66 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Immaculate Machine 62 Immerglück, David See Counting Crows Immergluck, David See Monks of Doom Immerwahr, Steve See Ida Imperial Teen 26 Imperials, The 43 Impressions, The 36 Incognito 16 Incredible String Band 23 Incubus 23 India.Arie 66 Earlier sketch in CM 41 Indigenous 31 Indigo Girls 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Inez, Mike See Alice in Chains Infante, Frank See Blondie Ingber, Elliot “Winged Eel Fingerling” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Inge, Edward See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Ingebrigtsen, Christian See A1 Ingelevics, Jesse See Alexisonfire Ingraham, David See Young Dubliners Ingram, Bobby See Molly Hatchet Ingram, Jack 58 Ingram, Jack See Incredible String Band Ingram, James 11 Ink Spots 23 Inner Circle 15 Innes, Andrew See Primal Scream Innes, Neil See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Innis, Dave See Restless Heart Innocence Mission, The 46 Insane Clown Posse 22 Interior, Lux See Cramps, The (International) Noise Conspiracy, The 60 Interpol 52 Intveldt, James See Blasters, The

Il Divo 61

INXS 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Illsley, John

Iommi, Tony

IIIrd Tyme Out 40

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Black Sabbath Iovine, Jimmy 46 Irish Tenors, The 36 Irmler, Hans-Joachim See Faust Iron Maiden 10 Irons, Jack See Pearl Jam Also see Red Hot Chili Peppers Irvin, Nathaniel See Fairfield Four Irving, Kevin See Club Nouveau Irwin, Pat See B-52’s, The Isaak, Chris 33 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Isabelle, Jeff See Guns n’ Roses Isacsson, Jonas See Roxette Isbell, Jason See Drive-By Truckers Isbin, Sharon 33 Isham, Mark 14 Isles, Bill See O’Jays, The Isley, Ernie See Isley Brothers, The Isley, Marvin See Isley Brothers, The Isley, O’Kelly, Jr. See Isley Brothers, The Isley, Ronald See Isley Brothers, The Isley, Rudolph See Isley Brothers, The Isley Brothers, The 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Israel Vibration 21 Ithier, Rafael See El Gran Combo Ivers, Eileen 30 Also see Cherish the Ladies Iverson, Ethan See Bad Plus, The Ives, Burl 12 Ives, Charles 29 Ivey, Michael See Basehead Ivins, Michael See Flaming Lips Izambard, Sebastien See Il Divo J. See White Zombie

Jackett, Rick See Finger Eleven Jackson, Alan 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Jackson, Al See Booker T. & the M.G.’s Jackson, Chuck See Del Vikings, The Jackson, Clive See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Jackson, David See Van der Graaf Generator Jackson, Eddie See Queensryche Jackson, Freddie 3 Jackson, Jackie See Jacksons, The Jackson, Janet 64 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Jackson, Jermaine See Jacksons, The Jackson, Joe 64 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jackson, Karen See Supremes, The Jackson, Mahalia 8 Jackson, Marlon See Jacksons, The Jackson, Martin See Swing Out Sister Jackson, Michael 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Jacksons, The Jackson, Millie 14 Jackson, Milt 15 Jackson, Pervis See Spinners, The Jackson, Quentin See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Jackson, Randy 64 Jackson, Randy See Jacksons, The Jackson, Ronald Shannon See Music Revelation Ensemble Jackson, Stevie See Belle and Sebastian

J, David See Bauhaus Also see Love and Rockets

Jackson, Wanda 42

J. Geils Band 25

Jackson 5, The See Jacksons, The

Ja Rule 65 Earlier sketch in CM 36 Jabour, Seth See Les Savy Fav Jabs, Matthias See Scorpions, The

Jackson, Tito See Jacksons, The Jackson, Tony See Searchers, The Jackson, Willie See Spaniels, The

Jacksons, The 7 Jackyl 24 Jacobs, Alan See Fugs, The Jacobs, Christian Richard

Cumulative Musicians Index • 293

See Aquabats, The Jacobs, Jeff See Foreigner Jacobs, Kate 51 Jacobs, Nick See Blue Aeroplanes, The Jacobs, Parker See Aquabats, The Jacobs, Walter See Little Walter Jacox, Martin See Soul Stirrers, The Jacquet, Illinois 53 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Jadakiss 51 Jade 4U See Lords of Acid Jaffee, Rami See Wallflowers, The Jagged Edge 36 Jagger, Mick 53 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Also see Rolling Stones, The Jago, Nick See Black Rebel Motorcycle Club Jaheim 42 Jairo T. See Sepultura Jalal See Last Poets Jam, Jimmy See Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis Jam, The 27 Jam Master Jay See Run DMC Jamal, Ahmad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Jamerson, James See Funk Brothers James 12 James, Alex See Blur James, Andrew “Bear” See Midnight Oil James, Bob See Fourplay James, Boney 21 James, Brian See Damned, The James, Cheryl See Salt-N-Pepa James, Colin 66 James, David See Alien Sex Fiend Also see Spearhead James, Denise See His Name Is Alive James, Doug See Roomful of Blues

See Jackyl James, Jim See My Morning Jacket James, John See Newsboys, The James, Joni 30 James, Onieda See Spearhead James, Richard See Aphex Twin James, Richard See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci James, Richey See Manic Street Preachers James, Rick 55 Earlier sketch in CM 2 James, Ruby See Aztec Camera James, Simon See Acoustic Alchemy James, Skip 24 James, Spencer See Searchers, The James, Sylvia See Aztec Camera James, Tommy See Tommy James and the Shondells James, Will See Papa Roach James Gang 56 Jamiroquai 21 Jamison, Le Le See Spearhead Jan & Dean 32 Jane’s Addiction 6 Janis, Tim 46 Janney, Eli See Girls Against Boys Janovitz, Bill See Buffalo Tom Jansch, Bert See Pentangle Jara, Victor 59 Jardine, Al See Beach Boys, The Jarman, Joseph See Art Ensemble of Chicago, The Jarobi See Tribe Called Quest, A Jarre, Jean-Michel 2 Jarreau, Al 62 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Jarrett, Hugh See Jordanaires, The Jarrett, Irwin See Third World

James, Elmore 8

Jarrett, Keith 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1

James, Etta 54 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Jars of Clay 49 Earlier sketch in CM 20

James, Gregg See D.O.A.

Jason & the Scorchers 45

James, Harry 11

Jasper, Chris See Isley Brothers, The

James, Jesse

Jawbox 31

294 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Jawbreaker 46 Jaworski, Al See Jesus Jones Jay, Miles See Village People, The Jay Dee See Slum Village Jaye, Sam See Love as Laughter Jayhawks, The 49 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Jayne, Mitch See Dillards, The Jayne, Sam See Love as Laughter Jayson, Mackie See Bad Brains Jay-Z 47 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Jazdzewski, Joe See Paladins, The Jazz Butcher, The 30 Jazze Pha 58 Jazzie B See Soul II Soul JBJ See Crazy Town J.C. 2000 See Rocket from the Crypt Jean, Wyclef 60 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Also see Fugees, The Jeannin, Fran&etilde;ois See Paris Combo Jeanrenaud, Joan Dutcher See Kronos Quartet Jeczalik, Jonathan See Art of Noise Jefferson, Blind Lemon 18 Jefferson Airplane 5 Jefferson Starship See Jefferson Airplane Jeffre, Justin See 98 Degrees Jeffries, Michael See Tower of Power Jellyfish 54 Jem 65 Jemmott, Gerald See Pearls Before Swine Jenifer, Darryl See Bad Brains Jenkin, Warren See Killing Heidi Jenkins, Barry See Animals, The Jenkins, Gary See Silk

Jenkins, Stephan See Third Eye Blind Jenkins, Tomi See Cameo Jennings, Greg See Restless Heart Jennings, Mason 59 Jennings, Waylon 65 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jensen, Ingrid 22 Jensen, Ken See D.O.A. Jerkins, Rodney 38 Jerneholm, Kale See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Jerry, Jah See Skatalites, The Jeru the Damaja 33 Jessee, Darren See Ben Folds Five Jessie, Young See Coasters, The Jesus Jones 23 Jesus Lizard 19 Jesus and Mary Chain, The 10 Jet 61 Jeter, Claude See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Also see Swan Silvertones, The Jethro Tull 8 Jett, Joan 3 Also see Runaways, The Jewel 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 “Jez” See Swervedriver Jimbo See Reverend Horton Heat Jimbob See Carter USM Jimenez, Flaco See Texas Tornados, The Jiménez, Jorge See Tijuana No! Jimmie’s Chicken Shack 22 Jimmy Eat World 37 Jimmy G. See Switches Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis 11 Jo, Sumi 37

Jobim, Antonio Carlos 19

Johnson, Daryl See Neville Brothers, The

Jenkins, Johnny 60

Jobson, Eddie See Roxy Music

Johnson, David See Can

Jobson, Edwin See Jethro Tull

Johnson, Donnie 48

Jocque, Beau 51

Johnson, Eric 19

Johnston, Aaron See Brazilian Girls

Jocz, Steve “Stevo 32” See Sum 41

Johnson, Eric See Archers of Loaf

Johnston, Bruce See Beach Boys, The

Jodeci 13

Johnson, Ethyl

Johnston, Daniel 61

Jenkins, Karl See Soft Machine Jenkins, Kevin See Black 47 Jenkins, Leroy 39 Jenkins, Pall See Black Heart Procession

Joannou, Chris See Musiq Joannou, Chris See Silverchair Jobe, Rivers See Savoy Brown

Joe 33 Joel, Billy 52 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Joel, Phil See Newsboys, The Johansen, David 7 Also see New York Dolls Johansen, David See New York Dolls, The Johansen, Kevin 48 Johanson, Jai Johanny See Allman Brothers, The Johansson, Glenn See Echobelly Johansson, Inge See (International) Noise Conspiracy Johansson, Lars-Olof See Cardigans John 5 See Marilyn Manson John, Elton 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 John, Little Willie 25 John Spencer Blues Explosion 18 Johns, Daniel See Musiq Johns, Daniel See Silverchair Johnson, Aaron See Antibalas Johnson, Alphonso See Weather Report Johnson, Big Jack 60 Johnson, Billy See Moonglows, The Johnson, Blind Willie 26 Johnson, Bob See Steeleye Span Johnson, Brian See AC/DC Johnson, Brian See O.C. Supertones, The Johnson, Brodie See Voodoo Glow Skulls Johnson, Buddy 44 Johnson, Calvin See Beat Happening Johnson, Corinthian “Kripp” See Del Vikings, The Johnson, Courtney See New Grass Revival, The Johnson, Danny See Steppenwolf

Johnson, Ella 50

See Swell Johnson, Gene See Diamond Rio Johnson, Gerry See Steel Pulse Johnson, Holly See Frankie Goes To Hollywood Johnson, J.J. 33 Johnson, Jack 64 Earlier sketch in CM 45 Johnson, James P. 16 Johnson, Jared See Samples Johnson, Jason See Paloalto Johnson, Jeff See Jason & the Scorchers Johnson, Jerry See Big Mountain Johnson, Johnnie 56 Johnson, Kraig See Golden Smog Johnson, Kraig See Jayhawks, The Johnson, Kurt See Flying Luttenbachers, The Johnson, Lonnie 56 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Johnson, Louis See Swan Silvertones, The Johnson, Marc 58 Johnson, Matt See 54-40 Johnson, Matt See Chainsaw Kittens, The Johnson, Matt See The The Johnson, Mike See Dinosaur Jr. Johnson, Patricia See Sweet Honey in the Rock Johnson, Ralph See Earth, Wind and Fire Johnson, Robert 6 Johnson, Robert See KC and the Sunshine Band Johnson, Roy See Congos, The Johnson, Scott See Gin Blossoms Johnson, Shirley Childres See Sweet Honey in the Rock Johnson, Steve See Brainiac Johnson, Syleena 49 Johnson, Tamara “Taj” See SWV Johnson, Vince See Mediaeval Baebes Johnson, Willie See Golden Gate Quartet

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Johnston, Doug See Loverboy Johnston, Freedy 20 Johnston, Howie See Ventures, The Johnston, Max See Uncle Tupelo Also see Wilco Johnston, Mike See Northwoods Improvisers Johnston, Phillip 36 Johnston, Sonnie See Five Iron Frenzy Johnston, Tom See Doobie Brothers, The JoJo 61 JoJo See Jodeci Also see K-Ci & JoJo Jolly, Bill See Butthole Surfers Jolly, Herman See Sunset Valley Jolson, Al 10 Jon B. 41 Jon Spencer Blues Explosion 54 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Jonas, Joseph See Jonas Brothers Jonas, Kevin See Jonas Brothers Jonas, Nicholas See Jonas Brothers Jonas Brothers 63 Jones, Adam See Tool Jones, Andrew See Dr. Dog Jones, Anthony See Humble Pie Jones, Benny See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Jones, Booker T. 8 Also see Booker T. & the M.G.’s Jones, Brian See Rolling Stones, The Jones, Busta See Gang of Four Jones, Calvin “Fuzz” See Music Revelation Ensemble Jones, Claude See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Jones, Craig See Slipknot Jones, Daniel See Savage Garden

Jones, Donell 43 Jones, Elvin 9 Jones, Etta 37 Jones, Geoffrey See Sounds of Blackness Jones, George 36 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Jones, Gordon See Silly Wizard Jones, Grace 9 Jones, Hank 15 Jones, Howard 26 Jones, Jab See Memphis Jug Band Jones, Jamie See All-4-One Jones, Jim See Pere Ubu Jones, John Paul See Led Zeppelin Jones, Jonah 53 Jones, Kelly See Stereophonics Jones, Kendall See Fishbone Jones, Kenny See Faces, The Also see Who, The Jones, Kimberly See Lil’ Kim Jones, Marshall See Ohio Players Jones, Marti 51 Jones, Maxine See En Vogue Jones, Michael See Kronos Quartet Jones, Mick See Big Audio Dynamite Also see Clash, The Jones, Mick See Foreigner Jones, Mick See Tommy James and the Shondells Jones, Norah 48 Jones, Orville See Ink Spots

Jones, Danko See Danko Jones

Jones, Randy See Village People, The

Jones, Daron See 112

Jones, Richard See Stereophonics

Jones, Darryl See Rolling Stones, The

Jones, Rickie Lee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Jones, Davy See Monkees, The Jones, Denise See Point of Grace

Jones, Paul See Catatonia Also see Elastica Jones, Peter See Cosmic Psychos Jones, Philly Joe 16 Jones, Quincy 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Cumulative Musicians Index • 295

Jones, Rod See Idlewild Jones, Ronald See Flaming Lips Jones, Russell “Ol’ Dirty Bastard” See Ol’ Dirty Bastard Also see Wu-Tang Clan Jones, Sandra “Puma” See Black Uhuru Jones, Simon See Verve, The Jones, Spike 5 Jones, Stacy See American Hi-Fi Also see Letters to Cleo Also see Veruca Salt Jones, Steve See Sex Pistols, The Jones, Teren See Del the Funky Homosapien Also see Gorillaz Jones, Terry See Point of Grace Jones, Thad 19 Jones, Tom 11 Jones, Tyler See Reel Big Fish Jones, Uriel See Funk Brothers Jones, Vincent See Grapes of Wrath, The Jones, Will “Dub” See Coasters, The Jonsson, Magnus See Gus Gus Joplin, Janis 3 Joplin, Scott 10 Jordan, Cyril See Flamin’ Groovies Jordan, Dante “Chi” See Ruff Endz Jordan, Esteban 49 Jordan, Ken See Crystal Method, The Jordan, Lonnie See War Jordan, Louis 11 Jordan, Marc 30 Jordan, Montell 26 Jordan, Ronny 51 Jordan, Stanley 1 Jordanaires, The 44 Jordison, Joey See Slipknot Jorge, Seu 58 Jorgensen, Mikal See Wilco

Joseph-I, Israel See Bad Brains Josephmary See Compulsion Jourgensen, Al See Ministry Journey 21 Joy Division 19 Joy Electric 26 Joyce, Don See Negativland Joyce, Mike See Buzzcocks, The Also see Smiths, The Juanes 43 Juanita See Les Négresses Vertes Judas Priest 47 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Judd, Naomi See Judds, The Judd, Wynonna See Judds, The Also see Wynonna Judds, The 2 Judy, Eric See Modest Mouse Jugg, Roman See Damned, The Jughead, John See Screeching Weasel Juhlin, Dag See Poi Dog Pondering Juicy J See Three 6 Mafia Jukebox See Geto Boys, The Jule Brown 63 Jules, Gary 52 Juliana Theory, The 43 Juliano, Thomas See Seven Mary Three Julie Ruin See Hanna, Kathleen Julot See Les Négresses Vertes Jungle DJ “Towa” See Deee-lite Junior, Marvin See Dells, The Junoon 45 Junstrom, Larry “LJ” See .38 Special Jupp, Tim See Delirious? Jurado, Jeanette See Exposé

Jorgenson, John See Desert Rose Band, The

Jurassic 5 42

Jos See Ex, The

Jurgensen, Jens See Boss Hog

Josefowicz, Leila 35

Justman, Seth See J. Geils Band

Jones, Robert “Kuumba” See Ohio Players

Joseph, Charles See Dirty Dozen Brass Band

Juvenile 61 Earlier sketch in CM 36

Jones, Robin See Beta Band, The

Joseph, Kirk See Dirty Dozen Brass Band

Jym See Mr. T Experience, The

296 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Kaas, Patricia 41 Kaasinen, Mari See Väarttinä Kaasinen, Sari See Väarttinä Kabongo, Sabine See Zap Mama Kaczor, Neil See Minty Kaczynski, Ray See Northwoods Improvisers Kahlil, Aisha See Sweet Honey in the Rock Kain, Gylan See Last Poets Kaine See Ying Yang Twins Kaiser, Glenn See Resurrection Band Kaiser, Henry See Golden Palominos Kaiser, Wendi See Resurrection Band Kaiser Chiefs 66 Kakoulli, Harry See Squeeze Kale, Jim See Guess Who Kalima-Heine, Lehua See Na Leo Kalligan, Dick See Blood, Sweat and Tears Kalsi, Johnny See Afro Celt Sound System Kalthum, Umm 42 Kamanski, Paul See Beat Farmers Kaminski, Mik See Electric Light Orchestra Kamomiya, Ryo See Pizzicato Five Kamoze, Ini 47 Kanal, Tony See No Doubt Kanawa, Kiri Te See Te Kanawa, Kiri Kancheli, Giya 40 Kand, Valor See Christian Death Kander, John 33 Kane, Arthur See New York Dolls Kane, Big Daddy 7 Kane, Jr., Arthur See New York Dolls, The Kane, Keith See Vertical Horizon

Kansas 32 Kantner, Paul See Jefferson Airplane Kaplan, Harvey See Spiral Starecase Kaplan, Ira See Yo La Tengo Kaplan, Lisa See eighth blackbird Kaplan, Oren See Gogol Bordello Kapranos, Alex See Franz Ferdinand Karajan, Herbert von See von Karajan, Herbert Karasony, Dave See Rippingtons Karate 57 Kardinal Offishall 61 Karen O See Yeah Yeah Yeahs Karges, Murphy See Sugar Ray Karlsson, Gunnar See Wannadies, The Karlsson, Lena See Komeda Karnats, Philip See Tripping Daisy Karnats, Phil See Secret Machines Karoli, Michael See Can Karrer, Chris See Amon Duul II Kasica, Ben See Skillet Kasper, Michael See Ensemble Modern Kater, Peter 35 Kath, Terry See Chicago Kato, Nash See Urge Overkill Katrin See Ex, The Katrina and the Waves 48 Katunich, Alex See Incubus Katz, Mike See Battlefield Band, The Katz, Simon See Jamiroquai Katz, Steve See Blood, Sweat and Tears Kaukonen, Jorma See Jefferson Airplane

Kane, Kevin See Grapes of Wrath, The

Kaulitz, Bill See Tokio Hotel

Kane, Nick See Mavericks, The

Kaulitz, Tom See Tokio Hotel

Kang, Eyvind 28 Kang, Michael See String Cheese Incident, The Kannberg, Scott See Pavement

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Jamiroquai Kay, John See Steppenwolf Kay Gee See Naughty by Nature Kaye, Carol 22 Kaye, Tony See Yes Kaylan, Howard See Turtles, The KC and the Sunshine Band 46 K-Ci See Jodeci Also see K-Ci & JoJo K-Ci & JoJo 34 K-Doe, Ernie 36 Keaggy, Cheri 54 Keaggy, Phil 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Kean, Martin See Stereolab Keane 62 Keane, Sean See Chieftains, The Kearney, Pete See Fugs, The Kearns, Anthony See Irish Tenors, The Kearns, Robert See Bottle Rockets Keating, Ronan See Boyzone Kee, John P. 15 Keefe, Dylan See Marcy Playground Keeler, Patrick See Raconteurs, The Keelor, Greg See Beck Keelor, Greg See Blue Rodeo Keely, Conrad See ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Keenan, Maynard James See Perfect Circle, A Also see Tool Keene, Barry See Spirit

See D.O.A. Kelis 48 Kelley, Josh 64 Kelly, Betty See Martha and the Vandellas Kelly, Charlotte See Soul II Soul Kelly, Dennis See McCoys, The Kelly, Ed See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Kelly, Hugh See Wedding Present, The Kelly, Jeff 31 Kelly, Johnny See Type O Negative Kelly, Junior 49 Kelly, Kevin See Byrds, The Kelly, Mark See Altan Kelly, Matt See Dropkick Murphys Kelly, Paul 40 Kelly, R. 44 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Kelly, Rashaan See US3 Kelly, Scott See Neurosis Kelly, Sean See Samples Kelly, Sean See Sixpence None the Richer Kelly, Terrance See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Kember, Pete See Spacemen 3 Kemp, Rick See Steeleye Span Kemp, Steve See Hard-Fi Kendall, Mark See Great White Kendrick, David See Devo

Keene, Tommy 31

Kendricks, Eddie See Temptations, The

Keifer, Tom See Cinderella

Kennedy, Billy See Frightened Rabbit

Keitaro See Pizzicato Five

Kennedy, David See Angels & Airwaves

Keith, Bubba See James Gang

Kennedy, Delious See All-4-One

Keith, Jeff See Tesla

Kennedy, Frankie See Altan

Keith, Mike See 112

Kennedy, Myles See Alter Bridge

Kavanagh, Chris See Big Audio Dynamite

Keith, Toby 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Kennedy, Nigel 47 Earlier sketch in CM 8

Kavanaugh, Lydia See Golden Palominos

Keith, Trever See Face to Face

Kay, Jason

Keithley, Joey “Sh**head”

Kennedy, William See Yellowjackets Kenner, Doris See Shirelles, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Kenner, Roy See James Gang Kennerty, Mike See All-American Rejects, The Kenny, Bill See Ink Spots Kenny, Clare See Aztec Camera Kenny, Herb See Ink Spots Kenny G 14 Also see Rippingtons Kent, Andy See You Am I Kent, Julia See Rasputina Kent, Stacey 28 Kenton, Stan 21 Kentucky Headhunters, The 5 Kerman, Elliott See Rockapella Kern, Jerome 13 Kerr, Don See Rheostatics Kerr, Jim See Simple Minds Kerr, Scott See Five Iron Frenzy Kerr, Stuart See Texas Kershaw, Sammy 15 Kessel, Barney 47 Kessel, Kenny See Loud Family, The Kessler, Daniel See Interpol Ketchum, Hal 14 Keuning, David See Killers, The Key, Cevin See Skinny Puppy Key, Ryan See Yellowcard Keys, Alicia 46 Keyser, Alex See Echobelly Khaled 33 Khalsa, Giti See Seven Mary Three Khan, Ali Akbar 34 Khan, Chaka 63 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali 13 Khan, Praga See Lords of Acid Khovalyg , Kaigal-ool See Huun-Huur-Tu Kibble, Joey See Take 6 Kibble, Mark See Take 6

Kid ’n Play 5 Kid Rock 54 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kidjo, Angelique 39 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Kidman, Whil See Constantines, The Kidney, Robert See Golden Palominos Kid606 36 Kiedis, Anthony See Red Hot Chili Peppers Kiftmeyer See Green Day Kihlstedt, Carla See Tin Hat Trio Kilbey, Steve See Cameo Kilbey, Steve See Church, The Kilbourn, Duncan See Psychedelic Furs Kilgallon, Eddie See Ricochet Kilgore 24 Kilkenny, Giorgio See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Killers, The 61 Killian, Tim See Kronos Quartet Killing Heidi 62 Killing Joke 30 Kills, The 64 Kimball, Jennifer See Story, The Kimball, Jim See Jesus Lizard Kimble, Paul See Grant Lee Buffalo Kimbrough, Junior 41 Kinard, Tulani Jordan See Sweet Honey in the Rock Kincaid, Jan See Brand New Heavies, The Kinchen, Ricky See Mint Condition Kinchla, Chan See Blues Traveler Kinde, Geoff See Atomic Fireballs, The King, Albert 2 King, Andy See Hooters King, B.B. 24 Earlier sketch in CM 1 King, Ben E. 7 Also see Drifters, The King, Bob See Soul Stirrers, The King, Carole 6 Also see Goffin-King King, Chris Thomas 43

Kibby, Walter See Fishbone

King, Dave See Flogging Molly

Kick, Johnny See Madder Rose

King, David See Bad Plus, The

Cumulative Musicians Index • 297

Kirchen, Bill 50 Also see Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen

Also see Free Kirkendall, Terry See Derailers, The Kirkland, Mike See Prong Kirkland, Scott See Crystal Method, The Kirkman, Terry See Association, The Kirkpatrick, Chris See ’N Sync Kirkpatrick, Sean See Swell Kirkpatrick, Wayne 50 Kirkwood, Cris See Meat Puppets, The Kirkwood, Curt See Meat Puppets, The Kirtley, Peter See Pentangle Kirwan, Danny See Fleetwood Mac Kirwan, Larry See Black 47 Kiss 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Kisser, Andreas See Sepultura Kissin, Evgeny 55 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Kitaro 36 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Kitchener, Lord 29 Kitsos, Nick See BoDeans Kitt, Eartha 9 Kjartansson, Siggi See Gus Gus Kleiman, Jon See Monster Magnet Klein, Danny See J. Geils Band Klein, Ellery See Gaelic Storm Klein, Jon See Siouxsie and the Banshees Klein, Mark See Cobra Verde Klein, Steve See New Found Glory Klein, Trish See Be Good Tanyas Klein, Trish See Po’ Girl Kleinow, “Sneaky” Pete See Flying Burrito Brothers Klett, Peter See Candlebox

Kircher, Pete See Status Quo

Klezmatics, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 18

Kirk, Rahsaan Roland 6

KLF, The 52

Kirk, Richard H. See Cabaret Voltaire

Klopfenstein, Scott See Reel Big Fish

Kirkby, Emma 35

Klugh, Earl 59 Earlier sketch in CM 10

King, Earl 44 King, Ed See Lynyrd Skynyrd King, Freddy 17 King, Jay See Club Nouveau King, Joe See Fray, The King, John See Dust Brothers King, Jon See Gang of Four King, Kaki 55 King, Kerry See Slayer King, Mark See Hinder King, Pee Wee 30 King, Philip See Lush King, Simon See Hawkwind King, Stove See Mansun King, William Jr. See Commodores, The King Ad-Rock See Horovitz, Adam King Crimson 17 King Missile 22 King Tubby 51 Kingins, Duke See Atomic Fireballs, The Kings of Convenience 51 Kings of Leon 54 King’s X 52 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Kingsmen, The 34 Kingsmill, Mark See Hoodoo Gurus Kingston Trio, The 9 Kininger, Sam See Soulive Kinks, The 15 Kinley, Heather See Kinleys, The Kinley, Jennifer See Kinleys, The Kinleys, The 32 Kinney, Kevn See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Kinney, Sean See Alice in Chains Kippenberger, Karl See Shihad

Kirke, Simon See Bad Company

Kmatsu, Bravo

298 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Pizzicato Five KMFDM 18 Knack, The 35 Knapp, Jennifer 43 Knaup, Renate See Amon Duul II Knechtel, Larry See Bread Knife, The 61 Knight, Gladys 50 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Knight, Jon See New Kids on the Block Knight, Jordan See New Kids on the Block Knight, Larry See Spirit Knight, Peter See Steeleye Span Knight, Phil See Shihad Knight, Ross See Cosmic Psychos Knight, Steve See Mountain Knight, Suge 15 Knight, Susan See Ensemble Modern Knighton, Willie “Khujo” See Goodie Mob Knop, Rob See Harvey Danger Knopfler, David See Dire Straits Knopfler, Mark 25 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Dire Straits Know, Dr. See Bad Brains Knowledge See Digable Planets Knowles, Beyoncé 60 Also see Destiny’s Child Knowles, Liz See Cherish the Ladies Knox, Jon See Adam Again Knox, Nick See Cramps, The Knox, Richard See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Knudsen, Keith See Doobie Brothers, The Knutson, Erik See Flotsam and Jetsam Koala, Kid See Gorillaz

Koller, Peter See Sick of It All Koltnow, Eric See Aloha Komeda 52 Kon Artis See D12 Konietzko, Sascha See KMFDM Konikoff, Eli See Spyro Gyra Konishi, Yasuharu See Pizzicato Five Konitz, Lee 30 Konto, Skip See Three Dog Night Kontos, Chris See Machine Head Kooijman, Marjolein See Gathering, The Kool Herc 45 Kool Keith 54 Kool Moe Dee 9 Kool & the Gang 58 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kooper, Al See Blood, Sweat and Tears Koopsta Knicca See Three 6 Mafia Kootch, Danny See Fugs, The Koppelman, Charles 14 Koppes, Peter See Cameo Koppes, Peter See Church, The Korn 20 Korner, Alexis 51 Kosker, Josh See Juliana Theory, The Kossoff, Paul See Free Koster, Bo See My Morning Jacket Koster, Julian See Neutral Milk Hotel Kotche, Glenn See Wilco Kottke, Leo 53 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Kottonmouth Kings 38 Kotzen, Richie See Mr. Big Kotzen, Richie See Poison Koutsos, Anthony See Red House Painters

Kochanski, Dave See Rippingtons

Kouyate, N’Faly See Afro Celt Sound System

Koffman, Moe 34

Kowalczyk, Ed See Live

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Kozlowski, Luke See Immaculate Machine Kraftwerk 9 Krakauer, David See Klezmatics, The Krall, Diana 50 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Kramer, Amanda See Golden Palominos Kramer, Joey See Aerosmith Kramer, Mack See Fugs, The Kramer, Wayne See MC5, The Krasno, Eric See Soulive Krasnow, Bob 15 Krause, Bernie See Weavers, The Krauss, Alison 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Krauss, Scott See Pere Ubu Kravitz, Lenny 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Krawits, Michael See Pearls Before Swine Krayzie Bone 63 Krayzie Bone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Krazy Drayz See Das EFX Krebs, Pete 43 Kreisberg, Jennifer Elizabeth See Ulali Kreisel, Greg See Offspring Kremer, Gidon 30 Kresge, Geoff See AFI Kretz, Eric See Stone Temple Pilots Kretzschmar, Hermann See Ensemble Modern Kreutzman, Bill See Grateful Dead, The Kreviazuk, Chantal 33 Krieger, Robert See Doors, The Kriesel, Greg “Greg K.” See Offspring Kris Kross 11 Kriss, Tom See James Gang Kristofferson, Kris 59 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Krizan, Anthony See Spin Doctors

Kowald, Peter 32

Kroeger, Chad See Nickelback

Koite, Thierno See Orchestra Baobab

Koz, Dave 20 Also see Rippingtons

Kroeger, Mike See Nickelback

Koller, Lou See Sick of It All

Kozelek, Mark See Red House Painters

Kronos Quartet, The 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Koite, Moutaga See Orchestra Baobab

