King Henry VI,Part I (Webster's French Thesaurus Edition)

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KING HENRY VI, PART I WEBSTER'S FRENCH Thesaurus Edition

for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

TOEFL, TOEIC, AP and Advanced Placement are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

King Henry VI, Part I Webster's French Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

William Shakespeare

TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

ii ICON CLASSICS Published by ICON Group International, Inc. 7404 Trade Street San Diego, CA 92121 USA www.icongrouponline.com King Henry VI, Part I: Webster's French Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOEFL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005 Printed in the United States of America. Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc. Edited by Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. (INSEAD); Copyright ©2005, all rights reserved. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved. ISBN 0-497-25693-2

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Contents PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR ........................................................................................ 1 PERSONS REPRESENTED .............................................................................................. 2 ACT I .............................................................................................................................. 4 ACT II ........................................................................................................................... 32 ACT III .......................................................................................................................... 56 ACT IV .......................................................................................................................... 80 ACT V ......................................................................................................................... 105 GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................. 132

William Shakespeare

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PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently assigned readings in English courses. By using a running English-to-French thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this edition of King Henry VI, Part I by William Shakespeare was edited for three audiences. The first includes French-speaking students enrolled in an English Language Program (ELP), an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) program, an English as a Second Language Program (ESL), or in a TOEFL® or TOEIC® preparation program. The second audience includes English-speaking students enrolled in bilingual education programs or French speakers enrolled in English speaking schools. The third audience consists of students who are actively building their vocabularies in French in order to take foreign service, translation certification, Advanced Placement® (AP®)1 or similar examinations. By using the Webster's French Thesaurus Edition when assigned for an English course, the reader can enrich their vocabulary in anticipation of an examination in French or English. Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of difficult and potentially ambiguous English words. Rare or idiosyncratic words and expressions are given lower priority compared to “difficult, yet commonly used” words. Rather than supply a single translation, many words are translated for a variety of meanings in French, allowing readers to better grasp the ambiguity of English, and avoid them using the notes as a pure translation crutch. Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within context serves to improve vocabulary retention and understanding. Each page covers words not already highlighted on previous pages. If a difficult word is not translated on a page, chances are that it has been translated on a previous page. A more complete glossary of translations is supplied at the end of the book; translations are extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary. Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-onlinedictionary.org. Please send suggestions to [email protected] The Editor Webster’s Online Dictionary www.websters-online-dictionary.org

TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved. 1

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King Henry VI, Part I

PERSONS

%REPRESENTED

KING HENRY the Sixth DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, uncle to the King, and Protector DUKE OF BEDFORD, uncle to the King, and Regent of France THOMAS BEAUFORT, Duke of Exeter, great-uncle to the King HENRY BEAUFORT, great-uncle to the King, Bishop of Winchester, and afterwards Cardinal JOHN BEAUFORT, Earl, afterwards Duke, of Somerset RICHARD PLANTAGENET, son of Richard, late Earl of Cambridge, afterwards Duke of York EARL OF WARWICK EARL OF SALISBURY EARL OF SUFFOLK LORD TALBOT, afterwards Earl of Shrewbury JOHN TALBOT, his son EDMUND MORTIMER, Earl of March SIR JOHN FASTOLFE SIR WILLIAM LUCY SIR WILLIAM GLANSDALE SIR THOMAS GARGRAVE Mayor of London WOODVILLE, Lieutenant of the Tower VERNON, of the White-Rose or York faction BASSET, of the Red-Rose or Lancaster faction A LAWYER, MORTIMER'S KEEPERS CHARLES, Dauphin, and afterwards King, of France REIGNIER, Duke of Anjou, and titular King of Naples DUKE OF BURGUNDY DUKE OF ALENCON

French afterwards: après, ensuite, puis, par la suite, plus tard. faction: faction, parti. late: tard, tardif, en retard. son: fils. titular: titulaire. uncle: oncle.

William Shakespeare

BASTARD %OF ORLEANS GOVERNOR OF PARIS MASTER-GUNNER OF ORLEANS and his SON GENERAL of the French forces in Bordeaux A FRENCH SERGEANT A PORTER AN OLD SHEPHERD, father to Joan la Pucelle MARGARET, daughter to Reignier, afterwards married to King Henry COUNTESS OF AUVERGNE JOAN LA PUCELLE, Commonly called Joan of Arc LORDS, WARDERS OF THE TOWER, HERALDS, OFFICERS, SOLDIERS, MESSENGERS, and ATTENDANTS FIENDS appearing to La Pucelle

French afterwards: après, ensuite, puis, par la suite, plus tard. appearing: apparaissant. daughter: fille, la fille. forces: force. married: marié, se marièrent, vous mariâtes, te marias, me mariai, nous mariâmes, se maria, se marié, mariée, mariés, épousas.

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King Henry VI, Part I

ACT I

SCENE%I WESTMINSTER ABBEY. Dead March. Enter the funeral of KING HENRY THE FIFTH, attended on by the DUKE OF BEDFORD, REGENT OF FRANCE; the DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, PROTECTOR; THE DUKE OF EXETER, the EARL OF WARWICK, the BISHOP OF WINCHESTER, HERALDS, etc. BEDFORD. Hung be the heavens with black, yield day to night! Comets, importing change of times and states, Brandish your crystal tresses in the sky, And with them scourge the bad revolting stars That have consented unto Henry's death! King Henry the Fifth, too famous to live long! England ne'er lost a king of so much worth. GLOUCESTER. England ne'er had a king until his time. Virtue he had, deserving to command: His brandish'd sword did blind men with his beams: His arms spread wider than a dragon's wings;

French arms: bras, arme. attended: assisté, soignas, soignâtes, assista, assistai, assistâmes, assistas, assistâtes, assistèrent, soigna, soignai. bad: mauvais, méchant, mal. blind: aveugle, éblouir, aveugler, store, éblouissons, aveuglez, aveuglent, éblouissez, aveugles, éblouissent, éblouis. consented: consenti. crystal: cristal, quartz. deserving: méritant, méritoire.

etc: etc. funeral: enterrement, obsèques, funérailles, funéraire. heavens: cieux. importing: importation. king: roi, dame. lost: perdîtes, perdîmes, perdirent, perdit, perdis, perdu, perdus, non vu. revolting: révoltant. scourge: fléau, plaie, fouet. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. wider: largeur supérieure.

worth: valeur, mérite. yield: rendement, céder, cèdent, cèdes, cédez, cédons, cède, abandonner, produire, abdiquer, reculer.

William Shakespeare

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His sparkling eyes, replete with wrathful fire, More dazzled and drove back his enemies Than mid-day sun fierce bent against their faces. What should I say? his deeds exceed all speech: He ne'er lift up his hand but conquered.% EXETER. We mourn in black: why mourn we not in blood? Henry is dead and never shall revive: Upon a wooden coffin we attend, And death's dishonourable victory We with our stately presence glorify, Like captives bound to a triumphant car. What! shall we curse the planets of mishap That plotted thus our glory's overthrow? Or shall we think the subtle-witted French Conjurers and sorcerers, that afraid of him By magic verses have contriv'd his end? WINCHESTER. He was a king bless'd of the King of kings; Unto the French the dreadful judgment-day So dreadful will not be as was his sight. The battles of the Lord of hosts he fought: The Church's prayers made him so prosperous. GLOUCESTER. The church! where is it? Had not churchmen pray'd, His thread of life had not so soon decay'd: None do you like but an effeminate prince, Whom, like a school-boy, you may over-awe. WINCHESTER. Gloucester, whate'er we like, thou art Protector, And lookest to command the Prince and realm.

French afraid: timide, peureux, effrayé. bent: courbé, courbe, courbai, disposition, cambrai, penché. bound: bond, lié, limite, relié. coffin: cercueil. curse: maudire, blasphémer, malédiction. dishonourable: déshonorant. dreadful: terrible, affreux, épouvantable. drove: conduisirent, conduisîtes, poussèrent, poussâtes, poussas,

poussâmes, poussai, poussa, conduisit, conduisis, conduisîmes. effeminate: efféminé. exceed: dépasser, dépasses, dépasse, dépassez, dépassent, dépassons, excéder, dominer, excède, excèdes, outrepasser. fierce: féroce, violent. magic: magie, magique. mourn: regretter, regrettes, regrettez, regrettent, regrette, regrettons. planets: planètes.

plotted: tracé. prayers: prières. prosperous: prospère. replete: rassasié, rempli. sparkling: étincelant, brillant, mousseux, pétillant. stately: imposant. thou: tu, vous, toi. thread: fil, filet, enfiler, fileter, filetage. triumphant: triomphant, triomphal. wooden: de bois, en bois. wrathful: courroucé.

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King Henry VI, Part I

Thy wife is proud; she holdeth thee in awe, More than God or religious churchmen may.% GLOUCESTER. Name not religion, for thou lov'st the flesh, And ne'er throughout the year to church thou go'st, Except it be to pray against thy foes. BEDFORD. Cease, cease these jars and rest your minds in peace: Let's to the altar: heralds, wait on us: Instead of gold, we'll offer up our arms; Since arms avail not, now that Henry's dead. Posterity, await for wretched years, When at their mothers' moist eyes babes shall suck, Our isle be made a marish of salt tears, And none but women left to wail the dead. Henry the Fifth, thy ghost I invocate: Prosper this realm, keep it from civil broils, Combat with adverse planets in the heavens! A far more glorious star thy soul will make Than Julius Caesar or bright-[Enter a MESSENGER.] MESSENGER. My honourable lords, health to you all! Sad tidings bring I to you out of France, Of loss, of slaughter, and discomfiture: Guienne, Champagne, Rheims, Orleans, Paris, Guysors, Poictiers, are all quite lost. BEDFORD. What say'st thou, man, before dead Henry's corse? Speak softly; or the loss of those great towns Will make him burst his lead and rise from death.

French adverse: ennemi, contradictoire, contraire, adverse, nuisible, opposé, hostile. altar: autel. avail: avantage, profiter. await: attendre, attends, attendons, attendent, attendez. burst: crever, éclater, salve, rafale, explosion, choc d'ionisation, éclatement, bouffée. cease: cesser, cessent. ghost: fantôme, apparition, image

fantôme, revenant, hématie dépigmentée, spectre. glorious: glorieux, fameux. honourable: honorable. isle: île. jars: coulisse de battage. moist: humide, frais, mouillé. pray: prier, prie, pries, prions, priez, prient. realm: règne, royaume, puissance, domaine. salt: sel, saler, le sel.

slaughter: abattre, abattage, massacre, tuerie, carnage. softly: doucement, de manière douce, de façon douce. soul: âme. thee: toi, te, vous. thy: ton. tidings: nouvelles. wail: se lamenter, gémissement, gémir. wretched: misérable, pauvre, infortuné, pitoyable, malheureux.

William Shakespeare

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GLOUCESTER. Is Paris lost? Is Rouen yielded up If Henry were recall'd to life again, These news would cause him once more yield the ghost.% EXETER. How were they lost? What treachery was us'd? MESSENGER. No treachery; but want of men and money. Amongst the soldiers this is muttered, That here you maintain several factions, And whilst a field should be dispatch'd and fought, You are disputing of your generals: One would have lingering wars with little cost; Another would fly swift, but wanteth wings; A third thinks, without expense at all, By guileful fair words peace may be obtain'd. Awake, awake, English nobility! Let not sloth dim your honours new-begot: Cropp'd are the flower-de-luces in your arms; Of England's coat one half is cut away. EXETER. Were our tears wanting to this funeral, These tidings would call forth their flowing tides. BEDFORD. Me they concern; Regent I am of France. Give me my steeled coat. I'll fight for France. Away with these disgraceful wailing robes! Wounds will I lend the French instead of eyes, To weep their intermissive miseries. [Enter to them another MESSENGER.]

French awake: éveillé, réveillé. coat: manteau, enduire, pardessus, couche, capote, paletot, pelage, enrober, napper. dim: faible, sombre, obscur, brouiller, rendre confus, rendre trouble. disgraceful: honteux. disputing: disputant. expense: dépense, frais. flowing: coulant, écoulement, fluent. fly: mouche, voler, volez, voles, volent, vole, volons, volant.

forth: en avant. guileful: astucieux. honours: honneurs. lend: prêter, prête, prêtes, prêtez, prêtent, prêtons, emprunter, empruntes, empruntez, empruntons, empruntent. lingering: traînant, prolongé. miseries: misères. sloth: paresse, paresseux. swift: rapide, prompt, martinet noir, martinet.

tears: larmes. thinks: pense. tides: marées. treachery: traîtrise. wailing: triage à la main, gémir, gémissement. wanting: voulant. wars: guerres. weep: pleurer, pleure, pleures, pleurons, pleurez, pleurent. yielded: cédâmes, cédèrent, cédé, cédas, cédai, céda, cédâtes.

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King Henry VI, Part I

MESSENGER. Lords, view these letters full of bad mischance. France is revolted from the English quite, Except some petty towns of no import: The Dauphin Charles is crowned king in Rheims; The Bastard of Orleans with him is join'd; Reignier, Duke of Anjou, doth take his part; The Duke of Alencon flieth to his side.% EXETER. The Dauphin crowned king! all fly to him! O, whither shall we fly from this reproach? GLOUCESTER. We will not fly, but to our enemies' throats. Bedford, if thou be slack, I'll fight it out. BEDFORD. Gloucester, why doubt'st thou of my forwardness? An army have I muster'd in my thoughts, Wherewith already France is overrun. [Enter another MESSENGER.] MESSENGER. My gracious lords, to add to your laments, Wherewith you now bedew King Henry's hearse, I must inform you of a dismal fight Betwixt the stout Lord Talbot and the French. WINCHESTER. What! wherein Talbot overcame? is't so? MESSENGER. O, no; wherein Lord Talbot was o'erthrown: The circumstance I'll tell you more at large. The tenth of August last this dreadful lord,

French circumstance: circonstance. crowned: couronné. dismal: sombre, triste, morne, désagréable, banal, abominable, épouvantable, affreux, pénible, pauvre, horrible. dreadful: terrible, affreux, épouvantable. fight: combattre, combat, batailler, lutte, luter, lutter. gracious: gracieux. inform: informer, informes,

informons, informez, informe, informent, renseigner, renseigne, renseignes, renseignez, renseignons. letters: lettres. overcame: vainquîmes, vainquirent, vainquis, vainquit, vainquîtes. overrun: dépassement, surcharge, dépassement de capacité, foisonnement, envahir. petty: petit, mesquin. reproach: reproche, reprocher, réprimander, gronder, sermonner,

reprendre. revolted: révolté. slack: mou, lâche. stout: corpulent, fort, gros, stout. tenth: dixième. thou: tu, vous, toi. wherein: où. whither: où.

William Shakespeare

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Retiring %from the siege of Orleans, Having full scarce six thousand in his troop, By three and twenty thousand of the French Was round encompassed and set upon. No leisure had he to enrank his men; He wanted pikes to set before his archers; Instead whereof sharp stakes pluck'd out of hedges They pitched in the ground confusedly, To keep the horsemen off from breaking in. More than three hours the fight continued; Where valiant Talbot above human thought Enacted wonders with his sword and lance: Hundreds he sent to hell, and none durst stand him; Here, there, and every where, enrag'd he slew: The French exclaim'd, the devil was in arms; All the whole army stood agaz'd on him. His soldiers spying his undaunted spirit A Talbot! a Talbot! cried out amain, And rush'd into the bowels of the battle. Here had the conquest fully been seal'd up, If Sir John Fastolfe had not play'd the coward. He, being in the vaward, plac'd behind With purpose to relieve and follow them, Cowardly fled, not having struck one stroke. Hence grew the general wreck and massacre; Enclosed were they with their enemies: A base Walloon, to win the Dauphin's grace, Thrust Talbot with a spear into the back; Whom all France with their chief assembled strength Durst not presume to look once in the face. BEDFORD. Is Talbot slain? then I will slay myself,

French assembled: montâmes, montas, montâtes, montèrent, assemblas, assemblâtes, monta, montai, monté, assemblé, assembla. bowels: intestins. conquest: conquête. cried: pleuré. devil: diable. encompassed: entouré, entourâmes, entourèrent, entouras, entourai, entoura, entourâtes. fled: fuîtes, fuit, fuis, fuirent, fuîmes,

fui, échappâtes, échappé, échappas, échappâmes, échappai. pitched: abattu. presume: présumer, présume, présumes, présumez, présumons, présument, supposer. relieve: soulager, soulagez, soulages, soulageons, soulagent, soulage, relayer. scarce: insuffisant, rare. siege: siège. slain: tué.

slay: tuer, tuons, tuez, tue, tuent, tues, abattre, rectifier. spear: lance, javelot. spying: espionnage. stakes: prix stake. struck: frappé. undaunted: courageux, vaillant, intrépide. valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux. wreck: épave, naufrage, détruire, accident.

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King Henry VI, Part I

For living idly here in pomp and ease, Whilst such a worthy leader, wanting aid, Unto his dastard foemen is betray'd.% MESSENGER. O no, he lives; but is took prisoner, And Lord Scales with him, and Lord Hungerford: Most of the rest slaughter'd or took likewise. BEDFORD. His ransom there is none but I shall pay: I'll hale the Dauphin headlong from his throne: His crown shall be the ransom of my friend; Four of their lords I'll change for one of ours. Farewell, my masters; to my task will I; Bonfires in France forthwith I am to make To keep our great Saint George's feast withal: Ten thousand soldiers with me I will take, Whose bloody deeds shall make an Europe quake. MESSENGER. So you had need; for Orleans is besieg'd; The English army is grown weak and faint: The Earl of Salisbury craveth supply, And hardly keeps his men from mutiny, Since they, so few, watch such a multitude. EXETER. Remember, lords, your oaths to Henry sworn, Either to quell the Dauphin utterly, Or bring him in obedience to your yoke. BEDFORD. I do remember it, and here take my leave To go about my preparation. [Exit.]

French bloody: sanglant. crown: couronne, couronner, cime, sommet, voûte, sacrer. dastard: personnage méprisable. feast: fête, banqueter, festin. forthwith: immédiatement. grown: crû, grandi. hale: vigoureux. hardly: à peine, péniblement, difficilement, lourdement, durement, de manière dure, de façon dure. headlong: la tête la première.

idly: de manière inactive, de façon inactive. keeps: garde, élève, remplit. likewise: de même, aussi, pareillement, également. masters: masters. multitude: multitude, amas, foule, tas, masse. none: aucun, personne, nul. obedience: obéissance, soumission. pomp: pompe, splendeur. quake: trembler, tremblement,

tremblement de terre. quell: étouffer, étouffe, étouffent, étouffes, étouffez, étouffons, suffoquer. ransom: rançon. watch: montre, regarder, horloge, être spectateur de, veille, veiller, pendule, surveiller, regarder un spectacle, voir, observer. weak: faible, débile, lâche, mou. worthy: digne. yoke: joug, culasse, empiècement.

William Shakespeare

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GLOUCESTER. I'll to the Tower with all the haste I can, To view the artillery and munition; And then I will proclaim young Henry king. [Exit.] EXETER. To Eltham will I, where the young King is, Being ordain'd his special governor; And for his safety there I'll best devise. [Exit.] WINCHESTER. Each hath his place and function to attend: I am left out; for me nothing remains. But long I will not be Jack out of office: The King from Eltham I intend to steal, And sit at chiefest stern of public weal.% [Exeunt.]

SCENE II. FRANCE. BEFORE ORLEANS [Sound a Flourish. Enter Charles, Alencon, and Reignier, marching with Drum and Soldiers.] CHARLES. Mars his true moving, even as in the heavens So in the earth, to this day is not known: Late did he shine upon the English side; Now we are victors; upon us he smiles. What towns of any moment but we have? At pleasure here we lie near Orleans;

French artillery: artillerie. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons. france: France, la France. function: fonctionner, emploi, office, service. haste: hâte. intend: viser, visent, visons, visez, vise, vises, avoir pour but, projeter, projettent, projette, projetons.

lie: mentir, mensonge, être couché, gésir. moving: émouvant, attendrissant, déménagement, en mouvement, mobile. near: près, proche, près de, auprès, prochaine, à. pleasure: plaisir, jouissance. proclaim: proclamer, proclames, proclame, proclamons, proclamez, proclament. safety: sécurité, sûreté.

shine: briller, luire, être lumineux, éclat, lustre, reluire. sit: couver, être assis, asseoir, couve, couvent, couves, couvez, couvons, s'asseyent, vous asseyez, m'assieds. stern: poupe, arrière, sévère. true: vrai, véritable, réel, qui a raison, exact, juste. victors: vainqueurs.

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King Henry VI, Part I

Otherwhiles the famish'd English, like pale ghosts, Faintly besiege us one hour in a month.% ALENCON. They want their porridge and their fat bull beeves Either they must be dieted like mules, And have their provender tied to their mouths, Or piteous they will look, like drowned mice. REIGNIER. Let's raise the siege: why live we idly here? Talbot is taken, whom we wont to fear: Remaineth none but mad-brain'd Salisbury; And he may well in fretting spend his gall, Nor men nor money hath he to make war. CHARLES. Sound, sound alarum! we will rush on them. Now for the honour of the forlorn French! Him I forgive my death that killeth me When he sees me go back one foot or flee. [Exeunt.] [Here alarum; they are beaten back by the English, with great loss. Re-enter CHARLES, ALENCON, and REIGNIER.] CHARLES. Who ever saw the like? what men have I! Dogs! cowards! dastards! I would ne'er have fled, But that they left me 'midst my enemies. REIGNIER. Salisbury is a desperate homicide; He fighteth as one weary of his life. The other lords, like lions wanting food, Do rush upon us as their hungry prey.

French beaten: battu, abattue, abattues, battue. besiege: assiéger, assiègent, assiégez, assièges, assiégons, assiège, assaillir. bull: taureau, haussier, spéculateur à la hausse. desperate: désespéré. drowned: noyé, noya, noyèrent, noyâmes, noyai, noyâtes, noyas. fat: gras, gros, graisse, épais. foot: pied, patte, bordure, le pied. forgive: pardonner, pardonnes,

pardonne, pardonnez, pardonnons, pardonnent, excuser, excusez, excusent, excuse, excusons. forlorn: désespéré. fretting: usure de contact. honour: honneur, honorer. hour: heure. hungry: affamé. mice: souris. nor: ni. pale: pâle, blême. piteous: piteux, pitoyable.

porridge: bouillie, porridge. prey: proie. provender: fourrage. raise: lever, élever, soulever, entonner, éduquer, augmenter, hausse, relever, dresser, ériger, arborer. rush: jonc, ruée, se dépêcher, congestion, afflux, épreuve, afflux de sang, urgent, précipiter, hâte. sees: voit, scie. weary: las, fatigué. wont: coutume.

William Shakespeare

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ALENCON. Froissart, a countryman of ours, records, England all Olivers and Rowlands bred During the time Edward the Third did reign. More truly now may this be verified; For none but Samsons and Goliases It sendeth forth to skirmish. One to ten! Lean raw-bon'd rascals! who would e'er suppose They had such courage and audacity? CHARLES. Let's leave this town; for they are hare-brain'd slaves, And hunger will enforce them to be more eager: Of old I know them; rather with their teeth The walls they'll tear down than forsake the siege.% REIGNIER. I think by some odd gimmors or device Their arms are set like clocks, still to strike on; Else ne'er could they hold out so as they do. By my consent, we'll even let them alone. ALENCON. Be it so. [Enter the BASTARD OF ORLEANS.] BASTARD. Where's the Prince Dauphin? I have news for him. CHARLES. Bastard of Orleans, thrice welcome to us. BASTARD. Methinks your looks are sad, your cheer appall'd: Hath the late overthrow wrought this offence? Be not dismay'd, for succour is at hand:

French alone: seul, seulement. audacity: audace. cheer: acclamation, acclamer, applaudir. clocks: horloges. consent: consentement, consentir, donner son accord, admettre, être d'accord, agrément. countryman: paysan. courage: courage, abattage. enforce: réaliser, imposer, mettre en vigueur, imposent, réalisent, réalisez,

réalisons, réalises, imposons, imposez, impose. forsake: abandonner, délaisser, abandonnent, abandonnons, abandonnes, abandonne, abandonnez, délaisse, délaissent, délaisses, délaissez. hunger: faim. odd: bizarre, impair, étrange, singulier, drôle. ours: nôtre. overthrow: renverser, renverse,

renversent, renverses, renversez, renversons, abattre, abattage, faire tomber. sad: triste, affligé, désolé, peiné, maussade, sombre. skirmish: escarmouche, accrochage. succour: soulager, secourir. tear: déchirer, larme, pleur, déchirure. thrice: trois fois. truly: vraiment, réellement, en vérité, en fait, en réalité, véritablement. wrought: forgé, travaillé.

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King Henry VI, Part I

A holy maid hither with me I bring, Which by a vision sent to her from heaven Ordained is to raise this tedious siege, And drive the English forth the bounds of France. The spirit of deep prophecy she hath, Exceeding the nine sibyls of old Rome: What's past and what's to come she can descry. Speak, shall I call her in? Believe my words, For they are certain and unfallible.% CHARLES. Go, call her in. [Exit BASTARD.] But first, to try her skill, Reignier, stand thou as Dauphin in my place; Question her proudly; let thy looks be stern: By this means shall we sound what skill she hath. [Re-enter the BASTARD OF ORLEANS, with JOAN LA PUCELLE.] REIGNIER. Fair maid, is 't thou wilt do these wondrous feats? PUCELLE. Reignier is 't thou that thinkest to beguile me? Where is the Dauphin? Come, come from behind; I know thee well, though never seen before. Be not amazed, there's nothing hid from me. In private will I talk with thee apart. Stand back, you lords, and give us leave awhile. REIGNIER. She takes upon her bravely at first dash. PUCELLE. Dauphin, I am by birth a shepherd's daughter, My wit untrain'd in any kind of art.

French amazed: étonné, étonnèrent, étonnâtes, étonnas, étonnai, étonna, étonnâmes, abasourdi, abasourdie, abasourdirent. awhile: pendant quelque temps. beguile: séduire. birth: naissance. bounds: bornes. bravely: courageusement, de manière courageuse, de façon courageuse. dash: tiret, trait. deep: profond.

drive: conduire, pousser, prise, pourchasser, conduis, conduisons, conduisez, conduisent, pousse, poussent, pousses. exit: sortie, issue, sortir, descendre, donner, aboutir, instruction de sortie. hid: cachas, cachâtes, cachèrent, cacha, cachai, cachâmes, masqua, masquèrent, masquâtes, masquas, masquâmes. hither: ici. holy: saint, sacré.

maid: femme de chambre, servante, domestique, bonne. prophecy: prophétie. proudly: fièrement, de manière fire, de façon fire. skill: habileté, compétence, adresse. spirit: esprit, vigueur. tedious: ennuyeux, fastidieux. vision: vision, vue. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir. wit: esprit. wondrous: merveilleux.

William Shakespeare

15

Heaven%and our Lady gracious hath it pleased To shine on my contemptible estate: Lo, whilst I waited on my tender lambs And to sun's parching heat display'd my cheeks, God's mother deigned to appear to me, And in a vision full of majesty Will'd me to leave my base vocation, And free my country from calamity: Her aid she promised and assured success: In complete glory she reveal'd herself; And, whereas I was black and swart before, With those clear rays which she infused on me That beauty am I bless'd with which you may see. Ask me what question thou canst possible, And I will answer unpremeditated: My courage try by combat, if thou dar'st, And thou shalt find that I exceed my sex. Resolve on this, thou shalt be fortunate, If thou receive me for thy warlike mate. CHARLES. Thou hast astonish'd me with thy high terms; Only this proof I 'll of thy valour make, In single combat thou shalt buckle with me, And if thou vanquishest, thy words are true; Otherwise I renounce all confidence. PUCELLE. I am prepared: here is my keen-edg'd sword, Deck'd with five flower-de-luces on each side, The which at Touraine, in Saint Katharine's church-yard, Out of a great deal of old iron I chose forth.

French assured: assuré, assuras, assurâtes, assura, assurèrent, assurai, assurâmes, garantit, garanti, garantîmes, garantirent. buckle: boucle, boucler, boucle de vêtement, gondolement. chose: choisîmes, choisirent, choisîtes, choisis, choisit, opta, optai, optâmes, optas, optâtes, optèrent. combat: combattre, combat. contemptible: méprisable. deigned: daignai, daigna, daignèrent,

daigné, daignâtes, daignâmes, condescendîtes, condescendit, condescendis, condescendirent, condescendîmes. glory: gloire, renommée, réputation. infused: infusèrent, infusâtes, infusas, infusâmes, infusa, infusai, infusé. mate: s'accoupler, compagnon, accoupler, camarade. parching: desséchant. proof: preuve, épreuve, témoignage, démonstration.

rays: rayons. renounce: renoncer, renonce, renonces, renoncez, renonçons, renoncent, abandonner, abjurer, résigner, renier. tender: offre, tendre, adjudication, doux, tender, annexe, offrir, présenter, proposition, gentil, suave. valour: courage, valeur, vaillance. waited: attendu, attendîtes, attendit, attendis, attendîmes, attendirent. warlike: guerrier, belliqueux.

16

King Henry VI, Part I

CHARLES. Then come, o' God's name; I fear no woman.% PUCELLE. And while I live, I 'll ne'er fly from a man. Here they fight, and Joan La Pucelle overcomes. CHARLES. Stay, stay thy hands; thou art an Amazon, And fightest with the sword of Deborah. PUCELLE. Christ's Mother helps me, else I were too weak. CHARLES. Whoe'er helps thee, 'tis thou that must help me: Impatiently I burn with thy desire; My heart and hands thou hast at once subdued. Excellent Pucelle, if thy name be so, Let me thy servant and not sovereign be: 'Tis the French Dauphin sueth to thee thus. PUCELLE. I must not yield to any rites of love, For my profession's sacred from above: When I have chased all thy foes from hence, Then will I think upon a recompense. CHARLES. Meantime look gracious on thy prostrate thrall. REIGNIER. My lord, methinks, is very long in talk. ALENCON. Doubtless he shrives this woman to her smock; Else ne'er could he so long protract his speech.

French art: art. burn: brûler, brûlure, s'allumer. chased: chassé. fear: peur, crainte, craindre, angoisse, redouter, appréhension, avoir peur. gracious: gracieux. hands: mains. heart: coeur, le coeur. live: vivre, vivez, vivent, vivons, vis, habiter, demeurer, habite, habitent, habites, habitons. lord: seigneur, monsieur.

overcomes: vainc. prostrate: prosterné. protract: prolonger. recompense: récompense. sacred: sacré, saint. servant: serviteur, domestique, servante. sovereign: souverain. speech: discours, parole, langage, allocution, élocution. stay: séjour, rester, restons, restent, restes, restez, reste, étai, hauban,

demeurer, séjourner. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. talk: parler, parles, parle, parlez, parlent, parlons, causerie, discuter, discours, entretien. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thrall: servitude. thy: ton. yield: rendement, céder, cèdent, cèdes, cédez, cédons, cède, abandonner, produire, abdiquer, reculer.

William Shakespeare

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REIGNIER. Shall we disturb him, since he keeps no mean? ALENCON. He may mean more than we poor men do know: These women are shrewd tempters with their tongues.% REIGNIER. My lord, where are you? what devise you on? Shall we give over Orleans, or no? PUCELLE. Why, no, I say; distrustful recreants! Fight till the last gasp; I will be your guard. CHARLES. What she says I'll confirm: we'll fight it out: PUCELLE. Assign'd am I to be the English scourge. This night the siege assuredly I 'll raise: Expect Saint Martin's summer, halcyon days, Since I have entered into these wars. Glory is like a circle in the water, Which never ceaseth to enlarge itself Till by broad spreading it disperse to nought. With Henry's death the English circle ends; Dispersed are the glories it included. Now am I like that proud insulting ship Which Caesar and his fortune bare at once. CHARLES. Was Mahomet inspired with a dove? Thou with an eagle art inspired then. Helen, the mother of great Constantine, Nor yet Saint Philip's daughters, were like thee.

French assuredly: assurément, de manière assurée, de façon assurée. bare: nu, dénudé, mettre à nu. confirm: confirmer, confirment, confirmons, confirmez, confirme, confirmes, ratifier. daughters: filles. devise: legs, concevoir. disperse: disperser, dissiper, dispersent, dispersons, dispersez, disperses, disperse, dissipons, dissipez, dissipe, dissipes.

distrustful: méfiant. disturb: déranger, dérange, dérangez, dérangeons, dérangent, déranges, gêner, gênons, gênez, gênes, gênent. eagle: aigle. enlarge: agrandir, agrandissons, agrandissez, agrandis, agrandissent, étendre, accroître, augmenter, amplifier. fortune: fortune, sort, destinée, destin. gasp: halètement, haleter. guard: garde, protéger, garder,

gardien, contrôleur, préserver, protecteur, dispositif de protection, arrière, chef de train, protection. halcyon: alcyon. inspired: inspiras, inspirâtes, inspira, inspirâmes, inspirèrent, inspirai, inspiré. insulting: insultant. proud: fier, altier, orgueilleux. shrewd: sagace, avisé, perspicace. spreading: diffusion, épandage, enduction, enduisage.

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King Henry VI, Part I

Bright star of Venus, fall'n down on the earth, How may I reverently worship thee enough? ALENCON. Leave off delays, and let us raise the siege.% REIGNIER. Woman, do what thou canst to save our honors; Drive them from Orleans and be immortalized. CHARLES. Presently we 'll try: come, let's away about it: No prophet will I trust, if she prove false. [Exeunt.]

SCENE III. LONDON. BEFORE THE TOWER. [Enter the DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, with his SERVING-MEN in blue coats.] GLOUCESTER. I am come to survey the Tower this day: Since Henry's death, I fear, there is conveyance. Where be these warders that they wait not here? Open the gates; 'tis Gloucester that calls. FIRST WARDER. [Within] Who's there that knocks so imperiously? FIRST SERVING-MAN. It is the noble Duke of Gloucester. SECOND WARDER. [Within] Whoe'er he be, you may not be let in.

French blue: bleu, azur. calls: appelle. delays: retards, sursied. false: faux, perfide, feint. immortalized: immortalisèrent, immortalisa, immortalisai, immortalisâmes, immortalisas, immortalisâtes, Immortalisé. imperiously: de manière impérieuse, de façon impérieuse. knocks: frappe. noble: noble, élevé.

prophet: prophète. prove: prouver, prouve, prouves, prouvez, prouvons, prouvent, démontrer. raise: lever, élever, soulever, entonner, éduquer, augmenter, hausse, relever, dresser, ériger, arborer. reverently: de manière respectueuse, de façon respectueuse. save: épargner, épargne, épargnes, épargnent, épargnez, épargnons, sauver, économiser, sauve, sauves,

sauvons. star: étoile, vedette, star, astral. survey: enquête, étude, levé, inspection, sondage, arpenter, campagne d'évaluation. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. wait: attendre, attendez, attendons, attends, attendent, attente. worship: adorer, adoration, vénération, vénérer.

William Shakespeare

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FIRST SERVING-MAN. Villains, answer you so the lord protector? FIRST WARDER. [Within] The Lord protect him! so we answer him: We do no otherwise than we are will'd.% GLOUCESTER. Who willed you? or whose will stands but mine? There's none protector of the realm but I. Break up the gates, I 'll be your warrantize: Shall I be flouted thus by dunghill grooms? [GLOUCESTER'S men rush at the Tower Gates, and WOODVILLE the Lieutenant speaks within.] WOODVILLE. What noise is this? what traitors have we here? GLOUCESTER. Lieutenant, is it you whose voice I hear? Open the gates; here's Gloucester that would enter. WOODVILLE. Have patience, noble duke; I may not open; The Cardinal of Winchester forbids: From him I have express commandment That thou nor none of thine shall be let in. GLOUCESTER. Faint-hearted Woodville, prizest him 'fore me? Arrogant Winchester, that haughty prelate Whom Henry, our late sovereign, ne'er could brook? Thou art no friend to God or to the King. Open the gates, or I 'll shut thee out shortly.

French duke: duc. dunghill: tas de fumier. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons. express: exprimer, exprimes, exprime, exprimons, exprimez, expriment, exprès, répandre, représenter, express, expresse. haughty: hautain, arrogant. noble: noble, élevé.

noise: bruit, bruit de fond, tapage, souffle. otherwise: sinon, autrement. patience: patience. protect: protéger, protèges, protègent, protégons, protège, protégez, abriter, préserver, garantir, sauvegarder, assurer. protector: protecteur. realm: règne, royaume, puissance, domaine. rush: jonc, ruée, se dépêcher,

congestion, afflux, épreuve, afflux de sang, urgent, précipiter, hâte. shortly: prochainement, de façon courte, de manière courte, bientôt. shut: fermer, arrêter, fermé. sovereign: souverain. speaks: parle. stands: tribune. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi.

20

King Henry VI, Part I

SERVING-MEN. Open the gates unto the lord protector, Or we 'll burst them open, if that you come not quickly.% [Enter to the PROTECTOR at the Tower Gates WINCHESTER and his Men in tawny coats.] WINCHESTER. How now, ambitious Humphry! what means this? GLOUCESTER. Peel'd priest, dost thou command me to be shut out? WINCHESTER. I do, thou most usurping proditor, And not protector, of the king or realm. GLOUCESTER. Stand back, thou manifest conspirator, Thou that contrivedst to murder our dead lord; Thou that givest whores indulgences to sin: I 'll canvass thee in thy broad cardinal's hat, If thou proceed in this thy insolence. WINCHESTER. Nay, stand thou back; I will not budge a foot: This be Damascus, be thou cursed Cain, To slay thy brother Abel, if thou wilt. GLOUCESTER. I will not slay thee, but I 'll drive thee back: Thy scarlet robes as a child's bearing-cloth I 'll use to carry thee out of this place. WINCHESTER. Do what thou darest; I beard thee to thy face. GLOUCESTER. What! am I dared and bearded to my face?

French ambitious: ambitieux. beard: barbe. bearded: barbu. broad: large, ample. brother: frère, frangin, confrère, le frère. budge: bouger, bouge, bouges, bougez, bougent, bougeons. canvass: discuter, cabaler, grosse toile, faire de la sollicitation, sollicitation porte à porte, cabalez, cabalons, cabalent.

command: commande, commandement, commander, ordre, ordonner, enjoindre, sommer, instruction, ordre de commande. cursed: maudit. dared: osé, osa, osai, osèrent, osâtes, osâmes, osas, aventurèrent, aventurâtes, aventura, aventuras. insolence: insolence, effronterie. manifest: manifeste, manifester, évident. murder: assassiner, meurtre,

assassinat, rectifier, crime de meurtre. priest: prêtre, curé, abbé. proceed: procéder, procèdes, procède, procèdent, procédez, procédons, avancer, avancent, avances, avancez, avançons. scarlet: écarlate. stand: stand, être debout, échoppe, kiosque, support, pied, peuplement, position, socle, surgir, se dresser. tawny: fauve. usurping: usurpant.

William Shakespeare

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Draw, men, for all this privileged place; Blue coats to tawny coats. Priest, beware your beard; I mean to tug it and to cuff you soundly: Under my feet I stamp thy cardinal's hat: In spite of pope or dignities of church, Here by the cheeks I 'll drag thee up and down.% WINCHESTER. Gloucester, thou wilt answer this before the pope. GLOUCESTER. Winchester goose, I cry, a rope! a rope! Now beat them hence; why do you let them stay? Thee I 'll chase hence, thou wolf in sheep's array. Out, tawny coats! out, scarlet hypocrite! Here Gloucester's men beat out the Cardinal's men, and enter in the hurlyburly the Mayor of London and his Officers. MAYOR. Fie, lords! that you, being supreme magistrates, Thus contumeliously should break the peace! GLOUCESTER. Peace, mayor! thou know'st little of my wrongs: Here's Beaufort, that regards nor God nor king, Hath here distrain'd the Tower to his use. WINCHESTER. Here's Gloucester, a foe to citizens, One that still motions war and never peace, O'ercharging your free purses with large fines, That seeks to overthrow religion, Because he is protector of the realm, And would have armour here out of the Tower, To crown himself king and suppress the prince.

French armour: armure, blinder, blindage. beware: attention, prendre garde, se méfier. chase: chasser, pourchasser, poursuivre, chasse, pousser, faire avancer. cheeks: joues. cry: pleurer, cri, crier, vagir. cuff: manchette, poignet, ballonnet, manchon, revers. drag: traîner, traîne, traînons, traînez, traînent, traînes, traînée, tirer, faire

glisser, résistance, entrave. foe: ennemi. goose: oie. hypocrite: hypocrite. mayor: maire, bourgmestre. pope: pape, perche goujonnière. prince: prince. privileged: privilégié. purses: bourses. regards: considère. rope: corde, cordage, filin. seeks: cherche, raille.

spite: rancune, dépit. stamp: timbre, estampiller, timbrer, cachet, poinçon, estampille, tampon, estamper, empreinte, tamponner, marque. suppress: étouffer, étouffez, étouffons, étouffe, étouffent, étouffes, réprimer, réprimez, réprimes, réprime, réprimons. supreme: suprême. tug: remorqueur, tirer, remorquer. wolf: loup.

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King Henry VI, Part I

GLOUCESTER. I will not answer thee with words, but blows. Here they skirmish again.% MAYOR. Nought rests for me in this tumultuous strife But to make open proclamation: Come, officer; as loud as e'er thou canst: Cry. OFFICER. All manner of men assembled here in arms this day against God's peace and the king's, we charge and command you, in his highness' name, to repair to your several dwelling-places; and not to wear, handle, or use any sword, weapon, or dagger, henceforward, upon pain of death. GLOUCESTER. Cardinal, I 'll be no breaker of the law; But we shall meet, and break our minds at large. WINCHESTER. Gloucester, we will meet; to thy cost, be sure; Thy heart-blood I will have for this day's work. MAYOR. I 'll call for clubs, if you will not away. This Cardinal's more haughty than the devil. GLOUCESTER. Mayor, farewell: thou dost but what thou mayst. WINCHESTER. Abominable Gloucester, guard thy head; For I intend to have it ere long. [Exeunt, severally, GLOUCESTER and WINCHESTER with their SERVINGMEN.]

French answer: réponse, répondre, répondez, réplique. break: rompre, briser, pause, casser, cassure, rupture, violer, interruption, repos, trêve, fracture. breaker: brisant, interrupteur, concasseur, casseur, briseur, broyeur, rupteur. charge: charger, accusation, charge, plainte, imputation, chef d'accusation, taxe, accuser, chargement.

clubs: trèfle. dagger: poignard, dague. ere: avant, avant que. farewell: adieu. handle: poignée, manier, manche, anse, toucher, traiter, manipuler, tâter, manette, manivelle. henceforward: désormais. highness: altesse. loud: fort, bruyant, haut, sonore, criard. manner: manière, façon.

officer: officier, fonctionnaire. pain: douleur, mal, peine, peiner. peace: paix, tranquillité. repair: réparation, réparer, dépanner, refaire, restaurer, dépannage, réformer, réfection, remédier, restauration, remettre en état. rests: repose. severally: individuellement ad. tumultuous: tumultueux. weapon: arme. wear: usure, porter, avoir, user.

