Gulliver's Travels (Webster's Korean Thesaurus Edition)

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GULLIVER’S TRAVELS WEBSTER'S KOREAN THESAURUS EDITION

for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOFEL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

Jonathan Swift

TOEFL, TOEIC, AP and Advanced Placement are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

Gulliver’s Travels Webster's Korean Thesaurus Edition

for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOFEL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation

Jonathan Swift

TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

ii ICON CLASSICS Published by ICON Group International, Inc. 7404 Trade Street San Diego, CA 92121 USA www.icongrouponline.com Gulliver’s Travels: Webster's Korean Thesaurus Edition for ESL, EFL, ELP, TOFEL®, TOEIC®, and AP® Test Preparation This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005 Printed in the United States of America. Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc. Edited by Philip M. Parker, Ph.D. (INSEAD); Copyright ©2005, all rights reserved. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Copying our publications in whole or in part, for whatever reason, is a violation of copyright laws and can lead to penalties and fines. Should you want to copy tables, graphs, or other materials, please contact us to request permission (E-mail: [email protected]). ICON Group often grants permission for very limited reproduction of our publications for internal use, press releases, and academic research. Such reproduction requires confirmed permission from ICON Group International, Inc. TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved. ISBN 0-497-92530-3

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Contents PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR .......................................................................................... 1 THE PUBLISHER TO THE READER ................................................................................... 2 PART I— A VOYAGE TO LILLIPUT .................................................................................... 8 CHAPTER I ................................................................................................................ 9 CHAPTER II ............................................................................................................. 19 CHAPTER III ............................................................................................................ 29 CHAPTER IV ............................................................................................................ 37 CHAPTER V ............................................................................................................. 42 CHAPTER VI ............................................................................................................ 49 CHAPTER VII ........................................................................................................... 59 CHAPTER VIII .......................................................................................................... 68 PART II— A VOYAGE TO BROBDINGNAG....................................................................... 74 CHAPTER I .............................................................................................................. 75 CHAPTER II ............................................................................................................. 87 CHAPTER III ............................................................................................................ 93 CHAPTER IV .......................................................................................................... 103 CHAPTER V ........................................................................................................... 108 CHAPTER VI .......................................................................................................... 117 CHAPTER VII ......................................................................................................... 126 CHAPTER VIII ........................................................................................................ 133 PART III— A VOYAGE TO LAPUTA, BALNIBARBI, LUGGNAGG, GLUBBDUBDRIB, AND JAPAN .......................................................................................................................... 144 CHAPTER I ............................................................................................................ 145 CHAPTER II ........................................................................................................... 151 CHAPTER III .......................................................................................................... 159 CHAPTER IV .......................................................................................................... 164 CHAPTER V ........................................................................................................... 170 CHAPTER VI .......................................................................................................... 177 CHAPTER VII ......................................................................................................... 183 CHAPTER VIII ........................................................................................................ 187

iv CHAPTER IX .......................................................................................................... 193 CHAPTER X ........................................................................................................... 197 CHAPTER XI .......................................................................................................... 205 PART IV— A VOYAGE TO THE COUNTRY OF THE HOUYHNHNMS .............................. 209 CHAPTER I ............................................................................................................ 210 CHAPTER II ........................................................................................................... 217 CHAPTER III .......................................................................................................... 223 CHAPTER IV .......................................................................................................... 229 CHAPTER V ........................................................................................................... 234 CHAPTER VI .......................................................................................................... 240 CHAPTER VII ......................................................................................................... 247 CHAPTER VIII ........................................................................................................ 254 CHAPTER IX .......................................................................................................... 260 CHAPTER X ........................................................................................................... 266 CHAPTER XI .......................................................................................................... 273 CHAPTER XII ......................................................................................................... 281 GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................... 288

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PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently assigned readings in English courses. By using a running English-to-Korean thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this edition of Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift was edited for three audiences. The first includes Korean-speaking students enrolled in an English Language Program (ELP), an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) program, an English as a Second Language Program (ESL), or in a TOEFL® or TOEIC® preparation program. The second audience includes English-speaking students enrolled in bilingual education programs or Korean speakers enrolled in English speaking schools. The third audience consists of students who are actively building their vocabularies in Korean in order to take foreign service, translation certification, Advanced Placement® (AP®)1 or similar examinations. By using the Rosetta Edition® when assigned for an English course, the reader can enrich their vocabulary in anticipation of an examination in Korean or English. Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of difficult and potentially ambiguous English words. Rare or idiosyncratic words and expressions are given lower priority compared to “difficult, yet commonly used” words. Rather than supply a single translation, many words are translated for a variety of meanings in Korean, allowing readers to better grasp the ambiguity of English, and avoid them using the notes as a pure translation crutch. Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within context serves to improve vocabulary retention and understanding. Each page covers words not already highlighted on previous pages. If a difficult word is not translated on a page, chances are that it has been translated on a previous page. A more complete glossary of translations is supplied at the end of the book; translations are extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary. Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-onlinedictionary.org. Please send suggestions to [email protected] The Editor Webster’s Online Dictionary www.websters-online-dictionary.org

1 TOEFL®, TOEIC®, AP® and Advanced Placement® are trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which has neither reviewed nor endorsed this book. All rights reserved.

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Gulliver’s Travels

THE PUBLISHER TO THE READER [As%given in the original edition.]

The author of these Travels, Mr. Lemuel Gulliver, is my ancient and intimate friend; there is likewise some relation between us on the mother’s side. About three years ago, Mr. Gulliver growing weary of the concourse of curious people coming to him at his house in Redriff, made a small purchase of land, with a convenient house, near Newark, in Nottinghamshire, his native country; where he now lives retired, yet in good esteem among his neighbours. Although Mr. Gulliver was born in Nottinghamshire, where his father dwelt, yet I have heard him say his family came from Oxfordshire; to confirm which, I have observed in the churchyard at Banbury in that county, several tombs and monuments of the Gullivers. Before he quitted Redriff, he left the custody of the following papers in my hands, with the liberty to dispose of them as I should think fit. I have carefully perused them three times. The style is very plain and simple; and the only fault I find is, that the author, after the manner of travellers, is a little too circumstantial. There is an air of truth apparent through the whole; and indeed the author was so distinguished for his veracity, that it became a sort of proverb among his

Korean churchyard: 묘지, 구내, 교회묘지, 교 나게 하다, 의 경향을 갖게 하다, 일의 회의 경내. 추세를 결정하다. circumstantial: 상세한, 우연한, 정황 esteem: 존중하다, 존중, 존경하다, 귀 적인, 처지상의, 부수적인, 생활상태 중히 여기다, 간주하다, 존경, 간주하 의, 정황에 의한, 형편에 따른, 추정상 다-존경, 평가하다. 의. intimate: 친밀한, 상세한, 암시하다, concourse: 집합, 경마장, 군중, 경기장 사사로운, 깊은, 친구, 친한친구, 알리 , 군집, 합류, 큰 길, 중앙광장, 중앙홀 다, 일신상의, 정교를 맺고 있는 사통 , 중앙 광장. 하고 있는, 친숙한. dispose: 배치하다, 일의 성패를 결정 likewise: 마찬가지로, 또한, 똑같이, 하다, 처리하다, 충당하다, 할 마음이 그리고 또한.

papers: 서류, 신문 증명서. proverb: 속담, 대동사, 평판 있는것, 우화, 인기 있는 것, 어떤 점에서 저명 한 것, 어떤 점에서 인기 있는 것, 속 담극, 저명한 것. veracity: 정확, 정직, 진실, 정확성, 진 실을 말함. weary: 지치다, 지치게 하다, 지치게 하는, 싫어진, 넌더리나는, 동경하다, 싫증나다, 지루하게 하다, 지루해지다 , 피로한, 싫증나게 하다.

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neighbours at Redriff, when any one affirmed a thing, to say, it was as true as if Mr. Gulliver had spoken it.% By the advice of several worthy persons, to whom, with the author’s permission, I communicated these papers, I now venture to send them into the world, hoping they may be, at least for some time, a better entertainment to our young noblemen, than the common scribbles of politics and party. This volume would have been at least twice as large, if I had not made bold to strike out innumerable passages relating to the winds and tides, as well as to the variations and bearings in the several voyages, together with the minute descriptions of the management of the ship in storms, in the style of sailors; likewise the account of longitudes and latitudes; wherein I have reason to apprehend, that Mr. Gulliver may be a little dissatisfied. But I was resolved to fit the work as much as possible to the general capacity of readers. However, if my own ignorance in sea affairs shall have led me to commit some mistakes, I alone am answerable for them. And if any traveller hath a curiosity to see the whole work at large, as it came from the hands of the author, I will be ready to gratify him. As for any further particulars relating to the author, the reader will receive satisfaction from the first pages of the book. RICHARD SYMPSON.

A LETTER FROM CAPTAIN GULLIVER TO HIS COUSIN SYMPSON, WRITTEN IN THE YEAR 1727 I hope you will be ready to own publicly, whenever you shall be called to it, that by your great and frequent urgency you prevailed on me to publish a very loose and uncorrect account of my travels, with directions to hire some young gentleman of either university to put them in order, and correct the style, as my

Korean answerable: 책임이 있는, 답할 수 있 는, 책임있는, 알맞은, 대답할 수 있는 , 해당할 만한. apprehend: 우려하다, 체포하다, 이해 다다, 붙잡다, 염려하다, 이해하다, 깨 닫다, 감지하다-이해하다, 감지하다. bearings: 방위, 문장. bold: 가파른, 대담한, 거리낌없는, 굵 은, 뚜렷한, 굵게, 볼드체의, 뻔뻔스러 운, 힘 있는, 두드러진, 뻔뻔한. curiosity: 호기심, 골동품, 진기함, 진

기한 것, 신기함, 진기한것. dissatisfied: 불만인, 불만인의, 불만스 러운. gratify: 기쁘게 하다, 만족 시키다, 기 쁘게 해주다, 에게 사례금을 주다, 채 우다, 에게 보수를 주다. hath: 직설법, 현재. ignorance: 무식, 무지, 모르고 있음. innumerable: 무수한, 셀수 없는, 이루 셀 수 없는. particulars: 상세.

traveller: 여행자, 주문 받는 사람, 외 판원, 여행에 익숙한 사람, 순회 판매 인, 이동 기중기, 하게 진행하는 차 등 , 하게 진행하는 것 등, 하게 진행하는 말 등, 외무원. urgency: 긴급, 긴급한 일, 절박, 역설, 위급, 급박, 긴급 안건이라는 결의, 위 기, 화급, 한결같은 주장, 집요. wherein: 어떤 점에서, 그 중에, 그점 에서, 무엇 가운데에, 하는 바의, 어떤 점으로.

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cousin %Dampier did, by my advice, in his book called “A Voyage round the world.” But I do not remember I gave you power to consent that any thing should be omitted, and much less that any thing should be inserted; therefore, as to the latter, I do here renounce every thing of that kind; particularly a paragraph about her majesty Queen Anne, of most pious and glorious memory; although I did reverence and esteem her more than any of human species. But you, or your interpolator, ought to have considered, that it was not my inclination, so was it not decent to praise any animal of our composition before my master Houyhnhnm: And besides, the fact was altogether false; for to my knowledge, being in England during some part of her majesty’s reign, she did govern by a chief minister; nay even by two successively, the first whereof was the lord of Godolphin, and the second the lord of Oxford; so that you have made me say the thing that was not. Likewise in the account of the academy of projectors, and several passages of my discourse to my master Houyhnhnm, you have either omitted some material circumstances, or minced or changed them in such a manner, that I do hardly know my own work. When I formerly hinted to you something of this in a letter, you were pleased to answer that you were afraid of giving offence; that people in power were very watchful over the press, and apt not only to interpret, but to punish every thing which looked like an innuendo (as I think you call it). But, pray how could that which I spoke so many years ago, and at about five thousand leagues distance, in another reign, be applied to any of the Yahoos, who now are said to govern the herd; especially at a time when I little thought, or feared, the unhappiness of living under them? Have not I the most reason to complain, when I see these very Yahoos carried by Houyhnhnms in a vehicle, as if they were brutes, and those the rational creatures? And indeed to avoid so monstrous and detestable a sight was one principal motive of my retirement hither. Thus much I thought proper to tell you in relation to yourself, and to the trust I reposed in you. I do, in the next place, complain of my own great want of judgment, in being prevailed upon by the entreaties and false reasoning of you and some others,

Korean detestable: 몹시 싫은, 혐오할 만한. nay: 아니, 거절, 반대 투표, 거부, 그 hither: 이쪽의, 여기로, 이리로, 여기 뿐만아니라, 불가능하다, 그렇기는 커 에. 녕, 그렇기는 하나, 라기보다는, 반대, innuendo: 풍자, 암시, 빗댐, 빈정거리 뿐만아니라. 다, 빈정대는말. pious: 경건한, 신앙심이 깊은, 종교적 inserted: 부착된, 끼워넣은, 착생한. 인, 효성스러운, 실현 가능성이 없는, interpolator: 가필자, 개찬자. 종교심으로의, 탄복할 만한. majesty: 주권, 폐하, 위엄, 장엄. renounce: 포기하다, 부인하다, 관계를 monstrous: 거대한, 기괴한, 괴물같은, 끊다, 기권하다, 거절하다, 권리를 포 극악 무도한, 어처구니 없는, 괴이한, 기하다, 그만두다, 나온 패가 없어서 대단히. 다른 짝의 패를 냄, 선서하고 버리다,

끊다, 양도하다. reverence: 존경, 존경하다, 위덕, 님, 경례, 숭상, 숭상하다, 신부님, 경의, 위엄, 경계. successively: 연속적으로, 잇따라서, 잇달아서. unhappiness: 불행, 비애, 불운, 비참. watchful: 경계하는, 주의 깊은, 조심 스러운, 방심하지 않는, 주의깊은. whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 무엇 에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의.

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very %much against my own opinion, to suffer my travels to be published. Pray bring to your mind how often I desired you to consider, when you insisted on the motive of public good, that the Yahoos were a species of animals utterly incapable of amendment by precept or example: and so it has proved; for, instead of seeing a full stop put to all abuses and corruptions, at least in this little island, as I had reason to expect; behold, after above six months warning, I cannot learn that my book has produced one single effect according to my intentions. I desired you would let me know, by a letter, when party and faction were extinguished; judges learned and upright; pleaders honest and modest, with some tincture of common sense, and Smithfield blazing with pyramids of law books; the young nobility’s education entirely changed; the physicians banished; the female Yahoos abounding in virtue, honour, truth, and good sense; courts and levees of great ministers thoroughly weeded and swept; wit, merit, and learning rewarded; all disgracers of the press in prose and verse condemned to eat nothing but their own cotton, and quench their thirst with their own ink. These, and a thousand other reformations, I firmly counted upon by your encouragement; as indeed they were plainly deducible from the precepts delivered in my book. And it must be owned, that seven months were a sufficient time to correct every vice and folly to which Yahoos are subject, if their natures had been capable of the least disposition to virtue or wisdom. Yet, so far have you been from answering my expectation in any of your letters; that on the contrary you are loading our carrier every week with libels, and keys, and reflections, and memoirs, and second parts; wherein I see myself accused of reflecting upon great state folk; of degrading human nature (for so they have still the confidence to style it), and of abusing the female sex. I find likewise that the writers of those bundles are not agreed among themselves; for some of them will not allow me to be the author of my own travels; and others make me author of books to which I am wholly a stranger. I find likewise that your printer has been so careless as to confound the times, and mistake the dates, of my several voyages and returns; neither assigning the true year, nor the true month, nor day of the month: and I hear the original manuscript is all destroyed since the publication of my book; neither have I any

Korean according: 그러므로, 따라서, 나름으 로, 에 따라, 에 의하여. behold: 보다. blazing: 심한, 타는, 강렬한, 타는 듯 한, 듯한, 타오르는, 뻔한. confound: 혼동하다, 꺾다, 저주하다, 좌절시키다, 제기랄, 당황케하다, 곤 혹케 하다, 난처하게 하다, 당황케 하 다, 제기랄 가벼운 욕 망할 자식, 제기 랄 망할 자식. deducible: 연역할수있는, 추론할 수

있는, 추론할수있는. 넣어 식히다, 빛 따위를 없애다, 가열 degrading: 품위를 떨어뜨리는, 타락 한 것을 물에 넣어 식히다, 동작을 잃 시키는, 창피스러운, 치사한, 부패시 게 하다, 반대자의 입을 막다, 불 따위 키는, 자존심을 멍들게하는, 자존심을 를 끄다, 불 따위를 없애다, 속력을 잃 떨어뜨리는. 게 하다. loading: 짐싣기, 선적, 짐싣기의. thirst: 갈증, 갈망, 갈망하다, 목마름, memoirs: 회상록, 논문집. 한잔 마시고 싶다, 목마르다. precept: 명령서, 교훈, 격언, 기술 따 tincture: 기미, 착색하다, 색, 의 기미 위의 지침, 기술 따위의 작업지침, 지 를 띠게 하다, 물들이다, 한 티, 풍미 침. 를 곁들이다, 정기제, 색조, 의 냄새를 quench: 끄다, 억제하다, 풀다, 물에 띠게 하다, 의 색조를 띠게 하다.

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copy left: however, I have sent you some corrections, which you may insert, if ever there should be a second edition: and yet I cannot stand to them; but shall leave that matter to my judicious and candid readers to adjust it as they please.% I hear some of our sea Yahoos find fault with my sea-language, as not proper in many parts, nor now in use. I cannot help it. In my first voyages, while I was young, I was instructed by the oldest mariners, and learned to speak as they did. But I have since found that the sea Yahoos are apt, like the land ones, to become new-fangled in their words, which the latter change every year; insomuch, as I remember upon each return to my own country their old dialect was so altered, that I could hardly understand the new. And I observe, when any Yahoo comes from London out of curiosity to visit me at my house, we neither of us are able to deliver our conceptions in a manner intelligible to the other. If the censure of the Yahoos could any way affect me, I should have great reason to complain, that some of them are so bold as to think my book of travels a mere fiction out of mine own brain, and have gone so far as to drop hints, that the Houyhnhnms and Yahoos have no more existence than the inhabitants of Utopia. Indeed I must confess, that as to the people of Lilliput, Brobdingrag (for so the word should have been spelt, and not erroneously Brobdingnag), and Laputa, I have never yet heard of any Yahoo so presumptuous as to dispute their being, or the facts I have related concerning them; because the truth immediately strikes every reader with conviction. And is there less probability in my account of the Houyhnhnms or Yahoos, when it is manifest as to the latter, there are so many thousands even in this country, who only differ from their brother brutes in Houyhnhnmland, because they use a sort of jabber, and do not go naked? I wrote for their amendment, and not their approbation. The united praise of the whole race would be of less consequence to me, than the neighing of those two degenerate Houyhnhnms I keep in my stable; because from these, degenerate as they are, I still improve in some virtues without any mixture of vice. Do these miserable animals presume to think, that I am so degenerated as to defend my veracity? Yahoo as I am, it is well known through all

Korean approbation: 허가, 시인, 칭찬. candid: 솔직한, 공평한, 포즈를 취하 지 않은, 스냅 사진, 자연 그대로의, 있는 대로의, 입바른, 성실한, 꺼리낌 없는, 거리낌없는, 공정한. censure: 비난, 비난하다, 혹평, 견책, 책망하다, 견책하다, 책망, 혹평하다. degenerate: 타락한, 퇴보한, 퇴보하다, 나빠지다, 퇴화한, 타락자. dialect: 방언, 통용어, 파생언어, 지방 사투리, 한 계급 특유의 통용어, 한 직

업 특유의 통용어. erroneously: 잘못하여, 틀려서. insomuch: 만큼, 의 정도로, 이므로. intelligible: 지성만으로 알수 있는, 알 기쉬 운, 알기쉬운, 이해할수 있는, 이 해할 수 있는, 명료한, 지성적인. jabber: 재잘거리다, 재잘거림, 지껄이 다, 마구 지껄이다, 알아듣지도 못할 정도로 빠르게 지껄이는 말. judicious: 현명한, 사려있는, 사려분별 이 있는.

new-fangled: 신기한 것을 좋아하는, 신식의, 최신 유행의. presume: 추정하다, 기화로 삼다, 이라 고 생각하다, 대담히도..하다, 주제넘 게 나서다, 대담히도, 하다, 가정하다. presumptuous: 뻔뻔스러운, 주제넘은, 건방진. spelt: 스펠트밀. yahoo: 인간의 모습을 한 짐승, 야후속 의, 야후, 무뚝뚝한 사람, 짐승 같은 사람, 무례한 사람.

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Houyhnhnmland, that, by the instructions and example of my illustrious master, I was able in the compass of two years (although I confess with the utmost difficulty) to remove that infernal habit of lying, shuffling, deceiving, and equivocating, so deeply rooted in the very souls of all my species; especially the Europeans.% I have other complaints to make upon this vexatious occasion; but I forbear troubling myself or you any further. I must freely confess, that since my last return, some corruptions of my Yahoo nature have revived in me by conversing with a few of your species, and particularly those of my own family, by an unavoidable necessity; else I should never have attempted so absurd a project as that of reforming the Yahoo race in this kingdom: But I have now done with all such visionary schemes for ever. April 2, 1727

Korean absurd: 불합리한, 어리석은, 부조리한 , 모순된, 부조리. compass: 나침반, 이해하다, 한계, 달 성하다, 둘레, 에워싸다, 의 둘레를 돌 다, 적당한 정도, 컴퍼스, 계획하다, 포위하다. confess: 자인하다, 자백하다, 고해를 듣다, 고해하다, 참회하다, 고백하다, 자공하다, 공언하다. forbear: 억누르다, 참다, 삼가다, 그만 두다, 조상, 억제하다.

freely: 아낌없이, 마음대로, 인심 후하 게, 자유로이, 자유롭게, 허물없이. illustrious: 유명한, 저명한, 현저한, 찬란한, 빛나는, 혁혁한. infernal: 지옥의, 지독한, 명부의, 악마 와 같은, 지긋지긋한, 악마 같은, 악독 한, 무도한, 비인간적인. rooted: 뿌리깊은, 뿌리박은, 정착한, 뿌리있는, 뿌리를 박고 붙어 있는, 움 직이지 못하는, 뿌리를 박은. unavoidable: 피할 수 없는, 무효로할

수 없는, 피하기 어려운, 모면하기 어 려운. utmost: 최대의, 가장먼, 극한, 최대 한 도, 최고의 것, 가장 떨어진, 최대한도 , 최대한의, 최상의 것. vexatious: 성가신, 남을 곯리려고 걸 핏하면 소송을 일으키는. visionary: 공상가, 공상적인, 환영을 보는 사람, 환영의, 비현실적인, 환상 에 잠기는, 환영으로 나타나는, 예언 력이 있는, 환영같은, 가공적인.

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Gulliver’s Travels

PART I— A VOYAGE TO LILLIPUT

Jonathan Swift

CHAPTER

9

%I

[The author gives some account of himself and family. His first inducements to travel. He is shipwrecked, and swims for his life. Gets safe on shore in the country of Lilliput; is made a prisoner, and carried up the country.]

My father had a small estate in Nottinghamshire: I was the third of five sons. He sent me to Emanuel College in Cambridge at fourteen years old, where I resided three years, and applied myself close to my studies; but the charge of maintaining me, although I had a very scanty allowance, being too great for a narrow fortune, I was bound apprentice to Mr. James Bates, an eminent surgeon in London, with whom I continued four years. My father now and then sending me small sums of money, I laid them out in learning navigation, and other parts of the mathematics, useful to those who intend to travel, as I always believed it would be, some time or other, my fortune to do. When I left Mr. Bates, I went down to my father: where, by the assistance of him and my uncle John, and some other relations, I got forty pounds, and a promise of thirty pounds a year to maintain me at Leyden: there I studied physic two years and seven months, knowing it would be useful in long voyages. Soon after my return from Leyden, I was recommended by my good master, Mr. Bates, to be surgeon to the Swallow, Captain Abraham Pannel, commander; with whom I continued three years and a half, making a voyage or two into the

Korean apprentice: 도제, 견습, 계시로삼다, 견습으로보내다, 초심자. commander: 사령관, 지휘관, 지휘자, 해군 중령, 경시장, 상급 훈작사, 부함 장. eminent: 현저한, 우수한, 유명한, 뛰 어난, 저명한, 돌출한. fortune: 행운, 부, 운, 재산, 운명, 운수 , 재산을 주다, 우연히 일어나다, 운명 의 여신. intend: 할 작정이다, 예정하다, 의미

하다, 의도하다, 하려고 생각하다, 지 정하다, 셈이다, 뜻하다, 꾀하다, 기도 하다, 가리키다. laid: 집에 틀어박힌, 몸져 누워 있는. mathematics: 수학, 수학의 운용. navigation: 항해, 항행 선박, 항공, 항 행, 항해학항법, 해양 탐험가, 항해학, 항해술, 항공학, 항공술. physic: 의술, 약을 머기다, 치료하다, 하제, 약, 에게 약을 먹이다. prisoner: 죄수, 포로, 붙잡힌 사람모르

고 잡아두다, 자유를 빼앗긴 사람, 죄 인, 자유를 빼앗긴 것, 붙잡힌 것, 붙 잡힌 사람. scanty: 부족한, 모자라는. shipwrecked: 깨어진, 난파한. shore: 육지, 지주, 해안, 육지로, 언덕, 뭍, 나라, 떠받치다, 물가, 지주로 받 치다, 양륙하다. surgeon: 군의관, 외과 의사, 선의. voyage: 항해, 항해하다, 바다를 건너 가다, 건너 지르다, 여행기.

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Gulliver’s Travels

Levant, and some other parts. When I came back I resolved to settle in London; to which Mr. Bates, my master, encouraged me, and by him I was recommended to several patients. I took part of a small house in the Old Jewry; and being advised to alter my condition, I married Mrs. Mary Burton, second daughter to Mr. Edmund Burton, hosier, in Newgate-street, with whom I received four hundred pounds for a portion.% But my good master Bates dying in two years after, and I having few friends, my business began to fail; for my conscience would not suffer me to imitate the bad practice of too many among my brethren. Having therefore consulted with my wife, and some of my acquaintance, I determined to go again to sea. I was surgeon successively in two ships, and made several voyages, for six years, to the East and West Indies, by which I got some addition to my fortune. My hours of leisure I spent in reading the best authors, ancient and modern, being always provided with a good number of books; and when I was ashore, in observing the manners and dispositions of the people, as well as learning their language; wherein I had a great facility, by the strength of my memory. The last of these voyages not proving very fortunate, I grew weary of the sea, and intended to stay at home with my wife and family. I removed from the Old Jewry to Fetter Lane, and from thence to Wapping, hoping to get business among the sailors; but it would not turn to account. After three years expectation that things would mend, I accepted an advantageous offer from Captain William Prichard, master of the Antelope, who was making a voyage to the South Sea. We set sail from Bristol, May 4, 1699, and our voyage was at first very prosperous. It would not be proper, for some reasons, to trouble the reader with the particulars of our adventures in those seas; let it suffice to inform him, that in our passage from thence to the East Indies, we were driven by a violent storm to the north-west of Van Diemen’s Land. By an observation, we found ourselves in the latitude of 30 degrees 2 minutes south. Twelve of our crew were dead by immoderate labour and ill food; the rest were in a very weak condition. On the 5th of November, which was the beginning of summer in those parts, the

Korean acquaintance: 지식, 알고 있음, 면식, 아는 사람, 잘아는 사람, 익히 알고 있 음, 안면, 숙지, 아는 사인. advantageous: 유리한, 형편이 좋은. ashore: 물가에, 해변에. brethren: 동포, 회원, 동인, 형제, 같은 신도들. hosier: 양품상. imitate: 모방하다, 흉내내다, 모조하다 , 모범으로 삼다, 본받다, 모사하다, 위조하다.

immoderate: 극단적인, 중용을 결한, 지나친, 절도 없는, 엄청난, 무절제한, 절제 없는. latitude: 위도, 범위, 지대, 지역, 자유, 관용도, 한대지방, 사상 따위의 자유 범위, 위도에서 보았을 때의 지방, 노 출의 관용도, 자유 범위. learning: 학문, 박식, 배우기. manners: 예의, 예절, 풍습. mend: 고치다, 개선하다, 정정하다, 걸 음을 빠르게 하다, 수선하다, 수선, 행

실 따위를 고치다, 사태가 호전되다, 개량하다, 꺼질듯한 불을 살리다, 개 심하다. observing: 관찰력이 예리한, 관측적인 , 주의깆은. prosperous: 번영하는, 운이 좋은, 행 운의 길, 잘 되어 가는, 순조로운. suffice: 에 충분하다, 충분하다, 만족 시키다, 족하다. thence: 그때부터, 그러므로, 거기서부 터, 그런고로, 그곳에서부터.

Jonathan Swift

11

weather being very hazy, the seamen spied a rock within half a cable’s length of the ship; but the wind was so strong, that we were driven directly upon it, and immediately split.% Six of the crew, of whom I was one, having let down the boat into the sea, made a shift to get clear of the ship and the rock. We rowed, by my computation, about three leagues, till we were able to work no longer, being already spent with labour while we were in the ship. We therefore trusted ourselves to the mercy of the waves, and in about half an hour the boat was overset by a sudden flurry from the north. What became of my companions in the boat, as well as of those who escaped on the rock, or were left in the vessel, I cannot tell; but conclude they were all lost. For my own part, I swam as fortune directed me, and was pushed forward by wind and tide. I often let my legs drop, and could feel no bottom; but when I was almost gone, and able to struggle no longer, I found myself within my depth; and by this time the storm was much abated. The declivity was so small, that I walked near a mile before I got to the shore, which I conjectured was about eight o’clock in the evening. I then advanced forward near half a mile, but could not discover any sign of houses or inhabitants; at least I was in so weak a condition, that I did not observe them. I was extremely tired, and with that, and the heat of the weather, and about half a pint of brandy that I drank as I left the ship, I found myself much inclined to sleep. I lay down on the grass, which was very short and soft, where I slept sounder than ever I remembered to have done in my life, and, as I reckoned, about nine hours; for when I awaked, it was just daylight. I attempted to rise, but was not able to stir: for, as I happened to lie on my back, I found my arms and legs were strongly fastened on each side to the ground; and my hair, which was long and thick, tied down in the same manner. I likewise felt several slender ligatures across my body, from my arm-pits to my thighs. I could only look upwards; the sun began to grow hot, and the light offended my eyes. I heard a confused noise about me; but in the posture I lay, could see nothing except the sky. In a little time I felt something alive moving on my left leg, which advancing gently forward over my breast, came almost up to

Korean brandy: 브랜디. computation: 계산, 계량, 계산결과, 산정수치, 컴퓨터의 사용, 평가. declivity: 하향, 내리막, 내리받이, 내 리받이길. escaped: 도망한, 탈주한. flurry: 소동, 당황, 단말마의 고통, 혼 란, 일진 광풍, 당황하다, 동요, 눈보 라, 휘몰아치는비, 휘몰아치는 비, 단 말마. hazy: 몽롱한, 흐릿한, 안개 짙은, 이내

낀, 거나하게 취한. 체의 자세, 어떤 자세를 취하다, 어떤 inclined: 경사진, 하고 싶어하여, 에 태도를 취하다, 어떤 특정한 자세. 마음이 내키는, 경사진각도를 이루는, slender: 가느다란, 마른, 얼마 안 되는 경각을 이루는, 경향을 나타내며, 경 , 빈약한, 미덥지 못한, 미덥지 않은, 향이 있는. 협음의, 모자라는, 호리호리한. mercy: 자비, 행운, 고마움, 연민. sounder: 음향기, 울리는 것, 전음 발 overset: 뒤집히다, 전복, 타도하다, 뒤 신기, 측심원, 소리내는 것, 소식자, 엎다, 타도, 뒤집어 엎다. 울리는 사람, 측심기, 산돼지 떼. pint: 파인트, 일파인트 들이 용기. stir: 활동, 움직이다, 움직임, 휘젓다, posture: 상태, 자세, 인 체하다, 자세 뒤섞다, 흥분, 찌르기, 휘젓기, 유통하 를 취하다, 형세, 태도, 젠체하다, 신 다, 흥분시키다, 활동하다.

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Gulliver’s Travels

my chin; when, bending %my eyes downwards as much as I could, I perceived it to be a human creature not six inches high, with a bow and arrow in his hands, and a quiver at his back. In the mean time, I felt at least forty more of the same kind (as I conjectured) following the first. I was in the utmost astonishment, and roared so loud, that they all ran back in a fright; and some of them, as I was afterwards told, were hurt with the falls they got by leaping from my sides upon the ground. However, they soon returned, and one of them, who ventured so far as to get a full sight of my face, lifting up his hands and eyes by way of admiration, cried out in a shrill but distinct voice, Hekinah degul: the others repeated the same words several times, but then I knew not what they meant. I lay all this while, as the reader may believe, in great uneasiness. At length, struggling to get loose, I had the fortune to break the strings, and wrench out the pegs that fastened my left arm to the ground; for, by lifting it up to my face, I discovered the methods they had taken to bind me, and at the same time with a violent pull, which gave me excessive pain, I a little loosened the strings that tied down my hair on the left side, so that I was just able to turn my head about two inches. But the creatures ran off a second time, before I could seize them; whereupon there was a great shout in a very shrill accent, and after it ceased I heard one of them cry aloud Tolgo phonac; when in an instant I felt above a hundred arrows discharged on my left hand, which, pricked me like so many needles; and besides, they shot another flight into the air, as we do bombs in Europe, whereof many, I suppose, fell on my body, (though I felt them not), and some on my face, which I immediately covered with my left hand. When this shower of arrows was over, I fell a groaning with grief and pain; and then striving again to get loose, they discharged another volley larger than the first, and some of them attempted with spears to stick me in the sides; but by good luck I had on a buff jerkin, which they could not pierce. I thought it the most prudent method to lie still, and my design was to continue so till night, when, my left hand being already loose, I could easily free myself: and as for the inhabitants, I had reason to believe I might be a match for the greatest army they could bring against me, if they were all of the same size with him that I saw. But fortune disposed otherwise of me. When the people observed I was quiet, they

Korean arrows: 화살. 함 소시 다위가 날카롭게 울리다, 고 불유쾌. buff: 부드러운가죽으로닦다, 담황색 함 소리 따위가 날카롭게 울리다, 에 volley: 발리를 하다, 일제히 발사되다, 의가죽, 사람의 맨살, 무두질한 담황 구멍을 둠다. 연발, 일제 사격, 발리로 되치다, 빗발 색 가죽, 버프, 완충기 역할을 하다, quiver: 떨림, 떨게 하다, 화살통, 진동, 치듯하는 탄환, 연발하다, 일제 사격 타격, 팬, 의 힘을 약하게 하다, 맨살, 전통, 떨다, 전동, 흔들리다. 하다, 발리, 발리로 쳐 넘기다, 발리로 가죽으로 닦다. shrill: 새된 소리로, 강렬한, 날카로운 쳐차 넘기다. jerkin: 조끼, 가죽 조끼, 짧은 상의, 소 소리, 날카롭게, 높은 소리로, 새된 목 whereupon: 그래서, 거기서, 그 때문 매없는 짧은 조끼. 소리, 새된 목소리로 말하다, 새된 목 에, 무엇 위에, 그 위에. pierce: 통찰하다, 감동시키다, 관통하 소리로, 날카로운 소리를 내다, 날카 wrench: 렌치, 비틀다, 비틀어 떼다, 다, 꿰뚫다, 에스며들다-들어가다, 에 로운, 과장된. 비틂, 왜곡하다, 억지로 끌어댐, 삐다, 구멍을 뚫다, 돌입하다, 꿰찌르다, 고 uneasiness: 불안, 거북함, 걱정, 불쾌, 비틀기, 뒤틀리다, 비통함, 비통.

Jonathan Swift

13

discharged no more %arrows; but, by the noise I heard, I knew their numbers increased; and about four yards from me, over against my right ear, I heard a knocking for above an hour, like that of people at work; when turning my head that way, as well as the pegs and strings would permit me, I saw a stage erected about a foot and a half from the ground, capable of holding four of the inhabitants, with two or three ladders to mount it: from whence one of them, who seemed to be a person of quality, made me a long speech, whereof I understood not one syllable. But I should have mentioned, that before the principal person began his oration, he cried out three times, Langro dehul san (these words and the former were afterwards repeated and explained to me); whereupon, immediately, about fifty of the inhabitants came and cut the strings that fastened the left side of my head, which gave me the liberty of turning it to the right, and of observing the person and gesture of him that was to speak. He appeared to be of a middle age, and taller than any of the other three who attended him, whereof one was a page that held up his train, and seemed to be somewhat longer than my middle finger; the other two stood one on each side to support him. He acted every part of an orator, and I could observe many periods of threatenings, and others of promises, pity, and kindness. I answered in a few words, but in the most submissive manner, lifting up my left hand, and both my eyes to the sun, as calling him for a witness; and being almost famished with hunger, having not eaten a morsel for some hours before I left the ship, I found the demands of nature so strong upon me, that I could not forbear showing my impatience (perhaps against the strict rules of decency) by putting my finger frequently to my mouth, to signify that I wanted food. The hurgo (for so they call a great lord, as I afterwards learnt) understood me very well. He descended from the stage, and commanded that several ladders should be applied to my sides, on which above a hundred of the inhabitants mounted and walked towards my mouth, laden with baskets full of meat, which had been provided and sent thither by the king’s orders, upon the first intelligence he received of me. I observed there was the flesh of several animals, but could not distinguish them by the taste. There were shoulders, legs, and loins, shaped like those of mutton, and very well dressed, but smaller than the wings of a lark. I ate them

Korean decency: 예의, 체면, 점잖음, 예의 범 절, 체면상, 보통의 살림에 필요한 물 건, 어엿한 생활에 필요한 것, 예절 바 름, 보기 흉하지 않음, 관대. descended: 유래한, 전해진. famished: 굶주림. impatience: 조바심, 성급함, 초조, 견 딜 수 없음, 참을수 없는일, 조급, 안 달, 성급. knocking: 노킹, 문두들김. laden: 실린, 고민하는, 괴로워하는, 짐

을 실은. lark: 희롱거리다, 종다리, 농담하다, 장난, 희롱하다, 종달새. loins: 허리, 허리부분. morsel: 소량, 한조각, 한입, 한 입, 음 식물의 한 입. mutton: 양고기, 양고기의. oration: 연설, 화법, 특별한 경우의 정 식 연설. orator: 연설자, 웅변가. signify: 의미하다, 중대하다, 예시하다

, 나타내다, 중요하다, 의 전조가 되다 . submissive: 복종하는, 유순한, 고분고 분, 복종적인, 순종하는. syllable: 음절, 한마디, 철자, 일언, 음 절로 나누다. thither: 저기에, 저쪽에, 저쪽의, 저쪽 으로. whence: 하는 그 곳으로, 어찌하여, 어 디서, 바의, 왜, 어떻게, 출처, 하는, 어디로부터.

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by two or three at a mouthful, and took three loaves %at a time, about the bigness of musket bullets. They supplied me as fast as they could, showing a thousand marks of wonder and astonishment at my bulk and appetite. I then made another sign, that I wanted drink. They found by my eating that a small quantity would not suffice me; and being a most ingenious people, they slung up, with great dexterity, one of their largest hogsheads, then rolled it towards my hand, and beat out the top; I drank it off at a draught, which I might well do, for it did not hold half a pint, and tasted like a small wine of Burgundy, but much more delicious. They brought me a second hogshead, which I drank in the same manner, and made signs for more; but they had none to give me. When I had performed these wonders, they shouted for joy, and danced upon my breast, repeating several times as they did at first, Hekinah degul. They made me a sign that I should throw down the two hogsheads, but first warning the people below to stand out of the way, crying aloud, Borach mevolah; and when they saw the vessels in the air, there was a universal shout of Hekinah degul. I confess I was often tempted, while they were passing backwards and forwards on my body, to seize forty or fifty of the first that came in my reach, and dash them against the ground. But the remembrance of what I had felt, which probably might not be the worst they could do, and the promise of honour I made them—for so I interpreted my submissive behaviour—soon drove out these imaginations. Besides, I now considered myself as bound by the laws of hospitality, to a people who had treated me with so much expense and magnificence. However, in my thoughts I could not sufficiently wonder at the intrepidity of these diminutive mortals, who durst venture to mount and walk upon my body, while one of my hands was at liberty, without trembling at the very sight of so prodigious a creature as I must appear to them. After some time, when they observed that I made no more demands for meat, there appeared before me a person of high rank from his imperial majesty. His excellency, having mounted on the small of my right leg, advanced forwards up to my face, with about a dozen of his retinue; and producing his credentials under the signet royal, which he applied close to my eyes, spoke about ten minutes without any signs of anger, but with a kind of determinate resolution, often pointing forwards, which, as I afterwards

Korean astonishment: 놀라움, 경악, 놀랄 만 한 물건, 놀랄 만한 일, 놀람. credentials: 신임장. determinate: 단호한, 확정적인, 일정 한, 한정된. dexterity: 영리, 손재주 있음, 오른손 잡이, 재치. diminutive: 지소의, 지소사, 작은, 소 형의. draught: 선발하다, 기안하다, 기초하 다, 끌다, 제도공으로서 기술을 연마

하다. excellency: 장점, 대사등에대한존칭, 우수, 장관, 각하. hogshead: 액량단위, 큰통, 액량의 단 위, 큰 통. intrepidity: 대담, 용맹스러움, 겁없음, 대담한 행위, 대담함, 용맹. magnificence: 장엄, 훌륭함, 장려, 호 화, 웅대. mouthful: 소량, 입 가득, 한 입, 한 입 가득.

musket: 머스켓 총, 구식 보병총. prodigious: 거대한, 놀랄 만한, 놀라 운, 막대한. remembrance: 기념, 기억, 회상, 추억, 기념품, 기억력, 전갈, 기억의 범위, 유물, 잊지 않고 있음, 안부를 묻는 전 언. retinue: 수행원, 종자, 배신, 시종, 특 히 귀인 등의 시종, 특히 왕후 등의 시 종. signet: 인발, 인장, 막도장.

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found, was towards the capital city, about half a mile %distant; whither it was agreed by his majesty in council that I must be conveyed. I answered in few words, but to no purpose, and made a sign with my hand that was loose, putting it to the other (but over his excellency’s head for fear of hurting him or his train) and then to my own head and body, to signify that I desired my liberty. It appeared that he understood me well enough, for he shook his head by way of disapprobation, and held his hand in a posture to show that I must be carried as a prisoner. However, he made other signs to let me understand that I should have meat and drink enough, and very good treatment. Whereupon I once more thought of attempting to break my bonds; but again, when I felt the smart of their arrows upon my face and hands, which were all in blisters, and many of the darts still sticking in them, and observing likewise that the number of my enemies increased, I gave tokens to let them know that they might do with me what they pleased. Upon this, the hurgo and his train withdrew, with much civility and cheerful countenances. Soon after I heard a general shout, with frequent repetitions of the words Peplom selan; and I felt great numbers of people on my left side relaxing the cords to such a degree, that I was able to turn upon my right, and to ease myself with making water; which I very plentifully did, to the great astonishment of the people; who, conjecturing by my motion what I was going to do, immediately opened to the right and left on that side, to avoid the torrent, which fell with such noise and violence from me. But before this, they had daubed my face and both my hands with a sort of ointment, very pleasant to the smell, which, in a few minutes, removed all the smart of their arrows. These circumstances, added to the refreshment I had received by their victuals and drink, which were very nourishing, disposed me to sleep. I slept about eight hours, as I was afterwards assured; and it was no wonder, for the physicians, by the emperor’s order, had mingled a sleepy potion in the hogsheads of wine. It seems, that upon the first moment I was discovered sleeping on the ground, after my landing, the emperor had early notice of it by an express; and determined in council, that I should be tied in the manner I have related, (which

Korean civility: 정중한 태도, 정중, 정중함, 예 의바름, 공손, 예의바른말, 예의바른 태도, 예의바른 말, 정중한 말. cords: 굴레, 코듀로이 바지. darts: 다츠. disapprobation: 안된다고 함. disposed: 배치된, 한 감정을 품고, 할 생각이 있는. mingled: 섞는, 뒤섞이는. nourishing: 자양분이 많은, 자양이 되 는, 영양이 되는.

ointment: 연고. potion: 한잔, 일회 분량, 한 번에 먹을 양, 물약 또는 독약의 한 번에 먹을 양 . refreshment: 원기 회복, 원기를 회복 시키는 것, 휴양, 다과, 원기를 북돋우 는 것, 음식물, 피로 풀기, 가벼운 음 식물, 기분을 상쾌하게 함, 특히 간단 한 음식물, 간단한 음식물. relaxing: 나른한, 맥빠지게 하는, 몸을 나른하게 하는, 날씨가 몸을 나른하게

하는. sleeping: 수면. sleepy: 졸음이 오는 듯한, 졸린, 너무 익어 속이 썩기 시작한, 잠자는 듯한, 졸리는. torrent: 연발, 분류, 억수같이 쏟아짐, 억수, 급류. victuals: 식료품을 공급하다, 식료품을 사들이다, 음식물, 음식을 먹다. whither: 어디로, 곳으로, 그 곳으로, 가는 곳.

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was done in the night while I slept;) that plenty of meat and drink should be sent to me, and a machine prepared to carry me to the capital city. This resolution perhaps may appear very bold and dangerous, and I am confident would not be imitated by any prince in Europe on the like occasion. However, in my opinion, it was extremely prudent, as well as generous: for, supposing these people had endeavoured to kill me with their spears and arrows, while I was asleep, I should certainly have awaked with the first sense of smart, which might so far have roused my rage and strength, as to have enabled me to break the strings wherewith I was tied; after which, as they were not able to make resistance, so they could expect no mercy.% These people are most excellent mathematicians, and arrived to a great perfection in mechanics, by the countenance and encouragement of the emperor, who is a renowned patron of learning. This prince has several machines fixed on wheels, for the carriage of trees and other great weights. He often builds his largest men of war, whereof some are nine feet long, in the woods where the timber grows, and has them carried on these engines three or four hundred yards to the sea. Five hundred carpenters and engineers were immediately set at work to prepare the greatest engine they had. It was a frame of wood raised three inches from the ground, about seven feet long, and four wide, moving upon twenty-two wheels. The shout I heard was upon the arrival of this engine, which, it seems, set out in four hours after my landing. It was brought parallel to me, as I lay. But the principal difficulty was to raise and place me in this vehicle. Eighty poles, each of one foot high, were erected for this purpose, and very strong cords, of the bigness of packthread, were fastened by hooks to many bandages, which the workmen had girt round my neck, my hands, my body, and my legs. Nine hundred of the strongest men were employed to draw up these cords, by many pulleys fastened on the poles; and thus, in less than three hours, I was raised and slung into the engine, and there tied fast. All this I was told; for, while the operation was performing, I lay in a profound sleep, by the force of that soporiferous medicine infused into my liquor. Fifteen hundred of the

Korean countenance: 원조, 장려하다, 호의를 보이다, 침착, 표정, 승인하다, 허용하 다, 찬조, 찬성하다, 찬성, 지지. imitated: 본뜬, 모조의 가짜의, 모방된 , 흉내내어진. liquor: 알코올 음료, 술, 술을 많이 먹 이다, 물약, 용액에 담그다, 독주를 마 시게 하다, 독주를 많이 마시다, 분비 액. mechanics: 역학, 기계학, 기계적인 부 분, 기능적 구조.

packthread: 포장끈, 노끈, 포장용 노 끈. patron: 후원자, 수호 성인, 단골 손님, 여관 따위의 단골 손님, 상점 따위의 단골 손님, 빽. perfection: 완전, 극치, 완성, 완전한 사람, 우수한 점. performing: 공연을 요하는, 실행할 수 있는, 재주 부릴 수 있는, 재주 부릴줄 아는, 실행하는, 성취할 수 있는. prudent: 신중한, 조심성 있는, 분별

있는, 조심스러운. rage: 맹위를 떨치다, 격노, 열망, 격노 하다, 고조에 달하다, 감흥, 대유행, 감동, 열광, 격렬, 날뛰다. renowned: 유명한, 명성있는. soporiferous: 최면의, 최면 작용이 있 는. supposing: 이라면, 만약. wherewith: 무엇으로, 하기 위한, 그것 으로, 그것을 가지고. woods: 형이 보통임.

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%

emperor’s largest horses, each about four inches and a half high, were employed to draw me towards the metropolis, which, as I said, was half a mile distant. About four hours after we began our journey, I awaked by a very ridiculous accident; for the carriage being stopped a while, to adjust something that was out of order, two or three of the young natives had the curiosity to see how I looked when I was asleep; they climbed up into the engine, and advancing very softly to my face, one of them, an officer in the guards, put the sharp end of his half-pike a good way up into my left nostril, which tickled my nose like a straw, and made me sneeze violently; whereupon they stole off unperceived, and it was three weeks before I knew the cause of my waking so suddenly. We made a long march the remaining part of the day, and, rested at night with five hundred guards on each side of me, half with torches, and half with bows and arrows, ready to shoot me if I should offer to stir. The next morning at sun-rise we continued our march, and arrived within two hundred yards of the city gates about noon. The emperor, and all his court, came out to meet us; but his great officers would by no means suffer his majesty to endanger his person by mounting on my body. At the place where the carriage stopped there stood an ancient temple, esteemed to be the largest in the whole kingdom; which, having been polluted some years before by an unnatural murder, was, according to the zeal of those people, looked upon as profane, and therefore had been applied to common use, and all the ornaments and furniture carried away. In this edifice it was determined I should lodge. The great gate fronting to the north was about four feet high, and almost two feet wide, through which I could easily creep. On each side of the gate was a small window, not above six inches from the ground: into that on the left side, the king’s smith conveyed fourscore and eleven chains, like those that hang to a lady’s watch in Europe, and almost as large, which were locked to my left leg with six-and-thirty padlocks. Over against this temple, on the other side of the great highway, at twenty feet distance, there was a turret at least five feet high. Here the emperor ascended, with many principal lords of his court, to have an opportunity of viewing me, as I was told, for I could not see

Korean bows: 이물. creep: 포복, 기다, 살살 기다, 소리를 죽여 걷다, 근질근질하다, 탐해구로 해저를 더듬다, 지층의 변형, 점점 어 긋나 움직이다, 섬뜩해지는 느낌, 살 금살금 걷다, 슬며시 접근하다. edifice: 건물, 체계, 조직, 구성물. endanger: 위태롭게하다, 위험에 빠뜨 리다. guards: 근위 연대. metropolis: 수도, 중심지, 주요도시,

대본산 소재지, 종속 중심지. mounting: 포가, 설치, 마구, 박제, 장 비, 총가, 대포 따위의 설치. nostril: 콧구멍. profane: 세속적인, 이교적인, 불경한, 모독의, 남용하다, 사교의-더럽히다, 사교의, 더럽히다, 신성을 더럽히는, 오용하다, 의 신성을 더럽히다. sneeze: 재채기, 업신여기다, 재채기하 다, 깔보다, 유괴, 유괴하다, 체포하다 .

turret: 작은 탑, 포탑, 조종석, 망루, 터 릿, 선회 포탑, 바퀴 달린 사닥다리. unnatural: 부자연한, 보통이아닌, 인 도에 어긋나는, 이상한, 몰인정한, 자 연적인 인정에 배치되는, 자연적인 본 성에 배치되는, 자연적인 천성에 배치 되는, 꾸민 티가 나는. unperceived: 눈치채지 않은, 눈치 채 이지 않은. waking: 깨어 있는, 몽상. zeal: 열중, 열심, 열의, 열성.

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them. It was reckoned that above a hundred thousand inhabitants came out of the town upon the same errand; and, in spite of my guards, I believe there could not be fewer than ten thousand at several times, who mounted my body by the help of ladders. But a proclamation was soon issued, to forbid it upon pain of death. When the workmen found it was impossible for me to break loose, they cut all the strings that bound me; whereupon I rose up, with as melancholy a disposition as ever I had in my life. But the noise and astonishment of the people, at seeing me rise and walk, are not to be expressed. The chains that held my left leg were about two yards long, and gave me not only the liberty of walking backwards and forwards in a semicircle, but, being fixed within four inches of the gate, allowed me to creep in, and lie at my full length in the temple.%

Korean backwards: 뒤로, 거꾸로, 뒤쪽으로, 퇴보하여, 후방으로, 역행하여, 역으 로, 뒤로 향하여, 거슬러 올라가서. disposition: 성질, 처리, 배치, 성향, 처분, 배열. errand: 심부름, 볼일, 사명, 심부름의 내용, 내용. fewer: 보다 소수의. forbid: 금하다, 허락지않다, 금지하다, 방해하다, 하는 일이 절대로 없기를. gate: 수문, 문, 입장자수, 입장권 매상

총액, 문짝, 금족을 명하다, 출입구, 차단기, 시가, 법정, 방법. inches: 신장. liberty: 자유, 멋대로함, 자유구역, 방 종, 시효로 얻은 특권, 칙허로 얻은 특 권, 특권, 할 자유. loose: 풀다, 풀린, 쏘다, 엉성한, 총포 를 쏘다, 포장이 나쁜, 헐렁헐렁한, 헐 거워지다, 흐트러진, 낙낙한, 놓다. melancholy: 우울, 우울한, 습관적인 우울, 우울병, 체질적인 우울, 우울증.

mounted: 기동력이 있는, 기마의, 말 탄, 박힌, 붙박이한, 대를 붙인, 말에 탄, 자전거에 탄, 탈것에 탄, 계획되어 있는. proclamation: 선언, 성명서, 선언서. semicircle: 반원. spite: 악의, 원한, 앙심으로, 에 짓궂게 굴다, 을 돌보지 않고, 에도 불구하고, 짓궂게 굴다, 앙갚음하다. walking: 걷기, 걷는, 보행, 걷듯이 요 동하는.

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CHAPTER II [The%emperor of Lilliput, attended by several of the nobility, comes to see the author in his confinement. The emperor’s person and habit described. Learned men appointed to teach the author their language. He gains favour by his mild disposition. His pockets are searched, and his sword and pistols taken from him.]

When I found myself on my feet, I looked about me, and must confess I never beheld a more entertaining prospect. The country around appeared like a continued garden, and the enclosed fields, which were generally forty feet square, resembled so many beds of flowers. These fields were intermingled with woods of half a stang, and the tallest trees, as I could judge, appeared to be seven feet high. I viewed the town on my left hand, which looked like the painted scene of a city in a theatre. I had been for some hours extremely pressed by the necessities of nature; which was no wonder, it being almost two days since I had last disburdened myself. I was under great difficulties between urgency and shame. The best expedient I could think of, was to creep into my house, which I accordingly did; and shutting the gate after me, I went as far as the length of my chain would suffer, and discharged my body of that uneasy load. But this was the only time I was ever guilty of so uncleanly an action; for which I cannot but hope the candid

Korean appointed: 지정된, 설비된, 약속의, 정 해진, 설비를 갖춘. author: 저자, 본인, 하수인, 저작, 창시 자, 창조자, 저작물, 만들어 내다, 쓰 다. confinement: 제한, 감금, 해산, 유폐, 틀어박힘, 억류, 한계, 산욕, 국한, 해 산자리에 누움. difficulties: 항의, 어려움, 곤경, 곤란. enclosed: 에워싸는, 둘러막는, 동봉하 는, 넣는.

entertaining: 재미있는, 유쾌한. expedient: 수단, 유리한, 정략적인, 편 법, 방편, 편의주의의, 공리적인, 형편 좋은, 임기응변의조처, 시의를 얻은, 편의한. forty: 마흔, 사십. gains: 이의. necessities: 생필품. nobility: 고귀한 태생, 귀족, 고결함, 남작, 백작, 숭고, 숭고함, 자작, 후작, 고상함, 귀족상원의원과 그집안.

pressed: 바쁜, 모자라서, 눌린, 다린. sword: 검, 무력, 전쟁, 칼, 총검. teach: 가르치다, 교수하다, 선생질하 다, 깨닫게 하다, 교사를 하다, 혼내주 다, 훈련하다. theatre: 극장, 연극, 극문학, 무대장면, 현장, 연기. uncleanly: 불결한, 난잡한 불결하게, 음란한, 불결하게, 부정한. uneasy: 불안한, 걱정되는, 거북한, 어 색한.

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reader will give some allowance, after he has maturely and impartially considered my case, and the distress I was in. From this time my constant practice was, as soon as I rose, to perform that business in open air, at the full extent of my chain; and due care was taken every morning before company came, that the offensive matter should be carried off in wheel-barrows, by two servants appointed for that purpose. I would not have dwelt so long upon a circumstance that, perhaps, at first sight, may appear not very momentous, if I had not thought it necessary to justify my character, in point of cleanliness, to the world; which, I am told, some of my maligners have been pleased, upon this and other occasions, to call in question.% When this adventure was at an end, I came back out of my house, having occasion for fresh air. The emperor was already descended from the tower, and advancing on horseback towards me, which had like to have cost him dear; for the beast, though very well trained, yet wholly unused to such a sight, which appeared as if a mountain moved before him, reared up on its hinder feet: but that prince, who is an excellent horseman, kept his seat, till his attendants ran in, and held the bridle, while his majesty had time to dismount. When he alighted, he surveyed me round with great admiration; but kept beyond the length of my chain. He ordered his cooks and butlers, who were already prepared, to give me victuals and drink, which they pushed forward in a sort of vehicles upon wheels, till I could reach them. I took these vehicles and soon emptied them all; twenty of them were filled with meat, and ten with liquor; each of the former afforded me two or three good mouthfuls; and I emptied the liquor of ten vessels, which was contained in earthen vials, into one vehicle, drinking it off at a draught; and so I did with the rest. The empress, and young princes of the blood of both sexes, attended by many ladies, sat at some distance in their chairs; but upon the accident that happened to the emperor’s horse, they alighted, and came near his person, which I am now going to describe. He is taller by almost the breadth of my nail, than any of his court; which alone is enough to strike an awe into the beholders. His features are strong and masculine, with an Austrian lip and arched nose, his complexion olive, his countenance erect, his body and limbs well proportioned, all his motions graceful, and his deportment majestic. He

Korean arched: 아치형의, 활모양의, 홍예가 있는, 궁형의. bridle: 굴레를 씌우다, 고삐를 매다, 굴레, 구속하다, 몸을 뒤로 젖히다, 구 속물, 말 굴레, 머리를 치켜든 거만한 자세, 구속, 배를 매어 놓는 밧줄, 배 를 매어 놓는 체인. cleanliness: 청결, 깨끗함을 좋아함, 명백함, 깨끗한, 결백, 깨끗함. complexion: 안색, 외관, 형세, 모양, 양상, 형편, 혈색, 얼굴빛, 얼굴의 살

갗. deportment: 태도, 행실, 처신, 품행, 행동, 행동 거지, 행동거지, 거동. dismount: 내리다, 분해하다, 떼어내 다, 말에서 떨어뜨리다, 아래로 내려 놓다, 틀에서 빼내다, 내리게 하다. earthen: 흙의, 흙으로 만든, 오지로 만 든, 흙으로만든, 오지로만든. empress: 황후, 여제, 여왕 같은 존재. graceful: 우미한, 우아한. hinder: 방해하다, 뒤의, 뒤쪽의, 방해

가 되다, 방해가되다, 후방의. horseback: 말의 등, 말등, 말을 타고. horseman: 승마자, 마술가, 기수, 기병 . impartially: 편견없이, 공평하게. majestic: 당당한, 위엄 있는, 위엄있는 . maturely: 성숙하게. momentous: 중대한, 중요한, 지극히 중대한, 지극히 중요한. proportioned: 균형잡힌, 비례하는.

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was then past his prime, being twenty-eight years and three quarters old, of which he had %reigned about seven in great felicity, and generally victorious. For the better convenience of beholding him, I lay on my side, so that my face was parallel to his, and he stood but three yards off: however, I have had him since many times in my hand, and therefore cannot be deceived in the description. His dress was very plain and simple, and the fashion of it between the Asiatic and the European; but he had on his head a light helmet of gold, adorned with jewels, and a plume on the crest. He held his sword drawn in his hand to defend himself, if I should happen to break loose; it was almost three inches long; the hilt and scabbard were gold enriched with diamonds. His voice was shrill, but very clear and articulate; and I could distinctly hear it when I stood up. The ladies and courtiers were all most magnificently clad; so that the spot they stood upon seemed to resemble a petticoat spread upon the ground, embroidered with figures of gold and silver. His imperial majesty spoke often to me, and I returned answers: but neither of us could understand a syllable. There were several of his priests and lawyers present (as I conjectured by their habits), who were commanded to address themselves to me; and I spoke to them in as many languages as I had the least smattering of, which were High and Low Dutch, Latin, French, Spanish, Italian, and Lingua Franca, but all to no purpose. After about two hours the court retired, and I was left with a strong guard, to prevent the impertinence, and probably the malice of the rabble, who were very impatient to crowd about me as near as they durst; and some of them had the impudence to shoot their arrows at me, as I sat on the ground by the door of my house, whereof one very narrowly missed my left eye. But the colonel ordered six of the ringleaders to be seized, and thought no punishment so proper as to deliver them bound into my hands; which some of his soldiers accordingly did, pushing them forward with the butt-ends of their pikes into my reach. I took them all in my right hand, put five of them into my coat-pocket; and as to the sixth, I made a countenance as if I would eat him alive. The poor man squalled terribly, and the colonel and his officers were in much pain, especially when they saw me take out my penknife: but I soon put them out of fear; for, looking mildly, and immediately cutting the strings he was bound with, I set him gently

Korean clad: 장비한, 입은, 다른 금속을 입히 다, 덮인, 클래딩하다. deceived: 사기하는. diamonds: 다이아 패 한 벌. felicity: 행복, 지복, 적절한 표현, 교묘 함, 경사, 적절. hilt: 완전히, 칼자루, 자루. impertinence: 부적절한 행위, 무례한 행위, 무례, 건방짐, 부적당한, 건방진 , 당치 않은, 무례하게도, 무례한, 무 례한사람, 부적절 관계.

impudence: 뻔뻔스러움, 건방짐, 몰염 치, 건방진 언행. penknife: 주머니칼, 주머니 칼. petticoat: 여성의, 여자, 페티코트, 스 커트, 어린이의 속치마, 스커트 형의 덮개, 아동복, 여성복, 스커트 형의 것 . plume: 깃털, 깃털로 장장식하다, 물기 둥-새가 부리로 깃털을 고르다, 연기 나 구름 따위의 기둥, 영예 표시, 깃 모양의 털, 새가 깃털을 다듬다, 깃털

로 꾸미다, 깃털로 장식하다, 다듬다, 명예 표시. rabble: 무질서한 군중, 뒤죽 박죽된것, 오합지중, 교반봉, 교반봉으로 휘젓다 , 되는 대로 일을 하다, 떼, 빨리 말하 다, 떼를 지어 습격하다, 어중이 떠중 이, 와글대는 어중이 떠중이. scabbard: 칼집, 권총집, 집, 칼집에 꽂 다. smattering: 데 알고 있는 지식, 겉핥기 .

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on the ground, and away he ran. I treated the rest in the same manner, taking them one by one out of my pocket; and I observed both the soldiers and people were highly delighted at this mark of my clemency, which was represented very much to my advantage at court.% Towards night I got with some difficulty into my house, where I lay on the ground, and continued to do so about a fortnight; during which time, the emperor gave orders to have a bed prepared for me. Six hundred beds of the common measure were brought in carriages, and worked up in my house; a hundred and fifty of their beds, sewn together, made up the breadth and length; and these were four double: which, however, kept me but very indifferently from the hardness of the floor, that was of smooth stone. By the same computation, they provided me with sheets, blankets, and coverlets, tolerable enough for one who had been so long inured to hardships. As the news of my arrival spread through the kingdom, it brought prodigious numbers of rich, idle, and curious people to see me; so that the villages were almost emptied; and great neglect of tillage and household affairs must have ensued, if his imperial majesty had not provided, by several proclamations and orders of state, against this inconveniency. He directed that those who had already beheld me should return home, and not presume to come within fifty yards of my house, without license from the court; whereby the secretaries of state got considerable fees. In the mean time the emperor held frequent councils, to debate what course should be taken with me; and I was afterwards assured by a particular friend, a person of great quality, who was as much in the secret as any, that the court was under many difficulties concerning me. They apprehended my breaking loose; that my diet would be very expensive, and might cause a famine. Sometimes they determined to starve me; or at least to shoot me in the face and hands with poisoned arrows, which would soon despatch me; but again they considered, that the stench of so large a carcass might produce a plague in the metropolis, and probably spread through the whole kingdom. In the midst of these consultations, several officers of the army went to the door of the great council-

Korean breadth: 폭, 넓은도량, 나비, 넓이, 넓 음, 외연, 전체 효과, 퍼짐, 폭으로 재 는 물건, 관용, 너비. carcass: 짐승의 시체, 형해, 시체, 뼈대 . clemency: 온화, 관용, 온정적인 조치, 인자, 인정많음, 자비로운 행위, 관대 함. despatch: 없애버리다, 특파 하다, 운 송 대리점, 신속, 재빨리 해치우다, 급 파, 급송 공문서, 급파 하다.

famine: 기근, 대부족, 식량 부족, 고갈 , 굶주림. hardness: 견고, 곤란, 난해, 가혹, 경 도, 단단함, 무정, 물의 경연, 준엄. indifferently: 무관심하게, 상당히, 시 원치 않게. license: 방종, 면허하다, 면허, 방자, 감찰, 파격, 허가증, 인가, 인가하다, 승낙. midst: 한가운데, 중앙. plague: 역병, 천재, 괴롭히다, 재해,

귀찮은 일, 성가신 사람, 천벌, 말썰역병에 걸리게 하다, 역병에 걸리게 하다, 페승, 재화 따위를 당하게 하다. starve: 갈망하다, 굶주리다, 아사하다, 굶주리게 하다, 배고프다, 동사시키다 , 굶어 죽다, 시장기를 느끼다, 허기지 게 하다. stench: 악취, 고약한 냄새. tillage: 경작, 농작물, 경지. tolerable: 참을수 있는, 상당한, 참을 수 있는, 웬만한, 꽤 건강한.

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chamber, and two of them being admitted, gave an account of my behaviour to the %six criminals above-mentioned; which made so favourable an impression in the breast of his majesty and the whole board, in my behalf, that an imperial commission was issued out, obliging all the villages, nine hundred yards round the city, to deliver in every morning six beeves, forty sheep, and other victuals for my sustenance; together with a proportionable quantity of bread, and wine, and other liquors; for the due payment of which, his majesty gave assignments upon his treasury:—for this prince lives chiefly upon his own demesnes; seldom, except upon great occasions, raising any subsidies upon his subjects, who are bound to attend him in his wars at their own expense. An establishment was also made of six hundred persons to be my domestics, who had board-wages allowed for their maintenance, and tents built for them very conveniently on each side of my door. It was likewise ordered, that three hundred tailors should make me a suit of clothes, after the fashion of the country; that six of his majesty’s greatest scholars should be employed to instruct me in their language; and lastly, that the emperor’s horses, and those of the nobility and troops of guards, should be frequently exercised in my sight, to accustom themselves to me. All these orders were duly put in execution; and in about three weeks I made a great progress in learning their language; during which time the emperor frequently honoured me with his visits, and was pleased to assist my masters in teaching me. We began already to converse together in some sort; and the first words I learnt, were to express my desire “that he would please give me my liberty;” which I every day repeated on my knees. His answer, as I could comprehend it, was, “that this must be a work of time, not to be thought on without the advice of his council, and that first I must lumos kelmin pesso desmar lon emposo;” that is, swear a peace with him and his kingdom. However, that I should be used with all kindness. And he advised me to “acquire, by my patience and discreet behaviour, the good opinion of himself and his subjects.” He desired “I would not take it ill, if he gave orders to certain proper officers to search me; for probably I might carry about me several weapons, which must needs be dangerous things, if they answered the bulk of so prodigious a person.” I said, “His majesty should be satisfied; for I was ready to strip myself, and turn up my

Korean above-mentioned: 위에 말한, 이미 언 급한. accustom: 익히다, 늘하는식의, 예의, 에 익숙해지다, 의히다. chiefly: 주로, 대개, 거의, 우선. comprehend: 이해하다, 포함하다, 함 축하다. conveniently: 편리하게, 형편좋게, 형 편이 좋게도, 알맞게. converse: 담화, 교제, 반대, 뒤바뀐, 전 환 명제, 친하게 사귀다, 함께 이야기

하다, 역, 거꾸로의, 이야기하다, 회화 . discreet: 사려가 깊은, 신중한, 분별 있 는, 분별있는, 지각있는, 사려있는. duly: 정식으로, 당연히, 제시간에, 바 로, 적당히, 둔하게. honoured: 명예스러운, 명예스럽게 생 각하여, 영광스럽게 생각하여, 명예를 받은. instruct: 지시하다, 알리다, 가르치다, 통고하다, 교육하다, 명령하다, 에게

교수하다, 에게 명령하다, 에게 지시 하다, 보고하다. kindness: 친절, 우정, 상냥함, 친절한 태도, 친절한 행위. lastly: 최후에, 최후로. obliging: 친절한, 기꺼이 남을 돌봐 주 는. proportionable: 균형 잡힌, 어울리게 할 수 있는. sustenance: 생계, 생명을 유지하는 것 , 음식물, 영양물, 음식, 지지.

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pockets before him.” This I delivered part in words, and part in signs. He replied, “that, by the laws of the kingdom, I must be searched by two of his officers; that he knew this could not be done without my consent and assistance; and he had so good an opinion of my generosity and justice, as to trust their persons in my hands; that whatever they took from me, should be returned when I left the country, or paid for at the rate which I would set upon them.” I took up the two officers in my hands, put them first into my coat-pockets, and then into every other pocket about me, except my two fobs, and another secret pocket, which I had no mind should be searched, wherein I had some little necessaries that were of no consequence to any but myself. In one of my fobs there was a silver watch, and in the other a small quantity of gold in a purse. These gentlemen, having pen, ink, and paper, about them, made an exact inventory of every thing they saw; and when they had done, desired I would set them down, that they might deliver it to the emperor. This inventory I afterwards translated into English, and is, word for word, as follows:% Imprimis: In the right coat-pocket of the great man-mountain” (for so I interpret the words quinbus flestrin,) “after the strictest search, we found only one great piece of coarse-cloth, large enough to be a footcloth for your majesty’s chief room of state. In the left pocket we saw a huge silver chest, with a cover of the same metal, which we, the searchers, were not able to lift. We desired it should be opened, and one of us stepping into it, found himself up to the mid leg in a sort of dust, some part whereof flying up to our faces set us both a sneezing for several times together. In his right waistcoat-pocket we found a prodigious bundle of white thin substances, folded one over another, about the bigness of three men, tied with a strong cable, and marked with black figures; which we humbly conceive to be writings, every letter almost half as large as the palm of our hands. In the left there was a sort of engine, from the back of which were extended twenty long poles, resembling the pallisados before your majesty’s court: wherewith we conjecture the man-mountain combs his head; for we did not always

Korean bundle: 꾸러미, 다발, 다발지어 묶다, 묶음, 덩어리, 관속, 거금. conceive: 상상하다, 임신하다, 배다, 이해하다, 마음에 품다, 착상하다, 마 음에품다, 말로표현하다, 라고 생각하 다, 생각하다, 생각해 내다. conjecture: 추측, 추측하다, 어림대고 말하다, 어림짐작, 억측하다, 억측, 판 독, 판독하다. desired: 옳은, 훌륭한, 바랐던, 희망했 던.

emperor: 황제, 동 로마 황제, 서 로마 재고조사, 재고 조사를 하다, 인물조 황제. 사기록. generosity: 관대, 도량이 큼, 활수함, mid: 중앙의, 중간의, 중부의, 중순. 관대한 행위, 아낌 없는 마음씨. palm: 손바닥, 승리, 우승하다, 종려나 humbly: 낮추고, 겸손히. 무의 가지, 종려, 장갑의 손바닥, 야자 ink: 잉크, 먹물, 잉크를 칠하다, 잉크 , 손바닥 모양의 부분, 속여서 안기다, 로 쓰다, 잉크로 더럽히다서명하다, 수척, 종려나무. 인쇄용 잉크. purse: 돈주머니, 돈지갑, 오므라지다, inventory: 재고품, 표, 목록, 재산 목 금전, 상금, 기부금-오므리다, 오므리 록, 재고조사 자산, 재고품의 총가격, 다, 동식물 따위의 낭, 오그라들다, 입 재고품목록, 천연자원 재고 일람표, 술을 오므리다, 낭.

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trouble him with questions, because we found it a great difficulty to make %him understand us. In the large pocket, on the right side of his middle cover” (so I translate the word ranfulo, by which they meant my breeches,) “we saw a hollow pillar of iron, about the length of a man, fastened to a strong piece of timber larger than the pillar; and upon one side of the pillar, were huge pieces of iron sticking out, cut into strange figures, which we know not what to make of. In the left pocket, another engine of the same kind. In the smaller pocket on the right side, were several round flat pieces of white and red metal, of different bulk; some of the white, which seemed to be silver, were so large and heavy, that my comrade and I could hardly lift them. In the left pocket were two black pillars irregularly shaped: we could not, without difficulty, reach the top of them, as we stood at the bottom of his pocket. One of them was covered, and seemed all of a piece: but at the upper end of the other there appeared a white round substance, about twice the bigness of our heads. Within each of these was enclosed a prodigious plate of steel; which, by our orders, we obliged him to show us, because we apprehended they might be dangerous engines. He took them out of their cases, and told us, that in his own country his practice was to shave his beard with one of these, and cut his meat with the other. There were two pockets which we could not enter: these he called his fobs; they were two large slits cut into the top of his middle cover, but squeezed close by the pressure of his belly. Out of the right fob hung a great silver chain, with a wonderful kind of engine at the bottom. We directed him to draw out whatever was at the end of that chain; which appeared to be a globe, half silver, and half of some transparent metal; for, on the transparent side, we saw certain strange figures circularly drawn, and thought we could touch them, till we found our fingers stopped by the lucid substance. He put this engine into our ears, which made an incessant noise, like that of a water-mill: and we conjecture it is either some unknown animal, or the god that he worships; but we are more inclined to the latter opinion, because he assured us, (if we understood

Korean circularly: 둥글게, 순환적으로, 원을 이루어. comrade: 동무, 동지, 친구, 동료, 동료 다운, 전우, 조합원. fob: 속이다, 바지의 시계 주머니, 바지 의시계주머니, 시계줄, 시계 리본, 시 계줄에 다는 조그마한 장식물, 시계끈 , 시계 등을 넣는 조그마한 주머니, 본 선 인도. globe: 지구, 공, 지구의, 공 모양의 물 건, 구체, 공 모양으로 하다, 공 모양

의 것. incessant: 끊임없는, 간단 없는, 그칠 새 없는, 끊임 없는. irregularly: 불규칙하게, 비정규적으로 , 불규칙적으로, 부정기적으로, 고르 지 않게. lucid: 맑은, 명백한, 투명한, 빛나는, 뚜렷한, 의식 따위가 뚜렷한. pillar: 기둥, 주석, 기둥 모양의 것, 기 둥 모양의 우체통, 기둥으로 받치다, 붉은 기둥 모양의 우체통.

shave: 깎다, 면도, 면도하다, 밀다, 스 쳐지나가다, 깎음, 깎은 부스러기, 깎 는 연장, 수염을 깎다, 엷게 자르다, 스치다. translate: 번역하다, 옮기다, 해석하다, 고쳐 만들다, 이동시키다, 이동하다, 헌 재료로 만들다, 헌 옷 등을 만들다, 헌 구두 만들다, 중계하다, 병진시키 다. transparent: 투명한, 솔직한, 명료한, 빤히 들여다뵈는, 명백한, 명쾌한.

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him right, for he expressed himself very imperfectly) that he seldom did any thing without consulting it. He called it his oracle, and said, it pointed out the time for every action of his life. From the left fob he took out a net almost large enough for a fisherman, but contrived to open and shut like a purse, and served him for the same use: we found therein several massy pieces of yellow metal, which, if they be real gold, must be of immense value.% Having thus, in obedience to your majesty’s commands, diligently searched all his pockets, we observed a girdle about his waist made of the hide of some prodigious animal, from which, on the left side, hung a sword of the length of five men; and on the right, a bag or pouch divided into two cells, each cell capable of holding three of your majesty’s subjects. In one of these cells were several globes, or balls, of a most ponderous metal, about the bigness of our heads, and requiring a strong hand to lift them: the other cell contained a heap of certain black grains, but of no great bulk or weight, for we could hold above fifty of them in the palms of our hands. This is an exact inventory of what we found about the body of the man-mountain, who used us with great civility, and due respect to your majesty’s commission. Signed and sealed on the fourth day of the eightyninth moon of your majesty’s auspicious reign. CLEFRIN FRELOCK MARSI FRELOCK When this inventory was read over to the emperor, he directed me, although in very gentle terms, to deliver up the several particulars. He first called for my scimitar, which I took out, scabbard and all. In the mean time he ordered three thousand of his choicest troops (who then attended him) to surround me at a distance, with their bows and arrows just ready to discharge; but I did not observe it, for mine eyes were wholly fixed upon his majesty. He then desired me to draw my scimitar, which, although it had got some rust by the sea water, was, in most parts, exceeding bright. I did so, and immediately all the troops gave a

Korean auspicious: 행운의, 길조의, 상서로운, 경사스러운. contrived: 부자연스러운, 인위적인. diligently: 부지런히, 애써, 근면하게, 부지런하게, 열심히. fisherman: 어부, 어선. girdle: 거들, 두르는것, 둘러싸다, 의 나무껍질을 고리모양으로 벗기다, 띠, 띠로 조르다, 일주하다, 황도대. globes: 유방. imperfectly: 미완료의, 불완전한, 불완

전하게, 미완성의, 불충분하게. massy: 실팍한, 무거운, 크고 무거운, 용모 따위가 야무진, 덩어리 모양의, 야무진, 체격 따위가 야무진, 크고 단 단한. oracle: 신탁, 현인, 사람, 철인, 오러클, 신명. ponderous: 육중한, 다루기 힘든, 답답 한, 대단히 무거운, 묵직한, 매우 무거 운. pouch: 작은 주머니, 자루처럼 만들다,

주머니에 넣다, 주머니, 자루 모양으 로 되다, 오므라지게 하다-자루 모양 으로 되다, 오므라지게 하다, 주머니 모양이 되다, 주머니-주머니에 넣다, 처진 살, 눈 밑의 처진 살. rust: 녹, 녹슬다, 녹병에 걸리다, 녹병, 무활동, 녹슬게 하다, 녹병균, 녹빛이 되다, 녹빛, 나쁜 습관, 둔해지다. scimitar: 언월도, 초승달처럼 굽은 칼. therein: 그 속에, 그 점에서, 그 가운데 에.

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shout between terror and surprise; for the sun shone clear, and the reflection dazzled their eyes, as I waved the scimitar to and fro in my hand. His majesty, who %is a most magnanimous prince, was less daunted than I could expect: he ordered me to return it into the scabbard, and cast it on the ground as gently as I could, about six feet from the end of my chain. The next thing he demanded was one of the hollow iron pillars; by which he meant my pocket pistols. I drew it out, and at his desire, as well as I could, expressed to him the use of it; and charging it only with powder, which, by the closeness of my pouch, happened to escape wetting in the sea (an inconvenience against which all prudent mariners take special care to provide,) I first cautioned the emperor not to be afraid, and then I let it off in the air. The astonishment here was much greater than at the sight of my scimitar. Hundreds fell down as if they had been struck dead; and even the emperor, although he stood his ground, could not recover himself for some time. I delivered up both my pistols in the same manner as I had done my scimitar, and then my pouch of powder and bullets; begging him that the former might be kept from fire, for it would kindle with the smallest spark, and blow up his imperial palace into the air. I likewise delivered up my watch, which the emperor was very curious to see, and commanded two of his tallest yeomen of the guards to bear it on a pole upon their shoulders, as draymen in England do a barrel of ale. He was amazed at the continual noise it made, and the motion of the minute-hand, which he could easily discern; for their sight is much more acute than ours: he asked the opinions of his learned men about it, which were various and remote, as the reader may well imagine without my repeating; although indeed I could not very perfectly understand them. I then gave up my silver and copper money, my purse, with nine large pieces of gold, and some smaller ones; my knife and razor, my comb and silver snuff-box, my handkerchief and journal-book. My scimitar, pistols, and pouch, were conveyed in carriages to his majesty’s stores; but the rest of my goods were returned me. I had as I before observed, one private pocket, which escaped their search, wherein there was a pair of spectacles (which I sometimes use for the weakness of mine eyes,) a pocket perspective, and some other little conveniences; which, being of no consequence to the emperor, I did not think myself bound in honour

Korean ale: 맥주, 에일 맥주. begging: 구걸, 구걸하는, 거지 생활. closeness: 인색, 접근, 정확, 밀폐, 올 이 고움, 근사, 친밀, 엄밀, 숨막힘, 답 답함, 엄밀한. comb: 빗, 빗질하다, 벌집, 볏, 철저히 수색하다, 물마루를 일으키며 굽이치 다, 샅샅이 뒤지어 찾다-굽이치다, 소 면기, 빗 모양의 물건, 부서지다, 볏빗다. conveniences: 의식주의 편리.

discern: 분간하다, 지각하다, 인식하 다, 차이를 알다, 뚜렷하게 인식하다, 보고 분간하다, 식별하다. fro: 이리저리, 저쪽에, 앞뒤로, 저쪽으 로. inconvenience: 불편, 부자유, 폐, 귀찮 음, 불편을 느끼게하다, 불편을 주다, 불편한것, 폐를 끼치다, 귀찮은 일, 불 편한 것, 에게 불편을 느끼게 하다. kindle: 타오르게 하다, 빛나다, 점화 하다, 불을 붙이다, 밝게 하다, 불이

붙다, 흥분하다, 얼굴 따위가 빛나다, 정열 따위를 타오르게 하다, 불붙다, 태우다. magnanimous: 도량이 넓은, 아량 있 는, 도량이 큰. razor: 면도칼, 면도기, 에 면도칼을 대 다. spark: 불꽃, 구애하다, 의 도화선이 되 다, 생기, 스파크, 불똥, 활기을 주다, 정부, 점화 장치, 연인, 색골. spectacles: 안경.

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to discover, and I apprehended they might be lost or spoiled if I ventured them out of my possession. %

Korean discover: 발견하다, 밝히다, 찾아내다, 나타내다, 발견자, 내색하다. lost: 진, 허비한, 잃은, 놓친, 길잃은, 정신팔린, 죽인, 파멸된, 잃어버린, 헛 되이, 죽은. possession: 소유, 영지, 점유, 편애, 선 입관, 속령, 소유물, 자제, 소유물.재 산, 재산, 흘림.

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%III

[The author diverts the emperor, and his nobility of both sexes, in a very uncommon manner. The diversions of the court of Lilliput described. The author has his liberty granted him upon certain conditions.]

My gentleness and good behaviour had gained so far on the emperor and his court, and indeed upon the army and people in general, that I began to conceive hopes of getting my liberty in a short time. I took all possible methods to cultivate this favourable disposition. The natives came, by degrees, to be less apprehensive of any danger from me. I would sometimes lie down, and let five or six of them dance on my hand; and at last the boys and girls would venture to come and play at hide-and-seek in my hair. I had now made a good progress in understanding and speaking the language. The emperor had a mind one day to entertain me with several of the country shows, wherein they exceed all nations I have known, both for dexterity and magnificence. I was diverted with none so much as that of the rope-dancers, performed upon a slender white thread, extended about two feet, and twelve inches from the ground. Upon which I shall desire liberty, with the reader’s patience, to enlarge a little. This diversion is only practised by those persons who are candidates for great employments, and high favour at court. They are trained in this art from their youth, and are not always of noble birth, or liberal education. When a great

Korean apprehensive: 근심하는, 우려하는, 우 려하여, 이해가 빠른. cultivate: 경작하다, 재배하다, 교화하 다, 구하다, 기르다, 양성하다, 갈다, 연마하다, 우아한, 교화된, 교양있는. diversion: 견제, 전환, 기분 전환, 오락 , 우회로, 양동 작전, 양동, 견제 작전, 기분. enlarge: 넓어지다, 퍼지다, 확대하다, 부연하다, 상세하게 설명하다, 석방하 다, 크게 하다, 확장하다.

entertain: 대접하다, 품다, 즐겁게하다 , 유쾌한, 재미있는, 즐겁게 하다, 간 직하다, 호의로써 받아들이다, 환대하 다. exceed: 넘다, 초과하다, 탁월하다, 도 를 넘다, 보다 크다, 우월하다, 의 한 도를 넘다. gentleness: 친절, 온순, 과격하지 않음 , 온화함, 상냥함, 부드러움, 안은, 정 다움. hide-and-seek: 숨바꼭질.

nations: 근대 민족 국가, 민족 국가. none: 아무도 ... 않다. patience: 인내, 끈기, 혼자 노는 카드 놀이, 혼자 하는 카드 놀이, 혼자서 놀 기, 트럼프 따위 혼자서 놀기. practised: 연습을 쌓은, 경험이 있는. thread: 실, 실에 꿰다, 실을 꿰다, 재봉 실, 나삿니를 내다, 섬유, 끈 실, 섬조, 누비듯이지나가다, 연속, 가는 것. uncommon: 드문, 비범한, 이상한, 흔 하지 않은, 보통 아닌.

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office is vacant, either by death or disgrace (which often happens,) five or six of those candidates petition the emperor to entertain his majesty and the court with a dance on the rope; and whoever jumps the highest, without falling, succeeds in the office. Very often the chief ministers themselves are commanded to show their skill, and to convince the emperor that they have not lost their faculty. Flimnap, the treasurer, is allowed to cut a caper on the straight rope, at least an inch higher than any other lord in the whole empire. I have seen him do the summerset several times together, upon a trencher fixed on a rope which is no thicker than a common packthread in England. My friend Reldresal, principal secretary for private affairs, is, in my opinion, if I am not partial, the second after the treasurer; the rest of the great officers are much upon a par.% These diversions are often attended with fatal accidents, whereof great numbers are on record. I myself have seen two or three candidates break a limb. But the danger is much greater, when the ministers themselves are commanded to show their dexterity; for, by contending to excel themselves and their fellows, they strain so far that there is hardly one of them who has not received a fall, and some of them two or three. I was assured that, a year or two before my arrival, Flimnap would infallibly have broke his neck, if one of the king’s cushions, that accidentally lay on the ground, had not weakened the force of his fall. There is likewise another diversion, which is only shown before the emperor and empress, and first minister, upon particular occasions. The emperor lays on the table three fine silken threads of six inches long; one is blue, the other red, and the third green. These threads are proposed as prizes for those persons whom the emperor has a mind to distinguish by a peculiar mark of his favour. The ceremony is performed in his majesty’s great chamber of state, where the candidates are to undergo a trial of dexterity very different from the former, and such as I have not observed the least resemblance of in any other country of the new or old world. The emperor holds a stick in his hands, both ends parallel to the horizon, while the candidates advancing, one by one, sometimes leap over the stick, sometimes creep under it, backward and forward, several times, according as the stick is advanced or depressed. Sometimes the emperor holds

Korean accidentally: 우연히, 뜻밖에, 뜻하지 않게, 우윤히. backward: 거꾸로의, 싫어하는, 뒤로 의, 개약의, 뒤로, 개악의, 거꾸로, 발 전이 늦은, 후방의, 후방으로, 퇴보하 여. caper: 신나게 뛰놀기, 신나게 뛰놀다, 바람잡이, 희롱거리다, 풍조목의 관목 , 절정, 범죄계획유럽풍의 조목, 강도, 값을 올려 부르는 한패, 끝장, 깡총거 리다.

disgrace: 창피, 치욕, 욕보이다, 눈 밖 에 나 있음, 불명예, 수치가 되다, 총 애를 잃게 하다, 망신시키는 것. excel: 능가하다, 뛰어나다, 빼어나다. infallibly: 오류가 없는, 전혀 잘못이 없는, 절대 확실한. limb: 수족, 날개, 팔, 의 가지를자르다 , 앞이, 가장자리, 구, 달 따위의 가장 자리, 문장의 구, 엽변, 의 손발을 끊 다. occasions: 용무.

silken: 비단의, 사치스러운, 반드러운, 비단 같은, 비단옷을 입은, 부드러운, 비단 옷을 입은, 입에 감치는, 견모가 밀생한, 명주 같은, 명주의. summerset: 공중 회전. trencher: 나무접시, 도랑을 파는 사람, 참호병, 써는 데 쓰는 목판, 음식, 도 랑 파는 사람, 호 파는 사람, 대학의 각모, 나무 쟁반. undergo: 견디다, 받다, 당하다, 경험 하다, 만나다, 겪다, 격다.

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one end of the stick, and his first minister the other; sometimes the minister has it entirely to himself. Whoever performs his part with most agility, and holds out the longest in leaping and creeping, is rewarded with the blue-coloured silk; the red is given to the next, and the green to the third, which they all wear girt twice round about the middle; and you see few great persons about this court who are not adorned with one of these girdles.% The horses of the army, and those of the royal stables, having been daily led before me, were no longer shy, but would come up to my very feet without starting. The riders would leap them over my hand, as I held it on the ground; and one of the emperor’s huntsmen, upon a large courser, took my foot, shoe and all; which was indeed a prodigious leap. I had the good fortune to divert the emperor one day after a very extraordinary manner. I desired he would order several sticks of two feet high, and the thickness of an ordinary cane, to be brought me; whereupon his majesty commanded the master of his woods to give directions accordingly; and the next morning six woodmen arrived with as many carriages, drawn by eight horses to each. I took nine of these sticks, and fixing them firmly in the ground in a quadrangular figure, two feet and a half square, I took four other sticks, and tied them parallel at each corner, about two feet from the ground; then I fastened my handkerchief to the nine sticks that stood erect; and extended it on all sides, till it was tight as the top of a drum; and the four parallel sticks, rising about five inches higher than the handkerchief, served as ledges on each side. When I had finished my work, I desired the emperor to let a troop of his best horses twenty-four in number, come and exercise upon this plain. His majesty approved of the proposal, and I took them up, one by one, in my hands, ready mounted and armed, with the proper officers to exercise them. As soon as they got into order they divided into two parties, performed mock skirmishes, discharged blunt arrows, drew their swords, fled and pursued, attacked and retired, and in short discovered the best military discipline I ever beheld. The parallel sticks secured them and their horses from falling over the stage; and the emperor was so much delighted, that he ordered this entertainment to be repeated several days, and once was pleased to be lifted up and give the word of command; and with great difficulty persuaded even the

Korean agility: 민첩, 명민함, 명쾌함, 기민. creeping: 탐해법, 남몰래 빌붙는, 기어 blunt: 날 없는, 무디어지다, 날이무딘, 돌아다니는, 아첨, 느린, 근질근질한 들지 않는-무디게하다, 둔하게 하다, 느낌, 기기, 근질근질하는, 포복, 잠행 무뚝뚝한, 퉁명스러운, 둔하게 되다, 성의, 은밀한. 들지 않는, 무디게하다, 무딘. divert: 기분을전환하다, 즐겁게하다, cane: 지팡이, 회초리, 줄기, 매질하다, 전환하다, 돌리다, 전용하다, 기분 전 등나무로 만들다, 등나무 무리, 가볍 환을 시키다, 다른 대상을 향하게 하 고 가는 지팡이, 대, 유리막대, 매로 다. 치다, 등. erect: 건립하다, 꼿꼿이 세우다, 꼿꼿 courser: 준마, 군마, 사냥개, 사냥하는 이선, 똑바로 선, 세우다, 승격시키다, 사람, 제비물떼새, 사냥꾼. 서다, 조립하다, 직립시키다, 창설하

다, 곤두서서. fixing: 고정, 설비, 정착, 비품, 설치, 조정. handkerchief: 손수건. quadrangular: 사변형의, 사각형의, 변 형의. troop: 군대, 수송하다, 사귀다, 떼, 모 이다, 편성하다, 일단 무리, 몰리다, 떼지어 나가다, 대, 기병 중대. whoever: 하는 사람은 누구든, 도대체 누가, 누구나, 도대체 누구를.

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empress herself to let me hold her in her close chair within two yards of the stage, when she was able to take a full view of the whole performance. It was my good fortune, that no ill accident happened in these entertainments; only once a fiery horse, that belonged to one of the captains, pawing with his hoof, struck a hole in my handkerchief, and his foot slipping, he overthrew his rider and himself; but I immediately relieved them both, and covering the hole with one hand, I set down the troop with the other, in the same manner as I took them up. The horse that fell was strained in the left shoulder, but the rider got no hurt; and I repaired my handkerchief as well as I could: however, I would not trust to the strength of it any more, in such dangerous enterprises.% About two or three days before I was set at liberty, as I was entertaining the court with this kind of feat, there arrived an express to inform his majesty, that some of his subjects, riding near the place where I was first taken up, had seen a great black substance lying on the around, very oddly shaped, extending its edges round, as wide as his majesty’s bedchamber, and rising up in the middle as high as a man; that it was no living creature, as they at first apprehended, for it lay on the grass without motion; and some of them had walked round it several times; that, by mounting upon each other’s shoulders, they had got to the top, which was flat and even, and, stamping upon it, they found that it was hollow within; that they humbly conceived it might be something belonging to the man-mountain; and if his majesty pleased, they would undertake to bring it with only five horses. I presently knew what they meant, and was glad at heart to receive this intelligence. It seems, upon my first reaching the shore after our shipwreck, I was in such confusion, that before I came to the place where I went to sleep, my hat, which I had fastened with a string to my head while I was rowing, and had stuck on all the time I was swimming, fell off after I came to land; the string, as I conjecture, breaking by some accident, which I never observed, but thought my hat had been lost at sea. I entreated his imperial majesty to give orders it might be brought to me as soon as possible, describing to him the use and the nature of it: and the next day the waggoners arrived with it, but not in a very good condition; they had bored two holes in the brim, within an inch and half of the edge, and fastened two hooks in the holes; these hooks

Korean bedchamber: 침실, 침실용의, 통근자 가 사는. brim: 가장자리, 양테, 가득채우다, 넘 치다, 그릇의 가장자리, 가득 붓다. feat: 묘기, 공적, 위엄, 위업, 적당한, 업적. fiery: 불의, 염증을 일으킨, 불빛의, 불 같은, 불타고있는, 격하기 쉬운, 작열 하는, 열렬한, 얼얼한, 인화하기 쉬운, 폭발하기 쉬운. hollow: 구멍, 우묵한 곳, 공허한, 골짜

기, 거짓의, 도려내다, 속이 텅빈, 우 묵 들어가다, 힘없는, 우묵 들어간, 공 복의. hoof: 걷다, 발굽으로 차다, 춤추다, 굽 , 발굽. oddly: 기묘하게, 기이하게, 홀수로, 기 수로, 나머지가 되어, 짝 안 맞게, 기 묘하게도, 흘수로. presently: 현재, 이내, 목하, 곧, 이윽 고, 얼마 안되어, 곧바로. rider: 기수, 타는 사람, 손잡이, 추서,

계, 차를 모는 사람, 타는사람, 추가조 항, 추가 조항, 첨서, 첨부서류. rowing: 로잉, 배젓기, 저정용의, 조정. shaped: 모양지어진. shipwreck: 난파, 파멸하다, 과멸, 과 선하다, 파선, 난파하다, 난파선, 파멸 시키다, 파멸, 난파선의 잔해, 난선하 다. strained: 억지의, 팽팽한, 긴박한, 긴 장한, 긴장된, 억지로 지어낸, 부자연 스러운.

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were tied by a long cord to the harness, and thus my hat was dragged along for above half an English mile; but, the ground in that country being extremely smooth and level, it received less damage than I expected.% Two days after this adventure, the emperor, having ordered that part of his army which quarters in and about his metropolis, to be in readiness, took a fancy of diverting himself in a very singular manner. He desired I would stand like a Colossus, with my legs as far asunder as I conveniently could. He then commanded his general (who was an old experienced leader, and a great patron of mine) to draw up the troops in close order, and march them under me; the foot by twenty-four abreast, and the horse by sixteen, with drums beating, colours flying, and pikes advanced. This body consisted of three thousand foot, and a thousand horse. His majesty gave orders, upon pain of death, that every soldier in his march should observe the strictest decency with regard to my person; which however could not prevent some of the younger officers from turning up their eyes as they passed under me: and, to confess the truth, my breeches were at that time in so ill a condition, that they afforded some opportunities for laughter and admiration. I had sent so many memorials and petitions for my liberty, that his majesty at length mentioned the matter, first in the cabinet, and then in a full council; where it was opposed by none, except Skyresh Bolgolam, who was pleased, without any provocation, to be my mortal enemy. But it was carried against him by the whole board, and confirmed by the emperor. That minister was galbet, or admiral of the realm, very much in his master’s confidence, and a person well versed in affairs, but of a morose and sour complexion. However, he was at length persuaded to comply; but prevailed that the articles and conditions upon which I should be set free, and to which I must swear, should be drawn up by himself. These articles were brought to me by Skyresh Bolgolam in person attended by two under-secretaries, and several persons of distinction. After they were read, I was demanded to swear to the performance of them; first in the manner of my own country, and afterwards in the method prescribed by their laws; which was, to hold my right foot in my left hand, and to place the middle

Korean abreast: 나란히, 어깨를 나란히 하여, 옆으로 나란히. asunder: 파라광이의 수도, 따로따로, 따로따로 떨어져, 떨어져서, 조각조각 , 조각조각으로, 떨어져. breeches: 승마용 바지, 반바지, 승마 바지, 바지. diverting: 기분 전환이 되는, 재미있는 , 즐거운, 심심풀이의, 재미나는. harness: 마구, 마구를 채우다, 이용하 다, 갑옷, 설비, 집무중에, 동력화하다

. memorials: 기록. morose: 시무룩한, 까다로운, 부질없 는, 꾀까다로운. mortal: 치명적인, 인간의, 인간, 불치 의, 길고 긴, 생각할 수 있는, 지루한, 죽어야 할, 죽어야 할 것, 사람, 가능 한-죽어야 할 것. prescribed: 규정된, 미리 정해진. provocation: 자극, 성나게 함, 성남, 화, 성나게 하기, 화나게 하는 것.

readiness: 신속, 준비, 쾌락, 준비성, 준비가 되어 있음, 용이, 자진해서함, 재빠름. singular: 단수, 단 하나의, 단수의, 현 저한, 각각의 단수의, 보통이 아닌 단 수, 멋진, 이상한, 개개의, 훌륭한, 단 수형. sour: 신 것, 신, 사워, 까다로운, 시게 하다, 지르릉하게 하다, 찌무룩한, 시 큼한, 산패한, 발효한, 냉습한. versed: 숙달한, 에 환한, 정통한.

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finger of my right hand on the crown of my head, and my thumb on the tip of my right ear. But because the reader may be curious to have some idea of the style and manner of expression peculiar to that people, as well as to know the article upon which I recovered my liberty, I have made a translation of the whole instrument, word for word, as near as I was able, which I here offer to the public.% “Golbasto Momarem Evlame Gurdilo Shefin Mully Ully Gue, most mighty Emperor of Lilliput, delight and terror of the universe, whose dominions extend five thousand blustrugs (about twelve miles in circumference) to the extremities of the globe; monarch of all monarchs, taller than the sons of men; whose feet press down to the centre, and whose head strikes against the sun; at whose nod the princes of the earth shake their knees; pleasant as the spring, comfortable as the summer, fruitful as autumn, dreadful as winter: his most sublime majesty proposes to the man-mountain, lately arrived at our celestial dominions, the following articles, which, by a solemn oath, he shall be obliged to perform:— “1st, The man-mountain shall not depart from our dominions, without our license under our great seal. “2d, He shall not presume to come into our metropolis, without our express order; at which time, the inhabitants shall have two hours warning to keep within doors. “3d, The said man-mountain shall confine his walks to our principal high roads, and not offer to walk, or lie down, in a meadow or field of corn. “4th, As he walks the said roads, he shall take the utmost care not to trample upon the bodies of any of our loving subjects, their horses, or carriages, nor take any of our subjects into his hands without their own consent. “5th, If an express requires extraordinary despatch, the man-mountain shall be obliged to carry, in his pocket, the messenger and horse a six days journey, once in every moon, and return the said messenger back (if so required) safe to our imperial presence.

Korean celestial: 하늘의, 천인, 중국의, 중국 인, 천국의, 천상의, 천사, 천체의, 신 성한-중국인, 거룩한, 천국같은. circumference: 원주, 주위, 주변, 주변 의 길이, 경계선, 범위, 영역, 주변의 거리. confine: 가두다, 감금하다, 경계, 제한 하다, 한정하다, 감금, 범위, 억류, 영 역, 제한, 국경. depart: 벗어나다, 출발하다, 떠나다, 빗나가다, 세상을 떠나다.

extremities: 앞끝, 최후, 사지, 극도, 극 단책, 말단. fruitful: 비옥한, 다산인, 열매가잘 열 리는, 열매가잘열리는, 이익이 많은, 수확이 많은, 열매를 많이 맺는, 풍작 을 가져오는. meadow: 목초지, 강변의 낮은 풀밭. messenger: 심부름꾼, 선구, 연줄에 달 아 바람에 울게 하는 종이, 전조, 사자 . oath: 맹세, 선서, 저주, 신의 이름을 남

용하기, 욕설. solemn: 엄숙한, 정식의, 격식 차린, 신 성한, 종교 상의, 진지한, 심각한 표정 의, 종교상의, 중대한. sublime: 고상하게 하다, 장엄한, 승화 시키다, 고상한, 숭고, 장엄, 숭고하다 , 승화하다, 고상하게 되다, 웅대한, 최고의. trample: 짓밟다, 짓밟음, 유린하다, 심 하게 다루다, 짓밟는 소리, 무시하다, 내리 밟다.

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“6th, He shall be our ally against our enemies in the island of Blefuscu, and do his utmost to destroy their fleet, which is now preparing to invade us.% “7th, That the said man-mountain shall, at his times of leisure, be aiding and assisting to our workmen, in helping to raise certain great stones, towards covering the wall of the principal park, and other our royal buildings. “8th, That the said man-mountain shall, in two moons’ time, deliver in an exact survey of the circumference of our dominions, by a computation of his own paces round the coast. “Lastly, That, upon his solemn oath to observe all the above articles, the said man-mountain shall have a daily allowance of meat and drink sufficient for the support of 1724 of our subjects, with free access to our royal person, and other marks of our favour. Given at our palace at Belfaborac, the twelfth day of the ninety-first moon of our reign.” I swore and subscribed to these articles with great cheerfulness and content, although some of them were not so honourable as I could have wished; which proceeded wholly from the malice of Skyresh Bolgolam, the high-admiral: whereupon my chains were immediately unlocked, and I was at full liberty. The emperor himself, in person, did me the honour to be by at the whole ceremony. I made my acknowledgements by prostrating myself at his majesty’s feet: but he commanded me to rise; and after many gracious expressions, which, to avoid the censure of vanity, I shall not repeat, he added, “that he hoped I should prove a useful servant, and well deserve all the favours he had already conferred upon me, or might do for the future.” The reader may please to observe, that, in the last article of the recovery of my liberty, the emperor stipulates to allow me a quantity of meat and drink sufficient for the support of 1724 Lilliputians. Some time after, asking a friend at court how they came to fix on that determinate number, he told me that his majesty’s mathematicians, having taken the height of my body by the help of a quadrant, and finding it to exceed theirs in the proportion of twelve to one, they concluded from the similarity of their bodies, that mine must contain at least 1724 of theirs, and consequently would require as much food as was necessary to

Korean ally: 동맹하다, 친척이다-동맹자, 결 연하다, 동류의, 원조자, 연합하다, 제 휴시키다, 연합시키다, 동맹국, 결합 시키다, 결연시키다. cheerfulness: 쾌활하는 것. deserve: 값어치가 있다, 받을 만하다, 할 만하다. fix: 고정시키다, 결정하다, 수리하다, 준비하다, 집중시키다, 정착시키다, 조리하다, 지우다, 곤경, 마련하다, 위 치.

gracious: 상냥한, 친절한, 정중한, 우 아한, 기품 있는, 자비로운, 관대한, 존귀한, 품위있는, 우미한, 유익한. honourable: 고귀한, 명예로운, 존경할 만한, 고위의, 영광의, 존경할 만한. invade: 침입하다, 침해하다, 침략하다 , 쳐들어가다, 퍼지다, 밀어닥치다, 충 만하다, 몰려들다침범하다, 대거몰려 오다, 내습하다. malice: 악의, 해칠 마음, 범의, 적극적 인 악의.

marks: 득점, 자취. quadrant: 사분면, 사분의, 사분원. similarity: 유사, 비슷함, 상사. theirs: 그들의 것. twelfth: 제 12, 팔월 십이일, 제십일, 열두번째의 것, 열두번째의, 열두도, 십이분의 한의, 십이분의, 열두번째의 사람. vanity: 공허, 화장대, 무가치, 허영, 무 익, 허영심, 허무함, 허황한 것, 휴대 용 화장품 상자.

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support that number of Lilliputians. By which the reader may conceive an idea of the ingenuity of that people, as well as the prudent and exact economy of so great a prince.%

Korean conceive: 상상하다, 임신하다, 배다, 재주, 발명의재주, 독창력, 교묘, 고안 이해하다, 마음에 품다, 착상하다, 마 력, 발명의 재질. 음에품다, 말로표현하다, 라고 생각하 prudent: 신중한, 조심성 있는, 분별 다, 생각하다, 생각해 내다. 있는, 조심스러운. economy: 경제, 절약, 검약, 유기적 조 reader: 독본, 강사, 리더, 독자, 독서가 직, 섭리, 조화, 경제 기구, 이법, 경제 , 판독기, 낭독자, 교정원, 읽는 사람, 적으로 쓰기. 대학 조교, 교정자. exact: 강요하다, 정밀한, 꼼꼼한, 정확 한, 엄격한, 엄밀한, 까다로운, 엄하게 요구하다, 엄중한, 적확한. ingenuity: 발명의 재간, 정교, 교묘함,

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%IV

[Mildendo, the metropolis of Lilliput, described, together with the emperor’s palace. A conversation between the author and a principal secretary, concerning the affairs of that empire. The author’s offers to serve the emperor in his wars.]

The first request I made, after I had obtained my liberty, was, that I might have license to see Mildendo, the metropolis; which the emperor easily granted me, but with a special charge to do no hurt either to the inhabitants or their houses. The people had notice, by proclamation, of my design to visit the town. The wall which encompassed it is two feet and a half high, and at least eleven inches broad, so that a coach and horses may be driven very safely round it; and it is flanked with strong towers at ten feet distance. I stepped over the great western gate, and passed very gently, and sidling, through the two principal streets, only in my short waistcoat, for fear of damaging the roofs and eaves of the houses with the skirts of my coat. I walked with the utmost circumspection, to avoid treading on any stragglers who might remain in the streets, although the orders were very strict, that all people should keep in their houses, at their own peril. The garret windows and tops of houses were so crowded with spectators, that I thought in all my travels I had not seen a more populous place. The city is an exact square, each side of the wall being five hundred feet long. The two great streets, which run across and divide it into four quarters, are five feet wide. The

Korean circumspection: 세심한 주의, 신중, 주 의 깊은, 용의주도함, 용의 주도한. coach: 함미실, 코치, 객차, 장거리 버 스, 주루코치, 지도원, 지도하다, 코치 를 받다, 이코노미클라스, 코치-코치 하다, 수험 준비를 해 주다. concerning: 에 관하여, -에 관하여. crowded: 붐비는, 혼잡한, 만원의, 파 란 만장의, 다사다난한, 붐비다, 장소 가 가득 차서, 가득 차서. damaging: 불리한 진술, 손해를 끼치

는, 해로운. divide: 분배하다, 분리하다, 나누다, 갈라지다, 가르다, 대립시키다, 표결 하다, 표결하다-분수계, 분수계, 분류 하다, 분계. eaves: 처마. garret: 다락방, 머리, 제일윗층, 초라한 작은 방, 고미다락. orders: 명령, 성직. peril: 위험, 위험에 빠뜨리다, 모험. populous: 인구 조밀한, 인구가 조밀

한. principal: 원금, 교장, 우두머리, 주범, 회장, 사장, 원금의, 기본 재산, 가장 중요한, 주된, 주요한. quarters: 병사. safely: 몹시 조심하는, 무사한, 믿을 수 있는, 틀림없는, 안전한, 안전하게. strict: 엄한, 절대적인, 정확한, 엄격한, 긴장된, 엄밀한, 완전한. tops: 최상의. waistcoat: 조끼, 양복 조끼.

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lanes and alleys, which I could not enter, but only view them as I passed, are from twelve to eighteen inches. The town is capable of holding five hundred thousand souls: the houses are from three to five stories: the shops and markets well provided.% The emperor’s palace is in the centre of the city where the two great streets meet. It is enclosed by a wall of two feet high, and twenty feet distance from the buildings. I had his majesty’s permission to step over this wall; and, the space being so wide between that and the palace, I could easily view it on every side. The outward court is a square of forty feet, and includes two other courts: in the inmost are the royal apartments, which I was very desirous to see, but found it extremely difficult; for the great gates, from one square into another, were but eighteen inches high, and seven inches wide. Now the buildings of the outer court were at least five feet high, and it was impossible for me to stride over them without infinite damage to the pile, though the walls were strongly built of hewn stone, and four inches thick. At the same time the emperor had a great desire that I should see the magnificence of his palace; but this I was not able to do till three days after, which I spent in cutting down with my knife some of the largest trees in the royal park, about a hundred yards distant from the city. Of these trees I made two stools, each about three feet high, and strong enough to bear my weight. The people having received notice a second time, I went again through the city to the palace with my two stools in my hands. When I came to the side of the outer court, I stood upon one stool, and took the other in my hand; this I lifted over the roof, and gently set it down on the space between the first and second court, which was eight feet wide. I then stept over the building very conveniently from one stool to the other, and drew up the first after me with a hooked stick. By this contrivance I got into the inmost court; and, lying down upon my side, I applied my face to the windows of the middle stories, which were left open on purpose, and discovered the most splendid apartments that can be imagined. There I saw the empress and the young princes, in their several lodgings, with their chief attendants about them. Her imperial majesty was pleased to smile very graciously upon me, and gave me out of the window her hand to kiss.

Korean contrivance: 고안품, 계략, 장치, 계획, 연구, 고안, 모략, 연구의 재간. desirous: 원하는, 바라는. graciously: 우아하게, 상냥하게, 자비 롭게, 고맙게도. hewn: 찍은. hooked: 갈고리 모양의, 훅이 달린, 마 약 중독의, 고리가 달린, 갈고리 모양 으로 구부러진. infinite: 무한의, 막대한, 끝없는, 무한 대, 부정의, 부정형의, 무한한 공간,

무한량, 완전무결한, 무한, 무수한. , 전지, 원자로-쌓아 올리다. inmost: 맨 안쪽의, 가장 깊은, 마음 깊 splendid: 화려한, 빛나는, 훌륭한, 굉 은곳의, 깊이 간직한, 마음 깊이 간직 장한, 근사한, 멋진, 눈부신. 한, 내심의, 가장 깊숙한 곳의, 가장 stool: 그루터기, 발판, 변소, 변보기, 깊은속의. 밑동, 무릎받치는 궤, 걸상 비슷한 물 lodgings: 셋방. 건, 걸상, 후림새의 홰, 창 문지방, 싹 outward: 밖으로 향하는, 바깥쪽의, 육 이 나다. 체의, 외부의, 밖으로, 바깥쪽에, 외부 stride: 쉽사리 헤어나다, 한걸음, 활보 , 밖에, 현세적인. 하다, 큰걸음, 큰 걸음으로 걷다, 성큼 pile: 전퇴, 솜털, 양털, 말뚝 박기, 큰 넘다, 급히 가다, 큰 걸음, 걸터 앉다, 말뚝, 대건축물, 보풀, 재산, 축적하다 한걸음의 폭, 걸터 서다.