Kropinski, Uwe 31 Kropp, Mike See Northern Lights KRS-One 8 Krukowski, Damon See Damon and Naomi Also see Galaxie 500 Krummenacher, Victor See Monks of Doom Krupa, Gene 13 Krusen, Dave See Pearl Jam Kruspe, Richard See Rammstein Kuba See D.O.A. Kubiszewski, Andrew See Stabbing Westward Kubler, Tad See Hold Steady, The Kuebler, Roman See Spoon Kuehn, William See Rainer Maria Kuepper, Ed See Saints, The Kula Shaker 47 Kulak, Eddie See Aztec Camera Kulick, Bruce See Kiss Kumbia Kings 52 Kuniva See D12 Kunkel, Bruce See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Kunzel, Erich 17 Kupferberg, Tuli See Fugs, The Kupka, Stephen “Doc” See Tower of Power Kurdziel, Eddie See Redd Kross Kurihara, Michio See Ghost Kurosky, Miles See Beulah Kurtág, György 54 Kurth, Rob See Face to Face Kurupt 35 Kuti, Fela 7 Kuti, Femi 29 Kuular, Anatoli See Huun-Huur-Tu Kuvezin, Albert See Huun-Huur-Tu Kweli, Talib 43 Kweller, Ben 57 Kyrkjebø, Sissel See Sissel La Bottine Souriante 50 La Bouche 38 La India Canela 66 Earlier sketch in CM 35 La Ley 62

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Earlier sketch in CM 33 LaBar, Jeff See Cinderella LaBelle, Patti 45 Earlier sketch in CM 8 LaBour, Frederick “Too Slim” See Riders in the Sky Laboy, Mitchell See El Gran Combo LaBrie, James See Dream Theater Labrum, Jerry See Paul Revere & The Raiders LaBruyere, David See Vigilantes of Love Lacey, Ryan See Gaelic Storm Lachey, Drew See 98 Degrees Lachey, Nick See 98 Degrees Lack, Steve See Veruca Salt LaCroix, Dimples See Lane, Fred Lacy, Steve 23 Lady Miss Kier See Deee-lite Lady Saw 41 Lady Sovereign 61 Ladybug See Digable Planets Ladysmith Black Mambazo 60 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ladytron 65 Lafalce, Mark See Mekons, The LaFollette, Steve See Beulah Lagerborg, Chris See Down By Law Lagerburg, Bengt See Cardigans, The Lahiri, Bappi 42 Laika 47 Laine, Cleo 10 Laine, Denny See Moody Blues, The Laing, Corky See Mountain Laird, Rick See Mahavishnu Orchestra

Lamb, Barbara 19 Lamb, Michael See Confederate Railroad Lambchop 29 Lambert, Ben See Carter USM Lambert, Dave See Lambert, Hendricks and Ross Also see Strawbs Lambert, Hendricks and Ross 28 Lambert, Miranda 62 Lambert, Yves See La Bottine Souriante Lambke, Steve See Constantines, The Lamble, Martin See Fairport Convention Lamm, Robert See Chicago Lamond, Mary Jane 33 LaMontagne, Ray 61 Lampkin, Troy See Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir Lancaster, Alan See Status Quo Lancaster, Brian See Surfin’ Pluto Lance, Major 58 Landers, Paul See Rammstein Landreth, Sonny 16 Lane, Brian See Slobberbone Lane, Cristy 51 Lane, David See You Am I Lane, Fred 28 Lane, Jani See Warrant Lane, Jay See Primus Lane, Ronnie 46 Also see Faces, The Lane, Shawn See Blue Highway Lanegan, Mark 57 Also see Screaming Trees Lang, Damian See His Name Is Alive Lang, Eddie 60

Lake, Greg See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Also see King Crimson

Lang, Jonny 27

Lake, Oliver See World Saxophone Quartet

Langan, Gary See Art of Noise

LaKind, Bobby See Doobie Brothers, The

Langdon, Antony See Spacehog

Laliberté, Guy 51

Langdon, Royston See Spacehog

Lally, Joe See Fugazi LaLonde, Larry “Ler” See Primus Lamb 38

lang, kd 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4

Cumulative Musicians Index • 299

Langford, Neal See Shins, The Langford, Willie See Golden Gate Quartet Langley, Gerard See Blue Aeroplanes, The Langley, John See Blue Aeroplanes, The Also see Mekons, The Langlois, Paul See Tragically Hip, The Langosch, Paul See Ralph Sharon Quartet Langston, Leslie See Throwing Muses Langton, Huw Lloyd See Hawkwind Lanham, Jim See Pure Prairie League Lanier, Allen See Blue Oyster Cult Lanker, Dustin See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Lanois, Daniel 8 Lanois, Jocelyne See Crash Vegas Lanternjack, The 31 Lantz, Mike See Front Range Lanz, David 42 Lapointe, Jocelyn See La Bottine Souriante Lappalainen, Janne See Väarttinä Lappalainen, Markku See Hoobastank LaPread, Ronald See Commodores, The Lardie, Michael See Great White LaRizza, Archie See Saints, The Larkey, Charles See Fugs, The Larkin, Patty 9 Larkin, Tom See Shihad Larkins, Tom See Giant Sand Larsen, Marit See M2M Larson, Chad Albert See Aquabats, The Larson, Nathan See Shudder to Think LaRue, Florence See Fifth Dimension LaSalle, Denise 43

Lataille, Rich See Roomful of Blues Lateef, Yusef 16 Latham, Billy Ray See Dillards, The Latimer, Andrew See Camel Latter, Davey See Earlimart Lattimore, Kenny 51 Lauderdale, Jim 62 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Lauderdale, Thomas See Musiq Laughner, Peter See Pere Ubu Laughren, Matt See Cold Lauper, Cyndi 61 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Laureano, Tony See Angel Corpse Laurence, Lynda See Supremes, The Lava, Larry See Lanternjack, The Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers 32 Lavelle, Caroline 35 Lavery, Dan See Tonic LaVette, Bettye 58 Lavigne, Avril 50 Lavin, Christine 6 Lavis, Gilson See Squeeze Lavitz, T. See Dixie Dregs Lawler, Feargal See Cranberries, The Lawless, Greg See Adam Again Lawnge See Black Sheep Lawrence, Jack See Raconteurs, The Lawrence, John See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci Lawrence, Tracy 11 Lawry, John See Petra

Lasar, Mars 39

Lawson, Ricky See Yellowjackets

Lash, Tony See Sunset Valley

Lange, Mutt 47

Lassiter, Richard See Ida

Langford, Jon 59

Last Poets 21

Langford, Jon See Mekons, The

Laswell, Bill 14 Also see Golden Palominos

Laws, Hubert 38 Laws, Roland See Earth, Wind and Fire Lawson, Doyle 55 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Lawson, Jerry See Persuasions, The

Layzie Bone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Lazzara, Adam See Taking Back Sunday LCD Soundsystem 64 Le Mystère des Voix Bulgares

300 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Bulgarian State Female Vocal Choir, The Le Tigre 55 Lea, Jim See Slade Leadbelly 6 Leader, Ted See Chainsaw Kittens, The Leadon, Bernie See Eagles, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Also see Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Leaman, Toby See Dr. Dog Lear, Graham See REO Speedwagon Leary, Paul See Butthole Surfers Leary, Vinnie See Fugs, The Leatherman, Ronnie See 13th Floor Elevators Leavell, Chuck See Allman Brothers, The LeBlanc, Fred See Cowboy Mouth Le Bon, Simon See Duran Duran Leckenby, Derek “Lek” See Herman’s Hermits LeCompt, John See Evanescence Led Zeppelin 49 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Ledbetter, Huddie See Leadbelly LeDoux, Chris 55 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Lee, Alex See Blue Aeroplanes, The Lee, Alvin 59 Lee, Alvin See Ten Years After Lee, Amos 65 Lee, Amy See Evanescence Lee, Arthur See Love Lee, Barbara See Chiffons, The Lee, Ben 56 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Lee, Beverly See Shirelles, The Lee, Brenda 58 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lee, Buddy See Less Than Jake Lee, Buddy See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Lee, CoCo 36 Lee, Garret See Compulsion Lee, Geddy See Rush

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

LeMaistre, Malcolm See Incredible String Band

LeMoyne, Cedric See Remy Zero Lemper, Ute 14 Len 32 Lenchantin, Paz See Perfect Circle, A Lenear, Kevin See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Lener, Anthony See Jule Brown Lengyel, Theobald Brooks See Mr. Bungle Lenners, Rudy See Scorpions, The Lennevald, Dhani See A*Teens Lennon, John 9 Also see Beatles, The Lennon, Julian 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lennon, Sean 49 Lennox, Annie 48 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Also see Eurythmics Le Noble, Martyn See Porno for Pyros Lenz, Frank See Starflyer 59 Lenz, Paul See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Leo, Ted 43 Leonard, Geno See Filter Leonard, Glenn See Temptations, The Leonard, Scott See Rockapella Leonhardt, David See Seventy Sevens, The Leopold, Peter See Amon Duul II Lepistö, Markku See Väarttinä Lepisto, Veikko See Royal Crown Revue Lerche, Sondre 50 Lerchey, Dave See Del Vikings, The Lerner, Alan Jay See Lerner and Loewe Lerner and Loewe 13 Les Négresses Vertes 30 Les Nubians 45 Les Savy Fav 54 Lesh, Phil See Grateful Dead, The Leskanich, Katrina See Katrina and the Waves

See Moonglows, The Lester, Jimmy See Los Straitjackets Letley, Matthew See Status Quo Lettermen, The 30 Letters to Cleo 22 Levene, Keith See Clash, The Lever, Tim See Dead or Alive Levert, Eddie See O’Jays, The Levert, Gerald 35 Leverton, Jim See Caravan Levi, Marvin See Jule Brown Levin, Danny See Asleep at the Wheel Levin, Tony See King Crimson Levine, Adam See Maroon 5 Levine, James 8 Levinshefski, Drake See Paul Revere & The Raiders LeVox, Gary See Rascal Flatts Levy, Alison Faith See Loud Family, The Levy, Andrew See Brand New Heavies, The Levy, Barrington 45 Levy, Joshua See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Levy, Noah See Golden Smog Levy, Ron See Roomful of Blues Lewis, Aaron See Staind Lewis, Alex See Yellowcard Lewis, Andy See Boys Night Out Lewis, Crystal 38 Lewis, David See Paris Combo Lewis, Elliot See Average White Band Lewis, Furry 26 Lewis, Graham See Wire Lewis, Hambone See Memphis Jug Band Lewis, Heather See Beat Happening

Lemeshev, Yuri See Gogol Bordello

Leskiw, Greg See Guess Who

Lewis, Huey 9

Lemieux, Kelly See Goldfinger

Leslie, Chris See Fairport Convention

Lemmy See Hawkwind Also see Motörhead

Less Than Jake 22

Lewis, Jenny 66 Also see Rilo Kiley

Lessard, Stefan See Dave Matthews Band

Lewis, Jerry Lee 60 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Lemonheads, The 12

Lester, Bobby

Lewis, John 29

Lee, Hunter See Ceili Rain Lee, Jon See S Club 7 Lee, Mark See Third Day Lee, Peggy 8 Lee, Pete See Gwar Lee, Ric See Ten Years After Lee, Rita 37 Lee, Robbie See Love as Laughter Lee, Sara See B-52’s, The Lee, Sara See Gang of Four Lee, Stan See Incredible String Band Lee, Tommy See Mötley Crüe Lee, Tony See Treadmill Trackstar Leeb, Bill See Delerium Also see Front Line Assembly Leen, Bill See Gin Blossoms Leese, Howard See Heart Leeway, Joe See Thompson Twins Lefebvre, Sebastien See Simple Plan Leftfield 29 Leftnant, Nathan See Cameo Legend, Eddie See 5,6,7,8’s, The Legend, Johnny 58 Legend, John 61 Legg, Adrian 17 Legowitz, Herr See Gus Gus Legrand, Victoria See Beach House Leherer, Keith “Lucky” See Circle Jerks Lehrer, Tom 7 Leiber, Jerry See Leiber and Stoller Leiber and Stoller 14 Leigh, Danni 39 Leithauser, Hamilton See Walkmen, The

Lewis, Ian See Inner Circle

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Lewis, Kerri See Mint Condition Lewis, Laurie 56 Lewis, Linda Gail 48 Lewis, Marcia See Soul II Soul Lewis, Michael See Quicksilver Messenger Service Lewis, Mike See Yo La Tengo Lewis, Nigel See Los Lonely Boys Lewis, Otis See Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Lewis, Peter See Moby Grape Lewis, Ramsey 14 Also see Urban Knights Lewis, Roger See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Also see Inner Circle Lewis, Roy See Kronos Quartet Lewis, Rudy See Drifters, The Lewis, Samuel K. See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Lewis, Shaznay T. See All Saints Lewis, Terry See Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis Lewis, Tim See Spiritualized Lewis, Willie See Fairfield Four Lhote, Morgan See Stereolab Liars 55 Libbea, Gene See Nashville Bluegrass Band Liberace 9 Liberty, Earl See Circle Jerks Libran, Tito See ESG Licht, David See Klezmatics, The Lichtenauer, Michael See Chanticleer Licitra, Salvatore 46 Lidell, Jamie 57 Liebert, Ottmar 33 Liebezeit, Jaki See Can Liesegang, Brian See Filter Lifehouse 41 Lifeson, Alex See Rush Ligertwood, Alex See Average White Band

Lightning Seeds 21 Ligon, Willie Joe See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Lil’ Bow Wow See Bow Wow Lil’ Jon 52 Lil’ Kim 30 Lil’ Mo 44 Lil Scrappy 62 Lil’ Wayne 59 Liles, Brent See Social Distortion Liles, Richard See 3 Doors Down Lilienstein, Lois See Sharon, Lois & Bram Lilker, Dan See Anthrax Lilley, John See Hooters Lillywhite, Steve 13 Limeliters, The 40 Limp Bizkit 56 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Lin, Jeff See Harvey Danger Lincoln, Abbey 42 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Lind, Zach See Jimmy Eat World Lindberg, Jim See Pennywise Lindberg, John See String Trio of New York Linde, Sam See Charlatans, The Lindemann, Till See Rammstein Lindes, Hal See Dire Straits Lindley, David 2 Lindner, Michael See Aqua Velvets Lindsay, Arto 53 Also see Golden Palominos Lindsay, Mark See Paul Revere & The Raiders Line, Lorie 34 Linkin Park 44 Linkous, Mark 26 Linna, Miriam See Cramps, The Linnell, John See They Might Be Giants Lins, Ivan 58 Linton, Tom See Jimmy Eat World Lipple, T.J. See Aloha Lippok, Robert See To Rococo Rot

Cumulative Musicians Index • 301

Liquid Soul 42 Lisa, Lisa 23 Lisher, Greg See Monks of Doom Lissack, Russell See Bloc Party Listing, Georg See Tokio Hotel Lit 27 Little, Booker 36 Little, Keith See Country Gentlemen, The Little, Levi See Blackstreet Little Big Town 61 Little Eva 48 Little Feat 4 Little Richard 1 Little Texas 14 Little Walter 14 Littleton, Daniel See Ida Littleton, Michael “Miggy” See Ida Littrell, Brian See Backstreet Boys Live 14 Livgren, Kerry See Kansas Living Colour 7 Living End, The 42 Livingston, Edwin See Los Hombres Calientes Livingstone, Dandy 52 Lizárraga, Alfonso See Banda el Recodo Lizárraga, Cruz See Banda el Recodo Lizarraga, Germán See Banda el Recodo Lizárraga , Joel See Banda el Recodo LL Cool J 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Llanas, Sam See BoDeans Lloyd 65 Lloyd, Bill 62 Lloyd, Charles 22 Lloyd, Geoff See Matthew Good Band Lloyd, Mick See Felt Lloyd, Richard See Television Lloyd Webber, Andrew 6 Lo Fidelity All Stars 27

See Wedding Present, The Lockwood, Robert, Jr. 10 Locorriere, Dennis See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Lodge, John See Moody Blues, The Loeb, Lisa 23 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Loeffler, Joe See Chevelle Loeffler, Pete See Chevelle Loeffler, Sam See Chevelle Loesser, Frank 19 Loewe, Frederick See Lerner and Loewe Loewenstein, Jason See Sebadoh Lofgren, Nils 25 Logan, George See Alexisonfire Logan, Jack 27 Logan, Melissa See Chicks on Speed Loggins, Kenny 60 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Logic, Laura See X-Ray Spex Logren, Lassi See Väarttinä Lohan, Lindsay 60 Lohner, Danny See Nine Inch Nails Lombardo, Dave See Slayer Lombardo, Guy 60 Lonberg-Holm, Fred See Flying Luttenbachers, The London, Frank See Klezmatics, The London, Julie 32 Lonestar 27 Loney, Roy See Flamin’ Groovies Long, Donna See Cherish the Ladies

Locke, John See Spirit

Lopes, Dick See Spiral Starecase

Lockett, Mark See Normals, The

Lopes, Lisa “Left Eye” See TLC

Lockhart, Keith 36

Lopez, Angel See Son by Four

Ligeti, György 50

Lippok, Ronald See To Rococo Rot

Lightbody, Gary See Snow Patrol

Lipsius, Fred See Blood, Sweat and Tears

Locking, Brian See Shadows, The

Lightfoot, Gordon 3

Li Puma, Tommy 18

Lockley, Jayne

Long Beach Dub All Stars 58 Longley, Ty See Great White Longstreth, John See Angel Corpse Lonich, Yogi See Buckcherry Lopes, Andre See Bacilos

Lopez, Israel “Cachao” 34 Earlier sketch in CM 14

302 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Lopez, Jennifer 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Lopez, Luis Antonio See Banda el Recodo Lopez, Mando See Breeders Lopez, Tim See Plain White T’s Lorca, Daniel See Nada Surf Lord, Jon See Deep Purple Lord, Mary Lou 54 Lord Infamous See Three 6 Mafia Lords of Acid 20 Lorenz, Flake See Rammstein Loria, Steve See Spirit Lorimer, Roddy See Spiritualized Also see Waterboys, The Lorson, Mary See Madder Rose Los Bukis 63 Los Hombres Calientes 29 Los Lobos 36 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Los Lonely Boys 61 Los Palominos 53 Los Reyes See Gipsy Kings, The Los Straitjackets 50 Lou Dog See Kottonmouth Kings Loud Family, The 31 Loughlin, Jim See moe. Loughnane, Lee See Chicago Louison, Steve See Massive Attack Louris, Gary See Golden Smog Louris, Gary See Jayhawks, The Louvin, Charlie See Louvin Brothers, The Louvin, Ira See Louvin Brothers, The Louvin Brothers, The 12 Lovano, Joe 13 Lovat-Fraser, Connor See Boys Night Out Love 34 Love, Courtney 50 Also see Hole

Love, Rollie See Beat Farmers Love, Willie See Fairfield Four Love and Rockets 15 Love as Laughter 65 Love Spit Love 21 Loveless, Patty 66 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Loverboy 46 Lovering, David See Cracker Also see Pixies, The Lovett, Lyle 63 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lovin’ Spoonful 37 Low 37 Lowe, Chris See Pet Shop Boys Lowe, Nick 59 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Brinsley Schwarz Lowe, Victoria See Tuxedomoon Lowell, Charlie See Jars of Clay Lowenstein, Evan See Evan and Jaron Lowenstein, Jaron See Evan and Jaron Lowery, Clint See Sevendust Lowery, David See Cracker Lowest of the Low 63 Lowry, Mark See Gaither Vocal Band Lozano, Conrad See Los Lobos L7 12

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Luciano 41 Luciano, Felipe See Last Poets Luck, Greg See IIIrd Tyme Out Luckett, LaToya See Destiny’s Child Ludacris 38 Ludo 64 Luening, Otto 37 Lugo, Frank See ? and the Mysterians Luis Miguel 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Luke See Campbell, Luther Lukin, Matt See Melvins Also see Mudhoney Lukin, Matt See Mudhoney Lukkarinen, Jaakko See Väarttinä Lulu 32 Lumholdt, Sara See A*Teens Lumidee 62 Lumley, Dan See Screeching Weasel Lumumba-Kasongo, Disashi See Gym Class Heroes Luna 56 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Lunch, Lydia 54 Lund, Sara See Unwound Lundberg, Ebbot See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Lunsford, Bret See Beat Happening Lupe Fiasco 64 Lupo, Pat See Beaver Brown Band, The

Lynch, David See Platters, The Lynch, Dermot See Dog’s Eye View Lynch, Edele See B*Witched Lynch, George See Dokken Lynch, Keavy See B*Witched Lynch, Laura See Dixie Chicks Lynch, Shane See Boyzone Lynch, Stan See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Lynch, Tim See Flamin’ Groovies Lynch, Tom See Dirtbombs, The Lynes, Roy See Status Quo Lyngstad, Anni-Frid See Abba Lynn, Lonnie Rashid See Common Lynn, Loretta 47 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Lynn, Vera 54 Lynn Morris Band 40 Lynne, Jeff 5 Also see Electric Light Orchestra Lynne, Shelby 60 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Lynott, Phil See Thin Lizzy Lynyrd Skynyrd 9 Lyons, Ken See .38 Special Lyons, Leanne “Lelee” See SWV

LuPone, Patti 8

Lyons, Leo See Ten Years After

Luca, Nick See Giant Sand

Lupton, Karen See Mediaeval Baebes

Lyons, Richard See Negativland

Lucas, Gary See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Lupu, Radu 36

Lytle, Jason See Grandaddy

Lucas, Jr., Harold See Clovers, The

Lush 13

Luc See Ex, The

Luscious Jackson 27 Earlier sketch in CM 19

Lyttelton, Humphrey 66

Luster, Ahrue See Machine Head

Lyxzén, Dennis See (International) Noise Conspiracy

Luttell, Terry See REO Speedwagon

M People 27 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Luccketta, Troy See Tesla

Lydon, John 9 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Sex Pistols, The

Ma, Yo-Yo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Love, Darlene 46

Lucero 51

Lyfe 58

Maazel, Lorin 46

Love, Gerry See Swizz Beatz

Lucero, Nick See Queens of the Stone Age

Lyfe, DJ See Incubus

Mabry, Bill See Asleep at the Wheel

Love, Gerry See Teenage Fanclub

Lucia, Paco de See de Lucia, Paco

Maccaferri, Michael See eighth blackbird

Love, Laura 20

Lucia, Peter See Tommy James and the Shondells

Lymon, Frankie See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers

Love, Mike See Beach Boys, The

Lucas, Kirk See Northwoods Improvisers Lucas, Trevor See Fairport Convention

Lynam, Ron See Front Range

Maal, Baaba 37

MacCaniess, Michael See Ceili Rain MacColl, Ewan 49

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

MacColl, Kirsty 51 Earlier sketch in CM 12 MacDermot, Galt 49 MacDonald, Barbara Kooyman See Timbuk 3 MacDonald, Eddie See Alarm MacDonald, Francis See Swizz Beatz MacDonald, Iain See Battlefield Band, The MacDonald, Pat See Timbuk 3 MacDougall, Alex See Daniel Amos Macfarlane, Lora See Sleater-Kinney MacGowan, Shane See Pogues, The MacGregor, Doug See Constantines, The MacGregor, Joanna 41 MacGuire, Martie See Dixie Chicks Maché, Robert See Continental Drifters Machine Head 32 MacIntosh, Bradley See S Club 7 MacIsaac, Ashley 21 Mack, Gorden See Red House Painters Mack, Lonnie 37 Mack Daddy See Kris Kross Mackay, Andy See Roxy Music Mackay, Duncan See 10cc MacKaye, Ian See Fugazi Macken, Maureen Doherty See Cherish the Ladies Mackey, Steve See Polyphonic Spree, The Mackey, Steve See Pulp Mackin, Sean See Yellowcard MacLean, Bryan See Love MacLean, Dougie See Silly Wizard Macleod, Andy See Love as Laughter MacMaster, Natalie 37 MacNeil, Kyle See Barra MacNeils, The

See Barra MacNeils, The MacNeil, Wade See Alexisonfire MacPherson, Jim See Breeders Macy, Robin See Dixie Chicks Madan, Sonya Aurora See Echobelly Madden, Benji See Good Charlotte Madden, Joanie See Cherish the Ladies Madden, Joel See Good Charlotte Madden, Mickey See Maroon 5 Madder Rose 17 Maddison, Guy See Mudhoney Mader, Logan See Machine Head Madlib 48 Madness 27 Madonna 38 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Mae, Michelle See Make-Up, The Mael, Ron See Sparks Mael, Russell See Sparks Magehee, Marty See 4Him Magers, Brad See Bronx, The Maghostut, Malachi Favors See Art Ensemble of Chicago, The Magical Strings 43 Maginnis, Tom See Buffalo Tom Magnetic Fields, The 28 Magnie, John See Subdudes, The Magoogan, Wesley See English Beat, The Mahavishnu Orchestra 19 Maher, John See Buzzcocks, The Maher, Mark “Kram” See Spiderbait

Cumulative Musicians Index • 303

Maïtra, Shyamal See Gong Majewski, Hank See Four Seasons, The Majidi, Armand See Sick of It All Makeba, Miriam 8 Makem, Tommy See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Make-Up, The 53 Makie, Joe See Workhorse Movement, The Makino, Kazu See Blonde Redhead Malakian, Daron See System of a Down Malcolm, Hugh See Skatalites, The Malcolm, Joy See Incognito Maldonado, Taty See El Gran Combo Male, Johnny See Republica Malfitano, Catherine 45 Malherbe, Didier See Gong Malik B. See Roots, The Malin, Jesse See D Generation Malinowski, Jay See Bedouin Soundclash Malins, Mike See Goo Goo Dolls, The Malkmus, Stephen See Pavement Malley, Matt See Counting Crows Mallinder, Stephen See Cabaret Voltaire Mallonee, Bill See Vigilantes of Love Malmsteen, Yngwie 24 Malo, Raul 63 Malo, Raul See Mavericks, The Malone, Kyp See TV on the Radio Malone, Michelle 30 Malone, Russell 27

Mahogany, Kevin 26

Malone, Tommy See Subdudes, The

Mahoney, Pat See Les Savy Fav

Malone, Tom See Blood, Sweat and Tears

Mahoney, Tim See 311

Malone, William See Fairfield Four

MacNeil, Lucy See Barra MacNeils, The

Maida, Raine See Our Lady Peace

MacNeil, Michael See Simple Minds

Maillard, Carol See Sweet Honey in the Rock

Maloney, Pete See Dishwalla Also see Tonic

MacNeil, Rita 29 MacNeil, Sheumas See Barra MacNeils, The MacNeil, Stewart

Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mandel, Harvey See Canned Heat Mandel, Johnny 28 Mandell, Eleni 63 Mandrell, Barbara 61 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Maness, J. D. See Desert Rose Band, The Maness, Jack See Long Beach Dub All Stars Mangione, Chuck 23 Mangum, Jeff See Neutral Milk Hotel Manhattan Transfer, The 42 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Manic Street Preachers 27 Manilow, Barry 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mankey, Jim See Concrete Blonde Mann, Aimee 56 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Mann, Barry 30 Mann, Billy 23 Mann, Bob See Mountain Mann, Herbie 16 Mannheim Steamroller See Chip Davis Manning, Chris See Jellyfish Manning, Roger See Jellyfish Manninger, Hank See Aqua Velvets Mannings, Leo See Savoy Brown Manny, Nate See Murder City Devils Manson, John See Swan Silvertones, The Manson, Marilyn See Marilyn Manson Manson, Shirley See Garbage Mansun 30 Manuel, Richard See Band, The Many, Trey See His Name Is Alive Manzanera, Phil See Roxy Music Manzarek, Ray See Doors, The Mapfumo, Thomas 39 Marazzi, Paul See A1 Marc 7 See Jurassic 5

Mamas and the Papas 21

March, Kevin See Shudder to Think

Maimone, Tony See Pere Ubu

Mami, Cheb 36

Marcy Playground 31

Man or Astroman? 21

Maines, Natalie See Dixie Chicks

Maná 37

Marhevka, Glenn See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy

Mancini, Henry 20

Maric´, Ljubica 48

304 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Marie, Buffy Sainte See Sainte-Marie, Buffy Marienthal, Eric See Rippingtons Marilyn Manson 44 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Marin, Carlos See Il Divo Marin, Wendy See Christafari Marina, Anya 66 Marine, Mitch See Brave Combo Marine, Mitch See Tripping Daisy Marini, Lou, Jr. See Blood, Sweat and Tears Marinos, Jimmy See Romantics, The Mario 55 Marker, Steve See Garbage Markovic, Boban See Boban Markovic Orkestar Markovic, Marko See Boban Markovic Orkestar Marks, Toby See De Gaia, Banco Marley, Bob 3 Marley, Damian 39 Marley, Rita 10 Marley, Ziggy 47 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Marnie, Helen See Ladytron Marnik, Matthew See Hot Hot Heat Maroon, Paul See Walkmen, The Maroon 5 54 Marquez, Carlos See Aterciopelados Marquis, Del See Scissor Sisters Marr, Johnny See Modest Mouse Marr, Johnny See Smiths, The Also see The The Marriner, Neville 7 Marriott, Steve See Humble Pie Mars, Chris See Golden Smog Mars, Chris See Replacements, The Mars, Derron See Less Than Jake

Marsalis, Jason See Los Hombres Calientes Marsalis, Wynton 20 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Marsh, Ian Craig See Human League, The Marsh, Randy See Northwoods Improvisers Marshal, Cornel See Third World Marshall, Amanda 27 Marshall, Arik See Red Hot Chili Peppers Marshall, Brian See Alter Bridge Marshall, Brian See Creed Marshall, Chan See Cat Power Marshall, David Alan See Chanticleer Marshall, Jeff See Clem Snide Marshall, Jenell See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Marshall, Jeremy See Cold Marshall, John See Soft Machine Marshall, Steve See Gene Loves Jezebel Marshall Tucker Band 43 Mars Volta, The 55 Martensen, Vic See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Martha and the Vandellas 25 Martin, Barbara See Supremes, The Martin, Bardi See Candlebox Martin, Barrett See Screaming Trees Martin, Billy See Good Charlotte Martin, Carl See Shai Martin, Christopher See Kid ’n Play Martin, Chris See Coldplay

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Martin, Dean 1

Martin, Jeff See Tea Party Martin, Jimmy 5 Also see Osborne Brothers, The Martin, Jim See Faith No More Martin, Johnney See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Martin, Jordan See Great White Martin, Kevin See Candlebox Martin, Luci See Chic Martin, Mary 27 Martin, Phonso See Steel Pulse Martin, Ricky 26 Martin, Ronnie See Joy Electric Martin, Sarah See Belle and Sebastian Martin, Sennie See Kool & the Gang Martin, Skip See Dazz Band Martin, Toby See Youth Group Martin, Tony See Black Sabbath Martinez, Angie 43 Martinez, Anthony See Black Flag Martinez, Christina See Boss Hog Martinez, Cliff See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Martinez, Cruz See Kumbia Kings Martinez, Jose See Banda el Recodo Martinez, Robert See ? and the Mysterians Martinez, S. A. See 311 Martini, Jerry See Sly & the Family Stone Martino, Pat 17 Martsch, Doug See Built to Spill Martyn, John 43

Martin, Dewey See Buffalo Springfield

Marvin, Hank B. See Shadows, The

Martin, Eric See Mr. Big

Marx, Richard 21 Earlier sketch in CM 3

Martin, Eric See Supersuckers

Mary Mary 39

Maseo See De La Soul Masi, Nick See Four Seasons, The Mason, Bob See Fugs, The Mason, Dave See Fleetwood Mac Also see Traffic Mason, Harvey See Fourplay Mason, Nick See Pink Floyd Mason, Stephen See Beta Band, The Mason, Steve See Jars of Clay Mason, Terry See Joy Division Mason, Willy 62 Masse, Laurel See Manhattan Transfer, The Massey, Bobby See O’Jays, The Massey, Graham See 808 State Massi, Nick See Four Seasons, The Massive Attack 17 Mast, Evan See Ratatat Masta Ace 40 Mastelotto, Pat See King Crimson Master D See Asian Dub Foundation Master Gee See Sugarhill Gang Master P 22 Masur, Kurt 11 Matchbox 20 27 Material See Laswell, Bill Mates of State 66 Matheson, David See Moxy Früvous Mathias, Nathaniel “Jerry” See Toots and the Maytals Mathis, Johnny 2 Mathosa, Lebo 61 Mathus, Jim See Squirrel Nut Zippers Matisyahu 59 Matlock, Glen See Sex Pistols, The Matronic, Ana See Scissor Sisters

Mascagni, Pietro 25

Matsui, Keiko 35

Mars, Mick See Mötley Crüe

Martin, Felix See Hot Chip

Mascherino, Fred See Taking Back Sunday

Matsuzaki, Satomi See Deerhoof

Mars, Ruby See Rocket from the Crypt

Martin, George 6

Mascis, J See Dinosaur Jr.