William Shakespeare

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MAYOR. See the coast clear'd, and then we will depart. Good God, these nobles should such stomachs bear! I myself fight not once in forty year.% [Exeunt.]

SCENE IV. ORLEANS. [Enter, on the walls, a MASTER GUNNER and his BOY.] MASTER GUNNER. Sirrah, thou know'st how Orleans is besieged, And how the English have the suburbs won. BOY. Father, I know; and oft have shot at them, Howe'er unfortunate I miss'd my aim. MASTER GUNNER. But now thou shalt not. Be thou ruled by me: Chief master-gunner am I of this town; Something I must do to procure me grace. The prince's espials have informed me How the English, in the suburbs close intrench'd, Wont through a secret grate of iron bars In yonder tower to overpeer the city, And thence discover how with most advantage They may vex us with shot or with assault. To intercept this inconvenience, A piece of ordnance 'gainst it I have placed; And even these three days have I watch'd, If I could see them.

French aim: but, viser, visent, visons, visez, vises, vise, dessein, peiner, avoir pour but, peinons. coast: côte, bord, côte rivage. discover: découvrir, découvres, découvrent, découvrez, découvrons, découvre, dépouiller, dépouillons, dépouille, dépouillent, dépouilles. grate: grille, râper, grincer, crisser. informed: informas, informâtes, informai, informâmes, informa, informèrent, informé, renseignas,

renseignâtes, renseignâmes, renseignèrent. intercept: intercepter, interceptes, interceptez, interceptent, interceptons, intercepte, interception. iron: fer, fer à repasser, repasser. master: maître, patron, apprendre à fond, capitaine, maestro, principal, maîtriser. ordnance: pièce d'artillerie. orleans: Orléans. procure: procurer, procure, procures,

procurons, procurez, procurent, se procurer. ruled: hachuré. secret: secret, arcane. suburbs: banlieues. thence: de là. tower: tour, pylône. unfortunate: malheureux. vex: chagriner, chagrine, chagrinent, chagrines, chagrinez, chagrinons, vexer, vexes, vexe, vexent, vexons. yonder: là, y.

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King Henry VI, Part I

Now do thou watch, for I can stay no longer. If thou spy'st any, run and bring me word; And thou shalt find me at the governor's. [Exit.] BOY. Father, I warrant you; take you no care; I'll never trouble you, if I may spy them. [Exit.] [Enter, on the turrets, the LORDS SALISBURY and TALBOT, SIR WILLIAM GLANSDALE, SIR THOMAS GARGRAVE, and others.] SALISBURY. Talbot, my life, my joy, again return'd! How wert thou handled being prisoner? Or by what means got'st thou to be releas'd? Discourse, I prithee, on this turret's top.% TALBOT. The Duke of Bedford had a prisoner Call'd the brave Lord Ponton de Santrailles; For him was I exchanged and ransomed. But with a baser man of arms by far Once in contempt they would have barter'd me: Which I disdaining scorn'd, and craved death Rather than I would be so vile-esteem'd. In fine, redeem'd I was as I desired. But, O! the treacherous Fastolfe wounds my heart, Whom with my bare fists I would execute, If I now had him brought into my power. SALISBURY. Yet tell'st thou not how thou wert entertain'd.

French bare: nu, dénudé, mettre à nu. brave: courageux, vaillant, brave. bring: apporter, apportons, apportes, apporte, apportez, apportent, amener, amenons, amènes, amène, amenez. brought: apportas, apportâtes, apportâmes, apportai, apporta, apportèrent, apporté, amenai, amené, amenâtes, amenas. contempt: mépris. craved: sollicitèrent, sollicita, sollicitai,

sollicitâmes, sollicitas, sollicitâtes, sollicité. exchanged: échangées. fine: amende, fin, excellent, beau, délicat, éminent, tendre, accompli, à merveille, contravention. handled: emmanché, manièrent, maniâmes, manié, maniée, maniai, manipulé, mania. joy: joie, allégresse. spy: espion, épier. thou: tu, vous, toi.

treacherous: traître, déloyal. trouble: problème, gêner, déranger, dérangement, panne, difficulté, trouble, ennui. turrets: grosses spirales. warrant: garantir, assurer, cautionner, mandat, warrant, bon de souscription, garantie. watch: montre, regarder, horloge, être spectateur de, veille, veiller, pendule, surveiller, regarder un spectacle, voir, observer.

William Shakespeare

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TALBOT. With%scoffs and scorns and contumelious taunts. In open market-place produced they me, To be a public spectacle to all: Here, said they, is the terror of the French, The scarecrow that affrights our children so. Then broke I from the officers that led me, And with my nails digg'd stones out of the ground To hurl at the beholders of my shame; My grisly countenance made others fly; None durst come near for fear of sudden death. In iron walls they deem'd me not secure; So great fear of my name 'mongst them was spread That they supposed I could rend bars of steel, And spurn in pieces posts of adamant: Wherefore a guard of chosen shot I had, That walk'd about me every minute while; And if I did but stir out of my bed, Ready they were to shoot me to the heart. [Enter the BOY with a linstock.] SALISBURY. I grieve to hear what torments you endured, But we will be revenged sufficiently. Now it is supper-time in Orleans: Here, through this grate, I count each one, And view the Frenchmen how they fortify: Let us look in; the sight will much delight thee. Sir Thomas Gargrave and Sir William Glansdale, Let me have your express opinions Where is best place to make our battery next.

French bars: barre, barres. battery: batterie, pile, accumulateur, accu. broke: fauché, cassai, cassés de fabrication. chosen: choisi, élu, opté. contumelious: abusif. count: compter, comte, compte, calculer, coup, comptage, chef d'accusation. countenance: encourager. delight: délice, enchanter, ravir,

plaisir. grieve: affliger, afflige, affliges, chagriner, affligeons, affligez, affligent, chagrines, chagrine, chagrinons, chagrinent. grisly: désagréable, maussade, horrible. hurl: lancer, jeter. minute: minute. pieces: morceaux. rend: déchirer. scarecrow: épouvantail.

shoot: tirer, tires, tire, tirent, tirez, tirons, pousse, glissière. spectacle: spectacle. spurn: repousser avec mépris, rejeter avec mépris, repousser. stir: remuer, émouvoir, affecter, battre, vigueur, faire tournoyer, agitation, agiter, bouger. stones: pierres. sudden: subit, soudain. terror: terreur, effroi. walls: murs.

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King Henry VI, Part I

GARGRAVE. I think, at the north gate; for there stand lords.% GLANSDALE. And I, here, at the bulwark of the bridge. TALBOT. For aught I see, this city must be famish'd, Or with light skirmishes enfeebled. [Here they shoot. SALISBURY and GARGRAVE fall.] SALISBURY. O Lord, have mercy on us, wretched sinners! GARGRAVE. O Lord, have mercy on me, woful man! TALBOT. What chance is this that suddenly hath cross'd us? Speak, Salisbury: at least, if thou canst speak: How farest thou, mirror of all martial men? One of thy eyes and thy cheek's side struck off! Accursed tower! accursed fatal hand That hath contrived this woful tragedy! In thirteen battles Salisbury o'ercame; Henry the Fifth he first train'd to the wars; Whilst any trump did sound, or drum struck up, His sword did ne'er leave striking in the field. Yet liv'st thou, Salisbury? though thy speech doth fail, One eye thou hast, to look to heaven for grace: The sun with one eye vieweth all the world. Heaven, be thou gracious to none alive, If Salisbury wants mercy at thy hands! Bear hence his body; I will help to bury it, Sir Thomas Gargrave, hast thou any life?

French accursed: maudit. bridge: pont, passerelle, traverse, arête, chevalet, bridge. bulwark: pavois, rempart. bury: enterrer, enterre, enterres, enterrez, enterrons, enterrent, inhumer, ensevelir, inhumons, inhumez, inhumes. chance: hasard, chance, accidentel, occasion. contrived: inventé, inventas, inventâmes, inventèrent, inventa,

inventai, inventâtes. drum: tambour, fût. enfeebled: débilitâtes, débilitèrent, débilité, débilitâmes, débilitai, débilita, débilitas. eye: oeil, oeillet, anneau, trou, chas. fatal: fatal, mortel. gate: porte, vanne, grille, barrière, portillon, portail, gâchette, doigt, berceau, entrée. heaven: ciel, paradis. hence: par conséquent, donc, d'où,

c'est pourquoi. least: moindre, le moins. martial: martial. mercy: pitié, compassion, miséricorde. mirror: miroir, glace, miroir hertzien, rétroviseur. skirmishes: escarmouches. striking: frappant. sun: soleil, ensoleillé. thirteen: treize. trump: atout. wants: veut.

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Speak%unto Talbot; nay, look up to him. Salisbury, cheer thy spirit with this comfort, Thou shalt not die whiles-He beckons with his hand and smiles on me, As who should say 'When I am dead and gone, Remember to avenge me on the French.' Plantagenet, I will; and like thee, Nero, Play on the lute, beholding the towns burn; Wretched shall France be only in thy name. [Here an alarum, and it thunders and lightens. ] What stir is this? what tumult's in the heavens? Whence cometh this alarum and the noise? [Enter a MESSENGER.] MESSENGER. My lord, my lord, the French have gather'd head: The Dauphin, with one Joan la Pucelle join'd, A holy prophetess new risen up, Is come with a great power to raise the siege. [Here SALISBURY lifteth himself up and groans.] TALBOT. Hear, hear how dying Salisbury doth groan! It irks his heart he cannot be revenged. Frenchmen, I 'll be a Salisbury to you: Pucelle or puzzel, dolphin or dogfish, Your hearts I 'll stamp out with my horse's heels, And make a quagmire of your mingled brains. Convey me Salisbury into his tent, And then we 'll try what these dastard Frenchmen dare. [Alarum. Exeunt.]

French avenge: venger, venge, venges, vengent, vengez, vengeons. beholding: apercevant, remarquant, voyant. cheer: acclamation, acclamer, applaudir. dare: oser, aventurer, ose, osons, osez, oses, osent, aventurez, aventures, aventurent, aventure. dastard: personnage méprisable. dead: mort. die: mourir, mourons, meurent,

meurs, mourez, décéder, décède, décédons, décédez, décèdent, décèdes. dolphin: dauphin. dying: mourant, décédant. hearts: coeurs. irks: ennuie. lightens: allège, éclaircit. lute: luth, lut, luter. mingled: mélangea, mêlèrent, mêlâtes, mêlas, mélangèrent, mélangeâtes, mélangeas, mélangeai, mêlâmes,

mêlai, mêla. nay: non. prophetess: prophétesse. quagmire: bourbier. siege: siège. stir: remuer, émouvoir, affecter, battre, vigueur, faire tournoyer, agitation, agiter, bouger. thee: toi, te, vous. thy: ton.

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King Henry VI, Part I

SCENE V. THE SAME.% [Here an alarum again: and TALBOT pursueth the DAUPHIN, and driveth him: then enter JOAN LA PUCELLE, driving Englishmen before her, and exit after them: then re-enter TALBOT.] TALBOT. Where is my strength, my valor, and my force? Our English troops retire, I cannot stay them: A woman clad in armour chaseth them. [Re-enter LA PUCELLE.] Here, here she comes. I 'll have a bout with thee; Devil or devil's dam, I 'll conjure thee: Blood will I draw on thee, thou art a witch, And straightway give thy soul to him thou servest. PUCELLE. Come, come, 'tis only I that must disgrace thee. [Here they fight.] TALBOT. Heavens, can you suffer hell so to prevail? My breast I 'll burst with straining of my courage, And from my shoulders crack my arms asunder, But I will chastise this high-minded strumpet. [They fight again.] PUCELLE. Talbot, farewell; thy hour is not yet come: I must go victual Orleans forthwith. [A short alarum: then enter the town with SOLDIERS.] O'ertake me, if thou canst; I scorn thy strength. Go, go, cheer up thy hungry-starved men;

French bout: combat. breast: poitrine, sein, mamelle, front de taille. chastise: châtier, châtions, châtiez, châtient, châtie, châties. clad: claddé, vêtu, chemisage, gaine, revêtu. conjure: conjurer, conjurons, conjurez, conjurent, conjure, conjures. crack: fissure, craquer, fente, craquement, fêlure, crevasse, crack, crique, gercer, gerçure, fêler.

dam: barrage, digue, endiguer. disgrace: disgrâce, honte, déshonorer, déshonneur, disgracier. draw: dessiner, dessinent, dessinez, dessinons, dessines, dessine, puiser, tirer, puisent, puisons, puises. driving: conduite, conduisant, poussant, pourchassant, pilotant, actionnant. hell: enfer. retire: se retirer, retirer, retire, retires, retirent, retirons, retirez.

scorn: dédain, mépriser, mépris. short: court. shoulders: épaules. straining: filtrage. suffer: souffrir, souffre, souffrons, souffrent, souffres, souffrez, endurer, subir, subissez, subissent, subis. troops: troupes. victual: approvisionner, approvisionnons, approvisionnez, approvisionnes, approvisionne, approvisionnent.

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Help %Salisbury to make his testament: This day is ours, as many more shall be. [Exit.] TALBOT. My thoughts are whirled like a potter's wheel; I know not where I am, nor what I do; A witch, by fear, not force, like Hannibal, Drives back our troops and conquers as she lists. So bees with smoke and doves with noisome stench Are from their hives and houses driven away. They call'd us for our fierceness English dogs; Now, like to whelps, we crying run away. [A short alarum.] Hark, countrymen! either renew the fight, Or tear the lions out of England's coat; Renounce your soil, give sheep in lions' stead: Sheep run not half so treacherous from the wolf, Or horse or oxen from the leopard, As you fly from your oft-subdued slaves. [Alarum. Here another skirmish.] It will not be: retire into your trenches: You all consented unto Salisbury's death, For none would strike a stroke in his revenge. Pucelle is ent'red into Orleans, In spite of us or aught that we could do. O, would I were to die with Salisbury! The shame hereof will make me hide my head. [Exit TALBOT. Alarum; retreat; flourish.]

SCENE VI. THE SAME.

French bees: abeilles. conquers: conquiert. crying: pleurer. driven: conduit, poussé, pourchassé, piloté, actionné. fierceness: férocité. hereof: de ceci. hide: peau, cacher, cachent, cachons, caches, cache, cachez, fourrure, s'abriter, dissimuler, pelage. hives: urticaire. horse: cheval, le cheval.

houses: maisons. noisome: nuisible, répugnant. oxen: boeufs. renew: renouveler, renouvellent, renouvelle, renouvelles, renouvelons, renouvelez, reconduire, reconduisez, reconduisent, reconduis, reconduisons. retreat: retraite, se retirer, décéder, recul, refuge. shame: honte, pouah, vergogne. sheep: mouton.

smoke: fumée, fumer, fumes, fume, fument, fumez, fumons. soil: sol, terre, souiller, salir, barbouiller. strike: grève, frapper, heurter, toucher, forer, battre, saisir, rencontrer, s'allumer, atteindre, parvenir. stroke: caresser, coup, caresse, course, trait, apoplexie, rayure, raie. witch: sorcière.

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King Henry VI, Part I

[Enter, on the walls, LA PUCELLE, CHARLES, REIGNIER, ALENCON, and SOLDIERS.] PUCELLE. Advance our waving colours on the walls; Rescued is Orleans from the English: Thus Joan la Pucelle hath perform'd her word.% CHARLES. Divinest creature, Astraea's daughter, How shall I honour thee for this success? Thy promises are like Adonis' gardens That one day bloom'd and fruitful were the next. France, triumph in thy glorious prophetess! Recover'd is the town of Orleans. More blessed hap did ne'er befall our state. REIGNIER. Why ring not out the bells aloud throughout the town? Dauphin, command the citizens make bonfires And feast and banquet in the open streets, To celebrate the joy that God hath given us. ALENCON. All France will be replete with mirth and joy, When they shall hear how we have play'd the men. CHARLES. 'Tis Joan, not we, by whom the day is won; For which I will divide my crown with her; And all the priests and friars in my realm Shall in procession sing her endless praise. A statelier pyramis to her I 'll rear Than Rhodope's of Memphis ever was;

French aloud: à haute voix. banquet: banquet, banqueter, festin. befall: arriver, arrive, arrivent, arrives, arrivez, arrivons. blessed: béni, bénis, bénîtes, bénirent, bénit, bénîmes, bienheureux. celebrate: célébrer, célèbre, célèbrent, célébrez, célébrons, célèbres, fêter, fête, fêtent, fêtes, fêtez. colours: couleurs. creature: créature. divide: diviser, divisent, divisez,

divisons, divises, divise, partager, partagent, partagez, partageons, partage. endless: interminable, infini, sans fin. fruitful: fructueux, fruitier. hear: entendre, entendent, entends, entendez, entendons, ouïr, écouter, oient, ois, oyez, oyons. mirth: gaieté. procession: procession, cortège. promises: promet. replete: rassasié, rempli.

ring: anneau, bague, tinter, sonner, couronne, cercle, cerne, rondelle, cycle, frette, son. sing: chanter, chante, chantes, chantent, chantez, chantons. thee: toi, te, vous. throughout: partout. thy: ton. town: ville, cité, localité. triumph: triomphe, triompher. waving: ondulation. whom: qui.

William Shakespeare

In memory of her when she is dead, Her ashes, in an urn more precious Than the rich-jewel'd coffer of Darius, Transported shall be at high festivals Before the kings and queens of France. No longer on Saint Denis will we cry, But Joan la Pucelle shall be France's saint. Come in, and let us banquet royally After this golden day of victory.% [Flourish. Exeunt.]

French ashes: cendres. banquet: banquet, banqueter, festin. coffer: plafonnier encastré, coffre. golden: doré, en or, d'or. memory: mémoire, souvenir. urn: urne.

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King Henry VI, Part I

ACT II

SCENE I. BEFORE ORLEANS.% [Enter a SERGEANT of a band, with two SENTINELS.] SERGEANT. Sirs, take your places and be vigilant: If any noise or soldier you perceive Near to the walls, by some apparent sign Let us have knowledge at the court of guard. FIRST SENTINEL. Sergeant, you shall. [Exit SERGEANT.] Thus are poor servitors, When others sleep upon their quiet beds, Constrain'd to watch in darkness, rain and cold. [Enter TALBOT, BEDFORD, BURGUNDY, and FORCES, with scalingladders, their drums beating a dead march.] TALBOT. Lord Regent, and redoubted Burgundy,

French apparent: évident, apparent. band: bande, orchestre, bandelette, tranche, zone, fanfare, ruban. beating: battement, battage, battant. cold: froid, rhume. darkness: obscurité, ténèbres. dead: mort. drums: batterie. guard: garde, protéger, garder, gardien, contrôleur, préserver, protecteur, dispositif de protection, arrière, chef de train, protection.

knowledge: connaissance, savoir. noise: bruit, bruit de fond, tapage, souffle. poor: pauvre, mauvais, misérable, maigre, méchant, malheureux, mal, faible, médiocre. quiet: calme, tranquille, paisible, quiet, abattre, silencieux, rassurer, repos. rain: pluie, pleuvoir, la pluie. sleep: sommeil, dormir, dors, dormons, dormez, dorment, pioncer. soldier: soldat, militaire.

walls: murs. watch: montre, regarder, horloge, être spectateur de, veille, veiller, pendule, surveiller, regarder un spectacle, voir, observer.

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By whose approach the regions of Artois, Wallon and Picardy are friends to us, This happy night the Frenchmen are secure, Having all day caroused and banqueted: Embrace we then this opportunity, As fitting best to quittance their deceit Contriv'd by art and baleful sorcery.% BEDFORD. Coward of France, how much he wrongs his fame, Despairing of his own arm's fortitude, To join with witches and the help of hell! BURGUNDY. Traitors have never other company. But what 's that Pucelle whom they term so pure? TALBOT. A maid, they say. BEDFORD. A maid! and be so martial! BURGUNDY. Pray God she prove not masculine ere long, If underneath the standard of the French She carry armour as she hath begun. TALBOT. Well, let them practice and converse with spirits: God is our fortress, in whose conquering name Let us resolve to scale their flinty bulwarks. BEDFORD. Ascend, brave Talbot; we will follow thee. TALBOT. Not all together: better far, I guess,

French baleful: funeste, sinistre. begun: commencé, débuté, commencées. caroused: festoyai, festoya, festoyâmes, festoyas, festoyèrent, festoyâtes, Festoyé. carry: porter, portes, porte, portons, portent, portez, report, transporter, transportent, transportes, transporte. conquering: conquérant. converse: intervenir, converser. fitting: convenable, ajustage,

conforme, essayage, raccord, montage, adaptation, liquidation, posage, ferrure, raccord de tuyauterie. follow: suivre, suivent, suivons, suis, suivez, respecter, agir selon. fortress: forteresse, bastille. join: joindre, joignons, joignent, joignez, joins, unir, relier, reliez, relions, relies, relient. masculine: masculin, mâle. pure: pur, blanc, propre.

quittance: quittance. regions: régions. resolve: résoudre, décider, résolution. scale: échelle, écaille, balance, gamme, bascule, escalader, squame, tartre, monter, écailler, calamine. standard: norme, standard, étendard, écoperche, étalon, critère, drapeau, pavillon, courant. underneath: dessous, sous, en dessous. witches: sorcières.

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King Henry VI, Part I

That we do make our entrance several ways; That, if it chance the one of us do fail, The other yet may rise against their force.% BEDFORD. Agreed: I 'll to yond corner. BURGUNDY. And I to this. TALBOT. And here will Talbot mount, or make his grave. Now, Salisbury, for thee, and for the right Of English Henry, shall this night appear How much in duty I am bound to both. SENTINEL. Arm! arm! the enemy doth make assault! [Cry: 'St George,' 'A Talbot.'] [The FRENCH leap over the walls in their shirts. Enter, several ways, the BASTARD OF ORLEANS, ALENCON, and REIGNIER, half ready, and half unready.] ALENCON. How now, my lords! what, all unready so? BASTARD. Unready! aye, and glad we 'scap'd so well. REIGNIER. 'Twas time, I trow, to wake and leave our beds, Hearing alarums at our chamber-doors. ALENCON. Of all exploits since first I follow'd arms, Ne'er heard I of a warlike enterprise More venturous or desperate than this.

French arm: bras, armer, accoudoir, branche, accotoir, arme. assault: assaut, assaillir, attaquer, attenter, donner l'assaut, attentat. aye: oui. bound: bond, lié, limite, relié. corner: coin, accaparer, monopoliser, corner, angle. desperate: désespéré. duty: devoir, droit, service, obligation, taxe. enemy: ennemi.

enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons. entrance: admission. exploits: exploite. glad: joyeux, content, heureux. leap: saut, sauter. mount: monter, support, mont, adapter, montage, monture. ready: prêt, disponible. rise: monter, lever, surgir, augmenter,

hausse, se lever, sursauter, montée, se soulever, élévation, augmentation. shirts: chemises. thee: toi, te, vous. unready: pas prêt. wake: sillage, réveiller, se réveiller, se lever, s'éveiller. warlike: guerrier, belliqueux. ways: glissière, façons.

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BASTARD. I think this Talbot be a fiend of hell.% REIGNIER. If not of hell, the heavens, sure, favor him. ALENCON. Here cometh Charles: I marvel how he sped. BASTARD. Tut, holy Joan was his defensive guard. [Enter CHARLES and LA PUCELLE.] CHARLES. Is this thy cunning, thou deceitful dame? Didst thou at first, to flatter us withal, Make us partakers of a little gain, That now our loss might be ten times so much? PUCELLE. Wherefore is Charles impatient with his friend? At all times will you have my power alike? Sleeping or waking must I still prevail, Or will you blame and lay the fault on me? Improvident soldiers! had your watch been good, This sudden mischief never could have fall'n. CHARLES. Duke of Alencon, this was your default, That, being captain of the watch to-night, Did look no better to that weighty charge. ALENCON. Had all your quarters been as safely kept As that whereof I had the government, We had not been thus shamefully surprised.

French blame: blâme, reprocher, gronder, blâmer, sermonner, réprimander, reprendre. captain: capitaine, commandant, capitaine de vaisseau. cunning: rusé, malin, astucieux, artificieux, ruse, sournois, rouerie. deceitful: trompeur. defensive: défensif, défensive. fault: défaut, panne, faute, faille, erreur. favor: faveur, grâce, service,

complaisance, favoriser. fiend: démon. flatter: flatter, flatte, flattons, flattez, flattes, flattent, aduler, adule, adules, adulent, adulez. heavens: cieux. impatient: impatient. lay: poser, posez, poses, posent, posons, laïque, pose, coucher, pondre, commettage, pondent. loss: perte, préjudice, déperdition, affaiblissement, sinistre, déchet,

atténuation. marvel: merveille, s'étonner. mischief: malice. quarters: quartiers. safely: de manière sûre, de façon sûre. shamefully: de manière honteuse, de façon honteuse. sure: sûr, certain, assuré. surprised: surpris. thy: ton. waking: rester éveillé, réveiller. weighty: important, lourd.

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King Henry VI, Part I

BASTARD. Mine was secure.% REIGNIER. And so was mine, my lord. CHARLES. And, for myself, most part of all this night, Within her quarter and mine own precinct I was employ'd in passing to and fro, About relieving of the sentinels: Then how or which way should they first break in? PUCELLE. Question, my lords, no further of the case, How or which way: 'tis sure they found some place But weakly guarded, where the breach was made. And now there rests no other shift but this; To gather our soldiers, scatter'd and dispersed, And lay new platforms to endamage them. [Alarum. Enter an ENGLISH SOLDIER, crying 'A Talbot! a Talbot!' They fly, leaving their clothes behind.] SOLDIER. I 'll be so bold to take what they have left. The cry of Talbot serves me for a sword; For I have loaden me with many spoils, Using no other weapon but his name. [Exit.]

SCENE II. ORLEANS. WITHIN THE TOWN.

French bold: gras, audacieux, épais, gros, hardi, intrépide. breach: brèche, infraction, violation, trouée. clothes: vêtements, vêt, revêt, habille, habits. cry: pleurer, cri, crier, vagir. crying: pleurer. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons.

fly: mouche, voler, volez, voles, volent, vole, volons, volant. gather: rassembler, ramasser, recueillir, réunir, déduire, conclure, collectionner, assembler, fronce, amasser, récolter. guarded: protégé, gardé. leaving: partant, départ, partir. mine: mine, mienne. myself: me. orleans: Orléans. passing: passant, dépassement,

écoulement, passage. platforms: plateformes. quarter: quartier, quart, trimestre, le quart. relieving: soulageant. rests: repose. serves: sert, dessert. shift: décalage, équipe, déplacer, changement, poste, décaler, changer. weakly: faiblement, de manière faible, de façon faible. weapon: arme.

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[Enter TALBOT, BEDFORD, BURGUNDY, a CAPTAIN, and others.] BEDFORD. The day begins to break, and night is fled, Whose pitchy mantle over-veil'd the earth. Here sound retreat, and cease our hot pursuit.% [Retreat sounded.] TALBOT. Bring forth the body of old Salisbury, And here advance it in the market-place, The middle centre of this cursed town. Now have I paid my vow unto his soul; For every drop of blood was drawn from him There hath at least five Frenchmen died to-night. And that hereafter ages may behold What ruin happen'd in revenge of him, Within their chiefest temple I 'll erect A tomb, wherein his corpse shall be interr'd; Upon the which, that every one may read, Shall be engraved the sack of Orleans, The treacherous manner of his mournful death And what a terror he had been to France. But, lords, in all our bloody massacre, I muse we met not with the Dauphin's grace, His new-come champion, virtuous Joan of Arc, Nor any of his false confederates. BEDFORD. 'Tis thought, Lord Talbot, when the fight began, Rous'd on the sudden from their drowsy beds, They did amongst the troops of armed men Leap o'er the walls for refuge in the field.

French advance: avance, avancer, s'approcher, avancement, progresser, progrès, promouvoir, acompte, accélérer, inspirer, progression. ages: vieillit. amongst: parmi. armed: armé. begins: commence, débute. champion: champion. corpse: cadavre, corps. drop: goutte, tomber, chute, abattre, faire tomber, abandonner, baisser,

baisse, laisser tomber, goutte d'eau, s'amoindrir. drowsy: somnolent. engraved: gravé, gravai, gravâtes, gravèrent, grava, gravas, gravâmes. hereafter: désormais, dorénavant, après l'entrée en vigueur de la présente loi, après. hot: chaud. mantle: manteau, pèlerine. mournful: sombre, morne, triste, mélancolique.

muse: muse. pitchy: poisseux. refuge: refuge, abri, retraite. revenge: revanche, vengeance, venger. ruin: ruine, ruiner, abîmer, abaisser, ravager. sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier, suspendre. temple: temple, tempe. tomb: tombe, tombeau. virtuous: vertueux. vow: voeu.

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King Henry VI, Part I

BURGUNDY. Myself, as far as I could well discern For smoke and dusky vapors of the night, Am sure I scared the Dauphin and his trull, When arm in arm they both came swiftly running, Like to a pair of loving turtle-doves That could not live asunder day or night. After that things are set in order here, We'll follow them with all the power we have.% [Enter a MESSENGER.] MESSENGER. All hail, my lords! Which of this princely train Call ye the warlike Talbot, for his acts So much applauded through the realm of France? TALBOT. Here is the Talbot: who would speak with him? MESSENGER. The virtuous lady, Countess of Auvergne, With modesty admiring thy renown, By me entreats, great lord, thou wouldst vouchsafe To visit her poor castle where she lies, That she may boast she hath beheld the man Whose glory fills the world with loud report. BURGUNDY. Is it even so? Nay, then I see our wars Will turn into a peaceful comic sport, When ladies crave to be encount'red with. You may not, my lord, despise her gentle suit. TALBOT. Ne'er trust me then; for when a world of men

French admiring: admirant, admiratif. applauded: applaudîmes, applaudis, applaudit, applaudîtes, applaudi, applaudirent, acclamâmes, acclamé, acclamas, acclamâtes, acclama. beheld: aperçûmes, aperçu, vu, vîtes, vit, vis, virent, vîmes, remarquèrent, remarqué, remarquas. boast: fanfaronner, vanter, faire le malin, se vanter. castle: château, tour, château fort. comic: comique, drôle.

crave: solliciter, sollicites, sollicitez, sollicitent, sollicite, sollicitons. despise: mépriser, méprise, méprises, méprisez, méprisons, méprisent, dédaigner, dédaignent, dédaignez, dédaignons, dédaignes. dusky: crépusculaire, sombre. entreats: implore, supplie. fills: bonde, remplit. gentle: doux, gentil, suave, sucré. hail: grêle, héler, grêler. ladies: dames.

loving: amoureux, aimant. modesty: modestie, pudeur. pair: paire, couple, apparier. peaceful: paisible, pacifique. princely: princier. scared: effrayé. suit: costume, complet, convenir, procès, couleur. swiftly: rapidement, vite, de manière rapide, de façon rapide. vapors: vapeur vive. ye: vous, toi, tu.

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Could not prevail with all their oratory, Yet hath a woman's kindness over-ruled: And therefore tell her I return great thanks, And in submission will attend on her. Will not your honors bear me company? BEDFORD. No, truly; it is more than manners will: And I have heard it said, unbidden guests Are often welcomest when they are gone.% TALBOT. Well then, alone, since there 's no remedy, I mean to prove this lady's courtesy. Come hither, Captain. [Whispers] You perceive my mind? CAPTAIN. I do, my lord, and mean accordingly. [Exeunt.]

SCENE III. AUVERGNE. THE COUNTESS'S CASTLE. [Enter the COUNTESS and her PORTER.] COUNTESS. Porter, remember what I gave in charge; And when you have done so, bring the keys to me. PORTER. Madam, I will. [Exit.] COUNTESS. The plot is laid: if all things fall out right,

French accordingly: donc, en conséquence, par conséquent, ensuite. attend: être présent, assister, soigner, visiter, soignons, assiste, assistes, assistez, assistons, soigne, soignent. bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter. fall: chute, tomber, tombes, tombe, tombez, tombons, tombent, baisse, choir, s'abaisser, s'amoindrir. honors: honore.

keys: clefs. kindness: amabilité, bonté, gentillesse, aménité. laid: posèrent, posai, posa, posâmes, posas, posâtes, posé, vergé, pondu, pondit, pondis. manners: moeurs. perceive: apercevoir, apercevons, apercevez, aperçoivent, aperçois, percevoir, discerner, percevez, perçoivent, percevons, perçois. plot: intrigue, parcelle, tracer,

comploter, conspiration, tracé, terrain, complot, position visualisée. prevail: prévaloir, prévaloyez, prévaux, prévalent, prévalons, prévalez, prévalois. return: retour, revenir, rentrée, retourner, revenu, renvoyer, rendre, rente, rentabilité, déclaration, rendement. submission: soumission, dépôt. unbidden: spontanément.

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I shall as famous be by this exploit As Scythian Tomyris by Cyrus' death. Great is the rumor of this dreadful knight, And his achievements of no less account: Fain would mine eyes be witness with mine ears, To give their censure of these rare reports.% [Enter MESSENGER and TALBOT.] MESSENGER. Madam, According as your ladyship desired, By message craved, so is Lord Talbot come. COUNTESS. And he is welcome. What! is this the man? MESSENGER. Madam, it is. COUNTESS. Is this the scourge of France? Is this the Talbot, so much fear'd abroad That with his name the mothers still their babes? I see report is fabulous and false: I thought I should have seen some Hercules, A second Hector, for his grim aspect, And large proportion of his strong-knit limbs. Alas, this is a child, a silly dwarf! It cannot be this weak and writhled shrimp Should strike such terror to his enemies. TALBOT. Madam, I have been bold to trouble you; But since your ladyship is not at leisure, I 'll sort some other time to visit you.

French achievements: prouesses, accomplissements. bold: gras, audacieux, épais, gros, hardi, intrépide. censure: critiquer, reprendre. craved: sollicitèrent, sollicita, sollicitai, sollicitâmes, sollicitas, sollicitâtes, sollicité. desired: désiré. dreadful: terrible, affreux, épouvantable. fabulous: fabuleux.

famous: célèbre, fameux, illustre, glorieux, renommé, réputé. grim: sinistre, macabre, menaçant. message: message, renseignement. proportion: proportion, proportionner. rare: rare, saignant. rumor: renommée, réputation, rumeur. scourge: fléau, plaie, fouet. silly: idiot, stupide, bête. strike: grève, frapper, heurter,

toucher, forer, battre, saisir, rencontrer, s'allumer, atteindre, parvenir. terror: terreur, effroi. weak: faible, débile, lâche, mou. welcome: bienvenue, accueil, accueillir, bienvenu, accueilles, accueille, accueillent, accueillez, accueillons, recevoir solennellement. witness: témoin, être présent, assister, témoigner.

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COUNTESS. What means he now? Go ask him whither he goes.% MESSENGER. Stay, my Lord Talbot; for my lady craves To know the cause of your abrupt departure. TALBOT. Marry, for that she's in a wrong belief, I go to certify her Talbot's here. [Re-enter PORTER with keys.] COUNTESS. If thou be he, then art thou prisoner. TALBOT. Prisoner! to whom? COUNTESS. To me, blood-thirsty lord; And for that cause I train'd thee to my house. Long time thy shadow hath been thrall to me, For in my gallery thy picture hangs: But now the substance shall endure the like, And I will chain these legs and arms of thine, That hast by tyranny these many years Wasted our country, slain our citizens, And sent our sons and husbands captivate. TALBOT. Ha, ha, ha! COUNTESS. Laughest thou, wretch? Thy mirth shall turn to moan. TALBOT. I laugh to see your ladyship so fond

French abrupt: abrupt, brusque, raide, inattendu, escarpé, soudain, subit, à pic. captivate: captiver, captive, captives, captivons, captivent, captivez. certify: certifier, certifions, certifie, certifient, certifiez, certifies. chain: chaîne, chaînette, enchaînement, enchaîner. departure: départ, disparition. endure: endurer, supporter, endurez, endurent, supportent, supportons,

endurons, supportez, supportes, endure, endures. fond: tendre. gallery: galerie. husbands: maris. lady: dame, madame, demoiselle noble. laugh: rire, rigoler. legs: jambes. moan: gémir, gémissement, geindre. picture: image, figure, tableau, photo. prisoner: prisonnier, détenu.

sent: envoyas, envoyâtes, envoyâmes, envoyèrent, envoya, envoyai, envoyé, adressas, adressâtes, adressé, adressai. shadow: ombre, prendre en filature. sons: fils. substance: substance, fond. tyranny: tyrannie. wretch: malheureux, scélérat. wrong: tort, faux, abusif, incorrect, erroné, injustice, mal.

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To think that you have aught but Talbot's shadow Whereon to practice your severity.% COUNTESS. Why, art not thou the man? TALBOT. I am indeed. COUNTESS. Then have I substance too. TALBOT. No, no, I am but shadow of myself: You are deceived, my substance is not here; For what you see is but the smallest part And least proportion of humanity: I tell you, madam, were the whole frame here, It is of such a spacious lofty pitch, Your roof were not sufficient to contain 't. COUNTESS. This is a riddling merchant for the nonce; He will be here, and yet he is not here: How can these contrarieties agree? TALBOT. That will I show you presently. [Winds his horn. Drums strike up: a peal of ordnance. Enter SOLDIERS.] How say you, madam? are you now persuaded That Talbot is but shadow of himself? These are his substance, sinews, arms and strength, With which he yoketh your rebellious necks, Razeth your cities and subverts your towns, And in a moment makes them desolate.

French agree: consentir, consentent, consentez, consentons, consens, être d'accord, s'accorder, donner son accord, s'harmoniser, admettre, accepter. cities: villes. contain: contenir, contiens, contenons, contenez, contiennent, renfermer, renfermons, renfermez, renferme, renferment, renfermes. deceived: trompé, trompa, trompai, trompâmes, trompas, trompèrent,

trompâtes, déçu, triché, trichâtes, trichai. desolate: désolé, sombre, morne. frame: cadre, trame, châssis, image, encadrer, carcasse, charpente, membrure, couple, bâti, cadrer. horn: corne, avertisseur, cornet, klaxon, trompe, cor, pavillon, pavillon acoustique. lofty: haut, élevé. makes: fait, rend. merchant: négociant, marchand,

commerçant. peal: tinter, sonner. practice: pratique, exercice, pratiquer, appliquer, clientèle, usage, cabinet. rebellious: rebelle, révolté. riddling: criblage. roof: toit, voûte. smallest: le plus petit. spacious: spacieux, ample, étendu, large. subverts: mine, sape. sufficient: suffisant.

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COUNTESS. Victorious Talbot! pardon my abuse: I find thou art no less than fame hath bruited, And more than may be gather'd by thy shape. Let my presumption not provoke thy wrath; For I am sorry that with reverence I did not entertain thee as thou art.% TALBOT. Be not dismay'd, fair lady; nor misconstrue The mind of Talbot, as you did mistake The outward composition of his body. What you have done hath not offended me; Nor other satisfaction do I crave, But only, with your patience, that we may Taste of your wine and see what cates you have; For soldiers' stomachs always serve them well. COUNTESS. With all my heart, and think me honored To feast so great a warrior in my house. [Exeunt.]

SCENE IV. LONDON. THE TEMPLE-GARDEN. [Enter the EARLS OF SOMERSET, SUFFOLK, and WARWICK; RICHARD PLANTAGENET, VERNON, and another LAWYER.] PLANTAGENET. Great lords and gentlemen, what means this silence? Dare no man answer in a case of truth?

French composition: composition, arrangement. entertain: distraire, divertir, régaler, distraient, distrais, distrayez, distrayons, abriter, divertis, divertissons, divertissez. fair: foire, juste, kermesse, blond, marché, équitable, bazar, moral, beau, exposition, loyal. fame: renommée, gloire, réputation, célébrité. gentlemen: messieurs.

offended: offensai, offensèrent, offensâtes, offensa, offensas, offensâmes, offensé, insulté, insultâtes, insultas, insultâmes. outward: vers l'extérieur, sortie. pardon: pardon, pardonner, excuser, grâce. presumption: présomption, supposition. provoke: provoquer, provoque, provoques, provoquons, provoquez, provoquent, irriter, agacer.

satisfaction: satisfaction, contentement. serve: servir, servons, servent, sers, servez, desservir, service, être de service, desservent, desservez, desservons. silence: silence, repos. sorry: désolé. thy: ton. truth: vérité. warrior: guerrier, militaire. wine: vin.

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SUFFOLK. Within the Temple-hall we were too loud; The garden here is more convenient.% PLANTAGENET. Then say at once if I maintain'd the truth; Or else was wrangling Somerset in the error? SUFFOLK. Faith, I have been a truant in the law, And never yet could frame my will to it; And therefore frame the law unto my will. SOMERSET. Judge you, my Lord of Warwick, then, between us. WARWICK. Between two hawks, which flies the higher pitch; Between two dogs, which hath the deeper mouth; Between two blades, which bears the better temper: Between two horses, which doth bear him best; Between two girls, which hath the merriest eye; I have perhaps some shallow spirit of judgment: But in these nice sharp quillets of the law, Good faith, I am no wiser than a daw. PLANTAGENET. Tut, tut, here is a mannerly forbearance: The truth appears so naked on my side That any purblind eye may find it out. SOMERSET. And on my side it is so well apparell'd, So clear, so shining and so evident, That it will glimmer through a blind man's eye.

French appears: apparaît. bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter. bears: ours. blades: aubage, lames. blind: aveugle, éblouir, aveugler, store, éblouissons, aveuglez, aveuglent, éblouissez, aveugles, éblouissent, éblouis. deeper: plusieurs traductions selon le contexte.

dogs: griffes médianes, griffes de serrage. error: erreur, faute, méprise. faith: foi. flies: vole. frame: cadre, trame, châssis, image, encadrer, carcasse, charpente, membrure, couple, bâti, cadrer. garden: jardin, jardiner, faire du jardinage. girls: filles. glimmer: luire, briller, faible lueur.

horses: chevaux. mannerly: courtois. merriest: le plus joyeux. naked: nu, dénudé. shallow: peu profond, superficiel. sharp: aigu, acéré, coupant, tranchant, perçant, piquant, précisément, dièse, âcre, à l'heure, justement. shining: luisant, brillant. truant: vagabond. tut: zut.