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But I shall not anticipate the reader with further descriptions of this kind, because I reserve them for a greater work, which is now almost ready for the press; containing a general description of this empire, from its first erection, through along series of princes; with a particular account of their wars and politics, laws, learning, and religion; their plants and animals; their peculiar manners and customs, with other matters very curious and useful; my chief design at present being only to relate such events and transactions as happened to the public or to myself during a residence of about nine months in that empire.% One morning, about a fortnight after I had obtained my liberty, Reldresal, principal secretary (as they style him) for private affairs, came to my house attended only by one servant. He ordered his coach to wait at a distance, and desired I would give him an hours audience; which I readily consented to, on account of his quality and personal merits, as well as of the many good offices he had done me during my solicitations at court. I offered to lie down that he might the more conveniently reach my ear, but he chose rather to let me hold him in my hand during our conversation. He began with compliments on my liberty; said “he might pretend to some merit in it;” but, however, added, “that if it had not been for the present situation of things at court, perhaps I might not have obtained it so soon. For,” said he, “as flourishing a condition as we may appear to be in to foreigners, we labour under two mighty evils: a violent faction at home, and the danger of an invasion, by a most potent enemy, from abroad. As to the first, you are to understand, that for about seventy moons past there have been two struggling parties in this empire, under the names of Tramecksan and Slamecksan, from the high and low heels of their shoes, by which they distinguish themselves. It is alleged, indeed, that the high heels are most agreeable to our ancient constitution; but, however this be, his majesty has determined to make use only of low heels in the administration of the government, and all offices in the gift of the crown, as you cannot but observe; and particularly that his majesty’s imperial heels are lower at least by a drurr than any of his court (drurr is a measure about the fourteenth part of an inch). The animosities between these two parties run so high, that they will neither eat,

Korean agreeable: 기분 좋은, 유쾌한, 적당한, 어울리는, 쾌이 흥하는, 사근사근한, 마음에 드는, 맞는, 상냥한, 기꺼이 동 의하는. anticipate: 예기하다, 앞지르다, 이르 게 하다, 선수 쓰다, 예견하다, 예상하 다, 을 기대하다, 을 내다보고 근심하 다, 믿고 미리 쓰다, 재촉하다, 앞질러 하다. compliments: 의례적인 인사말. erection: 발기, 직립, 설립, 건립, 건물,

건설, 조립, 건설물. faction: 실록 소설, 당파, 파벌, 도당, 파당, 실화 소설, 당쟁, 당내의 파, 당 내의 당, 내분, 의 뜻. flourishing: 번영하는, 무성하는, 융성 하는, 무성한, 융성한, 무성하는 것. fortnight: 이주일. fourteenth: 열네째의, 제 십사, 열네째 , 열네번째의, 열네번째, 십사분의 하 나의, 십사분의 하나, 제 14 회의 열네 째의.

invasion: 침입, 침해, 침략. merit: 장점, 공적, 공로, 뛰어남, 취할 점, 가치, 공죄, 학교에서 벌점에 대한 상점, 취할만한 점, 시비, 상점. merits: 공적, 당연한 벌, 당연한 상. mighty: 거대한, 강대한, 굉장한, 힘센, 위대한, 몹시, 센, 물체가 센, 사람이 센. potent: 유력한, 힘센, 효력이 있는, 성 적 능력이 있는, 도덕적으로 영향력이 강한, 효험이 있는, 효능이 있는.

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nor %drink, nor talk with each other. We compute the Tramecksan, or high heels, to exceed us in number; but the power is wholly on our side. We apprehend his imperial highness, the heir to the crown, to have some tendency towards the high heels; at least we can plainly discover that one of his heels is higher than the other, which gives him a hobble in his gait. Now, in the midst of these intestine disquiets, we are threatened with an invasion from the island of Blefuscu, which is the other great empire of the universe, almost as large and powerful as this of his majesty. For as to what we have heard you affirm, that there are other kingdoms and states in the world inhabited by human creatures as large as yourself, our philosophers are in much doubt, and would rather conjecture that you dropped from the moon, or one of the stars; because it is certain, that a hundred mortals of your bulk would in a short time destroy all the fruits and cattle of his majesty’s dominions: besides, our histories of six thousand moons make no mention of any other regions than the two great empires of Lilliput and Blefuscu. Which two mighty powers have, as I was going to tell you, been engaged in a most obstinate war for six-and-thirty moons past. It began upon the following occasion. It is allowed on all hands, that the primitive way of breaking eggs, before we eat them, was upon the larger end; but his present majesty’s grandfather, while he was a boy, going to eat an egg, and breaking it according to the ancient practice, happened to cut one of his fingers. Whereupon the emperor his father published an edict, commanding all his subjects, upon great penalties, to break the smaller end of their eggs. The people so highly resented this law, that our histories tell us, there have been six rebellions raised on that account; wherein one emperor lost his life, and another his crown. These civil commotions were constantly fomented by the monarchs of Blefuscu; and when they were quelled, the exiles always fled for refuge to that empire. It is computed that eleven thousand persons have at several times suffered death, rather than submit to break their eggs at the smaller end. Many hundred large volumes have been published upon this controversy: but the books of the Big-endians have been long forbidden, and the whole party rendered incapable by law of holding employments. During the course of these troubles, the emperors of Blefusca did frequently expostulate by their ambassadors, accusing us of making a schism in

Korean accusing: 비난하는, 나무라는, 죄가 있 다고 하는, 책망하는 듯한, 고발하는. affirm: 단언하다, 확언하다, 확인하다, 긍정하다, 지지하다, 확약하다. commanding: 전망이 좋은, 지휘하는, 당당한, 위엄있는, 위풍당당한, 유리 한 장소를 차지한. compute: 계산하다, 어림하다, 평가하 다, 추정하다, 산정하다, 컴퓨터로 계 산하다. edict: 포고, 칙령, 법령, 명령.

expostulate: 간하다. forbidden: 금지된, 금단의. gait: 보조, 걸음걸이, 걷는 모양, 걸음 걸이를 조련하다, 심사원 에 걷게하다 , 심사원 앞에 걷게 하다, 말의 보조. highness: 전하, 높음, 고가, 고위, 높 이. hobble: 곤경, 다리를 절다, 곤란, 절뚝 거리게 하다, 쉬엄쉬엄 이야기하다, 다리를 묶다, 을 절름거리게 하다, 절 름거리다, 절름거림, 뒤뚱거리다.

incapable: 무능한, 무력한, 허용하지 않는, 할수 없는, 자격이 없는, 자격 없는, 을 못하는, 에 견딜 수 없는, 불 가능한, 무자격자, 무능자. inhabited: 사람이 살고 있는. intestine: 내부의, 국내의 장, 장. obstinate: 완고한, 완강한, 난치의, 고 집센, 병이 난치의. plainly: 솔직하게, 명백히, 검소하게, 간소하게, 뚜렷하게. schism: 분파, 분립, 분열, 분리.

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religion, by offending against a fundamental doctrine of our great prophet Lustrog, in the fifty-fourth chapter of the Blundecral (which is their Alcoran). This, however, is thought to be a mere strain upon the text; for the words are these: ‘that all true believers break their eggs at the convenient end.’ And which is the convenient end, seems, in my humble opinion to be left to every man’s conscience, or at least in the power of the chief magistrate to determine. Now, the Big-endian exiles have found so much credit in the emperor of Blefuscu’s court, and so much private assistance and encouragement from their party here at home, that a bloody war has been carried on between the two empires for sixand-thirty moons, with various success; during which time we have lost forty capital ships, and a much a greater number of smaller vessels, together with thirty thousand of our best seamen and soldiers; and the damage received by the enemy is reckoned to be somewhat greater than ours. However, they have now equipped a numerous fleet, and are just preparing to make a descent upon us; and his imperial majesty, placing great confidence in your valour and strength, has commanded me to lay this account of his affairs before you.”% I desired the secretary to present my humble duty to the emperor; and to let him know, “that I thought it would not become me, who was a foreigner, to interfere with parties; but I was ready, with the hazard of my life, to defend his person and state against all invaders.”

Korean conscience: 양심, 도의심, 선악의 관념 인, 외국 제품, 국외자. . hazard: 우연, 위험, 운, 모험, 걸다, 주 descent: 내리받이, 상속, 하강, 가계, 사위 놀이의 일종, 해보다, 위태롭게 내리받이 길, 강하, 가문, 급습, 세습, 하다, 위험을 무릅쓰고 하다, 주사위 한 세대, 혈통. 도박의 일종. doctrine: 교의, 주의, 교리, 학설. humble: 겸손한, 검소한, 천하게 하다, encouragement: 격려함, 격려, 격려가 창피를 주다, 욕을 보이다, 비천한, 낮 되는 것, 장려가 되는 것. 추는, 천한, 경멸하다. equipped: 채비를 해주는, 장비하는, interfere: 간섭하다, 방해하다, 충돌하 갖추어 주다, 갖추게 하는. 다, 조정하다, 해치다, 참견하다, 중재 foreigner: 외국인, 외국선, 이방인, 이 하다, 대립하다, 손상하다, 훼방하다,

발벗고 나서다. magistrate: 치안 판사, 행정 장관, 사 법권이 있는 행정장관, 치안판사, 행 정장관. offending: 불쾌한. placing: 자본 매출. prophet: 예언자, 예언서, 신의 뜻을 알 리는 사람, 구약 성서의 예언서, 마호 메트, 대변자, 사물을 예지하는 사람, 주의 따위의 대변자. valour: 용기, 무용, 용맹.

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CHAPTER

%V

[The author, by an extraordinary stratagem, prevents an invasion. A high title of honour is conferred upon him. Ambassadors arrive from the emperor of Blefuscu, and sue for peace. The empress’s apartment on fire by an accident; the author instrumental in saving the rest of the palace.]

The empire of Blefuscu is an island situated to the north-east of Lilliput, from which it is parted only by a channel of eight hundred yards wide. I had not yet seen it, and upon this notice of an intended invasion, I avoided appearing on that side of the coast, for fear of being discovered, by some of the enemy’s ships, who had received no intelligence of me; all intercourse between the two empires having been strictly forbidden during the war, upon pain of death, and an embargo laid by our emperor upon all vessels whatsoever. I communicated to his majesty a project I had formed of seizing the enemy’s whole fleet; which, as our scouts assured us, lay at anchor in the harbour, ready to sail with the first fair wind. I consulted the most experienced seamen upon the depth of the channel, which they had often plumbed; who told me, that in the middle, at high-water, it was seventy glumgluffs deep, which is about six feet of European measure; and the rest of it fifty glumgluffs at most. I walked towards the northeast coast, over against Blefuscu, where, lying down behind a hillock, I took out my small perspective glass, and viewed the enemy’s fleet at anchor, consisting of

Korean anchor: 닻, 정착시키다, 힘이 되는 것 지, 항내출입금지, 금지, 입항 금지를 닻을 내려 멈추다, 힘이되는 것최종 명하다, 출항금지, 출항 금지를 명하 주자, 닻의, 의지할 힘이 되는 것, 야 다, 통상 정지, 입항금지, 정지하다. 구 팀에서 제일가는 강타자, 맨 끝 사 hillock: 작은 언덕, 봉토둑, 조그만 산. 람, 닻을 내리다, 닻으로 고정시키다, instrumental: 기계의, 악기의, 수단이 주저앉다. 되는, 조격, 조격의, 악기를 위한, 악 apartment: 아파트, 한 세대의 방, 방, 기에 의한, 쓸모 있는, 도움이 되는, 큰 호화 아파트, 한 세대가 살림하는 기계를 사용하는. 및 개의 방, 크고 훌륭한 방. intercourse: 성교, 교통, 교제, 영교, appearing: 인 듯한. 영적인 교통, 의사의 교환, 영적 교통, embargo: 금지하다, 몰수하다, 통상금 영적 교류.

parted: 나뉜, 부분으로 나뉜, 흐트러진 , 갈라진. seizing: 압류, 잡기, 동여맴, 동여매는 밧줄, 점유, 움켜짐, 꼭쥠, 빼앗음, 소 유, 붙잡기. situated: 입장에 놓인, 있는, 한 처지 에 있는, 위치해 있는, 한 경우에 있는 , 한 상태에 있는. stratagem: 계략, 전략. whatsoever: 일은 무엇이든지, 도대체 무엇이, 것은 무엇이든지.

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about fifty %men of war, and a great number of transports: I then came back to my house, and gave orders (for which I had a warrant) for a great quantity of the strongest cable and bars of iron. The cable was about as thick as packthread and the bars of the length and size of a knitting-needle. I trebled the cable to make it stronger, and for the same reason I twisted three of the iron bars together, bending the extremities into a hook. Having thus fixed fifty hooks to as many cables, I went back to the north-east coast, and putting off my coat, shoes, and stockings, walked into the sea, in my leathern jerkin, about half an hour before high water. I waded with what haste I could, and swam in the middle about thirty yards, till I felt ground. I arrived at the fleet in less than half an hour. The enemy was so frightened when they saw me, that they leaped out of their ships, and swam to shore, where there could not be fewer than thirty thousand souls. I then took my tackling, and, fastening a hook to the hole at the prow of each, I tied all the cords together at the end. While I was thus employed, the enemy discharged several thousand arrows, many of which stuck in my hands and face, and, beside the excessive smart, gave me much disturbance in my work. My greatest apprehension was for mine eyes, which I should have infallibly lost, if I had not suddenly thought of an expedient. I kept, among other little necessaries, a pair of spectacles in a private pocket, which, as I observed before, had escaped the emperor’s searchers. These I took out and fastened as strongly as I could upon my nose, and thus armed, went on boldly with my work, in spite of the enemy’s arrows, many of which struck against the glasses of my spectacles, but without any other effect, further than a little to discompose them. I had now fastened all the hooks, and, taking the knot in my hand, began to pull; but not a ship would stir, for they were all too fast held by their anchors, so that the boldest part of my enterprise remained. I therefore let go the cord, and leaving the looks fixed to the ships, I resolutely cut with my knife the cables that fastened the anchors, receiving about two hundred shots in my face and hands; then I took up the knotted end of the cables, to which my hooks were tied, and with great ease drew fifty of the enemy’s largest men of war after me. The Blefuscudians, who had not the least imagination of what I intended, were at first confounded with astonishment. They had seen me cut the cables,

Korean apprehension: 이해력, 우려, 체포, 두 려움, 파악, 이해, 걱정. boldly: 대담하게, 뻔뻔스럽게, 뚜렷이. confounded: 엄청난, 지독한, 당황한, 괘씸한, 경칠놈의, 어처구니없는. cord: 코드, 새끼로 묶다, 새끼, 굴레, 장작의 평수, 골지게 짠 직물의 이랑, 끈, 가는바로묶다, 코듀로이, 노끈, 삭 상조직. discompose: 마음을 어지럽히다, 불안 케 하다, 안정을 잃게 하다.

disturbance: 방해물, 불안, 소동, 소란, 교란시키는 것, 방해, 침해. fastening: 죔, 잠그기, 닫음, 붙임, 잠 그는 도구, 잠금, 채우는기구, 고정시 키기. haste: 서두름, 급속, 재촉하다, 서두르 다, 서두르게 하다, 성급, 급함. knot: 혹, 무리, 매듭, 매듭을 짓다, 매 다, 곤란, 난국, 떼, 나비 매듭, 마디, 매어지다. knotted: 꺼져, 듣기 싫다, 마디가 있는

, 어려운, 매듭이 있는, 울퉁불퉁한, 귀찮아, 얽힌. leathern: 가죽의. prow: 이물, 기수, 용감한, 용맹스러운, 뱃머리. resolutely: 단호하게, 단호히, 결연히. tackling: 태클 동작, 도르래 장치, 도 구의 한벌, 밧줄, 배의 삭구, 붙잡고 방해함, 고패 장치. twisted: 일그러진, 황홀해진, 꼬인, 술 취한, 비틀어진.

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and thought my design was only to let the ships run adrift or fall foul on each other: but when they perceived the whole fleet moving in order, and saw me pulling at the end, they set up such a scream of grief and despair as it is almost impossible to describe or conceive. When I had got out of danger, I stopped awhile to pick out the arrows that stuck in my hands and face; and rubbed on some of the same ointment that was given me at my first arrival, as I have formerly mentioned. I then took off my spectacles, and waiting about an hour, till the tide was a little fallen, I waded through the middle with my cargo, and arrived safe at the royal port of Lilliput.% The emperor and his whole court stood on the shore, expecting the issue of this great adventure. They saw the ships move forward in a large half-moon, but could not discern me, who was up to my breast in water. When I advanced to the middle of the channel, they were yet more in pain, because I was under water to my neck. The emperor concluded me to be drowned, and that the enemy’s fleet was approaching in a hostile manner: but he was soon eased of his fears; for the channel growing shallower every step I made, I came in a short time within hearing, and holding up the end of the cable, by which the fleet was fastened, I cried in a loud voice, “Long live the most puissant king of Lilliput!” This great prince received me at my landing with all possible encomiums, and created me a nardac upon the spot, which is the highest title of honour among them. His majesty desired I would take some other opportunity of bringing all the rest of his enemy’s ships into his ports. And so unmeasureable is the ambition of princes, that he seemed to think of nothing less than reducing the whole empire of Blefuscu into a province, and governing it, by a viceroy; of destroying the Bigendian exiles, and compelling that people to break the smaller end of their eggs, by which he would remain the sole monarch of the whole world. But I endeavoured to divert him from this design, by many arguments drawn from the topics of policy as well as justice; and I plainly protested, “that I would never be an instrument of bringing a free and brave people into slavery.” And, when the matter was debated in council, the wisest part of the ministry were of my opinion.

Korean adrift: 표류하여, 떠돌아, 헤매어, 일정 한 직업 없이, 어찌할 바를 몰라. ambition: 대망, 야심의 대상, 패기, 야 심, 포부, 열망, 원한, 큰 뜻, 야망, 원 기. awhile: 잠시, 잠깐. cargo: 뱃짐, 선하, 적하, 화물. compelling: 강제적인, -하지 않을 수 없는, 강력한, 사람을 가만히 두지 않 는, 어쩔 수 없는, 억지의, 감탄하지 않을수 없는.

despair: 절망, 절망의 근원, 절망하다, 자포자기. drowned: 물에 빠져 죽은, 에 빠진, 몰 두하고 있는. foul: 반칙, 엉클어진, 더럽히다, 더러 운, 더러워지다, 반칙하다, 꽉막힌, 악 취있는, 충돌하다, 반칙의, 엉클어지 다. governing: 통치하는. grief: 재난, 실패하다, 비탄, 불운, 깊 은 슬픔, 고통.

half-moon: 반달. hostile: 적의, 적대하는, 적의 있는. monarch: 군주, 제주왕나비. puissant: 힘센. scream: 소리치다, 날카로운 소리, 깔 깔대다, 매우 익살스런 사람, 큰 소리 를 지르다, 번지르르하여 어울리지 않 다, 깔깔거리며 웃다, 센세이셔널 글 을 써대다, 소리질러 말하다, 우스꽝 스러운 것, 우스꽝스러운 사람. viceroy: 부왕, 총독, 태수.

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This open bold declaration of mine was so opposite to the schemes and politics of his imperial majesty, that he could never forgive me. He mentioned it in a very artful manner at council, where I was told that some of the wisest appeared, at least by their silence, to be of my opinion; but others, who were my secret enemies, could not forbear some expressions which, by a side-wind, reflected on me. And from this time began an intrigue between his majesty and a junto of ministers, maliciously bent against me, which broke out in less than two months, and had like to have ended in my utter destruction. Of so little weight are the greatest services to princes, when put into the balance with a refusal to gratify their passions.% About three weeks after this exploit, there arrived a solemn embassy from Blefuscu, with humble offers of a peace, which was soon concluded, upon conditions very advantageous to our emperor, wherewith I shall not trouble the reader. There were six ambassadors, with a train of about five hundred persons, and their entry was very magnificent, suitable to the grandeur of their master, and the importance of their business. When their treaty was finished, wherein I did them several good offices by the credit I now had, or at least appeared to have, at court, their excellencies, who were privately told how much I had been their friend, made me a visit in form. They began with many compliments upon my valour and generosity, invited me to that kingdom in the emperor their master’s name, and desired me to show them some proofs of my prodigious strength, of which they had heard so many wonders; wherein I readily obliged them, but shall not trouble the reader with the particulars. When I had for some time entertained their excellencies, to their infinite satisfaction and surprise, I desired they would do me the honour to present my most humble respects to the emperor their master, the renown of whose virtues had so justly filled the whole world with admiration, and whose royal person I resolved to attend, before I returned to my own country. Accordingly, the next time I had the honour to see our emperor, I desired his general license to wait on the Blefuscudian monarch, which he was pleased to grant me, as I could perceive, in a very cold manner; but could not guess the reason, till I had a whisper from a

Korean admiration: 감탄, 칭찬, 찬미, 경탄, 경 이, 칭찬의 대상, 찬양의 대상. artful: 교활한, 기교가 부르는, 기교가 뛰어난. embassy: 대사관, 대사의 임무, 사절단 , 대사관 전원, 사절, 대사의 사명, 대 사관 직원, 사절 일행. exploit: 착취하다, 개척하다, 개발하다 , 미끼삼다, 이용하다, 채굴하다, 부당 하게 이용하다, 공훈, 공적. grandeur: 장관, 위대, 화려, 장엄, 웅

대, 성대, 고귀, 장려. intrigue: 밀통, 음모, 음모를 꾸미다, 밀통하다, 의 호기심을 돋우다, 달성 하다, 의 흥미를 돋구다, 술책을 쓰다, 손에 넣다, 불의, 의 흥미를 돋우다. junto: 비밀 결사단, 음모단, 정치상의 비밀결사, 비밀결사. justly: 바르게, 정당하게, 공정하게. maliciously: 심술궂게, 악의있게. perceive: 지각하다, 이해하다, 알아채 다, 인식하다.

renown: 명성, 고명, 영명. respects: 인사. utter: 말하다, 전적인, 절대적인, 완전 한, 행사하다, 나타내다, 발음하다, 순 전한, 무조건의, 발언하다, 입 밖에 내 다. whisper: 속삭이다, 속삭임, 소근거림, 살랑살랑소리, 살랑살랑 소리를 내다, 말을 가만히 퍼뜨리다, 은밀히 말을 퍼뜨리다, 몰래 말하다, 소문, 적은 분 량, 일러바치다.

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certain person, “that Flimnap and Bolgolam had represented my intercourse with those ambassadors as a mark of disaffection;” from which I am sure my heart was wholly free. And this was the first time I began to conceive some imperfect idea of courts and ministers.% It is to be observed, that these ambassadors spoke to me, by an interpreter, the languages of both empires differing as much from each other as any two in Europe, and each nation priding itself upon the antiquity, beauty, and energy of their own tongue, with an avowed contempt for that of their neighbour; yet our emperor, standing upon the advantage he had got by the seizure of their fleet, obliged them to deliver their credentials, and make their speech, in the Lilliputian tongue. And it must be confessed, that from the great intercourse of trade and commerce between both realms, from the continual reception of exiles which is mutual among them, and from the custom, in each empire, to send their young nobility and richer gentry to the other, in order to polish themselves by seeing the world, and understanding men and manners; there are few persons of distinction, or merchants, or seamen, who dwell in the maritime parts, but what can hold conversation in both tongues; as I found some weeks after, when I went to pay my respects to the emperor of Blefuscu, which, in the midst of great misfortunes, through the malice of my enemies, proved a very happy adventure to me, as I shall relate in its proper place. The reader may remember, that when I signed those articles upon which I recovered my liberty, there were some which I disliked, upon account of their being too servile; neither could anything but an extreme necessity have forced me to submit. But being now a nardac of the highest rank in that empire, such offices were looked upon as below my dignity, and the emperor (to do him justice), never once mentioned them to me. However, it was not long before I had an opportunity of doing his majesty, at least as I then thought, a most signal service. I was alarmed at midnight with the cries of many hundred people at my door; by which, being suddenly awaked, I was in some kind of terror. I heard the word Burglum repeated incessantly: several of the emperor’s court, making their way through the crowd, entreated me to come immediately to the palace, where

Korean alarmed: 불안해 하는, 겁 먹은, 깜짝 놀란. antiquity: 낡음, 고대사람들, 고대, 고 대의풍습, 오래됨, 옛날 사람, 태고, 유물. avowed: 공공연한, 공언한, 자인한, 스 스로 인정한, 공언된, 인정된, 언명한, 스스로인정한. confessed: 정평있는, 명백한, 인정된, 인정받은, 자인한. continual: 빈번한, 계속적인, 끊임없

는, 자주 일어나는, 연속적인. dwell: 살다, 거주하다, 곰곰이 생각하 다, 천천히발음하다, 천천히 발음하다 , 길게논하다, 곰곰이생각하다, 길게 논하다, 머무르다, 발을 올리는 것이 더디다. gentry: 상류 계급, 패거리, 상류 사회. imperfect: 미완료의, 불완전한, 불충 분한, 결점이 있는, 미완료 시제, 미완 료시제, 반과거의, 미완성의. incessantly: 끊임없는, 간단 없이, 끊

임 없이. interpreter: 연출자, 해석자, 번역기, 통역자, 해석프로그램, 설명자, 통역. maritime: 바다의, 바다에 사는, 해변 의, 해상의, 해안 가까이에 사는, 항해 의. recovered: 회복한, 병 등에서 회복한. seizure: 압류, 강탈, 잡음, 발작, 붙잡 음. servile: 노예의, 야비한, 맹종적인, 노 예 근성의.

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her%imperial majesty’s apartment was on fire, by the carelessness of a maid of honour, who fell asleep while she was reading a romance. I got up in an instant; and orders being given to clear the way before me, and it being likewise a moonshine night, I made a shift to get to the palace without trampling on any of the people. I found they had already applied ladders to the walls of the apartment, and were well provided with buckets, but the water was at some distance. These buckets were about the size of large thimbles, and the poor people supplied me with them as fast as they could: but the flame was so violent that they did little good. I might easily have stifled it with my coat, which I unfortunately left behind me for haste, and came away only in my leathern jerkin. The case seemed wholly desperate and deplorable; and this magnificent palace would have infallibly been burnt down to the ground, if, by a presence of mind unusual to me, I had not suddenly thought of an expedient. I had, the evening before, drunk plentifully of a most delicious wine called glimigrim, (the Blefuscudians call it flunec, but ours is esteemed the better sort,) which is very diuretic. By the luckiest chance in the world, I had not discharged myself of any part of it. The heat I had contracted by coming very near the flames, and by labouring to quench them, made the wine begin to operate by urine; which I voided in such a quantity, and applied so well to the proper places, that in three minutes the fire was wholly extinguished, and the rest of that noble pile, which had cost so many ages in erecting, preserved from destruction. It was now day-light, and I returned to my house without waiting to congratulate with the emperor: because, although I had done a very eminent piece of service, yet I could not tell how his majesty might resent the manner by which I had performed it: for, by the fundamental laws of the realm, it is capital in any person, of what quality soever, to make water within the precincts of the palace. But I was a little comforted by a message from his majesty, “that he would give orders to the grand justiciary for passing my pardon in form:” which, however, I could not obtain; and I was privately assured, “that the empress, conceiving the greatest abhorrence of what I had done, removed to the most distant side of the court, firmly resolved that those buildings should never be

Korean abhorrence: 혐오, 몹시 싫은, 싫은, 아 주 싫은 것, 질색인 것. carelessness: 부주의, 경솔, 소홀, 무사 태평, 무심함, 속 편함. conceiving: 상상하는 것. congratulate: 축하하다, 축사를 하다, 축하의 말을 하다, 경축하다. contracted: 수축한, 옹졸한, 계약한, 인색한, 찌푸린, 도량이 좁은, 단축한, 수축된. deplorable: 비참한, 슬퍼할, 가엾은,

애처로운, 통탄할. diuretic: 이뇨의, 이뇨제. justiciary: 사법상의, 서법상의, 판사 사법상의, 대사법관. labouring: 애쓰는, 고생하는, 노동에 종사하는. maid: 소녀, 하녀, 아가씨, 처녀, 잔소 리꾼, 조커 빼기, 신부의 들러리, 미혼 녀, 계집아이, 여자. moonshine: 달빛, 밀주, 밀수입주, 부 질없는 생각, 밀수입한 술, 밀조 위스

키, 어리석은 생각. precincts: 경계. resent: 원망하다, 분개하다, 에 골내다 , 을 분개하다, 괘씸하게 생각하다, 화 내다. soever: 조금도, 아무리, 아무리 ~이라 도. urine: 오줌, 소변. voided: 틈이 있는, 공허하게된, 윤곽 만 남기고 가운데를 잘라낸, 무효로 된.

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repaired for her use: and, in the presence of her chief confidents could not forbear vowing revenge.”%

Korean chief: 추장, 주로, 족장, 장관, 장, 최고 의, 주요한, 주요부, 두목, 보스, 상관. forbear: 억누르다, 참다, 삼가다, 그만 두다, 조상, 억제하다. presence: 존재, 출석, 면전, 풍채, 있음 , 유령, 있는 곳, 임장감, 위험 따위의 근접, 대면, 근접.

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%VI

[Of the inhabitants of Lilliput; their learning, laws, and customs; the manner of educating their children. The author’s way of living in that country. His vindication of a great lady.]

Although I intend to leave the description of this empire to a particular treatise, yet, in the mean time, I am content to gratify the curious reader with some general ideas. As the common size of the natives is somewhat under six inches high, so there is an exact proportion in all other animals, as well as plants and trees: for instance, the tallest horses and oxen are between four and five inches in height, the sheep an inch and half, more or less: their geese about the bigness of a sparrow, and so the several gradations downwards till you come to the smallest, which to my sight, were almost invisible; but nature has adapted the eyes of the Lilliputians to all objects proper for their view: they see with great exactness, but at no great distance. And, to show the sharpness of their sight towards objects that are near, I have been much pleased with observing a cook pulling a lark, which was not so large as a common fly; and a young girl threading an invisible needle with invisible silk. Their tallest trees are about seven feet high: I mean some of those in the great royal park, the tops whereof I could but just reach with my fist clenched. The other vegetables are in the same proportion; but this I leave to the reader’s imagination.

Korean adapted: 알맞은, 개조된, 개작된, 적당 한. customs: 세관. downwards: 쇠미한, 쇠잔하여, 아래 쪽으로. exactness: 정확, 정밀, 정확성. fist: 필적, 주먹, 주먹으로 치다, 손, 손 가락표, 손표, 손가락 표, 조종하다, 주먹으로 때리다, 파악. geese: 재봉사의 대형 다리미, 야유, 구 즈, 거위, 바보.

gradations: 순서. instance: 경우, 보기로 들다, 소송, 예, 권고, 권유, 실례, 시사, 제의, 보기실 례, 부탁. invisible: 눈에 보이지 않는, 신, 영계, 눈에 안보이는, 모습을 나타내지 않는 , 숨은, 얼굴을 보이지 않는, 얼굴을 내놓지 않는. needle: 바늘, 자극하다, 받치다, 뾰족 한 바위, 바느질하다, 뜨개바늘, 괴롭 히다, 나침, 지분거리다, 저울대보, 자

침. oxen: 소의 복수형. sharpness: 날카로움, 높은 가락, 선명, 격렬, 교활, 급함, 갑자기 꺾임, 가파 름, 영리, 험준함. sparrow: 참새, 스패로. treatise: 논문, 논설. vegetables: 야채. vindication: 입증, 옹호, 옹호하는 것, 해명, 변호, 변명, 설욕, 입증하는 것, 옹호하는 사실, 입증하는 사실.

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I shall say but little at present of their learning, which, for many ages, has flourished in all its branches among them: but their manner of writing is very peculiar, being neither from the left to the right, like the Europeans, nor from the right to the left, like the Arabians, nor from up to down, like the Chinese, but aslant, from one corner of the paper to the other, like ladies in England.% They bury their dead with their heads directly downward, because they hold an opinion, that in eleven thousand moons they are all to rise again; in which period the earth (which they conceive to be flat) will turn upside down, and by this means they shall, at their resurrection, be found ready standing on their feet. The learned among them confess the absurdity of this doctrine; but the practice still continues, in compliance to the vulgar. There are some laws and customs in this empire very peculiar; and if they were not so directly contrary to those of my own dear country, I should be tempted to say a little in their justification. It is only to be wished they were as well executed. The first I shall mention, relates to informers. All crimes against the state, are punished here with the utmost severity; but, if the person accused makes his innocence plainly to appear upon his trial, the accuser is immediately put to an ignominious death; and out of his goods or lands the innocent person is quadruply recompensed for the loss of his time, for the danger he underwent, for the hardship of his imprisonment, and for all the charges he has been at in making his defence; or, if that fund be deficient, it is largely supplied by the crown. The emperor also confers on him some public mark of his favour, and proclamation is made of his innocence through the whole city. They look upon fraud as a greater crime than theft, and therefore seldom fail to punish it with death; for they allege, that care and vigilance, with a very common understanding, may preserve a man’s goods from thieves, but honesty has no defence against superior cunning; and, since it is necessary that there should be a perpetual intercourse of buying and selling, and dealing upon credit, where fraud is permitted and connived at, or has no law to punish it, the honest dealer is always undone, and the knave gets the advantage. I remember, when I was once interceding with the emperor for a criminal who had wronged his

Korean absurdity: 부조리한, 엉터리없는 일, 불합리, 어리석은 일. accuser: 고발인, 고소인 원고, 비난자, 고소인, 밀고자, 원고. allege: 단언하다, 증거 없이 주장하다, 인용 증언하다, 증언하다, 내세우다. aslant: 기울어져, 비스듬히. cunning: 교묘한, 교활한, 귀여운, 노 련한, 멋있는, 숙련, 솜씨, 현명한, 재 간있는, 약삭빠른, 빈틈없음. deficient: 결함 있는, 불충분한, 부족

한. ignominious: 수치스런, 면목없는, 비 열한. knave: 잭, 하인, 약한, 신분이 낮은 사 내, 무뢰한, 악한, 남자아이. punish: 혼내주다, 벌하다, 호되게 해 치우다, 응징하다, 사람을 벌하다, 죄 를 벌하다, 상대방을 혼내주다. resurrection: 부활, 그리스도의 부활, 시체의 도굴, 전인류의 부활, 재유행, 예수의 부활, 발굴, 부흥, 시체 따위의

도굴, 생각의 영화, 부훙. undone: 풀어진, 파멸한, 하지않은 미 완성의, 하지 않은, 푼, 영락한. upside: 위쪽, 상부, 혼란하여. vigilance: 불침번, 경계, 불면증, 철야, 조심, 불면, 각성 상태, 각성 활동, 각 성. vulgar: 상스러운, 일반의, 통속적인, 일반 대중의, 서민의, 야비한한, 일반 민중이 사용하는, 평민의, 저속한, 평 민, 일반대중의.

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master of a great sum of money, which he had received by order and ran away with; and happening to tell his majesty, by way of extenuation, that it was only a breach of trust, the emperor thought it monstrous in me to offer as a defence the greatest aggravation of the crime; and truly I had little to say in return, farther than the common answer, that different nations had different customs; for, I confess, I was heartily ashamed.% Although we usually call reward and punishment the two hinges upon which all government turns, yet I could never observe this maxim to be put in practice by any nation except that of Lilliput. Whoever can there bring sufficient proof, that he has strictly observed the laws of his country for seventy-three moons, has a claim to certain privileges, according to his quality or condition of life, with a proportionable sum of money out of a fund appropriated for that use: he likewise acquires the title of snilpall, or legal, which is added to his name, but does not descend to his posterity. And these people thought it a prodigious defect of policy among us, when I told them that our laws were enforced only by penalties, without any mention of reward. It is upon this account that the image of Justice, in their courts of judicature, is formed with six eyes, two before, as many behind, and on each side one, to signify circumspection; with a bag of gold open in her right hand, and a sword sheathed in her left, to show she is more disposed to reward than to punish. In choosing persons for all employments, they have more regard to good morals than to great abilities; for, since government is necessary to mankind, they believe, that the common size of human understanding is fitted to some station or other; and that Providence never intended to make the management of public affairs a mystery to be comprehended only by a few persons of sublime genius, of which there seldom are three born in an age: but they suppose truth, justice, temperance, and the like, to be in every man’s power; the practice of which virtues, assisted by experience and a good intention, would qualify any man for the service of his country, except where a course of study is required. But they thought the want of moral virtues was so far from being supplied by superior endowments of the mind, that employments could never be put into

Korean aggravation: 악화, 도발, 결발, 화남, 악화시킴. defect: 결점, 결함, 부족, 결손. descend: 내려가다, 타락하다, 내리다, 급승하다, 전해지다, 축소하다, 지평 선 쪽으로 움직이다, 습격하다, 내리 받이가 되다, 남 쪽으로 움직이다, 계 통을 잇다. enforced: 강제적인, 강제된. extenuation: 정상 참작, 경감, 참작할 점, 가벼이 봄.

farther: 더먼, 좀더, 그위에, 더욱더, 더멀리, 더욱이, 더 앞선, 더 멀리, 더 먼, 더 뒤의, 더 나중의. genius: 수호신, 천재, 사조, 경향, 귀신 , 기풍, 자질, 진수, 천성, 특질, 요정. heartily: 마음으로부터, 열의를 갖고, 정중히, 매우, 배불리, 마음으로, 기운 차게. judicature: 사법권, 사범 기관, 재판권, 사법 사무, 사법부, 재판관의 직권, 재 판관의 권위.

mankind: 남성, 인간, 인류. maxim: 격언, 금언, 처세술, 속사기관 총, 맥심총. morals: 도덕, 예의범절. posterity: 자손, 후세. qualify: 으로 간주하다, 적격으로 하 다, 적격성을 보이다, 자격을 주다, 제 한하다, 자격을 얻다, ㅏ격을 얻다, 누 그러뜨리다, 에게 권한을 주다, 라고 진술하다, 진술하다. temperance: 절주, 절제, 금주, 삼감.

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such dangerous hands as those of persons so qualified; and, at least, that the mistakes committed by ignorance, in a virtuous disposition, would never be of such fatal consequence to the public weal, as the practices of a man, whose inclinations led him to be corrupt, and who had great abilities to manage, to multiply, and defend his corruptions.% In like manner, the disbelief of a Divine Providence renders a man incapable of holding any public station; for, since kings avow themselves to be the deputies of Providence, the Lilliputians think nothing can be more absurd than for a prince to employ such men as disown the authority under which he acts. In relating these and the following laws, I would only be understood to mean the original institutions, and not the most scandalous corruptions, into which these people are fallen by the degenerate nature of man. For, as to that infamous practice of acquiring great employments by dancing on the ropes, or badges of favour and distinction by leaping over sticks and creeping under them, the reader is to observe, that they were first introduced by the grandfather of the emperor now reigning, and grew to the present height by the gradual increase of party and faction. Ingratitude is among them a capital crime, as we read it to have been in some other countries: for they reason thus; that whoever makes ill returns to his benefactor, must needs be a common enemy to the rest of mankind, from whom he has received no obligation, and therefore such a man is not fit to live. Their notions relating to the duties of parents and children differ extremely from ours. For, since the conjunction of male and female is founded upon the great law of nature, in order to propagate and continue the species, the Lilliputians will needs have it, that men and women are joined together, like other animals, by the motives of concupiscence; and that their tenderness towards their young proceeds from the like natural principle: for which reason they will never allow that a child is under any obligation to his father for begetting him, or to his mother for bringing him into the world; which, considering the miseries of human life, was neither a benefit in itself, nor intended so by his parents, whose thoughts, in their love encounters, were

Korean avow: 공언하다, 시인하다, 고백하다, 이 아니라고 말하다. 승인하다, 솔직이 인정하다. infamous: 파렴치한, 수치스런, 악명 begetting: 자식을 보기, 생기게 하기. 높은, 지독한, 불명예스러운, 악명높 benefactor: 은인, 후원자, 기증자, 보 은, 공민권을 박탈당한, 아주나쁜, 악 호자, 은혜를 베푸는 사람. 독한이름난, 악랄한, 지긋지긋한. concupiscence: 색욕, 정욕, 탐욕, 음욕 ingratitude: 배은 망덕, 망은, 은혜를 , 욕정, 욕망, 현세욕. 모름. conjunction: 접속사, 결합, 연결, 접속 propagate: 보급시키다, 번식시키다, , 합, 동시 발생, 접합, 합동, 삭, 연락. 선전하다, 전하다, 보급하다, 음향 따 disbelief: 불신, 의혹. 위를 전달하다, 전달하다, 증식하다, disown: 의절하다, 부인하다, 자기 것 번식하다.

reigning: 군림하는, 널리 퍼져 있는, 널리 유행하는, 세도를 부리는. scandalous: 명예롭지 못한, 못된, 중 상적인, 수치스러운, 중상하는. virtuous: 정숙한, 선량한, 도덕적인, 덕이 있는, 덕 있는, 효력이 있는, 고 결한 체하는. weal: 행복, 복리, 채찍맞아 지렁이처 럼 부르튼 곳, 국가, 길게 부르튼 자리 , 발진, 번영, 부, 부어오름, 안녕, 에 부르튼 자리를 내다.

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otherwise employed. Upon these, and the like reasonings, their opinion is, that parents are the last of all others to be trusted with the education of their own children; and therefore they have in every town public nurseries, where all parents, except cottagers and labourers, are obliged to send their infants of both sexes to be reared and educated, when they come to the age of twenty moons, at which time they are supposed to have some rudiments of docility. These schools are of several kinds, suited to different qualities, and both sexes. They have certain professors well skilled in preparing children for such a condition of life as befits the rank of their parents, and their own capacities, as well as inclinations. I shall first say something of the male nurseries, and then of the female.% The nurseries for males of noble or eminent birth, are provided with grave and learned professors, and their several deputies. The clothes and food of the children are plain and simple. They are bred up in the principles of honour, justice, courage, modesty, clemency, religion, and love of their country; they are always employed in some business, except in the times of eating and sleeping, which are very short, and two hours for diversions consisting of bodily exercises. They are dressed by men till four years of age, and then are obliged to dress themselves, although their quality be ever so great; and the women attendant, who are aged proportionably to ours at fifty, perform only the most menial offices. They are never suffered to converse with servants, but go together in smaller or greater numbers to take their diversions, and always in the presence of a professor, or one of his deputies; whereby they avoid those early bad impressions of folly and vice, to which our children are subject. Their parents are suffered to see them only twice a year; the visit is to last but an hour; they are allowed to kiss the child at meeting and parting; but a professor, who always stands by on those occasions, will not suffer them to whisper, or use any fondling expressions, or bring any presents of toys, sweetmeats, and the like. The pension from each family for the education and entertainment of a child, upon failure of due payment, is levied by the emperor’s officers. The nurseries for children of ordinary gentlemen, merchants, traders, and handicrafts, are managed proportionably after the same manner; only those

Korean attendant: 시중드는, 수행의, 수행원, 수반물, 부수의, 출석자, 곁에 따르는 사람, 출석의, 출석의-곁에 따르는 사 람, 따라다니는, 시중드는 사람. bodily: 통째로, 육체적인-몸소, 모조 리, 몸의, 신체상의, 구체의, 육체상의 . bred: 하게 자란. docility: 온순, 유순, 다루기 쉬움. folly: 어리석음, 어리석은 짓, 어리석 게 돈만 많이 들인 물건, 우론, 막대한

돈을 들인 어처구니없는 큰 건축, 글 래머 걸 출연자, 어리석은 행동. fondling: 애완 동물, 귀여워하는 아기 , 귀염받는 사람. menial: 하인의, 천한, 하인, 천한 일을 하는. modesty: 겸양, 수줍음, 정숙, 조심스 러움, 겸손. parting: 이별, 고별, 나누는, 출발, 분 리, 별세, 고별의, 떠나가는, 머리 따 위의 가리마, 저물어 가는, 이별의.

rudiments: 징조. skilled: 숙련된, 기술이 좋은, 숙련이 필요한, 솜씨를 요하는, 숙련을 요하 는, 특수 기술을 요하는. suited: 의 슈트를 입은, 슈트를 입은, 적합하여, 어울려. sweetmeats: 봉봉, 캔디, 사탕, 설탕절 임한 과일, 사탕 과자. vice: 악습, 육체적 결함, 나쁜 버릇, 사 악, 결점, 부도덕, 바이스, 대리로서, 악, 악덕, 병.

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designed for trades are put out apprentices at eleven years old, whereas those of persons of quality continue in their exercises till fifteen, which answers to twenty-one with us: but the confinement is gradually lessened for the last three years.% In the female nurseries, the young girls of quality are educated much like the males, only they are dressed by orderly servants of their own sex; but always in the presence of a professor or deputy, till they come to dress themselves, which is at five years old. And if it be found that these nurses ever presume to entertain the girls with frightful or foolish stories, or the common follies practised by chambermaids among us, they are publicly whipped thrice about the city, imprisoned for a year, and banished for life to the most desolate part of the country. Thus the young ladies are as much ashamed of being cowards and fools as the men, and despise all personal ornaments, beyond decency and cleanliness: neither did I perceive any difference in their education made by their difference of sex, only that the exercises of the females were not altogether so robust; and that some rules were given them relating to domestic life, and a smaller compass of learning was enjoined them: for their maxim is, that among peoples of quality, a wife should be always a reasonable and agreeable companion, because she cannot always be young. When the girls are twelve years old, which among them is the marriageable age, their parents or guardians take them home, with great expressions of gratitude to the professors, and seldom without tears of the young lady and her companions. In the nurseries of females of the meaner sort, the children are instructed in all kinds of works proper for their sex, and their several degrees: those intended for apprentices are dismissed at seven years old, the rest are kept to eleven. The meaner families who have children at these nurseries, are obliged, besides their annual pension, which is as low as possible, to return to the steward of the nursery a small monthly share of their gettings, to be a portion for the child; and therefore all parents are limited in their expenses by the law. For the Lilliputians think nothing can be more unjust, than for people, in subservience to their own appetites, to bring children into the world, and leave the burthen of

Korean ashamed: 낯을 붉히어, 부끄러워하여, 부끄러이 여겨, 부끄러워. desolate: 황량한, 황폐케하다, 황폐한, 음산한, 고독한, 사람이 안 사는, 시람 이 안 사는, 쓸쓸한, 내버려진. despise: 경멸하다. foolish: 하찮은, 바보같은, 미련한, 어 리석은. frightful: 무서운, 추악한, 불쾌한, 아 주 보기 싫은, 아주 보기 흉한, 지독한 .

gratitude: 감사. imprisoned: 교도소에 집어 넣은. marriageable: 결혼할 수 있는, 혼기가 된, 과년, 특히 여성이 흔기에 이른, 혼기에 달한, 흔기에 이른. orderly: 전령, 순종하는, 순서바른, 명 령의, 연락병, 유순한, 순서 바른, 규 율이 바른, 당번병. portion: 운명, 분배하다, 부분, 몫, 상 속재산, 일인분, 배당으로 주다, 배당, 남에게 분여 재산을 주다, 분할하다,

인분. robust: 튼튼한, 건장한, 억센, 강건한, 조야한, 감칠맛 있는, 강한, 격심한, 정력적인, 튼튼하게 만든, 확고한. steward: 간사, 집사, 기선, 여객계원, 식사 담당원, 식사 담당자, 사환, 회계 . subservience: 아첨, 도움이 됨, 비굴, 공헌, 도움이 되기. thrice: 매우, 세번, 세 번, 몇 번이고. unjust: 부정한, 불공평한.

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supporting them on the public. As to persons of quality, they give security to appropriate a certain sum for each child, suitable to their condition; and these funds are always managed with good husbandry and the most exact justice.% The cottagers and labourers keep their children at home, their business being only to till and cultivate the earth, and therefore their education is of little consequence to the public: but the old and diseased among them, are supported by hospitals; for begging is a trade unknown in this empire. And here it may, perhaps, divert the curious reader, to give some account of my domestics, and my manner of living in this country, during a residence of nine months, and thirteen days. Having a head mechanically turned, and being likewise forced by necessity, I had made for myself a table and chair convenient enough, out of the largest trees in the royal park. Two hundred sempstresses were employed to make me shirts, and linen for my bed and table, all of the strongest and coarsest kind they could get; which, however, they were forced to quilt together in several folds, for the thickest was some degrees finer than lawn. Their linen is usually three inches wide, and three feet make a piece. The sempstresses took my measure as I lay on the ground, one standing at my neck, and another at my mid-leg, with a strong cord extended, that each held by the end, while a third measured the length of the cord with a rule of an inch long. Then they measured my right thumb, and desired no more; for by a mathematical computation, that twice round the thumb is once round the wrist, and so on to the neck and the waist, and by the help of my old shirt, which I displayed on the ground before them for a pattern, they fitted me exactly. Three hundred tailors were employed in the same manner to make me clothes; but they had another contrivance for taking my measure. I kneeled down, and they raised a ladder from the ground to my neck; upon this ladder one of them mounted, and let fall a plumb-line from my collar to the floor, which just answered the length of my coat: but my waist and arms I measured myself. When my clothes were finished, which was done in my house (for the largest of theirs would not have been able to hold them), they looked like the patch-work made by the ladies in England, only that mine were all of a colour.

Korean diseased: 병적인, 병의, 병에 걸린. displayed: 날개를 펴고 다리를 벌린. husbandry: 절약, 농업, 규모 없는 살 림살이, 가정. ladder: 사닥다리, 연줄, 사닥다리 모양 의 것. lawn: 잔디, 론, 잔디밭, 숲사이의 빈 터론, 론천. linen: 아마포, 린네르처럼 흰, 린네르 제품, 아마실, 린네르, 린네르류, 린네 르제의, 리넨 제품, 옥양목 제품, 리넨

종이, 리넨제의. 넣은 누비 이불, 누비 이불을 만들다. mathematical: 수학의, 수리적인, 아주 thumb: 엄지손가락, 마리화나 담배, 정확한, 수학상의, 매우 정확한. 빨리 넘기다, 서투르게 다루다, 손가 mechanically: 기계로, 기계적으로, 기 락으로 넘겨서 더럽히다, 엄지손가락 계 장치로. 으로 넘기다, 엄지손가락으로 만지다, plumb-line: 추선. 엄지손가락으로 책장을 넘기며 읽다, quilt: 누비 이불, 침상 덮개, 누비질하 엄지손가락을 세워서 부탁하다, 엄지 다, 누비 이불감, 갈피에 꿰매 넣다, 손가락을 편승을 부탁하다, 편승을 부 누비이불을 만들다, 편지 따위를 옷 탁하다. 속에 넣고 꿰매다, 에 이불을 덮다, 그 wrist: 손목, 손목 관절, 손재주, 피스톤 러모아 편집하다, 깃털 따위를 속에 핀, 손목의, 손목을 써서.

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I had three hundred cooks to dress my victuals, in little convenient huts built about my house, where they and their families lived, and prepared me two dishes a-piece. I took up twenty waiters in my hand, and placed them on the table: a hundred more attended below on the ground, some with dishes of meat, and some with barrels of wine and other liquors slung on their shoulders; all which the waiters above drew up, as I wanted, in a very ingenious manner, by certain cords, as we draw the bucket up a well in Europe. A dish of their meat was a good mouthful, and a barrel of their liquor a reasonable draught. Their mutton yields to ours, but their beef is excellent. I have had a sirloin so large, that I have been forced to make three bites of it; but this is rare. My servants were astonished to see me eat it, bones and all, as in our country we do the leg of a lark. Their geese and turkeys I usually ate at a mouthful, and I confess they far exceed ours. Of their smaller fowl I could take up twenty or thirty at the end of my knife.% One day his imperial majesty, being informed of my way of living, desired “that himself and his royal consort, with the young princes of the blood of both sexes, might have the happiness,” as he was pleased to call it, “of dining with me.” They came accordingly, and I placed them in chairs of state, upon my table, just over against me, with their guards about them. Flimnap, the lord high treasurer, attended there likewise with his white staff; and I observed he often looked on me with a sour countenance, which I would not seem to regard, but ate more than usual, in honour to my dear country, as well as to fill the court with admiration. I have some private reasons to believe, that this visit from his majesty gave Flimnap an opportunity of doing me ill offices to his master. That minister had always been my secret enemy, though he outwardly caressed me more than was usual to the moroseness of his nature. He represented to the emperor “the low condition of his treasury; that he was forced to take up money at a great discount; that exchequer bills would not circulate under nine per cent. below par; that I had cost his majesty above a million and a half of sprugs” (their greatest gold coin, about the bigness of a spangle) “and, upon the whole, that it would be advisable in the emperor to take the first fair occasion of dismissing me.”

Korean advisable: 현명한, 권할 만한, 적당한, 분별있는, 분별 있는, 타당한. astonished: 놀란. cent: 센트, 백, 동전 한닢, 푼돈, 동전 한 닢의 값어치, 동전 한 닢. circulate: 여기저기 걸어다니다, 차례 로 돌다, 유포되다, 원운동을 하다, 순 환하다, 순환시키다, 널리 미치다, 빙 빙돌다, 돌게 하다, 부지런히 돌아다 니다, 유포하다. consort: 배우자, 조화하다, 동행선, 요

함, 사귀다, 동료, 교제하다, 요정, 조 외부에 대하여, 바깥쪽에, 외부적으로 화있게 결합시키다, 교체하다, 조화 . 있게 결합시키다. sirloin: 허리고기, 소의 허리 상부의 dining: 식사. 살. fowl: 가금, 새, 닭, 들새를 잡다, 새고 spangle: 번쩍 번쩍 빛나게 하다, 스팽 기, 엽조를 사냥하다. 글, 뿌려 깔다, 번쩍이는 금속물을 붙 ingenious: 교묘한, 독창적인, 영리한, 이다, 번쩍번쩍하는 주석박, 번쩍번쩍 재간 있는, 정교한, 창의력이 있는, 재 하는 금은 박, 번쩍번쩍 빛나는 것, 번 주가 있는, 있는. 쩍번쩍하는 금박. outwardly: 외견상, 표면상, 외면상은, treasurer: 회계원, 출납관, 귀중품 보 밖으로 향하여, 외면에, 밖을 향하여, 관자, 귀중품 보관물.

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I %am here obliged to vindicate the reputation of an excellent lady, who was an innocent sufferer upon my account. The treasurer took a fancy to be jealous of his wife, from the malice of some evil tongues, who informed him that her grace had taken a violent affection for my person; and the court scandal ran for some time, that she once came privately to my lodging. This I solemnly declare to be a most infamous falsehood, without any grounds, further than that her grace was pleased to treat me with all innocent marks of freedom and friendship. I own she came often to my house, but always publicly, nor ever without three more in the coach, who were usually her sister and young daughter, and some particular acquaintance; but this was common to many other ladies of the court. And I still appeal to my servants round, whether they at any time saw a coach at my door, without knowing what persons were in it. On those occasions, when a servant had given me notice, my custom was to go immediately to the door, and, after paying my respects, to take up the coach and two horses very carefully in my hands (for, if there were six horses, the postillion always unharnessed four,) and place them on a table, where I had fixed a movable rim quite round, of five inches high, to prevent accidents. And I have often had four coaches and horses at once on my table, full of company, while I sat in my chair, leaning my face towards them; and when I was engaged with one set, the coachmen would gently drive the others round my table. I have passed many an afternoon very agreeably in these conversations. But I defy the treasurer, or his two informers (I will name them, and let them make the best of it) Clustril and Drunlo, to prove that any person ever came to me incognito, except the secretary Reldresal, who was sent by express command of his imperial majesty, as I have before related. I should not have dwelt so long upon this particular, if it had not been a point wherein the reputation of a great lady is so nearly concerned, to say nothing of my own; though I then had the honour to be a nardac, which the treasurer himself is not; for all the world knows, that he is only a glumglum, a title inferior by one degree, as that of a marquis is to a duke in England; yet I allow he preceded me in right of his post. These false informations, which I afterwards came to the knowledge of by an accident not proper to mention, made the treasurer show his lady for some time an ill countenance, and me a worse; and

Korean agreeably: 기꺼이, 쾌히, 일치하여, 유 쾌하게, 에 따라서, 에 따라. defy: 도전하다, 무시하다, 반항하다, 거부하다, 허용하지 않다. falsehood: 허위, 거짓말, 잘못. incognito: 가명, 익명, 암행, 익명자, 변명의, 신분을 숨기고, 미행자, 익명 의가명의암행의, 가명으로, 가명자. inferior: 하위의, 하급자, 손아랫사람, 후배, 하등의, 열등한 사람, 하급품, 하급의, 이하위의, 열등한, 밑에 붙은.

lodging: 하숙, 셋방, 숙소, 숙박, 하숙 언저리, 둘러싸다, 테두리 쇠, 큰테, 집, 학장 관사, 주소. 외륜, 변두리, 해면. marquis: 후작, 공작의 장남의 경칭, solemnly: 엄숙하게, 장엄하게, 진지하 영국에서 공작의 장남의 경칭. 게. movable: 움직일 수 있는, 가구, 동산, sufferer: 환자, 수난자, 고생하는 사람, 이동할 수 있는-가재, 이동할 수 있는 이재자, 이재민, 괴로워하는 사람. , 가재, 움직일 수 있는 것. vindicate: 주장하다, 의 정당함을 입증 postillion: 여성 모자의 일종, 기수장. 하다, 풀다, 변호하다, 의 진실함을 입 privately: 은밀히, 개인으로서, 남몰래 증하다, 진실성을 입증하다, 지지하다 , 몰래. , 의 결백함을 입증하다, 옹호하다, 정 rim: 가장자리, 수면, 속이다, 테두리, 당성을 입증하다.

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although he was at last undeceived and reconciled to her, yet I lost all credit with him, and found my interest decline very fast with the emperor himself, who was, indeed, too much governed by that favourite.%

Korean credit: 명성, 신용, 명예, 신용하다, 신 푹, 재빠른, 고감도의. 용 대부, 인정함, 신용장, 신뢰, 수료 indeed: 참으로, 과연, 정말로, 실로, 증명, 믿다, 명예가 되는 것. 정말, 과연그래, 하기는 그래, 하긴, decline: 기울다, 쇠약병, 기욺, 쇠비, 설마, 그렇기는 커녕, 대단히. 사퇴하다, 물가의 하락, 쇠하다, 늘그 lost: 진, 허비한, 잃은, 놓친, 길잃은, 막, 아래로 향하게 하다, 기울어, 경사 정신팔린, 죽인, 파멸된, 잃어버린, 헛 . 되이, 죽은. emperor: 황제, 동 로마 황제, 서 로마 황제. fast: 빠른, 빨리, 단단한, 저항력이 있 는, 굳게, 방탕하여, 착착, 단식하다,

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CHAPTER VII [The%author, being informed of a design to accuse him of high-treason, makes his escape to Blefuscu. His reception there.]

Before I proceed to give an account of my leaving this kingdom, it may be proper to inform the reader of a private intrigue which had been for two months forming against me. I had been hitherto, all my life, a stranger to courts, for which I was unqualified by the meanness of my condition. I had indeed heard and read enough of the dispositions of great princes and ministers, but never expected to have found such terrible effects of them, in so remote a country, governed, as I thought, by very different maxims from those in Europe. When I was just preparing to pay my attendance on the emperor of Blefuscu, a considerable person at court (to whom I had been very serviceable, at a time when he lay under the highest displeasure of his imperial majesty) came to my house very privately at night, in a close chair, and, without sending his name, desired admittance. The chairmen were dismissed; I put the chair, with his lordship in it, into my coat-pocket: and, giving orders to a trusty servant, to say I was indisposed and gone to sleep, I fastened the door of my house, placed the chair on the table, according to my usual custom, and sat down by it. After the common salutations were over, observing his lordship’s countenance full of

Korean accuse: 고발하다, 고소하다, 비난하다, 책하다. admittance: 입장, 입장권. custom: 풍습, 습관, 관습, 세관, 애고, 관세, 규칙, 관례, 고객, 단골, 돌봐줌. displeasure: 불쾌. forming: 형성, 편성, 연합군 부대. hitherto: 지금까지는, 지금까지. indisposed: 기분이 나쁜, 할 마음이 내키지 않는, 몸이 좀 아픈, 마음이 내 키지 않는, 기분이 언짢은, 싫중난.

inform: 밀고하다, 알리다, 알려주다, 는, 기꺼이 도와주는, 쓸모있는. 통지하다, 채우다, 지식을 주다, 기별 stranger: 손님, 제삼자, 낯선 사람, 새 하다, 불어넣다, 고무하다, 분별하다, 로 온 사람, 무 경험자, 모르는 사람, 고발하다. 을 쌀쌀하게대하다, 여보세요, 문외한 lordship: 귀족임, 군주임, 각하, 군주 . 의 신분, 귀족의 신분. trusty: 모범수, 믿을 수 있는, 신뢰할 meanness: 천함, 인색, 조악, 야비, 빈 수 있는, 신용할 수 있는, 믿을 만한 약, 비열, 보잘것 없음, 하찮은, 하찮 사람. 음. unqualified: 제한 없는, 순전한, 무조 serviceable: 쓸모 있는, 오래쓸수 있는 건의, 적임이 아닌, 자격이 업는, 제한 , 튼튼한, 사용할 수 있는, 소용에 닿 되지 않은, 자격이 없는.

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concern, and inquiring into the reason, he desired “I would hear him with patience, in a matter that highly concerned my honour and my life.” His speech was to the following effect, for I took notes of it as soon as he left me:— “You are to know,” said he, “that several committees of council have been lately called, in the most private manner, on your account; and it is but two days since his majesty came to a full resolution.% “You are very sensible that Skyresh Bolgolam” (galbet, or high-admiral) “has been your mortal enemy, almost ever since your arrival. His original reasons I know not; but his hatred is increased since your great success against Blefuscu, by which his glory as admiral is much obscured. This lord, in conjunction with Flimnap the high-treasurer, whose enmity against you is notorious on account of his lady, Limtoc the general, Lalcon the chamberlain, and Balmuff the grand justiciary, have prepared articles of impeachment against you, for treason and other capital crimes.” This preface made me so impatient, being conscious of my own merits and innocence, that I was going to interrupt him; when he entreated me to be silent, and thus proceeded:— “Out of gratitude for the favours you have done me, I procured information of the whole proceedings, and a copy of the articles; wherein I venture my head for your service.

ARTICLES OF IMPEACHMENT AGAINST QUINBUS FLESTRIN (THE MAN-MOUNTAIN) ARTICLE I

Korean admiral: 해군 대장, 제독, 해군 장성 심하는, 참을성없는, 탐나서 못견디는 사령관, 기함, 나비의 속칭, 상선 대장 . , 어선 대장. impeachment: 비난, 고발, 탄핵, 고소. chamberlain: 시종, 회계관, 의전관, innocence: 무죄, 천진난만, 결백, 순진 가령, 체임벌린, 집사, 수납관, 징수원 , 꼭두서니과의 일종, 무해, 순결, 숫 . 됨, 현삼과의 일종, 깨끗함, 때묻지 않 enmity: 적의, 증오. 음. hatred: 증오, 혐오, 몹시 싫어함, 미움. inquiring: 알고 싶어 하는, 묻고 싶은 impatient: 성마른, 안달하는, 참을수 듯한, 묻는, 미심쩍은, 미심쩍은 듯한, 없는, 갈망하는몹시기다려지는, 못 견 알고 싶어하는, 호기심에찬, 캐묻기 디는, 성급한, 안절부절 못하는, 조바 좋아하는, 탐구적인.

interrupt: 방해하다, 가로막다, 중단하 다, 중단시키다, 끼어들다, 일시 정지, 도중에서 방해하다, 저지하다. lately: 요즈음, 최근. notorious: 유명한, 이름난악명높은, 악명높은, 사람 따위 유명한, 행동 따 위 유명한, 주지의, 장소 따위 유명한. preface: 서문, 허두, 시작하다, 머리말, 서문을 쓰다, 에 서문을 붙이다, 에 머 리말을 붙이다. treason: 반역, 배신, 반역죄.

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“ ‘Whereas, by a statute made in the reign of his imperial majesty Calin Deffar Plune, it is enacted, that, whoever shall make water within the precincts of the royal palace, shall be liable to the pains and penalties of high-treason; notwithstanding, the said Quinbus Flestrin, in open breach of the said law, under colour of extinguishing the fire kindled in the apartment of his majesty’s most dear imperial consort, did maliciously, traitorously, and devilishly, by discharge of his urine, put out the said fire kindled in the said apartment, lying and being within the precincts of the said royal palace, against the statute in that case provided, etc. against the duty, etc.% ARTICLE II “ ‘That the said Quinbus Flestrin, having brought the imperial fleet of Blefuscu into the royal port, and being afterwards commanded by his imperial majesty to seize all the other ships of the said empire of Blefuscu, and reduce that empire to a province, to be governed by a viceroy from hence, and to destroy and put to death, not only all the Big-endian exiles, but likewise all the people of that empire who would not immediately forsake the Big-endian heresy, he, the said Flestrin, like a false traitor against his most auspicious, serene, imperial majesty, did petition to be excused from the said service, upon pretence of unwillingness to force the consciences, or destroy the liberties and lives of an innocent people.

ARTICLE III “ ‘That, whereas certain ambassadors arrived from the Court of Blefuscu, to sue for peace in his majesty’s court, he, the said Flestrin, did, like a false traitor, aid, abet, comfort, and divert, the said ambassadors, although he knew them to be servants to a prince who was lately an open enemy to his imperial majesty, and in an open war against his said majesty.

Korean abet: 부추기다. devilishly: 극악무도하게, 지독하게, 악마같이. discharge: 발사하다, 방전, 방출하다, 이행하다, 방전하다, 해임, 짐을부리 다, 번지다, 해고, 해고하다, 발사. forsake: 버리다, 저버리다. heresy: 이교, 이단. liberties: 시효로 얻은특권, 칙허로 얻 은 특권, 특권. notwithstanding: 에도 불구하고, 그런

데도 불구하고, 할지라도, 불구하고, 한데, 그럼에도 불구하고, 함에도 불 구하고, 이라 할지라도. pains: 고생. petition: 기원, 탄원, 애원, 탄원서, 진 정, 청원, 청원하다, 원하다, 에게 청 원하다, 에게 진정하다. pretence: 구실, 주장, 거짓 꾸밈, 허세, 요구, 겉치례, 허위, 겉치레. seize: 잡다, 압류하다, 침범하다, 이용 하다, 움켜쥐다, 이해하다, 잡아매다,

잘 알고 있다, 붙들어 매다, 덮치다, 엄습하다. serene: 고요한, 맑게 갠, 평화로운, 온 화한, 잔잔한, 맑게 갠 하늘, 평온, 고 귀하신, 맑게 하다, 침착한. traitor: 반역자, 배반자, 매국노, 배신 자. traitorously: 불충한, 딴 마음 있는, 반 역죄의, 배반하는. unwillingness: 싫음, 반항적임, 마음 내키지 않음, 내키지않음.

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ARTICLE IV “ ‘That the said Quinbus Flestrin, contrary to the duty of a faithful subject, is now preparing to make a voyage to the court and empire of Blefuscu, for which he has received only verbal license from his imperial majesty; and, under colour of the said license, does falsely and traitorously intend to take the said voyage, and thereby to aid, comfort, and abet the emperor of Blefuscu, so lately an enemy, and in open war with his imperial majesty aforesaid.’ “There are some other articles; but these are the most important, of which I have read you an abstract.% “In the several debates upon this impeachment, it must be confessed that his majesty gave many marks of his great lenity; often urging the services you had done him, and endeavouring to extenuate your crimes. The treasurer and admiral insisted that you should be put to the most painful and ignominious death, by setting fire to your house at night, and the general was to attend with twenty thousand men, armed with poisoned arrows, to shoot you on the face and hands. Some of your servants were to have private orders to strew a poisonous juice on your shirts and sheets, which would soon make you tear your own flesh, and die in the utmost torture. The general came into the same opinion; so that for a long time there was a majority against you; but his majesty resolving, if possible, to spare your life, at last brought off the chamberlain. “Upon this incident, Reldresal, principal secretary for private affairs, who always approved himself your true friend, was commanded by the emperor to deliver his opinion, which he accordingly did; and therein justified the good thoughts you have of him. He allowed your crimes to be great, but that still there was room for mercy, the most commendable virtue in a prince, and for which his majesty was so justly celebrated. He said, the friendship between you and him was so well known to the world, that perhaps the most honourable board might

Korean armed: 무장한. celebrated: 유명한, 저명한. commendable: 칭찬할 만한, 훌륭한, 기특한, 권장할 수 있는. contrary: 반대의, 심술궂은, 상반하는 사물, 정반대, 반대로, 거꾸로, 역, 불 리한, 거꾸로의, 반대명제, 외고집의. extenuate: 경감하다, 변명하다, 얕보 다. faithful: 성실한, 신뢰할 수 있는, 신자 들, 정확한, 충실한, 충실한 신도들,

정확. tear: 눈물, 쥐어뜯다, 찢다, 분열시키 falsely: 거짓으로, 속여서, 불성실하게 다, 비애, 할퀴다, 질주하다, 잡아뜯다 , 부실하게, 부정하게, 잘못하여. , 미친듯이 날뛰다, 괴롭히다, 돌진하 juice: 전기, 가솔린, 액, 즙, 원기, 고기 다. 따위의 국물, 야채의 국물, 분비액, 본 torture: 고문, 곡해하다, 고통, 을 고문 질, 과일의 국물. 하다, 몹시 괴롭히다, 억지로 갖다 붙 lenity: 관대, 자비심이 많음. 이다, 억지로 비틀다, 억지로 꼬부리 poisonous: 유독한, 악의 있는, 유해한 다, 고문하다, 괴롭히다, 심한 고통. . verbal: 구두의, 동사의, 말의, 준동사, strew: 흩뿌려 뒤덮다, 흩뿌리다, 표면 축어적인, 동사적인, 말로 나타낸, 말 에 뿌리다. 뿐인, 말에관한, 말만의, 언쟁.

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think him partial; however, in obedience to the command he had received, he would freely offer his sentiments. That if his majesty, in consideration of your services, and pursuant to his own merciful disposition, would please to spare your life, and only give orders to put out both your eyes, he humbly conceived, that by this expedient justice might in some measure be satisfied, and all the world would applaud the lenity of the emperor, as well as the fair and generous proceedings of those who have the honour to be his counsellors. That the loss of your eyes would be no impediment to your bodily strength, by which you might still be useful to his majesty; that blindness is an addition to courage, by concealing dangers from us; that the fear you had for your eyes, was the greatest difficulty in bringing over the enemy’s fleet, and it would be sufficient for you to see by the eyes of the ministers, since the greatest princes do no more.% “This proposal was received with the utmost disapprobation by the whole board. Bolgolam, the admiral, could not preserve his temper, but, rising up in fury, said, he wondered how the secretary durst presume to give his opinion for preserving the life of a traitor; that the services you had performed were, by all true reasons of state, the great aggravation of your crimes; that you, who were able to extinguish the fire by discharge of urine in her majesty’s apartment (which he mentioned with horror), might, at another time, raise an inundation by the same means, to drown the whole palace; and the same strength which enabled you to bring over the enemy’s fleet, might serve, upon the first discontent, to carry it back; that he had good reasons to think you were a Bigendian in your heart; and, as treason begins in the heart, before it appears in overt-acts, so he accused you as a traitor on that account, and therefore insisted you should be put to death. “The treasurer was of the same opinion: he showed to what straits his majesty’s revenue was reduced, by the charge of maintaining you, which would soon grow insupportable; that the secretary’s expedient of putting out your eyes, was so far from being a remedy against this evil, that it would probably increase it, as is manifest from the common practice of blinding some kind of fowls, after which they fed the faster, and grew sooner fat; that his sacred majesty and the

Korean applaud: 칭찬하다, 찬성하다, 박수갈 만의 원인, 불만이 있는, 불평이 있는. 채하다, 박수 갈채하다, 에게 박수 갈 drown: 잊어버리다, 달래다, 물에 빠 채하다, 성원하다. 지다, 물에빠뜨리다, 들리지않게하다, blinding: 현혹시키는, 눈을 멀게 하는 물에 빠뜨리다, 흠뻑젖게하다, 흠뻑 , 자갈, 새 포장 도로의 틈새기를 메우 젖게하다, 물에빠지다, 들리지 않게하 기 위한 모래, 눈을 어지럽히는, 사려 다, 잊게 하다. 분별을 잃게 하는, 침상, 눈을 부시게 extinguish: 잃게 하다, 끄다, 무색하게 하는, 눈을 멀게하는. 하다, 상각하다, 꺾다, 전멸시키다, 절 blindness: 맹목, 눈이 멀음, 무분별. 멸시키다, 단절시키다, 소멸하다, 압 courage: 용기, 담력, 용감, 배짱. 도하다. discontent: 불만, 불만을 품게하다, 불 impediment: 장애, 언어 장애, 말더듬

이, 방해, 신체장애, 고장, 수하물, 방 해물. insupportable: 견딜 수 없는, 지탱할 수 없는, 참을 수 없는, 지탱할 수 없 는. inundation: 홍수, 범람, 침수, 충만, 쇄도. merciful: 자비로운. preserving: 보호하기. pursuant: 에 따른, 의거한, 준한. straits: 궁핍.

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council, who are your judges, were, in their own consciences, fully convinced of your guilt, which was a sufficient argument to condemn you to death, without the formal proofs required by the strict letter of the law.% “But his imperial majesty, fully determined against capital punishment, was graciously pleased to say, that since the council thought the loss of your eyes too easy a censure, some other way may be inflicted hereafter. And your friend the secretary, humbly desiring to be heard again, in answer to what the treasurer had objected, concerning the great charge his majesty was at in maintaining you, said, that his excellency, who had the sole disposal of the emperor’s revenue, might easily provide against that evil, by gradually lessening your establishment; by which, for want of sufficient for you would grow weak and faint, and lose your appetite, and consequently, decay, and consume in a few months; neither would the stench of your carcass be then so dangerous, when it should become more than half diminished; and immediately upon your death five or six thousand of his majesty’s subjects might, in two or three days, cut your flesh from your bones, take it away by cart-loads, and bury it in distant parts, to prevent infection, leaving the skeleton as a monument of admiration to posterity. “Thus, by the great friendship of the secretary, the whole affair was compromised. It was strictly enjoined, that the project of starving you by degrees should be kept a secret; but the sentence of putting out your eyes was entered on the books; none dissenting, except Bolgolam the admiral, who, being a creature of the empress, was perpetually instigated by her majesty to insist upon your death, she having borne perpetual malice against you, on account of that infamous and illegal method you took to extinguish the fire in her apartment. “In three days your friend the secretary will be directed to come to your house, and read before you the articles of impeachment; and then to signify the great lenity and favour of his majesty and council, whereby you are only condemned to the loss of your eyes, which his majesty does not question you will gratefully and humbly submit to; and twenty of his majesty’s surgeons will attend, in order to see the operation well performed, by discharging very sharppointed arrows into the balls of your eyes, as you lie on the ground.

Korean appetite: 식욕, 욕구, 욕망, 기호. borne: 시야가 좁은, 마음이 좁은. condemn: 불량품으로 결정하다, 비난 하다, 불치의 선고를 내리다, 유죄 판 결을 하다, 유죄로 보이게 하다, 운명 지우다, 수용하다, 나무라다, 죄를 선 고하다, 책망하다, 폐기처분을 선고하 다. consume: 소비하다, 다하다, 소멸하다 , 소멸시키다, 바싹 여위게 하다, 소비 되다, 마음을 좀먹다, 다써버리다, 다

먹어버리다, 소모하다, 낭비하다. 화재의 기념탑. diminished: 감소된, 권위가 떨어진, perpetual: 종신의, 영구한, 끊임없는, 반음 줄인, 감손된. 사철 피는, 영구하다, 다년생 식물, 부 dissenting: 비국교파의, 방대하는, 반 단한, 잔소리 따위 부단한, 영속하는, 대하는. 다년생의, 싸움 따위 부단한. gratefully: 감사하여, 기꺼이. perpetually: 영구히, 영속적으로, 끊임 hereafter: 내세에서, 금후, 앞으로, 이 없이, 그칠사이 없이, 일년 내내, 시종 후. . monument: 기념비, 기념물, 기념관, skeleton: 해골, 골격, 골자, 뼈대, 해골 기념문, 기념상, 문서, 불후의 업적, 의, 여윈, 여윈 사람, 줄기, 최소한도 경계표, 기념탑, 불후의 저작, 런던 대 의, 조직.

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“I leave to your prudence what measures you will take; and to avoid suspicion, I must immediately return in as private a manner as I came.” His lordship did so; and I remained alone, under many doubts and perplexities of mind.% It was a custom introduced by this prince and his ministry (very different, as I have been assured, from the practice of former times,) that after the court had decreed any cruel execution, either to gratify the monarch’s resentment, or the malice of a favourite, the emperor always made a speech to his whole council, expressing his great lenity and tenderness, as qualities known and confessed by all the world. This speech was immediately published throughout the kingdom; nor did any thing terrify the people so much as those encomiums on his majesty’s mercy; because it was observed, that the more these praises were enlarged and insisted on, the more inhuman was the punishment, and the sufferer more innocent. Yet, as to myself, I must confess, having never been designed for a courtier, either by my birth or education, I was so ill a judge of things, that I could not discover the lenity and favour of this sentence, but conceived it (perhaps erroneously) rather to be rigorous than gentle. I sometimes thought of standing my trial, for, although I could not deny the facts alleged in the several articles, yet I hoped they would admit of some extenuation. But having in my life perused many state-trials, which I ever observed to terminate as the judges thought fit to direct, I durst not rely on so dangerous a decision, in so critical a juncture, and against such powerful enemies. Once I was strongly bent upon resistance, for, while I had liberty the whole strength of that empire could hardly subdue me, and I might easily with stones pelt the metropolis to pieces; but I soon rejected that project with horror, by remembering the oath I had made to the emperor, the favours I received from him, and the high title of nardac he conferred upon me. Neither had I so soon learned the gratitude of courtiers, to persuade myself, that his majesty’s present seventies acquitted me of all past obligations. At last, I fixed upon a resolution, for which it is probable I may incur some censure, and not unjustly; for I confess I owe the preserving of mine eyes, and

Korean courtier: 알랑쇠, 조신, 아첨꾼, 정신. enlarged: 넓어지는, 상세하게 설명하 는, 석방하는, 크게 하는, 확장하는. incur: 입다, 분노, 비난, 에 부딪치다, 위험을 초래하다, 초래하다. inhuman: 몰인정한, 비인간적인, 초인 적인, 잔학한, 냉혹한, 잔인한. juncture: 이음매, 연결, 경우, 위기, 접 합, 접속, 연접, 전기. pelt: 생가죽, 던지다, 급히 가다, 속력, 내던짐, 퍼붓다, 염소 따위의 생가죽,

에게 던지다, 양 따위의 생가죽, 세차 게 쏟아지다, 서두르다. pieces: 산산조각. prudence: 신중, 분별, 사려, 검소, 여 자 이름, 사려 분별. resentment: 분개, 원한, 분노. rigorous: 엄밀한, 혹독한, 정확한, 준 비, 정밀한, 엄밀하게, 호된, 엄격한, 장비, 엄한, 사람 등이 혹독한. seventies: 칠십의 기호, 칠십세, 칠십, 칠십년대, 칠십대.

subdue: 정복하다, 억제하다, 이기다, 복종시키다, 누르다, 부드럽게 하다. tenderness: 유연함, 마음이 무름, 민감 , 애정, 유연, 친절, 다정. terminate: 끝나다, 한정하다, 다하다, 끝내다, 의 한계를 이루다, 유한한, 에 서 끝나다. terrify: 겁나게하다, 겁나게 하다, 무섭 게 하다. unjustly: 불공평하게, 부정하게, 부당 하게.

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consequently %my liberty, to my own great rashness and want of experience; because, if I had then known the nature of princes and ministers, which I have since observed in many other courts, and their methods of treating criminals less obnoxious than myself, I should, with great alacrity and readiness, have submitted to so easy a punishment. But hurried on by the precipitancy of youth, and having his imperial majesty’s license to pay my attendance upon the emperor of Blefuscu, I took this opportunity, before the three days were elapsed, to send a letter to my friend the secretary, signifying my resolution of setting out that morning for Blefuscu, pursuant to the leave I had got; and, without waiting for an answer, I went to that side of the island where our fleet lay. I seized a large man of war, tied a cable to the prow, and, lifting up the anchors, I stripped myself, put my clothes (together with my coverlet, which I carried under my arm) into the vessel, and, drawing it after me, between wading and swimming arrived at the royal port of Blefuscu, where the people had long expected me: they lent me two guides to direct me to the capital city, which is of the same name. I held them in my hands, till I came within two hundred yards of the gate, and desired them “to signify my arrival to one of the secretaries, and let him know, I there waited his majesty’s command.” I had an answer in about an hour, “that his majesty, attended by the royal family, and great officers of the court, was coming out to receive me.” I advanced a hundred yards. The emperor and his train alighted from their horses, the empress and ladies from their coaches, and I did not perceive they were in any fright or concern. I lay on the ground to kiss his majesty’s and the empress’s hands. I told his majesty, “that I was come according to my promise, and with the license of the emperor my master, to have the honour of seeing so mighty a monarch, and to offer him any service in my power, consistent with my duty to my own prince;” not mentioning a word of my disgrace, because I had hitherto no regular information of it, and might suppose myself wholly ignorant of any such design; neither could I reasonably conceive that the emperor would discover the secret, while I was out of his power; wherein, however, it soon appeared I was deceived. I shall not trouble the reader with the particular account of my reception at this court, which was suitable to the generosity of so great a prince; nor of the

Korean alacrity: 민활, 활발. cable: 해외 전보, 케이블, 피복 전선, 굵은 밧줄, 닻줄, 강삭, 새끼 모양의 장식을 달다, 해저 전신으로 보내다, 케이블선, 해저 전선, 쇠사슬. coverlet: 침대보, 침대커버, 침대 덮개, 덮개. fright: 돌연한 공포, 우스운 사람, 추악 한사람, 추악한 사람, 우스운사람, 깜 짝 놀라게 하다, 보기 흉한 물건, 도깨 비 같은 사람, 도깨비 같은 물건, 공포

, 보기 흉한 사람. hurried: 매우 급한, 재촉하는. ignorant: 무식한, 을 모르는, 무지몽매 한, 무지에서 비롯되는, 무지한. lent: 사순절, 케리므브즈 대학 춘계 보 트 레이스. obnoxious: 불쾌한, 밉살스러운, 마음 에 걸리는, 미움을 사는. precipitancy: 화급, 경솔, 황급, 경솔한 행위, 허둥대는 행위, 경거망동, 몹시 서두름, 다급.

rashness: 무모, 분별, 무모함. seized: 점유한. signifying: 설전, 서로 악담하기 시합. swimming: 수영, 쉽게, 일사 천리로, 거침 없이, 현기증, 땀으로 넘친, 물로 넘친, 어지러운, 흐르는 듯한, 침 따위 로 넘친, 헤엄치는. vessel: 배, 도관, 용기, 비행선, 그릇, 맥관, 관, 사람. wholly: 완전히, 아주, 오로지, 전적으 로, 어구와함께.

Jonathan Swift

difficulties I was in for want of a house and bed, being forced to lie on the ground, wrapped up in my coverlet.%

Korean bed: 침대, 잠자리, 자다, 취침, 고정시 lie: 거짓말, 방향, 눕다, 위치, 있다, 기 키다, 강바닥-재우다, 화단에 심다, 대다, 향, 거짓말하다, 통해 있다, 사 숙박, 쌓아 올리다, 판판하게 놓다, 취 기, 소굴. 침 시간. difficulties: 항의, 어려움, 곤경, 곤란. forced: 억지의, 강제의, 억지로지은, 강요된, 긴급 때 행하는, 억지로 지은, 무리한. ground: 어스, 흙, 바탕, 기초, 좌초시 키다, 정원, 좌초하다, 근거, 지면, 땅, 접지.

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CHAPTER

%VIII

[The author, by a lucky accident, finds means to leave Blefuscu; and, after some difficulties, returns safe to his native country.]

Three days after my arrival, walking out of curiosity to the north-east coast of the island, I observed, about half a league off in the sea, somewhat that looked like a boat overturned. I pulled off my shoes and stockings, and, wailing two or three hundred yards, I found the object to approach nearer by force of the tide; and then plainly saw it to be a real boat, which I supposed might by some tempest have been driven from a ship. Whereupon, I returned immediately towards the city, and desired his imperial majesty to lend me twenty of the tallest vessels he had left, after the loss of his fleet, and three thousand seamen, under the command of his vice-admiral. This fleet sailed round, while I went back the shortest way to the coast, where I first discovered the boat. I found the tide had driven it still nearer. The seamen were all provided with cordage, which I had beforehand twisted to a sufficient strength. When the ships came up, I stripped myself, and waded till I came within a hundred yards off the boat, after which I was forced to swim till I got up to it. The seamen threw me the end of the cord, which I fastened to a hole in the fore-part of the boat, and the other end to a man of war; but I found all my labour to little purpose; for, being out of my depth, I was not able to work. In this necessity I was forced to swim behind, and

Korean beforehand: 미리, 예기하다, 대비하다 , 전부터, 사전에, 서다, 앞서다, 벌써 부터, 지레 짐작으로, 이전에, 빨리. cordage: 밧줄, 코드수, 삭구, 배의 밧 줄, 코드 수. fleet: 빠른, 함대, 선대, 기단, 후미, 빨 리, 차량, 지나가 버리다, 강어귀, 비 행대, 선단. imperial: 황제의, 제국의, 대영제국의, 제권의, 장엄한, 당당한, 우수한, 거만 한, 최고 권위의, 오만한, 황후의.

lend: 빌려주다, 증대시키다, 더하다, 꾸어주다, 도와주다, 돈을 꾸어주다. native: 원주민, 토착의, 자기나라의, 출생의, 타고난, 미개인, 그 지방 고유 의, 토착의 동식물, 오스트레일리아 태생의 백인, 토인의, 양식한 영국산 굴. necessity: 필수품, 궁핍, 필요, 필요성, 필연, 필요물, 불가피, 긴급한 필요, 궁상, 궁경, 불가결한 것. shoes: 구두.

swim: 헤엄치다, 물고기의 부레, 수영, 띄우다, 미끄러지다, 뜨다, 넘치다, 헤 엄치는 시간, 헤엄, 헤엄치게 하다, 현 기증이 나다. tempest: 대소동, 사나운비바람, 폭풍 우, 대폭풍우, 대폭설, 몹시 사나워지 게 하다. tide: 풍조, 때, 경향, 극복하다, 조수, 흐름, 조수를 타고가다, 헤어나게 하 다, 성쇠, 나르다, 견뎌내게 하다. vice-admiral: 해군 중장.

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push the boat forward, as often as I could, with one of my hands; and the tide favouring me, I advanced so far that I could just hold up my chin and feel the ground. I rested two or three minutes, and then gave the boat another shove, and so on, till the sea was no higher than my arm-pits; and now, the most laborious part being over, I took out my other cables, which were stowed in one of the ships, and fastened them first to the boat, and then to nine of the vessels which attended me; the wind being favourable, the seamen towed, and I shoved, until we arrived within forty yards of the shore; and, waiting till the tide was out, I got dry to the boat, and by the assistance of two thousand men, with ropes and engines, I made a shift to turn it on its bottom, and found it was but little damaged.% I shall not trouble the reader with the difficulties I was under, by the help of certain paddles, which cost me ten days making, to get my boat to the royal port of Blefuscu, where a mighty concourse of people appeared upon my arrival, full of wonder at the sight of so prodigious a vessel. I told the emperor “that my good fortune had thrown this boat in my way, to carry me to some place whence I might return into my native country; and begged his majesty’s orders for getting materials to fit it up, together with his license to depart;” which, after some kind expostulations, he was pleased to grant. I did very much wonder, in all this time, not to have heard of any express relating to me from our emperor to the court of Blefuscu. But I was afterward given privately to understand, that his imperial majesty, never imagining I had the least notice of his designs, believed I was only gone to Blefuscu in performance of my promise, according to the license he had given me, which was well known at our court, and would return in a few days, when the ceremony was ended. But he was at last in pain at my long absence; and after consulting with the treasurer and the rest of that cabal, a person of quality was dispatched with the copy of the articles against me. This envoy had instructions to represent to the monarch of Blefuscu, “the great lenity of his master, who was content to punish me no farther than with the loss of mine eyes; that I had fled from justice; and if I did not return in two hours, I should be deprived of my title

Korean afterward: 나중에, 그 후, 뒤에. arrival: 도착, 도착자, 출현, 도달, 신생 아, 입항, 출생, 도착의, 도착자물. articles: 도제 살이 계약, 계약, 도제 계 약. cabal: 도당, 비밀결사, 음모를 꾸미다, 작당하다, 음모를꾸미다, 음모단, 음 모. ceremony: 예의, 의식, 식전, 형식, 딱 딱함, 식, 의례. chin: 턱, 지껄이다, 지껄임, 턱에 갖다

대다, 잡담, 턱끝, 턱에 대다, 턱끝-지 껄이다, 턱걸이 하다, 턱걸이하다. consulting: 자문의, 진찰 전문의, 잔찰 을 위한, 진찰의, 고문의. deprived: 가난한, 가난한 사람들, 불 우한. envoy: 결구, 사절, 전권공사, 공사, 시 의 결구, 외교관, 특히 전권 공사. favourable: 유리한, 승낙의, 알맞은, 찬성의, 호희를 보이는, 유망한, 호의 를 보이는.

instructions: 훈령. laborious: 힘드는, 부지런한. pleased: 기뻐하는, 만족한. shift: 교대, 속이다, 변화, 바꾸다, 변 경, 옮기다, 임시변통으로, 꾸려나가 다, 움직이다, 이리저리 변동하다, 방 책. shove: 밀치다, 출발하다, 떠나다, 밀어 내다, 찌르다, 저어 나아가다, 떼밀기, 밀다, 지지, 밀어 만들다, 한 번 떼밀 기.

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of%nardac, and declared a traitor.” The envoy further added, “that in order to maintain the peace and amity between both empires, his master expected that his brother of Blefuscu would give orders to have me sent back to Lilliput, bound hand and foot, to be punished as a traitor.” The emperor of Blefuscu, having taken three days to consult, returned an answer consisting of many civilities and excuses. He said, “that as for sending me bound, his brother knew it was impossible; that, although I had deprived him of his fleet, yet he owed great obligations to me for many good offices I had done him in making the peace. That, however, both their majesties would soon be made easy; for I had found a prodigious vessel on the shore, able to carry me on the sea, which he had given orders to fit up, with my own assistance and direction; and he hoped, in a few weeks, both empires would be freed from so insupportable an encumbrance.” With this answer the envoy returned to Lilliput; and the monarch of Blefuscu related to me all that had passed; offering me at the same time (but under the strictest confidence) his gracious protection, if I would continue in his service; wherein, although I believed him sincere, yet I resolved never more to put any confidence in princes or ministers, where I could possibly avoid it; and therefore, with all due acknowledgments for his favourable intentions, I humbly begged to be excused. I told him, “that since fortune, whether good or evil, had thrown a vessel in my way, I was resolved to venture myself on the ocean, rather than be an occasion of difference between two such mighty monarchs.” Neither did I find the emperor at all displeased; and I discovered, by a certain accident, that he was very glad of my resolution, and so were most of his ministers. These considerations moved me to hasten my departure somewhat sooner than I intended; to which the court, impatient to have me gone, very readily contributed. Five hundred workmen were employed to make two sails to my boat, according to my directions, by quilting thirteen folds of their strongest linen together. I was at the pains of making ropes and cables, by twisting ten, twenty, or thirty of the thickest and strongest of theirs. A great stone that I happened to find, after a long search, by the sea-shore, served me for an anchor. I

Korean amity: 침목, 친화, 친목. assistance: 원조, 참석자, 조력, 거듦. consult: 고려하다, 상의하다, 참고하 다, 찾다, 의견을 묻다, 조사하다, 의 견을 듣다, 상담하다, 진찰을 받다, 의 논하다, 컨설턴트 직을 맡다. departure: 이탈, 출발, 발차, 변경, 출 발의, 동서 거리, 새 발전, 사망. displeased: 화난. evil: 해악, 불길한, 나쁜, 악, 악행, 해 로운, 해롭게, 사악하게, 불운한, 불행

하게, 사악한. hasten: 서두르다, 재촉하다, 서두르게 하다. ocean: 대양, 끝없이 넓음, 막대한 양, 많음, 양. quilting: 누비 이불의 재료, 속을 넣어 누비기, 누비질, 이불감, 누비이불감, 누비 이불 만드는 여자들의 모임. readily: 쾌히, 손쉽게, 쉽사리, 기꺼이, 서슴없이, 선뜻, 쉽게. resolved: 단호한, 결심한, 깊이 생각한

, 숙고한, 결의한. sincere: 성실한, 진실의. sooner: 선구적 이주자, 선구이주민, 선수치는 사람. thirteen: 십삼세, 십삼세의, 십삼의, 열 세개, 열셋. venture: 투기, 모험, 되는 대로, 결행 하다, 위험을 무릅쓰고하다, 걸다, 위 험을 무릅쓰고 해보다, 용기를 내어 발표하다, 위험에 직면케 하다, 용기 를 내어 가다, 건 물건.

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had the tallow of three hundred cows, for greasing my boat, and other uses. I was at incredible pains in cutting down some of the largest timber-trees, for oars and masts, wherein I was, however, much assisted by his majesty’s shipcarpenters, who helped me in smoothing them, after I had done the rough work.% In about a month, when all was prepared, I sent to receive his majesty’s commands, and to take my leave. The emperor and royal family came out of the palace; I lay down on my face to kiss his hand, which he very graciously gave me: so did the empress and young princes of the blood. His majesty presented me with fifty purses of two hundred sprugs a-piece, together with his picture at full length, which I put immediately into one of my gloves, to keep it from being hurt. The ceremonies at my departure were too many to trouble the reader with at this time. I stored the boat with the carcases of a hundred oxen, and three hundred sheep, with bread and drink proportionable, and as much meat ready dressed as four hundred cooks could provide. I took with me six cows and two bulls alive, with as many ewes and rams, intending to carry them into my own country, and propagate the breed. And to feed them on board, I had a good bundle of hay, and a bag of corn. I would gladly have taken a dozen of the natives, but this was a thing the emperor would by no means permit; and, besides a diligent search into my pockets, his majesty engaged my honour “not to carry away any of his subjects, although with their own consent and desire.” Having thus prepared all things as well as I was able, I set sail on the twentyfourth day of September 1701, at six in the morning; and when I had gone about four-leagues to the northward, the wind being at south-east, at six in the evening I descried a small island, about half a league to the north-west. I advanced forward, and cast anchor on the lee-side of the island, which seemed to be uninhabited. I then took some refreshment, and went to my rest. I slept well, and as I conjectured at least six hours, for I found the day broke in two hours after I awaked. It was a clear night. I ate my breakfast before the sun was up; and heaving anchor, the wind being favourable, I steered the same course that I had

Korean commands: 명령. corn: 옥수수, 밀, 티눈, 곡물, 낟알, 못, 귀리, 감상적인 음악, 곡초, 뿔이 있는 의 뜻, 소금을 뿌리다. diligent: 부지런한, 근면한. engaged: 바쁜, 약속된, 교전중인, 고 용된, 약혼중인, 용무중인, 통화중인, 약혼인, 연동의, 종사하는, 벽에 반쯤 묻힌. gladly: 기꺼이, 즐거이, 쾌히. greasing: 기름치는 것.

hay: 건초, 건초를 만들다, 마초, 잔돈 의, 잔돈, 건초의. heaving: 올림, 끌어올림, 들어올림. incredible: 믿어지지 않는, 엄청난, 거 짓말 같은, 굉장한, 놀라운, 믿기 어려 운, 신용할수 없는, 놀랄만한. intending: 미래의.지망하는. northward: 북방, 북을 향하여, 북쪽으 로, 북쪽으로의, 북, 북을향한, 북으로 향한, 북쪽으로 향해서, 북쪽으로 향 한, 북으로 향해서.

permit: 허락하다, 가능하게 하다, 가 능하게하다, 면허, 하게 내버려 두다, 허가, 여유가 있다, 용납하다, 허가증. sail: 돛, 범주, 척의 배, 돛배, 범주력, 항정, 날개, 달리게 하다, 범주하다, 돛단배, 건너다. tallow: 짐승 기름, 수지 양초, 수지가 생기다, 수지를 바르다, 살찌게 하다, 수지, 짐승기름. uninhabited: 무인의, 사람이 살지 않 은, 사람이 살지 않는.

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done the day before, wherein I was directed by my pocket compass. My intention was to reach, if possible, one of those islands. which I had reason to believe lay to the north-east of Van Diemen’s Land. I discovered nothing all that day; but upon the next, about three in the afternoon, when I had by my computation made twenty-four leagues from Blefuscu, I descried a sail steering to the south-east; my course was due east. I hailed her, but could get no answer; yet I found I gained upon her, for the wind slackened. I made all the sail I could, and in half an hour she spied me, then hung out her ancient, and discharged a gun. It is not easy to express the joy I was in, upon the unexpected hope of once more seeing my beloved country, and the dear pledges I left in it. The ship slackened her sails, and I came up with her between five and six in the evening, September 26th; but my heart leaped within me to see her English colours. I put my cows and sheep into my coat-pockets, and got on board with all my little cargo of provisions. The vessel was an English merchantman, returning from Japan by the North and South seas; the captain, Mr. John Biddel, of Deptford, a very civil man, and an excellent sailor.% We were now in the latitude of 30 degrees south; there were about fifty men in the ship; and here I met an old comrade of mine, one Peter Williams, who gave me a good character to the captain. This gentleman treated me with kindness, and desired I would let him know what place I came from last, and whither I was bound; which I did in a few words, but he thought I was raving, and that the dangers I underwent had disturbed my head; whereupon I took my black cattle and sheep out of my pocket, which, after great astonishment, clearly convinced him of my veracity. I then showed him the gold given me by the emperor of Blefuscu, together with his majesty’s picture at full length, and some other rarities of that country. I gave him two purses of two hundreds sprugs each, and promised, when we arrived in England, to make him a present of a cow and a sheep big with young. I shall not trouble the reader with a particular account of this voyage, which was very prosperous for the most part. We arrived in the Downs on the 13th of April, 1702. I had only one misfortune, that the rats on board carried away one

Korean beloved: 가장 사랑하는, 애인, 남편, 소중한-가장 사랑하는 사람, 아내, 가 장 사랑하는 사람, 귀여운, 애용하는, 여보, 사랑받아, 사랑스러운. cattle: 소, 가축, 해충, 말, 짐승 같은 놈들, 개새끼들, 축우. convinced: 확신을 가진, 신념이 있는. cow: 암소, 암컷, 으르다, 단정치 못한 여자, 위협하다, 겁을 먹게하다, 젖소, 축우. directed: 규제된, 유도된, 지시받은.

disturbed: 교란된, 정신장애자, 사란 한, 산란한, 정서장애가 있는, 정서장 애자, 정신장애가 있는. gun: 대포, 도둑, 소총, 피스톨, 발포, 평사포, 호포, 총, 직업적인 살인자, 대포의 발사, 분무기. joy: 즐거움, 기쁨, 기뻐하다, 기쁘게 하다, 기쁨거리, 행복, 기쁘게 해주다, 기쁨을 주는 것. merchantman: 상선, 상인. misfortune: 불행, 불운, 재난.

north-east: 북동에, 북동, 북동에 면한 , 북동으로, 북동의, 북동에 있는. provisions: 식량. raving: 굉장한, 헛소리, 광란, 대단한, 대단히, 노호, 헛소리하는, 헛소리를 하는, 미쳐날뛰는, 광란의, 광란하는. sheep: 양, 신자, 양가죽, 어리석은 사 람, 교구민, 온순한사람, 겁쟁이. steering: 조타, 조정, 등선실, 조타의. unexpected: 뜻하지 않은, 뜻밖의, 예 기치 않은.

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of my sheep; I found her bones in a hole, picked clean from the flesh. The rest of my cattle I got safe ashore, and set them a-grazing in a bowling-green at Greenwich, where the fineness of the grass made them feed very heartily, though I had always feared the contrary: neither could I possibly have preserved them in so long a voyage, if the captain had not allowed me some of his best biscuit, which, rubbed to powder, and mingled with water, was their constant food. The short time I continued in England, I made a considerable profit by showing my cattle to many persons of quality and others: and before I began my second voyage, I sold them for six hundred pounds. Since my last return I find the breed is considerably increased, especially the sheep, which I hope will prove much to the advantage of the woollen manufacture, by the fineness of the fleeces.% I stayed but two months with my wife and family, for my insatiable desire of seeing foreign countries, would suffer me to continue no longer. I left fifteen hundred pounds with my wife, and fixed her in a good house at Redriff. My remaining stock I carried with me, part in money and part in goods, in hopes to improve my fortunes. My eldest uncle John had left me an estate in land, near Epping, of about thirty pounds a-year; and I had a long lease of the Black Bull in Fetter-Lane, which yielded me as much more; so that I was not in any danger of leaving my family upon the parish. My son Johnny, named so after his uncle, was at the grammar-school, and a towardly child. My daughter Betty (who is now well married, and has children) was then at her needle-work. I took leave of my wife, and boy and girl, with tears on both sides, and went on board the Adventure, a merchant ship of three hundred tons, bound for Surat, captain John Nicholas, of Liverpool, commander. But my account of this voyage must be referred to the Second Part of my Travels.

Korean biscuit: 비스킷, 작은 빵, 비스킷 색, 는, 물릴 줄 모르는, 탐욕한, 만족할 질그릇. 줄 모르는. breed: 품종, 종류, 기르다, 씨를 받다, lease: 임대하다, 빌리다, 임차하다, 땅 임신하고 있다, 가르치다, 번식시키다 을 임대하다, 땅을 임차하다, 차지계 , 양육하다, 발생하다, 새끼를 낳다, 약, 차가계약, 조차, 임차권. 낳다. manufacture: 제조하다, 제품, 날조하 eldest: 가장나이많은, 가장 나이 많은. 다, 남작하다, 제조업, 제작, 제조, 제 fineness: 아름다움, 훌륭함, 우량, 섬 작하다, 문예작품 따위를 남작하다, 세, 순수도, 섬세함, 예민함, 정교함, 문예 작품 따위의 남작, 말을 날조하 순도, 정확함, 순수. 다. insatiable: 탐욕스러운, 만족할줄 모르 merchant: 상인, 소매상인, 무역상인,

도매상인, 광, 상업의, 표준규격의, 표 준규격형의. powder: 가루, 가루분, 가루약, 가루를 뿌리다, 가루분을 바르다, 가루가 되 다, 화약-가루로하다, 화약, 에 조미 료를 치다, 분, 분설. preserved: 보호한. towardly: 적절한, 친절한, 형편이 좋 은, 가망성이 있는. woollen: 양모의, 모직의, 모직물을 취 급하는.

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PART II— A VOYAGE TO BROBDINGNAG

Jonathan Swift

CHAPTER

75

%I

[A great storm described; the long boat sent to fetch water; the author goes with it to discover the country. He is left on shore, is seized by one of the natives, and carried to a farmer’s house. His reception, with several accidents that happened there. A description of the inhabitants.]

Having been condemned, by nature and fortune, to active and restless life, in two months after my return, I again left my native country, and took shipping in the Downs, on the 20th day of June, 1702, in the Adventure, Captain John Nicholas, a Cornish man, commander, bound for Surat. We had a very prosperous gale, till we arrived at the Cape of Good Hope, where we landed for fresh water; but discovering a leak, we unshipped our goods and wintered there; for the captain falling sick of an ague, we could not leave the Cape till the end of March. We then set sail, and had a good voyage till we passed the Straits of Madagascar; but having got northward of that island, and to about five degrees south latitude, the winds, which in those seas are observed to blow a constant equal gale between the north and west, from the beginning of December to the beginning of May, on the 19th of April began to blow with much greater violence, and more westerly than usual, continuing so for twenty days together: during which time, we were driven a little to the east of the Molucca Islands, and about three degrees northward of the line, as our captain found by an observation he

Korean ague: 오한, 학질. 폭소, 실바람, 버드소귀나무의 일종, 적인, 쉬지 않는, 쉬지 못하게 하는, condemned: 저주받은, 유죄 선고를 폭풍, 정기 지불금, 미풍, 광희. 들떠 있는, 부단한, 침착하지 않은. 받은, 사형수의, 몰수학로 된, 유죄선 landed: 소유지의, 토지를 갖고 있는, shipping: 해운업, 선박, 선박 톤수, 선 고를 받은, 사용 부적으로 판정된, 몰 토지의, 토지를 소유한, 양륙한, 토지 적, 실어 보내기, 출하, 수송, 배에 싣 수로 정해진, 구제할 길 없는, 몰수하 로 된. 기, 선박주, 해운, 적하. 기로 된. leak: 새다, 샘, 새는 구멍이 있다, 새는 storm: 폭풍우, 강습, 강습하다, 날뛰다 fetch: 가져오다, 도달하다, 내다, 오게 곳, 누전, 새기 시작하다, 새다비, 새 , 호통치다, 빗발치듯 하는 총알, 큰비 하다, 불러오다, 팔리다, 가하다, 가하 는 구멍, 비밀 따위가 새다, 새는 물, , 폭발, 돌진하다, 험알해지다, 심한 다-물건을가져오다, 갖다 주다, 물건 새게 하다. 천둥. 을가져오다, 의 마음을 사로잡다. restless: 끊임없는, 불안한, 침착하지 westerly: 서쪽에서, 서쪽으로 향한, 서 gale: 강풍, 큰바람, 흥분 상태, 환희, 못한, 잠잘 수 없는, 잠못이루는, 활동 방의, 서방에.

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took the 2nd of May, at which time the wind ceased, and it was a perfect calm, whereat I was not a little rejoiced. But he, being a man well experienced in the navigation of those seas, bid us all prepare against a storm, which accordingly happened the day following: for the southern wind, called the southern monsoon, began to set in.% Finding it was likely to overblow, we took in our sprit-sail, and stood by to hand the fore-sail; but making foul weather, we looked the guns were all fast, and handed the mizen. The ship lay very broad off, so we thought it better spooning before the sea, than trying or hulling. We reefed the fore-sail and set him, and hauled aft the fore-sheet; the helm was hard a-weather. The ship wore bravely. We belayed the fore down-haul; but the sail was split, and we hauled down the yard, and got the sail into the ship, and unbound all the things clear of it. It was a very fierce storm; the sea broke strange and dangerous. We hauled off upon the laniard of the whip-staff, and helped the man at the helm. We would not get down our topmast, but let all stand, because she scudded before the sea very well, and we knew that the top-mast being aloft, the ship was the wholesomer, and made better way through the sea, seeing we had sea-room. When the storm was over, we set fore-sail and main-sail, and brought the ship to. Then we set the mizen, main-top-sail, and the fore-top-sail. Our course was eastnorth-east, the wind was at south-west. We got the starboard tacks aboard, we cast off our weather-braces and lifts; we set in the lee-braces, and hauled forward by the weather-bowlings, and hauled them tight, and belayed them, and hauled over the mizen tack to windward, and kept her full and by as near as she would lie. During this storm, which was followed by a strong wind west-south-west, we were carried, by my computation, about five hundred leagues to the east, so that the oldest sailor on board could not tell in what part of the world we were. Our provisions held out well, our ship was staunch, and our crew all in good health; but we lay in the utmost distress for water. We thought it best to hold on the same course, rather than turn more northerly, which might have brought us to the north-west part of Great Tartary, and into the Frozen Sea.

Korean aft: 고무쪽에, 후미에, 고물에, 고물에 있는, 고물쪽에, 흔히, 종종, 고물쪽에 있는. aloft: 높이, 돛대 꼭대기에, 위로, 위쪽 에, 위에. fore: 전면, 전방에-전방, 전방에, 기수 에, 이 위험하다, 의 에, 앞쪽, 전방, 이물에, 앞 전방의, 앞 앞면의. helm: 키, 자루, 지도, 지도하다, 키를 잡다, 의 키를 다루다, 지배권, 지배. laniard: 방아끈.

mizen: 뒷돛대의 세로돛 뒷돛대의, 뒷 돛대에 치는, 미즌, 뒷돛대의. monsoon: 계절풍, 우기, 인도의 우기, 계절. northerly: 북으로 부터의, 북쪽으로북 풍, 북쪽에 위치한, 북쪽으로, 북쪽으 로 향한, 북풍, 북으로. overblow: 흩날리다, 지나치게 세게 불다, 지나치게 부풀리다, 불어 쓰러 뜨리다, 불어 날리다. starboard: 우현으로 돌리다, 우현, 진

로를 오른쪽으로 잡다, 우현의, 우현 쪽의. staunch: 물이 새지 않는. topmast: 중간 돛대, 톱마스터. unbound: 족쇄가 벗겨진, 매여 있지 않은. whereat: 그래서, 왜, 무엇때문에, 그러 자, 무엇에 대하여, 한 바의, 하는 바 의. windward: 바람 불어오는 쪽, 바람 불 어오는 쪽의, 바람 불어오는 쪽으로.

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On%the 16th day of June, 1703, a boy on the top-mast discovered land. On the 17th, we came in full view of a great island, or continent (for we knew not whether;) on the south side whereof was a small neck of land jutting out into the sea, and a creek too shallow to hold a ship of above one hundred tons. We cast anchor within a league of this creek, and our captain sent a dozen of his men well armed in the long-boat, with vessels for water, if any could be found. I desired his leave to go with them, that I might see the country, and make what discoveries I could. When we came to land we saw no river or spring, nor any sign of inhabitants. Our men therefore wandered on the shore to find out some fresh water near the sea, and I walked alone about a mile on the other side, where I observed the country all barren and rocky. I now began to be weary, and seeing nothing to entertain my curiosity, I returned gently down towards the creek; and the sea being full in my view, I saw our men already got into the boat, and rowing for life to the ship. I was going to holla after them, although it had been to little purpose, when I observed a huge creature walking after them in the sea, as fast as he could: he waded not much deeper than his knees, and took prodigious strides: but our men had the start of him half a league, and, the sea thereabouts being full of sharp-pointed rocks, the monster was not able to overtake the boat. This I was afterwards told, for I durst not stay to see the issue of the adventure; but ran as fast as I could the way I first went, and then climbed up a steep hill, which gave me some prospect of the country. I found it fully cultivated; but that which first surprised me was the length of the grass, which, in those grounds that seemed to be kept for hay, was about twenty feet high. I fell into a high road, for so I took it to be, though it served to the inhabitants only as a foot-path through a field of barley. Here I walked on for some time, but could see little on either side, it being now near harvest, and the corn rising at least forty feet. I was an hour walking to the end of this field, which was fenced in with a hedge of at least one hundred and twenty feet high, and the trees so lofty that I could make no computation of their altitude. There was a stile to pass from this field into the next. It had four steps, and a stone to cross over when you came to the uppermost. It was impossible for me to climb this stile, because every step was six-feet high, and the upper stone about twenty. I was

Korean altitude: 높이, 고도, 높은, 높은 자리, 정점에서 밑변까지의 수직 거리. barren: 임신 못하는, 불모의, 메마른, 열매를 맺지 않는, 농작물이 나지않는 , 재미없는, 무익한, 내용이 보잘것 없 는, 새끼를 못 낳는, 효과없는, 황야. creek: 작은 만, 후미, 작은 내, 크리크 동맹, 크리크 말, 크리크족, 지류, 내 포, 작은내, 크리크, 크리크 사람. cultivated: 경작된, 양식된, 세련된, 개 간된, 배양된, 교양있는, 재배된, 교양

있는. 다, 재난 따위가 엄습해오다, 차가 추 fenced: 매매하는, 펜싱하는, 뛰어넘는 월을 하다, 추월을 하다, 추월하다, 폭 , 잘얼버무리는, 에 울타리를 치는, 에 풍우 따위가 엄습해오다. 담을 치는, 얼버무리는, 고매하는. stile: 층계, 회전식 문, 울타리에 낸 디 jutting: 튀어나온. 딤대. lofty: 거만한, 고상한, 당당한, 치속은, thereabouts: 대략, 그 근처에서, 그 무 대단히 높은, 숭고한, 거드럭거리는, 렵에, 그 당시, 그분근에, 그분근처에. 매우 높은. uppermost: 최상의, 최초로, 가장 눈에 overtake: 갑자기 덮쳐오다, 에 뒤따라 띄는, 맨먼저 마음에 떠오르는, 최고 미치다, 만회하다, 뒤떨어진 일 따위 위에, 최상에, 최고의, 맨 먼저 마음에 를 만회하다, 상회하다, 을 뒤따라 잡 떠오르는, 맨 앞에, 맨 위에, 맨 먼저.