Mattacks, Dave See Fairport Convention

Masdea, Jim See Boston

Mattea, Kathy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 5

Mase 27

Matterson, J. B. See Dixie Hummingbirds, The

Mars, Thomas See Phoenix Marsalis, Branford 10 Marsalis, Ellis 13

Martin, Greg See Kentucky Headhunters, The Martin, Janis 59 Martin, Jason See Starflyer 59

Masekela, Hugh 7

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Matthew Good Band 34 Matthews, Cerys See Catatonia Matthews, Chris See Shudder to Think Matthews, Dave See Dave Matthews Band Matthews, Donna Lorraine See Elastica Matthews, Eric 22 Matthews, Ian See Fairport Convention Matthews, Monty See Jordanaires, The Matthews, Patrick See Vines, The Matthews, Patrick See Youth Group Matthews, Quinn See Butthole Surfers Matthews, Scott See Butthole Surfers Matthews, Simon See Jesus Jones Matthews, Winston “Pipe” See Wailing Souls Matthews Jr., Bill See Jordanaires, The Matthews Jr., Neal See Jordanaires, The Mattila, Karita 48 Mattock, Jon See Spacemen 3 Also see Spiritualized Matz, Peter 43 Maunick, Bluey See Incognito Maurer, Gary See Hem Maurer, John See Social Distortion Mauriat, Paul 60 Mavericks, The 15 Maxi Jazz See Faithless Maxwell 22 Maxwell, Charmayne See Brownstone Maxwell, Nathen See Flogging Molly Maxwell, Russ See Molly Hatchet Maxwell, Tom See Squirrel Nut Zippers May, Brian See Nields, The May, Brian See Queen

Mayfield, Irvin See Los Hombres Calientes Mayock, Emer See Afro Celt Sound System Mays, Odeen, Jr. See Kool & the Gang Mazelle, Kym See Soul II Soul Mazibuko, Abednego See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Mazibuko, Albert See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Mazur, Epic See Crazy Town Mazzalai, Christian See Phoenix Mazzola, Joey See Sponge Mazzy Star 17 Mboup, Assane See Orchestra Baobab Mboup, Laye See Orchestra Baobab MC Breed 17 MC Clever See Digital Underground MC Eiht 27 MC Eric See Technotronic M.C. Hammer See Hammer, M.C. MC Lyte 8 MC 900 Ft. Jesus 16 M.C. Ren See N.W.A. MC Serch 10 MCA See Yauch, Adam McAdorey, Michelle See Crash Vegas McAlister, James See Pedro the Lion McAllister, Laurie See Runaways, The McAloon, Martin See Prefab Sprout McAloon, Paddy See Prefab Sprout McArthur, Keith See Spearhead McAuley, Mick See Solas McAuley, Robin See Survivor McBay, Clint See Chainsaw Kittens, The McBoutie, Rip See Lane, Fred

May, Derrick 51

McBrain, Nicko See Iron Maiden

May, Phil See Pretty Things, The Mayall, John 7 Mayer, John 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Mayfield, Curtis 8 Also see Impressions, The

McBrayer, Jody See Avalon McBride, Christian 17 McBride, Martina 52 Earlier sketch in CM 14 McBride, Michael

Cumulative Musicians Index • 305

See Raspberries McCabe, Nick See Verve, The McCabe, Zia See Dandy Warhols McCain, Edwin 35 McCall, Renee See Sounds of Blackness McCall, Sam See Slobberbone McCall, Scott See Two Dollar Pistols McCandless, Paul See Oregon McCandless, Sam See Cold McCann, Lila 26 McCann, Séan See Great Big Sea McCarl, Scott See Raspberries McCarrick, Martin See Siouxsie and the Banshees McCarroll, Tony See Oasis McCarthy, Gavin See Karate McCarthy, Nick See Franz Ferdinand McCarthy, Stephen See Jayhawks, The McCartney, Jesse 60 McCartney, Paul 58 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Beatles, The McCarty, Jim See Yardbirds, The McCary, Michael S. See Boyz II Men McCaslin, Jason “Core” See Sum 41 McCaughan, Mac See Superchunk McCaughey, Scott 31 McCaughey, Scott See Minus 5, The McClain, Dave See Machine Head

McCombs, Doug See Tortoise McConnell, Jordan See Duhks, The McConnell, Page See Phish McConnell, Page See Phish McCoo, Marilyn 62 McCoo, Marilyn See Fifth Dimension McCook, Jack See Superchunk McCook, Tommy See Skatalites, The McCorkle, George See Marshall Tucker Band McCorkle, Susannah 27 McCormack, Phil See Molly Hatchet McCormick, Gary See Exploited, The McCoury, Del 15 McCowin, Michael See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The McCoy, Neal 15 McCoy, Travis See Gym Class Heroes McCoys, The 49 McCracken, Chet See Doobie Brothers, The McCrary, Sam See Fairfield Four McCray, Lane See La Bouche McCrea, John See Cake McCready, Mike See Pearl Jam McCready, Mindy 22 McCreeth, Andy See Blue Aeroplanes, The McCullagh, John See Divine Comedy, The McCulloch, Andrew See King Crimson

McClary, Thomas See Commodores, The

McCullough, Danny See Animals, The

McClelland, Mark See Snow Patrol

McCurdy, Xan See Cake

McClennan, Tommy 25

McCusker, John See Battlefield Band, The

McClinton, Delbert 14 McCloud, Scott See Girls Against Boys McClurkin, Donnie 52 Earlier sketch in CM 35 McCluskey, Andy See Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark

McCulloch, Ian 23 Also see Echo and the Bunnymen

McCutcheon, Ian See Mojave 3 Also see Slowdive McD, Jimmy See Jimmie’s Chicken Shack McDaniel, Chris See Confederate Railroad

McColgan, Mike See Dropkick Murphys

McDaniels, Darryl “D” See Run DMC

McCollum, Rick See Afghan Whigs

McDermott, Brian See Del Amitri

306 • Cumulative Musicians Index

McDermott, John See Irish Tenors, The McDonald, Audra 36 McDonald, “Country Joe” See Country Joe and the Fish McDonald, Gene See Florida Boys, The McDonald, Hugh See Bon Jovi McDonald, Ian See Foreigner Also see King Crimson McDonald, Jeff See Redd Kross McDonald, Lloyd “Bread” See Wailing Souls McDonald, Michael 59 McDonald, Michael See Doobie Brothers, The McDonald, Richie See Lonestar McDonald, Steven See Redd Kross McDorman, Joe See Statler Brothers, The McDougall, Don See Guess Who McDowell, Hugh See Electric Light Orchestra McDowell, Mississippi Fred 16 McDowell, Smilin’ Jay See BR5-49 McDuffie, Chris See Apples in Stereo McElhaney, Kevin See Chainsaw Kittens, The McElhone, John See Texas McElroy, Sollie See Flamingos, The McElroy, Thomas See Club Nouveau McEntire, John See Sea and Cake, The McEntire, John See Tortoise McEntire, Reba 38 Earlier sketch in CM 11 McErlaine, Ally See Texas McEuen, John See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The McFadden, Bryan See Westlife McFarlane, Elaine See Mamas and the Papas McFee, John See Doobie Brothers, The McFerrin, Bobby 3 McFessel, Sean See Cake MC5, The 9 McGarrigle, Kate and Anna 35 McGearly, James See Christian Death McGee, Brian

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Simple Minds McGee, Jerry See Ventures, The McGeoch, John See Siouxsie and the Banshees McGerr, Jason See Death Cab for Cutie McGill, Lucius See Dells, The McGill, Michael See Dells, The McGinley, Matt See Gym Class Heroes McGinley, Raymond See Swizz Beatz McGinley, Raymond See Teenage Fanclub McGinniss, Will See Audio Adrenaline McGough , Danny See Shivaree McGrath, Mark See Sugar Ray McGrath, Sean See Saves the Day McGraw, Tim 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 McGriff, Jimmy 66 McGuigan, Paul See Oasis McGuinn, Jim See McGuinn, Roger McGuinn, Roger 35 Also see Byrds, The McGuinness See Lords of Acid McGuire, Andy See Spoon McGuire, Barry 45 McGuire, Christine See McGuire Sisters, The McGuire, Dorothy See McGuire Sisters, The McGuire, Mike See Shenandoah McGuire, Phyllis See McGuire Sisters, The McGuire Sisters, The 27 McIlrath, Tim See Rise Against McIntosh, Robbie See Average White Band McIntosh, Robbie See Pretenders, The McIntyre, Jim See Apples in Stereo

McKay, Al See Earth, Wind and Fire McKay, John See Siouxsie and the Banshees McKay, Nellie 61 McKean, Michael See Spinal Tap McKee, Julius See Dirty Dozen Brass Band McKee, Maria 11 McKeehan, Toby See dc Talk McKenna, Greg See Letters to Cleo McKenna, Lori 54 McKennitt, Loreena 24 McKenzie, Christina “Licorice” See Incredible String Band McKenzie, Derrick See Jamiroquai McKenzie, Scott See Mamas and the Papas McKeown, Erin 57 McKernan, Ron “Pigpen” See Grateful Dead, The McKinney, Andy See Molly Hatchet McKinney, William See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers McKinney’s Cotton Pickers 16 McKinnon, Clinton See Mr. Bungle McKnight, Brian 22 McKnight III, Claude V. See Take 6 McLachlan, Sarah 62 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 McLagan, Ian See Faces, The McLaren, Malcolm 23 McLaughlin, David See Lynn Morris Band McLaughlin, John 12 Also see Mahavishnu Orchestra McLean, A. J. See Backstreet Boys McLean, Dave 24 McLean, Don 7 McLean, Jackie 41 McLean, John See Beta Band, The McLean, Jordan See Antibalas McLemore, Lamonte See Fifth Dimension

McIntyre, Joey 34 Also see New Kids on the Block

McLennan, Grant 21 Also see Go-Betweens, The

McMeel, Mickey See Three Dog Night McMicken, Scott See Dr. Dog McMurray, Rick See Ash McMurtry, James 10 McNabb, Sean See Great White McNabb, Travis See Better Than Ezra McNabb, Travis See Vigilantes of Love McNair, Sylvia 15 McNally, James See Afro Celt Sound System McNally, Joe See Voodoo Glow Skulls McNally, John See Searchers, The McNally, Ste See BBMak McNeely, Big Jay 37 McNeill, Brian See Battlefield Band, The McNeill, Campbell See Aereogramme McNeilly, Mac See Jesus Lizard McNew, James See Yo La Tengo McPartland, Marian 51 Earlier sketch in CM 15 McPhatter, Clyde 25 Also see Drifters, The McPherson, Graham “Suggs” See Madness McPherson, Scott See Sense Field McPherson, Todd See Kingsmen, The McQuater, Matthew See Clovers, The McQuillar, Shawn See Kool & the Gang McRae, Carmen 9 McReynolds, Jesse See McReynolds, Jim and Jesse McReynolds, Jim and Jesse 12 McReynolds, Jim See McReynolds, Jim and Jesse McRobbie, Stephen See Pastels, The McShane, Bill See Ultimate Fakebook McShane, Ronnie See Chieftains, The McShann, Jay 41

McIntyre, Owen “Onnie” See Average White Band

McLeod, Rory See Roomful of Blues

McShee, Jacqui See Pentangle

McJohn, Goldy See Steppenwolf

McLoughlin, Jon See Del Amitri

McSpadden, Gary See Imperials, The

McKagan, Duff See Guns n’ Roses

McMackin, Bryon See Pennywise

McTaggert, Ed See Daniel Amos

McKahey, Liam See Cousteau

McMahan, Brian See Slint

McTell, Blind Willie 17 McVie, Christine 53

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Also see Fleetwood Mac McVie, John See Fleetwood Mac McVinnie, Duke See Shivaree McWhinney, James See Big Mountain McWhinney, Joaquin See Big Mountain Mdletshe, Geophrey See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Mead, Chuck See BR5-49 Meade, Tyson See Chainsaw Kittens, The Meadham, Steve See Los Lonely Boys Meagher, Ron See Beau Brummels Meat Loaf 12 Meat Puppets, The 13 Medeles, Jose See Breeders Medeski, John See Medeski, Martin & Wood Medeski, Martin & Wood 32 Mediaeval Baebes 47 Medley, Bill 3 Medlock, James See Soul Stirrers, The Meehan, Tony See Shadows, The Meek, Joe 46 Meeks, Travis See Days of the New Megadeth 9 Mehldau, Brad 27 Mehta, Zubin 11 Meid, Lothar See Amon Duul II Meifert, Arnulf See Faust Meine, Klaus See Scorpions, The Meisner, Randy See Eagles, The Mekons, The 15 Melanie 12 Melax, Einar See Sugarcubes, The Melcher, Terry 53 Melchiondo, Mickey See Ween Melillo, Dave See Cute Is What We Aim For

Mellino, Stéfane See Les Négresses Vertes Meloy, Colin See Decemberists, The Melton, Barry See Country Joe and the Fish Melvin, Eric See NOFX Melvins 46 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Melvoin, Jonathan See Smashing Pumpkins Memphis Jug Band 25 Memphis Minnie 25 Men at Work 34 Menck, Ric See Velvet Crush Mendel, Nate See Foo Fighters Also see Sunny Day Real Estate Mendes, Sergio 65 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Mendoza, Lydia 56 Mendoza, Mark See Twisted Sister Mengede, Peter See Helmet Menken, Alan 10 Menotti, Gian Carlo 37 Mentzer, Ethan See Click Five, The Menuhin, Yehudi 11 Menz, Junior See Paragons, The Menza, Nick See Megadeth Mercado, Scott See Candlebox Mercer, James See Shins, The Mercer, Jerry See April Wine Mercer, Johnny 13 Merchant, Jimmy See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers Merchant, Natalie 25 Also see 10,000 Maniacs Mercier, Peadar See Chieftains, The Mercurio, Robert See Galactic Mercury, Freddie See Queen Mercury Rev 28

Melin, Eric See Ultimate Fakebook

MercyMe 56

Mellencamp, John 65 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see John Cougar Mellencamp

Merrick, Bryn See Damned, The

Mellinger, Anne See Beulah Mellino, Iza See Les Négresses Vertes

Merman, Ethel 27

Merrill, Robbie See Godsmack

Cumulative Musicians Index • 307

Merritt, Tift 52 Mertens, Paul See Poi Dog Pondering Merzbow 31 Mesaros, Michael See Smithereens, The Messe, Dan See Hem Messecar, Dek See Caravan Messina, Jim See Buffalo Springfield Messina, Jo Dee 64 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Messina, Joe See Funk Brothers Metallica 66 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Meteors, The 61 Meters, The 53 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Methembu, Russel See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Metheny, Pat 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Method Man 31 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Mettler, Darren See O.C. Supertones, The Metzger, Mark See Chainsaw Kittens, The Mew, Sharon See Elastica Meyer, Edgar 40 Meyer, Eric See Charm Farm Meyers, Augie See Texas Tornados, The MF Doom 54 Mhaonaigh, Mairead Ni See Altan Mhire, Jeremy See Plus One M.I.A. 63 Michael, George 49 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Michael, Tom See SonicFlood Michaels, Bret See Poison Michaels, Dan See Adam Again Michalka, Alyson See Aly & AJ Michalka, Amanda See Aly & AJ Michel, Luke See Emmet Swimming

Mickens, Robert See Kool & the Gang Middlebrook, Ralph “Pee Wee” See Ohio Players Middleton, Darren See Powderfinger Middleton, Malcolm See Arab Strap Middleton, Mark See Blackstreet Midler, Bette 50 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Midnight Oil 11 Midon, Raul 57 Midori 7 Mighty Mighty Bosstones 20 Mighty Clouds of Joy, The 17 Mihm, Danny See Flamin’ Groovies Mike D See Diamond, Michael Mike & the Mechanics 17 Mikens, Dennis See Smithereens, The Mikens, Robert See Kool & the Gang Milan, Amy See Broken Social Scene Milchem, Glenn See Beck Milchem, Glenn See Blue Rodeo Miles, Chris See Northern Lights Miles, David See ESG Miles, Richard See Soul Stirrers, The Miles, Ron 22 Milian, Christina 53 Millar, Deborah See Massive Attack Millard, Bart See MercyMe Miller, Buddy 31 Miller, Charles See War Miller, Dan See O-Town Miller, David See Asleep at the Wheel Miller, David See Il Divo Miller, Frankie 59 Miller, Glenn 6 Miller, Jacob “Killer” See Inner Circle Miller, Jerry See Moby Grape Miller, Julie 55

Michel, Prakazrel “Pras” See Fugees, The

Miller, Keith See Elms, The

Merritt, Cari Lee 50

Michele, Riki See Adam Again

Miller, Kevin See Fuel

Merritt, Stephin See Magnetic Fields, The

Michiles, Malcolm See Citizen King

Miller, Marcus 64 Earlier sketch in CM 38

Merritt, Brad See 54-40

308 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Miller, Mark See Sawyer Brown Miller, Mitch 11 Miller, Rhett See Old 97’s Miller, Rhett See Old 97’s Miller, Rice See Williamson, Sonny Boy Miller, Rick See Southern Culture on the Skids Miller, Robert See Supertramp Miller, Roger 4 Miller, Roger See Alloy Orchestra Miller, Roger See Mission of Burma Miller, Ryan See Guster Miller, Scott See Loud Family, The Miller, Steve 2 Miller, Zach See Dr. Dog Milli Vanilli 4 Milliken, Catherine See Ensemble Modern Mills, Bryan See Divine Comedy, The Mills, Crispian See Kula Shaker Mills, Donald See Mills Brothers, The Mills, Fred See Canadian Brass, The Mills, Harry See Mills Brothers, The Mills, Herbert See Mills Brothers, The Mills, John, Jr. See Mills Brothers, The Mills, John, Sr. See Mills Brothers, The Mills, Mike See R.E.M. Mills, Sidney See Steel Pulse Mills, Stephanie 21 Mills Brothers, The 14 Milo, Nick See Tower of Power

Minogue, Kylie 32 Minott, Sugar 31 Mint Condition 29 Minton, Phil 29 Minty 32 Minus 5, The 51 Minutemen, The 31 Mirabal, Robert 45 Miranda, Freddi See El Gran Combo Misfits, The 32 Miskulin, Joey “The Cowpolka King” See Riders in the Sky Miss Kier Kirby See Lady Miss Kier Missing Persons 39 Mission of Burma 51 Mister Rogers See Rogers, Fred Mistry, Jagdish See Ensemble Modern Mitchell, Alex See Curve Mitchell, Billy See Clovers, The Mitchell, Bruce See Durutti Column, The Mitchell, Burt See Ceili Rain Mitchell, Dryden See Alien Ant Farm Mitchell, Elizabeth See Ida Mitchell, John See Asleep at the Wheel Mitchell, Joni 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Mitchell, Katrina See Pastels, The Mitchell, Keith See Mazzy Star Mitchell, Mike See Kingsmen, The Mitchell, Mitch See Guided By Voices

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Mittoo, Jackie See Skatalites, The

Moby Grape 12 Mochiach, Rea See Gogol Bordello Modeliste, Joseph “Zigaboo” See Meters, The Modest Mouse 60 Earlier sketch in CM 30 moe. 34 Moerlen, Pierre See Gong Moffat, Aidan See Arab Strap Moffatt, Gary See .38 Special Moffatt, Katy 46 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Moffo, Anna 59 Moginie, Jim See Midnight Oil Mogwai 27 Mohan, John See Felt Mohr, Avion See Christafari Mohr, Mark See Christafari Mohr, Todd See Big Head Todd and the Monsters Mojave 3 26 Molina, Juana 53 Molino, Vincent See Radio Tarifa Molko, Brian See Placebo Molla, Chris See Monks of Doom Molland, Joey See Badfinger Molloy, Matt See Chieftains, The Molly Hatchet 37 Moloko 37 Moloney, Paddy See Chieftains, The Molotov 47 Momus 47 Monaghan, Andy See Frightened Rabbit Monahan, Pat See Train

Mize, Ben See Counting Crows

Monahan, Thom See Pernice Brothers

Milone, Dave See Radio 4

Mizell, Jay “Jam Master Jay” See Run DMC

Monarch, Michael See Steppenwolf

Milsap, Ronnie 2

Mizrahi, Sylvain See New York Dolls, The

Monasterio, Juan See Brainiac

Mo’, Keb’ 52 Earlier sketch in CM 21

Monch, Pharoahe 29

Minekawa, Takako 53 Mingis, Chuck See Days of the New

Moakes, Gordon See Bloc Party

Mingus, Charles 9

Moberley, Gary See Sweet

Milton, Doctor See Alien Sex Fiend

Ministry 10 Minnelli, Liza 19 Minns, Danielle See Minty

Mitchell, Roscoe See Art Ensemble of Chicago, The

Moby 64 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 17

M-1 See Dead Prez

See Huun-Huur-Tu Monheit, Jane 33 Monica 60 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Monifah 24 Monk, Meredith 57 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Monk, Thelonious 6 Monkees, The 7 Monks of Doom 28 Monro, Diane See String Trio of New York Monroe, Bill 1 Monster, Drunkness See Len Monster Magnet 39 Montana, Country Dick See Beat Farmers Montana, Patsy 38 Montana, Tony See Great White Montand, Yves 12 Monte, Marisa 38 Montenegro, Hugo 18 Montenegro, Pilar 52 Montes, George See Son by Four Montes, Javier See Son by Four Montgomery, Eddie See Montgomery Gentry Montgomery, John Michael 14 Montgomery, Ken “Dimwit” See D.O.A. Montgomery, Little Brother 26 Montgomery, Wes 3 Montgomery Gentry 34 Monti, Steve See Curve Montoya, Carlos See Banda el Recodo Montoya, Craig See Everclear Montrose, Ronnie 22 Montroy, Roy See Resurrection Band Montsalvatge, Xavier 39 Moody, Ben See Evanescence Moody, James 34 Moody, Spencer See Murder City Devils Moody Blues, The 18 Moog, Robert A. 46 Moon, Doug See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Moon, Keith See Who, The Moondog 55

Money, Bob See Jordanaires, The

Mooney, Malcolm See Can

Money, Eddie 16

Mooney, Michael See Spiritualized

Money B See Digital Underground Mongush, Andrey

Mooney, Tim See American Music Club

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Moonglows, The 33 Moor, Davey Ray See Cousteau Moore, Alan See Judas Priest Moore, Angelo See Fishbone Moore, Archie See Velocity Girl Moore, Chante 21 Moore, Geoff 43 Moore, Glen See Oregon Moore, Johnny “Dizzy” See Skatalites, The Moore, Johnny See Drifters, The Moore, Josh See Caedmon’s Call

Morales, Angela See Na Leo

Also see Rage Against the Machine Morén, Peter See Peter Bjorn and John Moreno, Chino See Deftones Moreno, Jorge 54 Moreno-Primeau, Soni See Ulali Moretti, Fabrizio See Strokes, The Moreve, Rushton See Steppenwolf Morgan, Brad See Drive-By Truckers Morgan, Cindy 36 Morgan, Craig 61 Morgan, Frank 9 Morgan, Jane 30 Morgan, John Russell See Steppenwolf Morgan, Lorrie 41 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Morgan, Scott See Destroyer Morgenstein, Rod See Dixie Dregs Morginsky, Matt See O.C. Supertones, The Mori, Ikue 55 Morisey, Dick See Soft Machine Morissette, Alanis 64 Earlier sketch in CM 39 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Mørk, Truls 38 Morley, Pat See Soul Asylum Moro 38 Moroder, Giorgio 63 Moron, Monty Oxy See Damned, The Morphine 29 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Morricone, Ennio 53 Earlier sketch in CM 15

Morales, Armond See Imperials, The

Morris, Keith See Circle Jerks, The

Morales, Mark See Fat Boys, The

Morris, Kenny See Siouxsie and the Banshees

Morales, Richie See Spyro Gyra

Morris, Lynn See Lynn Morris Band

Morales, Rudy See Rumba Club

Morris, Nate See Boyz II Men

Moran, Jason 44

Morris, Paul See Rainbow

Moore, Kevin See Dream Theater Moore, LeRoi See Dave Matthews Band Moore, Lisa See Bang on a Can All-Stars Moore, Mandy 35 Moore, Melba 7 Moore, Russell See IIIrd Tyme Out Moore, Sam See Sam and Dave Moore, Sean See Manic Street Preachers Moore, Stanton See Galactic Moore, Thurston See Sonic Youth Moore, Undine Smith 40 Moorer, Allison 64 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Moorse, Kiki See Chicks on Speed M.O.P. 34

Morand, Grace See Chenille Sisters, The Moraz, Patrick See Moody Blues, The Also see Yes Morcheeba 25

Morris, Roger See Psychedelic Furs Morris, Scotty See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy

Moreira, Airto 44 Also see Weather Report

Morris, Stephen See Joy Division Also see New Order Also see Pogues, The

Morello, Tom See Audioslave

Morris, Wanya See Boyz II Men

Moré, Beny 57

Cumulative Musicians Index • 309

Morrison, Bram See Sharon, Lois & Bram Morrison, Claude See Nylons, The Morrison, Jim 3 Also see Doors, The Morrison, Lindy See Go-Betweens, The Morrison, Patricia See Damned, The Morrison, Sterling See Velvet Underground, The Morrison, Travis See Dismemberment Plan Morrison, Van 24 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Morriss, Mark James See Bluetones, The Morriss, Reginald Ilanthriy See Bluetones, The Morrissett, Paul See Klezmatics, The Morrissey 50 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Smiths, The Morrissey, Bill 12 Morrissey, Steven Patrick See Morrissey Morrow, Stuart See New Model Army Morse, Steve See Dixie Dregs Morton, Everett See English Beat, The Morton, Jelly Roll 7 Morvan, Fab See Milli Vanilli Mos Def 41 Mosbaugh, Garth See Nylons, The Moscheo, Joe See Imperials, The Moseley, Keith See String Cheese Incident, The Mosely, Chuck See Faith No More Mosely, Pete See Yellowcard Moser, Scott “Cactus” See Ceili Rain Also see Highway 101 Mosher, Ken See Squirrel Nut Zippers Mosley, Bob See Moby Grape Moss, Ian See Cold Chisel Moss, Jason See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies

See Kills, The Most, Mickie 29 Mothersbaugh, Bob See Devo Mothersbaugh, Mark See Devo Motörhead 10 Mott the Hoople 31 Motta, Danny See Roomful of Blues Mottola, Tommy 36 Mould, Bob 57 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Hüsker Dü Moulding, Colin See XTC Mounfield, Gary See Stone Roses, The Mounir, Mohamed 48 Mountain 30 Mountain Goats, The 51 Mouquet, Eric See Deep Forest Mouse On Mars 32 Mouskouri, Nana 12 Mouzon, Alphonse See Weather Report Moves, DJ See Len Movshon, Nick See Antibalas Mowatt, Judy 46 Moxy Früvous 45 Moye, Famoudou Don See Art Ensemble of Chicago, The Moyet, Alison 65 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Moyse, David See Air Supply Mozetich, Marjan 55 Mr. Big 65 Mr. Bungle 58 Mr. Dalvin See Jodeci Mr. Greenweedz See Liquid Soul Mraz, Jason 52 Mr. T Experience, The 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Mthembu, Russel See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Mötley Crüe 35 Mtukudzi, Oliver 57 M2M 42 Mudhoney 65 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Mudvayne 42

Moss, John See Culture Club

Mueller, Karl See Soul Asylum

Moss, Jon See Damned, The

Muhammad, Idris 40

Moss, Ronn See Player

Muir, Jamie See King Crimson

Mosshart, Alison

Muir, Mike

Mui, Anita 48

310 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Suicidal Tendencies Muldaur, Maria 18 Mulholland, Dave See Aztec Camera Mullen, Larry, Jr. See U2 Mullen, Mary See Congo Norvell Mullen, Nicole C. 44 Mullen, Paul See Automatic, The Muller, Dean See Cosmic Psychos Mulligan, Declan See Beau Brummels Mulligan, Gerry 16 Mullins, Rich 35 Mullins, Shawn 33 Mulreany, Paul See Blue Aeroplanes, The Mulvanerty, Joseph See Black 47 Mulvey, Peter 59 Múm 50 Muncey, Cameron See Jet Mundell, Wyndorf See Monster Magnet Munson, John See Semisonic Murcia, Billy See New York Dolls Murder City Devils 42 Murdoch, Stuart See Belle and Sebastian Murdock, Roger See King Missile Muriel, Xavier See Buckcherry Murph See Dinosaur Jr. Murphey, Michael Martin 9 Murphy, Brigid See Poi Dog Pondering Murphy, Chris See Sloan Murphy, Dan See Golden Smog Murphy, Dan See Soul Asylum Murphy, James See LCD Soundsystem Murphy, Jesse See Brazilian Girls Murphy, John See Gene Loves Jezebel Murphy, Michael See REO Speedwagon

See Earlimart Murray, Dave See Iron Maiden Murray, Dave 28 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Also see World Saxophone Quartet Murray, Dee See Spencer Davis Group Murray, Don See Turtles, The Murray, Jim See Imperials, The Murray, Jim See Quicksilver Messenger Service Murray, Randy See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Murray-Leslie, Alex See Chicks on Speed Musburger, Mike See Fastbacks, The Musburger, Mike See Supersuckers Muse 40 Mushok, Mike See Staind Mushroom See Massive Attack Music Revelation Ensemble 43 Musiq 63 Earlier sketch in CM 40 Musiq Soulchild See Musiq Musselwhite, Charlie 13 Mustaine, Dave See Megadeth Also see Metallica Mutchler, Billy See Samples Muti, Riccardo 56 Mutter, Anne-Sophie 23 Mwelase, Jabulane See Ladysmith Black Mambazo MxPx 33 My Bloody Valentine 29 My Chemical Romance 56 My Morning Jacket 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Mya 32 Mydland, Brent See Grateful Dead, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Myung, John See Dream Theater ’N Sync 25 Na Leo 38 Nada Surf 57 Na’dirah See Arrested Development Naess, Leona 46 Naftalin, Mark See Quicksilver Messenger Service Nagler, Eric 8 Najee 21 Najma 39 Nakai, R. Carlos 24 Nakamura, Dan “The Automator” See Gorillaz Nakamura, Tetsuya “Tex” See War Nakatami, Michie See Shonen Knife Naked, Bif 29 Naked, Dave See Screeching Weasel Nana See Rasputina Nancarrow, Conlon 56 Earlier sketch in CM 32 Also see AMM Nance, Todd See Widespread Panic Nando See Kumbia Kings Nanji, Mato See Indigenous Napolitano, Johnette See Concrete Blonde Nappy Roots 46 Narcizo, David See Throwing Muses Nas 49 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Nascimento, Milton 6 Nash, Graham See Crosby, Stills, and Nash Also see Hollies, The Nash, Leigh See Sixpence None the Richer Nash, Mark See PFR Nash, Nasher See Frankie Goes To Hollywood

Also see Red Hot Chili Peppers Navarro Fats 25 Nawasadio, Sylvie See Zap Mama Nazworthy, Dave See Down By Law N.D. See Rocket from the Crypt Ndegéocello, Me’Shell 18 N’Diaye, Baro See Orchestra Baobab N’Diaye, Charlie See Orchestra Baobab N’Dour, Youssou 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Also see Orchestra Baobab Ndugu See Weather Report Neal, Karen See His Name Is Alive Near, Holly 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Needham, Margie See Chordettes, The Neel, Johnny See Allman Brothers, The Negativland 30 Negron, Chuck See Three Dog Night Negroni, Joe See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers