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PLANTAGENET. Since you are tongue-tied and so loath to speak, In dumb significants proclaim your thoughts: Let him that is a true-born gentleman And stands upon the honor of his birth, If he suppose that I have pleaded truth, From off this brier pluck a white rose with me.% SOMERSET. Let him that is no coward nor no flatterer, But dare maintain the party of the truth, Pluck a red rose from off this thorn with me. WARWICK. I love no colours, and without all colour Of base insinuating flattery I pluck this white rose with Plantagenet. SUFFOLK. I pluck this red rose with young Somerset, And say withal I think he held the right. VERNON. Stay, lords and gentlemen, and pluck no more, Till you conclude that he, upon whose side The fewest roses are cropp'd from the tree Shall yield the other in the right opinion. SOMERSET. Good Master Vernon, it is well objected: If I have fewest, I subscribe in silence. PLANTAGENET. And I. VERNON. Then for the truth and plainness of the case,

French base: base, baser, assise, culot, embase, abject, lâche, pied, socle, patin, fonder. brier: brier. conclude: conclure, concluez, concluent, concluons, conclus, terminer. coward: lâche, couard, peureux, poltron. dumb: muet. fewest: peu de. honor: honneur, honorer.

insinuating: insinuant. loath: peu disposé. maintain: maintenir, maintenez, maintiens, maintenons, maintiennent, conserver, conservent, conservons, conserve, conserves, conservez. opinion: avis, opinion, vœu. plainness: simplicité, manque de beauté. pluck: cueillir, ramasser, plumer, courage, fressure. proclaim: proclamer, proclames,

proclame, proclamons, proclamez, proclament. red: rouge. rose: rose. subscribe: s'abonner, souscrire, souscrivent, souscris, souscrivons, souscrivez. suppose: supposer, suppose, supposes, supposons, supposent, supposez. thorn: épine.

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I pluck this pale and maiden blossom here, Giving my verdict on the white rose side.% SOMERSET. Prick not your finger as you pluck it off, Lest bleeding, you do paint the white rose red, And fall on my side so, against your will. VERNON. If I, my lord, for my opinion bleed, Opinion shall be surgeon to my hurt And keep me on the side where still I am. SOMERSET. Well, well, come on: who else? LAWYER. Unless my study and my books be false, The argument you held was wrong in you; [To SOMERSET.] In sign whereof I pluck a white rose too. PLANTAGENET. Now, Somerset, where is your argument? SOMERSET. Here in my scabbard, meditating that Shall dye your white rose in a bloody red. PLANTAGENET. Meantime your cheeks do counterfeit our roses; For pale they look with fear, as witnessing The truth on our side. SOMERSET. No, Plantagenet, 'Tis not for fear but anger that thy cheeks

French anger: colère. argument: argument, débat, dispute, discussion. bleeding: hémorragie, saignement, saignant, saignée, purgeant, purge, dégorgement, ressuage. bloody: sanglant. blossom: fleur, fleurir, floraison, affleurement oxydé. books: livres. cheeks: joues. counterfeit: contrefaçon, contrefaire,

faux, contrefait. dye: teindre, couleur, colorant, teinte, teinture, peinture. fear: peur, crainte, craindre, angoisse, redouter, appréhension, avoir peur. finger: doigt, tâter. held: tenu. maiden: vierge, brin. meditating: méditant, songeant. opinion: avis, opinion, vœu. paint: peinture, peindre, couleur, dépeindre.

pale: pâle, blême. pluck: cueillir, ramasser, plumer, courage, fressure. scabbard: fourreau. sign: signe, signer, signal, écriteau, augure, panneau, preuve, enseigne, témoignage, indication, panneau de signalisation. surgeon: chirurgien. thy: ton. truth: vérité. verdict: verdict, sentence, jugement.

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Blush for pure shame to counterfeit our roses, And yet thy tongue will not confess thy error.% PLANTAGENET. Hath not thy rose a canker, Somerset? SOMERSET. Hath not thy rose a thorn, Plantagenet? PLANTAGENET. Ay, sharp and piercing, to maintain his truth; Whiles thy consuming canker eats his falsehood. SOMERSET. Well, I 'll find friends to wear my bleeding roses, That shall maintain what I have said is true, Where false Plantagenet dare not be seen. PLANTAGENET. Now, by this maiden blossom in my hand, I scorn thee and thy fashion, peevish boy. SUFFOLK. Turn not thy scorns this way, Plantagenet. PLANTAGENET. Proud Pole, I will, and scorn both him and thee. SUFFOLK. I'll turn my part thereof into thy throat. SOMERSET. Away, away, good William de la Pole! We grace the yeoman by conversing with him. WARWICK. Now, by God's will, thou wrong'st him, Somerset; His grandfather was Lionel Duke of Clarence, Third son to the third Edward King of England: Spring crestless yeomen from so deep a root?

French bleeding: hémorragie, saignement, saignant, saignée, purgeant, purge, dégorgement, ressuage. blossom: fleur, fleurir, floraison, affleurement oxydé. boy: garçon, gosse, serviteur, domestique, gamin. canker: cancer, chancre, ulcère. confess: confesser, avouer, confessent, confessons, confessez, confesses, confesse, avouent, avouons, avoues, avoue.

consuming: consommant, consumant. conversing: conversant. counterfeit: contrefaçon, contrefaire, faux, contrefait. eats: mange. falsehood: mensonge. fashion: mode, façon. friends: amis. grace: grâce, charme. grandfather: aïeul. maiden: vierge, brin. peevish: maussade, grincheux.

piercing: perçant. root: racine, enraciner, origine, s'enraciner. scorn: dédain, mépriser, mépris. thee: toi, te, vous. thereof: de cela. thorn: épine. thou: tu, vous, toi. throat: gorge, la gorge, gosier. thy: ton. tongue: langue, languette.

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PLANTAGENET. He bears him on the place's privilege, Or durst not, for his craven heart, say thus.% SOMERSET. By Him that made me, I'll maintain my words On any plot of ground in Christendom. Was not thy father, Richard Earl of Cambridge, For treason executed in our late king's days? And, by his treason, stand'st not thou attainted, Corrupted, and exempt from ancient gentry? His trespass yet lives guilty in thy blood; And, till thou be restored, thou art a yeoman. PLANTAGENET. My father was attached, not attainted, Condemn'd to die for treason, but no traitor; And that I'll prove on better men than Somerset, Were growing time once ripen'd to my will. For your partaker Pole and you yourself, I'll note you in my book of memory, To scourge you for this apprehension: Look to it well and say you are well warn'd. SOMERSET. Ay, thou shalt find us ready for thee still; And know us by these colors for thy foes, For these my friends in spite of thee shall wear. PLANTAGENET. And, by my soul, this pale and angry rose, As cognizance of my blood-drinking hate, Will I for ever and my faction wear, Until it wither with me to my grave, Or flourish to the height of my degree.

French ancient: antique, ancien. angry: fâché, en colère, irrité, furieux. attached: attaché, attachai, attachèrent, attachâmes, attacha, attachâtes, attachas, apposa, apposèrent, apposé, apposâtes. cognizance: connaissance. colors: colore. craven: lâche, poltron. degree: degré, grade, titre, intitulé, diplôme, rang. executed: exécutâtes, exécutas,

exécuté, exécuta, exécutai, exécutâmes, exécutèrent. exempt: dispenser, exempter, exempt. flourish: prospérer, prospèrent, prospérons, prospères, prospérez, prospère. ground: sol, terre, terrain, fond, masse, échouer, motif. growing: croissant, grandissant. guilty: coupable. height: hauteur, altitude, taille. lives: vit, habite, loge.

note: note, noter, billet, nota, remarque, ticket, mention. restored: restaurai, restaurèrent, restaurâtes, restaurâmes, restaura, restauras, restauré, rétablîtes, rétabli, rétablîmes, rétablirent. scourge: fléau, plaie, fouet. till: caisse, à, jusqu'à ce que. treason: trahison. trespass: atteinte, offense, entrée sans permission, empiéter. wither: se faner, dessécher, se flétrir.

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SUFFOLK. Go%forward, and be chok'd with thy ambition! And so farewell until I meet thee next. [Exit.] SOMERSET. Have with thee, Pole. Farewell, ambitious Richard. [Exit.] PLANTAGENET. How I am braved and must perforce endure it! WARWICK. This blot that they object against your house Shall be wiped out in the next parliament Call'd for the truce of Winchester and Gloucester; And if thou be not then created York, I will not live to be accounted Warwick. Meantime, in signal of my love to thee, Against proud Somerset and William Pole, Will I upon thy party wear this rose: And here I prophesy: this brawl to-day, Grown to this faction in the Temple-garden, Shall send between the red rose and the white A thousand souls to death and deadly night. PLANTAGENET. Good Master Vernon, I am bound to you, That you on my behalf would pluck a flower. VERNON. In your behalf still will I wear the same. LAWYER. And so will I.

French behalf: part. blot: tache, pâté. brawl: bagarre, rixe. created: créé, créai, créâmes, créèrent, créa, créâtes, créas. deadly: mortel, meurtrier, de façon morte, de manière morte. endure: endurer, supporter, endurez, endurent, supportent, supportons, endurons, supportez, supportes, endure, endures. farewell: adieu.

flower: fleur, fleurir. meet: rencontrer, rencontrez, rencontrons, rencontres, rencontrent, rencontre, réunir, se réunir. object: objet, chose. perforce: forcément. pluck: cueillir, ramasser, plumer, courage, fressure. prophesy: prédire, prédisent, prédis, prédisons, prédisez, augurer, augure, augurons, augures, augurent, augurez.

send: envoyer, envoies, envoie, envoyons, envoient, envoyez, adresser, adresse, adressent, adresses, adressez. signal: signal, signaler, signe. thee: toi, te, vous. thousand: mille, millier. thy: ton. truce: trêve. wiped: essuyas, essuyâtes, essuyai, essuyé, essuyâmes, essuya, essuyèrent.

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PLANTAGENET. Thanks, gentle sir. Come, let us four to dinner: I dare say This quarrel will drink blood another day.% [Exeunt.]

SCENE V. THE TOWER OF LONDON. [Enter MORTIMER, brought in a chair, and JAILERS.] MORTIMER. Kind keepers of my weak decaying age, Let dying Mortimer here rest himself. Even like a man new haled from the rack, So fare my limbs with long imprisonment; And these gray locks, the pursuivants of death, Nestor-like aged in an age of care, Argue the end of Edmund Mortimer. These eyes, like lamps whose wasting oil is spent, Wax dim, as drawing to their exigent; Weak shoulders, overborne with burdening grief, And pithless arms, like to a wither'd vine That droops his sapless branches to the ground: Yet are these feet, whose strengthless stay is numb, Unable to support this lump of clay, Swift-winged with desire to get a grave, As witting I no other comfort have. But tell me, keeper, will my nephew come? FIRST JAILER. Richard Plantagenet, my lord, will come:

French aged: âgé, vieilli, vieux. blood: sang. burdening: surcharger, alourdissant. chair: chaise, siège, chaire. comfort: confort, consoler, consolation, réconfort, réconforter. decaying: pourrir. desire: désir, désirer, souhait, souhaiter, envie. dim: faible, sombre, obscur, brouiller, rendre confus, rendre trouble. dinner: dîner, déjeuner, souper.

drawing: dessin, dessinant, puisant, étirage, tirage, appâtant, traçant. drink: boisson, boire, consommation, s'enivrer. fare: aller, se porter, prix du billet. feet: pieds. gray: gris, gray. keeper: conservateur, crochet, dragonne, arrêtoir, armature, passant, fondeur, rappel, sabot. limbs: membres. locks: abats.

lump: masse, bloc, morceau, boule, motte, pièce, grumeau, gros morceau, fragment, bosse, pan. nephew: neveu. oil: huile, pétrole, graisser. quarrel: querelle, dispute, se quereller, se disputer, noise. rest: repos, se reposer, reste, débris, reposer, appui, trêve, pause, support. wasting: gaspillant, gâchant, prodiguant, gaspillage. whose: dont, duquel, de qui.

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We sent unto the Temple, unto his chamber; And answer was return'd that he will come.% MORTIMER. Enough: my soul shall then be satisfied. Poor gentleman! his wrong doth equal mine. Since Henry Monmouth first began to reign, Before whose glory I was great in arms, This loathsome sequestration have I had; And even since then hath Richard been obscured, Deprived of honour and inheritance. But now the arbitrator of despairs, Just Death, kind umpire of men's miseries, With sweet enlargement doth dismiss me hence: I would his troubles likewise were expired, That so he might recover what was lost. [Enter RICHARD PLANTAGENET.] FIRST JAILER. My lord, your loving nephew now is come. MORTIMER. Richard Plantagenet, my friend, is he come? PLANTAGENET. Aye, noble uncle, thus ignobly used, Your nephew, late despised Richard, comes. MORTIMER. Direct mine arms I may embrace his neck, And in his bosom spend my latter gasp: O, tell me when my lips do touch his cheeks, That I may kindly give one fainting kiss. And now declare, sweet stem from York's great stock, Why didst thou say of late thou wert despised?

French arbitrator: arbitre, médiateur, amiable compositeur. bosom: sein, poitrine. declare: déclarer, déclarent, déclarons, déclarez, déclare, déclares. despised: méprisé, méprisèrent, méprisa, méprisai, méprisâmes, méprisas, méprisâtes, dédaigna, dédaigné, dédaignâmes, dédaignèrent. dismiss: licencier, renvoyer, licencie, renvoyez, renvoies, renvoient,

renvoie, licencions, licenciez, licencies, licencient. embrace: embrasser, étreinte, prendre dans les bras, embrassade, embrassement, embrassent. enlargement: agrandissement, accroissement. fainting: évanouissement, syncope, défaillance, défaillant. ignobly: de manière ignoble, de façon ignoble. kindly: complaisamment, de manière

gentille, de façon gentille. loathsome: détestable, répugnant. recover: récupérer, récupère, récupères, récupérez, récupérons, récupèrent, recouvrer, recouvre, recouvres, recouvrez, recouvrons. sequestration: séquestration, séquestre, mise sous séquestre. stem: tige, tronc, queue, étrave, fût, racine, jambe, pied, radical. troubles: gêne, troubles. umpire: arbitre, surarbitre.

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PLANTAGENET. First, lean thine aged back against mine arm; And, in that case, I'll tell thee my disease. This day, in argument upon a case, Some words there grew 'twixt Somerset and me; Among which terms he used his lavish tongue And did upbraid me with my father's death: Which obloquy set bars before my tongue, Else with the like I had requited him. Therefore, good uncle, for my father's sake, In honor of a true Plantagenet And for alliance sake, declare the cause My father, Earl of Cambridge, lost his head.% MORTIMER. That cause, fair nephew, that imprison'd me And hath detain'd me all my flowering youth Within a loathsome dungeon, there to pine, Was cursed instrument of his decease. PLANTAGENET. Discover more at large what cause that was, For I am ignorant and cannot guess. MORTIMER. I will, if that my fading breath permit, And death approach not ere my tale be done. Henry the Fourth, grandfather to this king, Deposed his nephew Richard, Edward's son, The first-begotten and the lawful heir Of Edward king, the third of that descent; During whose reign the Percies of the north, Finding his usurpation most unjust, Endeavour'd my advancement to the throne.

French advancement: avancement, progrès. alliance: alliance. breath: souffle, haleine, respiration, le souffle. cause: cause, causer, faire, rendre, déterminer, procurer, entraîner des conséquences, situer, occasionner, motif. decease: décès, décéder. dungeon: cachot. fading: évanouissement, décoloration, pâlissant, fading, fondu, décolorant,

déteignant, fluctuation. flowering: floraison. grew: crûmes, crût, crûtes, grandîtes, grandit, grandis, grandîmes, crûs, grandirent, crûrent. guess: deviner, supposer, supposition. honor: honneur, honorer. ignorant: ignorant. instrument: instrument. lavish: prodigue, prodiguer, généreux. lawful: légal, légitime, licite. lean: maigre, appuyer, accoter, mince,

s'adosser, s'accoter, adosser. reign: règne, commandement, gouvernement, tenue. sake: saké. tale: conte, récit, relation. terms: conditions, condition, termes. upbraid: réprimandent, réprimandons, réprimandez, réprimande, morigénez, morigénes, morigénent, morigéne, réprimandes, morigénons, morigéner. usurpation: usurpation.

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The%reason moved these warlike lords to this Was, for that--young King Richard thus removed, Leaving no heir begotten of his body-I was the next by birth and parentage; For by my mother I derived am From Lionel Duke of Clarence, third son To King Edward the Third; whereas he From John of Gaunt doth bring his pedigree, Being but fourth of that heroic line. But mark: as in this haughty great attempt They labored to plant the rightful heir, I lost my liberty and they their lives. Long after this, when Henry the Fifth, Succeeding his father Bolingbroke, did reign, Thy father, Earl of Cambridge, then derived From famous Edmund Langley, Duke of York, Marrying my sister that thy mother was, Again in pity of my hard distress. Levied an army, weening to redeem And have install'd me in the diadem: But, as the rest, so fell that noble earl And was beheaded. Thus the Mortimers, In whom the title rested, were suppress'd. PLANTAGENET. Of which, my lord, your honor is the last. MORTIMER. True; and thou seest that I no issue have, And that my fainting words do warrant death: Thou art my heir; the rest I wish thee gather: But yet be wary in thy studious care.

French army: armée, armée militaire. begotten: engendré. beheaded: décapitâmes, décapitèrent, décapitâtes, décapitas, décapita, décapitai, décapité. derived: dérivé, dériva, dérivâmes, dérivai, dérivèrent, dérivas, dérivâtes. fell: tombas, tombâtes, tomba, tombai, tombèrent, tombâmes, abattre, chus, chûtes, abattîtes, abattit. fourth: quatrième, quart, quarte.

hard: dur, difficile, pénible. heir: héritier, légataire. heroic: héroïque. liberty: liberté. mark: marque, marquer, estampiller, cachet, signe, mark, note, signal, témoignage, repère, tracer. moved: ému. pity: pitié, plaindre, compassion, compatir, apitoiement, avoir pitié, mal, s'apitoyer. plant: plante, végétal, planter, usine,

installation. rested: reposé. rightful: légitime. sister: soeur. studious: studieux. title: titre, intitulé. wary: prudent. whereas: attendu que, tandis que, durant, alors que, lors, pendant que, pendant. wish: souhait, désir, désirer, souhaiter, vouloir, volonté, gré.

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King Henry VI, Part I

PLANTAGENET. Thy grave admonishments prevail with me: But yet, methinks, my father's execution Was nothing less than bloody tyranny.% MORTIMER. With silence, nephew, be thou politic: Strong-fixed is the house of Lancaster, And like a mountain not to be removed. But now thy uncle is removing hence; As princes do their courts, when they are cloy'd With long continuance in a settled place. PLANTAGENET. O, uncle, would some part of my young years Might but redeem the passage of your age! MORTIMER. Thou dost then wrong me, as that slaughterer doth Which giveth many wounds when one will kill. Mourn not, except thou sorrow for my good; Only give order for my funeral: And so farewell, and fair be all thy hopes, And prosperous be thy life in peace and war! [Dies.] PLANTAGENET. And peace, no war, befall thy parting soul! In prison hast thou spent a pilgrimage, And like a hermit overpass'd thy days. Well, I will lock his counsel in my breast; And what I do imagine let that rest. Keepers, convey him hence; and I myself Will see his burial better than his life. [Exeunt JAILERS, bearing out the body of MORTIMER.]

French bearing: coussinet, relèvement, palier, roulement, support. burial: enterrement, obsèques, ensevelissement, enfouissement. continuance: continuation. convey: transmettre. counsel: conseil, conseiller, avis, avocat, défenseur. courts: brigue. except: sauf, excepter, hormis, excepté, exempter, dispenser, exclure, en outre, à moins que.

grave: tombe, grave, sérieux. hermit: ermite. imagine: imaginer, imagine, imagines, imaginent, imaginez, imaginons. lock: écluse, serrure, verrou, fermer, verrouiller, fermer à clé, écluse à sas. mountain: montagne, mont. parting: séparation, raie. passage: passage, couloir, corridor, traversée, canal. prison: prison. redeem: racheter, rachètes, rachète,

rachetons, rachetez, rachètent, rembourser. removing: supprimant, ôtant, enlevant. settled: réglâmes, régla, réglas, réglèrent, réglai, réglâtes, réglé. slaughterer: abatteur de bestiaux, abatteur, tueur. sorrow: abattement, chagrin.

William Shakespeare

Here %dies the dusky torch of Mortimer, Choked with ambition of the meaner sort: And for those wrongs, those bitter injuries, Which Somerset hath offer'd to my house, I doubt not but with honour to redress; And therefore haste I to the parliament, Either to be restored to my blood, Or make my ill the advantage of my good. [Exit.]

French advantage: avantage, intérêt. rétablîmes, rétablirent. ambition: ambition, souhait, torch: torche, lampe de poche, lampe aspiration. torche, flambeau. bitter: amer, âcre, acerbe. doubt: doute, douter. dusky: crépusculaire, sombre. haste: hâte. honour: honneur, honorer. ill: malade, malsain, mal. restored: restaurai, restaurèrent, restaurâtes, restaurâmes, restaura, restauras, restauré, rétablîtes, rétabli,

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King Henry VI, Part I

ACT III

SCENE I. LONDON. THE PARLIAMENT-HOUSE.% [Flourish. Enter KING, EXETER, GLOUCESTER, WARWICK, SOMERSET, and SUFFOLK; the BISHOP OF WINCHESTER, RICHARD PLANTAGENET, and others. GLOUCESTER offers to put up a bill; WINCHESTER snatches it, tears it.] WINCHESTER. Comest thou with deep premeditated lines, With written pamphlets studiously devised, Humphrey of Gloucester? If thou canst accuse, Or aught intend'st to lay unto my charge. Do it without invention, suddenly; As I with sudden and extemporal speech Purpose to answer what thou canst object. GLOUCESTER. Presumptuous priest! this place commands my patience, Or thou shouldst find thou hast dishonor'd me. Think not, although in writing I preferr'd The manner of thy vile outrageous crimes,

French answer: réponse, répondre, répondez, réplique. bill: bec, addition, note, facture, billet, projet de loi, traite, ticket, effet, compte, lettre de change. commands: ordres. deep: profond. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons. invention: invention.

lay: poser, posez, poses, posent, posons, laïque, pose, coucher, pondre, commettage, pondent. manner: manière, façon. object: objet, chose. offers: offrit. outrageous: scandaleux. premeditated: prémédité. priest: prêtre, curé, abbé. studiously: de manière studieuse, de façon studieuse. sudden: subit, soudain.

tears: larmes. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. vile: vil, abject, lâche, infâme. writing: écrivant, écriture, écrit, inscription. written: écrit.

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That therefore I have forged, or am not able Verbatim to rehearse the method of my pen: No, prelate; such is thy audacious wickedness, Thy lewd, pestiferous and dissentious pranks, As very infants prattle of thy pride. Thou art a most pernicious usurer, Froward by nature, enemy to peace; Lascivious, wanton, more than well beseems A man of thy profession and degree; And for thy treachery, what's more manifest In that thou laid'st a trap to take my life, As well at London-bridge as at the Tower. Beside, I fear me, if thy thoughts are sifted The king, thy sovereign, is not quite exempt From envious malice of thy swelling heart.% WINCHESTER. Gloucester, I do defy thee. Lords, vouchsafe To give me hearing what I shall reply. If I were covetous, ambitious, or perverse, As he will have me, how am I so poor? Or how haps it I seek not to advance Or raise myself, but keep my wonted calling? And for dissension, who preferreth peace More than I do?--except I be provoked. No, my good lords, it is not that offends; It is not that that hath incensed the duke: It is, because no one should sway but he; No one but he should be about the king; And that engenders thunder in his breast, And makes him roar these accusations forth. But he shall know I am as good--

French audacious: audacieux, hardi. covetous: avide. defy: défier, provoquer, défions, défient, défiez, défies, provoquons, provoquez, provoques, provoquent, provoque. dissension: discorde. engenders: engendre. envious: envieux. forged: forgé, contrefait. hearing: entendant, audition, audience, ouïe, audition publique,

oyant. incensed: courroucé. lewd: lascif, lubrique. malice: malice, méchanceté, malveillance. pernicious: pernicieux. prattle: jacasserie. prelate: prélat. profession: profession. rehearse: répéter, répètent, répétons, répète, répétez, répètes. roar: gronder, mugir, rugir.

seek: chercher, cherches, cherche, cherchent, cherchez, cherchons, railler, raille, raillons, raillez, raillent. sway: vaciller, balancement, oscillation, osciller, se balancer. swelling: gonflement, enflure, tuméfaction, foisonnement, grosseur, renflement. thunder: tonnerre, tonner, retenir. trap: piège, trappe, piéger, siphon. wanton: dévergondé. wonted: habituel, accoutumé.

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GLOUCESTER. As good! Thou bastard of my grandfather! WINCHESTER. Aye, lordly sir; for what are you, I pray, But one imperious in another's throne? GLOUCESTER. Am I not protector, saucy priest? WINCHESTER. And am not I a prelate of the church? GLOUCESTER. Yes, as an outlaw in a castle keeps And useth it to patronage his theft.% WINCHESTER. Unreverent Gloster! GLOUCESTER. Thou art reverent Touching thy spiritual function, not thy life. WINCHESTER. Rome shall remedy this. WARWICK. Roam thither, then. SOMERSET. My lord, it were your duty to forbear. WARWICK. Ay, see the bishop be not overborne. SOMERSET. Methinks my lord should be religious, And know the office that belongs to such.

French art: art. bastard: bâtard, métis, enfant naturel, roche massive, salaud. belongs: appartient. bishop: évêque, fou. castle: château, tour, château fort. duty: devoir, droit, service, obligation, taxe. forbear: s'abstenir. function: fonctionner, emploi, office, service. grandfather: aïeul.

imperious: impérieux. lord: seigneur, monsieur. lordly: seigneurial. outlaw: proscrit. patronage: clientèle, patronage. prelate: prélat. priest: prêtre, curé, abbé. protector: protecteur. remedy: remède, moyen, ressource, assainir, guérir. saucy: impertinent. sir: monsieur.

spiritual: spirituel. thither: là. throne: trône. thy: ton.

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WARWICK. Methinks his lordship should be humbler; It fitteth not a prelate so to plead.% SOMERSET. Yes, when his holy state is touch'd so near. WARWICK. State holy or unhallow'd, what of that? Is not his grace protector to the king? PLANTAGENET. [Aside] Plantagenet, I see, must hold his tongue, Lest it be said, 'Speak, sirrah, when you should: Must your bold verdict enter talk with lords?' Else would I have a fling at Winchester. KING. Uncles of Gloucester and of Winchester, The special watchmen of our English weal, I would prevail, if prayers might prevail, To join your hearts in love and amity. O, what a scandal is it to our crown, That two such noble peers as ye should jar! Believe me, lords, my tender years can tell Civil dissension is a viperous worm That gnaws the bowels of the commonwealth. [A noise within, 'Down with the tawny-coats!' What tumult's this? WARWICK. An uproar, I dare warrant, Begun through malice of the bishop's men. [A noise again, 'Stones! stones!' Enter MAYOR.]

French bold: gras, audacieux, épais, gros, hardi, intrépide. bowels: intestins. dare: oser, aventurer, ose, osons, osez, oses, osent, aventurez, aventures, aventurent, aventure. dissension: discorde. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons. fling: brandir, agiter, jeter, lancer.

gnaws: ronge. grace: grâce, charme. hearts: coeurs. holy: saint, sacré. lordship: seigneurie. malice: malice, méchanceté, malveillance. noble: noble, élevé. noise: bruit, bruit de fond, tapage, souffle. prayers: prières. prelate: prélat.

prevail: prévaloir, prévaloyez, prévaux, prévalent, prévalons, prévalez, prévalois. protector: protecteur. scandal: scandale, agacement. tender: offre, tendre, adjudication, doux, tender, annexe, offrir, présenter, proposition, gentil, suave. uproar: tumulte, vacarme, tapage. verdict: verdict, sentence, jugement. ye: vous, toi, tu.

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King Henry VI, Part I

MAYOR. O, my good lords, and virtuous Henry, Pity the city of London, pity us! The bishop and the Duke of Gloucester's men, Forbidden late to carry any weapon, Have fill'd their pockets full of pebble stones, And banding themselves in contrary parts Do pelt so fast at one another's pate That many have their giddy brains knock'd out: Our windows are broke down in every street, And we for fear compell'd to shut our shops.% [Enter SERVING-MEN, in skirmish, with bloody pates.] KING. We charge you, on allegiance to ourself, To hold your slaughtering hands and keep the peace. Pray, uncle Gloucester, mitigate this strife. FIRST SERVING-MAN. Nay, if we be forbidden stones, we 'll fall to it with our teeth. SECOND SERVING-MAN. Do what ye dare, we are as resolute. [Skirmish again.] GLOUCESTER. You of my household, leave this peevish broil And set this unaccustom'd fight aside. THIRD SERVING-MAN. My lord, we know your grace to be a man Just and upright; and, for your royal birth, Inferior to none but to his Majesty: And ere that we will suffer such a prince, So kind a father of the commonweal,

French allegiance: allégeance. aside: de côté, aparté, excepté. banding: effet de bande, alaise, rubanement. brains: cervelle, cerveau. contrary: contraire, opposé, contradictoire. ere: avant, avant que. fast: rapide, vite, jeûner, rapidement, ferme, jeûne, prompt, carême. forbidden: interdit, défendu, interdite. giddy: étourdi.

hold: tenir, prise, maintien, cale, contenir, blocage, pause, tenue, retenir. household: ménage. leave: partir, partent, partons, pars, partez, abandonner, laisser, permission, quitter, congé, délaisser. mitigate: adoucir, atténuer, mitiger. pebble: galet. peevish: maussade, grincheux. pelt: peau, fourrure. pockets: empoche, cases, poches.

resolute: résolu. royal: royal. skirmish: escarmouche, accrochage. slaughtering: abattage. strife: conflit. teeth: dents, denture. upright: montant, droit, intègre, honnête, debout, vertical, montant droit. virtuous: vertueux. windows: fenêtres. ye: vous, toi, tu.

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To be disgraced by an inkhorn mate, We and our wives and children all will fight, And have our bodies slaughter'd by thy foes.% FIRST SERVING-MAN. Aye, and the very parings of our nails Shall pitch a field when we are dead. [Begin again.] GLOUCESTER. Stay, stay, I say! And if you love me, as you say you do, Let me persuade you to forbear awhile. KING. O, how this discord doth afflict my soul! Can you, my Lord of Winchester, behold My sighs and tears and will not once relent? Who should be pitiful, if you be not? Or who should study to prefer a peace, If holy churchmen take delight in broils? WARWICK. Yield, my lord protector; yield, Winchester; Except you mean with obstinate repulse To slay your sovereign and destroy the realm. You see what mischief and what murder too Hath been enacted through your enmity; Then be at peace, except ye thirst for blood. WINCHESTER. He shall submit, or I will never yield. GLOUCESTER. Compassion on the king commands me stoop;

French afflict: affliger, affligent, afflige, affligeons, affliges, affligez, désoler, désolons, désole, désolent, désolez. bodies: corps. broils: grille. destroy: détruire, détruisez, détruisent, détruisons, détruis, ravager, démolir, ravages, ravageons, ravagent, ravage. discord: discorde, désaccord. disgraced: disgracié, disgraciés, disgraciées, disgraciée, disgraciâmes.

enacted: décrété, promulgué, prit, édictèrent, promulguâtes, promulguas, promulguâmes, promulguai, prîtes, pris, prirent. forbear: s'abstenir. obstinate: obstiné, têtu, tenace, entêté. persuade: persuader, persuades, persuade, persuadons, persuadent, persuadez, convaincre, inspirer. pitch: tangage, hauteur tonale, pas, tonie, poix, écartement, inclinaison, espacement, ton, longueur, brai.

pitiful: pitoyable, pauvre, misérable, malheureux, lamentable. prefer: préférer, préfères, préférez, préfèrent, préférons, préfère, aimer mieux. slay: tuer, tuons, tuez, tue, tuent, tues, abattre, rectifier. submit: soumettre, soumettons, soumets, soumettez, soumettent, abdiquer, se soumettre. thirst: soif, avoir soif.

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Or I would see his heart out, ere the priest Should ever get that privilege of me.% WARWICK. Behold, my Lord of Winchester, the duke Hath banish'd moody discontented fury, As by his smoothed brows it doth appear: Why look you still so stem and tragical? GLOUCESTER. Here, Winchester, I offer thee my hand. KING. Fie, uncle Beaufort! I have heard you preach That malice was a great and grievous sin; And will not you maintain the thing you teach, But prove a chief offender in the same? WARWICK. Sweet king! the bishop hath a kindly gird. For shame, my lord of Winchester, relent! What, shall a child instruct you what to do? WINCHESTER. Well, Duke of Gloucester, I will yield to thee; Love for thy love and hand for hand I give. GLOUCESTER. [Aside] Aye, but, I fear me, with a hollow heart.-See here, my friends and loving countrymen; This token serveth for a flag of truce Betwixt ourselves and all our followers: So help me God, as I dissemble not!

French chief: chef, principal, dominant. discontented: mécontent. dissemble: agir en hypocrite, dissimuler. ere: avant, avant que. flag: drapeau, pavillon, indicateur, étendard, fanion, dalle, banderole, cavalier. grievous: douloureux, cruel. hollow: creux, cavité, caver. instruct: instruire, instruisent, instruisons, instruis, instruisez,

donner des instructions, enseigner. kindly: complaisamment, de manière gentille, de façon gentille. loving: amoureux, aimant. malice: malice, méchanceté, malveillance. offender: offenseur, contrevenant. offer: offre, offrir, proposition, proposer, présenter, sacrifier, consacrer, faire offrande. ourselves: nous. privilege: privilège, privilégier.

smoothed: bords lisses. stem: tige, tronc, queue, étrave, fût, racine, jambe, pied, radical. thee: toi, te, vous. thy: ton. token: jeton, signe, témoignage, signal, marque, preuve, gage. tragical: tragique. yield: rendement, céder, cèdent, cèdes, cédez, cédons, cède, abandonner, produire, abdiquer, reculer.

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WINCHESTER. [Aside] So help me God, as I intend it not! KING. O loving uncle, kind Duke of Gloucester, How joyful am I made by this contract! Away, my masters! trouble us no more; But join in friendship, as your lords have done.% FIRST SERVING-MAN. Content: I'll to the surgeon's. SECOND SERVING-MAN. And so will I. THIRD SERVING-MAN. And I will see what physic the tavern affords. [Exeunt SERVING-MEN, MAYOR, etc.] WARWICK. Accept this scroll, most gracious sovereign; Which in the right of Richard Plantagenet. We do exhibit to your majesty. GLOUCESTER. Well urged, my Lord of Warwick: for, sweet prince, An if your Grace mark every circumstance, You have great reason to do Richard right: Especially for those occasions At Eltham place I told your majesty. KING. And those occasions, uncle, were of force; Therefore, my loving lords, our pleasure is That Richard be restored to his blood.

French affords: produit. blood: sang. exhibit: exposer, objet exposé, exhiber, montrer. friendship: amitié, camaraderie. gracious: gracieux. intend: viser, visent, visons, visez, vise, vises, avoir pour but, projeter, projettent, projette, projetons. join: joindre, joignons, joignent, joignez, joins, unir, relier, reliez, relions, relies, relient.

joyful: joyeux, heureux. loving: amoureux, aimant. majesty: majesté, seigneurie. mark: marque, marquer, estampiller, cachet, signe, mark, note, signal, témoignage, repère, tracer. masters: masters. pleasure: plaisir, jouissance. reason: raison, cause, motif, raisonner. restored: restaurai, restaurèrent, restaurâtes, restaurâmes, restaura, restauras, restauré, rétablîtes, rétabli,

rétablîmes, rétablirent. scroll: faire défiler, défilement, volute, défiler, spirale. sweet: doux, sucré, bonbon, suave, friandise, gentil, dessert. tavern: taverne. trouble: problème, gêner, déranger, dérangement, panne, difficulté, trouble, ennui. uncle: oncle. urged: exhorté.

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WARWICK. Let Richard be restored to his blood; So shall his father's wrongs be recompensed.% WINCHESTER. As will the rest, so willeth Winchester. KING. If Richard will be true, not that alone But all the whole inheritance I give That doth belong unto the house of York, From whence you spring by lineal descent. PLANTAGENET. Thy humble servant vows obedience And humble service till the point of death. KING. Stoop then and set your knee against my foot; And, in reguerdon of that duty done, I girt thee with the valiant sword of York: Rise, Richard, like a true Plantagenet, And rise created princely Duke of York. PLANTAGENET. And so thrive Richard as thy foes may fall! And as my duty springs, so perish they That grudge one thought against your majesty! ALL. Welcome, high prince, the mighty Duke of York! SOMERSET. [Aside] Perish, base prince, ignoble Duke of York! GLOUCESTER. Now will it best avail your majesty

French avail: avantage, profiter. belong: appartenir, faire partie de, appartenons, appartenez, appartiens, appartiennent. descent: descente, descendance, origine. girt: entretoise, entremise, embossé. grudge: rancune. humble: humble, modeste. ignoble: ignoble. inheritance: héritage, succession. knee: genou, coude, le genou.

lineal: direct, linéal, linéaire. majesty: majesté, seigneurie. mighty: puissant. perish: périr, périssons, périssez, périssent, péris, s'abîmer. princely: princier. restored: restaurai, restaurèrent, restaurâtes, restaurâmes, restaura, restauras, restauré, rétablîtes, rétabli, rétablîmes, rétablirent. servant: serviteur, domestique, servante.

spring: ressort, source, fontaine, sauter, émaner, mouillère, sortir de. springs: sources, tortillons. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. thee: toi, te, vous. thrive: prospérer, prospères, prospérez, prospérons, prospèrent, prospère. thy: ton. valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux. whence: d'où.

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To cross the seas and to be crown'd in France: The presence of a king engenders love Amongst his subjects and his loyal friends, As it disanimates his enemies.% KING. When Gloucester says the word, King Henry goes; For friendly counsel cuts off many foes. GLOUCESTER. Your ships already are in readiness. [Sennet. Flourish. Exeunt all but EXETER.] EXETER. Aye, we may march in England or in France, Not seeing what is likely to ensue. This late dissension grown betwixt the peers Burns under feigned ashes of forged love, And will at last break out into a flame; As fest'red members rot but by degree, Till bones and flesh and sinews fall away, So will this base and envious discord breed. And now I fear that fatal prophecy Which in the time of Henry named the fifth Was in the mouth of every sucking babe; That Henry born at Monmouth should win all And Henry born at Windsor lose all: Which is so plain, that Exeter doth wish His days may finish ere that hapless time. [Exit.]

SCENE II. FRANCE. BEFORE ROUEN.

French betwixt: entre. bones: os. born: né. cross: croix, croiser, traverser, franchir, dépasser, passer, maussade, croisé, croisement, traversez. cuts: coupures, coupes, chutes, coupe. feigned: feint. finish: terminer, termines, termine, terminons, terminez, terminent, finir, finissent, finis, finissez, finissons. flesh: chair, pulpe.

friendly: amical, aimable, gentil, affable, amène, amicalement. hapless: malchanceux. lose: perdre, perds, perdez, perdent, perdons. loyal: loyal, dévoué, droit, honnête, fidèle. mouth: bouche, embouchure, bec, gueule, ouverture, goulot, entrée. named: nommé. plain: plaine, clair, uni, ordinaire, net, limpide, évident.

presence: présence. readiness: disponibilité, empressement. rot: pourrir, pourrissent, pourrissez, pourris, pourrissons, pourriture. seeing: voyant, sciant. ships: expédie. sucking: succion. win: gagner, gagnons, gagnez, gagnes, gagne, gagnent, remporter, remporte, remportent, remportes, remportez. word: mot, parole, promesse.

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[Enter LA PUCELLE disguised, with four SOLDIERS with sacks upon their backs.] PUCELLE. These are the city gates, the gates of Rouen, Through which our policy must make a breach: Take heed, be wary how you place your words; Talk like the vulgar sort of market men That come to gather money for their corn. If we have entrance, as I hope we shall, And that we find the slothful watch but weak, I 'll by a sign give notice to our friends, That Charles the Dauphin may encounter them.% FIRST SOLDIER. Our sacks shall be a mean to sack the city, And we be lords and rulers over Rouen; Therefore we 'll knock. [Knocks.] WATCH. [Within] Qui est la? PUCELLE. Paysans, pauvres gens de France; Poor market folks that come to sell their corn. WATCH. Enter, go in; the market bell is rung. PUCELLE. Now, Rouen, I 'll shake thy bulwarks to the ground. [Exeunt.]

French bell: cloche, clochette, sonnette, sonnerie. corn: maïs, cor, blé, grain. disguised: déguisé. encounter: rencontre, rencontrer, rencontrons, rencontrent, rencontrez, rencontres, abord. entrance: admission. folks: gens. gather: rassembler, ramasser, recueillir, réunir, déduire, conclure, collectionner, assembler, fronce,

amasser, récolter. heed: attention. knock: frapper, coup, heurter, cogner, cognement, frappe. rung: échelon, marche, barreau. sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier, suspendre. sell: vendre, vendons, vendez, vendent, vends, écouler, brader. shake: secouer, secoue, secouons, secouez, secoues, secouent, ébranler, ébranlez, ébranles, ébranlent, ébranle.

sign: signe, signer, signal, écriteau, augure, panneau, preuve, enseigne, témoignage, indication, panneau de signalisation. slothful: paresseux. thy: ton. vulgar: vulgaire, trivial. wary: prudent.

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[Enter CHARLES, the BASTARD OF ORLEANS, ALENCON, REIGNIER, and forces.] CHARLES. Saint Denis bless this happy stratagem! And once again we 'll sleep secure in Rouen.% BASTARD. Here enter'd Pucelle and her practisants; Now she is there, how will she specify Here is the best and safest passage in? REIGNIER. By thrusting out a torch from yonder tower; Which, once discern'd, shows that her meaning is, No way to that, for weakness, which she enter'd. [Enter LA PUCELLE, on the top, thrusting out a torch burning.] PUCELLE. Behold, this is the happy wedding torch That joineth Rouen unto her countrymen, But burning fatal to the Talbotites! [Exit.] BASTARD. See, noble Charles, the beacon of our friend; The burning torch in yonder turret stands. CHARLES. Now shine it like a comet of revenge, A prophet to the fall of all our foes! REIGNIER. Defer no time, delays have dangerous ends; Enter, and cry, 'The Dauphin!' presently, And then do execution on the watch.

French beacon: balise, phare, radiophare, signal. bless: bénir, bénis, bénissent, bénissez, bénissons. burning: brûlant, combustion, cuisson, brûlure. comet: comète. dangerous: dangereux, périlleux, redoutable. delays: retards, sursied. execution: exécution. fatal: fatal, mortel.

happy: heureux, joyeux, content. meaning: signification, sens, intention, importance, dessein, propos. noble: noble, élevé. prophet: prophète. secure: fixer, fixe, fixent, fixes, fixez, fixons, sûr, attacher, en sûreté, à l'abri, obtenir. shine: briller, luire, être lumineux, éclat, lustre, reluire. shows: montre, manifeste, marque, dénote.

thrusting: persuasion. top: sommet, haut, faîte, comble, summon, mutiler, couvercle, cime, supérieur, tête. torch: torche, lampe de poche, lampe torche, flambeau. turret: tourelle, tourelle revolver. weakness: faiblesse, débilité, impuissance, mollesse. wedding: mariage, se mariant, noces, noce. yonder: là, y.