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endeavouring to find %some gap in the hedge, when I discovered one of the inhabitants in the next field, advancing towards the stile, of the same size with him whom I saw in the sea pursuing our boat. He appeared as tall as an ordinary spire steeple, and took about ten yards at every stride, as near as I could guess. I was struck with the utmost fear and astonishment, and ran to hide myself in the corn, whence I saw him at the top of the stile looking back into the next field on the right hand, and heard him call in a voice many degrees louder than a speaking-trumpet: but the noise was so high in the air, that at first I certainly thought it was thunder. Whereupon seven monsters, like himself, came towards him with reaping-hooks in their hands, each hook about the largeness of six scythes. These people were not so well clad as the first, whose servants or labourers they seemed to be; for, upon some words he spoke, they went to reap the corn in the field where I lay. I kept from them at as great a distance as I could, but was forced to move with extreme difficulty, for the stalks of the corn were sometimes not above a foot distant, so that I could hardly squeeze my body betwixt them. However, I made a shift to go forward, till I came to a part of the field where the corn had been laid by the rain and wind. Here it was impossible for me to advance a step; for the stalks were so interwoven, that I could not creep through, and the beards of the fallen ears so strong and pointed, that they pierced through my clothes into my flesh. At the same time I heard the reapers not a hundred yards behind me. Being quite dispirited with toil, and wholly overcome by grief and dispair, I lay down between two ridges, and heartily wished I might there end my days. I bemoaned my desolate widow and fatherless children. I lamented my own folly and wilfulness, in attempting a second voyage, against the advice of all my friends and relations. In this terrible agitation of mind, I could not forbear thinking of Lilliput, whose inhabitants looked upon me as the greatest prodigy that ever appeared in the world; where I was able to draw an imperial fleet in my hand, and perform those other actions, which will be recorded for ever in the chronicles of that empire, while posterity shall hardly believe them, although attested by millions. I reflected what a mortification it must prove to me, to appear as inconsiderable in this nation, as one single Lilliputian would be among us. But this I conceived was to be the least

Korean agitation: 선동, 동요, 흥분, 동란, 논의 , 뒤흔들기. attested: 공정 기준 합격의, 무병보증 된, 증명된. betwixt: 이도저도 아니게, 중간에. dispirited: 기가 꺾인, 낙심한. fatherless: 아버지가 없는, 작자 미상 의, 아버지를 알 수 없는. inconsiderable: 사소한, 중요치 않은, 하찮은, 중요하지 않은. lamented: 애도를 받는.

largeness: 다수의, 막연히, 큰, 관대한, 가는 잎, 끝이 가늘고 뾰족한 것, 나탑 큼, 위대함, 과장된 상태, 관대. , 돌출하다. mortification: 굴욕, 고행, 금욕, 탈저, steeple: 뾰족탑, 뾰족한 탑. 억울함, 회저, 분함, 억울한 일. thunder: 위협, 우레, 천둥, 비난, 호통, prodigy: 천재, 경탄, 비범, 장관, 불가 장기를 가로채다, 요란한 울림, 천둥 사의한 것, 비범의. 치다, 위협하다, 호통치다, 요란한 소 reap: 베다, 획득하다, 베어들이다, 수 리를 내다. 확하다, 받다, 얻다, 거두다, 보답 따 toil: 수고, 힘드는일, 그물, 수고하다, 위를 받다. 올가미, 고생, 노고, 애써 나아가다, spire: 가는 줄기, 싹트다, 뾰족탑, 쑥 짐승 잡는 그물, 힘써 일하다, 을 애써 내밀다, 소용돌이, 절정, 첨탑을 달다, 이룩하다.

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of my misfortunes; for, as human creatures are observed to be more savage and cruel in proportion to their bulk, what could I expect but to be a morsel in the mouth of the first among these enormous barbarians that should happen to seize me? Undoubtedly philosophers are in the right, when they tell us that nothing is great or little otherwise than by comparison. It might have pleased fortune, to have let the Lilliputians find some nation, where the people were as diminutive with respect to them, as they were to me. And who knows but that even this prodigious race of mortals might be equally overmatched in some distant part of the world, whereof we have yet no discovery.% Scared and confounded as I was, I could not forbear going on with these reflections, when one of the reapers, approaching within ten yards of the ridge where I lay, made me apprehend that with the next step I should be squashed to death under his foot, or cut in two with his reaping-hook. And therefore, when he was again about to move, I screamed as loud as fear could make me: whereupon the huge creature trod short, and, looking round about under him for some time, at last espied me as I lay on the ground. He considered awhile, with the caution of one who endeavours to lay hold on a small dangerous animal in such a manner that it shall not be able either to scratch or bite him, as I myself have sometimes done with a weasel in England. At length he ventured to take me behind, by the middle, between his fore-finger and thumb, and brought me within three yards of his eyes, that he might behold my shape more perfectly. I guessed his meaning, and my good fortune gave me so much presence of mind, that I resolved not to struggle in the least as he held me in the air above sixty feet from the ground, although he grievously pinched my sides, for fear I should slip through his fingers. All I ventured was to raise mine eyes towards the sun, and place my hands together in a supplicating posture, and to speak some words in a humble melancholy tone, suitable to the condition I then was in: for I apprehended every moment that he would dash me against the ground, as we usually do any little hateful animal, which we have a mind to destroy. But my good star would have it, that he appeared pleased with my voice and gestures, and began to look upon me as a curiosity, much wondering to hear me pronounce articulate words, although he could not understand them. In the

Korean articulate: 관절로 잇다, 분명한, 의견 을 분명히 말할 수 있똑똑히 발음하다 , 또렷한, 음절이 있는, 생각을 명료하 게 표현할 수 있는, 생각을 명료하게 말할 수 있는, 생각을 또렷하게 표현 할 수 있는, 말을 명료하게 말할 수 있 는, 말을 또렷하게 표현할 수 있는, 말 을 또렷하게 말할 수 있는. dash: 대시, 끼얹다, 단숨에 하다, 내던 지다, 단거리 경주, 기운, 기미, 기를 꺽다, 허세, 충동, 위세.

grievously: 슬프도록. hateful: 미운, 싫은, 증오에 찬, 지긋지 긋한, 가증스런, 가증스러운, 미워할 만한. pinched: 여윈, 옹색한, 바싹 죈. pronounce: 발음하다, 의견을 말하다, 판단을 내리다, 선고하다, 말하다, 단 언하다-발음하다, 선언하다. savage: 야만적인, 야만인, 잔인, 사나 운, 잔인한, 황량한, 세련되지 못한, 최고의, 야만적인 사람, 물어 뜯다, 나

체의. scratch: 긁다, 긁힌 상처, 말살하다, 갈 겨 쓰다, 근근히 살아가다, 긁는 일, 소정의 규준에 달하다, 어쩌다 맞기, 우비어 파다, 지우다, 찰과상. supplicating: 간청하는. weasel: 족제비, 교활한 사람, 수륙 양 용차, 교활한 사나이, 말끝을 흐리다, 밀고하다, 설상차, 의무등을 기피하다 , 의무등을 회피하다. wondering: 이상한 듯한.

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mean time I was not able to forbear groaning and shedding tears, and turning my head towards my sides; letting him know, as well as I could, how cruelly I was hurt by the pressure of his thumb and finger. He seemed to apprehend my meaning; for, lifting up the lappet of his coat, he put me gently into it, and immediately ran along with me to his master, who was a substantial farmer, and the same person I had first seen in the field.% The farmer having (as I suppose by their talk) received such an account of me as his servant could give him, took a piece of a small straw, about the size of a walking-staff, and therewith lifted up the lappets of my coat; which it seems he thought to be some kind of covering that nature had given me. He blew my hairs aside to take a better view of my face. He called his hinds about him, and asked them, as I afterwards learned, whether they had ever seen in the fields any little creature that resembled me. He then placed me softly on the ground upon all fours, but I got immediately up, and walked slowly backward and forward, to let those people see I had no intent to run away. They all sat down in a circle about me, the better to observe my motions. I pulled off my hat, and made a low bow towards the farmer. I fell on my knees, and lifted up my hands and eyes, and spoke several words as loud as I could: I took a purse of gold out of my pocket, and humbly presented it to him. He received it on the palm of his hand, then applied it close to his eye to see what it was, and afterwards turned it several times with the point of a pin (which he took out of his sleeve,) but could make nothing of it. Whereupon I made a sign that he should place his hand on the ground. I then took the purse, and, opening it, poured all the gold into his palm. There were six Spanish pieces of four pistoles each, beside twenty or thirty smaller coins. I saw him wet the tip of his little finger upon his tongue, and take up one of my largest pieces, and then another; but he seemed to be wholly ignorant what they were. He made me a sign to put them again into my purse, and the purse again into my pocket, which, after offering it to him several times, I thought it best to do. The farmer, by this time, was convinced I must be a rational creature. He spoke often to me; but the sound of his voice pierced my ears like that of a water-

Korean bow: 활, 이물, 구부리다, 절하다, 꾸부 러지다, 나비넥타이, 만곡부, 인사하 다, 켜다, 함수, 절. cruelly: 잔인하게, 몹시, 지독하게, 잔 혹하게. intent: 의미, 의지, 열심인, 취지, 목적, 의향, 사실상, 열중하여, 집중된, 여념 이 없는, 여념없는. lappet: 주름, 늘어진 살, 늘어진 부분, 의복 따위의 늘어진 부분. letting: 셋집, 임대, 전세아파트.

loud: 큰소리로, 화려한, 떠들썩한, 극 성스러운, 소리가 큰, 주제넘는, 불쾌 히, 좀 지나치게 화려한, 높은, 야비한 , 야하게. observe: 관찰하다, 소견을 말하다, 지 키다, 주시하다, 거행하다, 진술하다, 규칙 따위를 준수하다, 인지하다, 준 수하다, 관찰에 의하여 인지하다. pin: 다리, 핀, 못, 병모양의 표주, 밧줄 을 비끄러매는 말뚝, 볼링핀, 장식 핀, 줄조르개, 못바늘, 노받이, 하찮은

것-핀을 꽂다. servant: 하인, 봉사자, 고용인, 머슴, 부하, 공무원, 종업원, 하인의. shedding: 나누기, 흘리기, 벗은 허물, 오두막. straw: 짚, 밀짚, 가짜의, 하찮은, 하찮 은 물건, 짚한 오라기, 짚으로 만든, 스트로, 밀짚모자, 하찮은 것, 짚으로 만든 것. therewith: 그것과 함께, 곧, 그 까닭에 , 그것으로 써, 그리하여, 그래서.

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mill, yet his words were articulate enough. I answered as loud as I could in several languages, and he often laid his ear within two yards of me: but all in vain, for we were wholly unintelligible to each other. He then sent his servants to their work, and taking his handkerchief out of his pocket, he doubled and spread it on his left hand, which he placed flat on the ground with the palm upward, making me a sign to step into it, as I could easily do, for it was not above a foot in thickness. I thought it my part to obey, and, for fear of falling, laid myself at full length upon the handkerchief, with the remainder of which he lapped me up to the head for further security, and in this manner carried me home to his house. There he called his wife, and showed me to her; but she screamed and ran back, as women in England do at the sight of a toad or a spider. However, when she had a while seen my behaviour, and how well I observed the signs her husband made, she was soon reconciled, and by degrees grew extremely tender of me.% It was about twelve at noon, and a servant brought in dinner. It was only one substantial dish of meat (fit for the plain condition of a husbandman,) in a dish of about four-and-twenty feet diameter. The company were, the farmer and his wife, three children, and an old grandmother. When they were sat down, the farmer placed me at some distance from him on the table, which was thirty feet high from the floor. I was in a terrible fright, and kept as far as I could from the edge, for fear of falling. The wife minced a bit of meat, then crumbled some bread on a trencher, and placed it before me. I made her a low bow, took out my knife and fork, and fell to eat, which gave them exceeding delight. The mistress sent her maid for a small dram cup, which held about two gallons, and filled it with drink; I took up the vessel with much difficulty in both hands, and in a most respectful manner drank to her ladyship’s health, expressing the words as loud as I could in English, which made the company laugh so heartily, that I was almost deafened with the noise. This liquor tasted like a small cider, and was not unpleasant. Then the master made me a sign to come to his trencher side; but as I walked on the table, being in great surprise all the time, as the indulgent reader will easily conceive and excuse, I happened to stumble against a crust, and fell flat on my face, but received no hurt. I got up immediately, and observing the

Korean cider: 사과술, 사과주스. crust: 철면피, 빵 껍질, 겉껍질로 덮다, 딱딱한 표면, 머리, 부스럼 딱지, 겉, 양식, 뻔뻔스러움, 식빵의껍질, 생계. dram: 한잔, 미량, 드램, 팔의 하나 액 량 온스, 적은 양, 음주, 십육의 하나 상용온스. exceeding: 대단한, 굉장한, 엄청난, 과 도한. indulgent: 관대한, 멋대로 하게하는, 어하는, 응석을 받아주는 부모, 엄하

지 않은, 제멋대로 하게 하는. respectful: 정중한, 경의를 표하는, 공 손한, 존중하는. spider: 삼발이, 프라이팬, 거미, 거미 같은, 아주 가느다란. stumble: 말을 더듬다, 실책, 비틀거림 , 비틀거리게 하다, 망설이다, 실수, 더듬거리다, 마주치다, 헛딛어 곱드러 지다, 망설이게 하다, 비틀거리다. thickness: 두께, 농후, 두꺼움, 농도, 굵음, 두꺼운 부분, 빈번, 치밀, 혼탁,

머리가 둔함, 굵기. toad: 두꺼비, 지겨운 놈, 보기 싫은 것, 보기 싫은 놈. unintelligible: 이해할 수 없는, 분명 치 않은. upward: 상승하는, 위로 향하는, 이상, 위쪽으로, 위를 향해서, 위로 향한, 위 로 향하여, 에서 위쪽으로. vain: 헛된, 쓸데 없는, 공허한, 자부심 이 강한, 헛되게, 경솔하게, 가치없는, 자만심이 강한, 속절없는.

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good people to be in much concern, I took my hat (which I held under my arm out of good manners,) and waving it over my head, made three huzzas, to show I had got no mischief by my fall. But advancing forward towards my master (as I shall henceforth call him,) his youngest son, who sat next to him, an arch boy of about ten years old, took me up by the legs, and held me so high in the air, that I trembled every limb: but his father snatched me from him, and at the same time gave him such a box on the left ear, as would have felled an European troop of horse to the earth, ordering him to be taken from the table. But being afraid the boy might owe me a spite, and well remembering how mischievous all children among us naturally are to sparrows, rabbits, young kittens, and puppy dogs, I fell on my knees, and pointing to the boy, made my master to understand, as well as I could, that I desired his son might be pardoned. The father complied, and the lad took his seat again, whereupon I went to him, and kissed his hand, which my master took, and made him stroke me gently with it.% In the midst of dinner, my mistress’s favourite cat leaped into her lap. I heard a noise behind me like that of a dozen stocking-weavers at work; and turning my head, I found it proceeded from the purring of that animal, who seemed to be three times larger than an ox, as I computed by the view of her head, and one of her paws, while her mistress was feeding and stroking her. The fierceness of this creature’s countenance altogether discomposed me; though I stood at the farther end of the table, above fifty feet off; and although my mistress held her fast, for fear she might give a spring, and seize me in her talons. But it happened there was no danger, for the cat took not the least notice of me when my master placed me within three yards of her. And as I have been always told, and found true by experience in my travels, that flying or discovering fear before a fierce animal, is a certain way to make it pursue or attack you, so I resolved, in this dangerous juncture, to show no manner of concern. I walked with intrepidity five or six times before the very head of the cat, and came within half a yard of her; whereupon she drew herself back, as if she were more afraid of me: I had less apprehension concerning the dogs, whereof three or four came into the room, as it is usual in farmers’ houses; one of which was a mastiff, equal in bulk to four

Korean arch: 아치, 홍예를 틀다, 홍예, 호, 아 치문, 익살스런, 활모양으로 굽히다, 주된, 장난스런, 궁형-활모양으로 굽 히다, 교활한. discomposed: 마음이 산란해진, 침착 을 잃은. feeding: 급송, 급수, 송전, 목초지, 먹 음, 사양, 거세지는, 급송하는, 음식물 을 섭취하는, 섭식. felled: 경사지는, 함락되는, 공그르는, 구르는, 나빠지는, 내려가는, 내리는,

넘어가는, 분류되는, 쓰러지는, 아래 를 향하는. fierceness: 사나움, 맹렬, 흉포. henceforth: 차후, 이후, 금후. lap: 무릎, 싸다, 핥다, 기르는 환경, 한 바퀴 돌다, 아랫자락, 기꺼이 듣다, 접 어겹치다, 한번감기, 처진 부분, 무릎 부분. mastiff: 맹견의 일종, 마스티프. mischief: 장난, 해, 손해, 위해, 고자, 익살, 재난의 씨, 장난꾸러기, 도대체.

mischievous: 유해한, 장난치는, 재해 가 되는, 장난을 좋아하는. mistress: 정부, 애인, 여교사, 주부, 부 인, 여지배자, 여주인, 연인, 여왕, 한 집안의 안 주인, 주인. ox: 수소, 소. puppy: 강아지, 건방진 풋내기, 특히 한 살 이하의 강아지. youngest: 최연소자, 가장 나이 어린 가족, 막내 아이, 특히 가장 나이 어린 가족.

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elephants, %and another a greyhound, somewhat taller than the mastiff, but not so large. When dinner was almost done, the nurse came in with a child of a year old in her arms, who immediately spied me, and began a squall that you might have heard from London-Bridge to Chelsea, after the usual oratory of infants, to get me for a plaything. The mother, out of pure indulgence, took me up, and put me towards the child, who presently seized me by the middle, and got my head into his mouth, where I roared so loud that the urchin was frighted, and let me drop, and I should infallibly have broke my neck, if the mother had not held her apron under me. The nurse, to quiet her babe, made use of a rattle which was a kind of hollow vessel filled with great stones, and fastened by a cable to the child’s waist: but all in vain; so that she was forced to apply the last remedy by giving it suck. I must confess no object ever disgusted me so much as the sight of her monstrous breast, which I cannot tell what to compare with, so as to give the curious reader an idea of its bulk, shape, and colour. It stood prominent six feet, and could not be less than sixteen in circumference. The nipple was about half the bigness of my head, and the hue both of that and the dug, so varied with spots, pimples, and freckles, that nothing could appear more nauseous: for I had a near sight of her, she sitting down, the more conveniently to give suck, and I standing on the table. This made me reflect upon the fair skins of our English ladies, who appear so beautiful to us, only because they are of our own size, and their defects not to be seen but through a magnifying glass; where we find by experiment that the smoothest and whitest skins look rough, and coarse, and ill-coloured. I remember when I was at Lilliput, the complexion of those diminutive people appeared to me the fairest in the world; and talking upon this subject with a person of learning there, who was an intimate friend of mine, he said that my face appeared much fairer and smoother when he looked on me from the ground, than it did upon a nearer view, when I took him up in my hand, and brought him close, which he confessed was at first a very shocking sight. He said, “he could discover great holes in my skin; that the stumps of my beard were ten times stronger than the bristles of a boar, and my complexion made up of several

Korean babe: 숫보기, 아기. boar: 멧돼지, 수퇘지. disgusted: 메스꺼워찌게 하는. greyhound: 그레이하운드. hue: 색조, 빛깔, 색상, 고함, 외침소리, 비난의 소리, 색채, 고함소리, 특색. indulgence: 대사, 신앙의 자유, 은혜, 탐닉, 관대, 방종, 대사부, 도락, 멋대 로 함, 면죄부, 방자. nauseous: 구역질나는, 싫은, 욕지기나 게 하는, 지겨운, 진저리나는, 욕지기

나는. 과시키다, 을덜컥덜컥 움직이다. nipple: 젖꼭지, 고무 젖꼭지, 그리스 squall: 소동, 돌풍, 스콜, 질풍, 질풍이 주입구, 젖꼭지 모양으로 생긴것, 파 휘몰아치다, 그 소리, 싸움, 꽥꽥 떠들 이프 이음쇠, 젖꼭지 모양의 것. 다, 비명을 지르다, 일진의 광풍, 꽥꽥 oratory: 웅변, 기도실, 작은예배당, 기 우는 소리. 도원. suck: 빨다, 흡수하다, 한 번 빨기, 빨 plaything: 장난감. 아들이다, 빨기흡인력, 얻다, 착취하 rattle: 놀라게 하다, 혼란시키다, 수다 다, 홀짝 빨아들이다, 한 번 핥기, 실 스러운 사람, 딸랑이, 힘차게 차를 몰 망, 에게 젖을 먹이다. 다, 상소리로 꾸짖다, 흥분시키다, 향 urchin: 소년, 개구쟁이, 선머슴, 고슴 음기관, 척척해치우다, 일사천리로 통 도치, 장난꾸러기, 섬게.

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colours altogether disagreeable:” although I must beg leave to say for myself, that I am as fair as most of my sex and country, and very little sunburnt by all my travels. On the other side, discoursing of the ladies in that emperor’s court, he used to tell me, “one had freckles; another too wide a mouth; a third too large a nose;” nothing of which I was able to distinguish. I confess this reflection was obvious enough; which, however, I could not forbear, lest the reader might think those vast creatures were actually deformed: for I must do them the justice to say, they are a comely race of people, and particularly the features of my master’s countenance, although he was but a farmer, when I beheld him from the height of sixty feet, appeared very well proportioned.% When dinner was done, my master went out to his labourers, and, as I could discover by his voice and gesture, gave his wife strict charge to take care of me. I was very much tired, and disposed to sleep, which my mistress perceiving, she put me on her own bed, and covered me with a clean white handkerchief, but larger and coarser than the mainsail of a man-of-war. I slept about two hours, and dreamt I was at home with my wife and children, which aggravated my sorrows when I awaked, and found myself alone in a vast room, between two and three hundred feet wide, and above two hundred high, lying in a bed twenty yards wide. My mistress was gone about her household affairs, and had locked me in. The bed was eight yards from the floor. Some natural necessities required me to get down; I durst not presume to call; and if I had, it would have been in vain, with such a voice as mine, at so great a distance from the room where I lay to the kitchen where the family kept. While I was under these circumstances, two rats crept up the curtains, and ran smelling backwards and forwards on the bed. One of them came up almost to my face, whereupon I rose in a fright, and drew out my hanger to defend myself. These horrible animals had the boldness to attack me on both sides, and one of them held his fore-feet at my collar; but I had the good fortune to rip up his belly before he could do me any mischief. He fell down at my feet; and the other, seeing the fate of his comrade, made his escape, but not without one good wound on the back, which I gave him as he fled, and made the blood run

Korean affairs: 상황, 정사. aggravated: 가중 폭행. beg: 빌다, 구걸하다, 빌어먹다, 앞발을 들고서다, 발을들고서다, 시주해 줄 것을 청하다, 애걸하다, 앞발을 들고 서서 재롱부리다, 부탁하다, 간청하다 , 용서를 청하다. belly: 배, 복부, 식욕, 위, 자궁-부풀게 하다, 태내, 불룩한 부분, 부풀다. boldness: 대담함, 분방 자재, 두드러 짐, 대담.

collar: 깃, 목걸이, 칼라, 변색부, 태클, 롤 말이로 만든 돼지고기나 생선, 속 박, 고리, 태클하다, 훈장, 깃을 달다. comely: 적당한, 알맞은, 걸맞는, 자색 이고운, 아름다운, 어울리는, 얼굴이 잘생긴, 미모의, 얼굴이 잘 생긴. curtains: 한 권의 끝. deformed: 흉한, 불구의, 일그러진. hanger: 단검, 갈고리, 옷걸이, 거는 사 람, 걸이, 교수형 집행인, 포스터, 매 단 광고, 매다는사람, 가죽끈으로 매

어단 물건, 물건을 매다는 것. horrible: 무서운, 심한, 지겨운, 무시 무시한, 오싹할 만큼 싫은. lest: 을 두려워하여, 하지 않도록, 하지 나 않을까 하고. mainsail: 주범. man-of-war: 군함, 보통 옛날의 군함. rip: 찢다, 찢어지다, 째지다, 거칠게 말 하다, 격랑, 폭로하다, 잡아 찢음, 폐 마, 째진 틈, 방탕아, 터지다. sunburnt: 햇볕에 탄, 햇볕에 타 죽은.

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trickling from him. After this exploit, I walked gently to and fro on the bed, to recover my breath and loss of spirits. These creatures were of the size of a large mastiff, but infinitely more nimble and fierce; so that if I had taken off my belt before I went to sleep, I must have infallibly been torn to pieces and devoured. I measured the tail of the dead rat, and found it to be two yards long, wanting an inch; but it went against my stomach to drag the carcass off the bed, where it lay still bleeding; I observed it had yet some life, but with a strong slash across the neck, I thoroughly despatched it.% Soon after my mistress came into the room, who seeing me all bloody, ran and took me up in her hand. I pointed to the dead rat, smiling, and making other signs to show I was not hurt; whereat she was extremely rejoiced, calling the maid to take up the dead rat with a pair of tongs, and throw it out of the window. Then she set me on a table, where I showed her my hanger all bloody, and wiping it on the lappet of my coat, returned it to the scabbard. I was pressed to do more than one thing which another could not do for me, and therefore endeavoured to make my mistress understand, that I desired to be set down on the floor; which after she had done, my bashfulness would not suffer me to express myself farther, than by pointing to the door, and bowing several times. The good woman, with much difficulty, at last perceived what I would be at, and taking me up again in her hand, walked into the garden, where she set me down. I went on one side about two hundred yards, and beckoning to her not to look or to follow me, I hid myself between two leaves of sorrel, and there discharged the necessities of nature. I hope the gentle reader will excuse me for dwelling on these and the like particulars, which, however insignificant they may appear to groveling vulgar minds, yet will certainly help a philosopher to enlarge his thoughts and imagination, and apply them to the benefit of public as well as private life, which was my sole design in presenting this and other accounts of my travels to the world; wherein I have been chiefly studious of truth, without affecting any ornaments of learning or of style. But the whole scene of this voyage made so strong an impression on my mind, and is so deeply fixed in my memory, that, in

Korean affecting: 감동시키는, 감동적인, 애절 한, 애처로운, 가련한. bashfulness: 수줍음, 부끄러움, 수줍 어. bleeding: 출혈, 방혈, 엄청난, 출혈하 는, 피나는 느낌의. bowing: 운궁법, 절을 하는, 활 놀리는 법, 휘는, 보잉. dwelling: 주거, 주소, 거처. groveling: 비굴한, 넓죽 엎드리는, 천 박한.

infinitely: 지독히, 훨씬, 무한히, 무한 의, 몹시, 막대한, 대단히, 무한. insignificant: 대수롭지 않은, 하찮은, 무의미한, 천한, 시시한, 의미 없는. nimble: 재빠른, 영리한, 현명한, 잘된, 민첩한, 빈틈없는, 잘 생각해 낸, 재주 있는, 융통성있는, 재치있는, 재치가 풍부한. philosopher: 철인, 철학자. rat: 쥐, 쥐를 잡다, 변절하다, 다리, 밀 고자, 파업 파괴자, 탈당자, 스파이,

비열한 인간, 배신자, 탈당하다. slash: 사선, 홱홱 채찍질하다, 혹평, 터 놓은 자리, 삭제, 깊숙이 베다, 난도질 , 휙 내리쳐 베다, 혹평하다, 일격, 삭 제하다. sorrel: 밤색, 수영, 구렁 말, 참소리쟁 이, 팽이밥류, 밤색의. studious: 애쓰는, 열심인, 공부하는, 주의 깊은, 공부 좋아하는, 신중한, 학 문에 정진하는. tongs: 집게, 부젓가락, 화젓가락.

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committing it to paper I did not omit one material circumstance: however, upon a strict review, I blotted out several passages. Of less moment which were in my first copy, for fear of being censured as tedious and trifling, whereof travellers are often, perhaps not without justice, accused.%

Korean circumstance: 환경, 사정, 사건, 부수 공평, 사법. 적인 일, 상황, 처지, 사실, 의식에 구 material: 물질적인, 원료, 중요한, 자 애됨, 사태, 부대사항, 어마어마함. 료, 육체적인, 실질적인, 요소, 감, 제 copy: 복사, 원고, 등본, 베끼다, 모방, 재, 제재. ---용구, 옷감. 모방하다, 모사, 광고문, 을 그대로 베 omit: 게을리 하다, 생략하다, 하기를 끼다, 본, 부. 잊다, 할 것을 빠뜨리다, 할 것을 빼먹 fear: 경외하다, 무서워하다, 걱정하다, 다, 게을리하다, 할 것을 잊다. 공포, 두려움, 경외, 걱정, 근심, 근심 paper: 신문, 벽지, 종이, 지폐, 신분 증 하다, 망설이다, 무서움. 명서, 어음, 한 꾸러미, 도배지, 종이 justice: 재판관, 정의, 정당, 재판, 공정 로 싸다, 서류, 불법 주차에 대한 호출 , 적법, 당연한 응보, 법의 시행, 타당, 장.

review: 회고, 비평, 평론을 쓰다, 복습 , 검열하다, 관찰, 평론, 재조사, 연습, 재검토, 비평하다. strict: 엄한, 절대적인, 정확한, 엄격한, 긴장된, 엄밀한, 완전한. tedious: 지루한, 장황한. trifling: 하찮은, 경박한, 시시한, 사소 한, 게으른. whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 무엇 에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의.

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%II

[A description of the farmer’s daughter. The author carried to a market-town, and then to the metropolis. The particulars of his journey.]

My mistress had a daughter of nine years old, a child of towardly parts for her age, very dexterous at her needle, and skilful in dressing her baby. Her mother and she contrived to fit up the baby’s cradle for me against night: the cradle was put into a small drawer of a cabinet, and the drawer placed upon a hanging shelf for fear of the rats. This was my bed all the time I staid with those people, though made more convenient by degrees, as I began to learn their language and make my wants known. This young girl was so handy, that after I had once or twice pulled off my clothes before her, she was able to dress and undress me, though I never gave her that trouble when she would let me do either myself. She made me seven shirts, and some other linen, of as fine cloth as could be got, which indeed was coarser than sackcloth; and these she constantly washed for me with her own hands. She was likewise my school-mistress, to teach me the language: when I pointed to any thing, she told me the name of it in her own tongue, so that in a few days I was able to call for whatever I had a mind to. She was very good-natured, and not above forty feet high, being little for her age. She gave me the name of Grildrig, which the family took up, and afterwards the whole kingdom. The word imports what the Latins call nanunculus, the

Korean cloth: 행주, 피륙, 돛, 옷감, 걸레, 검은 성직복, 모직물, 범포, 클로스, 천, 헝 겊. cradle: 요람, 발상지, 낫에 덧대는 틀, 선광기, 요람에 넣다, 흔들어 어르다, 어린시절, 어린이 침대, 요람모양의 받침대, 선광대, 애무하다. dexterous: 기민한, 능란한, 영리한, 손 재주가 있는, 민첩한, 오른손잡이의. drawer: 제도사, 서랍, 발행인, 어음 발 행인, 끌어당김을 하는 사람, 끌어당

김을 하는 제도사, 끌어당김을 하는 것, 장롱. dressing: 드레싱, 마무리, 몸치장, 장 식, 붕대, 끝손질, 비료, 손질, 엄한 질 책, 옷입기. good-natured: 성질이좋은. handy: 알맞은, 가까이 있는, 솜씨 좋 은, 편리한, 손 가까이에 있는, 능숙한 , 펼리한. hanging: 교수형, 임박한, 매달린, 커 튼, 걸린 것, 교살, 내리막, 교수형에

처할, 급경사, 급경사의, 매달기. sackcloth: 즈크, 비탄, 두꺼운 삼베 거 친 삼베옷. shelf: 선반, 모래톱, 모양의 장소, 바위 턱, 시령, 암초, 암붕, 평층. skilful: 숙련된, 잘 만들어진. staid: 침착한, 차분한, 착실한. undress: 장식을 떼다, 옷을 벗기다, 옷 을 벗다, 평복, 의 옷을 벗기다, 평상 복의, 폭로하다, 알몸이나 다름없는 상태, 알몸 상태.

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Italians homunceletino, and the English mannikin. To her I chiefly owe my preservation in that country: we never parted while I was there; I called her my Glumdalclitch, or little nurse; and should be guilty of great ingratitude, if I omitted this honourable mention of her care and affection towards me, which I heartily wish it lay in my power to requite as she deserves, instead of being the innocent, but unhappy instrument of her disgrace, as I have too much reason to fear.% It now began to be known and talked of in the neighbourhood, that my master had found a strange animal in the field, about the bigness of a splacnuck, but exactly shaped in every part like a human creature; which it likewise imitated in all its actions; seemed to speak in a little language of its own, had already learned several words of theirs, went erect upon two legs, was tame and gentle, would come when it was called, do whatever it was bid, had the finest limbs in the world, and a complexion fairer than a nobleman’s daughter of three years old. Another farmer, who lived hard by, and was a particular friend of my master, came on a visit on purpose to inquire into the truth of this story. I was immediately produced, and placed upon a table, where I walked as I was commanded, drew my hanger, put it up again, made my reverence to my master’s guest, asked him in his own language how he did, and told him he was welcome, just as my little nurse had instructed me. This man, who was old and dim-sighted, put on his spectacles to behold me better; at which I could not forbear laughing very heartily, for his eyes appeared like the full moon shining into a chamber at two windows. Our people, who discovered the cause of my mirth, bore me company in laughing, at which the old fellow was fool enough to be angry and out of countenance. He had the character of a great miser; and, to my misfortune, he well deserved it, by the cursed advice he gave my master, to show me as a sight upon a market-day in the next town, which was half an hour’s riding, about two-and-twenty miles from our house. I guessed there was some mischief when I observed my master and his friend whispering together, sometimes pointing at me; and my fears made me fancy that I overheard and understood some of their words. But the next morning Glumdalclitch, my little nurse, told me the whole matter, which she had cunningly picked out from her

Korean affection: 애정, 영향, 병, 감정, 특성, 성질, 호의, 기질, 감동. creature: 생물, 창조물, 인간, 노예, 소 산, 녀석, 사람, 가공의 동물, 지배 당 하는 자, 여자, 부하. cunningly: 교활하게, 교묘하게. cursed: 저주할, 심술궂은, 저주스러움, 심술통, 지겨운, 심사 사나운, 저부받 은, 천벌받은, 지긋지긋한, 가증스러 운, 저주 받은. deserved: 당연한.

dim-sighted: 시력이 약한. inquire: 문의하다, 묻다, 조사하다, 질 문하다. mirth: 환락, 명랑, 유쾌. miser: 수전노, 구두쇠, 인색한 놈. neighbourhood: 근처, 이웃, 인근, 지 구, 이웃의 정의, 인근 사람들, 접근하 기, 근처의. owe: 빚이 있다, 빚지고 있다, 은혜를 입고 있다, 을 반제할 의무가 있다, 을 지불할 의무가 있다, 의무를 지고 있

다, 지고 있다. preservation: 보존, 방부, 보호, 저장. requite: 보답하다, 보복하다, 답례하다 , 복수하다, 보상하다, 에 보답하다. shining: 화려한, 빛나는 뛰어난, 두드 러진, 빛나는. tame: 부드럽게 하다, 복종시키다, 길 들다, 순한, 무기력하게 하다, 따분한, 무기력한, 재미없는, 누르다, 길들인, 길든. whispering: 속삭임, 속삭이는.

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mother. The poor girl laid me on her bosom, and fell a weeping with shame and grief. She apprehended some mischief would happen to me from rude vulgar folks, who might squeeze me to death, or break one of my limbs by taking me in their hands. She had also observed how modest I was in my nature, how nicely I regarded my honour, and what an indignity I should conceive it, to be exposed for money as a public spectacle, to the meanest of the people. She said, her papa and mamma had promised that Grildrig should be hers; but now she found they meant to serve her as they did last year, when they pretended to give her a lamb, and yet, as soon as it was fat, sold it to a butcher. For my own part, I may truly affirm, that I was less concerned than my nurse. I had a strong hope, which never left me, that I should one day recover my liberty: and as to the ignominy of being carried about for a monster, I considered myself to be a perfect stranger in the country, and that such a misfortune could never be charged upon me as a reproach, if ever I should return to England, since the king of Great Britain himself, in my condition, must have undergone the same distress.% My master, pursuant to the advice of his friend, carried me in a box the next market-day to the neighbouring town, and took along with him his little daughter, my nurse, upon a pillion behind him. The box was close on every side, with a little door for me to go in and out, and a few gimlet holes to let in air. The girl had been so careful as to put the quilt of her baby’s bed into it, for me to lie down on. However, I was terribly shaken and discomposed in this journey, though it was but of half an hour: for the horse went about forty feet at every step and trotted so high, that the agitation was equal to the rising and falling of a ship in a great storm, but much more frequent. Our journey was somewhat farther than from London to St. Alban’s. My master alighted at an inn which he used to frequent; and after consulting awhile with the inn-keeper, and making some necessary preparations, he hired the grultrud, or crier, to give notice through the town of a strange creature to be seen at the sign of the Green Eagle, not so big as a splacnuck (an animal in that country very finely shaped, about six feet long,) and in every part of the body resembling a human creature, could speak several words, and perform a hundred diverting tricks.

Korean bosom: 가슴, 껴안다, 내부, 마음속에 간직하다, 믿고 있는, 품, 흉부, 흉부 슴속, 가슴속, 속, 표면. crier: 포고를 알리는 광고꾼, 정리, 광 고꾼, 포고 따위를 외치며 알리는 사 람, 외치며 파는 상인, 외치는사람, 부 르짖는 사람, 도붓 장수, 우는 사람, 외치는 사람. gimlet: 나사송곳, 김렛, 에 목공 드릴 로 구멍을 뚫다. hers: 그 여자의 것.

hired: 고용한, 빌린, 삯주는. ignominy: 불명예, 치욕, 수치스러운 행위, 면목없음, 추행. indignity: 경멸, 모욕, 무례, 냉대, 모 욕적인 대우. mamma: 엄마, 유방, 포유 동물의 유 방. papa: 아빠, 문자 피를 나타내는 통신 용어. pillion: 뒤안장, 여성용 안장. pretended: 거짓의.

reproach: 불명예, 비난, 질책, 치욕, 꾸 짖다, 비난의 말, 비난하다, 책망하다, 체면을 손상시키다, 망신, 의 체면을 손상하다. spectacle: 구경거리, 안경, 광경, 장관, 보기에 도 지겨운 것, 타자의 재차의 무득점, 보기에 도 딱한 것. weeping: 드리우는, 가지가 휘늘어진, 우는, 눈물 흘리는, 눈물울 흘리는, 눈 물을 흘리는, 늘어짐, 배어 나오는, 스 며 나오는, 스며 나옴, 울음.

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I%was placed upon a table in the largest room of the inn, which might be near three hundred feet square. My little nurse stood on a low stool close to the table, to take care of me, and direct what I should do. My master, to avoid a crowd, would suffer only thirty people at a time to see me. I walked about on the table as the girl commanded; she asked me questions, as far as she knew my understanding of the language reached, and I answered them as loud as I could. I turned about several times to the company, paid my humble respects, said they were welcome, and used some other speeches I had been taught. I took up a thimble filled with liquor, which Glumdalclitch had given me for a cup, and drank their health, I drew out my hanger, and flourished with it after the manner of fencers in England. My nurse gave me a part of a straw, which I exercised as a pike, having learnt the art in my youth. I was that day shown to twelve sets of company, and as often forced to act over again the same fopperies, till I was half dead with weariness and vexation; for those who had seen me made such wonderful reports, that the people were ready to break down the doors to come in. My master, for his own interest, would not suffer any one to touch me except my nurse; and to prevent danger, benches were set round the table at such a distance as to put me out of every body’s reach. However, an unlucky schoolboy aimed a hazel nut directly at my head, which very narrowly missed me; otherwise it came with so much violence, that it would have infallibly knocked out my brains, for it was almost as large as a small pumpkin, but I had the satisfaction to see the young rogue well beaten, and turned out of the room. My master gave public notice that he would show me again the next marketday; and in the meantime he prepared a convenient vehicle for me, which he had reason enough to do; for I was so tired with my first journey, and with entertaining company for eight hours together, that I could hardly stand upon my legs, or speak a word. It was at least three days before I recovered my strength; and that I might have no rest at home, all the neighbouring gentlemen from a hundred miles round, hearing of my fame, came to see me at my master’s own house. There could not be fewer than thirty persons with their wives and children (for the country is very populous;) and my master demanded the rate of a full room whenever he showed me at home, although it were only to a single

Korean brains: 뛰어난 지능을 가진 사람. fame: 명성, 유명하게 만들다, 평판, 인 기. hazel: 담갈색, 개암, 개암나무, 엷은 갈색의, 엷은 갈색, 개암나무의. narrowly: 좁게, 간신히, 가까스로, 편 협하게, 엄밀히, 정밀하게, 도량이 좁 게. neighbouring: 이웃의, 인접해있는, 가 까운, 근처의. nut: 견과, 너트, 머리, 어미나사, 멋쟁

이, 대가리, 암나사, 괴짜, 어려운 문 제, 성교하다, 석탄의 작은 덩이. pike: 창, 통행세를 받는 곳, 미늘창, 창꼬치, 유료 도로, 유료 도료, 강꼬치 고기, 창으로 찌르다, 유료 도로의 요 금 징수소, 봉우리가 뾰족한 산, 요금 징수소. pumpkin: 호박, 허세부리는 사람. rogue: 장난꾸러기, 개구쟁이, 악한, 악 당, 부랑자, 개주쟁이, 녀석, 무리에서 따로 떨어진 동물, 불한당, 장난 꾸러

기, 야생 동물이 무리에서 떨어져나와 광포한. thimble: 골무, 끼움쇠테, 씌움고리, 씌 움통. unlucky: 불길한, 공교로운, 불행을 가 져오는, 불행한, 잘되지 않는, 계제가 나쁜, 불운한. vexation: 애탐, 괴롭힘, 화냄, 고민거 리, 고통, 고민, 귀찮은 사물, 애태움, 속상함, 괴로움의 원인, 번뇌의 원인. weariness: 권태, 싫증, 피로.

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family; so that for some time I had but little ease every day of the week (except Wednesday, which is their Sabbath,) although I were not carried to the town.% My master, finding how profitable I was likely to be, resolved to carry me to the most considerable cities of the kingdom. Having therefore provided himself with all things necessary for a long journey, and settled his affairs at home, he took leave of his wife, and upon the 17th of August, 1703, about two months after my arrival, we set out for the metropolis, situate near the middle of that empire, and about three thousand miles distance from our house. My master made his daughter Glumdalclitch ride behind him. She carried me on her lap, in a box tied about her waist. The girl had lined it on all sides with the softest cloth she could get, well quilted underneath, furnished it with her baby’s bed, provided me with linen and other necessaries, and made everything as convenient as she could. We had no other company but a boy of the house, who rode after us with the luggage. My master’s design was to show me in all the towns by the way, and to step out of the road for fifty or a hundred miles, to any village, or person of quality’s house, where he might expect custom. We made easy journeys, of not above seven or eight score miles a-day; for Glumdalclitch, on purpose to spare me, complained she was tired with the trotting of the horse. She often took me out of my box, at my own desire, to give me air, and show me the country, but always held me fast by a leading-string. We passed over five or six rivers, many degrees broader and deeper than the Nile or the Ganges: and there was hardly a rivulet so small as the Thames at London-bridge. We were ten weeks in our journey, and I was shown in eighteen large towns, besides many villages, and private families. On the 26th day of October we arrived at the metropolis, called in their language Lorbrulgrud, or Pride of the Universe. My master took a lodging in the principal street of the city, not far from the royal palace, and put out bills in the usual form, containing an exact description of my person and parts. He hired a large room between three and four hundred feet wide. He provided a table sixty feet in diameter, upon which I was to act my part, and pallisadoed it round three

Korean besides: 제외하고, 그위에, 게다가, 게 다가-더하여, 이외에, 을 제외하고, 외에는, 더하여, 그 위에, 그 밖에, 이 외에도. convenient: 편리한, 에 가까운, 형편 이 좋은, 손쉬운, 형편이좋은, 간편한 손쉽고 편리한, 사용하기 좋은, 부근 에. diameter: 직경, 지름, 배. eighteen: 열여덟의 열여덟, 열여덟살, 열 여덟, 십팔.

furnished: 가구 달린, 구색을 갖춘, 재 고량이 ...한. lined: 안을 댄, 선을 그은. luggage: 여행가방, 수하물, 여행 가방. profitable: 이문이 있는, 유익한, 유리 한. quilted: 누비 이불의, 누빈, 누비 이불 같은. ride: 뜨다, 지배하다, 타다, 말을 몰다, 타고 가다, 에 뜨다, 괴롭히다, 태우고 가다, 탐, 서로 겹치다, 말을 타고 사

냥하다. rivulet: 개울, 시내, 작은 시내. settled: 고정된, 기틀이 잡힌, 안정된, 정주한, 청산된. situate: 위치한, 을 놓다. underneath: 의 밑에, 아래에, 하면, 하 면에, 낮은. waist: 허리, 블라우스, 요부, 몸통옷, 가운데의 잘룩한 곳, 허리의 잘룩한 곳, 여성복의 치수, 여성복의 허리, 중 앙의 잘룩한 부분.

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feet from the edge, and as many high, to prevent my falling over. I was shown ten times a-day, to the wonder and satisfaction of all people. I could now speak the language tolerably well, and perfectly understood every word, that was spoken to me. Besides, I had learnt their alphabet, and could make a shift to explain a sentence here and there; for Glumdalclitch had been my instructor while we were at home, and at leisure hours during our journey. She carried a little book in her pocket, not much larger than a Sanson’s Atlas; it was a common treatise for the use of young girls, giving a short account of their religion: out of this she taught me my letters, and interpreted the words.%

Korean alphabet: 알파벳, 초보. falling: 낙하, 타락, 함락, 떨어지는, 전 도, 내리는, 추락, 하락하는, 타락하는 , 강하, 붕괴. instructor: 교사, 지도자, 전임강사, 가 르치는 사람, 강사, 사범님, 교수하는 사람. leisure: 여가, 천천히, 안일, 한가한, 한가한 시간. perfectly: 완전히, 더할 나위 없이, 몹 시, 굉장히, 더할 나위없이, 매우, 이

상적으로, 완전하게, 아주. pocket: 착복하다, 주머니, 돈, 자력, 우 묵한 땅, 에어포켓, 억누르다, 고립 지 역-포켓에 넣다, 둘러싸고 방해하다, 당구대 네 모서리의 포켓, 굴. religion: 종교, 신앙, 종파, 신교, 신조, 주의, 교, 광신자, 신앙심이 깊은 체하 기, 광신, 사이비신자. satisfaction: 사죄, 이행, 결투 신청에 응하다, 만족, 만족시키는 물건, 속죄, 사죄하다, 결투, 결투를 신청하다, 만

족함, 만족을 주는 것. spoken: 구두, 입으로 말하는, 구두의, 담화에 사용되는, 말에 사용되는. tolerably: 참을성 있게, 참을 수 있을 정도로. understood: 이해된, 양해된, 이해한. wonder: 이 아닐까 생각하다, 놀라다, 놀라움, 이상하게 생각하다, 불가사의 , 놀라운, 놀라운 사물, 경탄할 만한 사람, 경탄할 불가사의한 사람, 경이, 의심하다.

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%III

[The author sent for to court. The queen buys him of his master the farmer, and presents him to the king. He disputes with his majesty’s great scholars. An apartment at court provided for the author. He is in high favour with the queen. He stands up for the honour of his own country. His quarrels with the queen’s dwarf.]

The frequent labours I underwent every day, made, in a few weeks, a very considerable change in my health: the more my master got by me, the more insatiable he grew. I had quite lost my stomach, and was almost reduced to a skeleton. The farmer observed it, and concluding I must soon die, resolved to make as good a hand of me as he could. While he was thus reasoning and resolving with himself, a sardral, or gentleman-usher, came from court, commanding my master to carry me immediately thither for the diversion of the queen and her ladies. Some of the latter had already been to see me, and reported strange things of my beauty, behaviour, and good sense. Her majesty, and those who attended her, were beyond measure delighted with my demeanour. I fell on my knees, and begged the honour of kissing her imperial foot; but this gracious princess held out her little finger towards me, after I was set on the table, which I embraced in both my arms, and put the tip of it with the utmost respect to my lip. She made me some general questions about my country and my travels,

Korean delighted: 기쁜, 매우 즐거운. demeanour: 행실, 품행, 태도. farmer: 농부, 수세 도급인, 농장주, 시 골사람, 유아등을 맡는 사람, 농민, 농 장 경영자, 시골 사람, 유아 등을 맡는 사람. favour: 호의, 정실, 이익, 친절, 은혜, 은고, 부탁, 호의를 보이다, 편애하다, 편애, 즐겨 착용하다. frequent: 자주가다, 늘모이다, 상습적 인, 수많은, 자주 일어나는, 자주일어

나는, 빈번한. honour: 명예, 도의심, 면목, 명성, 우 등, 존경, 끗수가 가장 높은 패, 명예 가 되는 것, 명예상, 에 영광을 주다, 인수하다. kissing: 키스하는. knees: 무릎. lip: 입술, 입술을 쓰다, 찰싹찰싹 치다, 수다, 귀때, 입, 입술을 대다, 중얼거 리다, 끝끝내 고집을 세우다, 에 입술 을 대다, 표면만의.

princess: 공주, 왕녀, 황녀, 왕자비, 황 족, 왕족, 공작 부인황족, 왕비, 몸에 꼭끼는 원피스, 공주님, 친왕비. reasoning: 추리, 추론, 이성이 있는, 논법, 추리의, 증명, 추리력, 논증, 논 거, 이론. stomach: 위, 식욕, 욕망, 참다, 먹다, 삼키다, 소화하다, 기호, 기분, 복부. tip: 끝, 팁, 기울다, 기울이다, 정상, 선 단, 뒤집히다, 인사하려고 벗다, 에 끝 을 붙이다, 끝에 씌우다, 뒤집어 엎다.

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which%I answered as distinctly, and in as few words as I could. She asked, “whether I could be content to live at court?” I bowed down to the board of the table, and humbly answered “that I was my master’s slave: but, if I were at my own disposal, I should be proud to devote my life to her majesty’s service.” She then asked my master, “whether he was willing to sell me at a good price?” He, who apprehended I could not live a month, was ready enough to part with me, and demanded a thousand pieces of gold, which were ordered him on the spot, each piece being about the bigness of eight hundred moidores; but allowing for the proportion of all things between that country and Europe, and the high price of gold among them, was hardly so great a sum as a thousand guineas would be in England. I then said to the queen, “since I was now her majesty’s most humble creature and vassal, I must beg the favour, that Glumdalclitch, who had always tended me with so much care and kindness, and understood to do it so well, might be admitted into her service, and continue to be my nurse and instructor.” Her majesty agreed to my petition, and easily got the farmer’s consent, who was glad enough to have his daughter preferred at court, and the poor girl herself was not able to hide her joy. My late master withdrew, bidding me farewell, and saying he had left me in a good service; to which I replied not a word, only making him a slight bow. The queen observed my coldness; and, when the farmer was gone out of the apartment, asked me the reason. I made bold to tell her majesty, “that I owed no other obligation to my late master, than his not dashing out the brains of a poor harmless creature, found by chance in his fields: which obligation was amply recompensed, by the gain he had made in showing me through half the kingdom, and the price he had now sold me for. That the life I had since led was laborious enough to kill an animal of ten times my strength. That my health was much impaired, by the continual drudgery of entertaining the rabble every hour of the day; and that, if my master had not thought my life in danger, her majesty would not have got so cheap a bargain. But as I was out of all fear of being ill-treated under the protection of so great and good an empress, the ornament of nature, the darling of the world, the delight of her subjects, the phoenix of the creation,

Korean amply: 충분히, 널히, 널리. bargain: 흥정하다, 매매, 약속을 하다, 거래, 교섭하다, 기대하다, 바꾸다, 싼 물건, 의 조건을 붙이다, 헐값의. bidding: 초대, 입찰, 명령, 공고, 선언, 비드하기. bowed: 굽은, 머리를 숙인, 활을 가진, 활 모양의, 활 모양을 한. coldness: 냉담, 추위, 냉정, 차가움. dashing: 기운찬, 멋부린, 화려한, 기세 좋은, 위세 당당한.

devote: 바치다. 빛을 더해주는 것, 빛을 더해주는 사 distinctly: 뚜렷하게, 명백하게. 람, 장식하다, 교회의 예배용품. drudgery: 단조롭고 고된 일, 천역. phoenix: 불사조, 봉황새, 피닉스, 대 farewell: 안녕, 고별, 작별의 인사, 작 천재, 봉황, 봉황새 별자리. 별의인사, 작별 인사를 하다, 작별. slave: 노예, 뼈빠지게 일하다, 노예의, harmless: 해없는, 악의 없는, 해가 없 노예처럼 시키다, 노예처럼 일하는 사 는. 람, 노예처럼 일하다, 노예개미, 종속 impaired: 장애가 있는, 떨어뜨리는. 장치로서 작동시키다, 노예같이 일하 obligation: 의무, 책임, 은혜, 채무. 는 사람, 사로빠진 사람, 종속 장치. ornament: 장식품, 장식, 광채를 더하 vassal: 가신, 가신의, 노예, 종자, 예속 는 사람, 꾸미다, 꾸밈음, 예배용품, 하는, 예속의.

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so I hoped my late master’s apprehensions would appear to be groundless; for I already found my spirits revive, by the influence of her most august presence.” This was the sum of my speech, delivered with great improprieties and hesitation. The latter part was altogether framed in the style peculiar to that people, whereof I learned some phrases from Glumdalclitch, while she was carrying me to court.% The queen, giving great allowance for my defectiveness in speaking, was, however, surprised at so much wit and good sense in so diminutive an animal. She took me in her own hand, and carried me to the king, who was then retired to his cabinet. His majesty, a prince of much gravity and austere countenance, not well observing my shape at first view, asked the queen after a cold manner “how long it was since she grew fond of a splacnuck?” for such it seems he took me to be, as I lay upon my breast in her majesty’s right hand. But this princess, who has an infinite deal of wit and humour, set me gently on my feet upon the scrutoire, and commanded me to give his majesty an account of myself, which I did in a very few words: and Glumdalclitch who attended at the cabinet door, and could not endure I should be out of her sight, being admitted, confirmed all that had passed from my arrival at her father’s house. The king, although he be as learned a person as any in his dominions, had been educated in the study of philosophy, and particularly mathematics; yet when he observed my shape exactly, and saw me walk erect, before I began to speak, conceived I might be a piece of clock-work (which is in that country arrived to a very great perfection) contrived by some ingenious artist. But when he heard my voice, and found what I delivered to be regular and rational, he could not conceal his astonishment. He was by no means satisfied with the relation I gave him of the manner I came into his kingdom, but thought it a story concerted between Glumdalclitch and her father, who had taught me a set of words to make me sell at a better price. Upon this imagination, he put several other questions to me, and still received rational answers: no otherwise defective than by a foreign accent, and an imperfect knowledge in the language, with some

Korean austere: 극도로간결한, 떫은, 신, 엄격 한, 가혹한, 금욕적인, 남풍, 내핍의. conceal: 숨기다, 감추다, 비밀로 하다, 내색하지 않다. concerted: 협정된, 합창용으로 편곡된 , 합의된, 협약이 이루어진, 합주용으 로 편곡된. defective: 불완전한, 결점 있는, 활용 형의 일부가 없는, 결점이 있는, 지능 적으로 표준 이하인, 모자라는 점이 있는, 결함이 있는.

defectiveness: 하자, 결함, 결여. endure: 지탱하다, 견디다, 참다, 겪다, 인내하다, 받다, 받다-인내하다, 허용 하다. fond: 어리석은, 다정한, 정에 무른, 사 랑에 빠진, 실없는, 애정있는, 좋아서, 토대, 레이스의 바닥 천, 기초, 좋아하 는. framed: 틀에 낀. gravity: 저음, 중량, 지구 인력, 중력, 중대, 진심, 엄숙, 중대함, 지구, 진지

함. groundless: 근거 없는, 근거없는, 기 초없는. hesitation: 주저, 망설임. phrases: 실없는 말. revive: 부활하다, 소생하다, 환원시키 다, 되살아나다, 환기하다, 재유행하 다, 재상연하다, 회복시키다, 상기하 다, 회상하다, 기운이나다. wit: 기지, 재치, 지력, 알다, 재치있는 사람, 정신, 재주꾼, 지.

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rustic phrases which I had learned at the farmer’s house, and did not suit the polite style of a court.% His majesty sent for three great scholars, who were then in their weekly waiting, according to the custom in that country. These gentlemen, after they had a while examined my shape with much nicety, were of different opinions concerning me. They all agreed that I could not be produced according to the regular laws of nature, because I was not framed with a capacity of preserving my life, either by swiftness, or climbing of trees, or digging holes in the earth. They observed by my teeth, which they viewed with great exactness, that I was a carnivorous animal; yet most quadrupeds being an overmatch for me, and field mice, with some others, too nimble, they could not imagine how I should be able to support myself, unless I fed upon snails and other insects, which they offered, by many learned arguments, to evince that I could not possibly do. One of these virtuosi seemed to think that I might be an embryo, or abortive birth. But this opinion was rejected by the other two, who observed my limbs to be perfect and finished; and that I had lived several years, as it was manifest from my beard, the stumps whereof they plainly discovered through a magnifying glass. They would not allow me to be a dwarf, because my littleness was beyond all degrees of comparison; for the queen’s favourite dwarf, the smallest ever known in that kingdom, was near thirty feet high. After much debate, they concluded unanimously, that I was only relplum scalcath, which is interpreted literally lusus naturae; a determination exactly agreeable to the modern philosophy of Europe, whose professors, disdaining the old evasion of occult causes, whereby the followers of Aristotle endeavoured in vain to disguise their ignorance, have invented this wonderful solution of all difficulties, to the unspeakable advancement of human knowledge. After this decisive conclusion, I entreated to be heard a word or two. I applied myself to the king, and assured his majesty, “that I came from a country which abounded with several millions of both sexes, and of my own stature; where the animals, trees, and houses, were all in proportion, and where, by consequence, I might be as able to defend myself, and to find sustenance, as any

Korean abortive: 실패의, 유산의, 조산의, 발 육부전의. carnivorous: 육식성의, 육식동물의, 식충식물의, 식충성의. dwarf: 난쟁이, 작아지다, 작은, 작게 하다, 지지러지게하다, 지지러지게 하 다, 보통보다 작은 식물, 왜성, 보통보 다 작은 동물, 난쟁이 금속세공인, 을 작게 하다. evasion: 회피, 도피, 둘러댐, 얼버무리 기, 탈출.

evince: 나타내다, 명시하다. littleness: 작음, 인색, 조금, 옹졸, 쩨 쩨함, 근소. nicety: 미묘, 정밀, 섬세, 우아한 것, 정확, 상세, 기미, 꼭 알맞게, 결벽, 맛 있는것, 고상한 것. occult: 엄폐, 신비적인, 불가사의의, 숨다, 신비한, 을 숨기다, 엄폐하다, 숨기다, 원뜻은 숨은, 숨은. overmatch: 보다 낫다, 남보다 뛰어난 사람, 을 능가하다.

rustic: 시골의, 통나무로 만든, 조야한, 소박한, 거칠게 만든, 수수한, 전원의, 농부, 시골 사람, 촌사람 같은, 시골풍 의. stature: 발달, 신장 성장, 키, 성장, 성 장도. swiftness: 빠름, 신속, 순식간임, 즉시, 하기 쉬움. unspeakable: 이루말할수없는, 심한, 언어도단의, 형언하기 어려운, 말하기 싫은, 입에 담기도 싫은.

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of %his majesty’s subjects could do here; which I took for a full answer to those gentlemen’s arguments.” To this they only replied with a smile of contempt, saying, “that the farmer had instructed me very well in my lesson.” The king, who had a much better understanding, dismissing his learned men, sent for the farmer, who by good fortune was not yet gone out of town. Having therefore first examined him privately, and then confronted him with me and the young girl, his majesty began to think that what we told him might possibly be true. He desired the queen to order that a particular care should be taken of me; and was of opinion that Glumdalclitch should still continue in her office of tending me, because he observed we had a great affection for each other. A convenient apartment was provided for her at court: she had a sort of governess appointed to take care of her education, a maid to dress her, and two other servants for menial offices; but the care of me was wholly appropriated to herself. The queen commanded her own cabinet-maker to contrive a box, that might serve me for a bedchamber, after the model that Glumdalclitch and I should agree upon. This man was a most ingenious artist, and according to my direction, in three weeks finished for me a wooden chamber of sixteen feet square, and twelve high, with sash-windows, a door, and two closets, like a London bed-chamber. The board, that made the ceiling, was to be lifted up and down by two hinges, to put in a bed ready furnished by her majesty’s upholsterer, which Glumdalclitch took out every day to air, made it with her own hands, and letting it down at night, locked up the roof over me. A nice workman, who was famous for little curiosities, undertook to make me two chairs, with backs and frames, of a substance not unlike ivory, and two tables, with a cabinet to put my things in. The room was quilted on all sides, as well as the floor and the ceiling, to prevent any accident from the carelessness of those who carried me, and to break the force of a jolt, when I went in a coach. I desired a lock for my door, to prevent rats and mice from coming in. The smith, after several attempts, made the smallest that ever was seen among them, for I have known a larger at the gate of a gentleman’s house in England. I made a shift to keep the key in a pocket of my own, fearing Glumdalclitch might lose it. The queen likewise ordered the thinnest silks that could be gotten, to make me clothes, not much thicker than an

Korean cabinet-maker: 고급가구 제작자, 가구 제작자. contempt: 치욕, 경멸, 모욕, 멸시, 모 멸, 수치, 업신여김, 창피, 모욕죄. contrive: 연구하다, 꾸미다, 고안하다, 계획하다, 일부러 저지르다, 꾀하다, 꾸려나가다, 설계하다, 획책하다, 일 부러 초래하다, 꾸려 나가다. gotten: 과거 분사. governess: 여성 지사, 여자 가정 교사, 지사 부인.

ivory: 상아, 상아색, 상아로 만든것이, 상아로된상아 같은, 상아로 만든, 기 다란 앞니, 치아, 주사위, 상아제품, 피아노의 건, 상아유사품. jolt: 동요, 덜컹거리다, 덜컹거리며 나 아가다, 덜컹거림, 충격, 흔들리다, 심 한 상하의 움직임, 덜커덕커덕 흔들리 다, 급격히 흔들리게 하다, 마차 따위 가 급격히 흔들리게 하다. lock: 자물쇠, 챙겨넣다, 타래, 끌어안 다, 총기, 한 줌의털, 자물쇠를 채우다

, 제륜장차, 가두다, 고착시키다, 자물 쇠가 채워지다. sixteen: 십육세, 십육의, 열여섯, 열여 섯 개, 십육세의. substance: 실체, 물질, 실질, 요지, 재 산, 물건, 본질, 사실상, 실질적으로, 자산, 거의 대부분. upholsterer: 실내 장식업자, 천갈이업 자. workman: 노동자, 일을 하는 사람, 노 동자의.

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English blanket, very cumbersome till I was accustomed to them. They were after the fashion of the kingdom, partly resembling the Persian, and partly the Chinese, and are a very grave and decent habit.% The queen became so fond of my company, that she could not dine without me. I had a table placed upon the same at which her majesty ate, just at her left elbow, and a chair to sit on. Glumdalclitch stood on a stool on the floor near my table, to assist and take care of me. I had an entire set of silver dishes and plates, and other necessaries, which, in proportion to those of the queen, were not much bigger than what I have seen in a London toy-shop for the furniture of a babyhouse: these my little nurse kept in her pocket in a silver box, and gave me at meals as I wanted them, always cleaning them herself. No person dined with the queen but the two princesses royal, the eldest sixteen years old, and the younger at that time thirteen and a month. Her majesty used to put a bit of meat upon one of my dishes, out of which I carved for myself, and her diversion was to see me eat in miniature: for the queen (who had indeed but a weak stomach) took up, at one mouthful, as much as a dozen English farmers could eat at a meal, which to me was for some time a very nauseous sight. She would craunch the wing of a lark, bones and all, between her teeth, although it were nine times as large as that of a full-grown turkey; and put a bit of bread into her mouth as big as two twelve-penny loaves. She drank out of a golden cup, above a hogshead at a draught. Her knives were twice as long as a scythe, set straight upon the handle. The spoons, forks, and other instruments, were all in the same proportion. I remember when Glumdalclitch carried me, out of curiosity, to see some of the tables at court, where ten or a dozen of those enormous knives and forks were lifted up together, I thought I had never till then beheld so terrible a sight. It is the custom, that every Wednesday (which, as I have observed, is their Sabbath) the king and queen, with the royal issue of both sexes, dine together in the apartment of his majesty, to whom I was now become a great favourite; and at these times, my little chair and table were placed at his left hand, before one of the salt-cellars. This prince took a pleasure in conversing with me, inquiring into the manners, religion, laws, government, and learning of Europe; wherein I gave

Korean accustomed: 익숙한, 평소의, 여느 때 찮은, 방해가 되는, 방해되는, 장애가 와 다름없는, 길든, 습관의, 에 익숙한 되는. . dine: 정찬을 들다, 식사를 하다, 식사 blanket: 담요, 덮어 버리다, 숨기다, 할 수 있다, 만찬을 대접하다, 정찬을 차별하지 않는, 방해하다, 일률적인- 먹다, 정찬을 대접하다. 담요에 싸다, 총괄적인, 모포-총괄적 dishes: 식탁용 접시류. 인, 전면을 덮는 것, 일률적인, 쉬쉬 elbow: 팔꿈치, 기역자 관-팔꿈치로 덮어 버리다. 찌르다, 몰두하여, 분주하여, 의복이 carved: 개척하는, 고기를 베어 나누는 팔꿈치가 뚫어져, 팔꿈치로 찌르다, , 베는, 새기는, 출세 등을 개척하는. 기역자 관, 가난하여, 밀어 제치고 나 cumbersome: 성가신, 주체스러운, 귀 아가다, 엘자 모양의 것, 팔꿈치 모양

의 것. forks: 포크. full-grown: 충분히 발육한, 충분히 성 장한. knives: 나이프, 칼. miniature: 축도, 축소화, 미세화법, 모 형, 세밀화, 채식 그림, 미세화로 그리 다, 미세화의, 사본의 채식, 을 미세화 로 그리다, 채식 문자. scythe: 큰 낫, 수레바퀴에 단 낫, 큰 낫 으로 베다.

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him%the best account I was able. His apprehension was so clear, and his judgment so exact, that he made very wise reflections and observations upon all I said. But I confess, that, after I had been a little too copious in talking of my own beloved country, of our trade and wars by sea and land, of our schisms in religion, and parties in the state; the prejudices of his education prevailed so far, that he could not forbear taking me up in his right hand, and stroking me gently with the other, after a hearty fit of laughing, asked me, “whether I was a whig or tory?” Then turning to his first minister, who waited behind him with a white staff, near as tall as the mainmast of the Royal Sovereign, he observed “how contemptible a thing was human grandeur, which could be mimicked by such diminutive insects as I: and yet,” says he, “I dare engage these creatures have their titles and distinctions of honour; they contrive little nests and burrows, that they call houses and cities; they make a figure in dress and equipage; they love, they fight, they dispute, they cheat, they betray!” And thus he continued on, while my colour came and went several times, with indignation, to hear our noble country, the mistress of arts and arms, the scourge of France, the arbitress of Europe, the seat of virtue, piety, honour, and truth, the pride and envy of the world, so contemptuously treated. But as I was not in a condition to resent injuries, so upon mature thoughts I began to doubt whether I was injured or no. For, after having been accustomed several months to the sight and converse of this people, and observed every object upon which I cast mine eyes to be of proportionable magnitude, the horror I had at first conceived from their bulk and aspect was so far worn off, that if I had then beheld a company of English lords and ladies in their finery and birthday clothes, acting their several parts in the most courtly manner of strutting, and bowing, and prating, to say the truth, I should have been strongly tempted to laugh as much at them as the king and his grandees did at me. Neither, indeed, could I forbear smiling at myself, when the queen used to place me upon her hand towards a looking-glass, by which both our persons appeared before me in full view together; and there could be nothing more ridiculous than the comparison; so that I really began to imagine myself dwindled many degrees below my usual size.

Korean contemptible: 비열한, 경멸할 만한, 멸시할, 한심한, 타기할, 치사한, 천시 할 만한, 경멸할만한, 경멸한 만한. contemptuously: 모욕적으로, 경멸하 여. copious: 풍부한, 내용이 풍부한, 많은, 말수가많은, 말이 많은, 자세히 서술 하는, 막대한. courtly: 아첨하는, 공손한, 아첨하여, 품위있는, 품위 있게, 점잖은, 우아한, 예의바른, 기품있는, 궁정풍으로, 궁

정의. envy: 부러워하다, 시기하다, 부러움, 신망, 질투, 선망의 대상. equipage: 용구일습, 마차 장비 일체, 마차, 마부따위의한갖춤, 장비, 장신 구 한 벌, 가정 용품 한 벌. finery: 미복, 아름다운 옷, 정련로, 훌 륭함, 미장, 장신구, 화려, 화려한옷. hearty: 친절한, 튼튼한, 마음으로부터 의, 배부른, 풍부한, 열심인, 원기왕성 한 사람, 충분한, 친구, 마음속으로부

터의, 활기찬. indignation: 분개, 의분, 분. looking-glass: 거울. mainmast: 큰 돛대, 메인마스트. piety: 경건, 효성, 순종, 공순, 효행, 공 손. scourge: 천벌, 몹시 괴롭히다, 매질하 다, 채찍, 벌하다, 매, 징벌하다, 채찍 질하다. whig: 휘그당원, 민권당원, 독립당원, 휘그당원의.

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Nothing%angered and mortified me so much as the queen’s dwarf; who being of the lowest stature that was ever in that country (for I verily think he was not full thirty feet high), became so insolent at seeing a creature so much beneath him, that he would always affect to swagger and look big as he passed by me in the queen’s antechamber, while I was standing on some table talking with the lords or ladies of the court, and he seldom failed of a smart word or two upon my littleness; against which I could only revenge myself by calling him brother, challenging him to wrestle, and such repartees as are usually in the mouths of court pages. One day, at dinner, this malicious little cub was so nettled with something I had said to him, that, raising himself upon the frame of her majesty’s chair, he took me up by the middle, as I was sitting down, not thinking any harm, and let me drop into a large silver bowl of cream, and then ran away as fast as he could. I fell over head and ears, and, if I had not been a good swimmer, it might have gone very hard with me; for Glumdalclitch in that instant happened to be at the other end of the room, and the queen was in such a fright, that she wanted presence of mind to assist me. But my little nurse ran to my relief, and took me out, after I had swallowed above a quart of cream. I was put to bed: however, I received no other damage than the loss of a suit of clothes, which was utterly spoiled. The dwarf was soundly whipt, and as a farther punishment, forced to drink up the bowl of cream into which he had thrown me: neither was he ever restored to favour; for soon after the queen bestowed him on a lady of high quality, so that I saw him no more, to my very great satisfaction; for I could not tell to what extremities such a malicious urchin might have carried his resentment. He had before served me a scurvy trick, which set the queen a-laughing, although at the same time she was heartily vexed, and would have immediately cashiered him, if I had not been so generous as to intercede. Her majesty had taken a marrow-bone upon her plate, and, after knocking out the marrow, placed the bone again in the dish erect, as it stood before; the dwarf, watching his opportunity, while Glumdalclitch was gone to the side-board, mounted the stool that she stood on to take care of me at meals, took me up in both hands, and squeezing my legs together, wedged them into the marrow bone above my waist,

Korean antechamber: 대기실, 앞방, 곁방. cub: 견습생, 애송이, 야수의 새끼, 새 끼를 낳다, 풋내기 신문기자, 수습기 자, 풋내기의, 풋내기, 새끼여우 사냥 을 하다, 새끼 짐승, 본데없는아이. insolent: 무례한, 건방진, 오만한, 안 하무인의. intercede: 중재하다, 조정하다, 중간에 들어 조정하다. lowest: 최하의, 최소의. quart: 쿼트, 액량의 단위, 건량의 단위

, 일쿼트들이의 병, 일쿼트들이의 단 지. scurvy: 괴혈병, 상스러운. soundly: 충분히, 건전한, 확실한, 합 리적인, 철저한, 강하지않은, 안전한, 건전하게. swagger: 멋진, 스마트한, 자랑하다, 으스대다, 뻐기다, 거들럭거리며 걷다 , 거드럭거리는 걸음걸이, 을러대어, 시키다, 뽐내며 걷기, 뽐내며 걷다. swimmer: 헤엄치는 사람, 수영자, 헤

엄치는사람, 헤엄치는동물. verily: 참으로, 확실히, 진실로. vexed: 안절부절 못하는, 곤란한, 마음 아픈, 성난, 머리를 이프게 하는. wedged: 쐐기 모양의, 박혀서 꼼짝 않 는. wrestle: 씨름, 분투, 싸우다, 레슬링, 와 레슬링하다, 레슬링을 하다, 맞붙 어 싸우다, 무지막지하게 마구 밀어대 다, 씨름을 하다, 와 레슬링을 하다, 을 넘어뜨리다.

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where I stuck for some time, and made a very ridiculous figure. I believe it was near a minute before any one knew what was become of me; for I thought it below me to cry out. But, as princes seldom get their meat hot, my legs were not scalded, only my stockings and breeches in a sad condition. The dwarf, at my entreaty, had no other punishment than a sound whipping.% I was frequently rallied by the queen upon account of my fearfulness; and she used to ask me whether the people of my country were as great cowards as myself? The occasion was this: the kingdom is much pestered with flies in summer; and these odious insects, each of them as big as a Dunstable lark, hardly gave me any rest while I sat at dinner, with their continual humming and buzzing about mine ears. They would sometimes alight upon my victuals, and leave their loathsome excrement, or spawn behind, which to me was very visible, though not to the natives of that country, whose large optics were not so acute as mine, in viewing smaller objects. Sometimes they would fix upon my nose, or forehead, where they stung me to the quick, smelling very offensively; and I could easily trace that viscous matter, which, our naturalists tell us, enables those creatures to walk with their feet upwards upon a ceiling. I had much ado to defend myself against these detestable animals, and could not forbear starting when they came on my face. It was the common practice of the dwarf, to catch a number of these insects in his hand, as schoolboys do among us, and let them out suddenly under my nose, on purpose to frighten me, and divert the queen. My remedy was to cut them in pieces with my knife, as they flew in the air, wherein my dexterity was much admired. I remember, one morning, when Glumdalclitch had set me in a box upon a window, as she usually did in fair days to give me air (for I durst not venture to let the box be hung on a nail out of the window, as we do with cages in England), after I had lifted up one of my sashes, and sat down at my table to eat a piece of sweet cake for my breakfast, above twenty wasps, allured by the smell, came flying into the room, humming louder than the drones of as many bagpipes. Some of them seized my cake, and carried it piecemeal away; others flew about my head and face, confounding me with the noise, and putting me in the utmost

Korean ado: 소동, 법석, 야단 법석. alight: 내리다, 하차하다, 착륙하다, 새 가 앉다, 우연히 발견하다, 우연히 만 나다, 불타고. bagpipes: 백파이프, 풍적. buzzing: 윙윙거리는. entreaty: 간원, 간청. excrement: 배설물. fearfulness: 공포, 무서움. frighten: 겁내다, 놀라다, 소스라쳐 놀 라게 하다, 놀라게하다, 무서워하다,

을러대어 ~을시키다. humming: 활발한, 콧노래, 번성하는, 씽씽한, 붕붕하는, 거품 이는, 붕붕거 리는, 소리를 내는. loathsome: 지긋지긋한, 구역질 나는, 기분 나쁜, 육체적으로 기분 나쁜, 싫 는, 싫어서 견딜 수 없는. odious: 싫은, 밉살스러운, 증오해야 할, 추악한. offensively: 무례하게, 공세로, 비위에 거슬리게.

optics: 광학. piecemeal: 조금씩, 조각난, 산산이 조 각난, 산산이, 산산조각의, 제각기. scalded: 끓는. spawn: 알, 결과, 산물, 우글거리는 아 이들, 군사, 균사, 낳다, 수두룩이 낳 다, 알을 낳다, 애새끼. viewing: 텔레비전 프로, 텔레비전 보 기, 바라보기, 조망, 보기. viscous: 점착성의, 가소성의, 끈적이 는, 찐득찐득한.

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terror of their stings. However, I had the courage to rise and draw my hanger, and attack them in the air. I dispatched four of them, but the rest got away, and I presently shut my window. These insects were as large as partridges: I took out their stings, found them an inch and a half long, and as sharp as needles. I carefully preserved them all; and having since shown them, with some other curiosities, in several parts of Europe, upon my return to England I gave three of them to Gresham College, and kept the fourth for myself.%

Korean attack: 습격하다, 공격하다, 침범하다, 착수하다, 공격, 습격, 발성, 발성법, 발음, 발음법, 개시. carefully: 신중히, 주의하여, 검소하게 , 균모있게, 면밀히, 정성들여서, 조심 스럽게, 주의 깊게. draw: 끌다, 그리다, 당기다, 묘사하다, 뽑아내다, 자아내다, 이끌어내다, 접 근하다, 이끌다, 제비, 빠지다. fourth: 제 사, 네번째, 네번째의, 네분 의, 네분의 하나의, 네째, 네째의, 독

립 기념일, 사 등품, 제 4 의. inch: 인치, 소량, 신장, 조금씩 움직이 다, 키, 작은섬, 조금, 강우량 단위, 조 금씩 움직이게 하다. return: 돌아가다, 되돌아가다, 대답하 다, 답신하다, 보수, 반사하다, 반환, 보답하다, 답례, 선출, 돌려주다. rise: 일어나다, 떠오르다, 오르다, 기원 , 증대, 상승, 향상하다, 출세, 등귀, 일어서다, 소생. sharp: 날카로운, 활발한, 교활한, 갑자

기, 날카롭게, 무성음의, 반음 높은, 드높은, 빠른, 새된, 선명한. shut: 닫히다, 잠기다, 잠그다, 잠가 막 다, 막다, 가로막다, 폐쇄음의, 휴업하 다, 폐쇄하다, 닫다, 에 가두다. terror: 공포, 무서운사람, 무서움, 성가 신 녀석, 몹시 들볶아대는 것, 공포 정 치, 테러. window: 창, 창문, 창틀, 창을 내다, 장식창, 윈도, 예정기일의 차이, 실행 기간, 관찰할 기회, 창구.

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%IV

[The country described. A proposal for correcting modern maps. The king’s palace; and some account of the metropolis. The author’s way of travelling. The chief temple described.]

I now intend to give the reader a short description of this country, as far as I travelled in it, which was not above two thousand miles round Lorbrulgrud, the metropolis. For the queen, whom I always attended, never went farther when she accompanied the king in his progresses, and there staid till his majesty returned from viewing his frontiers. The whole extent of this prince’s dominions reaches about six thousand miles in length, and from three to five in breadth: whence I cannot but conclude, that our geographers of Europe are in a great error, by supposing nothing but sea between Japan and California; for it was ever my opinion, that there must be a balance of earth to counterpoise the great continent of Tartary; and therefore they ought to correct their maps and charts, by joining this vast tract of land to the north-west parts of America, wherein I shall be ready to lend them my assistance. The kingdom is a peninsula, terminated to the north-east by a ridge of mountains thirty miles high, which are altogether impassable, by reason of the volcanoes upon the tops: neither do the most learned know what sort of mortals inhabit beyond those mountains, or whether they be inhabited at all. On the

Korean charts: 차트. conclude: 체결하다, 끝내다, 말을 맺 다, 끝나다, 결론을 내리다, 마치다, 결론하다, 결말짓다, 결정하다, 마무 리하다, 추단하다. continent: 대륙, 본토, 육지, 성욕을 절 제하는, 자제심이 있는, 금욕의, 극기 의, 정숙한, 자제하여, 배설 억제 능력 이 있는, 금욕적인. counterpoise: 와 균형을 이루다, 평형, 균형, 보충하다, 평형추, 평균시키다,

카운터포이즈, 균세물, 균세, 매설 지 선, 균형이 잡히게 하다. impassable: 통행할 수 없는, 극복할수 없는, 넘어설 수없는, 지나갈수 없는, 통과할수 없는, 지나갈 수 없는. inhabit: 에 살다, 거주하다, 살다, 에 존재하다, 에 깃들다. peninsula: 반도, 아베리아 반도. ridge: 이랑, 산등성이, 산마루, 이랑이 되다, 등, 등줄기, 산맥, 산맥마룻대, 산봉우리, 융기, 콧날.

temple: 신전, 관자놀이, 성단, 절, 교 회, 사원, 전당, 쳇발, 고대 유대의 3 신전의 하나, 안경 다리, 성령의 전. tract: 소책자, 팜플렛, 지역, 관, 넓이, 기간, 계통, 넓은 땅, 소논문, 다발, 넓 은 면적. travelled: 견문이 넓은, 여행자가 많은 , 널리 여행을 한. travelling: 이동, 순업, 여행의, 여행하 는 여행, 이동하는, 여행함, 여행용의, 여행.

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three%other sides, it is bounded by the ocean. There is not one seaport in the whole kingdom: and those parts of the coasts into which the rivers issue, are so full of pointed rocks, and the sea generally so rough, that there is no venturing with the smallest of their boats; so that these people are wholly excluded from any commerce with the rest of the world. But the large rivers are full of vessels, and abound with excellent fish; for they seldom get any from the sea, because the sea fish are of the same size with those in Europe, and consequently not worth catching; whereby it is manifest, that nature, in the production of plants and animals of so extraordinary a bulk, is wholly confined to this continent, of which I leave the reasons to be determined by philosophers. However, now and then they take a whale that happens to be dashed against the rocks, which the common people feed on heartily. These whales I have known so large, that a man could hardly carry one upon his shoulders; and sometimes, for curiosity, they are brought in hampers to Lorbrulgrud; I saw one of them in a dish at the king’s table, which passed for a rarity, but I did not observe he was fond of it; for I think, indeed, the bigness disgusted him, although I have seen one somewhat larger in Greenland. The country is well inhabited, for it contains fifty-one cities, near a hundred walled towns, and a great number of villages. To satisfy my curious reader, it may be sufficient to describe Lorbrulgrud. This city stands upon almost two equal parts, on each side the river that passes through. It contains above eighty thousand houses, and about six hundred thousand inhabitants. It is in length three glomglungs (which make about fifty-four English miles,) and two and a half in breadth; as I measured it myself in the royal map made by the king’s order, which was laid on the ground on purpose for me, and extended a hundred feet: I paced the diameter and circumference several times barefoot, and, computing by the scale, measured it pretty exactly. The king’s palace is no regular edifice, but a heap of buildings, about seven miles round: the chief rooms are generally two hundred and forty feet high, and broad and long in proportion. A coach was allowed to Glumdalclitch and me, wherein her governess frequently took her out to see the town, or go among the

Korean abound: 이 많다, 많이 있다, 넘쳐흐른 dish: 접시에 담다, 요리, 푼주, 접시, 다, 그득하다. 움푹해지다, 식품, 성적 매력이 있는 barefoot: 맨발의, 맨발로, 맨발. 여자, 위성 방송, 미인, 그릇, 사발 모 catching: 전염성의, 전염하는, 마음을 양으로 움푹 들어가게 하다. 빼앗는, 매력있는, 매력 있는 것. heap: 기가 푹 꺽이다, 느닷없이, 많이, commerce: 상업, 통상, 교제, 교섭, 교 퍽, 쌓다, 쌓아 올리다, 더미, 매우, 수 역, 무역. 북이 담다, 쌓아올리다, 쌓아올린 것. confined: 갇힌, 외출이 금지된, 좁은, manifest: 나타나다, 적하 목록에 기재 한정된, 해산 자리에 누워. 하다, 명백한, 명시하다, 나타내다, 입 dashed: 괘씸한, 굉장히, 낙심한, 의기 증하다, 의견을 발표하다, 적하 목록, 소침한, 지독히. 유령 따위가 나타나다, 밖으로 나타내

다, 감정 따위를 밖으로 나타내다. map: 지도, 지도를 만들다, 약도. paced: 보의, 걸음이 ...인. rarity: 희박, 진품, 드묾, 진귀, 진기. seaport: 항구, 항구도시. seldom: 드물게, 흔히, 좀처럼...않는, 좀처럼, 않는. walled: 벽이 있는. whale: 고래, 고래잡이에 종사하다, 굉 장히 큰것, 심하게 때리다, 매질하다, 뛰어난 사람, 뛰어난 것, 때리다.

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shops; %and I was always of the party, carried in my box; although the girl, at my own desire, would often take me out, and hold me in her hand, that I might more conveniently view the houses and the people, as we passed along the streets. I reckoned our coach to be about a square of Westminster-hall, but not altogether so high: however, I cannot be very exact. One day the governess ordered our coachman to stop at several shops, where the beggars, watching their opportunity, crowded to the sides of the coach, and gave me the most horrible spectacle that ever a European eye beheld. There was a woman with a cancer in her breast, swelled to a monstrous size, full of holes, in two or three of which I could have easily crept, and covered my whole body. There was a fellow with a wen in his neck, larger than five wool-packs; and another, with a couple of wooden legs, each about twenty feet high. But the most hateful sight of all, was the lice crawling on their clothes. I could see distinctly the limbs of these vermin with my naked eye, much better than those of a European louse through a microscope, and their snouts with which they rooted like swine. They were the first I had ever beheld, and I should have been curious enough to dissect one of them, if I had had proper instruments, which I unluckily left behind me in the ship, although, indeed, the sight was so nauseous, that it perfectly turned my stomach. Besides the large box in which I was usually carried, the queen ordered a smaller one to be made for me, of about twelve feet square, and ten high, for the convenience of travelling; because the other was somewhat too large for Glumdalclitch’s lap, and cumbersome in the coach; it was made by the same artist, whom I directed in the whole contrivance. This travelling-closet was an exact square, with a window in the middle of three of the squares, and each window was latticed with iron wire on the outside, to prevent accidents in long journeys. On the fourth side, which had no window, two strong staples were fixed, through which the person that carried me, when I had a mind to be on horseback, put a leathern belt, and buckled it about his waist. This was always the office of some grave trusty servant, in whom I could confide, whether I attended the king and queen in their progresses, or were disposed to see the gardens, or pay a visit to some great lady or minister of state in the court, when

Korean breast: 가슴, 유방, 흉부, 무릅쓰다, 가 슴에받다, 가슴통을 달다, 가슴을 대 다, 가슴 모양의 부분, 대담하게 맞서 다, 젖퉁이, 헤치고 나아가다. buckled: 죔쇠 달린, 죔쇠가 달린. coachman: 마부, 제물 낚시. confide: 신임하다, 이야기하다, 신뢰 하다, 신탁하다, 위탁하다, 맡기다, 털 어놓다. convenience: 편의, 편리, 변소, 편리한 것, 형편좋음, 이기, 편익, 사정, 공중

변소. crawling: 크롤링, 벼룩이 꾄, 이가 꾄. dissect: 해부하다, 분석하다, 상세히 분석하다, 상세히 비평하다, 절개하다 . grave: 수수한, 무덤, 명심하다, 새기다 , 중대한, 진지한, 묘혈, 심각한, 중요 한, 예사롭지 않은, 침침한. latticed: 격자를 붙인, 창살꼴로 만든. louse: 이, 기생충, 천한녀석, 비열한 놈, 이를 잡다.

microscope: 현미경의, 극히 미세한, 현미경, 현미경 별자리. ordered: 정연한, 질서 바른, 정돈된. swine: 돼지, 야비한 사람, 비열한 놈. unluckily: 불운하게도, 공교롭게도, 불행하게도. vermin: 사회의 해충, 해충, 건달, 깡패 , 해로운 짐승, 두더지 따위, 영국에서 는 엽조나 가금을 해치는 매, 여우, 올 빼미, 해수. wen: 혹, 대도시, 웬.

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Glumdalclitch happened to be out of order; for I soon began to be known and esteemed among the greatest officers, I suppose more upon account of their majesties’ favour, than any merit of my own. In journeys, when I was weary of the coach, a servant on horseback would buckle on my box, and place it upon a cushion before him; and there I had a full prospect of the country on three sides, from my three windows. I had, in this closet, a field-bed and a hammock, hung from the ceiling, two chairs and a table, neatly screwed to the floor, to prevent being tossed about by the agitation of the horse or the coach. And having been long used to sea-voyages, those motions, although sometimes very violent, did not much discompose me.% Whenever I had a mind to see the town, it was always in my travelling-closet; which Glumdalclitch held in her lap in a kind of open sedan, after the fashion of the country, borne by four men, and attended by two others in the queen’s livery. The people, who had often heard of me, were very curious to crowd about the sedan, and the girl was complaisant enough to make the bearers stop, and to take me in her hand, that I might be more conveniently seen. I was very desirous to see the chief temple, and particularly the tower belonging to it, which is reckoned the highest in the kingdom. Accordingly one day my nurse carried me thither, but I may truly say I came back disappointed; for the height is not above three thousand feet, reckoning from the ground to the highest pinnacle top; which, allowing for the difference between the size of those people and us in Europe, is no great matter for admiration, nor at all equal in proportion (if I rightly remember) to Salisbury steeple. But, not to detract from a nation, to which, during my life, I shall acknowledge myself extremely obliged, it must be allowed, that whatever this famous tower wants in height, is amply made up in beauty and strength: for the walls are near a hundred feet thick, built of hewn stone, whereof each is about forty feet square, and adorned on all sides with statues of gods and emperors, cut in marble, larger than the life, placed in their several niches. I measured a little finger which had fallen down from one of these statues, and lay unperceived among some rubbish, and found it exactly four feet and an inch in length. Glumdalclitch wrapped it up in her handkerchief,

Korean buckle: 구부리다, 비틀어지다, 혁대장 식, 죔쇠, 죔쇠로 죄다, 양보하다, 격 투하다, 구부러지다, 굴복하다. closet: 벽장, 사실, 비밀의, 변소, 작은 방, 비실제적인, 변기, 밀담시키다, 들 어박히다, 들어박혀 있다, 다락장. complaisant: 공손한, 상냥한, 유순한, 정중한, 고분고분한. cushion: 완충물, 쿠션, 쿠션 꼴을 한 것, 공기 쿠션, 가라앉히다, 허리띠에 대는 헝겊받침, 쿠션을 달다, 쿠션으

로 받치다, 안석, 베이스, 방석. detract: 떨어뜨리다, 손상시키다, 손상 시티다, 나쁘게 말하다, 딴데로 돌리 다, 떨어지다. disappointed: 실망한. hammock: 해먹. livery: 제복, 정복, 정식량, 일정한 옷, 옷차림, 간이 나쁜, 말이나 마차 세놓 은 업, 말의 정식량, 마차셋집, 동업 조합, 말셋집. neatly: 교묘하게, 깔끔하게, 맵시있게,

산뜻하게, 말쑥하게. pinnacle: 높은 곳에 두다, 높은 산봉우 리, 작은 뾰족탑, 작은 뽀족탑, 작은 첨탑, 첨탑에 설치하다. reckoning: 청산, 계산, 계산서, 청산일 , 벌, 최후의 심판일, 측정, 셈, 배 위 치의 추산, 계산서응보, 응보. screwed: 나사로 고정시킨, 나사모양 의, 술 취한, 엉망인, 나사로 죈, 술취 한, 비뚤어진. sedan: 세단형 자동차, 의자 가마.

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and carried it home in her pocket, to keep among other trinkets, of which the girl was very fond, as children at her age usually are.% The king’s kitchen is indeed a noble building, vaulted at top, and about six hundred feet high. The great oven is not so wide, by ten paces, as the cupola at St. Paul’s: for I measured the latter on purpose, after my return. But if I should describe the kitchen grate, the prodigious pots and kettles, the joints of meat turning on the spits, with many other particulars, perhaps I should be hardly believed; at least a severe critic would be apt to think I enlarged a little, as travellers are often suspected to do. To avoid which censure I fear I have run too much into the other extreme; and that if this treatise should happen to be translated into the language of Brobdingnag (which is the general name of that kingdom,) and transmitted thither, the king and his people would have reason to complain that I had done them an injury, by a false and diminutive representation. His majesty seldom keeps above six hundred horses in his stables: they are generally from fifty-four to sixty feet high. But, when he goes abroad on solemn days, he is attended, for state, by a military guard of five hundred horse, which, indeed, I thought was the most splendid sight that could be ever beheld, till I saw part of his army in battalia, whereof I shall find another occasion to speak.

Korean apt: 적당한, 하기쉬운, 이해가 빠른, 적절한, 총기있는, 하기 쉬운, 할 것 같은, 재기있는. complain: 호소하다, 고소하다, 불평하 다, 슬픈 소리를 내다, 하소연하다, 투 덜거리다, 불평을하다, 불만을 털어놓 다, 신음하다, 앓다, 푸념하다. critic: 비평가, 비판하는 사람, 혹평가, 감정가, 흠잡는사람, 흠잡기를 일삼는 사람, 평론가, 비평가의, 임계의, 비평 의, 비판적인.

cupola: 둥근 지붕, 선회 포탑, 큐폴라, 고려한, 표준에입각한, 정확하게잰, 둥근 지붕의 탑, 둥근 천장, 반구모양 율동적인, 박자가맞는, 박자가 맞는, 의 융기, 용선로, 반구 모양의 기관, 알맞은, 운을 다는. 반구 모양의 융기, 둥근 지붕의 꼭대 noble: 고귀한, 훌륭한, 귀족, 고결한, 기 탑. 귀중한, 당당한, 숭고한, 유명한, 뛰어 feet: 발. 난, 독선가, 노블금화파업 파괴지도자 grate: 갈다, 삐걱거리다, 삐걱거리게 . 하다, 쇠살판, 화상, 불쾌감을 주다, oven: 화덕, 오븐, 숍, 솥, 가마. 서로 갈리다, 으깨어 빻다, 에 쇠창살 vaulted: 아치형의, 아치형 천장의, 둥 을 대다, 쇠격자, 거슬리다. 근 천장으로 된, 아치 모양 천장으로 measured: 신중한, 정확히 잰, 정연한, 된.

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CHAPTER

%V

[Several adventurers that happened to the author. The execution of a criminal. The author shows his skill in navigation.]

I should have lived happy enough in that country, if my littleness had not exposed me to several ridiculous and troublesome accidents; some of which I shall venture to relate. Glumdalclitch often carried me into the gardens of the court in my smaller box, and would sometimes take me out of it, and hold me in her hand, or set me down to walk. I remember, before the dwarf left the queen, he followed us one day into those gardens, and my nurse having set me down, he and I being close together, near some dwarf apple trees, I must needs show my wit, by a silly allusion between him and the trees, which happens to hold in their language as it does in ours. Whereupon, the malicious rogue, watching his opportunity, when I was walking under one of them, shook it directly over my head, by which a dozen apples, each of them near as large as a Bristol barrel, came tumbling about my ears; one of them hit me on the back as I chanced to stoop, and knocked me down flat on my face; but I received no other hurt, and the dwarf was pardoned at my desire, because I had given the provocation. Another day, Glumdalclitch left me on a smooth grass-plot to divert myself, while she walked at some distance with her governess. In the meantime, there suddenly fell such a violent shower of hail, that I was immediately by the force

Korean allusion: 암시, 변죽 울림, 약간의 언 급, 인유. barrel: 통, 한 베럴, 통 모양의 것-통 에 담다, 포신, 한 통, 통에 채우다, 중 배가 불룩한 통, 통에 담다, 통에 넣다 , 한 배럴, 캡스턴의 동부. dozen: 다스. execution: 실행, 이행, 사형 집행, 제 작, 효과, 연주, 작성, 솜씨, 처형, 서 명 날인, 수행. hail: 싸락눈, 퍼붓다, 빗발치듯 쏟아지

다, 이라 부르며맞이하다, 큰소리로 소나기로 적시다, 빗발치듯 내리다, 부르다, 인사, 환호, 의 출신이다, 인 소나기가 쏟아지다, 뿌리다, 빗발 치 사하다, 우박, 싸라기눈. 듯함, 샤워, 소나기가 오다. malicious: 악의 있는, 속 검은, 적의 stoop: 새우등, 현과의 툇마루, 허리가 있는. 굽다, 전락하다, 굽히다, 굴종, 겸손, meantime: 이럭저럭하는 동안에, 그 구부러지다, 몸을 굽히다, 하다, 자신 동안에, 이야기는 바뀌어, 한편 이야 을 낮추어. 기는 바뀌어. troublesome: 귀찮은, 골치 아픈, 다루 ours: 우리의 것, 우리의 가족, 우리의 기 힘든, 성가신, 까다로운, 말썽부리 연대 따위, 우리의 임무, 우리의 회사. 는. shower: 소나기, 많음, 쏟아짐, 선물, tumbling: 텀블링.

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of it, struck to the ground: and when I was down, the hailstones gave me such cruel bangs all over the body, as if I had been pelted with tennis-balls; however, I made a shift to creep on all fours, and shelter myself, by lying flat on my face, on the lee-side of a border of lemon-thyme, but so bruised from head to foot, that I could not go abroad in ten days. Neither is this at all to be wondered at, because nature, in that country, observing the same proportion through all her operations, a hailstone is near eighteen hundred times as large as one in Europe; which I can assert upon experience, having been so curious as to weigh and measure them.% But a more dangerous accident happened to me in the same garden, when my little nurse, believing she had put me in a secure place (which I often entreated her to do, that I might enjoy my own thoughts,) and having left my box at home, to avoid the trouble of carrying it, went to another part of the garden with her governess and some ladies of her acquaintance. While she was absent, and out of hearing, a small white spaniel that belonged to one of the chief gardeners, having got by accident into the garden, happened to range near the place where I lay: the dog, following the scent, came directly up, and taking me in his mouth, ran straight to his master wagging his tail, and set me gently on the ground. By good fortune he had been so well taught, that I was carried between his teeth without the least hurt, or even tearing my clothes. But the poor gardener, who knew me well, and had a great kindness for me, was in a terrible fright: he gently took me up in both his hands, and asked me how I did? but I was so amazed and out of breath, that I could not speak a word. In a few minutes I came to myself, and he carried me safe to my little nurse, who, by this time, had returned to the place where she left me, and was in cruel agonies when I did not appear, nor answer when she called. She severely reprimanded the gardener on account of his dog. But the thing was hushed up, and never known at court, for the girl was afraid of the queen’s anger; and truly, as to myself, I thought it would not be for my reputation, that such a story should go about. This accident absolutely determined Glumdalclitch never to trust me abroad for the future out of her sight. I had been long afraid of this resolution, and therefore concealed from her some little unlucky adventures, that happened in

Korean amazed: 놀란. assert: 주장하다, 단언하다, 옹호하다, 자기 설을 주장하다, 역설하다, 자기 권리를 주장하다, 을 단언하다. bangs: 앞 단발머리. believing: 믿음이 있는, 백문이 불여 일견, 보는것보다 확실한 것은 없다, 빈음, 신앙심 있는. concealed: 숨기는. cruel: 잔인한, 심한, 잔혹한, 아주, 몹 시, 지독하게, 무정한, 무참한, 비차만

, 비참한, 지독한. gardener: 원예사, 정원사, 외야수, 조 원업자, 원예가, 채소 재배자, 취미로 정원 가꾸는 사람, 원예 애호가. hailstone: 우박, 싸라기눈. hushed: 고요한, 조용해진. scent: 냄새, 향수를 뿌리다, 향수, 흔적 , 향기, 냄새 맡다, 냄새를 풍기다, 냄 새자취, 실마리, 알아채다, 후각. shelter: 방공호, 보호하다, 피난하다, 보호물, 은신처, 차페물, 주거, 햇빛을

피하다, 비호하다, 비호, 대피호. spaniel: 비굴한 알랑쇠, 스패니엘. tearing: 찢는, 괴로운, 냅다, 미친듯이, 사납게 날뛰는, 잡아뜯는, 맹렬이, 쥐 어 뜯는, 쥐어뜯는 듯한, 맹렬한, 맹렬 히. weigh: 무거운 짐이 되다, 무게를 달다 , 닻을 올리다, 울리다, 말을 음미하다 , 몸무게를 달다, 손으로 무게를 헤아 리다, 숙고하다, 압박하다, 잘 생각하 다, 존중되다.

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those times when I was left by myself. Once a kite, hovering over the garden, made a stoop at me, and if I had not resolutely drawn my hanger, and run under a thick espalier, he would have certainly carried me away in his talons. Another time, walking to the top of a fresh mole-hill, I fell to my neck in the hole, through which that animal had cast up the earth, and coined some lie, not worth remembering, to excuse myself for spoiling my clothes. I likewise broke my right shin against the shell of a snail, which I happened to stumble over, as I was walking alone and thinking on poor England.% I cannot tell whether I were more pleased or mortified to observe, in those solitary walks, that the smaller birds did not appear to be at all afraid of me, but would hop about within a yard’s distance, looking for worms and other food, with as much indifference and security as if no creature at all were near them. I remember, a thrush had the confidence to snatch out of my hand, with his bill, a of cake that Glumdalclitch had just given me for my breakfast. When I attempted to catch any of these birds, they would boldly turn against me, endeavouring to peck my fingers, which I durst not venture within their reach; and then they would hop back unconcerned, to hunt for worms or snails, as they did before. But one day, I took a thick cudgel, and threw it with all my strength so luckily, at a linnet, that I knocked him down, and seizing him by the neck with both my hands, ran with him in triumph to my nurse. However, the bird, who had only been stunned, recovering himself gave me so many boxes with his wings, on both sides of my head and body, though I held him at arm’s-length, and was out of the reach of his claws, that I was twenty times thinking to let him go. But I was soon relieved by one of our servants, who wrung off the bird’s neck, and I had him next day for dinner, by the queen’s command. This linnet, as near as I can remember, seemed to be somewhat larger than an English swan. The maids of honour often invited Glumdalclitch to their apartments, and desired she would bring me along with her, on purpose to have the pleasure of seeing and touching me. They would often strip me naked from top to toe, and lay me at full length in their bosoms; wherewith I was much disgusted because, to say the truth, a very offensive smell came from their skins; which I do not

Korean cudgel: 곤봉으로 때리다, 곤장, 곤봉. espalier: 과수를받치는시렁, 과수 시렁 을 만들다, 과수 시렁으로 받친 나무, 과수 울타리를 만들다. hop: 홉, 춤추다, 마약, 앙감질, 아편, 뛰다, 홉 열매를 따다, 이륙하다, 도약 , 짧은 여행, 홉의 열매를 따다. hovering: 공중 정지, 호버링. linnet: 홍방울새, 붉은가슴방울새. peck: 가벼운 키스, 조금씩 먹다, 펙, 쪼아 줍다, 흠을 잡다, 쪼다, 영국의

건량 단위, 쪼기, 음식, 에게 급히 키 스하다, 깨죽깨죽먹다. shin: 정강이, 기어오르다, 기어 내리 다, 기어 오르다, 도보로 가다, 을 기 어 오르다, 정강이를 차서 다치게 하 다, 정강이를 차다. snail: 달팽이, 굼뱅이, 소용돌이 캠, 느 리광이. snatch: 와락 붙잡다, 잡아챔, 작은 조 각, 강탈, 급히 먹다, 한입, 단시간, 단 편, 잡으려고 하다, 용하게 얻다, 움켜

잡으려들다. solitary: 고독한, 혼자의, 외로운, 단독 의, 혼자사는 사람, 혼자 사는 사람, 유일한, 분리된, 인적이 없는. thrush: 개똥지빠귀, 여자 팝송 가수, 질염, 제차부란, 아구창. unconcerned: 태연한, 무관한, 관계가 없는, 관심을 가지지 않는, 개의하지 않는, 무사 태평한, 개의치 않는, 흥미 을 가지지 않는. wings: 공군 기장.

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mention, or intend, to the disadvantage of those excellent ladies, for whom I have all manner of respect; but I conceive that my sense was more acute in proportion to my littleness, and that those illustrious persons were no more disagreeable to their lovers, or to each other, than people of the same quality are with us in England. And, after all, I found their natural smell was much more supportable, than when they used perfumes, under which I immediately swooned away. I cannot forget, that an intimate friend of mine in Lilliput, took the freedom in a warm day, when I had used a good deal of exercise, to complain of a strong smell about me, although I am as little faulty that way, as most of my sex: but I suppose his faculty of smelling was as nice with regard to me, as mine was to that of this people. Upon this point, I cannot forbear doing justice to the queen my mistress, and Glumdalclitch my nurse, whose persons were as sweet as those of any lady in England.% That which gave me most uneasiness among these maids of honour (when my nurse carried me to visit then) was, to see them use me without any manner of ceremony, like a creature who had no sort of consequence: for they would strip themselves to the skin, and put on their smocks in my presence, while I was placed on their toilet, directly before their naked bodies, which I am sure to me was very far from being a tempting sight, or from giving me any other emotions than those of horror and disgust: their skins appeared so coarse and uneven, so variously coloured, when I saw them near, with a mole here and there as broad as a trencher, and hairs hanging from it thicker than packthreads, to say nothing farther concerning the rest of their persons. Neither did they at all scruple, while I was by, to discharge what they had drank, to the quantity of at least two hogsheads, in a vessel that held above three tuns. The handsomest among these maids of honour, a pleasant, frolicsome girl of sixteen, would sometimes set me astride upon one of her nipples, with many other tricks, wherein the reader will excuse me for not being over particular. But I was so much displeased, that I entreated Glumdalclitch to contrive some excuse for not seeing that young lady any more.

Korean astride: 걸터앉아, 걸치어. coarse: 야비한, 조잡한, 결이 거친, 조 제의, 하치의, 천한, 상스러운, 추잡한 , 눈, 굵은, 거친. disadvantage: 불리한 입장, 불편, 불 리, 불리하게 하다. disagreeable: 불쾌한, 까다로운, 마음 에 안 드는, 불유쾌한. disgust: 역겹게하다, 혐오, 역겨움, 정 떨어지게 하다, 정떨어지게하다-역겨 움, 싫음, 메스꺼워찌게 하다.

faculty: 재능, 학부, 능력, 기능, 특허, 동업자 단체, 자력, 수완, 대학고교의 전교직원, 학부의 교수단, 직원회의. faulty: 불완전한, 결점 있는, 결점이 있는. frolicsome: 장난치는, 흥겨운, 까불거 리며 뛰노는. mole: 두더지, 사마귀, 몰, 검은 점, 방 파제, 터널굴착기, 그램분자, 스파이. scruple: 망설임, 예사로, 태연히, 주저 하다, 미량, 스쿠루플, 주저, 꺼리다,

스크루플, 양심의 가책, 의심. supportable: 원조할 수 있는, 지탱할 수 있는, 참을 수 있는. tempting: 유혹하는, 황홀하게 하는, 부추기는, 마음이 당기는. uneven: 한결같지 않은, 평탄하지 않 은, 균질이 아닌, 흘수의. variously: 여러 가지이름으로, 여러방 면으로, 가지가지로, 가지각색으로, 형형색색으로, 여러 가지로. whose: 누구의.

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One day, a young gentleman, who was nephew to my nurse’s governess, came and pressed them both to see an execution. It was of a man, who had murdered one of that gentleman’s intimate acquaintance. Glumdalclitch was prevailed on to be of the company, very much against her inclination, for she was naturally tender-hearted: and, as for myself, although I abhorred such kind of spectacles, yet my curiosity tempted me to see something that I thought must be extraordinary. The malefactor was fixed in a chair upon a scaffold erected for that purpose, and his head cut off at one blow, with a sword of about forty feet long. The veins and arteries spouted up such a prodigious quantity of blood, and so high in the air, that the great jet d’eau at Versailles was not equal to it for the time it lasted: and the head, when it fell on the scaffold floor, gave such a bounce as made me start, although I was at least half an English mile distant.% The queen, who often used to hear me talk of my sea-voyages, and took all occasions to divert me when I was melancholy, asked me whether I understood how to handle a sail or an oar, and whether a little exercise of rowing might not be convenient for my health? I answered, that I understood both very well: for although my proper employment had been to be surgeon or doctor to the ship, yet often, upon a pinch, I was forced to work like a common mariner. But I could not see how this could be done in their country, where the smallest wherry was equal to a first-rate man of war among us; and such a boat as I could manage would never live in any of their rivers. Her majesty said, if I would contrive a boat, her own joiner should make it, and she would provide a place for me to sail in. The fellow was an ingenious workman, and by my instructions, in ten days, finished a pleasure-boat with all its tackling, able conveniently to hold eight Europeans. When it was finished, the queen was so delighted, that she ran with it in her lap to the king, who ordered it to be put into a cistern full of water, with me in it, by way of trial, where I could not manage my two sculls, or little oars, for want of room. But the queen had before contrived another project. She ordered the joiner to make a wooden trough of three hundred feet long, fifty broad, and eight deep; which, being well pitched, to prevent leaking, was placed on the floor, along the wall, in an outer room of the palace. It had a cock near the bottom to let out the water, when it began to grow stale; and two servants could

Korean cistern: 저수지, 물 탱크, 저장기, 수조, 물이 괸곳, 저수탱크. cock: 수탉, 두목, 공이치기, 실없는 짓, 멧도요, 마개, 수컷, 위로 휨, 바늘, 음 경, 풍향기. first-rate: 굉장히, 막상, 제 일 급의, 제 일 류의, 굉장한. joiner: 소목장이, 결합자, 즐겨 여러 단체에 드는 사람, 많은 단체에 가입 하는 사람, 많은 단체에 것을 좋아하 는 사람, 많은 회에 가입하는 것을 좋

아하는 사람, 많은 회에 가입하는 사 람. malefactor: 악인, 범인. mariner: 선원, 금성 탐사용의 우주선, 수부, 화성. oar: 노, 노젓다, 노젓는 사람, 젓다, 노 와 같은 구실을 하는 것, 노젓는 배, 노를 쓰다, 노를 젓다, 배를 노로 젓다 . scaffold: 비계, 교수대, 관객석, 단두대 , 발판을 설치하다, 발판 재료, 골격,

비계를 설치하다, 조림된 무대, 발판, 조림된 스탠드. stale: 김빠진, 피곤한, 굳어진, 시시한, 신선치 않은, 케케묵은, 생기가 없는, 탁한, 신선하지 않은, 신선미가 없는, 맛이 없어지게 하다. trough: 기압골, 구유, 반죽 그릇, 여물 통, 골, 물통, 홈통, 각광기, 물마루 사 이의 골. wherry: 나룻배, 폭넓은 돛배, 경주용 보트, 큰 하천용 너벅선, 일인승 스컬.

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easily fill it in half an hour. Here I often used to row for my own diversion, as well as that of the queen and her ladies, who thought themselves well entertained with my skill and agility. Sometimes I would put up my sail, and then my business was only to steer, while the ladies gave me a gale with their fans; and, when they were weary, some of their pages would blow my sail forward with their breath, while I showed my art by steering starboard or larboard as I pleased. When I had done, Glumdalclitch always carried back my boat into her closet, and hung it on a nail to dry.% In this exercise I once met an accident, which had like to have cost me my life; for, one of the pages having put my boat into the trough, the governess who attended Glumdalclitch very officiously lifted me up, to place me in the boat: but I happened to slip through her fingers, and should infallibly have fallen down forty feet upon the floor, if, by the luckiest chance in the world, I had not been stopped by a corking-pin that stuck in the good gentlewoman’s stomacher; the head of the pin passing between my shirt and the waistband of my breeches, and thus I was held by the middle in the air, till Glumdalclitch ran to my relief. Another time, one of the servants, whose office it was to fill my trough every third day with fresh water, was so careless as to let a huge frog (not perceiving it) slip out of his pail. The frog lay concealed till I was put into my boat, but then, seeing a resting-place, climbed up, and made it lean so much on one side, that I was forced to balance it with all my weight on the other, to prevent overturning. When the frog was got in, it hopped at once half the length of the boat, and then over my head, backward and forward, daubing my face and clothes with its odious slime. The largeness of its features made it appear the most deformed animal that can be conceived. However, I desired Glumdalclitch to let me deal with it alone. I banged it a good while with one of my sculls, and at last forced it to leap out of the boat. But the greatest danger I ever underwent in that kingdom, was from a monkey, who belonged to one of the clerks of the kitchen. Glumdalclitch had locked me up in her closet, while she went somewhere upon business, or a visit. The weather being very warm, the closet-window was left open, as well as the

Korean careless: 경솔한, 부주의한, 무관심한, 괘념치 않는, 되는대로의, 마음 편한, 마음편한, 무심한, 정신차리지 않는, 조심성없는, 태평스러운. frog: 개구리, 늑골모양의 장식, 늑골모 양의장식, 말굽중앙의 연한 부분, 말 굽중앙의연한부분, 일달러 지폐, 프랑 스인, 칼꽂이, 철차, 장식 단추, 쉰 목 소리. huge: 거대한, 광대한, 광대하다. larboard: 좌현.

monkey: 원숭이, 장난꾸러기, 놀려대 다, 흉내를 내는 아이, 놀려대다-흉내 내다, 마약 중독, 흉내내다, 젊은 것낭난치다, 낭난치다, 항타기의 낙하 해머, 장난치다. officiously: 간섭적으로, 비공식적으로 , 호의적으로. pail: 양동이, 들통, 한 통의 양. resting-place: 무덤, 휴식소, 층계참, 휴게소. slime: 찰흙을 칠하다, 찰흙, 점액, 끈

적끈적한 것, 찐득찐득한 것, 진흙투 성이가 되다, 점액으로 뒤덮다, 언짢 은 것, 악의 세계, 미꾸라지처럼 미끈 미끈 빠져 나가다, 더러운 것. steer: 키를 잡다, 조언, 향하다, 나아가 다, 어린수소, 충고, 조종하다, 인도하 다, 에 관계하지 않다, 식육용의 불깐 소, 돌리다. stomacher: 여성용 삼각형의 가슴장식 . waistband: 허리띠.