Nashville Bluegrass Band 14

Nelson, Gabe See Cake

Myers, Alan See Devo

Nasta, Ken See Royal Trux

Myers, Kris See Umphrey’s McGee

Nastanovich, Bob See Pavement

Myles, Alannah 4

Naté, Ultra 34

Murphy, Patrick See Gaelic Storm

Myles, John H. See Swan Silvertones, The

Nate Dogg 51

Murphy, Peter 22 Also see Bauhaus

Myrdhin See Afro Celt Sound System

Murphy, Roisin See Moloko Murray, Anne 4 Murray, Ariana

Nehra, Andrew See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Nehra, Michael See Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise Neil, Chris See Less Than Jake Neil, Fred 42 Neil, Vince See Mötley Crüe Nelly 40 Nelson, Brett See Built to Spill Nelson, Brian See Velocity Girl Nelson, David See Last Poets Nelson, Errol “Jay” See Black Uhuru

Nelson, George See Orioles, The Nelson, Keith See Buckcherry

Nathaniel, Tobias See Black Heart Procession

Nelson, Nate See Flamingos, The Also see Platters, The

Mystic Revealers 16

Naughton, Naturi See 3LW

Nelson, Peter See New Model Army

Mystikal 29

Naughty by Nature 11

Nelson, Rick 2

Myton, Cedric See Congos, The

Navarro, David See Jane’s Addiction

Nelson, Sean See Harvey Danger

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Nelson, Shara See Massive Attack Nelson, Willie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Neptunes, The 45 N.E.R.D. 65 Nero, Peter 19 Nershi, Bill See String Cheese Incident, The Nesbitt, John See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Nesby, Ann 57 Nesmith, Mike See Monkees, The Ness, Mike See Social Distortion Netrebko, Anna 49 Netson, Brett See Built to Spill Also see Caustic Resin Nettles, Jennifer See Sugarland Neu! 32 Neudorf, Darryl See 54-40 Neufeld, Paul See NOJO Neufville, Renee See Zhane Neumann, Kurt See BoDeans Neurosis 28 Neutral Milk Hotel 31 Nevarez, Alfred See All-4-One Nevil, Robbie 61 Neville, Aaron 5 Also see Neville Brothers, The Neville, Art See Meters, The Also see Neville Brothers, The Neville, Charles See Neville Brothers, The Neville, Cyril See Meters, The Also see Neville Brothers, The Neville Brothers, The 4 Nevin, Brian See Big Head Todd and the Monsters New Found Glory 50 New Kids on the Block 3

Newbury, Mickey 44

Newman, Carl See New Pornographers, The Newman, Colin See Wire Newman, Randy 27 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Newmann, Kurt See BoDeans, The New Radicals, The 57 Newsboys, The 24 Newsham, Sean See Quickspace Newsom, Joanna 61 Newsom, Tommy 63 Newson, Arlene See Poi Dog Pondering NewSong 56 Newsted, Jason See Flotsam and Jetsam Newsted, Jason See Metallica Newton, Colin See Idlewild Newton, Juice 37 Newton, Paul See Uriah Heep Newton, Wayne 2 Newton-Davis, Billy See Nylons, The Newton-John, Olivia 61 Earlier sketch in CM 8 New York Dolls, The 51 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Ne-Yo 62 Niacin 51 Nibbs, Lloyd See Skatalites, The Niblock, Phill 43 Niccals, Murdoc See Gorillaz Nichol, Al See Turtles, The Nicholas, James Dean “J.D.” See Commodores, The Nicholls, Craig See Vines, The Nicholls, Geoff See Black Sabbath Nichols, Ben See Lucero Nichols, Chad See Lettermen, The Nichols, Eddie See Royal Crown Revue Nichols, Gates See Confederate Railroad Nichols, Joe 49 Nichols, John See Low

Newell, Ryan See Sister Hazel

Nichols, Todd See Toad the Wet Sprocket

Newfield, Heidi See Trick Pony

Nicholson, Andy See Arctic Monkeys

New Grass Revival, The 4

Nickel Creek 40

Newman, Bryan See Saves the Day

Nickelback 36

New Model Army 35 New Order 11 New Pornographers, The 57 New Rhythm and Blues Quartet See NRBQ

Nickerson, Charlie

Cumulative Musicians Index • 311

See Memphis Jug Band Nickrenz, Erika See Eroica Trio Nicks, Stevie 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Fleetwood Mac Nico 47 Also see Velvet Underground, The Nicol, Simon See Fairport Convention Nicolay, Franz See Hold Steady, The Nicolette See Massive Attack Ni Dhomhnaill, Triona See Nightnoise Nields, David See Nields, The Nields, Katryna See Nields, The Nields, Nerissa See Nields, The Nields, The 48 Nielsen, Craig See Flotsam and Jetsam Nielsen, Rick See Cheap Trick Nielsen, Tim See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Nielson, Sherrill See Imperials, The Night, Candice See Rainbow Nightmares on Wax 51 Nightnoise 45 Nijholt, Nico See Willem Breuker Kollektief Nikleva, Steven See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Nile, Willie 31 Niles, Prescott See Knack, The Nilija, Robert See Last Poets Nilsson, Birgit 31 Nilsson, Harry 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Nine Inch Nails 56 Earlier sketch in CM 29 98 Degrees 32 Nino B See Kumbia Kings Nino Tempo & April Stevens 47 Nirvana 8 Nisbett, Steve “Grizzly” See Steel Pulse Nishimoto, Timothy See Musiq Nishino, Kohji See Ghost

Nixon, Mojo 32 No Doubt 42 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Noa 65 Nobacon, Danbert “The Cat” See Chumbawamba Nocentelli, Leo See Meters, The Nockels, Christy See Watermark Nockels, Nathan See Watermark Noecker, Pat See Liars Noel, Patrick See Beulah NOFX 28 Nogueras, Moises See El Gran Combo NOJO 47 Nolan, Bob See Sons of the Pioneers Nolan, Brian See American Hi-Fi Nolan, Jerry See New York Dolls, The Nolan, John See Taking Back Sunday Nolan, Larry See Soft Machine Nomiya, Maki See Pizzicato Five Nono See Les Négresses Vertes Noodle See Gorillaz Noonan, Paul See Bell X1 Noone, Peter “Herman” See Herman’s Hermits Nordby, Bob See Kingsmen, The Nordeman, Nichole 47 Nordlander, Matthias See Komeda Norica, Sugar Ray See Roomful of Blues Normals, The 52 Norman, Bebo 58 Norman, Jessye 7 Norman, Jimmy See Coasters, The Norman, Kyle See Jagged Edge Norman, Larry 42 Norman, Patrick See Rusted Root Norreen, Claus See Aqua Norris, Jean See Zhane North Mississippi Allstars 39

Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The 41 Earlier sketch in CM 6

Northern Lights 19

Nitzberg, Aric See Caedmon’s Call

Northey, Craig See Odds

Northern Pikes, The 60

312 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Northwoods Improvisers 31 Norton, Butch See eels Norton, Greg See Hüsker Dü Norum, John See Dokken Norvell, Sally See Congo Norvell Norvo, Red 12 Notorious B.I.G. 20 Nova, Heather 30 Novarro, Nate See Cobra Starship Novello, John See Niacin Noveskey, Matt See Blue October Novoselic, Chris (Krist) See Nirvana Novotny, Dave See Saliva Nowell, Bradley James See Sublime NRBQ 12 Nuccio, Carlo See Continental Drifters Nugent, Ted 2 Also see Amboy Dukes, The Numan, Gary 47 Nu-Mark See Jurassic 5 Nunez, Joe See Soulfly Nunley, Louis See Jordanaires, The Nunn, Bobby See Coasters, The Nunn, Jamie See Guttermouth Nunn, Terri See Berlin Nutter, Alice See Chumbawamba N.W.A. 6 Nylons, The 6 Nyman, Michael 15 Nyolo, Sally See Zap Mama Nyro, Laura 12 Nystrom, Eddie See Saints, The Nystrøm, Lene Grawford See Aqua Oakenfold, Paul 32 Oakes, Richard See Suede Oakes, Warren See Against Me! Oakey, Philip See Human League, The

Earlier sketch in CM 4 O.A.R. 49 Oasis 41 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Oates, John See Hall & Oates Oban, George “Ras Levi” See Aswad Oberst, Conor See Bright Eyes Obey, Ebenezer 49 O’Brien, Brien See D.O.A. O’Brien, Danny See Brave Combo O’Brien, Darrin Kenneth See Snow O’Brien, Derek See Social Distortion O’Brien, Dwayne See Little Texas O’Brien, Ed See Radiohead O’Brien, Marty See Kilgore O’Brien, Michael See NewSong O’Brien, Tim 39 O’Bryant, Alan See Nashville Bluegrass Band O’Carroll, Sinead See B*Witched Ocasek, Ric 5 Also see Cars, The Occhipinti, Michael See NOJO Ocean, Billy 4 Oceans, Lucky See Asleep at the Wheel Ochowiak, Michel See Les Négresses Vertes Ochs, Larry See Rova Saxophone Quartet Ochs, Phil 7 O’Ciosoig, Colm See My Bloody Valentine O’Connell, Brian See Junoon O’Connell, Chris See Asleep at the Wheel O’Connell, Mark See Taking Back Sunday O’Connell, Maura 60 O’Connell, Robbie See Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The O’Connor, Billy See Blondie O’Connor, Daniel See House of Pain

Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir 26

O’Connor, Mark 1 Also see Dixie Dregs

Oakley, Berry See Allman Brothers, The

O’Connor, P.J. See Radio 4

Oak Ridge Boys, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 7

O’Connor, Sinead 63 Earlier sketch in CM 31

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Earlier sketch in CM 3 O.C. Supertones, The 40 Odadjian, Shavo See System of a Down O’Day, Anita 21 ODB See Ol’ Dirty Bastard Odds 20 O’Dell, Homer See Mint Condition Odetta 7 O’Dhomhnaill, Micheal See Nightnoise Odmark, Matt See Jars of Clay O’Donnell, Roger See Cure, The O’Donovan, Tim See Bell X1 Of Montreal 56 O’Farrill, Chico 31 Offspring 62 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Ofwerman, Clarence See Roxette Ofwerman, Staffan See Roxette Ogawa, Rumi See Ensemble Modern Ogino, Kazuo See Ghost Ogletree, Mike See Simple Minds Ogre, Nivek See Pigface Also see Skinny Puppy O’Hagan, Sean See Stereolab Ohanian, David See Canadian Brass, The O’Hara, Helen See Dexy’s Midnight Runners O’Hara, Mary 47 O’Hare, Brendan See Mogwai Also see Teenage Fanclub O’Hare, Brendan See Swizz Beatz O’Hearn, Patrick 40 Also see Missing Persons Ohio Players 16 Ohno, Yumiko See Buffalo Daughter Oingo Boingo 39 O’Jays, The 13 Oje, Baba See Arrested Development

See Sugarcubes, The Olafunke, Carlene See Black Uhuru Olander, Jimmy See Diamond Rio Olatunji, Babatunde 45 Olaverra, Margot See Go-Go’s, The Old 97’s 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Olde-Wolbers, Christian See Fear Factory Oldfield, Mike 18 Oldham, Jack See Surfaris, The Oldham, Sean See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Oldham, Will 32 Olds, Brent See Poi Dog Pondering Oliffe, David See Vines, The O’Lionaird, Iarla See Afro Celt Sound System Oliver, Joe See Oliver, King Oliver, Karin See His Name Is Alive Oliver, King 15 Oliveri, Nick See Queens of the Stone Age Oliveros, Pauline 47 Olivia Tremor Control 28 Olkhovsky, Sergei See Bering Strait Olley, Chris See Six by Seven Ollis, Terry See Hawkwind Ollu, Franck See Ensemble Modern Olsdal, Stefan See Placebo Olsen, Richard See Charlatans, The Olsen, Ric See Berlin Olson, Carla 45

Ojeda, Eddie See Twisted Sister

Oltman, Matt See Chanticleer

O’Keefe, Laurence See Dark Star

O’Malley, Luke See Antibalas

Okereke, Kele See Bloc Party

O’Malley, Nick See Arctic Monkeys

Ol’ Dirty Bastard 42 Also see Wu-Tang Clan

O’Malley, Tony See 10cc

Olafsson, Bragi

Omarion 62

Olson, Jeff See Village People, The Olson, Mark See Jayhawks, The Olsson, Bjorn See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Olsson, Nigel See Spencer Davis Group

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

O’Meara, Jo See S Club 7 Ommer, Nobert See Ensemble Modern On, Richard See O.A.R. Onassis, Blackie See Urge Overkill Ondras, Charlie See Boss Hog O’Neal, Jamie 49 O’Neill, Damian See Undertones, The O’Neill, Jerry See Voodoo Glow Skulls O’Neill, John See Undertones, The O’Neill, Michael See Twisted Sister 112 49 Ono, Yoko 47 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Opokuwaa, Akua See Sweet Honey in the Rock Orange, Walter “Clyde” See Commodores, The Orange County Supertones See O.C. Supertones, The Orb, The 18 Orbison, Roy 2 Orbit, William 30 Orbital 20 Orchestra Baobab 42 Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark 21 O’Reagan, Tim See Jayhawks, The Oregon 30 Orff, Carl 21 Organ, Chad See Flying Luttenbachers, The Orgy 27 O Riada, Sean 56 Origliasso, Lisa See Veronicas, The Orioles, The 35 O’Riordan, Cait See Pogues, The O’Riordan, Dolores See Cranberries, The Orlando, Tony 15 örn, Einar See Sugarcubes, The örnolfsdottir, Margret See Sugarcubes, The O’Rourke, Jim 31 Also see Sonic Youth Orr, Benjamin See Cars, The Orr, Casey See Gwar

Ortega, Micah See Five Iron Frenzy Ortiz, Bill See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Ortiz, Domingo “Sunny” See Widespread Panic Ortiz, Opie See Long Beach Dub All Stars Ortmann, Mark See Bottle Rockets Ortoli See Les Négresses Vertes Orton, Beth 26 Orton, Mark See Tin Hat Trio Orzabal, Roland See Tears for Fears Osborn, Jinny See Chordettes, The Osborn, Kassidy See SHeDAISY Osborn, Kelsi See SHeDAISY Osborn, Kristyn See SHeDAISY Osborne, Bob See Osborne Brothers, The Osborne, Buzz See Melvins Osborne, David See 54-40 Osborne, Joan 66 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Osborne, Neil See 54-40 Osborne, Sonny See Osborne Brothers, The Osborne Brothers, The 8 Osbourne, Kelly 55 Osbourne, Ozzy 39 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Also see Black Sabbath Osby, Greg 57 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Osenga, Andrew See Normals, The Oskar, Lee See War Oskay, Billy See Nightnoise Oslin, K. T. 3 Osman, Mat See Suede Osmond, Donny 3 Ostin, Mo 17 Ostrovsky, Alexander See Bering Strait Oswald, Hunter See Down By Law Otis, Johnny 16

Cumulative Musicians Index • 313

Ott, David 2 Ottewell, Ben See Gomez Otto, James 65 Otto, John See Limp Bizkit Our Lady Peace 22 Out of the Grey 37 OutKast 33 Outler, Jimmy See Soul Stirrers, The Ovenden, Emily See Mediaeval Baebes Overstreet, Paul 33 Overton, Nancy See Chordettes, The Owen, Randy Yueull See Alabama Owen, Scott See Living End, The Owens, Buck 2 Owens, Campbell See Aztec Camera Owens, Fred See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Owens, Henry See Golden Gate Quartet Owens, Jack 30 Owens, Paul See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Also see Swan Silvertones, The Owens, Ricky See Temptations, The Ownens, Ikey See Mars Volta, The Owoh, Orlando 57 Oxley, Tony 32 Øye, Erlend See Kings of Convenience Oyewole, Abiodun See Last Poets Ozzello, Billy See Survivor P. Diddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy” Pablo, Augustus 37 Pace, Amedeo See Blonde Redhead Pace, Simone See Blonde Redhead Paddy Boom See Scissor Sisters Paez, Victor See Banda el Recodo Page, Greg See Wiggles, The Page, Jimmy 4 Also see Led Zeppelin Also see Yardbirds, The

Paice, Ian See Deep Purple Paisley, Brad 63 Earlier sketch in CM 42 Pajo, Dave See Tortoise Pajo, David See Slint Paladins, The 47 Palermo, Matt See Ludo Paliotta, Cherie See Avalon Palladino, Chris See Danielson Palmar, Wally See Romantics, The Palmer, Bruce See Buffalo Springfield Palmer, Carl See Asia Palmer, Carl See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Palmer, Clive See Incredible String Band Palmer, David See Jethro Tull Palmer, Jeff 20 Palmer, Jeff See Sunny Day Real Estate Palmer, Keeti See Prodigy Palmer, Phil See Dire Straits Palmer, Richard See Supertramp Palmer, Robert 2 Palmer-Jones, Robert See King Crimson Palmieri, Eddie 15 Paloalto 45 Paluzzi, Jimmy See Sponge Pamer, John See Tsunami Pandit G See Asian Dub Foundation Pangie See Kumbia Kings Panic! at the Disco 64 Panjabi MC 46 Pankow, James See Chicago Pankrantz, Lisa See Derailers, The Panozzo, Chuck See Styx

Page, Patti 11

Panozzo, John See Styx

Page, Steven See Barenaked Ladies

Panter, Horace See Specials, The

Orrall, Frank See Poi Dog Pondering

O’Toole, Paul See Young Dubliners

Pagliaro, Michel 56

Pantera 13

Orrico, Stacie 47

O’Toole, Mark See Frankie Goes To Hollywood

Pahanish, Alan “Al 3” See Powerman 5000

Panther, ⬙Omo⬙ See 5,6,7,8’s, The

O-Town 44

Pahinui, Gabby 46

Papa Roach 30

Ortega, Leonor “Jeff” See Five Iron Frenzy

314 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Papach, Leyna See Geraldine Fibbers Papas Fritas 29 Pappalardi, Felix See Mountain Pappas, Tom See Superdrag Paquin, Luke See Hot Hot Heat Parada, Pete See Face to Face Parada, Pete See Offspring Parada, Pete See Saves the Day Paradis, Vanessa 50 Paragons, The 53 Paramore 65 Parazaider, Walter See Chicago Parcells, Fred See Black 47 Parello, Vinny See Spiral Starecase Parffit, Rick See Status Quo Paris, Twila 39 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Paris Combo 54 Park, Cary See Boy Howdy Park, Larry See Boy Howdy Parkening, Christopher 59 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Parker, Alan See Soft Machine Parker, Brad See Pursuit of Happiness, The Parker, Charlie 5 Parker, Dylan See Lowest of the Low Parker, Evan 28 Also see Brotherhood of Breath Parker, Graham 49 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Parker, Jeff See Tortoise Parker, Kris See KRS-One Parker, Leon 27 Parker, Maceo 46 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Parker, Mimi See Low Parker, Ray 63 Parker, Tom See Animals, The

See Aloha Parks, Van Dyke 17 Parnell, Alex See Paloalto Parnell, Lee Roy 15 Parr, Tom See Bottle Rockets Parrish, Mark See Dixie Dregs Parsley, Ambrosia See Shivaree Parsons, Alan 12 Parsons, Dave See Bush Parsons, Drew See American Hi-Fi Parsons, Gene See Byrds, The Parsons, Gram 7 Also see Byrds, The Also see Flying Burrito Brothers Parsons, Longineu See Yellowcard Parsons, Ted See Prong Parsons, Tony See Iron Maiden Pärt, Arvo 40 Partch, Harry 29 Partington, Darren See 808 State Parton, Dolly 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Parton, Samantha See Be Good Tanyas Partridge, Andy See XTC Parvo, Carpella See Rasputina Pascale, Nina See Quickspace Pasemaster, Mase See De La Soul Pash, Jim See Surfaris, The Pasillas, Jose See Incubus Pass, Joe 15 Passons, Michael See Avalon Pastels, The 45 Pastorius, Jaco See Weather Report Paterson, Alex See Orb, The Paterson, Jim See Dexy’s Midnight Runners

Pattinson, Les See Echo and the Bunnymen Patton, Antwan “Big Boi” See OutKast Patton, Charley 11 Patton, Mike See Faith No More Patton, Mike See Mr. Bungle Paul, Alan See Manhattan Transfer, The Paul, Amit See A*Teens Paul, Les 2 Paul, Prince 29 Also see Gravediggaz Paul, Sean 42 Paul, Vinnie See Pantera Paul Revere & The Raiders 30 Paul III, Henry See BlackHawk Paull, Eric See Clem Snide Paulo, Jr. See Sepultura Paulus, Jean-Marie See Les Négresses Vertes Pausini, Laura 42 Pavarotti, Luciano 20 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Pavement 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Pavia, John See Four Seasons, The Paxton, Tom 5 Paycheck, Johnny 44 Payne, Bill See Little Feat Payne, Dougie See Travis Payne, Richard See Bluetones, The Payne, Scherrie See Supremes, The Payton, Denis See Dave Clark Five, The Payton, Lawrence See Four Tops, The Payton, Nicholas 27 Pea, Planet See Len Peaches 46 Peacock, Gary 48 Peacock, Olly See Gomez Peake, Ryan See Nickelback

Parker, William 31

Patinkin, Mandy 20 Earlier sketch CM 3

Pearce, David See Flying Saucer Attack

Patrick, Kyle See Click Five, The

Pearl, Minnie 3

Parket, Johnnie See Hackberry Ramblers Parkin, Chad See Aquabats, The Parks, Barney See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Parks, Cale

Patrick, Richard See Filter Patti, Sandi 50 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Pearl Jam 32 Earlier sketch in CM 12

Pearson, Dan See American Music Club Pearson, Tony See Flatlanders, The Peart, Neil See Rush Pedersen, Chris See Monks of Doom Pedersen, Herb See Desert Rose Band, The Also see Dillards, The Pedro the Lion 57 Peduzzi, Larry See Roomful of Blues Pee Wee See Kumbia Kings Peebles, Ann 30 Peek, Dan See America Peel, John 43 Peeler, Ben See Mavericks, The Peeples, Philip See Old 97’s Peeples, Philip See Old 97’s Peet, Joe See Cousteau Peeters, Flor 51 Pegg, Dave See Fairport Convention Also see Jethro Tull Pegrum, Nigel See Steeleye Span Peligro, Darren H. See Dead Kennedys Pelissier, Matt See My Chemical Romance Pelletier, Mike See Kilgore Peña, Adela See Eroica Trio Pena, Paco 60 Pence, Jeff See Blessid Union of Souls Pender, Mike See Searchers, The Penderecki, Krzysztof 30 Pendergast, George See Dishwalla Pendergrass, Teddy 3 Pendleton, Brian See Pretty Things, The Pengelly, Pat See Bedouin Soundclash Pengilly, Kirk See INXS Penick, Trevor See O-Town Peniston, CeCe 15 Penn, Michael 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Pennario, Leonard 65

Pearle, Ida See Ida

Penner, Fred 10

Pearls Before Swine 24

Penrod, Guy

Pennywise 27

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Gaither Vocal Band Pentangle 18 Pentland, Patrick See Sloan People Under The Stairs 39 Pepper, Art 18 Perahia, Murray 64 Earlier sketch in CM 35 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Percy, Mike See Dead or Alive Pere Ubu 17 Peretz, Jesse See Lemonheads, The Perez, Arturo See Redbone Perez, Chris See Kumbia Kings Perez, Danilo 25 Perez, Eddie See El Gran Combo Perez, Louie See Los Lobos Pérez, René See Calle 13 Perfect Circle, A 54 Peris, Don See Innocence Mission, The Peris, Karen See Innocence Mission, The Perkins, Al See Flying Burrito Brothers Perkins, Carl 9 Perkins, John See XTC Perkins, Percell See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Perkins, Pinetop 54 Perkins, Steve See Jane’s Addiction Also see Porno for Pyros Perko, Lynn See Imperial Teen Perlemuter, Vlado 41 Perlman, Itzhak 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Perlman, Marc See Golden Smog Perlman, Marc See Jayhawks, The Perna, Martin See Antibalas Pernice, Bob See Pernice Brothers Pernice, Joe See Pernice Brothers Also see Scud Mountain Boys

Perry, Brendan See Dead Can Dance Perry, Doane See Jethro Tull Perry, Jason See Plus One Perry, Joe See Aerosmith Perry, John G. See Caravan Perry, Lee “Scratch” 52 Perry, Linda 38 Perry, Phil 24 Perry, Steve See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Perry, Steve See Journey Perry, Ted 53 Perry, Virgshawn See Artifacts Perryman, Lloyd Wilson See Sons of the Pioneers Person, Eric See World Saxophone Quartet Person, Ian See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Personality, Johhny See Screeching Weasel Persson, Nina See Cardigans Persuasions, The 47 Pet Shop Boys 57 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Peter, Paul & Mary 4 Peter Bjorn and John 64 Peters, Bernadette 27 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Peters, Dale See James Gang Peters, Dan See Mudhoney Peters, Gretchen 45 Peters, Joey See Grant Lee Buffalo Peters, Lori See Skillet Peters, Mike See Alarm

Pernice Brothers 33

Peterson, Dick See Kingsmen, The

Pero, A.J. See Twisted Sister Peroff, Justin See Broken Social Scene Peron, Jean-Hervé See Faust Perry, Ann See Selah

Petersen, Chris See Front Line Assembly Petersen, Joel See Faint, The Peterson, Bobby See McCoys, The Peterson, Debbi See Bangles, The

Cumulative Musicians Index • 315

Peterson, Oscar 11 Peterson, Steve See Kingsmen, The Peterson, Sylvia See Chiffons, The Peterson, Vicki See Bangles, The Also see Continental Drifters Petersson, Tom See Cheap Trick Petey X See Rocket from the Crypt Petito, Scott See Fugs, The Petkovic, John See Cobra Verde Petra 3 Petratos, Dave See Romantics, The Petri, Tony See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Petrucci, John See Dream Theater Pettus, Kenny See Dazz Band Petty, Tom 50 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Also see Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Petty, Whitney See Deerhunter Peverett, Dave See Foghat Peverett, Dave See Savoy Brown Peyroux, Madeleine 53 Pfaff, Kristen See Hole Pfahler, Adam See Jawbreaker Pfeiffer, Darrin See Goldfinger Pfeiffer, Rob See Sense Field Pfisterer, Alban See Love

See REO Speedwagon Philips, Anthony See Genesis Phillips, Britta See Luna Phillips, Chris See Squirrel Nut Zippers Phillips, Chynna See Wilson Phillips Phillips, Craig & Dean 45 Phillips, Dominic See Bell X1 Phillips, Esther 46 Phillips, Glenn See Toad the Wet Sprocket Phillips, Grant Lee See Grant Lee Buffalo Phillips, Harvey 3 Phillips, John See Mamas and the Papas Phillips, Mackenzie See Mamas and the Papas Phillips, Mark See Down By Law Phillips, Michelle See Mamas and the Papas Phillips, Paul See Puddle of Mudd Phillips, Peter See Velvet Crush Phillips, Popeye See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Phillips, Randy See Phillips, Craig & Dean Phillips, Ross See Hard-Fi Phillips, Sam 12 Phillips, Sam 5 Phillips, Scott See Alter Bridge Phillips, Scott See Creed Phillips, Shawn 41 Phillips, Shelley See Point of Grace

PFR 38

Phillips, Simon See Judas Priest

Phair, Liz 48 Earlier sketch in CM 14

Phillips, Utah 57

Phantom, Slim Jim See Stray Cats, The Phantom Planet 49 Pharcyde, The 17 Phelps, David See Gaither Vocal Band Phelps, Doug See Kentucky Headhunters, The

Phipps, Sam See Oingo Boingo Phish 65 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Phoenix 59 Photinos, Nicholas See eighth blackbird

Phelps, Kelly Joe 36

Phungula, Inos See Ladysmith Black Mambazo

Peterson, Garry See Bachman-Turner Overdrive

Phelps, Ricky Lee See Kentucky Headhunters, The

Piaf, Edith 8

Peterson, Garry See Guess Who

Phife See Tribe Called Quest, A

Peterson, John See Beau Brummels

Phil, Gary See Boston

Peterson, Michael 31

Philbin, Greg

Piazza, Sammy See Quicksilver Messenger Service Piazzolla, Astor 18 Picciotto, Joe See Fugazi

316 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Piccolo, Greg See Roomful of Blues Pickerel, Mark See Screaming Trees Pickering, Michael See M People Pickett, Lenny See Tower of Power Pickett, Wilson 10 Pickler, Kellie 66 Pidgeon, Rebecca 61 Pier, Fred See D.O.A. Pierce, Charlie See Memphis Jug Band Pierce, Jason See Spacemen 3 Also see Spiritualized Pierce, Jonathan See Gaither Vocal Band Pierce, Marvin “Merv” See Ohio Players Pierce, Webb 15 Pierson, Kate See B-52’s, The Pigface 19 Pigott, Stephen See 10cc Pike, Donny See Lettermen, The Pike, Gary See Lettermen, The Pike, Jim See Lettermen, The Pilatus, Rob See Milli Vanilli Pilson, Jeff See Dokken Pinch See Damned, The Pincock, Dougie See Battlefield Band, The Pinder, Michael See Moody Blues, The Pine, Courtney 51 Also see Soul II Soul Pink 62 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Pink Floyd 2 Pinkerton, Peyton See Pernice Brothers Pinkus, Jeff See Butthole Surfers Pinnick, Doug See King’s X Piper, Jeff “Freedom” See Workhorse Movement, The

Pirner, Dave See Soul Asylum Pirro, Mark See Tripping Daisy Pirroni, Marco See Siouxsie and the Banshees Pisarri, Bill See Flying Luttenbachers, The Pitchon, Anna See Beulah Pitney, Gene 39 Pittman, Brian See Relient K Pixies, The 52 Earlier sketch in 21 Pizzarelli, John 50 Pizzicato Five 39 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Placebo 27 Plaid 50 Plain White T’s 65 Plakas, Dee See L7 Plant, Robert 56 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Led Zeppelin Plaskett, Joel 57 Plastikman See Hawtin, Richie Plato, Jeremy See Cross Canadian Ragweed Platters, The 25 Plaubicki, Gene See Angel Corpse Player 65 Pleasant, Alvin See Carter Family, The Ploog, Richard See Cameo Ploog, Richard See Church, The Plouf, Scott See Built to Spill Plough, John See Northwoods Improvisers Plus One 43 P.M. Dawn 11 Po’ Girl 58 P.O.D. 33 Podolak, Leonard See Duhks, The Pogues, The 6 Pohom, Chris See D.O.A. Poi Dog Pondering 17 Poindexter, Buster See Johansen, David

Pipien, Sven See Black Crowes, The

Point of Grace 21

Porter, Glenn See Alkaline Trio

Pointer, Anita See Pointer Sisters, The

Porter, Jody See Fountains of Wayne

Pires, Maria João 26

Pointer, Bonnie See Pointer Sisters, The

Porter, Tiran See Doobie Brothers, The

Piripitsi, Joe See Living End, The

Pointer, June See Pointer Sisters, The

Portishead 65 Earlier sketch in CM 22

Pirner, Dave See Golden Smog

Pointer, Ruth See Pointer Sisters, The

Portius, Bruce See Savoy Brown

Pippen, Lovetta See His Name Is Alive

Pointer Sisters, The 9 Poison 11 Poison Ivy See Rorschach, Poison Ivy Poland, Chris See Megadeth Polce, Tom See Letters to Cleo Polci, Gerry See Four Seasons, The Police, The 20 Polivka, Galen See Hold Steady, The Pollard, Jim See Guided By Voices Pollard, Robert, Jr. See Guided By Voices Pollard, Russ See Sebadoh Pollitt, Tessa See Slits, The Pollock, Courtney Adam See Aquabats, The Pollock, Emma See Delgados, The Pollock, Jason See Seven Mary Three Polwart, Karine See Battlefield Band, The Polygon Window See Aphex Twin Polyphonic Spree, The 51 Pomus, Doc See Doc Pomus Pontier, Derrick See Great White Pontiere, Ernie See Lettermen, The Ponty, Jean-Luc 8 Also see Mahavishnu Orchestra Pop, Iggy 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Pop, Jimmy See Bloodhound Gang, The Pope, Robert See Get Up Kids Popoff, A. Jay See Lit Popoff, Jeremy See Lit Popper, John See Blues Traveler Porno for Pyros 31 Porter, Cole 10 Porter, George, Jr. See Meters, The