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[Alarum. %Exeunt.] [An alarum. Enter TALBOT in an excursion.] TALBOT. France, thou shalt rue this treason with thy tears, If Talbot but survive thy treachery. Pucelle, that witch, that damned sorceress, Hath wrought this hellish mischief unawares, That hardly we escaped the pride of France. [Exit.] [An alarum: excursions.] [BEDFORD, brought in sick in a chair. Enter TALBOT and BURGUNDY without: within LA PUCELLE, CHARLES, BASTARD, ALENCON, and REIGNIER, on the walls.] PUCELLE. Good morrow, gallants! want ye corn for bread? I think the Duke of Burgundy will fast Before he 'll buy again at such a rate: 'Twas full of darnel: do you like the taste? BURGUNDY. Scoff on, vile fiend and shameless courtezan! I trust ere long to choke thee with thine own, And make thee curse the harvest of that corn. CHARLES. Your Grace may starve perhaps before that time. BEDFORD. O, let no words, but deeds, revenge this treason! PUCELLE. What will you do, good graybeard? break a lance, And run a tilt at death within a chair?

French buy: acheter, achat, acquérir. choke: étouffer, suffoquer, piège, duse, étranglement, étrangleur, boucher, obstruer, engorger, starter. curse: maudire, blasphémer, malédiction. damned: damné, maudit. darnel: ivraie. ere: avant, avant que. escaped: échappé. fiend: démon. harvest: récolte, récolter, moisson,

recueillir, vendange. hellish: infernal, diabolique. mischief: malice. morrow: lendemain. pride: fierté, orgueil. rue: rue. shameless: effronté, éhonté, impudent. sick: malade, malsain. starve: affamer, affame, affames, affament, affamez, affamons, mourir de faim.

survive: survivre, survivez, survis, survivent, survivons. taste: goût, goûter, saveur, déguster. thy: ton. tilt: incliner, inclinaison, basculement, pente, pencher. treason: trahison. trust: confiance, fiducie, confier, trust, foi, fidéicommis, se fier. vile: vil, abject, lâche, infâme. witch: sorcière. wrought: forgé, travaillé.

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TALBOT. Foul fiend of France, and hag of all despite, Encompass'd with thy lustful paramours! Becomes it thee to taunt his valiant age, And twit with cowardice a man half dead? Damsel, I 'll have a bout with you again, Or else let Talbot perish with this shame.% PUCELLE. Are ye so hot? yet, Pucelle, hold thy peace; If Talbot do but thunder, rain will follow. [The English party whisper together in council. ] God speed the parliament! who shall be the speaker? TALBOT. Dare ye come forth and meet us in the field? PUCELLE. Belike your lordship takes us then for fools, To try if that our own be ours or no. TALBOT. I speak not to that railing Hecate, But unto thee, Alencon, and the rest; Will ye, like soldiers, come and fight it out? ALENCON. Signior, no. TALBOT. Signior, hang! base muleters of France! Like peasant foot-boys do they keep the walls, And dare not take up arms like gentlemen. PUCELLE. Away, captains! let 's get us from the walls; For Talbot means no goodness by his looks.

French bout: combat. captains: capitaines. cowardice: lâcheté, faiblesse. dare: oser, aventurer, ose, osons, osez, oses, osent, aventurez, aventures, aventurent, aventure. fiend: démon. forth: en avant. gentlemen: messieurs. goodness: bonté. hang: pendre, suspendre, retomber, accrocher, faisander.

lordship: seigneurie. lustful: luxurieux. ours: nôtre. parliament: parlement. peasant: paysan. perish: périr, périssons, périssez, périssent, péris, s'abîmer. railing: rampe, balustrade. speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent. speaker: orateur, conférencier, locuteur, intervenant, enceinte.

speed: vitesse, rapidité, allure, hâte. taunt: sarcasme. thee: toi, te, vous. thunder: tonnerre, tonner, retenir. thy: ton. twit: idiot, taquiner. valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux. whisper: chuchoter, chuchotement, murmurer. ye: vous, toi, tu.

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God be wi' you, my lord! we came but to tell you That we are here.% [Exeunt from the walls.] TALBOT. And there will we be too, ere it be long, Or else reproach be Talbot's greatest fame! Vow, Burgundy, by honor of thy house, Prick'd on by public wrongs sustain'd in France, Either to get the town again or die: And I, as sure as English Henry lives, And as his father here was conqueror, As sure as in this late-betrayed town Great Coeur-de-lion's heart was buried, So sure I swear to get the town or die. BURGUNDY. My vows are equal partners with thy vows. TALBOT. But, ere we go, regard this dying prince, The valiant Duke of Bedford. Come, my lord, We will bestow you in some better place, Fitter for sickness and for crazy age. BEDFORD. Lord Talbot, do not so dishonor me: Here will I sit before the walls of Rouen, And will be partner of your weal or woe. BURGUNDY. Courageous Bedford, let us now persuade you. BEDFORD. Not to be gone from hence; for once I read That stout Pendragon in his litter sick

French bestow: accorder, accorde, accordes, accordez, accordons, octroyer, accordent. crazy: fou, dingue, aberrant, agité. dishonor: déshonneur, déshonorer, refus d'acceptation. dying: mourant, décédant. equal: égal, égaler. ere: avant, avant que. gone: allé, parti, allés. hence: par conséquent, donc, d'où, c'est pourquoi.

honor: honneur, honorer. litter: litière, détritus, portée, civière. partner: associé, partenaire. partners: partenaires. persuade: persuader, persuades, persuade, persuadons, persuadent, persuadez, convaincre, inspirer. regard: considérer, considérez, considérons, considères, considèrent, considère, estime, regarder, contempler, égard, regard. reproach: reproche, reprocher,

réprimander, gronder, sermonner, reprendre. sick: malade, malsain. sickness: maladie. stout: corpulent, fort, gros, stout. swear: jurer, jures, jure, jurez, jurons, jurent, blasphémer, prêter serment. thy: ton. valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux. weal: bonheur. woe: hélas, aïe, malheur.

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Came to the field and vanquished his foes. Methinks I should revive the soldiers' hearts, Because I ever found them as myself.% TALBOT. Undaunted spirit in a dying breast! Then be it so: heavens keep old Bedford safe! And now no more ado, brave Burgundy, But gather we our forces out of hand And set upon our boasting enemy. [Exeunt all but BEDFORD and ATTENDANTS.] [An alarum: excursions. Enter SIR JOHN FASTOLFE and a CAPTAIN.] CAPTAIN. Whither away, Sir John Fastolfe, in such haste? FASTOLFE. Whither away! to save myself by flight: We are like to have the overthrow again. CAPTAIN. What! Will you fly, and leave Lord Talbot? FASTOLFE. Aye, All the Talbots in the world, to save my life. [Exit.] CAPTAIN. Cowardly knight! ill fortune follow thee! [Exit.] [Retreat: excursions. LA PUCELLE, ALENCON, and CHARLES fly.] BEDFORD. Now, quiet soul, depart when heaven please, For I have seen our enemies' overthrow.

French boasting: vantardise, fanfaronnade, taille de pierres, vantant. brave: courageux, vaillant, brave. depart: partir, partez, partons, partent, pars, s'en aller. dying: mourant, décédant. enemy: ennemi. excursions: promenades. fly: mouche, voler, volez, voles, volent, vole, volons, volant. fortune: fortune, sort, destinée, destin. gather: rassembler, ramasser,

recueillir, réunir, déduire, conclure, collectionner, assembler, fronce, amasser, récolter. haste: hâte. heaven: ciel, paradis. heavens: cieux. ill: malade, malsain, mal. knight: chevalier, cavalier. overthrow: renverser, renverse, renversent, renverses, renversez, renversons, abattre, abattage, faire tomber.

revive: ranimer, ranime, ranimes, raniment, ranimez, ranimons, réanimer, raviver. soul: âme. thee: toi, te, vous. vanquished: vainquîtes, vaincu, vainquîmes, vainquirent, vainquis, vainquit.

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What is the trust or strength of foolish man? They that of late were daring with their scoffs Are glad and fain by flight to save themselves.% [BEDFORD dies, and is carried in by two in his chair.] [An alarum. Re-enter TALBOT, BURGUNDY, and the rest.] TALBOT. Lost, and recover'd in a day again! This is a double honor, Burgundy: Yet heavens have glory for this victory! BURGUNDY. Warlike and martial Talbot, Burgundy Enshrines thee in his heart, and there erects Thy noble deeds as valor's monuments. TALBOT. Thanks, gentle duke. But where is Pucelle now? I think her old familiar is asleep: Now where 's the Bastard's braves, and Charles his gleeks? What, all amort? Rouen hangs her head for grief That such a valiant company are fled. Now will we take some order in the town, Placing therein some expert officers; And then depart to Paris to the king, For there young Henry with his nobles lie. BURGUNDY. What Lord Talbot pleaseth Burgundy. TALBOT. But yet, before we go, let 's not forget The noble Duke of Bedford late deceased, But see his exequies fulfill'd in Rouen: A braver soldier never couched lance,

French daring: audace, audacieux, hardi, osant, aventurant. depart: partir, partez, partons, partent, pars, s'en aller. dies: meurt, décède. double: double, doubler, redoubler, sosie. duke: duc. expert: expert, expérimenté, spécialiste. familiar: familier. flight: vol, fuite, volée, essor.

foolish: sot, idiot, stupide, abracadabrant, insensé. gentle: doux, gentil, suave, sucré. glad: joyeux, content, heureux. glory: gloire, renommée, réputation. heavens: cieux. honor: honneur, honorer. lie: mentir, mensonge, être couché, gésir. martial: martial. noble: noble, élevé. save: épargner, épargne, épargnes,

épargnent, épargnez, épargnons, sauver, économiser, sauve, sauves, sauvons. soldier: soldat, militaire. strength: force, puissance, résistance mécanique. thee: toi, te, vous. therein: en cela. valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux. victory: victoire.

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A gentler heart did never sway in court; But kings and mightiest potentates must die, For that's the end of human misery.% [Exeunt.]

SCENE III. THE PLAINS NEAR ROUEN. [Enter CHARLES, the BASTARD OF ORLEANS, ALENCON, LA PUCELLE, and FORCES.] PUCELLE. Dismay not, princes, at this accident, Nor grieve that Rouen is so recovered: Care is no cure, but rather corrosive, For things that are not to be remedied. Let frantic Talbot triumph for a while And like a peacock sweep along his tail; We 'll pull his plumes and take away his train, If Dauphin and the rest will be but ruled. CHARLES. We have been guided by thee hitherto, And of thy cunning had no diffidence: One sudden foil shall never breed distrust BASTARD. Search out thy wit for secret policies, And we will make thee famous through the world. ALENCON. We'll set thy statue in some holy place,

French along: le long de. breed: race, élever, éduquer. cunning: rusé, malin, astucieux, artificieux, ruse, sournois, rouerie. cure: guérir, guérison, traitement, cure, assainir, soigner, remédier, cuisson, durcissement d'un adhésif, vulcanisation, traiter. distrust: se méfier, méfiance, défiance. foil: fleuret, feuille de métal, clinquant, feuille, feuille mince, déjouer, aile portante, feuillard, racle

d'égouttage. frantic: frénétique. grieve: affliger, afflige, affliges, chagriner, affligeons, affligez, affligent, chagrines, chagrine, chagrinons, chagrinent. guided: guidé. holy: saint, sacré. human: humain. mightiest: le plus puissant. peacock: paon. plumes: aigrettes.

pull: tirer, tire, tirons, tires, tirent, tirez, traction, tirage, traîner. ruled: hachuré. statue: statue. sway: vaciller, balancement, oscillation, osciller, se balancer. sweep: balayer, balayage, courbure, draguer. thee: toi, te, vous. thy: ton. triumph: triomphe, triompher. wit: esprit.

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And have thee reverenced like a blessed saint. Employ thee then, sweet virgin, for our good.% PUCELLE. Then thus it must be; this doth Joan devise: By fair persuasions mix'd with sugar'd words We will entice the Duke of Burgundy To leave the Talbot and to follow us. CHARLES. Aye, marry, sweeting, if we could do that, France were no place for Henry's warriors; Nor should that nation boast it so with us, But be extirped from our provinces. ALENCON. For ever should they be expulsed from France, And not have tide of an earldom here. PUCELLE. Your honours shall perceive how I will work To bring this matter to the wished end. [Drum sounds afar off.] Hark! by the sound of drum you may perceive Their powers are marching unto Paris-ward. [Here sound an English march. Enter, and pass over at a distance, TALBOT and his forces. There goes the TALBOT, with his colors spread, And all the troops of English after him.] [French march. ENTER THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY and FORCES.] Now in the rearward comes the duke and his: Fortune in favor makes him lag behind. Summon a parley; we will talk with him. [Trumpets sound a parley.]

French afar: loin. comes: vient. distance: distance, éloignement. earldom: comté. entice: tenter, tentons, tentez, tentes, tentent, tente, détourner, dévoyer, attirer, entraîner hors du droit chemin, aguicher. goes: va. lag: décalage, retard, persistance. marching: marcher. marry: marier, te maries, vous mariez,

nous marions, me marie, mariezvous, se marient, épouser, se marier, épouses, épouse. nation: nation, peuple. parley: pourparlers. pass: passer, passe, col, dépasser, doubler, donner, passage, permission, abonnement, passez, s'écouler. powers: pouvoirs. sound: son, sonner, résonner, bruit, sain, sonder, détroit, vibration

acoustique, oscillation acoustique, solide, sonde. sounds: sonne, sons. spread: enduire, étaler, étendre, dispersion, écart, diffusion, propagation, se propager, tartiner, se répandre. tide: marée. virgin: vierge, virginal. wished: désira, souhaité, désirées, désirâmes, désirée, désirés.

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CHARLES. A parley with the Duke of Burgundy! BURGUNDY. Who craves a parley with the Burgundy? PUCELLE. The princely Charles of France, thy countryman.% BURGUNDY. What say'st thou, Charles? for I am marching hence. CHARLES. Speak, Pucelle, and enchant him with thy words. PUCELLE. Brave Burgundy, undoubted hope of France! Stay, let thy humble handmaid speak to thee. BURGUNDY. Speak on; but be not over-tedious. PUCELLE. Look on thy country, look on fertile France, And see the cities and the towns defaced By wasting ruin of the cruel foe. As looks the mother on her lowly babe When death doth close his tender dying eyes, See, see the pining malady of France; Behold the wounds, the most unnatural wounds, Which thou thyself hast given her woful breast. O, turn thy edged sword another way; Strike those that hurt, and hurt not those that help. One drop of blood drawn from thy country's bosom Should grieve thee more than streams of foreign gore: Return thee therefore with a flood of tears, And wash away thy country's stained spots.

French close: fermer, ferment, ferme, fermons, fermez, fermes, proche, près, auprès, intime, prochaine. craves: sollicite. cruel: cruel, atroce, méchant. drawn: dessiné, puisé, tiré, appâté, tracé. edged: déligné. enchant: enchanter, enchantons, enchantent, enchantez, enchante, enchantes. fertile: fécond, fertile, fruitier.

flood: inondation, inonder, flot, combler, submerger, marée montante, marée haute, abreuver, noyer, crue, déluge. foreign: étranger, extérieur. hope: espoir, espérer, espère, espèrent, espères, espérez, espérons, espérance, souhaiter, souhaitons, souhaitez. hurt: blesser. looks: regarde. lowly: de manière bas, de façon bas, modeste.

malady: maladie. parley: pourparlers. spots: poivrage. stained: taché, souillé. streams: filières. turn: tourner, tournes, tourne, tournons, tournent, tournez, tour, changer, retourner, dévier, retournes. undoubted: indubitable. unnatural: anormal. wash: laver, laves, lavez, lavent, lavons, lave, lavage, blanchissage.

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BURGUNDY. Either she hath bewitch'd me with her words, Or nature makes me suddenly relent.% PUCELLE. Besides, all French and France exclaims on thee, Doubting thy birth and lawful progeny. Who join'st thou with but with a lordly nation That will not trust thee but for profit's sake? When Talbot hath set footing once in France, And fashion'd thee that instrument of ill, Who then but English Henry will be lord, And thou be thrust out like a fugitive? Call we to mind, and mark but this for proof, Was not the Duke of Orleans thy foe? And was he not in England prisoner? But when they heard he was thine enemy, They set him free without his ransom paid, In spite of Burgundy and all his friends. See, then, thou fight'st against thy countrymen And join'st with them will be thy slaughtermen. Come, come, return; return, thou wandering lord; Charles and the rest will take thee in their arms. BURGUNDY. I am vanquished; these haughty words of hers Have batt'red me like roaring cannon-shot, And made me almost yield upon my knees. Forgive me, country, and sweet countrymen, And, lords, accept this hearty kind embrace: My forces and my power of men are yours: So, farewell, Talbot; I 'll no longer trust thee.

French accept: accepter, acceptez, acceptons, acceptent, accepte, acceptes, agréer, admettre, agréent, agréez, agréons. birth: naissance. exclaims: exclame. farewell: adieu. footing: pied, semelle. haughty: hautain, arrogant. heard: entendîmes, entendîtes, entendu, entendit, entendirent, entendis, ouï, ouïs. hearty: cordial, chaleureux.

instrument: instrument. lawful: légal, légitime, licite. lordly: seigneurial. nature: nature, caractère. ransom: rançon. roaring: rugissant. spite: rancune, dépit. suddenly: soudainement, tout à coup, subitement, soudain, de manière subite, de façon subite, brusquement. sweet: doux, sucré, bonbon, suave, friandise, gentil, dessert.

thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thrust: poussée, pousser. thy: ton. vanquished: vainquîtes, vaincu, vainquîmes, vainquirent, vainquis, vainquit. wandering: errant, vaguant, vagabond, errance, nomade. yield: rendement, céder, cèdent, cèdes, cédez, cédons, cède, abandonner, produire, abdiquer, reculer.

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PUCELLE. [Aside] Done like a Frenchman: turn and turn again! CHARLES. Welcome, brave duke; thy friendship makes us fresh.% BASTARD. And doth beget new courage in our breasts. ALENCON. Pucelle hath bravely play'd her part in this, And doth deserve a coronet of gold. CHARLES. Now let us on, my lords, and join our powers, And seek how we may prejudice the foe. [Exeunt.] SCENE IV. PARIS. THE PALACE. [Enter the KING, GLOUCESTER, BISHOP of WINCHESTER, YORK, SUFFOLK, SOMERSET, WARWICK, EXETER: VERNON, BASSET, and others. To them with his Soldiers, TALBOT.] TALBOT. My gracious Prince, and honourable peers, Hearing of your arrival in this realm, I have awhile given truce unto my wars, To do my duty to my sovereign: In sign whereof, this arm, that hath reclaim'd To your obedience fifty fortresses, Twelve cities and seven walled towns of strength, Beside five hundred prisoners of esteem,

French arrival: arrivée, arrivage, venue, fourniture, ravitaillement. awhile: pendant quelque temps. beget: engendrer, engendrons, engendre, engendrent, engendrez, engendres. brave: courageux, vaillant, brave. bravely: courageusement, de manière courageuse, de façon courageuse. breasts: poitrine, seins. cities: villes. coronet: couronne.

courage: courage, abattage. deserve: mériter, mérite, méritent, méritez, méritons, mérites. duke: duc. fifty: cinquante. foe: ennemi. friendship: amitié, camaraderie. gold: or. gracious: gracieux. honourable: honorable. hundred: cent, centaine. join: joindre, joignons, joignent,

joignez, joins, unir, relier, reliez, relions, relies, relient. obedience: obéissance, soumission. paris: paris, Paname, Panam. prejudice: préjugé, préjudice. prisoners: prisonniers. seek: chercher, cherches, cherche, cherchent, cherchez, cherchons, railler, raille, raillons, raillez, raillent. seven: sept. thy: ton. truce: trêve.

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Lets fall his sword before your highness' feet, And with submissive loyalty of heart Ascribes the glory of his conquest got First to my God and next unto your grace. [Kneels.] KING. Is this the Lord Talbot, uncle Gloucester, That hath so long been resident in France? GLOUCESTER. Yes, if it please your majesty, my liege.% KING. Welcome, brave captain and victorious lord! When I was young, as yet I am not old. I do remember how my father said A stouter champion never handled sword. Long since we were resolved of your truth, Your faithful service and your toil in war; Yet never have you tasted our reward, Or been reguerdon'd with so much as thanks. Because till now we never saw your face: Therefore, stand up: and for these good deserts, We here create you Earl of Shrewsbury; And in our coronation take your place. [Sennet. Flourish. Exeunt all but VERNON and BASSET.] VERNON. Now, sir, to you, that were so hot at sea, Disgracing of these colors that I wear In honor of my noble Lord of York:-Dar'st thou maintain the former words thou spakest?

French brave: courageux, vaillant, brave. colors: colore. conquest: conquête. coronation: couronnement. create: créer, créent, créons, créez, crée, crées, composer, écrire. faithful: fidèle, loyal, honnête, droit. flourish: prospérer, prospèrent, prospérons, prospères, prospérez, prospère. former: ancien, précédent. glory: gloire, renommée, réputation.

handled: emmanché, manièrent, maniâmes, manié, maniée, maniai, manipulé, mania. highness: altesse. honor: honneur, honorer. loyalty: loyauté, fidélité, loyalisme. majesty: majesté, seigneurie. noble: noble, élevé. please: plaire, s'il vous plaît, contenter, s'il vous plait, faire plaisir, s'il te plaît, satisfaire. remember: se rappeler, se souvenir,

rappeler, retenir, rappelle, retiens, retiennent, rappelles, retenez, retenons, rappelons. resident: résident, habitant, interne, pensionnaire, résidant. resolved: résolu. submissive: soumis, docile. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. tasted: goûté. thou: tu, vous, toi. toil: travailler dur, labeur. victorious: victorieux.

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BASSET. Yes, sir; as well as you dare patronage The envious barking of your saucy tongue Against my lord the Duke of Somerset.% VERNON. Sirrah, thy lord I honor as he is. BASSET. Why, what is he? as good a man as York. VERNON. Hark ye; not so: in witness, take ye that. [Strikes him.] BASSET. Villain, thou know'st the law of arms is such That whoso draws a sword, 'tis present death, Or else this blow should broach thy dearest blood. But I 'll unto his majesty, and crave I may have liberty to venge this wrong; When thou shalt see I 'll meet thee to thy cost. VERNON. Well, miscreant, I 'll be there as soon as you; And, after, meet you sooner than you would. [Exeunt.]

French arms: bras, arme. barking: aboiement, aboyer. blow: coup, souffler, bataille, souffler sur, souffle. broach: broche, forer, entamer, toucher, rencontrer, aborder. cost: coût, coûter, dépense, prix de revient. dare: oser, aventurer, ose, osons, osez, oses, osent, aventurez, aventures, aventurent, aventure. draws: dessine, puise, appâte, trace.

envious: envieux. honor: honneur, honorer. liberty: liberté. lord: seigneur, monsieur. majesty: majesté, seigneurie. meet: rencontrer, rencontrez, rencontrons, rencontres, rencontrent, rencontre, réunir, se réunir. present: cadeau, présent, présenter, actuel, offrir, don. saucy: impertinent. sir: monsieur.

soon: bientôt, tout à l'heure. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. witness: témoin, être présent, assister, témoigner. ye: vous, toi, tu.

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ACT IV

SCENE I. PARIS. A HALL OF STATE.% [Enter the KING, GLOUCESTER, BISHOP OF WINCHESTER, YORK, SUFFOLK, SOMERSET, WARWICK, TALBOT, EXETER, the GOVERNOR OF PARIS, and others.] GLOUCESTER. Lord bishop, set the crown upon his head. WINCHESTER. God save King Henry, of that name the sixth! GLOUCESTER. Now, Governor of Paris, take your oath, That you elect no other king but him; Esteem none friends but such as are his friends, And none your foes but such as shall pretend Malicious practices against his state: This shall ye do, so help you righteous God! [Enter SIR JOHN FASTOLFE.]

French bishop: évêque, fou. crown: couronne, couronner, cime, sommet, voûte, sacrer. elect: choisir, désigner, adopter, élire, opter, élu, élisent. friends: amis. king: roi, dame. none: aucun, personne, nul. paris: paris, Paname, Panam. practices: pratique. righteous: juste, moral, vertueux. save: épargner, épargne, épargnes,

épargnent, épargnez, épargnons, sauver, économiser, sauve, sauves, sauvons. sixth: sixième. ye: vous, toi, tu.

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FASTOLFE. My gracious sovereign, as I rode from Calais, To haste unto your coronation, A letter was deliver'd to my hands, Writ to your Grace from the Duke of Burgundy.% TALBOT. Shame to the Duke of Burgundy and thee! I vow'd, base knight, when I did meet thee next, To tear the garter from thy craven's leg, [Plucking it off.] Which I have done, because unworthily Thou wast installed in that high degree. Pardon me, princely Henry, and the rest: This dastard, at the battle of Patay, When but in all I was six thousand strong And that the French were almost ten to one, Before we met or that a stroke was given, Like to a trusty squire did run away: In which assault we lost twelve hundred men; Myself and divers gentlemen beside Were there surprised and taken prisoners. Then judge, great lords, if I have done amiss; Or whether that such cowards ought to wear This ornament of knighthood, yea or no. GLOUCESTER. To say the truth, this fact was infamous And ill beseeming any common man, Much more a knight, a captain, and a leader. TALBOT. When first this order was ordain'd, my lords, Knights of the garter were of noble birth,

French battle: bataille, combat, lutte. dastard: personnage méprisable. garter: jarretière, jarretelle. gracious: gracieux. haste: hâte. installed: installâtes, installas, installai, installâmes, installèrent, installa, installé. judge: juge, juger. knight: chevalier, cavalier. knighthood: chevalerie. leader: guide, animateur, leader,

conseiller, chef, commandant, dirigeant, amorce, meneur. leg: jambe, patte, cuisse, branche, pied, gigot, montant. letter: lettre. met: rencontrai, rencontrâmes, rencontras, rencontrâtes, rencontrèrent, rencontra, rencontré. ornament: ornement, orner, décorer, parure, parer, ornament. ought: devoir, doit, dois, devez, devons, doivent.

princely: princier. sovereign: souverain. squire: chaperonner, châtelain. stroke: caresser, coup, caresse, course, trait, apoplexie, rayure, raie. tear: déchirer, larme, pleur, déchirure. thee: toi, te, vous. thy: ton. trusty: sûr. twelve: douze. yea: oui.

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Valiant and virtuous, full of haughty courage, Such as were grown to credit by the wars; Not fearing death, nor shrinking for distress, But always resolute in most extremes. He then that is not furnish'd in this sort Doth but usurp the sacred name of knight, Profaning this most honorable order, And should, if I were worthy to be judge, Be quite degraded, like a hedge-born swain That doth presume to boast of gentle blood.% KING. Stain to thy countrymen, thou hear'st thy doom! Be packing, therefore, thou that wast a knight; Henceforth we banish thee, on pain of death. [Exit FASTOLFE.] And now, my lord protector, view the letter Sent from our uncle Duke of Burgundy. GLOUCESTER. What means his grace, that he hath changed his style? No more but, plain and bluntly, 'To the King!' Hath he forgot he is his sovereign? Or doth this churlish superscription Pretend some alteration in good will? What's here? [Reads] 'I have, upon especial cause, Moved with compassion of my country's wreck, Together with the pitiful complaints Of such as your oppression feeds upon, Forsaken your pernicious faction, And join'd with Charles, the rightful King of France.' O monstrous treachery! can this be so, That in alliance, amity and oaths, There should be found such false dissembling guile? KING. What! doth my uncle Burgundy revolt?

French alteration: modification, transformation, altération, changement, retouche. amity: concorde. banish: bannir. bluntly: de manière émoussée, de façon émoussée. churlish: grossier. compassion: compassion, pitié, apitoiement. degraded: dégradé, dégradai, dégrada, dégradâmes, dégradèrent,

dégradâtes, dégradas, avili, avilirent, avilit, avilis. dissembling: dissimulant. especial: particulier, exceptionnel, spécial. fearing: craignant. feeds: alimente, nourrit. forgot: oubliâtes, oublias, oubliai, oublièrent, oubliâmes, oublia. guile: astuce. honorable: honorable. monstrous: monstrueux.

oppression: abus d'autorité, oppression. packing: garniture, empaquetage, remplissage, colisage, joint, bourrage, garnissage. reads: lit. revolt: révolte, se révolter. shrinking: rétrécissant. superscription: inscription, suscription. usurp: usurper, usurpes, usurpez, usurpe, usurpons, usurpent.

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GLOUCESTER. He doth, my lord, and is become your foe. KING. Is that the worst this letter doth contain? GLOUCESTER. It is the worst, and all, my lord, he writes.% KING. Why, then, Lord Talbot there shall talk with him, And give him chastisement for this abuse. How say you, my lord? are you not content? TALBOT. Content, my liege! yes; but that I am prevented, I should have begg'd I might have been employ'd. KING. Then gather strength, and march unto him straight: Let him perceive how ill we brook his treason. And what offence it is to flout his friends. TALBOT. I go, my lord, in heart desiring still You may behold confusion of your foes. [Exit.] [Enter VERNON and BASSET.] VERNON. Grant me the combat, gracious sovereign. BASSET. And me, my lord, grant me the combat too. YORK. This is my servant: hear him, noble prince.

French behold: voilà, voici, apercevoir, voir. brook: ruisseau. chastisement: châtiment, punition. combat: combattre, combat. confusion: confusion, désordre, confusion mentale, affolement. contain: contenir, contiens, contenons, contenez, contiennent, renfermer, renfermons, renfermez, renferme, renferment, renfermes. content: contenu, satisfait. flout: faire fi de, se moquer de.

foe: ennemi. gather: rassembler, ramasser, recueillir, réunir, déduire, conclure, collectionner, assembler, fronce, amasser, récolter. gracious: gracieux. grant: subvention, allocation, allouer, concession, concéder. ill: malade, malsain, mal. liege: lige. noble: noble, élevé. offence: délit, infraction, offense,

agacement. perceive: apercevoir, apercevons, apercevez, aperçoivent, aperçois, percevoir, discerner, percevez, perçoivent, percevons, perçois. prince: prince. servant: serviteur, domestique, servante. sovereign: souverain. strength: force, puissance, résistance mécanique. worst: pire, le plus mauvais.

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SOMERSET. And this is mine: sweet Henry, favor him. KING. Be patient, lords, and give them leave to speak. Say, gentlemen, what makes you thus exclaim? And wherefore crave you combat? or with whom? VERNON. With him, my lord; for he hath done me wrong.% BASSET. And I with him; for he hath done me wrong. KING. What is that wrong whereof you both complain? First let me know, and then I'll answer you. BASSET. Crossing the sea from England into France, This fellow here, with envious carping tongue, Upbraided me about the rose I wear; Saying, the sanguine colour of the leaves Did represent my master's blushing cheeks, When stubbornly he did repugn the truth About a certain question in the law Argued betwixt the Duke of York and him; With other vile and ignominious terms: In confutation of which rude reproach, And in defence of my lord's worthiness, I crave the benefit of law of arms. VERNON. And that is my petition, noble lord: For though he seem with forged quaint conceit To set a gloss upon his bold intent,

French benefit: avantage, bénéfice, prestation, allocation, intérêt, gain, profit, indemnité. betwixt: entre. blushing: rougissant, rougeur. carping: chicanier. colour: couleur, teinte, colorier, colorant. confutation: réfutation. crave: solliciter, sollicites, sollicitez, sollicitent, sollicite, sollicitons. defence: défense, mémoire en défense.

envious: envieux. favor: faveur, grâce, service, complaisance, favoriser. fellow: individu, homme, camarade, ensemble, mâle. gloss: brillant, lustre, luisance. ignominious: ignominieux. patient: patient, malade. petition: pétition, supplique, requête. quaint: curieux, intéressant, singulier, étrange. represent: représenter, représentes,

représentez, représentent, représentons, représente, figurer. rude: grossier, impoli, mal élevé. sanguine: sanguin. sea: mer, marin. seem: sembler, semblez, semblons, semblent, semble, sembles, paraître, paraissez, paraissons, paraissent, parais. stubbornly: de manière têtue, de façon têtue. wherefore: pourquoi.

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Yet know, my lord, I was provoked by him; And he first took exceptions at this badge, Pronouncing that the paleness of this flower Bewray'd the faintness of my master's heart.% YORK. Will not this malice, Somerset, be left? SOMERSET. Your private grudge, my Lord of York, will out, Though ne'er so cunningly you smother it. KING. Good Lord, what madness rules in brainsick men, When for so slight and frivolous a cause Such factious emulations shall arise! Good cousins both, of York and Somerset, Quiet yourselves, I pray, and be at peace. YORK. Let this dissension first be tried by fight, And then your highness shall command a peace. SOMERSET. The quarrel toucheth none but us alone; Betwixt ourselves let us decide it then. YORK. There is my pledge; accept it, Somerset. VERNON. Nay, let it rest where it began at first. BASSET. Confirm it so, mine honorable lord. GLOUCESTER. Confirm it so! Confounded be your strife! And perish ye, with your audacious prate!

French audacious: audacieux, hardi. confounded: confondu. cunningly: de manière rusée, de façon rusée. decide: décider, décidons, décidez, décident, décide, décides. dissension: discorde. exceptions: exceptions. factious: factieux. faintness: malaise. frivolous: frivole, vain, vaniteux. grudge: rancune.

highness: altesse. honorable: honorable. madness: folie, aliénation, aberration, affolement. malice: malice, méchanceté, malveillance. paleness: pâleur. perish: périr, périssons, périssez, périssent, péris, s'abîmer. pledge: gage, nantissement, promettre, engagement. pray: prier, prie, pries, prions, priez,

prient. private: privé. provoked: provoquâtes, provoquas, provoquai, provoqua, provoqué, provoquâmes, provoquèrent. quarrel: querelle, dispute, se quereller, se disputer, noise. rules: règlement, règles. slight: léger, affront, insignifiant. smother: étouffer. tried: essayé. ye: vous, toi, tu.

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Presumptuous vassals, are you not ashamed With this immodest clamorous outrage To trouble and disturb the king and us? And you, my lords, methinks you do not well To bear with their perverse objections; Much less to take occasion from their mouths To raise a mutiny betwixt yourselves: Let me persuade you take a better course.% EXETER. It grieves his highness: good my lords, be friends. KING. Come hither, you that would be combatants: Henceforth I charge you, as you love our favor, Quite to forget this quarrel and the cause. And you, my lords, remember where we are: In France, amongst a fickle wavering nation; If they perceive dissension in our looks And that within ourselves we disagree, How will their grudging stomachs be provoked To willful disobedience, and rebel! Beside, what infamy will there arise When foreign princes shall be certified That for a toy, a thing of no regard, King Henry's peers and chief nobility Destroy'd themselves and lost the realm of France O, think upon the conquest of my father, My tender years; and let us not forgo That for a trifle that was bought with blood! Let me be umpire in this doubtful strife. I see no reason, if I wear this rose, [Putting on a red rose.]

French betwixt: entre. clamorous: bruyant. conquest: conquête. disobedience: désobéissance. dissension: discorde. disturb: déranger, dérange, dérangez, dérangeons, dérangent, déranges, gêner, gênons, gênez, gênes, gênent. doubtful: incertain, douteux. fickle: inconstant. grieves: afflige, chagrine, attriste. highness: altesse.

hither: ici. immodest: immodeste, impudique. infamy: infamie. mutiny: mutinerie, révolte, se mutiner, se révolter, sédition. occasion: occasion, lieu, fois. perceive: apercevoir, apercevons, apercevez, aperçoivent, aperçois, percevoir, discerner, percevez, perçoivent, percevons, perçois. perverse: pervers. quarrel: querelle, dispute, se quereller,

se disputer, noise. realm: règne, royaume, puissance, domaine. tender: offre, tendre, adjudication, doux, tender, annexe, offrir, présenter, proposition, gentil, suave. toy: jouet, joujou. trifle: bagatelle, babiole. umpire: arbitre, surarbitre. wavering: hésitant. willful: obstiné.

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That%any one should therefore be suspicious I more incline to Somerset than York: Both are my kinsmen, and I love them both: As well they may upbraid me with my crown, Because, forsooth, the king of Scots is crown'd. But your discretions better can persuade Than I am able to instruct or teach; And, therefore, as we hither came in peace, So let us still continue peace and love. Cousin of York, we institute your grace To be our Regent in these parts of France: And, good my Lord of Somerset, unite Your troops of horsemen with his bands of foot; And, like true subjects, sons of your progenitors, Go cheerfully together and digest Your angry choler on your enemies. Ourself, my lord protector and the rest After some respite will return to Calais; From thence to England; where I hope ere long To be presented, by your victories, With Charles, Alencon, and that traitorous rout. [Flourish. Exeunt all but YORK, WARWICK, EXETER and VERNON.] WARWICK. My Lord of York, I promise you, the king Prettily, methought, did play the orator. YORK. And so he did; but yet I like it not, In that he wears the badge of Somerset. WARWICK. Tush, that was but his fancy, blame him not; I dare presume, sweet prince, he thought no harm.

French badge: insigne. bands: bandes. cheerfully: de manière gaie, de façon gaie. continue: continuer, continuez, continuent, continuons, continues, continue, durer, dure, durent, dures, durez. fancy: imaginer, fantaisie, songer, rêver éveillé, aimer. harm: nuire, préjudice, mal, tort, endommager.

hither: ici. incline: incliner, pente, inclinaison, plan incliné, descenderie, pencher. institute: institut, instituer. kinsmen: parents. orator: orateur. parts: parties. play: jouer, joues, jouez, jouent, jouons, joue, jeu, pièce de théâtre, pièce, représenter, jouer de. presented: présenté. promise: promettre, promets,

promettent, promettez, promettons, assurer. respite: répit, sursis. rout: creuser les blancs d'un cliché, débâcle, déroute, détourer, fraiser, mettre en déroute. traitorous: traître. upbraid: réprimandent, réprimandons, réprimandez, réprimande, morigénez, morigénes, morigénent, morigéne, réprimandes, morigénons, morigéner.

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YORK. An if I wist he did,--but let it rest; Other affairs must now be managed.% [Exeunt all but EXETER.] EXETER. Well didst thou, Richard, to suppress thy voice; For, had the passions of thy heart burst out, I fear we should have seen decipher'd there More rancorous spite, more furious raging broils, Than yet can be imagined or supposed. But howsoe'er, no simple man that sees This jarring discord of nobility, This shouldering of each other in the court, This factious bandying of their favorites, But that it doth presage some ill event. Tis much when scepters are in children's hands; But more when envy breeds unkind division; There comes the ruin, there begins confusion. [Exit.]

SCENE II. BEFORE BORDEAUX. [Enter TALBOT, with trump and drum.] TALBOT. Go to the gates of Bordeaux, trumpeter: Summon their general unto the wall. [Trumpet sounds. Enter GENERAL and others, aloft.] English John Talbot, Captains, calls you forth, Servant in arms to Harry King of England;

French affairs: affaires. bandying: échangeant. begins: commence, débute. burst: crever, éclater, salve, rafale, explosion, choc d'ionisation, éclatement, bouffée. calls: appelle. discord: discorde, désaccord. envy: envie, envier, enviez, envions, envient, envies, jalousie. factious: factieux. furious: furieux.

ill: malade, malsain, mal. imagined: imaginas, imaginâtes, imaginé, imaginai, imaginâmes, imagina, imaginèrent. jarring: battage. passions: passions. presage: augure, présage. raging: déchaîné, déchaînement, furieux, furibond, rage. rancorous: rancunier. ruin: ruine, ruiner, abîmer, abaisser, ravager.

shouldering: épaulement. simple: simple, pur. sounds: sonne, sons. spite: rancune, dépit. suppress: étouffer, étouffez, étouffons, étouffe, étouffent, étouffes, réprimer, réprimez, réprimes, réprime, réprimons. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. trump: atout. unkind: maussade.

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And thus he would: Open your city-gates, Be humble to us; call my sovereign yours, And do him homage as obedient subjects; And I 'll withdraw me and my bloody power: But, if you frown upon this proffer'd peace, You tempt the fury of my three attendants, Lean famine, quartering steel, and climbing fire; Who in a moment even with the earth Shall lay your stately and air-braving towers, If you forsake the offer of their love.% GENERAL. Thou ominous and fearful owl of death, Our nation's terror and their bloody scourge! The period of thy tyranny approacheth. On us thou canst not enter but by death; For, I protest, we are well fortified And strong enough to issue out and fight: If thou retire, the Dauphin, well appointed, Stands with the snares of war to tangle thee: On either hand thee there are squadrons pitch'd To wall thee from the liberty of flight; And no way canst thou turn thee for redress, But death doth front thee with apparent spoil, And pale destruction meets thee in the face. Ten thousand French have ta'en the sacrament To rive their dangerous artillery Upon no Christian soul but English Talbot. Lo, there thou stand'st, a breathing valiant man, Of an invincible unconquer'd spirit! This is the latest glory of thy praise That I, thy enemy, due thee withal; For ere the glass, that now begins to run,

French breathing: respirant, respiration. climbing: grimpant, escalade. destruction: destruction, ravage, annihilation. due: dû. famine: famine. fearful: effrayant, craintif, affreux. front: front, devant, avant, face. frown: froncement de sourcils. fury: fureur, furie. glass: verre, vitre. homage: hommage.

invincible: invincible. issue: émission, éditer, émettre, livraison, parution, numéro, problème, question, proclamer. latest: dernier. meets: rencontre. obedient: obéissant, docile. ominous: inquiétant. owl: hibou, chouette, effraie. protest: protestation, protester, contestation. quartering: inquartation, casernement,

quartage. rive: aineter. steel: acier, aciérer. tangle: chaos, imbroglio, enchevêtrement. tempt: tenter, tentes, tentent, tentons, tentez, tente, séduire. wall: mur, paroi, cloison, muraille. withdraw: retirer, retire, retirent, retires, retirez, retirons, décéder, prélever.

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Finish the process of his sandy hour, These eyes, that see thee now well colored, Shall see thee wither'd, bloody, pale, and dead.% [Drum afar off.] Hark! hark! the Dauphin's drum, a warning bell, Sings heavy music to thy timorous soul; And mine shall ring thy dire departure out. [Exeunt GENERAL, etc.] TALBOT. He fables not; I hear the enemy: Out, some light horsemen, and peruse their wings. O, negligent and heedless discipline! How are we park'd and bounded in a pale, A little herd of England's timorous deer, Mazed with a yelping kennel of French curs! If we be English deer, be then in blood; Not rascal-like, to fall down with a pinch, But rather, moody-mad and desperate stags, Turn on the bloody hounds with heads of steel And make the cowards stand aloof at bay: Sell every man his life as dear as mine, And they shall find dear deer of us, my friends. God and Saint George, Talbot and England's right, Prosper our colors in this dangerous fight! [Exeunt.]

SCENE III. PLAINS IN GASCONY.