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windows %and the door of my bigger box, in which I usually lived, because of its largeness and conveniency. As I sat quietly meditating at my table, I heard something bounce in at the closet-window, and skip about from one side to the other: whereat, although I was much alarmed, yet I ventured to look out, but not stirring from my seat; and then I saw this frolicsome animal frisking and leaping up and down, till at last he came to my box, which he seemed to view with great pleasure and curiosity, peeping in at the door and every window. I retreated to the farther corner of my room; or box; but the monkey looking in at every side, put me in such a fright, that I wanted presence of mind to conceal myself under the bed, as I might easily have done. After some time spent in peeping, grinning, and chattering, he at last espied me; and reaching one of his paws in at the door, as a cat does when she plays with a mouse, although I often shifted place to avoid him, he at length seized the lappet of my coat (which being made of that country silk, was very thick and strong), and dragged me out. He took me up in his right fore-foot and held me as a nurse does a child she is going to suckle, just as I have seen the same sort of creature do with a kitten in Europe; and when I offered to struggle he squeezed me so hard, that I thought it more prudent to submit. I have good reason to believe, that he took me for a young one of his own species, by his often stroking my face very gently with his other paw. In these diversions he was interrupted by a noise at the closet door, as if somebody were opening it: whereupon he suddenly leaped up to the window at which he had come in, and thence upon the leads and gutters, walking upon three legs, and holding me in the fourth, till he clambered up to a roof that was next to ours. I heard Glumdalclitch give a shriek at the moment he was carrying me out. The poor girl was almost distracted: that quarter of the palace was all in an uproar; the servants ran for ladders; the monkey was seen by hundreds in the court, sitting upon the ridge of a building, holding me like a baby in one of his forepaws, and feeding me with the other, by cramming into my mouth some victuals he had squeezed out of the bag on one side of his chaps, and patting me when I would not eat; whereat many of the rabble below could not forbear laughing; neither do I think they justly ought to be blamed, for, without question, the sight was ridiculous enough to every body but myself. Some of the people

Korean bounce: 되튐, 튀다, 뛰어오르다, 해고 하다, 튀어돌아오게하다, 툭 튀어, 불 쑥, 크게 꾸짖다, 통신 위성으로 중계 하다, 튀게 하다, 내쫓다. chaps: 카우보이의 가죽바지. cramming: 벼락공부, 잔뜩 처넣음, 주 입식 공부, 주입. distracted: 광란의, 어수선한, 빗나간. frisking: 몸수색. interrupted: 중단된, 가로막힌, 단속적 인, 중절된.

kitten: 말괄량이, 잔뜩 화내다, 고양이 새끼, 새끼 고양이, 새끼고양이, 낳다, 고양이가 새끼를 낳다. leads: 지붕을 잇는데 쓰는 함석. paw: 손, 서투르게 다루다, 발로 치다, 발, 앞발로 치다, 앞발로 차다, 앞발로 땅을 차다, 앞발로 긁다, 말이 앞발로 땅을 긁다, 말 따위가 앞발로 치다, 말 따위가 앞발로 차다. shriek: 비명, 새된 소리를 지르다, 그 소리, 을 새된 목소리로 말하다.

skip: 빠뜨리다, 급히 떠나다, 거르다, 뛰어다니다, 가볍게 뛰다, 도약, 뛰놀 다, 뛰다, 건너뜀, 건너 뛰다, 스쳐가 다. stirring: 감동시키는, 붐비는, 활발한, 활약하는. submit: 복종시키다, 제출하다, 복종하 다, 공손히 아뢰다, 부탁하다. suckle: 키우다, 젖을 먹이다, 기르다, 젖을 먹다, 에게 젖을 먹이다. uproar: 소음, 큰소란, 소동, 소란.

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threw up stones, hoping to drive the monkey down; but this was strictly forbidden, or else, very probably, my brains had been dashed out.% The ladders were now applied, and mounted by several men; which the monkey observing, and finding himself almost encompassed, not being able to make speed enough with his three legs, let me drop on a ridge tile, and made his escape. Here I sat for some time, five hundred yards from the ground, expecting every moment to be blown down by the wind, or to fall by my own giddiness, and come tumbling over and over from the ridge to the eaves; but an honest lad, one of my nurse’s footmen, climbed up, and putting me into his breeches pocket, brought me down safe. I was almost choked with the filthy stuff the monkey had crammed down my throat: but my dear little nurse picked it out of my mouth with a small needle, and then I fell a-vomiting, which gave me great relief. Yet I was so weak and bruised in the sides with the squeezes given me by this odious animal, that I was forced to keep my bed a fortnight. The king, queen, and all the court, sent every day to inquire after my health; and her majesty made me several visits during my sickness. The monkey was killed, and an order made, that no such animal should be kept about the palace. When I attended the king after my recovery, to return him thanks for his favours, he was pleased to rally me a good deal upon this adventure. He asked me, “what my thoughts and speculations were, while I lay in the monkey’s paw; how I liked the victuals he gave me; his manner of feeding; and whether the fresh air on the roof had sharpened my stomach.” He desired to know, “what I would have done upon such an occasion in my own country.” I told his majesty, “that in Europe we had no monkeys, except such as were brought for curiosity from other places, and so small, that I could deal with a dozen of them together, if they presumed to attack me. And as for that monstrous animal with whom I was so lately engaged (it was indeed as large as an elephant), if my fears had suffered me to think so far as to make use of my hanger,” (looking fiercely, and clapping my hand on the hilt, as I spoke) “when he poked his paw into my chamber, perhaps I should have given him such a wound, as would have made

Korean adventure: 모험, 흔치않은 체험, 흔치 안은 체험, 재미있는, 희한한 사건, 투 기, 위험을 무릅쓰다, 위험에 빠뜨리 다, 모험심, 모험담, 감행하다. blown: 핀, 숨을 헐떡이는, 파리가 알 을 슨, 부푼, 불어서 만든. chamber: 약실, 방, 소실, 침실, 변호사 사무실, 의원, 의회, 회의장, 회의실, 회의소, 회관. choked: 메인, 숨막히는, 진저리난, 막 힌.

fiercely: 맹렬하게, 지독하게, 사납게. filthy: 더러운, 추잡한, 음탕한, 불결한 , 많이 있는, 지독한. giddiness: 현기증, 경솔, 어지러움. lad: 젊은이, 소년, 남자, 녀석, 일반적 으로 남자. palace: 궁전, 큰 저택, 측근의, 궁전의, 훌륭한 저택, 궁정의 유력자들. rally: 회복하다, 대회, 규합하다, 회복, 시위 운동, 재집합, 집중하다, 재거, 놀리다, 고무하다, 조롱하다.

sickness: 병, 역겨움, 구역질, 메스꺼 움, 앓음. strictly: 엄한, 절대적인, 정확한, 엄격 하게. tile: 기와, 기와를 이다, 타일, 하수 토 관, 타일을 붙이다, 실크해트, 패, 비 밀 지킬 것을 맹세케 하다, 토관, 모자 . wound: 해치다, 상처를 입히다, 부상, 고통, 손해, 사랑의 상처, 상처, 상처 내다, 부상하게 하다, 손상.

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him glad to withdraw it with more haste than he put it in.” This I delivered in a firm tone, like a person who was jealous lest his courage should be called in question. However, my speech produced nothing else beside a laud laughter, which all the respect due to his majesty from those about him could not make them contain. This made me reflect, how vain an attempt it is for a man to endeavour to do himself honour among those who are out of all degree of equality or comparison with him. And yet I have seen the moral of my own behaviour very frequent in England since my return; where a little contemptible varlet, without the least title to birth, person, wit, or common sense, shall presume to look with importance, and put himself upon a foot with the greatest persons of the kingdom.% I was every day furnishing the court with some ridiculous story: and Glumdalclitch, although she loved me to excess, yet was arch enough to inform the queen, whenever I committed any folly that she thought would be diverting to her majesty. The girl, who had been out of order, was carried by her governess to take the air about an hour’s distance, or thirty miles from town. They alighted out of the coach near a small foot-path in a field, and Glumdalclitch setting down my travelling box, I went out of it to walk. There was a cow-dung in the path, and I must need try my activity by attempting to leap over it. I took a run, but unfortunately jumped short, and found myself just in the middle up to my knees. I waded through with some difficulty, and one of the footmen wiped me as clean as he could with his handkerchief, for I was filthily bemired; and my nurse confined me to my box, till we returned home; where the queen was soon informed of what had passed, and the footmen spread it about the court: so that all the mirth for some days was at my expense.

Korean delivered: 인도의. endeavour: -하려고 노력하다, 애쓰다 , 애쓰다 노력하다, 노력, 노력하다, 시도하다, 하려고 노력하다. equality: 평등, 대등, 동등, 같음. excess: 부절제, 초과, 지나침, 과다, 폭 음폭식, 과도, 과잉, 난폭, 초과량, 휴 직시키다, 제한 외의. filthily: 불결하게, 더럽게, 음탕하게. furnishing: 복식품, 비치된 가구, 가구 의 설비, 가구.

informed: 지식이 있는, 지식의 필요한 , 소식통의, 견문이 넓은, 사정에 밝은 , 학식이 있는. jealous: 불신앙을 용서치 않는, 샘내는 , 질투많은, 경계심이 강한, 다른 신을 섬기는 것을 허락지 않는, 지키는데 급급한, 질투심 많은. laud: 찬가, 첫기도, 칭송하다, 찬미, 칭 찬하다. laughter: 웃음, 웃음소리. leap: 뛰기, 도약하다, 뛰다, 약동하다,

그 거리, 뛰어 넘다, 일사천리로, 껑충 뛰다, 뛰어넘다, 뛰게 하다. passed: 합격한, 지나가 버린. ridiculous: 웃기는, 우스운, 터무니 없 이, 터무니 없는, 어리석은, 우스꽝스 러운. varlet: 악한, 종복, 시동, 종자. withdraw: 회수하다, 취소하다, 움츠 리다, 움츠러들다, 물러나다, 철수하 다, 철회하다, 물러서다, 탈퇴하다, 취 하하다, 사용을 끊다.

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[Several contrivances of the author to please the king and queen. He shows his skill in music. The king inquires into the state of England, which the author relates to him. The king’s observations thereon.]

I used to attend the king’s levee once or twice a week, and had often seen him under the barber’s hand, which indeed was at first very terrible to behold; for the razor was almost twice as long as an ordinary scythe. His majesty, according to the custom of the country, was only shaved twice a-week. I once prevailed on the barber to give me some of the suds or lather, out of which I picked forty or fifty of the strongest stumps of hair. I then took a piece of fine wood, and cut it like the back of a comb, making several holes in it at equal distances with as small a needle as I could get from Glumdalclitch. I fixed in the stumps so artificially, scraping and sloping them with my knife toward the points, that I made a very tolerable comb; which was a seasonable supply, my own being so much broken in the teeth, that it was almost useless: neither did I know any artist in that country so nice and exact, as would undertake to make me another. And this puts me in mind of an amusement, wherein I spent many of my leisure hours. I desired the queen’s woman to save for me the combings of her majesty’s hair, whereof in time I got a good quantity; and consulting with my

Korean amusement: 즐거움, 위안, 오락, 재미 로 하는 것, 재미. artificially: 인위적으로, 부자연하게, 인공적으로, 부자연스럽게. barber: 이발사, 이발하다, 수염을 깍 다, 이발업을 하다, 수염을 깎다. combings: 빠진 털. lather: 비누거품, 땀투성이가 되다, 외 만드는 사람, 후려갈기다, 에 비누 거 품을 칠하다, 비누가 거품이 일다, 거 품이 일다, 비누 거품.

levee: 제방, 둑, 부두, 집견회, 아침 알 현, 접견, 선창, 강의 제방, 충적제. scraping: 부스러기, 문지르기, 긁어 모 은것, 긁어 모은 것, 깍기, 깍은 부스 러기, 깍음, 거리의 무뢰한, 긁기, 먼 지, 할큄. seasonable: 때에 알맞는, 순조로운, 계절에 맞는, 계절의, 때를 만난. shaved: 불필요한 부품, 액세서리를 떼 낸. sloping: 경사진, 비스듬한, 비탈진.

suds: 비눗물, 거품. toward: 에 대하여, 을 위하여, 가까이, 온순한, 으로의, 의 쪽으로, 무렵, 쪽 으로, 바야흐로 일어나려는, 에 가까 이, 전도 유망한. undertake: 약속하다, 떠맡다, 보증하 다, 인수인, 인수하다, 기도하다, 청부 인, 장의사, 맡다, 싸우다, 장례식을 떠맡다. useless: 쓸모없는, 무익한, 속절없는, 편치 않은.

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friend the cabinet-maker, who had received general orders to do little jobs for me, I directed him to make two chair-frames, no larger than those I had in my box, and to bore little holes with a fine awl, round those parts where I designed the backs and seats; through these holes I wove the strongest hairs I could pick out, just after the manner of cane chairs in England. When they were finished, I made a present of them to her majesty; who kept them in her cabinet, and used to show them for curiosities, as indeed they were the wonder of every one that beheld them. The queen would have me sit upon one of these chairs, but I absolutely refused to obey her, protesting I would rather die than place a dishonourable part of my body on those precious hairs, that once adorned her majesty’s head. Of these hairs (as I had always a mechanical genius) I likewise made a neat little purse, about five feet long, with her majesty’s name deciphered in gold letters, which I gave to Glumdalclitch, by the queen’s consent. To say the truth, it was more for show than use, being not of strength to bear the weight of the larger coins, and therefore she kept nothing in it but some little toys that girls are fond of.% The king, who delighted in music, had frequent concerts at court, to which I was sometimes carried, and set in my box on a table to hear them: but the noise was so great that I could hardly distinguish the tunes. I am confident that all the drums and trumpets of a royal army, beating and sounding together just at your ears, could not equal it. My practice was to have my box removed from the place where the performers sat, as far as I could, then to shut the doors and windows of it, and draw the window curtains; after which I found their music not disagreeable. I had learned in my youth to play a little upon the spinet. Glumdalclitch kept one in her chamber, and a master attended twice a-week to teach her: I called it a spinet, because it somewhat resembled that instrument, and was played upon in the same manner. A fancy came into my head, that I would entertain the king and queen with an English tune upon this instrument. But this appeared extremely difficult: for the spinet was near sixty feet long, each key being almost a foot wide, so that with my arms extended I could not reach to above five keys,

Korean awl: 송곳. beating: 고동, 때림, 날개치기, 타파, 매질, 박정한 대우, 구타, 맥박, 패배, 채찍질의 처벌, 지게 하기. bore: 구멍, 구멍을 뚫다, 싫증나게하 다, 송곳구멍, 밀물, 총구멍, 해일, 뚫 다, 구멍을 내다, 구멍이 나다, 따분한 것. dishonourable: 불명예스러운, 비열한 , 수치스러운, 도리에 어긋난, 도의에 어긋난.

fancy: 변덕, 공상하다, 취미, 공상, 애 잴 수 있는곳, 거창하게 들리는, 소리 호가들, 좋아하다, 도락, 터무니 없는, 를 내는, 울려 퍼지는, 측심, 조사, 측 공상력, 공상의, 애호물로 색다른 동 연이 미치는 측정 범위, 수심 측량, 소 물 등을 기르다. 리나는. neat: 적절한, 산뜻한, 축우, 단정한, 소 spinet: 하프시코드 비슷한 옛 악기, 소 종류, 솜씨좋은, 굉장한, 말쑥한, 잘하 형 피아노, 소형업라이트 피아노, 소 는, 깔끔한, 조촐한. 형업라이트 전자 오르간, 스피넷. obey: 복종하다, 시키는대로 움직이다, tune: 협조, 상태, 조율하다, 곡조, 조화 명령대로 복종하다, 에 복종하다. 시키다, 노래하다, 곡, 조화, 장단이 protesting: 불복하는. 맞음, 음조를 맞추다, 갑자기 겸손해 sounding: 수심, 과장된, 측연선으로 지다.

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and to press them down required a good smart stroke with my fist, which would be too great a labour, and to no purpose. The method I contrived was this: I prepared two round sticks, about the bigness of common cudgels; they were thicker at one end than the other, and I covered the thicker ends with pieces of a mouse’s skin, that by rapping on them I might neither damage the tops of the keys nor interrupt the sound. Before the spinet a bench was placed, about four feet below the keys, and I was put upon the bench. I ran sideling upon it, that way and this, as fast as I could, banging the proper keys with my two sticks, and made a shift to play a jig, to the great satisfaction of both their majesties; but it was the most violent exercise I ever underwent; and yet I could not strike above sixteen keys, nor consequently play the bass and treble together, as other artists do; which was a great disadvantage to my performance.% The king, who, as I before observed, was a prince of excellent understanding, would frequently order that I should be brought in my box, and set upon the table in his closet: he would then command me to bring one of my chairs out of the box, and sit down within three yards distance upon the top of the cabinet, which brought me almost to a level with his face. In this manner I had several conversations with him. I one day took the freedom to tell his majesty, “that the contempt he discovered towards Europe, and the rest of the world, did not seem answerable to those excellent qualities of mind that he was master of; that reason did not extend itself with the bulk of the body; on the contrary, we observed in our country, that the tallest persons were usually the least provided with it; that among other animals, bees and ants had the reputation of more industry, art, and sagacity, than many of the larger kinds; and that, as inconsiderable as he took me to be, I hoped I might live to do his majesty some signal service.” The king heard me with attention, and began to conceive a much better opinion of me than he had ever before. He desired “I would give him as exact an account of the government of England as I possibly could; because, as fond as princes commonly are of their own customs (for so he conjectured of other monarchs, by my former discourses), he should be glad to hear of any thing that might deserve imitation.”

Korean banging: 탁치기. bass: 베이스, 저음악기-저음의, 베이 스 가수, 농어의 일종, 인피로 만든 제 품, 저음의, 참피나무, 참피나무의 재 목, 바스, 남성 저음역. bench: 판사석, 벤치, 지위에 앉히다, 퇴장시키다, 진열대, 착석시키다, 온 실 안의 묘상에 심다, 계단, 밑으로부 터 파다, 작업대, 묘상. bulk: 크기, 대부분, 부풀다, 적하, 쌓 아올리다, 더미, 부피, 부피가 큰, 선

창, 의 부피가 커지게 하다, 거대한 것 워하다, 비통, 빈틈없는, 아픔, 약삭빠 . 른, 똑똑한, 욱시욱신 아프다, 욱신욱 consequently: 따라서, 필연적으로, 그 신 쑤시는. 러므로, 그 결과로서. stroke: 한바탕 일하기, 치는 소리, 고 jig: 낚싯봉 달린 낚시, 상하로 움직이 동, 쓰다듬다, 맥박, 어루만지다, 한 다, 광석을 선광 체로 체질하다, 급격 칼, 한 번 움직임, 한 번 손발 놀리기, 하게 상하로 움직이다, 급격히 상하로 한 번 새김, 침. 움직이게 하다, 지그, 지그 춤을 추다. treble: 새된, 소프라노, 세 겹, 최고음 sagacity: 현명, 총명. 부, 같은 말에 의한 세레이스 우승, 세 sideling: 비스듬히, 비스듬한. 곱하다, 삼배의, 삼배, 높은, 고음부의 smart: 스마트한, 날카로운, 고통, 괴로 악기, 고음부의 목소리.

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Imagine with thyself, courteous reader, how often I then wished for the tongue of Demosthenes or Cicero, that might have enabled me to celebrate the praise of my own dear native country in a style equal to its merits and felicity.% I began my discourse by informing his majesty, that our dominions consisted of two islands, which composed three mighty kingdoms, under one sovereign, beside our plantations in America. I dwelt long upon the fertility of our soil, and the temperature of our climate. I then spoke at large upon the constitution of an English parliament; partly made up of an illustrious body called the House of Peers; persons of the noblest blood, and of the most ancient and ample patrimonies. I described that extraordinary care always taken of their education in arts and arms, to qualify them for being counsellors both to the king and kingdom; to have a share in the legislature; to be members of the highest court of judicature, whence there can be no appeal; and to be champions always ready for the defence of their prince and country, by their valour, conduct, and fidelity. That these were the ornament and bulwark of the kingdom, worthy followers of their most renowned ancestors, whose honour had been the reward of their virtue, from which their posterity were never once known to degenerate. To these were joined several holy persons, as part of that assembly, under the title of bishops, whose peculiar business is to take care of religion, and of those who instruct the people therein. These were searched and sought out through the whole nation, by the prince and his wisest counsellors, among such of the priesthood as were most deservedly distinguished by the sanctity of their lives, and the depth of their erudition; who were indeed the spiritual fathers of the clergy and the people. That the other part of the parliament consisted of an assembly called the House of Commons, who were all principal gentlemen, freely picked and culled out by the people themselves, for their great abilities and love of their country, to represent the wisdom of the whole nation. And that these two bodies made up the most august assembly in Europe; to whom, in conjunction with the prince, the whole legislature is committed.

Korean ample: 넓은, 충분한, 광대한, 풍부한. bulwark: 누벽, 방어하다, 방파제, 뱃 전, 성채. celebrate: 찬양하다, 거행하다, 기념일 을 축하하다, 세상에 알리다, 축제 기 분에 젖다, 축하하다, 찬미하다, 축하, 칭찬, 유명한, 식을 올려 기념하다. clergy: 성직자들, 목사, 성직자. composed: 침착한, 으로 구성되어, 차 분한. courteous: 예의바른, 정중한, 친절한.

deservedly: 당연히. erudition: 박식, 해박, 박학. fertility: 비옥, 다산, 풍요, 출생률, 산 출력, 수정률, 수정 능력. fidelity: 충실도, 충실, 엄수, 정확함, 성실, 원 물건과 꼭같음, 정절. holy: 신성한, 거룩한, 성인 같은. informing: 유익한, 교육적인. legislature: 입법부. praise: 칭찬, 찬미, 칭찬하다, 숭배하 다, 칭찬할 만한 사람, 칭찬할 만한 물

건, 신을 숭배하다, 찬미하다, 찬양하 다, 찬양, 신을 찬미하다. priesthood: 성직, 성직자, 사제직. sanctity: 신성, 신성한 의무, 신성한 감 정 따위, 청정. sovereign: 주권자, 최고의, 최상의, 주 권이 있는, 자주의, 군주, 독립의, 독 립국, 영국의 옛날의 일파운드 금화, 영국의 옛 1 파운드 금화, 특효가 있는 . thyself: 너 자신, 그대 자신.

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I then descended to the courts of justice; over which the judges, those venerable sages and interpreters of the law, presided, for determining the disputed rights and properties of men, as well as for the punishment of vice and protection of innocence. I mentioned the prudent management of our treasury; the valour and achievements of our forces, by sea and land. I computed the number of our people, by reckoning how many millions there might be of each religious sect, or political party among us. I did not omit even our sports and pastimes, or any other particular which I thought might redound to the honour of my country. And I finished all with a brief historical account of affairs and events in England for about a hundred years past.% This conversation was not ended under five audiences, each of several hours; and the king heard the whole with great attention, frequently taking notes of what I spoke, as well as memorandums of what questions he intended to ask me. When I had put an end to these long discources, his majesty, in a sixth audience, consulting his notes, proposed many doubts, queries, and objections, upon every article. He asked, “What methods were used to cultivate the minds and bodies of our young nobility, and in what kind of business they commonly spent the first and teachable parts of their lives? What course was taken to supply that assembly, when any noble family became extinct? What qualifications were necessary in those who are to be created new lords: whether the humour of the prince, a sum of money to a court lady, or a design of strengthening a party opposite to the public interest, ever happened to be the motive in those advancements? What share of knowledge these lords had in the laws of their country, and how they came by it, so as to enable them to decide the properties of their fellow-subjects in the last resort? Whether they were always so free from avarice, partialities, or want, that a bribe, or some other sinister view, could have no place among them? Whether those holy lords I spoke of were always promoted to that rank upon account of their knowledge in religious matters, and the sanctity of their lives; had never been compliers with the times, while they were common priests; or slavish prostitute chaplains to some

Korean avarice: 탐욕. bribe: 뇌물, 증회하다, 뇌물로 매수하 다. extinct: 꺼진, 끊어진, 사멸한, 폐지된, 단절된. motive: 운동을 일으키는, 동기, 동기 가 되는, 동기가 되는-동기, 동인, 예 술 작품의 주제, 동기의, 문학의 주제, 기동의, 일반적으로 주지, 주제. prostitute: 매춘부, 돈의 노예, 매음시 키다, 근전에 좌우되는, 악용하다, 매

춘하다, 팔다, 약용하다, 암캐, 매춘의 , 이익을 위해서 팔다. qualifications: 자격. redound: 되돌아오다, 이다, 이바지하 다, 응보, -에 기여하다, 미치다, 늘리 다, 높이다, 돌아가다, 결과가 미침, 불명예 따위를 초래하다. sect: 당파, 교파, 종파, 분파. sinister: 불길한, 왼쪽의, 사악한, 불행 한, 방패의 왼쪽의, 부정직한, 음험한, 악의가 있는.

slavish: 독창성이 없는, 천한, 노예적 인, 비열한, 노예 근성의, 노예의. strengthening: 보강하는, 강하게 하는 것. teachable: 가르치기 쉬운, 온순한, 가 르침을 받을만한, 잘 알아 듣는, 학습 력이 있는, 가르칠 수 있는, 가르침을 받을 만한. venerable: 부주교님, 존경할 만한, 가 경자, 나이 먹어 존엄한, 오래되어 숭 엄한, 오래된.

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nobleman, whose opinions they continued servilely to follow, after they were admitted into that assembly?” He then desired to know, “What arts were practised in electing those whom I called commoners: whether a stranger, with a strong purse, might not influence the vulgar voters to choose him before their own landlord, or the most considerable gentleman in the neighbourhood? How it came to pass, that people were so violently bent upon getting into this assembly, which I allowed to be a great trouble and expense, often to the ruin of their families, without any salary or pension? because this appeared such an exalted strain of virtue and public spirit, that his majesty seemed to doubt it might possibly not be always sincere.” And he desired to know, “Whether such zealous gentlemen could have any views of refunding themselves for the charges and trouble they were at by sacrificing the public good to the designs of a weak and vicious prince, in conjunction with a corrupted ministry?” He multiplied his questions, and sifted me thoroughly upon every part of this head, proposing numberless inquiries and objections, which I think it not prudent or convenient to repeat.% Upon what I said in relation to our courts of justice, his majesty desired to be satisfied in several points: and this I was the better able to do, having been formerly almost ruined by a long suit in chancery, which was decreed for me with costs. He asked, “What time was usually spent in determining between right and wrong, and what degree of expense? Whether advocates and orators had liberty to plead in causes manifestly known to be unjust, vexatious, or oppressive? Whether party, in religion or politics, were observed to be of any weight in the scale of justice? Whether those pleading orators were persons educated in the general knowledge of equity, or only in provincial, national, and other local customs? Whether they or their judges had any part in penning those laws, which they assumed the liberty of interpreting, and glossing upon at their pleasure? Whether they had ever, at different times, pleaded for and against the same cause, and cited precedents to prove contrary opinions? Whether they were a rich or a poor corporation? Whether they received any pecuniary reward for

Korean chancery: 대법관청, 형평법 재판소, 공문서 보관소, 기록소, 대사관의 사 무국, 대법관청 재판소, 영사관의 사 무국. exalted: 고귀한, 지위가 높은, 고상한, 숭고한, 기뻐 날뛰는, 고양된, 의기양 양한. manifestly: 명백히, 분명히. nobleman: 귀족, 귀족 출신의 사람. numberless: 무수한, 셀수 없이 많은, 셀 수 없이 많은, 번호없는, 번호 없는

, 셀 수 만큼 많은. oppressive: 압제적인, 가혹한, 답답한, 압박하는. pecuniary: 금전의, 금전상의. plead: 답변하다, 탄원하다, 변호하다, 주장하다, 변명으로 말하다, 변명으로 말하다-변호하다, 변론하다, 간청하 다, 변명하다. pleading: 변명, 변론, 변호, 탄원, 탄원 하는. ruin: 파멸, 폐허, 손해, 파산, 몰락, 파

멸시키다, 피해, 잔해, 파괴하다, 영락 , 몰락한 사람. ruined: 몰락한, 파멸한, 황폐한, 해를 입은, 타락한, 멸망한, 파산한. vicious: 지독한, 악의 있는, 부도덕한, 타락한, 악습이 있는, 부정확한, 버릇 나쁜, 결함이 있는, 사악한, 심한, 버 릇이 고약한. violently: 맹렬하게, 격렬히, 세차게, 심하게, 난폭하게, 폭력적으로. zealous: 열광적인, 열심인.

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pleading, or delivering their opinions? And particularly, whether they were ever admitted as members in the lower senate?”% He fell next upon the management of our treasury; and said, “he thought my memory had failed me, because I computed our taxes at about five or six millions a-year, and when I came to mention the issues, he found they sometimes amounted to more than double; for the notes he had taken were very particular in this point, because he hoped, as he told me, that the knowledge of our conduct might be useful to him, and he could not be deceived in his calculations. But, if what I told him were true, he was still at a loss how a kingdom could run out of its estate, like a private person.” He asked me, “who were our creditors; and where we found money to pay them?” He wondered to hear me talk of such chargeable and expensive wars; “that certainly we must be a quarrelsome people, or live among very bad neighbours, and that our generals must needs be richer than our kings.” He asked, what business we had out of our own islands, unless upon the score of trade, or treaty, or to defend the coasts with our fleet?” Above all, he was amazed to hear me talk of a mercenary standing army, in the midst of peace, and among a free people. He said, “if we were governed by our own consent, in the persons of our representatives, he could not imagine of whom we were afraid, or against whom we were to fight; and would hear my opinion, whether a private man’s house might not be better defended by himself, his children, and family, than by half-a-dozen rascals, picked up at a venture in the streets for small wages, who might get a hundred times more by cutting their throats?” He laughed at my “odd kind of arithmetic,” as he was pleased to call it, “in reckoning the numbers of our people, by a computation drawn from the several sects among us, in religion and politics.” He said, “he knew no reason why those, who entertain opinions prejudicial to the public, should be obliged to change, or should not be obliged to conceal them. And as it was tyranny in any government to require the first, so it was weakness not to enforce the second: for a man may be allowed to keep poisons in his closet, but not to vend them about for cordials.”

Korean chargeable: 보호를 받아야 할, 에게 돌 려져야 할, 외상으로 살 수 있는, 에게 지워져야할, 부과되어야할, 고소되어 야할, 후불할 수 있는, 부과 되어야할, 에게 지워져야 할. cutting: 예리한, 신랄한, 절단, 싸게 파 는, 자른 가지, 필름 편집, 통렬한, 살 을 에는 듯한, 날카로운, 깎고 가는 가 공, 오려낸 것. defend: 변호하다, 지키다, 방위하다, 방어하다, 답변하다, 항변하다, 옹호

하다. enforce: 실시하다, 강요하다, 억지로 시키다, 강력히 주장하다, 시행하다. mercenary: 고용된, 돈을 목적으로 일 하는, 돈만 바라는, 외국 군대에 고용 된, 용병. prejudicial: 편견을 품게 하는, 손해를 주는, 불리한, 편견을 갖게 하는. quarrelsome: 싸움 좋아하는, 싸움을 좋아하는. treasury: 자금, 국고, 보고, 재무성, 보

물, 기금, 보전, 산 사전, 보물광, 국고 금고, 사화집. tyranny: 포학한 행위, 전제 정치, 포학 , 폭정, 참주정치, 학대, 참주 정치, 무 도한 행위. vend: 행상하다, 말하다, 팔다, 매각하 다, 팔고 다니다. wages: 임금, 죄값. weakness: 우둔, 불충분, 결점, 약함, 우유부단, 약점, 저능, 유약, 박약, 마 음이 약함, 나약.

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He observed, “that among the diversions of our nobility and gentry, I had mentioned gaming: he desired to know at what age this entertainment was usually taken up, and when it was laid down; how much of their time it employed; whether it ever went so high as to affect their fortunes; whether mean, vicious people, by their dexterity in that art, might not arrive at great riches, and sometimes keep our very nobles in dependence, as well as habituate them to vile companions, wholly take them from the improvement of their minds, and force them, by the losses they received, to learn and practise that infamous dexterity upon others?”% He was perfectly astonished with the historical account gave him of our affairs during the last century; protesting “it was only a heap of conspiracies, rebellions, murders, massacres, revolutions, banishments, the very worst effects that avarice, faction, hypocrisy, perfidiousness, cruelty, rage, madness, hatred, envy, lust, malice, and ambition, could produce.” His majesty, in another audience, was at the pains to recapitulate the sum of all I had spoken; compared the questions he made with the answers I had given; then taking me into his hands, and stroking me gently, delivered himself in these words, which I shall never forget, nor the manner he spoke them in: “My little friend Grildrig, you have made a most admirable panegyric upon your country; you have clearly proved, that ignorance, idleness, and vice, are the proper ingredients for qualifying a legislator; that laws are best explained, interpreted, and applied, by those whose interest and abilities lie in perverting, confounding, and eluding them. I observe among you some lines of an institution, which, in its original, might have been tolerable, but these half erased, and the rest wholly blurred and blotted by corruptions. It does not appear, from all you have said, how any one perfection is required toward the procurement of any one station among you; much less, that men are ennobled on account of their virtue; that priests are advanced for their piety or learning; soldiers, for their conduct or valour; judges, for their integrity; senators, for the love of their country; or counsellors for their wisdom. As for yourself,” continued the king, “who have spent the greatest part of your life in travelling, I am well disposed to hope you

Korean admirable: 훌륭한, 좋다, 칭찬할 만한. cruelty: 잔학, 잔인한 행위, 끔찍함, 잔 혹, 학대, 잔인성, 무자비. erased: 문질러 지우는, 쉽게 지워지는, 죽이는, 지워 버리는. gaming: 내기, 도박, 노름. habituate: 익숙케하다, 익히다, 길들 이다. hypocrisy: 위선, 위선행위, 위선적 행 위. idleness: 무위, 게으름, 태만, 놀고지

냄. integrity: 완전, 고결, 성실, 정직, 흠없 음, 보전, 원상. legislator: 입법자, 법률제정자. lust: 육욕, 열망, 색정, 강한 욕망, 갈망 , 열망하다, 색욕을 일으키다, 갈망하 다. madness: 광기, 열광, 광희, 정신 착란. panegyric: 칭찬의 연설, 찬사, 격찬, 칭송하는 글, 칭송하는 연설, 칭찬의. procurement: 획득, 조달, 알선, 매상,

정부의 매상. qualifying: 한정하는, 자격을 주는, 제 한하는, 자격을 부여하는. recapitulate: 요약하다, 요점을 되풀이 하다, 반복하다, 요점을 되풀이 하다, 의 요점을 되풀이하다. riches: 부, 많음, 재물, 재보, 재산, 풍 부. vile: 지독한, 빈약한, 야비한, 부도덕 한, 대단히 나쁜, 하찮은, 변변찮은, 상스러운, 비열한, 몹시 나쁜, 비참한.

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may hitherto have escaped many vices of your country. But by what I have gathered from your own relation, and the answers I have with much pains wrung and extorted from you, I cannot but conclude the bulk of your natives to be the most pernicious race of little odious vermin that nature ever suffered to crawl upon the surface of the earth.”%

Korean answers: 응답. conclude: 체결하다, 끝내다, 말을 맺 다, 끝나다, 결론을 내리다, 마치다, 결론하다, 결말짓다, 결정하다, 마무 리하다, 추단하다. crawl: 기어가다, 들끓다, 서행하다, 근 질근질하다, 활어조, 살금살금 걸어다 니다, 댄스, 크롤 수영법, 우글거리다, 크롤로 헤엄치다, 포복. escaped: 도망한, 탈주한. hitherto: 지금까지는, 지금까지.

nature: 자연, 천성, 성질, 충동, 인간성 relation: 관계, 이야기, 관련, 고발, 설 , 대자연, 기질, 자연계, 체력, 자연물, 화, 교섭, 성교, 친척관계, 친척, 친족 본성. 관계, 진술. odious: 싫은, 밉살스러운, 증오해야 surface: 표면, 겉보기, 면, 판판하게 하 할, 추악한. 다, 표면을 붙이다, 외관, 포장하다, pains: 고생. 길바닥의, 부상시키다, 엷은 표지를 pernicious: 유해한, 치명적인, 파괴적 대다, 지상의. 인, 유독한. vermin: 사회의 해충, 해충, 건달, 깡패 race: 인종, 특징, 경주하다, 경주, 경쟁 , 해로운 짐승, 두더지 따위, 영국에서 , 운행, 질주하다, 자손, 품종, 여울, 는 엽조나 가금을 해치는 매, 여우, 올 헛돌다. 빼미, 해수.

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CHAPTER

%VII

[The author’s love of his country. He makes a proposal of much advantage to the king, which is rejected. The king’s great ignorance in politics. The learning of that country very imperfect and confined. The laws, and military affairs, and parties in the state.]

Nothing but an extreme love of truth could have hindered me from concealing this part of my story. It was in vain to discover my resentments, which were always turned into ridicule; and I was forced to rest with patience, while my noble and beloved country was so injuriously treated. I am as heartily sorry as any of my readers can possibly be, that such an occasion was given: but this prince happened to be so curious and inquisitive upon every particular, that it could not consist either with gratitude or good manners, to refuse giving him what satisfaction I was able. Yet thus much I may be allowed to say in my own vindication, that I artfully eluded many of his questions, and gave to every point a more favourable turn, by many degrees, than the strictness of truth would allow. For I have always borne that laudable partiality to my own country, which Dionysius Halicarnassensis, with so much justice, recommends to an historian: I would hide the frailties and deformities of my political mother, and place her virtues and beauties in the most advantageous light. This was my

Korean artfully: 교묘하게, 인위적으로. consist: 양립하다, 에 있다, 일치하다, 에 존재하다, 되어있다, 로되다, 일관 성, 이루어져 있다, 농도, 되어 있다, 견실성. curious: 이상한, 호기심이 강한, 진서 인, 면밀한, 묘한, 호기심을 끄는, 진 기한, 정성들인, 캐기 좋아하는, 외설 한, 알고 싶어하는. extreme: 극도의, 과격한, 극도, 극단, 맨끝의, 양극단, 극단적인 수단, 극단

의, 맨 끝에 있는 것, 최후의, 최후의. 극단. hide: 숨다, 피혁, 때리다, 짐승의 가죽, 숨기다, 심하게 매질하다, 짐승 가죽, 숨기기, 숨는 장소. historian: 역사가. injuriously: 부당한, 모욕적인, 해로운 . inquisitive: 캐묻기 좋아하는, 알고자 하는, 물어보고 싶어하는, 호기심이 강한, 호기심이 많은, 알고싶어하는.

laudable: 칭찬할 만한. partiality: 편파, 편애, 불공평, 기호, 부분적인 것, 부분적인 일, 좋아하기. refuse: 폐물, 거절하다, 쓰레기, 사퇴 하다, 폐물의, 인간 폐물, 퇴짜놓다, 지질한, 찌끼, 멈춰서다, 안 뛰어넘으 려 하다. ridicule: 비웃다, 비웃음, 조소, 조롱, 놀림, 조롱거리, 조소하다, 웃음거리. strictness: 엄격함, 엄밀함, 엄중함, 직 립성.

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sincere endeavour in those many discourses I had with that monarch, although it unfortunately failed of success.% But great allowances should be given to a king, who lives wholly secluded from the rest of the world, and must therefore be altogether unacquainted with the manners and customs that most prevail in other nations: the want of which knowledge will ever produce many prejudices, and a certain narrowness of thinking, from which we, and the politer countries of Europe, are wholly exempted. And it would be hard indeed, if so remote a prince’s notions of virtue and vice were to be offered as a standard for all mankind. To confirm what I have now said, and further to show the miserable effects of a confined education, I shall here insert a passage, which will hardly obtain belief. In hopes to ingratiate myself further into his majesty’s favour, I told him of “an invention, discovered between three and four hundred years ago, to make a certain powder, into a heap of which, the smallest spark of fire falling, would kindle the whole in a moment, although it were as big as a mountain, and make it all fly up in the air together, with a noise and agitation greater than thunder. That a proper quantity of this powder rammed into a hollow tube of brass or iron, according to its bigness, would drive a ball of iron or lead, with such violence and speed, as nothing was able to sustain its force. That the largest balls thus discharged, would not only destroy whole ranks of an army at once, but batter the strongest walls to the ground, sink down ships, with a thousand men in each, to the bottom of the sea, and when linked together by a chain, would cut through masts and rigging, divide hundreds of bodies in the middle, and lay all waste before them. That we often put this powder into large hollow balls of iron, and discharged them by an engine into some city we were besieging, which would rip up the pavements, tear the houses to pieces, burst and throw splinters on every side, dashing out the brains of all who came near. That I knew the ingredients very well, which were cheap and common; I understood the manner of compounding them, and could direct his workmen how to make those tubes, of a size proportionable to all other things in his majesty’s kingdom, and the largest need not be above a hundred feet long; twenty or thirty of which tubes,

Korean allowances: 참작. balls: 혼란케 하다, 혼란시키다, 엉망 으로 만들다. batter: 처부수다, 포격하다-반죽, 타자 , 연타하다, 타자-연타하다, 반죽, 완 만한 경사, 완만한 경사도, 세게 두드 리다, 쳐 부수다, 쳐서 쭈그러뜨리다. ingratiate: 의 비위를 맞추다, 환심을 사다, 마음에 들게 하다. insert: 삽입물, 끼워넣다, 삽입하다, 삽 입자막, 삽입광고, 삽입 페이지, 삽입

자막, 끼우다, 게재하다, 써넣다, 삽입 . invention: 발명의 재능, 발명, 발명품, 날조, 허구, 꾸며낸 이야기, 발명력, 발견성십자가 발견의 축일, 꾸며낸 일 , 창안문, 조작한것. miserable: 비참한, 불쌍한, 초라한, 딱 한, 빈약한, 천박한. narrowness: 세밀, 편협, 좁은, 궁핍, 협량, 협소, 면밀, 좁음, 궁굅. prevail: 이기다, 우세하다, 설복하다,

유행되다, 잘 되다, 설득하다. rigging: 삭구, 장비, 옷, 의장, 의복, 의 류. secluded: 세상에서 격리된, 은둔의, 은둔한, 틀어박힌, 격리된, 외딴. sustain: 버티다, 확인하다, 유지하다, 받다, 견디다, 부양하다, 승인하다, 지 지하다, 훌륭히 해내다, 입다, 계속하 다. unacquainted: 낯선, 생소한, 알지 못 하는.

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charged with the proper quantity of powder and balls, would batter down the walls of the strongest town in his dominions in a few hours, or destroy the whole metropolis, if ever it should pretend to dispute his absolute commands.” This I humbly offered to his majesty, as a small tribute of acknowledgment, in turn for so many marks that I had received, of his royal favour and protection.% The king was struck with horror at the description I had given of those terrible engines, and the proposal I had made. “He was amazed, how so impotent and grovelling an insect as I” (these were his expressions) “could entertain such inhuman ideas, and in so familiar a manner, as to appear wholly unmoved at all the scenes of blood and desolation which I had painted as the common effects of those destructive machines; whereof,” he said, “some evil genius, enemy to mankind, must have been the first contriver. As for himself, he protested, that although few things delighted him so much as new discoveries in art or in nature, yet he would rather lose half his kingdom, than be privy to such a secret; which he commanded me, as I valued any life, never to mention any more.” A strange effect of narrow principles and views! that a prince possessed of every quality which procures veneration, love, and esteem; of strong parts, great wisdom, and profound learning, endowed with admirable talents, and almost adored by his subjects, should, from a nice, unnecessary scruple, whereof in Europe we can have no conception, let slip an opportunity put into his hands that would have made him absolute master of the lives, the liberties, and the fortunes of his people! Neither do I say this, with the least intention to detract from the many virtues of that excellent king, whose character, I am sensible, will, on this account, be very much lessened in the opinion of an English reader: but I take this defect among them to have risen from their ignorance, by not having hitherto reduced politics into a science, as the more acute wits of Europe have done. For, I remember very well, in a discourse one day with the king, when I happened to say, “there were several thousand books among us written upon the art of government,” it gave him (directly contrary to my intention) a very mean opinion of our understandings. He professed both to abominate and despise all

Korean abominate: 몹시 싫어하다, 혐오하다, 싫어하다. acknowledgment: 감사, 사례, 수취증 명, 승인, 용인, 인사, 감사의 표시. contriver: 고안자, 계략자, 잘 꾸려 나 가는 사람, 연구자, 변통을 잘 하는 사 람. desolation: 쓸쓸함, 황폐, 황량, 서글 픔, 페허, 폐허, 서글품, 황폐케함. destructive: 파괴적인, 유해한, 파멸시 키는, 파괴주의적인, 해를 끼치는.

grovelling: 설설 기는, 넙죽 엎드리는, 굽실거리는. impotent: 무력한, 음위의, 허약한, 노 쇠한, 체력이 없는, 노쇠자, 뇌쇠한, 능력이 없는, 무력자, 성교 불능의, 성 교불능자. insect: 곤충, 벌레, 곤충인색한, 벌레같 은 놈, 비열한, 소인. privy: 옥외 변소, 비밀의, 내밀히 관여 하고 있는, 당사자, 몰래 관여하는, 일 개인의, 은밀히 관여하여 알고 있는,

에 은밀히 관여하여 알고 있는, 에 은 밀히 관여하는, 에 몰래 관여하여 알 고 있는, 에 몰래 관여하는. professed: 공언한, 자칭의, 가장한, 겉 꾸밈의, 공공연한, 서약하고 종교단에 든, 서약하고 수도회에 들어간, 겉보 기만의. risen: 일어난, 부활한, 오른. unmoved: 냉정한, 흔들리지않는, 확 고한, 확고 부동한. veneration: 존경, 숭배, 숭상.

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mystery, refinement, and intrigue, either in a prince or a minister. He could not tell what I meant by secrets of state, where an enemy, or some rival nation, were not in the case. He confined the knowledge of governing within very narrow bounds, to common sense and reason, to justice and lenity, to the speedy determination of civil and criminal causes; with some other obvious topics, which are not worth considering. And he gave it for his opinion, “that whoever could make two ears of corn, or two blades of grass, to grow upon a spot of ground where only one grew before, would deserve better of mankind, and do more essential service to his country, than the whole race of politicians put together.” The learning of this people is very defective, consisting only in morality, history, poetry, and mathematics, wherein they must be allowed to excel. But the last of these is wholly applied to what may be useful in life, to the improvement of agriculture, and all mechanical arts; so that among us, it would be little esteemed. And as to ideas, entities, abstractions, and transcendentals, I could never drive the least conception into their heads.% No law in that country must exceed in words the number of letters in their alphabet, which consists only of two and twenty. But indeed few of them extend even to that length. They are expressed in the most plain and simple terms, wherein those people are not mercurial enough to discover above one interpretation: and to write a comment upon any law, is a capital crime. As to the decision of civil causes, or proceedings against criminals, their precedents are so few, that they have little reason to boast of any extraordinary skill in either. They have had the art of printing, as well as the Chinese, time out of mind: but their libraries are not very large; for that of the king, which is reckoned the largest, does not amount to above a thousand volumes, placed in a gallery of twelve hundred feet long, whence I had liberty to borrow what books I pleased. The queen’s joiner had contrived in one of Glumdalclitch’s rooms, a kind of wooden machine five-and-twenty feet high, formed like a standing ladder; the steps were each fifty feet long. It was indeed a moveable pair of stairs, the lowest end placed at ten feet distance from the wall of the chamber. The book I had a

Korean boast: 자랑하다, 가지고 있다, 자랑, 뽐내다, 큰소리치다, 호언장담하다, 대강 다듬다, 과시하다, 가지다, 자랑 거리. borrow: 차용하다, 빌다, 꾸어오다, 바 람을 참작하여 치다, 언덕을 참작하여 치다, 차입하다, 에서 빌다, 무단 차용 하다. conception: 임신, 구상, 착상, 개념, 태 아, 창안, 생각, 고안, 계획, 개념작용, 개념 작용.

libraries: 도서관. 색 제판법, 인쇄부수, 인쇄술, 무늬찍 mercurial: 수은의, 쾌활한, 마음이 변 기. 하기 쉬운, 기민한, 수성의, 수은제, refinement: 세련, 순화, 우아, 정제, 고 민활한, 메르쿠리우스신의, 수은제제. 상, 정련, 진보, 개량, 개선, 극치, 섬 morality: 도덕, 교훈, 덕행, 도덕률, 도 세한 고안. 의, 윤리학, 개인의 덕행, 이야기 따위 rival: 경쟁하다, 호적수, 적수, 경쟁자, 의 교훈, 도덕극, 도덕우의극. 와 경쟁하다, 경쟁하는, 라이벌, 경쟁 moveable: 동산, 가재, 움직일 수 있는 상대, 대항하는, 서로 겨루다, 맞겨루 움직일 수 있는 것, 움직일 수 있는. 다. printing: 인쇄, 인쇄물, 날염, 활자체 speedy: 즉시의, 민속한, 재빠른, 조속 의 문자, 인화, 인쇄 부수, 인쇄업, 원 한, 빠른.

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mind to read, was put up leaning against the wall: I first mounted to the upper step of the ladder, and turning my face towards the book, began at the top of the page, and so walking to the right and left about eight or ten paces, according to the length of the lines, till I had gotten a little below the level of mine eyes, and then descending gradually till I came to the bottom: after which I mounted again, and began the other page in the same manner, and so turned over the leaf, which I could easily do with both my hands, for it was as thick and stiff as a pasteboard, and in the largest folios not above eighteen or twenty feet long.% Their style is clear, masculine, and smooth, but not florid; for they avoid nothing more than multiplying unnecessary words, or using various expressions. I have perused many of their books, especially those in history and morality. Among the rest, I was much diverted with a little old treatise, which always lay in Glumdalclitch’s bed chamber, and belonged to her governess, a grave elderly gentlewoman, who dealt in writings of morality and devotion. The book treats of the weakness of human kind, and is in little esteem, except among the women and the vulgar. However, I was curious to see what an author of that country could say upon such a subject. This writer went through all the usual topics of European moralists, showing “how diminutive, contemptible, and helpless an animal was man in his own nature; how unable to defend himself from inclemencies of the air, or the fury of wild beasts: how much he was excelled by one creature in strength, by another in speed, by a third in foresight, by a fourth in industry.” He added, “that nature was degenerated in these latter declining ages of the world, and could now produce only small abortive births, in comparison of those in ancient times.” He said “it was very reasonable to think, not only that the species of men were originally much larger, but also that there must have been giants in former ages; which, as it is asserted by history and tradition, so it has been confirmed by huge bones and skulls, casually dug up in several parts of the kingdom, far exceeding the common dwindled race of men in our days.” He argued, “that the very laws of nature absolutely required we should have been made, in the beginning of a size more large and robust; not so liable to destruction from every little accident, of a tile falling from a house, or a stone cast from the hand of a boy, or being drowned in a little brook.” From this

Korean casually: 우연히, 무의식적으로, 임시 로, 약식으로, 아무 생각 없이, 문득, 무심코, 가끔, 불쑥. declining: 기울어, 쇠하여, 기우는. descending: 내려가는, 강하하는, 하향 의. devotion: 귀의, 헌신, 애착, 전념, 기도 , 전렴. dug: 젖꼭지, 젖퉁이. florid: 화려한, 혈색이 좋은, 불그레한, 현란한, 불그스름한.

foresight: 심려, 전망, 선견지명이 있 는, 선견지명, 선견, 장래에의 배려, 전도의 전망, 깊은 생각, 전시, 가늠쇠 , 장래에의 대비. fury: 격노, 격렬, 표독한 여자, 표독한 여자, 복수의 여신의 하나, 표독스러 운 계집. gentlewoman: 숙녀, 귀부인, 귀부인의 시녀, 여성 의원, 상류 부인. helpless: 의지할 데 없는, 무력한, 어 찌할 도리 없는, 의지할 사람이 없는,

어찌할 수 없는, 의지할 곳이 없는. leaning: 경향, 경사, 기호. masculine: 남자의, 남자같은, 남성, 남 자다운, 남성의, 여자가 남자같은, 남 성 대명사 따위, 남성 명사. pasteboard: 판지, 카드, 명함, 입장권, 두꺼운 종이, 종이로 만든. stiff: 시체, 딱딱한, 빡빡한, 독한, 강세 의, 완고한, 뻣뻣한, 되게 반죽된, 딱 딱한사람, 잘움직이지 않는, 경직한 팽팽한.

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way of reasoning, the author drew several moral applications, useful in the conduct of life, but needless here to repeat. For my own part, I could not avoid reflecting how universally this talent was spread, of drawing lectures in morality, or indeed rather matter of discontent and repining, from the quarrels we raise with nature. And I believe, upon a strict inquiry, those quarrels might be shown as ill-grounded among us as they are among that people.% As to their military affairs, they boast that the king’s army consists of a hundred and seventy-six thousand foot, and thirty-two thousand horse: if that may be called an army, which is made up of tradesmen in the several cities, and farmers in the country, whose commanders are only the nobility and gentry, without pay or reward. They are indeed perfect enough in their exercises, and under very good discipline, wherein I saw no great merit; for how should it be otherwise, where every farmer is under the command of his own landlord, and every citizen under that of the principal men in his own city, chosen after the manner of Venice, by ballot? I have often seen the militia of Lorbrulgrud drawn out to exercise, in a great field near the city of twenty miles square. They were in all not above twenty-five thousand foot, and six thousand horse; but it was impossible for me to compute their number, considering the space of ground they took up. A cavalier, mounted on a large steed, might be about ninety feet high. I have seen this whole body of horse, upon a word of command, draw their swords at once, and brandish them in the air. Imagination can figure nothing so grand, so surprising, and so astonishing! it looked as if ten thousand flashes of lightning were darting at the same time from every quarter of the sky. I was curious to know how this prince, to whose dominions there is no access from any other country, came to think of armies, or to teach his people the practice of military discipline. But I was soon informed, both by conversation and reading their histories; for, in the course of many ages, they have been troubled with the same disease to which the whole race of mankind is subject; the nobility often contending for power, the people for liberty, and the king for absolute dominion. All which, however happily tempered by the laws of that

Korean astonishing: 놀라운. ballot: 투표용지, 추첨, 투표, 제비, 투 표용의 작은공, 대통령 후보자 결정선 거, 비밀 투표, 무기명 투표, 제비를 뽑다, 투표하다, 투표를 하다. brandish: 휘두르다. cavalier: 거만한, 기사, 무관심한, 호위 해 가다, 여성의 호위자 노릇을 하다, 기사다운, 호탕한, 왕당원, 파트너, 정 중한 신사, 예의바른 사내. citizen: 시민, 공민, 주민, 민간인, 국민

, 단조롭고 보수적인 그룹에 속해 있 는 사람, 공민권, 도시인, 융통성이 없 는 딱딱한 사람, 인민, 일반인. dominion: 지배, 통치, 통치권, 주권, 소유권, 영토, 통치 권, 통치 력, 천사 의 제사계급, 자치령, 지배 권. exercises: 군대의 연습, 수업 과정, 식. happily: 행복하게, 우연히, 운좋게, 다 행하게도. inquiry: 문의, 연구, 질문, 조회, 조사, 탐구, 심리, 취조, 물어보기.

lightning: 번개, 전광, 번개와 같은, 번 개의. militia: 국민군, 의용군, 시민군. needless: 불필요한, 쓸데없는. steed: 말, 기운찬 말. tempered: 조절된, 완화된, 단련된, 불 린, 달구어 단련한, 기질의. troubled: 난처한, 거칠은, 소란한, 교 란된, 근심스러운. universally: 도처에, 보편적으로, 널리 , 일반적으로, 예외 없이, 전칭적으로.

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kingdom, have been sometimes violated by each of the three parties, and have more than once occasioned civil wars; the last whereof was happily put an end to by this prince’s grand-father, in a general composition; and the militia, then settled with common consent, has been ever since kept in the strictest duty.%

Korean civil: 예의바른, 국내의, 시민 사회의, 시민으로서의, 시민의, 민간용의, 일 반 시민의, 민사의, 달력의, 내정의, 민간인의. common: 보통의, 공동의, 공통의, 공 중의, 공유권, 평범한, 공약의, 공유지 , 종합의, 통성의, 미사 통상문. composition: 작곡, 작문, 조립, 혼합물 , 구성, 구성물, 기질, 문장, 식자, 성 질, 복합. consent: 동의, 동의하다, 승낙하다, 승

낙, 동의자, 찬성하다, 일치. happily: 행복하게, 우연히, 운좋게, 다 행하게도. kingdom: 계, 왕국, 분야, 세계, 왕토, 신정, 왕의 통치. militia: 국민군, 의용군, 시민군. settled: 고정된, 기틀이 잡힌, 안정된, 정주한, 청산된. whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 무엇 에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의.

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%VIII

[The king and queen make a progress to the frontiers. The author attends them. The manner in which he leaves the country very particularly related. He returns to England.]

I had always a strong impulse that I should some time recover my liberty, though it was impossible to conjecture by what means, or to form any project with the least hope of succeeding. The ship in which I sailed, was the first ever known to be driven within sight of that coast, and the king had given strict orders, that if at any time another appeared, it should be taken ashore, and with all its crew and passengers brought in a tumbril to Lorbrulgrud. He was strongly bent to get me a woman of my own size, by whom I might propagate the breed: but I think I should rather have died than undergone the disgrace of leaving a posterity to be kept in cages, like tame canary-birds, and perhaps, in time, sold about the kingdom, to persons of quality, for curiosities. I was indeed treated with much kindness: I was the favourite of a great king and queen, and the delight of the whole court; but it was upon such a foot as ill became the dignity of humankind. I could never forget those domestic pledges I had left behind me. I wanted to be among people, with whom I could converse upon even terms, and walk about the streets and fields without being afraid of being trod to death like a frog or a young puppy. But my deliverance came sooner than

Korean bent: 굽은, 초원, 황야, 마음을 기울인, 열심인, 경향, 허리가 굽은, 성벽, 겨 이삭속 또는 그와 비슷한 포아풀과의 잡초, 그 줄기, 기호. delight: 기쁨, 기뻐하다, 즐기다, 즐겁 게하다, 유쾌, 기쁘게 하는 것, 매우 기쁘게 하다. deliverance: 구출, 해방, 진술, 진술의 공표, 평결, 액막이, 석방, 발표, 구조, 공식 의견, 의견. dignity: 존엄, 위엄, 관록, 품위, 체면

에 관계되다, 위풍, 위계, 고위 인사. favourite: 마음에 드는 것, 인기 있는 사람 마음에 드는, 마음에 드는, 인기 있는 말, 좋아하는 사람, 특히 잘하는, 특히 좋아하는 물건. humankind: 인류. ill: 서투른, 병든, 나쁜, 나쁘게, 불행, 악, 불친절하게, 불친절한, 고난, 병고 , 형편이 나쁜. impulse: 충격, 충동, 자극, 추진, 변덕, 충격량, 역적, 고무, 일시적 감정순간

력, 욕구. recover: 회복시키다, 회복하다, 벌충 하다, 되찾다, 보상하다, 승소, 완쾌, -의 덮개를 갈아 붙이다, 회복, 되찾 음, 승소하다. strongly: 강하게, 튼튼하게, 열심히, 맹렬히, 공고히, 강경히, 강경하게, 격 심하게. succeeding: 계속되는, 다음의. tumbril: 농장용 짐수레, 이륜차, 사형 수호송차, 비료 운반차, 물고문 의자.

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I expected, and in a manner not very common; the whole story and circumstances of which I shall faithfully relate.% I had now been two years in this country; and about the beginning of the third, Glumdalclitch and I attended the king and queen, in a progress to the south coast of the kingdom. I was carried, as usual, in my travelling-box, which as I have already described, was a very convenient closet, of twelve feet wide. And I had ordered a hammock to be fixed, by silken ropes from the four corners at the top, to break the jolts, when a servant carried me before him on horseback, as I sometimes desired; and would often sleep in my hammock, while we were upon the road. On the roof of my closet, not directly over the middle of the hammock, I ordered the joiner to cut out a hole of a foot square, to give me air in hot weather, as I slept; which hole I shut at pleasure with a board that drew backward and forward through a groove. When we came to our journey’s end, the king thought proper to pass a few days at a palace he has near Flanflasnic, a city within eighteen English miles of the seaside. Glumdalclitch and I were much fatigued: I had gotten a small cold, but the poor girl was so ill as to be confined to her chamber. I longed to see the ocean, which must be the only scene of my escape, if ever it should happen. I pretended to be worse than I really was, and desired leave to take the fresh air of the sea, with a page, whom I was very fond of, and who had sometimes been trusted with me. I shall never forget with what unwillingness Glumdalclitch consented, nor the strict charge she gave the page to be careful of me, bursting at the same time into a flood of tears, as if she had some forboding of what was to happen. The boy took me out in my box, about half an hours walk from the palace, towards the rocks on the sea-shore. I ordered him to set me down, and lifting up one of my sashes, cast many a wistful melancholy look towards the sea. I found myself not very well, and told the page that I had a mind to take a nap in my hammock, which I hoped would do me good. I got in, and the boy shut the window close down, to keep out the cold. I soon fell asleep, and all I can conjecture is, while I slept, the page, thinking no danger could happen, went among the rocks to look for birds’ eggs, having before observed him from my

Korean asleep: 잠들어, 활발치않아서, 마비되 어, 팽이가서서, 영면하여, 죽어, 자서 , 저려. cast: 던지다, 캐스트, 주조되다, 던지 기, 해고하다, 향하다, 버리다, 경향, 주조하다, 배정하다, 계산하다. danger: 위험, 장애, 의 위험이 있다, 위험 상태, 위험물. escape: 도망, 달아나다, 도피, 면하다, 탈출하다, 새다, 남지않다, 탈출, 샘, 야생으로 돌아가다, 흐려지다.

faithfully: 여불비례, 충실히. flood: 홍수, 범람, 범람하다, 관개하다 , 만조, 밀어닥치다, 넘쳐 흐르다, 쇄 도, 호수, 대해, 강. groove: 상궤, 홈, 가는 홈, 정해진 순 서, 에 홈을 파다, 에 홈을 내다, 상도, 홈관례, 최고조, 적소. hole: 구멍, 결점, 틈, 구멍을 뚫다, 굴, 궁지, 토굴 감옥, 흘, 공을 구멍에 쳐 넣다, 꼼짝할 수 없는 곤경, 굴에 몰아 넣다.

nap: 보풀, 선잠, 낮잠, 이길 말이 라고 지목하다, 필승마, 졸면서보내다, 잠 깐 졸다, 선잠자다, 겉잠, 보풀을 세우 다, 잠깐자다. roof: 지붕, 집, 최고부, 에 지붕을 이다 , 꼭대기, 보호하다, 위턱, 지붕모양의 물건, 지붕으로덮다, 지붕을 해 덮다, 차의지붕. seaside: 해변의, 해안의, 해안. wistful: 탐나는 듯한, 생각에 잠긴, 곰 곰 생각하는, 탐내는.

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window searching about, and picking up one or two in the clefts. Be that as it will, I found myself suddenly awaked with a violent pull upon the ring, which was fastened at the top of my box for the conveniency of carriage. I felt my box raised very high in the air, and then borne forward with prodigious speed. The first jolt had like to have shaken me out of my hammock, but afterward the motion was easy enough. I called out several times, as loud as I could raise my voice, but all to no purpose. I looked towards my windows, and could see nothing but the clouds and sky. I heard a noise just over my head, like the clapping of wings, and then began to perceive the woful condition I was in; that some eagle had got the ring of my box in his beak, with an intent to let it fall on a rock, like a tortoise in a shell, and then pick out my body, and devour it: for the sagacity and smell of this bird enables him to discover his quarry at a great distance, though better concealed than I could be within a two-inch board.% In a little time, I observed the noise and flutter of wings to increase very fast, and my box was tossed up and down, like a sign in a windy day. I heard several bangs or buffets, as I thought given to the eagle (for such I am certain it must have been that held the ring of my box in his beak), and then, all on a sudden, felt myself falling perpendicularly down, for above a minute, but with such incredible swiftness, that I almost lost my breath. My fall was stopped by a terrible squash, that sounded louder to my ears than the cataract of Niagara; after which, I was quite in the dark for another minute, and then my box began to rise so high, that I could see light from the tops of the windows. I now perceived I was fallen into the sea. My box, by the weight of my body, the goods that were in, and the broad plates of iron fixed for strength at the four corners of the top and bottom, floated about five feet deep in water. I did then, and do now suppose, that the eagle which flew away with my box was pursued by two or three others, and forced to let me drop, while he defended himself against the rest, who hoped to share in the prey. The plates of iron fastened at the bottom of the box (for those were the strongest) preserved the balance while it fell, and hindered it from being broken on the surface of the water. Every joint of it was well grooved; and the door did not move on hinges, but up and down like a sash, which kept my closet so tight that very little water came in. I got with much

Korean beak: 부리, 코, 치안판사, 주둥이, 격 돌 함수, 귀때, 교사, 누조, 부리가 있 는, 치안 판사, 부리 같이 생긴 물건. cataract: 백내장, 큰폭포, 호우, 분류, 수력 절등기, 큰 폭포. devour: 탐독하다, 멸망시키다, 개걸스 럽게 먹다, 먹어치우다, 개걸스럽게먹 다, 이성을 빼앗다, 게걸스레 먹다. eagle: 독수리자리, 수리, 수리표, 독수 리, 옛 십달러 금화, 독수리 자리, 독 수리 표, 표준보다 두 타수 적은 타수.

flutter: 펄럭임, 훨훨날다, 홰치다, 두 닫이창, 새시를 달다, 유리창. 근거리다, 퍼덕거리다, 나부끼다, 동 squash: 진압하다, 흐믈흐믈하게 하다, 요, 퍼덕이다, 날개치다, 빠르고 불규 으끄러지다, 으깨다, 억지로 밀어 넣 칙하게 뛰다, 활개짓. 다, 과즙 음료, 호박류, 끽소리 못하게 grooved: 홈이 있는, 홈이 팬. 하다, 경구 비슷한 공놀이, 헤치고 나 perpendicularly: 수직으로. 아가다, 철썩 떨어지다. quarry: 채석장, 원천, 찾아내다, 먹이, tortoise: 거북, 느림보, 귀갑 모양의 큰 복수의 대상, 사냥감, 채석장에서 떠 방패, 귀갑대, 남생이. 내다, 추구물, 떠내다, 고 문서에서 사 windy: 바람이 센, 공허한, 수다스러운 실 따위를 찾아내다, 돌을 잘라내다. , 깜짝 놀란, 가스가 차는, 바람 불어 sash: 창틀, 장식띠, 허리띠, 어깨띠, 여 오는 쪽의, 입만의, 말만의.

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difficulty out of my hammock, having first ventured to draw back the slip-board on the roof already mentioned, contrived on purpose to let in air, for want of which I found myself almost stifled.% How often did I then wish myself with my dear Glumdalclitch, from whom one single hour had so far divided me! And I may say with truth, that in the midst of my own misfortunes I could not forbear lamenting my poor nurse, the grief she would suffer for my loss, the displeasure of the queen, and the ruin of her fortune. Perhaps many travellers have not been under greater difficulties and distress than I was at this juncture, expecting every moment to see my box dashed to pieces, or at least overset by the first violent blast, or rising wave. A breach in one single pane of glass would have been immediate death: nor could any thing have preserved the windows, but the strong lattice wires placed on the outside, against accidents in travelling. I saw the water ooze in at several crannies, although the leaks were not considerable, and I endeavoured to stop them as well as I could. I was not able to lift up the roof of my closet, which otherwise I certainly should have done, and sat on the top of it; where I might at least preserve myself some hours longer, than by being shut up (as I may call it) in the hold. Or if I escaped these dangers for a day or two, what could I expect but a miserable death of cold and hunger? I was four hours under these circumstances, expecting, and indeed wishing, every moment to be my last. I have already told the reader that there were two strong staples fixed upon that side of my box which had no window, and into which the servant, who used to carry me on horseback, would put a leathern belt, and buckle it about his waist. Being in this disconsolate state, I heard, or at least thought I heard, some kind of grating noise on that side of my box where the staples were fixed; and soon after I began to fancy that the box was pulled or towed along the sea; for I now and then felt a sort of tugging, which made the waves rise near the tops of my windows, leaving me almost in the dark. This gave me some faint hopes of relief, although I was not able to imagine how it could be brought about. I ventured to unscrew one of my chairs, which were always fastened to the floor; and having made a hard shift to screw it down again, directly under the

Korean blast: 소리, 한 바탕 부는 바람, 시들게 하다, 돌풍, 폭파하다, 울려퍼짐-폭파 하다, 폭발, 한 줄기 강한 바람, 형편 없는 실패, 총을 쏘다, 폭풍. disconsolate: 쓸쓸한, 허전한, 서글픈, 슬퍼서, 우울한. distress: 고난, 고통, 빈궁, 비탄, 고민, 심통, 피로하게 하다, 피로, 괴롭히다, 압류-괴롭히다, 압류. faint: 어질어질한, 희미한, 연약한, 기 절하다, 쇠약해진, 약해지다, 활기없

는, 졸도하다, 엷은, 가냘픈, 힘없는. 점 없어지다, 스며나오다, 새다, 곤죽 grating: 삐걱거리는, 서로 갈리는, 격 같은, 분비물, 감탕흙, 차츰 없어지다, 자, 귀에 거슬리는, 모든 연령층에 맞 질금질금 흘러나오다, 진흙. 는 영화로 판정된 것, 창살. pane: 창유리, 구역, 에 창유리를 끼우 hunger: 굶주림, 갈망하다, 굶주리다, 다, 창, 창유리의 한 장. 공복, 갈망, 기근, 배가 고프다, 열망 screw: 나사, 압박, 구두쇠, 분발시키다 하다, 굶주리게 하다, 열망. , 추진기, 억지로 깍다, 굽히다, 한번 lattice: 격자, 격자형 배열, 에 격자를 비틀기, 성교하다, 봉급, 몸을 비틀다. 붙이다, 격자 만들기, 창살, 격자 세공 unscrew: 나사를돌려늦추다, 나사를빼 . 다, 돌려서 빼다, 의 니사를 빼다, 나 ooze: 스며나옴, 스며나오게 하다, 점 사가 빠지다, 나사가 늦추어지다.

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slipping-board that I had lately opened, I mounted on the chair, and putting my mouth as near as I could to the hole, I called for help in a loud voice, and in all the languages I understood. I then fastened my handkerchief to a stick I usually carried, and thrusting it up the hole, waved it several times in the air, that if any boat or ship were near, the seamen might conjecture some unhappy mortal to be shut up in the box.% I found no effect from all I could do, but plainly perceived my closet to be moved along; and in the space of an hour, or better, that side of the box where the staples were, and had no windows, struck against something that was hard. I apprehended it to be a rock, and found myself tossed more than ever. I plainly heard a noise upon the cover of my closet, like that of a cable, and the grating of it as it passed through the ring. I then found myself hoisted up, by degrees, at least three feet higher than I was before. Whereupon I again thrust up my stick and handkerchief, calling for help till I was almost hoarse. In return to which, I heard a great shout repeated three times, giving me such transports of joy as are not to be conceived but by those who feel them. I now heard a trampling over my head, and somebody calling through the hole with a loud voice, in the English tongue, “If there be any body below, let them speak.” I answered, “I was an Englishman, drawn by ill fortune into the greatest calamity that ever any creature underwent, and begged, by all that was moving, to be delivered out of the dungeon I was in.” The voice replied, “I was safe, for my box was fastened to their ship; and the carpenter should immediately come and saw a hole in the cover, large enough to pull me out.” I answered, “that was needless, and would take up too much time; for there was no more to be done, but let one of the crew put his finger into the ring, and take the box out of the sea into the ship, and so into the captain’s cabin.” Some of them, upon hearing me talk so wildly, thought I was mad: others laughed; for indeed it never came into my head, that I was now got among people of my own stature and strength. The carpenter came, and in a few minutes sawed a passage about four feet square, then let down a small ladder, upon which I mounted, and thence was taken into the ship in a very weak condition.

Korean calamity: 재난, 참화, 불행, 비참. calling: 천직, 부름, 직업, 소집, 점호, 강한 충동, 하느님의 부르심, 방문, 울 음소리, 외침, 소명. carpenter: 목수, 목수일을 하다, 목수 일로 만들다, 대목, 목수일을하다, 목 수직, 무대장치인, 아마추어 목수, 목 공품, 목공일을 하다. dungeon: 토굴감옥, 지하 감옥, 누각. hoarse: 쉰목소리의, 귀에 거슬리는, 목쉰, 목이쉰, 목쉰소리의, 쉰, 소란스

러운. repeated: 되풀이된, 거듭된. shout: 외침, 외치다, 승부는 났다, 소 리침, 소리치다, 부르짓다, 떠들어 대 다, 고함치다, 큰소리로 말하다, 한턱 낼 차례, 큰소리. struck: 파업으로 폐쇄된. thrust: 밀다, 찌르다, 찔러넣다, 공격, 습격, 돌진하다, 찌르기, 혹평, 밀치다 , 밀기, 돌격. thrusting: 자기 주장이 강한, 공격적인

. tongue: 말, 혀, 국어, 탕, 혀를 사용하 여 불다, 혀를 사용하다, 널름거리다, 혀 모양의 것, 말하다, 혀 모양의 가장 자리를 만들다, 혀처럼 생긴 것. unhappy: 불행한, 부적당한, 적절하지 못한, 계제 나쁜. wildly: 거칠게, 격렬하게, 야생상태로, 과격하게, 난폭하게, 미친 듯이, 야생 적으로, 무턱대고. windows: 윈도우.

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The%sailors were all in amazement, and asked me a thousand questions, which I had no inclination to answer. I was equally confounded at the sight of so many pigmies, for such I took them to be, after having so long accustomed mine eyes to the monstrous objects I had left. But the captain, Mr. Thomas Wilcocks, an honest worthy Shropshire man, observing I was ready to faint, took me into his cabin, gave me a cordial to comfort me, and made me turn in upon his own bed, advising me to take a little rest, of which I had great need. Before I went to sleep, I gave him to understand that I had some valuable furniture in my box, too good to be lost: a fine hammock, a handsome field-bed, two chairs, a table, and a cabinet; that my closet was hung on all sides, or rather quilted, with silk and cotton; that if he would let one of the crew bring my closet into his cabin, I would open it there before him, and show him my goods. The captain, hearing me utter these absurdities, concluded I was raving; however (I suppose to pacify me) he promised to give order as I desired, and going upon deck, sent some of his men down into my closet, whence (as I afterwards found) they drew up all my goods, and stripped off the quilting; but the chairs, cabinet, and bedstead, being screwed to the floor, were much damaged by the ignorance of the seamen, who tore them up by force. Then they knocked off some of the boards for the use of the ship, and when they had got all they had a mind for, let the hull drop into the sea, which by reason of many breaches made in the bottom and sides, sunk to rights. And, indeed, I was glad not to have been a spectator of the havoc they made, because I am confident it would have sensibly touched me, by bringing former passages into my mind, which I would rather have forgot. I slept some hours, but perpetually disturbed with dreams of the place I had left, and the dangers I had escaped. However, upon waking, I found myself much recovered. It was now about eight o’clock at night, and the captain ordered supper immediately, thinking I had already fasted too long. He entertained me with great kindness, observing me not to look wildly, or talk inconsistently: and, when we were left alone, desired I would give him a relation of my travels, and by what accident I came to be set adrift, in that monstrous wooden chest. He said “that about twelve o’clock at noon, as he was looking through his glass, he spied it at a distance, and thought it was a sail, which he had a mind to make, being

Korean amazement: 놀람, 소스라침. bedstead: 침대의 뼈대, 침대. cabin: 선실, 가두다, 개빈, 오두막집신 호소, 선실 따위여객기의 객실, 오두 막, 오두막집에서 살다, 거주 부분, 캐 빈, 오두막집. cordial: 강심제, 강장제, 코디얼, 원기 를 돋구는, 충심으로부터의, 달콤한술 , 과일주스에 물을 탄 음료, 강심성의, 성실한, 성심성의의, 주스. havoc: 파괴, 황폐, 대대적으로 파괴하

다, 큰 파란. hull: 선체, 정체, 덮개, 껍데기, 덮개를 벗기다, 선체를 궤뚫다, 껍데기를 제 거하다, 외피. inclination: 경향, 기울기, 경사, 경각, 경도, 성향, 기울이기, 의향, 숙임, 사 면, 비탈. inconsistently: 조화되지 않는, 양립하 지 않는, 주견이 없는. noon: 정오, 정오의, 전성기, 점심을 먹 다, 한밤중, 한낮, 야반, 결정, 낮 휴식

을 취하다절정에 달하다, 정오에 하는 , 최고점. pacify: 달래다, 평화를 수립하다, 가라 앉히다, 가라않히다. sensibly: 현명하게, 스마트하기보다는 실용 본위로, 눈에 띌 정도로, 느끼기 쉽게, 분별있게, 지각 있게, 현저히현 명하게, 분별 있게, 느낄 수 있게. spectator: 구경꾼, 방관자, 관찰자, 목 격자. sunk: 침몰된, 물밑의, 움푹한.

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not %much out of his course, in hopes of buying some biscuit, his own beginning to fall short. That upon coming nearer, and finding his error, he sent out his longboat to discover what it was; that his men came back in a fright, swearing they had seen a swimming house. That he laughed at their folly, and went himself in the boat, ordering his men to take a strong cable along with them. That the weather being calm, he rowed round me several times, observed my windows and wire lattices that defended them. That he discovered two staples upon one side, which was all of boards, without any passage for light. He then commanded his men to row up to that side, and fastening a cable to one of the staples, ordered them to tow my chest, as they called it, toward the ship. When it was there, he gave directions to fasten another cable to the ring fixed in the cover, and to raise up my chest with pulleys, which all the sailors were not able to do above two or three feet.” He said, “they saw my stick and handkerchief thrust out of the hole, and concluded that some unhappy man must be shut up in the cavity.” I asked, “whether he or the crew had seen any prodigious birds in the air, about the time he first discovered me.” To which he answered, that discoursing this matter with the sailors while I was asleep, one of them said, he had observed three eagles flying towards the north, but remarked nothing of their being larger than the usual size:” which I suppose must be imputed to the great height they were at; and he could not guess the reason of my question. I then asked the captain, “how far he reckoned we might be from land?” He said, “by the best computation he could make, we were at least a hundred leagues.” I assured him, “that he must be mistaken by almost half, for I had not left the country whence I came above two hours before I dropped into the sea.” Whereupon he began again to think that my brain was disturbed, of which he gave me a hint, and advised me to go to bed in a cabin he had provided. I assured him, “I was well refreshed with his good entertainment and company, and as much in my senses as ever I was in my life.” He then grew serious, and desired to ask me freely, “whether I were not troubled in my mind by the consciousness of some enormous crime, for which I was punished, at the command of some prince, by exposing me in that chest; as great criminals, in other countries, have been forced to sea in a leaky vessel, without provisions: for although he should be sorry to

Korean advised: 숙고한, 신중한, 곰곰이 생각 녜, 연회, 오락, 여응, 환대, 연예, 주 한 끝의, 무분별한, 숙고한 후의. 연. assured: 자신있게, 확실한, 보험에 부 fasten: 잠기다, 멈추다, 잠그다, 고착 친, 확신하여, 자신 있는, 생명 보험을 하다, 꽉달라붙다, 꽉 달라붙다, 단단 건, 보증된. 히 고정시키다, 단단히고정시키다, 붙 calm: 평온한, 고요한, 뻔뻔스러운, 무 들어 매다, 붙들어매다, 고정하다. 풍, 가라앉히다, 침착한, 침착, 고요, hint: 암시, 변죽울리기, 넌지시 비추다 냉정, 평온, 뱃심좋은. , 암시하다, 힌트, 지시, 년지시 비치 consciousness: 의식, 자각, 지각, 감지 다, 넌지시알리다, 귀뜸, 요령, 희미한 , 심상. 징조. entertainment: 마음에 품음, 대접, 여 leaky: 새기 쉬운, 오줌을 지리는, 새는

구멍 있는, 비밀을 누설하기 쉬운, 오 줌을 잘 싸는, 새는 구멍이 있는. mistaken: 잘못된, 판단이 잘못된. swearing: 서약, 욕을 퍼붓기. tow: 삼 부스러기, 끌려가는 배, 밧줄 로 끌다, 돌보아주다, 거느리다, 끄는 밧줄, 배를 끌기, 끌다, 끌고 가다, 끌 리는 배, 밧줄로 끎. wire: 철사, 전선, 전보를 치다, 전신, 철사로 묶다, 전보치다, 전보, 결승선, 철사 세공, 전선을 가설하다, 덫.

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have taken so ill a man into his ship, yet he would engage his word to set me safe ashore, in the first port where we arrived.” He added, “that his suspicions were much increased by some very absurd speeches I had delivered at first to his sailors, and afterwards to himself, in relation to my closet or chest, as well as by my odd looks and behaviour while I was at supper.”% I begged his patience to hear me tell my story, which I faithfully did, from the last time I left England, to the moment he first discovered me. And, as truth always forces its way into rational minds, so this honest worthy gentleman, who had some tincture of learning, and very good sense, was immediately convinced of my candour and veracity. But further to confirm all I had said, I entreated him to give order that my cabinet should be brought, of which I had the key in my pocket; for he had already informed me how the seamen disposed of my closet. I opened it in his own presence, and showed him the small collection of rarities I made in the country from which I had been so strangely delivered. There was the comb I had contrived out of the stumps of the king’s beard, and another of the same materials, but fixed into a paring of her majesty’s thumb-nail, which served for the back. There was a collection of needles and pins, from a foot to half a yard long; four wasp stings, like joiner’s tacks; some combings of the queen’s hair; a gold ring, which one day she made me a present of, in a most obliging manner, taking it from her little finger, and throwing it over my head like a collar. I desired the captain would please to accept this ring in return for his civilities; which he absolutely refused. I showed him a corn that I had cut off with my own hand, from a maid of honour’s toe; it was about the bigness of Kentish pippin, and grown so hard, that when I returned England, I got it hollowed into a cup, and set in silver. Lastly, I desired him to see the breeches I had then on, which were made of a mouse’s skin. I could force nothing on him but a footman’s tooth, which I observed him to examine with great curiosity, and found he had a fancy for it. He received it with abundance of thanks, more than such a trifle could deserve. It was drawn by an unskilful surgeon, in a mistake, from one of Glumdalclitch’s men, who was afflicted with the tooth-ache, but it was as sound as any in his head. I got it

Korean abundance: 풍부, 부유, 윤택, 다수, 충 분한 물작 공급, 충분한 물자 공급, 유 복. afflicted: 괴로워하는, 고민하는. candour: 공평 무사. paring: 벗긴 껍질, 껍질을 벗김, 깍은 부스러기, 껍질 벗기기, 벗긴 지스러 기, 얼마 안되는 저금, 깎은 껍질, 얼 마 안되는 저축, 깎은 지스러기. pins: 다리. pippin: 사과의 일종, 피핀종의 사과.

toe: 발가락, 발끝을 돌리다, 발끝, 발 는 짓을 하다, 가지고 장난하다, 만지 가락으로 대다, 빈틈없는, 부리를 대 작 거리다, 사소한일, 소홀히 하다, 실 다, 앞부리를 대다, 도구의 끝, 발끝으 떡거리다, 약간, 하찮은일. 로 걷다, 발끝으로 서다, 발가락에 해 unskilful: 서투른, 솜씨없는, 어줍은. 당하는 부분. wasp: 허리가 가는, 성 잘 내는, 말벌 tooth: 이, 맛, 이 모양의 물건, 좋아하 같은, 심술궂은, 육군 항공 여자 조종 는 것, 물다, 맞물다, 깔죽깔죽하게 하 사대의 대원, 장수말벌, 성 잘내는 사 다, 에 톱니를 붙이다, 배의 대포, 식 람, 백인 앵글로색슨 신교도, 말벌, 성 성, 이 같이 생긴 것. 잘 내는 사람, 워스프. tooth-ache: 치통. yard: 야드, 마당, 조차장, 뜰, 마, 구내, trifle: 소량, 낭비하다, 트라이플, 실없 작업장, 활대, 일터, 지팡이, 막대.

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cleaned, and put it into my cabinet. It was about a foot long, and four inches in diameter.% The captain was very well satisfied with this plain relation I had given him, and said, “he hoped, when we returned to England, I would oblige the world by putting it on paper, and making it public.” My answer was, “that we were overstocked with books of travels: that nothing could now pass which was not extraordinary; wherein I doubted some authors less consulted truth, than their own vanity, or interest, or the diversion of ignorant readers; that my story could contain little beside common events, without those ornamental descriptions of strange plants, trees, birds, and other animals; or of the barbarous customs and idolatry of savage people, with which most writers abound. However, I thanked him for his good opinion, and promised to take the matter into my thoughts.” He said “he wondered at one thing very much, which was, to hear me speak so loud;” asking me “whether the king or queen of that country were thick of hearing?” I told him, “it was what I had been used to for above two years past, and that I admired as much at the voices of him and his men, who seemed to me only to whisper, and yet I could hear them well enough. But, when I spoke in that country, it was like a man talking in the streets, to another looking out from the top of a steeple, unless when I was placed on a table, or held in any person’s hand.” I told him, “I had likewise observed another thing, that, when I first got into the ship, and the sailors stood all about me, I thought they were the most little contemptible creatures I had ever beheld.” For indeed, while I was in that prince’s country, I could never endure to look in a glass, after mine eyes had been accustomed to such prodigious objects, because the comparison gave me so despicable a conceit of myself. The captain said, “that while we were at supper, he observed me to look at every thing with a sort of wonder, and that I often seemed hardly able to contain my laughter, which he knew not well how to take, but imputed it to some disorder in my brain.” I answered, “it was very true; and I wondered how I could forbear, when I saw his dishes of the size of a silver three-pence, a leg of pork hardly a mouthful, a cup not so big as a nut-shell;” and so I went on, describing the rest of his household-stuff and provisions, after the

Korean barbarous: 잔인한, 야만의, 무식한, 조 야한, 그리스 어 이외의, 라틴 어 이외 의, 미개한, 야비한, 이국어의. comparison: 비교, 비유, 유사, 비김, 필적, 대조, 비교변화. conceit: 기발한 착상, 자부심, 자만, 호 의, 생각하다, 착상, 호감, 이 마음에 들다, 독단, 자부, 우쭐대다. despicable: 비열한, 야비한, 경멸할 만 한. disorder: 무질서, 혼란, 혼란시키다,

병들게하다, 부조, 불온, 어지럽히하. extraordinary: 보통이아닌, 비범한, 특 명의, 엄청난, 이상한, 특별 수당, 임 시의, 비상한. idolatry: 우상 숭배, 사신 숭배. oblige: 할 의무를 지우다, 에게 은혜를 베풀다, 호의를 나타내다, 하지 않을 수 없게 하다. ornamental: 장식적인, 장식용의, 장식 물. plain: 명백한, 평이한, 쉬운, 보통의,

솔직한, 소박한, 평탄한, 단순한, 예쁘 지 않은, 무늬없는, 평지. pork: 돼지고기, 보조금, 의원이 정치 적 배려로 주게 하는 정부 관직 따위, 의원이 정치적 배려로 주게 하는 정부 보조금, 돼지 고기. satisfied: 만족한, 흡족한. silver: 은, 은의, 은화, 은을 입히다, 은 으로 만든, 은그릇, 은도금 하다, 질산 은, 질산은을 칠하다, 은실, 은 같은. supper: 저녁 식사, 밤참.

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same manner. For, although he queen had ordered a little equipage of all things necessary for me, while I was in her service, yet my ideas were wholly taken up with what I saw on every side of me, and I winked at my own littleness, as people do at their own faults. The captain understood my raillery very well, and merrily replied with the old English proverb, “that he doubted mine eyes were bigger than my belly, for he did not observe my stomach so good, although I had fasted all day;” and, continuing in his mirth, protested “he would have gladly given a hundred pounds, to have seen my closet in the eagle’s bill, and afterwards in its fall from so great a height into the sea; which would certainly have been a most astonishing object, worthy to have the description of it transmitted to future ages:” and the comparison of Phaeton was so obvious, that he could not forbear applying it, although I did not much admire the conceit.% The captain having been at Tonquin, was, in his return to England, driven north-eastward to the latitude of 44 degrees, and longitude of 143. But meeting a trade-wind two days after I came on board him, we sailed southward a long time, and coasting New Holland, kept our course west-south-west, and then southsouth-west, till we doubled the Cape of Good Hope. Our voyage was very prosperous, but I shall not trouble the reader with a journal of it. The captain called in at one or two ports, and sent in his long-boat for provisions and fresh water; but I never went out of the ship till we came into the Downs, which was on the third day of June, 1706, about nine months after my escape. I offered to leave my goods in security for payment of my freight: but the captain protested he would not receive one farthing. We took a kind leave of each other, and I made him promise he would come to see me at my house in Redriff. I hired a horse and guide for five shillings, which I borrowed of the captain. As I was on the road, observing the littleness of the houses, the trees, the cattle, and the people, I began to think myself in Lilliput. I was afraid of trampling on every traveller I met, and often called aloud to have them stand out of the way, so that I had like to have gotten one or two broken heads for my impertinence.

Korean admire: 감탄하다, 칭찬하다, 기뻐하다 , 좋아하다, 찬미하다, 황홀하게 바라 보다, 탄복하며 바라보다, 찬탄하다, 탄복하다. aloud: 큰 소리로, 똑똑히, 소리 내어. borrowed: 다른 데서 따온, 빈, 차용한 . coasting: 연안 항행, 연안 항행의, 언 덕 미끄럼 타기, 연안 무역, 해안선의 지형, 타성으로 나아가는, 해안선도, 내리받이 활주, 활주용 경사.

continuing: 계속적인, 영구적인, 갱신 할 필요가 없는, 연속적인. farthing: 영국의 동전, 영국의동전, 파 싱. freight: 운송화물, 화물을싣다, 화물수 송, 출하하다, 적하, 운임, 수상화물수 송, 화물의, 용선, 화물, 화물 열차. height: 높이, 고도, 고지, 둔덕, 절정, 한창, 극치, 높은 곳, 높음, 이 한창이 어서, 하늘. journal: 일지, 분개장, 신문, 잡지, 항

해 일지, 굴대의 목, 일간 신문, 일간 신문. longitude: 경도, 세로, 황경. merrily: 즐겁게, 명랑하게, 흥겹게. raillery: 놀림, 농담, 희롱, 희롱하는 행 위. southward: 남으로부터, 남으로, 남쪽 에, 남쪽으로, 남쪽으로의, 남쪽의. worthy: 훌륭한, 명사, 하기에 족한, 훌 륭한 인물, 상당한, 가치있는, 사람, 가치 있는.

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When I came to my own house, for which I was forced to inquire, one of the servants opening the door, I bent down to go in, (like a goose under a gate,) for fear of striking my head. My wife run out to embrace me, but I stooped lower than her knees, thinking she could otherwise never be able to reach my mouth. My daughter kneeled to ask my blessing, but I could not see her till she arose, having been so long used to stand with my head and eyes erect to above sixty feet; and then I went to take her up with one hand by the waist. I looked down upon the servants, and one or two friends who were in the house, as if they had been pigmies and I a giant. I told my wife, “she had been too thrifty, for I found she had starved herself and her daughter to nothing.” In short, I behaved myself so unaccountably, that they were all of the captain’s opinion when he first saw me, and concluded I had lost my wits. This I mention as an instance of the great power of habit and prejudice.% In a little time, I and my family and friends came to a right understanding: but my wife protested “I should never go to sea any more;” although my evil destiny so ordered, that she had not power to hinder me, as the reader may know hereafter. In the mean time, I here conclude the second part of my unfortunate voyages.

Korean arose: 과거. behaved: 한 태도의, 행동거지가 ...한. blessing: 고마운 것, 은총, 축복, 행복, 가호, 식전의 기도, 복, 찬성, 축복의 말. destiny: 운명, 천명, 하늘, 하늘의 뜻. embrace: 포함하다, 포옹하다, 껴안다, 매수하다, 깨닫다, 포옹, 채용하다, 서 로 껴안다, 채용하다-서로 껴안다-포 옹, 성교, 채택하다. giant: 거인, 거대한, 위인, 기가스.

goose: 거위, 바보, 거위고기, 대형 다 리미, 얼간이, 충실하여, 야유, 재봉사 의 다리미, 구우즈. habit: 습관, 버릇, 습성, 에 살다, 복장, 기질, 체질, 여성승마복, 입히다, 여성 승마복, 의복. sixty: 예순 개, 육십세의, 육십의, 육십 일불 어음, 육십대, 육십년대, 육십, 육십세, 예순 개의. starved: 굶주린, 허기진, 굶어 죽는. striking: 치는, 파업중인, 인상적인, 현

저한, 두드러진, 눈에 띄는. thrifty: 번영하는, 절약하는, 검소한, 무성하는, 알뜰한, 검약하는, 무성한. till: 까지, 갈다, 돈궤, 서랍, 귀중품함, 할 때까지는, 하여 마침내, 표석 점토, 배양하다, 땅을 갈다, 까지줄곧. unaccountably: 설명할 수 없게. unfortunate: 유감스러운, 불길한, 불 행한, 불행한 결과를 가져오는, 불운 한 사람, 불운한, 적당하지 않은, 불행 한 사람.

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PART III— A VOYAGE TO LAPUTA, BALNIBARBI, LUGGNAGG, GLUBBDUBDRIB, AND JAPAN

Jonathan Swift

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%I

[The author sets out on his third voyage. Is taken by pirates. The malice of a Dutchman. His arrival at an island. He is received into Laputa.]

I had not been at home above ten days, when Captain William Robinson, a Cornish man, commander of the Hopewell, a stout ship of three hundred tons, came to my house. I had formerly been surgeon of another ship where he was master, and a fourth part owner, in a voyage to the Levant. He had always treated me more like a brother, than an inferior officer; and, hearing of my arrival, made me a visit, as I apprehended only out of friendship, for nothing passed more than what is usual after long absences. But repeating his visits often, expressing his joy to find I me in good health, asking, “whether I were now settled for life?” adding, “that he intended a voyage to the East Indies in two months,” at last he plainly invited me, though with some apologies, to be surgeon of the ship; “that I should have another surgeon under me, beside our two mates; that my salary should be double to the usual pay; and that having experienced my knowledge in sea-affairs to be at least equal to his, he would enter into any engagement to follow my advice, as much as if I had shared in the command.” He said so many other obliging things, and I knew him to be so honest a man, that I could not reject this proposal; the thirst I had of seeing the world,

Korean engagement: 약혼, 고용, 약속, 초빙, 용무, 교전, 맞물림, 연대성, 일, 계약. experienced: 노련한, 경험을 가진, 체 험된, 경험있는, 숙련된. formerly: 이전에, 전에, 먼저, 옛날에, 원래는, 지난날. friendship: 우정, 친목, 친선, 교우, 벗 으로서 사귐, 벗으로서의 사귐. hearing: 청력, 듣기, 들어주기, 들리는 거리, 청각, 경청, 가청거리, 청위, 청 취, 들리는 범위, 심문.

honest: 정직한, 섞지않은, 성실한, 진 짜의, 평판이 좋은, 거짓이 없는, 기특 한. least: 하다못해, 가장적게, 최소, 가장 적게, 가장 작은. owner: 임자, 소유자, 화주. proposal: 신청, 청혼, 계획, 제안. reject: 거절하다, 토하다, 물리치다, 받 지 않다, 버리다, 거부된 사람, 흠 있 는 물건, 퇴짜놓다, 불합격자, 받아들 이지 않다, 거절된 것.

repeating: 연발하는, 반복하는, 순환 하는, 되풀이하는. salary: 봉급, 월급, 에게 봉급을 주다, 급료. ship: 수송하다, 배, 을 배에 싣다, 배에 타다, 배로 가다, 설비하다, 전 승무원 , 쫓아버리다, 파도를 뒤집어 쓰다, 함 , 선원으로 고용하다. stout: 뚱뚱한, 튼튼한, 용감한, 살찐, 흑맥주, 억센, 비만형의 옷, 끄떡도 않 는, 독한, 스타우트.

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notwithstanding my past misfortunes, continuing as violent as ever. The only difficulty that remained, was to persuade my wife, whose consent however I at last obtained, by the prospect of advantage she proposed to her children.% We set out the 5th day of August, 1706, and arrived at Fort St. George the 11th of April, 1707. We staid there three weeks to refresh our crew, many of whom were sick. From thence we went to Tonquin, where the captain resolved to continue some time, because many of the goods he intended to buy were not ready, nor could he expect to be dispatched in several months. Therefore, in hopes to defray some of the charges he must be at, he bought a sloop, loaded it with several sorts of goods, wherewith the Tonquinese usually trade to the neighbouring islands, and putting fourteen men on board, whereof three were of the country, he appointed me master of the sloop, and gave me power to traffic, while he transacted his affairs at Tonquin. We had not sailed above three days, when a great storm arising, we were driven five days to the north-north-east, and then to the east: after which we had fair weather, but still with a pretty strong gale from the west. Upon the tenth day we were chased by two pirates, who soon overtook us; for my sloop was so deep laden, that she sailed very slow, neither were we in a condition to defend ourselves. We were boarded about the same time by both the pirates, who entered furiously at the head of their men; but finding us all prostrate upon our faces (for so I gave order), they pinioned us with strong ropes, and setting guard upon us, went to search the sloop. I observed among them a Dutchman, who seemed to be of some authority, though he was not commander of either ship. He knew us by our countenances to be Englishmen, and jabbering to us in his own language, swore we should be tied back to back and thrown into the sea. I spoken Dutch tolerably well; I told him who we were, and begged him, in consideration of our being Christians and Protestants, of neighbouring countries in strict alliance, that he would move the captains to take some pity on us. This inflamed his rage; he repeated his

Korean defray: 지불하다, 부담하다. fourteen: 네째의, 네째로, 십사, 열넷, 제 4. furiously: 미친듯이 노하여, 맹렬히. inflamed: 염증을 일으킨, 충혈한, 얼 굴이 빨개진, 흥분한. intended: 고의의, 약혼자, 계획된, 미 래의, 의도된, 미래의 남편, 예정된. loaded: 탄알을 잰, 감정적이 된, 납을 박은, 짐실은, 취한, 화약을잰, 의미 심장한, 다른 것을 섞은, 만취한, 박은

, 술 따위 다른 것을 섞은. 하다, 쓰러뜨리다. persuade: 납득시키다, 주장하다, 설복 refresh: 원기를 회복하다, 새롭게하다, 하다, 설득하다. 새로 고침, 청산하게하다, 새 것 처럼 pinioned: 의 날개 끝을 자르는. 만들다, 다시 활활 타게하다, 상쾌하 pity: 동정, 연민, 애석한 일, 가엾게 여 게 하다, 새로이 공급하다, 원기를 회 기다, 유감의 원인-가엾게 여기다, 가 복시키다, 충전하다, 보급하다. 엾게 생각하다, 불쌍히 생각하다, 불 sloop: 외대박이 돛배, 슬루프형의 범 쌍함. 선. prostrate: 엎드린, 넘어뜨리다, 패배한 tenth: 운량 단위 기수, 열번째로, 열번 , 넘어진, 굴복시키다, 부복한, 엎드리 째의 것, 열번째의 사람, 제 10, 제십, 다, 항복시키다, 포복성의, 쇠약하게 제십의.

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threatenings, and turning to his companions, spoke with great vehemence in the Japanese language, as I suppose, often using the word Christianos.% The largest of the two pirate ships was commanded by a Japanese captain, who spoke a little Dutch, but very imperfectly. He came up to me, and after several questions, which I answered in great humility, he said, “we should not die.” I made the captain a very low bow, and then, turning to the Dutchman, said, “I was sorry to find more mercy in a heathen, than in a brother christian.” But I had soon reason to repent those foolish words: for that malicious reprobate, having often endeavoured in vain to persuade both the captains that I might be thrown into the sea (which they would not yield to, after the promise made me that I should not die), however, prevailed so far, as to have a punishment inflicted on me, worse, in all human appearance, than death itself. My men were sent by an equal division into both the pirate ships, and my sloop new manned. As to myself, it was determined that I should be set adrift in a small canoe, with paddles and a sail, and four days’ provisions; which last, the Japanese captain was so kind to double out of his own stores, and would permit no man to search me. I got down into the canoe, while the Dutchman, standing upon the deck, loaded me with all the curses and injurious terms his language could afford. About an hour before we saw the pirates I had taken an observation, and found we were in the latitude of 46 N. and longitude of 183. When I was at some distance from the pirates, I discovered, by my pocket-glass, several islands to the south-east. I set up my sail, the wind being fair, with a design to reach the nearest of those islands, which I made a shift to do, in about three hours. It was all rocky: however I got many birds’ eggs; and, striking fire, I kindled some heath and dry sea-weed, by which I roasted my eggs. I ate no other supper, being resolved to spare my provisions as much as I could. I passed the night under the shelter of a rock, strewing some heath under me, and slept pretty well. The next day I sailed to another island, and thence to a third and fourth, sometimes using my sail, and sometimes my paddles. But, not to trouble the reader with a particular account of my distresses, let it suffice, that on the fifth

Korean canoe: 카누, 카누를 젓다, 카누로 가다 , 마상이, 카누를 젖다, 통나무 배. heath: 히스, 히스가 무성한 돌. heathen: 이교도, 미개한, 이교의, 미개 인, 불신자, 무종교자, 이교도의, 이단 의, 이방인. humility: 겸손, 겸허. injurious: 해로운, 모욕적인, 부당한, 유해한, 부정한사람을 헤치는, 불법의 , 중상적인, 불법인. manned: 유인의, 사람이 탄, 사람을

태운. pirate: 약탈하다, 해적, 침해자, 저작권 을 침해하다, 훔치는 사람, 약탈자, 저 작권, 해적짓을 하다, 해적질하다, 약 탈자-해적짓을 하다, 표절자. repent: 후회하다, 포복성의, 기어다니 는, 뉘우치다, 유감으로 생각하다, 회 개하다, 유감스럽게 생각하다. reprobate: 비난하다, 사악한, 저버리 다, 타락한, 신에게 버림 받은, 절개없 는, 타락자, 하는님의 버림을 받은, 거

부하다, 하느님의 버림을 받은 사람, 꾸짖다. rocky: 바위가 많은, 불안정한, 완고한, 흔들흔들하는, 암석으로 된, 바위많은 , 태연한, 암석질의, 비슬거리는, 불안 한, 바위의. vehemence: 격렬함, 맹위, 열렬, 맹렬 함, 격정. yield: 주다, 양도하다, 가져오다, 허락 하다, 산출하다, 생산하다, 생기게 하 다, 휘다, 따르다, 수확, 수율.

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day I arrived at the last island in my sight, which lay south-south-east to the former.% This island was at a greater distance than I expected, and I did not reach it in less than five hours. I encompassed it almost round, before I could find a convenient place to land in; which was a small creek, about three times the wideness of my canoe. I found the island to be all rocky, only a little intermingled with tufts of grass, and sweet-smelling herbs. I took out my small provisions and after having refreshed myself, I secured the remainder in a cave, whereof there were great numbers; I gathered plenty of eggs upon the rocks, and got a quantity of dry sea-weed, and parched grass, which I designed to kindle the next day, and roast my eggs as well as I could, for I had about me my flint, steel, match, and burning-glass. I lay all night in the cave where I had lodged my provisions. My bed was the same dry grass and sea-weed which I intended for fuel. I slept very little, for the disquiets of my mind prevailed over my weariness, and kept me awake. I considered how impossible it was to preserve my life in so desolate a place, and how miserable my end must be: yet found myself so listless and desponding, that I had not the heart to rise; and before I could get spirits enough to creep out of my cave, the day was far advanced. I walked awhile among the rocks: the sky was perfectly clear, and the sun so hot, that I was forced to turn my face from it: when all on a sudden it became obscure, as I thought, in a manner very different from what happens by the interposition of a cloud. I turned back, and perceived a vast opaque body between me and the sun moving forwards towards the island: it seemed to be about two miles high, and hid the sun six or seven minutes; but I did not observe the air to be much colder, or the sky more darkened, than if I had stood under the shade of a mountain. As it approached nearer over the place where I was, it appeared to be a firm substance, the bottom flat, smooth, and shining very bright, from the reflection of the sea below. I stood upon a height about two hundred yards from the shore, and saw this vast body descending almost to a parallel with me, at less than an English mile distance. I took out my pocket perspective, and could plainly discover numbers of people moving up and down the sides of it, which appeared to be sloping; but what those people where doing I was not able to distinguish.

Korean cave: 동굴, 굴, 꺼지다, 녹초가 되다, 정부에 대한 간섭 허용주의, 사이에 하다. 동굴로 만들다, 움푹 들어가게 하다, 넣음, 중재에 나서다, 사이에 들어가 opaque: 불투명한, 우둔한, 충충한, 광 탈당, 함몰, 굴복하다, 탈당-함몰하다 다, 사이에 끼우다. 택없는, 광택이 없는, 불투명체, 전기 , 항복시키다. listless: 무관심한, 께느른한, 냉담한, 따위에 대한 부전도성의, 열 따위에 desponding: 기죽은, 낙담하여. 느른한, 열의없는, 노곤한, 마음이 내 대한 부전도성의, 부전도성의. flint: 부싯돌, 아주 단단한, 아주 단단 키지 않는. parched: 목이 마른, 목마른, 구운, 바 한 물건, 부싯돌 같은, 냉혹한, 고집 obscure: 덮어 감추다, 불명료한, 어둡 짝 마른, 볶은, 지면 따위 말라 있는, 센, 라이터돌, 아주 딴딴한 물건, 라이 게 하다, 어두운, 세상에 알려지지 않 말라 있는, 목이 칼칼하게 마른. 터 돌. 은, 모호한, 눈에 띄지 않는, 거무칙칙 roast: 불고기, 굽기, 구워지다, 굽다, interposition: 간섭, 중재, 조정, 제기 한, 뚜렷하지 않은, 명성 따위의빛을 데우다, 구운, 조롱, 볶다, 익히다, 심 하다, 말참견하다, 개재, 각주의 연방 잃게 하다, 발음 따위를 불명료하게 한 조롱, 생선을굽다.

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The%natural love of life gave me some inward motion of joy, and I was ready to entertain a hope that this adventure might, some way or other, help to deliver me from the desolate place and condition I was in. But at the same time the reader can hardly conceive my astonishment, to behold an island in the air, inhabited by men, who were able (as it should seem) to raise or sink, or put it into progressive motion, as they pleased. But not being at that time in a disposition to philosophise upon this phenomenon, I rather chose to observe what course the island would take, because it seemed for awhile to stand still. Yet soon after, it advanced nearer, and I could see the sides of it encompassed with several gradations of galleries, and stairs, at certain intervals, to descend from one to the other. In the lowest gallery, I beheld some people fishing with long angling rods, and others looking on. I waved my cap (for my hat was long since worn out) and my handkerchief toward the island; and upon its nearer approach, I called and shouted with the utmost strength of my voice; and then looking circumspectly, I beheld a crowd gather to that side which was most in my view. I found by their pointing towards me and to each other, that they plainly discovered me, although they made no return to my shouting. But I could see four or five men running in great haste, up the stairs, to the top of the island, who then disappeared. I happened rightly to conjecture, that these were sent for orders to some person in authority upon this occasion. The number of people increased, and, in less than half all hour, the island was moved and raised in such a manner, that the lowest gallery appeared in a parallel of less then a hundred yards distance from the height where I stood. I then put myself in the most supplicating posture, and spoke in the humblest accent, but received no answer. Those who stood nearest over against me, seemed to be persons of distinction, as I supposed by their habit. They conferred earnestly with each other, looking often upon me. At length one of them called out in a clear, polite, smooth dialect, not unlike in sound to the Italian: and therefore I returned an answer in that language, hoping at least that the cadence might be more agreeable to his ears. Although neither of us understood the other, yet my meaning was easily known, for the people saw the distress I was in.

Korean accent: 악센트, 강조, 어조, 말, 말투, 어들이기, 긴장시키다, 증가하다, 내 사투리, 음성, 강음, 강하게 하다, 시 다, 찌푸리다, 짜내다, 수금, 추측하다 구, 사트리. . angling: 낚시질. inward: 내적인, 안으로, 내장, 내부, cadence: 운율, 억양, 보조, 소리, 악장 내부의, 낮은, 창자, 안의, 내심, 마음 의 종지법, 종지법, 분가의 가계. 의, 수입의. chose: 재산, 물, 물건. polite: 공손한, 세련된, 품위 있는, 예 circumspectly: 신중하게, 주의 깊게. 절 바른, 문장 따위 세련된, 고상한. earnestly: 진지하게, 진정으로, 진심으 progressive: 누진적인, 전진하는, 진보 로, 열심히. 당원, 진보주의의, 진보론자, 진행형 gather: 채집하다, 모으다, 개더, 거두 의-진보론자, 점진성의, 진보주의자,

진보하는. rightly: 바르게, 정확히, 정당하게, 틀 림없이, 정당히, 마땅히, 당연히, 정말 로, 적당히. shouting: 외침, 환호, 고함 소리. sink: 쇠약해지다, 내려앉다, 낮추다, 가라앉히다, 지다, 스며들다, 몰락하 다, 침몰하다, 숙이다, 쑥 빠지다, 우 묵해지다. worn: 녹초가 된, 낡아 빠진, 닳아빠진 .

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They made signs for me to come down from the rock, and go towards the shore, which I accordingly did; and the flying island being raised to a convenient height, the verge directly over me, a chain was let down from the lowest gallery, with a seat fastened to the bottom, to which I fixed myself, and was drawn up by pulleys.%

Korean accordingly: 따라서, 그러므로, 그에 응고한. 형, 대초원속의 삼림지, 세포군, 안전 따라서, 적절히, 그에 알맞게. flying: 나는 듯이 빠른, 나는, 질주, 비 지대, 안전지대. bottom: 기초, 밑바닥, 바닥의, 근거로 행, 공중에 뜨는, 급히 서두르는, 솜나 rock: 암석, 바위, 암초, 흔들리다, 흔들 하다, 기초를두다, 밑, 바다 밑, 바닥, 부랑이, 공중에 떠도는, 흩날리는 것, 어 움직이다, 동요하다, 암반, 돌, 동 바닥을 대다, 배밑, 원인. 펄럭이는, 뛰어 달아나는. 요 움직이다, 애무하다, 화근. chain: 쇠사슬, 연쇄, 굴레, 측쇄, 속박, gallery: 회랑, 갱도, 화랑, 넓은 복도, seat: 자리, 의석, 좌석, 소재지, 예약석, 체인, 목걸이, 차꼬, 일련, 회로, 사슬 노대, 특별석, 꼭대기 관람석의 관객, 의자, 왕권, 승마자세, 왕위, 의원의 로 연결하다. 맨 위층 관람석, 맨 위층 보통 관람석, 지위, 의자의 재료. fixed: 부정하게 결정된, 응고된, 짬짜 복도, 실내 사격 연습장. verge: 가장자리, 기울다, 경계, 한계, 미의, 고정된, 내밀히 결정된, 결정된, island: 섬, 섬 비슷한 것, 섬으로 만들 끝, 바싹 다가가다, 에 직면하다, 에 충분히 마련되어, 충분히 지급되어, 다, 섬의, 사령탑, 고립된 언덕, 수동 향하다, 접하다, 가, 향하다.

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%II

[The humours and dispositions of the Laputians described. An account of their learning. Of the king and his court. The author’s reception there. The inhabitants subject to fear and disquietudes. An account of the women.]

At my alighting, I was surrounded with a crowd of people, but those who stood nearest seemed to be of better quality. They beheld me with all the marks and circumstances of wonder; neither indeed was I much in their debt, having never till then seen a race of mortals so singular in their shapes, habits, and countenances. Their heads were all reclined, either to the right, or the left; one of their eyes turned inward, and the other directly up to the zenith. Their outward garments were adorned with the figures of suns, moons, and stars; interwoven with those of fiddles, flutes, harps, trumpets, guitars, harpsichords, and many other instruments of music, unknown to us in Europe. I observed, here and there, many in the habit of servants, with a blown bladder, fastened like a flail to the end of a stick, which they carried in their hands. In each bladder was a small quantity of dried peas, or little pebbles, as I was afterwards informed. With these bladders, they now and then flapped the mouths and ears of those who stood near them, of which practice I could not then conceive the meaning. It seems the minds of these people are so taken up with intense speculations, that they neither can speak, nor attend to the discourses of others, without being roused

Korean alighting: 빛나는 것. attend: 간호하다, 출석하다, 모시다, 섬기다, 수행하다, 주의하여듣다, 다 니다, 유의하다, 참석하다, 주의하다, 전렴하다. bladder: 방광, 부레, 수포, 신문, 해초 등의 기포, 바람 주머니, 기포, 부푼 것. crowd: 패거리, 군중, 다수, 떼쓰다, 부 대, 군집하다, 들어차게 하다, 꽉 들어 차다, 녀석, 몰려들다, 밀치락달치락

하며 들어가다. dried: 건조한. flail: 도리깨, 도리깨질하다, 격렬하게 움직이다, 휘두르다. garments: 옷. habits: 버릇, 습관. intense: 격렬한, 열심인, 매우 짙은, 정 렬적인, 열정적인, 노력적인, 감정적 인, 긴장된, 강한, 심한. quantity: 다량, 분량, 양, 수량, 다량으 로, 다수, 어떤 특정의 분량, 양적인,

양을 나타낸는 숫자, 양을 나타낸는 부호. reception: 환영, 응접, 수령, 수리, 수 용, 평판, 반응, 용인, 청취, 접수처, 접대. stars: 별빛. stick: 붙이다, 찌르다, 잔가지, 조종간, 단장, 나무토막, 지팡이 멍청이, 연속 무하 폭탄, 고착 시키다, 엄청난 값을 부르다, 걸리게 하다. zenith: 절정, 천정, 정점, 극도.