Portman, Dr. Frank See Mr. T Experience, The Portman-Smith, Nigel See Pentangle Portnoy, Mike See Dream Theater Portuondo, Omara 42 Portz, Chuck See Turtles, The Posa, Dylan See Flying Luttenbachers, The Posdnuos See De La Soul Post, Louise See Veruca Salt Post, Mike 21 Potter, Janna See Avalon Potter, Nic See Van der Graaf Generator Potter, Tom See Dirtbombs, The Pottie, Ambrose See Crash Vegas Potts, Sean See Chieftains, The Potvin, Bryan See Northern Pikes, The Potzi See Paris Combo Poullain, Frankie See Darkness, The Pounds, Scott See Great White Povey, John See Pretty Things, The Powderfinger 33 Powell, Baden 23 Powell, Billy See Lynyrd Skynyrd Powell, Bud 15 Powell, Cozy See Emerson, Lake & Palmer/Powell Also see Rainbow Powell, Dirk See Balfa Toujours Powell, Don See Slade Powell, George See Pure Prairie League Powell, Kobie See US3 Powell, Mac See Third Day Powell, Martin See Cradle of Filth Powell, Owen See Catatonia Powell, Paul See Aztec Camera Powell, William See O’Jays, The Power, Darrell See Great Big Sea Powerman 5000 37

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cumulative Musicians Index • 317

Powers, Eric See Great White Powers, Kid Congo See Congo Norvell Also see Cramps, The Powers, Millard See Counting Crows Powles, Tim See Cameo Powter, Daniel 65 Poynton, Bobby See Lettermen, The Prado, Pérez 53 Prater, Dave See Sam and Dave Pratt, Awadagin 19 Pratt, Guy See Killing Joke Pratter, Samuelle See Club Nouveau Pray for Rain See PFR Precoda, Karl See Dream Syndicate Prefab Sprout 15 Prefuse 73 56 Prekop, Sam See Sea and Cake, The Prescott, Peter See Mission of Burma Presidents of the United States of America, The 34 Presley, Elvis 1 Presley, Lisa Marie 55 Presley, Richard See Breeders Prestia, Francis “Rocco” See Tower of Power Preston, Aaron See Chainsaw Kittens, The Preston, Joe See Melvins Preston, Leroy See Asleep at the Wheel Preston, Mark See Lettermen, The Prestwich, Steven See Cold Chisel Pretenders, The 8 Prettyman, Tristan 64 Pretty Things, The 26 Previn, André 15

See 808 State Price, Ray 11 Price, Rick See Electric Light Orchestra Price, Rod See Foghat Pride, Charley 4 Priest, Gretchen See Ceili Rain Priest, Maxi 20 Priest, Steve See Sweet Priester, Julian 54 Prima, Louis 18 Primal Scream 14 Primettes, The See Supremes, The Primrose, Neil See Travis Primus 11 Prince 40 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Prince, Prairie See Journey Prince, Vivian See Pretty Things, The Prince Be See P.M. Dawn Prince Paul See Handsome Boy Modeling School Princess Superstar 39 Principe, Joe See Rise Against Prine, John 56 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Prinsen Geerligs, Hugo See Gathering, The Prior, Maddy 50 Also see Steeleye Span Priske, Rich See Matthew Good Band Pritchard, Chris See Silly Wizard Proclaimers, The 13 Proctor, Mark See Seventy Sevens, The Prodigy 22 Professor Longhair 6 Project 86 52 Project Pat 65

Provost, Dave See Dream Syndicate Pryce, Guto See Super Furry Animals Pryor, Matthew See Get Up Kids Psychedelic Furs 23 Ptacek, Rainer See Giant Sand Pte See Indigenous Public Enemy 4 Puccini, Giacomo 25 Puckett, Gary See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Puddle of Mudd 45 Puente, Tito 14 Puff Daddy See Combs, Sean “Puffy” Puget, Jade See AFI Pullen, Don 16 Pulp 51 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Pulsford, Nigel See Bush Pundik, Jordan See New Found Glory Pundt, Lockett See Deerhunter Pura Fé See Ulali Purcell, John See World Saxophone Quartet Pure Prairie League 49 Purim, Flora 45 Pursuit of Happiness, The 58 Pusey, Clifford “Moonie” See Steel Pulse Pussycat Dolls, The 66 Puthli, Asha 60 Pyle, Andy See Kinks, The Pyle, Andy See Savoy Brown Pyle, Artemis See Lynyrd Skynyrd

Prévost, Eddie See AMM

Promise Ring, The 28 Prong 23

Pyres, Gian See Cradle of Filth

Prewitt, Archer 57 Also see Sea and Cake, The

Proof See D12

Pyro, Howie See D Generation

Price, Alan See Animals, The

Propatier, Joe See Silver Apples

Q

Price, Kelly 34

Propellerheads 26

Price, Leontyne 6

Propes, Duane See Little Texas

Q-Ball, D.J. See Bloodhound Gang, The

Radalj, Rod See Hoodoo Gurus

Q-Tip 66 Also see Tribe Called Quest, A

Radio 4 59

Prophet, Chuck 32 Prosper, Marvin See Baha Men

Quaid, Johnny See My Morning Jacket

Radiohead 64 Earlier sketch in CM 24

Prout, Brian See Diamond Rio

Quaife, Peter See Kinks, The

Radley, Kate See Spiritualized

Price, Lloyd 25 Price, Louis See Temptations, The Price, Mark See Archers of Loaf Price, Martin

Pyle, Chris See Royal Trux Pyle, Pip See Gong

See 112

Quasi 24 Quasthoff, Thomas 26 Quatro, Suzi 47 Quaye, Finley 30 Queen 48 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Queen Ida 51 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Queen Latifah 48 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Queens, Hollis See Boss Hog Queens of the Stone Age 55 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Queensryche 8 Queralt, Steve See Ride Querfurth, Carl See Roomful of Blues Query, Nate See Decemberists, The ? and the Mysterians 44 ?uestlove See Roots, The Quick, Clarence See Del Vikings, The Quicksilver Messenger Service 23 Quickspace 30 Quiles, Pedro See Son by Four Quin, Sara See Tegan and Sara Quin, Tegan See Tegan and Sara Quinn, Jonny See Snow Patrol Quinn, Mickey See Supergrass Quinn, Paul See Swizz Beatz Quint, Philippe 64 Quintanilla, Abraham See Kumbia Kings Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha 29 R. Prophet See Nappy Roots Raaymakers, Boy See Willem Breuker Kollektief Rabbitt, Eddie 24 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rabin, Trevor See Yes Race, Tony See Felt Racine, Pam See Gogol Bordello Raconteurs, The 64

Radio Tarifa 40

318 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Rae, Terry See Flamin’ Groovies Raekwon See Wu-Tang Clan Rafferty, Gerry 52 Rafferty, Mary See Cherish the Ladies Raffi 8 Rage Against the Machine 37 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Ragsdale, Randy See Cross Canadian Ragweed Raheem See Geto Boys, The Rahzel See Roots, The Railroad Earth 51 Rainbow 40 Rainer Maria 59 Raines, Jeff See Galactic Rainey, Ma 22 Rainey, Sid See Compulsion Rainford, Simone See All Saints Rainwater, Keech See Lonestar Rainwater, Lonnie See Hackberry Ramblers Raitt, Bonnie 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rakaa See Dilated Peoples Rakim 46 Also see Eric B. and Rakim Raleigh, Don See Squirrel Nut Zippers Ralph Sharon Quartet 26 Ralphs, Mick See Bad Company Also see Mott the Hoople Ramazzotti, Eros 52 Rambo, Dottie 60 Ramey, Samuel 51 Ramirez, Twiggy See Marilyn Manson Rammstein 25 Ramone, C. J. See Ramones, The Ramone, Dee Dee See Ramones, The Ramone, Joey See Ramones, The Ramone, Johnny See Ramones, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Ratatat 65 Ratcliffe, Simon See Basement Jaxx Rat Fink, Jr. See Alien Sex Fiend Rathbone, Andie See Mansun Rathbone, Don See Hollies, The Ratledge, Mike See Soft Machine Rattle, Simon 37 Ravel, Claire See Mediaeval Baebes Ravel, Maurice 25 Raven, Marion See M2M Raven, Paul See Killing Joke Also see Prong Raveonettes, The 48 Rawls, Lou 60 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Ray, Amy 65 Also see Indigo Girls Ray, East Bay See Dead Kennedys Ray, Tom See Bottle Rockets Ray Condo and His Ricochets 26 Raybon, Marty See Shenandoah Raye, Collin 16 Raymond, Bobby See Spiral Starecase Raymond, Paul See Savoy Brown Raymonde, Simon See Cocteau Twins, The Raynor, Scott See Blink 182 Razanajato, Mano See Paris Combo Rea, Chris 12 Rea, Matt “Myron” See Workhorse Movement, The Read, John See Specials, The Read, Mark See A1

Ramone, Marky See Ramones, The

Rampage, Randy See D.O.A. Rampal, Jean-Pierre 6 Ramsay, Andy See Stereolab Ranaldo, Lee See Sonic Youth Rancid 29 Randall, Bobby See Sawyer Brown Randall, Jon 58 Randolph, Boots 57 Randolph, Robert 49 Ranelin, Phil 55 Raney, Jerry See Beat Farmers Rangel, Enrique See Café Tacuba Rangel, Joselo See Café Tacuba Rangell, Andrew 24 Ranglin, Ernest See Skatalites, The Ranken, Andrew See Pogues, The Rankin, Billy See Brinsley Schwarz Rankin, Cookie See Rankins, The Rankin, Heather See Rankins, The Rankin, Jimmy See Rankins, The Rankin, John Morris See Rankins, The Rankin, Kenny 66 Rankin, Raylene See Rankins, The Ranking, Roger See English Beat, The Rankins, The 24 Ranks, Shabba 38 Rantanen, Hannu See Väarttinä Rapp, Marcelo D. See Soulfly Rapp, Steve See Guttermouth Rapp, Tom See Pearls Before Swine Rarebell, Herman See Scorpions, The Rasboro, Johnathen See Silk Rascal Flatts 42 Rascals, The 52 Rascon, Meegs See Coal Chamber

Ramone, Ritchie See Ramones, The

Raskin, Jon See Rova Saxophone Quartet

Ramone, Tommy See Ramones, The

RAS-1 See Long Beach Dub All Stars

Reaney, Paul See Tommy James and the Shondells

Redbone, Leon 19 Redd Kross 20 Reddick, Jaret See Bowling for Soup Redding, Otis 5 Reddy, Helen 9 Redman 35 Redman, Dewey 32 Redman, Don See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Redman, Joshua 25 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Redman, Matt 54 Redpath, Jean 1 Redus, Richard See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Reece, Chris See Social Distortion Reece, Damon See Spiritualized Reece, Jason See ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Reed, Brett See Rancid Reed, Dean 38 Reed, Herbert See Platters, The Reed, Jimmy 15 Reed, Johnny See Orioles, The Reed, Lou 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Velvet Underground, The Reef 24 Reel Big Fish 55 Rees, John See Men at Work Reese, Della 13 Reese, Joey See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Reeves, Dianne 16 Reeves, Jim 10 Reeves, Lois See Martha and the Vandellas Reeves, Martha 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Martha and the Vandellas Refoy, Mark See Spacemen 3 Also see Spiritualized Regan, Bridget See Flogging Molly Regan, Dan See Reel Big Fish Regan, Julianne See Gene Loves Jezebel Reich, Steve 8

Rebirth Brass Band 35

Reichel, Hans 29

Ramones, The 41 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Raspberries 43

Red Hot Chili Peppers 29 Earlier sketch in CM 7

Reichel, Keali’i 50

Ramos, Larry See Association, The

Rasted, Søren See Aqua

Rasputina 26

Reader, Joel See Mr. T Experience, The Readling, Greg See Chatham County Line Reagon, Bernice Johnson See Sweet Honey in the Rock Reams, Scott See Seventy Sevens, The

Red House Painters 40

Reid, Alan See Battlefield Band, The

Redbone 47

Reid, Antonio 44

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cumulative Musicians Index • 319

Reid, Charlie See Proclaimers, The Reid, Christopher See Kid ⬘n Play Reid, Craig See Proclaimers, The Reid, Delroy “Junior” See Black Uhuru Reid, Don See Statler Brothers, The Reid, Ellen Lorraine See Crash Test Dummies Reid, Harold See Statler Brothers, The Reid, Janet See Black Uhuru Reid, Jim See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Reid, L.A. See Reid, Antonio Reid, Lou See Seldom Scene, The Reid, Vernon 53 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Living Colour Reid, William See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Reifman, William See KMFDM Reilly, Marie See Cherish the Ladies Reilly, Michael See Pure Prairie League Reilly, Vini See Durutti Column, The Reinert, Florian See Paloalto Reinhardt, Django 7 Reininger, Blaine See Tuxedomoon Reiser, Dan See Marcy Playground Reitzell, Brian See Redd Kross Relf, Keith See Yardbirds, The Relient K 55 R.E.M. 64 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Rembrandts, The 37 Remy Zero 38 Renaud, Hélène See Swell Renbourn, John See Pentangle Rendall, Kimble See Hoodoo Gurus Reno, Mike See Loverboy

Residente See Calle 13 Residents, The 14 Restless Heart 12 Resurrection Band 36 Retondo, Mike See Plain White T’s Revell, Adrian See Jamiroquai Revere, Paul See Paul Revere & The Raiders Reverend Horton Heat 19 Rew, Kimberley See Katrina and the Waves Rex See Pantera Reyes, Andre See Gipsy Kings, The Reyes, Canut See Gipsy Kings, The Reyes, Eddie See Taking Back Sunday Reyes, Nicolas See Gipsy Kings, The Reyes, Pablo See Gipsy Kings, The Reyes, Patchai See Gipsy Kings, The Reynolds, Nick See Kingston Trio, The Reynolds, Robert See Mavericks, The Reynolds, Sheldon See Earth, Wind and Fire Reznor, Trent 13 Also see Nine Inch Nails Rheostatics 37 Rhoad, Herbert See Persuasions, The Rhodes, Emitt 55 Rhodes, Izora See Weather Girls, The Rhodes, Louise See Lamb Rhodes, Nick See Duran Duran Rhodes, Philip See Gin Blossoms Rhodes, Todd See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Rhone, Sylvia 13 Rhys, Gruff See Super Furry Animals Ribot, Marc 30 Rice, Chris 25 Rice, Damien 50 Rice, Jeff See Whiskeytown

Rich, Jeff See Status Quo Rich, John See Big & Rich Also see Lonestar Richard, Cliff 14 Richard, Zachary 9 Richards, Aled See Catatonia Richards, Edward See Shamen, The Richards, J.R. See Dishwalla Richards, Keith 11 Also see Rolling Stones, The Richards, Lee See Godsmack Richardson, Geoffrey See Caravan Richardson, Kevin See Backstreet Boys Richey, Kim 20 Richie, Lionel 50 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Commodores, The Richling, Greg See Wallflowers, The Richman, Jonathan 12 Richrath, Gary See REO Speedwagon Richter, Johnny See Kottonmouth Kings Rick, Dave See King Missile Rickle, Matt See Thunderbirds are Now! Ricochet 23 Riddle, Matt See Face to Face Riddle, Paul See Marshall Tucker Band Ride 40 Ridenour, Matt See Hawthorne Heights Riders in the Sky 33 Ridley, Greg See Humble Pie Riebling, Scott See Letters to Cleo Rieckermann, Ralph See Scorpions, The Riedel, Oliver See Rammstein Rieflin, William See Ministry Also see Pigface Rieger, Andrew See Elf Power

Riley, Billy Lee 43 Riley, Herman See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Riley, Kristian See Citizen King Riley, Teddy “Street” 14 See Blackstreet Riley, Terry 32 Riley, Timothy Christian See Tony! Toni! Toné! Rillera, Butch See Redbone Rilo Kiley 52 Rimes, LeAnn 46 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Ringenberg, Jason See Jason & the Scorchers Rippingtons 38 Rippon, Steve See Lush Rise Against 66 Ritchie, Brian See Violent Femmes Ritchie, Jean 4 Ritchie, John Simon See Sid Vicious Ritchie, Robert See Kid Rock Ritenour, Lee 7 Ritenour, Lee See Fourplay Ritter, Tex 37 Ritter, Tyson See All-American Rejects, The Ritts-Kirby, Freya See Ensemble Modern Rivas, Jerry See El Gran Combo Rivera, Freddie See El Gran Combo Rivera, James See Flotsam and Jetsam Rivers, Sam 29 Rivers, Sam See Limp Bizkit Rivers, Sam See Music Revelation Ensemble Rix, Simon See Kaiser Chiefs Rizzo, Joe See D Generation

Rice, Joe See Fairfield Four

Rieth, Derek See Musiq

RJD2 54

Reno, Ronnie See Osborne Brothers, The

Rice, Syl See Flatlanders, The

Rieu, André 26

Roach, Steve 41

Rentals, The 50

Roads, Kimberly See Little Big Town

REO Speedwagon 23

Rice-Oxley, Tim See Keane

Rigby, Will See dB’s, The Rihanna 59

Replacements, The 7

Rich, Buddy 13

Roback, David See Mazzy Star

Republica 20

Rich, Charlie 3

Riles, Kelly See Velocity Girl

Rizzo, Peter See Gene Loves Jezebel Rizzo, Ray See Days of the New Rjabtzev, Sergey See Gogol Bordello Roach, Max 12

Robb, Doug

320 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Hoobastank Robbins, Charles David See BlackHawk Robbins, J See Jawbox Robbins, Marty 9 Roberge, Mark See O.A.R. Roberson, LaTavia See Destiny’s Child Robert Bradley’s Blackwater Surprise 35 Roberts, Ashley See Pussycat Dolls, The Roberts, Brad See Crash Test Dummies Roberts, Brad See Gwar Roberts, Dan See Crash Test Dummies Roberts, Jason See Asleep at the Wheel Roberts, Keith See Young Dubliners Roberts, Ken See Charm Farm Roberts, Marcus 6 Roberts, Mark See Catatonia Roberts, Matt See 3 Doors Down Roberts, Nathan See Flaming Lips Roberts, Paul See Stranglers, The Roberts, Rick See Flying Burrito Brothers Roberts, Sam 59 Roberts, Steve See Exploited, The Robertson, Allison See Donnas, The Robertson, Brian See Motörhead Also see Thin Lizzy Robertson, Ed See Barenaked Ladies Robertson, Mark See Los Lonely Boys

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Rodney, Red 14 Rodrigues, Amália 40 Rodrigues, Virgínia 48 Rodriguez, Frank See ? and the Mysterians Rodriguez, Omar See At The Drive-In Rodriguez, Rico See Skatalites, The Also see Specials, The Rodriguez, Sal See War Rodriguez, Victor See El Gran Combo Rodriguez-Lopez, Marcel See Mars Volta, The Rodriguez-Lopez, Omar See Mars Volta, The Roe, Kris See Ataris, The Roe, Marty See Diamond Rio Roe, Michael 41 Also see Seventy Sevens, The Roeder, Jason See Neurosis Roeder, Klaus See James Gang Roeder, Klaus See Kraftwerk Roeser, Donald See Blue Oyster Cult Roeser, Eddie “King” See Urge Overkill Roessler, Kira See Black Flag Roger, Ranking See English Beat, The Rogers, Dan See Bluegrass Patriots Rogers, Fred 46 Rogers, Garnet 53 Rogers, Kenny 56 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Rogers, Norm See Cows, The Also see Jayhawks, The Rogers, Roy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Rogers, Stan 61 Rogers, Tim See You Am I Rogers, Willie See Soul Stirrers, The Rogerson, Roger See Circle Jerks

Rolie, Gregg See Journey Rolling Stones, The 23 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Rollins, Henry 35 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Also see Black Flag Rollins, Sonny 7 Rollins, Winston See Jamiroquai Rolston, Shauna 50 Roman, Anthony See Radio 4 Romanelli, Chris “Junior” See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Romano, Ruben See Fu Manchu Romans, Ben See Click Five, The Romantics, The 34 Rombola, Tony See Godsmack Römer, Rainer See Ensemble Modern Romero, Paloma See Slits, The Romich, Jr., Tom See Caustic Resin Romm, Ronald See Canadian Brass, The Rondinelli, Bob See Rainbow Ronettes, The 45 Roney, Wallace 33 Ronson, Mick See Mott the Hoople Ronstadt, Linda 2 Roog, John See Thompson Twins Roomful of Blues 7 Rooney, Joe Don See Rascal Flatts Root, James See Slipknot Roots, The 55 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Roper, Dee Dee See Salt-N-Pepa

Rojas, Luciano Andrés See La Ley

Rosario, Papo See El Gran Combo

Rodgers, Jimmie 3

Rojas, Luciano See La Ley

Rosas, Cesar See Los Lobos

Rodgers, Nile 8 Also see Chic

Roland, Dean See Collective Soul

Rose, Axl See Guns n’ Roses

Robinson, Chris See Black Crowes, The

Rodgers, Paul See Bad Company Also see Free

Roland, Duane See Molly Hatchet

Rose, Felipe See Village People, The

Robinson, Cynthia

Rodgers, Richard 9

Roland, Ed See Collective Soul

Rose, Fisher See Destroyer

Robertson, Robbie 2 Also see Band, The Robertson, Rowan See VAST Robeson, Paul 8 Robi, Paul See Platters, The Robie, Milton See Memphis Jug Band Robillard, Duke 49 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Roomful of Blues Robinson, Arnold See Nylons, The

See Sly & the Family Stone Robinson, Darren See Fat Boys, The Robinson, Darren See Phantom Planet Robinson, David See Cars, The Robinson, Dawn See En Vogue Robinson, Justin See Carolina Chocolate Drops Robinson, Louise See Sweet Honey in the Rock Robinson, Prince See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Robinson, R. B. See Soul Stirrers, The Robinson, Rich See Black Crowes, The Robinson, Romye “Booty Brown” See Pharcyde, The Robinson, Smokey 51 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Robinson, Spike 62 Robinson, Sylvia 55 Robinson, Tony “Gad” See Aswad Robison, Emily See Dixie Chicks Rochberg, George 56 Roche, Maggie See Roches, The Roche, Suzzy See Roches, The Roche, Terre See Roches, The Roches, The 18 Rochester, Cornell See Music Revelation Ensemble Rock, D. See Len Rock, Dave See Rilo Kiley Rock, Pete 64 Rock, Richie See Boyzone Rockapella 34 Rockenfield, Scott See Queensryche Rocker, Lee See Stray Cats, The Rocket from the Crypt 52 Rockett, Rikki See Poison Rockin’ Dopsie 10 Rodden, Mike See Hinder Rodford, Jim See Kinks, The

Roper, Reese See Five Iron Frenzy Roper, Todd See Cake Rorschach, Poison Ivy See Cramps, The Rosario 43

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Also see New Pornographers, The Rose, Fred 58 Rose, Johanna Maria See Anonymous 4 Rose, Michael See Black Uhuru Rose, Morgan See Sevendust Rose, Tim 41 Rosen, Gary See Rosenshontz Rosen, Peter See War Rosenblatt, Joel See Spyro Gyra Rosenshontz 9 Rosenthal, David See Rainbow Rosenthal, Jurgen See Scorpions, The Rosenthal, Phil See Seldom Scene, The Rosenworcel, Brian See Guster Rosman, Ronnie See Tommy James and the Shondells Rosnes, Renée 44 Ross, Annie See Lambert, Hendricks and Ross Ross, Diana 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Supremes, The

Cumulative Musicians Index • 321

Rossy, Jose See Weather Report

Royal Crown Revue 33

Rostill, John See Shadows, The

Royer, Robb See Bread

Rucker, Darius 66 Also see Hootie and the Blowfish Ru-D See Mudvayne Rudd, Phillip See AC/DC Rudd, Roswell 28 Rudolph, Paul See Hawkwind Rue, Caroline See Hole Ruff Endz 41 Ruffin, David 6 Also see Temptations, The Ruffin, Tamir See Dru Hill Ruffins, Kermit See Rebirth Brass Band Ruffy, Dave See Aztec Camera Also see Waterboys, The Ruiz, Francis See Great White Ruley, Yuri See MxPx Rumba Club 36 Rumbel, Nancy See Tingstad & Rumbel Rumsey, Vern See Unwound Run See Run DMC Run DMC 25 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Runaways, The 44 Rundgren, Todd 11 RuPaul 20 Rusby, Kate 29 Rush 8 Rush, Otis 12 Rushakoff, Harry See Concrete Blonde Rushen, Patrice 49 Rushing, Jimmy 37 Rushlow, Tim See Little Texas Russel See Gorillaz Russell, Alecia See Sounds of Blackness Russell, Alistair See Battlefield Band, The Russell, Allison See Po’ Girl Russell, Arthur 50 Russell, Graham See Air Supply

Rostropovich, Mstislav 17

Rubano, Matt See Taking Back Sunday

Russell, Hal See Flying Luttenbachers, The

Sabo, Dave See Bon Jovi Also see Skid Row

Rube Waddell 29

Russell, Jack See Great White

Sade 37 Earlier sketch in CM 2

Russell, John See Steppenwolf

Sadier, Laetitia See Stereolab

Russell, Joseph See Persuasions, The

Sadies, The 53

Rubinstein, Arthur 11 Rubio, Paulina 39

Russell, Leon 35

Ross, Don 65 Ross, Jason See Seven Mary Three Ross, Malcolm See Aztec Camera Ross, Rick 61 Ross, Ryan See Panic! at the Disco Rossdale, Gavin See Bush Rosser, Hamish See Vines, The Rossi, Francis See Status Quo Rossi, John See Roomful of Blues Rossington, Gary See Lynyrd Skynyrd

Roswell, Stewart “Rosco” See Spacemen 3 Rota, Nino 13 Roth, C. P. See Blessid Union of Souls Roth, David Lee 59 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Van Halen

Roth, Gabrielle 26 Roth, Ulrich See Scorpions, The Rothchild, Dan See Tonic Rothe, Eddie See Searchers, The Rother, Michael See Neu! Rotheray, Dave See Beautiful South Rothwell, Evelyn 35 Rotsey, Martin See Midnight Oil Rotten, Johnny See Lydon, John Also see Sex Pistols, The Roumain, Daniel 54 Rourke, Andy See Killing Joke Also see Smiths, The Rouse, Christopher 41 Rouse, Josh 42 Rova Saxophone Quartet 42 Rowan, Peter 51 Rowberry, Dave See Animals, The Rowe, Dwain See Restless Heart Rowe, Keith See AMM Rowe, Simon See Mojave 3 Rowland, Kelly 64 Also see Destiny’s Child Rowland, Kevin See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Rowlands, Bruce See Fairport Convention Rowlands, Euros See Gorky’s Zygotic Mynci Rowlands, Tom See Chemical Brothers, The Rowley, Andy See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Rowntree, Dave See Blur Roxette 23 Roxy Music 39 Roy, Jimmy See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Royal, Billy Joe 46 Royal Trux 29

Rubin, Mark See Bad Livers, The Rubin, Rick 52 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Russell, Mark 6 Russell, Martin See Afro Celt Sound System Russell, Mike See Shudder to Think Russell, Pee Wee 25 Russell, Tom 26 Russo, Jeff See Tonic Russo, Marc See Yellowjackets Rust Epique See Crazy Town Rusted Root 26 Rutherford, Mike See Genesis Also see Mike & the Mechanics Rutherford, Paul See Frankie Goes To Hollywood Rutmanis, Kevin See Cows, The Rutsey, John See Rush Ruttan, Hans See Gathering, The Ruttan, Rene See Gathering, The Ryan, Cathie See Cherish the Ladies Ryan, David See Lemonheads, The Ryan, Mark See Country Joe and the Fish Also see Quicksilver Messenger Service Ryan, Mick See Dave Clark Five, The Ryan, Pat “Taco” See Asleep at the Wheel Rybska, Agnieszka See Rasputina Ryder, Mitch 23 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Röyksopp 57 Ryland, Jack See Three Dog Night RZA 50 Also see Wu-Tang Clan Rzab, Greg See Black Crowes, The Rzewski, Frederic 57 Rzeznik, Johnny See Goo Goo Dolls, The S Club 7 37 Saadiq, Raphael 52 Saariaho, Kaija 43

Saffery, Anthony See Cornershop

322 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Saffron See Republica Safina, Alessandro 42 Sage, Danny See D Generation Sager, Carole Bayer 5 Sahir, Kadim al- 44 Sahm, Doug 30 Also see Texas Tornados, The Saint Etienne 28 Saint Vicious See Kottonmouth Kings Sainte-Marie, Buffy 11 Saints, The 40 Saint-Saëns, Camille 25 Sais, Fausto See Banda el Recodo Sakamoto, Ryuichi 19 Salama, Kareem 65 Salazar, Arion See Third Eye Blind Salem, Kevin 32 Salerno-Sonnenberg, Nadja 3 Saliers, Emily See Indigo Girls Salisbury, Peter See Verve, The Saliva 38 Sally, Zak See Low Salmon, Michael See Prefab Sprout Salnikova, Lydia See Bering Strait Saloman, Nick See Bevis Frond Salonen, Esa-Pekka 16 Salt-N-Pepa 6 Saltzman, Jeff See Sunset Valley Saluzzi, Dino 23 Salv See Carter USM Salvador, Henri 48 Sam and Dave 8 Sambora, Richie 24 Also see Bon Jovi Samples 58 Sampson, Caleb See Alloy Orchestra Sampson, Doug See Iron Maiden Sams, Dean See Lonestar Samson, J.D. See Le Tigre Samuels, Dave See Spyro Gyra

Sanchez 38 Sanchez, Claudio See Coheed and Cambria Sánchez, David 40 Sanchez, Michel See Deep Forest Sanchez, Paul See Cowboy Mouth Sanchez, Pedro See Los Bukis Sanctuary, Gary See Aztec Camera Sanders, Ed See Fugs, The Sanders, Pharoah 28 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Sanders, Ric See Fairport Convention Sanders, Steve See Oak Ridge Boys, The Sanderson, Neil See Three Days Grace Sandison, Michael See Boards of Canada Sandler, Adam 19 Sandman, Mark See Morphine Sandmel, Ben See Hackberry Ramblers

Samuelson, Gar See Megadeth

Santana, Juelz 58

Samuelsson, Marie 47 Samwell-Smith, Paul See Yardbirds, The

Sandoval, Arturo 62 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Sandoval, Hope See Mazzy Star Sandoval, Jesse See Shins, The Sandoval, Sonny See P.O.D. Sands, Aaron See Jars of Clay Sandsten, Fredrik See Soundtrack of Our Lives, The Sanford, Gary See Aztec Camera Sangare, Oumou 22 Sanger, David See Asleep at the Wheel Sansone, Pat See Autumn Defense, The Santamaria, Mongo 28 Sant’ Ambrogio, Sara See Eroica Trio Santana, Carlos 43 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Santiago, Herman See Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Sanz, Alejandro 35 Saporta, Gabe See Cobra Starship Sapphire, Cylindra See Mediaeval Baebes Sarabia, Aldo See Banda el Recodo Sarabia, Carlos See Banda el Recodo Sarabia, Victor See Banda el Recodo Saraceno, Blues See Poison Sargent, Gray See Ralph Sharon Quartet Saryglar, Alexei See Huun-Huur-Tu Sasaki, Mamiko See Pizzicato Five Also see Pulp Sasha 39 Satchell, Clarence “Satch” See Ohio Players Satie, Erik 25 Satoh, Somei 49 Satriani, Joe 4 Sauguet, Henri 48 Saunders, Peter See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Saunders, Scott See Sons of the Desert Saunier, Greg See Deerhoof Savage, Paul See Delgados, The Savage, Rick See Def Leppard Savage, Scott See Jars of Clay Savage Garden 32 Savall, Jordi 44 Saves the Day 59 Saville, Christian See Slowdive Savoy, Ann 47 Savoy, Rob See Cowboy Mouth Savoy Brown 56 Sawhney, Nitin 46 Sawyer, Phil See Spencer Davis Group Sawyer, Ray See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Sawyer Brown 27 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Saxa See English Beat, The Saxon, Stan See Dave Clark Five, The Scabies, Rat See Damned, The