French afar: loin. aloof: distant. bloody: sanglant. colors: colore. dangerous: dangereux, périlleux, redoutable. dear: cher, coûteux. deer: cerf, chevreuil. departure: départ, disparition. desperate: désespéré. dire: terrible. drum: tambour, fût.

heads: têtes. heavy: lourd, fort. heedless: insouciant. herd: troupeau, bande, troupe, collection, harde, ensemble, are. hounds: jottereaux, capelage. kennel: chenil. negligent: négligent, distrait, étourdi. pale: pâle, blême. peruse: lisons, lisez, lis, lisent, lire. ring: anneau, bague, tinter, sonner, couronne, cercle, cerne, rondelle,

cycle, frette, son. sandy: sableux, sablonneux. thee: toi, te, vous. thy: ton. timorous: craintif, timoré. warning: avertissement, avertissant, sommation, alerte, alertant, recommandation, avis. yelping: jappant, jappement, glapissant, glapissement.

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[Enter a MESSENGER that meets YORK. Enter YORK with trumpet and many soldiers.] YORK. Are not the speedy scouts return'd again, That dogg'd the mighty army of the Dauphin? MESSENGER. They are return'd, my lord, and give it out That he is march'd to Bordeaux with his power, To fight with Talbot: as he march'd along, By your espials were discovered Two mightier troops than that the Dauphin led, Which join'd with him and made their march for Bordeaux.% YORK. A plague upon that villain Somerset, That thus delays my promised supply Of horsemen, that were levied for this siege! Renowned Talbot doth expect my aid, And I am lowted by a traitor villain, And cannot help the noble chevalier: God comfort him in this necessity! If he miscarry, farewell wars in France. [Enter SIR WILLIAM LUCY.] LUCY. Thou princely leader of our English strength, Never so needful on the earth of France, Spur to the rescue of the noble Talbot, Who now is girdled with a waist of iron, And hemm'd about with grim destruction. To Bordeaux, warlike Duke! to Bordeaux, York! Else, farewell, Talbot, France, and England's honor.

French comfort: confort, consoler, consolation, réconfort, réconforter. delays: retards, sursied. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons. farewell: adieu. fight: combattre, combat, batailler, lutte, luter, lutter. grim: sinistre, macabre, menaçant. honor: honneur, honorer.

leader: guide, animateur, leader, conseiller, chef, commandant, dirigeant, amorce, meneur. meets: rencontre. mighty: puissant. miscarry: avorter, avortez, avortons, avortent, avorte, avortes, échouer. needful: nécessaire. noble: noble, élevé. plague: peste, fléau. princely: princier. promised: promîtes, promîmes,

promit, promirent, promis. rescue: sauver, sauvetage, secours, délivrance. speedy: prompt, rapide, prochain. traitor: traître. troops: troupes. trumpet: trompette, barrir, trompeter. villain: scélérat. waist: taille, corset. warlike: guerrier, belliqueux. wars: guerres.

92

King Henry VI, Part I

YORK. O God, that Somerset, who in proud heart Doth stop my cornets, were in Talbot's place! So should we save a valiant gentleman By forfeiting a traitor and a coward. Mad ire and wrathful fury makes me weep, That thus we die, while remiss traitors sleep.% LUCY. O, send some succor to the distress'd lord! YORK. He dies; we lose; I break my warlike word; We mourn, France smiles; we lose, they daily get; All 'long of this vile traitor Somerset. LUCY. Then God take mercy on brave Talbot's soul; And on his son young John, who two hours since I met in travel toward his warlike father! This seven years did not Talbot see his son; And now they meet where both their lives are done. YORK. Alas, what joy shall noble Talbot have, To bid his young son welcome to his grave? Away! vexation almost stops my breath, That sunder'd friends greet in the hour of death. Lucy, farewell: no more my fortune can, But curse the cause I cannot aid the man. Maine, Blois, Poictiers, and Tours, are won away, 'Long all of Somerset and his delay. [Exit, with his SOLDIERS.] LUCY. Thus, while the vulture of sedition

French aid: aide, aider, secourir, assister, secours, adjoint, assistance. bid: offre, soumission, demander, offrir, prier, enchère, annonce, tentative de prise, mise dans les enchères. daily: quotidien, quotidiennement, journellement, journalier, tous les jours, chaque jour. forfeiting: affacturage à forfait, forfaisant. greet: saluer, salues, salue, saluons,

saluez, saluent, accueillir, accueillons, accueillez, accueilles, accueille. hours: heures. ire: courroux. remiss: négligent. sedition: sédition. stop: arrêter, arrêtez, arrête, arrêtes, arrêtent, arrêtons, arrêt, cesser, cessent, cessez, cessons. stops: arrête, cesse, stoppe, interrompt. succor: secours, secourir.

toward: vers, en, à, en relation avec. travel: voyager, voyageons, voyagez, voyagent, voyages, voyage, course, aller, déplacement, aller en véhicule, se déplacer. vulture: vautour. warlike: guerrier, belliqueux. won: gagnâmes, gagnèrent, gagnas, gagnai, gagna, gagnâtes, Gagné, remportèrent, remporta, remportai, remportâmes. wrathful: courroucé.

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93

Feeds in the bosom of such great commanders, Sleeping neglection doth betray to loss The conquest of our scarce cold conqueror, That ever living man of memory, Henry the Fifth: whiles they each other cross, Lives, honors, lands and all hurry to loss. [Exit.]

SCENE IV. OTHER PLAINS IN GASCONY.% [Enter SOMERSET, with his army; a Captain of TALBOT'S with him.] SOMERSET. It is too late; I cannot send them now: This expedition was by York and Talbot Too rashly plotted: all our general force Might with a sally of the very town Be buckled with: the over-daring Talbot Hath sullied all his gloss of former honor By this unheedful, desperate, wild adventure: York set him on to fight and die in shame, That, Talbot dead, great York might bear the name. CAPTAIN. Here is Sir William Lucy, who with me Set from our o'er-match'd forces forth for aid. [Enter SIR WILLIAM LUCY.] SOMERSET. How now, Sir William! whither were you sent?

French aid: aide, aider, secourir, assister, secours, adjoint, assistance. bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter. betray: trahir, trahissent, trahissez, trahis, trahissons. bosom: sein, poitrine. buckled: bouclé. cold: froid, rhume. conquest: conquête. desperate: désespéré.

die: mourir, mourons, meurent, meurs, mourez, décéder, décède, décédons, décédez, décèdent, décèdes. expedition: expédition. fight: combattre, combat, batailler, lutte, luter, lutter. forth: en avant. gloss: brillant, lustre, luisance. honors: honore. hurry: se dépêcher, hâte, presser, être urgent, se presser, se hâter, dépêcher.

lands: cloison, atterrit. plotted: tracé. rashly: de manière éruptive, de façon éruptive. scarce: insuffisant, rare. send: envoyer, envoies, envoie, envoyons, envoient, envoyez, adresser, adresse, adressent, adresses, adressez. whither: où. wild: sauvage.

94

King Henry VI, Part I

LUCY. Whither, %my lord? from bought and sold Lord Talbot; Who, ring'd about with bold adversity, Cries out for noble York and Somerset, To beat assailing death from his weak legions; And whiles the honorable captain there Drops bloody sweat from his war-wearied limbs, And, in advantage lingering, looks for rescue, You, his false hopes, the trust of England's honor, Keep off aloof with worthless emulation. Let not your private discord keep away The levied succors that should lend him aid, While he, renowned noble gentleman, Yield up his life unto a world of odds. Orleans the Bastard, Charles, Burgundy, Alencon, Reignier, compass him about, And Talbot perisheth by your default. SOMERSET. York set him on; York should have sent him aid. LUCY. And York as fast upon your grace exclaims; Swearing that you withhold his levied host, Collected for this expedition. SOMERSET. York lies; he might have sent and had the horse: I owe him little duty, and less love; And take foul scorn to fawn on him by sending. LUCY. The fraud of England, not the force of France, Hath now entrapp'd the noble-minded Talbot:

French aloof: distant. assailing: assaillant. beat: battement, battre, frapper, heurter, temps, rythme. bought: acheté. compass: boussole, compas. default: par défaut, défaut. discord: discorde, désaccord. expedition: expédition. fawn: faon, fauve. force: force, contraindre, obliger, imposer, forcer, violer, puissance,

contrainte, faire accepter. foul: fétide, faute, engagé, salir. fraud: fraude, escroquerie, tromperie, dol, imposture, filouterie. honorable: honorable. hopes: espère, souhaite. lend: prêter, prête, prêtes, prêtez, prêtent, prêtons, emprunter, empruntes, empruntez, empruntons, empruntent. lies: git, ment. lingering: traînant, prolongé.

owe: devoir, devons, doivent, dois, devez, avoir une dette. renowned: renommé. scorn: dédain, mépriser, mépris. sending: envoyant, adressant, envoi. sold: vendîtes, vendirent, vendîmes, vendu, vendis, vendit, bradées. sweat: sueur, suer, transpirer, transpiration, suinter. withhold: retenir, retiens, retenez, retenons, retiennent. worthless: nul, sans valeur.

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95

Never to England shall he bear his life; But dies, betray'd to fortune by your strife.% SOMERSET. Come, go; I will dispatch the horsemen straight: Within six hours they will be at his aid. LUCY. Too late comes rescue; he is ta'en or slain; For fly he could not, if he would have fled; And fly would Talbot never, though he might. SOMERSET. If he be dead, brave Talbot, then adieu! LUCY. His fame lives in the world, his shame in you. [Exeunt.]

SCENE V. THE ENGLISH CAMP NEAR BORDEAUX. [Enter TALBOT and JOHN his son.] TALBOT. O young John Talbot! I did send for thee To tutor thee in stratagems of war, That Talbot's name might be in thee revived When sapless age and weak unable limbs Should bring thy father to his drooping chair. But, O malignant and ill-boding stars! Now thou art come unto a feast of death, A terrible and unavoided danger: Therefore, dear boy, mount on my swiftest horse;

French adieu: adieu. aid: aide, aider, secourir, assister, secours, adjoint, assistance. bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter. brave: courageux, vaillant, brave. dear: cher, coûteux. dies: meurt, décède. dispatch: expédier, dépêche, expédition, déposer, envoyer. drooping: tombant, fanaison.

fame: renommée, gloire, réputation, célébrité. feast: fête, banqueter, festin. fly: mouche, voler, volez, voles, volent, vole, volons, volant. fortune: fortune, sort, destinée, destin. lives: vit, habite, loge. malignant: malin. mount: monter, support, mont, adapter, montage, monture. rescue: sauver, sauvetage, secours, délivrance.

send: envoyer, envoies, envoie, envoyons, envoient, envoyez, adresser, adresse, adressent, adresses, adressez. shame: honte, pouah, vergogne. terrible: terrible, affreux. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. tutor: tuteur, précepteur. unable: incapable. weak: faible, débile, lâche, mou.

96

King Henry VI, Part I

And I'll direct thee how thou shalt escape By sudden flight: come, dally not, be gone.% JOHN. Is my name Talbot? and am I your son? And shall I fly? O, if you love my mother, Dishonor not her honorable name, To make a bastard and a slave of me! The world will say, he is not Talbot's blood, That basely fled when noble Talbot stood. TALBOT. Fly, to revenge my death, if I be slain. JOHN. He that flies so will ne'er return again. TALBOT. If we both stay, we both are sure to die. JOHN. Then let me stay; and, father, do you fly; Your loss is great, so your regard should be; My worth unknown, no loss is known in me. Upon my death the French can little boast; In yours they will, in you all hopes are lost. Flight cannot stain the honor you have won; But mine it will, that no exploit have done; You fled for vantage, every one will swear; But, if I bow, they 'll say it was for fear. There is no hope that ever I will stay, If the first hour I shrink and run away. Here on my knee I beg mortality, Rather than life preserved with infamy.

French basely: de manière base, de façon base. bastard: bâtard, métis, enfant naturel, roche massive, salaud. beg: mendier, mendions, mendiez, mendies, mendie, mendient, demander, prier, quémander, implorer, supplier. bow: arc, proue, archet, avant, s'incliner, saluer. dally: lambiner, lanterner, lambine, lanternez, lanternes, lanternent,

lanterne, lambinons, lambinez, lambinent, lanternons. exploit: exploiter. fled: fuîtes, fuit, fuis, fuirent, fuîmes, fui, échappâtes, échappé, échappas, échappâmes, échappai. flies: vole. honor: honneur, honorer. honorable: honorable. infamy: infamie. preserved: conservé. revenge: revanche, vengeance, venger.

shrink: rétrécir, se ratatiner, se racornir. slain: tué. slave: esclave, asservir. stain: tache, salir, souiller, tacher, colorant, teinture, teinter. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. unknown: inconnu, ignoré, inconnue. vantage: avantage. yours: vôtre.

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97

TALBOT. Shall all thy mother's hopes lie in one tomb? JOHN. Aye, rather than I 'll shame my mother's womb.% TALBOT. Upon my blessing, I command thee go. JOHN. To fight I will, but not to fly the foe. TALBOT. Part of thy father may be saved in thee. JOHN. No part of him but will be shame in me. TALBOT. Thou never hadst renown, nor canst not lose it. JOHN. Yes, your renowned name: shall flight abuse it? TALBOT. Thy father's charge shall clear thee from that stain. JOHN. You cannot witness for me, being slain. If death be so apparent, then both fly. TALBOT. And leave my followers here to fight and die; My age was never tainted with such shame. JOHN. And shall my youth be guilty of such blame? No more can I be sever'd from your side, Than can yourself yourself in twain divide:

French abuse: abus, abuser, défaut, tourmenter, insulter, injure, maltraiter, affront, offenser. apparent: évident, apparent. blessing: bénédiction, bénissant. command: commande, commandement, commander, ordre, ordonner, enjoindre, sommer, instruction, ordre de commande. flight: vol, fuite, volée, essor. fly: mouche, voler, volez, voles, volent, vole, volons, volant.

foe: ennemi. followers: suite, adhérents, parti. guilty: coupable. hopes: espère, souhaite. lie: mentir, mensonge, être couché, gésir. renown: renommée, distinction, réputation, gloire, renom. renowned: renommé. saved: épargnâtes, épargnas, épargnâmes, épargnèrent, épargné, épargnai, épargna, sauvâtes, sauvas,

sauvâmes, sauvèrent. shame: honte, pouah, vergogne. stain: tache, salir, souiller, tacher, colorant, teinture, teinter. tainted: corrompu. thee: toi, te, vous. thy: ton. tomb: tombe, tombeau. witness: témoin, être présent, assister, témoigner. yourself: vous. youth: jeunesse, ado, jeunes.

98

King Henry VI, Part I

Stay, go, do what you will, the like do I; For live I will not, if my father die.% TALBOT. Then here I take my leave of thee, fair son, Born to eclipse thy life this afternoon. Come, side by side together live and die; And soul with soul from France to heaven fly. [Exeunt.]

SCENE VI. A FIELD OF BATTLE. [Alarum: excursions, wherein TALBOT'S SON is hemmed about, and TALBOT rescues him.] TALBOT. Saint George and victory; fight, soldiers, fight: The regent hath with Talbot broke his word, And left us to the rage of France his sword. Where is John Talbot? Pause, and take thy breath; I gave thee life and rescued thee from death. JOHN. O, twice my father, twice am I thy son! The life thou gavest me first was lost and done, Till with thy warlike sword, despite of fate, To my determined time thou gavest new date. TALBOT. When from the Dauphin's crest thy sword struck fire, It warm'd thy father's heart with proud desire Of bold-faced victory. Then leaden age,

French broke: fauché, cassai, cassés de fabrication. crest: crête, sommet. date: date, datte, dater, rencontre. despite: en dépit de, malgré. determined: déterminé, déterminai, déterminâmes, déterminèrent, détermina, déterminas, déterminâtes, décidé. eclipse: éclipse, éclipser. excursions: promenades. fair: foire, juste, kermesse, blond,

marché, équitable, bazar, moral, beau, exposition, loyal. fight: combattre, combat, batailler, lutte, luter, lutter. fly: mouche, voler, volez, voles, volent, vole, volons, volant. heaven: ciel, paradis. leaden: de plomb, plombé. pause: pause, repos, trêve. proud: fier, altier, orgueilleux. rage: fureur, rage, furie, tempêter, rager.

regent: régent. rescued: rescapé. soul: âme. struck: frappé. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. twice: deux fois, bis. victory: victoire. warlike: guerrier, belliqueux. wherein: où.

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99

Quicken'd %with youthful spleen and warlike rage, Beat down Alencon, Orleans, Burgundy, And from the pride of Gallia rescued thee. The ireful bastard Orleans, that drew blood From thee, my boy, and had the maidenhood Of thy first fight, I soon encountered, And interchanging blows I quickly shed Some of his bastard blood; and in disgrace Bespoke him thus; 'Contaminated base And misbegotten blood I spill of thine, Mean and right poor, for that pure blood of mine, Which thou didst force from Talbot, my brave boy:' Here, purposing the Bastard to destroy, Came in strong rescue. Speak, thy father's care, Art thou not weary, John? how dost thou fare? Wilt thou yet leave the battle, boy, and fly, Now thou art seal'd the son of chivalry? Fly, to revenge my death when I am dead: The help of one stands me in little stead. O, too much folly is it, well I wot, To hazard all our lives in one small boat! If I to-day die not with Frenchmen's rage, To-morrow I shall die with mickle age: By me they nothing gain an if I stay; 'Tis but the short'ning of my life one day: In thee thy mother dies, our household's name, My death's revenge, thy youth, and England's fame: All these and more we hazard by thy stay; All these are saved if thou wilt fly away. JOHN. The sword of Orleans hath not made me smart; These words of yours draw life-blood from my heart:

French bastard: bâtard, métis, enfant naturel, roche massive, salaud. blows: coups, souffle. brave: courageux, vaillant, brave. dies: meurt, décède. folly: folie, sottise. gain: gain, gagner, bénéfice, profit, acquisition, avantage, remporter, gain de transmission. hazard: risque, danger, hasard, aléa, péril, risquer, aventurer, oser, hasarder.

misbegotten: illégitime. quickly: rapidement, vite, de manière rapide, de façon rapide. rescue: sauver, sauvetage, secours, délivrance. rescued: rescapé. revenge: revanche, vengeance, venger. saved: épargnâtes, épargnas, épargnâmes, épargnèrent, épargné, épargnai, épargna, sauvâtes, sauvas, sauvâmes, sauvèrent. spill: renverser, déversement, fuite.

spleen: rate. stands: tribune. strong: fort, puissant, vigoureux, solide, robuste. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. warlike: guerrier, belliqueux. weary: las, fatigué. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir. youthful: jeune, juvénile.

100

King Henry VI, Part I

On that advantage, bought with such a shame, To save a paltry life and slay bright fame, Before young Talbot from old Talbot fly, The coward horse that bears me fall and die! And like me to the peasant boys of France, To be shame's scorn and subject of mischance! Surely, by all the glory you have won, An if I fly, I am not Talbot's son; Then talk no more of flight, it is no boot; If son to Talbot, die at Talbot's foot.% TALBOT. Then follow thou thy desperate sire of Crete, Thou Icarus; thy life to me is sweet: If thou wilt fight, fight by thy father's side; And, commendable proved, let 's die in pride. [Exeunt.]

SCENE VII. ANOTHER PART OF THE FIELD. [Alarum: excursions. Enter old TALBOT led by a SERVANT.] TALBOT. Where is my other life? mine own is gone; O, where's young Talbot? where is valiant John? Triumphant death, smear'd with captivity, Young Talbot's valor makes me smile at thee: When he perceived me shrink and on my knee, His bloody sword he brandish'd over me, And, like a hungry lion, did commence Rough deeds of rage and stern impatience;

French bears: ours. boys: garçons. bright: clair, lumineux, luisant, brillant, vif, magnifique, éclatant. commendable: louable. coward: lâche, couard, peureux, poltron. excursions: promenades. led: menâmes, conduisîtes, conduisit, conduisis, conduit, conduisirent, conduisîmes, menèrent, menas, menâtes, mena.

lion: lion. paltry: misérable. perceived: aperçu, aperçus, aperçûtes, aperçûmes, aperçurent, aperçut, perçut, perçus, perçurent, perçûtes, perçûmes. proved: prouvas, prouvâtes, prouvèrent, prouva, prouvai, prouvâmes. scorn: dédain, mépriser, mépris. shrink: rétrécir, se ratatiner, se racornir.

sire: père, engendrer. slay: tuer, tuons, tuez, tue, tuent, tues, abattre, rectifier. smile: sourire. stern: poupe, arrière, sévère. subject: sujet, thème, composition, objet. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir.

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101

But when my angry guardant stood alone, Tendering my ruin and assail'd of none, Dizzy-ey'd fury and great rage of heart Suddenly made him from my side to start Into the clustering battle of the French; And in that sea of blood my boy did drench His over-mounting spirit, and there died, My Icarus, my blossom, in his pride.% SERVANT. O my dear lord, lo where your son is borne! [Enter SOLDIERS, with the body of young TALBOT.] TALBOT. Thou antic Death, which laugh'st us here to scorn, Anon, from thy insulting tyranny, Coupled in bonds of perpetuity, Two Talbots, winged through the lither sky, In thy despite shall 'scape mortality. O thou, whose wounds become hard-favor'd death, Speak to thy father ere thou yield thy breath! Brave death by speaking, whether he will or no; Imagine him a Frenchman and thy foe. Poor boy! he smiles, methinks, as who should say, Had death been French, then death had died to-day. Come, come and lay him in his father's arms: My spirit can no longer bear these harms. Soldiers, adieu! I have what I would have, Now my old arms are young John Talbot's grave. [Dies.] [Enter CHARLES, ALENCON, BURGUNDY, BASTARD, LA PUCELLE, and FORCES.]

French adieu: adieu. angry: fâché, en colère, irrité, furieux. antic: cabriole, bouffonnerie. battle: bataille, combat, lutte. bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter. blossom: fleur, fleurir, floraison, affleurement oxydé. bonds: obligations. clustering: agglutination, agrégation, groupage, groupement en masse,

segmentation, mise en faisceau, clustering. dear: cher, coûteux. ere: avant, avant que. fury: fureur, furie. insulting: insultant. lay: poser, posez, poses, posent, posons, laïque, pose, coucher, pondre, commettage, pondent. rage: fureur, rage, furie, tempêter, rager. ruin: ruine, ruiner, abîmer, abaisser,

ravager. speaking: parlant, parler. spirit: esprit, vigueur. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. winged: ailé, blessé. yield: rendement, céder, cèdent, cèdes, cédez, cédons, cède, abandonner, produire, abdiquer, reculer.

102

King Henry VI, Part I

CHARLES. Had York and Somerset brought rescue in, We should have found a bloody day of this.% BASTARD. How the young whelp of Talbot's, raging-wood, Did flesh his puny sword in Frenchmen's blood! PUCELLE. Once I encounter'd him, and thus I said: 'Thou maiden youth, be vanquish'd by a maid.' But, with a proud majestical high scorn, He answer'd thus: 'Young Talbot was not born To be the pillage of a giglot wench:' So, rushing in the bowels of the French, He left me proudly, as unworthy fight. BURGUNDY. Doubtless he would have made a noble knight: See, where he lies inhearsed in the arms Of the most bloody nurser of his harms! BASTARD. Hew them to pieces, hack their bones asunder, Whose life was England's glory, Gallia's wonder. CHARLES. O, no, forbear! for that which we have fled During the life, let us not wrong it dead. [Enter SIR WILLIAM LUCY, attended; HERALD of the French preceding.] LUCY. Herald, conduct me to the Dauphin's tent, To know who hath obtain'd the glory of the day. CHARLES. On what submissive message art thou sent?

French attended: assisté, soignas, soignâtes, assista, assistai, assistâmes, assistas, assistâtes, assistèrent, soigna, soignai. bones: os. bowels: intestins. conduct: conduire, conduite, guider, diriger, mener, aboutir, procédé, régler. fled: fuîtes, fuit, fuis, fuirent, fuîmes, fui, échappâtes, échappé, échappas, échappâmes, échappai. flesh: chair, pulpe.

forbear: s'abstenir. glory: gloire, renommée, réputation. hack: hacher, hachent, haches, hachez, hachons, hache, tailler, rainette. lies: git, ment. maiden: vierge, brin. noble: noble, élevé. pillage: piller, rapiner. proud: fier, altier, orgueilleux. proudly: fièrement, de manière fire, de façon fire. puny: chétif.

rescue: sauver, sauvetage, secours, délivrance. submissive: soumis, docile. sword: épée, sabre, glaive. thou: tu, vous, toi. unworthy: indigne. whelp: couteau pour voûte de four, chienner, petit, savon de grande longueur. wonder: s'étonner, miracle, merveille, se demander. youth: jeunesse, ado, jeunes.

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LUCY. Submission, Dauphin! 'tis a mere French word; We English warriors wot not what it means. I come to know what prisoners thou hast ta'en, And to survey the bodies of the dead.% CHARLES. For prisoners ask'st thou? hell our prison is. But tell me whom thou seek'st. LUCY. But where's the great Alcides of the field, Valiant Lord Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, Created for his rare success in arms, Great Earl of Washford, Waterford, and Valence; Lord Talbot of Goodrig and Urchinfield, Lord Strange of Blackmere, Lord Verdun of Alton, Lord Cromwell of Wingfield, Lord Furnival of Sheffield, The thrice-victorious Lord of Falconbridge; Knight of the noble order of Saint George, Worthy Saint Michael, and the Golden Fleece; Great marshal to Henry the Sixth Of all his wars within the realm of France? PUCELLE. Here's a silly stately style indeed! The Turk, that two and fifty kingdoms hath, Writes not so tedious a style as this. Him that thou magnifiest with all these titles Stinking and fly-blown lies here at our feet. LUCY. Is Talbot slain, the Frenchman's only scourge, Your kingdom's terror and black Nemesis? O, were mine eye-balls into bullets turn'd,

French bodies: corps. bullets: balles. feet: pieds. fifty: cinquante. hell: enfer. kingdoms: royaumes. lies: git, ment. marshal: maréchal. mere: pur, seul, simple. mine: mine, mienne. noble: noble, élevé. prison: prison.

prisoners: prisonniers. rare: rare, saignant. realm: règne, royaume, puissance, domaine. silly: idiot, stupide, bête. slain: tué. stately: imposant. style: style, mode. success: succès, prospérité, aboutissement, gain, réussite. survey: enquête, étude, levé, inspection, sondage, arpenter,

campagne d'évaluation. tedious: ennuyeux, fastidieux. terror: terreur, effroi. thou: tu, vous, toi. wars: guerres. whom: qui.

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That I in rage might shoot them at your faces! O, that I could but can these dead to life! It were enough to fright the realm of France: Were but his picture left amongst you here, It would amaze the proudest of you all. Give me their bodies, that I may bear them hence And give them burial as beseems their worth.% PUCELLE. I think this upstart is old Talbot's ghost, He speaks with such a proud commanding spirit, For God's sake, let him have 'em; to keep them here, They would but stink, and putrify the air. CHARLES. Go, take their bodies hence. LUCY. I 'll bear them hence; but from their ashes shall be rear'd A phoenix that shall make all France afeard. CHARLES. So we be rid of them, do with 'em what thou wilt. And now to Paris, in this conquering vein: All will be ours, now bloody Talbot's slain. [Exeunt.]

French air: air, aérer, mélodie, air de musique, aria, ventiler. amaze: étonner, étonne, étonnons, étonnent, étonnez, étonnes, stupéfier, abasourdis, abasourdissent. amongst: parmi. ashes: cendres. burial: enterrement, obsèques, ensevelissement, enfouissement. commanding: commandant, dominant, ordonner. conquering: conquérant.

fright: peur, effroi, anxiété, frayeur, terreur. hence: par conséquent, donc, d'où, c'est pourquoi. ours: nôtre. phoenix: Phénix. proud: fier, altier, orgueilleux. rage: fureur, rage, furie, tempêter, rager. realm: règne, royaume, puissance, domaine. rid: débarrasser, débarrassâmes,

débarrassez, débarrasses, débarrassèrent, débarrassent, débarrassé, débarrasse, débarrassas, débarrassons, débarrassai. sake: saké. shoot: tirer, tires, tire, tirent, tirez, tirons, pousse, glissière. slain: tué. speaks: parle. stink: puanteur, puer, empester. thou: tu, vous, toi. upstart: parvenu.

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ACT V

SCENE I. LONDON. THE PALACE.% [Sennet. Enter KING, GLOUCESTER, and EXETER.] KING. Have you perused the letters from the pope, The emperor, and the Earl of Armagnac? GLOUCESTER. I have, my lord: and their intent is this: They humbly sue unto your excellence To have a godly peace concluded of Between the realms of England and of France. KING. How doth your grace affect their motion? GLOUCESTER. Well, my good lord; and as the only means To stop effusion of our Christian blood And stablish quietness on every side.

French affect: affecter, affectes, affecte, affectons, affectez, affectent, émouvoir, toucher, influer, influons, émeus. concluded: conclu, conclûmes, conclut, conclus, conclurent, conclûtes. effusion: effusion. emperor: empereur. enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis,

introduisons. godly: pieux. grace: grâce, charme. humbly: humblement, de manière humble, de façon humble. intent: intention. letters: lettres. lord: seigneur, monsieur. motion: mouvement, motion, résolution, marche, requête. peace: paix, tranquillité. perused: lûtes, lûmes, lurent, lus, lut,

lu. quietness: calme, repos, tranquillité. stop: arrêter, arrêtez, arrête, arrêtes, arrêtent, arrêtons, arrêt, cesser, cessent, cessez, cessons. sue: actionner.

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KING. Aye, marry, uncle; for I always thought It was both impious and unnatural That such immanity and bloody strife Should reign among professors of one faith.% GLOUCESTER. Beside, my lord, the sooner to effect And surer bind this knot of amity, The Earl of Armagnac, near knit to Charles, A man of great authority in France, Proffers his only daughter to your grace In marriage, with a large and sumptuous dowry. KING. Marriage, uncle! alas, my years are young! And fitter is my study and my books Than wanton dalliance with a paramour. Yet call the ambassadors; and, as you please, So let them have their answers every one: I shall be well content with any choice Tends to God's glory and my country's weal. [Enter WINCHESTER AMBASSADORS.]

in

Cardinal's

habit,

a

LEGATE

and

two

EXETER. What! is my Lord of Winchester install'd And call'd unto a cardinal's degree? Then I perceive that will be verified Henry the Fifth did sometime prophesy, 'If once he come to be a cardinal, He'll make his cap co-equal with the crown.' KING. My lords ambassadors, your several suits

French alas: hélas, malheureusement. ambassadors: ambassadeurs. answers: répond. bind: attacher, lier, relier, nouer. cap: casquette, bonnet, toque, chapeau, capsule, calotte, coiffe, capuchon, bouchon, culot, couvercle. dalliance: flirt. dowry: dot, don. fitter: ajusteur, installateur, essayeur. glory: gloire, renommée, réputation. habit: habitude, coutume, usage, port.

impious: impie. knit: tricoter. knot: noeud, nouer, bécasseau maubèche, larme, nodule, nœud lâche. marriage: mariage. marry: marier, te maries, vous mariez, nous marions, me marie, mariezvous, se marient, épouser, se marier, épouses, épouse. perceive: apercevoir, apercevons, apercevez, aperçoivent, aperçois,

percevoir, discerner, percevez, perçoivent, percevons, perçois. reign: règne, commandement, gouvernement, tenue. sometime: un jour, jadis. sumptuous: somptueux. wanton: dévergondé. weal: bonheur.

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Have been consider'd and debated on. Your purpose is both good and reasonable; And therefore are we certainly resolved To draw conditions of a friendly peace; Which by my Lord of Winchester we mean Shall be transported presently to France.% GLOUCESTER. And for the proffer of my lord your master, I have inform'd his highness so at large, As liking of the lady's virtuous gifts, Her beauty and the value of her dower, He doth intend she shall be England's Queen. KING. In argument and proof of which contract, Bear her this jewel, pledge of my affection. And so, my lord protector, see them guarded And safely brought to Dover; where inshipp'd, Commit them to the fortune of the sea. [Exeunt all but WINCHESTER and LEGATE.] WINCHESTER. Stay my lord legate: you shall first receive The sum of money which I promised Should be deliver'd to his holiness For clothing me in these grave ornaments. LEGATE. I will attend upon your lordship's leisure. WINCHESTER. [Aside] Now Winchester will not submit, I trow, Or be inferior to the proudest peer.

French beauty: beauté. clothing: vêtements, vêtant, habillement, habillant, revêtant. conditions: conditionne. debated: débattu, débattues, débattirent, débattit. fortune: fortune, sort, destinée, destin. grave: tombe, grave, sérieux. highness: altesse. inferior: inférieur. intend: viser, visent, visons, visez, vise, vises, avoir pour but, projeter,

projettent, projette, projetons. jewel: bijou, joyau. legate: légat. leisure: loisir. liking: affection, penchant. pledge: gage, nantissement, promettre, engagement. presently: actuellement. proffer: offrir, présenter. proof: preuve, épreuve, témoignage, démonstration. protector: protecteur.

purpose: but, dessein, objet, intention. safely: de manière sûre, de façon sûre. submit: soumettre, soumettons, soumets, soumettez, soumettent, abdiquer, se soumettre. sum: somme, montant, addition. transported: transporté. value: valeur, apprécier, mérite, évaluer. virtuous: vertueux.

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Humphrey of Gloucester, thou shalt well perceive That neither in birth or for authority, The bishop will be overborne by thee: I 'll either make thee stoop and bend thy knee, Or sack this country with a mutiny.% [Exeunt.]

SCENE II. FRANCE. PLAINS IN ANJOU. [Enter CHARLES, BURGUNDY, ALENCON, BASTARD, REIGNIER, LA PUCELLE, and FORCES.] CHARLES. These news, my lords, may cheer our drooping spirits: 'Tis said the stout Parisians do revolt And turn again unto the warlike French. ALENCON. Then march to Paris, royal Charles of France, And keep not back your powers in dalliance. PUCELLE. Peace be amongst them, if they turn to us; Else, ruin combat with their palaces! [Enter SCOUT.] SCOUT. Success unto our valiant general, And happiness to his accomplices! CHARLES. What tidings send our scouts? I prithee, speak.

French accomplices: complices. amongst: parmi. bend: courber, fléchir, coude, courbe, courbure, incliner, ployer, plier, cintrer, virage, baisser. birth: naissance. bishop: évêque, fou. cheer: acclamation, acclamer, applaudir. combat: combattre, combat. dalliance: flirt. drooping: tombant, fanaison.

happiness: bonheur, félicité. neither: ni, personne, non plus, nul. palaces: palais. powers: pouvoirs. ruin: ruine, ruiner, abîmer, abaisser, ravager. sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier, suspendre. send: envoyer, envoies, envoie, envoyons, envoient, envoyez, adresser, adresse, adressent, adresses, adressez.

speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent. stoop: s'incliner, pencher. stout: corpulent, fort, gros, stout. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. tidings: nouvelles. valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux. warlike: guerrier, belliqueux.

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SCOUT. The English army, that divided was Into two parties, is now conjoin'd in one, And means to give you battle presently.% CHARLES. Somewhat too sudden, sirs, the warning is; But we will presently provide for them. BURGUNDY. I trust the ghost of Talbot is not there: Now he is gone, my lord, you need not fear. PUCELLE. Of all base passions, fear is most accursed. Command the conquest, Charles, it shall be thine, Let Henry fret and all the world repine. CHARLES. Then on, my lords; and France be fortunate! [Exeunt.]

SCENE III. BEFORE ANGIERS. [Alarum. Excursions. Enter LA PUCELLE.] PUCELLE. The regent conquers, and the Frenchmen fly. Now help, ye charming spells and periapts; And ye choice spirits that admonish me, And give me signs of future accidents. [Thunder] You speedy helpers, that are substitutes Under the lordly monarch of the north,

French admonish: admonester, admonestons, admonestent, admonestez, admoneste, admonestes, exhorter, exhortez, exhortons, exhortes, exhortent. charming: charmant, ravissant, gentil, mignon. conquers: conquiert. conquest: conquête. divided: divisé, divisai, divisa, divisèrent, divisâmes, divisâtes, divisas, partageâtes, partagèrent,

partagea, partagé. excursions: promenades. fortunate: heureux, chanceux. fret: frette. ghost: fantôme, apparition, image fantôme, revenant, hématie dépigmentée, spectre. lordly: seigneurial. monarch: monarque. passions: passions. presently: actuellement. regent: régent.

signs: signes, signe. speedy: prompt, rapide, prochain. spells: épelle. spirits: spiritueux. sudden: subit, soudain. warning: avertissement, avertissant, sommation, alerte, alertant, recommandation, avis. ye: vous, toi, tu.

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Appear %and aid me in this enterprise. [Enter FIENDS.] This speedy and quick appearance argues proof Of your accustom'd diligence to me. Now, ye familiar spirits, that are cull'd Out of the powerful regions under earth, Help me this once, that France may get the field. [They walk and speak not.] O, hold me not with silence over-long! Where I was wont to feed you with my blood, I 'll lop a member off and give it you In earnest of a further benefit, So you do condescend to help me now. [They hang their heads.] No hope to have redress? My body shall Pay recompense, if you will grant my suit. [They shake their heads.] Cannot my body nor blood-sacrifice Entreat you to your wonted furtherance? Then take my soul, my body, soul and all, Before that England give the French the foil. [They depart.] See, they forsake me! Now the time is come That France must vail her lofty-plumed crest, And let her head fall into England's lap. My ancient incantations are too weak, And hell too strong for me to buckle with: Now, France, thy glory droopeth to the dust. [Exit.] [Excursions. Re-enter LA PUCELLE fighting hand to hand with YORK: LA PUCELLE is taken. The French fly.]

French appearance: aspect, apparence, comparution, allure, apparition, spectacle, air. argues: arraisonne. buckle: boucle, boucler, boucle de vêtement, gondolement. condescend: condescendre, condescendons, condescendez, condescends, condescendent. diligence: diligence, assiduité. earnest: sérieux. feed: alimenter, alimente, alimentes,

alimentent, alimentons, alimentez, nourrir, nourrissons, nourris, nourrissent, nourrissez. fighting: combattant, combat. forsake: abandonner, délaisser, abandonnent, abandonnons, abandonnes, abandonne, abandonnez, délaisse, délaissent, délaisses, délaissez. lop: clapotis, taille, taillent, tailles, taillez, taillons, ébrancher, tailler. member: membre, adhérent, affilié,

partisan. powerful: puissant. quick: rapide, prompt, vite. recompense: récompense. redress: réparation. speedy: prompt, rapide, prochain. thy: ton. walk: marcher, marches, marchons, marchent, marchez, promenade, marche, démarche, se promener. wont: coutume. wonted: habituel, accoutumé.

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YORK. Damsel of France, I think I have you fast: Unchain your spirits now with spelling charms, And try if they can gain your liberty. A goodly prize, fit for the devil's grace! See, how the ugly witch doth bend her brows, As if with Circe she would change my shape! PUCELLE. Chang'd to a worser shape thou canst not be.% YORK. O, Charles the Dauphin is a proper man; No shape but his can please your dainty eye. PUCELLE. A plaguing mischief light on Charles and thee! And may ye both be suddenly surprised By bloody hands, in sleeping on your beds! YORK. Fell banning hag; enchantress, hold thy tongue! PUCELLE. I prithee, give me leave to curse awhile. YORK. Curse, miscreant, when thou comest to the stake. [Exeunt.] [Alarum. Enter SUFFOLK, with MARGARET in his hand.] SUFFOLK. Be what thou wilt, thou art my prisoner. [Gazes on her.] O fairest beauty, do not fear nor fly! For I will touch thee but with reverent hands; I kiss these fingers for eternal peace,

French awhile: pendant quelque temps. beds: lits. curse: maudire, blasphémer, malédiction. dainty: délicat, tendre, aimable. enchantress: enchanteresse. eternal: éternel, perpétuel. fingers: doigts. fit: adapter, convenir, ajustement, ajuster, apoplexie, crise, en bonne santé. goodly: de façon bonne, de manière

bonne. kiss: baiser, embrasser, bise. light: léger, clair, lumière, allumer, feu, faible, enflammer, lumineux, lampe, rayonnement visible. mischief: malice. prize: prix, récompense. proper: convenable, propre, exact, juste, adéquat, approprié. reverent: révérend, respectueux. shape: forme, former, façonner, modeler, profil.

sleeping: dormant. spelling: orthographe. stake: pieu, poteau, échalas, jalon, piquet, perche. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. touch: toucher, touche, contact, touchez. ugly: laid, vilain, moche, mauvais. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir. witch: sorcière.

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King Henry VI, Part I

And lay them gently on thy tender side. Who art thou? say, that I may honor thee.% MARGARET. Margaret my name, and daughter to a king, The King of Naples, whosoe'er thou art. SUFFOLK. An earl I am, and Suffolk am I call'd. Be not offended, nature's miracle, Thou art allotted to be ta'en by me. So doth the swan her downy cygnets save, Keeping them prisoner underneath her wings. Yet, if this servile usage once offend, Go and be free again as Suffolk's friend. [She is going.] O, stay! I have no power to let her pass; My hand would free her, but my heart says no. As plays the sun upon the glassy streams, Twinkling another counterfeited beam, So seems this gorgeous beauty to mine eyes. Fain would I woo her, yet I dare not speak: I'll call for pen and ink, and write my mind. Fie, de la Pole! disable not thyself; Hast not a tongue? is she not here? Wilt thou be daunted at a woman's sight? Aye, beauty's princely majesty is such, Confounds the tongue and makes the senses rough. MARGARET. Say, Earl of Suffolk,--if thy name be so-What ransom must I pay before I pass? For I perceive I am thy prisoner.

French allotted: attribué, attribuèrent, attribuai, attribuâmes, attribuas, attribuâtes, attribua. call: appel, appeler, appelles, appelle, appelons, appellent, appelez, communication, nommer, visite, escale. daunted: découragé, intimidé, découragèrent, intimidèrent, intimidâtes, intimidas, intimidâmes, intimida, décourageâtes, décourageas, décourageâmes.

disable: désactiver, désemparer, désactivons, désactivez, désactive, désactives, désactivent. downy: duveteux. earl: comte. gently: doucement, de manière douce, de façon douce, gentiment. glassy: vitreux. gorgeous: magnifique. honor: honneur, honorer. ink: encre, encrer. pen: plume, stylo, enclos.

plays: joue. princely: princier. ransom: rançon. rough: brut, grossier, cru, rugueux, rude, maussade, rustique, râpeux, rêche. servile: aplaventriste, servile. swan: cygne. usage: usage, coutume, utilisation. woo: faire la cour. write: écrire, écris, écrivent, écrivez, écrivons, composer, rédiger.

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113

SUFFOLK. How canst thou tell she will deny thy suit, Before thou make a trial of her love? MARGARET. Why speak'st thou not? what ransom must I pay? SUFFOLK. She's beautiful and therefore to be woo'd; She is a woman, therefore to be won.% MARGARET. Wilt thou accept of ransom? yea, or no. SUFFOLK. Fond man, remember that thou hast a wife; Then how can Margaret be thy paramour? MARGARET. I were best leave him, for he will not hear. SUFFOLK. There all is marr'd; there lies a cooling card. MARGARET. He talks at random; sure, the man is mad. SUFFOLK. And yet a dispensation may be had. MARGARET. And yet I would that you would answer me. SUFFOLK. I'll win this Lady Margaret. For whom? Why, for my king; tush, that 's a wooden thing! MARGARET. He talks of wood: it is some carpenter.