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by some external taction upon the organs of speech and hearing; for which reason, those persons who are able to afford it always keep a flapper (the original is climenole) in their family, as one of their domestics; nor ever walk abroad, or make visits, without him. And the business of this officer is, when two, three, or more persons are in company, gently to strike with his bladder the mouth of him who is to speak, and the right ear of him or them to whom the speaker addresses himself. This flapper is likewise employed diligently to attend his master in his walks, and upon occasion to give him a soft flap on his eyes; because he is always so wrapped up in cogitation, that he is in manifest danger of falling down every precipice, and bouncing his head against every post; and in the streets, of justling others, or being justled himself into the kennel.% It was necessary to give the reader this information, without which he would be at the same loss with me to understand the proceedings of these people, as they conducted me up the stairs to the top of the island, and from thence to the royal palace. While we were ascending, they forgot several times what they were about, and left me to myself, till their memories were again roused by their flappers; for they appeared altogether unmoved by the sight of my foreign habit and countenance, and by the shouts of the vulgar, whose thoughts and minds were more disengaged. At last we entered the palace, and proceeded into the chamber of presence, where I saw the king seated on his throne, attended on each side by persons of prime quality. Before the throne, was a large table filled with globes and spheres, and mathematical instruments of all kinds. His majesty took not the least notice of us, although our entrance was not without sufficient noise, by the concourse of all persons belonging to the court. But he was then deep in a problem; and we attended at least an hour, before he could solve it. There stood by him, on each side, a young page with flaps in their hands, and when they saw he was at leisure, one of them gently struck his mouth, and the other his right ear; at which he startled like one awaked on the sudden, and looking towards me and the company I was in, recollected the occasion of our coming, whereof he had been informed before. He spoke some words, whereupon immediately a young man

Korean addresses: 구애. disengaged: 약속이 없는, 한가한, 자 ascending: 올라가는, 상승적인, 오르 유로운, 풀린, 예약이 없는. 는, 위를 향한. flap: 흥분, 보조익, 날개를 퍼덕이다, belonging: 소지품, 성질, 재산, 재능, 날개침, 펄럭거리다, 늘어진 것, 찰싹 친척, 친숙함, 친밀감, 친밀, 부속물, 때리다, 펄럭임, 축 늘어지다, 찰싹, 귀속 의식, 귀속. 축 늘어진 물건. bouncing: 거대한, 강한, 원기왕성한, flapper: 파리채, 주의 등을 환기시키 기운찬, 튀는, 잘 튀는, 씩씩한, 허풍 는 사람, 말광량이, 가볍게치는 사람, 떠는, 기운 좋은, 척력. 경첩달린 문짝, 기억, 플래퍼, 퍼덕이 cogitation: 사고, 숙고, 고안, 명상, 사 는 것, 어린 소녀, 툭 치는 물건, 가볍 고력, 생각. 게 치는 물건.

precipice: 절벽, 벼랑. recollected: 냉정한, 침착한, 추억의, 차분한, 묵상에 잠긴, 생각난. seated: 걸상이 ~한, 앉는 부분이 ~한, 엉덩이가~한. startled: 놀란. taction: 접촉. throne: 왕좌, 왕위, 옥좌, 왕권, 교황의 자리, 즉위시키다, 왕좌에 앉히다, 교 황의 성좌, 좌품천사, 군주, 왕위에 앉 다.

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with%a flap came up to my side, and flapped me gently on the right ear; but I made signs, as well as I could, that I had no occasion for such an instrument; which, as I afterwards found, gave his majesty, and the whole court, a very mean opinion of my understanding. The king, as far as I could conjecture, asked me several questions, and I addressed myself to him in all the languages I had. When it was found I could neither understand nor be understood, I was conducted by his order to an apartment in his palace (this prince being distinguished above all his predecessors for his hospitality to strangers), where two servants were appointed to attend me. My dinner was brought, and four persons of quality, whom I remembered to have seen very near the king’s person, did me the honour to dine with me. We had two courses, of three dishes each. In the first course, there was a shoulder of mutton cut into an equilateral triangle, a piece of beef into a rhomboides, and a pudding into a cycloid. The second course was two ducks trussed up in the form of fiddles; sausages and puddings resembling flutes and hautboys, and a breast of veal in the shape of a harp. The servants cut our bread into cones, cylinders, parallelograms, and several other mathematical figures. While we were at dinner, I made bold to ask the names of several things in their language, and those noble persons, by the assistance of their flappers, delighted to give me answers, hoping to raise my admiration of their great abilities if I could be brought to converse with them. I was soon able to call for bread and drink, or whatever else I wanted. After dinner my company withdrew, and a person was sent to me by the king’s order, attended by a flapper. He brought with him pen, ink, and paper, and three or four books, giving me to understand by signs, that he was sent to teach me the language. We sat together four hours, in which time I wrote down a great number of words in columns, with the translations over against them; I likewise made a shift to learn several short sentences; for my tutor would order one of my servants to fetch something, to turn about, to make a bow, to sit, or to stand, or walk, and the like. Then I took down the sentence in writing. He showed me also, in one of his books, the figures of the sun, moon, and stars, the

Korean beef: 쇠고기, 근육, 건장한, 뚱뚱한, 체 력, 완력-불평을 하다, 완력, 불평하 다, 불평을 하다, 불평, 육우. columns: 열. cycloid: 파선, 사이클로이드, 원린어, 원린어과의, 원형의. distinguished: 저명한, 고귀한, 상류 의, 뛰어난, 수훈의, 기품 있는, 두드 러진. ducks: 즈크 바지. equilateral: 등변형, 등변의, 등변.

harp: 하프, 하프를 타다, 몇번이고 되 뇌다, 거문고자리, 수금, 되풀이해서 지껄이다. hospitality: 환대, 후대, 친절한 대접, 친절히 대접하기. pen: 펜, 쓰다, 우리, 축사, 우리에 넣다 , 구치소, 가두다, 백조의 암컷, 문체, 울타리속에 넣다, 편지 따위를 쓰다. pudding: 푸딩, 소시지의 일종, 푸딩처 럼 말랑말랑한 것, 실리, 실익헛 칭찬, 살이 찌고 키가 작은 남자, 물질적 보

수. triangle: 트라이앵글, 삼각자, 삼각자 리, 삼각, 삼각형, 삼각 기중기, 삼각 형틀, 삼인조. tutor: 억제하다, 후견인, 가정 교사, 개 인 지도 교사 노릇을 하다, 개인 지도 교사, 강사, 지도하다, 가정 교사로서 가르치다, 개인 교수를 받다, 가정 교 사 노릇을 하다, 개인 가정 교사로서 지도하다. veal: 송아지 고기.

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zodiac, the tropics, and polar circles, together with the denominations of many plains and solids. He gave me the names and descriptions of all the musical instruments, and the general terms of art in playing on each of them. After he had left me, I placed all my words, with their interpretations, in alphabetical order. And thus, in a few days, by the help of a very faithful memory, I got some insight into their language. The word, which I interpret the flying or floating island, is in the original Laputa, whereof I could never learn the true etymology. Lap, in the old obsolete language, signifies high; and untuh, a governor; from which they say, by corruption, was derived Laputa, from Lapuntuh. But I do not approve of this derivation, which seems to be a little strained. I ventured to offer to the learned among them a conjecture of my own, that Laputa was quasi lap outed; lap, signifying properly, the dancing of the sunbeams in the sea, and outed, a wing; which, however, I shall not obtrude, but submit to the judicious reader.% Those to whom the king had entrusted me, observing how ill I was clad, ordered a tailor to come next morning, and take measure for a suit of clothes. This operator did his office after a different manner from those of his trade in Europe. He first took my altitude by a quadrant, and then, with a rule and compasses, described the dimensions and outlines of my whole body, all which he entered upon paper; and in six days brought my clothes very ill made, and quite out of shape, by happening to mistake a figure in the calculation. But my comfort was, that I observed such accidents very frequent, and little regarded. During my confinement for want of clothes, and by an indisposition that held me some days longer, I much enlarged my dictionary; and when I went next to court, was able to understand many things the king spoke, and to return him some kind of answers. His majesty had given orders, that the island should move north-east and by east, to the vertical point over Lagado, the metropolis of the whole kingdom below, upon the firm earth. It was about ninety leagues distant, and our voyage lasted four days and a half. I was not in the least sensible of the progressive motion made in the air by the island. On the second morning, about eleven o’clock, the king himself in person, attended by his nobility, courtiers, and

Korean alphabetical: 알파벳의. approve: 찬성하다, 시인하다, 실증하 다, 인가하다, 마음에들다, 승인하다, 보여주다-시인하다, 보여주다, 좋다 고 인정하다, 수락하다, 임을 보이다. dancing: 무도, 춤, 댄스 홀, 무도장, 댄 스 연습, 댄스. derivation: 유래, 유도, 기원, 파생, 끌 어냄, 파생물. etymology: 어원학, 어원, 어원 연구. floating: 유동하는, 떠있는, 부동하는,

부동적인, 변동하는, 부동, 부유, 유리 성의, 해상에 있는, 떠 있는. indisposition: 기분이 언짢음, 싫증, 병, 마음이 내키지않음, 알맞지 않음, 부적당, 마음이 내키지 않음. obsolete: 쓸모없이 된, 안쓰는, 구식의 , 시대에 뒤떨어진, 퇴화한, 스러진. obtrude: 떠맡기다, 주제넘게 나서다, 억지로 시키다. outlines: 요점. plains: 평지, 야지.

polar: 정반대의 성질의, 이온화한, 극 의, 극지의, 전극의, 행동 따위 정반대 의, 극선의, 극선, 경향 따위 정반대의 , 북극의, 자석 따위 극을 가진. quasi: 준, 유사, 어떤 의미에서, 어떤 의미에서의. tailor: 재봉사, 양복점을 경영하다, 짓 다, 양복장이, 옷이 날개, 양복을 짓다 , 맞추어 만들다, 재단사. tropics: 열대지방. zodiac: 일주, 황도대, 수대, 십이궁도.

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officers, having prepared all their musical instruments, played on them for three hours without intermission, so that I was quite stunned with the noise; neither could I possibly guess the meaning, till my tutor informed me. He said that, the people of their island had their ears adapted to hear “the music of the spheres, which always played at certain periods, and the court was now prepared to bear their part, in whatever instrument they most excelled.” In our journey towards Lagado, the capital city, his majesty ordered that the island should stop over certain towns and villages, from whence he might receive the petitions of his subjects. And to this purpose, several packthreads were let down, with small weights at the bottom. On these packthreads the people strung their petitions, which mounted up directly, like the scraps of paper fastened by school boys at the end of the string that holds their kite. Sometimes we received wine and victuals from below, which were drawn up by pulleys.% The knowledge I had in mathematics, gave me great assistance in acquiring their phraseology, which depended much upon that science, and music; and in the latter I was not unskilled. Their ideas are perpetually conversant in lines and figures. If they would, for example, praise the beauty of a woman, or any other animal, they describe it by rhombs, circles, parallelograms, ellipses, and other geometrical terms, or by words of art drawn from music, needless here to repeat. I observed in the king’s kitchen all sorts of mathematical and musical instruments, after the figures of which they cut up the joints that were served to his majesty’s table. Their houses are very ill built, the walls bevil, without one right angle in any apartment; and this defect arises from the contempt they bear to practical geometry, which they despise as vulgar and mechanic; those instructions they give being too refined for the intellects of their workmen, which occasions perpetual mistakes. And although they are dexterous enough upon a piece of paper, in the management of the rule, the pencil, and the divider, yet in the common actions and behaviour of life, I have not seen a more clumsy, awkward, and unhandy people, nor so slow and perplexed in their conceptions upon all other subjects, except those of mathematics and music. They are very bad

Korean clumsy: 꼴사나운, 다루기 힘든, 쓰기 불편한, 볼품없는, 재치 없는, 어색한, 솜씨시없는, 무뚝뚝한, 모양없는, 서 투른, 모양 없는. conversant: 친교가 있는, 밝은, 친한, 잘알고있는, 정통한. divider: 분할자, 간막이, 분배자, 분열 의 원인, 분할기. geometrical: 기하학적도형의, 기하학 의. geometry: 기하학, 기하학책, 기하학서

. intellects: 지력. intermission: 중지, 중절, 휴게, 막간, 휴게 시간, 막간에연주되는 곡, 휴식 시간. mechanic: 직공, 기계공, 직공의, 기계 적인, 기계역학의, 기계상의, 기계학 의, 기계의. pencil: 연필, 화필, 광속, 연필로 쓴, 연필로 그리다, 광속선, 연필 모양의 물건, 연필로 쓰다.

periods: 미문. perplexed: 당황한, 난처한, 복잡한, 어 찌할 바를 모르는, 골치 아픈. phraseology: 어법, 말. refined: 세련된, 우아한, 미묘한, 정제 된, 정확한, 정련한, 정교한, 엄정한, 정묘한, 품위있는, 정제한. unhandy: 손재주가 없는, 다루기 거북 한, 다루기 불편한. unskilled: 익숙하지못한, 숙련이필요 치않은, 숙달하지 않은.

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reasoners, and vehemently given to opposition, unless when they happen to be of the right opinion, which is seldom their case. Imagination, fancy, and invention, they are wholly strangers to, nor have any words in their language, by which those ideas can be expressed; the whole compass of their thoughts and mind being shut up within the two forementioned sciences.% Most of them, and especially those who deal in the astronomical part, have great faith in judicial astrology, although they are ashamed to own it publicly. But what I chiefly admired, and thought altogether unaccountable, was the strong disposition I observed in them towards news and politics, perpetually inquiring into public affairs, giving their judgments in matters of state, and passionately disputing every inch of a party opinion. I have indeed observed the same disposition among most of the mathematicians I have known in Europe, although I could never discover the least analogy between the two sciences; unless those people suppose, that because the smallest circle has as many degrees as the largest, therefore the regulation and management of the world require no more abilities than the handling and turning of a globe; but I rather take this quality to spring from a very common infirmity of human nature, inclining us to be most curious and conceited in matters where we have least concern, and for which we are least adapted by study or nature. These people are under continual disquietudes, never enjoying a minutes peace of mind; and their disturbances proceed from causes which very little affect the rest of mortals. Their apprehensions arise from several changes they dread in the celestial bodies: for instance, that the earth, by the continual approaches of the sun towards it, must, in course of time, be absorbed, or swallowed up; that the face of the sun, will, by degrees, be encrusted with its own effluvia, and give no more light to the world; that the earth very narrowly escaped a brush from the tail of the last comet, which would have infallibly reduced it to ashes; and that the next, which they have calculated for one-andthirty years hence, will probably destroy us. For if, in its perihelion, it should approach within a certain degree of the sun (as by their calculations they have reason to dread) it will receive a degree of heat ten thousand times more intense

Korean absorbed: 열중한, 마음을 빼앗긴, 흡 수된, 병합된, 여념 없는. analogy: 유추, 유사, 상사, 유추법, 등 비, 유비. astrology: 점성학, 점성술. astronomical: 천문학적인, 천문학상의 , 거대한, 기록적인, 천문의. brush: 브러시, 솔, 꼬리, 솔질하다, 스 치다, 질주, 숲, 비비다, 작은 가지, 털 다, 질주하다. comet: 혜성, 살별.

conceited: 자부심이 강한, 변덕스러운 , 젠체하는, 뽐내는. destroy: 멸하다, 파괴하다, 폐하다, 죽 이다, 망치다, 논파하다, 소실시키다. dread: 공포, 두려움, 두려워하다, 걱정 하다, 격정하다, 무서운 물건, 무서운 사람. handling: 취급, 수법, 조종, 손에 대기 , 운용, 처리, 손을 댐. infirmity: 허약, 약점, 병약, 병, 결점, 연약, 질병, 질환, 결함.

passionately: 열렬히, 격노하여, 격심 하게. perihelion: 근일점. proceed: 나아가다, 계속하다, 발생하 다, 생기다, 착수하다, 시작하다, 매상 고, 처분하다, 속행하다, 수입, 소송 절차를 밟다. publicly: 여론으로, 공공연히, 공공연 하게. unaccountable: 설명할 수 없는, 까닭 을 알 수 없는, 책임이 없는.

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than that of red hot glowing iron, and in its absence from the sun, carry a blazing tail ten hundred thousand and fourteen miles long, through which, if the earth should pass at the distance of one hundred thousand miles from the nucleus, or main body of the comet, it must in its passage be set on fire, and reduced to ashes: that the sun, daily spending its rays without any nutriment to supply them, will at last be wholly consumed and annihilated; which must be attended with the destruction of this earth, and of all the planets that receive their light from it.% They are so perpetually alarmed with the apprehensions of these, and the like impending dangers, that they can neither sleep quietly in their beds, nor have any relish for the common pleasures and amusements of life. When they meet an acquaintance in the morning, the first question is about the sun’s health, how he looked at his setting and rising, and what hopes they have to avoid the stroke of the approaching comet. This conversation they are apt to run into with the same temper that boys discover in delighting to hear terrible stories of spirits and hobgoblins, which they greedily listen to, and dare not go to bed for fear. The women of the island have abundance of vivacity: they, contemn their husbands, and are exceedingly fond of strangers, whereof there is always a considerable number from the continent below, attending at court, either upon affairs of the several towns and corporations, or their own particular occasions, but are much despised, because they want the same endowments. Among these the ladies choose their gallants: but the vexation is, that they act with too much ease and security; for the husband is always so rapt in speculation, that the mistress and lover may proceed to the greatest familiarities before his face, if he be but provided with paper and implements, and without his flapper at his side. The wives and daughters lament their confinement to the island, although I think it the most delicious spot of ground in the world; and although they live here in the greatest plenty and magnificence, and are allowed to do whatever they please, they long to see the world, and take the diversions of the metropolis, which they are not allowed to do without a particular license from the king; and this is not easy to be obtained, because the people of quality have found, by

Korean attending: 주치의인, 대학 부속병원에 의사로서 근무하는. contemn: 경멸하다, 모멸하다. delicious: 맛있는, 멜리셔스, 유쾌한멜리셔스, 유쾌한, 상쾌한. exceedingly: 대단히, 엄청나게, 매우, 굉장히. glowing: 백열의, 홍조된, 샛빨간, 열 렬한, 열심인, 적열하는, 백열하는 것, 백열하는, 적열하는 것. greedily: 욕심내어, 게걸스레, 게걸스

럽게. impending: 절박한, 박두한, 금세 일 어날 것 같은, 튀어나온. lament: 비탄, 슬퍼하다, 한탄하다, 비 가, 애석해 하다. nucleus: 핵, 세포핵, 원자핵, 토대, 혜 성의 핵, 기점, 심, 원자단, 중심, 중축 , 핵심. nutriment: 영양물, 음식물, 자양물. rapt: 열중한, 황홀한, 빼앗긴, 골몰한, 열심인, 황홀해 있는, 몰두한, 마음을

빼앗긴, 넋을 빼앗긴, 골똘한. relish: 조미료, 식욕, 좋아하다, 향기, 흥미, 기호, 양념, 풍미, 즐기다, 맛보 다, 기미. speculation: 투기, 추측, 사색, 공리. temper: 기분, 기질, 침착, 평정, 굳기, 되불림, 알맞은 조합정도, 적당한 정 도, 반죽하다, 부드러워지다, 되불리 다. vivacity: 생기, 활발, 쾌활, 활달, 장난, 쾌활한 행위, 까불기, 활기.

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frequent experience, how hard it is to persuade their women to return from below. I was told that a great court lady, who had several children,—is married to the prime minister, the richest subject in the kingdom, a very graceful person, extremely fond of her, and lives in the finest palace of the island,—went down to Lagado on the pretence of health, there hid herself for several months, till the king sent a warrant to search for her; and she was found in an obscure eatinghouse all in rags, having pawned her clothes to maintain an old deformed footman, who beat her every day, and in whose company she was taken, much against her will. And although her husband received her with all possible kindness, and without the least reproach, she soon after contrived to steal down again, with all her jewels, to the same gallant, and has not been heard of since.% This may perhaps pass with the reader rather for an European or English story, than for one of a country so remote. But he may please to consider, that the caprices of womankind are not limited by any climate or nation, and that they are much more uniform, than can be easily imagined. In about a month’s time, I had made a tolerable proficiency in their language, and was able to answer most of the king’s questions, when I had the honour to attend him. His majesty discovered not the least curiosity to inquire into the laws, government, history, religion, or manners of the countries where I had been; but confined his questions to the state of mathematics, and received the account I gave him with great contempt and indifference, though often roused by his flapper on each side.

Korean climate: 기후, 풍토, 사조, 사회.시대의 풍조, 풍조, 토지. eating-house: 음식점. footman: 종복, 하인, 보병, 부나비의 일종, 쇠붙이로 된 받침. gallant: 화려한, 용감한, 여성에게 친 절한, 훌륭한, 용감한 사람, 정부, 정 중한 말씨, 당당한, 상냥한 남자, 여성 에게 친절한 남자, 여성에게 친절함. indifference: 무관심한, 중립, 무차별, 중성의, 대수롭지 않은, 냉담, 개의치

않음, 시원치 않은, 중요치 않음, 공평 이다, 싸게 산 물건. 한, 무관심. uniform: 일정한 한결같은, 한결같은, proficiency: 숙달, 진보. 제복, 군인, 에게 제복을 입히다, 불변 rags: 누더기. 의, 동일 표준의, 균등한, 에게 제복을 remote: 멀리 떨어진, 외딴, 궁벽한, 아 지급하다. 득한, 미미한, 먼 옛날의, 먼, 근소한, warrant: 영장, 정당화하다, 정당한 이 원격 조작에 의한, 희미한, 스튜디오 유, 보증하다, 보증, 권능, 근거, 단언 밖에서의 방송 프로그램. 하다, 준사관 사령, 권한을 부여하다, steal: 훔치다, 도둑질하다, 도루하다, 준위. 훔침, 횡재, 도둑질, 도루, 몰래 손에 womankind: 여성. 넣다, 훔친물건, 몰래가다조용히 움직

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CHAPTER III [A%phenomenon solved by modern philosophy and astronomy. The Laputians’ great improvements in the latter. The king’s method of suppressing insurrections.]

I desired leave of this prince to see the curiosities of the island, which he was graciously pleased to grant, and ordered my tutor to attend me. I chiefly wanted to know, to what cause, in art or in nature, it owed its several motions, whereof I will now give a philosophical account to the reader. The flying or floating island is exactly circular, its diameter 7837 yards, or about four miles and a half, and consequently contains ten thousand acres. It is three hundred yards thick. The bottom, or under surface, which appears to those who view it below, is one even regular plate of adamant, shooting up to the height of about two hundred yards. Above it lie the several minerals in their usual order, and over all is a coat of rich mould, ten or twelve feet deep. The declivity of the upper surface, from the circumference to the centre, is the natural cause why all the dews and rains, which fall upon the island, are conveyed in small rivulets toward the middle, where they are emptied into four large basins, each of about half a mile in circuit, and two hundred yards distant from the centre. From these basins the water is continually exhaled by the sun in the daytime, which effectually prevents their overflowing. Besides, as it is in the

Korean adamant: 대단히 단단한, 의지가 견고 한, 견고 무비한, 단호한, 지지 않고. astronomy: 천문학, 천문학 논문, 천문 학 서적. circuit: 순회, 주위, 우회, 범위, 정기적 순회, 회로, 서킷, 다이아몬드, 체인, 회선, 흥행 계통. circular: 원형의, 회람의, 순회의, 순환 성의, 에두른, 원의, 회보, 안내장, 간 접적인, 고리 모양의, 고리모양의. continually: 빈번히, 줄곧, 계속해서,

끊임없이, 계속적으로. daytime: 주간, 낮. distant: 먼, 쌀쌀한, 어겸풋한, 에두루 는, 어렴풋한, 혈연이 먼, 거리를 두는 , 닮은 관계 등이 먼, 닮은 정도 등이 먼, 먼 데를 보는 듯한, 시간적으로 먼 . improvements: 개량, 이용. latter: 후자의, 끝의, 뒤의, 근자의, 요 즘의, 후방의. mile: 마일, 일마일 경주, 먼거리, 훨씬.

minerals: 탄산수. mould: 지면, 옥토, 곰팡이, 거푸집, 틀 에 넣어 만든 것, 형, 본뜨다, 부식토, 성격을 형성하다, 성질, 양토. overflowing: 넘쳐 흐르는. philosophical: 철학의, 이성적인, 현명 한, 철학자의. shooting: 촬영, 사격, 총사냥, 발사, 격 통, 수렵, 사출, 사냥터, 쿡쿡 쑤시는 아픔, 수렵 구역.

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power of the monarch to raise the island above the region of clouds and vapours, he can prevent the falling of dews and rain whenever he pleases. For the highest clouds cannot rise above two miles, as naturalists agree, at least they were never known to do so in that country.% At the centre of the island there is a chasm about fifty yards in diameter, whence the astronomers descend into a large dome, which is therefore called flandona gagnole, or the astronomer’s cave, situated at the depth of a hundred yards beneath the upper surface of the adamant. In this cave are twenty lamps continually burning, which, from the reflection of the adamant, cast a strong light into every part. The place is stored with great variety of sextants, quadrants, telescopes, astrolabes, and other astronomical instruments. But the greatest curiosity, upon which the fate of the island depends, is a loadstone of a prodigious size, in shape resembling a weaver’s shuttle. It is in length six yards, and in the thickest part at least three yards over. This magnet is sustained by a very strong axle of adamant passing through its middle, upon which it plays, and is poised so exactly that the weakest hand can turn it. It is hooped round with a hollow cylinder of adamant, four feet yards in diameter, placed horizontally, and supported by eight adamantine feet, each six yards high. In the middle of the concave side, there is a groove twelve inches deep, in which the extremities of the axle are lodged, and turned round as there is occasion. The stone cannot be removed from its place by any force, because the hoop and its feet are one continued piece with that body of adamant which constitutes the bottom of the island. By means of this loadstone, the island is made to rise and fall, and move from one place to another. For, with respect to that part of the earth over which the monarch presides, the stone is endued at one of its sides with an attractive power, and at the other with a repulsive. Upon placing the magnet erect, with its attracting end towards the earth, the island descends; but when the repelling extremity points downwards, the island mounts directly upwards. When the position of the stone is oblique, the motion of the island is so too: for in this magnet, the forces always act in lines parallel to its direction.

Korean adamantine: 금강석 같은, 견고 무비 한, 불굴의, 아주 견고한, 철석같은. axle: 차축, 굴대, 축, 굴대의. chasm: 단절, 빈 틈, 차이, 공백, 균열, 금, 깊게 갈라진 틈, 깊게 갈라진 폭, 결함, 깊은 구렁, 넓은 틈. concave: 요면, 오목면, 오목한, 오목하 게 하다, 오목해지다, 요면의, 오목함. extremity: 말단, 수족, 선단, 곤경, 비 상수단, 끝, 극한, 극단, 극도, 극단책, 앞끝.

hoop: 테, 후프, 버팀테, 기둥문, 굴렁 잎 따위 부등변의, 사격의, 사각의, 빗 쇠, 고생하다, 납작한 가락지, 버팀살 각의. 대, 감는 테, 활 모양의 작은 문, 에 테 repulsive: 쌀쌀한, 반발하는, 물리치는 를 두르다. , 혐오감을 일으키는, 쫓아버리는, 불 horizontally: 가로로, 수평으로, 지평 쾌한, 반향하는, 냉정한, 몹시 불쾌한. 으로. shuttle: 북, 우주 왕복선, 왕복 운동, loadstone: 천연 자석, 천연자석. 정기 왕복 버스, 정기 왕복 비행기, 정 magnet: 자석, 사람을 끄는 것, 사람을 기 왕복 열치, 정기 왕복편, 우주선, 끄는 사람. 왕복하다, 좌우로 움직이다, 왕복하는 oblique: 비스듬한, 간접의, 부정한, 부 것. 정, 비스듬히 되다, 사선, 사선면의, sustained: 지속된.

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By this oblique motion, the island is conveyed to different parts of the monarch’s dominions. To explain the manner of its progress, let A B represent a line drawn across the dominions of Balnibarbi, let the line c d represent the loadstone, of which let d be the repelling end, and c the attracting end, the island being over C: let the stone be placed in position c d, with its repelling end downwards; then the island will be driven upwards obliquely towards D. When it is arrived at D, let the stone be turned upon its axle, till its attracting end points towards E, and then the island will be carried obliquely towards E; where, if the stone be again turned upon its axle till it stands in the position E F, with its repelling point downwards, the island will rise obliquely towards F, where, by directing the attracting end towards G, the island may be carried to G, and from G to H, by turning the stone, so as to make its repelling extremity to point directly downward. And thus, by changing the situation of the stone, as often as there is occasion, the island is made to rise and fall by turns in an oblique direction, and by those alternate risings and fallings (the obliquity being not considerable) is conveyed from one part of the dominions to the other.% But it must be observed, that this island cannot move beyond the extent of the dominions below, nor can it rise above the height of four miles. For which the astronomers (who have written large systems concerning the stone) assign the following reason: that the magnetic virtue does not extend beyond the distance of four miles, and that the mineral, which acts upon the stone in the bowels of the earth, and in the sea about six leagues distant from the shore, is not diffused through the whole globe, but terminated with the limits of the king’s dominions; and it was easy, from the great advantage of such a superior situation, for a prince to bring under his obedience whatever country lay within the attraction of that magnet. When the stone is put parallel to the plane of the horizon, the island stands still; for in that case the extremities of it, being at equal distance from the earth, act with equal force, the one in drawing downwards, the other in pushing upwards, and consequently no motion can ensue.

Korean alternate: 호생의, 교류하다, 교체, 대 리교체원, 번갈아서, 번갈아서의, 교 류의, 부의, 하나씩 거른, 교대시키다, 교대의. assign: 지정하다, 할당하다, 양도하다, 명하다, 돌리다, 맡기다, 배당하다, 에 돌리다, 양수인, 배속하다, 선임하다. attraction: 인력, 흡인, 매력, 끄는 힘, 끄는힘, 련인, 흡인력, 끌어 당김, 사 람의 마음을 끄는 것, 사람끌기, 관광 명소.

bowels: 동정심이 깃드는 곳, 인정이 깃드는 곳. diffused: 확산된, 널리 퍼진. downward: 아래쪽으로, 내려가는, 이 후, 이래, 쇠잔하여, 쇠미한, 내리받이 의, 이후의, 아래쪽으로의, 쇠퇴하여, 아래로 향한. ensue: 계속해서일어나다, 을 찾다, 뒤 이어 일어 나다, 의 결과로서 일어나 다, 을 구하다. horizon: 수평선, 지평선, 범위, 시계,

한계, 시야, 지평층. mineral: 광물, 무기물, 광물의, 광물성 의. obedience: 복종, 귀의, 교회의 권위, 지배. obliquity: 경사, 부정, 부정 행위, 에두 른 말, 생각, 애매한 표현, 사각, 에두 를 말, 경사도, 경각, 바르지 못한 행 위. upwards: 향상 지향의, 에서 위쪽으로 , 위로 향하여, 이상.

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This loadstone is under the care of certain astronomers, who, from time to time, give it such positions as the monarch directs. They spend the greatest part of their lives in observing the celestial bodies, which they do by the assistance of glasses, far excelling ours in goodness. For, although their largest telescopes do not exceed three feet, they magnify much more than those of a hundred with us, and show the stars with greater clearness. This advantage has enabled them to extend their discoveries much further than our astronomers in Europe; for they have made a catalogue of ten thousand fixed stars, whereas the largest of ours do not contain above one third part of that number. They have likewise discovered two lesser stars, or satellites, which revolve about Mars; whereof the innermost is distant from the centre of the primary planet exactly three of his diameters, and the outermost, five; the former revolves in the space of ten hours, and the latter in twenty-one and a half; so that the squares of their periodical times are very near in the same proportion with the cubes of their distance from the centre of Mars; which evidently shows them to be governed by the same law of gravitation that influences the other heavenly bodies.% They have observed ninety-three different comets, and settled their periods with great exactness. If this be true (and they affirm it with great confidence) it is much to be wished, that their observations were made public, whereby the theory of comets, which at present is very lame and defective, might be brought to the same perfection with other arts of astronomy. The king would be the most absolute prince in the universe, if he could but prevail on a ministry to join with him; but these having their estates below on the continent, and considering that the office of a favourite has a very uncertain tenure, would never consent to the enslaving of their country. If any town should engage in rebellion or mutiny, fall into violent factions, or refuse to pay the usual tribute, the king has two methods of reducing them to obedience. The first and the mildest course is, by keeping the island hovering over such a town, and the lands about it, whereby he can deprive them of the benefit of the sun and the rain, and consequently afflict the inhabitants with dearth and diseases: and if the crime deserve it, they are at the same time pelted

Korean afflict: 괴롭히다. , 가장 깊은 속의. outermost: 정상의, 맨 뒤의, 맨 꼭대기 clearness: 밝기, 명료도, 방해물이 없 lame: 절름발이의, 절름발이로 만들다, 의, 가장 밖의, 가장 먼, 가장 바깥쪽 음, 밝음, 명석, 맑음, 투명, 아무렴 그 불충분한, 앞뒤가 맞지 않는, 절름발 의. 렇고말고, 확실히, 분명함. 이가 절룩거리다, 절름발이가 되다, periodical: 정기 간행물, 정기 간행의, dearth: 부족, 기근, 결핍. 운율이 불완전한, 불완전한, 불구의, 주율, 주기성, 일간 신문을 제외한 정 deprive: 빼앗다, 저해하다, 면직시키 라메. 기 간행물, 간헐적인, 단속적인, 시대 다, 파면하다, 면직하다. magnify: 확대하다, 과장하다, 칭찬하 의, 주기 운동을 하는, 도미문. glasses: 안경, 컵. 다, 증대하다, 찬미하다. revolve: 회전하다, 궁리하다, 곰곰이 gravitation: 중력, 인력, 침강, 경향, 가 mutiny: 반란을 일으키다, 반란, 반항 생각하다, 회전시키다, 순환하다, 공 라 앉기. 하다, 폭동, 반항, 폭동-반항, 폭동을 전하다, 오가다, 선회하다, 주기적으 innermost: 맨 안쪽의, 가장 깊숙한 곳 일으키다. 로 일어나다, 생각나다, 운행시키다.

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from above with great stones, against which they have no defence but by creeping into cellars or caves, while the roofs of their houses are beaten to pieces. But if they still continue obstinate, or offer to raise insurrections, he proceeds to the last remedy, by letting the island drop directly upon their heads, which makes a universal destruction both of houses and men. However, this is an extremity to which the prince is seldom driven, neither indeed is he willing to put it in execution; nor dare his ministers advise him to an action, which, as it would render them odious to the people, so it would be a great damage to their own estates, which all lie below; for the island is the king’s demesne.% But there is still indeed a more weighty reason, why the kings of this country have been always averse from executing so terrible an action, unless upon the utmost necessity. For, if the town intended to be destroyed should have in it any tall rocks, as it generally falls out in the larger cities, a situation probably chosen at first with a view to prevent such a catastrophe; or if it abound in high spires, or pillars of stone, a sudden fall might endanger the bottom or under surface of the island, which, although it consist, as I have said, of one entire adamant, two hundred yards thick, might happen to crack by too great a shock, or burst by approaching too near the fires from the houses below, as the backs, both of iron and stone, will often do in our chimneys. Of all this the people are well apprised, and understand how far to carry their obstinacy, where their liberty or property is concerned. And the king, when he is highest provoked, and most determined to press a city to rubbish, orders the island to descend with great gentleness, out of a pretence of tenderness to his people, but, indeed, for fear of breaking the adamantine bottom; in which case, it is the opinion of all their philosophers, that the loadstone could no longer hold it up, and the whole mass would fall to the ground. By a fundamental law of this realm, neither the king, nor either of his two eldest sons, are permitted to leave the island; nor the queen, till she is past childbearing.

Korean advise: 충고하다, 조언하다, 알리다, 통지하다, 통고하다, 의논하다, 권하 다, 상담하다. averse: 반대하여, 싫어하다, 싫어하여, 원줄기에서 바깥쪽을 향한. catastrophe: 대단원, 파국, 대이변, 대 실패, 파멸, 지각의 격변, 튼 재앙, 큰 재변, 대참사. child-bearing: 분만, 출산의. crack: 결점, 굴복하다, 변성, 갑작스런 날카로운 소리, 재치있는말, 시도, 지

껄이다, 자랑, 날카로운 폭음을 내다, 떨어뜨리다, 갈라진 금. dare: 도전하다, 위험을 무릅쓰다, 모 험적으로 해보다, 감히 ~ 하다, 용기 가 있다, 도전, 무릅쓰다. obstinacy: 난치, 완고, 고집, 완고한 언행, 병의 난치. proceeds: 수입, 수익, 매상고, 과실, 결 과. realm: 범위, 왕국, 영역, 부문, 영토, 권, 국토, 계, 분야, 세계, 대.

remedy: 의료, 구제책, 치료, 교정법 고치다, 보수하다, 치료약, 치료하다. render: 번역하다, 연출하다, 나타내다, 돌려주다, 제출하다, 보답하다, 표현 하다, 하다, 이 되게하다, 내다, 교부 하다. weighty: 중요한, 무거운, 유력한, 답 답하게 내리누르는, 무게를 가진, 중 대한, 견딜 수 없는, 남을 수긍케 하는 힘이 있는, 무게 있는, 비중이 큰 세력 있는, 무게있는.

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CHAPTER IV [The%author leaves Laputa; is conveyed to Balnibarbi; arrives at the metropolis. A description of the metropolis, and the country adjoining. The author hospitably received by a great lord. His conversation with that lord.]

Although I cannot say that I was ill treated in this island, yet I must confess I thought myself too much neglected, not without some degree of contempt; for neither prince nor people appeared to be curious in any part of knowledge, except mathematics and music, wherein I was far their inferior, and upon that account very little regarded. On the other side, after having seen all the curiosities of the island, I was very desirous to leave it, being heartily weary of those people. They were indeed excellent in two sciences for which I have great esteem, and wherein I am not unversed; but, at the same time, so abstracted and involved in speculation, that I never met with such disagreeable companions. I conversed only with women, tradesmen, flappers, and court-pages, during two months of my abode there; by which, at last, I rendered myself extremely contemptible; yet these were the only people from whom I could ever receive a reasonable answer. I had obtained, by hard study, a good degree of knowledge in their language: I was weary of being confined to an island where I received so little countenance, and resolved to leave it with the first opportunity.

Korean abode: 체류, 주거, 거주, 주소. abstracted: 멍한, 추상된, 추출한, 추상 한, 추출된. adjoining: 인접하는, 부근의, 인접한, 이웃의. contemptible: 비열한, 경멸할 만한, 멸시할, 한심한, 타기할, 치사한, 천시 할 만한, 경멸할만한, 경멸한 만한. countenance: 원조, 장려하다, 호의를 보이다, 침착, 표정, 승인하다, 허용하 다, 찬조, 찬성하다, 찬성, 지지.

desirous: 원하는, 바라는. disagreeable: 불쾌한, 까다로운, 마음 에 안 드는, 불유쾌한. ear: 귀, 청각, 경청, 보리 따위의 이삭, 귀꼴의 물건, 귓바퀴, 옥수수 열매, 옥 수수열매, 귀 모양의 것, 이삭, 이삭이 패다. heartily: 마음으로부터, 열의를 갖고, 정중히, 매우, 배불리, 마음으로, 기운 차게. hospitably: 공손하게, 극진하게, 호의

로 맞이하여. metropolis: 수도, 중심지, 주요도시, 대본산 소재지, 종속 중심지. neglected: 게을리한. unversed: 숙달하지 않은, 에 밝지 못 한, 통달하지 못한, 에 밝지 않은, 정 통하지 않은. wherein: 어떤 점에서, 그 중에, 그점 에서, 무엇 가운데에, 하는 바의, 어떤 점으로.

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There was a great lord at court, nearly related to the king, and for that reason alone used with respect. He was universally reckoned the most ignorant and stupid person among them. He had performed many eminent services for the crown, had great natural and acquired parts, adorned with integrity and honour; but so ill an ear for music, that his detractors reported, “he had been often known to beat time in the wrong place;” neither could his tutors, without extreme difficulty, teach him to demonstrate the most easy proposition in the mathematics. He was pleased to show me many marks of favour, often did me the honour of a visit, desired to be informed in the affairs of Europe, the laws and customs, the manners and learning of the several countries where I had travelled. He listened to me with great attention, and made very wise observations on all I spoke. He had two flappers attending him for state, but never made use of them, except at court and in visits of ceremony, and would always command them to withdraw, when we were alone together.% I entreated this illustrious person, to intercede in my behalf with his majesty, for leave to depart; which he accordingly did, as he was pleased to tell me, with regret: for indeed he had made me several offers very advantageous, which, however, I refused, with expressions of the highest acknowledgment. On the 16th of February I took leave of his majesty and the court. The king made me a present to the value of about two hundred pounds English, and my protector, his kinsman, as much more, together with a letter of recommendation to a friend of his in Lagado, the metropolis. The island being then hovering over a mountain about two miles from it, I was let down from the lowest gallery, in the same manner as I had been taken up. The continent, as far as it is subject to the monarch of the flying island, passes under the general name of Balnibarbi; and the metropolis, as I said before, is called Lagado. I felt some little satisfaction in finding myself on firm ground. I walked to the city without any concern, being clad like one of the natives, and sufficiently instructed to converse with them. I soon found out the person’s house to whom I was recommended, presented my letter from his friend the grandee in the island, and was received with much kindness. This great lord,

Korean acquired: 획득한, 습득한, 후천적인. behalf: 위하여, 이익. command: 지휘하다, 명령, 지배하다, 지휘, 명하다, 의 값어치가 있다, 지배 력, 장악지, 차지하고 있다, 명령하다, 조망. demonstrate: 논증하다, 시위운동을하 다, 실물선전하다, 표시하다, 증명하 다, 실지 교수로 가르치다, 시위 운동 을 하다, 시위 데모를 하다, 설명하다, 군사력을 과시하다, 실물로 선전하다.

grandee: 대공, 고관, 귀인. kinsman: 남자 친척, 친척의 남자, 혈 족의 남자. mountain: 산, 산더미 같은, 산더미처 럼 큰 것, 산악당, 프랑스사의 산악당. proposition: 명제, 유혹, 제안, 기업, 상대, 것, 놈, 서술, 유혹하다, 정리, 제의. protector: 보호자, 보호물, 섭정, 보호 하는 것. recommendation: 추천, 장점, 권고,

천거, 권장, 충고, 좋은점, 추천장. regret: 유감, 후회, 애석, 정중한 거절, 아쉬움, 후회하다, 슬픔, 비탄, 뉘우치 다. stupid: 어리석은, 고집센, 무감각한, 멍청한, 시시한, 바보. sufficiently: 충분히. wise: 방법, 알리다, 현명한, 정도, 영 리해 보이는, 분별있는, 슬기로운, 슬 기롭다, 양식, 학문이 있는, 알고 있는 .

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whose name was Munodi, ordered me an apartment in his own house, where I continued during my stay, and was entertained in a most hospitable manner.% The next morning after my arrival, he took me in his chariot to see the town, which is about half the bigness of London; but the houses very strangely built, and most of them out of repair. The people in the streets walked fast, looked wild, their eyes fixed, and were generally in rags. We passed through one of the town gates, and went about three miles into the country, where I saw many labourers working with several sorts of tools in the ground, but was not able to conjecture what they were about: neither did observe any expectation either of corn or grass, although the soil appeared to be excellent. I could not forbear admiring at these odd appearances, both in town and country; and I made bold to desire my conductor, that he would be pleased to explain to me, what could be meant by so many busy heads, hands, and faces, both in the streets and the fields, because I did not discover any good effects they produced; but, on the contrary, I never knew a soil so unhappily cultivated, houses so ill contrived and so ruinous, or a people whose countenances and habit expressed so much misery and want. This lord Munodi was a person of the first rank, and had been some years governor of Lagado; but, by a cabal of ministers, was discharged for insufficiency. However, the king treated him with tenderness, as a wellmeaning man, but of a low contemptible understanding. When I gave that free censure of the country and its inhabitants, he made no further answer than by telling me, “that I had not been long enough among them to form a judgment; and that the different nations of the world had different customs;” with other common topics to the same purpose. But, when we returned to his palace, he asked me “how I liked the building, what absurdities I observed, and what quarrel I had with the dress or looks of his domestics?” This he might safely do; because every thing about him was magnificent, regular, and polite. I answered, “that his excellency’s prudence, quality, and fortune, had exempted him from those defects, which folly and beggary had produced in others.” He said, “if I would go with him to his country-house, about twenty miles distant, where his estate lay, there would be more leisure for this kind of

Korean admiring: 감복한, 감탄하는, 찬미하는 , 찬양하는. beggary: 거지 생활, 패거리, 극빈, 거 지신세, 거지, 거지 사회. chariot: 전차를 몰다, 훌륭한 수레, 꽃 마차, 마차 개선차, 마차로 나르다, 사 륜 경마차, 이륜 전차. conductor: 전도체, 지휘자, 안내자, 지 도자, 피뢰침, 차장, 관리인, 수로 도 관, 도체, 도선, 경영자. defects: 결점들.

hospitable: 극진한, 따뜻하게 대접하 는, 기꺼이 받아들이는, 대접이 좋은. insufficiency: 불충분한, 부족, 불충분, 불총분, 결점. misery: 불행, 비참, 빈곤, 고통, 정신 적 고통, 육체적 고통. quarrel: 싸움의 원인, 싸움, 불평, 말다 툼, 네모진 촉이 달린 화살, 불화의 씨 , 불화, 불평하다, 싸움하다, 말다툼하 다, 말다툼의 원인. ruinous: 황폐한, 파멸을 가져오는, 파

괴적인, 영락한, 터무니없이 비싼, 몰 락한, 파멸을 초래하는, 파괴된. strangely: 이상하게, 기묘하게, 서먹서 먹하게, 기묘하게도, 색다르게, 이상 하게도. tools: 도구. unhappily: 비참하게, 운나쁘게, 불행 하게, 불행히, 유감스럽게도. well-meaning: 선의의, 선의에서 나온 , 호인인, 마음씨 좋은, 호의에서 우러 난.

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conversation.” I told his excellency “that I was entirely at his disposal;” and accordingly we set out next morning.% During our journey he made me observe the several methods used by farmers in managing their lands, which to me were wholly unaccountable; for, except in some very few places, I could not discover one ear of corn or blade of grass. But, in three hours travelling, the scene was wholly altered; we came into a most beautiful country; farmers’ houses, at small distances, neatly built; the fields enclosed, containing vineyards, corn-grounds, and meadows. Neither do I remember to have seen a more delightful prospect. His excellency observed my countenance to clear up; he told me, with a sigh, “that there his estate began, and would continue the same, till we should come to his house: that his countrymen ridiculed and despised him, for managing his affairs no better, and for setting so ill an example to the kingdom; which, however, was followed by very few, such as were old, and wilful, and weak like himself.” We came at length to the house, which was indeed a noble structure, built according to the best rules of ancient architecture. The fountains, gardens, walks, avenues, and groves, were all disposed with exact judgment and taste. I gave due praises to every thing I saw, whereof his excellency took not the least notice till after supper; when, there being no third companion, he told me with a very melancholy air “that he doubted he must throw down his houses in town and country, to rebuild them after the present mode; destroy all his plantations, and cast others into such a form as modern usage required, and give the same directions to all his tenants, unless he would submit to incur the censure of pride, singularity, affectation, ignorance, caprice, and perhaps increase his majesty’s displeasure; that the admiration I appeared to be under would cease or diminish, when he had informed me of some particulars which, probably, I never heard of at court, the people there being too much taken up in their own speculations, to have regard to what passed here below.” The sum of his discourse was to this effect: “That about forty years ago, certain persons went up to Laputa, either upon business or diversion, and, after five months continuance, came back with a very little smattering in mathematics,

Korean affectation: 체함, 짐짓 꾸밈, 태. blade: 칼날, 잎, 멋장이, 칼, 날개, 검 객, 견갑골, 위세가 당당한 사내, 위세 가 호탕한 사내, 혀끝, 노깃. caprice: 변덕, 공상적 작품, 뜻밖의 급 변, 제멋대로의 행동, 카프리치오. cease: 그만두다, 그치다, 끝나다, 중지, 중지하다, 멎다, 멈추다-중지, 끝내다 , 중단. companion: 동료, 동무, 동반자, 갑판 승강구의 덮개문, 말동무, 안내서, 이

야기 상대로 고용된 여자, 짝, 천창, 며 말하다, 그리워하다, 살랑거리다, 최하위 훈작사, 패. 슬퍼하다, 한숨 쉬다, 한숨 지으며 말 continuance: 계속, 연속, 지속, 체류, 하다, 한숨 짓듯 산들거리다, 사모하 존속, 연기, 계속 기간. 다. delightful: 매우 기쁜, 즐거운. singularity: 단독, 단일, 특이, 비범, 이 diminish: 줄이다, 감소시키다, 줄다. 상, 기이, 기이한 버긋, 괴이, 희한, 단 discourse: 담화, 논설, 설교, 이야기, 수성, 회유. 강연, 강연하다, 논술하다, 강화. usage: 취급법, 관용법, 관습, 어법, 사 rebuild: 재건하다, 다시 세우다, 개축 용법, 관용, 취급, 습관, 용법. 하다, 개조하다. wilful: 계획적인, 외고집의, 일부러의, sigh: 한숨, 탄식, 을 슬퍼하다, 한숨쉬 고집 센.

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but%full of volatile spirits acquired in that airy region: that these persons, upon their return, began to dislike the management of every thing below, and fell into schemes of putting all arts, sciences, languages, and mechanics, upon a new foot. To this end, they procured a royal patent for erecting an academy of projectors in Lagado; and the humour prevailed so strongly among the people, that there is not a town of any consequence in the kingdom without such an academy. In these colleges the professors contrive new rules and methods of agriculture and building, and new instruments, and tools for all trades and manufactures; whereby, as they undertake, one man shall do the work of ten; a palace may be built in a week, of materials so durable as to last for ever without repairing. All the fruits of the earth shall come to maturity at whatever season we think fit to choose, and increase a hundred fold more than they do at present; with innumerable other happy proposals. The only inconvenience is, that none of these projects are yet brought to perfection; and in the mean time, the whole country lies miserably waste, the houses in ruins, and the people without food or clothes. By all which, instead of being discouraged, they are fifty times more violently bent upon prosecuting their schemes, driven equally on by hope and despair: that as for himself, being not of an enterprising spirit, he was content to go on in the old forms, to live in the houses his ancestors had built, and act as they did, in every part of life, without innovation: that some few other persons of quality and gentry had done the same, but were looked on with an eye of contempt and ill-will, as enemies to art, ignorant, and ill common-wealth’s men, preferring their own ease and sloth before the general improvement of their country.” His lordship added, “That he would not, by any further particulars, prevent the pleasure I should certainly take in viewing the grand academy, whither he was resolved I should go.” He only desired me to observe a ruined building, upon the side of a mountain about three miles distant, of which he gave me this account: “That he had a very convenient mill within half a mile of his house, turned by a current from a large river, and sufficient for his own family, as well as a great number of his tenants; that about seven years ago, a club of those projectors came to him with proposals to destroy this mill, and build another on

Korean academy: 학원, 전문 학교, 사립의 고 등 학교, 학회, 아카데미아, 왕립 미술 원, 협회, 아카데메이아 학원. airy: 바람이 잘 통하는, 공기의, 경솔 한, 우미한, 경쾌한, 공중의, 공허한, 하늘 높이 솟은, 점장빼는, 가벼운, 들 뜬. discouraged: 낙담한, 낙심한, 술에 취 한. dislike: 싫어하다, 혐오, 미워하다, 증 오, 싫어함.

durable: 오래견디는, 튼튼한, 지속하 는, 내구재, 영속성 있는. enterprising: 기업심이왕성한, 모험적 인, 기업적인, 진취적인. fold: 주름, 접다, 싸다, 접음, 끼다, 안 다, 접히다, 습곡, 주름살, 켜, 접은 금 . manufactures: 제품. maturity: 성숙, 만기, 완성, 화농, 어음 의 만기. miserably: 비참하게, 불쌍하게, 형편

없이, 비참할 만큼, 초라하게, 지독히. patent: 명백한, 특허, 열려 있는, 개방 성의, 공유지 양도 증서, 개방되어 있 는, 특허권, 전매 특허의, 의 전매 특 허를 얻다, 색다른, 독특한 것. ruins: 손해. sloth: 나태, 나무늘보, 게으름. volatile: 덧없는, 휘발성의, 변덕스러 운, 쾌활한, 일시적인, 비지구의, 새, 날개로 공중을 나는, 휘발성 물질, 휘 발하는.

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the side of that mountain, on the long ridge whereof a long canal must be cut, for a repository of water, to be conveyed up by pipes and engines to supply the mill, because the wind and air upon a height agitated the water, and thereby made it fitter for motion, and because the water, descending down a declivity, would turn the mill with half the current of a river whose course is more upon a level.” He said, “that being then not very well with the court, and pressed by many of his friends, he complied with the proposal; and after employing a hundred men for two years, the work miscarried, the projectors went off, laying the blame entirely upon him, railing at him ever since, and putting others upon the same experiment, with equal assurance of success, as well as equal disappointment.” In a few days we came back to town; and his excellency, considering the bad character he had in the academy, would not go with me himself, but recommended me to a friend of his, to bear me company thither. My lord was pleased to represent me as a great admirer of projects, and a person of much curiosity and easy belief; which, indeed, was not without truth; for I had myself been a sort of projector in my younger days.%

Korean admirer: 숭배자, 팬, 찬양자, 구혼자, 찬미자, 환심을 사려는 남자. agitated: 흥분한, 동요한. assurance: 보증, 확신, 자신, 철면피, 침착, 보험. blame: 책임, 나무라다, 비난하다, 비 난, 허물, 의 탓으로 돌리다-비난, 탓, 지우다, 의 탓으로 돌리다, 책망. canal: 도관, 운하, 수로, 어떤 방향으 로 유도하다, 에 운하를 만들다, 도관 의, 운하의.

experiment: 실험하다, 실험, 시험. 사의 창립자, 영사기, 투영기, 투광기. fitter: 조립공, 정비공, 장신구상인, 입 railing: 난간, 레일, 폭언, 놀림, 울타리 혀서 맞추는 사람, 맞추는사람, 맞추 , 가로장, 울, 욕지거리, 레일재료, 그 는 사람, 장신구 장수, 옷 입혀 보는 자료, 욕설. 사람, 여행용품 장수, 설비하는 사람. repository: 납골당, 창고, 저장소, 매장 laying: 부설, 조준, 쌓음, 꼬는 법, 애 소, 진열소, 매점, 믿을 수 있는 사람, 벌칠, 쌓기, 놓기, 한 배에 깐 알, 끌어 용기, 털어 놓을 수 있는 사람, 보고, 댐, 설치, 한 번에 까는 알. 털어놓을 수 있는 사람. myself: 나 자신, 내자신, 자기. thereby: 그 때문에, 그것에 의해서, 그 pipes: 기관. 것에 의하여, 그것에 관하여, 그 근처 projector: 투사기, 계획자, 엉터리 회 에.

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CHAPTER V [The%author permitted to see the grand academy of Lagado. The academy largely described. The arts wherein the professors employ themselves.]

This academy is not an entire single building, but a continuation of several houses on both sides of a street, which growing waste, was purchased and applied to that use. I was received very kindly by the warden, and went for many days to the academy. Every room has in it one or more projectors; and I believe I could not be in fewer than five hundred rooms. The first man I saw was of a meagre aspect, with sooty hands and face, his hair and beard long, ragged, and singed in several places. His clothes, shirt, and skin, were all of the same colour. He has been eight years upon a project for extracting sunbeams out of cucumbers, which were to be put in phials hermetically sealed, and let out to warm the air in raw inclement summers. He told me, he did not doubt, that, in eight years more, he should be able to supply the governor’s gardens with sunshine, at a reasonable rate: but he complained that his stock was low, and entreated me “to give him something as an encouragement to ingenuity, especially since this had been a very dear season for cucumbers.” I made him a small present, for my lord had furnished me with

Korean applied: 응용된, 응요된, 적용된. beard: 수염, 미늘-수염을 잡다, 공공 연히 반항하다, 미늘, 에게 공공연히 반항하다, 의 수염을 꺼두르다, 까락, 턱수염, 의 수염을 잡아 뽑다, 경사면, 깎아 내다. continuation: 계속, 연장, 연속, 속편, 지속, 재개, 짧은 바지의 무릎 이하의 부분, 계속됨, 이연, 존속, 이월거래. hermetically: 밀봉한, 연금술, 밀폐하 여, 밀봉하여.

inclement: 험악한, 혹독한, 무정한, 궂 은, 거칠고, 가혹한, 추운. kindly: 친절한, 쾌히, 기꺼이, 상냥하 게, 상냥한, 온하한, 쾌히 받아들이다, 친절히, 기후 따위가 온화한, 온화한, 자연히. meagre: 빈약한, 결핍한, 불충분한, 무 미건조한, 메마른, 야윈, 마른. ragged: 조화되지 않은, 울툭불툭한, 남루한, 초라한, 불완전한, 찢어진, 야 생의, 깔쭉깔쭉한, 손질을 게을리한,

결점이 있는, 고르지 못한. sealed: 봉인한, 도장을 찍은. sooty: 거무스름한, 그을은, 그을음의, 그을음 빛갈의, 그을음투성이의, 그을 음 같은, 그을음으로 더러워진, 그을 음 빛깔의. sunshine: 햇빛, 맑은 날씨, 명랑, 양지 , 쾌활. warden: 교장, 장, 학장, 간수장, 교구 위원, 문시인, 감시인, 감독, 감시원, 교도소장, 교회 위원.

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money on purpose, because he knew their practice of begging from all who go to see them.% I went into another chamber, but was ready to hasten back, being almost overcome with a horrible stink. My conductor pressed me forward, conjuring me in a whisper “to give no offence, which would be highly resented;” and therefore I durst not so much as stop my nose. The projector of this cell was the most ancient student of the academy; his face and beard were of a pale yellow; his hands and clothes daubed over with filth. When I was presented to him, he gave me a close embrace, a compliment I could well have excused. His employment, from his first coming into the academy, was an operation to reduce human excrement to its original food, by separating the several parts, removing the tincture which it receives from the gall, making the odour exhale, and scumming off the saliva. He had a weekly allowance, from the society, of a vessel filled with human ordure, about the bigness of a Bristol barrel. I saw another at work to calcine ice into gunpowder; who likewise showed me a treatise he had written concerning the malleability of fire, which he intended to publish. There was a most ingenious architect, who had contrived a new method for building houses, by beginning at the roof, and working downward to the foundation; which he justified to me, by the like practice of those two prudent insects, the bee and the spider. There was a man born blind, who had several apprentices in his own condition: their employment was to mix colours for painters, which their master taught them to distinguish by feeling and smelling. It was indeed my misfortune to find them at that time not very perfect in their lessons, and the professor himself happened to be generally mistaken. This artist is much encouraged and esteemed by the whole fraternity. In another apartment I was highly pleased with a projector who had found a device of ploughing the ground with hogs, to save the charges of ploughs, cattle, and labour. The method is this: in an acre of ground you bury, at six inches distance and eight deep, a quantity of acorns, dates, chestnuts, and other mast or

Korean calcine: 하소하다, 태워서생석회가 되 다, 구어 생석회로 하다, 태워서 생석 회가 되게 하다, 타서 생석회가 되다, 타서 생석회가 되게 하다, 태워서 생 석회가 되다. chestnuts: 젖통이. compliment: 찬사, 경의, 칭찬하다, 의 례적인 인사말, 경의를 표하다, 경의 의 표시, 아첨, 대갚음하다-인사하다, 듣기 좋은 말을 하다, 따리, 영광된 일 .

conjuring: 마술, 요술. exhale: 발산하다, 증발하다, 내뿜다, 소산하다, 방출하다, 숨을 내쉬다, 내 쉬다. filth: 오물, 외설, 추잡, 음담패설. fraternity: 동업자들, 형제간, 우애 조 합, 친목회, 협동 단체, 동호자들, 남 학생 사교 클럽, 우애회. gunpowder: 화약, 중국산 녹차. malleability: 순응성, 전성, 금속의 가 단성, 가단성.

mast: 돛대, 마스트, 도토리, 평수부로 서, 기둥, 돛대를 세우다, 떡갈나무 따 위의 열매, 너도밤나무 따위의 열매, 모양의 기둥, 밤나무 따위의 열매. ordure: 똥, 오물, 외설한 일. saliva: 타액, 침. stink: 악취, 냄새를 맡아내다, 평판이 나쁘다, 악취를 풍겨 내쫓다, 고약한 냄새, 악취를 풍기다, 악취를 피워 내 쫓다, 의 냄새를 맡다, 평이 나쁘다, 화학.

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vegetables, whereof these animals are fondest; then you drive six hundred or more of them into the field, where, in a few days, they will root up the whole ground in search of their food, and make it fit for sowing, at the same time manuring it with their dung: it is true, upon experiment, they found the charge and trouble very great, and they had little or no crop. However it is not doubted, that this invention may be capable of great improvement.% I went into another room, where the walls and ceiling were all hung round with cobwebs, except a narrow passage for the artist to go in and out. At my entrance, he called aloud to me, “not to disturb his webs.” He lamented “the fatal mistake the world had been so long in, of using silkworms, while we had such plenty of domestic insects who infinitely excelled the former, because they understood how to weave, as well as spin.” And he proposed further, “that by employing spiders, the charge of dyeing silks should be wholly saved;” whereof I was fully convinced, when he showed me a vast number of flies most beautifully coloured, wherewith he fed his spiders, assuring us “that the webs would take a tincture from them; and as he had them of all hues, he hoped to fit everybody’s fancy, as soon as he could find proper food for the flies, of certain gums, oils, and other glutinous matter, to give a strength and consistence to the threads.” There was an astronomer, who had undertaken to place a sun-dial upon the great weathercock on the town-house, by adjusting the annual and diurnal motions of the earth and sun, so as to answer and coincide with all accidental turnings of the wind. I was complaining of a small fit of the colic, upon which my conductor led me into a room where a great physician resided, who was famous for curing that disease, by contrary operations from the same instrument. He had a large pair of bellows, with a long slender muzzle of ivory: this he conveyed eight inches up the anus, and drawing in the wind, he affirmed he could make the guts as lank as a dried bladder. But when the disease was more stubborn and violent, he let in the muzzle while the bellows were full of wind, which he discharged into the body of the patient; then withdrew the instrument to replenish it, clapping his

Korean anus: 항문. assuring: 보증하는, 확인하는, 확신을 주는. astronomer: 천문학자. bellows: 풀무, 주름상자, 폐, 주름 상 자. colic: 복통, 산통의, 복통의, 결장의, 산통. consistence: 농도, 일관성, 견실성, 밀 도, 언행일치. diurnal: 낮의, 매일의, 주간의.

dung: 똥거름, 똥, 거름을 주다. replenish: 다시 채우다, 보충하다, 연 dyeing: 염색, 염색업, 염색법. 료를 공급하다, 채우다, 추가하다, 보 glutinous: 아교질의, 점착성의, 끈적 급하다. 끈적한. weathercock: 바람개비, 변덕쟁이, 풍 lank: 호리호리한, 야윈, 곱슬곱슬하지 향성이 있다, 에 풍향계를 달다, 변덕 않은, 여윈. 꾸러기, 에 대한 바람개비 역할을 하 manuring: 비료를 주는 것. 다, 에 바람개비를 달다. muzzle: 입마개, 총구, 말못하게 하다, weave: 꾸미다, 짜다, 헤치고 나아가다 코, 입부분, 부리망, 언론을 탄압하다, , 짜기, 적기를 누비면서 잘 피하다, 재갈, 재갈-개 따위에 부리망을 씌우 이리저리 헤치고 나아가다, 얽다, 엮 다, 개 따위에 부리망을 씌우다, 포구. 다, 짜는 법, 엮어서 만든 것, 오가다.

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thumb strongly against the orifice of then fundament; and this being repeated three or four times, the adventitious wind would rush out, bringing the noxious along with it, (like water put into a pump), and the patient recovered. I saw him try both experiments upon a dog, but could not discern any effect from the former. After the latter the animal was ready to burst, and made so violent a discharge as was very offensive to me and my companion. The dog died on the spot, and we left the doctor endeavouring to recover him, by the same operation.% I visited many other apartments, but shall not trouble my reader with all the curiosities I observed, being studious of brevity. I had hitherto seen only one side of the academy, the other being appropriated to the advancers of speculative learning, of whom I shall say something, when I have mentioned one illustrious person more, who is called among them “the universal artist.” He told us “he had been thirty years employing his thoughts for the improvement of human life.” He had two large rooms full of wonderful curiosities, and fifty men at work. Some were condensing air into a dry tangible substance, by extracting the nitre, and letting the aqueous or fluid particles percolate; others softening marble, for pillows and pin-cushions; others petrifying the hoofs of a living horse, to preserve them from foundering. The artist himself was at that time busy upon two great designs; the first, to sow land with chaff, wherein he affirmed the true seminal virtue to be contained, as he demonstrated by several experiments, which I was not skilful enough to comprehend. The other was, by a certain composition of gums, minerals, and vegetables, outwardly applied, to prevent the growth of wool upon two young lambs; and he hoped, in a reasonable time to propagate the breed of naked sheep, all over the kingdom. We crossed a walk to the other part of the academy, where, as I have already said, the projectors in speculative learning resided. The first professor I saw, was in a very large room, with forty pupils about him. After salutation, observing me to look earnestly upon a frame, which took up the greatest part of both the length and breadth of the room, he said, “Perhaps

Korean adventitious: 이례의 장소에서 발생하 는, 우발의, 우연의, 우발적인. aqueous: 물의, 수성의, 물 같은, 수성. brevity: 짧음, 간결. chaff: 여물, 왕겨, 놀리다, 놀림, 썰다, 하찮은 것, 레이더 탐지 방해용 금속 편, 마초, 야유, 호, 허섭쓰레기. fundament: 항문, 둔부, 기초, 원리, 입 지조건, 궁둥이, 자연 그대로의 경관. nitre: 질산칼륨. noxious: 유해한, 불건전한, 유독한.

offensive: 공격, 공격적인, 무례한, 불 seminal: 정액의, 생산적인, 발생의, 미 쾌한, 공세, 비위에 거슬리는, 싫은. 발달의, 발전성이 있는, 배자의, 생식 orifice: 구멍, 아가리, 파이프 따위의 의, 종자의, 감화력이 강한, 근본의, 구멍, 굴뚝 따위의 구멍, 상처 따위의 생식의발달 가능성이 있는. 구멍. softening: 연수법, 연화, 노망, 뇌연화, percolate: 여과, 거르다, 스며나오게 우둔. 하다, 커피 끓이개, 침투, 삼투하다, sow: 암퇘지, 뿌리다, 에 씨를 뿌리다, 서서히 퍼지다, 스며 나오다, 스며들 퍼뜨리다, 흩 뿌리다, 씨를 뿌리다, 의 다, 침투하다, 여과하다. 원인을 뿌리다, 선철이 흐르는 길, 의 salutation: 인사, 인사말, 경례, 절, 목 씨를 뿌리다, 쥐며느리, 원인을 뿌리 례. 다.

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I%might wonder to see him employed in a project for improving speculative knowledge, by practical and mechanical operations. But the world would soon be sensible of its usefulness; and he flattered himself, that a more noble, exalted thought never sprang in any other man’s head. Every one knew how laborious the usual method is of attaining to arts and sciences; whereas, by his contrivance, the most ignorant person, at a reasonable charge, and with a little bodily labour, might write books in philosophy, poetry, politics, laws, mathematics, and theology, without the least assistance from genius or study.” He then led me to the frame, about the sides, whereof all his pupils stood in ranks. It was twenty feet square, placed in the middle of the room. The superfices was composed of several bits of wood, about the bigness of a die, but some larger than others. They were all linked together by slender wires. These bits of wood were covered, on every square, with paper pasted on them; and on these papers were written all the words of their language, in their several moods, tenses, and declensions; but without any order. The professor then desired me “to observe; for he was going to set his engine at work.” The pupils, at his command, took each of them hold of an iron handle, whereof there were forty fixed round the edges of the frame; and giving them a sudden turn, the whole disposition of the words was entirely changed. He then commanded six-and-thirty of the lads, to read the several lines softly, as they appeared upon the frame; and where they found three or four words together that might make part of a sentence, they dictated to the four remaining boys, who were scribes. This work was repeated three or four times, and at every turn, the engine was so contrived, that the words shifted into new places, as the square bits of wood moved upside down. Six hours a day the young students were employed in this labour; and the professor showed me several volumes in large folio, already collected, of broken sentences, which he intended to piece together, and out of those rich materials, to give the world a complete body of all arts and sciences; which, however, might be still improved, and much expedited, if the public would raise a fund for making and employing five hundred such frames in Lagado, and oblige the managers to contribute in common their several collections.

Korean collected: 모은, 침착한, 수집한, 태연 자약. contribute: 기고하다, 기부하다, 이바 지하다, 기여하다, 기부를 하다, 주다, 의 한 도움이 되다, 기증하다, 공헌하 다, 의 한 원인이 되다. employed: 고용자들, 노동자, 취직하 고 있는. folio: 이절지, 단위 어수, 장수, 한장, 장수를 세다, 이 표지, 이책, 전지의 2 절, 전지의 이절, 한 장, 이판.

improved: 개량하는, 개선하는. mechanical: 기계의, 물리적인, 기계에 의한, 기계학의, 기게학의, 기계적인, 기계역학의, 기계상의, 직공의. philosophy: 철학, 철리, 원리, 깨달음, 침착, 철학적 정신, 철학 서적, 철학 체계. poetry: 시, 운문, 작시, 시정, 시가, 노 래하는 마음. sensible: 분별 있는, 현명한, 지각할 수 있는, 알아채고, 알아챈, 느낄 수

있는, 느끼기 쉬운, 감각의, 신용본위 의, 눈에 띌 정도의. softly: 조용한, 수월한, 흐릿한, 온화한 , 연한, 상쾌한, 부드럽게, 손쉬운, 부 드러운 물건, 부드러운, 매끈한. speculative: 사색적인, 위험을 내포한, 순이론적인, 투기의, 투기적인, 위험 한. sudden: 돌연한, 갑작스런, 돌연. theology: 신학, 종교 심리학. usefulness: 쓸모 있음, 유용성.

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He assured me “that this invention had employed all his thoughts from his youth; that he had emptied the whole vocabulary into his frame, and made the strictest computation of the general proportion there is in books between the numbers of particles, nouns, and verbs, and other parts of speech.” I made my humblest acknowledgment to this illustrious person, for his great communicativeness; and promised, “if ever I had the good fortune to return to my native country, that I would do him justice, as the sole inventor of this wonderful machine;” the form and contrivance of which I desired leave to delineate on paper, as in the figure here annexed. I told him, “although it were the custom of our learned in Europe to steal inventions from each other, who had thereby at least this advantage, that it became a controversy which was the right owner; yet I would take such caution, that he should have the honour entire, without a rival.” We next went to the school of languages, where three professors sat in consultation upon improving that of their own country.% The first project was, to shorten discourse, by cutting polysyllables into one, and leaving out verbs and participles, because, in reality, all things imaginable are but norms. The other project was, a scheme for entirely abolishing all words whatsoever; and this was urged as a great advantage in point of health, as well as brevity. For it is plain, that every word we speak is, in some degree, a diminution of our lunge by corrosion, and, consequently, contributes to the shortening of our lives. An expedient was therefore offered, “that since words are only names for things, it would be more convenient for all men to carry about them such things as were necessary to express a particular business they are to discourse on.” And this invention would certainly have taken place, to the great ease as well as health of the subject, if the women, in conjunction with the vulgar and illiterate, had not threatened to raise a rebellion unless they might be allowed the liberty to speak with their tongues, after the manner of their forefathers; such constant irreconcilable enemies to science are the common people. However, many of the most learned and wise adhere to the new scheme of expressing themselves by

Korean adhere: 들러붙다, 집착하다, 신념을 굳게 지키다, 접착하다, 부착하다, 가 맹하다. controversy: 논쟁, 논의, 논전. corrosion: 부식으로 생긴 것, 부식, 소 모, 침식, 부식작용, 마음을 좀 먹기, 마음을 좀먹기. delineate: 윤곽을 그리다, 묘사하다. diminution: 김소, 축소, 감소, 가늘어 짐. illiterate: 무식한, 문맹인, 읽기 쓰기를

못하는, 읽고 쓸 줄 모르는, 무식자, 무교육자, 글자를 모르는. imaginable: 상상할 수 있는. inventor: 발명자, 발명가, 창안자, 창 출자, 고안자. irreconcilable: 화해할 수 없는, 조화되 지 않는, 비타협적인 사람, 서로 상충 하는 생각, 양립할수 없는, 융화하기 어려운, 모순되는, 대립한. lunge: 찌르기, 찌르다, 차다, 불쑥 내 밀다, 펜싱 따위의 찌르기, 돌출, 무기

를 쑥 내밀다, 쑥 내밀다. rebellion: 모반, 반란, 반항, 폭동, 권 력에 대한 반항. shorten: 짧게 하다, 무르게 하다, 짧아 지다, 줄이다, 아동복을 입히다, 빼앗 다, 깎다, 파삭파식하게 하다, 짧아 보 이게 하다. shortening: 단축, 생략, 쇼트닝, 단축 어, 생략어, 생략법. vocabulary: 어휘, 단어집, 사전, 표현 기법의 범위, 단어집표.

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things; which has only this inconvenience attending it, that if a man’s business be very great, and of various kinds, he must be obliged, in proportion, to carry a greater bundle of things upon his back, unless he can afford one or two strong servants to attend him. I have often beheld two of those sages almost sinking under the weight of their packs, like pedlars among us, who, when they met in the street, would lay down their loads, open their sacks, and hold conversation for an hour together; then put up their implements, help each other to resume their burdens, and take their leave.% But for short conversations, a man may carry implements in his pockets, and under his arms, enough to supply him; and in his house, he cannot be at a loss. Therefore the room where company meet who practise this art, is full of all things, ready at hand, requisite to furnish matter for this kind of artificial converse. Another great advantage proposed by this invention was, that it would serve as a universal language, to be understood in all civilised nations, whose goods and utensils are generally of the same kind, or nearly resembling, so that their uses might easily be comprehended. And thus ambassadors would be qualified to treat with foreign princes, or ministers of state, to whose tongues they were utter strangers. I was at the mathematical school, where the master taught his pupils after a method scarce imaginable to us in Europe. The proposition, and demonstration, were fairly written on a thin wafer, with ink composed of a cephalic tincture. This, the student was to swallow upon a fasting stomach, and for three days following, eat nothing but bread and water. As the wafer digested, the tincture mounted to his brain, bearing the proposition along with it. But the success has not hitherto been answerable, partly by some error in the quantum or composition, and partly by the perverseness of lads, to whom this bolus is so nauseous, that they generally steal aside, and discharge it upwards, before it can operate; neither have they been yet persuaded to use so long an abstinence, as the prescription requires.

Korean abstinence: 절제, 금주, 금욕, 제욕, 금 식, 절식, 자제. bolus: 큰알약. cephalic: 두부의, 두개의, 머리의, 두 부에 있는. fasting: 단식의, 금식의, 단식, 절식, 금식, 단식으로. furnish: 설비, 공급하다, 가구를 갖추 다, 비치된가구, 비치된 가구, 장치를 갖추다, 주다, 설치하다, 가구를 설비 하다.

loads: 잔뜩. prescription: 규정, 시효, 처방, 명령, 처방전, 규정하기, 약 따위 처방전이 없으면 사지 않는, 처방전이 없으면 사지 않는. quantum: 양자, 양, 정량, 몫, 특정량. requisite: 필요한, 요건, 필수품, 필요 조건, 필요물, 요소, 없어서는 안될, 필수의. resume: 요약하다, 다시 시작하다, 되 찾다, 개요, 적요, 다시 차지하다, 회

복하다, 이력서, 다시 계속하다, 계속 하다, 재점유하다. scarce: 드문, 부족한, 희귀한, 결석하 다, 결핍한. sinking: 가라앉음, 내려앉는, 쇠약 가 라앉는, 쇠퇴하는, 가라앉는. swallow: 참다, 제비, 식도, 빨아들이 다, 취소하다, 삼킴, 한 모금, 삼키다, 받아들이다, 억누르다, 곧이듣다. wafer: 제병, 웨이퍼, 오블라토, 봉함지 , 얄팍한 것, 풀로 봉하다.

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%VI

[A further account of the academy. The author proposes some improvements, which are honourably received.]

In the school of political projectors, I was but ill entertained; the professors appearing, in my judgment, wholly out of their senses, which is a scene that never fails to make me melancholy. These unhappy people were proposing schemes for persuading monarchs to choose favourites upon the score of their wisdom, capacity, and virtue; of teaching ministers to consult the public good; of rewarding merit, great abilities, eminent services; of instructing princes to know their true interest, by placing it on the same foundation with that of their people; of choosing for employments persons qualified to exercise them, with many other wild, impossible chimeras, that never entered before into the heart of man to conceive; and confirmed in me the old observation, “that there is nothing so extravagant and irrational, which some philosophers have not maintained for truth.” But, however, I shall so far do justice to this part of the Academy, as to acknowledge that all of them were not so visionary. There was a most ingenious doctor, who seemed to be perfectly versed in the whole nature and system of government. This illustrious person had very usefully employed his studies, in finding out effectual remedies for all diseases and corruptions to which the

Korean acknowledge: 받았음을 알리다, 승인 하다, 인정하다, 감사하다, 사례하다, 알아 차렸음을 알리다, 확인하다. effectual: 효과적인, 유력한, 유효한. extravagant: 낭비하는, 엄청난, 터무니 없는, 기발한. foundation: 기초, 창설, 근거, 토대, 설립, 보강 재료, 뜨개바탕, 기본금, 파운데이션. honourably: 존경받도록, 훌륭히, 정 당하게, 올바르게.

irrational: 이성이 없는, 불합리한, 무 리의 부진근수의무리수, 분별없는, 무 리수의, 무리수, 무리의, 부진근수의. judgment: 판단, 천벌, 재판, 판결, 분 별, 심판, 비관, 감정, 견식, 의견, 비 판. observation: 관찰, 감시, 주목, 관찰결 과, 관측, 소견, 관찰력, 관측 보고, 발 언. qualified: 한정된, 자격 있는, 조건부 의, 적임의, 면허 받은, 제한된.

rewarding: 할 보람이 있는, 보답하는, 할 만한 가치가 있는. score: 득점하다, 이유, 계산하다, 득점, 얻다, 총보, 진상, 계산, 성공, 벤 자리 , 눈금을 내다. usefully: 유용하게. virtue: 미덕, 정조, 장점, 가치, 고결, 효력, 미점, 도덕적 우수성, 선량, 덕, 효능. wisdom: 학문, 지혜, 현명, 지식, 분별 현인, 금언, 명언, 현인.

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several%kinds of public administration are subject, by the vices or infirmities of those who govern, as well as by the licentiousness of those who are to obey. For instance: whereas all writers and reasoners have agreed, that there is a strict universal resemblance between the natural and the political body; can there be any thing more evident, than that the health of both must be preserved, and the diseases cured, by the same prescriptions? It is allowed, that senates and great councils are often troubled with redundant, ebullient, and other peccant humours; with many diseases of the head, and more of the heart; with strong convulsions, with grievous contractions of the nerves and sinews in both hands, but especially the right; with spleen, flatus, vertigos, and deliriums; with scrofulous tumours, full of fetid purulent matter; with sour frothy ructations: with canine appetites, and crudeness of digestion, besides many others, needless to mention. This doctor therefore proposed, “that upon the meeting of the senate, certain physicians should attend it the three first days of their sitting, and at the close of each day’s debate feel the pulses of every senator; after which, having maturely considered and consulted upon the nature of the several maladies, and the methods of cure, they should on the fourth day return to the senate house, attended by their apothecaries stored with proper medicines; and before the members sat, administer to each of them lenitives, aperitives, abstersives, corrosives, restringents, palliatives, laxatives, cephalalgics, icterics, apophlegmatics, acoustics, as their several cases required; and, according as these medicines should operate, repeat, alter, or omit them, at the next meeting.” This project could not be of any great expense to the public; and might in my poor opinion, be of much use for the despatch of business, in those countries where senates have any share in the legislative power; beget unanimity, shorten debates, open a few mouths which are now closed, and close many more which are now open; curb the petulancy of the young, and correct the positiveness of the old; rouse the stupid, and damp the pert. Again: because it is a general complaint, that the favourites of princes are troubled with short and weak memories; the same doctor proposed, “that whoever attended a first minister, after having told his business, with the utmost

Korean acoustics: 음향학, 음향효과, 음향 상 태. beget: 낳다, 돌보다, 생기다, 자식을 보다, 생기게 하다. canine: 개, 개과의 동물, 개과의, 송곳 니, 개같은, 개의. convulsions: 경련, 웃음의 발작. ebullient: 넘쳐흐르는, 열광적인, 팔팔 끓는, 끓어 넘치는. fetid: 악취를풍기는, 악취가 나는, 악 취를 풍기는.

flatus: 가스, 기식, 한 번 내뿜는 숨, 일 진의 바람, 위장 속의 가스. frothy: 거품 같은, 거품 투성이의, 거 품투성이의, 공허한, 천박한. licentiousness: 방탕함. peccant: 죄를 범한, 죄 있는, 부정한, 그릇된, 타락한, 병적인, 규칙에 어긋 난, 죄를 짓는. pert: 건방진, 활발한, 계획 관리 방식, 기운찬, 버릇없는. petulancy: 성마름, 토라짐, 불쾌, 심술

사나움, 앵돌아짐. purulent: 화농성의, 곪은, 고름 같은. rouse: 각성, 격려하다, 날아오르게하 다, 일어나다, 술판, 일으키다, 성나게 하다, 분발, 잠이 깨다, 휘젓다, 고무 하다. scrofulous: 타락한, 연주창에 걸린. spleen: 비장, 지라, 우울, 노여움, 언짢 음, 원한, 의기소침, 기분이 언짢음. unanimity: 만장 일치, 이의없음, 전원 이의 없음.

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brevity and in the plainest words, should, at his departure, give the said minister a tweak by the nose, or a kick in the belly, or tread on his corns, or lug him thrice by both ears, or run a pin into his breech; or pinch his arm black and blue, to prevent forgetfulness; and at every levee day, repeat the same operation, till the business were done, or absolutely refused.”% He likewise directed, “that every senator in the great council of a nation, after he had delivered his opinion, and argued in the defence of it, should be obliged to give his vote directly contrary; because if that were done, the result would infallibly terminate in the good of the public.” When parties in a state are violent, he offered a wonderful contrivance to reconcile them. The method is this: You take a hundred leaders of each party; you dispose them into couples of such whose heads are nearest of a size; then let two nice operators saw off the occiput of each couple at the same time, in such a manner that the brain may be equally divided. Let the occiputs, thus cut off, be interchanged, applying each to the head of his opposite party-man. It seems indeed to be a work that requires some exactness, but the professor assured us, “that if it were dexterously performed, the cure would be infallible.” For he argued thus: “that the two half brains being left to debate the matter between themselves within the space of one skull, would soon come to a good understanding, and produce that moderation, as well as regularity of thinking, so much to be wished for in the heads of those, who imagine they come into the world only to watch and govern its motion: and as to the difference of brains, in quantity or quality, among those who are directors in faction, the doctor assured us, from his own knowledge, that “it was a perfect trifle.” I heard a very warm debate between two professors, about the most commodious and effectual ways and means of raising money, without grieving the subject. The first affirmed, “the justest method would be, to lay a certain tax upon vices and folly; and the sum fixed upon every man to be rated, after the fairest manner, by a jury of his neighbours.” The second was of an opinion directly contrary; “to tax those qualities of body and mind, for which men chiefly value themselves; the rate to be more or less, according to the degrees of

Korean breech: 포미, 뒷부분, 총미, 궁둥이, 총 의 개머리, 승마바지, 볼기, 바지, 도 르래의 밑 부분. commodious: 넓은, 편리한, 널찍한. dexterously: 빈틈없이, 솜씨좋게, 오 른손으로, 기민하게. forgetfulness: 건망증, 태만, 소홀, 망 각. govern: 제어하다, 관리하다, 통치하다 , 다스리다, 억제하다, 통치다, 에 적 용되다, 좌우하다, 지배하다.

lug: 귀, 손잡이, 돌출부, 잡아당기다, 념시키다, 조정하다, 스스로 체념케 멍청이, 세게 끌다, 힘껏 끎, 돌기, 러 하다, 에 만족하게하다, 일치시키다. 그세일, 일정한 직업이 없는 게으름뱅 regularity: 규칙적임, 정규, 질서, 균형 이, 홱 당기다. , 정상, 일정불변, 조화. moderation: 적당, 완화, 중용. tread: 밟아 뭉개다, 걷다, 짓밟다, 밟다 occiput: 후두부, 후두. , 걸음걸이, 밟기, 교미하다, 가로장, pinch: 꼬집다, 인색하게 굴다, 죄다, 밟는 소리, 억누르다, 디딤판. 집다, 훔치다, 바싹조리차다, 어려움, tweak: 비틀기, 꼬집다, 명안, 왈칵 당 수척하게 하다, 움츠러들게 하다, 잘 김, 비틀다, 시스템의 소수 변경, 잡아 라내다, 체포하다-죄어들다꼭기다. 당기기, 정신 선경경련을 일으키다, reconcile: 화해시키다, 조화시키다, 단 정신 장애를 일으키다, 동요.

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excelling; the decision whereof should be left entirely to their own breast.” The highest tax was upon men who are the greatest favourites of the other sex, and the assessments, according to the number and nature of the favours they have received; for which, they are allowed to be their own vouchers. Wit, valour, and politeness, were likewise proposed to be largely taxed, and collected in the same manner, by every person’s giving his own word for the quantum of what he possessed. But as to honour, justice, wisdom, and learning, they should not be taxed at all; because they are qualifications of so singular a kind, that no man will either allow them in his neighbour or value them in himself.% The women were proposed to be taxed according to their beauty and skill in dressing, wherein they had the same privilege with the men, to be determined by their own judgment. But constancy, chastity, good sense, and good nature, were not rated, because they would not bear the charge of collecting. To keep senators in the interest of the crown, it was proposed that the members should raffle for employment; every man first taking an oath, and giving security, that he would vote for the court, whether he won or not; after which, the losers had, in their turn, the liberty of raffling upon the next vacancy. Thus, hope and expectation would be kept alive; none would complain of broken promises, but impute their disappointments wholly to fortune, whose shoulders are broader and stronger than those of a ministry. Another professor showed me a large paper of instructions for discovering plots and conspiracies against the government. He advised great statesmen to examine into the diet of all suspected persons; their times of eating; upon which side they lay in bed; with which hand they wipe their posteriors; take a strict view of their excrements, and, from the colour, the odour, the taste, the consistence, the crudeness or maturity of digestion, form a judgment of their thoughts and designs; because men are never so serious, thoughtful, and intent, as when they are at stool, which he found by frequent experiment; for, in such conjunctures, when he used, merely as a trial, to consider which was the best way of murdering the king, his ordure would have a tincture of green; but quite

Korean chastity: 순결, 간소, 청순, 성적금욕, 정숙. constancy: 항구성, 지조가 굳음, 불변, 절개, 절조, 불변성, 수절. digestion: 소화, 소화 작용, 소화제. expectation: 기대, 가망성, 예기, 예상, 유산 상속의 가망성, 바라는 목표. impute: 의 탓으로 하다, 전가하다, 에 게 돌리다, 씌우다, 의 탓이라고 하다, 돌리다. neighbour: 동포, 이웃의, 이웃하다,

같은 종류끼리서로 이웃하는 것, 서로 이웃하는 것, 이웃 사람. odour: 냄새, 평판, 기미. politeness: 공손. possessed: 침착한, 홀린, 미친, 흘려버 린. raffle: 쓰레기, 폐물, 복권식 판매에 가 입하다, 래플, 복권식 판매, 추첨식 판 매법, 추첨식 판매법으로 팔다, 추첨 식 판매에 가입하다, 복권 판매법으로 팔다, 복권으로 팔다, 추첨 판매에 한

몫 끼다. rated: 정격의. thoughtful: 생각에 잠긴, 주의 깊은, 인정있는, 사려 깊은, 생각이 깊은, 인 정 있는. vacancy: 공허, 결원, 공석, 방심, 틈, 빈곳, 공백, 빈 자리, 빈자리, 공간, 빈 터. wipe: 훔치다, 손수건, 훔치기, 닦다, 닦기, 닦아내다, 한번 닦기, 비비다, 빼다, 닦음, 주먹다짐.

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different, when he thought only of raising an insurrection, or burning the metropolis.% The whole discourse was written with great acuteness, containing many observations, both curious and useful for politicians; but, as I conceived, not altogether complete. This I ventured to tell the author, and offered, if he pleased, to supply him with some additions. He received my proposition with more compliance than is usual among writers, especially those of the projecting species, professing “he would be glad to receive further information.” I told him, “that in the kingdom of Tribnia, by the natives called Langdon, where I had sojourned some time in my travels, the bulk of the people consist in a manner wholly of discoverers, witnesses, informers, accusers, prosecutors, evidences, swearers, together with their several subservient and subaltern instruments, all under the colours, the conduct, and the pay of ministers of state, and their deputies. The plots, in that kingdom, are usually the workmanship of those persons who desire to raise their own characters of profound politicians; to restore new vigour to a crazy administration; to stifle or divert general discontents; to fill their coffers with forfeitures; and raise, or sink the opinion of public credit, as either shall best answer their private advantage. It is first agreed and settled among them, what suspected persons shall be accused of a plot; then, effectual care is taken to secure all their letters and papers, and put the owners in chains. These papers are delivered to a set of artists, very dexterous in finding out the mysterious meanings of words, syllables, and letters: for instance, they can discover a close stool, to signify a privy council; a flock of geese, a senate; a lame dog, an invader; the plague, a standing army; a buzzard, a prime minister; the gout, a high priest; a gibbet, a secretary of state; a chamber pot, a committee of grandees; a sieve, a court lady; a broom, a revolution; a mouse-trap, an employment; a bottomless pit, a treasury; a sink, a court; a cap and bells, a favourite; a broken reed, a court of justice; an empty tun, a general; a running sore, the administration. “When this method fails, they have two others more effectual, which the learned among them call acrostics and anagrams. First, they can decipher all

Korean acuteness: 날카로움, 명민함, 격심함. bottomless: 바닥의, 앉는 부분이 없는 , 밑바닥 없는, 누드의, 의자의 부분이 없는. broom: 비, 청소하다, 금작화, 비로 쓸 다, 긴자루 부러시, 긴자루 브러시, 빗 자루, 을 비로 쓸다. buzzard: 말똥가리, 멍청이, 아메리카 독수리. coffers: 금고. decipher: 암호를 풀다, 번역하다, 해

독하다, 수수께끼를 풀다, 풀다. gibbet: 교수대, 교수형에 처하다, 망신 주다, 교수대에 매달다. gout: 통풍, 방울, 취미, 응혈, 맛, 미각. insurrection: 폭동, 반란, 봉기. invader: 침입자, 침략자, 침력자. projecting: 돌출한. sieve: 거르다, 체, 체로 치다, 입이 가 벼운 사람, 조리. stifle: 억누르다, 질식시키다, 숨겨두 다, 진압하다, 끄다, 숨막히게하다. 끄

다, 숨막히게하다, 숨을 막다, 숨이 가 쁘다. subaltern: 하위의, 대위 이하의, 차관, 속관의, 대위 이하의 사관, 부관, 중위 , 특칭 명제, 중소위, 특칭의, 다음가 는. subservient: 비굴한, 도움이 되는, 복 종하는, 보조적인. tun: 큰 술통, 턴. workmanship: 솜씨, 완성된 품, 세공, 기량, 세공품.

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initial letters into political meanings. Thus N, shall signify a plot; B, a regiment of horse; L, a fleet at sea; or, secondly, by transposing the letters of the alphabet in any suspected paper, they can lay open the deepest designs of a discontented party. So, for example, if I should say, in a letter to a friend, ‘Our brother Tom has just got the piles,’ a skilful decipherer would discover, that the same letters which compose that sentence, may be analysed into the following words, ‘Resist -, a plot is brought home—The tour.’ And this is the anagrammatic method.” The professor made me great acknowledgments for communicating these observations, and promised to make honourable mention of me in his treatise.% I saw nothing in this country that could invite me to a longer continuance, and began to think of returning home to England.

Korean anagrammatic: 어구의 철자 바꾸기의, 철자를 바꾼 어구의. compose: 짓다, 구성하다, 조립하다, 조정하다, 작곡하다, 식자하다, 안치 하다, 작문하다, 짜맞추다, 가다듬다, 쓰다. discontented: 불만스러운, 불만을 품 은. initial: 최초의, 가조인하다, 처음의, 어두의, 머리글자, 첫글자, 머리글자 로 서명하다, 시초의, 낱말 첫머리, 이

니셜, 첫자로 서명하다. invite: 초대장, 초대하다, 끌다, 가져오 다, 초래하다, 간청하다, 자아내다, 부 탁하다, 끌다 쏠리게하다, 야기시키다 , 청하다. longer: 더 길게. mention: 이름을 들다, 진술하다, 언급 하다, 언급, 이름을 들기, 말하다. plot: 음모, 도면을 작성하다, 토지를 구획하다, 줄거리-계획하다, 음모를 꾸미다, 계획, 도면에 기입하다-음모

를 꾀하다, 음모를 꾀하다, 도면에 기 입하다, 작은 터, 획책하다. professor: 교수, 선생, 공언자, 신앙 고 백자, 교수의 직, 지휘자, 무용 따위의 선생, 요술 따위의 선생, 권투 따위의 선생. regiment: 연대, 연대로 편성하다, 다 수, 조직화 하다, 조직화하다, 통제하 다, 대군, 엄격히 통제하다, 많은 무리 , 지배, 연대에 편성하다. secondly: 둘째로, 다음.

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[The author leaves Lagado: arrives at Maldonada. No ship ready. He takes a short voyage to Glubbdubdrib. His reception by the governor.]

The continent, of which this kingdom is apart, extends itself, as I have reason to believe, eastward, to that unknown tract of America westward of California; and north, to the Pacific Ocean, which is not above a hundred and fifty miles from Lagado; where there is a good port, and much commerce with the great island of Luggnagg, situated to the north-west about 29 degrees north latitude, and 140 longitude. This island of Luggnagg stands south-eastward of Japan, about a hundred leagues distant. There is a strict alliance between the Japanese emperor and the king of Luggnagg; which affords frequent opportunities of sailing from one island to the other. I determined therefore to direct my course this way, in order to my return to Europe. I hired two mules, with a guide, to show me the way, and carry my small baggage. I took leave of my noble protector, who had shown me so much favour, and made me a generous present at my departure. My journey was without any accident or adventure worth relating. When I arrived at the port of Maldonada (for so it is called) there was no ship in the harbour bound for Luggnagg, nor likely to be in some time. The town is about as large as Portsmouth. I soon fell into some acquaintance, and was very hospitably

Korean alliance: 결연, 동맹, 협조, 협력, 동맹 자, 인척관계, 연합국, 결혼, 동맹국, 유사. apart: 떨어져, 대들다, 산산이, 떨어져 서, 별개로. baggage: 말괄량이, 군용 행낭, 수화물 , 닮고 닮은 여자, 바람난 여자, 휴대 품, 닳고 닳은 여자, 수하물, 짐. bound: 범위, 경계, 행의, 열중하여, 되 튀다, 뜀, 밀접한 관계에, 한계, 에 가 려고, 결심을 한, 확실한.

eastward: 동쪽의, 동쪽, 동쪽으로. generous: 관대한, 풍부한, 비옥한, 마 음이 넓은, 감칠맛이 있는, 기름지, 활 수한. harbour: 피난처, 항구, 은신처 숨기다, 품다 정박하다, 숨겨 주다, 잠시 묵다, 정박하다. journey: 여행하다, 여정, 여행, 보통 육로의 여행. north-west: 북서의, 북서로, 북서에 있 는, 캐나다 북서부, 캐나다 북서지방,

북서풍, 북서로에 있는, 북서, 북서에 서, 북서로에 면한, 북서로의. port: 항구, 태도, 포트 와인, 좌현, 좌 현으로 향하다, 항구 도시, 자세, 붉은 포도주, 무역항, 좌현의, 앞에 총의 자 세. sailing: 범주, 출범, 항행, 항해술, 순 조로운 진행, 항행력, 항해의. westward: 서방에, 서쪽의, 서쪽, 서쪽 으로 향하는, 서부 제국, 서쪽에, 서쪽 으로.

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received. A gentleman of distinction said to me, “that since the ships bound for Luggnagg could not be ready in less than a month, it might be no disagreeable amusement for me to take a trip to the little island of Glubbdubdrib, about five leagues off to the south-west.” He offered himself and a friend to accompany me, and that I should be provided with a small convenient bark for the voyage.% Glubbdubdrib, as nearly as I can interpret the word, signifies the island of sorcerers or magicians. It is about one third as large as the Isle of Wight, and extremely fruitful: it is governed by the head of a certain tribe, who are all magicians. This tribe marries only among each other, and the eldest in succession is prince or governor. He has a noble palace, and a park of about three thousand acres, surrounded by a wall of hewn stone twenty feet high. In this park are several small enclosures for cattle, corn, and gardening. The governor and his family are served and attended by domestics of a kind somewhat unusual. By his skill in necromancy he has a power of calling whom he pleases from the dead, and commanding their service for twenty-four hours, but no longer; nor can he call the same persons up again in less than three months, except upon very extraordinary occasions. When we arrived at the island, which was about eleven in the morning, one of the gentlemen who accompanied me went to the governor, and desired admittance for a stranger, who came on purpose to have the honour of attending on his highness. This was immediately granted, and we all three entered the gate of the palace between two rows of guards, armed and dressed after a very antic manner, and with something in their countenances that made my flesh creep with a horror I cannot express. We passed through several apartments, between servants of the same sort, ranked on each side as before, till we came to the chamber of presence; where, after three profound obeisances, and a few general questions, we were permitted to sit on three stools, near the lowest step of his highness’s throne. He understood the language of Balnibarbi, although it was different from that of this island. He desired me to give him some account of my travels; and, to let me see that I should be treated without ceremony, he dismissed all his attendants with a turn of his finger; at which, to my great

Korean accompany: 반주하다, 따르다, 따르게 원술. 하다, 동반하다. gentlemen: 남자분, 신사, 아마추어 선 antic: 이상한, 야릇한, 기괴한-익살맞 수, 남자용 화장실, 유산 유한 계급의 은 짓, 익살떨다, 어릿광대-익살떨다, 사람, 귀족이 아니면서 가문을 다는 어릿광대, 기괴한 짓, 익살맞은 행동, 특권을 가진 사람. 익살스러운 몸짓. interpret: 해석하다, 통역하다, 연주하 bark: 짖다, 기나피, 기침 소리, 기침을 다, 설명하다, 이해하다, 판단하다, 해 하다, 포성, 총성, 나무 껍질로 덮다, 몽하다, 기계 번역하다, 기계번역하다 나무껍질, 소리지르다, 배, 피부-껍질 , 의 통역을 하다, 자기의 해석에 따라 을 벗기다. 서 연주하다. gardening: 원예, 조원, 뜰 가꾸기, 조 month: 달, 월, 한달.

necromancy: 마술, 점, 마법, 죽ㅇ은 자와의 교령으로 미래를 점치는 점. profound: 깊은, 마음으로부터의, 심 원한, 정중한, 마음에서 우러나는, 충 심의, 의미 심장한, 심해, 깊은 속마음 , 심연, 충분한. succession: 연속, 계승, 상속, 상속자 들, 계승권, 상속권, 연속물. tribe: 종족, 부족, 족, 패거리, 대가족, 이스라엘 12 지파의 하나, 다수의 사 람, 다수의 동물.

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astonishment, they vanished in an instant, like visions in a dream when we awake on a sudden. I could not recover myself in some time, till the governor assured me, “that I should receive no hurt:” and observing my two companions to be under no concern, who had been often entertained in the same manner, I began to take courage, and related to his highness a short history of my several adventures; yet not without some hesitation, and frequently looking behind me to the place where I had seen those domestic spectres. I had the honour to dine with the governor, where a new set of ghosts served up the meat, and waited at table. I now observed myself to be less terrified than I had been in the morning. I stayed till sunset, but humbly desired his highness to excuse me for not accepting his invitation of lodging in the palace. My two friends and I lay at a private house in the town adjoining, which is the capital of this little island; and the next morning we returned to pay our duty to the governor, as he was pleased to command us.% After this manner we continued in the island for ten days, most part of every day with the governor, and at night in our lodging. I soon grew so familiarized to the sight of spirits, that after the third or fourth time they gave me no emotion at all: or, if I had any apprehensions left, my curiosity prevailed over them. For his highness the governor ordered me “to call up whatever persons I would choose to name, and in whatever numbers, among all the dead from the beginning of the world to the present time, and command them to answer any questions I should think fit to ask; with this condition, that my questions must be confined within the compass of the times they lived in. And one thing I might depend upon, that they would certainly tell me the truth, for lying was a talent of no use in the lower world.” I made my humble acknowledgments to his highness for so great a favour. We were in a chamber, from whence there was a fair prospect into the park. And because my first inclination was to be entertained with scenes of pomp and magnificence, I desired to see Alexander the Great at the head of his army, just after the battle of Arbela: which, upon a motion of the governor’s finger, immediately appeared in a large field, under the window where we stood.

Korean accepting: 어음 인수 상사. awake: 깨우다, 일으키다, 깨다, 깨닫 다, 방심 않는, 잘 알아채서, 깨어서, 자각시키다-눈뜨다, 자각시키다, 눈 뜨다, 분기하다-깨어서. depend: 의지하다, 믿다, 의존하다, 종 속하다, 매달리다, 나름이다, 미결이 다. emotion: 감동, 정서, 감정. excuse: 구실, 용서하다, 변명하다, 보 아주다, 사과, 핑계, 발뺌, 변명, 면제

하다-변명, 면제하다, 이유. 가망, 기대, 시험하다, 단골이 될 듯한 governor: 통치자, 지배자, 회장, 두목, 손님, 단골이 될 듯한 손님-찾다, 답 지사, 주인어른, 장관, 사령관, 조절기 사하다, 전망. , 총재, 영감. sunset: 말기, 해질녘, 일몰, 저녁놀, 종 instant: 순간, 절박한, 즉시, 즉각의, 말, 일물. 긴급한, 즉석의, 즉각, 즉석식의, 인스 talent: 재능, 연예인, 재능 있는 사람들 턴트식품, 인스턴트커피, 이달의. , 인재, 고대 그리스, 재주, 탤런트, 히 invitation: 초대, 유언, 유혹, 유인, 초 부리의 무게 이름, 재능 있는 사람, 자 빙, 권유, 도전, 매력, 안내장. 기 마음대로 거는 사람들. pomp: 허식, 장관, 화려, 화려함. terrified: 겁먹은, 무서워하는, 겁에 질 prospect: 예상, 시굴하다, 조망, 경치, 린.

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Alexander was called up into the room: it was with great difficulty that I understood his Greek, and had but little of my own. He assured me upon his honour “that he was not poisoned, but died of a bad fever by excessive drinking.” Next, I saw Hannibal passing the Alps, who told me “he had not a drop of vinegar in his camp.” I saw Caesar and Pompey at the head of their troops, just ready to engage. I saw the former, in his last great triumph. I desired that the senate of Rome might appear before me, in one large chamber, and an assembly of somewhat a later age in counterview, in another. The first seemed to be an assembly of heroes and demigods; the other, a knot of pedlars, pick-pockets, highwayman, and bullies.% The governor, at my request, gave the sign for Caesar and Brutus to advance towards us. I was struck with a profound veneration at the sight of Brutus, and could easily discover the most consummate virtue, the greatest intrepidity and firmness of mind, the truest love of his country, and general benevolence for mankind, in every lineament of his countenance. I observed, with much pleasure, that these two persons were in good intelligence with each other; and Caesar freely confessed to me, “that the greatest actions of his own life were not equal, by many degrees, to the glory of taking it away.” I had the honour to have much conversation with Brutus; and was told, “that his ancestor Junius, Socrates, Epaminondas, Cato the younger, Sir Thomas More, and himself were perpetually together:” a sextumvirate, to which all the ages of the world cannot add a seventh. It would be tedious to trouble the reader with relating what vast numbers of illustrious persons were called up to gratify that insatiable desire I had to see the world in every period of antiquity placed before me. I chiefly fed mine eyes with beholding the destroyers of tyrants and usurpers, and the restorers of liberty to oppressed and injured nations. But it is impossible to express the satisfaction I received in my own mind, after such a manner as to make it a suitable entertainment to the reader.

Korean ancestor: 조상, 선주, 원형, 선조, 피상 속박하다, 당기다, 종사시키다, 교전 속인. 시키다, 관계된. benevolence: 자선, 자비심, 인정, 덕 fever: 열병, 열, 발열시키다, 열광, 열 행, 덕세. 광적인, 열병의, 열이 있는, 흥분 상태 consummate: 완전한, 유능한, 마치다, , 흥분, 열병에 걸리게 걸리다, 열병에 완성된, 완성하다, 이루다, 극점에 달 걸리게 하다. 하게 하다, 더없는, 무상의, 성취하다, firmness: 견고, 견실, 단단함, 결의가 신방에 들어완성시키다. 굳은, 확고 부동, 확고부동. counterview: 대항, 반대의견, 대면. glory: 장관, 기뻐하다, 영광, 후광, 명 engage: 약속하다, 교전하다, 걸리다, 예, 번영, 죽다, 송영, 자랑하다, 찬미, 예약하다, 고용하다, 정치에 관계된, 성조기.

highwayman: 노상강도, 노상 강도. lineament: 얼굴 생김새, 용모, 특징, 눈 생김새, 코 생김새, 외형. senate: 원로원, 상원, 의회, 평의원회, 이사회, 입법부. seventh: 일곱째의, 일곱 번째로, 제칠, 제칠의, 칠도, 칠분의 하나, 칠분의 하 나의, 칠일, 일곱번째의 사람, 일곱번 째의 사물. vinegar: 초, 식초, 활력, 에 초를 치다, 찡그린 표정, 에 초를 섞다.

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[A further account of Glubbdubdrib. Ancient and modern history corrected.]

Having a desire to see those ancients who were most renowned for wit and learning, I set apart one day on purpose. I proposed that Homer and Aristotle might appear at the head of all their commentators; but these were so numerous, that some hundreds were forced to attend in the court, and outward rooms of the palace. I knew, and could distinguish those two heroes, at first sight, not only from the crowd, but from each other. Homer was the taller and comelier person of the two, walked very erect for one of his age, and his eyes were the most quick and piercing I ever beheld. Aristotle stooped much, and made use of a staff. His visage was meagre, his hair lank and thin, and his voice hollow. I soon discovered that both of them were perfect strangers to the rest of the company, and had never seen or heard of them before; and I had a whisper from a ghost who shall be nameless, “that these commentators always kept in the most distant quarters from their principals, in the lower world, through a consciousness of shame and guilt, because they had so horribly misrepresented the meaning of those authors to posterity.” I introduced Didymus and Eustathius to Homer, and prevailed on him to treat them better than perhaps they deserved, for he soon found they wanted a genius to enter into the spirit of a poet. But Aristotle was out of all patience with the account I gave him of Scotus and Ramus, as I

Korean ancient: 옛날의, 고래의, 늙은, 고대의, 기수, 헌, 구식의, 노령의. aristotle: 아리스토텔레스. distinguish: 구별하다, 분류하다, 분간 하다, 두르러지가하다, 수훈을 세우다 , 이름을 떨치다, 구별이 되다, 구별하 는, 판별하다, 두드러지게 하다, 식별 하다. ghost: 유령, 환영, 망령, 영적인, 유령 의, 환상, 근소한 가능성, 혼, 을 따라 다니다, -을 따라 다니다, 대작하다.

guilt: 죄, 비행, 유죄, 죄의식. homer: 호머, 홈런, 호메로스, 전서비 둘기. horribly: 무섭게. nameless: 무명의, 명명되지 않은, 익 명의, 서출의, 이름 없는, 형언할수 없 는, 이름없는, 언어도단의, 언어 도단 의, 알 수 없는, 세상에 알려지지 않은 . numerous: 다수의, 곡조가 아름다운, 많은, 셀수 없이 많은, 수많은.

piercing: 꿰찌르는, 날카로운, 뼈에 사 무치는, 통찰력 있는, 꿰뚫는. poet: 시인, 시인 기질의 사람, 가인. shame: 치욕, 불명예, 수치, 창피한 일, 부끄럼, 부끄러워 하게 하다, 모욕하 다, 부끄럽게 하다, 부끄러움, 심한 짓 , 잡된 행실. treat: 대접하다, 논하다, 대우하다, 간 주하다, 취급하다, 한턱, 향응하다, 향 음, 한턱내다, 즐거운 일, 처리하다. visage: 얼굴, 얼굴 모습.

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presented%them to him; and he asked them, “whether the rest of the tribe were as great dunces as themselves?” I then desired the governor to call up Descartes and Gassendi, with whom I prevailed to explain their systems to Aristotle. This great philosopher freely acknowledged his own mistakes in natural philosophy, because he proceeded in many things upon conjecture, as all men must do; and he found that Gassendi, who had made the doctrine of Epicurus as palatable as he could, and the vortices of Descartes, were equally to be exploded. He predicted the same fate to attraction, whereof the present learned are such zealous asserters. He said, “that new systems of nature were but new fashions, which would vary in every age; and even those, who pretend to demonstrate them from mathematical principles, would flourish but a short period of time, and be out of vogue when that was determined.” I spent five days in conversing with many others of the ancient learned. I saw most of the first Roman emperors. I prevailed on the governor to call up Heliogabalus’s cooks to dress us a dinner, but they could not show us much of their skill, for want of materials. A helot of Agesilaus made us a dish of Spartan broth, but I was not able to get down a second spoonful. The two gentlemen, who conducted me to the island, were pressed by their private affairs to return in three days, which I employed in seeing some of the modern dead, who had made the greatest figure, for two or three hundred years past, in our own and other countries of Europe; and having been always a great admirer of old illustrious families, I desired the governor would call up a dozen or two of kings, with their ancestors in order for eight or nine generations. But my disappointment was grievous and unexpected. For, instead of a long train with royal diadems, I saw in one family two fiddlers, three spruce courtiers, and an Italian prelate. In another, a barber, an abbot, and two cardinals. I have too great a veneration for crowned heads, to dwell any longer on so nice a subject. But as to counts, marquises, dukes, earls, and the like, I was not so scrupulous. And I confess, it was not without some pleasure, that I found myself able to trace the particular features, by which certain families are distinguished, up to their

Korean abbot: 수도원장, 대수도원장. acknowledged: 일반적으로 인정된, 정평 있는, 정평있는. broth: 묽은수프, 묽은 수프. crowned: 왕관을 쓴, 춤이 있는, 왕위 에 오른, 관식을 단. disappointment: 실망. exploded: 기계를 분해하여 부품의 상 호 관계를 나타내는, 논파된, 폭발한. fate: 운명, 운, 죽음, 숙명, 파멸, 운명 의 삼여신.

flourish: 휘두르다, 과시, 문자로 쓰다, 번영하다, 세찬 휘두름, 자랑해 보이 다, 화려하게 쓰다, 활약하다, 융성, 번영, 재빠르게 휘두르기. grievous: 슬픈, 비통한, 괴로운, 쓰라 린, 심한, 애처로운, 괴롭게 하는, 한 탄할 만한. helot: 노예, 농노, 헬롯. palatable: 상쾌한, 맛좋은. prelate: 고위 성직자. pretend: 속이다, 자부하다, 인 체하다,

거짓의, 감히..하려고 하다, 가장하다, 체하다, 공상상의, 요구하다, 구실로 삼다. scrupulous: 양심적인, 고지식한, 신중 한, 주의 깊은, 정확한, 꼼꼼한. spoonful: 한 술, 숟가락 하나 가득. spruce: 말쑥한, 말쑥하게 하다, 가문 비나무속의 나무, 그 재목, 말쑥하게 꾸미다, 모양내다, 가문비, 몸치장시 키다, 조촐한. vogue: 인기, 유행, 대유행, 유행의.