See Atomic Fireballs, The Scales See Nappy Roots Scallions, Brett See Fuel Scally, Alex See Beach House Scalzo, Tony See Fastball Scanlan, Deirdre See Solas Scanlon, Craig See Fall, The Scanlon, Phil See Idlewild Scannell, Matt See Vertical Horizon Scantlin, Wes See Puddle of Mudd Scarface 41 Also see Geto Boys, The Scelsi, Giacinto 47 Schacher, Mel See Grand Funk Railroad Also see ? and the Mysterians Schafer, Danny See Screeching Weasel Schafer, Gustav See Tokio Hotel Scharin, Doug 32 Schayer, Bobby See Bad Religion Scheidt, Dean Norman See Lane, Fred Schelhaas, Jan See Camel Also see Caravan Schellard, Martin See Spiritualized Schellenbach, Kate See Luscious Jackson Schemel, Patty See Hole Schenker, Michael See Scorpions, The Schenker, Rudolf See Scorpions, The Schenkman, Eric See Spin Doctors Schermie, Joe See Three Dog Night Scherpenzeel, Ton See Camel Scherzinger, Nicole See Pussycat Dolls, The Scheuchzer, Michael See MercyMe Schick, Steven See Bang on a Can All-Stars Schickele, Karla See Ida Schickele, Peter 5 Schifrin, Lalo 29

San Basilio, Paloma 60

Santiago, Joey See Pixies, The

Scaccia, Mike See Ministry

Sanborn, David 28 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Santos, Domingo See El Gran Combo

Scaggs, Boz 12

Schlesinger, Adam See Fountains of Wayne

Scaggs, Shawn

Schlitt, John

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Cumulative Musicians Index • 323

See Petra Schloss, Zander See Circle Jerks, The Schmelling, Johannes See Tangerine Dream Schmersal, John See Brainiac Schmid, Daniel See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Schmid, Don See Northern Pikes, The Schmidt, Irmin See Can Schmidt, Robert See Flogging Molly Schmit, Timothy See Eagles, The Schmoovy Schmoove See Digital Underground Schneck, Jonathan See Relient K Schneider, Carmen See Mediaeval Baebes Schneider, Christoph See Rammstein Schneider, Florian See James Gang Schneider, Florian See Kraftwerk Schneider, Fred III See B-52’s, The Schneider, Maria 48 Schneider, Robert See Apples in Stereo Schneider, Stefan See To Rococo Rot Schneiderman, Leon See Oingo Boingo Schnelle, Deborah See Sierra Schnier, Al See moe. Schnitzler, Conrad See Tangerine Dream Schock, Gina See Go-Go’s, The Schoenbeck, Scott See Promise Ring, The Scholl, Andreas 38 Scholten, Jim See Sawyer Brown Scholz, Tom See Boston Schon, Neal See Journey Schönfeldt, Fredrik See Wannadies, The

See ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Schrody, Erik See House of Pain Also see Everlast Schroer, Oliver 29 Schroyder, Steve See Tangerine Dream Schulman, Mark See Foreigner Schulz, Guenter See KMFDM Schulzberg, Robert See Placebo Schulze, Klaus See Tangerine Dream Schumaker, Dirk See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Schuman, Tom See Spyro Gyra Schuman, William 10 Schütze, Paul 32 Schuur, Diane 48 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Schwab, Andrew See Project 86 Schwartz, Dorothy See Chordettes, The Schwartz, Elisa See Cobra Starship Schwartz, Will See Imperial Teen Schwartzberg, Alan See Mountain Schwartzman, Jason See Phantom Planet Schwartzman, Josh See Rumba Club Schwarz, Brinsley See Brinsley Schwarz Schwarz, Gerard 45 Schweizer, Irène 46 Schwindt, George See Flogging Molly Scialfa, Patti 51 Scissor Sisters 61 Sciubba, Sabina See Brazilian Girls Sclavunos, Jim See Congo Norvell Scofield, John 7

Schönfeldt, Stefan See Wannadies, The

Scott, George See Five Blind Boys of Alabama

Schools, Dave See Widespread Panic

Scott, Howard See War

Schorr, Michael See Death Cab for Cutie

Scott, Jill 63 Earlier sketch in CM 39

Seeger, Pete 38 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Also see Weavers, The

Schramm, Dave See Yo La Tengo

Scott, Jimmy 14

Seger, Bob 15

Scott, Josey See Saliva

Seger, David See Giant Sand

Schroader, Doni

Scorpions, The 12 Scott, Andrew See Sloan Scott, Andy See Sweet Scott, Darrell 54

Scott, Martin See Aereogramme Scott, Mike See Waterboys, The Scott, Ronald Belford “Bon” See AC/DC Scott, Sherry See Earth, Wind and Fire Scott, Simon See Slowdive Scott, Tony 32 Scott-Heron, Gil 13 Screaming Trees 19 Screeching Weasel 48 Scroggins, Chistelle See ESG Scroggins, Deborah See ESG Scroggins, Marie See ESG Scroggins, Nicole See ESG Scroggins, Renee See ESG Scroggins, Valerie See ESG Scruggs, Earl 3 Scruggs, Randy 28 Scud Mountain Boys 21 Sea and Cake, The 48 Seal 66 Earlier sketch in CM 46 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Seales, Jim See Shenandoah Seals, Brady See Little Texas Seals, Dan 9 Seals, Jim See Seals & Crofts Seals & Crofts 3 Seaman, Ken See Bluegrass Patriots Searchers, The 41 Sears, Pete See Jefferson Starship Sebadoh 26 Sebastian, John See Lovin’ Spoonful Sebesky, Don 33 Sebestyén, Márta 47 Secada, Jon 13 Secola, Keith 45 Secrest, Wayne See Confederate Railroad Secret Machines 66 Sed, Billy See Giant Sand Sedaka, Neil 4 Seeger, Peggy 25

Segovia, Andres 6 Segundo, Compay 45 Seidel, Martie See Dixie Chicks Selah 61 Selberg, Shannon See Cows, The Seldom Scene, The 4 Selena 16 Seligman, Matthew See Thompson Twins Sellars, Rodney See Sense Field Sellers, Jim See Stabbing Westward Selvidge, Steve See Lucero Selway, Phil See Radiohead Semisonic 32 Semko, Jay See Northern Pikes, The Sen Dog See Cypress Hill Senior, Milton See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Senior, Russell See Pulp Senior, Scott See Duhks, The Sennett, Blake See Rilo Kiley Sense Field 39 Sensi See Soul II Soul Sensible, Captain See Damned, The Sepultura 12 Seraphine, Daniel See Chicago Sergeant, Will See Echo and the Bunnymen Sermon, Erick 44 Also see EPMD Serneholt, Marie See A*Teens Serrato, Eddie See ? and the Mysterians Setari, Craig See Sick of It All Sete, Bola 26 Settles, Walter See Fairfield Four Setzer, Brian 32 Also see Stray Cats, The Setzer, Philip See Emerson String Quartet Seven Mary Three 39 Sevendust 37 7L See 7L & Esoteric 7L & Esoteric 63 Seventy Sevens, The 46 Severin, Steven See Siouxsie and the Banshees Severinsen, Doc 1

324 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Seward, Andrew See Against Me! Sewell, Geoff See Amici Forever Sex Pistols, The 5 Sexsmith, Ron 65 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Sexton, Chad See 311 Sexton, Martin 41 Seymour, Neil See Crowded House Shabalala, Ben See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Headman See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Jockey See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Joseph See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Msizi See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Sibongiseni See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabalala, Thulani See Ladysmith Black Mambazo Shabo, Eric See Atomic Fireballs, The Shack, Richard See James Gang Shade, Will See Memphis Jug Band Shadow, DJ 19 Shadows, The 22 Shaffer, James See Korn Shaffer, Paul 13 Shaffer, Robby See MercyMe Shaggs, The 46 Shaggy 37 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Shaggy 2 Dope See Insane Clown Posse Shaham, Gil 35 Shai 23 Shakespeare, Robbie See Sly and Robbie Also see Black Uhuru Shakira 59 Earlier sketch in CM 33 Shakur, Tupac See 2Pac Shallenberger, James See Kronos Quartet Shamen, The 23 Shane, Bob See Kingston Trio, The Shangri-Las, The 35 Shanice 14 Shankar, Anoushka 46 Shankar, Ravi 38 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Shannon, Del 10 Shannon, Sarah See Velocity Girl

Shannon, Sean See Molly Hatchet Shannon, Sharon See Waterboys, The Shanté 10 Shapey, Ralph 42 Shapiro, Jim See Veruca Salt Shapiro, Lee See Four Seasons, The Shapiro, Steve See Imperials, The Shapps, Andre See Big Audio Dynamite Sharkey, Feargal See Undertones, The Sharon, Lois & Bram 6 Sharon, Ralph See Ralph Sharon Quartet Sharp, Alexander See Orioles, The Sharp, Dave See Alarm Sharp, Elliott 50 Sharp, Laura See Sweet Honey in the Rock Sharp, Matt See Rentals, The Also see Weezer Sharpe, Ray 53 Sharpe, Trevor See Mediaeval Baebes Sharpe, Trevor See Minty Sharrock, Chris See Lightning Seeds Sharrock, Sonny 15 Shaw, Adrian See Bevis Frond Shaw, Artie 57 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Shaw, Ethan See Derailers, The Shaw, James See Broken Social Scene Shaw, Lisa See Blue Six Shaw, Marlena 53 Shaw, Martin See Jamiroquai Shaw, Robert 32 Shaw, Tommy See Styx Shaw, Woody 27 Shay, Todd See SonicFlood Shea, Tom See Scud Mountain Boys Sheaff, Lawrence See AMM

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Scissor Sisters Shears, Steve See Ultravox SHeDAISY 36 Shedden, Iain See Saints, The Sheehan, Billy See Mr. Big Sheehan, Billy See Niacin Sheehan, Bobby See Blues Traveler Sheehan, Fran See Boston Sheep on Drugs 27 Sheeran, Phil 51 Sheik, Duncan 32 Sheila E. 59 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Sheldon, George See Blue Mountain Sheldon, Scott See Guttermouth Shellac 46 Shellenberger, Allen See Lit Shelley, Peter See Buzzcocks, The Shelley, Steve See Sonic Youth Shelton, Blake 45 Shelton, Seb See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Shenandoah 17 Shenandoah, Joanne 33 Shepard, Kevin See Tonic Shepard, Vonda 35 Shepherd, Brad See Hoodoo Gurus Shepherd, Hunter “Ben” See Soundgarden Shepherd, John See Northwoods Improvisers Shepherd, Kenny Wayne 22 Shepp, Archie 43 Sheppard, Rodney See Sugar Ray Sherba, John See Kronos Quartet, The Sherinian, Derek See Dream Theater Sherman, Jack See Red Hot Chili Peppers Sherwood, Adrian 31 Shezbie, Derrick See Rebirth Brass Band Shields, Kevin See My Bloody Valentine

Shilton, Paul See Quickspace Shimada, Noriko See Ensemble Modern Shines, Johnny 14 Shinoda, Mike See Linkin Park Shins, The 52 Shipp, Matthew 31 Shirelles, The 11 Shirley, Danny See Confederate Railroad Shirley, Jerry See Humble Pie Shivaree 60 Shively, William See Big Mountain Shives, Andrew See Fear Factory Shock G See Digital Underground Shocked, Michelle 56 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Shocklee, Hank 15 Shogren, Dave See Doobie Brothers, The Shonen Knife 13 Shontz, Bill See Rosenshontz Shore, Dinah 36 Shore, Howard 48 Shore, Pete See Boss Hog Short, Bobby 55 Shorter, Wayne 45 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Weather Report Shostakovich, Dmitry 42 Shovell See M People Showalter, Ricky See Liquid Soul Showtime, Johnny See Liquid Soul Shrat, Christian See Amon Duul II Shreve, Floyd See Hackberry Ramblers Shuck, Ryan See Orgy Shudder to Think 20 Shuffield, Joey See Fastball Shyne 54 Sia 64 Siberry, Jane 6 Sice See Boo Radleys, The Sick of It All 41

Shiflett, Chris See Foo Fighters

Sidelnyk, Steve See Aztec Camera

Shiflett, Scott See Face to Face

Sidney, Hilarie See Apples in Stereo

Shearing, George 28

Shifty Shellshock See Crazy Town

Siebels, Jon See Eve 6

Shears, Jake

Shihad 34

Siebenberg, Bob

Sheaffer, Todd See Railroad Earth Shearer, Harry See Spinal Tap

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Supertramp Siebert, Chris See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Siegal, Janis See Manhattan Transfer, The Sierra 60 Sigel, Beanie 55 Signorelli, Mark See Swell Sigur Rós 31 Sikes, C. David See Boston Silk 26 Silk, Garnett 39 Sill, Judee 61 Sills, Beverly 5 Silly Wizard 36 Silva, Alan 45 Silva, Kenny Jo See Beaver Brown Band, The Silver, Horace 19 Silver, Josh See Type O Negative Silver Apples 23 Silverchair 63 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Silveria, David See Korn Silverstein, Shel 51 Silvester, Andy See Savoy Brown Silvestri, Alan 37 Simeon See Silver Apples Simien, Terrance 12 Simins, Russell See Jon Spencer Blues Explosion Simmonds, Kim See Savoy Brown Simmons, Gene See Kiss Simmons, Joe “Run” See Run DMC Simmons, Patrick See Doobie Brothers, The Simmons, Russell 47 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Simmons, Trinna See Spearhead

Cumulative Musicians Index • 325

Slater, Rodney See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Slatkin, Leonard 41 Slattery, Mick See Hawkwind Slay, Gregory See Remy Zero Slayer 62 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Slean, Sarah 65 Sleater-Kinney 46 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Sledd, Dale See Osborne Brothers, The Sledge, Debbie See Sister Sledge Sledge, Joni See Sister Sledge Sledge, Kathy See Sister Sledge Sledge, Kim See Sister Sledge Sledge, Percy 15 Sledge, Robert See Ben Folds Five Sleet, Nicole See Mediaeval Baebes Slesinger, Bruce “Ted” See Dead Kennedys Slichter, Jake See Semisonic Slick, Grace 33 Also see Jefferson Airplane Slick Rick 27 Slife, Gibb See Les Savy Fav Slijngaard, Ray See 2 Unlimited Slim See 112 Slint 55 Slipknot 30 Slits, The 49 Sloan 53 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Sloan, Allen See Dixie Dregs Sloan, Eliot See Blessid Union of Souls Sloane, Carol 36 Sloas, Jimmie Lee See Imperials, The Slobberbone 38 Slocum, Matt See Sixpence None the Richer Slovak, Hillel See Red Hot Chili Peppers Slowdive 40

See Clash, The Simons, Ed See Chemical Brothers, The Simple Minds 21 Simple Plan 53 Simpson, Ashlee 58 Simpson, Denis See Nylons, The Simpson, Derrick “Gong” See Black Uhuru Simpson, Gerald See 808 State Simpson, Jessica 52 Earlier sketch in CM 34 Simpson, Lester See Coope, Boyes & Simpson Simpson, Mark See Flotsam and Jetsam Simpson, Mel See US3 Simpson, Mike See Dust Brothers Simpson, Ray See Village People, The Simpson, Rose See Incredible String Band Simpson, Tom See Snow Patrol Sims, David William See Jesus Lizard Sims, Matt See Citizen King Sims, Neil See Catherine Wheel Sims, Rick See Supersuckers Sims, Zoot 37 Sin, Will See Shamen, The Sinatra, Frank 23 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sinatra, Nancy 52 Sinclair, David See Camel Also see Caravan Sinclair, Eon See Bedouin Soundclash Sinclair, Gord See Tragically Hip, The Sinclair, Richard See Camel Also see Caravan Sinfield, Peter See King Crimson Singer, Eric See Black Sabbath Also see Kiss

Siouxsie and the Banshees 8 Sir Mix-A-Lot 14 Sir Rap-A-Lot See Geto Boys, The Sirois, Joe See Mighty Mighty Bosstones Sisqó 34 Also see Dru Hill Sissel 42 Sissokho, Moussa See Afro Celt Sound System Sister Bliss See Faithless Sister Hazel 34 Sister Sledge 37 Sitek, David See TV on the Radio Siverton See Specials, The Six by Seven 35 Sixpence None the Richer 26 Sixx, Nikki See Mötley Crüe Sixx, Roger See Less Than Jake Size, Roni 31 Sizzla 36 Skaggs, Ricky 43 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Also see Country Gentlemen, The Skatalites, The 18 Skeete, Beverley See Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings Skehan, John See Railroad Earth Skeoch, Tommy See Tesla Sketch See 23 Skidoo Skiba, Matt See Alkaline Trio Skid Row 48 Skill, Mike See Romantics, The Skillet 54 Skillings, Muzz See Living Colour Skinny DeVille See Nappy Roots Skinny Puppy 17

Singh, Talvin 44 See Massive Attack

Skopelitis, Nicky See Golden Palominos Skunk Anansie 27

Simon and Garfunkel 24

Singh, Tjinder See Cornershop

Slade 54

Sly, Randy “Ginger” See Atomic Fireballs, The

Simonal, Wilson 33

Singletary, Daryle 41

Simone, Nina 11

Sinn, Ryan See Angels & Airwaves

Slade, Isaac See Fray, The

Sly and Robbie 54 Earlier sketch in CM 13

Slash See Guns n’ Roses

Sly & the Family Stone 24

Simms, Nick See Cornershop Simon, Carly 61 Earlier sketch in CM 22 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Simon, Paul 16 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Simon and Garfunkel Simon, Robin See Ultravox

Simonian, Ashod See Earlimart Simonon, Paul

Sioux, Siouxsie See Siouxsie and the Banshees

Sklamberg, Lorin See Klezmatics, The Skold, Tim See Marilyn Manson Skoob See Das EFX

Slater, Luke 38

Slum Village 51

Slye, Leonard Franklin See Sons of the Pioneers

326 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Small, Heather See M People Small, Phil See Cold Chisel Smalley, Dave See Down By Law Smalley, Dave See Raspberries Smalls, Derek See Spinal Tap Smárason, Övar Poreyjarson See Múm Smarr, Rod See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show Smart, Terence See Butthole Surfers Smart II, N.D. See Mountain Smash, Chas See Madness Smash Mouth 27 Smashing Pumpkins 36 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Smear, Pat See Foo Fighters Also see Germs, The Smelly See NOFX Smith, Aaron See Seventy Sevens, The Smith, Adrian See Iron Maiden Smith, Allen See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Smith, Andrew See Danielson Smith, Bessie 3 Smith, Brad See Blind Melon Smith, Chad See Red Hot Chili Peppers Smith, Charles See Kool & the Gang Smith, Chas See Cobra Verde Smith, Chris See Van der Graaf Generator Smith, Claydes See Kool & the Gang Smith, Clifford See Method Man Smith, Curt See Tears for Fears Smith, Daniel See Danielson Smith, Davis See Danielson Smith, Debbie See Curve Also see Echobelly Smith, Elin See Danielson Smith, Elliott 28 Smith, Fran

See Hooters Smith, Fred See Blondie Smith, Fred See MC5, The Smith, Fred See Television Smith, Garth See Buzzcocks, The Smith, Gerard See TV on the Radio Smith, Graham See Van der Graaf Generator Smith, Greg See Rainbow Smith, James “Smitty” See Three Dog Night Smith, Jerome See KC and the Sunshine Band Smith, Jimmy 30 Smith, Jimmy 54 Smith, Jocelyn B. 30 Smith, Joe See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Smith, Keely 29 Smith, Kelly See Flotsam and Jetsam Smith, Kendra See Dream Syndicate Smith, Kevin See dc Talk Smith, Lavay See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Smith, “Legs” Larry See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Smith, Mark E. See Fall, The Smith, Martin See Delirious? Smith, Megan See Danielson Smith, Michael W. 49 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Smith, Mike See Dave Clark Five, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Smith, Sammi 48 Smith, Scott See Loverboy Smith, Shannon See Imperials, The Smith, Shawn See Brad Smith, Simon See Wedding Present, The Smith, Smitty See Three Dog Night Smith, Spencer See Panic! at the Disco Smith, Spike See Damned, The Smith, Steve See Dirty Vegas Smith, Steve See Journey Smith, Stewart See Delirious? Smith, Tim See Jellyfish Smith, Todd See Selah Smith, Tommy 28 Smith, Tweed See War Smith, Tyler See Guttermouth Smith, Wendy See Prefab Sprout Smith, Whit See Hot Club of Cowtown Smith, Willie 58 Also see DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince Smith, Will 62 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Smith, Zachary See Loud Family, The Smithereens, The 14 Smiths, The 3 Smits, Bart See Gathering, The Smog 28

See Squeeze Snow, Hank 29 Snow, Phoebe 4 Snow Patrol 59 Snyder, Richard “Midnight Hatsize Snyder” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Soan, Ashley See Del Amitri Sobule, Jill 20 Social Distortion 27 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Sodergren, Kurt See Big Bad Voodoo Daddy Soft Cell 43 Soft Machine 36 Sokolof, Alan See Four Lads, The Solal, Martial 4 Solange 66 Solas 34 Solem, Phil See Rembrandts, The Solinger, Johnny See Skid Row Solis, Joel See Los Bukis Solis, Marco Antonio See Los Bukis Solis, Marco 56 Sollenberger, Isobel See Bardo Pond Soloff, Lew See Blood, Sweat and Tears Solowka, Peter See Wedding Present, The Solti, Georg 13 Sommer, Günter “Baby” 31 Son by Four 35 Son Volt 21 Sondheim, Stephen 8 Sonefeld, Jim See Hootie and the Blowfish Songs: Ohia 49 Sonic Youth 55 Earlier sketch in CM 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Smith, Mike See Paul Revere & The Raiders

Smyth, Gilli See Gong

Smith, Parrish See EPMD

Smyth, Joe See Sawyer Brown

SonicFlood 51

Smith, Patti 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1

Smythe, Danny See Box Tops, The

Sonnenberg, Nadja Salerno See Salerno-Sonnenberg, Nadja

Smith, Paul See Imperials, The

Sneaker Pimps 60

Sonni, Jack See Dire Straits

Smith, Rachel See Danielson Smith, Rick See Underworld Smith, Robert See Cure, The Smith, Robert See Spinners, The Smith, Roger See Tower of Power Also see Siouxsie and the Banshees

Sneed, Floyd Chester See Three Dog Night

Sonique 45

Sonnier, Jo-El 10

Snider, Dee See Twisted Sister

Sonnier, Lennis See Hackberry Ramblers

Snoop Dogg 44 Earlier sketch in CM 17

Sonny and Cher 24

Snoop Doggy Dogg See Snoop Doog

Sons of the Pioneers 53

Snouffer, Alex “Alex St. Clair” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Sorum, Matt See Cult, The

Snow 23

Sosna, Rudolf See Faust

Snow, Don

Sons of the Desert 44 Soraya 46

Sosa, Mercedes 3

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Soto, Carlos See Banda el Recodo Soucie, Michael See Surfin’ Pluto Soul Asylum 10 Soul Coughing 21 Soul II Soul 17 Soule, Mickey Lee See Rainbow Soulfly 33 Soulive 44 Soul Stirrers, The 11 Soundgarden 6 Sounds of Blackness 13 Soundtrack of Our Lives, The 56 Sousa, John Philip 10 South, Joe 59 Souther, J.D. 66 Southerland, Bill See Kilgore Southern Culture on the Skids 42 Spacehog 29 Spacemen 3 31 Spag See Mudvayne Spaghetti, Eddie See Supersuckers Spall, Rob See Soft Machine Spampinato, Joey See NRBQ Spampinato, Johnny See NRBQ Spaniels, The 43 Spann, Otis 18 Sparhawk, Alan See Low Sparks 18 Sparks, Brett See Handsome Family, The Sparks, Chris “Cornbread” See Workhorse Movement, The Sparks, Donita See L7 Sparks, Rennie See Handsome Family, The Spasic, Goran See Boban Markovic Orkestar Spasic, Srdjan See Boban Markovic Orkestar Spaulding, James See World Saxophone Quartet Spaulding, Neal Otto See Two Dollar Pistols Spear, Roger Ruskin See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Speare, Paul See Dexy’s Midnight Runners

Cumulative Musicians Index • 327

Stanisic, Ched See Cobra Verde Stan´ko, Tomasz 47 Stanley, Bob See Saint Etienne Stanley, Ian See Tears for Fears Stanley, Paul See Kiss Stanley, Ralph 55 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stanley, Steve See Lowest of the Low Stansfield, Lisa 9 Stanshall, Vivian See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Stanton, Phil See Blue Man Group Staples, Mavis 57 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Staples, Neville See Specials, The Staples, Pops 11 Stapp, Scott See Creed Starcrunch See Man or Astroman? Starflyer 59 50 Starker, Janos 32 Starkey, Kathryn La Verne See Starr, Kay Starkey, Richard See Starr, Ringo Starks, Tia Juana See Sweet Honey in the Rock Starling, John See Seldom Scene, The Starr, Edwin 50 Starr, Frank “Andy” 47 Starr, Garrison 38 Starr, Kay 27 Starr, Mike See Alice in Chains Starr, Ringo 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Also see Beatles, The Starship See Jefferson Airplane Stasik, Ryan See Umphrey’s McGee

Special Ed 16 Specials, The 21 Spector, Phil 57 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Spector, Ronnie 28 Also see Ronettes, The Spedding, Chris 61 Speech See Arrested Development Speedo See Rocket from the Crypt Speiser, Jerry See Men at Work Spektor, Regina 60 Spellman, Jim See Velocity Girl Spence, Alexander “Skip” See Jefferson Airplane Also see Moby Grape Spence, Alister See Clarion Fracture Zone Spence, Cecil See Israel Vibration Spence, Skip See Spence, Alexander “Skip” Spencer, Bruce See Seventy Sevens, The Spencer, Dan See O.C. Supertones, The Spencer, Jeremy See Fleetwood Mac Spencer, Jim See Dave Clark Five, The Spencer, Jon See Boss Hog Also see Jon Spencer Blues Explosion Spencer, Thad See Jayhawks, The Spencer, Vernon Tim See Sons of the Pioneers Spencer Davis Group 19 Sperske, Aaron See Pernice Brothers Spice Girls 22 Spiderbait 39 Spillane, Davy 48 Spillane, Scott See Neutral Milk Hotel Spin Doctors 14 Spinal Tap 8 Spindt, Don See Aqua Velvets

Sponge 18 Spongetones, The 34 Spoon 34 Spooner, Steve See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Spoons, Sam See Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band Spring, Keith See NRBQ Spring Heel Jack 30 Springfield, Dusty 20 Springfield, Rick 9 Springsteen, Bruce 63 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Sproule, Daithi See Altan Sprout, Tobin See Guided By Voices Spruance, Trey See Mr. Bungle Spyro Gyra 34 Squeeze 5 Squire, Chris See Yes Squire, John See Stone Roses, The Squires, Rob See Big Head Todd and the Monsters Squirrel Nut Zippers 20 Stabbing Westward 35 Stacey, Peter “Spider” See Pogues, The Stacia See Hawkwind Stacy, Jeremy See Aztec Camera Staehely, Al See Spirit Staehely, J. Christian See Spirit

Staley, Layne See Alice in Chains

Staton, Candi 45

Spinners, The 21 Spiral Starecase 51

Staley, Tom See NRBQ

Stax, John See Pretty Things, The

Spirit 22

Stalling, Carl 50

Spiritualized 43

St. Cin, Steve See Beulah

Stafford, Jimmy See Train Stafford, Jo 24 Stafford, Tim See Blue Highway Stahl, Franz See Foo Fighters Staind 65 Earlier sketch in CM 31

Statler Brothers, The 8 Status Quo 40

Spearhead 19

Spiteri, Sharleen See Texas

Stallings, Ron See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers

Spearin, Charles See Broken Social Scene

Spitz, Dan See Anthrax

Stamey, Chris See dB’s, The

Steady See Minty

Spearman, Glenn 55

Spitz, Dave See Black Sabbath

Stamp, Leroy See Paragons, The

Spivey, Victoria 44

Stampley, Joe 51

Steaks, Chuck See Quicksilver Messenger Service

Sponberg, Nicol See Selah

Stanier, John See Helmet

Stebbins, Jone See Imperial Teen

Spearritt, Hannah See S Club 7 Spears, Britney 66 Earlier sketch in CM 28

Stead, David See Beautiful South

328 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Steel, Chris See Alexisonfire Steel, John See Animals, The Steel, Richard See Spacehog Steel Pulse 14 Steele, Billy See Sounds of Blackness Steele, David See English Beat, The Also see Fine Young Cannibals Steele, Davy See Battlefield Band, The Steele, Jeffrey See Boy Howdy Steele, Michael “Micki” See Bangles, The Also see Runaways, The Steele, Peter See Type O Negative Steeleye Span 19 Steely Dan 29 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Steen, Scott See Royal Crown Revue Stefani, Gwen 63 Stefani, Gwen See No Doubt Stefansson, Baldur See Gus Gus Steier, Rick See Warrant Stein, Andy See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Stein, Chris See Blondie Stein, Hal See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Stein, Laura See Pernice Brothers Steinberg, Lewis See Booker T. & the M.G.’s Steinberg, Sebastian See Soul Coughing Steinhardt, Robby See Kansas Stens, Juston See Dr. Dog

Sterling, Jay See Love Sterling, Lester See Skatalites, The Stern, Isaac 7 Stern, Leni 29 Stern, Mike 29 Steve See Carter USM Steve See Fun Lovin’ Criminals Stevens, April See Nino Tempo & April Stevens Stevens, Cat 61 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Stevens, Rachel See S Club 7 Stevens, Ray 7 Stevens, Rick See Tower of Power Stevens, Roger See Blind Melon Stevens, Sufjan 57 Stevens, Tone See Savoy Brown Stevens, Tony See Foghat Stevens, Vol See Memphis Jug Band Stevenson, Bill See Black Flag Stevenson, Don See Moby Grape Stevenson, James See Gene Loves Jezebel Stever, Travis See Coheed and Cambria Stevie D. See Buckcherry Steward, Pat See Odds Stewart, Andy M. See Silly Wizard Stewart, Bill See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Stewart, Dave See Eurythmics Stewart, Derrell See Florida Boys, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Stewart, Natalie See Floetry Stewart, Reggie See Rebirth Brass Band Stewart, Rex See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Stewart, Robert See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Stewart, Rod 53 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Faces, The Stewart, Ron See Lynn Morris Band Stewart, Sylvester See Sly & the Family Stone Stewart, Tommy See Godsmack Stewart, Tyler See Barenaked Ladies Stewart, Vaetta See Sly & the Family Stone Stewart, William See Third World Stewart, Winston “Metal” See Mystic Revealers St. Hubbins, David See Spinal Tap Sticman See Dead Prez Stiff, Jimmy See Jackyl Stills, Stephen 5 Also see Buffalo Springfield Also see Crosby, Stills, and Nash Sting 41 Earlier sketch in CM 19 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Police, The Stinson, Bob See Replacements, The Stinson, Tommy See Replacements, The Stipe, Michael See R.E.M. Also see Golden Palominos Stirratt, John See Autumn Defense, The