French accept: accepter, acceptez, acceptons, acceptent, accepte, acceptes, agréer, admettre, agréent, agréez, agréons. answer: réponse, répondre, répondez, réplique. beautiful: beau. card: carte, fiche, carde. carpenter: charpentier, menuisier. cooling: refroidissement, refroidissant, rafraîchissement. deny: nier, niez, nions, nient, nie, nies, démentir, renier.

dispensation: dispense, dérogation, dispensation. hear: entendre, entendent, entends, entendez, entendons, ouïr, écouter, oient, ois, oyez, oyons. king: roi, dame. lies: git, ment. mad: fou, agité, aberrant, enragé. paramour: amant. random: aléatoire, accidentel, au hasard, hasard. ransom: rançon.

sure: sûr, certain, assuré. talks: parle. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. trial: jugement, essai, épreuve, désolation, procès. win: gagner, gagnons, gagnez, gagnes, gagne, gagnent, remporter, remporte, remportent, remportes, remportez. wood: bois. wooden: de bois, en bois. yea: oui.

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SUFFOLK. Yet so my fancy may be satisfied, And peace established between these realms. But there remains a scruple in that too; For though her father be the King of Naples, Duke of Anjou and Maine, yet is he poor, And our nobility will scorn the match.% MARGARET. Hear ye, captain, are you not at leisure? SUFFOLK. It shall be so, disdain they ne'er so much: Henry is youthful and will quickly yield. Madam, I have a secret to reveal. MARGARET. What though I be enthrall'd? he seems a knight, And will not any way dishonor me. SUFFOLK. Lady, vouchsafe to listen what I say. MARGARET. Perhaps I shall be rescued by the French; And then I need not crave his courtesy. SUFFOLK. Sweet madam, give me hearing in a cause-MARGARET. Tush! women have been captivate ere now. SUFFOLK. Lady, wherefore talk you so? MARGARET. I cry you mercy, 'tis but Quid for Quo.

French captivate: captiver, captive, captives, captivons, captivent, captivez. courtesy: courtoisie. crave: solliciter, sollicites, sollicitez, sollicitent, sollicite, sollicitons. cry: pleurer, cri, crier, vagir. disdain: dédain. dishonor: déshonneur, déshonorer, refus d'acceptation. ere: avant, avant que. established: établi, constaté, constata, constatèrent, constatâmes, constatai,

constatas, constatâtes, établirent, établîmes, établis. fancy: imaginer, fantaisie, songer, rêver éveillé, aimer. hearing: entendant, audition, audience, ouïe, audition publique, oyant. leisure: loisir. listen: écouter, écoutes, écoute, écoutons, écoutez, écoutent. mercy: pitié, compassion, miséricorde. nobility: noblesse.

remains: reste, restes. rescued: rescapé. reveal: révéler, révèle, révèles, révèlent, révélons, révélez, développer, publier, déceler, jouée. scorn: dédain, mépriser, mépris. scruple: scrupule. secret: secret, arcane. vouchsafe: accorder. wherefore: pourquoi. ye: vous, toi, tu. youthful: jeune, juvénile.

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SUFFOLK. Say, gentle princess, would you not suppose Your bondage happy, to be made a queen? MARGARET. To be a queen in bondage is more vile Than is a slave in base servility; For princes should be free.% SUFFOLK. And so shall you, If happy England's royal king be free. MARGARET. Why, what concerns his freedom unto me? SUFFOLK. I'll undertake to make thee Henry's queen, To put a golden scepter in thy hand And set a precious crown upon thy head, If thou wilt condescend to be my-MARGARET. What? SUFFOLK. His love. MARGARET. I am unworthy to be Henry's wife. SUFFOLK. No, gentle madam; I unworthy am To woo so fair a dame to be his wife, And have no portion in the choice myself. How say you, madam, are ye so content? MARGARET. An if my father please, I am content.

French base: base, baser, assise, culot, embase, abject, lâche, pied, socle, patin, fonder. bondage: esclavage. concerns: concerne. condescend: condescendre, condescendons, condescendez, condescends, condescendent. content: contenu, satisfait. crown: couronne, couronner, cime, sommet, voûte, sacrer. dame: demoiselle noble, dame.

fair: foire, juste, kermesse, blond, marché, équitable, bazar, moral, beau, exposition, loyal. freedom: liberté. gentle: doux, gentil, suave, sucré. golden: doré, en or, d'or. portion: partie, portion, part. precious: précieux, rare. princess: princesse. queen: reine, dame. scepter: sceptre. slave: esclave, asservir.

thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. undertake: entreprendre, entreprennent, entreprenons, entreprends, entreprenez, se démener. unworthy: indigne. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir. woo: faire la cour. ye: vous, toi, tu.

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SUFFOLK. Then call our captain and our colors forth. And, madam, at your father's castle walls We'll crave a parley, to confer with him. [A parley sounded. Enter REIGNIER on the walls.] See, Reignier, see, thy daughter prisoner! REIGNIER. To whom? SUFFOLK. To me.% REIGNIER. Suffolk, what remedy? I am a soldier, and unapt to weep, Or to exclaim on fortune's fickleness. SUFFOLK. Yes, there is remedy enough, my lord: Consent, and for thy honor give consent, Thy daughter shall be wedded to my king; Whom I with pain have woo'd and won thereto; And this her easy-held imprisonment Hath gain'd thy daughter princely liberty. REIGNIER. Speaks Suffolk as he thinks? SUFFOLK. Fair Margaret knows That Suffolk doth not flatter, face, or feign. REIGNIER. Upon thy princely warrant, I descend To give thee answer of thy just demand. [Exit from the walls.]

French captain: capitaine, commandant, capitaine de vaisseau. castle: château, tour, château fort. colors: colore. confer: conférer, confèrent, conférez, conférons, confère, confères. crave: solliciter, sollicites, sollicitez, sollicitent, sollicite, sollicitons. exclaim: exclamer, exclames, exclame, exclamez, exclamons, exclament, s'exclamer. feign: feindre, simuler.

fickleness: inconstance. flatter: flatter, flatte, flattons, flattez, flattes, flattent, aduler, adule, adules, adulent, adulez. honor: honneur, honorer. liberty: liberté. parley: pourparlers. princely: princier. prisoner: prisonnier, détenu. remedy: remède, moyen, ressource, assainir, guérir. soldier: soldat, militaire.

sounded: sonna, sonnâmes, sonnés, sonnèrent, sonnées, sonné. thee: toi, te, vous. thinks: pense. thy: ton. warrant: garantir, assurer, cautionner, mandat, warrant, bon de souscription, garantie. wedded: me mariai, nous mariâmes, se maria, se marié, se marièrent, te marias, vous mariâtes, marié.

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SUFFOLK. And here I will expect thy coming.% [Trumpets sound. Enter REIGNIER, below.] REIGNIER. Welcome, brave earl, into our territories: Command in Anjou what your honor pleases. SUFFOLK. Thanks, Reignier, happy for so sweet a child, Fit to be made companion with a king: What answer makes your grace unto my suit? REIGNIER. Since thou dost deign to woo her little worth To be the princely bride of such a lord; Upon condition I may quietly Enjoy mine own, the country Maine and Anjou, Free from oppression or the stroke of war, My daughter shall be Henry's, if he please. SUFFOLK. That is her ransom; I deliver her; And those two counties I will undertake Your Grace shall well and quietly enjoy. REIGNIER. And I again, in Henry's royal name, As deputy unto that gracious king, Give thee her hand, for sign of plighted faith. SUFFOLK. Reignier of France, I give thee kingly thanks, Because this is in traffic of a king. [Aside] And yet, methinks, I could be well content

French bride: fiancée, accordée, mariée. companion: compagnon, camarade, compagne, accompagnateur. condition: condition, état, conditionner, situation, manière d'être. deign: condescendre, daigner, daignes, condescendent, daignez, daignent, daigne, condescends, condescendons, condescendez, daignons. deliver: livrer, livre, livrons, livrez,

livrent, livres, fournir, délivrer. deputy: député, adjoint. enjoy: jouir, jouissez, jouis, jouissent, jouissons, jouir de, être joyeux, savourer. expect: attendre, attendons, attends, attendez, attendent, espérer. gracious: gracieux. honor: honneur, honorer. kingly: royal. oppression: abus d'autorité, oppression.

pleases: plaît, plait. princely: princier. quietly: paisiblement, tranquillement, de manière calme, de façon calme, calmement. ransom: rançon. thanks: remercie, merci, remerciement. thee: toi, te, vous. thy: ton. traffic: trafic, circulation, commerce. woo: faire la cour.

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To be mine own attorney in this case. I 'll over then to England with this news, And make this marriage to be solemnized. So, farewell, Reignier; set this diamond safe In golden palaces, as it becomes.% REIGNIER. I do embrace thee as I would embrace The Christian prince, King Henry, were he here. MARGARET. Farewell, my lord: good wishes, praise and prayers. Shall Suffolk ever have of Margaret. [Going.] SUFFOLK. Farewell, sweet madam: but hark you, Margaret; No princely commendations to my king? MARGARET. Such commendations as becomes a maid, A virgin and his servant, say to him. SUFFOLK. Words sweetly placed and modestly directed. But, madam, I must trouble you again; No loving token to his majesty? MARGARET. Yes, my good lord, a pure unspotted heart, Never yet taint with love, I send the king. SUFFOLK. And this withal. [Kisses her.]

French attorney: mandataire, avocat, procureur. becomes: devient. diamond: diamant, carreau. embrace: embrasser, étreinte, prendre dans les bras, embrassade, embrassement, embrassent. farewell: adieu. loving: amoureux, aimant. majesty: majesté, seigneurie. modestly: modestement, de manière modeste, de façon modeste.

palaces: palais. placed: placé. praise: louange, glorifier, éloge, louer, louanger. princely: princier. pure: pur, blanc, propre. safe: sûr, en sûreté, à l'abri, sauf, sans danger. servant: serviteur, domestique, servante. solemnized: solennisai, solennisèrent, solennisé, solennisâtes, solennisâmes,

solennisa, solennisas. sweet: doux, sucré, bonbon, suave, friandise, gentil, dessert. sweetly: doucement, de manière douce, de façon douce. taint: infection, entacher. thee: toi, te, vous. token: jeton, signe, témoignage, signal, marque, preuve, gage. virgin: vierge, virginal. wishes: vœux.

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MARGARET. That for thyself: I will not so presume To send such peevish tokens to a king.% [Exeunt REIGNIER and MARGARET.] SUFFOLK. O, wert thou for myself! But, Suffolk, stay; Thou mayst not wander in that labyrinth; There Minotaurs and ugly treasons lurk. Solicit Henry with her wondrous praise: Bethink thee on her virtues that surmount, And natural graces that extinguish art; Repeat their semblance often on the seas, That, when thou comest to kneel at Henry's feet, Thou mayst bereave him of his wits with wonder. [Exit.]

SCENE IV. CAMP OF THE DUKE OF YORK IN ANJOU. [Enter YORK, WARWICK, and others.] YORK. Bring forth that sorceress condemn'd to burn. [Enter LA PUCELLE, guarded, and a SHEPHERD.] SHEPHERD. Ah, Joan, this kills thy father's heart outright! Have I sought every country far and near, And now it is my chance to find thee out, Must I behold thy timeless cruel death? Ah, Joan, sweet daughter Joan, I 'll die with thee!

French behold: voilà, voici, apercevoir, voir. bereave: déposséder, priver. burn: brûler, brûlure, s'allumer. camp: camp, camper, campement. cruel: cruel, atroce, méchant. die: mourir, mourons, meurent, meurs, mourez, décéder, décède, décédons, décédez, décèdent, décèdes. extinguish: éteindre, éteignent, éteignez, éteignons, éteins. forth: en avant.

graces: Grâces. guarded: protégé, gardé. kills: tue. kneel: s'agenouiller. natural: naturel. peevish: maussade, grincheux. semblance: apparence, semblant. sorceress: sorcière. sought: cherchâtes, cherchas, cherchâmes, cherchèrent, cherché, cherchai, chercha, raillèrent, raillé, raillâtes, railla.

sweet: doux, sucré, bonbon, suave, friandise, gentil, dessert. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. timeless: éternel, intemporel. ugly: laid, vilain, moche, mauvais. virtues: vertus. wander: errer, errons, erres, errez, errent, erre, vaguer, vague, vaguent, vagues, vaguez. wondrous: merveilleux.

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PUCELLE. Decrepit miser! base ignoble wretch! I am descended of a gentler blood: Thou art no father nor no friend of mine.% SHEPHERD. Out, out! My lords, as please you, 'tis not so; I did beget her, all the parish knows. Her mother liveth yet, can testify She was the first fruit of my bachelorship. WARWICK. Graceless! wilt thou deny thy parentage? YORK. This argues what her kind of life hath been, Wicked and vile; and so her death concludes. SHEPHERD. Fie, Joan, that thou wilt be so obstacle! God knows thou art a collop of my flesh; And for thy sake have I shed many a tear: Deny me not, I prithee, gentle Joan. PUCELLE. Peasant, avaunt! You have suborn'd this man, Of purpose to obscure my noble birth. SHEPHERD. 'Tis true, I gave a noble to the priest The morn that I was wedded to her mother. Kneel down and take my blessing, good my girl. Wilt thou not stoop? Now cursed be the time Of thy nativity! I would the milk Thy mother gave thee when thou suck'dst her breast, Had been a little ratsbane for thy sake!

French argues: arraisonne. beget: engendrer, engendrons, engendre, engendrent, engendrez, engendres. blessing: bénédiction, bénissant. concludes: conclut. cursed: maudit. deny: nier, niez, nions, nient, nie, nies, démentir, renier. descended: descendu, descendirent, descendîmes, descendîtes, descendis, descendit.

friend: ami, amie, copain, copine, camarade. fruit: fruit, fruits. ignoble: ignoble. knows: connaît, sait. miser: avare. morn: matin. nativity: naissance, nativité. noble: noble, élevé. obscure: obscur, obscurcir. parentage: naissance. parish: paroisse.

shed: hangar, verser, abri, versai, versas, versâmes, versa, versons, versez, verses, versèrent. stoop: s'incliner, pencher. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton. vile: vil, abject, lâche, infâme. wedded: me mariai, nous mariâmes, se maria, se marié, se marièrent, te marias, vous mariâtes, marié. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir.

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Or else, when thou didst keep my lambs a-field, I wish some ravenous wolf had eaten thee! Dost thou deny thy father, cursed drab? O, burn her, burn her! hanging is too good. [Exit.] YORK. Take her away; for she hath lived too long, To fill the world with vicious qualities.% PUCELLE. First, let me tell you whom you have condemn'd: Not me begotten of a shepherd swain, But issued from the progeny of kings; Virtuous and holy; chosen from above, By inspiration of celestial grace, To work exceeding miracles on earth. I never had to do with wicked spirits: But you, that are polluted with your lusts, Stain'd with the guiltless blood of innocents, Corrupt and tainted with a thousand vices, Because you want the grace that others have, You judge it straight a thing impossible To compass wonders but by help of devils. No, misconceived! Joan of Arc hath been A virgin from her tender infancy, Chaste and immaculate in very thought; Whose maiden blood, thus rigorously effused, Will cry for vengeance at the gates of heaven. YORK. Aye, aye: away with her to execution! WARWICK. And hark ye, sirs; because she is a maid,

French begotten: engendré. celestial: céleste. eaten: mangé. exceeding: dépassant, excédant, maîtrisant, outrepassant. fill: remplir, remplissage, compléter, charger, obturer, plomber, bourrer, emplir, remblai. guiltless: innocent. hanging: pendaison, suspension, suspendu, pendre, mise à la pente. immaculate: immaculé.

inspiration: inspiration, souffle. issued: émis. lived: vécut, vécurent, vécûmes, vécus, vécu, habita, habitai, habitâmes, habitas, habitâtes, habitèrent. polluted: polluas, polluâtes, polluèrent, pollua, polluai, polluâmes, pollué. progeny: descendants, progéniture. ravenous: vorace. rigorously: rigoureusement, de

manière rigoureuse, de façon rigoureuse. shepherd: berger, pasteur, pâtre, soigner. straight: droit, direct, directement, tout droit, franc, ligne droite, honnête, rectiligne. tainted: corrompu. vengeance: revanche, vengeance. vicious: méchant, vicieux, perfide, malin. wicked: mauvais, méchant.

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Spare for no faggots, let there be enow: Place barrels of pitch upon the fatal stake, That so her torture may be shortened.% PUCELLE. Will nothing turn your unrelenting hearts? Then, Joan, discover thine infirmity, That warranteth by law to be thy privilege. I am with child, ye bloody homicides: Murder not then the fruit within my womb, Although ye hale me to a violent death. YORK. Now heaven forfend! the holy maid with child! WARWICK. The greatest miracle that e'er ye wrought: Is all your strict preciseness come to this? YORK. She and the Dauphin have been juggling: I did imagine what would be her refuge. WARWICK. Well, go to; we'll have no bastards live; Especially since Charles must father it. PUCELLE. You are deceived; my child is none of his: It was Alencon that enjoy'd my love. YORK. Alencon! that notorious Machiavel! It dies, an if it had a thousand lives. PUCELLE. O, give me leave, I have deluded you:

French barrels: barils. bastards: bâtards. deceived: trompé, trompa, trompai, trompâmes, trompas, trompèrent, trompâtes, déçu, triché, trichâtes, trichai. deluded: trompé, illusionnas, trompâtes, trompas, trompâmes, trompai, trompa, illusionnèrent, illusionnâtes, trompèrent, illusionnâmes. dies: meurt, décède.

discover: découvrir, découvres, découvrent, découvrez, découvrons, découvre, dépouiller, dépouillons, dépouille, dépouillent, dépouilles. fatal: fatal, mortel. fruit: fruit, fruits. hale: vigoureux. heaven: ciel, paradis. holy: saint, sacré. maid: femme de chambre, servante, domestique, bonne. miracle: miracle.

notorious: notoire, mal famé. pitch: tangage, hauteur tonale, pas, tonie, poix, écartement, inclinaison, espacement, ton, longueur, brai. preciseness: précision. refuge: refuge, abri, retraite. strict: sévère, austère, strict, rigoureux. thy: ton. torture: torture, torturer, supplice. unrelenting: inexorable. violent: violent. ye: vous, toi, tu.

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'Twas neither Charles nor yet the duke I named, But Reignier, king of Naples, that prevail'd.% WARWICK. A married man! that's most intolerable. YORK. Why, here's a girl! I think she knows not well There were so many, whom she may accuse. WARWICK. It's sign she hath been liberal and free. YORK. And yet, forsooth, she is a virgin pure. Strumpet, thy words condemn thy brat and thee: Use no entreaty, for it is in vain. PUCELLE. Then lead me hence; with whom I leave my curse: May never glorious sun reflex his beams Upon the country where you make abode: But darkness and the gloomy shade of death Environ you, till mischief and despair Drive you to break your necks or hang yourselves! [Exit, guarded.] YORK. Break thou in pieces and consume to ashes, Thou foul accursed minister of hell! [Enter CARDINAL BEAUFORT, Bishop of Winchester, attended.] CARDINAL. Lord regent, I do greet your excellence With letters of commission from the king. For know, my lords, the states of Christendom, Moved with remorse of these outrageous broils,

French accursed: maudit. accuse: accuser, accuse, accuses, accusent, accusez, accusons, dénoncer, incriminer, livrer. ashes: cendres. brat: gosse, morveux. commission: commission, commissionner, groupe de travail, mandat. condemn: condamner, condamnez, condamnons, condamnent, condamne, condamnes, repousser.

consume: consommer, consommez, consomment, consomme, consommons, consommes, consumer, consument, consumez, consumons, consume. entreaty: imploration, supplication. gloomy: sombre, morne. greet: saluer, salues, salue, saluons, saluez, saluent, accueillir, accueillons, accueillez, accueilles, accueille. intolerable: intolérable. lead: plomb, conduire, mener, mène,

menons, menez, mènes, conduisons, mènent, conduisent, conduisez. liberal: libéral. mischief: malice. reflex: réflexe. regent: régent. remorse: remords. shade: ombre, nuance, teinte, ombrage, ombrager, nuancer, ombrer. vain: vain, vaniteux, abortif, frivole.

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Have earnestly implored a general peace Betwixt our nation and the aspiring French; And here at hand the Dauphin and his train Approacheth, to confer about some matter.% YORK. Is all our travail turn'd to this effect? After the slaughter of so many peers, So many captains, gentlemen and soldiers, That in this quarrel have been overthrown, And sold their bodies for their country's benefit, Shall we at last conclude effeminate peace? Have we not lost most part of all the towns, By treason, falsehood, and by treachery, Our great progenitors had conquered? O, Warwick, Warwick! I foresee with grief The utter loss of all the realm of France. WARWICK. Be patient, York: if we conclude a peace, It shall be with such strict and severe covenants As little shall the Frenchmen gain thereby. [Enter CHARLES, ALENCON, BASTARD, REIGNIER, and others.] CHARLES. Since, lords of England, it is thus agreed That peaceful truce shall be proclaim'd in France, We come to be informed by yourselves What the conditions of that league must be. YORK. Speak, Winchester; for boiling choler chokes The hollow passage of my poison'd voice, By sight of these our baleful enemies.

French aspiring: aspirant. baleful: funeste, sinistre. boiling: bouillant, ébullition, cuisson, bouillonnement. captains: capitaines. conclude: conclure, concluez, concluent, concluons, conclus, terminer. confer: conférer, confèrent, conférez, conférons, confère, confères. earnestly: sérieusement, de manière sérieuse, de façon sérieuse.

effeminate: efféminé. falsehood: mensonge. foresee: prévoir, prévoyez, prévoient, prévoyons, prévois. hollow: creux, cavité, caver. implored: imploras, implorâtes, implorèrent, imploré, implora, implorai, implorâmes. quarrel: querelle, dispute, se quereller, se disputer, noise. realm: règne, royaume, puissance, domaine.

severe: sévère, austère, grave, difficile, dur, rigoureux. slaughter: abattre, abattage, massacre, tuerie, carnage. thereby: de ce fait, par ce moyen. travail: labeur. treason: trahison. truce: trêve. utter: répandre, émettre, proférer, prononcer.

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CARDINAL. Charles, and the rest, it is enacted thus: That, in regard King Henry gives consent, Of mere compassion and of lenity, To ease your country of distressful war, And suffer you to breathe in fruitful peace, You shall become true liegemen to his crown: And, Charles, upon condition thou wilt swear To pay him tribute and submit thyself, Thou shalt be placed as viceroy under him, And still enjoy the regal dignity.% ALENCON. Must he be then as shadow of himself? Adorn his temples with a coronet, And yet, in substance and authority, Retain but privilege of a private man? This proffer is absurd and reasonless. CHARLES. 'Tis known already that I am possess'd With more than half the Gallian territories, And therein reverenced for their lawful king: Shall I, for lucre of the rest unvanquish'd, Detract so much from that prerogative, As to be call'd but viceroy of the whole? No, lord ambassador, I 'll rather keep That which I have than, coveting for more, Be cast from possibility of all. YORK. Insulting Charles! hast thou by secret means Used intercession to obtain a league, And, now the matter grows to compromise,

French absurd: absurde, aberrant. ambassador: ambassadeur, ambassadrice. breathe: respirer, respire, respires, respirent, respirons, respirez. cast: fondre, moule, coulée, couler, distribution, acteurs, plâtre. compassion: compassion, pitié, apitoiement. coveting: convoitant. ease: aise, soulager, aisance, facilité. enacted: décrété, promulgué, prit,

édictèrent, promulguâtes, promulguas, promulguâmes, promulguai, prîtes, pris, prirent. fruitful: fructueux, fruitier. gives: donne, offre, aboule. grows: grandit, croît. intercession: intercession. lawful: légal, légitime, licite. lucre: fric. matter: matière, substance, affaire, cas, chose, question. obtain: obtenir, obtiennent, obtiens,

obtenons, obtenez, acquérir, procurer. possibility: possibilité. proffer: offrir, présenter. regal: royal. submit: soumettre, soumettons, soumets, soumettez, soumettent, abdiquer, se soumettre. therein: en cela. thou: tu, vous, toi. tribute: tribut, hommage. wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir.

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Stand'st thou aloof upon comparison? Either accept the title thou usurp'st, Of benefit proceeding from our king And not of any challenge of desert, Or we will plague thee with incessant wars.% REIGNIER. My lord, you do not well in obstinacy To cavil in the course of this contract: If once it be neglected, ten to one We shall not find like opportunity. ALENCON. To say the truth, it is your policy To save your subjects from such massacre And ruthless slaughters as are daily seen, By our proceeding in hostility; And therefore take this compact of a truce, Although you break it when your pleasure serves. WARWICK. How say'st thou, Charles? shall our condition stand? CHARLES. It shall; Only reserv'd, you claim no interest In any of our towns of garrison. YORK. Then swear allegiance to his majesty, As thou art knight, never to disobey Nor be rebellious to the crown of England Thou, nor thy nobles, to the crown of England. So, now dismiss your army when ye please; Hang up your ensigns, let your drums be still, For here we entertain a solemn peace.

French allegiance: allégeance. aloof: distant. cavil: chicaner. challenge: contester, disputer, récusation, défier. claim: créance, réclamer, revendication, demande, demander, exiger, revendiquer, requérir. compact: compact, compacter. course: cours, plat, route, parcours, direction, trivial, leçon, piste, met, course, assise.

dismiss: licencier, renvoyer, licencie, renvoyez, renvoies, renvoient, renvoie, licencions, licenciez, licencies, licencient. drums: batterie. entertain: distraire, divertir, régaler, distraient, distrais, distrayez, distrayons, abriter, divertis, divertissons, divertissez. garrison: garnison. incessant: incessant. knight: chevalier, cavalier.

neglected: négligé. opportunity: occasion, opportunité. plague: peste, fléau. proceeding: procédant, avançant. rebellious: rebelle, révolté. ruthless: impitoyable. solemn: solennel. swear: jurer, jures, jure, jurez, jurons, jurent, blasphémer, prêter serment. thee: toi, te, vous. thou: tu, vous, toi. thy: ton.

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[Exeunt.]

SCENE V. LONDON. THE ROYAL PALACE.% [Enter SUFFOLK in conference with the KING, GLOUCESTER and EXETER.] KING. Your wondrous rare description, noble earl, Of beauteous Margaret hath astonish'd me. Her virtues graced with external gifts Do breed love's settled passions in my heart: And like as rigor of tempestuous gusts Provokes the mightiest hulk against the tide, So am I driven by breath of her renown, Either to suffer shipwreck or arrive Where I may have fruition of her love. SUFFOLK. Tush, my good lord, this superficial tale Is but a preface of her worthy praise; The chief perfections of that lovely dame, Had I sufficient skill to utter them, Would make a volume of enticing lines, Able to ravish any dull conceit: And, which is more, she is not so divine, So full-replete with choice of all delights, But with as humble lowliness of mind She is content to be at your command; Command, I mean, of virtuous intents, To love and honor Henry as her lord.

French beauteous: beau. breed: race, élever, éduquer. description: description, signalement. dull: terne, mat, obtus, abêtir, bébête, sot, ennuyeux, monotone. enticing: tentant. external: externe, extérieur. fruition: réalisation. honor: honneur, honorer. hulk: ponton. humble: humble, modeste. lovely: charmant, agréable, ravissant,

délicieux, beau, mignon, cher, gentil, magnifique, splendide, superbe. lowliness: humilité. mightiest: le plus puissant. noble: noble, élevé. passions: passions. preface: introduction, préface, préfacer. ravish: ravis, ravissent, ravissez, ravissons, ravir. rigor: rigueur. settled: réglâmes, régla, réglas,

réglèrent, réglai, réglâtes, réglé. shipwreck: naufrage, épave. superficial: superficiel. tempestuous: orageux, passionné. utter: répandre, émettre, proférer, prononcer. virtues: vertus. virtuous: vertueux. volume: volume, tome. wondrous: merveilleux. worthy: digne.

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KING. And otherwise will Henry ne'er presume. Therefore, my lord protector, give consent That Margaret may be England's royal queen.% GLOUCESTER. So should I give consent to flatter sin. You know, my lord, your highness is betroth'd Unto another lady of esteem: How shall we then dispense with that contract, And not deface your honor with reproach? SUFFOLK. As doth a ruler with unlawful oaths; Or one that, at a triumph having vow'd To try his strength, forsaketh yet the lists By reason of his adversary's odds: A poor earl's daughter is unequal odds, And therefore may be broke without offense. GLOUCESTER. Why, what, I pray, is Margaret more than that? Her father is no better than an earl, Although in glorious titles he excel. SUFFOLK. Yes, my lord, her father is a king, The King of Naples and Jerusalem; And of such great authority in France, As his alliance will confirm our peace, And keep the Frenchmen in allegiance. GLOUCESTER. And so the Earl of Armagnac may do, Because he is near kinsman unto Charles.

French allegiance: allégeance. alliance: alliance. authority: autorité, pouvoir, autorités, instance. confirm: confirmer, confirment, confirmons, confirmez, confirme, confirmes, ratifier. consent: consentement, consentir, donner son accord, admettre, être d'accord, agrément. deface: défigurer, défigurent, défigure, défigures, défigurez, défigurons.

dispense: dispenser, dispense, dispensent, dispenses, dispensez, dispensons. excel: exceller, excelles, excellez, excellent, excellons, excelle. flatter: flatter, flatte, flattons, flattez, flattes, flattent, aduler, adule, adules, adulent, adulez. glorious: glorieux, fameux. highness: altesse. honor: honneur, honorer. kinsman: parent.

offense: délit, offense. pray: prier, prie, pries, prions, priez, prient. protector: protecteur. reproach: reproche, reprocher, réprimander, gronder, sermonner, reprendre. ruler: règle, dominateur, souverain. titles: titres. triumph: triomphe, triompher. unequal: inégal. unlawful: illégal, illégitime, illicite.

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EXETER. Beside, his wealth doth warrant a liberal dower, Where Reignier sooner will receive than give.% SUFFOLK. A dower, my lords! disgrace not so your king, That he should be so abject, base and poor, To choose for wealth and not for perfect love. Henry is able to enrich his queen, And not to seek a queen to make him rich: So worthless peasants bargain for their wives, As market-men for oxen, sheep, or horse. Marriage is a matter of more worth Than to be dealt in by attorneyship; Not whom we will; but whom his grace affects, Must be companion of his nuptial bed: And therefore, lords, since he affects her most, It most of all these reasons bindeth us, In our opinions she should be preferr'd. For what is wedlock forced but a hell, An age of discord and continual strife? Whereas the contrary bringeth bliss, And is a pattern of celestial peace. Whom should we match with Henry, being a king, But Margaret, that is daughter to a king? Her peerless feature, joined with her birth, Approves her fit for none but for a king; Her valiant courage and undaunted spirit, More than in women commonly is seen, Will answer our hope in issue of a king; For Henry, son unto a conqueror, Is likely to beget more conquerors, If with a lady of so high resolve

French abject: abject, lâche, pauvre, misérable. affects: affecte, émeut, influe. bargain: marchander, négocier, bonne affaire, affaire, occasion, marché. choose: choisir, choisissent, choisis, choisissons, choisissez, désigner, adopter, opter, opte, optent, optes. commonly: de façon commune, de manière commune. continual: continuel, constant, invariable, permanent. dealt: opéré.

dower: douaire. enrich: enrichir, enrichissons, enrichissent, enrichissez, enrichis. feature: trait, caractéristique, fonction, caractéristiques, grand film. forced: forcé. joined: joignîtes, joignîmes, joignirent, joignis, joignit, joint, reliâtes, relias, reliâmes, reliai, relièrent. match: allumette, apparier, match, s'entremettre, assortir, égal, partie, rencontre.

opinions: avis. pattern: patron, modèle, schéma, motif, pattern, forme, configuration, dessin. perfect: parfait, achevé, accompli. reasons: raisonne. receive: recevoir, reçois, recevez, recevons, reçoivent, accueillir, admettre, accueille, accueillent, accueilles, accueillez. wealth: richesse, fortune. wedlock: mariage.

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As is fair Margaret he be link'd in love. Then yield, my lords; and here conclude with me That Margaret shall be queen, and none but she.% KING. Whether it be through force of your report, My noble Lord of Suffolk, or for that My tender youth was never yet attaint With any passion of inflaming love, I cannot tell; but this I am assured, I feel such sharp dissension in my breast, Such fierce alarums both of hope and fear, As I am sick with working of my thoughts. Take, therefore, shipping; post, my lord, to France; Agree to any covenants, and procure That Lady Margaret do vouchsafe to come To cross the seas to England, and be crown'd King Henry's faithful and anointed queen: For your expenses and sufficient charge, Among the people gather up a tenth. Be gone, I say; for till you do return, I rest perplexed with a thousand cares. And you, good uncle, banish all offense: If you do censure me by what you were, Not what you are, I know it will excuse This sudden execution of my will. And so, conduct me where, from company, I may revolve and ruminate my grief. [Exit.] GLOUCESTER. Aye, grief, I fear me, both at first and last. [Exeunt GLOUCESTER and EXETER.]

French anointed: enduisirent, enduit, enduisîtes, enduisîmes, enduisis, enduisit, oint, étalas, étala, oignîtes, étalai. banish: bannir. censure: critiquer, reprendre. dissension: discorde. execution: exécution. expenses: dépense, frais, dépenses, charges, sortie. faithful: fidèle, loyal, honnête, droit. gather: rassembler, ramasser,

recueillir, réunir, déduire, conclure, collectionner, assembler, fronce, amasser, récolter. grief: peine, chagrin, désolation, abattement, douleur. inflaming: enflammant. passion: passion, ardeur. perplexed: embarrassa, embarrassai, embarrassâmes, embarrassas, embarrassâtes, embarrassèrent, perplexe, embarrassé. post: poste, poteau, pieu, emploi,

afficher, fonction, courrier, coller, office, agglutiner, place. revolve: tourner, tournes, tournez, tourne, tournons, tournent, ruminer. ruminate: ruminer, rumine, ruminons, ruminez, ruminent, rumines. shipping: expédiant, expédition, embarquement. tender: offre, tendre, adjudication, doux, tender, annexe, offrir, présenter, proposition, gentil, suave. vouchsafe: accorder.

William Shakespeare

SUFFOLK. Thus %Suffolk hath prevail'd; and thus he goes, As did the youthful Paris once to Greece, With hope to find the like event in love, But prosper better than the Troyan did. Margaret shall now be queen, and rule the king; But I will rule both her, the king and realm. [Exit.]

French event: événement, occasion, fait, surveiller, tenue, régler, filet. manifestation. youthful: jeune, juvénile. hope: espoir, espérer, espère, espèrent, espères, espérez, espérons, espérance, souhaiter, souhaitons, souhaitez. king: roi, dame. prosper: prospérer, prospères, prospèrent, prospérez, prospérons, prospère. queen: reine, dame. rule: règle, gouverner, régner, règne, commandement, gouvernement,

131

132

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GLOSSARY abel: Abel abject: abject, lâche, pauvre, misérable abrupt: abrupt, brusque, raide, inattendu, escarpé, soudain, subit, à pic absurd: absurde, aberrant abuse: abus, abuser, défaut, tourmenter, insulter, injure, maltraiter, affront, offenser accept: accepter, acceptez, acceptons, acceptent, accepte, acceptes, agréer, admettre, agréent, agréez, agréons accomplices: complices according: selon accordingly: donc, en conséquence, par conséquent, ensuite accursed: maudit accuse: accuser, accuse, accuses, accusent, accusez, accusons, dénoncer, incriminer, livrer achievements: prouesses, accomplissements add: ajouter, additionner, ajoutes, ajoute, ajoutons, ajoutez, ajoutent, additionnes, additionne, additionnent, additionnons adieu: adieu admiring: admirant, admiratif admonish: admonester, admonestons, admonestent, admonestez, admoneste, admonestes, exhorter, exhortez, exhortons, exhortes, exhortent adonis: adonis advance: avance, avancer, s'approcher, avancement, progresser, progrès, promouvoir, acompte, accélérer, inspirer, progression advancement: avancement, progrès advantage: avantage, intérêt adverse: ennemi, contradictoire, contraire, adverse, nuisible, opposé, hostile afar: loin affairs: affaires

affect: affecter, affectes, affecte, affectons, affectez, affectent, émouvoir, toucher, influer, influons, émeus affects: affecte, émeut, influe afflict: affliger, affligent, afflige, affligeons, affliges, affligez, désoler, désolons, désole, désolent, désolez affords: produit afraid: timide, peureux, effrayé afterwards: après, ensuite, puis, par la suite, plus tard aged: âgé, vieilli, vieux ages: vieillit agree: consentir, consentent, consentez, consentons, consens, être d'accord, s'accorder, donner son accord, s'harmoniser, admettre, accepter aid: aide, aider, secourir, assister, secours, adjoint, assistance aim: but, viser, visent, visons, visez, vises, vise, dessein, peiner, avoir pour but, peinons air: air, aérer, mélodie, air de musique, aria, ventiler alas: hélas, malheureusement allegiance: allégeance alliance: alliance allotted: attribué, attribuèrent, attribuai, attribuâmes, attribuas, attribuâtes, attribua alone: seul, seulement along: le long de aloof: distant aloud: à haute voix altar: autel alteration: modification, transformation, altération, changement, retouche amaze: étonner, étonne, étonnons, étonnent, étonnez, étonnes, stupéfier, abasourdis, abasourdissent amazed: étonné, étonnèrent, étonnâtes, étonnas, étonnai, étonna, étonnâmes, abasourdi, abasourdie,

abasourdirent ambassador: ambassadeur, ambassadrice ambassadors: ambassadeurs ambition: ambition, souhait, aspiration ambitious: ambitieux amity: concorde amongst: parmi ancient: antique, ancien anger: colère angry: fâché, en colère, irrité, furieux anointed: enduisirent, enduit, enduisîtes, enduisîmes, enduisis, enduisit, oint, étalas, étala, oignîtes, étalai answer: réponse, répondre, répondez, réplique answers: répond antic: cabriole, bouffonnerie apparent: évident, apparent appear: apparaître, apparaissez, apparaissons, apparaissent, apparais, sembler, paraître, avoir l'air de, surgir, comparaître appearance: aspect, apparence, comparution, allure, apparition, spectacle, air appearing: apparaissant appears: apparaît applauded: applaudîmes, applaudis, applaudit, applaudîtes, applaudi, applaudirent, acclamâmes, acclamé, acclamas, acclamâtes, acclama approach: approche, aborder, abord, approcher, s'avancer, démarche, voie d'abord, méthode, s'approcher arbitrator: arbitre, médiateur, amiable compositeur arc: arc argues: arraisonne argument: argument, débat, dispute, discussion arm: bras, armer, accoudoir, branche, accotoir, arme armed: armé armour: armure, blinder, blindage

William Shakespeare arms: bras, arme army: armée, armée militaire arrival: arrivée, arrivage, venue, fourniture, ravitaillement art: art artillery: artillerie ashes: cendres aside: de côté, aparté, excepté ask: demander, demande, demandent, demandons, demandez, demandes, poser une question, prier aspiring: aspirant assailing: assaillant assault: assaut, assaillir, attaquer, attenter, donner l'assaut, attentat assembled: montâmes, montas, montâtes, montèrent, assemblas, assemblâtes, monta, montai, monté, assemblé, assembla assured: assuré, assuras, assurâtes, assura, assurèrent, assurai, assurâmes, garantit, garanti, garantîmes, garantirent assuredly: assurément, de manière assurée, de façon assurée attached: attaché, attachai, attachèrent, attachâmes, attacha, attachâtes, attachas, apposa, apposèrent, apposé, apposâtes attend: être présent, assister, soigner, visiter, soignons, assiste, assistes, assistez, assistons, soigne, soignent attended: assisté, soignas, soignâtes, assista, assistai, assistâmes, assistas, assistâtes, assistèrent, soigna, soignai attorney: mandataire, avocat, procureur audacious: audacieux, hardi audacity: audace authority: autorité, pouvoir, autorités, instance avail: avantage, profiter avenge: venger, venge, venges, vengent, vengez, vengeons await: attendre, attends, attendons, attendent, attendez awake: éveillé, réveillé awhile: pendant quelque temps aye: oui backs: parties arrières, sections arrières bad: mauvais, méchant, mal badge: insigne baleful: funeste, sinistre band: bande, orchestre, bandelette, tranche, zone, fanfare, ruban banding: effet de bande, alaise, rubanement bands: bandes bandying: échangeant banish: bannir

banquet: banquet, banqueter, festin bare: nu, dénudé, mettre à nu bargain: marchander, négocier, bonne affaire, affaire, occasion, marché barking: aboiement, aboyer barrels: barils bars: barre, barres base: base, baser, assise, culot, embase, abject, lâche, pied, socle, patin, fonder basely: de manière base, de façon base basset: affleurement bastard: bâtard, métis, enfant naturel, roche massive, salaud bastards: bâtards battery: batterie, pile, accumulateur, accu battle: bataille, combat, lutte beacon: balise, phare, radiophare, signal bear: ours, endurer, produire, souffrir, subir, mettre au monde, baissier, porter, faire naître, supporter beard: barbe bearded: barbu bearing: coussinet, relèvement, palier, roulement, support bears: ours beat: battement, battre, frapper, heurter, temps, rythme beaten: battu, abattue, abattues, battue beating: battement, battage, battant beauteous: beau beautiful: beau beauty: beauté becomes: devient beds: lits bees: abeilles befall: arriver, arrive, arrivent, arrives, arrivez, arrivons beg: mendier, mendions, mendiez, mendies, mendie, mendient, demander, prier, quémander, implorer, supplier beget: engendrer, engendrons, engendre, engendrent, engendrez, engendres begins: commence, débute begotten: engendré beguile: séduire begun: commencé, débuté, commencées behalf: part beheaded: décapitâmes, décapitèrent, décapitâtes, décapitas, décapita, décapitai, décapité beheld: aperçûmes, aperçu, vu, vîtes, vit, vis, virent, vîmes, remarquèrent,