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originals. I could plainly discover whence one family derives a long chin; why a second has abounded with knaves for two generations, and fools for two more; why a third happened to be crack-brained, and a fourth to be sharpers; whence it came, what Polydore Virgil says of a certain great house, Nec vir fortis, nec foemina casta; how cruelty, falsehood, and cowardice, grew to be characteristics by which certain families are distinguished as much as by their coats of arms; who first brought the pox into a noble house, which has lineally descended scrofulous tumours to their posterity. Neither could I wonder at all this, when I saw such an interruption of lineages, by pages, lackeys, valets, coachmen, gamesters, fiddlers, players, captains, and pickpockets.% I was chiefly disgusted with modern history. For having strictly examined all the persons of greatest name in the courts of princes, for a hundred years past, I found how the world had been misled by prostitute writers, to ascribe the greatest exploits in war, to cowards; the wisest counsel, to fools; sincerity, to flatterers; Roman virtue, to betrayers of their country; piety, to atheists; chastity, to sodomites; truth, to informers: how many innocent and excellent persons had been condemned to death or banishment by the practising of great ministers upon the corruption of judges, and the malice of factions: how many villains had been exalted to the highest places of trust, power, dignity, and profit: how great a share in the motions and events of courts, councils, and senates might be challenged by bawds, whores, pimps, parasites, and buffoons. How low an opinion I had of human wisdom and integrity, when I was truly informed of the springs and motives of great enterprises and revolutions in the world, and of the contemptible accidents to which they owed their success. Here I discovered the roguery and ignorance of those who pretend to write anecdotes, or secret history; who send so many kings to their graves with a cup of poison; will repeat the discourse between a prince and chief minister, where no witness was by; unlock the thoughts and cabinets of ambassadors and secretaries of state; and have the perpetual misfortune to be mistaken. Here I discovered the true causes of many great events that have surprised the world; how a whore can govern the back-stairs, the back-stairs a council, and the council

Korean ascribe: 탓으로 하다, 돌리다, 에 돌리 다, 에 속하는 것으로 생각하다. banishment: 추방, 방축, 배척, 유형. cabinets: 캐비닛. corruption: 부패, 타락, 전와, 순수성 상실, 개악, 매수, 폐풍, 퇴폐, 부정, 변조, 독직. counsel: 상담, 협의, 계획, 충고, 조언 하다, 변호사, 결심, 법률고문, 사려, 조언, 평의. cowardice: 겁, 비겁, 소심.

fortis: 경음. graves: 포도주, 그라부산. interruption: 중단, 방해, 가로막음, 중 절, 불통. lineally: 길쭉한, 선형적으로, 직선적 으로. misled: 그릇 인도하다, 현혹시키다. poison: 독, 해독, 헤치다, 독살하다, 해로운, 폐해-독을 넣다, 폐해, 독약, 못쓰게 하다-해로운, 못쓰게 하다, 독 을 넣다.

pox: 매독, 수두, 수두에 감염되다, 창 병, 창병에 감염되다, 천연두, 천연두 에 감염되다, 특히 매독에 감염되다. roguery: 나쁜 짓, 장난, 사기. sincerity: 성실, 성의, 정직. surprised: 놀란, 놀라다. unlock: 자물쇠를 열다, 털어놓다, 열 다, 자물쇠가 열리다, 터놓다. whore: 매춘부, 매춘 행위를 하다, 매 춘부와 놀다, 타락시키다, 갈보 취급 하다, 암캐, 매춘하다, 사교에 빠지다.

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a senate. A general confessed, in my presence, “that he got a victory purely by the force of cowardice and ill conduct;” and an admiral, “that, for want of proper intelligence, he beat the enemy, to whom he intended to betray the fleet.” Three kings protested to me, “that in their whole reigns they never did once prefer any person of merit, unless by mistake, or treachery of some minister in whom they confided; neither would they do it if they were to live again:” and they showed, with great strength of reason, “that the royal throne could not be supported without corruption, because that positive, confident, restiff temper, which virtue infused into a man, was a perpetual clog to public business.”% I had the curiosity to inquire in a particular manner, by what methods great numbers had procured to themselves high titles of honour, and prodigious estates; and I confined my inquiry to a very modern period: however, without grating upon present times, because I would be sure to give no offence even to foreigners (for I hope the reader need not be told, that I do not in the least intend my own country, in what I say upon this occasion,) a great number of persons concerned were called up; and, upon a very slight examination, discovered such a scene of infamy, that I cannot reflect upon it without some seriousness. Perjury, oppression, subornation, fraud, pandarism, and the like infirmities, were among the most excusable arts they had to mention; and for these I gave, as it was reasonable, great allowance. But when some confessed they owed their greatness and wealth to sodomy, or incest; others, to the prostituting of their own wives and daughters; others, to the betraying of their country or their prince; some, to poisoning; more to the perverting of justice, in order to destroy the innocent, I hope I may be pardoned, if these discoveries inclined me a little to abate of that profound veneration, which I am naturally apt to pay to persons of high rank, who ought to be treated with the utmost respect due to their sublime dignity, by us their inferiors. I had often read of some great services done to princes and states, and desired to see the persons by whom those services were performed. Upon inquiry I was told, “that their names were to be found on no record, except a few of them, whom history has represented as the vilest of rogues and traitors.” As to

Korean abate: 덜다, 내리다, 할인하다, 누구러 지다, 누그러뜨리다, 누그러지다, 줄 다 약해지다, 중지하다, 감소시키다, 배제하다. betray: 나타내다, 누설하다, 배반하다, 저버리다, 유괴하다, 배신하다, 팔다, 속이다, 무심코 드러내다, 거역하다, 에 위배하다. clog: 막다, 방해하다, 무겁게 하다, 무 거운 통나무를 달다, 막히다, 나막신 춤을 추다, 나막신, 막히게 하다, 괴롭

히다, 괴롭게 하다, 무거운통나무. excusable: 변명이 서는, 용서할수있는 , 용서할 수 있는. greatness: 큼, 탁월, 위대, 다대함, 저 명, 웅대, 다대, 거대, 거대함, 중대, 다량. incest: 근친 상간, 상피. infamy: 불명예, 오명, 악평, 파렴치한 행위, 추행, 비행, 파렴치죄에 의한 공 민권상실. inferiors: 하위의.

perjury: 위증, 거짓 맹세, 약속을 어기 기, 서약을 어기기. poisoning: 중독. seriousness: 정색, 진지, 용이치 않음, 딱딱함, 엄숙, 중대, 심각함, 중대함, 진지함. sodomy: 남색, 비역, 수간. subornation: 매수, 허위 맹세의 교사, 거짓맹세시킴, 허위 맹세시킴, 허위 위증의 교사. treachery: 배반, 배신, 반역.

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the%rest, I had never once heard of them. They all appeared with dejected looks, and in the meanest habit; most of them telling me, “they died in poverty and disgrace, and the rest on a scaffold or a gibbet.” Among others, there was one person, whose case appeared a little singular. He had a youth about eighteen years old standing by his side. He told me, “he had for many years been commander of a ship; and in the sea fight at Actium had the good fortune to break through the enemy’s great line of battle, sink three of their capital ships, and take a fourth, which was the sole cause of Antony’s flight, and of the victory that ensued; that the youth standing by him, his only son, was killed in the action.” He added, “that upon the confidence of some merit, the war being at an end, he went to Rome, and solicited at the court of Augustus to be preferred to a greater ship, whose commander had been killed; but, without any regard to his pretensions, it was given to a boy who had never seen the sea, the son of Libertina, who waited on one of the emperor’s mistresses. Returning back to his own vessel, he was charged with neglect of duty, and the ship given to a favourite page of Publicola, the vice-admiral; whereupon he retired to a poor farm at a great distance from Rome, and there ended his life.” I was so curious to know the truth of this story, that I desired Agrippa might be called, who was admiral in that fight. He appeared, and confirmed the whole account: but with much more advantage to the captain, whose modesty had extenuated or concealed a great part of his merit. I was surprised to find corruption grown so high and so quick in that empire, by the force of luxury so lately introduced; which made me less wonder at many parallel cases in other countries, where vices of all kinds have reigned so much longer, and where the whole praise, as well as pillage, has been engrossed by the chief commander, who perhaps had the least title to either. As every person called up made exactly the same appearance he had done in the world, it gave me melancholy reflections to observe how much the race of human kind was degenerated among us within these hundred years past; how the pox, under all its consequences and denominations had altered every lineament of an English countenance; shortened the size of bodies, unbraced the

Korean charged: 긴장된, 논쟁이 일어날 것 같 은, 대전한, 마약에 취한, 실효전하를 가진, 일촉즉발의. confirmed: 확인된, 굳어버린, 만성인, 만성의, 비준된, 뿌리깊은, 상습적인, 손댈 수 없는, 완고한, 확립된. dejected: 기운 없는, 낙담한, 낙심한. empire: 제국, 절대 지배권, 대영제국, 왕국, 제 일프랑스 제국 시대풍의, 제 왕의 주권. luxury: 사치, 사치품, 쾌락, 호화, 비싼

물건, 유쾌함. 살아 있는, 이해가 빠른, 급소, 서둘러 neglect: 태만, 게을리하다, 소홀, 무시 서, 상처의 붉은 살, 빠른, 중요 부분. 하다, 무시, 하지 않다, 태만하여, 소 regard: 관계하다, 점, 관계, 주의, 존경 홀히하다, 부주의한, 경시하다, 간과 , 주시, 배려, 유의하다, 관심, 호의, 하다. 주목하다. parallel: 평행의, 평행선, 평행부호, 대 retired: 외딴, 퇴직한, 궁벽한, 사양하 응하는, 유사물, 유사한, 위선, 동일방 는, 은퇴한, 구석진, 삼가는, 퇴역한, 향의, 평행, 비교, 같은 것으로 들다. 시골 구석의. pillage: 약탈, 약탈하다. sole: 유일한, 단독의, 발바닥, 미혼의, poverty: 가난, 결핍, 불모, 빈약. 독점적인, 혀가자미, 신바닥, 밑부분, quick: 빨리, 재빠른, 성급한, 민감한, 혀넙치, 바닥, 창을 대다.

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nerves, relaxed the sinews and muscles, introduced a sallow complexion, and rendered the flesh loose and rancid.% I descended so low, as to desire some English yeoman of the old stamp might be summoned to appear; once so famous for the simplicity of their manners, diet, and dress; for justice in their dealings; for their true spirit of liberty; for their valour, and love of their country. Neither could I be wholly unmoved, after comparing the living with the dead, when I considered how all these pure native virtues were prostituted for a piece of money by their grand-children; who, in selling their votes and managing at elections, have acquired every vice and corruption that can possibly be learned in a court.

Korean dealings: 교섭. diet: 규정식, 국회, 정식회의, 의회, 규 정식을 주다, 일상의 음식물, 상삭, 식 이요법, 음식물, 다이어트. flesh: 고기, 육체, 살, 인류, 육욕, 식육 , 생물, 살집, 살색, 과육, 친척. learned: 학구적인, 학식 있는, 학자의, 학문상의, 학문이 있는, 학식이 있는. managing: 인색한, 관리하는, 처리하 는, 잘꾸려 나가는, 간섭 잘하는, 수뇌 의, 처리를 잘하는, 절약하는, 간섭하

고 싶어하는, 경영을 잘하는. 물, 누르스름한 색이 되게 되다, 누르 nerves: 신경 과민, 신경 이상, 근원. 스름한 빛깔, 누르스름한 색이 되게 pure: 순수한, 순혈의, 단순한, 순전한, 하다. 더러움 없는, 오점 없는, 깨끗한, 순이 simplicity: 간소, 순진, 단순, 소박, 평 론적인-순수한 것, 순이론적인, 완전 이, 무지, 간단, 우직. 한, 고결한. stamp: 종류, 분쇄하다, 우표를 붙이다 relaxed: 긴장을 푼, 힘을 뺀, 무간한, , 타인기, 우표, 특징, 표, 스탬프, 수 딱딱하지 않은, 느긋한, 관대한, 느슨 입 인지, 쇄석기, 도장. 한. yeoman: 자작농, 종자, 기마 의용병, sallow: 누르스름한, 땅버들, 창백하게 소지주, 하사관, 자유민, 향사, 서무계 하다, 혈색이 나쁜, 버드나무속의 식 , 국왕의 시종, 제후.

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%IX

[The author returns to Maldonada. Sails to the kingdom of Luggnagg. The author confined. He is sent for to court. The manner of his admittance. The king’s great lenity to his subjects.]

The day of our departure being come, I took leave of his highness, the Governor of Glubbdubdrib, and returned with my two companions to Maldonada, where, after a fortnight’s waiting, a ship was ready to sail for Luggnagg. The two gentlemen, and some others, were so generous and kind as to furnish me with provisions, and see me on board. I was a month in this voyage. We had one violent storm, and were under a necessity of steering westward to get into the trade wind, which holds for above sixty leagues. On the 21st of April, 1708, we sailed into the river of Clumegnig, which is a seaport town, at the south-east point of Luggnagg. We cast anchor within a league of the town, and made a signal for a pilot. Two of them came on board in less than half an hour, by whom we were guided between certain shoals and rocks, which are very dangerous in the passage, to a large basin, where a fleet may ride in safety within a cable’s length of the town-wall. Some of our sailors, whether out of treachery or inadvertence, had informed the pilots “that I was a stranger, and great traveller;” whereof these gave notice to a custom-house officer, by whom I was examined very strictly upon my

Korean basin: 대야, 세면기, 웅덩이 유역, 분 작풍, 예절, 양식, 생활 양식, 종류, 예 지, 한 대야 가득, 반층, 웅덩이, 독. 의. dangerous: 위험한, 위독한, 무시무시 passage: 통로, 여행, 통행권, 통행, 뱃 한, 위험하게. 삯, 격투, 밀담, 진행, 논쟁, 출입구, examined: 검토하는, 심리하는, 검사 통과. 하는, 진찰하는, 조사하는, 심사하는, pilot: 조종사, 지도자, 수로 안내인, 지 심문하는, 시험하는. 도하다, 키잡이, 도선사, 예비거인, 안 guided: 안내를 받은. 내의, 비행기를 조종하다, 비행기를 inadvertence: 부주의, 실수, 소홀실수, 조종하다-시험적인, 시험적인. 잘못. returned: 송환된, 돌려보내진, 돌아 온 manner: 방법, 방식, 풍습, 태도, 다소, , 돌아온.

signal: 신호, 신호의, 의 전조가 되다, 훌륭한, 짝패에게 보내는 암호의 수, 군호, 신호로 알리다, 뛰어난, 도화선, 신호를 보내다, 신호기. violent: 난폭한, 맹렬한, 격심한, 지독 한, 폭력에 의한, 횡사, 과격한, 심한, 격정에 의한, 격렬한. waiting: 기다리는 시간, 기다리는, 기 다림, 시중듦, 시중드는, 시중들기, 대 기 시간.

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landing. %This officer spoke to me in the language of Balnibarbi, which, by the force of much commerce, is generally understood in that town, especially by seamen and those employed in the customs. I gave him a short account of some particulars, and made my story as plausible and consistent as I could; but I thought it necessary to disguise my country, and call myself a Hollander; because my intentions were for Japan, and I knew the Dutch were the only Europeans permitted to enter into that kingdom. I therefore told the officer, “that having been shipwrecked on the coast of Balnibarbi, and cast on a rock, I was received up into Laputa, or the flying island (of which he had often heard), and was now endeavouring to get to Japan, whence I might find a convenience of returning to my own country.” The officer said, “I must be confined till he could receive orders from court, for which he would write immediately, and hoped to receive an answer in a fortnight.” I was carried to a convenient lodging with a sentry placed at the door; however, I had the liberty of a large garden, and was treated with humanity enough, being maintained all the time at the king’s charge. I was invited by several persons, chiefly out of curiosity, because it was reported that I came from countries very remote, of which they had never heard. I hired a young man, who came in the same ship, to be an interpreter; he was a native of Luggnagg, but had lived some years at Maldonada, and was a perfect master of both languages. By his assistance, I was able to hold a conversation with those who came to visit me; but this consisted only of their questions, and my answers. The despatch came from court about the time we expected. It contained a warrant for conducting me and my retinue to Traldragdubh, or Trildrogdrib (for it is pronounced both ways as near as I can remember), by a party of ten horse. All my retinue was that poor lad for an interpreter, whom I persuaded into my service, and, at my humble request, we had each of us a mule to ride on. A messenger was despatched half a day’s journey before us, to give the king notice of my approach, and to desire, “that his majesty would please to appoint a day and hour, when it would by his gracious pleasure that I might have the honour to lick the dust before his footstool.” This is the court style, and I found it to be

Korean appoint: 귀속을 정하다, 임명하다, 지 명하다, 지정하다, 비품을 갖추다, 설 비를 갖추다, 임명권을 행사하다, 정 하다, 지명권을 행사하다, 명하다. consistent: 일관된, 언행이 일치된, 철 저한, 시종 일관돼 있는, 견실한, 견실 히, 모순없는, 일치하는, 모순이 없는, 지조있는. contained: 억제하는, 조심스러운. conversation: 회화, 담화, 대화, 비공 식 회담, 성교, 좌담, 사교, 친교.

disguise: 속이다, 거짓꾸밈, 변장하다, 구실, 거짓 꾸미다, 가장복, 변장, 감 추다-변장, 감추다, 변장시키다, 변신 . dust: 먼지, 흙, 가루, 티끌, 인체, 유해, 쓰레기, 분말, 무덤, 먼지를 떨다, 굴 욕을 받고. humanity: 인류, 인간성, 인정, 인간, 인문 과학, 박애, 인간임, 사람의 속성 , 자선 행위, 라틴 문학, 인간애. landing: 상륙, 착륙, 상륙장, 층계 참,

층계참. lick: 핥다, 속력, 에 이기다, 조금, 넘실 거리다, 한번 핥기, 핥음, 해내다, 일 격, 급속히 번지다, 너울거리다. mule: 노새, 잡종, 고집쟁이, 슬리퍼, 얼간이, 외고집쟁이, 뒤축 없는 슬리 퍼, 동식물의 잡종, 뮬 정방기. plausible: 그럴 듯한, 말솜씨가 좋은, 그럴듯한. pronounced: 뚜렷한, 명백한, 단호한. sentry: 보초, 파수, 망꾼.

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more %than matter of form: for, upon my admittance two days after my arrival, I was commanded to crawl upon my belly, and lick the floor as I advanced; but, on account of my being a stranger, care was taken to have it made so clean, that the dust was not offensive. However, this was a peculiar grace, not allowed to any but persons of the highest rank, when they desire an admittance. Nay, sometimes the floor is strewed with dust on purpose, when the person to be admitted happens to have powerful enemies at court; and I have seen a great lord with his mouth so crammed, that when he had crept to the proper distance from the throne; he was not able to speak a word. Neither is there any remedy; because it is capital for those, who receive an audience to spit or wipe their mouths in his majesty’s presence. There is indeed another custom, which I cannot altogether approve of: when the king has a mind to put any of his nobles to death in a gentle indulgent manner, he commands the floor to be strewed with a certain brown powder of a deadly composition, which being licked up, infallibly kills him in twenty-four hours. But in justice to this prince’s great clemency, and the care he has of his subjects’ lives (wherein it were much to be wished that the Monarchs of Europe would imitate him), it must be mentioned for his honour, that strict orders are given to have the infected parts of the floor well washed after every such execution, which, if his domestics neglect, they are in danger of incurring his royal displeasure. I myself heard him give directions, that one of his pages should be whipped, whose turn it was to give notice about washing the floor after an execution, but maliciously had omitted it; by which neglect a young lord of great hopes, coming to an audience, was unfortunately poisoned, although the king at that time had no design against his life. But this good prince was so gracious as to forgive the poor page his whipping, upon promise that he would do so no more, without special orders. To return from this digression. When I had crept within four yards of the throne, I raised myself gently upon my knees, and then striking my forehead seven times against the ground, I pronounced the following words, as they had been taught me the night before, Inckpling gloffthrobb squut serummblhiop mlashnalt zwin tnodbalkuffh slhiophad gurdlubh asht. This is the compliment, established by the laws of the land, for all persons admitted to the king’s

Korean admitted: 시인된, 공인된, 명백한. deadly: 치명적인, 심한, 몹시, 죽음 같 은, 주검처럼, 용서 할수 없는, 용서 할수 없는-주검처럼, 죽음과 같은, 죽 은 사람과 같은, 매우 효과적인, 살려 둘 수 없는. digression: 지엽으로 흐름, 여담, 탈선 , 이각. forehead: 이마, 전부, 앞부분, 부분, 앞 부분. forgive: 용서하다, 삭치다, 빚을탕감하

다, 빚을 탕감하다, 면제하다, 삭히다, 기다, 나란히 세우다. 관대히 봐주다. spit: 뱉다, 내뱉듯이 말하다, 곶, 한두 infected: 병균을 혼입하는, 병독을 혼 송이씩 흩날리다, 꿰찌르다, 돌출한 입하는, 영향을 미치는, 감염되는, 물 모래톱, 후두두 후두두 내리다, 성나 들게 하, 물들이는. 서 그렁거림, 성나서 그르렁거리다, peculiar: 독특한, 묘한, 특유한, 특성, 제거품, 굽는 꼬챙이. 괴상함, 특별한, 사유 재산, 고유한, washing: 세탁물, 씻겨 나온것, 빨래물 특수 지역, 특수 교구, 다른 관구의 감 , 빨래, 세탁, 세탁용의, 세광하여 채 독 지배하의 특수 지역. 취한 사금, 씻음, 엷은 피복, 물. rank: 열, 계급, 지독한, 병졸, 고관, 평 whipping: 채찍질, 던질낚시질, 끝매 가하다, 횡렬, 군대, 고위, 등급을 매 듭, 급히 움직임, 패배.

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presence. It may be rendered into English thus: “May your celestial majesty outlive the sun, eleven moons and a half!” To this the king returned some answer, which, although I could not understand, yet I replied as I had been directed: Fluft drin yalerick dwuldom prastrad mirpush, which properly signifies, “My tongue is in the mouth of my friend;” and by this expression was meant, that I desired leave to bring my interpreter; whereupon the young man already mentioned was accordingly introduced, by whose intervention I answered as many questions as his majesty could put in above an hour. I spoke in the Balnibarbian tongue, and my interpreter delivered my meaning in that of Luggnagg.% The king was much delighted with my company, and ordered his bliffmarklub, or high-chamberlain, to appoint a lodging in the court for me and my interpreter; with a daily allowance for my table, and a large purse of gold for my common expenses. I staid three months in this country, out of perfect obedience to his majesty; who was pleased highly to favour me, and made me very honourable offers. But I thought it more consistent with prudence and justice to pass the remainder of my days with my wife and family.

Korean allowance: 수당, 공제, 급여액, 승인, 용돈, 용인, 유리한 조건, 지급하는 돈 , 참작, 할인, 허용 오차. daily: 일간 신문, 날마다, 매일의, 매일 , 일부의, 일상의, 매일 계산하는, 통 근하는 하녀. eleven: 열한사람의, 축구팀, 열하나, 열한, 십일. expenses: 소요 경비. gold: 금, 금의, 금도금, 부, 황금, 금으 로 만든, 금빛, 금화, 금제품, 과녁의

한복판, 금색. 길, 경과하다, 요충지. intervention: 사이에 듦, 간섭, 중재, perfect: 완전한, 전적인, 결점 없는, 숙 조정, 개입, 간섭주의자, 간섭주의의, 달한, 완료의, 정확한, 마무리하다, 맞 제 3 자의 소송참가. 았어요, 아주 잘했어요, 완벽합니다, meaning: 의미, 의의, 목적, 저의, 뜻, 완벽해요. 의미심장한, 눈초리 따위가 의미심장 properly: 정확히, 철저히, 훌륭하게, 한. 전적으로, 적당히, 적당하게. mentioned: 상기한, 언급한, 말하는. remainder: 나머지, 유적, 잔류자, 잉 outlive: 보다 오래 살다. 여, 잔여권, 남은, 나머지의, 팔다 남 pass: 수로, 통용하다, 합격하다, 지나 은 책, 따로 남겨 놓은, 잔여, 싸게 처 다, 고개, 산길, 변화하다, 물길, 고갯 분하다.

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CHAPTER X [The%Luggnaggians commended. A particular description of the Struldbrugs, with many conversations between the author and some eminent persons upon that subject.]

The Luggnaggians are a polite and generous people; and although they are not without some share of that pride which is peculiar to all Eastern countries, yet they show themselves courteous to strangers, especially such who are countenanced by the court. I had many acquaintance, and among persons of the best fashion; and being always attended by my interpreter, the conversation we had was not disagreeable. One day, in much good company, I was asked by a person of quality, “whether I had seen any of their struldbrugs, or immortals?” I said, “I had not;” and desired he would explain to me “what he meant by such an appellation, applied to a mortal creature.” He told me “that sometimes, though very rarely, a child happened to be born in a family, with a red circular spot in the forehead, directly over the left eyebrow, which was an infallible mark that it should never die.” The spot, as he described it, “was about the compass of a silver threepence, but in the course of time grew larger, and changed its colour; for at twelve years old it became green, so continued till five and twenty, then turned to a deep blue: at five and forty it grew coal black, and as large as an English shilling; but never

Korean appellation: 명칭, 명명, 호칭. 인기있는 사람, 인기있는 물건, 상류 coal: 석탄, 태워서 숯으로 만들다, 석 사회의 사람들. 탄을 싣다, 숯, 석탄을 보급하다, 에 infallible: 반드시 일어나는, 절대 확실 석탄을 공급하다-석탄을 싣다, 숯-태 한, 오류가 없는, 전혀 오류가 없는, 워 숯으로 하다, 석탄덩어리, 작은 석 전혀 잘못이 없는, 절대적으로 확실한 탄 덩이의, 특종탄, 숯의. , 틀리는 일이 없는, 전혀 틀림이 없는 description: 기술, 묘사, 서술, 특징, . 종류, 서술적 묘사. pride: 자부, 자존심, 자랑, 자만, 만족, eyebrow: 눈썹, 눈썹 꼴 쇠시리. 득의의 모습, 득의, 경멸, 거만, 한창, fashion: 유행, 형, 방법, 종류, 형성하 자랑거리. 다, 유행아-형성하다, 처럼, 맞추다, rare: 드문, 희박한, 진기한, 설익은, 설

구워진, 매우, 극히, 참좋은, 희귀한, 희한한, 귀한. rarely: 드물게, 썩 잘, 아주, 훌륭하게, 희한하게, 좀처럼...않는, 진기하리만 큼. shilling: 실링. spot: 점, 반점, 얼룩, 당장의, 흑점, 오 점, 조금, 발견하다, 결점, 산재시키다 , 지점. threepence: 삼펜스 경화, 삼펜스의 금 액, 삼펜스.

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admitted any further alteration.” He said, “these births were so rare, that he did not believe there could be above eleven hundred struldbrugs, of both sexes, in the whole kingdom; of which he computed about fifty in the metropolis, and, among the rest, a young girl born; about three years ago: that these productions were not peculiar to any family, but a mere effect of chance; and the children of the struldbrugs themselves were equally mortal with the rest of the people.”% I freely own myself to have been struck with inexpressible delight, upon hearing this account: and the person who gave it me happening to understand the Balnibarbian language, which I spoke very well, I could not forbear breaking out into expressions, perhaps a little too extravagant. I cried out, as in a rapture, “Happy nation, where every child hath at least a chance for being immortal! Happy people, who enjoy so many living examples of ancient virtue, and have masters ready to instruct them in the wisdom of all former ages! but happiest, beyond all comparison, are those excellent struldbrugs, who, being born exempt from that universal calamity of human nature, have their minds free and disengaged, without the weight and depression of spirits caused by the continual apprehensions of death!” I discovered my admiration that I had not observed any of these illustrious persons at court; the black spot on the forehead being so remarkable a distinction, that I could not have easily overlooked it: and it was impossible that his majesty, a most judicious prince, should not provide himself with a good number of such wise and able counsellors. Yet perhaps the virtue of those reverend sages was too strict for the corrupt and libertine manners of a court: and we often find by experience, that young men are too opinionated and volatile to be guided by the sober dictates of their seniors. However, since the king was pleased to allow me access to his royal person, I was resolved, upon the very first occasion, to deliver my opinion to him on this matter freely and at large, by the help of my interpreter; and whether he would please to take my advice or not, yet in one thing I was determined, that his majesty having frequently offered me an establishment in this country, I would, with great thankfulness, accept the favour, and pass my life here in the conversation of those superior beings the struldbrugs, if they would please to admit me.”

Korean corrupt: 타락시키다, 타락한, 개악하 다, 오염된, 매수하다, 순수성을 잃은, 부정한, 뇌물이 통하는, 믿을 수 없는, 부도덕한, 전와된. exempt: 면제된, 면제하다, 면제자, 면 제받은 사람, 면역의. immortal: 영원한, 신의, 죽지 않는, 불 후의, 불사의, 죽지 않느 사람, 불후의 명성이 있는 사람, 불멸의 불후의, 죽 지않는 사람, 불멸의, 명성이 사라지 지 않는 사람.

inexpressible: 말로 표현할 수 없는, 양복바지, 이루 말할수없는, 바지. libertine: 난봉꾼, 방탕자, 방탕한 사람 , 방탕한. masters: 석사. opinionated: 독단적인, 자설을 고집하 는, 자기 의견을 고집하는. rapture: 황홀, 광희, 환희, 황홀하게하 다, 무아, 미칠듯한 기쁨, 황홀경, 황 홀하게 하다. reverend: 목사, 성직의, 거룩한, 성직

자, 숭상할 만한, 신부, 존경할 만한, 존귀한, 님. sober: 수수한, 술이 깨다, 냉정한, 취 하지않은, 진지한, 분별 있는, 맑은 정 신의, 마음이 가라앉다, 마음을 가라 앉히다, 과장 없는, 침착해지다. superior: 우세한, 우수한, 뛰어난 사람 , 거만한, 윗사람, 수도원장, 우량한, 을 초월한, 에 동요되지 않는, 보다 놓 은, 상급자. thankfulness: 감사하는 마음, 감사.

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The%gentleman to whom I addressed my discourse, because (as I have already observed) he spoke the language of Balnibarbi, said to me, with a sort of a smile which usually arises from pity to the ignorant, “that he was glad of any occasion to keep me among them, and desired my permission to explain to the company what I had spoke.” He did so, and they talked together for some time in their own language, whereof I understood not a syllable, neither could I observe by their countenances, what impression my discourse had made on them. After a short silence, the same person told me, “that his friends and mine (so he thought fit to express himself) were very much pleased with the judicious remarks I had made on the great happiness and advantages of immortal life, and they were desirous to know, in a particular manner, what scheme of living I should have formed to myself, if it had fallen to my lot to have been born a struldbrug.” I answered, “it was easy to be eloquent on so copious and delightful a subject, especially to me, who had been often apt to amuse myself with visions of what I should do, if I were a king, a general, or a great lord: and upon this very case, I had frequently run over the whole system how I should employ myself, and pass the time, if I were sure to live for ever. “That, if it had been my good fortune to come into the world a struldbrug, as soon as I could discover my own happiness, by understanding the difference between life and death, I would first resolve, by all arts and methods, whatsoever, to procure myself riches. In the pursuit of which, by thrift and management, I might reasonably expect, in about two hundred years, to be the wealthiest man in the kingdom. In the second place, I would, from my earliest youth, apply myself to the study of arts and sciences, by which I should arrive in time to excel all others in learning. Lastly, I would carefully record every action and event of consequence, that happened in the public, impartially draw the characters of the several successions of princes and great ministers of state, with my own observations on every point. I would exactly set down the several changes in customs, language, fashions of dress, diet, and diversions. By all

Korean amuse: 위안하다, 즐겁게, 즐겁게하다, 재미있게하다, 쁘게 하다, 분 전환을 하다, 즐겁게 하다. arrive: 도착하다, 명성을얻다, 달하다, 도달하다, 태어나다, 성공하다, 일어 나다. consequence: 결과, 결론, 영향, 중대 성, 귀결, 사회적 중요성, 자존, 중요 성, 잘난체함, 결말, 중대함. eloquent: 표정이 풍부한, 웅변의, 을 잘 나타내는.

employ: 고용하다, 쓰다, 고용, 사용, 에 종사하다, 소비하다, 소비하다-고 용, 실직하다, 에 고용되어, 사용하다, 직업을 주다. happiness: 행복, 행운, 유쾌, 교묘, 적 절, 기쁨, 교묘함. permission: 허가, 허용, 면허, 허락. procure: 알선하다, 얻다, 가져오다, 획 득하다, 뚜쟁이질하다, 일으키다, 특 히 노력하거나 애를 써서 획득하다, 매춘부를 주선하다.

pursuit: 추적, 종사, 직업, 수행, 추구, 추격, 연구, 속행, 하는 일. reasonably: 합리적으로, 꽤, 알맞게, 상당히, 온당하게, 분별있게, 무리없 이, 마땅하여, 당연히, 이성을 갖고, 사리에 맞게. resolve: 결심, 분해하다, 결정하다, 결 심하다, 해결하다, 결의, 불굴, 의결하 다, 용해하다, 풀다, 결단. thrift: 아르메리아, 검약, 번성, 절약, 무성.

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which acquirements, I should be a living treasure of knowledge and wisdom, and certainly become the oracle of the nation. “I would never marry after threescore, but live in a hospitable manner, yet still on the saving side. I would entertain myself in forming and directing the minds of hopeful young men, by convincing them, from my own remembrance, experience, and observation, fortified by numerous examples, of the usefulness of virtue in public and private life. But my choice and constant companions should be a set of my own immortal brotherhood; among whom, I would elect a dozen from the most ancient, down to my own contemporaries. Where any of these wanted fortunes, I would provide them with convenient lodges round my own estate, and have some of them always at my table; only mingling a few of the most valuable among you mortals, whom length of time would harden me to lose with little or no reluctance, and treat your posterity after the same manner; just as a man diverts himself with the annual succession of pinks and tulips in his garden, without regretting the loss of those which withered the preceding year.% “These struldbrugs and I would mutually communicate our observations and memorials, through the course of time; remark the several gradations by which corruption steals into the world, and oppose it in every step, by giving perpetual warning and instruction to mankind; which, added to the strong influence of our own example, would probably prevent that continual degeneracy of human nature so justly complained of in all ages. “Add to this, the pleasure of seeing the various revolutions of states and empires; the changes in the lower and upper world; ancient cities in ruins, and obscure villages become the seats of kings; famous rivers lessening into shallow brooks; the ocean leaving one coast dry, and overwhelming another; the discovery of many countries yet unknown; barbarity overrunning the politest nations, and the most barbarous become civilized. I should then see the discovery of the longitude, the perpetual motion, the universal medicine, and many other great inventions, brought to the utmost perfection.

Korean acquirements: 습득한 것, 습득한 기능 , 습득한 학식, 기예. barbarity: 조야, 만행, 잔인, 잔인한 행 동, 야만적인, 조야한, 야만. brotherhood: 조합, 협회, 결사, 동료, 형제관계, 친선 단체, 철도 종업원 조 합, 성직자단, 형제간, 철도 노동조합, 수사단. civilized: 교화된, 예의바른, 교양이 높 은, 문명화한, 개명한, 품위있는, 예의 바른.

degeneracy: 퇴화, 퇴보, 타락, 성적 도 착, 축퇴. elect: 선거하다, 당선된, 뽑다, 뽑힌, 택하다, 선발된, 특권 계급, 선거된, 선택하다, 선택된, 하느님의 선민들. fortified: 강화하는, 알코올을 타서 독 하게 하는, 영양가를 높이는, 요새를 쌓는, 요새화하는, 확고히 하는. harden: 경화하다, 단련하다, 굳히다, 굳어지다, 무정하게 하다, 단다하게 하다, 단단하게 하다, 단단해지다, 무

감각하게 하다, 강하게 하다. hopeful: 유망한, 희망적인, 희망에 찬, 우승을 노리는 선수, 유력 후보, 유망 한 사람. mutually: 공동으로, 서로, 상호로. preceding: 선행하는, 앞의, 전술한. threescore: 육십, 육십의. treasure: 보물, 보배, 비장하다, 명기하 다, 재보, 재산을 던지다, 진중히 여기 다, 귀여운 너, 금전, 명심하다. withered: 시든, 쇠퇴한, 이운.

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“What%wonderful discoveries should we make in astronomy, by outliving and confirming our own predictions; by observing the progress and return of comets, with the changes of motion in the sun, moon, and stars!” I enlarged upon many other topics, which the natural desire of endless life, and sublunary happiness, could easily furnish me with. When I had ended, and the sum of my discourse had been interpreted, as before, to the rest of the company, there was a good deal of talk among them in the language of the country, not without some laughter at my expense. At last, the same gentleman who had been my interpreter, said, “he was desired by the rest to set me right in a few mistakes, which I had fallen into through the common imbecility of human nature, and upon that allowance was less answerable for them. That this breed of struldbrugs was peculiar to their country, for there were no such people either in Balnibarbi or Japan, where he had the honour to be ambassador from his majesty, and found the natives in both those kingdoms very hard to believe that the fact was possible: and it appeared from my astonishment when he first mentioned the matter to me, that I received it as a thing wholly new, and scarcely to be credited. That in the two kingdoms above mentioned, where, during his residence, he had conversed very much, he observed long life to be the universal desire and wish of mankind. That whoever had one foot in the grave was sure to hold back the other as strongly as he could. That the oldest had still hopes of living one day longer, and looked on death as the greatest evil, from which nature always prompted him to retreat. Only in this island of Luggnagg the appetite for living was not so eager, from the continual example of the struldbrugs before their eyes. “That the system of living contrived by me, was unreasonable and unjust; because it supposed a perpetuity of youth, health, and vigour, which no man could be so foolish to hope, however extravagant he may be in his wishes. That the question therefore was not, whether a man would choose to be always in the prime of youth, attended with prosperity and health; but how he would pass a perpetual life under all the usual disadvantages which old age brings along with it. For although few men will avow their desires of being immortal, upon such

Korean ambassador: 대사, 사절. eager: 열심인, 열망하여, 심한, 에 열 성적인, 열망하는, 갈망하는. endless: 순환의, 끝없는, 무한한, 영원 한, 끝이 없는. fallen: 타락한, 쓰러진, 파멸한, 죽은, 떨어진, 전복된. imbecility: 저능, 우둔함, 바보짓, 어리 석은 언동, 어리석은말. moon: 달, 멍하니 시간을 보내다, 위 성-멍하니 바라보다, 위성, 멍하니 바

라보다, 행성의 위성, 초승달 모양의 것, 월광, 빈둥거리다, 멍하니 보내다, 일개월. perpetuity: 영속, 영대 재산, 종신 연 금, 영존, 종신 위계, 영속물. prosperity: 번영, 행운, 성공. residence: 거주, 주택, 주소, 주재, 소 재, 체재, 거류, 주거, 대저택, 저택, 체재 기간. retreat: 퇴각, 묵상, 퇴각하다, 은퇴, 은 퇴처, 쑥 들어가다, 정수, 물러나다,

뒤로 물리다, 귀영 나팔소리, 특히 말 을 뒤로 물리다. scarcely: 겨우, 거의, 이 아니다, 하지 않는 일은 좀처럼 없다, 간신히. sublunary: 이 세상의, 지상의, 월하의, 달 밑의. unreasonable: 부조리한, 터무니없는, 비합리적인, 부당한, 조리가 맞지 않 는, 무모한, 이성을 좇지 않는, 이성을 따르지 않는. vigour: 정력, 활기, 힘, 구속력.

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hard conditions, yet in the two kingdoms before mentioned, of Balnibarbi and Japan, he observed that every man desired to put off death some time longer, let it approach ever so late: and he rarely heard of any man who died willingly, except he were incited by the extremity of grief or torture. And he appealed to me, whether in those countries I had travelled, as well as my own, I had not observed the same general disposition.”% After this preface, he gave me a particular account of the struldbrugs among them. He said, “they commonly acted like mortals till about thirty years old; after which, by degrees, they grew melancholy and dejected, increasing in both till they came to fourscore. This he learned from their own confession: for otherwise, there not being above two or three of that species born in an age, they were too few to form a general observation by. When they came to fourscore years, which is reckoned the extremity of living in this country, they had not only all the follies and infirmities of other old men, but many more which arose from the dreadful prospect of never dying. They were not only opinionative, peevish, covetous, morose, vain, talkative, but incapable of friendship, and dead to all natural affection, which never descended below their grandchildren. Envy and impotent desires are their prevailing passions. But those objects against which their envy seems principally directed, are the vices of the younger sort and the deaths of the old. By reflecting on the former, they find themselves cut off from all possibility of pleasure; and whenever they see a funeral, they lament and repine that others have gone to a harbour of rest to which they themselves never can hope to arrive. They have no remembrance of anything but what they learned and observed in their youth and middle-age, and even that is very imperfect; and for the truth or particulars of any fact, it is safer to depend on common tradition, than upon their best recollections. The least miserable among them appear to be those who turn to dotage, and entirely lose their memories; these meet with more pity and assistance, because they want many bad qualities which abound in others. “If a struldbrug happen to marry one of his own kind, the marriage is dissolved of course, by the courtesy of the kingdom, as soon as the younger of

Korean commonly: 일반적으로, 보통으로, 천 하게, 보통, 통속적으로, 싸구려로. confession: 자백, 고해, 고백, 고백서, 자인, 신앙고백, 구술서. courtesy: 호의, 예의, 예의상의, 정중 함, 우대, 친절, 우대의, 공손, 인사, 정중한 행위, 특별 대우. covetous: 몹시 탐내는, 탐욕스러운, 열망하는. dotage: 노망, 익애, 망령, 맹목적 애정, 맹목적애정.

dreadful: 무서운, 몹시 불쾌한, 따분한 , 지겨운, 지긋지긋한. dying: 죽어가는, 임종, 임종의, 죽음, 꺼져가는, 사망, 죽을. funeral: 장례식의, 장례행렬, 장례식, 장례의, 싫은 일. increasing: 증가하는. opinionative: 소신상의, 의견의, 견해 상의, 고집센, 자기주장을 고집하는. peevish: 성마른, 부루퉁한, 짜증이 난, 투정부리는.

prevailing: 우세한, 유력한, 유행의, 일반의, 널리 행해지는, 널리 행해진. principally: 주로, 대개, 대체로. recollections: 추억. repine: 투덜거리다, 푸념하다, 불평을 말하다, 불평하다, 불평을 늘어놓다. talkative: 말 많은, 이야기하기 좋아하 는. whenever: 할 때에는 언제든지, 할때 는 언제나, 도대체 언제. willingly: 자진해서, 기꺼이, 쾌히.

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the two comes to be fourscore; for the law thinks it a reasonable indulgence, that those who are condemned, without any fault of their own, to a perpetual continuance in the world, should not have their misery doubled by the load of a wife. “As soon as they have completed the term of eighty years, they are looked on as dead in law; their heirs immediately succeed to their estates; only a small pittance is reserved for their support; and the poor ones are maintained at the public charge. After that period, they are held incapable of any employment of trust or profit; they cannot purchase lands, or take leases; neither are they allowed to be witnesses in any cause, either civil or criminal, not even for the decision of meers and bounds.% “At ninety, they lose their teeth and hair; they have at that age no distinction of taste, but eat and drink whatever they can get, without relish or appetite. The diseases they were subject to still continue, without increasing or diminishing. In talking, they forget the common appellation of things, and the names of persons, even of those who are their nearest friends and relations. For the same reason, they never can amuse themselves with reading, because their memory will not serve to carry them from the beginning of a sentence to the end; and by this defect, they are deprived of the only entertainment whereof they might otherwise be capable. The language of this country being always upon the flux, the struldbrugs of one age do not understand those of another; neither are they able, after two hundred years, to hold any conversation (farther than by a few general words) with their neighbours the mortals; and thus they lie under the disadvantage of living like foreigners in their own country.” This was the account given me of the struldbrugs, as near as I can remember. I afterwards saw five or six of different ages, the youngest not above two hundred years old, who were brought to me at several times by some of my friends; but although they were told, “that I was a great traveller, and had seen all the world,” they had not the least curiosity to ask me a question; only desired “I would give them slumskudask,” or a token of remembrance; which is a

Korean diminishing: 점감하는, 차츰 줄어드 싣다, 무겁게 하다, 부하, 총에 장전하 하는. 는, 체감하는. 다. succeed: 에 계속하다, 성공하다, 잇따 eighty: 여든. pittance: 약간의 수입, 얼마 안되는 수 라 일어나다, 계속되다, 입신하다, 의 fault: 과실, 결점, 책임, 단층, 테니스 당, 얼마 안되는 수입. 뒤를 잇다, 계승하다, 의 자리를 계승 폴트, 단점, 실수, 흠, 냄새 자취를 잃 purchase: 사다, 기중 장치, 노력하여 하다, 후임이 되다. 음, 잘못. 얻다, 구입품, 수익, 구입물, 산 물건, taste: 시식, 취미, 맛보다, 맛, 미각, 기 flux: 흐름, 밀물, 연속적인 변화, 용제, 구매, 지레, 구지레를 울리다-구입, 호, 의 맛이 나다, 풍미, 한 입, 풍미가 유동, 설사시키다, 녹다, 변전하다, 융 구지레를 울리다. 있다, 한 번 맛보기. 제로 처리하다, 이상유출, 흐르다. reserved: 보류한, 제한된, 예비의, 수 token: 기념품, 표, 이름만의, 대용화폐 load: 짐, 하중, 적재량, 근심, 섞음질을 줍은, 예약한, 지정의, 전세낸, 운명지 , 명목상의, 암호, 유물, 점점, 증거, 하여 독하게 만들다, 무거운 짐, 부담, 어진, 말수가 적은, 사양하는, 수줍어 전조, 신호.

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modest way of begging, to avoid the law, that strictly forbids it, because they are provided for by the public, although indeed with a very scanty allowance. They are despised and hated by all sorts of people. When one of them is born, it is reckoned ominous, and their birth is recorded very particularly so that you may know their age by consulting the register, which, however, has not been kept above a thousand years past, or at least has been destroyed by time or public disturbances. But the usual way of computing how old they are, is by asking them what kings or great persons they can remember, and then consulting history; for infallibly the last prince in their mind did not begin his reign after they were fourscore years old.% They were the most mortifying sight I ever beheld; and the women more horrible than the men. Besides the usual deformities in extreme old age, they acquired an additional ghastliness, in proportion to their number of years, which is not to be described; and among half a dozen, I soon distinguished which was the eldest, although there was not above a century or two between them. The reader will easily believe, that from what I had hear and seen, my keen appetite for perpetuity of life was much abated. I grew heartily ashamed of the pleasing visions I had formed; and thought no tyrant could invent a death into which I would not run with pleasure, from such a life. The king heard of all that had passed between me and my friends upon this occasion, and rallied me very pleasantly; wishing I could send a couple of struldbrugs to my own country, to arm our people against the fear of death; but this, it seems, is forbidden by the fundamental laws of the kingdom, or else I should have been well content with the trouble and expense of transporting them. I could not but agree, that the laws of this kingdom relative to the struldbrugs were founded upon the strongest reasons, and such as any other country would be under the necessity of enacting, in the like circumstances. Otherwise, as avarice is the necessary consequence of old age, those immortals would in time become proprietors of the whole nation, and engross the civil power, which, for want of abilities to manage, must end in the ruin of the public.

Korean enacting: 제정의. engross: 몰두시키다, 큰글자로쓰다, 정식으로 쓰다, 빼앗다, 큰 글씨로 쓰 다, 열중시키다, 집중시키다, 독점하 다. expense: 비용, 지출, 손실, 희생, 지출 금, 비용이 드는 일, 비돈이 드는 일, 소요 경비. founded: 기초가 ...한. hated: 미워하는. invent: 발명하다, 날조하다, 조작하다,

만들다, 창안하다, 훔치다, 을 처음으 로 만들어 내다. keen: 열심인, 예민한, 날카로운, 예리 한, 살을 에는 듯한, 통곡하다, 산란한 , 모진, 곡성, 격렬한, 강한. modest: 겸손한, 수수한, 수줍은, 조신 하는, 그다지 크지 않은, 그다지 많지 않은, 적당한. mortifying: 원통한, 고행의, 분한, 금 욕의, 약오르는. ominous: 불길한, 전조의, 험악한.

pleasantly: 유쾌하게, 상냥하게, 즐겁 게, 쾌활하게. pleasing: 유쾌한, 만족한, 붙임성 있는 . register: 성역, 기명하다, 기록하다, 자 동기록기, 레지스터, 표, 음전, 음역, 등기로 부치다, 가리키다, 기록. reign: 지배, 군림하다, 통치, 권세, 주 권을 잡다, 군림, 널리 퍼지다, 치세, 통치하다, 통치권, 널리 성행하다. tyrant: 참주, 폭군, 폭군 같은 사람.

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CHAPTER XI [The%author leaves Luggnagg, and sails to Japan. From thence he returns in a Dutch ship to Amsterdam, and from Amsterdam to England.]

I thought this account of the struldbrugs might be some entertainment to the reader, because it seems to be a little out of the common way; at least I do not remember to have met the like in any book of travels that has come to my hands: and if I am deceived, my excuse must be, that it is necessary for travellers who describe the same country, very often to agree in dwelling on the same particulars, without deserving the censure of having borrowed or transcribed from those who wrote before them. There is indeed a perpetual commerce between this kingdom and the great empire of Japan; and it is very probable, that the Japanese authors may have given some account of the struldbrugs; but my stay in Japan was so short, and I was so entirely a stranger to the language, that I was not qualified to make any inquiries. But I hope the Dutch, upon this notice, will be curious and able enough to supply my defects. His majesty having often pressed me to accept some employment in his court, and finding me absolutely determined to return to my native country, was pleased to give me his license to depart; and honoured me with a letter of recommendation, under his own hand, to the Emperor of Japan. He likewise

Korean absolutely: 그래, 아주 맞았어, 절대적 으로, 정말 그래, 전혀, 전적으로, 독 립하여. agree: 일치하다, 동의하다, 찬성하다, 합의에 달하다, 맞다, 합치하다, 합의 에 도달하다, 합의 하다, 의견이 일치 하다, 부합하다, 마음이 맞다. censure: 비난, 비난하다, 혹평, 견책, 책망하다, 견책하다, 책망, 혹평하다. deceived: 사기하는. describe: 묘사하다, 기술하다, 그리다,

평하다. deserving: 받을 가치가 있는, 보상받 을 만한, 원조 받을 만한. determined: 단호한, 결정된, 확정된, 결연한, 굳게 결심한. entirely: 완전히, 오로지, 전적으로, 아 주. finding: 발견, 사실 인정, 조사결과, 평결, 여러 도구 및 재료, 발견물, 인 정, 조사 결과, 여러 가지 도구 및 재 료.

hands: 소유, 일군. license: 방종, 면허하다, 면허, 방자, 감찰, 파격, 허가증, 인가, 인가하다, 승낙. probable: 있음직한, 사실 같은, 확실 한 듯한, 할 듯 싶은, 유망한 후보자, 무슨일을 할 것 같은 사람, 보결선수, 일어날 듯한 사건, 무슨 일을 할 것 같 은 사람. thence: 그때부터, 그러므로, 거기서부 터, 그런고로, 그곳에서부터.

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presented me with four hundred and forty-four large pieces of gold (this nation delighting in even numbers), and a red diamond, which I sold in England for eleven hundred pounds.% On the 6th of May, 1709, I took a solemn leave of his majesty, and all my friends. This prince was so gracious as to order a guard to conduct me to Glanguenstald, which is a royal port to the south-west part of the island. In six days I found a vessel ready to carry me to Japan, and spent fifteen days in the voyage. We landed at a small port-town called Xamoschi, situated on the southeast part of Japan; the town lies on the western point, where there is a narrow strait leading northward into along arm of the sea, upon the north-west part of which, Yedo, the metropolis, stands. At landing, I showed the custom-house officers my letter from the king of Luggnagg to his imperial majesty. They knew the seal perfectly well; it was as broad as the palm of my hand. The impression was, a king lifting up a lame beggar from the earth. The magistrates of the town, hearing of my letter, received me as a public minister. They provided me with carriages and servants, and bore my charges to Yedo; where I was admitted to an audience, and delivered my letter, which was opened with great ceremony, and explained to the Emperor by an interpreter, who then gave me notice, by his majesty’s order, “that I should signify my request, and, whatever it were, it should be granted, for the sake of his royal brother of Luggnagg.” This interpreter was a person employed to transact affairs with the Hollanders. He soon conjectured, by my countenance, that I was a European, and therefore repeated his majesty’s commands in Low Dutch, which he spoke perfectly well. I answered, as I had before determined, “that I was a Dutch merchant, shipwrecked in a very remote country, whence I had travelled by sea and land to Luggnagg, and then took shipping for Japan; where I knew my countrymen often traded, and with some of these I hoped to get an opportunity of returning into Europe: I therefore most humbly entreated his royal favour, to give order that I should be conducted in safety to Nangasac.” To this I added another petition, “that for the sake of my patron the king of Luggnagg, his majesty would condescend to excuse my performing the ceremony imposed on my countrymen, of trampling upon the crucifix: because I had been thrown into his kingdom by

Korean beggar: 거지, 악한-거지로 만들다, 가 난상, 그리스도 수난상, 십자 매달리 난뱅이, 가난하게 하다, 무력하게 하 기. 다, 놈, 기부금을 모으는 사람, 빈약하 diamond: 다이아몬드, 금강석, 마름모 게 하다, 가난들게 하다. 꼴, 거칠지만 실은 훌륭한 인물, 천연 condescend: 짐짓 친절하게 대하다, 그대로의 다이아몬드, 다이아몬드 모 창피를 무릅쓰고 하다, 자기를 낮추다 양, 내야, 금강석제의, 금강석의, 다이 , 겸손히행하다, 겸손, 겸손한, 겸허, 아패. 굽히다, 대등한 처지가 되다, 은혜를 fifteen: 십오, 열 다섯. 베푸는 것처럼 굴다, 친절히 하다. guard: 망보다, 차장, 방어 자세, 지키 crucifix: 십자 현수, 십자가, 십자가예 다, 보호자, 감시하다, 파수병, 경계, 수상, 큰시련, 모진박해, 그리수도 수 근위대, 흙받기, 난로의 불어리.

sake: 목적, 위함, 이유, 제발, 을 위함. seal: 도장, 봉인, 인장, 날인하다, 바다 표범 사냥을 하다, 인, 바다표범, 입막 음, 확증, 보증, 그 털가죽. south-west: 남서의, 남서지방, 남서부, 남서로, 남서, 남서로의. strait: 궁핍, 해협, 좁은, 곤란, 좁은문, 엄중한. transact: 처리하다, 취급하다, 하다, 거 래하다, 집행하다, 교섭을 하다, 거래 를 하다.

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my misfortunes, without any intention of trading.” When this latter petition was interpreted to the Emperor, he seemed a little surprised; and said, “he believed I was the first of my countrymen who ever made any scruple in this point; and that he began to doubt, whether I was a real Hollander, or not; but rather suspected I must be a Christian. However, for the reasons I had offered, but chiefly to gratify the king of Luggnagg by an uncommon mark of his favour, he would comply with the singularity of my humour; but the affair must be managed with dexterity, and his officers should be commanded to let me pass, as it were by forgetfulness. For he assured me, that if the secret should be discovered by my countrymen the Dutch, they would cut my throat in the voyage.” I returned my thanks, by the interpreter, for so unusual a favour; and some troops being at that time on their march to Nangasac, the commanding officer had orders to convey me safe thither, with particular instructions about the business of the crucifix.% On the 9th day of June, 1709, I arrived at Nangasac, after a very long and troublesome journey. I soon fell into the company of some Dutch sailors belonging to the Amboyna, of Amsterdam, a stout ship of 450 tons. I had lived long in Holland, pursuing my studies at Leyden, and I spoke Dutch well. The seamen soon knew whence I came last: they were curious to inquire into my voyages and course of life. I made up a story as short and probable as I could, but concealed the greatest part. I knew many persons in Holland. I was able to invent names for my parents, whom I pretended to be obscure people in the province of Gelderland. I would have given the captain (one Theodorus Vangrult) what he pleased to ask for my voyage to Holland; but understanding I was a surgeon, he was contented to take half the usual rate, on condition that I would serve him in the way of my calling. Before we took shipping, I was often asked by some of the crew, whether I had performed the ceremony above mentioned? I evaded the question by general answers; “that I had satisfied the Emperor and court in all particulars.” However, a malicious rogue of a skipper went to an officer, and pointing to me, told him, “I had not yet trampled on the crucifix;” but the other, who had received instructions to let me pass, gave the

Korean affair: 일, 사건, 물건, 물품, 사무, 하 기, 문제, 추문, 전투, 일거리, 연애 사 건. comply: 따르다, 응하다, 승낙하다. contented: 만족하고 있는, 흡족해 하 는, 달갑게 하는, 만족한. convey: 양도하다, 전달하다, 나르다, 전하다, 뜻하다, 알리다, 옮기다, 나타 내다, 운반하다, 시사하다. crew: 동아리, 패거리, 승무원, 크루, 승무원 전원, 반, 의 승무원의 일원으

로서 일하다, 일단, 일반 선원들, 대, 음부, 숨은, 신비스러운, 비법, 신비, 보트팀. 외딴, 불가사의, 비밀. humour: 기분, 해학, 유우머, 익살, 액, skipper: 기장, 주장, 팔랑나비, 선장, 변덕 비위를 맞추다, 기질, 잘 다루다, 팔딱 팔딱 뛰는 곤충, 주장 일을 맡아 만족시키다. 보다, 구더기, 선장 일을 맡아보다, 생 pointing: 뾰족하게 함, 지시, 메지 바 각이 얕은 젊은이, 뛰는 사람. 르기, 정확한 조준, 구두법. throat: 좁은 통로, 목소리, 목, 기관, 목 province: 범위, 주, 영토, 본분, 시골, 구멍, 에 홈을 만들다, 에 홈을 파다, 방, 부문, 성, 이탈리아 이외의 영토, 좁은 입구, 좁은 출구, 목구멍 모양의 스페인 따위의 주, 지방. 물건. secret: 비밀의, 비밀을 지키는, 비결, troops: 군대.

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rascal twenty strokes on the shoulders with a bamboo; after which I was no more troubled with such questions.% Nothing happened worth mentioning in this voyage. We sailed with a fair wind to the Cape of Good Hope, where we staid only to take in fresh water. On the 10th of April, 1710, we arrived safe at Amsterdam, having lost only three men by sickness in the voyage, and a fourth, who fell from the foremast into the sea, not far from the coast of Guinea. From Amsterdam I soon after set sail for England, in a small vessel belonging to that city. On the 16th of April we put in at the Downs. I landed next morning, and saw once more my native country, after an absence of five years and six months complete. I went straight to Redriff, where I arrived the same day at two in the afternoon, and found my wife and family in good health.

Korean absence: 부재, 결핍, 방심, 결석, 없음. afternoon: 오후, 오후의, 석간, 오후에 , 대낮. bamboo: 대, 대나무, 대나무의, 대의. coast: 해안, 힘들이지 않고 해치우다, 썰매로 미끄러져 내려가다, 연안, 활 강사면, 타성으로 달리다, 타력주행, 태평양 연안지방, 추진하다, 자전거의 페달을 밟지 않ㄱ 내려가다, 연안지방 . fair: 깨끗한, 아름다운, 순조로운, 갠,

정중한, 금발의, 여성, 장애물이 없는, 고, 도망할우려가 없는, 위험성이 없 유망한, 품평회, 철저한. 는, 의 가능성이 있는, 찬장. foremast: 앞돛대, 앞 돛대. straight: 철저한, 순수한, 직접적으로, fresh: 새로운, 신선한, 뻔뻔스러운, 원 정연한, 직선, 원작대로, 솔직한, 곧, 기좋은, 건방진, 경험이없는, 상쾌한, 곧은, 똑바른, 솔직하게. 선명한, 새로이, 초기, 새롭게하다. wind: 바람, 숨, 불다, 감다, 굽이, 소문 rascal: 악당, 녀석, 악한, 하층민, 천한 , 휘감기다, 호흡, 한번 감기, 통풍하 사람, 악당근성, 불량배, 놈, 장난꾸러 다, 숨을 돌리게 하다. 기, 부랑자의. worth: 값어치, 상당하는 분량, 일어나 safe: 안전한, 틀림없는, 믿을 수 있는, 다, 재산, 만큼의 값어치가 있는, 어치 몹시 조심하는, 무사한, 세이프의, 금 , 의 가치가 있는, 가치, 할 만한.

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PART IV— A VOYAGE TO THE COUNTRY OF THE HOUYHNHNMS

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CHAPTER

%I

[The author sets out as captain of a ship. His men conspire against him, confine him a long time to his cabin, and set him on shore in an unknown land. He travels up into the country. The Yahoos, a strange sort of animal, described. The author meets two Houyhnhnms.]

I continued at home with my wife and children about five months, in a very happy condition, if I could have learned the lesson of knowing when I was well. I left my poor wife big with child, and accepted an advantageous offer made me to be captain of the Adventurer, a stout merchantman of 350 tons: for I understood navigation well, and being grown weary of a surgeon’s employment at sea, which, however, I could exercise upon occasion, I took a skilful young man of that calling, one Robert Purefoy, into my ship. We set sail from Portsmouth upon the 7th day of September, 1710; on the 14th we met with Captain Pocock, of Bristol, at Teneriffe, who was going to the bay of Campechy to cut logwood. On the 16th, he was parted from us by a storm; I heard since my return, that his ship foundered, and none escaped but one cabin boy. He was an honest man, and a good sailor, but a little too positive in his own opinions, which was the cause of his destruction, as it has been with several others; for if he had followed my advice, he might have been safe at home with his family at this time, as well as myself.

Korean bay: 만, 궁지, 월계수, 후미, 월계관, 짖어대며 덤비다, 소리지르다, 영예, 짖는 소리, 쫓겨서 몰린 상태-짖다, 밤색의. captain: 주장, 장, 육군대위, 함장, 선 장, 의 장이 되다, 우두머리, 거물, 지 휘자, 명장, 해군 대령. conspire: 공모하다, 협력하다, 음모하 다, 동시에 발생하다, 와 기맥을 통하 다, 음모를 꾸미다. destruction: 파괴, 멸망, 절멸, 파멸의

원인. 의 나무, 남미열대지방산의나무. employment: 고용직, 고용, 일, 직업, occasion: 기회, 일으키다, 원인, 특수 사용, 일자리. 한 경우, 이유, 근거, 용무, 때, 유인, knowing: 멋진, 빈틈 없는, 아는 체하 특별한 사건, 특정한 때. 는, 알고 있는, 지식, 멋있는, 사물을 sailor: 선원, 수병, 수부, 수병 모자, 해 아는, 앎, 잘 알고 있는, 모자 따위 멋 군 군인. 있는, 빈틈없는. unknown: 알려지지 않은, 미지수, 미 lesson: 학과, 교훈, 일과, 과업, 연습, 지의, 미지의 인물, 불명의, 알 수 없 수업, 훈계하다, 연속적인 수업, 과, 는, 모르는, 미지 사물, 무명, 세상에 교과서 중의 과, 교습. 알려지지 않은 것, 세상에 알려지지 logwood: 로그우드, 남미 열대지방산 않은 사람.

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I%had several men who died in my ship of calentures, so that I was forced to get recruits out of Barbadoes and the Leeward Islands, where I touched, by the direction of the merchants who employed me; which I had soon too much cause to repent: for I found afterwards, that most of them had been buccaneers. I had fifty hands onboard; and my orders were, that I should trade with the Indians in the South-Sea, and make what discoveries I could. These rogues, whom I had picked up, debauched my other men, and they all formed a conspiracy to seize the ship, and secure me; which they did one morning, rushing into my cabin, and binding me hand and foot, threatening to throw me overboard, if I offered to stir. I told them, “I was their prisoner, and would submit.” This they made me swear to do, and then they unbound me, only fastening one of my legs with a chain, near my bed, and placed a sentry at my door with his piece charged, who was commanded to shoot me dead if I attempted my liberty. They sent me own victuals and drink, and took the government of the ship to themselves. Their design was to turn pirates and, plunder the Spaniards, which they could not do till they got more men. But first they resolved to sell the goods the ship, and then go to Madagascar for recruits, several among them having died since my confinement. They sailed many weeks, and traded with the Indians; but I knew not what course they took, being kept a close prisoner in my cabin, and expecting nothing less than to be murdered, as they often threatened me. Upon the 9th day of May, 1711, one James Welch came down to my cabin, and said, “he had orders from the captain to set me ashore.” I expostulated with him, but in vain; neither would he so much as tell me who their new captain was. They forced me into the long-boat, letting me put on my best suit of clothes, which were as good as new, and take a small bundle of linen, but no arms, except my hanger; and they were so civil as not to search my pockets, into which I conveyed what money I had, with some other little necessaries. They rowed about a league, and then set me down on a strand. I desired them to tell me what country it was. They all swore, “they knew no more than myself;” but said, “that the captain” (as they called him) “was resolved, after they had sold the lading, to get rid of me in the first place where they could discover land.” They pushed off

Korean attempted: 미수의, 기도한. binding: 제본, 동이는, 속박하는, 속박 , 붕대, 묶는, 묶는 것, 변비를 일으키 는, 선 두르는 재료, 동여 묶는, 꼭 졸 라 맴. conspiracy: 음모, 공동모의, 공모, 동 시발생, 모의, 불법공모, 음모단, 불법 공모. debauched: 우혹의, 타락의, 퇴페의, 타락한. lading: 짐싣기, 적재, 뱃짐, 선적.

overboard: 배 밖으로. plunder: 약탈, 약탈하다, 착복하다, 약 탈품, 노략질하다, 사람들로부터 물건 을 약탈하다, 장소로부터 물건을 약탈 하다. rushing: 러닝 플레이로 나아간 거리, 러싱. shoot: 쏘다, 쑥내밀다, 발사하다, 내려 가다, 퍼붓다, 질주하다, 나다, 곧게 밀다, 촬영하다, 사출하다, 슈트하다. strand: 바닷가, 좌초시키다, 가닥을 끊

다, 물가, 꼬다, 좌초하다, 외가닥, 궁 핍하게 하다. swear: 맹세하다, 저주, 선서시키다, 선 서하다, 단언하다, 벌받을 소리를 하 다, 서약하다, 욕, 욕지거리하다, 한 상태로 하다, 맹세코. threatening: 험악한, 위협적인, 일너날 듯이, 찌푸린, 협박하는, 위험한, 일어 날 듯한, 협박적인. touched: 감동한, 머리가 약간 돈, 감 동된, 조금 미친, 조금미친.

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immediately, advising me to make haste for fear of being overtaken by the tide, and so bade me farewell.% In this desolate condition I advanced forward, and soon got upon firm ground, where I sat down on a bank to rest myself, and consider what I had best do. When I was a little refreshed, I went up into the country, resolving to deliver myself to the first savages I should meet, and purchase my life from them by some bracelets, glass rings, and other toys, which sailors usually provide themselves with in those voyages, and whereof I had some about me. The land was divided by long rows of trees, not regularly planted, but naturally growing; there was great plenty of grass, and several fields of oats. I walked very circumspectly, for fear of being surprised, or suddenly shot with an arrow from behind, or on either side. I fell into a beaten road, where I saw many tracts of human feet, and some of cows, but most of horses. At last I beheld several animals in a field, and one or two of the same kind sitting in trees. Their shape was very singular and deformed, which a little discomposed me, so that I lay down behind a thicket to observe them better. Some of them coming forward near the place where I lay, gave me an opportunity of distinctly marking their form. Their heads and breasts were covered with a thick hair, some frizzled, and others lank; they had beards like goats, and a long ridge of hair down their backs, and the fore parts of their legs and feet; but the rest of their bodies was bare, so that I might see their skins, which were of a brown buff colour. They had no tails, nor any hair at all on their buttocks, except about the anus, which, I presume, nature had placed there to defend them as they sat on the ground, for this posture they used, as well as lying down, and often stood on their hind feet. They climbed high trees as nimbly as a squirrel, for they had strong extended claws before and behind, terminating in sharp points, and hooked. They would often spring, and bound, and leap, with prodigious agility. The females were not so large as the males; they had long lank hair on their heads, but none on their faces, nor any thing more than a sort of down on the rest of their bodies, except about the anus and pudenda. The dugs hung between their fore feet, and often reached almost to the ground as they walked. The hair of both sexes was of several colours, brown, red, black, and yellow. Upon the whole, I never beheld,

Korean arrow: 화살, 화살표, 굵은화살. bare: 닳아빠진, 노골적인, 결핍된, 써 서 낡은, 알몸의, 부족한, 노출된, 이 없는, 장식없는, 벗기다, 드러낸. beaten: 밟아 다져진, 두들겨 편, 두들 겨 맞은, 진, 세게 휘저은, 패배당한, 완전히 지친, 얻어 맞은, 두들겨 늘인, 밟아 다진. buttocks: 엉덩이, 고물. colours: 그림 물감, 색 리본, 입장, 군 기.

deliver: 배달하다, 구해내다, 연설을 하다, 넘겨주다, 석방을 하다, 분만하 다, 후보자을 위하여 표를 모으다, 분 만시키다, 넘겨 주다, 가하다, 해방시 키다. divided: 분할된, 열개한, 갈라진, 분리 된, 분배한, 각기 다른. hind: 머슴, 고라니의 암컷, 농장 일꾼, 뒤의, 시골뜨기, 맨뒤의, 암사슴, 후부 의. marking: 표, 점, 반문, 채점하기, 답안

따위를 채점하기. nimbly: 재빠르게, 민활하게. pudenda: 외음부. squirrel: 다람쥐, 저장하다, 지붕에 올 라가다. tails: 뒷면이 나온, 뒷면이 나와서. thick: 가장 두꺼운부분, 두껍게, 우거 진 수풀, 만난을 무릅쓰고, 한창 때, 굵은, 진하게, 두꺼운, 빽빽한, 짙은, 진한. thicket: 덤불, 잡목숲.

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in%all my travels, so disagreeable an animal, or one against which I naturally conceived so strong an antipathy. So that, thinking I had seen enough, full of contempt and aversion, I got up, and pursued the beaten road, hoping it might direct me to the cabin of some Indian. I had not got far, when I met one of these creatures full in my way, and coming up directly to me. The ugly monster, when he saw me, distorted several ways, every feature of his visage, and stared, as at an object he had never seen before; then approaching nearer, lifted up his forepaw, whether out of curiosity or mischief I could not tell; but I drew my hanger, and gave him a good blow with the flat side of it, for I durst not strike with the edge, fearing the inhabitants might be provoked against me, if they should come to know that I had killed or maimed any of their cattle. When the beast felt the smart, he drew back, and roared so loud, that a herd of at least forty came flocking about me from the next field, howling and making odious faces; but I ran to the body of a tree, and leaning my back against it, kept them off by waving my hanger. Several of this cursed brood, getting hold of the branches behind, leaped up into the tree, whence they began to discharge their excrements on my head; however, I escaped pretty well by sticking close to the stem of the tree, but was almost stifled with the filth, which fell about me on every side. In the midst of this distress, I observed them all to run away on a sudden as fast as they could; at which I ventured to leave the tree and pursue the road, wondering what it was that could put them into this fright. But looking on my left hand, I saw a horse walking softly in the field; which my persecutors having sooner discovered, was the cause of their flight. The horse started a little, when he came near me, but soon recovering himself, looked full in my face with manifest tokens of wonder; he viewed my hands and feet, walking round me several times. I would have pursued my journey, but he placed himself directly in the way, yet looking with a very mild aspect, never offering the least violence. We stood gazing at each other for some time; at last I took the boldness to reach my hand towards his neck with a design to stroke it, using the common style and whistle of jockeys, when they are going to handle a strange horse. But this animal seemed to receive my civilities with disdain, shook his head, and bent his brows, softly raising up his right fore-foot to remove my hand. Then he neighed

Korean antipathy: 반감, 진저리냄, 불일치, 싫 은 것, 싫은 일, 혐오. aversion: 혐오, 반감, 싫은 것, 싫은 사 람. beast: 짐승, 가축, 짐승 같은 놈, 식용 소, 동물, 짐승 같은 사람, 축생, 네발 짐승. brood: 곰곰히 생각하다, 종류, 한배의 병아리, 한배 새끼, 종족-알을 품다, 아이들, -숙고하다, 숙고하다, 한배 병아리, 품다, 알을 품다.

disdain: 경멸, 경멸하다, 경멸하다-경 멸적인, 경멸적인, 경멸감, 할 가치가 없다고 생각하다. distorted: 뒤틀린, 일그러진, 곱새긴, 비뚤어진. flocking: 무뉘에 플록가공을 함, 융모 화. herd: 군중, 몰아 모으다, 지키다, 무리 , 떼지어 모이다, 민중.목자, 목자, 민 중, 떼를 짓다, 떼를 모으다, 군중의. howling: 쓸쓸한, 울부짖는, 터무니 없

는, 대단한, 터무니없는, 짖는. maimed: 불구의, 상한. stem: 생기다, 종족, 줄기, 어간, 거슬 러 나아가다, 막다, 자루, 대, 저항하 다, 혈통, 줄기 모양의 부분. sticking: 끈적거림, 끈적끈적한, 늘어 붙는, 개탕 대패로 깎기. whistle: 휘파람, 호각, 기적을 울리다, 휘파람을 불다, 경적, 휘파람불다, 헛 되이 바라다, 팽 하고 날다, 휘파람으 로 부르다, 입, 기적.

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three or four times, but in so different a cadence, that I almost began to think he was speaking to himself, in some language of his own.% While he and I were thus employed, another horse came up; who applying himself to the first in a very formal manner, they gently struck each other’s right hoof before, neighing several times by turns, and varying the sound, which seemed to be almost articulate. They went some paces off, as if it were to confer together, walking side by side, backward and forward, like persons deliberating upon some affair of weight, but often turning their eyes towards me, as it were to watch that I might not escape. I was amazed to see such actions and behaviour in brute beasts; and concluded with myself, that if the inhabitants of this country were endued with a proportionable degree of reason, they must needs be the wisest people upon earth. This thought gave me so much comfort, that I resolved to go forward, until I could discover some house or village, or meet with any of the natives, leaving the two horses to discourse together as they pleased. But the first, who was a dapple gray, observing me to steal off, neighed after me in so expressive a tone, that I fancied myself to understand what he meant; whereupon I turned back, and came near to him to expect his farther commands: but concealing my fear as much as I could, for I began to be in some pain how this adventure might terminate; and the reader will easily believe I did not much like my present situation. The two horses came up close to me, looking with great earnestness upon my face and hands. The gray steed rubbed my hat all round with his right fore-hoof, and discomposed it so much that I was forced to adjust it better by taking it off and settling it again; whereat, both he and his companion (who was a brown bay) appeared to be much surprised: the latter felt the lappet of my coat, and finding it to hang loose about me, they both looked with new signs of wonder. He stroked my right hand, seeming to admire the softness and colour; but he squeezed it so hard between his hoof and his pastern, that I was forced to roar; after which they both touched me with all possible tenderness. They were under great perplexity about my shoes and stockings, which they felt very often, neighing to each other, and using various gestures, not unlike those of a

Korean actions: 행위, 행실, 거등. adjust: 조정하다, 화해시키다, 맞추다, 정리하다, 순응하다, 조정되다, 조절 하다. brute: 짐승, 싫은 놈, 야수적인, 감각 이 없는, 잔인한. confer: 수여하다, 주다, 협의하다, 회 담하다, 의논하다, 비교하라. dapple: 얼룩지다, 얼룩진, 얼룩지게 하다. earnestness: 열심.

expressive: 표정이 풍부한, 표현의, 표 현하는, 의미 심장한, 표현이 풍부한, 나타내는, 표현적인. fancied: 공상의, 상상의, 가공의, 사육 자, 이길 듯싶은, 잘 될 듯싶은, 마음 에 든. pastern: 뒷발톱과 발굽과의 사이, 발 회 목뼈, 말 따위의 발목, 발목. perplexity: 난처한 일, 당황, 혼란, 분 규, 난국, 곤혹. roar: 으르렁거리다, 울리다, 노호, 포

효, 폭소, 외치다, 노호하다, 고함치다 , 반향하다, 소리쳐 말하다, 왁자그르 르 웃다. seeming: 겉으로의, 외관상의 겉보기, 외관, 겉모양, 외관상의, 표면만의. settling: 앙금, 침전물, 식민, 결정, 내 려앉음, 고정, 맑아짐. softness: 조용한, 수월한, 연한, 흐릿 한, 온화한, 상쾌한, 조용하게, 부드럽 게, 부드러운물건, 부드러운, 매끈한. varying: 변화하는, 바뀌는.

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philosopher, when he would attempt to solve some new and difficult phenomenon.% Upon the whole, the behaviour of these animals was so orderly and rational, so acute and judicious, that I at last concluded they must needs be magicians, who had thus metamorphosed themselves upon some design, and seeing a stranger in the way, resolved to divert themselves with him; or, perhaps, were really amazed at the sight of a man so very different in habit, feature, and complexion, from those who might probably live in so remote a climate. Upon the strength of this reasoning, I ventured to address them in the following manner: “Gentlemen, if you be conjurers, as I have good cause to believe, you can understand my language; therefore I make bold to let your worships know that I am a poor distressed Englishman, driven by his misfortunes upon your coast; and I entreat one of you to let me ride upon his back, as if he were a real horse, to some house or village where I can be relieved. In return of which favour, I will make you a present of this knife and bracelet,” taking them out of my pocket. The two creatures stood silent while I spoke, seeming to listen with great attention, and when I had ended, they neighed frequently towards each other, as if they were engaged in serious conversation. I plainly observed that their language expressed the passions very well, and the words might, with little pains, be resolved into an alphabet more easily than the Chinese. I could frequently distinguish the word Yahoo, which was repeated by each of them several times: and although it was impossible for me to conjecture what it meant, yet while the two horses were busy in conversation, I endeavoured to practise this word upon my tongue; and as soon as they were silent, I boldly pronounced Yahoo in a loud voice, imitating at the same time, as near as I could, the neighing of a horse; at which they were both visibly surprised; and the gray repeated the same word twice, as if he meant to teach me the right accent; wherein I spoke after him as well as I could, and found myself perceivably to improve every time, though very far from any degree of perfection. Then the bay tried me with a second word, much harder to be pronounced; but reducing it to the English orthography, may be spelt thus, Houyhnhnm. I did not succeed in

Korean acute: 격렬한, 급성의, 날카로운, 뾰족 한, 예민한, 빈틈없는, 예각, 예, 격렬 하다, 고통스러운, 예리한. distressed: 피로한, 궁핍한, 구유핍한, 투매의, 고민하는. entreat: 탄원하다, 간절히부탁하다, 간 청하다, 취급하다. frequently: 종종, 자주, 때때로, 빈번 히. gray: 회색, 음침한, 원숙한, 늙은, 박명 , 창백한, 백발의, 황혼, 회색의, 그레

이, 노년의. knife: 나이프, 메스, 식칼, 단도로 찌 르다, 나이프로 베다, 비겁한 수법으 로 해치우려 하다, 칼, 수술용 칼, 해 치우려고 하다, 헤치며 나아가다, 음 흉한 수단으로 해치우려고 하다. orthography: 바른철자, 정서법, 정자 법. perceivably: 뚜렷이, 지각할 수 있게. practise: 사건 의뢰인, 환자, 의식, 실 행, 버릇, 습관, 습관적으로 행하다,

연습, 예배식, 의사를 개업하다, 변호 사 등을 개업하다. rational: 유리수, 합리적인, 추리의, 유 리의, 이성의, 합리적인 것, 추론의, 순이론의, 유리수의, 사리에 맞는, 이 성 있는. reducing: 체중감소법, 몸 야위는 법, 체중 감소법. solve: 설명하다, 해결하다, 풀다. visibly: 눈에 보이게, 뚜렷하게, 명백 히, 역력히.

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this so well as in the former; but after two or three farther trials, I had better fortune; and they both appeared amazed at my capacity.% After some further discourse, which I then conjectured might relate to me, the two friends took their leaves, with the same compliment of striking each other’s hoof; and the gray made me signs that I should walk before him; wherein I thought it prudent to comply, till I could find a better director. When I offered to slacken my pace, he would cry hhuun hhuun: I guessed his meaning, and gave him to understand, as well as I could, “that I was weary, and not able to walk faster;” upon which he would stand awhile to let me rest.

Korean cry: 부르짖다, 울다, 외침, 고함, 애원 족, 발걸음, 포족걷다. stand: 일어서다, 위치하다, 세우다, 서 하다, 엉엉 울다, 큰소리로 부르다, 큰 relate: 말하다, 관계시키다, 관련시키 다, 침로를 잡다, 받다, 괴다, 멈춰서 소리로 알리다, 외치다, 울며...하다, 다, 이야기하다, 관련이 있다, 친척으 다, 오래가다, 고수하다, 참다. 함성. 로 삼다, 와 친척 관계에 있다, 친척 understand: 이해하다, 의 의미로 해석 director: 지도자, 감독, 지휘자, 중역, 관계에 있다. 하다, 추측하다, 정통하다, 전해듣고 원장, 유구 탐침, 집정관, 관리자. rest: 쉬다, 쉼표, 휴식, 대, 휴식하다, 있다, 이해력이 있다, 생각하다, 마음 former: 앞의, 이전의, 전자의, 형성자, 수면, 영면하다, 휴양, 휴지, 안심, 안 속에서 보충하다, 들어서 알다, 들어 만드는 도구, 구성자, 권형, 모형, 형, 심하고 있다. 서 알고 있다, 알다. 전의, 전자. slacken: 느슨해지다, 늦추다, 늘어지 walk: 걷다, 산책하다, 걸어가다, 보행, pace: 속도, 걷는 속도, 보폭, 보조, 대 다, 게을리하다, 감소시키다, 늦어지 처세, 걸음걸이, 사육장, 산책길, 걸리 속으로가다, 진도, 한 걸음, 걸음, 포 다. 다, 산책, 행동.

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%II

[The author conducted by a Houyhnhnm to his house. The house described. The author’s reception. The food of the Houyhnhnms. The author in distress for want of meat. Is at last relieved. His manner of feeding in this country.]

Having travelled about three miles, we came to a long kind of building, made of timber stuck in the ground, and wattled across; the roof was low and covered with straw. I now began to be a little comforted; and took out some toys, which travellers usually carry for presents to the savage Indians of America, and other parts, in hopes the people of the house would be thereby encouraged to receive me kindly. The horse made me a sign to go in first; it was a large room with a smooth clay floor, and a rack and manger, extending the whole length on one side. There were three nags and two mares, not eating, but some of them sitting down upon their hams, which I very much wondered at; but wondered more to see the rest employed in domestic business; these seemed but ordinary cattle. However, this confirmed my first opinion, that a people who could so far civilise brute animals, must needs excel in wisdom all the nations of the world. The gray came in just after, and thereby prevented any ill treatment which the others might have given me. He neighed to them several times in a style of authority, and received answers.

Korean civilise: 세련되게 하다, 문명화하다, 교화하다. clay: 점토, 육체, 찰흙, 자질, 흙, 인격, 인품, 사기담뱃대, 천성, 진흙, 인체. covered: 덮개를 씌운, 뚜껑을 한, 모자 를 쓴, 엄호물이 있는, 지붕이 있는, 차폐한, 감춰진. domestic: 국내의, 하인, 가정적인, 하 녀, 길들여진, 국산의, 가정에충실한, 가정내의, 가사의, 가정의, 길든. eating: 먹기, 식용의, 식품, 식품-좀먹

어들어가는, 좀먹어 들어가는, 음식, 침대, 경구보로 뛰어가다, 황폐. 물. smooth: 유창한, 매끄러운, 반드럽게 hams: 햄 샌드위치. 함, 부드러운, 입에 당기는, 평지, 반 manger: 여물통, 구유. 드러운 부분, 수염없는, 반드러운, 멋 meat: 고기, 식사, 음식, 살, 알맹이, 음 진, 귀에 거슬리지 않는. 식물, 식용 짐승고기. timber: 재목, 큰 재목, 재목으로 건축 needs: 꼭, 어떻게든지. 하다, 인품, 선재, 용재, 소질, 수목, opinion: 의견, 평가, 소신, 판단, 감정, 삼림, 목조 장애물, 삼주문. 여론, 선악의 판단, 전문가의 의견. wattled: 늘어진 살이 있는, 욋가지로 rack: 고문, 파괴, 그물 선반, 선반, 고 엮은, 느어진 살이 있는, 오리로 역어 문대, 고문하다, 조각구름, 착취하다, 만든.

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Beyond%this room there were three others, reaching the length of the house, to which you passed through three doors, opposite to each other, in the manner of a vista. We went through the second room towards the third. Here the gray walked in first, beckoning me to attend: I waited in the second room, and got ready my presents for the master and mistress of the house; they were two knives, three bracelets of false pearls, a small looking-glass, and a bead necklace. The horse neighed three or four times, and I waited to hear some answers in a human voice, but I heard no other returns than in the same dialect, only one or two a little shriller than his. I began to think that this house must belong to some person of great note among them, because there appeared so much ceremony before I could gain admittance. But, that a man of quality should be served all by horses, was beyond my comprehension. I feared my brain was disturbed by my sufferings and misfortunes. I roused myself, and looked about me in the room where I was left alone: this was furnished like the first, only after a more elegant manner. I rubbed my eyes often, but the same objects still occurred. I pinched my arms and sides to awake myself, hoping I might be in a dream. I then absolutely concluded, that all these appearances could be nothing else but necromancy and magic. But I had no time to pursue these reflections; for the gray horse came to the door, and made me a sign to follow him into the third room where I saw a very comely mare, together with a colt and foal, sitting on their haunches upon mats of straw, not unartfully made, and perfectly neat and clean. The mare soon after my entrance rose from her mat, and coming up close, after having nicely observed my hands and face, gave me a most contemptuous look; and turning to the horse, I heard the word Yahoo often repeated betwixt them; the meaning of which word I could not then comprehend, although it was the first I had learned to pronounce. But I was soon better informed, to my everlasting mortification; for the horse, beckoning to me with his head, and repeating the hhuun, hhuun, as he did upon the road, which I understood was to attend him, led me out into a kind of court, where was another building, at some distance from the house. Here we entered, and I saw three of those detestable creatures, which I first met after my landing, feeding upon roots, and the flesh of some animals, which I afterwards found to be that of asses and dogs, and now

Korean bead: 구슬, 방울, 염주알, 거품의, 염 주, 로자리오, 유리알, 가늠쇠, 구슬이 되다, 구슬선, 구슬로 장식하다. belong: 에속하다, 의 것이다, 있다, 있 어야 하다, 속하다, 소속하다. colt: 망아지, 초심자, 콜트식 자동 권 총, 풋내기, 매듭진 채찍으로 때리다, 장난꾸러기, 밧줄로 만든 매듭진 채찍 , 미숙한 사람, 미숙한 젊은이, 콜트식 자동권총, 미숙한 자. comprehension: 이해, 포함, 함축, 이

해력, 포용력, 포용주의, 내포. 석, 엉킨 물건, 깔개, 대지, 광택없는contemptuous: 경멸적인, 사람을 얕잡 - 대지, 양탄자, 멍석을 깔다, 광택없 아보는, 오만 무례, 경멸하여. 는, 엉키다. everlasting: 영구한, 영원한, 끝없는, necklace: 목걸이, 교수용 밧줄, 네크리 변함없는, 영원, 영겁, 지루한, 떡쑥, 스, 목을 달아매는 끈. 영구, 영원히 계속되는, 튼튼한 나사. nicely: 훌륭하게, 정밀하게, 기분좋게, foal: 망아지를 낳다, 망아지, 당나귀의 까다롭게, 제대로, 꼼꼼하게, 세심하 새끼, 낳다, 노새의 새끼. 게, 잘, 꼭. mare: 바다, 암말, 암컷, 말 따위의 암 vista: 전망, 가로수 길, 거리, 멀리 보 컷. 이는 경치, 예상, 멀리 내다보이는 경 mat: 매트, 신바닥 문지르는 깔개, 멍 치, 추억.

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and then a cow, dead by accident or disease. They were all tied by the neck with strong withes fastened to a beam; they held their food between the claws of their fore feet, and tore it with their teeth.% The master horse ordered a sorrel nag, one of his servants, to untie the largest of these animals, and take him into the yard. The beast and I were brought close together, and by our countenances diligently compared both by master and servant, who thereupon repeated several times the word Yahoo. My horror and astonishment are not to be described, when I observed in this abominable animal, a perfect human figure: the face of it indeed was flat and broad, the nose depressed, the lips large, and the mouth wide; but these differences are common to all savage nations, where the lineaments of the countenance are distorted, by the natives suffering their infants to lie grovelling on the earth, or by carrying them on their backs, nuzzling with their face against the mothers’ shoulders. The fore-feet of the Yahoo differed from my hands in nothing else but the length of the nails, the coarseness and brownness of the palms, and the hairiness on the backs. There was the same resemblance between our feet, with the same differences; which I knew very well, though the horses did not, because of my shoes and stockings; the same in every part of our bodies except as to hairiness and colour, which I have already described. The great difficulty that seemed to stick with the two horses, was to see the rest of my body so very different from that of a Yahoo, for which I was obliged to my clothes, whereof they had no conception. The sorrel nag offered me a root, which he held (after their manner, as we shall describe in its proper place) between his hoof and pastern; I took it in my hand, and, having smelt it, returned it to him again as civilly as I could. He brought out of the Yahoos’ kennel a piece of ass’s flesh; but it smelt so offensively that I turned from it with loathing: he then threw it to the Yahoo, by whom it was greedily devoured. He afterwards showed me a wisp of hay, and a fetlock full of oats; but I shook my head, to signify that neither of these were food for me. And indeed I now apprehended that I must absolutely starve, if I did not get to some of my own species; for as to those filthy Yahoos, although there were few greater lovers of

Korean abominable: 지독한, 싫은, 지겹게, 지 kennel: 개집, 도랑, 개의사육장, 사냥 겨운, 지긋지긋한, 참으로 싫은. 개의떼, 사냥개의 떼, 개의 사육장, 떼 brownness: 갈색. , 오두막집, 사냥개 따위의 떼, 개집에 civilly: 속인적으로, 민법상, 민간으로, 넣다, 개집에 들어가다. 민법산, 정중히, 예절바르게, 정중하 loathing: 지겨움, 강한 혐오, 질색, 혐 게, 예의바르게, 민사적으로, 시민답 오, 싫음, 혐오를 느끼는. 게, 시민 답게. nag: 성가시게 잔소리하다, 성가신 잔 coarseness: 조잡, 야비, 거침, 열등, 조 소리, 늙은말, 잔소리하여 괴롭히다, 잡함, 추잡, 결의 거침. 끈질기게 괴롭히다, 낡은 자동차, 경 fetlock: 구절, 거모. 주마, 늚어 빠진 말, 바가지 긁다, 조 hairiness: 털이 많음, 털이 있음. 랑말, 욕설하며 들볶다.

resemblance: 유사, 닮은 얼굴, 닮음, 외관, 유사물, 초상, 그림, 외형, 상, 비슷함, 모양. smelt: 용해하다, 제련하다, 빙어, 빙어 무리의 식용어. thereupon: 그위에, 그러므로, 그리하 여, 거기서, 그 위에, 그 후 즉시. untie: 풀다, 끄르다, 속박을 풀다, 해 결하다, 풀리다, 해방하다. wisp: 도깨비 불, 다발, 작은것, 한모숨 , 단편, 양복솔, 한줌.

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mankind at that time than myself, yet I confess I never saw any sensitive being so detestable on all accounts; and the more I came near them the more hateful they grew, while I stayed in that country. This the master horse observed by my behaviour, and therefore sent the Yahoo back to his kennel. He then put his forehoof to his mouth, at which I was much surprised, although he did it with ease, and with a motion that appeared perfectly natural, and made other signs, to know what I would eat; but I could not return him such an answer as he was able to apprehend; and if he had understood me, I did not see how it was possible to contrive any way for finding myself nourishment. While we were thus engaged, I observed a cow passing by, whereupon I pointed to her, and expressed a desire to go and milk her. This had its effect; for he led me back into the house, and ordered a mare-servant to open a room, where a good store of milk lay in earthen and wooden vessels, after a very orderly and cleanly manner. She gave me a large bowlful, of which I drank very heartily, and found myself well refreshed.% About noon, I saw coming towards the house a kind of vehicle drawn like a sledge by four Yahoos. There was in it an old steed, who seemed to be of quality; he alighted with his hind-feet forward, having by accident got a hurt in his left fore-foot. He came to dine with our horse, who received him with great civility. They dined in the best room, and had oats boiled in milk for the second course, which the old horse ate warm, but the rest cold. Their mangers were placed circular in the middle of the room, and divided into several partitions, round which they sat on their haunches, upon bosses of straw. In the middle was a large rack, with angles answering to every partition of the manger; so that each horse and mare ate their own hay, and their own mash of oats and milk, with much decency and regularity. The behaviour of the young colt and foal appeared very modest, and that of the master and mistress extremely cheerful and complaisant to their guest. The gray ordered me to stand by him; and much discourse passed between him and his friend concerning me, as I found by the stranger’s often looking on me, and the frequent repetition of the word Yahoo.

Korean angles: 앵글족. 말끔히, 개끗하게, 말쑥한, 청결히. partition: 분할, 구획, 부분, 칸 막다, answering: 상응하는, 응답의. mash: 으깨어 뭉개다, 더운 물을 섞다, 칸막이 벽, 분배하다, 분할하다, 칸막 boiled: 취한, 끓은. 곡분이나 밀기울 따위를 더운물에 갠 이하기. bowlful: 공기 한 그릇, 한 사발. 사료, 반하게 하다, 엿기름물, 짓이긴 repetition: 되풀이, 반복, 암송, 모사, cheerful: 즐거운, 유쾌한, 쾌활한, 싫 것, 매시, 짓이겨서 질척하게 만든 것, 모방, 복사, 반복된 말, 복주, 복창, 사 은, 지독한, 마음으로 부터의, 기분 좋 으깨다, 엿기름에 끓는 물을 타다, 밀 본, 재주장. 은, 기운찬, 마음을 밝게하는, 명랑한, 기울 따위를 더운 물에 푼 마소의 사 sledge: 썰매로 가다, 썰매로 운반하다, 밝은. 료. 썰매를 타다, 썰매, 큰 망치, 작은 썰 cleanly: 깨끗한 것을 좋아하는, 솜씨 nourishment: 자양물, 육성, 양식, 영 매, 큰 쇠망치, 큰 쇠망치로 치다, 큰 있게, 품위 있는, 완전히, 청결한, 완 양물, 영양상태양식, 음식, 음식물, 자 해머. 전히-깨끗한 것을 좋아하는, 조촐한, 양분 공급, 조성.

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I happened to wear my gloves, which the master gray observing, seemed perplexed, discovering signs of wonder what I had done to my fore-feet. He put his hoof three or four times to them, as if he would signify, that I should reduce them to their former shape, which I presently did, pulling off both my gloves, and putting them into my pocket. This occasioned farther talk; and I saw the company was pleased with my behaviour, whereof I soon found the good effects. I was ordered to speak the few words I understood; and while they were at dinner, the master taught me the names for oats, milk, fire, water, and some others, which I could readily pronounce after him, having from my youth a great facility in learning languages.% When dinner was done, the master horse took me aside, and by signs and words made me understand the concern he was in that I had nothing to eat. Oats in their tongue are called hlunnh. This word I pronounced two or three times; for although I had refused them at first, yet, upon second thoughts, I considered that I could contrive to make of them a kind of bread, which might be sufficient, with milk, to keep me alive, till I could make my escape to some other country, and to creatures of my own species. The horse immediately ordered a white mare servant of his family to bring me a good quantity of oats in a sort of wooden tray. These I heated before the fire, as well as I could, and rubbed them till the husks came off, which I made a shift to winnow from the grain. I ground and beat them between two stones; then took water, and made them into a paste or cake, which I toasted at the fire and eat warm with milk. It was at first a very insipid diet, though common enough in many parts of Europe, but grew tolerable by time; and having been often reduced to hard fare in my life, this was not the first experiment I had made how easily nature is satisfied. And I cannot but observe, that I never had one hours sickness while I stayed in this island. It is true, I sometimes made a shift to catch a rabbit, or bird, by springs made of Yahoo’s hairs; and I often gathered wholesome herbs, which I boiled, and ate as salads with my bread; and now and then, for a rarity, I made a little butter, and drank the whey. I was at first at a great loss for salt, but custom soon reconciled me to the want of it; and I am confident that the frequent use of salt among us is an effect of luxury, and was first introduced only as a provocative to drink, except

Korean fare: 음식물, 가다, 먹다, 지내다, 승객, 일어나다, 요금, 여행하다, 대접받다, 운임, 되다. grain: 곡물, 낟알, 그레인, 미량, 성질, 나뭇결, 돌결, 알로 만들다, 특성, 성 미, 껄걸한 면. heated: 격한, 뜨거워진, 흥분, 가열된, 흥분한. insipid: 맛없는, 재미없는, 풍미가 없 는, 김빠진, 무미건조한. paste: 풀, 반죽, 반죽해 이긴것, 페이

스트, 붙여넣기, 풀로 붙이다, 대지에 붙이다, 강타, 납 유리, 반죽한 것, 사 진제판 따위를 하기 위해 대지에 붙이 다. provocative: 성나게 하는, 자극하는, 도발적인, 성나게 하는 것, 자극, 화나 게 하는 것, 흥분제, 남을 성나게 하는 . rabbit: 토끼, 토끼의 모피, 서투른 경 기자, 집토끼, 겁쟁이, 토끼 고기, 토 끼 사냥을 하다, 저주하다, 불평을 털

어 놓다, 뱅충맞이, 토끼 사냥하다. tray: 쟁반, 얕은 접시, 칸막이 상자, 장 애물 치우개. whey: 유장. wholesome: 유익한, 건강에 좋은, 건 전한, 건강해 보이는, 위생에 좋은, 안 전한, 신중한, 건강듯한, 건강한. winnow: 골라내다, 까붐질하다, 겨를 까부르다, 곡식을 까부르기, 켜질하다 , 식별하다, 키질하다, 선별하다, 까부 르다, 그 장치, 까불러 가리는 도구.

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where it is necessary for preserving flesh in long voyages, or in places remote from great markets; for we observe no animal to be fond of it but man, and as to myself, when I left this country, it was a great while before I could endure the taste of it in anything that I ate.% This is enough to say upon the subject of my diet, wherewith other travellers fill their books, as if the readers were personally concerned whether we fare well or ill. However, it was necessary to mention this matter, lest the world should think it impossible that I could find sustenance for three years in such a country, and among such inhabitants. When it grew towards evening, the master horse ordered a place for me to lodge in; it was but six yards from the house and separated from the stable of the Yahoos. Here I got some straw, and covering myself with my own clothes, slept very sound. But I was in a short time better accommodated, as the reader shall know hereafter, when I come to treat more particularly about my way of living.

Korean animal: 동물, 짐승, 금수, 동물성의, 하다, 흙으로 돋우다, 조제하다, 충족 다, 파수막, 해리따위의 굴, 동거인. 짐승 같은 인간, 동물적인, 동물적 요 시키다. master: 주인, 석사, 도련님, 대가, 선생 소, 동물성질의, 동물의. horse: 말, 안마, 기병, 말을 달다, 암내 , 명인, 숙달하다, 임자, 교장, 가장, clothes: 옷, 침구, 의복, 세탁물, 빨래 나다, 승마하다, 발판, 혹사하다, 목마 억제하다. 감, 범포, 모직물, 검은 성직복, 클로 , 다리가 있는 물건걸이, 사람. personally: 몸소, 개인적으로, 자기만 스, 헝겊, 천. impossible: 불가능한, 참을수 없는, 으로서는, 인품으로서, 개인을 빗대어 covering: 덮는, 지붕, 덮개, 덮음, 피복 지독한, 있을 수없는, 어림도 없는, 믿 서, 자기 개인으로서는, 빗대어서. , 커버, 외피, 엄호의, 엄호-덮는, 엄 기어려운, 몹시 이상한, 몹시 싫은, 어 stable: 안정된, 착실한, 마구간, 마구 호, 덮어씌움. 려운, 있을 수 없는, 괴상망측한. 간에 넣다, 복원력이 있는, 외양간, 말 fill: 채우다, 차지하다, 가득참, 보충하 lodge: 맡기다, 묵다, 하숙인, 오두막집 , 말 조련장, 안정성의, 영속성의, 견 다, 가득차다, 충분, 차다, 흡족하게 , 쓰러지다, 지부, 수위실, 투숙케 하 고한.

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%III

[The author studies to learn the language. The Houyhnhnm, his master, assists in teaching him. The language described. Several Houyhnhnms of quality come out of curiosity to see the author. He gives his master a short account of his voyage.]

My principal endeavour was to learn the language, which my master (for so I shall henceforth call him), and his children, and every servant of his house, were desirous to teach me; for they looked upon it as a prodigy, that a brute animal should discover such marks of a rational creature. I pointed to every thing, and inquired the name of it, which I wrote down in my journal-book when I was alone, and corrected my bad accent by desiring those of the family to pronounce it often. In this employment, a sorrel nag, one of the under-servants, was very ready to assist me. In speaking, they pronounced through the nose and throat, and their language approaches nearest to the High-Dutch, or German, of any I know in Europe; but is much more graceful and significant. The emperor Charles V. made almost the same observation, when he said “that if he were to speak to his horse, it should be in High-Dutch.” The curiosity and impatience of my master were so great, that he spent many hours of his leisure to instruct me. He was convinced (as he afterwards told me)

Korean afterwards: 나중에, 후에. 맡아내다, 직각적 식별력, 냄새 맡다, alone: 혼자, 단지, 홀로, 자기 혼자서, 잡이. 고독한, 단독으로. pointed: 뾰족한, 가시돋친, 노골적인, approaches: 구혼. 두드러진, 말씨가 명쾌한, 명쾌한. assist: 거들다, 돕다, 포살, 참석하다조 ready: 즉석의, 재빠른, 하기 쉬운, 준 력, 조수 의 일을 맡아보다, 원조, 참 비시키다, 준비된, 편리한, 준비를 갖 석하다, 원조하다, 조력. 춘, 준비가 되어 있는, 채비가된, 사격 learn: 배우다, 익히다, 외다, 알다, 가 준비 자세를 취한, 준비하다. 르치다, 듣다. significant: 의미 심장한, 중대한, 을 nose: 코, 돌출부, 후각, 전진하다, 냄 뜻하는, 상당한, 중요한, 을 의미하는, 새맡다, 코를 비벼대다, 찾다, 냄새를 의미 있는.

speak: 이야기하다, 탄원하다, 표명하 다, 이야기 하다, 울리다, 연설하다, 말하다, 성명하다, 나타내다, 쓰다, 에 게 말을 걸다. speaking: 말하기, 연설, 정치적 집회, 이야기 하기에 적합한, 담화, 이야기 를 할 정도의, 생생한, 말하는, 말이라 도 할 것 같은. spent: 다 써버린, 지쳐버린, 산란한. teaching: 수업, 가르치기, 가르침, 교 수, 교습, 교육, 교의, 교훈 가르치는.

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that I must be a Yahoo; but my teachableness, civility, and cleanliness, astonished him; which were qualities altogether opposite to those animals. He was most perplexed about my clothes, reasoning sometimes with himself, whether they were a part of my body: for I never pulled them off till the family were asleep, and got them on before they waked in the morning. My master was eager to learn “whence I came; how I acquired those appearances of reason, which I discovered in all my actions; and to know my story from my own mouth, which he hoped he should soon do by the great proficiency I made in learning and pronouncing their words and sentences.” To help my memory, I formed all I learned into the English alphabet, and writ the words down, with the translations. This last, after some time, I ventured to do in my master’s presence. It cost me much trouble to explain to him what I was doing; for the inhabitants have not the least idea of books or literature.% In about ten weeks time, I was able to understand most of his questions; and in three months, could give him some tolerable answers. He was extremely curious to know “from what part of the country I came, and how I was taught to imitate a rational creature; because the Yahoos (whom he saw I exactly resembled in my head, hands, and face, that were only visible), with some appearance of cunning, and the strongest disposition to mischief, were observed to be the most unteachable of all brutes.” I answered, “that I came over the sea, from a far place, with many others of my own kind, in a great hollow vessel made of the bodies of trees: that my companions forced me to land on this coast, and then left me to shift for myself.” It was with some difficulty, and by the help of many signs, that I brought him to understand me. He replied, “that I must needs be mistaken, or that I said the thing which was not;” for they have no word in their language to express lying or falsehood. “He knew it was impossible that there could be a country beyond the sea, or that a parcel of brutes could move a wooden vessel whither they pleased upon water. He was sure no Houyhnhnm alive could make such a vessel, nor would trust Yahoos to manage it.”

Korean alive: 활기를 띠어, 살아서, 혈기왕성 manage: 처리하다, 다루다, 조종하다, 하여, 살아 있는, 떼지어, 민감한, 전 경영하다, 관리하다, 조교하다, 취급 류가 통하고 있는, 생생하여. 하다, 헤쳐나가다, 먹다, 어거하다, 어 altogether: 전부해서, 아주전혀, 대체 겨하다. 로-전체적 효과, 벌거숭이, 요컨대, opposite: 반대의, 역의, 반대의 것, 마 전체, 전혀, 다 합하여. 주보는, 의 맞은쪽의, 반대쪽에, 반대 express: 명시된, 명백한, 표시하다, 특 쪽의, 반대자, 대생의, 정반대 말, 반 별히, 표현하다, 급행의, 지급편, 특별 대 사람. 한, 정확한, 지급편으로 보내다, 운송 parcel: 꾸러미, 한 떼, 소포, 한 뭉치, 회사. 분배하다, 소포로 하다, 소화물, 한 구 formed: 생물적 특징을 갖춘, 형성된. 획, 나누다, 일부분, 한 획의 토지.

pronouncing: 발음, 발음의, 발표, 선 언, 발음을 표시하는. pulled: 건강이 쇠약해진, 딴, 털을 뜯 은. teachableness: 가르침을 잘 들음. unteachable: 말을 잘 듣지 않는, 가르 치기 어려운. wooden: 나무의, 얼빠진, 나무로 만든, 무뚝뚝한, 멍청한, 활기 없는, 융통성 없는. writ: 영장, 문서.

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The word Houyhnhnm, in their tongue, signifies a horse, and, in its etymology, the perfection of nature. I told my master, “that I was at a loss for expression, but would improve as fast as I could; and hoped, in a short time, I should be able to tell him wonders.” He was pleased to direct his own mare, his colt, and foal, and the servants of the family, to take all opportunities of instructing me; and every day, for two or three hours, he was at the same pains himself. Several horses and mares of quality in the neighbourhood came often to our house, upon the report spread of “a wonderful Yahoo, that could speak like a Houyhnhnm, and seemed, in his words and actions, to discover some glimmerings of reason.” These delighted to converse with me: they put many questions, and received such answers as I was able to return. By all these advantages I made so great a progress, that, in five months from my arrival I understood whatever was spoken, and could express myself tolerably well.% The Houyhnhnms, who came to visit my master out of a design of seeing and talking with me, could hardly believe me to be a right Yahoo, because my body had a different covering from others of my kind. They were astonished to observe me without the usual hair or skin, except on my head, face, and hands; but I discovered that secret to my master upon an accident which happened about a fortnight before. I have already told the reader, that every night, when the family were gone to bed, it was my custom to strip, and cover myself with my clothes. It happened, one morning early, that my master sent for me by the sorrel nag, who was his valet. When he came I was fast asleep, my clothes fallen off on one side, and my shirt above my waist. I awaked at the noise he made, and observed him to deliver his message in some disorder; after which he went to my master, and in a great fright gave him a very confused account of what he had seen. This I presently discovered, for, going as soon as I was dressed to pay my attendance upon his honour, he asked me “the meaning of what his servant had reported, that I was not the same thing when I slept, as I appeared to be at other times; that his vale assured him, some part of me was white, some yellow, at least not so white, and some brown.”

Korean attendance: 출석, 시중, 돌봄, 참석, 출 내다, 시끄러움, 야단, 떠들다, 소란, 근, 간호, 출석자수, 관객수, 서비스, 소문을 내다, 소문을 퍼뜨리다. 서비스료. shirt: 와이셔츠, 성내지 않다, 셔츠, 내 confused: 혼란스러운, 당황한, 혼란한 의, 포장천, 남자 잠옷. , 어리둥절한, 지리멸렬한, 낭패한. spread: 펴다, 퍼지다, 유포, 퍼뜨리다, dressed: 요리 준비가 된, 옷을 입은, 미치다, 보급, 뻗다, 유포하다, 흩뿌리 과거분사, 손질을 한. 다, 펼치다, 큰 기사. except: 제외하다, 반대하다, 기피하다, strip: 벗기다, 옷을 벗다, 길고 가느다 을 제하고는, 외에는, 빼다, 이의를 내 란 조각, 장비를 떼다, 활주로, 벌거숭 세우다. 이로 만들다, 빼앗다, 철판 활주로, 연 noise: 소음, 잡음, 소리, 평판, 소리를 재만화, 의 덮개를 없애다, 줄거리를

떼어내다. vale: 골짜기, 이별, 안녕히, 작별인사. valet: 종자, 보이, 돌보다, 시종, 시종 으로 섬기다, 남의 옷을 돌보다. wonderful: 이상한, 놀라운, 굉장한, 훌륭한. yellow: 황색의, 성정적인, 질투심많은 , 편견을 가진, 피부가 누런, 겁많은, 노래지다, 황색, 의심 많은, 노랗다, 질투 많은.

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I%had hitherto concealed the secret of my dress, in order to distinguish myself, as much as possible, from that cursed race of Yahoos; but now I found it in vain to do so any longer. Besides, I considered that my clothes and shoes would soon wear out, which already were in a declining condition, and must be supplied by some contrivance from the hides of Yahoos, or other brutes; whereby the whole secret would be known. I therefore told my master, “that in the country whence I came, those of my kind always covered their bodies with the hairs of certain animals prepared by art, as well for decency as to avoid the inclemencies of air, both hot and cold; of which, as to my own person, I would give him immediate conviction, if he pleased to command me: only desiring his excuse, if I did not expose those parts that nature taught us to conceal.” He said, “my discourse was all very strange, but especially the last part; for he could not understand, why nature should teach us to conceal what nature had given; that neither himself nor family were ashamed of any parts of their bodies; but, however, I might do as I pleased.” Whereupon I first unbuttoned my coat, and pulled it off. I did the same with my waistcoat. I drew off my shoes, stockings, and breeches. I let my shirt down to my waist, and drew up the bottom; fastening it like a girdle about my middle, to hide my nakedness. My master observed the whole performance with great signs of curiosity and admiration. He took up all my clothes in his pastern, one piece after another, and examined them diligently; he then stroked my body very gently, and looked round me several times; after which, he said, it was plain I must be a perfect Yahoo; but that I differed very much from the rest of my species in the softness, whiteness, and smoothness of my skin; my want of hair in several parts of my body; the shape and shortness of my claws behind and before; and my affectation of walking continually on my two hinder feet. He desired to see no more; and gave me leave to put on my clothes again, for I was shuddering with cold. I expressed my uneasiness at his giving me so often the appellation of Yahoo, an odious animal, for which I had so utter a hatred and contempt: I begged he would forbear applying that word to me, and make the same order in his family

Korean coat: 칠하다, 외피, 상의, 입히다, 씌운 폭로, 적발, 접하게 하다, 버리다, 보 것, 가죽, 스커트, 덮개, 코트, 칠, 층. 이다. conviction: 죄의 자각, 설득, 회오, 확 gently: 점잖게, 부드럽게, 서서히, 양 신, 신념, 유죄의 판결, 설득력, 유죄 반답게, 조용히, 완만하게, 온화하게, 판결. 예의범절이 바르게, 우아하게, 천천히 dress: 의복, 정장하다, 예복, 드레스, , 친절히. 정열시키다, 다듬다, 입히다, 정장시 nakedness: 결핍, 벌거숭이 노출이 있 키다, 무두질하다, 치료하다, 치장하 는 그대로임, 벌거숭이. 다. shortness: 짧음, 부족, 무름, 낮음, 가 expose: 쐬다, 폭로하다, 노출하다, 집 까움, 무뚝뚝함, 냉랭함, 부서지기 쉬 밖에 내버리다, 적발하다, 진열하다, 움, 간략.

shuddering: 쭈뼛해지는, 떠는, 몸서리 치는. smoothness: 교언, 평이, 평온, 유창, 사교적임, 반드러움, 구변 좋음, 감언, 평탄, 맛이 부드러움. unbuttoned: 단추를 끄른, 속박되지 않은, 자유로운. whereby: 어떻게, 그에 의하여, 하는, 무엇에 의하여. whiteness: 흼, 순백함, 결백, 창백함, 창백, 순결, 백색 물질.