Stockhausen, Karlheinz 36 Stockman, Shawn See Boyz II Men Stockwood, Kim 26 Stoeckel, Steve See Spongetones, The Stoermer, Mark See Killers, The Stoker, Gordan See Jordanaires, The Stoll See Clannad Also see Big Mountain Stoller, Mike See Leiber and Stoller Stoltz, Brian See Meters, The Also see Neville Brothers, The Stoltzman, Richard 24 Stonadge, Gary See Big Audio Dynamite Stone, Angie 37 Stone, Curtis See Highway 101 Stone, David See Rainbow Stone, Doug 10 Stone, Joss 52 Stone, Kim See Rippingtons Also see Spyro Gyra Stone, Martin See Savoy Brown Stone, Sly 8 Stone Temple Pilots 36 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Stonehill, Randy 44 Stone Roses, The 16 Stookey, Paul See Peter, Paul & Mary Stopholese, Marcus See AFI Storch, Scott 61 Story, Liz 45 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Story, The 13 Stotts, Richie See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Strachan, Andy See Living End, The Stradlin, Izzy See Guns n’ Roses

Stewart, Derrick “Fatlip” See Pharcyde, The

Stirratt, John See Uncle Tupelo Also see Wilco

Stewart, Eric See 10cc

Stirratt, Laurie See Blue Mountain

Stewart, Freddie See Sly & the Family Stone

Stitt, Sonny 59

Stewart, Ian See Rolling Stones, The

St. John, Mark See Kiss

Steppenwolf 20

Stewart, Jamie See Cult, The

St. Marie, Buffy See Sainte-Marie, Buffy

Stratton, Dennis See Iron Maiden

Sterban, Richard See Oak Ridge Boys, The

Stewart, John See Kingston Trio, The

St. Nicholas, Nick See Steppenwolf

Strauss, Richard 25

Stereo MC’s 34

Stewart, Larry See Restless Heart

Stock, Barry See Three Days Grace

Straw, Syd 18 Also see Golden Palominos

Stewart, Mark See Bang on a Can All-Stars

Stockberger, John See Sense Field

Strawbs 37

Stephens, Jody See Big Star Stephens, Jody See Golden Smog Stephens, Kai See Hard-Fi Stephenson, Van Wesley See BlackHawk

Stereolab 47 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Stereophonics 29

St. James, Rebecca 26

Strain, Sammy See O’Jays, The Strait, George 38 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Stranglers, The 31

Stravinsky, Igor 21

Stray Cats, The 11

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Strayhorn, Billy 13 Street, Richard See Temptations, The Streets, The 50 Strehli, Angela 58 Streisand, Barbra 35 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Strickland, Keith See B-52’s, The String Trio of New York 40 String Cheese Incident, The 34 Stringer, Gary See Reef Strokes, The 37 Strömberg, Lars See (International) Noise Conspiracy Stroud, Mike See Ratatat Strouse, Charles 43 Strummer, Joe See Clash, The Stryi, Wolfgang See Ensemble Modern Strykert, Ron See Men at Work Stryper 2 Stuart, Chad See Chad & Jeremy Stuart, Hamish See Average White Band Stuart, Mark See Audio Adrenaline Stuart, Marty 9 Stuart, Michael See Love Stuart, Peter See Dog’s Eye View Stubblefield, John See Lucero Stubbs, Levi See Four Tops, The Stucky, Steven 55 Studdard, Ruben 61 Stump, Patrick See Fall Out Boy Stumpf, Lawrence See French Kicks Stumpf, Nick See French Kicks Sturmer, Andy See Jellyfish

Cumulative Musicians Index • 329

Switches 64 Switchfoot 48 Swizz Beatz 56 Swope, Martin See Mission of Burma SWV 14 Sykes, John See Whitesnake Sykes, Roosevelt 20 Sylvain, Sylvain See New York Dolls Sylvester 53 Sylvester, Terry See Hollies, The Sylvian, David 27 System of a Down 36 T. Rex 11 Tabac, Tony See Joy Division Tabackin, Lew 47 Taboo See Black Eyed Peas Tabor, June 38 Tabor, Ty See King’s X Tabuchi, Shoji 55 Tackett, Fred See Little Feat Tacuma, Jamaaladeen See Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Tadlock, Tom See Tuxedomoon Tafelmusik 49 Taff See Killing Joke Taff, Russ See Imperials, The TAFKAP (The Artist Formerly Known as Prince) See Prince

Such, Alec John See Bon Jovi Sucherman, Todd See Styx Suchy, Renee See Pursuit of Happiness, The Sudden, Nikki 59 Suede 20 Suede, John See Culture Club Sugar Ray 22 Sugarcubes, The 10 Sugarhill Gang 60 Sugarland 61 Suicidal Tendencies 15 Sulley, Suzanne See Human League, The Sullivan, Bill See Golden Smog Sullivan, Danny See Beulah Sullivan, Dan See Screeching Weasel Sullivan, Frankie See Survivor Sullivan, Jacqui See Bananarama Sullivan, Jeff See Drivin’ N’ Cryin’ Sullivan, Justin “Slade the Leveller” See New Model Army Sullivan, Kirk See 4Him Sum 41 38 Sumac, Yma 50 Summer, Donna 12 Summer, Mark See Turtle Island String Quartet Summers, Andy 3 Also see Police, The Summers, Bill See Los Hombres Calientes Sumner, Bernard See Joy Division Also see New Order Sun, Elizabeth See Gogol Bordello Sun Ra 27 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Sundays, The 20 Sundholm, Norm See Kingsmen, The Sun-J See Asian Dub Foundation Sunny Day Real Estate 28 Sunnyland Slim 16 Sunset Valley 31 Super DJ Dmitry See Deee-lite Super Furry Animals 28 Superchunk 29

Suptic, Jim See Get Up Kids Suranovitch, George See Love Sure!, Al B. 13 Surfaris, The 23 Surfin’ Pluto 24 Survivor 65 Sutcliffe, Stu See Beatles, The Sutherland, Joan 13 Sutherland, Stacy See 13th Floor Elevators Sutta, Jessica See Pussycat Dolls, The Sutter, Wendy See Bang on a Can All-Stars Suzuki, Kenji “Damo” See Can Sveinsson, Kjartan See Sigur Rós Svenigsson, Magnus See Cardigans Svenonious, Ian See Make-Up, The Svensson, Esbjörn 66 Svensson, Peter See Cardigans Svigals, Alicia See Klezmatics, The Swan, Billy 60 Also see Beulah Swan Silvertones, The 39 Swanson, Dave See Cobra Verde Swarbrick, Dave See Fairport Convention Swarzenbach, Blake See Jawbreaker Sweat, Keith 13 Sweet 39 Sweet, Matthew 9 Sweet, Michael See Stryper Sweet, Phillip See Little Big Town Sweet, Rachel 48 Sweet, Robert See Stryper Sweet Honey In The Rock 26 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Sweethearts of the Rodeo 12 Swell 31 Swervedriver 31 Swift, Richard See Starflyer 59 Swift, Taylor 65

Superdrag 23

Swing Out Sister 40

Sub Commander Ras I Zulu See Spearhead

Supergrass 30

Swinny, Wayne See Saliva

Takemitsu, Toru 6

Subdudes, The 18

Supertramp 25

Sublime 19

Supremes, The 6

Swinscoe, Jason See Cinematic Orchestra

Takizawa, Taishi See Ghost

Sturr, Jimmy 33 St. Werner, Jan See Mouse on Mars Styne, Jule 21 Styrene, Poly See X-Ray Spex Styx 60 Earlier sketch in CM 37 Suarez, Alex See Cobra Starship

Supersuckers 50

Swifty See D12 Swing, DeVante See Jodeci

Taggart, Jeremy See Our Lady Peace Tait, Chris See Fixx, The Tait, Michael See dc Talk Taj Mahal 51 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Tajima, Takao See Pizzicato Five Takac, Robby See Goo Goo Dolls, The Takahashi, Maki See Blonde Redhead Takanami, Keitaro See Pizzicato Five Take 6 39 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Takeda, Clint See Bardo Pond Taking Back Sunday 58

330 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Talamantez, Abel See Kumbia Kings Talan, Deb See Weepies, The Talbot, Ivor See Divine Comedy, The Talbot, Joby See Divine Comedy, The Talbot, John Michael 6 Talbot, Mick See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Talcum, Joe Jack See Dead Milkmen Talk Talk 19 Talking Heads 1 Tall Paul 36 Talley, Gary See Box Tops, The Talley, Nedra See Ronettes, The Talmy, Shel 52 Tamia 34 Tampa Red 25 Tan Dun 33 Tandy, Richard See Electric Light Orchestra Tangerine Dream 12 Tankian, Serj See System of a Down Tannen, Steve See Weepies, The Tañón, Olga 39 Tantric 36 Taquino, Mike See Normals, The Taree, Aerle See Arrested Development Tate, Aaron See Caedmon’s Call Tate, Buddy 33 Tate, Cinjun See Remy Zero Tate, Geoff See Queensryche Tate, Howard 45 Tate, Shelby See Remy Zero Tatum, Art 17 Taul, Matt See Days of the New Taul, Matt See Tantric Taupin, Bernie 22 Tavener, John 45 Taylor, Aaron See MC Eiht Taylor, Alexis See Hot Chip Taylor, Andy See Duran Duran Taylor, Ben 60 Taylor, Billy 13 Taylor, Bill See Angel Corpse

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Terrell, Tammi 49

Tesh, John 20 Tesla 15 Texas 27 Texas Tornados, The 8 Thacher, Jeff See Rockapella Thacker, Rocky See Shenandoah Thain, Gary See Uriah Heep Thalia 38 Tharp, Al See Beausoleil Tharpe, Sister 47 Thatcher, Jon See Delirious? Thayil, Kim See Soundgarden The The 15 Theaker, Drachen See Love Theile, Jacob See Faint, The Theodore, Jon See Mars Volta, The Theremin, Leon 19 Thes One See People Under The Stairs They Might Be Giants 51 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Thibaudet, Jean-Yves 24 Thicke, Robin 66 Thielemans, Toots 13 Thiessen, Matt See Relient K Thievery Corporation 66 Earlier sketch in CM 31 Thighpaulsandra See Spiritualized Thile, Chris See Nickel Creek Thi-Lihn Le See Golden Palominos Thin Lizzy 13 Third Day 34 Third Eye Blind 25 Third World 13 Thirsk, Jason See Pennywise 13th Floor Elevators 47 .38 Special 40 Thistlethwaite, Anthony See Waterboys, The Thomas, Alex See Earth, Wind and Fire Thomas, Banner See Molly Hatchet

Terrie See Ex, The

Thomas, Bob See Silly Wizard

Terry, Boyd See Aquabats, The

Thomas, Chris See Elms, The

Terry, Clark 24

Thomas, Danny See 13th Floor Elevators

See Live Taylor, Corey See Slipknot Taylor, Courtney See Dandy Warhols Taylor, Dan See Silver Apples Taylor, Dave See Pere Ubu Taylor, Dick See Rolling Stones, The Taylor, Earl See Country Gentlemen, The Taylor, Gene See Blasters, The Taylor, Isaiah See Baha Men Taylor, James “J.T.” See Kool & the Gang Taylor, James 61 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Taylor, James See Kool & the Gang Taylor, Johnnie See Soul Stirrers, The Taylor, John See Duran Duran Taylor, Kate 30 Taylor, Koko 43 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Taylor, Larry See Canned Heat Taylor, Leroy See Soul Stirrers, The Taylor, Madelaine See Silly Wizard Taylor, Melvin See Ventures, The Taylor, Mick See Rolling Stones, The Also see Pretty Things, The Taylor, Otis 60 Taylor, Paul See Rippingtons Taylor, Philip “Philthy Animal” See Motörhead Taylor, Robert See Musiq

See Brainiac Taylor, Wayne See Blue Highway Taylor, Zola See Platters, The Tea Party 38 Teagarden, Jack 10 Tears for Fears 52 Earlier sketch in CM 6 Technotronic 5 Tedeschi, Susan 45 Teel, Jerry See Boss Hog Teena Marie 49 Teenage Fanclub 13 Teer, John See Chatham County Line Tegan and Sara 58 Te Kanawa, Kiri 2 Television 17 Teller, Al 15 Temirkanov, Yuri 26 Tempesta, John See White Zombie Tempesta, Mike “M33” See Powerman 5000 Temple, Johnny See Girls Against Boys Temple, Michelle See Pere Ubu Tempo, Nino See Nino Tempo & April Stevens Temptations, The 3 Ten Years After 63 Tenacious D 61 10cc 43 Tench, Benmont See Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Tench, Bobby See Humble Pie Teng, Vienna 55 Tennant, Neil See Pet Shop Boys Tennison, Chalee 36

Taylor, Roger Meadows See Queen

Terfel, Bryn 31

Taylor, Roger See Duran Duran Taylor, Roger See Nields, The Taylor, Steve 26 Taylor, Steve See Fugs, The Taylor, Steve See Ray Condo and His Ricochets Taylor, Teresa See Butthole Surfers

Taylor, Cecil 9

Taylor, Terry See Daniel Amos

Taylor, Chad

Taylor, Tim

10,000 Maniacs 3 Tepper, Jeff “Morris” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Terminator X See Public Enemy Terrasson, Jacky 52 Terrell 32 Terrell, Jean See Supremes, The

Terry, Steven See Whiskeytown Terusa, Tony See O.C. Supertones, The

Thomas, David Clayton See Clayton-Thomas, David Thomas, David

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Pere Ubu Thomas, David See Take 6 Thomas, Dennis “D.T.” See Kool & the Gang Thomas, Edward See Fairfield Four Thomas, George “Fathead” See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Thomas, Irma 62 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Thomas, Jacqueline See Brodsky Quartet Thomas, John See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Thomas, Michael Tilson 50 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Thomas, Michael See Brodsky Quartet Thomas, Mickey See Jefferson Starship Thomas, Olice See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Thomas, Ollie See Switches Thomas, Owen See Elms, The Thomas, Paul See Good Charlotte Thomas, Ray See Moody Blues, The Thomas, Richard See Jesus and Mary Chain, The Thomas, Rob See Matchbox 20 Thomas, Rob See String Trio of New York Thomas, Rozonda “Chilli” See TLC Thompson, Beachey See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Thompson, Chester See Tower of Power Thompson, Chester See Weather Report Thompson, Danny See Pentangle Thompson, Dennis See MC5, The Thompson, Dougie See Supertramp Thompson, Hank 43 Thompson, Joe 63 Thompson, Lee See Madness Thompson, Les See Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Thompson, Linda 56 Thompson, Mayo See Pere Ubu

Cumulative Musicians Index • 331

Thompson, Porl See Cure, The Thompson, Richard 7 Also see Fairport Convention Also see Golden Palominos Thompson, Rudi See X-Ray Spex Thompson, Tony See Chic Thompson Twins 43 Thomson, Kristin See Tsunami Thomson, Paul See Franz Ferdinand Thoranisson, Biggi See Gus Gus Thorn, Christopher See Blind Melon Thorn, Stan See Shenandoah Thorn, Tracey See Everything But The Girl Also see Massive Attack Thornalley, Phil See Cure, The Thornburg, Lee See Supertramp Also see Tower of Power Thorne, Rob See Spongetones, The Thornell, Brian See Earlimart Thornhill, Leeroy See Prodigy Thornton, Big Mama 18 Thornton, De’Mario “Raz-B” See B2K Thornton, Kevin “KT” See Color Me Badd Thornton, Melanie See La Bouche Thornton, Melody See Pussycat Dolls, The Thornton, Teri 28 Thornton, Willie Mae See Thornton, Big Mama Thorogood, George 34 Thorton, Blair See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Thrasher, Andrew See Drifters, The Thrasher, Gerhart See Drifters, The Threadgill, Henry 9 Three Days Grace 64 Three Dog Night 5 3 Doors Down 43 Three 6 Mafia 59 3-D See Massive Attack

Thunders, Johnny See New York Dolls Thurier, Blaine See New Pornographers, The Thurston, Aaron See French Kicks T.I. 56 Tichy, John See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Tickner, George See Journey Tielli, Martin See Rheostatics Tiersen, Yann 59 Tiffany 4 Tijuana No! 32 Tikaram, Tanita 9 Til, Sonny See Orioles, The Tilbrook, Glenn 51 Also see Squeeze Tilbury, John See AMM Tiller, Jay See Frogs, The Tiller, Mary See Anointed Tilley, Sandra See Martha and the Vandellas Tillis, Mel 7 Tillis, Pam 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Timbaland 42 Timberlake, Justin 60 Also see ’N Sync Timbuk 3 3 Timmins, Margo See Cowboy Junkies Timmins, Michael See Cowboy Junkies Timmins, Peter See Cowboy Junkies Timmons, Jeff See 98 Degrees Timms, Sally See Mekons, The Tin Hat Trio 41 Tinariwen 62 Tingstad, Eric See Tingstad & Rumbel Tingstad & Rumbel 44

311 20

Tite, Max See Switches

Thompson, Mick See Slipknot

3LW 44

Thompson, Paul See Concrete Blonde Also see Roxy Music

Thünder, Lüpüs See Bloodhound Gang, The

Throwing Muses 15

Thunderbirds are Now! 63

Tinsley, Boyd See Dave Matthews Band

Toad the Wet Sprocket 13 Toback, Jeremy See Brad Tobias, Jesse See Red Hot Chili Peppers Tobin, Amon 32 tobyMac 63 Todd, Andy See Republica Todd, Josh See Buckcherry Todd, Mia Doi 52 Todd, Michael See Coheed and Cambria Todesco, Milo See Down By Law Tokio Hotel 65 Tolhurst, Laurence See Cure, The Tolland, Bryan See Del Amitri Toller, Dan See Allman Brothers, The Tolliver, T.C. See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Tolson, Peter See Pretty Things, The Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers 26 Toma, Andi See Mouse On Mars Tomlin, Chris 63 Tommy, Two-Tone See My Morning Jacket Tommy James and the Shondells 35 Tone-Loc 3 Tong, Matt See Bloc Party Tong, Winston See Tuxedomoon Tonic 32 Tontoh, Frank See Aztec Camera Tony K See Roomful of Blues Tony! Toni! Toné! 12 Too $hort 16 Toogood, Jon See Shihad Toohey, Dan See Guided By Voices

Tippin, Aaron 12

Took, Steve Peregrine See T. Rex

Tipton, Glenn See Judas Priest

Tool 59 Earlier sketch in CM 21

Tirio, Dave See Plain White T’s

Toomey, Jenny 43 Also see Tsunami

Tisdale, Wayman 61

Toorish, Bernie See Four Lads, The

TLC 43 Earlier sketch in CM 15 T-Love 49 To Rococo Rot 31

Tootle, Mark See Seventy Sevens, The Toots and the Maytals 36 Topham, Anthony “Top” See Yardbirds, The

332 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Topper, Sharon See God Is My Co-Pilot Tork, Peter See Monkees, The Torme, Mel 4 Torpey, Frank See Sweet Torpey, Pat See Mr. Big Torrence, Dean See Jan & Dean Torres, Hector “Tico” See Bon Jovi Torres, Miguel See El Gran Combo Torres, Nestor 36 Torres, Randy See Project 86 Torry, Richard See Minty Tortoise 32 Toscanini, Arturo 14 Tosh, Peter 3 Tosh, Stuart See 10cc Toth, Ed See Vertical Horizon Toto, Ray See My Chemical Romance Toure, Ali Farka 57 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Tourish, Ciaran See Altan Toussaint, Allen 11 Tower of Power 40 Towner, Ralph 22 Also see Oregon Townes, Jeffery See DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince Towns, Efrem See Dirty Dozen Brass Band Townshend, Pete 48 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Who, The Townson, Ron See Fifth Dimension Tozzi, Umberto 64 Traa See P.O.D. Traffic 19 Tragically Hip, The 18 Train 33 Trainer, Todd See Shellac

Earlier sketch in CM 29 Travis, Abby See Elastica Travis, Merle 14 Travis, Michael See String Cheese Incident, The Travis, Randy 61 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Traynor, Chris See Gaelic Storm Traynor, Kevin See Divine Comedy, The Treach See Naughty by Nature Treadmill Trackstar 21 Tremonti, Mark See Alter Bridge Tremonti, Mark See Creed Trent, Tyler See Brainiac Trevi, Gloria 29 Tribe Called Quest, A 8 Trick Daddy 28 Trick Pony 42 Tricky 18 Also see Massive Attack Trimble, Vivian See Luscious Jackson Trimm, Rex See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies Trina 41 Tripp, Art “Art Marimba” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Tripping Daisy 60 Tristano, Lennie 30 Tritsch, Christian See Gong Tritt, Travis 54 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Troccoli, Kathy 48 Trohman, Joe See Fall Out Boy Troiano, Dom See James Gang Troilo, Aníbal 58 Trojanowski, Mark See Sister Hazel Trosper, Justin See Unwound Trotter, Kera See C + C Music Factory Trout, Walter 59 Trovesi, Gianluigi 66

Trammell, Mark See Greater Vision

Trower, Robin 58

Traoré, Boubacar 38

Trucks, Butch See Allman Brothers, The

Traore, Rokia 53

Troy, Doris 47

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Suicidal Tendencies Truman, Dan See Diamond Rio Truth Hurts 50 Trynin, Jen 21 Trytten, Lorre Lynn See Willem Breuker Kollektief Tse, Nicholas 44 Tsunami 21 T3 See Slum Village Tubb, Ernest 4 Tubbs, Hubert See Tower of Power Tubridy, Michael See Chieftains, The Tuck & Patti 44 Tucker, Corin See Sleater-Kinney Tucker, Ira See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Tucker, Jim See Turtles, The Tucker, Mick See Sweet Tucker, Moe See Velvet Underground, The Tucker, Sophie 12 Tucker, Tanya 55 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Tucker, William See Ministry Also see Pigface Tufnel, Nigel See Spinal Tap Tull, Bruce See Scud Mountain Boys Tumes, Michelle 37 Tuncboyaciyan, Arto 50 Tunstall, KT 61 Turbin, Neil See Anthrax Turgon, Bruce See Foreigner Turnage, Mark-Anthony 31 Turnbull, Alex See 23 Skidoo Turnbull, Johnny See 23 Skidoo Turner, Alex See Arctic Monkeys Turner, Andy See Plaid Turner, Big Joe 13 Turner, C.F. “Fred” See Bachman-Turner Overdrive Turner, Dale See Oingo Boingo

See Deep Purple Also see Rainbow Turner, Josh 59 Turner, Mark 40 Turner, Mick See Dirty Three Turner, Mike See Our Lady Peace Turner, Nik See Hawkwind Turner, Otha 52 Turner, Robert See Black Rebel Motorcycle Club Turner, Roger 32 Turner, Sam “Segundo” See Rumba Club Turner, Sonny See Platters, The Turner, Steve See Mudhoney Turner, Tina 54 Earlier sketch in CM 29 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina Turpin, Will See Collective Soul Turre, Steve 22 Turrentine, Stanley 42 Turtle Island String Quartet 9 Turtles, The 29 Tutalo, Marianne See Sierra Tutton, Bill See Geraldine Fibbers Tutuska, George See Goo Goo Dolls, The Tuxedomoon 21 TV on the Radio 66 Twain, Shania 42 Earlier sketch in CM 17 Tweedy, James See Bronx, The Tweedy, Jeff See Golden Smog Tweedy, Jeff See Uncle Tupelo Also see Wilco Tweet 55 23, Richard See Front 242 23 Skidoo 31 Twigger, Steve See Gaelic Storm Twist, Nigel See Alarm Twista 54 Twisted Sister 66 Twitty, Conway 6

Turner, Elgin “Masta Killa” See Wu-Tang Clan

Two Dollar Pistols 41

Turner, Erik See Warrant

2D See Gorillaz

Turner, Ike and Tina 24

2Pac 17 Also see Digital Underground

Trautmann, Gene See Queens of the Stone Age

Trucks, Derek 66

Travers, Brian See UB40

Trugoy the Dove See De La Soul

Travers, Mary See Peter, Paul & Mary

Trujillo, Robert See Metallica

Turner, Ike 62 Also see Turner, Ike and Tina

Travis 66

Trujillo, Robert

Turner, Joe Lynn

Truffaz, Erik 54

2 Unlimited 18

Two-Tone Tommy See My Morning Jacket

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Tyagi, Paul See Del Amitri Tyler, Kraig See Crazy Town Tyler, Steve See Aerosmith Tynan, Ronan See Irish Tenors, The Tyner, McCoy 7 Tyner, Rob See MC5, The Tynes, Gunnar Örn See Múm Type O Negative 27 Tyrell, Steve 52 Tyrese 34 Tyson, Ian See Ian and Sylvia Tyson, Ron See Temptations, The UB40 49 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Uchida, Mitsuko 47 Ugwuek, Letitia See Christafari Ulali 38 Ulmer, James Blood 42 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Also see Music Revelation Ensemble Ulrich, Lars See Metallica Ultimate Fakebook 48 Ultravox 38 Ulvaeus, Björn See Abba Umphrey’s McGee 66 Um Romao, Dom See Weather Report Uncle Kracker 42 Uncle Tupelo 37 Undertones, The 39 Underwood, Carrie 63 Underwood, Jacob See O-Town Underwood, Scott See Train Underworld 26 Ungerman, Bill See Royal Crown Revue Unitt, Victor See Pretty Things, The

Ur’as, Ramon See Banda el Recodo Urban, Keith 44 Ure, Midge See Ultravox Urge Overkill 17 Uriah Heep 19 Urie, Brendon See Panic! at the Disco Urlik, Ed See Down By Law U-Roy 37 Usher 50 Earlier sketch in CM 23 US3 18 Utada, Hikaru 62 Utley, Adrian See Portishead Utsler, Joseph See Insane Clown Posse U2 34 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Vaché Jr., Warren 22 Vachon, Chris See Roomful of Blues Vai, Steve 5 Also see Whitesnake Valadez, Paul See Adam Again Valdes, Bebo 42 Valdès, Chucho 25 Vale, Jerry 30 Vale, Mike See Tommy James and the Shondells Valens, Ritchie 23 Valensi, Nick See Strokes, The Valenti, Dino See Quicksilver Messenger Service Valentin, Dave 33 Valentine, Gary See Blondie Valentine, Hilton See Animals, The

Vanilla Ice 6

Valentine, Tsakane See Amici Forever

Unwound 41

Valentino, Sal See Beau Brummels

Upton, Pat See Spiral Starecase Ur’as, Gerardo See Banda el Recodo

Van Hove, Fred 30

Valentine, Kathy See Go-Go’s, The

Unruh, N. U. See Einstürzende Neubauten

Upshaw, Dawn 53 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Van Hook, Peter See Mike & the Mechanics Vanian, David See Damned, The

Valentine, Rae See War

Upchurch, Greg See Puddle of Mudd

See Swell Vallin, Sergio See Maná Valory, Ross See Journey Valtysdottir, Gyda See Múm Valtysdottir, Kristin Anna See Múm Van der Graaf Generator 56 Van Halen 25 Earlier sketch in CM 8 Van Zant 61 Van Asch, Rachel See Mediaeval Baebes Vandenburg, Adrian See Whitesnake Vander Ark, Brad See Verve Pipe, The Vander Ark, Brian See Verve Pipe, The Vandermark, Ken 28 Also see Flying Luttenbachers, The Van der Velden, Mieneke 55 van Dijk, Carol See Bettie Serveert Vandross, Luther 47 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Van Dyk, Paul 35 Van Dyke, Earl See Funk Brothers Vanessa-Mae 26 Van Gelder, Nick See Jamiroquai Vangelis 21 van Giersbergen, Anneka See Gathering, The Van Halen, Alex See Van Halen Van Halen, Edward See Van Halen Van Helden, Armand 32

Valentine, James See Maroon 5

Unknown Hinson 62

Uosikkinen, David See Hooters

Cumulative Musicians Index • 333

Van Leeuwen, Troy See Perfect Circle, A van Lieshout, Lars See Tuxedomoon van Loon, Martine See Gathering, The Vannelli, Gino 52

Van Zandt, Steven 29 Van Zandt, Townes 13 Van Zant, Donnie See Tenacious D Van Zant, Donnie See Van Zant Also see .38 Special Van Zant, Johnny See Van Zant Also see Lynyrd Skynyrd Van Zant, Ronnie See Lynyrd Skynyrd Vargason, Brett See SonicFlood Varilo, Antto See Väarttinä Varnay, Astrid 60 Varone, Phil See Skid Row Väarttinä 49 Vasconcelos, Nana See Codona Vasquez, Junior 16 Vassar, Phil 52 VAST 34 Vatalaro, Chris See Antibalas Vaughan, Jimmie 24 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Vaughan, Sarah 2 Vaughan, Stevie Ray 52 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Vazzano, Frank See Cobra Verde Vear, Craig See Cousteau Vedder, Eddie See Pearl Jam Vega, Bobby See Quicksilver Messenger Service Vega, Suzanne 50 Earlier sketch in CM 3 Vegas, Lolly See Redbone Vegas, Pat See Redbone Velasquez, Jaci 32 Velásquez, Jorge “Norja” See Tijuana No! Velez, Gerardo See Spyro Gyra Velocity Girl 23 Veloso, Caetano 28 Velvet Crush 50 Earlier sketch in CM 28 Velvet Underground, The 7

Valenzuela, Jesse See Gin Blossoms

Van Rensalier, Darnell See Shai

Valley, Jim See Paul Revere & The Raiders

Van Ronk, Dave 12

Venable, Brian See Lucero

Van Shelton, Ricky 5

Venegas, Julieta 62

Valli, Anthony See Crazy Town

Vanucci, Ronnie See Killers, The

Ventures, The 19

Valli, Frankie 10 Also see Four Seasons, The

Van Vliet, Don “Captain Beefheart” See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Vallier, Monte

Verdecchio, Andy See Five Iron Frenzy Verdurmen, Rob See Willem Breuker Kollektief

334 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Verlaine, Tom See Television Vermin, Brian See Screeching Weasel Veronicas, The 63 Verrault, Andre See La Bottine Souriante Verta-Ray, Matt See Madder Rose Vertical Horizon 33 Veruca Salt 20 Verve, The 65 Earlier sketch in CM 18 Verve Pipe, The 20 Vesely, Tim See Rheostatics Vessel, Jerry See Red House Painters Vest, Jesse See Days of the New Also see Tantric Vestine, Henry See Canned Heat Vettese, Peter-John See Jethro Tull Vicious, Sid See Sex Pistols, The Also see Siouxsie and the Banshees Vickers, Robert See Go-Betweens, The Vickrey, Dan See Counting Crows Vicky-T See Cobra Starship Victor, Tommy See Prong Vienna Choir Boys 23 Vig, Butch 17 Also see Garbage Vigdor, Fred See Average White Band Vigilantes of Love 51 Vik, Jorma See Bronx, The Vikedal, Ryan See Nickelback Village People, The 7 Villalobos, Ricardo 53 Villamizar, Jorge See Bacilos Villaneuva, Tony See Derailers, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Waldron, Mal 43

Walker, Clay 20 Walker, Colin See Electric Light Orchestra Walker, Dave See Savoy Brown Walker, Don See Cold Chisel Walker, Ebo See New Grass Revival, The Walker, George 34 Walker, Greg See Fifth Dimension Walker, James See Dixie Hummingbirds, The Walker, Jeff See Imperials, The Walker, Jerry Jeff 13 Walker, Joe Louis 28 Walker, Jon See Panic! at the Disco Walker, Junior 30 Walker, Mark See Oregon Walker, Matt See Filter Also see Smashing Pumpkins Walker, Natalie 65 Walker, Ray See Jordanaires, The Walker, T-Bone 5 Walkmen, The 59 Wall, Jeremy See Spyro Gyra Wall, Lee See Luna Wall, Paul 62 Walla, Chris See Death Cab for Cutie Wallace, Bennie 31 Wallace, Bill See Guess Who Wallace, Ian See King Crimson Wallace, Richard See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Wallace, Sippie 6 Waller, Charlie See Country Gentlemen, The Waller, Dave See Jam, The Waller, Fats 7 Wallflowers, The 20 Wallinger, Karl 11 Also see Waterboys, The Wallis, Gary See 10cc Wallis, Larry See Motörhead