133 remarqué, remarquas behold: voilà, voici, apercevoir, voir beholding: apercevant, remarquant, voyant bell: cloche, clochette, sonnette, sonnerie belong: appartenir, faire partie de, appartenons, appartenez, appartiens, appartiennent belongs: appartient below: sous, dessous, en bas bend: courber, fléchir, coude, courbe, courbure, incliner, ployer, plier, cintrer, virage, baisser benefit: avantage, bénéfice, prestation, allocation, intérêt, gain, profit, indemnité bent: courbé, courbe, courbai, disposition, cambrai, penché bereave: déposséder, priver besiege: assiéger, assiègent, assiégez, assièges, assiégons, assiège, assaillir bestow: accorder, accorde, accordes, accordez, accordons, octroyer, accordent betray: trahir, trahissent, trahissez, trahis, trahissons betwixt: entre beware: attention, prendre garde, se méfier bid: offre, soumission, demander, offrir, prier, enchère, annonce, tentative de prise, mise dans les enchères bill: bec, addition, note, facture, billet, projet de loi, traite, ticket, effet, compte, lettre de change bind: attacher, lier, relier, nouer birth: naissance bishop: évêque, fou bitter: amer, âcre, acerbe blades: aubage, lames blame: blâme, reprocher, gronder, blâmer, sermonner, réprimander, reprendre bleeding: hémorragie, saignement, saignant, saignée, purgeant, purge, dégorgement, ressuage bless: bénir, bénis, bénissent, bénissez, bénissons blessed: béni, bénis, bénîtes, bénirent, bénit, bénîmes, bienheureux blessing: bénédiction, bénissant blind: aveugle, éblouir, aveugler, store, éblouissons, aveuglez, aveuglent, éblouissez, aveugles, éblouissent, éblouis blood: sang bloody: sanglant blossom: fleur, fleurir, floraison, affleurement oxydé blot: tache, pâté

134 blow: coup, souffler, bataille, souffler sur, souffle blows: coups, souffle blue: bleu, azur bluntly: de manière émoussée, de façon émoussée blush: rougir, rougeur blushing: rougissant, rougeur boast: fanfaronner, vanter, faire le malin, se vanter boasting: vantardise, fanfaronnade, taille de pierres, vantant bodies: corps boiling: bouillant, ébullition, cuisson, bouillonnement bold: gras, audacieux, épais, gros, hardi, intrépide bondage: esclavage bonds: obligations bones: os books: livres bordeaux: Bordeaux born: né bosom: sein, poitrine bought: acheté bound: bond, lié, limite, relié bounds: bornes bout: combat bow: arc, proue, archet, avant, s'incliner, saluer bowels: intestins boy: garçon, gosse, serviteur, domestique, gamin boys: garçons brains: cervelle, cerveau brat: gosse, morveux brave: courageux, vaillant, brave bravely: courageusement, de manière courageuse, de façon courageuse brawl: bagarre, rixe breach: brèche, infraction, violation, trouée break: rompre, briser, pause, casser, cassure, rupture, violer, interruption, repos, trêve, fracture breaker: brisant, interrupteur, concasseur, casseur, briseur, broyeur, rupteur breaking: rupture, broyage, fracture, floculation, brisement breast: poitrine, sein, mamelle, front de taille breasts: poitrine, seins breath: souffle, haleine, respiration, le souffle breathe: respirer, respire, respires, respirent, respirons, respirez breathing: respirant, respiration breed: race, élever, éduquer bride: fiancée, accordée, mariée bridge: pont, passerelle, traverse, arête, chevalet, bridge

King Henry VI, Part I brier: brier bright: clair, lumineux, luisant, brillant, vif, magnifique, éclatant bring: apporter, apportons, apportes, apporte, apportez, apportent, amener, amenons, amènes, amène, amenez broach: broche, forer, entamer, toucher, rencontrer, aborder broad: large, ample broils: grille broke: fauché, cassai, cassés de fabrication brook: ruisseau brother: frère, frangin, confrère, le frère brought: apportas, apportâtes, apportâmes, apportai, apporta, apportèrent, apporté, amenai, amené, amenâtes, amenas buckle: boucle, boucler, boucle de vêtement, gondolement buckled: bouclé budge: bouger, bouge, bouges, bougez, bougent, bougeons bull: taureau, haussier, spéculateur à la hausse bullets: balles bulwark: pavois, rempart burdening: surcharger, alourdissant burgundy: bourgogne, bordeaux burial: enterrement, obsèques, ensevelissement, enfouissement burn: brûler, brûlure, s'allumer burning: brûlant, combustion, cuisson, brûlure burst: crever, éclater, salve, rafale, explosion, choc d'ionisation, éclatement, bouffée bury: enterrer, enterre, enterres, enterrez, enterrons, enterrent, inhumer, ensevelir, inhumons, inhumez, inhumes buy: acheter, achat, acquérir caesar: César call: appel, appeler, appelles, appelle, appelons, appellent, appelez, communication, nommer, visite, escale calls: appelle camp: camp, camper, campement canker: cancer, chancre, ulcère canvass: discuter, cabaler, grosse toile, faire de la sollicitation, sollicitation porte à porte, cabalez, cabalons, cabalent cap: casquette, bonnet, toque, chapeau, capsule, calotte, coiffe, capuchon, bouchon, culot, couvercle captain: capitaine, commandant, capitaine de vaisseau captains: capitaines

captivate: captiver, captive, captives, captivons, captivent, captivez card: carte, fiche, carde cardinal: cardinal caroused: festoyai, festoya, festoyâmes, festoyas, festoyèrent, festoyâtes, Festoyé carpenter: charpentier, menuisier carping: chicanier carried: portâtes, portas, porté, porta, portèrent, portâmes, portai, transportèrent, transportâmes, transportas, transporté carry: porter, portes, porte, portons, portent, portez, report, transporter, transportent, transportes, transporte cast: fondre, moule, coulée, couler, distribution, acteurs, plâtre castle: château, tour, château fort cause: cause, causer, faire, rendre, déterminer, procurer, entraîner des conséquences, situer, occasionner, motif cavil: chicaner cease: cesser, cessent celebrate: célébrer, célèbre, célèbrent, célébrez, célébrons, célèbres, fêter, fête, fêtent, fêtes, fêtez celestial: céleste censure: critiquer, reprendre certainly: certainement, certes, assurément, sûrement, d'abord, si, de manière certaine, de façon certaine certify: certifier, certifions, certifie, certifient, certifiez, certifies chain: chaîne, chaînette, enchaînement, enchaîner chair: chaise, siège, chaire challenge: contester, disputer, récusation, défier champagne: champagne champion: champion chance: hasard, chance, accidentel, occasion changed: changé charge: charger, accusation, charge, plainte, imputation, chef d'accusation, taxe, accuser, chargement charming: charmant, ravissant, gentil, mignon chase: chasser, pourchasser, poursuivre, chasse, pousser, faire avancer chased: chassé chastise: châtier, châtions, châtiez, châtient, châtie, châties chastisement: châtiment, punition cheeks: joues cheer: acclamation, acclamer, applaudir

William Shakespeare cheerfully: de manière gaie, de façon gaie chief: chef, principal, dominant choice: choix choke: étouffer, suffoquer, piège, duse, étranglement, étrangleur, boucher, obstruer, engorger, starter choose: choisir, choisissent, choisis, choisissons, choisissez, désigner, adopter, opter, opte, optent, optes chose: choisîmes, choisirent, choisîtes, choisis, choisit, opta, optai, optâmes, optas, optâtes, optèrent chosen: choisi, élu, opté christian: chrétien churlish: grossier circle: cercle, rond, ronde, encercler circumstance: circonstance cities: villes civil: civil clad: claddé, vêtu, chemisage, gaine, revêtu claim: créance, réclamer, revendication, demande, demander, exiger, revendiquer, requérir clamorous: bruyant climbing: grimpant, escalade clocks: horloges close: fermer, ferment, ferme, fermons, fermez, fermes, proche, près, auprès, intime, prochaine clothes: vêtements, vêt, revêt, habille, habits clothing: vêtements, vêtant, habillement, habillant, revêtant clubs: trèfle clustering: agglutination, agrégation, groupage, groupement en masse, segmentation, mise en faisceau, clustering coast: côte, bord, côte rivage coat: manteau, enduire, pardessus, couche, capote, paletot, pelage, enrober, napper coffer: plafonnier encastré, coffre coffin: cercueil cognizance: connaissance cold: froid, rhume colors: colore colour: couleur, teinte, colorier, colorant colours: couleurs combat: combattre, combat comes: vient comet: comète comfort: confort, consoler, consolation, réconfort, réconforter comic: comique, drôle coming: venant command: commande, commandement, commander, ordre, ordonner, enjoindre, sommer,

instruction, ordre de commande commanding: commandant, dominant, ordonner commands: ordres commendable: louable commission: commission, commissionner, groupe de travail, mandat common: commun, ordinaire, vulgaire commonly: de façon commune, de manière commune compact: compact, compacter companion: compagnon, camarade, compagne, accompagnateur compass: boussole, compas compassion: compassion, pitié, apitoiement complaints: plaintes complete: complet, compléter, entier, remplir, parfaire, finir composition: composition, arrangement concern: concerner, souci, regarder, intéresser, soin, être en relation avec, importance, intérêt, inquiétude, préoccupation concerns: concerne conclude: conclure, concluez, concluent, concluons, conclus, terminer concluded: conclu, conclûmes, conclut, conclus, conclurent, conclûtes concludes: conclut condemn: condamner, condamnez, condamnons, condamnent, condamne, condamnes, repousser condescend: condescendre, condescendons, condescendez, condescends, condescendent condition: condition, état, conditionner, situation, manière d'être conditions: conditionne conduct: conduire, conduite, guider, diriger, mener, aboutir, procédé, régler confer: conférer, confèrent, conférez, conférons, confère, confères conference: conférence confess: confesser, avouer, confessent, confessons, confessez, confesses, confesse, avouent, avouons, avoues, avoue confidence: confiance, foi, confidence confirm: confirmer, confirment, confirmons, confirmez, confirme, confirmes, ratifier confounded: confondu confusion: confusion, désordre, confusion mentale, affolement

135 confutation: réfutation conjure: conjurer, conjurons, conjurez, conjurent, conjure, conjures conquered: conquis, conquit, conquîtes, conquîmes, conquirent conquering: conquérant conquers: conquiert conquest: conquête consent: consentement, consentir, donner son accord, admettre, être d'accord, agrément consented: consenti consume: consommer, consommez, consomment, consomme, consommons, consommes, consumer, consument, consumez, consumons, consume consuming: consommant, consumant contain: contenir, contiens, contenons, contenez, contiennent, renfermer, renfermons, renfermez, renferme, renferment, renfermes contaminated: contaminé, contaminai, contaminèrent, contamina, contaminâmes, contaminâtes, contaminas, souillé contempt: mépris contemptible: méprisable content: contenu, satisfait continual: continuel, constant, invariable, permanent continuance: continuation continue: continuer, continuez, continuent, continuons, continues, continue, durer, dure, durent, dures, durez contrary: contraire, opposé, contradictoire contrived: inventé, inventas, inventâmes, inventèrent, inventa, inventai, inventâtes contumelious: abusif convenient: commode, convenable, opportun converse: intervenir, converser conversing: conversant convey: transmettre cooling: refroidissement, refroidissant, rafraîchissement corn: maïs, cor, blé, grain corner: coin, accaparer, monopoliser, corner, angle coronation: couronnement coronet: couronne corpse: cadavre, corps cost: coût, coûter, dépense, prix de revient counsel: conseil, conseiller, avis, avocat, défenseur count: compter, comte, compte, calculer, coup, comptage, chef

136 d'accusation countenance: encourager counterfeit: contrefaçon, contrefaire, faux, contrefait countess: comtesse countryman: paysan courage: courage, abattage course: cours, plat, route, parcours, direction, trivial, leçon, piste, met, course, assise courtesy: courtoisie courts: brigue coveting: convoitant covetous: avide coward: lâche, couard, peureux, poltron cowardice: lâcheté, faiblesse crack: fissure, craquer, fente, craquement, fêlure, crevasse, crack, crique, gercer, gerçure, fêler crave: solliciter, sollicites, sollicitez, sollicitent, sollicite, sollicitons craved: sollicitèrent, sollicita, sollicitai, sollicitâmes, sollicitas, sollicitâtes, sollicité craven: lâche, poltron craves: sollicite crazy: fou, dingue, aberrant, agité create: créer, créent, créons, créez, crée, crées, composer, écrire created: créé, créai, créâmes, créèrent, créa, créâtes, créas creature: créature credit: crédit, créditer crest: crête, sommet cried: pleuré cross: croix, croiser, traverser, franchir, dépasser, passer, maussade, croisé, croisement, traversez crown: couronne, couronner, cime, sommet, voûte, sacrer crowned: couronné cruel: cruel, atroce, méchant cry: pleurer, cri, crier, vagir crying: pleurer crystal: cristal, quartz cuff: manchette, poignet, ballonnet, manchon, revers cunning: rusé, malin, astucieux, artificieux, ruse, sournois, rouerie cunningly: de manière rusée, de façon rusée cure: guérir, guérison, traitement, cure, assainir, soigner, remédier, cuisson, durcissement d'un adhésif, vulcanisation, traiter curse: maudire, blasphémer, malédiction cursed: maudit cut: couper, coupure, trancher, tailler, hacher, coupé, coupe, découper,

King Henry VI, Part I balafre, tondre, réduction cuts: coupures, coupes, chutes, coupe dagger: poignard, dague daily: quotidien, quotidiennement, journellement, journalier, tous les jours, chaque jour dainty: délicat, tendre, aimable dalliance: flirt dally: lambiner, lanterner, lambine, lanternez, lanternes, lanternent, lanterne, lambinons, lambinez, lambinent, lanternons dam: barrage, digue, endiguer damascus: damas dame: demoiselle noble, dame damned: damné, maudit dangerous: dangereux, périlleux, redoutable dare: oser, aventurer, ose, osons, osez, oses, osent, aventurez, aventures, aventurent, aventure dared: osé, osa, osai, osèrent, osâtes, osâmes, osas, aventurèrent, aventurâtes, aventura, aventuras daring: audace, audacieux, hardi, osant, aventurant darkness: obscurité, ténèbres darnel: ivraie dash: tiret, trait dastard: personnage méprisable date: date, datte, dater, rencontre daughter: fille, la fille daughters: filles daunted: découragé, intimidé, découragèrent, intimidèrent, intimidâtes, intimidas, intimidâmes, intimida, décourageâtes, décourageas, décourageâmes dead: mort deadly: mortel, meurtrier, de façon morte, de manière morte deal: distribuer, dispenser, affaire, traiter, transaction, bois blanc dealt: opéré dear: cher, coûteux debated: débattu, débattues, débattirent, débattit deborah: nombre de Deborah decaying: pourrir decease: décès, décéder deceitful: trompeur deceived: trompé, trompa, trompai, trompâmes, trompas, trompèrent, trompâtes, déçu, triché, trichâtes, trichai decide: décider, décidons, décidez, décident, décide, décides declare: déclarer, déclarent, déclarons, déclarez, déclare, déclares deep: profond deeper: plusieurs traductions selon le

contexte deer: cerf, chevreuil deface: défigurer, défigurent, défigure, défigures, défigurez, défigurons default: par défaut, défaut defence: défense, mémoire en défense defensive: défensif, défensive defy: défier, provoquer, défions, défient, défiez, défies, provoquons, provoquez, provoques, provoquent, provoque degraded: dégradé, dégradai, dégrada, dégradâmes, dégradèrent, dégradâtes, dégradas, avili, avilirent, avilit, avilis degree: degré, grade, titre, intitulé, diplôme, rang deign: condescendre, daigner, daignes, condescendent, daignez, daignent, daigne, condescends, condescendons, condescendez, daignons deigned: daignai, daigna, daignèrent, daigné, daignâtes, daignâmes, condescendîtes, condescendit, condescendis, condescendirent, condescendîmes delays: retards, sursied delight: délice, enchanter, ravir, plaisir deliver: livrer, livre, livrons, livrez, livrent, livres, fournir, délivrer deluded: trompé, illusionnas, trompâtes, trompas, trompâmes, trompai, trompa, illusionnèrent, illusionnâtes, trompèrent, illusionnâmes deny: nier, niez, nions, nient, nie, nies, démentir, renier depart: partir, partez, partons, partent, pars, s'en aller departure: départ, disparition deputy: député, adjoint derived: dérivé, dériva, dérivâmes, dérivai, dérivèrent, dérivas, dérivâtes descended: descendu, descendirent, descendîmes, descendîtes, descendis, descendit descent: descente, descendance, origine description: description, signalement deserve: mériter, mérite, méritent, méritez, méritons, mérites deserving: méritant, méritoire desire: désir, désirer, souhait, souhaiter, envie desired: désiré desolate: désolé, sombre, morne desperate: désespéré

William Shakespeare despise: mépriser, méprise, méprises, méprisez, méprisons, méprisent, dédaigner, dédaignent, dédaignez, dédaignons, dédaignes despised: méprisé, méprisèrent, méprisa, méprisai, méprisâmes, méprisas, méprisâtes, dédaigna, dédaigné, dédaignâmes, dédaignèrent despite: en dépit de, malgré destroy: détruire, détruisez, détruisent, détruisons, détruis, ravager, démolir, ravages, ravageons, ravagent, ravage destruction: destruction, ravage, annihilation determined: déterminé, déterminai, déterminâmes, déterminèrent, détermina, déterminas, déterminâtes, décidé devil: diable devise: legs, concevoir diamond: diamant, carreau die: mourir, mourons, meurent, meurs, mourez, décéder, décède, décédons, décédez, décèdent, décèdes died: mort, moururent, mourûmes, mourut, mourus, mourûtes, décédai, décédâtes, décédé, décédas, décédâmes dies: meurt, décède dignity: dignité diligence: diligence, assiduité dim: faible, sombre, obscur, brouiller, rendre confus, rendre trouble dinner: dîner, déjeuner, souper dire: terrible direct: direct, diriger, guider, droit, régler disable: désactiver, désemparer, désactivons, désactivez, désactive, désactives, désactivent discontented: mécontent discord: discorde, désaccord discover: découvrir, découvres, découvrent, découvrez, découvrons, découvre, dépouiller, dépouillons, dépouille, dépouillent, dépouilles disdain: dédain disgrace: disgrâce, honte, déshonorer, déshonneur, disgracier disgraced: disgracié, disgraciés, disgraciées, disgraciée, disgraciâmes disgraceful: honteux disguised: déguisé dishonor: déshonneur, déshonorer, refus d'acceptation dishonourable: déshonorant dismal: sombre, triste, morne, désagréable, banal, abominable, épouvantable, affreux, pénible,

pauvre, horrible dismiss: licencier, renvoyer, licencie, renvoyez, renvoies, renvoient, renvoie, licencions, licenciez, licencies, licencient disobedience: désobéissance dispatch: expédier, dépêche, expédition, déposer, envoyer dispensation: dispense, dérogation, dispensation dispense: dispenser, dispense, dispensent, dispenses, dispensez, dispensons disperse: disperser, dissiper, dispersent, dispersons, dispersez, disperses, disperse, dissipons, dissipez, dissipe, dissipes disputing: disputant dissemble: agir en hypocrite, dissimuler dissembling: dissimulant dissension: discorde distance: distance, éloignement distrust: se méfier, méfiance, défiance distrustful: méfiant disturb: déranger, dérange, dérangez, dérangeons, dérangent, déranges, gêner, gênons, gênez, gênes, gênent divide: diviser, divisent, divisez, divisons, divises, divise, partager, partagent, partagez, partageons, partage divided: divisé, divisai, divisa, divisèrent, divisâmes, divisâtes, divisas, partageâtes, partagèrent, partagea, partagé dogs: griffes médianes, griffes de serrage dolphin: dauphin double: double, doubler, redoubler, sosie doubt: doute, douter doubtful: incertain, douteux dover: Douvres dower: douaire downy: duveteux dowry: dot, don drag: traîner, traîne, traînons, traînez, traînent, traînes, traînée, tirer, faire glisser, résistance, entrave draw: dessiner, dessinent, dessinez, dessinons, dessines, dessine, puiser, tirer, puisent, puisons, puises drawing: dessin, dessinant, puisant, étirage, tirage, appâtant, traçant drawn: dessiné, puisé, tiré, appâté, tracé draws: dessine, puise, appâte, trace dreadful: terrible, affreux, épouvantable drink: boisson, boire, consommation, s'enivrer

137 drive: conduire, pousser, prise, pourchasser, conduis, conduisons, conduisez, conduisent, pousse, poussent, pousses driven: conduit, poussé, pourchassé, piloté, actionné driving: conduite, conduisant, poussant, pourchassant, pilotant, actionnant drooping: tombant, fanaison drop: goutte, tomber, chute, abattre, faire tomber, abandonner, baisser, baisse, laisser tomber, goutte d'eau, s'amoindrir drove: conduisirent, conduisîtes, poussèrent, poussâtes, poussas, poussâmes, poussai, poussa, conduisit, conduisis, conduisîmes drowned: noyé, noya, noyèrent, noyâmes, noyai, noyâtes, noyas drowsy: somnolent drum: tambour, fût drums: batterie due: dû duke: duc dull: terne, mat, obtus, abêtir, bébête, sot, ennuyeux, monotone dumb: muet dungeon: cachot dunghill: tas de fumier dusky: crépusculaire, sombre duty: devoir, droit, service, obligation, taxe dye: teindre, couleur, colorant, teinte, teinture, peinture dying: mourant, décédant eagle: aigle earl: comte earldom: comté earnest: sérieux earnestly: sérieusement, de manière sérieuse, de façon sérieuse ease: aise, soulager, aisance, facilité eaten: mangé eats: mange eclipse: éclipse, éclipser edged: déligné effeminate: efféminé effusion: effusion elect: choisir, désigner, adopter, élire, opter, élu, élisent em: cicéro embrace: embrasser, étreinte, prendre dans les bras, embrassade, embrassement, embrassent emperor: empereur enacted: décrété, promulgué, prit, édictèrent, promulguâtes, promulguas, promulguâmes, promulguai, prîtes, pris, prirent enchant: enchanter, enchantons, enchantent, enchantez, enchante,

138 enchantes enchantress: enchanteresse encompassed: entouré, entourâmes, entourèrent, entouras, entourai, entoura, entourâtes encounter: rencontre, rencontrer, rencontrons, rencontrent, rencontrez, rencontres, abord endless: interminable, infini, sans fin endure: endurer, supporter, endurez, endurent, supportent, supportons, endurons, supportez, supportes, endure, endures enemy: ennemi enfeebled: débilitâtes, débilitèrent, débilité, débilitâmes, débilitai, débilita, débilitas enforce: réaliser, imposer, mettre en vigueur, imposent, réalisent, réalisez, réalisons, réalises, imposons, imposez, impose engenders: engendre english: anglais, langue anglaise engraved: gravé, gravai, gravâtes, gravèrent, grava, gravas, gravâmes enjoy: jouir, jouissez, jouis, jouissent, jouissons, jouir de, être joyeux, savourer enlarge: agrandir, agrandissons, agrandissez, agrandis, agrandissent, étendre, accroître, augmenter, amplifier enlargement: agrandissement, accroissement enrich: enrichir, enrichissons, enrichissent, enrichissez, enrichis enter: entrer, entre, entrons, entrez, entrent, entres, introduire, entrer dans, inscrire, introduis, introduisons entered: entrèrent, entrâmes, entré, entrai, entra, entras, entrâtes, introduisîtes, introduit, introduisit, introduisis entertain: distraire, divertir, régaler, distraient, distrais, distrayez, distrayons, abriter, divertis, divertissons, divertissez entice: tenter, tentons, tentez, tentes, tentent, tente, détourner, dévoyer, attirer, entraîner hors du droit chemin, aguicher enticing: tentant entrance: admission entreats: implore, supplie entreaty: imploration, supplication envious: envieux envy: envie, envier, enviez, envions, envient, envies, jalousie equal: égal, égaler ere: avant, avant que error: erreur, faute, méprise

King Henry VI, Part I escaped: échappé especial: particulier, exceptionnel, spécial established: établi, constaté, constata, constatèrent, constatâmes, constatai, constatas, constatâtes, établirent, établîmes, établis etc: etc eternal: éternel, perpétuel europe: Europe event: événement, occasion, fait, manifestation exceed: dépasser, dépasses, dépasse, dépassez, dépassent, dépassons, excéder, dominer, excède, excèdes, outrepasser exceeding: dépassant, excédant, maîtrisant, outrepassant excel: exceller, excelles, excellez, excellent, excellons, excelle except: sauf, excepter, hormis, excepté, exempter, dispenser, exclure, en outre, à moins que exceptions: exceptions exchanged: échangées exclaim: exclamer, exclames, exclame, exclamez, exclamons, exclament, s'exclamer exclaims: exclame excursion: excursion, randonnée excursions: promenades executed: exécutâtes, exécutas, exécuté, exécuta, exécutai, exécutâmes, exécutèrent execution: exécution exempt: dispenser, exempter, exempt exhibit: exposer, objet exposé, exhiber, montrer exit: sortie, issue, sortir, descendre, donner, aboutir, instruction de sortie expect: attendre, attendons, attends, attendez, attendent, espérer expedition: expédition expense: dépense, frais expenses: dépense, frais, dépenses, charges, sortie expert: expert, expérimenté, spécialiste exploit: exploiter exploits: exploite express: exprimer, exprimes, exprime, exprimons, exprimez, expriment, exprès, répandre, représenter, express, expresse external: externe, extérieur extinguish: éteindre, éteignent, éteignez, éteignons, éteins eye: oeil, oeillet, anneau, trou, chas fabulous: fabuleux faction: faction, parti factious: factieux fading: évanouissement,

décoloration, pâlissant, fading, fondu, décolorant, déteignant, fluctuation fainting: évanouissement, syncope, défaillance, défaillant faintness: malaise fair: foire, juste, kermesse, blond, marché, équitable, bazar, moral, beau, exposition, loyal faith: foi faithful: fidèle, loyal, honnête, droit fall: chute, tomber, tombes, tombe, tombez, tombons, tombent, baisse, choir, s'abaisser, s'amoindrir false: faux, perfide, feint falsehood: mensonge fame: renommée, gloire, réputation, célébrité familiar: familier famine: famine famous: célèbre, fameux, illustre, glorieux, renommé, réputé fancy: imaginer, fantaisie, songer, rêver éveillé, aimer fare: aller, se porter, prix du billet farewell: adieu fashion: mode, façon fast: rapide, vite, jeûner, rapidement, ferme, jeûne, prompt, carême fat: gras, gros, graisse, épais fatal: fatal, mortel fault: défaut, panne, faute, faille, erreur favor: faveur, grâce, service, complaisance, favoriser fawn: faon, fauve fear: peur, crainte, craindre, angoisse, redouter, appréhension, avoir peur fearful: effrayant, craintif, affreux fearing: craignant feast: fête, banqueter, festin feature: trait, caractéristique, fonction, caractéristiques, grand film feed: alimenter, alimente, alimentes, alimentent, alimentons, alimentez, nourrir, nourrissons, nourris, nourrissent, nourrissez feeds: alimente, nourrit feet: pieds feign: feindre, simuler feigned: feint fell: tombas, tombâtes, tomba, tombai, tombèrent, tombâmes, abattre, chus, chûtes, abattîtes, abattit fellow: individu, homme, camarade, ensemble, mâle fertile: fécond, fertile, fruitier few: peu, peu de fewest: peu de fickle: inconstant fickleness: inconstance

William Shakespeare field: champ, domaine, zone, trame, terrain, gisement fiend: démon fierce: féroce, violent fierceness: férocité fifth: cinquième, quinte fifty: cinquante fight: combattre, combat, batailler, lutte, luter, lutter fighting: combattant, combat fill: remplir, remplissage, compléter, charger, obturer, plomber, bourrer, emplir, remblai fills: bonde, remplit fine: amende, fin, excellent, beau, délicat, éminent, tendre, accompli, à merveille, contravention finger: doigt, tâter fingers: doigts finish: terminer, termines, termine, terminons, terminez, terminent, finir, finissent, finis, finissez, finissons fit: adapter, convenir, ajustement, ajuster, apoplexie, crise, en bonne santé fitter: ajusteur, installateur, essayeur fitting: convenable, ajustage, conforme, essayage, raccord, montage, adaptation, liquidation, posage, ferrure, raccord de tuyauterie flag: drapeau, pavillon, indicateur, étendard, fanion, dalle, banderole, cavalier flatter: flatter, flatte, flattons, flattez, flattes, flattent, aduler, adule, adules, adulent, adulez fled: fuîtes, fuit, fuis, fuirent, fuîmes, fui, échappâtes, échappé, échappas, échappâmes, échappai flesh: chair, pulpe flies: vole flight: vol, fuite, volée, essor fling: brandir, agiter, jeter, lancer flood: inondation, inonder, flot, combler, submerger, marée montante, marée haute, abreuver, noyer, crue, déluge flourish: prospérer, prospèrent, prospérons, prospères, prospérez, prospère flout: faire fi de, se moquer de flower: fleur, fleurir flowering: floraison flowing: coulant, écoulement, fluent fly: mouche, voler, volez, voles, volent, vole, volons, volant foe: ennemi foil: fleuret, feuille de métal, clinquant, feuille, feuille mince, déjouer, aile portante, feuillard,

racle d'égouttage folks: gens follow: suivre, suivent, suivons, suis, suivez, respecter, agir selon followers: suite, adhérents, parti folly: folie, sottise fond: tendre foolish: sot, idiot, stupide, abracadabrant, insensé foot: pied, patte, bordure, le pied footing: pied, semelle forbear: s'abstenir forbidden: interdit, défendu, interdite force: force, contraindre, obliger, imposer, forcer, violer, puissance, contrainte, faire accepter forced: forcé forces: force fore: avant foreign: étranger, extérieur foresee: prévoir, prévoyez, prévoient, prévoyons, prévois forfeiting: affacturage à forfait, forfaisant forged: forgé, contrefait forget: oublier, oublies, oublie, oublient, oublions, oubliez forgive: pardonner, pardonnes, pardonne, pardonnez, pardonnons, pardonnent, excuser, excusez, excusent, excuse, excusons forgot: oubliâtes, oublias, oubliai, oublièrent, oubliâmes, oublia forlorn: désespéré former: ancien, précédent forsake: abandonner, délaisser, abandonnent, abandonnons, abandonnes, abandonne, abandonnez, délaisse, délaissent, délaisses, délaissez forsaken: abandonné, délaissé forth: en avant forthwith: immédiatement fortress: forteresse, bastille fortunate: heureux, chanceux fortune: fortune, sort, destinée, destin forty: quarante foul: fétide, faute, engagé, salir fourth: quatrième, quart, quarte frame: cadre, trame, châssis, image, encadrer, carcasse, charpente, membrure, couple, bâti, cadrer france: France, la France frantic: frénétique fraud: fraude, escroquerie, tromperie, dol, imposture, filouterie freedom: liberté french: langue française frenchman: français fresh: frais fret: frette

139 fretting: usure de contact friend: ami, amie, copain, copine, camarade friendly: amical, aimable, gentil, affable, amène, amicalement friends: amis friendship: amitié, camaraderie fright: peur, effroi, anxiété, frayeur, terreur frivolous: frivole, vain, vaniteux front: front, devant, avant, face frown: froncement de sourcils fruit: fruit, fruits fruitful: fructueux, fruitier fruition: réalisation fully: entièrement, complètement, de façon pleine, de manière pleine, pleinement function: fonctionner, emploi, office, service funeral: enterrement, obsèques, funérailles, funéraire furious: furieux fury: fureur, furie future: avenir, futur gain: gain, gagner, bénéfice, profit, acquisition, avantage, remporter, gain de transmission gallery: galerie garden: jardin, jardiner, faire du jardinage garrison: garnison garter: jarretière, jarretelle gasp: halètement, haleter gate: porte, vanne, grille, barrière, portillon, portail, gâchette, doigt, berceau, entrée gather: rassembler, ramasser, recueillir, réunir, déduire, conclure, collectionner, assembler, fronce, amasser, récolter gaunt: désolé, désert, sombre, morne, maigre, angulaire, mince, maussade, décharné, mélancolique gentle: doux, gentil, suave, sucré gentleman: monsieur, gentilhomme gentlemen: messieurs gently: doucement, de manière douce, de façon douce, gentiment george: Georges ghost: fantôme, apparition, image fantôme, revenant, hématie dépigmentée, spectre giddy: étourdi girl: fille, jeune fille, gosse, la fille girls: filles girt: entretoise, entremise, embossé gives: donne, offre, aboule glad: joyeux, content, heureux glass: verre, vitre glassy: vitreux glimmer: luire, briller, faible lueur

140 gloomy: sombre, morne glorious: glorieux, fameux glory: gloire, renommée, réputation gloss: brillant, lustre, luisance gnaws: ronge god: dieu godly: pieux goes: va gold: or golden: doré, en or, d'or gone: allé, parti, allés goodly: de façon bonne, de manière bonne goodness: bonté goose: oie gorgeous: magnifique governor: gouverneur, directeur, régulateur grace: grâce, charme graces: Grâces gracious: gracieux grandfather: aïeul grant: subvention, allocation, allouer, concession, concéder grate: grille, râper, grincer, crisser grave: tombe, grave, sérieux gray: gris, gray greet: saluer, salues, salue, saluons, saluez, saluent, accueillir, accueillons, accueillez, accueilles, accueille grew: crûmes, crût, crûtes, grandîtes, grandit, grandis, grandîmes, crûs, grandirent, crûrent grief: peine, chagrin, désolation, abattement, douleur grieve: affliger, afflige, affliges, chagriner, affligeons, affligez, affligent, chagrines, chagrine, chagrinons, chagrinent grieves: afflige, chagrine, attriste grievous: douloureux, cruel grim: sinistre, macabre, menaçant grisly: désagréable, maussade, horrible groans: gémissements ground: sol, terre, terrain, fond, masse, échouer, motif growing: croissant, grandissant grown: crû, grandi grows: grandit, croît grudge: rancune guard: garde, protéger, garder, gardien, contrôleur, préserver, protecteur, dispositif de protection, arrière, chef de train, protection guarded: protégé, gardé guess: deviner, supposer, supposition guided: guidé guile: astuce guileful: astucieux guiltless: innocent

King Henry VI, Part I guilty: coupable gunner: artilleur, canonnier habit: habitude, coutume, usage, port hack: hacher, hachent, haches, hachez, hachons, hache, tailler, rainette hail: grêle, héler, grêler halcyon: alcyon hale: vigoureux hall: hall, salle, couloir, vestibule handle: poignée, manier, manche, anse, toucher, traiter, manipuler, tâter, manette, manivelle handled: emmanché, manièrent, maniâmes, manié, maniée, maniai, manipulé, mania hands: mains hang: pendre, suspendre, retomber, accrocher, faisander hanging: pendaison, suspension, suspendu, pendre, mise à la pente hapless: malchanceux happiness: bonheur, félicité happy: heureux, joyeux, content hard: dur, difficile, pénible hardly: à peine, péniblement, difficilement, lourdement, durement, de manière dure, de façon dure harm: nuire, préjudice, mal, tort, endommager harry: harceler harvest: récolte, récolter, moisson, recueillir, vendange haste: hâte haughty: hautain, arrogant hazard: risque, danger, hasard, aléa, péril, risquer, aventurer, oser, hasarder headlong: la tête la première heads: têtes hear: entendre, entendent, entends, entendez, entendons, ouïr, écouter, oient, ois, oyez, oyons heard: entendîmes, entendîtes, entendu, entendit, entendirent, entendis, ouï, ouïs hearing: entendant, audition, audience, ouïe, audition publique, oyant heart: coeur, le coeur hearts: coeurs hearty: cordial, chaleureux heat: chaleur, chauffer, ardeur, chaleurs, charge de fusion, rut heaven: ciel, paradis heavens: cieux heavy: lourd, fort heed: attention heedless: insouciant height: hauteur, altitude, taille heir: héritier, légataire

held: tenu hell: enfer hellish: infernal, diabolique hence: par conséquent, donc, d'où, c'est pourquoi henceforward: désormais herald: Héraut herd: troupeau, bande, troupe, collection, harde, ensemble, are hereafter: désormais, dorénavant, après l'entrée en vigueur de la présente loi, après hereof: de ceci hermit: ermite heroic: héroïque hid: cachas, cachâtes, cachèrent, cacha, cachai, cachâmes, masqua, masquèrent, masquâtes, masquas, masquâmes hide: peau, cacher, cachent, cachons, caches, cache, cachez, fourrure, s'abriter, dissimuler, pelage higher: plus haut highness: altesse hither: ici hives: urticaire hold: tenir, prise, maintien, cale, contenir, blocage, pause, tenue, retenir hollow: creux, cavité, caver holy: saint, sacré homage: hommage honor: honneur, honorer honorable: honorable honors: honore honour: honneur, honorer honourable: honorable honours: honneurs hope: espoir, espérer, espère, espèrent, espères, espérez, espérons, espérance, souhaiter, souhaitons, souhaitez hopes: espère, souhaite horn: corne, avertisseur, cornet, klaxon, trompe, cor, pavillon, pavillon acoustique horse: cheval, le cheval horses: chevaux hot: chaud hounds: jottereaux, capelage hour: heure hours: heures household: ménage houses: maisons hulk: ponton human: humain humble: humble, modeste humbly: humblement, de manière humble, de façon humble hundred: cent, centaine hunger: faim hungry: affamé

William Shakespeare hurl: lancer, jeter hurry: se dépêcher, hâte, presser, être urgent, se presser, se hâter, dépêcher hurt: blesser husbands: maris hypocrite: hypocrite idly: de manière inactive, de façon inactive ignoble: ignoble ignobly: de manière ignoble, de façon ignoble ignominious: ignominieux ignorant: ignorant ill: malade, malsain, mal imagine: imaginer, imagine, imagines, imaginent, imaginez, imaginons imagined: imaginas, imaginâtes, imaginé, imaginai, imaginâmes, imagina, imaginèrent immaculate: immaculé immodest: immodeste, impudique immortalized: immortalisèrent, immortalisa, immortalisai, immortalisâmes, immortalisas, immortalisâtes, Immortalisé impatient: impatient imperious: impérieux imperiously: de manière impérieuse, de façon impérieuse impious: impie implored: imploras, implorâtes, implorèrent, imploré, implora, implorai, implorâmes importing: importation incensed: courroucé incessant: incessant incline: incliner, pente, inclinaison, plan incliné, descenderie, pencher indeed: vraiment, certes, en vérité, réellement, si, d'abord, en réalité, en effet, en fait, effectivement, voire infamy: infamie inferior: inférieur inflaming: enflammant inform: informer, informes, informons, informez, informe, informent, renseigner, renseigne, renseignes, renseignez, renseignons informed: informas, informâtes, informai, informâmes, informa, informèrent, informé, renseignas, renseignâtes, renseignâmes, renseignèrent infused: infusèrent, infusâtes, infusas, infusâmes, infusa, infusai, infusé inheritance: héritage, succession ink: encre, encrer insinuating: insinuant insolence: insolence, effronterie

inspiration: inspiration, souffle inspired: inspiras, inspirâtes, inspira, inspirâmes, inspirèrent, inspirai, inspiré installed: installâtes, installas, installai, installâmes, installèrent, installa, installé instead: plutôt institute: institut, instituer instruct: instruire, instruisent, instruisons, instruis, instruisez, donner des instructions, enseigner instrument: instrument insulting: insultant intend: viser, visent, visons, visez, vise, vises, avoir pour but, projeter, projettent, projette, projetons intent: intention intercept: intercepter, interceptes, interceptez, interceptent, interceptons, intercepte, interception intercession: intercession intolerable: intolérable invention: invention invincible: invincible ire: courroux irks: ennuie iron: fer, fer à repasser, repasser isle: île issue: émission, éditer, émettre, livraison, parution, numéro, problème, question, proclamer issued: émis jack: cric, vérin, valet, jack, cochonnet jarring: battage jars: coulisse de battage jewel: bijou, joyau join: joindre, joignons, joignent, joignez, joins, unir, relier, reliez, relions, relies, relient joined: joignîtes, joignîmes, joignirent, joignis, joignit, joint, reliâtes, relias, reliâmes, reliai, relièrent joy: joie, allégresse joyful: joyeux, heureux judge: juge, juger julius: Jules keeper: conservateur, crochet, dragonne, arrêtoir, armature, passant, fondeur, rappel, sabot keeps: garde, élève, remplit kennel: chenil keys: clefs kills: tue kindly: complaisamment, de manière gentille, de façon gentille kindness: amabilité, bonté, gentillesse, aménité king: roi, dame kingdoms: royaumes kingly: royal

141 kinsman: parent kinsmen: parents kiss: baiser, embrasser, bise knee: genou, coude, le genou kneel: s'agenouiller knight: chevalier, cavalier knighthood: chevalerie knit: tricoter knock: frapper, coup, heurter, cogner, cognement, frappe knocks: frappe knot: noeud, nouer, bécasseau maubèche, larme, nodule, nœud lâche knowledge: connaissance, savoir knows: connaît, sait ladies: dames lady: dame, madame, demoiselle noble lag: décalage, retard, persistance laid: posèrent, posai, posa, posâmes, posas, posâtes, posé, vergé, pondu, pondit, pondis lands: cloison, atterrit langley: langley late: tard, tardif, en retard latest: dernier latter: dernier laugh: rire, rigoler lavish: prodigue, prodiguer, généreux lawful: légal, légitime, licite lawyer: avocat, défenseur, juriste, homme de loi, avocat conseil lay: poser, posez, poses, posent, posons, laïque, pose, coucher, pondre, commettage, pondent lead: plomb, conduire, mener, mène, menons, menez, mènes, conduisons, mènent, conduisent, conduisez leaden: de plomb, plombé leader: guide, animateur, leader, conseiller, chef, commandant, dirigeant, amorce, meneur league: ligue, lieue lean: maigre, appuyer, accoter, mince, s'adosser, s'accoter, adosser leap: saut, sauter least: moindre, le moins leave: partir, partent, partons, pars, partez, abandonner, laisser, permission, quitter, congé, délaisser leaving: partant, départ, partir led: menâmes, conduisîtes, conduisit, conduisis, conduit, conduisirent, conduisîmes, menèrent, menas, menâtes, mena leg: jambe, patte, cuisse, branche, pied, gigot, montant legate: légat legs: jambes leisure: loisir

142 lend: prêter, prête, prêtes, prêtez, prêtent, prêtons, emprunter, empruntes, empruntez, empruntons, empruntent lets: laisse letter: lettre letters: lettres lewd: lascif, lubrique liberal: libéral liberty: liberté lie: mentir, mensonge, être couché, gésir liege: lige lies: git, ment lieutenant: lieutenant lift: ascenseur, lever, soulever, élever, portance, se soulever, sustentation light: léger, clair, lumière, allumer, feu, faible, enflammer, lumineux, lampe, rayonnement visible lightens: allège, éclaircit likewise: de même, aussi, pareillement, également liking: affection, penchant limbs: membres lineal: direct, linéal, linéaire lingering: traînant, prolongé lion: lion lips: les lèvres, lèvres listen: écouter, écoutes, écoute, écoutons, écoutez, écoutent litter: litière, détritus, portée, civière live: vivre, vivez, vivent, vivons, vis, habiter, demeurer, habite, habitent, habites, habitons lived: vécut, vécurent, vécûmes, vécus, vécu, habita, habitai, habitâmes, habitas, habitâtes, habitèrent lives: vit, habite, loge living: vivant, habitant, logeant, en vie, bénéfice loath: peu disposé loathsome: détestable, répugnant lock: écluse, serrure, verrou, fermer, verrouiller, fermer à clé, écluse à sas locks: abats lofty: haut, élevé looks: regarde lop: clapotis, taille, taillent, tailles, taillez, taillons, ébrancher, tailler lord: seigneur, monsieur lordly: seigneurial lordship: seigneurie lose: perdre, perds, perdez, perdent, perdons loss: perte, préjudice, déperdition, affaiblissement, sinistre, déchet, atténuation lost: perdîtes, perdîmes, perdirent, perdit, perdis, perdu, perdus, non vu