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and among his friends whom he suffered to see me. I requested likewise, “that the secret of my having a false covering to my body, might be known to none but himself, at least as long as my present clothing should last; for as to what the sorrel nag, his valet, had observed, his honour might command him to conceal it.”% All this my master very graciously consented to; and thus the secret was kept till my clothes began to wear out, which I was forced to supply by several contrivances that shall hereafter be mentioned. In the meantime, he desired “I would go on with my utmost diligence to learn their language, because he was more astonished at my capacity for speech and reason, than at the figure of my body, whether it were covered or not;” adding, “that he waited with some impatience to hear the wonders which I promised to tell him.” Thenceforward he doubled the pains he had been at to instruct me: he brought me into all company, and made them treat me with civility; “because,” as he told them, privately, “this would put me into good humour, and make me more diverting.” Every day, when I waited on him, beside the trouble he was at in teaching, he would ask me several questions concerning myself, which I answered as well as I could, and by these means he had already received some general ideas, though very imperfect. It would be tedious to relate the several steps by which I advanced to a more regular conversation; but the first account I gave of myself in any order and length was to this purpose: “That I came from a very far country, as I already had attempted to tell him, with about fifty more of my own species; that we travelled upon the seas in a great hollow vessel made of wood, and larger than his honour’s house. I described the ship to him in the best terms I could, and explained, by the help of my handkerchief displayed, how it was driven forward by the wind. That upon a quarrel among us, I was set on shore on this coast, where I walked forward, without knowing whither, till he delivered me from the persecution of those execrable Yahoos.” He asked me, “who made the ship, and how it was possible that the Houyhnhnms of my country would leave it to the management of

Korean advanced: 고등의, 진보적인, 전진한, 진보의, 진보한, 많이 경과한, 진본한, 많은. beside: 비교하여, 벗어나서, 떨어져서, 곁에, 빗나가서, 와 비교하여, 외에, 을 벗어나서, 의 곁에, 의 곁에서. capacity: 수용력, 재능, 자격, 용량, 이 해력, 최대한의, 생산 능력, 용적, 학 습능력, 흡수력, 포용력. clothing: 의류, 덮개, 돛. diligence: 부지런함, 근면, 승합마차,

근민, 합승 마차. persecution: 종교적 박해, 종교적인 execrable: 몹시 싫은, 귀찮은, 밉살스 박해. 러운, 저주할. wear: 착용, 지치게 하다, 사용에 견디 false: 가짜의, 가락이 맞지 않는, 거짓 다, 기르고 있다, 지치다, 옷, 마손, 소 의, 틀린, 부정의, 가의, 임시의, 불성 모, 몸에 지니고 있다, 얼굴에 나타내 실한, 꾸민, 그릇된, 의사의. 다, 닳아서 해지다. fifty: 쉰개, 오십인. wood: 숲, 나무, 식림하다, 수풀, 나무 length: 길이, 기간, 세로, 기장, 특정 로 만든, 나무제품, 목재을 모아두다, 표준의 길이, 음절의 길이, 정신, 행동 재목을 공급하다, 목제의, 목관악기, 의 철저한 범위, 시간적인 길이, 보트 에 나무를 심다. 의 정신, 모음의 길이.

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brutes?” My answer was, “that I durst proceed no further in my relation, unless he would give me his word and honour that he would not be offended, and then I would tell him the wonders I had so often promised.” He agreed; and I went on by assuring him, that the ship was made by creatures like myself; who, in all the countries I had travelled, as well as in my own, were the only governing rational animals; and that upon my arrival hither, I was as much astonished to see the Houyhnhnms act like rational beings, as he, or his friends, could be, in finding some marks of reason in a creature he was pleased to call a Yahoo; to which I owned my resemblance in every part, but could not account for their degenerate and brutal nature. I said farther, “that if good fortune ever restored me to my native country, to relate my travels hither, as I resolved to do, everybody would believe, that I said the thing that was not, that I invented the story out of my own head; and (with all possible respect to himself, his family, and friends, and under his promise of not being offended) our countrymen would hardly think it probable that a Houyhnhnm should be the presiding creature of a nation, and a Yahoo the brute.”%

Korean agreed: 동의하여, 일치한, 협정한. answer: 대답하다, 일치하다, 책임을 지다, 풀다, 응하다, 부합하다, 대답, 해답, 고개를 끄덕여 대답하다, 성공 하다, 보증하다. brutal: 잔인한, 짐승같은, 야수성, 짐 승같이 만들다, 무도, 잔인, 짐승의. everybody: 누구나, 각사람, 각자 모두 , 누구든지. hardly: 간신히, 애써서, 고생하여, 가 혹하게, 엄하게, 하기가 무섭게, 겨우,

아마 ...아니다, 거의...않다, 심하게. respect: 존경, 경의, 존경하다, 인사, nation: 민족, 국민, 국가, 전인류, 부족 관계, 관심, 고려하다, 주의, 고려, 점, 연합, 종족, 세계의 여러국민, 이방인, 관련되다. 부족. story: 소문, 전설, 이야기, 거짓말, 줄 owned: 이 소유하는. 거리, 역사, 신상 이야기, 기사, 경력, presiding: 수석의, 주재하는, 사회하 두뇌, 위층. 는. unless: 을 제외하고, 외에는, 을 제외 promise: 약속, 천국, 촉망, 희망의 땅, 하면, 이 아닌 한, 하는 일 없이는, 만 약속하다, 가망이 있다, 가망, 가망약...이 아니면. 약속하다, 의 희망이 있다, 의 가망성 이 있다, 약속한 일.

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[The Houyhnhnm’s notion of truth and falsehood. The author’s discourse disapproved by his master. The author gives a more particular account of himself, and the accidents of his voyage.]

My master heard me with great appearances of uneasiness in his countenance; because doubting, or not believing, are so little known in this country, that the inhabitants cannot tell how to behave themselves under such circumstances. And I remember, in frequent discourses with my master concerning the nature of manhood in other parts of the world, having occasion to talk of lying and false representation, it was with much difficulty that he comprehended what I meant, although he had otherwise a most acute judgment. For he argued thus: “that the use of speech was to make us understand one another, and to receive information of facts; now, if any one said the thing which was not, these ends were defeated, because I cannot properly be said to understand him; and I am so far from receiving information, that he leaves me worse than in ignorance; for I am led to believe a thing black, when it is white, and short, when it is long.” And these were all the notions he had concerning that faculty of lying, so perfectly well understood, and so universally practised, among human creatures.

Korean behave: 처신하다, 행동하다, 예절바르 게 행동하다, 올바르게 행동하다, 작 동하다, 움직이다, 예절바르다, 얌전 하다, 작용하다, 반응을 나타내다, 성 질을 나타내다. defeated: 쳐부수는. difficulty: 곤란, 이의, 궁박, 난국, 논 쟁, 지장, 어려움, 항의, 곤경. doubting: 의혹을 품고 있는, 불안한. lying: 거짓말의, 거짓말쟁이의, 드러 눕기, 거짓말하기, 거짓말하는, 드러

누워 있는. manhood: 남자임, 남자다움, 인간임, 성년 남자 전체, 남성기, 성년, 인격, 인성, 성인, 성인 남자. notion: 개념, 의견, 생각, 의향, 관념, 능력, 방물, 비현실적인, 의지, 이해력 , 잡화. receive: 수신하다, 이해하다, 경험하다 , 수용하다, 수취하다, 받다, 사들이다 , 수령하다, 응접하다, 받아내다, 접수 하다.

receiving: 수신의, 받는, 고매, 받음, 환영의. representation: 설명, 대표, 상연, 묘사 , 표현, 표시, 연출, 진정, 상상, 대의 제도, 진술. speech: 말, 연설, 말투, 담화, 화법, 표 현력, 이야기, 언어 국어 방언, 언어능 력, 연설법, 말하기. worse: 더욱 나쁘게, 더욱 나쁜, 더욱 나쁜 일, 더욱 심하게, 보다 나쁜, 악 화되어, 한층 더 나쁨.

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To %return from this digression. When I asserted that the Yahoos were the only governing animals in my country, which my master said was altogether past his conception, he desired to know, “whether we had Houyhnhnms among us, and what was their employment?” I told him, “we had great numbers; that in summer they grazed in the fields, and in winter were kept in houses with hay and oats, where Yahoo servants were employed to rub their skins smooth, comb their manes, pick their feet, serve them with food, and make their beds.” “I understand you well,” said my master: “it is now very plain, from all you have spoken, that whatever share of reason the Yahoos pretend to, the Houyhnhnms are your masters; I heartily wish our Yahoos would be so tractable.” I begged “his honour would please to excuse me from proceeding any further, because I was very certain that the account he expected from me would be highly displeasing.” But he insisted in commanding me to let him know the best and the worst. I told him “he should be obeyed.” I owned “that the Houyhnhnms among us, whom we called horses, were the most generous and comely animals we had; that they excelled in strength and swiftness; and when they belonged to persons of quality, were employed in travelling, racing, or drawing chariots; they were treated with much kindness and care, till they fell into diseases, or became foundered in the feet; but then they were sold, and used to all kind of drudgery till they died; after which their skins were stripped, and sold for what they were worth, and their bodies left to be devoured by dogs and birds of prey. But the common race of horses had not so good fortune, being kept by farmers and carriers, and other mean people, who put them to greater labour, and fed them worse.” I described, as well as I could, our way of riding; the shape and use of a bridle, a saddle, a spur, and a whip; of harness and wheels. I added, “that we fastened plates of a certain hard substance, called iron, at the bottom of their feet, to preserve their hoofs from being broken by the stony ways, on which we often travelled.” My master, after some expressions of great indignation, wondered “how we dared to venture upon a Houyhnhnm’s back; for he was sure, that the weakest servant in his house would be able to shake off the strongest Yahoo; or by lying down and rolling on his back, squeeze the brute to death.” I answered “that our

Korean fed: 연방 정부, 연방 수사관, 연방 준 고기, 권력을 쥐고, 안상부, 안장에 올 곤경, 본뜨기, 혼잡, 짜지다, 압착되다 비 은행. 라 타다, 에 안장을 얹다, 말에 안장을 , 붐빔, 짜내다, 착취하다. manes: 조상의 영혼. 얹다, 지우다. stony: 돌의, 돌이 많은, 무표정한, 무 proceeding: 의사록, 행동, 조치, 소송 shake: 악수하다, 휘두르다, 떨어버리 정한, 돌같은, 부동의, 냉혹한, 망연자 절차, 회보, 조처, 처리, 소송 절차, 행 다, 흔들다, 흔들어 깨우다, 흩뿌리다, 실하게 하는, 씨가 많은, 돌처럼 단단 위, 의사, 진행. 흔들어 떨어뜨리다, 진동하다, 전음을 한. rolling: 구르는, 굴리기, 회전. 쓰다, 흔들리게 하다, 떨다. whip: 마부, 채찍질하다, 감치다, 사냥 rub: 장애, 문지르다, 마찰, 곤란, 마찰 spur: 박차, 격려하다, 며느리발톱, 돌 개 담당원, 매, 크림 달걀 따위를 거품 하다, 빈정거림, 애써 나아가다, 울퉁 출부, 격려, 박차를 가하다, 아이젠, 일게 한 디저트 과자, 원내총무, 낚싯 불퉁함, 문지르기, 스치다, 빈정대기. 짧은 가지, 자극, 지선, 박차를 달다. 대를 휙 던져 났다, 휘감다, 단단히 감 saddle: 안장 모양의 물건, 안장, 등심 squeeze: 압착하다, 압착, 밀어 넣다, 다, 거품일게 하다.

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horses were trained up, from three or four years old, to the several uses we intended them for; that if any of them proved intolerably vicious, they were employed for carriages; that they were severely beaten, while they were young, for any mischievous tricks; that the males, designed for the common use of riding or draught, were generally castrated about two years after their birth, to take down their spirits, and make them more tame and gentle; that they were indeed sensible of rewards and punishments; but his honour would please to consider, that they had not the least tincture of reason, any more than the Yahoos in this country.”% It put me to the pains of many circumlocutions, to give my master a right idea of what I spoke; for their language does not abound in variety of words, because their wants and passions are fewer than among us. But it is impossible to express his noble resentment at our savage treatment of the Houyhnhnm race; particularly after I had explained the manner and use of castrating horses among us, to hinder them from propagating their kind, and to render them more servile. He said, “if it were possible there could be any country where Yahoos alone were endued with reason, they certainly must be the governing animal; because reason in time will always prevail against brutal strength. But, considering the frame of our bodies, and especially of mine, he thought no creature of equal bulk was so ill-contrived for employing that reason in the common offices of life;” whereupon he desired to know whether those among whom I lived resembled me, or the Yahoos of his country?” I assured him, “that I was as well shaped as most of my age; but the younger, and the females, were much more soft and tender, and the skins of the latter generally as white as milk.” He said, “I differed indeed from other Yahoos, being much more cleanly, and not altogether so deformed; but, in point of real advantage, he thought I differed for the worse: that my nails were of no use either to my fore or hinder feet; as to my fore feet, he could not properly call them by that name, for he never observed me to walk upon them; that they were too soft to bear the ground; that I generally went with them uncovered; neither was the covering I sometimes wore on them of the same shape, or so strong as that on my feet behind: that I could not walk with any security, for if either of my hinder feet slipped, I must inevitably fail.” He then

Korean bear: 곰, 견디다, 가지다, 지니다, 덮치 다, 하기에 족하다, 받치다, 나르다, 난폭자, 배겨내다, 지탱하다. birth: 탄생, 태어난 것, 출산, 출생, 혈 통, 가문, 기원, 출신, 태생. considering: 치고는, 을 생각하면, 비 교적, 그런대로, 에 비해서, 이므로, 을 고려하면, 고려한다면. frame: 구조, 뼈대, 액자, 기구, 테, 체 격, 모양, 조직, 진행하다, 적합하게 하다, 틀을 잡다.

gentle: 온화한, 구더기, 길들이다, 얌 severely: 수수한, 간소한, 격렬한, 엄 전한, 품위 있는, 양갓집 사람, 지체 밀한, 군더더기 없는, 엄숙한, 호된, 높은, 상냥한, 친절한, 어루만지다, 온 중한, 심하게, 간소하게, 엄하게. 순한. tender: 허약한, 간호인, 부드러운, 제 inevitably: 필연적인, 피할 수 없는. 출하다, 입찰하다, 부속선, 감시인, 입 intolerably: 참을수 없이, 극히, 견디 찰, 제공, 친절한, 탄수차. 지 못하게. uncovered: 보험에 들지 않은, 모자를 lived: 생명이 ...한. 쓰지 않은, 담보가 없는, 덮개가 없는, offices: 부엌, 진력. 노출된, 모자를 쓰지않는, 차페물이 riding: 승마, 구, 승차, 승마의, 승차 없는, 덮게를 씌우지 않는, 차폐물이 말길, 승마용의. 없는.

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began%to find fault with other parts of my body: “the flatness of my face, the prominence of my nose, mine eyes placed directly in front, so that I could not look on either side without turning my head: that I was not able to feed myself, without lifting one of my fore-feet to my mouth: and therefore nature had placed those joints to answer that necessity. He knew not what could be the use of those several clefts and divisions in my feet behind; that these were too soft to bear the hardness and sharpness of stones, without a covering made from the skin of some other brute; that my whole body wanted a fence against heat and cold, which I was forced to put on and off every day, with tediousness and trouble: and lastly, that he observed every animal in this country naturally to abhor the Yahoos, whom the weaker avoided, and the stronger drove from them. So that, supposing us to have the gift of reason, he could not see how it were possible to cure that natural antipathy, which every creature discovered against us; nor consequently how we could tame and render them serviceable. However, he would,” as he said, “debate the matter no farther, because he was more desirous to know my own story, the country where I was born, and the several actions and events of my life, before I came hither.” I assured him, “how extremely desirous I was that he should be satisfied on every point; but I doubted much, whether it would be possible for me to explain myself on several subjects, whereof his honour could have no conception; because I saw nothing in his country to which I could resemble them; that, however, I would do my best, and strive to express myself by similitudes, humbly desiring his assistance when I wanted proper words;” which he was pleased to promise me. I said, “my birth was of honest parents, in an island called England; which was remote from his country, as many days’ journey as the strongest of his honour’s servants could travel in the annual course of the sun; that I was bred a surgeon, whose trade it is to cure wounds and hurts in the body, gotten by accident or violence; that my country was governed by a female man, whom we called queen; that I left it to get riches, whereby I might maintain myself and family, when I should return; that, in my last voyage, I was commander of the

Korean abhor: 몹시 싫어하다, 혐오하다, 거부 , 음식물을 주다. 하다, 소름끼칠 정도로 싫어하다. fence: 검술, 변론의 교묘함, 방어하다, born: 타고난, 태어난, 으로 태어난. 울타리, 담을 뛰어넘다, 담, 검술을 하 cure: 치유, 치료하다, 고치다, 치료, 양 다, 장물 취득인, 펜싱, 울타리를하다, 생하다, 치료법, 영혼의 구제, 목사직, 울타리를 하다. 낫다, 가황, 가황하다. flatness: 평탄, 평지, 음의 저하, 단조 drove: 몰려가는 가축 때, 떼지어 가는 로움, 단호한 태도, 무미, 평면, 평면 무리, 굵은 정. 도, 평범, 불경기. feed: 공급하다, 먹이를 먹다, 만족시 gift: 선물, 재능, 천분, 부여하다, 선사 키다, 기르다, 공급재료, 먹을 것을 줌 하다, 선사하다부여하다, 증여, 천부 , 사료, 식사공급, 음식물을주다, 식사 의 재능, 천부.

naturally: 당연히, 자연히, 있는 그대 로, 물론, 본래, 태어나면서부터, 타고 나기를, 진짜 그대로, 자연의 힘으로, 실물그대로, 수월하게. prominence: 현저, 돌출물, 돌출, 홍염 , 돌기. resemble: 닮다, 와 비슷하다, 을 닮다, 을 ...에 비기다. strive: 노력하다, 싸우다, 겨루다, 애쓰 다. tediousness: 장황함, 지루함.

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ship, and had about fifty Yahoos under me, many of which died at sea, and I was forced to supply them by others picked out from several nations; that our ship was twice in danger of being sunk, the first time by a great storm, and the second by striking against a rock.” Here my master interposed, by asking me, “how I could persuade strangers, out of different countries, to venture with me, after the losses I had sustained, and the hazards I had run?” I said, “they were fellows of desperate fortunes, forced to fly from the places of their birth on account of their poverty or their crimes. Some were undone by lawsuits; others spent all they had in drinking, whoring, and gaming; others fled for treason; many for murder, theft, poisoning, robbery, perjury, forgery, coining false money, for committing rapes, or sodomy; for flying from their colours, or deserting to the enemy; and most of them had broken prison; none of these durst return to their native countries, for fear of being hanged, or of starving in a jail; and therefore they were under the necessity of seeking a livelihood in other places.”% During this discourse, my master was pleased to interrupt me several times. I had made use of many circumlocutions in describing to him the nature of the several crimes for which most of our crew had been forced to fly their country. This labour took up several days’ conversation, before he was able to comprehend me. He was wholly at a loss to know what could be the use or necessity of practising those vices. To clear up which, I endeavoured to give some ideas of the desire of power and riches; of the terrible effects of lust, intemperance, malice, and envy. All this I was forced to define and describe by putting cases and making suppositions. After which, like one whose imagination was struck with something never seen or heard of before, he would lift up his eyes with amazement and indignation. Power, government, war, law, punishment, and a thousand other things, had no terms wherein that language could express them, which made the difficulty almost insuperable, to give my master any conception of what I meant. But being of an excellent understanding, much improved by contemplation and converse, he at last arrived at a competent knowledge of what human nature, in our parts of the world, is capable to perform, and desired I would give him some particular account of that land which we call Europe, but especially of my own country.

Korean competent: 자격이 있는, 유능한, 충분 한, 요구에 맞는, 상당한, 능력이 있는 , 허용되는, 합법적인, 적당한, 심리권 을 가진. contemplation: 숙고, 계획, 예상, 묵상 , 응시, 예기, 망상, 눈여겨봄, 정관, 기도. define: 정의를 내리다, 명확히 하다, 한계를 정하다, 규정짓다, 밝히다, 특 징짓다. desperate: 필사적인, 자포자기의, 절

망적인, 터무니없는, 극도의. drinking: 음주의, 마시기의, 음용의. fly: 날다, 파리, 날리다, 조종하다, 달 아나다, 순식간에없어지다, 비행하다, 비행, 도망하다, 달리다, 펄럭이다. forgery: 위조, 위조 문서, 문서 위조, 위조 화폐, 위조 도장, 위조 작품. imagination: 상상, 상상력, 창작력, 공 상, 창조력, 심상, 구상력, 망상이해력 . insuperable: 이겨내기 어려운, 무적의

, 극복할 수 없는. intemperance: 무절제, 방종, 과도, 무 절제한, 폭음하는, 혹독한, 폭음대주. jail: 교도소, 구치소, 투옥하다, 구류. livelihood: 생계, 살림, 호구지책. punishment: 학대, 처벌, 형벌, 벌, 강 타, 가혹한 처사, 경기 등에서 지치게 함, 징벌, 지치게 함. robbery: 강탈, 강도, 약탈, 강도죄, 도 둑질, 강도질. theft: 도둑질, 절도죄, 도루, 훔침.

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CHAPTER

%V

[The author at his master’s command, informs him of the state of England. The causes of war among the princes of Europe. The author begins to explain the English constitution.]

The reader may please to observe, that the following extract of many conversations I had with my master, contains a summary of the most material points which were discoursed at several times for above two years; his honour often desiring fuller satisfaction, as I farther improved in the Houyhnhnm tongue. I laid before him, as well as I could, the whole state of Europe; I discoursed of trade and manufactures, of arts and sciences; and the answers I gave to all the questions he made, as they arose upon several subjects, were a fund of conversation not to be exhausted. But I shall here only set down the substance of what passed between us concerning my own country, reducing it in order as well as I can, without any regard to time or other circumstances, while I strictly adhere to truth. My only concern is, that I shall hardly be able to do justice to my master’s arguments and expressions, which must needs suffer by my want of capacity, as well as by a translation into our barbarous English. In obedience, therefore, to his honour’s commands, I related to him the Revolution under the Prince of Orange; the long war with France, entered into by the said prince, and renewed by his successor, the present queen, wherein the

Korean arts: 예술. exhausted: 다 써버린, 다 퍼버린, 소모 된, 물이 마른, 고갈된, 지칠대로 지친 . explain: 설명하다, 변명하다, 덧붙이 기, 해석하다, 허사, 욕설, 군더더기, 해명하다. extract: 추출물, 끌어내다, 발췌하다, 짜내다, 인용구, 얻다, 알아내다, 빼어 내다, 뽑아내다, 억지로 받아내다, 뽑 다.

fuller: 직물의 축융공, 축융공, 둥근 홈 suffer: 입다, 견디다, 당하다, 병에 걸 을 내는 연장, 둥근 홈을 내다, 천의 리다, 괴로워하다, 손해를 입다, 겪다, 올을 배게하는 직공, 천의 올을 배게 고생하다, 허용하여, 아파하다, 하게 하는 직공. 하다. prince: 왕자, 공작, 친왕, 황자, 제후, summary: 약식의, 요약, 개략의, 간결 왕, 군주, 대가, 태자, 인품이 좋은 사 한, 적요, 즉결의, 요약한, 일람, 총괄 람, 대군. 적. related: 관계 있는, 관계가 있는, 관련 translation: 번역, 해석, 옮김, 바꾸어 된, 동족의, 친족의, 관계있는. 말함, 물체의 이행, 재산 양도, 자동 successor: 후임자, 상속인, 뒤를 잇는 중계, 이전, 번역물, 바꾸어 놓기, 바 사람, 후임. 꾸어 놓음.

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greatest%powers of Christendom were engaged, and which still continued: I computed, at his request, “that about a million of Yahoos might have been killed in the whole progress of it; and perhaps a hundred or more cities taken, and five times as many ships burnt or sunk.” He asked me, “what were the usual causes or motives that made one country go to war with another?” I answered “they were innumerable; but I should only mention a few of the chief. Sometimes the ambition of princes, who never think they have land or people enough to govern; sometimes the corruption of ministers, who engage their master in a war, in order to stifle or divert the clamour of the subjects against their evil administration. Difference in opinions has cost many millions of lives: for instance, whether flesh be bread, or bread be flesh; whether the juice of a certain berry be blood or wine; whether whistling be a vice or a virtue; whether it be better to kiss a post, or throw it into the fire; what is the best colour for a coat, whether black, white, red, or gray; and whether it should be long or short, narrow or wide, dirty or clean; with many more. Neither are any wars so furious and bloody, or of so long a continuance, as those occasioned by difference in opinion, especially if it be in things indifferent. “Sometimes the quarrel between two princes is to decide which of them shall dispossess a third of his dominions, where neither of them pretend to any right. Sometimes one prince quarrels with another for fear the other should quarrel with him. Sometimes a war is entered upon, because the enemy is too strong; and sometimes, because he is too weak. Sometimes our neighbours want the things which we have, or have the things which we want, and we both fight, till they take ours, or give us theirs. It is a very justifiable cause of a war, to invade a country after the people have been wasted by famine, destroyed by pestilence, or embroiled by factions among themselves. It is justifiable to enter into war against our nearest ally, when one of his towns lies convenient for us, or a territory of land, that would render our dominions round and complete. If a prince sends forces into a nation, where the people are poor and ignorant, he may lawfully put half of them to death, and make slaves of the rest, in order to civilize and reduce them from their barbarous way of living. It is a very kingly,

Korean berry: 열매, 커피의 열매, 딸기의 열매 구하다, 떨들썩함, 외치다. justifiable: 정당하다고 인정할 수있는 , 열매를 따다, 물고기의 알-열매가 dispossess: 몰아내다, 박탈하다, 빼앗 , 정당한, 정당하다고 인정되는. 열리다, 장과, 알, 말린 씨앗, 딸기류 다, 에게서 재산을 빼앗다, 토지에서 kingly: 왕의, 왕다운, 위엄 있는. 의 열매, 장과가 열리다. 퇴거시키다, 에게서 사용권을 빼앗다. lawfully: 정당한, 합법의, 법정의. burnt: 불에 덴, 탄. embroiled: 분규시키는, 혼란시키는, pestilence: 페스트, 평화를 파괴하는, civilize: 교화하다, 개화하다, 세련되 휩쓸어 넣는, 반목시키는. 치명적인, 악성 유행병, 성가신. 게 하다, 교양있는, 문명의, 세련된, indifferent: 무관심한, 공평한, 중성의, territory: 영토, 담당 구역, 판도, 지역, 예의바르게 하다, 문명으로 이끌다, 치우치지 않는, 개의치 않는, 평범한, 비방, 분야, 판매 구역, 지방, 준주. 문명화하다. 좋지도 나쁘지도 않은, 변변치 않은중 wasted: 황폐한, 살해된, 지나간. clamour: 아우성소리 와글와글 떠들다 성의, 중립의, 중요치 않은, 시원치 않 whistling: 휘파람을 부는, 휘파람같은 , 외치는 소리, 부르짖음, 시끄럽게 요 은. 소리를 내는, 천식, 휘파람.

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honourable, and frequent practice, when one prince desires the assistance of another, to secure him against an invasion, that the assistant, when he has driven out the invader, should seize on the dominions himself, and kill, imprison, or banish, the prince he came to relieve. Alliance by blood, or marriage, is a frequent cause of war between princes; and the nearer the kindred is, the greater their disposition to quarrel; poor nations are hungry, and rich nations are proud; and pride and hunger will ever be at variance. For these reasons, the trade of a soldier is held the most honourable of all others; because a soldier is a Yahoo hired to kill, in cold blood, as many of his own species, who have never offended him, as possibly he can.% “There is likewise a kind of beggarly princes in Europe, not able to make war by themselves, who hire out their troops to richer nations, for so much a day to each man; of which they keep three-fourths to themselves, and it is the best part of their maintenance: such are those in many northern parts of Europe.” “What you have told me,” said my master, “upon the subject of war, does indeed discover most admirably the effects of that reason you pretend to: however, it is happy that the shame is greater than the danger; and that nature has left you utterly incapable of doing much mischief. For, your mouths lying flat with your faces, you can hardly bite each other to any purpose, unless by consent. Then as to the claws upon your feet before and behind, they are so short and tender, that one of our Yahoos would drive a dozen of yours before him. And therefore, in recounting the numbers of those who have been killed in battle, I cannot but think you have said the thing which is not.” I could not forbear shaking my head, and smiling a little at his ignorance. And being no stranger to the art of war, I gave him a description of cannons, culverins, muskets, carabines, pistols, bullets, powder, swords, bayonets, battles, sieges, retreats, attacks, undermines, countermines, bombardments, sea fights, ships sunk with a thousand men, twenty thousand killed on each side, dying groans, limbs flying in the air, smoke, noise, confusion, trampling to death under horses’ feet, flight, pursuit, victory; fields strewed with carcases, left for food to dogs and wolves and birds of prey; plundering, stripping, ravishing, burning,

Korean admirably: 훌륭히. banish: 추방하다, 떨어버리다, 쫓아내 다, 덜어 없애다, 귀양보내다, 멀리하 다. beggarly: 거지 같은, 빈약한, 얼마 안 되는, 비천한, 가난한, 초라한, 무일푼 의, 인색한. bite: 물다, 부식하다, 물어뜯다, 물린 상처, 스미다, 한 입, 한 번 묾, 살을 에다, 깨물다, 열중시키다, 상하게 하 다.

hire: 임차료, 고용되다, 세내다, 고용 하다, 세놓다, 임대료, 사용료, 임차하 다, 임차, 임대하다. imprison: 감금하다, 교도소에 넣다, 가두다, 수감하다, 투옥하다, 교도소 에 집어 넣다. kindred: 유사, 혈족, 친척 관계, 일가 권속, 혈족의, 같은 성질의, 친척, 같 은 종류의, 같은 종류, 혈연, 혈연의. ravishing: 매혹적인, 황홀하게 하는, 황홀케하는, 마음을 빼앗는.

relieve: 구제하다, 해직하다, 안심시키 다, 덜다, 경감하다, 대조 시키다, 덜 어주다, 돋보이게 하다, 두드러지게 하다, 교대하다, 구출하다. smiling: 방긋거림, 미소, 은혜, 냉소. utterly: 아주, 완전히, 완전한, 전혀, 순 전히. variance: 변화, 상위, 불화, 변동, 불일 치, 다툼, 이간하다, 와 틀려, 평방 편 차, 소장과 진술과의 상위. wolves: 늑대들.

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and destroying. And to set forth the valour of my own dear countrymen, I assured him, “that I had seen them blow up a hundred enemies at once in a siege, and as many in a ship, and beheld the dead bodies drop down in pieces from the clouds, to the great diversion of the spectators.”% I was going on to more particulars, when my master commanded me silence. He said, “whoever understood the nature of Yahoos, might easily believe it possible for so vile an animal to be capable of every action I had named, if their strength and cunning equalled their malice. But as my discourse had increased his abhorrence of the whole species, so he found it gave him a disturbance in his mind to which he was wholly a stranger before. He thought his ears, being used to such abominable words, might, by degrees, admit them with less detestation: that although he hated the Yahoos of this country, yet he no more blamed them for their odious qualities, than he did a gnnayh (a bird of prey) for its cruelty, or a sharp stone for cutting his hoof. But when a creature pretending to reason could be capable of such enormities, he dreaded lest the corruption of that faculty might be worse than brutality itself. He seemed therefore confident, that, instead of reason we were only possessed of some quality fitted to increase our natural vices; as the reflection from a troubled stream returns the image of an ill shapen body, not only larger but more distorted.” He added, “that he had heard too much upon the subject of war, both in this and some former discourses. There was another point, which a little perplexed him at present. I had informed him, that some of our crew left their country on account of being ruined by law; that I had already explained the meaning of the word; but he was at a loss how it should come to pass, that the law, which was intended for every man’s preservation, should be any man’s ruin. Therefore he desired to be further satisfied what I meant by law, and the dispensers thereof, according to the present practice in my own country; because he thought nature and reason were sufficient guides for a reasonable animal, as we pretended to be, in showing us what he ought to do, and what to avoid.” I assured his honour, “that the law was a science in which I had not much conversed, further than by employing advocates, in vain, upon some injustices

Korean blamed: 지긋지긋한, 빌어먹을, 천벌 받을, 빌어먹을 몹시, 지겹게. blow: 강타, 불다, 개화, 바람에 날리다 , 취주, 타격, 한번 불기, 휘몰아치다, 산란, 폭발하다, 낭비하다. brutality: 잔인성, 만행, 야만성, 잔인 한 행위, 야만, 무자비. detestation: 혐오, 몹시 싫은 것, 심한 혐오, 아주 싫은 것, 아주 싫어함. drop: 낙하, 듣게하다, 소량, 드롭스, 물방울, 한방울, 낮아지다, 눈깔사탕,

그치다, 그만두다, 죽이다. fitted: 장비하여, 을 갖추어, 꼭 맞게 만들어진. forth: 앞으로, 밖으로, 보이는곳에, 에 서 바깥에, 보이는 곳에, 이후. named: 유명한, 지명된, 지정의. pretending: 거짓의, 사칭하는, 겉치레 하는, 왕위를 노리는. prey: 괴롭히다, 먹이, 밥, 희생, 해하다 , 포식, 약탈품, 잡아먹다, 약탈품- 먹 이로 하다, 약탈하다, 먹이로 하다.

reflection: 감상, 비난, 반사, 반영, 반 성, 영상, 숙고, 내성, 영향, 의견, 반 사열. siege: 포위, 을 포위하다, 의 포의를 풀다, 줄기차게 공격하다, 오랜 기간, 포위 공격. stream: 시내, 흐르다, 흐름, 펄럭이다, 풍조, 경향, 흘리다, 유출시키다, 정보 의 흐름, 펄럭이게 하다, 물결. thereof: 그것의, 거기서부터, 그것에 관해서, 그것으로부터.

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that had been done me: however, I would give him all the satisfaction I was able.”% I said, “there was a society of men among us, bred up from their youth in the art of proving, by words multiplied for the purpose, that white is black, and black is white, according as they are paid. To this society all the rest of the people are slaves. For example, if my neighbour has a mind to my cow, he has a lawyer to prove that he ought to have my cow from me. I must then hire another to defend my right, it being against all rules of law that any man should be allowed to speak for himself. Now, in this case, I, who am the right owner, lie under two great disadvantages: first, my lawyer, being practised almost from his cradle in defending falsehood, is quite out of his element when he would be an advocate for justice, which is an unnatural office he always attempts with great awkwardness, if not with ill-will. The second disadvantage is, that my lawyer must proceed with great caution, or else he will be reprimanded by the judges, and abhorred by his brethren, as one that would lessen the practice of the law. And therefore I have but two methods to preserve my cow. The first is, to gain over my adversary’s lawyer with a double fee, who will then betray his client by insinuating that he hath justice on his side. The second way is for my lawyer to make my cause appear as unjust as he can, by allowing the cow to belong to my adversary: and this, if it be skilfully done, will certainly bespeak the favour of the bench. Now your honour is to know, that these judges are persons appointed to decide all controversies of property, as well as for the trial of criminals, and picked out from the most dexterous lawyers, who are grown old or lazy; and having been biassed all their lives against truth and equity, lie under such a fatal necessity of favouring fraud, perjury, and oppression, that I have known some of them refuse a large bribe from the side where justice lay, rather than injure the faculty, by doing any thing unbecoming their nature or their office. “It is a maxim among these lawyers that whatever has been done before, may legally be done again: and therefore they take special care to record all the decisions formerly made against common justice, and the general reason of mankind. These, under the name of precedents, they produce as authorities to

Korean adversary: 적, 상대방, 마왕. advocate: 변호인, 주장하다, 주장자, 옹호자-변호하다, 법률가, 변호사, 주 창자, 대변자. awkwardness: 어색함, 꼴사나움, 서투 름, 이상함. bespeak: 주문하다, 예약하다, 말을 걸 다, 나타내다, 입증하다, 예시하다, 의 증거가 되다, 맞추다, 미리 구하다, 미 리 청하다. biassed: 치우친.

caution: 경고, 조심, 경계, 에게 경고 하다, 경계를 요하는 사물, 담보, 예령 , 주의, 희한한 사람, 주의시키다, 신 중. injure: 해치다, 상처를 입히다, 다치게 하다, 부상시키다, 손상하다, 손해를 주다, 손상시키다, 상처나게 하다. insinuating: 넌지시 비추는, 은근히 심 어주다, 슬쩍 보이다, 넌지시 비추다, 교묘하게 환심을 사는, 교묘하게 환심 사다, 간사한, 서서히 파고 들다.

lazy: 느린, 게으른, 태만한, 귀찮은 듯 한. legally: 법률의, 합법적인. lessen: 적게하다, 줄이다, 얕보다, 작 게 되다, 작게 하다, 적게 되다, 적게 하다. oppression: 압박, 우울, 압제, 답답함, 고난. unbecoming: 어울리지 않는, 맞지 않 는, 보기 흉한, 버릇없는, 온당치 못한 .

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justify the most iniquitous opinions; and the judges never fail of directing accordingly.% “In pleading, they studiously avoid entering into the merits of the cause; but are loud, violent, and tedious, in dwelling upon all circumstances which are not to the purpose. For instance, in the case already mentioned; they never desire to know what claim or title my adversary has to my cow; but whether the said cow were red or black; her horns long or short; whether the field I graze her in be round or square; whether she was milked at home or abroad; what diseases she is subject to, and the like; after which they consult precedents, adjourn the cause from time to time, and in ten, twenty, or thirty years, come to an issue. “It is likewise to be observed, that this society has a peculiar cant and jargon of their own, that no other mortal can understand, and wherein all their laws are written, which they take special care to multiply; whereby they have wholly confounded the very essence of truth and falsehood, of right and wrong; so that it will take thirty years to decide, whether the field left me by my ancestors for six generations belongs to me, or to a stranger three hundred miles off. “In the trial of persons accused for crimes against the state, the method is much more short and commendable: the judge first sends to sound the disposition of those in power, after which he can easily hang or save a criminal, strictly preserving all due forms of law.” Here my master interposing, said, “it was a pity, that creatures endowed with such prodigious abilities of mind, as these lawyers, by the description I gave of them, must certainly be, were not rather encouraged to be instructors of others in wisdom and knowledge.” In answer to which I assured his honour, “that in all points out of their own trade, they were usually the most ignorant and stupid generation among us, the most despicable in common conversation, avowed enemies to all knowledge and learning, and equally disposed to pervert the general reason of mankind in every other subject of discourse as in that of their own profession.”

Korean accused: 피고인, 피의자, 고발 당한, 고소 당한. adjourn: 휴회하다, 연기하다, 회를 휴 지하다, 산회하다, 폐회하다, 회의장 을 옮기다, 회의를 연기하다. cant: 기울이다, 경사, 은어, 변말, 경사 면, 뒤집다, 모서리를 자른, 방향을 바 꾸다, 서로 통하는 말, 캔트, 점잔빼는 말투를 쓰다. essence: 정, 정수, 본질, 향수, 에센스, 실체, 엑스, 실재.

graze: 스치기, 찰과상, 목초, 풀을 먹 수설, 이해할 수 없는 말, 특수 용어, 이다, 스치다, 스쳐 벗기다, 목축, 약 횡설수설하다. 간 닿다, 생풀을 먹다, 생풀을 먹이다, multiply: 곱하다, 번식하다, 늘리다, 스쳐 지나가다. 번식시키다, 증가시키다. hang: 교살하다, 걸다, 조금도, 벽에 바 pervert: 성욕 도착자, 악용하다, 곡해 르다, 걸림새, 취지, 늘어뜨리다, 방식 하다, 벗어나게 하다, 배교자, 변질자, , 사용법, 요령, 늘어지다. 오해하다, 오용하다, 나쁜 길로 빠져 horns: 어느 한 쪽. 버린 사람, 나쁜 길로 빠진 사람, 나쁜 iniquitous: 부정의, 사악한, 간악한, 길로 이끌다. 부정한, 불법의. studiously: 애써 -하여, 학문을 좋아 jargon: 뜻을 알수 없는 말, 변말, 횡설 하여, 꼼꼼하게, 신중하게.

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CHAPTER

%VI

[A continuation of the state of England under Queen Anne. The character of a first minister of state in European courts.]

My master was yet wholly at a loss to understand what motives could incite this race of lawyers to perplex, disquiet, and weary themselves, and engage in a confederacy of injustice, merely for the sake of injuring their fellow-animals; neither could he comprehend what I meant in saying, they did it for hire. Whereupon I was at much pains to describe to him the use of money, the materials it was made of, and the value of the metals; “that when a Yahoo had got a great store of this precious substance, he was able to purchase whatever he had a mind to; the finest clothing, the noblest houses, great tracts of land, the most costly meats and drinks, and have his choice of the most beautiful females. Therefore since money alone was able to perform all these feats, our Yahoos thought they could never have enough of it to spend, or to save, as they found themselves inclined, from their natural bent either to profusion or avarice; that the rich man enjoyed the fruit of the poor man’s labour, and the latter were a thousand to one in proportion to the former; that the bulk of our people were forced to live miserably, by labouring every day for small wages, to make a few live plentifully.”

Korean confederacy: 연합, 도당, 공모, 동맹, 동맹국, 연합체 연방, 연방, 남부 연방 . costly: 희생이 큰, 값비싼, 비용이 많 이 드는, 사치한, 호사스러운, 값이비 싼, 값이 비싼, 손실이 큰. disquiet: 불안, 불안하게 하다, 마음의 불안, 사회적 불안, 의 마음의 평온을 잃게 하는. fruit: 과일, 자손, 결과, 생산물, 소산, 과실, 에 열매를 맺게하다, 열매를 맺

다, 과일이 생기다, 수확물, 수확. 혼란케 하다, 혼란시키다, 정신을 못 incite: 자극하다, 격려하다, 선, 선동하 차리게 하다, 어쩔 줄 모르게 하다, 곤 다, 일으키게하다, 고무하다. 란케 하다, 골치 아프게 하다, 걷잡을 injustice: 부정, 불공평, 부정행위, 불 수 없게 하다, 복잡하게 하다. 법, 권리침해. precious: 귀중한, 귀여운, 순전한, 지 metals: 궤조. 독한, 소중한, 비싼, 점잔빼는, 꾀까다 perform: 연주하다, 성취하다, 실행하 로운, 대단한, 몹시, 소중한 사람. 다, 하다, 실행자, 연주자, 행하다, 공 profusion: 풍부, 대량, 낭비, 활수. 연하다, 극을 공연하다, 약속 따위를 proportion: 비율, 비례, 균형, 비례시 이행하다, 동물이 재주를 부리다. 키다, 용적, 면적, 조화, 몫, 균형이 잡 perplex: 당황케 하다, 난처하게 하다, 힌, 크기, 균형 잡히게 하다.

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I %enlarged myself much on these, and many other particulars to the same purpose; but his honour was still to seek; for he went upon a supposition, that all animals had a title to their share in the productions of the earth, and especially those who presided over the rest. Therefore he desired I would let him know, “what these costly meats were, and how any of us happened to want them?” Whereupon I enumerated as many sorts as came into my head, with the various methods of dressing them, which could not be done without sending vessels by sea to every part of the world, as well for liquors to drink as for sauces and innumerable other conveniences. I assured him “that this whole globe of earth must be at least three times gone round before one of our better female Yahoos could get her breakfast, or a cup to put it in.” He said “that must needs be a miserable country which cannot furnish food for its own inhabitants. But what he chiefly wondered at was, how such vast tracts of ground as I described should be wholly without fresh water, and the people put to the necessity of sending over the sea for drink.” I replied “that England (the dear place of my nativity) was computed to produce three times the quantity of food more than its inhabitants are able to consume, as well as liquors extracted from grain, or pressed out of the fruit of certain trees, which made excellent drink, and the same proportion in every other convenience of life. But, in order to feed the luxury and intemperance of the males, and the vanity of the females, we sent away the greatest part of our necessary things to other countries, whence, in return, we brought the materials of diseases, folly, and vice, to spend among ourselves. Hence it follows of necessity, that vast numbers of our people are compelled to seek their livelihood by begging, robbing, stealing, cheating, pimping, flattering, suborning, forswearing, forging, gaming, lying, fawning, hectoring, voting, scribbling, star-gazing, poisoning, whoring, canting, libelling, freethinking, and the like occupations:” every one of which terms I was at much pains to make him understand. “That wine was not imported among us from foreign countries to supply the want of water or other drinks, but because it was a sort of liquid which made us merry by putting us out of our senses, diverted all melancholy thoughts, begat wild extravagant imaginations in the brain, raised our hopes and banished our

Korean breakfast: 조반, 조반을먹다, 아침 식 사. canting: 안장꼬리, 잘라낸 조각, 점잔 빼는 말투, 점잔빼는 말투의. cheating: 부정 행위. fawning: 아양부리는, 알랑거리는, 아 첨하는. flattering: 아첨하는, 유망한, 실물보다 좋게 보이는, 알랑거리는, 빌붙는, 비 위 맞추는, 기쁘게 하는, 발림말하는. forging: 위조, 단조품, 단조, 대장일.

freethinking: 자유 사상. imported: 수입품의. liquid: 액체, 유음, 맑은, 유창한, 돈으 로 바꿀 수 있는, 유음의, 유동체, 액 체의, 투명한, 유려한, 시 따위 유려한 . merry: 즐거운, 명랑한, 유쾌한, 거나 한, 흥겨운, 거나하게 취한 기분의. nativity: 출생, 탄생, 그리스도, 크리스 마스, 예수탄생, 성모마리아의 탄생세 례자 요한 탄생축일, 사람의 탄생시의

천궁도크리스마스, 그리스도 탄생의 그림, 그리스도 성탄절, 그리스도 성 탄, 탄생시의 천궁도. ourselves: 우리자신, 우리 스스로, 우 리들 자신에게, 우리들 자신을, 평상 시의 우리들, 평소의 우리들. pimping: 하찮은, 허약한, 비열한, 인 색한. stealing: 훔침, 도루, 훔친물건. supposition: 상상, 가정. voting: 투표, 투표권 행사.

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fears, suspended every office of reason for a time, and deprived us of the use of our limbs, till we fell into a profound sleep; although it must be confessed, that we always awaked sick and dispirited; and that the use of this liquor filled us with diseases which made our lives uncomfortable and short.% “But beside all this, the bulk of our people supported themselves by furnishing the necessities or conveniences of life to the rich and to each other. For instance, when I am at home, and dressed as I ought to be, I carry on my body the workmanship of a hundred tradesmen; the building and furniture of my house employ as many more, and five times the number to adorn my wife.” I was going on to tell him of another sort of people, who get their livelihood by attending the sick, having, upon some occasions, informed his honour that many of my crew had died of diseases. But here it was with the utmost difficulty that I brought him to apprehend what I meant. “He could easily conceive, that a Houyhnhnm, grew weak and heavy a few days before his death, or by some accident might hurt a limb; but that nature, who works all things to perfection, should suffer any pains to breed in our bodies, he thought impossible, and desired to know the reason of so unaccountable an evil.” I told him “we fed on a thousand things which operated contrary to each other; that we ate when we were not hungry, and drank without the provocation of thirst; that we sat whole nights drinking strong liquors, without eating a bit, which disposed us to sloth, inflamed our bodies, and precipitated or prevented digestion; that prostitute female Yahoos acquired a certain malady, which bred rottenness in the bones of those who fell into their embraces; that this, and many other diseases, were propagated from father to son; so that great numbers came into the world with complicated maladies upon them; that it would be endless to give him a catalogue of all diseases incident to human bodies, for they would not be fewer than five or six hundred, spread over every limb and joint—in short, every part, external and intestine, having diseases appropriated to itself. To remedy which, there was a sort of people bred up among us in the profession, or pretence, of curing the sick. And because I had some skill in the faculty, I would,

Korean adorn: 꾸미다, 미관을 더하다, 아름다 움을 돋보게 하다. catalogue: 목록을 만들다, 목록 목록 에 올리다, 목록을 작성하다, 목록, 대 학 요록. complicated: 복잡한, 풀기어려운, 뒤 얽힌. filled: 차는, 충족시키는, 흡족하게 하 는, 흙으로 돋우는, 팽팽하게 하는, 차 지하는, 채우는, 가득 따르는, 조제하 는, 섞어 넣는, 바람을 가득 받는.

hungry: 갈망하는, 배고픈, 공복의, 굶 가 나는, 그리워하는, 넌더리 나는, 상 주린, 메마른, 몹시 원하는, 불모의, 태가 좋지 않은, 싫증이 나는, 토하다, 식욕을 일으키는. 병자의, 싫증이 나서. malady: 병폐, 병, 질병, 특히 만성적 suspended: 정직이 된, 집행 유예의, 인 질병. 출장 정지가 된, 뜬, 떠다녀, 정지한, nights: 밤마다, 밤에. 매달린. operated: 움직이는. uncomfortable: 불안한, 불쾌한, 기분 profession: 공언, 직업, 동업자들, 신 이 언짢은, 살기 거북한, 살기 불편한, 앙 고백, 배우들, 거짓 감정. 신기 거북한, 신기 불편한, 앉기 거북 rottenness: 부패. 한, 앉기 불편한, 입기 거북한, 입기 sick: 창백한, 병의, 병자용의, 욕지기 불편한.

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in gratitude to his honour, let him know the whole mystery and method by which they proceed.% “Their fundamental is, that all diseases arise from repletion; whence they conclude, that a great evacuation of the body is necessary, either through the natural passage or upwards at the mouth. Their next business is from herbs, minerals, gums, oils, shells, salts, juices, sea-weed, excrements, barks of trees, serpents, toads, frogs, spiders, dead men’s flesh and bones, birds, beasts, and fishes, to form a composition, for smell and taste, the most abominable, nauseous, and detestable, they can possibly contrive, which the stomach immediately rejects with loathing, and this they call a vomit; or else, from the same storehouse, with some other poisonous additions, they command us to take in at the orifice above or below (just as the physician then happens to be disposed) a medicine equally annoying and disgustful to the bowels; which, relaxing the belly, drives down all before it; and this they call a purge, or a clyster. For nature (as the physicians allege) having intended the superior anterior orifice only for the intromission of solids and liquids, and the inferior posterior for ejection, these artists ingeniously considering that in all diseases nature is forced out of her seat, therefore, to replace her in it, the body must be treated in a manner directly contrary, by interchanging the use of each orifice; forcing solids and liquids in at the anus, and making evacuations at the mouth. “But, besides real diseases, we are subject to many that are only imaginary, for which the physicians have invented imaginary cures; these have their several names, and so have the drugs that are proper for them; and with these our female Yahoos are always infested. “One great excellency in this tribe, is their skill at prognostics, wherein they seldom fail; their predictions in real diseases, when they rise to any degree of malignity, generally portending death, which is always in their power, when recovery is not: and therefore, upon any unexpected signs of amendment, after they have pronounced their sentence, rather than be accused as false prophets, they know how to approve their sagacity to the world, by a seasonable dose.

Korean annoying: 성가신, 귀찮은, 괴롭히는, 지겨운, 귀찮게하는. anterior: 전의, 앞의 앞서는, 전면의, 전부의, 앞의, 앞서는. clyster: 관장, 관장약. disgustful: 메스꺼운, 진저리나는, 정 떨어지는, 넌더리나는. ejection: 방출, 분출, 추방, 배출, 퇴거, 방출물, 분출물. evacuation: 소개, 비움, 배출, 피난, 철 수, 명도, 배설, 배기, 배설물.

ingeniously: 교묘한, 재간 있는, 재주 지다, 추방하다, 풀다, 하제, 정화, 변 가 있는. 동시키다, 변동시키다-깨끗해지다intromission: 삽입, 입장 허가, 들여보 정화, 숙청, 제거하다. 냄, 가입허가, 입장. repletion: 충만, 포식, 충실, 다혈증, malignity: 악성, 악의, 원한, 병의 악 과다, 다혈. 성. salts: 방향염. physician: 의사, 내과 의사. vomit: 토하다, 게우다, 토제, 구토물, posterior: 후부의, 위치가 뒤의, 순서 게운 것, 내뿜다, 용암 따위를 분출하 시간의 뒤의, 다음의-엉덩이, 엉덩이, 다, 퍼붓다, 분출하다, 게우게 하다, 다음의, 둔부, 후부. 게워내다. purge: 일소하다, 깨끗이 하다, 깨끗해

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“They%are likewise of special use to husbands and wives who are grown weary of their mates; to eldest sons, to great ministers of state, and often to princes.” I had formerly, upon occasion, discoursed with my master upon the nature of government in general, and particularly of our own excellent constitution, deservedly the wonder and envy of the whole world. But having here accidentally mentioned a minister of state, he commanded me, some time after, to inform him, “what species of Yahoo I particularly meant by that appellation.” I told him, “that a first or chief minister of state, who was the person I intended to describe, was the creature wholly exempt from joy and grief, love and hatred, pity and anger; at least, makes use of no other passions, but a violent desire of wealth, power, and titles; that he applies his words to all uses, except to the indication of his mind; that he never tells a truth but with an intent that you should take it for a lie; nor a lie, but with a design that you should take it for a truth; that those he speaks worst of behind their backs are in the surest way of preferment; and whenever he begins to praise you to others, or to yourself, you are from that day forlorn. The worst mark you can receive is a promise, especially when it is confirmed with an oath; after which, every wise man retires, and gives over all hopes. “There are three methods, by which a man may rise to be chief minister. The first is, by knowing how, with prudence, to dispose of a wife, a daughter, or a sister; the second, by betraying or undermining his predecessor; and the third is, by a furious zeal, in public assemblies, against the corruption’s of the court. But a wise prince would rather choose to employ those who practise the last of these methods; because such zealots prove always the most obsequious and subservient to the will and passions of their master. That these ministers, having all employments at their disposal, preserve themselves in power, by bribing the majority of a senate or great council; and at last, by an expedient, called an act of indemnity” (whereof I described the nature to him), “they secure themselves from after-reckonings, and retire from the public laden with the spoils of the nation.

Korean anger: 화, 성, 노염, 노여움, 분노, 성 나게 하다. disposal: 처분, 배치, 처리, 양도, 처분 의. forlorn: 고독한, 버림받은, 비참한, 절 망적인. furious: 맹렬한, 격노한, 사납게 날뛰 는, 노하여 펄펄 뛰는, 미쳐날뛰는, 미 쳐 날뛰는, 소란스러운. indemnity: 배상금, 보장, 배상, 형벌 의 면제, 손해 배상, 사면, 보장이 되

는것, 변상, 면책, 보상금. indication: 지시, 계기의 시도, 시도, 지적, 징후, 표시도수, 필요한 조치, 임시, 표시징후. methods: 행동 양식. obsequious: 추종적인, 아첨하는, 에게 아첨하는. predecessor: 전임자, 선조, 앞선 것, 앞서의것. preferment: 우선의, 선취권이 있는, 발탁된, 승진한, 승진.

preserve: 보존하다, 금렵지, 보호하다, 저장하다, 양어장, 방부 조치를 하다, 유지하다, 사냥을 금하다-설탕 절임, 설탕 절임, 사냥을 금하다, 금렵지로 하다. retire: 회수하다, 퇴직하다, 물러나다, 물러나게 하다, 자다, 아웃시키다, 은 퇴시키다, 아웃 시키다, 퇴각하다, 입 후보를 단념하다, 지폐 따위를 회수하 다. wives: 부인들.

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“The palace of a chief minister is a seminary to breed up others in his own trade: the pages, lackeys, and porters, by imitating their master, become ministers of state in their several districts, and learn to excel in the three principal ingredients, of insolence, lying, and bribery. Accordingly, they have a subaltern court paid to them by persons of the best rank; and sometimes by the force of dexterity and impudence, arrive, through several gradations, to be successors to their lord.% “He is usually governed by a decayed wench, or favourite footman, who are the tunnels through which all graces are conveyed, and may properly be called, in the last resort, the governors of the kingdom.” One day, in discourse, my master, having heard me mention the nobility of my country, was pleased to make me a compliment which I could not pretend to deserve: “that he was sure I must have been born of some noble family, because I far exceeded in shape, colour, and cleanliness, all the Yahoos of his nation, although I seemed to fail in strength and agility, which must be imputed to my different way of living from those other brutes; and besides I was not only endowed with the faculty of speech, but likewise with some rudiments of reason, to a degree that, with all his acquaintance, I passed for a prodigy.” He made me observe, “that among the Houyhnhnms, the white, the sorrel, and the iron-gray, were not so exactly shaped as the bay, the dapple-gray, and the black; nor born with equal talents of mind, or a capacity to improve them; and therefore continued always in the condition of servants, without ever aspiring to match out of their own race, which in that country would be reckoned monstrous and unnatural.” I made his honour my most humble acknowledgments for the good opinion he was pleased to conceive of me, but assured him at the same time, “that my birth was of the lower sort, having been born of plain honest parents, who were just able to give me a tolerable education; that nobility, among us, was altogether a different thing from the idea he had of it; that our young noblemen are bred from their childhood in idleness and luxury; that, as soon as years will permit, they consume their vigour, and contract odious diseases among lewd females;

Korean aspiring: 큰뜻이 있는, 갈망하는, 열망 하는, 상승하는, 대망을 품고 있는. bribery: 증수회, 수회, 뇌물수수, 증회. childhood: 초기 단계, 유년기.어림, 어 린시절, 유년, 유년 시대, 초기의 시대 , 어린 시절. decayed: 부식하는. fail: 실패하다, 부족하다, 낙제하다, 게 을리하다, 파산하다, 모자라다, 약해 지다, 파산하다-실망시키다, 없다, 흉 작이 되다, 약속 따위를 태만히 하다.

graces: 애고. 다, 힘을 빌다, 휴일의 오락장. improve: 개선하다, 이용하다, 진보시 seminary: 학교, 온상, 신학교, 사립 전 키다, 좋아지다, 가치를 높이다, 가치 문 학교천주교의 신학교, 천주교의 신 를 올리다, 호전하다, 나아가다, 활용 학교, 세미나, 사립 전문 학교. 하다, 진보하다, 증진하다. shape: 상태, 말로 표현하다, 정하다, insolence: 오만, 무례, 거만함, 건방진, 모양 짓다, 형태를취하다, 형태를 이 건방진태도, 거만. 루다, 자태, 유럽 연합국 최고 사령부, lewd: 음탕한, 호색의. 어렴풋한 모습, 다 되다, 구체화 하다. resort: 의지, 의지하다, 호소하다, 사람 wench: 젊은 여자, 소녀, 하층 계급의 들이 자주 가는 곳, 행락지, 도움을 청 여자, 하층 흑인의 여자, 매춘부와 놀 하다, 번화가, 자주가다, 자주 드나들 다, 처녀, 음탕한 여자.

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and when their fortunes are almost ruined, they marry some woman of mean birth, disagreeable person, and unsound constitution (merely for the sake of money), whom they hate and despise. That the productions of such marriages are generally scrofulous, rickety, or deformed children; by which means the family seldom continues above three generations, unless the wife takes care to provide a healthy father, among her neighbours or domestics, in order to improve and continue the breed. That a weak diseased body, a meagre countenance, and sallow complexion, are the true marks of noble blood; and a healthy robust appearance is so disgraceful in a man of quality, that the world concludes his real father to have been a groom or a coachman. The imperfections of his mind run parallel with those of his body, being a composition of spleen, dullness, ignorance, caprice, sensuality, and pride.% “Without the consent of this illustrious body, no law can be enacted, repealed, or altered: and these nobles have likewise the decision of all our possessions, without appeal.”

Korean appearance: 외관, 출현, 모양, 출두, 유령, 발간, 상황, 등장, 현상, 곡두, 형세 체면상. constitution: 구성, 제정, 설립, 조직, 체격, 소질, 정체, 헌법, 체질, 율령, 성격. disgraceful: 수치스러운, 욕된. dullness: 지루함, 둔감, 둔함, 침울, 아 둔함 불경기, 멍청함. groom: 마부, 신랑, 몸차림시키다, 손 질을 하다, 입후보의 준비를 해주다,

궁내관. 곧 무너질 것 같은, 곱사등이의, 구루 hate: 미워하다, 증오, 좋아하지 않다, 병에걸린. 몹시 싫어하다, 따돌리다, 증오의 대 sensuality: 호색, 육욕에 빠짐, 관능성, 상, 미움. 육욕능성. healthy: 건강한, 건강에 좋은, 건전한. unsound: 근거가박약한, 깊이 안 든, marry: 굳게 결합시키다, 와 결혼하다, 건전하지않은, 얕은, 상한, 견고하지 결혼시키다, 결혼하다, 꼬아 합치다, 못한, 건전하지 못한, 근거가 박약한. 밧줄 따위를 꼬아 합치다, 시집가다, weak: 약변화의, 묽은, 약한, 힘없는, 의 결혼식을 거행하다. 어리석은, 약세인, 악센트 없는, 내림 possessions: 재산. 세인, 약점 있는, 악센트가 없는, 불충 rickety: 흔들흔들하는, 구루병에 걸린, 분한.

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%VII

[The author’s great love of his native country. His master’s observations upon the constitution and administration of England, as described by the author, with parallel cases and comparisons. His master’s observations upon human nature.]

The reader may be disposed to wonder how I could prevail on myself to give so free a representation of my own species, among a race of mortals who are already too apt to conceive the vilest opinion of humankind, from that entire congruity between me and their Yahoos. But I must freely confess, that the many virtues of those excellent quadrupeds, placed in opposite view to human corruptions, had so far opened my eyes and enlarged my understanding, that I began to view the actions and passions of man in a very different light, and to think the honour of my own kind not worth managing; which, besides, it was impossible for me to do, before a person of so acute a judgment as my master, who daily convinced me of a thousand faults in myself, whereof I had not the least perception before, and which, with us, would never be numbered even among human infirmities. I had likewise learned, from his example, an utter detestation of all falsehood or disguise; and truth appeared so amiable to me, that I determined upon sacrificing every thing to it. Let me deal so candidly with the reader as to confess that there was yet a much stronger motive for the freedom I took in my representation of things. I

Korean administration: 관리, 경영, 시행, 행 정, 줌, 관료의 임기, 과변, 정치, 선서 시키기, 투약, 관리자측. amiable: 붙임성 있는, 귀염성 있는, 호감을 주는, 온화한, 상냥한, 마음씨 고운, 귀여운, 마음씨가 상냥한. candidly: 숨김없이, 솔직히 말하면, 솔직하게, 정직하게, 솔직히. congruity: 일치, 합동, 적합, 조화. entire: 완전한, 전체의, 온전한, 흑맥주 의 일종, 순수한 것, 흠이 없는, 거세

하지 않은, 가장자리에 들쭉날쭉이 없 는, 가장자리에 흠진 데가 없는, 빠짐 없이 갖추어진, 거세하지 않은 말. example: 모범, 본보기, 보기, 견본, 실 례, 표본, 본때, 경계, 본보기로서의 벌, 예, 진례. excellent: 우수한, 탁월한, 아주 훌륭 한. freedom: 자유, 특권, 면제, 자유독립, 해면, 자유사용권, 자유 자재, 솔직함, 뛰어난 승차감, 제멋대로 함, 해방되

어 있음. perception: 지각, 력, 대상, 작용, 지각 력, 지각작용. species: 종, 종류, 빵과 포도주, 형식, 미사용의 빵과 포도주, 종 개념. thousand: 천, 무수, 천의, 다수, 수천 의, 천개. truth: 성실, 진실, 진리, 사실, 정직, 사 실은, 사실을 말하면, 정말, 박진성. understanding: 이해력, 양해, 이해, 동의, 지시력, 이해력 있는, 발, 일치.

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had not yet been a year in this country before I contracted such a love and veneration for the inhabitants, that I entered on a firm resolution never to return to humankind, but to pass the rest of my life among these admirable Houyhnhnms, in the contemplation and practice of every virtue, where I could have no example or incitement to vice. But it was decreed by fortune, my perpetual enemy, that so great a felicity should not fall to my share. However, it is now some comfort to reflect, that in what I said of my countrymen, I extenuated their faults as much as I durst before so strict an examiner; and upon every article gave as favourable a turn as the matter would bear. For, indeed, who is there alive that will not be swayed by his bias and partiality to the place of his birth? I have related the substance of several conversations I had with my master during the greatest part of the time I had the honour to be in his service; but have, indeed, for brevity sake, omitted much more than is here set down.% When I had answered all his questions, and his curiosity seemed to be fully satisfied, he sent for me one morning early, and commanded me to sit down at some distance (an honour which he had never before conferred upon me). He said, “he had been very seriously considering my whole story, as far as it related both to myself and my country; that he looked upon us as a sort of animals, to whose share, by what accident he could not conjecture, some small pittance of reason had fallen, whereof we made no other use, than by its assistance, to aggravate our natural corruptions, and to acquire new ones, which nature had not given us; that we disarmed ourselves of the few abilities she had bestowed; had been very successful in multiplying our original wants, and seemed to spend our whole lives in vain endeavours to supply them by our own inventions; that, as to myself, it was manifest I had neither the strength nor agility of a common Yahoo; that I walked infirmly on my hinder feet; had found out a contrivance to make my claws of no use or defence, and to remove the hair from my chin, which was intended as a shelter from the sun and the weather: lastly, that I could neither run with speed, nor climb trees like my brethren,” as he called them, “the Yahoos in his country.

Korean acquire: 얻다, 획득, 학식, 재예, 습득, 타다, 급히 입다, 감기어 뻗어 오르다, 습득하다, 붙이다, 잡다, 받게 하다, 승진, 승진하다, 오름, 떠오르다, 상승 취득하다. . aggravate: 심하게 하다, 악화시키다, comfort: 위로, 위안하다, 낙, 위로가 괴롭히다, 노하게 하다, 화나게 하다, 되는 사람, 이불, 즐거움, 편안하게 하 더욱 악화시키다. 다, 생활을 즐겁게 해 주는 것, 마음 bias: 바이어스, 사선, 경향, 경사, 치우 편안함, 원조하다, 안락. 치게하다, 성벽-기울이다, 치우침, 편 enemy: 적, 적군적함, 원수, 악마, 적병 견을 갖다, 기울이다, 한쪽으로 치우 , 적의, 해를 주는 것, 적국의. 치게하다, 성향. examiner: 시험관, 심사원, 검사관, 증 climb: 오르다, 오르는 곳, 기어오르다, 인 심문관, 조사관, 검사인.

incitement: 자극, 선동, 고무, 격다, 유 인동기, 자극물, 자극하는 것. infirmly: 견고하지못한, 허약하게, 우 유부단한. reflect: 반영하다, 숙고하다, 비난하다, 반사하다, 가져오다, 반성하다, 비치 다, 비방하다, 트집을 잡다, 중상하다, 이리저리 되생각하다. resolution: 분해, 해결, 결의, 분석, 결 심, 해답, 해상도, 과단, 불굴, 결의안, 종기 따위가 삭아 없어짐.

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“That our institutions of government and law were plainly owing to our gross defects in reason, and by consequence in virtue; because reason alone is sufficient to govern a rational creature; which was, therefore, a character we had no pretence to challenge, even from the account I had given of my own people; although he manifestly perceived, that, in order to favour them, I had concealed many particulars, and often said the thing which was not.% “He was the more confirmed in this opinion, because, he observed, that as I agreed in every feature of my body with other Yahoos, except where it was to my real disadvantage in point of strength, speed, and activity, the shortness of my claws, and some other particulars where nature had no part; so from the representation I had given him of our lives, our manners, and our actions, he found as near a resemblance in the disposition of our minds.” He said, “the Yahoos were known to hate one another, more than they did any different species of animals; and the reason usually assigned was, the odiousness of their own shapes, which all could see in the rest, but not in themselves. He had therefore begun to think it not unwise in us to cover our bodies, and by that invention conceal many of our deformities from each other, which would else be hardly supportable. But he now found he had been mistaken, and that the dissensions of those brutes in his country were owing to the same cause with ours, as I had described them. For if,” said he, “you throw among five Yahoos as much food as would be sufficient for fifty, they will, instead of eating peaceably, fall together by the ears, each single one impatient to have all to itself; and therefore a servant was usually employed to stand by while they were feeding abroad, and those kept at home were tied at a distance from each other: that if a cow died of age or accident, before a Houyhnhnm could secure it for his own Yahoos, those in the neighbourhood would come in herds to seize it, and then would ensue such a battle as I had described, with terrible wounds made by their claws on both sides, although they seldom were able to kill one another, for want of such convenient instruments of death as we had invented. At other times, the like battles have been fought between the Yahoos of several neighbourhoods, without any visible cause; those of one district watching all opportunities to surprise the next, before they are prepared. But if they find their project has

Korean abroad: 널리, 해외에, 틀려서, 퍼져서, 집 밖에, 밖에, 집 밖으로, 잘못하여, 외국으로, 본거지 외에서, 국외로. gross: 거친, 짙은, 뚱뚱한, 전체의, 울 창한, 굉장한, 총량의, 투박한, 조악한 , 그로스, 도매로. kill: 죽이다, 기세를 꺾다, 시내, 잡은 것, 수로, 살생, 보내다, 말라 주게하 다, 말살하다, 살인하다, 말라 죽게하 다. odiousness: 싫음, 미움, 불쾌, 증오함.

owing: 빚지고 있는, 지불해야 할, 에 throw: 던지다, 움직이다, 흔들어 떨어 기인하는. 뜨리다, 스카프, 던지기, 갑자기 움직 peaceably: 평화롭게. 이다, 빠뜨리다, 얹히게 하다, 분리, secure: 확실한, 튼튼한, 확신하는, 안 가벼운 두르개, 행정. 전한, 구하다, 안전히 하다, 안전하게 unwise: 슬기없는, 약지 못한, 어리석 되다, 붙들어 매다, 보험에 들다, 보증 은, 지각 없는, 지혜 없는. 하다, 단단히 잠그다. visible: 눈에 보이는, 명백한, 면회할 sufficient: 충분한, 충분, 할 능력이 있 수 있는, 눈에 보이는 것, 방문자를 면 는, 할 만큼의 능력이 있는. 회할 수 있는, 빈번하게 뉴스에 나오 terrible: 무서운, 몹시, 극히 서투른, 는, 곧 쓸 수 있는, 시각적으로 표시된 호된, 무서운 사람, 대단한. .

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miscarried, they return home, and, for want of enemies, engage in what I call a civil war among themselves.% “That in some fields of his country there are certain shining stones of several colours, whereof the Yahoos are violently fond: and when part of these stones is fixed in the earth, as it sometimes happens, they will dig with their claws for whole days to get them out; then carry them away, and hide them by heaps in their kennels; but still looking round with great caution, for fear their comrades should find out their treasure.” My master said, “he could never discover the reason of this unnatural appetite, or how these stones could be of any use to a Yahoo; but now he believed it might proceed from the same principle of avarice which I had ascribed to mankind. That he had once, by way of experiment, privately removed a heap of these stones from the place where one of his Yahoos had buried it; whereupon the sordid animal, missing his treasure, by his loud lamenting brought the whole herd to the place, there miserably howled, then fell to biting and tearing the rest, began to pine away, would neither eat, nor sleep, nor work, till he ordered a servant privately to convey the stones into the same hole, and hide them as before; which, when his Yahoo had found, he presently recovered his spirits and good humour, but took good care to remove them to a better hiding place, and has ever since been a very serviceable brute.” My master further assured me, which I also observed myself, “that in the fields where the shining stones abound, the fiercest and most frequent battles are fought, occasioned by perpetual inroads of the neighbouring Yahoos.” He said, “it was common, when two Yahoos discovered such a stone in a field, and were contending which of them should be the proprietor, a third would take the advantage, and carry it away from them both;” which my master would needs contend to have some kind of resemblance with our suits at law; wherein I thought it for our credit not to undeceive him; since the decision he mentioned was much more equitable than many decrees among us; because the plaintiff and defendant there lost nothing beside the stone they contended for: whereas our courts of equity would never have dismissed the cause, while either of them had any thing left.

Korean biting: 찌르는듯한, 물어 뜯는, 살을 에는 듯한, 날카로운. contend: 다투다, 논쟁하다, 주장하다, 항쟁하다, 투쟁하다, 싸우다, 경쟁하 다, 경쟁자, 주장자, 논쟁자. decrees: 교령집. defendant: 피고, 피고인. dig: 파다, 탐구하다, 찌르다, 알다, 주 의를 기울이다, 캐내다, 쿡 찌르기, 파 나가다, 파서 뚫다, 꾸준히 공부하다, 꾸준히 공부하다- 한번 찌르기.

equitable: 형평법상의, 공평한, 공정 한. equity: 형평법, 공평, 공정, 배우 조합, 보통주주권, 재산 물건의 순가. hiding: 매질, 은닉, 은닉처, 은신처, 후 려갈김, 숨김, 숨는 곳. missing: 보이지 않는, 있어야 할 곳에 없는, 행방 불명인, 없어진, 분실한, 행방불명의, 분실된. pine: 소나무, 수척해지다, 갈망하다, 그재목, 몹시 그리다, 애타게 그리다.

plaintiff: 원고. proprietor: 경영자, 소유자, 소유주, 독 점권 소유자, 집주인, 사업주. remove: 이전, 제거하다, 진급, 옮기다, 해임하다, 떠나다, 거리, 치우다, 이동 , 간격, 단계. sordid: 더러운, 야비한, 욕심 많은, 칙 칙한. undeceive: 의 그릇된 생각을 깨우쳐 주다, 을 미몽에서 깨우치다, 깨닫게 하다, 에게 진실을 깨닫게 하다.

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My master, continuing his discourse, said, “there was nothing that rendered the Yahoos more odious, than their undistinguishing appetite to devour every thing that came in their way, whether herbs, roots, berries, the corrupted flesh of animals, or all mingled together: and it was peculiar in their temper, that they were fonder of what they could get by rapine or stealth, at a greater distance, than much better food provided for them at home. If their prey held out, they would eat till they were ready to burst; after which, nature had pointed out to them a certain root that gave them a general evacuation.% “There was also another kind of root, very juicy, but somewhat rare and difficult to be found, which the Yahoos sought for with much eagerness, and would suck it with great delight; it produced in them the same effects that wine has upon us. It would make them sometimes hug, and sometimes tear one another; they would howl, and grin, and chatter, and reel, and tumble, and then fall asleep in the mud.” I did indeed observe that the Yahoos were the only animals in this country subject to any diseases; which, however, were much fewer than horses have among us, and contracted, not by any ill-treatment they meet with, but by the nastiness and greediness of that sordid brute. Neither has their language any more than a general appellation for those maladies, which is borrowed from the name of the beast, and called hnea-yahoo, or Yahoo’s evil; and the cure prescribed is a mixture of their own dung and urine, forcibly put down the Yahoo’s throat. This I have since often known to have been taken with success, and do here freely recommend it to my countrymen for the public good, as an admirable specific against all diseases produced by repletion. “As to learning, government, arts, manufactures, and the like,” my master confessed, “he could find little or no resemblance between the Yahoos of that country and those in ours; for he only meant to observe what parity there was in our natures. He had heard, indeed, some curious Houyhnhnms observe, that in most herds there was a sort of ruling Yahoo (as among us there is generally some leading or principal stag in a park), who was always more deformed in body, and mischievous in disposition, than any of the rest; that this leader had usually

Korean chatter: 재잘거리다, 졸졸 흐르다, 끽 끽 우는 소리, 재잘거림, 끽끽거리다, 달각달각 소리내다, 딱딱 맞부딪치다, 딱딱소리, 수다, 수다쟁이, 잘 지저귀 는새. eagerness: 열의, 열망, 열심. greater: 대. greediness: 탐욕. howl: 멀리서 짖다, 울부짖으며 말하 다, 윙윙 휘몰아 치다, 짖다, 짖음, 큰 소리를 내다, 호통쳐서 침묵시키다,

멀리서 짖는 소리, 악을 쓰며 말하다. 자를 동반치 않은 남자, 수컷, 남자만 ill-treatment: 학대. 으로, 남자만의, 여자 동반 없이 가는 juicy: 윤기도는, 즙이 많은, 재미있는, 사람, 권리주 매매상, 권리주 매매인, 흥미 진진한, 수분이 많은. 남성용 포르노의. nastiness: 더러움, 불결함, 불쾌함, 추 stealth: 비밀, 몰래, 몰래 하기, 슬그머 잡함. 니 하기. rapine: 강탈, 약탈. tumble: 넘어지다, 공중제비를 하다, reel: 얼레, 릴, 비틀거리다, 잣다, 감는 뒹굴다, 전략하다, 구르다, 구르다시 틀, 실패, 술술, 실을 뽑다, 얼레에 감 피 달려오다, 딱 마주치다, 부닥치다, 다, 현기증 얼레에 감다, 현기증나다. 좌우로 흔들리다, 폭락하다, 넘어뜨리 stag: 수사슴, 남자들만의, 수짐승, 여 다.

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a favourite as like himself as he could get, whose employment was to lick his master’s feet and posteriors, and drive the female Yahoos to his kennel; for which he was now and then rewarded with a piece of ass’s flesh. This favourite is hated by the whole herd, and therefore, to protect himself, keeps always near the person of his leader. He usually continues in office till a worse can be found; but the very moment he is discarded, his successor, at the head of all the Yahoos in that district, young and old, male and female, come in a body, and discharge their excrements upon him from head to foot. But how far this might be applicable to our courts, and favourites, and ministers of state, my master said I could best determine.” I durst make no return to this malicious insinuation, which debased human understanding below the sagacity of a common hound, who has judgment enough to distinguish and follow the cry of the ablest dog in the pack, without being ever mistaken.% My master told me, “there were some qualities remarkable in the Yahoos, which he had not observed me to mention, or at least very slightly, in the accounts I had given of humankind.” He said, “those animals, like other brutes, had their females in common; but in this they differed, that the she Yahoo would admit the males while she was pregnant; and that the hes would quarrel and fight with the females, as fiercely as with each other; both which practices were such degrees of infamous brutality, as no other sensitive creature ever arrived at. “Another thing he wondered at in the Yahoos, was their strange disposition to nastiness and dirt; whereas there appears to be a natural love of cleanliness in all other animals.” As to the two former accusations, I was glad to let them pass without any reply, because I had not a word to offer upon them in defence of my species, which otherwise I certainly had done from my own inclinations. But I could have easily vindicated humankind from the imputation of singularity upon the last article, if there had been any swine in that country (as unluckily for me there were not), which, although it may be a sweeter quadruped than a Yahoo, cannot, I humbly conceive, in justice, pretend to more cleanliness; and so

Korean admit: 허락하다, 들이다, 인정하다, 승 인하다, 입장을 허용하다, 수용할 수 있다, 고백하다, 여지가 있다, 에 들어 갈 수단이 되다, 수용하다, 넣다. applicable: 응용할 수 있는, 적용할 수 있는, 적절한-bly. dirt: 진흙, 쓰레기, 오물, 비열한 언사, 흙, 토지, 먼지, 욕, 굴욕을 참다, 폐석 , 욕설. glad: 기쁜, 유쾌한, 기쁜 듯한, 글라디 올러스, 기뻐서.

hound: 사냥개, 열중하는 사람, 맹렬 다, 꾸러미, 꾸리다, 일당, 짐짝, 묶음, 히 쫓다, 비열한자, 사냥개로 사냥하 짐을 꾸리다, 운송용의. 다, 비열한 사나이, 개. pregnant: 임신한, 함축성 있는, 뜻깊 imputation: 비난, 비방, 전가비난, 돌 은, 가득 찬, 풍부한, 다산의, 의미 심 아감, 돌림, 누명, 허물, 돌리기. 장한, 현명한, 연구심이 풍부한, 창의 insinuation: 빗댐, 천천히 들어감, 교 성이 풍부한, 충만한. 묘하게 환심사다, 교묘하게 환심을 삼 quadruped: 네발 짐승, 네 발 가진, 사 , 넌지시 비추다, 서서히 파고 들다, 족수의, 사족수, 사족류. 슬쩍 보이다, 은근히 심어주다, 암시, remarkable: 주목할 만한, 비범한, 이 풍자, 슬며시 들어가기. 상한, 현저한, 보통이 아닌, 드문, 두 pack: 싸다, 짐을 지우다, 다발, 포장하 드러진, 놀랄만한, 비상한, 뛰어난.

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his honour himself must have owned, if he had seen their filthy way of feeding, and their custom of wallowing and sleeping in the mud.% My master likewise mentioned another quality which his servants had discovered in several Yahoos, and to him was wholly unaccountable. He said, “a fancy would sometimes take a Yahoo to retire into a corner, to lie down, and howl, and groan, and spurn away all that came near him, although he were young and fat, wanted neither food nor water, nor did the servant imagine what could possibly ail him. And the only remedy they found was, to set him to hard work, after which he would infallibly come to himself.” To this I was silent out of partiality to my own kind; yet here I could plainly discover the true seeds of spleen, which only seizes on the lazy, the luxurious, and the rich; who, if they were forced to undergo the same regimen, I would undertake for the cure. His honour had further observed, “that a female Yahoo would often stand behind a bank or a bush, to gaze on the young males passing by, and then appear, and hide, using many antic gestures and grimaces, at which time it was observed that she had a most offensive smell; and when any of the males advanced, would slowly retire, looking often back, and with a counterfeit show of fear, run off into some convenient place, where she knew the male would follow her. “At other times, if a female stranger came among them, three or four of her own sex would get about her, and stare, and chatter, and grin, and smell her all over; and then turn off with gestures, that seemed to express contempt and disdain.” Perhaps my master might refine a little in these speculations, which he had drawn from what he observed himself, or had been told him by others; however, I could not reflect without some amazement, and much sorrow, that the rudiments of lewdness, coquetry, censure, and scandal, should have place by instinct in womankind. I expected every moment that my master would accuse the Yahoos of those unnatural appetites in both sexes, so common among us. But nature, it seems, has not been so expert a school-mistress; and these politer pleasures are entirely the productions of art and reason on our side of the globe.

Korean ail: 괴롭히다, 앓다, 괴로와하다. coquetry: 교태, 아양, 아양 부림, 요염, 요염한 행위. counterfeit: 위조하다, 흉내내다, 모조 의, 모조품, 모조하다, 허위의, 위조의 , 위조 물건, 와 아주 흡사하다, 위작, 속이다. groan: 신음하다, 그 소리, 괴로워하다, 으르렁거리다, 열망하다, 불평의 소리 , 가 넘칠 정도로 많이 있다, 갈망하다 , 신음하는 듯한 목소리로 말하다, 신

음 소리, 삐걱거리는 소리. , 전치사 따위의 지배. lewdness: 음탕한, 호색의, 음탕함. sorrow: 불행, 슬픔, 고난, 슬픈, 슬퍼 luxurious: 사치스런, 사치를 좋아하는 보이는, 아쉬움, 슬퍼하다, 후회, 고생 , 호화스런, 매우 쾌적한, 사치스러운. . refine: 순수해지다, 세련되다, 정제하 spurn: 일축, 퇴짜, 자빡, 일축하다, 걷 다, 고상하게 하다, 정련하다, 세련되 어차다, 걷어차기, 쫑아버리다, 쫓아 게 하다, 우아하게 하다, 세련하다, 세 버리다, 딱 거절하다, 차버림, 차다. 밀히 구별하다, 상세히 논술하다, 맑 stare: 응시하다, 응시, 두드러 지다, 빤 아지다. 히 보다, 노려보아..시키다, 시키다, regimen: 섭생, 지배, 통치, 관리, 피지 빤히 쳐다보기, 노려보아, 노려보다, 배어, 목적어, 식이요법, 양생, 양생법 눈에 띄다.

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CHAPTER

%VIII

[The author relates several particulars of the Yahoos. The great virtues of the Houyhnhnms. The education and exercise of their youth. Their general assembly.]

As I ought to have understood human nature much better than I supposed it possible for my master to do, so it was easy to apply the character he gave of the Yahoos to myself and my countrymen; and I believed I could yet make further discoveries, from my own observation. I therefore often begged his honour to let me go among the herds of Yahoos in the neighbourhood; to which he always very graciously consented, being perfectly convinced that the hatred I bore these brutes would never suffer me to be corrupted by them; and his honour ordered one of his servants, a strong sorrel nag, very honest and good-natured, to be my guard; without whose protection I durst not undertake such adventures. For I have already told the reader how much I was pestered by these odious animals, upon my first arrival; and I afterwards failed very narrowly, three or four times, of falling into their clutches, when I happened to stray at any distance without my hanger. And I have reason to believe they had some imagination that I was of their own species, which I often assisted myself by stripping up my sleeves, and showing my naked arms and breasts in their sight, when my protector was with me. At which times they would approach as near as they durst, and imitate my

Korean clutches: 움켜쥠. , 무방비의, 있는 그대로의, 꾸밈없는, distance: 거리, 간격, 능가하다, 사이, 안경등에 의존하지 않은, 벌거숭이의, 앞 지르다, 사이를 두다, 먼데 사이를 드러난, 나체의, 가리개 없는. 두다, 앞지르다, 먼 데, 먼 거리, 간격 ought: 영, 하기로 되어있다, 해야만 을 두다. 한다, 하기로 되어 있다, 빚이 있다, exercise: 연습, 운동, 연습하다, 실천, 하여야 한다, 지고 있다, 의무를 지고 체조, 다하다, 번거롭게 하다, 행사하 있다, 을 지불할 의무가 있다, 을 반제 다, 활동시키다, 학과-활동시키다-행 할 의무가 있다, 일 것이다. 사하다, 학과. showing: 전시, 외관, 새가 좋다, 진열, failed: 실패한. 꾸밈, 모양새, 전람, 상영, 성적, 전시 naked: 적나라한, 벌거벗은, 잎이 없는 회, 정세.

sight: 시계, 봄, 구경거리, 시각, 일견, 시력, 목격, 웃음거리, 힐끗봄, 광경, 경치. stray: 길을 잃다, 길 잃은, 길 잃은 가 축, 드문, 뿔뿔이 흩어진, 일행에서 뒤 처진, 방황하다, 못된 길로 빠지다, 집 잃은 아이, 헤매다, 고립한. supposed: 상상된, 가정의, 소문난. youth: 젊음, 초기, 청년, 연소, 청춘, 젊은이, 혈기, 발육기, 원기, 젊은이들 , 청춘기.

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actions after the manner of monkeys, but ever with great signs of hatred; as a tame jackdaw with cap and stockings is always persecuted by the wild ones, when he happens to be got among them.% They are prodigiously nimble from their infancy. However, I once caught a young male of three years old, and endeavoured, by all marks of tenderness, to make it quiet; but the little imp fell a squalling, and scratching, and biting with such violence, that I was forced to let it go; and it was high time, for a whole troop of old ones came about us at the noise, but finding the cub was safe (for away it ran), and my sorrel nag being by, they durst not venture near us. I observed the young animal’s flesh to smell very rank, and the stink was somewhat between a weasel and a fox, but much more disagreeable. I forgot another circumstance (and perhaps I might have the reader’s pardon if it were wholly omitted), that while I held the odious vermin in my hands, it voided its filthy excrements of a yellow liquid substance all over my clothes; but by good fortune there was a small brook hard by, where I washed myself as clean as I could; although I durst not come into my master’s presence until I were sufficiently aired. By what I could discover, the Yahoos appear to be the most unteachable of all animals: their capacity never reaching higher than to draw or carry burdens. Yet I am of opinion, this defect arises chiefly from a perverse, restive disposition; for they are cunning, malicious, treacherous, and revengeful. They are strong and hardy, but of a cowardly spirit, and, by consequence, insolent, abject, and cruel. It is observed, that the red haired of both sexes are more libidinous and mischievous than the rest, whom yet they much exceed in strength and activity. The Houyhnhnms keep the Yahoos for present use in huts not far from the house; but the rest are sent abroad to certain fields, where they dig up roots, eat several kinds of herbs, and search about for carrion, or sometimes catch weasels and luhimuhs (a sort of wild rat), which they greedily devour. Nature has taught them to dig deep holes with their nails on the side of a rising ground, wherein they lie by themselves; only the kennels of the females are larger, sufficient to hold two or three cubs.

Korean abject: 비열한, 비참한, 절망적인, 천 한, 치사한, 비천한. brook: 참다, 시내, 견디다, 실개천. carrion: 썩은 고기, 썩은 고기를 먹는, 썩은, 죽은 짐승고기, 불결물. caught: 사람을 속이는. cowardly: 겁을 내어, 겁많은, 비겁한, 비열한, 비겁하게도, 겁 많은. haired: 머리털이-인, 머리털이 있는. imp: 보강하다, 개구쟁이, 악마의 새끼 , 마귀 새끼, 왈패아이, 꼬마도깨비장

난꾸러기, 꼬마 악마, 깃을 덧붙여주 뜻대로 되지 않는. 다, 꼬마 도깨비. restive: 반항적인, 침착성이 없는, 고 infancy: 초기, 유년, 미성년, 유소, 요 집센, 나아가기를 싫어하는, 다루기 람기, 유아, 미성년에, 초기에, 유년시 힘드는, 다루기 힘든, 들떠 있는, 불안 대. 해하는, 앞으로 나아가려 않는, 침착 jackdaw: 갈가마귀, 갈까마귀. 하지 못한, 하기 힘든. libidinous: 호색의, 애욕의. revengeful: 복수심에 불타는, 앙심 깊 perverse: 사악한, 빙퉁그러진, 사악, 은, 앙심깊은. 곡해하는, 심술 궂은, 외고집, 성질이 treacherous: 배반하는, 믿을 수 없는, 비뚤어진, 태도가 정도를 벗어난, 뜻 의지가 안되는, 반역하는, 기대에 어 대로 되지 않는, 정도를 벗어난, 일이 긋나는.

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They swim from their infancy like frogs, and are able to continue long under water, where they often take fish, which the females carry home to their young. And, upon this occasion, I hope the reader will pardon my relating an odd adventure.% Being one day abroad with my protector the sorrel nag, and the weather exceeding hot, I entreated him to let me bathe in a river that was near. He consented, and I immediately stripped myself stark naked, and went down softly into the stream. It happened that a young female Yahoo, standing behind a bank, saw the whole proceeding, and inflamed by desire, as the nag and I conjectured, came running with all speed, and leaped into the water, within five yards of the place where I bathed. I was never in my life so terribly frightened. The nag was grazing at some distance, not suspecting any harm. She embraced me after a most fulsome manner. I roared as loud as I could, and the nag came galloping towards me, whereupon she quitted her grasp, with the utmost reluctancy, and leaped upon the opposite bank, where she stood gazing and howling all the time I was putting on my clothes. This was a matter of diversion to my master and his family, as well as of mortification to myself. For now I could no longer deny that I was a real Yahoo in every limb and feature, since the females had a natural propensity to me, as one of their own species. Neither was the hair of this brute of a red colour (which might have been some excuse for an appetite a little irregular), but black as a sloe, and her countenance did not make an appearance altogether so hideous as the rest of her kind; for I think she could not be above eleven years old. Having lived three years in this country, the reader, I suppose, will expect that I should, like other travellers, give him some account of the manners and customs of its inhabitants, which it was indeed my principal study to learn. As these noble Houyhnhnms are endowed by nature with a general disposition to all virtues, and have no conceptions or ideas of what is evil in a rational creature, so their grand maxim is, to cultivate reason, and to be wholly governed by it. Neither is reason among them a point problematical, as with us, where men can argue with plausibility on both sides of the question, but strikes

Korean bathe: 미역, 잠그다, 적시다, 씻다-해 수욕, 끼얹다, 목욕하다, 뒤덮이다, 씻 다, 뒤덮다, 담그다, 헤엄치다. fulsome: 치근치근한, 지나친, 집요한, 몹시역겨운, 몹시 역겨운. galloping: 급속도의, 급속히 진행하는 , 분마성 폐렴, 급속도의 것, 급속히 진행하는 것. grasp: 잡다, 지배, 쥐다, 쥠, 잡으려 하 다, 자루, 이해하다, 이해, 달려들다, 손잡이, 이해력.

grazing: 목초지, 목장, 목축, 방목, 목 초, 목초의, 목초지의. hideous: 오싹해지는, 끔찍한, 무서운, 섬뜩한, 보기만 해도 무서운. pardon: 용서, 특사, 은사, 용서하다, 사면, 사면하다, 면죄부, 교황의 면죄, 눈감아 주다, 용서하다 용서, 교황의 사죄. plausibility: 그럴싸하게 말함, 그럴싸 함, 보기 좋음, 그럴듯함, 말주변이 좋 음.

problematical: 문제의, 미정의, 의문 의. propensity: 경향, 버릇, 벽. reluctancy: 저항, 싫음, 반항, 질색. sloe: 야생 자두, 자두류, 자두류의 열 매. stark: 강한, 순전한, 뻣뻣해져서, 뻣뻣 해진, 순전히, 진짜의, 굳어버린, 뚜렷 한, 엄격한, 자연 그대로의, 전연. terribly: 무섭게, 무시무시하게, 몹시, 지독하게, 심하게.

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you with immediate conviction; as it must needs do, where it is not mingled, obscured, or discoloured, by passion and interest. I remember it was with extreme difficulty that I could bring my master to understand the meaning of the word opinion, or how a point could be disputable; because reason taught us to affirm or deny only where we are certain; and beyond our knowledge we cannot do either. So that controversies, wranglings, disputes, and positiveness, in false or dubious propositions, are evils unknown among the Houyhnhnms. In the like manner, when I used to explain to him our several systems of natural philosophy, he would laugh, “that a creature pretending to reason, should value itself upon the knowledge of other people’s conjectures, and in things where that knowledge, if it were certain, could be of no use.” Wherein he agreed entirely with the sentiments of Socrates, as Plato delivers them; which I mention as the highest honour I can do that prince of philosophers. I have often since reflected, what destruction such doctrine would make in the libraries of Europe; and how many paths of fame would be then shut up in the learned world.% Friendship and benevolence are the two principal virtues among the Houyhnhnms; and these not confined to particular objects, but universal to the whole race; for a stranger from the remotest part is equally treated with the nearest neighbour, and wherever he goes, looks upon himself as at home. They preserve decency and civility in the highest degrees, but are altogether ignorant of ceremony. They have no fondness for their colts or foals, but the care they take in educating them proceeds entirely from the dictates of reason. And I observed my master to show the same affection to his neighbour’s issue, that he had for his own. They will have it that nature teaches them to love the whole species, and it is reason only that makes a distinction of persons, where there is a superior degree of virtue. When the matron Houyhnhnms have produced one of each sex, they no longer accompany with their consorts, except they lose one of their issue by some casualty, which very seldom happens; but in such a case they meet again; or when the like accident befalls a person whose wife is past bearing, some other couple bestow on him one of their own colts, and then go together again until

Korean bearing: 관계, 태도, 거동, 관련, 낳음, 문장, 방위각, 인내, 축받이. bestow: 수여하다, 숙박시키다, 쓰다, 간직하여 두다, 주다, 두다, 증여하다, 저장하다, 묵게 하다, 부여하다. casualty: 불상사, 조난자, 인적손해, 부상자, 불의의 재난, 사망자, 사상사 고, 사상자, 사상자수, 상해, 재난. deny: 부정하다, 면회를 거절하다, 거 절하다, 부인하다. discoloured: 변색시키는, 퇴색시키는.

disputable: 논의의 여지가 있는, 의심 스러운, 논쟁의 여지가 있는, 의문의 여지가 있는. dubious: 불명한, 미정의, 의심스러운, 수상한, 불안한, 미덥지 않은, 모호한, 수상쩍은, 의심을 품은. fondness: 취미, 경신, 기호, 도타운 사 랑, 자애, 좋아함, 귀여워함, 다정함, 맹목적 사랑. highest: 제일 높은, 최고. matron: 간호 부장, 기혼 부인, 학교 여

자 사감, 원장, 간호 원장, 기혼 여성. passion: 열정, 격정, 정욕, 정열, 수난, 감정의 폭발, 울화, 수동, 열렬한 사랑 , 감탄하는 것, 열망하는 것. universal: 보편적인, 우주의, 전칭의, 만능의, 만유의, 전칭명제, 널리행해 지는, 전세계의, 만인의, 만능인, 모든 사람의. wherever: 대체 어디에, 어디에 든지, 어디로 든지, 대체 어디로, 대체 어디 에서, 어디든지.

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the mother is pregnant. This caution is necessary, to prevent the country from being overburdened with numbers. But the race of inferior Houyhnhnms, bred up to be servants, is not so strictly limited upon this article: these are allowed to produce three of each sex, to be domestics in the noble families.% In their marriages, they are exactly careful to choose such colours as will not make any disagreeable mixture in the breed. Strength is chiefly valued in the male, and comeliness in the female; not upon the account of love, but to preserve the race from degenerating; for where a female happens to excel in strength, a consort is chosen, with regard to comeliness. Courtship, love, presents, jointures, settlements have no place in their thoughts, or terms whereby to express them in their language. The young couple meet, and are joined, merely because it is the determination of their parents and friends; it is what they see done every day, and they look upon it as one of the necessary actions of a reasonable being. But the violation of marriage, or any other unchastity, was never heard of; and the married pair pass their lives with the same friendship and mutual benevolence, that they bear to all others of the same species who come in their way, without jealousy, fondness, quarrelling, or discontent. In educating the youth of both sexes, their method is admirable, and highly deserves our imitation. These are not suffered to taste a grain of oats, except upon certain days, till eighteen years old; nor milk, but very rarely; and in summer they graze two hours in the morning, and as many in the evening, which their parents likewise observe; but the servants are not allowed above half that time, and a great part of their grass is brought home, which they eat at the most convenient hours, when they can be best spared from work. Temperance, industry, exercise, and cleanliness, are the lessons equally enjoined to the young ones of both sexes: and my master thought it monstrous in us, to give the females a different kind of education from the males, except in some articles of domestic management; whereby, as he truly observed, one half of our natives were good for nothing but bringing children into the world; and to

Korean comeliness: 예쁨, 적합, 단정함. courtship: 구애, 구혼, 구혼기간, 구혼 기간. determination: 결심, 측정, 판결, 확정 . female: 여성, 암, 암의, 여성의, 여자 로 이루어진, 계집, 암컷, 암컷의, 여 자. grass: 풀, 잔디, 봄, 목초, 풀 위에 펴다 , 풀 돋는 계절, 포아풀과의 풀, 목초 지, 풀로 덫다, 때려 눕히다, 목초를

먹이다. imitation: 모방, 모조품, 모사, 흉내, 인조, 위조품, 비슷하게 만든 것, 모조 , 모방모조, 가짜, 모방작법. jealousy: 경계심, 샘, 질투, 시기, 빈틈 없는 배려. lessons: 수업, 연속적인 수업. milk: 젖, 우유, 유체, 젖 모양의 액체, 통신을 도청하다, 젖이 나다, 전선에 서 통신을 도청하다, 유제, 유액, 에서 젖을 짜다, 에서 착취하다.

mixture: 혼합, 혼합물, 첨가물, 교차, 혼방직물, 물약. mutual: 상호의, 공통의, 공동의. truly: 참으로, 정확히, 바르게, 성실히, 정확하게, 사실을 말하자면, 정말로, 진실로, 충실히. unchastity: 부정, 외설. valued: 존중되는, 평가된, 가치를 가 진, 의 가치를 가진. violation: 위반, 위배, 방해, 강간, 모 독, 침입, 침해.

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trust the care of our children to such useless animals, he said, was yet a greater instance of brutality.% But the Houyhnhnms train up their youth to strength, speed, and hardiness, by exercising them in running races up and down steep hills, and over hard stony grounds; and when they are all in a sweat, they are ordered to leap over head and ears into a pond or river. Four times a year the youth of a certain district meet to show their proficiency in running and leaping, and other feats of strength and agility; where the victor is rewarded with a song in his or her praise. On this festival, the servants drive a herd of Yahoos into the field, laden with hay, and oats, and milk, for a repast to the Houyhnhnms; after which, these brutes are immediately driven back again, for fear of being noisome to the assembly. Every fourth year, at the vernal equinox, there is a representative council of the whole nation, which meets in a plain about twenty miles from our house, and continues about five or six days. Here they inquire into the state and condition of the several districts; whether they abound or be deficient in hay or oats, or cows, or Yahoos; and wherever there is any want (which is but seldom) it is immediately supplied by unanimous consent and contribution. Here likewise the regulation of children is settled: as for instance, if a Houyhnhnm has two males, he changes one of them with another that has two females; and when a child has been lost by any casualty, where the mother is past breeding, it is determined what family in the district shall breed another to supply the loss.

Korean breeding: 번식, 사육, 뱀뱀이, 버릇, 증식작용, 증식 작용, 가정교육, 가계, 증식. equinox: 주야평분시, 낮과 밤이 똑같 은 때, 주야 평분시, 주야 평분선, 춘 분 때의 모진 비바람, 추분 때의 모진 비바람. grounds: 근거, 기초, 장소, 찌끼. hardiness: 대담, 뻔뻔스럼, 내구력, 강 장, 철면피. noisome: 해로운, 싫은, 불쾌한, 악취

가나는. pond: 연못, 못, 물줄기를 막다, 물이 괴어 못이 되다, 물이 괴어 늪이 되다, 못이 되다, 늪이 되다, 막다. races: 경마 대회. repast: 식사, 식사량. representative: 전형적인, 대리인, 대 표물, 대표적인, 전형, 대표자, 대리의 , 견본, 대표하는, 유사물, 국회의원. steep: 담그는 액체, 험한, 엄청난, 가 풀막, 적시다, 담그다, 담금, 몰두 시

키다, 급경사진, 가파른, 적심. sweat: 땀, 고역, 혹사하다, 걱정하여, 땀 흘려 일하다, 열심히 일하여, 고문 하다, 땀으로 적시다, 땀을 흘리게 하 다, 땀을 흘리다, 물기. twenty: 스물. unanimous: 만장일치의, 이구동성의, 동의의, 만장 일치의, 전원 일치의, 합 의의. vernal: 봄의, 청춘의, 봄같은, 싱싱한, 젊은, 봄 같은, 봄다운.

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CHAPTER IX [A%grand debate at the general assembly of the Houyhnhnms, and how it was determined. The learning of the Houyhnhnms. Their buildings. Their manner of burials. The defectiveness of their language.]

One of these grand assemblies was held in my time, about three months before my departure, whither my master went as the representative of our district. In this council was resumed their old debate, and indeed the only debate that ever happened in their country; whereof my master, after his return, give me a very particular account. The question to be debated was, “whether the Yahoos should be exterminated from the face of the earth?” One of the members for the affirmative offered several arguments of great strength and weight, alleging, “that as the Yahoos were the most filthy, noisome, and deformed animals which nature ever produced, so they were the most restive and indocible, mischievous and malicious; they would privately suck the teats of the Houyhnhnms’ cows, kill and devour their cats, trample down their oats and grass, if they were not continually watched, and commit a thousand other extravagancies.” He took notice of a general tradition, “that Yahoos had not been always in their country; but that many ages ago, two of these brutes appeared together upon a mountain; whether produced by the heat of the sun upon corrupted mud and slime, or

Korean affirmative: 긍정의, 긍정문, 찬성자, 가 되는, 장난을 좋아하는. 은 것, 악의 세계, 미꾸라지처럼 미끈 확정의, 확언, 확언적인, 확인의, 단언 noisome: 해로운, 싫은, 불쾌한, 악취 미끈 빠져 나가다, 더러운 것. . 가나는. trample: 짓밟다, 짓밟음, 유린하다, 심 defectiveness: 하자, 결함, 결여. restive: 반항적인, 침착성이 없는, 고 하게 다루다, 짓밟는 소리, 무시하다, deformed: 흉한, 불구의, 일그러진. 집센, 나아가기를 싫어하는, 다루기 내리 밟다. devour: 탐독하다, 멸망시키다, 개걸스 힘드는, 다루기 힘든, 들떠 있는, 불안 whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 무엇 럽게 먹다, 먹어치우다, 개걸스럽게먹 해하는, 앞으로 나아가려 않는, 침착 에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의. 다, 이성을 빼앗다, 게걸스레 먹다. 하지 못한, 하기 힘든. whither: 어디로, 곳으로, 그 곳으로, malicious: 악의 있는, 속 검은, 적의 slime: 찰흙을 칠하다, 찰흙, 점액, 끈 가는 곳. 있는. 적끈적한 것, 찐득찐득한 것, 진흙투 mischievous: 유해한, 장난치는, 재해 성이가 되다, 점액으로 뒤덮다, 언짢

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from%the ooze and froth of the sea, was never known; that these Yahoos engendered, and their brood, in a short time, grew so numerous as to overrun and infest the whole nation; that the Houyhnhnms, to get rid of this evil, made a general hunting, and at last enclosed the whole herd; and destroying the elder, every Houyhnhnm kept two young ones in a kennel, and brought them to such a degree of tameness, as an animal, so savage by nature, can be capable of acquiring, using them for draught and carriage; that there seemed to be much truth in this tradition, and that those creatures could not be yinhniamshy (or aborigines of the land), because of the violent hatred the Houyhnhnms, as well as all other animals, bore them, which, although their evil disposition sufficiently deserved, could never have arrived at so high a degree if they had been aborigines, or else they would have long since been rooted out; that the inhabitants, taking a fancy to use the service of the Yahoos, had, very imprudently, neglected to cultivate the breed of asses, which are a comely animal, easily kept, more tame and orderly, without any offensive smell, strong enough for labour, although they yield to the other in agility of body, and if their braying be no agreeable sound, it is far preferable to the horrible howlings of the Yahoos.” Several others declared their sentiments to the same purpose, when my master proposed an expedient to the assembly, whereof he had indeed borrowed the hint from me. “He approved of the tradition mentioned by the honourable member who spoke before, and affirmed, that the two Yahoos said to be seen first among them, had been driven thither over the sea; that coming to land, and being forsaken by their companions, they retired to the mountains, and degenerating by degrees, became in process of time much more savage than those of their own species in the country whence these two originals came. The reason of this assertion was, that he had now in his possession a certain wonderful Yahoo (meaning myself) which most of them had heard of, and many of them had seen. He then related to them how he first found me; that my body was all covered with an artificial composure of the skins and hairs of other animals; that I spoke in a language of my own, and had thoroughly learned theirs; that I had related to him the accidents which brought me thither; that

Korean aborigines: 토착민, 원주민, 토착 동식 물. artificial: 인조의, 부자연스러운, 인공 의, 일부러 꾸민 것 같은, 젠체하는, 부자연스런. assertion: 단언, 독단, 주장, 나타나다. carriage: 탈것, 몸가짐, 운반, 수송, 태 도, 운임, 통과, 운반대, 유모차, 포가, 처리. composure: 침착, 냉정, 평정, 자제. elder: 장로, 원로, 손위의, 연장자, 연

장의, 고참, 고참의, 양딱총나무, 딱총 나무, 이전의, 이전의-연장자. forsaken: 버림받은, 고독한. froth: 거품, 시시한것, 거품을 뿜다, 거 품을 일으키다, 쓸데없는얘기, 쓸데없 는 얘기, 거품을일으키다, 거품을 일 게 하다, 거품을 내뿜다, 공허. hunting: 사냥, 추구, 탐색, 수렵, 난조 의, 수렵의, 탐구, 탐구의, 난조. imprudently: 경솔하게, 무분별하게. infest: 해치다, 들끊다, 창궐하다, 엄습

하다, 만연하다, 횡행하다, 노략질하 다, 꾀다, 몰려들다. ones: 그 사람의, 사람의. overrun: 의 전반에 걸쳐 퍼지다, 초과 하다, 잉여, 무성하다, 무성, 만연, 침 략하다, 오버런, 에 만연하다, 범위를 넘다, 도를 넘다. preferable: 바람직한, 오히려 나은, 택 할 만한, 선택할 만한. tameness: 길들여짐, 유순, 온순함, 길 들여져 있음, 온순, 무기력.

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when%he saw me without my covering, I was an exact Yahoo in every part, only of a whiter colour, less hairy, and with shorter claws. He added, how I had endeavoured to persuade him, that in my own and other countries, the Yahoos acted as the governing, rational animal, and held the Houyhnhnms in servitude; that he observed in me all the qualities of a Yahoo, only a little more civilized by some tincture of reason, which, however, was in a degree as far inferior to the Houyhnhnm race, as the Yahoos of their country were to me; that, among other things, I mentioned a custom we had of castrating Houyhnhnms when they were young, in order to render them tame; that the operation was easy and safe; that it was no shame to learn wisdom from brutes, as industry is taught by the ant, and building by the swallow (for so I translate the word lyhannh, although it be a much larger fowl); that this invention might be practised upon the younger Yahoos here, which besides rendering them tractable and fitter for use, would in an age put an end to the whole species, without destroying life; that in the mean time the Houyhnhnms should be exhorted to cultivate the breed of asses, which, as they are in all respects more valuable brutes, so they have this advantage, to be fit for service at five years old, which the others are not till twelve.” This was all my master thought fit to tell me, at that time, of what passed in the grand council. But he was pleased to conceal one particular, which related personally to myself, whereof I soon felt the unhappy effect, as the reader will know in its proper place, and whence I date all the succeeding misfortunes of my life. The Houyhnhnms have no letters, and consequently their knowledge is all traditional. But there happening few events of any moment among a people so well united, naturally disposed to every virtue, wholly governed by reason, and cut off from all commerce with other nations, the historical part is easily preserved without burdening their memories. I have already observed that they are subject to no diseases, and therefore can have no need of physicians. However, they have excellent medicines, composed of herbs, to cure accidental bruises and cuts in the pastern or frog of the foot, by sharp stones, as well as other maims and hurts in the several parts of the body.

Korean accidental: 우연한, 우연의 우발적인 사물, 비본질적인, 임시 변화의, 우발 적인, 사고의, 우유적인. ant: 개미. easily: 편안히, 쉽게, 쉽사리, 용이하게 , 원활하게, 편안하게. fit: 적합, 적당한, 준비시키다, 건강한, 꼭 맞다, 만듦새, 조달하다, 알맞은, 수험 준비를 하다, 격발, 이야기의 한 구절. grand: 멋진, 웅대한, 중대한, 위대한,

굉장한, 거만한, 장엄한, 전부의, 주되 는, 거룩한, 큰. hairy: 털이 많은, 털의. happening: 사건, 우발사, 해프닝, 사 고. historical: 역사의, 역사상의, 사적인, 역사적인, 역사에 기록되는, 역사적으 로 유명한, 역사에 유래되는. rendering: 번역, 표현, 연주, 연출, 반 환, 정제, 초벌칠, 교부, 인도, 번역문, 묘사.

servitude: 고역, 노예 상태, 복역, 예속 , 용역권, 노예임. tractable: 세공하기 쉬운, 유순한, 다루 기 쉬운, 취급하기 쉬운. valuable: 귀중한, 값비싼, 귀중품, 평 가할수 있는, 가치 있는, 금전적 가치 가 있는, 가치를 평가할 수 있는. younger: 나이 적은 쪽의, 연하의 사람 , 손아랫사람들, 어린 쪽의, 연하쪽의 젊은이, 형제 중 어린 쪽의, 손아래의, 손 아래 사람들, 아이들.