Vines, The 51

Vox, Bono See U2

Waldroup, Jason See Greater Vision

Walls, Chris See Dave Clark Five, The

Vinnie See Naughty by Nature

Vrenna, Chris See Nine Inch Nails

Wales, Ashley See Spring Heel Jack

Walls, Denise “Nee-C” See Anointed

Vinton, Bobby 12 Violent Femmes 12

Vudi See American Music Club

Walford, Britt See Breeders

Walls, Greg See Anthrax

Violent J See Insane Clown Posse

Vynes, Adrian “Adi” See Swervedriver

Walford, Britt See Slint

Walser, Don 35

Vincent, Crawford See Hackberry Ramblers Vincent, Gene 19 Vincent, Rhonda 36 Vincent, Vinnie See Kiss

Virden, Doug See Sons of the Desert Virtanen, Johanna See Väarttinä Virtue, Michael See UB40 Visconti, Tony 53 Visitante See Calle 13 Visser, Peter See Bettie Serveert Vissi, Anna 41 Vitamin C 33 Vito, Rick See Fleetwood Mac Vitous, Mirslav See Weather Report Vitro, Roseanna 49 Vitt, Eamonn See Karate Vives, Carlos 38 Voelz, Susan See Poi Dog Pondering Vogel, Rich See Galactic Vogt, Jeremy See Tonic Voigl, Pete See Swell Voigt, Deborah 42 Volk, Phil See Paul Revere & The Raiders Vollenweider, Andreas 62 Earlier sketch in CM 30 Volman, Mark See Turtles, The Volodos, Arcadi 28 Volpe, Andrew See Ludo Volz, Greg See Petra Volz, Jan Eric See Seventy Sevens, The Von, Eerie See Danzig Von, Jon See Mr. T Experience, The Von Bohlen, Davey See Promise Ring, The Von Frankenstein, Doyle Wolfgang See Misfits, The von Karajan, Herbert 1 von Otter, Anne Sofie 30 von Stade, Frederica 48 von Trapp, Elisabeth 29 Voodoo Glow Skulls 38 Votel, Freddy See Cows, The

Waaktaar, Pal See A-ha Wachtel, Waddy 26 Wachter, Matt See Angels & Airwaves Waddell, Larry See Mint Condition Wade, Adam See Jawbox Also see Shudder to Think Wade, Chrissie See Alien Sex Fiend Wade, Jason See Lifehouse Wade, Nik See Alien Sex Fiend Wadenius, George See Blood, Sweat and Tears Wadephal, Ralf See Tangerine Dream Wagner, Kurt See Lambchop Wagner, Sune See Raveonettes, The Wagoner, Faidest See Soul Stirrers, The Wagoner, Porter 63 Earlier sketch in CM 13 Wahlberg, Donnie See New Kids on the Block Wailer, Bunny 11 Wailing Souls 32 Wainwright, Martha 65 Wainwright, Rufus 29 Wainwright III, Loudon 11 Waist, Brad See Three Days Grace Waits, Tom 61 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Wakeland, Bryan See Tripping Daisy Wakeling, David See English Beat, The Wakeman, Alan See Soft Machine Wakeman, Rick 27 Also see Strawbs Also see Yes Walcott, Collin See Codona Also see Oregon Walden, Narada Michael 14 Walden, Phil 59 Waldman, Clem See Swell

Walsh, Bill

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Cosmic Psychos Walsh, Joe 5 Also see Eagles, The Walsh, Joe See James Gang Walsh, Marty See Supertramp Walsh, Steve See Kansas Walsh, T.W. See Pedro the Lion Walsh, Tim See Brave Combo Walter, Tommy See eels Walter, Weasel See Flying Luttenbachers, The Walters, Josh See Juliana Theory, The Walters, Nathan See Plus One Walters, Pat See Spongetones, The Walters, Richard See Slick Rick Walters, Robert “Patch” See Mystic Revealers Walton, John Ike See 13th Floor Elevators Walton, Mark See Boyzone Walton, Mark See Continental Drifters Walton, Mark See Dream Syndicate Walton, Mark See Giant Sand Walton, William 44 Waltz, Chas See Young Dubliners Wanbdi See Indigenous Wandscher, Phil See Whiskeytown Wannadies, The 29 War 14 Ward, Algy See Damned, The Ward, Alistair See Saints, The Ward, Andy See Bevis Frond Also see Camel Ward, Billy See Knack, The Ward, Bill See Black Sabbath

Cumulative Musicians Index • 335

Ward, Scooter See Cold Ware, Billy See Beausoleil Ware, Martyn See Human League, The Wareham, Dean See Galaxie 500 Also see Luna Warfield, William 33 Wariner, Steve 18 Warmling, Hans See Stranglers, The Warne, John See Relient K Warner, Les See Cult, The Warnes, Jennifer 3 Warnick, Kim See Fastbacks, The Warnock, J.D. See Ultimate Fakebook Waronker, Simon 57 Warrant 17 Warren, Brad See Warren Brothers, The Warren, Brett See Warren Brothers, The Warren, Diane 21 Warren, Ernest See Spaniels, The Warren, George W. See Five Blind Boys of Alabama Warren, Mervyn See Take 6 Warren G 33 Warren Brothers, The 34 Warwick, Clint See Moody Blues, The Warwick, Dionne 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Was, David See Was (Not Was) Was, Don 21 Also see Was (Not Was) Was (Not Was) 6 Wash, Martha See C + C Music Factory Wash, Martha See Weather Girls, The Washington, Chester See Earth, Wind and Fire Washington, Dinah 5 Washington, Grover, Jr. 5 Also see Urban Knights Washington, Jayotis See Persuasions, The Wasserman, Greg “Noodles” See Offspring Wasserman, Kevin See Offspring

Waters, Ethel 11 Waters, Muddy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 4 Waters, Roger 61 Also see Pink Floyd Waters, Wilson See Fairfield Four Watkins, Christopher See Cabaret Voltaire Watkins, Sara See Nickel Creek Watkins, Sean See Nickel Creek Watkins, Tionne “T-Boz” See TLC Watley, Jody 26 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Watson, Bruce See Big Country Watson, Darren See Crash Vegas Watson, Doc 59 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Watson, Guy See Surfaris, The Watson, Ivory See Ink Spots Watson, Johnny “Guitar” 41 Watson, Rob See Daniel Amos Watson, Russell 37 Watson, Valerie See Club Nouveau Watt, Ben See Everything But The Girl Watt, Mike 22 Also see fIREHOSE Also see Minutemen, The Watters, Sam See Color Me Badd Watts, Bari See Bevis Frond Watts, Charlie 52 Also see Rolling Stones, The Watts, Eugene See Canadian Brass, The Watts, Lou See Chumbawamba Watts, Pete “Overend” See Mott the Hoople Watts, Raymond See KMFDM Watts, Robbie See Cosmic Psychos Watts, Todd See Emmet Swimming Way, Gerard See My Chemical Romance Way, Mikey See My Chemical Romance

See Petra Weaver, Mark A. See Two Dollar Pistols Weavers, The 8 Webb, Bob See James Gang Webb, Bryan See Constantines, The Webb, Chick 14 Webb, Christiaan See Webb Brothers, The Webb, Dean See Dillards, The Webb, Derek See Caedmon’s Call Webb, James See Webb Brothers, The Webb, Jimmy 12 Webb, Justin See Webb Brothers, The Webb, Nick See Acoustic Alchemy Webb, Paul See Talk Talk Webb Brothers, The 57 Webber, Andrew Lloyd See Lloyd Webber, Andrew Webber, Mark See Pulp Weber, Eberhard 41 Webster, Andrew See Tsunami Wedding Present, The 28 Wedgwood, Mike See Caravan Wedren, Craig See Shudder to Think Ween 30 Weepies, The 66 Weezer 52 Earlier sketch in CM 20 Wegelin, Aaron See Elf Power Wehmeyer, Steve See Gaelic Storm Wehner, Marty See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Wehrle, Dallas See Constantines, The

Wayne, Jimmy 66

Ward, Jim See At The Drive-In

Watanabe, Sadao 39

Weather Report 19

Waterboys, The 27

Weather Girls, The 52

Weiss, Janet See Quasi Also see Sleater-Kinney

Ward, M. 66

Watermark 43

Ward, Michael See Wallflowers, The

Waters, Benny 58

Weaver, Blue See Strawbs

Weiss, Liz See Shangri-Las, The

Waters, Crystal 15

Weaver, Louie

Weiss, Mary

Ward, Jason See Flotsam and Jetsam Ward, Jeremy See Mars Volta, The

Weider, John See Animals, The Weiland, Scott See Stone Temple Pilots Weill, Kurt 12 Weinzierl, John See Amon Duul II Weir, Bob See Grateful Dead, The Weiser, Ronny 58

336 • Cumulative Musicians Index

See Shangri-Las, The Weissman, Marco See Waterboys, The Welch, Bob See Fleetwood Mac Welch, Brian See Korn Welch, Bruce See Shadows, The Welch, Elisabeth 50 Welch, Gillian 33 Welch, Justin See Elastica Welch, Mcguinness See Lords of Acid Welch, Sean See Beautiful South Welk, Lawrence 13 Weller, Freddy See Paul Revere & The Raiders Weller, Paul 14 Also see Jam, The Weller, Paul 65 Wells, Bill 34 Wells, Cory See Three Dog Night Wells, Junior 17 Wells, Kitty 6 Wells, Mary 51 Welnick, Vince See Grateful Dead, The Welsh, Alan See Aztec Camera Welsh, David See Fray, The Welsh, Mikey See Weezer Welty, Ron See Offspring Wemba, Papa 40 Wenberg, Erik See Emmet Swimming Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics 26 Wengren, Mike See Disturbed Wenner, Niko See Swell Wentz, Peter See Fall Out Boy Werner, Joe See Hackberry Ramblers Werner, Mike See Handsome Family, The

See Cherry Poppin’ Daddies West, Dottie 8 West, Duane See Jordanaires, The West, Kanye 58 West, Leslie 59 West, Leslie See Mountain West, Lizzie 62 West, Riff See Molly Hatchet West, Sandy See Runaways, The West, Speedy 47 West, Steve See Pavement West Virginia Creeper See Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen Westbrook, Jimi See Little Big Town Westerberg, Paul 26 Also see Replacements, The Westerhoff, Gay-Yee See Bond Westfield, Ricky See Kool & the Gang Westlake, Dave See Sneaker Pimps Westlife 33 Westman, Danny See Down By Law Weston See Orb, The Weston, Bob See Mission of Burma Weston, Randy 15 Weston, Robert See Shellac West-Oram, Jamie See Fixx, The Westrich, Cherielynn See Rentals, The Westrum, Brian See Sons of the Desert Wettlin, Julian See Thunderbirds are Now! Wetton, John See Asia Wetton, John See King Crimson Wexler, Jerry 15

Werner, Susan 54

Weymouth, Tina See Gorillaz Also see Talking Heads

Werts, Tavis See Reel Big Fish

Wez See Carter USM

Wertz, Jenn See Rusted Root

Whalen, Katharine See Squirrel Nut Zippers

Wertz, Kenny See Flying Burrito Brothers

Whalley, Dennis See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Wesson, Steve See Flatlanders, The

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

White, Dookie See Rainbow

White, Karyn 21 White, Lari 15 White, Mark See Mekons, The Also see Spin Doctors White, Maurice See Earth, Wind and Fire White, Maurice See Earth, Wind and Fire Also see Urban Knights White, Meg See White Stripes, The White, Ralph See Bad Livers, The White, Richard See Paul Revere & The Raiders White, Robert See Funk Brothers Also see Paul Revere & The Raiders White, Roland See Nashville Bluegrass Band White, Tony Joe 61 White, Tony See Acoustic Alchemy White, Verdine See Earth, Wind and Fire White, Will See Propellerheads White Zombie 17 Whitehead, Donald See Earth, Wind and Fire Whiteman, Andrew See Broken Social Scene Whiteman, Paul 17 Whitener, Todd See Days of the New Whitener, Todd See Tantric Whitesnake 5 White Stripes, The 39 Whitfield, Mark 18 Whitfield, Norman 66 Whitfield, Weslia 39 Whitford, Brad See Aerosmith Whiting, Margaret 28 Whitley, Chris 58 Earlier sketch in CM 16 Whitley, Keith 7 Whitman, Slim 19 Whitmore, William Elliott 66

White, Freddie See Earth, Wind and Fire

Whittaker, Amy See Eisley

White, Jack See Raconteurs, The

Whittaker, Hudson 20

White, Jack See White Stripes, The

Whitten, Chris See Dire Straits

White, Jay See Chanticleer

Whittington, Melvan See Love

White, Jeordie See Perfect Circle, A

Whitwam, Barry See Herman’s Hermits Whity, Damien “Whit” See Spiderbait

See Tesla Wheatbread, Paul See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Wheeler, Audrey See C + C Music Factory Wheeler, Caron See Soul II Soul Wheeler, Cheryl 43 Wheeler, Harriet See Sundays, The Wheeler, Nick See All-American Rejects, The Wheeler, Robert See Pere Ubu Wheeler, Tim See Ash Whelan, Bill 20 Whelan, Gavan See James Whibley, Deryck “Bizzy D” See Sum 41 Whimley, Damon See Fat Boys, The Whiskeytown 44 Whitaker, Rodney 20 Whitaker, Yolanda See Yo Yo White, Alan See Oasis White, Alan See Yes White, Andrew See Kaiser Chiefs White, Barry 6 White, Billy See Dokken White, Bukka 57 White, Charlie See Clovers, The White, Chris See Dire Straits White, Chris See Zombies, The White, Clarence See Byrds, The White, Dave See Warrant White, Dennis See Charm Farm

Whalum, Kirk 39

White, Jim 40

West, Andy See Dixie Dregs

Wharton, Dianaruthe See Sweet Honey in the Rock

White, Jim See Dirty Three

West, Brian

Wheat, Brian

White, Josh 55

Whittaker, Roger 41

Who, The 3 Wichnewski, Stephen

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Yo La Tengo Wickham, Steve See Waterboys, The Widenhouse, Je See Squirrel Nut Zippers Widespread Panic 39 Wiedlin, Jane See Go-Go’s, The Wieneke, Paul See Loud Family, The Wiesner, Dietmar See Ensemble Modern Wiget, Ueli See Ensemble Modern Wiggin, Betty See Shaggs, The Wiggin, Dorothy See Shaggs, The Wiggin, Helen See Shaggs, The Wiggins, Dwayne See Tony! Toni! Toné! Wiggins, Raphael See Tony! Toni! Toné! Wiggles, The 42 Wiggs, Josephine See Breeders Wiggs, Pete See Saint Etienne Wikso, Ron See Foreigner Wiksten, Pär See Wannadies, The Wilbanks, Scotty See NewSong Wilborn, Dave See McKinney’s Cotton Pickers Wilborn, Marshall See Lynn Morris Band Wilbur, James “Jim” See Superchunk Wilburn, Doyle See Wilburn Brothers, The Wilburn, Ishmael See Weather Report Wilburn, Teddy See Wilburn Brothers, The Wilburn Brothers, The 45 Wilco 47 Earlier sketch in CM 27 Wilcox, David 38 Wilcox, Imani See Pharcyde, The Wild, Chuck See Missing Persons Wild Strawberries 60 Wilde, Danny See Rembrandts, The Wilde, Phil See 2 Unlimited

Wildwood, Michael See D Generation Wiley, Derek “Dirt” See Rebirth Brass Band Wiley, Howard See Lavay Smith and Her Red Hot Skillet Lickers Wiley, Isaac See Dazz Band Wiley, Michael See Dazz Band Wilhelm, Mike See Charlatans, The Wilhelm, Mike See Flamin’ Groovies Wilk, Brad See Audioslave Wilk, Brad See Rage Against the Machine Wilkeson, Leon See Lynyrd Skynyrd Wilkie, Chris See Dubstar Wilkie, Franklin See Marshall Tucker Band Wilkinson, Amanda See Wilkinsons, The Wilkinson, Geoff See US3 Wilkinson, Keith See Squeeze Wilkinson, Kevin See Waterboys, The Wilkinson, Peter See Saints, The Wilkinson, Steve See Wilkinsons, The Wilkinson, Tyler See Wilkinsons, The Wilkinsons, The 30 Will, David See Imperials, The Willard, Atom See Angels & Airwaves Willem Breuker Kollektief 28 Will.I.Am See Black Eyed Peas Williams, Adam “Adam 12” See Powerman 5000 Williams, Andre 60 Williams, Andy 2 Williams, Andy See Casting Crowns Williams, Andy See Doves Williams, Boris See Cure, The Williams, Brian “Baby” See Big Tymers, The Williams, Claude “Fiddler” 42

Cumulative Musicians Index • 337

Williams, Don 4 Williams, Eric See Blackstreet Williams, Fred See C + C Music Factory Williams, Hank, III 38 Williams, Hank, Jr. 1 Williams, Hank, Sr. 4 Williams, Hayley See Paramore Williams, J. 63 Williams, James “Diamond” See Ohio Players Williams, Jessica 39 Williams, Jez See Doves Williams, Jody 51 Williams, Joe 11 Williams, John 28 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Williams, John See Solas Williams, Kiely See 3LW Williams, Lamar See Allman Brothers, The Williams, Lenny See Tower of Power Williams, Lucinda 24 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Marion 15 Williams, Mars See Liquid Soul Williams, Mary Lou 51 Williams, Michelle See Destiny’s Child Williams, Milan See Commodores, The Williams, Otis See Temptations, The Williams, Paul 26 Earlier sketch in CM 5 Williams, Paul See Temptations, The Williams, Pete See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Williams, Pharrell See N.E.R.D. Williams, Pharrell See Neptunes, The Williams, Phillard See Earth, Wind and Fire

Williams, “Slim” and “Baby” 31 Williams, Stokley See Mint Condition Williams, Terry See Dire Straits Williams, Tommy See Radio 4 Williams, Tony 6 Williams, Tony See Platters, The Williams, Vanessa 54 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Williams, Victoria 17 Williams, Walter See O’Jays, The Williams, Wendy O. See Wendy O. Williams and The Plasmatics Williams, Wilbert See Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Williams, William Elliot See Artifacts Williams, Willie See Fifth Dimension Williams, Yasmeen See Sweet Honey in the Rock Williamson, Gloria See Martha and the Vandellas Williamson, Malcolm 45 Williamson, Robin 39 Also see Incredible String Band Williamson, Sonny Boy 9 Willie D. See Geto Boys, The Willie the New Guy See Bloodhound Gang, The Willis, Clarence “Chet” See Ohio Players Willis, Cody See Murder City Devils Willis, Eddie See Funk Brothers Willis, Kelly 48 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Willis, Larry See Blood, Sweat and Tears Willis, Pete See Def Leppard Willis, Rick See Foreigner Willis, Victor See Village People, The

Williams, Ralph See Orioles, The

Willis, Wesley 51

Williams, Rich See Kansas

Wills, Aaron (P-Nut) See 311

Williams, Robbie 60 Earlier sketch in CM 25 Williams, Robert See Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band

Wilder, Alan See Depeche Mode

Williams, Cliff See AC/DC

Wilder, Philip See Chanticleer

Williams, Dana See Diamond Rio

Wilder, Webb 55

Williams, Dar 21

Williams, Sam, III See Down By Law

Wildhorn, Frank 31

Williams, Deniece 1

Williams, Saul 57

Williams, Rozz See Christian Death

Willner, Hal 10

Wills, Bob 6 Wills, David See Negativland Wills, Mark 27 Wills, Rick See Bad Company Willson-Piper, Marty See Church, The Willsteed, John See Go-Betweens, The

338 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Wilmot, Billy “Mystic” See Mystic Revealers Wilson, Alan See Canned Heat Wilson, Anne See Heart Wilson, Brian 52 Earlier sketch in CM 24 Also see Beach Boys, The Wilson, Carl See Beach Boys, The Wilson, Carnie See Wilson Phillips Wilson, Cassandra 26 Earlier sketch in CM 12 Wilson, Charlie 51 Wilson, Charlie See Gap Band, The Wilson, Chris See Flamin’ Groovies Wilson, Chris See Good Charlotte Wilson, Chris See Love Spit Love Wilson, Cindy See B-52’s, The Wilson, Dan See Semisonic Wilson, Dave See Chatham County Line Wilson, Dennis See Beach Boys, The Wilson, Don See Ventures, The Wilson, Eric See Long Beach Dub All Stars Wilson, Eric See Sublime Wilson, Gerald 19 Wilson, Greg See Spoon Wilson, Gretchen 52 Wilson, “Hawk” Shaw See BR5-49 Wilson, Jackie 3 Wilson, Joe See Sneaker Pimps Wilson, Jonathan See Eisley Wilson, Kim 48 Also see Fabulous Thunderbirds, The Wilson, Mark See Jet Wilson, Mary See Supremes, The Wilson, Nancy See Heart Wilson, Nancy 28 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Wilson, Orlandus See Golden Gate Quartet Wilson, Patrick See Rentals, The Also see Weezer Wilson, Paul

See Flamingos, The Wilson, Paul See Snow Patrol Wilson, Ransom 5 Wilson, Ricky See B-52’s, The Wilson, Ricky See Kaiser Chiefs Wilson, Robert See Gap Band, The Wilson, Robin See Gin Blossoms Wilson, Ronnie See Gap Band, The Wilson, Ron See Surfaris, The Wilson, Shanice See Shanice Wilson, Sid See Slipknot Wilson, Terry See Charlatans, The Wilson, Wendy See Wilson Phillips Wilson Phillips 5 Wilson-James, Victoria See Shamen, The Also see Soul II Soul Wilson-Piper, Marty See Cameo Wilton, Michael See Queensryche Wimmer, Kevin See Balfa Toujours Wimpfheimer, Jimmy See Roomful of Blues Winans, BeBe and CeCe 32 Winans, Carvin See Winans, The Winans, Mario 50 Winans, Marvin See Winans, The Winans, Michael See Winans, The Winans, Ronald See Winans, The Winans, The 12 Winbush, Angela 15 Winding, Kai 35 Winehouse, Amy 61 Winfield, Chuck See Blood, Sweat and Tears Wingo, Richard See Jagged Edge Wink, Chris See Blue Man Group Wink, Josh 44

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Wolstencraft, Simon See Fall, The

Earlier sketch in CM 17 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wonder, Wayne 43 Wonder Mike See Sugarhill Gang Wong, Matt See Reel Big Fish Woo, John See Magnetic Fields, The Wood, Chris See Medeski, Martin & Wood Wood, Chris See Traffic Wood, Danny See ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Wood, Danny See New Kids on the Block Wood, Jim See Dishwalla Wood, Ron 56 Also see Faces, The Also see Rolling Stones, The Wood, Roy See Electric Light Orchestra Wood, Stephen See Destroyer Woodgate, Dan See Madness Woodruff, J.T. See Hawthorne Heights Woods, Adam See Fixx, The Woods, Gay See Steeleye Span Woods, Phil 57 Woods, Terry See Pogues, The Also see Steeleye Span Woodson, Ollie See Temptations, The Woods-Wright, Tomica 22 Woodward, Alun See Delgados, The Woodward, Keren See Bananarama Woody, Allen See Allman Brothers, The Also see Gov’t Mule Woolfolk, Andrew See Earth, Wind and Fire

Wolstenholme, Chris See Muse

Woolstenhulme, Rick See Lifehouse

Wolters, John See Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show

Woolstenhulme, Sean See Lifehouse

Earlier sketch in CM 5 Winter, Kurt See Guess Who Winter, Paul 10 Winterhart, Paul See Kula Shaker Winthrop, Dave See Supertramp Winwood, Muff See Spencer Davis Group Winwood, Steve 2 Also see Spencer Davis Group Also see Traffic Wire 29 Wire, Nicky See Manic Street Preachers Wirtz, Billy 62 Wise, Josh See French Kicks Wiseman, Bobby See Beck Wiseman, Bobby See Blue Rodeo Wiseman, Gary See Bowling for Soup Wiseman, Mac 19 Wishart, Bridgette See Hawkwind WishBone See Bone Thugs-N-Harmony Wisniewski, Tom See MxPx Withem, Gary See Gary Puckett and the Union Gap Withers, Bill 54 Withers, Pick See Dire Straits Witherspoon, Jimmy 19 Witherspoon, Lajon See Sevendust Wolf, Kurt See Boss Hog Wolf, Peter 31 Wolf, Peter See J. Geils Band Wolfe, Gerald See Greater Vision Wolff, Christian 38

Womack, Bobby 5

Woomble, Roddy See Idlewild

Winkler, Austin See Hinder

Womack, Drew See Sons of the Desert

Workhorse Movement, The 30

Winley, Harold See Clovers, The

Womack, Lee Ann 65 Earlier sketch in CM 33

Worley, Chris See Jackyl

Winokur, Ken See Alloy Orchestra

Womack, Solomon See Swan Silvertones, The

Winston, George 43 Earlier sketch in CM 9

Womack, Tim See Sons of the Desert

Winter, Johnny 58

Wonder, Stevie 62

World Saxophone Quartet 39

Worley, Darryl 45 Worley, Jeff See Jackyl Worrell, Bernie 11 Also see Golden Palominos

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

Wozniak, John See Marcy Playground Wray, Link 17 Wreede, Katrina See Turtle Island String Quartet Wren, Alan See Stone Roses, The Wretzky, D’Arcy See Smashing Pumpkins Wright, Adrian See Human League, The Wright, Aggi See Pastels, The Wright, Chely 35 Wright, David “Blockhead” See English Beat, The Wright, David See Flamin’ Groovies Wright, Finbar See Irish Tenors, The Wright, Heath See Ricochet Wright, Hugh See Boy Howdy Wright, Jaguar 57 Wright, Jimmy See Sounds of Blackness Wright, Kevin See Rockapella Wright, Lizz 56 Wright, Natascha See La Bouche Wright, Norma Jean See Chic Wright, Norman See Country Gentlemen, The Also see Del Vikings, The Wright, Rick 65 Also see Pink Floyd Wright, Simon See AC/DC Wright, Tim See Pere Ubu Wrigley, Bernard 58 Wu, Reuben See Ladytron Wu, Tim See Long Beach Dub All Stars Wupass, Reverend See Rube Waddell Wurster, Jon See Superchunk Wurzel See Motörhead Wusthoff, Gunter See Faust Wu-Tang Clan 19 Wuv See P.O.D. Wyatt, Keith See Blasters, The

See Bill Wyman & the Rhythm Kings Also see Rolling Stones, The Wyndorf, Dave See Monster Magnet Wynette, Tammy 24 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Wynn, Steve 31 Wynn, Steve See Dexy’s Midnight Runners Wynn, Steve See Dream Syndicate Wynne, Philippe See Spinners, The Wynonna 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11 Also see Judds, The Wysocki, Ben See Fray, The Wysocki, Jon See Staind X 11 Xefos, Chris See King Missile Xenakis, Iannis 34 X-Ray Spex 31 XTC 26 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Xzibit 31 Ya Kid K See Technotronic Yale, Brian See Matchbox 20 Yamagata, Rachael 66 Yamaguchi, Yoshiko See 5,6,7,8’s, The Yamamoto, Hiro See Soundgarden Yamamoto, Moog See Buffalo Daughter Yamamoto, Seichi See Boredoms, The Yamano, Atsuko See Shonen Knife Yamano, Naoko See Shonen Knife Yamashita, Kazuhito 4 Yamataka, Eye See Boredoms, The Yamauchi, Tetsu See Faces, The Also see Free Yamazaki, Iwao See Ghost Yancey, Jimmy 54 Yang, Naomi See Damon and Naomi Also see Galaxie 500 Yankovic, “Weird Al” 48 Earlier sketch in CM 7 Yannatou, Savina 48

Wyatt, Kimberly See Pussycat Dolls, The

Yanni 51 Earlier sketch in CM 11

Wyatt, Robert 24 Also see Soft Machine

Yanovsky, Zal See Lovin’ Spoonful

Wyman, Bill

Yarbrough, Glenn

Cumulative Musicians Index • 339

See Limeliters, The Yardbirds, The 10 Yaro, Chad See Face to Face Yarrow, Peter See Peter, Paul & Mary Yates, Bill See Country Gentlemen, The Yates, Stephen See Mediaeval Baebes Yauch, Adam See Beastie Boys Yeah Yeah Yeahs 59 Yearsley, Thomas See Paladins, The Yearwood, Trisha 25 Earlier sketch in CM 10 Yella See N.W.A. Yellowcard 52 Yellowjackets 36 Yellowman 42 Yes 8 Yester, Jerry See Lovin’ Spoonful Yester, Jim See Association, The Yeston, Maury 22 Yi, Chen 51 Ying Yang Twins 57 Yo La Tengo 24 Yo Yo 9 Yoakam, Dwight 60 Earlier sketch in CM 21 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Yoot, Tukka See US3 York, Andrew 15 York, John See Byrds, The York, Paul See Dillards, The York, Pete See Spencer Davis Group York, Preston See Fairfield Four Yorke, Thom E. See Radiohead Yorke, Thom See Radiohead Yorn, Pete 45 Yoshida, Tatsuya See Flying Luttenbachers, The Yoshikawa, Toyohito See Boredoms, The Yoshimi See Boredoms, The Yoshinaga, SuGar See Buffalo Daughter You Am I 35 Youlden, Chris See Savoy Brown

Young, Brian See Fountains of Wayne Young, Cliff See Caedmon’s Call Young, Curtis See Jordanaires, The Young, Danielle See Caedmon’s Call Young, Faron 7 Young, Fred See Kentucky Headhunters, The Young, Gary See Pavement Young, Grant See Soul Asylum Young, Jacob 64 Young, James See Styx Young, Jeff See Megadeth Young, La Monte 16 Young, Lester 14 Young, Malcolm See AC/DC Young, Neil 59 Earlier sketch in CM 15 Earlier sketch in CM 2 Also see Buffalo Springfield Young, Paul See Mike & the Mechanics Young, Richard See Kentucky Headhunters, The Young, Robert “Throbert” See Primal Scream Young, Tata 61 Young Dubliners 58 Young Jeezy 61 Young M.C. 4 Youngblood, Mary 62 Youth See Killing Joke Youth, Todd See D Generation Youth Group 62 Youtz, Raif See Built to Spill Yow, David See Jesus Lizard Yseult, Sean See White Zombie Yslas, Ray See Rippingtons Yttling, Björn See Peter Bjorn and John Yule, Doug See Velvet Underground, The Yuro, Timi 60 Z, Rachel 40 Zaa, Charlie 51 Zaakir/Soup See Jurassic 5 Zamfir, Gheorghe 41

Young, Adrian See No Doubt

Zamora, Tye See Alien Ant Farm

Young, Angus See AC/DC

Zander, Robin See Cheap Trick

340 • Cumulative Musicians Index

Zankey, Glen See Bluegrass Patriots Zap Mama 51 Earlier sketch in CM 14 Zappa, Frank 17 Earlier sketch in CM 1 Zatarain, Conrado See Banda el Recodo Zawinul, Joe 63 Zawinul, Josef See Weather Report Zazeela, Marian 49 Zé, Tom 43 Zedek, Thalia 52 Zehr, Joey See Click Five, The

Zehringer, Randy See McCoys, The Zender, Stuart See Jamiroquai Zenón, Miguel 65 Zero 7 49 Zevon, Warren 48 Earlier sketch in CM 9 Zhane 22 Zilinskas, Annette See Bangles, The Zim Zum See Marilyn Manson Zimmer, Hans 34 Zimmerman, Udo 5 Zinner, Nicolas

Contemporary Musicians • Volume 66

See Yeah Yeah Yeahs Ziporyn, Evan See Bang on a Can All-Stars Ziskrout, Jay See Bad Religion Zombie, Rob 47 Also see White Zombie Zombies, The 56 Earlier sketch in CM 23 Zonjic, Alexander 53 Zoom, Billy See X Zorn, John 15 Also see Golden Palominos Also see Music Revelation Ensemble

Zoyes, Dino See Charm Farm Zuccaro, Steve See Charm Farm Zukerman, Pinchas 4 Zulu, Ras I See Spearhead Zumberovic, Nedzat See Boban Markovic Orkestar Zumpano, Jason See Destroyer Zuniga, Alex See Tijuana No! Zuniga, Miles See Fastball ZZ Top 2