King Henry VI, Part I loud: fort, bruyant, haut, sonore, criard lovely: charmant, agréable, ravissant, délicieux, beau, mignon, cher, gentil, magnifique, splendide, superbe loving: amoureux, aimant lowliness: humilité lowly: de manière bas, de façon bas, modeste loyal: loyal, dévoué, droit, honnête, fidèle loyalty: loyauté, fidélité, loyalisme lucre: fric lump: masse, bloc, morceau, boule, motte, pièce, grumeau, gros morceau, fragment, bosse, pan lustful: luxurieux lute: luth, lut, luter mad: fou, agité, aberrant, enragé madness: folie, aliénation, aberration, affolement magic: magie, magique maid: femme de chambre, servante, domestique, bonne maiden: vierge, brin maintain: maintenir, maintenez, maintiens, maintenons, maintiennent, conserver, conservent, conservons, conserve, conserves, conservez majesty: majesté, seigneurie makes: fait, rend malady: maladie malice: malice, méchanceté, malveillance malignant: malin managed: administra, administrèrent, administré, administrâtes, administras, administrai, administrâmes, géra, dirigea, gérèrent, gérâtes manifest: manifeste, manifester, évident manner: manière, façon mannerly: courtois manners: moeurs mantle: manteau, pèlerine marching: marcher mark: marque, marquer, estampiller, cachet, signe, mark, note, signal, témoignage, repère, tracer marriage: mariage married: marié, se marièrent, vous mariâtes, te marias, me mariai, nous mariâmes, se maria, se marié, mariée, mariés, épousas marry: marier, te maries, vous mariez, nous marions, me marie, mariez-vous, se marient, épouser, se marier, épouses, épouse marshal: maréchal martial: martial

marvel: merveille, s'étonner masculine: masculin, mâle master: maître, patron, apprendre à fond, capitaine, maestro, principal, maîtriser masters: masters match: allumette, apparier, match, s'entremettre, assortir, égal, partie, rencontre mate: s'accoupler, compagnon, accoupler, camarade matter: matière, substance, affaire, cas, chose, question mayor: maire, bourgmestre meaning: signification, sens, intention, importance, dessein, propos meditating: méditant, songeant meet: rencontrer, rencontrez, rencontrons, rencontres, rencontrent, rencontre, réunir, se réunir meets: rencontre member: membre, adhérent, affilié, partisan memory: mémoire, souvenir merchant: négociant, marchand, commerçant mercy: pitié, compassion, miséricorde mere: pur, seul, simple merriest: le plus joyeux message: message, renseignement messenger: messager, coursier, messagère messengers: messagers met: rencontrai, rencontrâmes, rencontras, rencontrâtes, rencontrèrent, rencontra, rencontré method: méthode, modalité mice: souris michael: Michel middle: milieu, intermédiaire, moyen, centre, central midst: milieu, millieux mightiest: le plus puissant mighty: puissant mine: mine, mienne mingled: mélangea, mêlèrent, mêlâtes, mêlas, mélangèrent, mélangeâtes, mélangeas, mélangeai, mêlâmes, mêlai, mêla minute: minute miracle: miracle mirror: miroir, glace, miroir hertzien, rétroviseur mirth: gaieté misbegotten: illégitime miscarry: avorter, avortez, avortons, avortent, avorte, avortes, échouer mischief: malice miser: avare miseries: misères

William Shakespeare misery: misère, tristesse mitigate: adoucir, atténuer, mitiger moan: gémir, gémissement, geindre modestly: modestement, de manière modeste, de façon modeste modesty: modestie, pudeur moist: humide, frais, mouillé monarch: monarque monstrous: monstrueux month: mois morn: matin morrow: lendemain motion: mouvement, motion, résolution, marche, requête mount: monter, support, mont, adapter, montage, monture mountain: montagne, mont mourn: regretter, regrettes, regrettez, regrettent, regrette, regrettons mournful: sombre, morne, triste, mélancolique mouth: bouche, embouchure, bec, gueule, ouverture, goulot, entrée moved: ému moving: émouvant, attendrissant, déménagement, en mouvement, mobile multitude: multitude, amas, foule, tas, masse murder: assassiner, meurtre, assassinat, rectifier, crime de meurtre muse: muse music: musique mutiny: mutinerie, révolte, se mutiner, se révolter, sédition myself: me naked: nu, dénudé named: nommé naples: Naples nation: nation, peuple nativity: naissance, nativité natural: naturel nature: nature, caractère nay: non near: près, proche, près de, auprès, prochaine, à needful: nécessaire neglected: négligé negligent: négligent, distrait, étourdi neither: ni, personne, non plus, nul nephew: neveu news: nouvelles, actualités, informations, nouvelle nice: agréable, bon, aimable, gentil, joli, succulent, savoureux nine: neuf nobility: noblesse noble: noble, élevé noise: bruit, bruit de fond, tapage, souffle noisome: nuisible, répugnant

none: aucun, personne, nul nor: ni note: note, noter, billet, nota, remarque, ticket, mention notice: avis, remarquer, apercevoir, discerner, préavis, remarque, écriteau, observation, notification, percevoir, placard notorious: notoire, mal famé obedience: obéissance, soumission obedient: obéissant, docile object: objet, chose obscure: obscur, obscurcir obstinate: obstiné, têtu, tenace, entêté obtain: obtenir, obtiennent, obtiens, obtenons, obtenez, acquérir, procurer occasion: occasion, lieu, fois odd: bizarre, impair, étrange, singulier, drôle offence: délit, infraction, offense, agacement offended: offensai, offensèrent, offensâtes, offensa, offensas, offensâmes, offensé, insulté, insultâtes, insultas, insultâmes offender: offenseur, contrevenant offense: délit, offense offer: offre, offrir, proposition, proposer, présenter, sacrifier, consacrer, faire offrande offers: offrit officer: officier, fonctionnaire officers: dirigeants, officiers oil: huile, pétrole, graisser ominous: inquiétant opinion: avis, opinion, vœu opinions: avis opportunity: occasion, opportunité oppression: abus d'autorité, oppression orator: orateur ordnance: pièce d'artillerie orleans: Orléans ornament: ornement, orner, décorer, parure, parer, ornament otherwise: sinon, autrement ought: devoir, doit, dois, devez, devons, doivent ours: nôtre ourselves: nous outlaw: proscrit outrageous: scandaleux outward: vers l'extérieur, sortie overcame: vainquîmes, vainquirent, vainquis, vainquit, vainquîtes overcomes: vainc overrun: dépassement, surcharge, dépassement de capacité, foisonnement, envahir overthrow: renverser, renverse, renversent, renverses, renversez,

143 renversons, abattre, abattage, faire tomber owe: devoir, devons, doivent, dois, devez, avoir une dette owl: hibou, chouette, effraie oxen: boeufs packing: garniture, empaquetage, remplissage, colisage, joint, bourrage, garnissage paid: payâtes, payas, payèrent, paya, payai, payâmes, payé pain: douleur, mal, peine, peiner paint: peinture, peindre, couleur, dépeindre pair: paire, couple, apparier palace: palais palaces: palais pale: pâle, blême paleness: pâleur paltry: misérable paramour: amant parching: desséchant pardon: pardon, pardonner, excuser, grâce parentage: naissance paris: paris, Paname, Panam parish: paroisse parley: pourparlers parliament: parlement parting: séparation, raie partner: associé, partenaire partners: partenaires parts: parties pass: passer, passe, col, dépasser, doubler, donner, passage, permission, abonnement, passez, s'écouler passage: passage, couloir, corridor, traversée, canal passing: passant, dépassement, écoulement, passage passion: passion, ardeur passions: passions patience: patience patient: patient, malade patronage: clientèle, patronage pattern: patron, modèle, schéma, motif, pattern, forme, configuration, dessin pause: pause, repos, trêve peace: paix, tranquillité peaceful: paisible, pacifique peacock: paon peal: tinter, sonner peasant: paysan pebble: galet peer: pair peevish: maussade, grincheux pelt: peau, fourrure pen: plume, stylo, enclos perceive: apercevoir, apercevons, apercevez, aperçoivent, aperçois,

144 percevoir, discerner, percevez, perçoivent, percevons, perçois perceived: aperçu, aperçus, aperçûtes, aperçûmes, aperçurent, aperçut, perçut, perçus, perçurent, perçûtes, perçûmes perfect: parfait, achevé, accompli perforce: forcément perish: périr, périssons, périssez, périssent, péris, s'abîmer pernicious: pernicieux perplexed: embarrassa, embarrassai, embarrassâmes, embarrassas, embarrassâtes, embarrassèrent, perplexe, embarrassé persons: personnes persuade: persuader, persuades, persuade, persuadons, persuadent, persuadez, convaincre, inspirer peruse: lisons, lisez, lis, lisent, lire perused: lûtes, lûmes, lurent, lus, lut, lu perverse: pervers petition: pétition, supplique, requête petty: petit, mesquin phoenix: Phénix picardy: Picardie picture: image, figure, tableau, photo piece: pièce, morceau, fragment, pan, part, contingent, partie pieces: morceaux piercing: perçant pillage: piller, rapiner pitch: tangage, hauteur tonale, pas, tonie, poix, écartement, inclinaison, espacement, ton, longueur, brai pitched: abattu pitchy: poisseux piteous: piteux, pitoyable pitiful: pitoyable, pauvre, misérable, malheureux, lamentable pity: pitié, plaindre, compassion, compatir, apitoiement, avoir pitié, mal, s'apitoyer placed: placé plague: peste, fléau plain: plaine, clair, uni, ordinaire, net, limpide, évident plainness: simplicité, manque de beauté planets: planètes plant: plante, végétal, planter, usine, installation platforms: plateformes play: jouer, joues, jouez, jouent, jouons, joue, jeu, pièce de théâtre, pièce, représenter, jouer de plays: joue plead: plaider, plaides, plaidez, plaident, plaide, plaidons, implorer please: plaire, s'il vous plaît, contenter, s'il vous plait, faire

King Henry VI, Part I plaisir, s'il te plaît, satisfaire pleases: plaît, plait pleasure: plaisir, jouissance pledge: gage, nantissement, promettre, engagement plot: intrigue, parcelle, tracer, comploter, conspiration, tracé, terrain, complot, position visualisée plotted: tracé pluck: cueillir, ramasser, plumer, courage, fressure plumes: aigrettes pockets: empoche, cases, poches polluted: polluas, polluâtes, polluèrent, pollua, polluai, polluâmes, pollué pomp: pompe, splendeur poor: pauvre, mauvais, misérable, maigre, méchant, malheureux, mal, faible, médiocre pope: pape, perche goujonnière porridge: bouillie, porridge porter: porteur, bagagiste, portier, concierge, porter portion: partie, portion, part possibility: possibilité post: poste, poteau, pieu, emploi, afficher, fonction, courrier, coller, office, agglutiner, place powerful: puissant powers: pouvoirs practice: pratique, exercice, pratiquer, appliquer, clientèle, usage, cabinet practices: pratique praise: louange, glorifier, éloge, louer, louanger prattle: jacasserie pray: prier, prie, pries, prions, priez, prient prayers: prières preceding: précédant, précédent, avançant precious: précieux, rare preciseness: précision preface: introduction, préface, préfacer prefer: préférer, préfères, préférez, préfèrent, préférons, préfère, aimer mieux prejudice: préjugé, préjudice prelate: prélat premeditated: prémédité prepared: préparâtes, prépara, préparai, préparas, préparèrent, préparâmes, préparé, apprêtas, apprêtâtes, apprêté, apprêtâmes presage: augure, présage presence: présence present: cadeau, présent, présenter, actuel, offrir, don presented: présenté presently: actuellement

preserved: conservé presume: présumer, présume, présumes, présumez, présumons, présument, supposer presumption: présomption, supposition presumptuous: présomptueux pretend: feindre, feins, feignons, feignent, feignez, prétexter, prétendre, prétextons, prétexte, prétextent, prétextes prevail: prévaloir, prévaloyez, prévaux, prévalent, prévalons, prévalez, prévalois prey: proie pride: fierté, orgueil priest: prêtre, curé, abbé prince: prince princely: princier princess: princesse prison: prison prisoner: prisonnier, détenu prisoners: prisonniers private: privé privilege: privilège, privilégier privileged: privilégié prize: prix, récompense proceed: procéder, procèdes, procède, procèdent, procédez, procédons, avancer, avancent, avances, avancez, avançons proceeding: procédant, avançant procession: procession, cortège proclaim: proclamer, proclames, proclame, proclamons, proclamez, proclament procure: procurer, procure, procures, procurons, procurez, procurent, se procurer produced: produisîmes, produisîtes, produisirent, produisis, produisit, produit profession: profession proffer: offrir, présenter progeny: descendants, progéniture promise: promettre, promets, promettent, promettez, promettons, assurer promised: promîtes, promîmes, promit, promirent, promis promises: promet proof: preuve, épreuve, témoignage, démonstration proper: convenable, propre, exact, juste, adéquat, approprié prophecy: prophétie prophesy: prédire, prédisent, prédis, prédisons, prédisez, augurer, augure, augurons, augures, augurent, augurez prophet: prophète prophetess: prophétesse

William Shakespeare proportion: proportion, proportionner prosper: prospérer, prospères, prospèrent, prospérez, prospérons, prospère prosperous: prospère prostrate: prosterné protect: protéger, protèges, protègent, protégons, protège, protégez, abriter, préserver, garantir, sauvegarder, assurer protector: protecteur protest: protestation, protester, contestation protract: prolonger proud: fier, altier, orgueilleux proudly: fièrement, de manière fire, de façon fire prove: prouver, prouve, prouves, prouvez, prouvons, prouvent, démontrer proved: prouvas, prouvâtes, prouvèrent, prouva, prouvai, prouvâmes provender: fourrage provoke: provoquer, provoque, provoques, provoquons, provoquez, provoquent, irriter, agacer provoked: provoquâtes, provoquas, provoquai, provoqua, provoqué, provoquâmes, provoquèrent pull: tirer, tire, tirons, tires, tirent, tirez, traction, tirage, traîner puny: chétif pure: pur, blanc, propre purpose: but, dessein, objet, intention purses: bourses pursuit: poursuite quagmire: bourbier quaint: curieux, intéressant, singulier, étrange quake: trembler, tremblement, tremblement de terre quarrel: querelle, dispute, se quereller, se disputer, noise quarter: quartier, quart, trimestre, le quart quartering: inquartation, casernement, quartage quarters: quartiers queen: reine, dame quell: étouffer, étouffe, étouffent, étouffes, étouffez, étouffons, suffoquer quick: rapide, prompt, vite quickly: rapidement, vite, de manière rapide, de façon rapide quid: chique quiet: calme, tranquille, paisible, quiet, abattre, silencieux, rassurer, repos quietly: paisiblement,

tranquillement, de manière calme, de façon calme, calmement quietness: calme, repos, tranquillité quittance: quittance rage: fureur, rage, furie, tempêter, rager raging: déchaîné, déchaînement, furieux, furibond, rage railing: rampe, balustrade rain: pluie, pleuvoir, la pluie raise: lever, élever, soulever, entonner, éduquer, augmenter, hausse, relever, dresser, ériger, arborer rancorous: rancunier random: aléatoire, accidentel, au hasard, hasard ransom: rançon rare: rare, saignant rashly: de manière éruptive, de façon éruptive ravenous: vorace ravish: ravis, ravissent, ravissez, ravissons, ravir rays: rayons readiness: disponibilité, empressement reads: lit ready: prêt, disponible realm: règne, royaume, puissance, domaine reason: raison, cause, motif, raisonner reasons: raisonne rebellious: rebelle, révolté receive: recevoir, reçois, recevez, recevons, reçoivent, accueillir, admettre, accueille, accueillent, accueilles, accueillez recompense: récompense recover: récupérer, récupère, récupères, récupérez, récupérons, récupèrent, recouvrer, recouvre, recouvres, recouvrez, recouvrons red: rouge redeem: racheter, rachètes, rachète, rachetons, rachetez, rachètent, rembourser redress: réparation reflex: réflexe refuge: refuge, abri, retraite regal: royal regard: considérer, considérez, considérons, considères, considèrent, considère, estime, regarder, contempler, égard, regard regards: considère regent: régent regions: régions rehearse: répéter, répètent, répétons, répète, répétez, répètes reign: règne, commandement, gouvernement, tenue

145 relent: s'adoucir relieve: soulager, soulagez, soulages, soulageons, soulagent, soulage, relayer relieving: soulageant religion: religion religious: religieux remains: reste, restes remedy: remède, moyen, ressource, assainir, guérir remember: se rappeler, se souvenir, rappeler, retenir, rappelle, retiens, retiennent, rappelles, retenez, retenons, rappelons remiss: négligent remorse: remords removing: supprimant, ôtant, enlevant rend: déchirer renew: renouveler, renouvellent, renouvelle, renouvelles, renouvelons, renouvelez, reconduire, reconduisez, reconduisent, reconduis, reconduisons renounce: renoncer, renonce, renonces, renoncez, renonçons, renoncent, abandonner, abjurer, résigner, renier renown: renommée, distinction, réputation, gloire, renom renowned: renommé repair: réparation, réparer, dépanner, refaire, restaurer, dépannage, réformer, réfection, remédier, restauration, remettre en état replete: rassasié, rempli reports: rapporte represent: représenter, représentes, représentez, représentent, représentons, représente, figurer represented: représentas, représentâtes, représentai, représenta, représentèrent, représentâmes, représenté reproach: reproche, reprocher, réprimander, gronder, sermonner, reprendre rescue: sauver, sauvetage, secours, délivrance rescued: rescapé resident: résident, habitant, interne, pensionnaire, résidant resolute: résolu resolve: résoudre, décider, résolution resolved: résolu respite: répit, sursis rest: repos, se reposer, reste, débris, reposer, appui, trêve, pause, support rested: reposé restored: restaurai, restaurèrent, restaurâtes, restaurâmes, restaura,

146 restauras, restauré, rétablîtes, rétabli, rétablîmes, rétablirent rests: repose retire: se retirer, retirer, retire, retires, retirent, retirons, retirez retiring: retirant, sortant retreat: retraite, se retirer, décéder, recul, refuge return: retour, revenir, rentrée, retourner, revenu, renvoyer, rendre, rente, rentabilité, déclaration, rendement reveal: révéler, révèle, révèles, révèlent, révélons, révélez, développer, publier, déceler, jouée revenge: revanche, vengeance, venger reverent: révérend, respectueux reverently: de manière respectueuse, de façon respectueuse revive: ranimer, ranime, ranimes, raniment, ranimez, ranimons, réanimer, raviver revolt: révolte, se révolter revolted: révolté revolting: révoltant revolve: tourner, tournes, tournez, tourne, tournons, tournent, ruminer rid: débarrasser, débarrassâmes, débarrassez, débarrasses, débarrassèrent, débarrassent, débarrassé, débarrasse, débarrassas, débarrassons, débarrassai riddling: criblage righteous: juste, moral, vertueux rightful: légitime rigor: rigueur rigorously: rigoureusement, de manière rigoureuse, de façon rigoureuse ring: anneau, bague, tinter, sonner, couronne, cercle, cerne, rondelle, cycle, frette, son rise: monter, lever, surgir, augmenter, hausse, se lever, sursauter, montée, se soulever, élévation, augmentation rive: aineter roar: gronder, mugir, rugir roaring: rugissant roof: toit, voûte root: racine, enraciner, origine, s'enraciner rope: corde, cordage, filin rose: rose rot: pourrir, pourrissent, pourrissez, pourris, pourrissons, pourriture rough: brut, grossier, cru, rugueux, rude, maussade, rustique, râpeux, rêche rout: creuser les blancs d'un cliché, débâcle, déroute, détourer, fraiser,

King Henry VI, Part I mettre en déroute royal: royal rude: grossier, impoli, mal élevé rue: rue ruin: ruine, ruiner, abîmer, abaisser, ravager rule: règle, gouverner, régner, règne, commandement, gouvernement, surveiller, tenue, régler, filet ruled: hachuré ruler: règle, dominateur, souverain rules: règlement, règles ruminate: ruminer, rumine, ruminons, ruminez, ruminent, rumines rumor: renommée, réputation, rumeur rung: échelon, marche, barreau rush: jonc, ruée, se dépêcher, congestion, afflux, épreuve, afflux de sang, urgent, précipiter, hâte ruthless: impitoyable sack: sac, renvoyer, licencier, suspendre sacred: sacré, saint sad: triste, affligé, désolé, peiné, maussade, sombre safe: sûr, en sûreté, à l'abri, sauf, sans danger safely: de manière sûre, de façon sûre safety: sécurité, sûreté saint: saint sake: saké salt: sel, saler, le sel sandy: sableux, sablonneux sanguine: sanguin satisfaction: satisfaction, contentement saucy: impertinent save: épargner, épargne, épargnes, épargnent, épargnez, épargnons, sauver, économiser, sauve, sauves, sauvons saved: épargnâtes, épargnas, épargnâmes, épargnèrent, épargné, épargnai, épargna, sauvâtes, sauvas, sauvâmes, sauvèrent scabbard: fourreau scale: échelle, écaille, balance, gamme, bascule, escalader, squame, tartre, monter, écailler, calamine scales: balance scandal: scandale, agacement scarce: insuffisant, rare scarecrow: épouvantail scared: effrayé scarlet: écarlate scene: scène, lieu scepter: sceptre scorn: dédain, mépriser, mépris scots: écossais scourge: fléau, plaie, fouet

scout: éclaireur, reconnaissance scroll: faire défiler, défilement, volute, défiler, spirale scruple: scrupule sea: mer, marin secret: secret, arcane secure: fixer, fixe, fixent, fixes, fixez, fixons, sûr, attacher, en sûreté, à l'abri, obtenir sedition: sédition seeing: voyant, sciant seek: chercher, cherches, cherche, cherchent, cherchez, cherchons, railler, raille, raillons, raillez, raillent seeks: cherche, raille seem: sembler, semblez, semblons, semblent, semble, sembles, paraître, paraissez, paraissons, paraissent, parais sees: voit, scie sell: vendre, vendons, vendez, vendent, vends, écouler, brader semblance: apparence, semblant send: envoyer, envoies, envoie, envoyons, envoient, envoyez, adresser, adresse, adressent, adresses, adressez sending: envoyant, adressant, envoi sent: envoyas, envoyâtes, envoyâmes, envoyèrent, envoya, envoyai, envoyé, adressas, adressâtes, adressé, adressai sequestration: séquestration, séquestre, mise sous séquestre sergeant: sergent servant: serviteur, domestique, servante serve: servir, servons, servent, sers, servez, desservir, service, être de service, desservent, desservez, desservons serves: sert, dessert servile: aplaventriste, servile settled: réglâmes, régla, réglas, réglèrent, réglai, réglâtes, réglé seven: sept severally: individuellement ad severe: sévère, austère, grave, difficile, dur, rigoureux severity: sévérité, austérité, rigueur, gravité shade: ombre, nuance, teinte, ombrage, ombrager, nuancer, ombrer shadow: ombre, prendre en filature shake: secouer, secoue, secouons, secouez, secoues, secouent, ébranler, ébranlez, ébranles, ébranlent, ébranle shallow: peu profond, superficiel shame: honte, pouah, vergogne shamefully: de manière honteuse, de

William Shakespeare façon honteuse shameless: effronté, éhonté, impudent shape: forme, former, façonner, modeler, profil sharp: aigu, acéré, coupant, tranchant, perçant, piquant, précisément, dièse, âcre, à l'heure, justement shed: hangar, verser, abri, versai, versas, versâmes, versa, versons, versez, verses, versèrent sheep: mouton shepherd: berger, pasteur, pâtre, soigner shift: décalage, équipe, déplacer, changement, poste, décaler, changer shine: briller, luire, être lumineux, éclat, lustre, reluire shining: luisant, brillant shipping: expédiant, expédition, embarquement ships: expédie shipwreck: naufrage, épave shirts: chemises shoot: tirer, tires, tire, tirent, tirez, tirons, pousse, glissière short: court shortened: raccourcîtes, raccourcirent, raccourcîmes, raccourcis, raccourcit, raccourci shortly: prochainement, de façon courte, de manière courte, bientôt shot: tirâtes, tiras, tirèrent, tirâmes, tira, tirai, tiré, coup, tir, grenaille, tirées shouldering: épaulement shoulders: épaules shows: montre, manifeste, marque, dénote shrewd: sagace, avisé, perspicace shrink: rétrécir, se ratatiner, se racornir shrinking: rétrécissant shut: fermer, arrêter, fermé sick: malade, malsain sickness: maladie siege: siège sight: vue, spectacle, visée, air, apparence, allure, aspect, apercevoir, mire sign: signe, signer, signal, écriteau, augure, panneau, preuve, enseigne, témoignage, indication, panneau de signalisation signal: signal, signaler, signe signs: signes, signe silence: silence, repos silly: idiot, stupide, bête simple: simple, pur sing: chanter, chante, chantes, chantent, chantez, chantons

single: célibataire, unique, simple, seul, individuel, individuelle sir: monsieur sire: père, engendrer sister: soeur sit: couver, être assis, asseoir, couve, couvent, couves, couvez, couvons, s'asseyent, vous asseyez, m'assieds sixth: sixième skill: habileté, compétence, adresse skirmish: escarmouche, accrochage skirmishes: escarmouches slack: mou, lâche slain: tué slaughter: abattre, abattage, massacre, tuerie, carnage slaughterer: abatteur de bestiaux, abatteur, tueur slaughtering: abattage slave: esclave, asservir slay: tuer, tuons, tuez, tue, tuent, tues, abattre, rectifier sleep: sommeil, dormir, dors, dormons, dormez, dorment, pioncer sleeping: dormant slight: léger, affront, insignifiant sloth: paresse, paresseux slothful: paresseux smallest: le plus petit smile: sourire smoke: fumée, fumer, fumes, fume, fument, fumez, fumons smoothed: bords lisses smother: étouffer softly: doucement, de manière douce, de façon douce soil: sol, terre, souiller, salir, barbouiller sold: vendîtes, vendirent, vendîmes, vendu, vendis, vendit, bradées soldier: soldat, militaire solemn: solennel solemnized: solennisai, solennisèrent, solennisé, solennisâtes, solennisâmes, solennisa, solennisas sometime: un jour, jadis son: fils sons: fils soon: bientôt, tout à l'heure sorceress: sorcière sorcery: sortilège, sorcellerie, charme, enchantement sorrow: abattement, chagrin sorry: désolé sought: cherchâtes, cherchas, cherchâmes, cherchèrent, cherché, cherchai, chercha, raillèrent, raillé, raillâtes, railla soul: âme sound: son, sonner, résonner, bruit, sain, sonder, détroit, vibration

147 acoustique, oscillation acoustique, solide, sonde sounded: sonna, sonnâmes, sonnés, sonnèrent, sonnées, sonné sounds: sonne, sons sovereign: souverain spacious: spacieux, ample, étendu, large spare: épargner, économiser, être indulgent, rechange, pièce de rechange sparkling: étincelant, brillant, mousseux, pétillant speak: parler, parles, parlons, parle, parlez, parlent speaker: orateur, conférencier, locuteur, intervenant, enceinte speaking: parlant, parler speaks: parle spear: lance, javelot spectacle: spectacle speech: discours, parole, langage, allocution, élocution speed: vitesse, rapidité, allure, hâte speedy: prompt, rapide, prochain spelling: orthographe spells: épelle spend: dépenser, dépenses, dépense, dépensent, dépensez, dépensons, passer, passent, passes, passez, passons spent: dépensé, dépensas, dépensâtes, dépensâmes, dépensa, dépensai, dépensèrent, passa, passai, passâmes, passas spill: renverser, déversement, fuite spirit: esprit, vigueur spirits: spiritueux spiritual: spirituel spite: rancune, dépit spleen: rate spots: poivrage spread: enduire, étaler, étendre, dispersion, écart, diffusion, propagation, se propager, tartiner, se répandre spreading: diffusion, épandage, enduction, enduisage spring: ressort, source, fontaine, sauter, émaner, mouillère, sortir de springs: sources, tortillons spurn: repousser avec mépris, rejeter avec mépris, repousser spy: espion, épier spying: espionnage squire: chaperonner, châtelain stain: tache, salir, souiller, tacher, colorant, teinture, teinter stained: taché, souillé stake: pieu, poteau, échalas, jalon, piquet, perche stakes: prix stake

148 stamp: timbre, estampiller, timbrer, cachet, poinçon, estampille, tampon, estamper, empreinte, tamponner, marque stand: stand, être debout, échoppe, kiosque, support, pied, peuplement, position, socle, surgir, se dresser standard: norme, standard, étendard, écoperche, étalon, critère, drapeau, pavillon, courant stands: tribune star: étoile, vedette, star, astral starve: affamer, affame, affames, affament, affamez, affamons, mourir de faim stately: imposant states: états statue: statue stay: séjour, rester, restons, restent, restes, restez, reste, étai, hauban, demeurer, séjourner steel: acier, aciérer stem: tige, tronc, queue, étrave, fût, racine, jambe, pied, radical stern: poupe, arrière, sévère stink: puanteur, puer, empester stir: remuer, émouvoir, affecter, battre, vigueur, faire tournoyer, agitation, agiter, bouger stones: pierres stoop: s'incliner, pencher stop: arrêter, arrêtez, arrête, arrêtes, arrêtent, arrêtons, arrêt, cesser, cessent, cessez, cessons stops: arrête, cesse, stoppe, interrompt stout: corpulent, fort, gros, stout straight: droit, direct, directement, tout droit, franc, ligne droite, honnête, rectiligne straining: filtrage strange: étrange, singulier, drôle, étranger, bizarre streams: filières strength: force, puissance, résistance mécanique strict: sévère, austère, strict, rigoureux strife: conflit strike: grève, frapper, heurter, toucher, forer, battre, saisir, rencontrer, s'allumer, atteindre, parvenir striking: frappant stroke: caresser, coup, caresse, course, trait, apoplexie, rayure, raie strong: fort, puissant, vigoureux, solide, robuste struck: frappé stubbornly: de manière têtue, de façon têtue studious: studieux

King Henry VI, Part I studiously: de manière studieuse, de façon studieuse style: style, mode subject: sujet, thème, composition, objet submission: soumission, dépôt submissive: soumis, docile submit: soumettre, soumettons, soumets, soumettez, soumettent, abdiquer, se soumettre subscribe: s'abonner, souscrire, souscrivent, souscris, souscrivons, souscrivez substance: substance, fond suburbs: banlieues subverts: mine, sape success: succès, prospérité, aboutissement, gain, réussite succor: secours, secourir succour: soulager, secourir sucking: succion sudden: subit, soudain suddenly: soudainement, tout à coup, subitement, soudain, de manière subite, de façon subite, brusquement sue: actionner suffer: souffrir, souffre, souffrons, souffrent, souffres, souffrez, endurer, subir, subissez, subissent, subis sufficient: suffisant suit: costume, complet, convenir, procès, couleur sum: somme, montant, addition summer: été, estival sumptuous: somptueux sun: soleil, ensoleillé superficial: superficiel superscription: inscription, suscription suppose: supposer, suppose, supposes, supposons, supposent, supposez supposed: supposâtes, supposas, supposâmes, supposa, supposèrent, supposai, supposé, supposés, prétendu suppress: étouffer, étouffez, étouffons, étouffe, étouffent, étouffes, réprimer, réprimez, réprimes, réprime, réprimons supreme: suprême sure: sûr, certain, assuré surgeon: chirurgien surprised: surpris survey: enquête, étude, levé, inspection, sondage, arpenter, campagne d'évaluation survive: survivre, survivez, survis, survivent, survivons swan: cygne

sway: vaciller, balancement, oscillation, osciller, se balancer swear: jurer, jures, jure, jurez, jurons, jurent, blasphémer, prêter serment sweat: sueur, suer, transpirer, transpiration, suinter sweep: balayer, balayage, courbure, draguer sweet: doux, sucré, bonbon, suave, friandise, gentil, dessert sweetly: doucement, de manière douce, de façon douce swelling: gonflement, enflure, tuméfaction, foisonnement, grosseur, renflement swift: rapide, prompt, martinet noir, martinet swiftly: rapidement, vite, de manière rapide, de façon rapide sword: épée, sabre, glaive taint: infection, entacher tainted: corrompu takes: prend talbot: zones de Talbot tale: conte, récit, relation talk: parler, parles, parle, parlez, parlent, parlons, causerie, discuter, discours, entretien talks: parle tangle: chaos, imbroglio, enchevêtrement task: tâche, devoir taste: goût, goûter, saveur, déguster tasted: goûté taunt: sarcasme tavern: taverne tawny: fauve tear: déchirer, larme, pleur, déchirure tears: larmes tedious: ennuyeux, fastidieux teeth: dents, denture tempestuous: orageux, passionné temple: temple, tempe tempt: tenter, tentes, tentent, tentons, tentez, tente, séduire tender: offre, tendre, adjudication, doux, tender, annexe, offrir, présenter, proposition, gentil, suave tenth: dixième term: terme, durée, échéance terms: conditions, condition, termes terrible: terrible, affreux terror: terreur, effroi thanks: remercie, merci, remerciement thee: toi, te, vous theft: vol thence: de là thereby: de ce fait, par ce moyen therein: en cela thereof: de cela thinks: pense

William Shakespeare thirst: soif, avoir soif thirteen: treize thither: là thorn: épine thou: tu, vous, toi thousand: mille, millier thrall: servitude thread: fil, filet, enfiler, fileter, filetage thrice: trois fois thrive: prospérer, prospères, prospérez, prospérons, prospèrent, prospère throat: gorge, la gorge, gosier throne: trône throughout: partout thrust: poussée, pousser thrusting: persuasion thunder: tonnerre, tonner, retenir thy: ton tide: marée tides: marées tidings: nouvelles till: caisse, à, jusqu'à ce que tilt: incliner, inclinaison, basculement, pente, pencher timeless: éternel, intemporel timorous: craintif, timoré title: titre, intitulé titles: titres titular: titulaire toil: travailler dur, labeur token: jeton, signe, témoignage, signal, marque, preuve, gage tomb: tombe, tombeau tongue: langue, languette tongues: langues top: sommet, haut, faîte, comble, summon, mutiler, couvercle, cime, supérieur, tête torch: torche, lampe de poche, lampe torche, flambeau torture: torture, torturer, supplice touch: toucher, touche, contact, touchez toward: vers, en, à, en relation avec tower: tour, pylône town: ville, cité, localité toy: jouet, joujou traffic: trafic, circulation, commerce tragical: tragique traitor: traître traitorous: traître transported: transporté trap: piège, trappe, piéger, siphon travail: labeur travel: voyager, voyageons, voyagez, voyagent, voyages, voyage, course, aller, déplacement, aller en véhicule, se déplacer treacherous: traître, déloyal treachery: traîtrise treason: trahison

trespass: atteinte, offense, entrée sans permission, empiéter trial: jugement, essai, épreuve, désolation, procès tribute: tribut, hommage tried: essayé trifle: bagatelle, babiole triumph: triomphe, triompher triumphant: triomphant, triomphal troops: troupes trouble: problème, gêner, déranger, dérangement, panne, difficulté, trouble, ennui troubles: gêne, troubles truant: vagabond truce: trêve true: vrai, véritable, réel, qui a raison, exact, juste truly: vraiment, réellement, en vérité, en fait, en réalité, véritablement trump: atout trumpet: trompette, barrir, trompeter trust: confiance, fiducie, confier, trust, foi, fidéicommis, se fier trusty: sûr truth: vérité tug: remorqueur, tirer, remorquer tumultuous: tumultueux turk: turc turn: tourner, tournes, tourne, tournons, tournent, tournez, tour, changer, retourner, dévier, retournes turret: tourelle, tourelle revolver turrets: grosses spirales tut: zut tutor: tuteur, précepteur twelve: douze twenty: vingt twice: deux fois, bis twit: idiot, taquiner tyranny: tyrannie ugly: laid, vilain, moche, mauvais umpire: arbitre, surarbitre unable: incapable unbidden: spontanément uncle: oncle undaunted: courageux, vaillant, intrépide underneath: dessous, sous, en dessous undertake: entreprendre, entreprennent, entreprenons, entreprends, entreprenez, se démener undoubted: indubitable unequal: inégal unfortunate: malheureux unkind: maussade unknown: inconnu, ignoré, inconnue unlawful: illégal, illégitime, illicite unnatural: anormal

149 unready: pas prêt unrelenting: inexorable unworthy: indigne upbraid: réprimandent, réprimandons, réprimandez, réprimande, morigénez, morigénes, morigénent, morigéne, réprimandes, morigénons, morigéner upright: montant, droit, intègre, honnête, debout, vertical, montant droit uproar: tumulte, vacarme, tapage upstart: parvenu urged: exhorté urn: urne usage: usage, coutume, utilisation usurp: usurper, usurpes, usurpez, usurpe, usurpons, usurpent usurpation: usurpation usurping: usurpant utter: répandre, émettre, proférer, prononcer vain: vain, vaniteux, abortif, frivole valiant: vaillant, courageux, valeureux valour: courage, valeur, vaillance value: valeur, apprécier, mérite, évaluer vanquished: vainquîtes, vaincu, vainquîmes, vainquirent, vainquis, vainquit vantage: avantage vapors: vapeur vive vengeance: revanche, vengeance venus: Vénus verdict: verdict, sentence, jugement vex: chagriner, chagrine, chagrinent, chagrines, chagrinez, chagrinons, vexer, vexes, vexe, vexent, vexons vicious: méchant, vicieux, perfide, malin victorious: victorieux victors: vainqueurs victory: victoire victual: approvisionner, approvisionnons, approvisionnez, approvisionnes, approvisionne, approvisionnent vile: vil, abject, lâche, infâme villain: scélérat violent: violent virgin: vierge, virginal virtues: vertus virtuous: vertueux vision: vision, vue visit: visite, visiter, visites, visitent, visitez, visitons, aller voir volume: volume, tome vouchsafe: accorder vow: voeu vulgar: vulgaire, trivial vulture: vautour

150 wail: se lamenter, gémissement, gémir wailing: triage à la main, gémir, gémissement waist: taille, corset wait: attendre, attendez, attendons, attends, attendent, attente waited: attendu, attendîtes, attendit, attendis, attendîmes, attendirent wake: sillage, réveiller, se réveiller, se lever, s'éveiller waking: rester éveillé, réveiller walk: marcher, marches, marchons, marchent, marchez, promenade, marche, démarche, se promener wall: mur, paroi, cloison, muraille walloon: wallon walls: murs wander: errer, errons, erres, errez, errent, erre, vaguer, vague, vaguent, vagues, vaguez wandering: errant, vaguant, vagabond, errance, nomade wanting: voulant wanton: dévergondé wants: veut warlike: guerrier, belliqueux warning: avertissement, avertissant, sommation, alerte, alertant, recommandation, avis warrant: garantir, assurer, cautionner, mandat, warrant, bon de souscription, garantie warrior: guerrier, militaire wars: guerres wary: prudent wash: laver, laves, lavez, lavent, lavons, lave, lavage, blanchissage wasting: gaspillant, gâchant, prodiguant, gaspillage watch: montre, regarder, horloge, être spectateur de, veille, veiller, pendule, surveiller, regarder un spectacle, voir, observer wavering: hésitant waving: ondulation ways: glissière, façons weak: faible, débile, lâche, mou weakly: faiblement, de manière faible, de façon faible weakness: faiblesse, débilité, impuissance, mollesse weal: bonheur wealth: richesse, fortune weapon: arme wear: usure, porter, avoir, user weary: las, fatigué wedded: me mariai, nous mariâmes, se maria, se marié, se marièrent, te marias, vous mariâtes, marié wedding: mariage, se mariant, noces, noce

King Henry VI, Part I wedlock: mariage weep: pleurer, pleure, pleures, pleurons, pleurez, pleurent weighty: important, lourd welcome: bienvenue, accueil, accueillir, bienvenu, accueilles, accueille, accueillent, accueillez, accueillons, recevoir solennellement whelp: couteau pour voûte de four, chienner, petit, savon de grande longueur whence: d'où whereas: attendu que, tandis que, durant, alors que, lors, pendant que, pendant wherefore: pourquoi wherein: où whilst: durant, pendant que, pendant, tandis que, lors whisper: chuchoter, chuchotement, murmurer whither: où whom: qui whose: dont, duquel, de qui wicked: mauvais, méchant wider: largeur supérieure wife: femme, épouse wild: sauvage willful: obstiné william: guillaume wilt: flétris, faner, flétrir win: gagner, gagnons, gagnez, gagnes, gagne, gagnent, remporter, remporte, remportent, remportes, remportez winchester: flacon de Winchester windows: fenêtres wine: vin winged: ailé, blessé wiped: essuyas, essuyâtes, essuyai, essuyé, essuyâmes, essuya, essuyèrent wish: souhait, désir, désirer, souhaiter, vouloir, volonté, gré wished: désira, souhaité, désirées, désirâmes, désirée, désirés wishes: vœux wit: esprit witch: sorcière witches: sorcières withdraw: retirer, retire, retirent, retires, retirez, retirons, décéder, prélever wither: se faner, dessécher, se flétrir withhold: retenir, retiens, retenez, retenons, retiennent witness: témoin, être présent, assister, témoigner woe: hélas, aïe, malheur wolf: loup womb: utérus won: gagnâmes, gagnèrent, gagnas,

gagnai, gagna, gagnâtes, Gagné, remportèrent, remporta, remportai, remportâmes wonder: s'étonner, miracle, merveille, se demander wondrous: merveilleux wont: coutume wonted: habituel, accoutumé woo: faire la cour wood: bois wooden: de bois, en bois word: mot, parole, promesse worship: adorer, adoration, vénération, vénérer worst: pire, le plus mauvais worth: valeur, mérite worthless: nul, sans valeur worthy: digne wrathful: courroucé wreck: épave, naufrage, détruire, accident wretch: malheureux, scélérat wretched: misérable, pauvre, infortuné, pitoyable, malheureux write: écrire, écris, écrivent, écrivez, écrivons, composer, rédiger writes: écrit writing: écrivant, écriture, écrit, inscription written: écrit wrong: tort, faux, abusif, incorrect, erroné, injustice, mal wrought: forgé, travaillé ye: vous, toi, tu yea: oui yelping: jappant, jappement, glapissant, glapissement yield: rendement, céder, cèdent, cèdes, cédez, cédons, cède, abandonner, produire, abdiquer, reculer yielded: cédâmes, cédèrent, cédé, cédas, cédai, céda, cédâtes yoke: joug, culasse, empiècement yonder: là, y yours: vôtre yourself: vous youth: jeunesse, ado, jeunes youthful: jeune, juvénile

151