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They calculate the year by the revolution of the sun and moon, but use no subdivisions into weeks. They are well enough acquainted with the motions of those two luminaries, and understand the nature of eclipses; and this is the utmost progress of their astronomy.% In poetry, they must be allowed to excel all other mortals; wherein the justness of their similes, and the minuteness as well as exactness of their descriptions, are indeed inimitable. Their verses abound very much in both of these, and usually contain either some exalted notions of friendship and benevolence or the praises of those who were victors in races and other bodily exercises. Their buildings, although very rude and simple, are not inconvenient, but well contrived to defend them from all injuries of and heat. They have a kind of tree, which at forty years old loosens in the root, and falls with the first storm: it grows very straight, and being pointed like stakes with a sharp stone (for the Houyhnhnms know not the use of iron), they stick them erect in the ground, about ten inches asunder, and then weave in oat straw, or sometimes wattles, between them. The roof is made after the same manner, and so are the doors. The Houyhnhnms use the hollow part, between the pastern and the hoof of their fore-foot, as we do our hands, and this with greater dexterity than I could at first imagine. I have seen a white mare of our family thread a needle (which I lent her on purpose) with that joint. They milk their cows, reap their oats, and do all the work which requires hands, in the same manner. They have a kind of hard flints, which, by grinding against other stones, they form into instruments, that serve instead of wedges, axes, and hammers. With tools made of these flints, they likewise cut their hay, and reap their oats, which there grow naturally in several fields; the Yahoos draw home the sheaves in carriages, and the servants tread them in certain covered huts to get out the grain, which is kept in stores. They make a rude kind of earthen and wooden vessels, and bake the former in the sun. If they can avoid casualties, they die only of old age, and are buried in the obscurest places that can be found, their friends and relations expressing neither joy nor grief at their departure; nor does the dying person discover the least

Korean acquainted: 사귀게 된, 안면이 있는, 정통한, 친한. bake: 회식, 구워지다, 굽다, 굽기, 익 히다, 빵굽기, 구워낸 제품, 구워 굳히 다, 구워 말리다, 그을리다, 타다. calculate: 계산하다, 할 작정이다, 산 정하다, 추정하다, 이라고 생각하다, 의도하다, 기대하다, 어림잡다, 하도 록 계획되어 있다, 평가하다, 추산하 다. casualties: 사상자 수, 조난자, 불상사,

사상자 명단. grinding: 가는, 갈기, 삐걱거리는, 제 분, 지루한, 매우 아픈, 압제의, 주입 식 교수, 타기, 타는, 힘드는. inconvenient: 불편한, 형편이 마땅하 지 않은, 폐가되는, 부자유스런, 형편 이 나쁜, 부자유한. inimitable: 흉내낼 수 없는, 다시 없는 , 추종을 불허하는. instead: 의 대신에, 그 대신으로서. justness: 지당한, 이제 막, 전혀, 에누

리 없이, 정당한, 정확한, 올바른, 이 윽고, 바르게, 방금, 공정한. oat: 귀리, 보리피리, 들뜨다, 목가, 보 리 피리, 오트밀, 귀리로 만든. relations: 관계, 이성과의 관계. root: 뿌리, 어근, 근원, 찾다, 정착하다 , 자손, 시조, 뿌리박다, 근절하다, 초 목, 뿌리의. rude: 거친, 버릇없는, 대강의, 건장한, 교양 없는, 난폭한, 자연 그대로의, 울 퉁불퉁한, 거센, 강장한, 미가공의.

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regret that he is leaving the world, any more than if he were upon returning home from a visit to one of his neighbours. I remember my master having once made an appointment with a friend and his family to come to his house, upon some affair of importance: on the day fixed, the mistress and her two children came very late; she made two excuses, first for her husband, who, as she said, happened that very morning to shnuwnh. The word is strongly expressive in their language, but not easily rendered into English; it signifies, “to retire to his first mother.” Her excuse for not coming sooner, was, that her husband dying late in the morning, she was a good while consulting her servants about a convenient place where his body should be laid; and I observed, she behaved herself at our house as cheerfully as the rest. She died about three months after.% They live generally to seventy, or seventy-five years, very seldom to fourscore. Some weeks before their death, they feel a gradual decay; but without pain. During this time they are much visited by their friends, because they cannot go abroad with their usual ease and satisfaction. However, about ten days before their death, which they seldom fail in computing, they return the visits that have been made them by those who are nearest in the neighbourhood, being carried in a convenient sledge drawn by Yahoos; which vehicle they use, not only upon this occasion, but when they grow old, upon long journeys, or when they are lamed by any accident: and therefore when the dying Houyhnhnms return those visits, they take a solemn leave of their friends, as if they were going to some remote part of the country, where they designed to pass the rest of their lives. I know not whether it may be worth observing, that the Houyhnhnms have no word in their language to express any thing that is evil, except what they borrow from the deformities or ill qualities of the Yahoos. Thus they denote the folly of a servant, an omission of a child, a stone that cuts their feet, a continuance of foul or unseasonable weather, and the like, by adding to each the epithet of Yahoo. For instance, hhnm Yahoo; whnaholm Yahoo, ynlhmndwihlma Yahoo, and an ill-contrived house ynholmhnmrohlnw Yahoo.

Korean appointment: 지정, 임명, 관직, 지위, 선정, 회합의약속, 약속, 회합의 약속, 천명. cheerfully: 쾌활하게, 기분좋게, 명랑 하게, 기쁜 마음으로, 기꺼이. decay: 부패하다, 부패, 썩다, 쇠미하다 , 쇠미, 쇠하다, 부식하다, 자연 붕괴 하다, 부식, 부패시키다. denote: 표시하다, 나타내다, 의미하다 , 외연을 나타내다, 의 상징이다, 의 표시이다.

designed: 계획적인, 고의의, 설계된. ease: 안락, 안심시키다, 늦추다, 덜다, 편안, 여유, 쉬움, 마음놓고, 안심하다 , 불안하여, 마음놓이지 않아. epithet: 별명, 통칭, 형용사, 형용 어구 . gradual: 서서히 하는, 점차적인, 점차 의. grow: 점점 더해지다, 성장하다, 늘다, 재배하다, 자라게 하다, 자라다, 크다, 강해지다, 생장시키다, 나다, 점차로

-하게 되다. omission: 생략, 탈락, 태만. seventy: 일흔 개, 칠십, 칠십대, 일흔, 일흔 명, 칠십년대, 칠십세, 칠십세의, 칠십의, 칠십의 기호. unseasonable: 시기가 나쁜, 철아닌, 계절에맞지않는, 때 아닌, 철 아닌, 때 를 얻지 못한. vehicle: 차량, 용액, 매개물, 탈것, 전 달수단, 우주차량, 운송 수단, 발휘하 는 수단.

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I could, with great pleasure, enlarge further upon the manners and virtues of this excellent people; but intending in a short time to publish a volume by itself, expressly upon that subject, I refer the reader thither; and, in the mean time, proceed to relate my own sad catastrophe.%

Korean enlarge: 넓어지다, 퍼지다, 확대하다, 작품이 출판되다, 잡지 따위를 출판하 부연하다, 상세하게 설명하다, 석방하 다, 출판 사업에 종사하다, 출판되다. 다, 크게 하다, 확장하다. refer: 언급하다, 문의하다, 지시하다, expressly: 특별히, 명백히, 일부러, 분 에 돌리다, 부르다, 참고하다, 가리키 명히, 표정이 풍부하게. 다, 맡기다, 인용하다, 대상으로 삼다, intending: 미래의.지망하는. 나타내다. pleasure: 기호, 오락, 의지, 쾌락, 즐거 sad: 진지한, 슬픈, 어두운, 지독한, 우 움, 욕구, 유쾌, 즐기다, 특히 육체적 중충충한, 설구워진, 어이없는, 슬퍼 쾌락, 육체적 쾌락, 만족시키다. 하는, 칙칙한, 언어도단의, 잘 부풀지 publish: 발표하다, 출판하다, 공포하 않은. 다, 공표하다, 서적 따위를 출판하다, short: 갑자기, 짧게, 키가 작은, 부족한

, 독한, 짧은, 짧은 음의, 부족하여, 미 치지 못하다, 간단한, 깨지기 쉬운. subject: 신하, 주제, 피실험자, 복종시 키다, 받는, 질의 사람, 지배를 받는, 종속하는, 제시하다, 이라 가정하여, 맡기다. thither: 저기에, 저쪽에, 저쪽의, 저쪽 으로. volume: 음량, 용적, 권, 대량, 체적, 책 , 의미 심장하다, 서적, 양, 큰덩어리, 부피.

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CHAPTER

%X

[The author’s economy, and happy life, among the Houyhnhnms. His great improvement in virtue by conversing with them. Their conversations. The author has notice given him by his master, that he must depart from the country. He falls into a swoon for grief; but submits. He contrives and finishes a canoe by the help of a fellow-servant, and puts to sea at a venture.]

I had settled my little economy to my own heart’s content. My master had ordered a room to be made for me, after their manner, about six yards from the house: the sides and floors of which I plastered with clay, and covered with rush-mats of my own contriving. I had beaten hemp, which there grows wild, and made of it a sort of ticking; this I filled with the feathers of several birds I had taken with springes made of Yahoos’ hairs, and were excellent food. I had worked two chairs with my knife, the sorrel nag helping me in the grosser and more laborious part. When my clothes were worn to rags, I made myself others with the skins of rabbits, and of a certain beautiful animal, about the same size, called nnuhnoh, the skin of which is covered with a fine down. Of these I also made very tolerable stockings. I soled my shoes with wood, which I cut from a tree, and fitted to the upper-leather; and when this was worn out, I supplied it with the skins of Yahoos dried in the sun. I often got honey out of hollow trees, which I mingled with water, or ate with my bread. No man could more verify

Korean bread: 생계, 빵, 양식, 돈, 주식물, 먹 을것, 고용주, 주인, 현금, 에 빵가루 를 묻히다. content: 내용, 용적, 함유량, 차례, 만 족하여, 찬성하여, 만족, 내용물, 속알 맹이, 흐뭇해하여-만족, 찬성투표. contriving: 도모. helping: 도움, 조력, 거들어줌, 조력 구원의, 한번담는 분량, 돕는 도움이 되는, 거들기. hemp: 삼, 대마, 교수형용의 밧줄.

honey: 벌꿀, 감미로운, 화밀, 정다운 졸도하다, 기절하다, 약해지다. 말을 하다, 발림말하다, 벌꿀의, 귀여 ticking: 똑딱거림, 이불잇감, 무명베, 운 사람, 단것. 아마포, 두색 이상의 줄무늬, 재깍소 improvement: 개선, 진보, 향상, 개량, 리, 똑딱소리, 재깍거림. 이용, 개량된 것, 개량 공사, 개수공사 tree: 나무, 나무를 달다, 수목, 골을 끼 이용 활용. 다, 가꼐도, 계통수, 목제품, 궁지에 notice: 통지, 게시, 주의, 주의하다, 고 몰아 넣다, 나무 위로 쫓다, 수목 모양 시, 통지하다, 언급하다, 후대, 예고, 의 것, 크리스마스 트리. 주목하다, 통보. wild: 난폭한, 황무지, 황폐한, 열광적 plastered: 취한, 술에 취해서. 인, 야생의, 야만의, 빗나간, 사람이 swoon: 기절, 차츰 사라져 가다, 졸도, 살지 않는, 난폭하게, 황야, 방탕한.

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the%truth of these two maxims, “That nature is very easily satisfied;” and, “That necessity is the mother of invention.” I enjoyed perfect health of body, and tranquillity of mind; I did not feel the treachery or inconstancy of a friend, nor the injuries of a secret or open enemy. I had no occasion of bribing, flattering, or pimping, to procure the favour of any great man, or of his minion; I wanted no fence against fraud or oppression: here was neither physician to destroy my body, nor lawyer to ruin my fortune; no informer to watch my words and actions, or forge accusations against me for hire: here were no gibers, censurers, backbiters, pickpockets, highwaymen, housebreakers, attorneys, bawds, buffoons, gamesters, politicians, wits, splenetics, tedious talkers, controvertists, ravishers, murderers, robbers, virtuosos; no leaders, or followers, of party and faction; no encouragers to vice, by seducement or examples; no dungeon, axes, gibbets, whipping-posts, or pillories; no cheating shopkeepers or mechanics; no pride, vanity, or affectation; no fops, bullies, drunkards, strolling whores, or poxes; no ranting, lewd, expensive wives; no stupid, proud pedants; no importunate, overbearing, quarrelsome, noisy, roaring, empty, conceited, swearing companions; no scoundrels raised from the dust upon the merit of their vices, or nobility thrown into it on account of their virtues; no lords, fiddlers, judges, or dancing-masters. I had the favour of being admitted to several Houyhnhnms, who came to visit or dine with my master; where his honour graciously suffered me to wait in the room, and listen to their discourse. Both he and his company would often descend to ask me questions, and receive my answers. I had also sometimes the honour of attending my master in his visits to others. I never presumed to speak, except in answer to a question; and then I did it with inward regret, because it was a loss of so much time for improving myself; but I was infinitely delighted with the station of an humble auditor in such conversations, where nothing passed but what was useful, expressed in the fewest and most significant words; where, as I have already said, the greatest decency was observed, without the least degree of ceremony; where no person spoke without being pleased himself, and pleasing his companions; where there was no interruption, tediousness, heat, or difference of sentiments. They have a notion, that when people are met

Korean auditor: 청강생, 감사, 방청자, 회계검 사관, 듣는 사람, 회계 감사원. forge: 꾸며대다, 철공장, 위조하다, 서 서히 나아가다, 쇠를불리다, 쇠를 불 리다, 단조공장, 대장간에서 일하다, 벼리다, 꾸며내다, 노. fraud: 사기, 사기꾼, 협잡, 가짜, 부정 수단, 기만, 사기 행위. heat: 열, 뜨거워지다, 발정, 노력, 더위 , 흥분, 상기, 열심, 클라이맥스, 뜨겁 게 하다, 따뜻해지다.

importunate: 귀찮은, 성가신, 귀찮은 조르는, 끈덕진, 끈질긴. inconstancy: 변하기 쉬움, 부정, 변덕 스러운 행위, 변덕스러운, 변덕. informer: 통지자, 밀고자, 고발자, 정 보제공자, 스파이, 통지하다. lawyer: 법률가, 변호사. leaders: 리더. minion: 부하, 총애 받는 사람, 앞잡이, 미니언, 총애받는 사람. noisy: 시끄러운, 떠들썩한, 요란한, 화

려한, 난한. overbearing: 거만한, 고압적인, 뽐내 는, 위압적인, 횡포한, 건방진. roaring: 떠들썩한, 포효, 활발한, 으르 렁거림, 술마시며 떠드는, 소리, 경기 가 좋은, 굉음, 극도로, 노호하는, 굉 굉히 울리는. seducement: 황홀케하다, 부추기다, 꾀어내다, 유혹하다. strolling: 순회 공연하는. tranquillity: 평온, 침착, 평안, 평정.

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together, %a short silence does much improve conversation: this I found to be true; for during those little intermissions of talk, new ideas would arise in their minds, which very much enlivened the discourse. Their subjects are, generally on friendship and benevolence, on order and economy; sometimes upon the visible operations of nature, or ancient traditions; upon the bounds and limits of virtue; upon the unerring rules of reason, or upon some determinations to be taken at the next great assembly: and often upon the various excellences of poetry. I may add, without vanity, that my presence often gave them sufficient matter for discourse, because it afforded my master an occasion of letting his friends into the history of me and my country, upon which they were all pleased to descant, in a manner not very advantageous to humankind: and for that reason I shall not repeat what they said; only I may be allowed to observe, that his honour, to my great admiration, appeared to understand the nature of Yahoos much better than myself. He went through all our vices and follies, and discovered many, which I had never mentioned to him, by only supposing what qualities a Yahoo of their country, with a small proportion of reason, might be capable of exerting; and concluded, with too much probability, “how vile, as well as miserable, such a creature must be.” I freely confess, that all the little knowledge I have of any value, was acquired by the lectures I received from my master, and from hearing the discourses of him and his friends; to which I should be prouder to listen, than to dictate to the greatest and wisest assembly in Europe. I admired the strength, comeliness, and speed of the inhabitants; and such a constellation of virtues, in such amiable persons, produced in me the highest veneration. At first, indeed, I did not feel that natural awe, which the Yahoos and all other animals bear toward them; but it grew upon me by decrees, much sooner than I imagined, and was mingled with a respectful love and gratitude, that they would condescend to distinguish me from the rest of my species. When I thought of my family, my friends, my countrymen, or the human race in general, I considered them, as they really were, Yahoos in shape and disposition, perhaps a little more civilized, and qualified with the gift of speech;

Korean arise: 일어나다, 부활하다, 발생하다, constellation: 별자리, 배치, 성좌, 화 다. 소생하다, 나타나다, 되살아나다, 아 려한것의 무리, 화려하게 차린 신사 probability: 개연성, 확률, 있음직한, 침에 일어나다, 피어오르다, 생기다. 숙녀의 한 무리, 성운, 배열, 기라성같 가망, 있을 법한 일, 있을 법한 사건, assembly: 조립, 하원, 집합 신호, 집회 은모임, 성위, 화려하게 차린 신사 숙 일어날 법한 일, 일어날 법한 사건. , 입법의회, 조립 부품, 회의, 집합, 무 녀의 한무리. repeat: 반복, 되풀이, 암송하다, 반복 도회, 집합신호, 입법회의. descant: 상설, 노래하다, 가곡, 상설하 절, 이중 투표를 하다, 되풀이하다, 복 awe: 외경하다, 경외, 두려움. 다, 상설하다-노래하다, 수창, 연주하 창하다, 되풀이 하다, 사본, 재공급, capable: 유능한, 을 감히 할, 의 능력 다, 상세하게 설명하다. 재방송 프로그램. 이 있는, 실력이 있는, 하기를 서슴지 dictate: 지령, 받아쓰게하다, 명령, 명 unerring: 잘못이 없는, 틀림 없는, 틀 않을, 훌륭하게, 을 넣을수있는, 할수 령하다, 명령하다-명령, 지령하다, 지 리지 않는. 있는, 장래성, 자격있는, 능력. 시하다, 구술하다, 글을 받아쓰게 하

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but making no other use of reason, than to improve and multiply those vices whereof their brethren in this country had only the share that nature allotted them. When I happened to behold the reflection of my own form in a lake or fountain, I turned away my face in horror and detestation of myself, and could better endure the sight of a common Yahoo than of my own person. By conversing with the Houyhnhnms, and looking upon them with delight, I fell to imitate their gait and gesture, which is now grown into a habit; and my friends often tell me, in a blunt way, “that I trot like a horse;” which, however, I take for a great compliment. Neither shall I disown, that in speaking I am apt to fall into the voice and manner of the Houyhnhnms, and hear myself ridiculed on that account, without the least mortification.% In the midst of all this happiness, and when I looked upon myself to be fully settled for life, my master sent for me one morning a little earlier than his usual hour. I observed by his countenance that he was in some perplexity, and at a loss how to begin what he had to speak. After a short silence, he told me, “he did not know how I would take what he was going to say: that in the last general assembly, when the affair of the Yahoos was entered upon, the representatives had taken offence at his keeping a Yahoo (meaning myself) in his family, more like a Houyhnhnm than a brute animal; that he was known frequently to converse with me, as if he could receive some advantage or pleasure in my company; that such a practice was not agreeable to reason or nature, or a thing ever heard of before among them; the assembly did therefore exhort him either to employ me like the rest of my species, or command me to swim back to the place whence I came: that the first of these expedients was utterly rejected by all the Houyhnhnms who had ever seen me at his house or their own; for they alleged, that because I had some rudiments of reason, added to the natural pravity of those animals, it was to be feared I might be able to seduce them into the woody and mountainous parts of the country, and bring them in troops by night to destroy the Houyhnhnms’ cattle, as being naturally of the ravenous kind, and averse from labour.”

Korean alleged: 주장된, 된, 추정된, 이라고들 말하는. exhort: 훈계하다, 권고하다, 열심히권 하다, 간곡히 타이르다. fountain: 분수, 샘, 기름통, 원천, 잉크 통, 분출하다, 쏘다 분수, 액체 저장 용기. gesture: 몸짓, 손짓, 제스처, 태도, 선 전적 행위, 거동, 기미, 의사 표시, 행 위, 몸짓하기. horror: 공포, 열등품, 소름끼치게하는,

염오, 무서운것, 공포의 전율, 치가 떨 리는 기분, 무서운 것, 참으로 지독한 것. keeping: 부양, 유지, 조화, 관리, 보존, 축하, 보관, 일치. lake: 호수, 레이크, 못, 다홍색. mountainous: 산이 많은, 산더미 같은 , 산지의, 산과 같은. offence: 죄의 근원, 범죄, 위반, 의무 따위의 위반, 무례, 경미한 범죄, 공격 , 관습 따위의 위반.

ravenous: 굶주린, 게걸든, 게걸스럽게 먹는, 탐욕스런, 마구 먹어대는. seduce: 유혹하다, 꾀어내다, 황홀케하 다, 부추기다, 추기다, 매혹하다. trot: 자습서, 총총걸음으로 걷다, 총총 걸음, 자습용 번역서, 아장아장 걷는 어린애, 속보로 달기다, 속보, 서두르 며 가다, 빠른운동, 빠른 걸음으로 안 내하다, 자습서로 공부하다. woody: 목질의, 나무의, 나무가 무성 한, 목본의, 우디, 수목이 우거진.

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My master added, “that he was daily pressed by the Houyhnhnms of the neighbourhood to have the assembly’s exhortation executed, which he could not put off much longer. He doubted it would be impossible for me to swim to another country; and therefore wished I would contrive some sort of vehicle, resembling those I had described to him, that might carry me on the sea; in which work I should have the assistance of his own servants, as well as those of his neighbours.” He concluded, “that for his own part, he could have been content to keep me in his service as long as I lived; because he found I had cured myself of some bad habits and dispositions, by endeavouring, as far as my inferior nature was capable, to imitate the Houyhnhnms.” I should here observe to the reader, that a decree of the general assembly in this country is expressed by the word hnhloayn, which signifies an exhortation, as near as I can render it; for they have no conception how a rational creature can be compelled, but only advised, or exhorted; because no person can disobey reason, without giving up his claim to be a rational creature.% I was struck with the utmost grief and despair at my master’s discourse; and being unable to support the agonies I was under, I fell into a swoon at his feet. When I came to myself, he told me “that he concluded I had been dead;” for these people are subject to no such imbecilities of nature. I answered in a faint voice, “that death would have been too great a happiness; that although I could not blame the assembly’s exhortation, or the urgency of his friends; yet, in my weak and corrupt judgment, I thought it might consist with reason to have been less rigorous; that I could not swim a league, and probably the nearest land to theirs might be distant above a hundred: that many materials, necessary for making a small vessel to carry me off, were wholly wanting in this country; which, however, I would attempt, in obedience and gratitude to his honour, although I concluded the thing to be impossible, and therefore looked on myself as already devoted to destruction; that the certain prospect of an unnatural death was the least of my evils; for, supposing I should escape with life by some strange adventure, how could I think with temper of passing my days among Yahoos, and relapsing into my old corruptions, for want of examples to lead and

Korean carry: 이월하다, 나르다, 전하다, 수반 하다, 가게에 놓다, 배고 있다, 기르다 , 사정, 단번에 넘기다, 머리를 쳐들다 , 재정적 원조를 하다. decree: 법령, 포고하다, 포고, 명영, 정 하다, 명하다, 판결, 판결-명하다, 법 원의 명령, 신의, 법령을 포고하다. devoted: 헌신적인, 골몰하여, 저주받 은, 몸을 바친, 애정이 깊은, 열애하는 , 골몰하는, 헌납된. disobey: 듣지 않다, 반항하다, 불복종

하다, 좇지 않다. 전의, 삽시간의, 소멸, 통행, 통과하는 executed: 완성하는, 실행하는, 실시하 , 통과, 의안 따위의 통과, 사건 따위 는, 사형을 집행하는. 의 발생. exhortation: 권고, 권고의 말, 훈계, 간 strange: 생소한, 모르는, 이상한, 경험 곡한 권고. 이 없는, 익숙치 못한, 눈에 선, 타국 league: 동맹, 리그, 연맹, 맹약, 신성 의, 묘하게, 외국의, 묘한. 동맹, 동맹하다, 경기 연맹, 연맹 단체 unable: 할 수 없는, 무력한. , 야구 따위 경기 연맹, 연맹 참가자, wanting: 모자라는, 부족한, 지혜가 모 연맹 국가. 자라는, 이 없이. materials: 제재, 용구. passing: 통행하는, 합격의, 대충의, 목

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keep%me within the paths of virtue? that I knew too well upon what solid reasons all the determinations of the wise Houyhnhnms were founded, not to be shaken by arguments of mine, a miserable Yahoo; and therefore, after presenting him with my humble thanks for the offer of his servants’ assistance in making a vessel, and desiring a reasonable time for so difficult a work, I told him I would endeavour to preserve a wretched being; and if ever I returned to England, was not without hopes of being useful to my own species, by celebrating the praises of the renowned Houyhnhnms, and proposing their virtues to the imitation of mankind.” My master, in a few words, made me a very gracious reply; allowed me the space of two months to finish my boat; and ordered the sorrel nag, my fellowservant (for so, at this distance, I may presume to call him), to follow my instruction; because I told my master, “that his help would be sufficient, and I knew he had a tenderness for me.” In his company, my first business was to go to that part of the coast where my rebellious crew had ordered me to be set on shore. I got upon a height, and looking on every side into the sea; fancied I saw a small island toward the northeast. I took out my pocket glass, and could then clearly distinguish it above five leagues off, as I computed; but it appeared to the sorrel nag to be only a blue cloud: for as he had no conception of any country beside his own, so he could not be as expert in distinguishing remote objects at sea, as we who so much converse in that element. After I had discovered this island, I considered no further; but resolved it should if possible, be the first place of my banishment, leaving the consequence to fortune. I returned home, and consulting with the sorrel nag, we went into a copse at some distance, where I with my knife, and he with a sharp flint, fastened very artificially after their manner, to a wooden handle, cut down several oak wattles, about the thickness of a walking-staff, and some larger pieces. But I shall not trouble the reader with a particular description of my own mechanics; let it suffice to say, that in six weeks time with the help of the sorrel nag, who

Korean cloud: 구름, 흐림, 더럽히다, 구름 무 손잡이, 장사하다, 구실, 논하다, 처리 늬로 아로새기다, 구름으로 덮다, 흐 하다, 철저히, 지휘하다. 리다, 흐리게 하다, 애매하게 만들다, instruction: 교수, 명령, 교육, 지시, 훈 부드러운 스카프, 먼지, 어둠. 령, 교훈, 소송위임장, 지령, 지식, 가 copse: 잡목숲, 작은 관목 숲. 르침. distinguishing: 다른 것과 구별되는, oak: 떡갈나무, 오크나무, 오크의, 오크 구별이 있는, 특색 있는. 의 잎, 오크제의, 오크 재목의 제품. expert: 전문가, 숙련자, 숙달된, 노련 rebellious: 반항적인, 다루기 힘든, 반 한, 노련가, 기사, 감정인, 교묘한, 숙 항하는, 반역심이 있는, 반란하는, 모 련가, 숙련된. 반의, 힘에 부치는, 다루기 어려운, 낫 handle: 핸들, 자루, 기회, 대우하다, 기 힘든, 난치의, 모반하는.

reply: 대답하다, 대답, 반향하다, 응답 하다, 응전, 응전하다, 응하다, 회답, 대꾸하다, 항변하다, 응수. solid: 고체, 견실한, 입체의, 고체의, 사이가 좋은, 멋진, 완전한, 순수한, 속이 비지 않은, 연속된, 하이픈없이 된. thanks: 고마워요, 감사합니다, 고맙습 니다, 감사. wretched: 나쁜, 불운한, 지독한, 비참 한, 야비한, 아주 불쾌한, 서툰.

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performed the parts that required most labour, I finished a sort of Indian canoe, but much larger, covering it with the skins of Yahoos, well stitched together with hempen threads of my own making. My sail was likewise composed of the skins of the same animal; but I made use of the youngest I could get, the older being too tough and thick; and I likewise provided myself with four paddles. I laid in a stock of boiled flesh, of rabbits and fowls, and took with me two vessels, one filled with milk and the other with water.% I tried my canoe in a large pond, near my master’s house, and then corrected in it what was amiss; stopping all the chinks with Yahoos’ tallow, till I found it staunch, and able to bear me and my freight; and, when it was as complete as I could possibly make it, I had it drawn on a carriage very gently by Yahoos to the sea-side, under the conduct of the sorrel nag and another servant. When all was ready, and the day came for my departure, I took leave of my master and lady and the whole family, my eyes flowing with tears, and my heart quite sunk with grief. But his honour, out of curiosity, and, perhaps, (if I may speak without vanity,) partly out of kindness, was determined to see me in my canoe, and got several of his neighbouring friends to accompany him. I was forced to wait above an hour for the tide; and then observing the wind very fortunately bearing toward the island to which I intended to steer my course, I took a second leave of my master: but as I was going to prostrate myself to kiss his hoof, he did me the honour to raise it gently to my mouth. I am not ignorant how much I have been censured for mentioning this last particular. Detractors are pleased to think it improbable, that so illustrious a person should descend to give so great a mark of distinction to a creature so inferior as I. Neither have I forgotten how apt some travellers are to boast of extraordinary favours they have received. But, if these censurers were better acquainted with the noble and courteous disposition of the Houyhnhnms, they would soon change their opinion. I paid my respects to the rest of the Houyhnhnms in his honour’s company; then getting into my canoe, I pushed off from shore.

Korean amiss: 어긋나서, 잘못한, 형편이 나쁜, 고장난, 빗나가서, 수사납게, 이 적절 하지 않은, 잘못되어, 탈이 나서, 이 적질하지 않은. conduct: 행위, 지도, 수행하다, 지휘하 다, 이끌다, 품행, 안내하다, 행동하다 , 전도하다, 지휘, 교목. distinction: 특질, 구별, 차별, 명예, 탁 월, 쓸데없는 구별짓기, 특징, 차이, 저명, 유명해지다, 우수성. flowing: 흐르는, 유창한, 늘어진, 미끈

하게 머리, 물 흐르는 듯한, 미끈하게 kiss: 키스, 당과의 일종, 키스하다, 굴 처진, 조수가 밀려 들어오는, 넘치도 욕을 당하다, 가볍게 스치다, 접촉하 록 많은. 다, 에 키스하다, 에 가볍게 스치다, forgotten: 망각된. 가볍게 스치기. fortunately: 다행히도, 운좋게, 다행히 stopping: 정지, 중지, 메우개, 구두점 . 을 찍음, 멈추게 함, 멎는, 메워서 채 hempen: 대마의, 대마로 만든. 움, 손가락으로 선을 누름. improbable: 참말 같지 않은, 정말 같 tough: 강인한, 곤란한, 고된, 구부려도 지 않은, 일어날 듯하지 않은, 일어날 꺾이지 않는, 난폭한, 다루기 힘든, 괴 법하지 않은, 일어날 성싶지 않은, 있 로운, 차진, 믿어지지 않는, 혹심한, 을 성싶지 않은. 참고 견디다.

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[The author’s dangerous voyage. He arrives at New Holland, hoping to settle there. Is wounded with an arrow by one of the natives. Is seized and carried by force into a Portuguese ship. The great civilities of the captain. The author arrives at England.]

I began this desperate voyage on February 15, 1714-15, at nine o’clock in the morning. The wind was very favourable; however, I made use at first only of my paddles; but considering I should soon be weary, and that the wind might chop about, I ventured to set up my little sail; and thus, with the help of the tide, I went at the rate of a league and a half an hour, as near as I could guess. My master and his friends continued on the shore till I was almost out of sight; and I often heard the sorrel nag (who always loved me) crying out, “Hnuy illa nyha, majah Yahoo;” “Take care of thyself, gentle Yahoo.” My design was, if possible, to discover some small island uninhabited, yet sufficient, by my labour, to furnish me with the necessaries of life, which I would have thought a greater happiness, than to be first minister in the politest court of Europe; so horrible was the idea I conceived of returning to live in the society, and under the government of Yahoos. For in such a solitude as I desired, I could at least enjoy my own thoughts, and reflect with delight on the virtues of those

Korean carried: 운반된, 넋을 잃은, 황홀해진, design: 디자인, 설계, 계획하다, 줄거 황홀한, 제 정신을 잃은. 리, 으로 예정하다, 마음먹다, 도안을 chop: 상표, 입, 입구, 자르다, 턱, 찍다 만들다, 구상, 도안-도안을 만들다, , 절단, 품질, 갑자기 변하다, 잘라낸 도안, 계획. 조각, 음악적 재능. enjoy: 즐기다, 누리다, 향유하다, 건강 continued: 계속된, 연장된, 연속되고 , 성교하다, 즐겁게 시간을 보내다, 갖 있는, 계속하는, 존속하는, 존속시키 고 있다, 향수하다. 는, 연장하는, 계속하여 진술하는, 계 guess: 추측, 생각하다, 알아맞히다, 추 속시키는, 계속되는, 연기하는. 측하다, 직각하다, 라고 생각하다, 풀 crying: 외치는, 긴급한, 울부짖는, 심 어맞히다, 생각해맞히다, 추단하다, 한, 좌시할 수없는, 지독한. 어림 짐작으로 말하다.

hour: 시각, 시, 시간, 한시간, 영업시 간, 한 시간, 시과, 사기, 때, 근무 시 간, 계절의 여신들. settle: 해결하다, 진정시키다, 가라앉 다, 결정하다, 놓다, 식민하다, 자리잡 게 하다, 안정시키다, 주다, 결심하다, 이주하다. solitude: 고독, 쓸쓸한 곳, 독거, 외딴 곳, 황야. wounded: 부상한, 상처입은, 부상자 들.

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inimitable Houyhnhnms, without an opportunity of degenerating into the vices and corruptions of my own species.% The reader may remember what I related, when my crew conspired against me, and confined me to my cabin; how I continued there several weeks without knowing what course we took; and when I was put ashore in the long-boat, how the sailors told me, with oaths, whether true or false, “that they knew not in what part of the world we were.” However, I did then believe us to be about 10 degrees southward of the Cape of Good Hope, or about 45 degrees southern latitude, as I gathered from some general words I overheard among them, being I supposed to the south-east in their intended voyage to Madagascar. And although this were little better than conjecture, yet I resolved to steer my course eastward, hoping to reach the south-west coast of New Holland, and perhaps some such island as I desired lying westward of it. The wind was full west, and by six in the evening I computed I had gone eastward at least eighteen leagues; when I spied a very small island about half a league off, which I soon reached. It was nothing but a rock, with one creek naturally arched by the force of tempests. Here I put in my canoe, and climbing a part of the rock, I could plainly discover land to the east, extending from south to north. I lay all night in my canoe; and repeating my voyage early in the morning, I arrived in seven hours to the southeast point of New Holland. This confirmed me in the opinion I have long entertained, that the maps and charts place this country at least three degrees more to the east than it really is; which thought I communicated many years ago to my worthy friend, Mr. Herman Moll, and gave him my reasons for it, although he has rather chosen to follow other authors. I saw no inhabitants in the place where I landed, and being unarmed, I was afraid of venturing far into the country. I found some shellfish on the shore, and ate them raw, not daring to kindle a fire, for fear of being discovered by the natives. I continued three days feeding on oysters and limpets, to save my own provisions; and I fortunately found a brook of excellent water, which gave me great relief.

Korean afraid: 두려워하여, 근심하여, 걱정하 여, 유감으로 생각하다, 염려하여, 싫 어하여. chosen: 선발된, 좋아하는, 뽑힌, 선택 한, 선택된, 신에게 선택된, 신에게 뽑 힌. climbing: 기어오르는, 등산, 상승하는 , 기어 오름, 등산용의, 등산용의 기어 오름, 기어오름. daring: 겁이 없는, 대담무쌍한, 대담 한, 모험적인 기상, 모험적인 용기.

opportunity: 기회. 으다, 구해내다, 절약하다, 건지다, 면 raw: 껍질이 벗겨진, 가공하지 않은, 케하다, 은 도로 치고, 저장, 지키다. 미숙한, 날것의, 노골적인, 물타지 않 shellfish: 조개, 갑각 동물, 갑각류. 은, 가공하지 않은 것, 생것, 원료 그 southern: 남쪽의, 남주 제주의, 남쪽 대로의, 버릇없는 사람, 심한. 에 있는, 남쪽으로의, 남국의 사람, 남 reached: 뇌물을 먹은, 매수 당한, 부패 부 사투리, 남부 사투리의, 남부 여러 한. 주의, 남부 지방 사투리, 남부 지방 사 relief: 교체, 제거, 기분 전환, 구조, 돋 투리의, 남부의. 을새김, 고저, 경감, 탁월, 기복, 부조, unarmed: 무장하지 않은, 무기가 없는 소창. , 방호 기관이 없는, 무기를 지니지 않 save: 오래가다, 을 제외하고, 덜다, 모 은, 무기를 갖지 않은.

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On the fourth day, venturing out early a little too far, I saw twenty or thirty natives upon a height not above five hundred yards from me. They were stark naked, men, women, and children, round a fire, as I could discover by the smoke. One of them spied me, and gave notice to the rest; five of them advanced toward me, leaving the women and children at the fire. I made what haste I could to the shore, and, getting into my canoe, shoved off: the savages, observing me retreat, ran after me: and before I could get far enough into the sea, discharged an arrow which wounded me deeply on the inside of my left knee: I shall carry the mark to my grave. I apprehended the arrow might be poisoned, and paddling out of the reach of their darts (being a calm day), I made a shift to suck the wound, and dress it as well as I could.% I was at a loss what to do, for I durst not return to the same landing-place, but stood to the north, and was forced to paddle, for the wind, though very gentle, was against me, blowing north-west. As I was looking about for a secure landing-place, I saw a sail to the north-north-east, which appearing every minute more visible, I was in some doubt whether I should wait for them or not; but at last my detestation of the Yahoo race prevailed: and turning my canoe, I sailed and paddled together to the south, and got into the same creek whence I set out in the morning, choosing rather to trust myself among these barbarians, than live with European Yahoos. I drew up my canoe as close as I could to the shore, and hid myself behind a stone by the little brook, which, as I have already said, was excellent water. The ship came within half a league of this creek, and sent her long boat with vessels to take in fresh water (for the place, it seems, was very well known); but I did not observe it, till the boat was almost on shore; and it was too late to seek another hiding-place. The seamen at their landing observed my canoe, and rummaging it all over, easily conjectured that the owner could not be far off. Four of them, well armed, searched every cranny and lurking-hole, till at last they found me flat on my face behind the stone. They gazed awhile in admiration at my strange uncouth dress; my coat made of skins, my woodensoled shoes, and my furred stockings; whence, however, they concluded, I was

Korean blowing: 취입 성형, 재즈 연주, 분출 하는 소리. boat: 보트, 기선, 나르다, 배에 싣다, 배 모양의 그릇-배로 가다, 배, 배에 태우다, 보트를 타다, 자동차, 배 모양 의 그릇. cranny: 갈라진 틈, 깨어진 틈. deeply: 철저히, 짙게, 깊이, 굵고 낮게 , 대단히, 심각하게, 교묘히. flat: 노골적인, 맛없는, 김빠진, 광택없 는, 단조로운, 편평한, 불경기의, 납작

한, 납죽엎드린, 공기가빠진, 평평하 한 것, 노를한번 저음, 노, 한번 저음, 게. 찰싹 때리다, 기선 따위의 외륜, 보트 furred: 부드러운 털로 덮인, 털가죽을 를 노로 젓다. 붙인, 털가죽을 붙인. ran: 란. hiding-place: 은신처. smoke: 얼굴을 붉히다, 궐련, 김이 나 knee: 무릎, 무릎으로 대다, 무릎모양 다, 그을리다, 대마초를 피우다, 잘 타 의 것, 무릎 모양의 것, 무릎으로 건드 지 않고 내다, 흑인, 훈제로 하다, 덧 리다, 무릎 모양의 물건. 없는 것, 여송연, 연기. landing-place: 상륙장. uncouth: 거친, 서투른, 예의를 모르는 paddle: 방망이로 치다, 아장 아장 걷 , 무무한, 인적이 드문, 세련되지 않은 다, 철벙 거리다, 물장난하다, 노 비슷 .

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not a native of the place, who all go naked. One of the seamen, in Portuguese, bid me rise, and asked who I was. I understood that language very well, and getting upon my feet, said, “I was a poor Yahoo banished from the Houyhnhnms, and desired they would please to let me depart.” They admired to hear me answer them in their own tongue, and saw by my complexion I must be a European; but were at a loss to know what I meant by Yahoos and Houyhnhnms; and at the same time fell a-laughing at my strange tone in speaking, which resembled the neighing of a horse. I trembled all the while betwixt fear and hatred. I again desired leave to depart, and was gently moving to my canoe; but they laid hold of me, desiring to know, “what country I was of? whence I came?” with many other questions. I told them “I was born in England, whence I came about five years ago, and then their country and ours were at peace. I therefore hoped they would not treat me as an enemy, since I meant them no harm, but was a poor Yahoo seeking some desolate place where to pass the remainder of his unfortunate life.”% When they began to talk, I thought I never heard or saw any thing more unnatural; for it appeared to me as monstrous as if a dog or a cow should speak in England, or a Yahoo in Houyhnhnmland. The honest Portuguese were equally amazed at my strange dress, and the odd manner of delivering my words, which, however, they understood very well. They spoke to me with great humanity, and said, “they were sure the captain would carry me gratis to Lisbon, whence I might return to my own country; that two of the seamen would go back to the ship, inform the captain of what they had seen, and receive his orders; in the mean time, unless I would give my solemn oath not to fly, they would secure me by force. I thought it best to comply with their proposal. They were very curious to know my story, but I gave them very little satisfaction, and they all conjectured that my misfortunes had impaired my reason. In two hours the boat, which went laden with vessels of water, returned, with the captain’s command to fetch me on board. I fell on my knees to preserve my liberty; but all was in vain; and the men, having tied me with cords, heaved me into the boat, whence I was taken into the ship, and thence into the captain’s cabin.

Korean ago: 전에, 지금부터 전에, 현재를 기준 으로 과거를 가르키는 표현. bid: 말하다, 입찰하다, 명하다, 입찰하 다-값을 매기다, 입찰하다-부른값, 초대하다, 값을 다루다, 값매기다, 공 고하다-값을 매기다, 노력하다, 매기 다. dog: 수컷, 개, 수캐, 겉꾸밈, 과시, 망 나니, 허세, 쓸모없는 인간, 큰 개자리 , 발, 바다표범. equally: 평등하게, 그와 동시에, 균일

하게, 동등하게, 그럼에도 불구하고, 상한. 같게, 똑같게. peace: 평화, 강화, 안심, 사이좋게, 조 gratis: 무료로. 용히, 친안, 평온한, 평화로운, 치안, harm: 해, 손해, 된서리 맞다, 해악, 손 평온, 조용함. 상, 상해, 해치다. spoke: 살, 에 살을 달다, 가로장, 바퀴 moving: 움직이는, 동기가 되는, 원동 멈추개, 타륜의 손잡이, 제륜자, 제동 력의, 감동시키는, 움직이게 하는, 움 자로 바퀴를 멈추다, 단목, 스포우크, 직임. 살을 달다. odd: 여분의, 나머지의, 임시의, 짝이 tone: 어조, 색조, 가락을 붙이다, 음질, 맞지 않게, 묘한, 괴상하게, 은혜, 홀 품격, 가락, 가락이 붙다, 강하게 하다 수의, 한쪽의, 장소 따위 동떨어진, 이 , 호조, 논조, 조화시키다.

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His name was Pedro de Mendez; he was a very courteous and generous person. He entreated me to give some account of myself, and desired to know what I would eat or drink; said, “I should be used as well as himself;” and spoke so many obliging things, that I wondered to find such civilities from a Yahoo. However, I remained silent and sullen; I was ready to faint at the very smell of him and his men. At last I desired something to eat out of my own canoe; but he ordered me a chicken, and some excellent wine, and then directed that I should be put to bed in a very clean cabin. I would not undress myself, but lay on the bed-clothes, and in half an hour stole out, when I thought the crew was at dinner, and getting to the side of the ship, was going to leap into the sea, and swim for my life, rather than continue among Yahoos. But one of the seamen prevented me, and having informed the captain, I was chained to my cabin.% After dinner, Don Pedro came to me, and desired to know my reason for so desperate an attempt; assured me, “he only meant to do me all the service he was able;” and spoke so very movingly, that at last I descended to treat him like an animal which had some little portion of reason. I gave him a very short relation of my voyage; of the conspiracy against me by my own men; of the country where they set me on shore, and of my five years residence there. All which he looked upon as if it were a dream or a vision; whereat I took great offence; for I had quite forgot the faculty of lying, so peculiar to Yahoos, in all countries where they preside, and, consequently, their disposition of suspecting truth in others of their own species. I asked him, “whether it were the custom in his country to say the thing which was not?” I assured him, “I had almost forgot what he meant by falsehood, and if I had lived a thousand years in Houyhnhnmland, I should never have heard a lie from the meanest servant; that I was altogether indifferent whether he believed me or not; but, however, in return for his favours, I would give so much allowance to the corruption of his nature, as to answer any objection he would please to make, and then he might easily discover the truth.” The captain, a wise man, after many endeavours to catch me tripping in some part of my story, at last began to have a better opinion of my veracity. But he added, “that since I professed so inviolable an attachment to truth, I must give

Korean attachment: 부착, 애착, 붙임, 부착물, 압류. chicken: 병아리, 닭, 어린애, 닭고기, 닭고기의, 겁 많은, 겁쟁이, 새새끼, 어린애의, 거짓말, 계집애. clean: 완전한, 청결한, 깨끗한, 청소하 다, 결백한, 깨끗해지다, 흠없는, 순결 한, 새로운, 아주, 순수한. inviolable: 불가침의, 신성한, 침범할 수 없는, 범할수 없는. movingly: 감동적으로.

objection: 반대, 이의, 반대 이유, 싫은 , 혐오, 난점. preside: 사회하다, 의장이 되다, 통솔 하다, 주인 노릇을 하다, 통할하다, 우 두머리가 되다. silent: 조용한, 활동하지 않는, 묵음의, 무언의, 무언으로, 침묵하는, 조용히, 잠자코, 익명의, 침묵을 지키는, 소식 이 없는. smell: 냄새, 의 냄새가 나다, 후각, 낌 새, 냄새 맡음, 냄새맡고 다니다, 악취

가 나다, 알아채다, 냄새맡다, 맡아내 다, 냄새가 나다. stole: 여자용 어깨 걸이, 영대, 스톨, 길고 헐거운 겉옷, 주부용 외투. sullen: 음산한, 찌무룩한, 지르퉁한, 찌푸린 얼굴, 육중한, 실쭉한. tripping: 경쾌한, 경쾌하게 빨리 걷는, 보행 자세를 취한, 비틀거리는. vision: 시력, 환상, 시각, 상상력, 환영 , 허깨비, 광경, 아름다운 사람, 예언 력, 유령, 봄.

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him my word and honour to bear him company in this voyage, without attempting any thing against my life; or else he would continue me a prisoner till we arrived at Lisbon.” I gave him the promise he required; but at the same time protested, “that I would suffer the greatest hardships, rather than return to live among Yahoos.” Our voyage passed without any considerable accident. In gratitude to the captain, I sometimes sat with him, at his earnest request, and strove to conceal my antipathy against human kind, although it often broke out; which he suffered to pass without observation. But the greatest part of the day I confined myself to my cabin, to avoid seeing any of the crew. The captain had often entreated me to strip myself of my savage dress, and offered to lend me the best suit of clothes he had. This I would not be prevailed on to accept, abhorring to cover myself with any thing that had been on the back of a Yahoo. I only desired he would lend me two clean shirts, which, having been washed since he wore them, I believed would not so much defile me. These I changed every second day, and washed them myself.% We arrived at Lisbon, Nov. 5, 1715. At our landing, the captain forced me to cover myself with his cloak, to prevent the rabble from crowding about me. I was conveyed to his own house; and at my earnest request he led me up to the highest room backwards. I conjured him “to conceal from all persons what I had told him of the Houyhnhnms; because the least hint of such a story would not only draw numbers of people to see me, but probably put me in danger of being imprisoned, or burnt by the Inquisition.” The captain persuaded me to accept a suit of clothes newly made; but I would not suffer the tailor to take my measure; however, Don Pedro being almost of my size, they fitted me well enough. He accoutred me with other necessaries, all new, which I aired for twenty-four hours before I would use them. The captain had no wife, nor above three servants, none of which were suffered to attend at meals; and his whole deportment was so obliging, added to very good human understanding, that I really began to tolerate his company. He gained so far upon me, that I ventured to look out of the back window. By

Korean accident: 사고, 재난, 우연히 일어난 일, 지형의 기복, 우연, 우유성, 부수 적인 성질, 부수적인 사태. broke: 무일푼의, 파산하여. cloak: 외투를 입히다, 망토, 구실, 가 면, 뒤덮다, 가리는 것, 덮어 가리다, 외투, 은폐하다, 소매없는 외투, 소매 없는 외투. defile: 더럽히다, 종대로 행진하다, 종 대로 시키다, 애로. earnest: 진지한, 열심인, 진지, 진심,

중대한, 정식, 성실한, 성실, 엄숙한성실, 엄숙한, 계약금. measure: 법안, 치수, 운율, 한도, 측정 , 측량, 척도, 수단, 크기, 박자, 표준. newly: 다시, 새로이, 최근에, 요즈음, 최근. prevent: 예방하다, 방해하다, 일어나 지 않게 하다, 방해하여, 막다, 에 앞 서서 처리하다. request: 수요, 요구, 간청, 요청하다, 바라다, 청구물, 요청, 소원, 의뢰, 청

원서, 청구. required: 필수의. seeing: 이므로, 인 사실을 생각하면, 봄. suit: 형편이 좋다, 청원, 소송, 한 벌, 적합하다, 탄원, 구애, 적합하게 하다, 에 어울리다, 남하는 대로 하다, 의 마 음에 들다. tolerate: 참다, 견디다, 관대히 다루다, 묵인하다, 내성이 있다, 관대하게 다 루다.

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degrees I was brought into another room, whence I peeped into the street, but drew my head back in a fright. In a week’s time he seduced me down to the door. I found my terror gradually lessened, but my hatred and contempt seemed to increase. I was at last bold enough to walk the street in his company, but kept my nose well stopped with rue, or sometimes with tobacco.% In ten days, Don Pedro, to whom I had given some account of my domestic affairs, put it upon me, as a matter of honour and conscience, “that I ought to return to my native country, and live at home with my wife and children.” He told me, “there was an English ship in the port just ready to sail, and he would furnish me with all things necessary.” It would be tedious to repeat his arguments, and my contradictions. He said, “it was altogether impossible to find such a solitary island as I desired to live in; but I might command in my own house, and pass my time in a manner as recluse as I pleased.” I complied at last, finding I could not do better. I left Lisbon the 24th day of November, in an English merchantman, but who was the master I never inquired. Don Pedro accompanied me to the ship, and lent me twenty pounds. He took kind leave of me, and embraced me at parting, which I bore as well as I could. During this last voyage I had no commerce with the master or any of his men; but, pretending I was sick, kept close in my cabin. On the fifth of December, 1715, we cast anchor in the Downs, about nine in the morning, and at three in the afternoon I got safe to my house at Rotherhith. My wife and family received me with great surprise and joy, because they concluded me certainly dead; but I must freely confess the sight of them filled me only with hatred, disgust, and contempt; and the more, by reflecting on the near alliance I had to them. For although, since my unfortunate exile from the Houyhnhnm country, I had compelled myself to tolerate the sight of Yahoos, and to converse with Don Pedro de Mendez, yet my memory and imagination were perpetually filled with the virtues and ideas of those exalted Houyhnhnms. And when I began to consider that, by copulating with one of the Yahoo species I had become a parent of more, it struck me with the utmost shame, confusion, and horror.

Korean confusion: 당황, 혼동, 혼란, 혼미, 지 리멸렬, 뒤죽박죽, 착란, 난잡. don: 입다, 명사, 걸치다, 능수꾼, 스페 인 신사, 돈 강, 대학교의 학장, 님, 남 자 이름, 남자이름. exile: 추방인, 추방하다, 망명, 유형에 처하다, 유형자, 유랑자, 망명자, 유형 , 국외추방, 유형수, 추방. fifth: 다섯분의 1, 제 5, 제 오의, 제 오 번째의, 다섯번째의 사람, 다섯분의 한갤런, 다섯분의 하나 의, 오 등품,

오도 음정, 다섯번째의 것, 제오. recluse: 은둔한, 쓸쓸한, 외로운, 운둔 gradually: 차차, 차례로, 차츰, 단계적 자, 세상을 버린 사람, 속세를 떠난 사 으로, 점차로. 람. memory: 추억, 기억, 기념, 기억력, 죽 rue: 후회하다, 슬퍼하다, 비탄, 후회, 은 뒤의 명성, 영, 기억의 범위, 개인 유감으로 여기다, 회오, 연민, 뉘우치 의 기억력, 메모리, 사후의 명성, 기억 다, 운향, 한탄하다, 안했더라면 하고 의 시간적범위. 여기다. parent: 조상, 모체, 근원, 어미, 어버이 surprise: 기습, 놀람, 놀라게 하다, 불 , 원인, 부모, 부모의, 원인이 되는 것. 시의 공격, 불시에 습격하다, 현행 중 received: 용인된, 받아들여진, 일반적 에 붙잡다, 놀라운 일, 뜻밖의, 시키다 으로 인정된, 믿어지고 있는. , 불시에 쳐서, 놀라운 사건.

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As soon as I entered the house, my wife took me in her arms, and kissed me; at which, having not been used to the touch of that odious animal for so many years, I fell into a swoon for almost an hour. At the time I am writing, it is five years since my last return to England. During the first year, I could not endure my wife or children in my presence; the very smell of them was intolerable; much less could I suffer them to eat in the same room. To this hour they dare not presume to touch my bread, or drink out of the same cup, neither was I ever able to let one of them take me by the hand. The first money I laid out was to buy two young stone-horses, which I keep in a good stable; and next to them, the groom is my greatest favourite, for I feel my spirits revived by the smell he contracts in the stable. My horses understand me tolerably well; I converse with them at least four hours every day. They are strangers to bridle or saddle; they live in great amity with me and friendship to each other.%

Korean arms: 무기, 팔, 힘, 전투 무장시키다, drink: 마시다, 흡수하다, 취하다, 술에 권력, 앞다리, 문장, 군사. 소비하다, 술에소비하다, 음료를 마시 buy: 사다, 매수하다, 선전에 넘어가 다, 큰 강, 한 모금, 술을 많이 마시다, 다-구입, 의견을 받아들이다, 에게 전 을 위해 축배를 들다, 음주. 화를 걸다, 손에 넣다, 한턱내다, 물건 eat: 먹다, 먹어 들어가다, 침식하다, 파 사기-윙윙 거리다, 받아들이다, 사기, 괴하다, 먹을 수 있다, 먹이 들어가다, 돈을 살 수 있다. 식사하다, 슬픔에 잠기다, 부식하다, cup: 찻종, 컵에 넣다, 술, 운명의 잔, 파괴하다-식사하다, 먹을수있다. 잔, 잔 모양으로 만들다, 찻종 한 잔, fell: 벌채, 공그르기, 쳐서 넘어 뜨리다 컵, 땅바닥을 훑다, 흡각으로 피를 빨 , 내리다, 내려가다, 드리워지다, 쓰러 아내다, 꽃받침. 지다, 수피, 새어 나오다, 넘어가다,

다가오다. intolerable: 견딜 수 없는, 과도한, 참 을수 없는, 애타는, 약오르는. neither: 도 않고, 그것은 관계없는 일 이다, 도 아니고, 또한 ...도 않다. touch: 촉감, 가벼운 병, 기항하다, 언 급하다, 가필하다, 감동시키다, 접촉, 촉진, 대다, 접촉하다, 만지다. writing: 문서, 필적, 습자, 저술, 씀, 문 자로 쓰는, 저작, 쓴 것, 쓰기, 집필, 글을 쓰기.

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%XII

[The author’s veracity. His design in publishing this work. His censure of those travellers who swerve from the truth. The author clears himself from any sinister ends in writing. An objection answered. The method of planting colonies. His native country commended. The right of the crown to those countries described by the author is justified. The difficulty of conquering them. The author takes his last leave of the reader; proposes his manner of living for the future; gives good advice, and concludes.]

Thus, gentle reader, I have given thee a faithful history of my travels for sixteen years and above seven months: wherein I have not been so studious of ornament as of truth. I could, perhaps, like others, have astonished thee with strange improbable tales; but I rather chose to relate plain matter of fact, in the simplest manner and style; because my principal design was to inform, and not to amuse thee. It is easy for us who travel into remote countries, which are seldom visited by Englishmen or other Europeans, to form descriptions of wonderful animals both at sea and land. Whereas a traveller’s chief aim should be to make men wiser and better, and to improve their minds by the bad, as well as good, example of what they deliver concerning foreign places.

Korean advice: 조언, 통지, 충고, 의견. 보고, 의견, 보고, 안내. aim: 겨누다, 노리다, 뜻하다, 목표로 하다, 할 작정이다, 겨냥, 겨냥하다, 목적, 목표 삼다, 빗대어 말하다. conquering: 정복하는. crown: 왕관, 화관, 영관, 관을 씌우다, 금관을 씌우다, 꼭대기, 왕관표, 절정, 의 최후를 장식하다, 의 머리를 때리 다, 의 꼭대기에 올려 놓다. living: 생계, 현존의, 생활, 생활에 관

한, 목사의 수입, 살림, 살아있는, 현 대의, 활기있는, 흐르고 있는, 자연그 대로의. method: 방법, 순서, 방식, 질서, 체계, 메서드. planting: 심기, 파종, 식수 조림, 기초 밑층, 재배. publishing: 출판업, 출판업의, 출판, 출판의. swerve: 빗나감, 빗나가다, 벗어남, 바 른 길에서 벗어나다, 빗나가게 하다,

곡구, 바른길에서 벗어나다. tales: 보결 배심원, 보결 배심원 소집 영장, 탈러. thee: 너를, 너에게. travel: 여행하다, 움직이다, 여행, 을 걷다, 을 여행하다, 지나가다, 미치다, 팔고다니다, 이동하다, 여행기, 기행. whereas: 그런데, 그러나, 을 고려하면 , 이에 반하여, 인 까닭에, 이므로, 에 반하여.

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I could heartily wish a law was enacted, that every traveller, before he were permitted to publish his voyages, should be obliged to make oath before the Lord High Chancellor, that all he intended to print was absolutely true to the best of his knowledge; for then the world would no longer be deceived, as it usually is, while some writers, to make their works pass the better upon the public, impose the grossest falsities on the unwary reader. I have perused several books of travels with great delight in my younger days; but having since gone over most parts of the globe, and been able to contradict many fabulous accounts from my own observation, it has given me a great disgust against this part of reading, and some indignation to see the credulity of mankind so impudently abused. Therefore, since my acquaintance were pleased to think my poor endeavours might not be unacceptable to my country, I imposed on myself, as a maxim never to be swerved from, that I would strictly adhere to truth; neither indeed can I be ever under the least temptation to vary from it, while I retain in my mind the lectures and example of my noble master and the other illustrious Houyhnhnms of whom I had so long the honour to be an humble hearer.% —Nec si miserum Fortuna Sinonem Finxit, vanum etiam, mendacemque improba finget. I know very well, how little reputation is to be got by writings which require neither genius nor learning, nor indeed any other talent, except a good memory, or an exact journal. I know likewise, that writers of travels, like dictionarymakers, are sunk into oblivion by the weight and bulk of those who come last, and therefore lie uppermost. And it is highly probable, that such travellers, who shall hereafter visit the countries described in this work of mine, may, by detecting my errors (if there be any), and adding many new discoveries of their own, justle me out of vogue, and stand in my place, making the world forget that ever I was an author. This indeed would be too great a mortification, if I wrote for fame: but as my sole intention was the public good, I cannot be altogether disappointed. For who can read of the virtues I have mentioned in the glorious

Korean books: 책. contradict: 모순되다, 부정하다, 반박 하다, 반대하다, 부인하다. credulity: 고지식함, 믿기 쉬움, 경신, 쉽게 믿음. fabulous: 전설적인, 믿어지지 않는, 전설상의, 굉장한, 매우 훌륭한, 비사 실적인, 우화적인, 믿기 어려운, 터무 니 없는, 거짓말 같은. impose: 강요하다, 속이다, 과하다, 정 판하다, 떠맡기다, 부과하다, 지우다,

속여서 사게하다, 안기다, 안수하다, 에 편승하다 편승하다. knowledge: 지식, 학식, 이해, 학문, 견문, 인식, 인생 따위의 경험, 경험. oblivion: 망각, 잊기쉬움, 잊기. print: 판화, 인화하다, 인쇄하다, 인쇄, 활자체로 쓰다, 출판하다, 모형, 간행 하다, 자국, 흔적, 해서. retain: 보유하다, 간직하다, 고용하다, 존속시키다, 유지하다, 종자, 잊지 않 고 있다, 부하, 보지하다, 마음에 간직

하다, 기억하고 있다. si: 시. temptation: 유혹, 광야의 시험, 유혹 물. unacceptable: 받아들이기 어려운, 마 음에 들지 않는, 마음에 안드는, 용납 하기어려운, 용인할 수 없는, 환영하 기 어려운. unwary: 경솔한, 부주의한, 조심성 없 는. works: 공장.

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Houyhnhnms, without being ashamed of his own vices, when he considers himself as the reasoning, governing animal of his country? I shall say nothing of those remote nations where Yahoos preside; among which the least corrupted are the Brobdingnagians; whose wise maxims in morality and government it would be our happiness to observe. But I forbear descanting further, and rather leave the judicious reader to his own remarks and application.% I am not a little pleased that this work of mine can possibly meet with no censurers: for what objections can be made against a writer, who relates only plain facts, that happened in such distant countries, where we have not the least interest, with respect either to trade or negotiations? I have carefully avoided every fault with which common writers of travels are often too justly charged. Besides, I meddle not the least with any party, but write without passion, prejudice, or ill-will against any man, or number of men, whatsoever. I write for the noblest end, to inform and instruct mankind; over whom I may, without breach of modesty, pretend to some superiority, from the advantages I received by conversing so long among the most accomplished Houyhnhnms. I write without any view to profit or praise. I never suffer a word to pass that may look like reflection, or possibly give the least offence, even to those who are most ready to take it. So that I hope I may with justice pronounce myself an author perfectly blameless; against whom the tribes of Answerers, Considerers, Observers, Reflectors, Detectors, Remarkers, will never be able to find matter for exercising their talents. I confess, it was whispered to me, “that I was bound in duty, as a subject of England, to have given in a memorial to a secretary of state at my first coming over; because, whatever lands are discovered by a subject belong to the crown.” But I doubt whether our conquests in the countries I treat of would be as easy as those of Ferdinando Cortez over the naked Americans. The Lilliputians, I think, are hardly worth the charge of a fleet and army to reduce them; and I question whether it might be prudent or safe to attempt the Brobdingnagians; or whether an English army would be much at their ease with the Flying Island over their heads. The Houyhnhnms indeed appear not to be so well prepared for war, a

Korean accomplished: 성취된, 뛰어난, 교양이 있는, 능란한, 세련된, 조예가 깊은, 기정의, 완료된, 완성된. blameless: 나무랄만한, 비난할 점이 없는. breach: 위반, 절교, 파기, 깨뜨리다, 깨 뜨림, 갈라진 틈, 부서지는 파도, 물 위로 뛰어 오름, 어기다. doubt: 의심, 의심하다, 의심스러움, 의문, 의문-의심하다, 의혹을 품다, 불확실함, 염려하다.

heads: 머릿 수. meddle: 주물럭거리다, 참견하다, 만 지작거리다, 공연히 만지작거리다, 간 섭하다. memorial: 기념하는, 추도의 기억의, 기념의, 각서, 기억의, 기념물, 청원서 . mine: 광산, 풍부한 자원, 지뢰, 나의 것, 기뢰, 나의 가족들 광산, 철광, 보 고, 광갱, 비밀수단으로 파괴하다, 비 밀수단으로 뒤엎다.

prejudice: 편견, 해치다, 손해, 비뚤어 진 생각, 불리-편견을 갖게 하다, 손 상시키다해치다, 침해, 이익 따위를 해치다, 에 편견을 가지게 하다, 권리 따위를 해치다. profit: 이윤, 남다, 벌이, 이익, 이익을 얻다, 득, 금전상의 벌이, 이익이 되다 , 의 이익이 되다. superiority: 우월, 우세. writer: 쓰는 사람, 필자, 작가, 저자, 작문 자습서, 필기자, 사자기.

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science to which they are perfect strangers, and especially against missive weapons. However, supposing myself to be a minister of state, I could never give my advice for invading them. Their prudence, unanimity, unacquaintedness with fear, and their love of their country, would amply supply all defects in the military art. Imagine twenty thousand of them breaking into the midst of an European army, confounding the ranks, overturning the carriages, battering the warriors’ faces into mummy by terrible yerks from their hinder hoofs; for they would well deserve the character given to Augustus, Recalcitrat undique tutus. But, instead of proposals for conquering that magnanimous nation, I rather wish they were in a capacity, or disposition, to send a sufficient number of their inhabitants for civilizing Europe, by teaching us the first principles of honour, justice, truth, temperance, public spirit, fortitude, chastity, friendship, benevolence, and fidelity. The names of all which virtues are still retained among us in most languages, and are to be met with in modern, as well as ancient authors; which I am able to assert from my own small reading.% But I had another reason, which made me less forward to enlarge his majesty’s dominions by my discoveries. To say the truth, I had conceived a few scruples with relation to the distributive justice of princes upon those occasions. For instance, a crew of pirates are driven by a storm they know not whither; at length a boy discovers land from the topmast; they go on shore to rob and plunder, they see a harmless people, are entertained with kindness; they give the country a new name; they take formal possession of it for their king; they set up a rotten plank, or a stone, for a memorial; they murder two or three dozen of the natives, bring away a couple more, by force, for a sample; return home, and get their pardon. Here commences a new dominion acquired with a title by divine right. Ships are sent with the first opportunity; the natives driven out or destroyed; their princes tortured to discover their gold; a free license given to all acts of inhumanity and lust, the earth reeking with the blood of its inhabitants: and this execrable crew of butchers, employed in so pious an expedition, is a modern colony, sent to convert and civilize an idolatrous and barbarous people!

Korean breaking: 단선, 파괴, 길들이기, 음의 분열, 조교. colony: 식민지, 거류지, 거류민, 식민, 군거지, 이민단, 군체, 화석군, 콜로니 , 집단거주지, 조계. convert: 횡령하다, 개종자, 바꾸다, 추 가 득점을 하다, 추가 득점이 되다, 차 환하다, 전환하다, 변화하다, 변하게 하다, 개심시키다, 개심자. distributive: 배분적인, 분배의, 배포 의, 배분사, 분배에 관한, 확충적인,

주연적인. 인한것, 잔학, 몰인정한 행위, 냉혹. divine: 비범한, 신성한, 신의, 종교적 missive: 편지, 공식서한. 인, 성직자, 예언하다, 신성의, 신수의 plank: 두꺼운 판자, 즉시 지불하다, , 알아채다, 점치다, 신학자. 밑에 놓다, 판자위에서 구운 채 내놓 expedition: 원정, 급속, 탐험대, 신속, 다, 정강의 조항-판자를 깔다, 의지가 여행. 되는 것, 정당의 강령 항목, 즉석에서 fortitude: 용기, 꿋꿋함, 불굴의 정신, 지불하다, 당장지불하다, 에 널빤지를 불굴의정신. 깔다, 강령 항목. idolatrous: 우상 숭배적인, 우상 숭배 rotten: 약한, 썩은, 부패한, 부서지기 의. 쉬운, 타락한, 더러운, 취약한, 나쁜, inhumanity: 몰인정, 무자비, 잔인, 잔 태도가 나쁜, 궂은, 축축한.

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But this description, I confess, does by no means affect the British nation, who may be an example to the whole world for their wisdom, care, and justice in planting colonies; their liberal endowments for the advancement of religion and learning; their choice of devout and able pastors to propagate Christianity; their caution in stocking their provinces with people of sober lives and conversations from this the mother kingdom; their strict regard to the distribution of justice, in supplying the civil administration through all their colonies with officers of the greatest abilities, utter strangers to corruption; and, to crown all, by sending the most vigilant and virtuous governors, who have no other views than the happiness of the people over whom they preside, and the honour of the king their master.% But as those countries which I have described do not appear to have any desire of being conquered and enslaved, murdered or driven out by colonies, nor abound either in gold, silver, sugar, or tobacco, I did humbly conceive, they were by no means proper objects of our zeal, our valour, or our interest. However, if those whom it more concerns think fit to be of another opinion, I am ready to depose, when I shall be lawfully called, that no European did ever visit those countries before me. I mean, if the inhabitants ought to be believed, unless a dispute may arise concerning the two Yahoos, said to have been seen many years ago upon a mountain in Houyhnhnmland. But, as to the formality of taking possession in my sovereign’s name, it never came once into my thoughts; and if it had, yet, as my affairs then stood, I should perhaps, in point of prudence and self-preservation, have put it off to a better opportunity. Having thus answered the only objection that can ever be raised against me as a traveller, I here take a final leave of all my courteous readers, and return to enjoy my own speculations in my little garden at Redriff; to apply those excellent lessons of virtue which I learned among the Houyhnhnms; to instruct the Yahoos of my own family, is far as I shall find them docible animals; to behold my figure often in a glass, and thus, if possible, habituate myself by time to tolerate the sight of a human creature; to lament the brutality to Houyhnhnms in my own

Korean advancement: 승진, 전진, 선불, 진보, 발달, 발전, 진출, 출세, 촉진, 증진. affect: 감동시키다, 침범하다, 영향하 다, 좋아하다, 체 하다, 작용하다, 정 서, 즐겨 사용하다, 체하다, 에 영향을 미치다, 정태. conquered: 패자, 피정복자. depose: 폐하다, 증언하다, 면직시키다 , 물러나게 하다, 선서 증언하다. devout: 성실한, 열심인, 경건한, 독실 한 신자들, 마음에서 우러나는, 믿음

이 깊은. dispute: 논쟁, 논쟁하다, 분쟁, 싸우다 , 다투다, 의론하다, 의논하다, 반론하 다, 겨루다, 논하다, 의심을 품다. enslaved: 노예로 만드는. formality: 의식, 딱딱함 형식적 행위, 형식존중, 정식의 절차, 형식에 구애 됨, 정규의 절차, 상례, 의례, 정식. provinces: 지방. self-preservation: 자기 보존, 본능적 자위, 호신.

stocking: 스타킹, 긴 양말, 구두를 벗 고, 긴양말, 다리털. sugar: 설탕, 에 설탕을 넣다, 저주하다 , 단풍당을 만들다, 달콤하게하다, 당 액을 바짝 졸이다, 설탕으로 달게하다 , 설탕을 입히다, 당화하다, 각설탕 한 개, 각설탕 한 술. tobacco: 담배, 흡연. vigilant: 자지 않고 지키는, 방심하지 않는, 경계하는, 경계하고 있는.

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country, but always treat their persons with respect, for the sake of my noble master, his family, his friends, and the whole Houyhnhnm race, whom these of ours have the honour to resemble in all their lineaments, however their intellectuals came to degenerate.% I began last week to permit my wife to sit at dinner with me, at the farthest end of a long table; and to answer (but with the utmost brevity) the few questions I asked her. Yet, the smell of a Yahoo continuing very offensive, I always keep my nose well stopped with rue, lavender, or tobacco leaves. And, although it be hard for a man late in life to remove old habits, I am not altogether out of hopes, in some time, to suffer a neighbour Yahoo in my company, without the apprehensions I am yet under of his teeth or his claws. My reconcilement to the Yahoo kind in general might not be so difficult, if they would be content with those vices and follies only which nature has entitled them to. I am not in the least provoked at the sight of a lawyer, a pickpocket, a colonel, a fool, a lord, a gamester, a politician, a whoremonger, a physician, an evidence, a suborner, an attorney, a traitor, or the like; this is all according to the due course of things: but when I behold a lump of deformity and diseases, both in body and mind, smitten with pride, it immediately breaks all the measures of my patience; neither shall I be ever able to comprehend how such an animal, and such a vice, could tally together. The wise and virtuous Houyhnhnms, who abound in all excellences that can adorn a rational creature, have no name for this vice in their language, which has no terms to express any thing that is evil, except those whereby they describe the detestable qualities of their Yahoos, among which they were not able to distinguish this of pride, for want of thoroughly understanding human nature, as it shows itself in other countries where that animal presides. But I, who had more experience, could plainly observe some rudiments of it among the wild Yahoos. But the Houyhnhnms, who live under the government of reason, are no more proud of the good qualities they possess, than I should be for not wanting a leg or an arm; which no man in his wits would boast of, although he must be miserable without them. I dwell the longer upon this subject from the desire I

Korean attorney: 변호사, 대리인, 법률가, 사 무변호사. colonel: 대령, 연대장, 육군대령, 단당, 각하. deformity: 추함, 결함, 불구, 신체 장 애자, 기형, 신체의 기형 부분. farthest: 가장먼, 가장멀리, 가장 먼, 가장 멀리. fool: 바보, 속이다, 농담하다, 어리석 은 짓을 하다, 어릿광대, 우롱하다, 희 롱하다, 풀, 놀리다, 낭비하다, 바보

취급을 받는 사람. gamester: 도박꾼, 노름꾼. intellectuals: 지식인들. lavender: 라벤더, 연보라색, 연보랏빛 의, 라벤더색, 연보라빛, 라벤더빛. lump: 덩어리, 참다, 견디다, 덩어리지 다, 많음, 어슬렁어슬렁 걷다, 총체로, 덩어리로 만들다, 혹, 땅딸보, 멍청이. pickpocket: 소매치기. politician: 정치가, 행정관, 정객. possess: 소유하다, 유지하다, 손에 넣

다, 잡다, 지배하다, 획득하다, 들리다 , 붙잡다, 자제하다, 에 붙다. reconcilement: 화해, 조정. smitten: 깊이 감동된, 세게 맞은. tally: 부신, 일치, 그 눈금, 득점, 계산, 물표, 표, 패, 짝의 한쪽, 부합하다, 대 조하다. thoroughly: 철저히, 순전히, ㅁㅇ완전 히, 충분히, 완전히. whoremonger: 밀통하는 남자, 호색가 .

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have to make the society of an English Yahoo by any means not insupportable; and therefore I here entreat those who have any tincture of this absurd vice, that they will not presume to come in my sight.%

Korean absurd: 불합리한, 어리석은, 부조리한 , 모순된, 부조리. entreat: 탄원하다, 간절히부탁하다, 간 청하다, 취급하다. insupportable: 견딜 수 없는, 지탱할 수 없는, 참을 수 없는, 지탱할 수 없 는. presume: 추정하다, 기화로 삼다, 이라 고 생각하다, 대담히도..하다, 주제넘 게 나서다, 대담히도, 하다, 가정하다. tincture: 기미, 착색하다, 색, 의 기미

를 띠게 하다, 물들이다, 한 티, 풍미 를 곁들이다, 정기제, 색조, 의 냄새를 띠게 하다, 의 색조를 띠게 하다. vice: 악습, 육체적 결함, 나쁜 버릇, 사 악, 결점, 부도덕, 바이스, 대리로서, 악, 악덕, 병.

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GLOSSARY abate: 덜다, 내리다, 할인하다, 누구러지다, 누그러뜨리다, 누그러지다, 줄다 약해지다, 중지하다, 감소시키다, 배제하다 abbot: 수도원장, 대수도원장 abet: 부추기다 abhor: 몹시 싫어하다, 혐오하다, 거부하다, 소름끼칠 정도로 싫어하다 abhorrence: 혐오, 몹시 싫은, 싫은, 아주 싫은 것, 질색인 것 abject: 비열한, 비참한, 절망적인, 천한, 치사한, 비천한 aboard: 차내에, 배 안에, 뱃전에, 탑승하고, 베이스에 나가서, 배에, 배로 abode: 체류, 주거, 거주, 주소 abominable: 지독한, 싫은, 지겹게, 지겨운, 지긋지긋한, 참으로 싫은 abominate: 몹시 싫어하다, 혐오하다, 싫어하다 aborigines: 토착민, 원주민, 토착 동식물 abortive: 실패의, 유산의, 조산의, 발육부전의 abound: 이 많다, 많이 있다, 넘쳐흐른다, 그득하다 above-mentioned: 위에 말한, 이미 언급한 abraham: 남자 이름, 아브라함 abreast: 나란히, 어깨를 나란히 하여, 옆으로 나란히 absent: 결석의, 없는, 부재의, 멍청한, 멍하게, 결근의, 결근하다, 결석하다, 결여된, 멍한, 출타중인 absorbed: 열중한, 마음을 빼앗긴, 흡수된, 병합된, 여념 없는 abstinence: 절제, 금주, 금욕, 제욕, 금식, 절식, 자제 abstract: 추상파의, 추상적인, 심원한, 방심한, 공상적인, 발췌하다, 추상하다, 추상 예술 작품, 추상 개념, 추상, 심오한 abstracted: 멍한, 추상된, 추출한, 추상한, 추출된

absurd: 불합리한, 어리석은, 부조리한, 모순된, 부조리 absurdity: 부조리한, 엉터리없는 일, 불합리, 어리석은 일 abundance: 풍부, 부유, 윤택, 다수, 충분한 물작 공급, 충분한 물자 공급, 유복 academy: 학원, 전문 학교, 사립의 고등 학교, 학회, 아카데미아, 왕립 미술원, 협회, 아카데메이아 학원 accent: 악센트, 강조, 어조, 말, 말투, 사투리, 음성, 강음, 강하게 하다, 시구, 사트리 accepting: 어음 인수 상사 accidental: 우연한, 우연의 우발적인 사물, 비본질적인, 임시 변화의, 우발적인, 사고의, 우유적인 accidentally: 우연히, 뜻밖에, 뜻하지 않게, 우윤히 accompany: 반주하다, 따르다, 따르게 하다, 동반하다 accomplished: 성취된, 뛰어난, 교양이 있는, 능란한, 세련된, 조예가 깊은, 기정의, 완료된, 완성된 according: 그러므로, 따라서, 나름으로, 에 따라, 에 의하여 accordingly: 따라서, 그러므로, 그에 따라서, 적절히, 그에 알맞게 accuse: 고발하다, 고소하다, 비난하다, 책하다 accuser: 고발인, 고소인 원고, 비난자, 고소인, 밀고자, 원고 accusing: 비난하는, 나무라는, 죄가 있다고 하는, 책망하는 듯한, 고발하는 accustom: 익히다, 늘하는식의, 예의, 에 익숙해지다, 의히다 accustomed: 익숙한, 평소의, 여느 때와 다름없는, 길든, 습관의, 에 익숙한 acknowledge: 받았음을 알리다, 승인하다, 인정하다, 감사하다, 사례하다, 알아 차렸음을 알리다, 확인하다 acknowledged: 일반적으로 인정된,

정평 있는, 정평있는 acknowledgment: 감사, 사례, 수취증명, 승인, 용인, 인사, 감사의 표시 acoustics: 음향학, 음향효과, 음향 상태 acquaintance: 지식, 알고 있음, 면식, 아는 사람, 잘아는 사람, 익히 알고 있음, 안면, 숙지, 아는 사인 acquainted: 사귀게 된, 안면이 있는, 정통한, 친한 acquire: 얻다, 획득, 학식, 재예, 습득, 습득하다, 붙이다, 잡다, 받게 하다, 취득하다 acquirements: 습득한 것, 습득한 기능, 습득한 학식, 기예 acre: 에이커, 토지, 경작지, 밭, 대량 acute: 격렬한, 급성의, 날카로운, 뾰족한, 예민한, 빈틈없는, 예각, 예, 격렬하다, 고통스러운, 예리한 acuteness: 날카로움, 명민함, 격심함 adamant: 대단히 단단한, 의지가 견고한, 견고 무비한, 단호한, 지지 않고 adamantine: 금강석 같은, 견고 무비한, 불굴의, 아주 견고한, 철석같은 adapted: 알맞은, 개조된, 개작된, 적당한 addition: 부가, 부가물, 증가, 증축, 가산, 덧셈, 직함 addresses: 구애 adhere: 들러붙다, 집착하다, 신념을 굳게 지키다, 접착하다, 부착하다, 가맹하다 adjoining: 인접하는, 부근의, 인접한, 이웃의 adjourn: 휴회하다, 연기하다, 회를 휴지하다, 산회하다, 폐회하다, 회의장을 옮기다, 회의를 연기하다 adjust: 조정하다, 화해시키다, 맞추다, 정리하다, 순응하다, 조정되다, 조절하다 adjusting: 조절하는 administer: 타격을 주다, 치료를

Jonathan Swift 하다, 처리하다, 시행하다, 관리하다 admirable: 훌륭한, 좋다, 칭찬할 만한 admirably: 훌륭히 admiral: 해군 대장, 제독, 해군 장성 사령관, 기함, 나비의 속칭, 상선 대장, 어선 대장 admiration: 감탄, 칭찬, 찬미, 경탄, 경이, 칭찬의 대상, 찬양의 대상 admire: 감탄하다, 칭찬하다, 기뻐하다, 좋아하다, 찬미하다, 황홀하게 바라보다, 탄복하며 바라보다, 찬탄하다, 탄복하다 admirer: 숭배자, 팬, 찬양자, 구혼자, 찬미자, 환심을 사려는 남자 admiring: 감복한, 감탄하는, 찬미하는, 찬양하는 admittance: 입장, 입장권 ado: 소동, 법석, 야단 법석 adorn: 꾸미다, 미관을 더하다, 아름다움을 돋보게 하다 adrift: 표류하여, 떠돌아, 헤매어, 일정한 직업 없이, 어찌할 바를 몰라 advancement: 승진, 전진, 선불, 진보, 발달, 발전, 진출, 출세, 촉진, 증진 advantageous: 유리한, 형편이 좋은 adventitious: 이례의 장소에서 발생하는, 우발의, 우연의, 우발적인 adventure: 모험, 흔치않은 체험, 흔치안은 체험, 재미있는, 희한한 사건, 투기, 위험을 무릅쓰다, 위험에 빠뜨리다, 모험심, 모험담, 감행하다 adventurer: 모험가, 투기꾼, 모험가 누기가, 엉큼한 수단으로 지위나 돈을 노리는 사나이 adversary: 적, 상대방, 마왕 advisable: 현명한, 권할 만한, 적당한, 분별있는, 분별 있는, 타당한 advise: 충고하다, 조언하다, 알리다, 통지하다, 통고하다, 의논하다, 권하다, 상담하다 advised: 숙고한, 신중한, 곰곰이 생각한 끝의, 무분별한, 숙고한 후의 advocate: 변호인, 주장하다, 주장자, 옹호자-변호하다, 법률가, 변호사, 주창자, 대변자 affectation: 체함, 짐짓 꾸밈, 태 affecting: 감동시키는, 감동적인, 애절한, 애처로운, 가련한 affection: 애정, 영향, 병, 감정, 특성, 성질, 호의, 기질, 감동 affirm: 단언하다, 확언하다, 확인하다, 긍정하다, 지지하다, 확약하다 affirmative: 긍정의, 긍정문, 찬성자, 확정의, 확언, 확언적인, 확인의, 단언 afflict: 괴롭히다 afflicted: 괴로워하는, 고민하는

aforesaid: 전술한, 진술한 aft: 고무쪽에, 후미에, 고물에, 고물에 있는, 고물쪽에, 흔히, 종종, 고물쪽에 있는 afterward: 나중에, 그 후, 뒤에 aggravate: 심하게 하다, 악화시키다, 괴롭히다, 노하게 하다, 화나게 하다, 더욱 악화시키다 aggravated: 가중 폭행 aggravation: 악화, 도발, 결발, 화남, 악화시킴 agility: 민첩, 명민함, 명쾌함, 기민 agitated: 흥분한, 동요한 agitation: 선동, 동요, 흥분, 동란, 논의, 뒤흔들기 agreeable: 기분 좋은, 유쾌한, 적당한, 어울리는, 쾌이 흥하는, 사근사근한, 마음에 드는, 맞는, 상냥한, 기꺼이 동의하는 agreeably: 기꺼이, 쾌히, 일치하여, 유쾌하게, 에 따라서, 에 따라 ague: 오한, 학질 ail: 괴롭히다, 앓다, 괴로와하다 airy: 바람이 잘 통하는, 공기의, 경솔한, 우미한, 경쾌한, 공중의, 공허한, 하늘 높이 솟은, 점장빼는, 가벼운, 들뜬 alacrity: 민활, 활발 alarmed: 불안해 하는, 겁 먹은, 깜짝 놀란 ale: 맥주, 에일 맥주 alexander: 마케도니아의왕 alight: 내리다, 하차하다, 착륙하다, 새가 앉다, 우연히 발견하다, 우연히 만나다, 불타고 alighting: 빛나는 것 allege: 단언하다, 증거 없이 주장하다, 인용 증언하다, 증언하다, 내세우다 allowance: 수당, 공제, 급여액, 승인, 용돈, 용인, 유리한 조건, 지급하는 돈, 참작, 할인, 허용 오차 allowances: 참작 allusion: 암시, 변죽 울림, 약간의 언급, 인유 ally: 동맹하다, 친척이다-동맹자, 결연하다, 동류의, 원조자, 연합하다, 제휴시키다, 연합시키다, 동맹국, 결합시키다, 결연시키다 aloft: 높이, 돛대 꼭대기에, 위로, 위쪽에, 위에 aloud: 큰 소리로, 똑똑히, 소리 내어 alphabet: 알파벳, 초보 alphabetical: 알파벳의 alps: 알프스 산맥 alter: 바꾸다, 거세하다, 박뀌다, 변경, 변경할 수 있는, 거세하다-변경할 수 있는-변경, 바뀌다, 고쳐 만들다, 달라지다 alteration: 변경, 개조, 변경된 곳,

289 변화 alternate: 호생의, 교류하다, 교체, 대리교체원, 번갈아서, 번갈아서의, 교류의, 부의, 하나씩 거른, 교대시키다, 교대의 altitude: 높이, 고도, 높은, 높은 자리, 정점에서 밑변까지의 수직 거리 amazed: 놀란 amazement: 놀람, 소스라침 ambassador: 대사, 사절 ambition: 대망, 야심의 대상, 패기, 야심, 포부, 열망, 원한, 큰 뜻, 야망, 원기 amendment: 개정, 수정, 개심, 수정 조항 amiable: 붙임성 있는, 귀염성 있는, 호감을 주는, 온화한, 상냥한, 마음씨 고운, 귀여운, 마음씨가 상냥한 amiss: 어긋나서, 잘못한, 형편이 나쁜, 고장난, 빗나가서, 수사납게, 이 적절하지 않은, 잘못되어, 탈이 나서, 이 적질하지 않은 amity: 침목, 친화, 친목 ample: 넓은, 충분한, 광대한, 풍부한 amply: 충분히, 널히, 널리 amsterdam: 네델란드의 수도, 암스테르담 amuse: 위안하다, 즐겁게, 즐겁게하다, 재미있게하다, 쁘게 하다, 분 전환을 하다, 즐겁게 하다 amusement: 즐거움, 위안, 오락, 재미로 하는 것, 재미 anagrammatic: 어구의 철자 바꾸기의, 철자를 바꾼 어구의 analogy: 유추, 유사, 상사, 유추법, 등비, 유비 ancestor: 조상, 선주, 원형, 선조, 피상속인 anchor: 닻, 정착시키다, 힘이 되는 것 닻을 내려 멈추다, 힘이되는 것최종 주자, 닻의, 의지할 힘이 되는 것, 야구 팀에서 제일가는 강타자, 맨 끝 사람, 닻을 내리다, 닻으로 고정시키다, 주저앉다 angles: 앵글족 angling: 낚시질 annoying: 성가신, 귀찮은, 괴롭히는, 지겨운, 귀찮게하는 answerable: 책임이 있는, 답할 수 있는, 책임있는, 알맞은, 대답할 수 있는, 해당할 만한 answering: 상응하는, 응답의 ant: 개미 antechamber: 대기실, 앞방, 곁방 antelope: 영양 anterior: 전의, 앞의 앞서는, 전면의, 전부의, 앞의, 앞서는 antic: 이상한, 야릇한, 기괴한익살맞은 짓, 익살떨다, 어릿광대-

290 익살떨다, 어릿광대, 기괴한 짓, 익살맞은 행동, 익살스러운 몸짓 anticipate: 예기하다, 앞지르다, 이르게 하다, 선수 쓰다, 예견하다, 예상하다, 을 기대하다, 을 내다보고 근심하다, 믿고 미리 쓰다, 재촉하다, 앞질러 하다 antipathy: 반감, 진저리냄, 불일치, 싫은 것, 싫은 일, 혐오 antiquity: 낡음, 고대사람들, 고대, 고대의풍습, 오래됨, 옛날 사람, 태고, 유물 anus: 항문 apartment: 아파트, 한 세대의 방, 방, 큰 호화 아파트, 한 세대가 살림하는 및 개의 방, 크고 훌륭한 방 appearing: 인 듯한 appellation: 명칭, 명명, 호칭 appetite: 식욕, 욕구, 욕망, 기호 applaud: 칭찬하다, 찬성하다, 박수갈채하다, 박수 갈채하다, 에게 박수 갈채하다, 성원하다 apple: 사과, 야구공, 대도시, 실망거리, 지구소돔의 사과, 애플 applicable: 응용할 수 있는, 적용할 수 있는, 적절한-bly appoint: 귀속을 정하다, 임명하다, 지명하다, 지정하다, 비품을 갖추다, 설비를 갖추다, 임명권을 행사하다, 정하다, 지명권을 행사하다, 명하다 apprehend: 우려하다, 체포하다, 이해다다, 붙잡다, 염려하다, 이해하다, 깨닫다, 감지하다이해하다, 감지하다 apprehension: 이해력, 우려, 체포, 두려움, 파악, 이해, 걱정 apprehensive: 근심하는, 우려하는, 우려하여, 이해가 빠른 apprentice: 도제, 견습, 계시로삼다, 견습으로보내다, 초심자 approaches: 구혼 approbation: 허가, 시인, 칭찬 approve: 찬성하다, 시인하다, 실증하다, 인가하다, 마음에들다, 승인하다, 보여주다-시인하다, 보여주다, 좋다고 인정하다, 수락하다, 임을 보이다 apron: 에이프런, 바텐더, 앞무대, 행주치마, 앞치마를 두르다, 앞치마, 격납고, 불쑥 나온 앞무대, 격납고 앞의 광장, 앞의 광장, 격납고 앞의 포장된 광장 apt: 적당한, 하기쉬운, 이해가 빠른, 적절한, 총기있는, 하기 쉬운, 할 것 같은, 재기있는 aqueous: 물의, 수성의, 물 같은, 수성 arch: 아치, 홍예를 틀다, 홍예, 호, 아치문, 익살스런, 활모양으로 굽히다, 주된, 장난스런, 궁형-

Gulliver’s Travels 활모양으로 굽히다, 교활한 arched: 아치형의, 활모양의, 홍예가 있는, 궁형의 architect: 건축가, 제작자, 건축기사, 조물주, 설계자, 입안자 aristotle: 아리스토텔레스 arose: 과거 arrow: 화살, 화살표, 굵은화살 arrows: 화살 artful: 교활한, 기교가 부르는, 기교가 뛰어난 artfully: 교묘하게, 인위적으로 articulate: 관절로 잇다, 분명한, 의견을 분명히 말할 수 있똑똑히 발음하다, 또렷한, 음절이 있는, 생각을 명료하게 표현할 수 있는, 생각을 명료하게 말할 수 있는, 생각을 또렷하게 표현할 수 있는, 말을 명료하게 말할 수 있는, 말을 또렷하게 표현할 수 있는, 말을 또렷하게 말할 수 있는 artificial: 인조의, 부자연스러운, 인공의, 일부러 꾸민 것 같은, 젠체하는, 부자연스런 artificially: 인위적으로, 부자연하게, 인공적으로, 부자연스럽게 ascending: 올라가는, 상승적인, 오르는, 위를 향한 ascribe: 탓으로 하다, 돌리다, 에 돌리다, 에 속하는 것으로 생각하다 ashamed: 낯을 붉히어, 부끄러워하여, 부끄러이 여겨, 부끄러워 ashore: 물가에, 해변에 asiatic: 아시아사의, 아시아의, 아시아 사람 aslant: 기울어져, 비스듬히 asleep: 잠들어, 활발치않아서, 마비되어, 팽이가서서, 영면하여, 죽어, 자서, 저려 aspiring: 큰뜻이 있는, 갈망하는, 열망하는, 상승하는, 대망을 품고 있는 assert: 주장하다, 단언하다, 옹호하다, 자기 설을 주장하다, 역설하다, 자기 권리를 주장하다, 을 단언하다 assertion: 단언, 독단, 주장, 나타나다 assign: 지정하다, 할당하다, 양도하다, 명하다, 돌리다, 맡기다, 배당하다, 에 돌리다, 양수인, 배속하다, 선임하다 assist: 거들다, 돕다, 포살, 참석하다조력, 조수 의 일을 맡아보다, 원조, 참석하다, 원조하다, 조력 assistant: 보조의, 조수, 점원, 대리자, 부, 보좌의, 보조, 보좌하는 것 assurance: 보증, 확신, 자신, 철면피, 침착, 보험 assured: 자신있게, 확실한, 보험에

부친, 확신하여, 자신 있는, 생명 보험을 건, 보증된 assuring: 보증하는, 확인하는, 확신을 주는 astonished: 놀란 astonishing: 놀라운 astonishment: 놀라움, 경악, 놀랄 만한 물건, 놀랄 만한 일, 놀람 astride: 걸터앉아, 걸치어 astrology: 점성학, 점성술 astronomer: 천문학자 astronomical: 천문학적인, 천문학상의, 거대한, 기록적인, 천문의 astronomy: 천문학, 천문학 논문, 천문학 서적 asunder: 파라광이의 수도, 따로따로, 따로따로 떨어져, 떨어져서, 조각조각, 조각조각으로, 떨어져 atlas: 지도책, 수폭 탄두를 적재한 대륙간 탄도 유도탄, 아틀라스, 아틀라스판, 남상주, 환추 attachment: 부착, 애착, 붙임, 부착물, 압류 attendance: 출석, 시중, 돌봄, 참석, 출근, 간호, 출석자수, 관객수, 서비스, 서비스료 attendant: 시중드는, 수행의, 수행원, 수반물, 부수의, 출석자, 곁에 따르는 사람, 출석의, 출석의-곁에 따르는 사람, 따라다니는, 시중드는 사람 attending: 주치의인, 대학 부속병원에 의사로서 근무하는 attested: 공정 기준 합격의, 무병보증된, 증명된 attorney: 변호사, 대리인, 법률가, 사무변호사 attraction: 인력, 흡인, 매력, 끄는 힘, 끄는힘, 련인, 흡인력, 끌어 당김, 사람의 마음을 끄는 것, 사람끌기, 관광명소 auditor: 청강생, 감사, 방청자, 회계검사관, 듣는 사람, 회계 감사원 augustus: 로마최초의 황제 auspicious: 행운의, 길조의, 상서로운, 경사스러운 austere: 극도로간결한, 떫은, 신, 엄격한, 가혹한, 금욕적인, 남풍, 내핍의 austrian: 오스트리아의, 오스트리아사의사람, 오스트리아 사람, 오스트리아 사람의 avarice: 탐욕 averse: 반대하여, 싫어하다, 싫어하여, 원줄기에서 바깥쪽을 향한 aversion: 혐오, 반감, 싫은 것, 싫은 사람 avow: 공언하다, 시인하다, 고백하다,

Jonathan Swift 승인하다, 솔직이 인정하다 avowed: 공공연한, 공언한, 자인한, 스스로 인정한, 공언된, 인정된, 언명한, 스스로인정한 awake: 깨우다, 일으키다, 깨다, 깨닫다, 방심 않는, 잘 알아채서, 깨어서, 자각시키다-눈뜨다, 자각시키다, 눈뜨다, 분기하다깨어서 awe: 외경하다, 경외, 두려움 awhile: 잠시, 잠깐 awkward: 어색한, 하기 어려운, 약 빠르지 못한, 보기흉한, 사용하기 거북한, 서투른, 섣부른, 어거하기 힘든, 다루기 어려운, 깔볼 수 없는, 거북한 awkwardness: 어색함, 꼴사나움, 서투름, 이상함 awl: 송곳 axle: 차축, 굴대, 축, 굴대의 babe: 숫보기, 아기 backward: 거꾸로의, 싫어하는, 뒤로의, 개약의, 뒤로, 개악의, 거꾸로, 발전이 늦은, 후방의, 후방으로, 퇴보하여 backwards: 뒤로, 거꾸로, 뒤쪽으로, 퇴보하여, 후방으로, 역행하여, 역으로, 뒤로 향하여, 거슬러 올라가서 baggage: 말괄량이, 군용 행낭, 수화물, 닮고 닮은 여자, 바람난 여자, 휴대품, 닳고 닳은 여자, 수하물, 짐 bagpipes: 백파이프, 풍적 bake: 회식, 구워지다, 굽다, 굽기, 익히다, 빵굽기, 구워낸 제품, 구워 굳히다, 구워 말리다, 그을리다, 타다 ballot: 투표용지, 추첨, 투표, 제비, 투표용의 작은공, 대통령 후보자 결정선거, 비밀 투표, 무기명 투표, 제비를 뽑다, 투표하다, 투표를 하다 balls: 혼란케 하다, 혼란시키다, 엉망으로 만들다 bamboo: 대, 대나무, 대나무의, 대의 banging: 탁치기 bangs: 앞 단발머리 banish: 추방하다, 떨어버리다, 쫓아내다, 덜어 없애다, 귀양보내다, 멀리하다 banishment: 추방, 방축, 배척, 유형 barbarity: 조야, 만행, 잔인, 잔인한 행동, 야만적인, 조야한, 야만 barbarous: 잔인한, 야만의, 무식한, 조야한, 그리스 어 이외의, 라틴 어 이외의, 미개한, 야비한, 이국어의 barber: 이발사, 이발하다, 수염을 깍다, 이발업을 하다, 수염을 깎다 bare: 닳아빠진, 노골적인, 결핍된, 써서 낡은, 알몸의, 부족한, 노출된, 이 없는, 장식없는, 벗기다, 드러낸

barefoot: 맨발의, 맨발로, 맨발 bargain: 흥정하다, 매매, 약속을 하다, 거래, 교섭하다, 기대하다, 바꾸다, 싼 물건, 의 조건을 붙이다, 헐값의 bark: 짖다, 기나피, 기침 소리, 기침을 하다, 포성, 총성, 나무 껍질로 덮다, 나무껍질, 소리지르다, 배, 피부-껍질을 벗기다 barley: 보리 barrel: 통, 한 베럴, 통 모양의 것통에 담다, 포신, 한 통, 통에 채우다, 중배가 불룩한 통, 통에 담다, 통에 넣다, 한 배럴, 캡스턴의 동부 barren: 임신 못하는, 불모의, 메마른, 열매를 맺지 않는, 농작물이 나지않는, 재미없는, 무익한, 내용이 보잘것 없는, 새끼를 못 낳는, 효과없는, 황야 bashfulness: 수줍음, 부끄러움, 수줍어 basin: 대야, 세면기, 웅덩이 유역, 분지, 한 대야 가득, 반층, 웅덩이, 독 bass: 베이스, 저음악기-저음의, 베이스 가수, 농어의 일종, 인피로 만든 제품, 저음의, 참피나무, 참피나무의 재목, 바스, 남성 저음역 bathe: 미역, 잠그다, 적시다, 씻다해수욕, 끼얹다, 목욕하다, 뒤덮이다, 씻다, 뒤덮다, 담그다, 헤엄치다 batter: 처부수다, 포격하다-반죽, 타자, 연타하다, 타자-연타하다, 반죽, 완만한 경사, 완만한 경사도, 세게 두드리다, 쳐 부수다, 쳐서 쭈그러뜨리다 bead: 구슬, 방울, 염주알, 거품의, 염주, 로자리오, 유리알, 가늠쇠, 구슬이 되다, 구슬선, 구슬로 장식하다 beak: 부리, 코, 치안판사, 주둥이, 격돌 함수, 귀때, 교사, 누조, 부리가 있는, 치안 판사, 부리 같이 생긴 물건 beam: 광선, 선폭, 도리, 빛나다, 가로들보, 대, 성에, 대들보, 번쩍이다, 미소짓다, 들보 beard: 수염, 미늘-수염을 잡다, 공공연히 반항하다, 미늘, 에게 공공연히 반항하다, 의 수염을 꺼두르다, 까락, 턱수염, 의 수염을 잡아 뽑다, 경사면, 깎아 내다 bearing: 관계, 태도, 거동, 관련, 낳음, 문장, 방위각, 인내, 축받이 bearings: 방위, 문장 beast: 짐승, 가축, 짐승 같은 놈, 식용 소, 동물, 짐승 같은 사람, 축생, 네발짐승 beaten: 밟아 다져진, 두들겨 편, 두들겨 맞은, 진, 세게 휘저은, 패배당한, 완전히 지친, 얻어 맞은,

291 두들겨 늘인, 밟아 다진 beating: 고동, 때림, 날개치기, 타파, 매질, 박정한 대우, 구타, 맥박, 패배, 채찍질의 처벌, 지게 하기 beautifully: 아름답게, 훌륭하게, 훌륭히, 솜씨있게, 선명하게, 예쁘게, 멋있게, 화창하게 bedchamber: 침실, 침실용의, 통근자가 사는 bedstead: 침대의 뼈대, 침대 bee: 꿀벌, 모임, 일꾼, 부지런한 사람, 벌 beef: 쇠고기, 근육, 건장한, 뚱뚱한, 체력, 완력-불평을 하다, 완력, 불평하다, 불평을 하다, 불평, 육우 beforehand: 미리, 예기하다, 대비하다, 전부터, 사전에, 서다, 앞서다, 벌써부터, 지레 짐작으로, 이전에, 빨리 beg: 빌다, 구걸하다, 빌어먹다, 앞발을들고서다, 발을들고서다, 시주해 줄 것을 청하다, 애걸하다, 앞발을 들고 서서 재롱부리다, 부탁하다, 간청하다, 용서를 청하다 beget: 낳다, 돌보다, 생기다, 자식을 보다, 생기게 하다 begetting: 자식을 보기, 생기게 하기 beggar: 거지, 악한-거지로 만들다, 가난뱅이, 가난하게 하다, 무력하게 하다, 놈, 기부금을 모으는 사람, 빈약하게 하다, 가난들게 하다 beggarly: 거지 같은, 빈약한, 얼마 안되는, 비천한, 가난한, 초라한, 무일푼의, 인색한 beggary: 거지 생활, 패거리, 극빈, 거지신세, 거지, 거지 사회 begging: 구걸, 구걸하는, 거지 생활 behalf: 위하여, 이익 behave: 처신하다, 행동하다, 예절바르게 행동하다, 올바르게 행동하다, 작동하다, 움직이다, 예절바르다, 얌전하다, 작용하다, 반응을 나타내다, 성질을 나타내다 behaved: 한 태도의, 행동거지가 ...한 behold: 보다 believing: 믿음이 있는, 백문이 불여 일견, 보는것보다 확실한 것은 없다, 빈음, 신앙심 있는 bellows: 풀무, 주름상자, 폐, 주름 상자 belly: 배, 복부, 식욕, 위, 자궁부풀게하다, 태내, 불룩한 부분, 부풀다 belong: 에속하다, 의 것이다, 있다, 있어야 하다, 속하다, 소속하다 belonging: 소지품, 성질, 재산, 재능, 친척, 친숙함, 친밀감, 친밀, 부속물, 귀속 의식, 귀속 beloved: 가장 사랑하는, 애인, 남편,

292 소중한-가장 사랑하는 사람, 아내, 가장 사랑하는 사람, 귀여운, 애용하는, 여보, 사랑받아, 사랑스러운 belt: 띠, 때리다, 혁대, 지방, 벨트, 해협, 줄 무늬, 띠로 붙들어 매다, 띠를 매다, 순환 도로, 에 띠를 두르다 bench: 판사석, 벤치, 지위에 앉히다, 퇴장시키다, 진열대, 착석시키다, 온실 안의 묘상에 심다, 계단, 밑으로부터 파다, 작업대, 묘상 benefactor: 은인, 후원자, 기증자, 보호자, 은혜를 베푸는 사람 benevolence: 자선, 자비심, 인정, 덕행, 덕세 bent: 굽은, 초원, 황야, 마음을 기울인, 열심인, 경향, 허리가 굽은, 성벽, 겨이삭속 또는 그와 비슷한 포아풀과의 잡초, 그 줄기, 기호 berry: 열매, 커피의 열매, 딸기의 열매, 열매를 따다, 물고기의 알열매가 열리다, 장과, 알, 말린 씨앗, 딸기류의 열매, 장과가 열리다 besides: 제외하고, 그위에, 게다가, 게다가-더하여, 이외에, 을 제외하고, 외에는, 더하여, 그 위에, 그 밖에, 이외에도 bespeak: 주문하다, 예약하다, 말을 걸다, 나타내다, 입증하다, 예시하다, 의 증거가 되다, 맞추다, 미리 구하다, 미리 청하다 bestow: 수여하다, 숙박시키다, 쓰다, 간직하여 두다, 주다, 두다, 증여하다, 저장하다, 묵게 하다, 부여하다 betray: 나타내다, 누설하다, 배반하다, 저버리다, 유괴하다, 배신하다, 팔다, 속이다, 무심코 드러내다, 거역하다, 에 위배하다 betty: 여자 이름 betwixt: 이도저도 아니게, 중간에 bias: 바이어스, 사선, 경향, 경사, 치우치게하다, 성벽-기울이다, 치우침, 편견을 갖다, 기울이다, 한쪽으로 치우치게하다, 성향 biassed: 치우친 bidding: 초대, 입찰, 명령, 공고, 선언, 비드하기 bind: 동이다, 덩굴, 감다, 제본, 구속하다-묶는 것, 속박하다굳어지다, 끈, 매다, 변비를 일으키게 하다, 속박하다, 장정하다 binding: 제본, 동이는, 속박하는, 속박, 붕대, 묶는, 묶는 것, 변비를 일으키는, 선 두르는 재료, 동여 묶는, 꼭 졸라 맴 biscuit: 비스킷, 작은 빵, 비스킷 색, 질그릇 bite: 물다, 부식하다, 물어뜯다, 물린

Gulliver’s Travels 상처, 스미다, 한 입, 한 번 묾, 살을 에다, 깨물다, 열중시키다, 상하게 하다 biting: 찌르는듯한, 물어 뜯는, 살을 에는 듯한, 날카로운 bladder: 방광, 부레, 수포, 신문, 해초 등의 기포, 바람 주머니, 기포, 부푼 것 blade: 칼날, 잎, 멋장이, 칼, 날개, 검객, 견갑골, 위세가 당당한 사내, 위세가 호탕한 사내, 혀끝, 노깃 blamed: 지긋지긋한, 빌어먹을, 천벌받을, 빌어먹을 몹시, 지겹게 blameless: 나무랄만한, 비난할 점이 없는 blanket: 담요, 덮어 버리다, 숨기다, 차별하지 않는, 방해하다, 일률적인담요에 싸다, 총괄적인, 모포총괄적인, 전면을 덮는 것, 일률적인, 쉬쉬 덮어 버리다 blast: 소리, 한 바탕 부는 바람, 시들게 하다, 돌풍, 폭파하다, 울려퍼짐-폭파하다, 폭발, 한 줄기 강한 바람, 형편 없는 실패, 총을 쏘다, 폭풍 blazing: 심한, 타는, 강렬한, 타는 듯한, 듯한, 타오르는, 뻔한 bleeding: 출혈, 방혈, 엄청난, 출혈하는, 피나는 느낌의 blessing: 고마운 것, 은총, 축복, 행복, 가호, 식전의 기도, 복, 찬성, 축복의 말 blind: 맹목적인, 눈먼, 발, 숨은, 어리석은, 이성을 잃은, 차일, 커튼, 문, 막다른-눈멀게 하다, 눈멀게 하다 blinding: 현혹시키는, 눈을 멀게 하는, 자갈, 새 포장 도로의 틈새기를 메우기 위한 모래, 눈을 어지럽히는, 사려 분별을 잃게 하는, 침상, 눈을 부시게하는, 눈을 멀게하는 blindness: 맹목, 눈이 멀음, 무분별 blowing: 취입 성형, 재즈 연주, 분출하는 소리 blown: 핀, 숨을 헐떡이는, 파리가 알을 슨, 부푼, 불어서 만든 blunt: 날 없는, 무디어지다, 날이무딘, 들지 않는-무디게하다, 둔하게 하다, 무뚝뚝한, 퉁명스러운, 둔하게 되다, 들지 않는, 무디게하다, 무딘 boar: 멧돼지, 수퇘지 boast: 자랑하다, 가지고 있다, 자랑, 뽐내다, 큰소리치다, 호언장담하다, 대강 다듬다, 과시하다, 가지다, 자랑 거리 bodily: 통째로, 육체적인-몸소, 모조리, 몸의, 신체상의, 구체의, 육체상의 boiled: 취한, 끓은

bold: 가파른, 대담한, 거리낌없는, 굵은, 뚜렷한, 굵게, 볼드체의, 뻔뻔스러운, 힘 있는, 두드러진, 뻔뻔한 boldly: 대담하게, 뻔뻔스럽게, 뚜렷이 boldness: 대담함, 분방 자재, 두드러짐, 대담 bolus: 큰알약 bone: 뼈, 해골, 골격, 뼈로만든것, 골분 비료를 주다-공부만 들이 파다, 몸-뼈를발라내다, 시체, 철저히, 줄의 맨 끝에 있는 사람, 주사위, 열심히 공부하는 사람 bore: 구멍, 구멍을 뚫다, 싫증나게하다, 송곳구멍, 밀물, 총구멍, 해일, 뚫다, 구멍을 내다, 구멍이 나다, 따분한 것 bored: 지루한, 따분한 borne: 시야가 좁은, 마음이 좁은 borrow: 차용하다, 빌다, 꾸어오다, 바람을 참작하여 치다, 언덕을 참작하여 치다, 차입하다, 에서 빌다, 무단 차용하다 borrowed: 다른 데서 따온, 빈, 차용한 bosom: 가슴, 껴안다, 내부, 마음속에 간직하다, 믿고 있는, 품, 흉부, 흉부슴속, 가슴속, 속, 표면 bottomless: 바닥의, 앉는 부분이 없는, 밑바닥 없는, 누드의, 의자의 부분이 없는 bounce: 되튐, 튀다, 뛰어오르다, 해고하다, 튀어돌아오게하다, 툭 튀어, 불쑥, 크게 꾸짖다, 통신 위성으로 중계하다, 튀게 하다, 내쫓다 bouncing: 거대한, 강한, 원기왕성한, 기운찬, 튀는, 잘 튀는, 씩씩한, 허풍 떠는, 기운 좋은, 척력 bow: 활, 이물, 구부리다, 절하다, 꾸부러지다, 나비넥타이, 만곡부, 인사하다, 켜다, 함수, 절 bowed: 굽은, 머리를 숙인, 활을 가진, 활 모양의, 활 모양을 한 bowels: 동정심이 깃드는 곳, 인정이 깃드는 곳 bowing: 운궁법, 절을 하는, 활 놀리는 법, 휘는, 보잉 bowl: 사발, 나무공, 큰잔, 볼링경기, 대접, 굴리다, 공기, 저울의 접시, 투구, 십주희, 론 볼링 bowlful: 공기 한 그릇, 한 사발 bows: 이물 brains: 뛰어난 지능을 가진 사람 brandish: 휘두르다 brandy: 브랜디 brass: 놋쇠, 금관악기, 철면피, 고급장교, 금전, 놋그릇, 창녀,

Jonathan Swift 놋쇠빛, 축받이, 뻔뻔스러움, 돈 brave: 용감한, 용사, 화려한, 도전하다, 훌륭한, 용감하게 해내다, 전사 bravely: 용감하게, 화려하게 breadth: 폭, 넓은도량, 나비, 넓이, 넓음, 외연, 전체 효과, 퍼짐, 폭으로 재는 물건, 관용, 너비 breast: 가슴, 유방, 흉부, 무릅쓰다, 가슴에받다, 가슴통을 달다, 가슴을 대다, 가슴 모양의 부분, 대담하게 맞서다, 젖퉁이, 헤치고 나아가다 bred: 하게 자란 breech: 포미, 뒷부분, 총미, 궁둥이, 총의 개머리, 승마바지, 볼기, 바지, 도르래의 밑 부분 breeches: 승마용 바지, 반바지, 승마바지, 바지 breed: 품종, 종류, 기르다, 씨를 받다, 임신하고 있다, 가르치다, 번식시키다, 양육하다, 발생하다, 새끼를 낳다, 낳다 breeding: 번식, 사육, 뱀뱀이, 버릇, 증식작용, 증식 작용, 가정교육, 가계, 증식 brethren: 동포, 회원, 동인, 형제, 같은 신도들 brevity: 짧음, 간결 bribe: 뇌물, 증회하다, 뇌물로 매수하다 bribery: 증수회, 수회, 뇌물수수, 증회 bridle: 굴레를 씌우다, 고삐를 매다, 굴레, 구속하다, 몸을 뒤로 젖히다, 구속물, 말 굴레, 머리를 치켜든 거만한 자세, 구속, 배를 매어 놓는 밧줄, 배를 매어 놓는 체인 brim: 가장자리, 양테, 가득채우다, 넘치다, 그릇의 가장자리, 가득 붓다 brood: 곰곰히 생각하다, 종류, 한배의병아리, 한배 새끼, 종족-알을 품다, 아이들, -숙고하다, 숙고하다, 한배 병아리, 품다, 알을 품다 brook: 참다, 시내, 견디다, 실개천 broom: 비, 청소하다, 금작화, 비로 쓸다, 긴자루 부러시, 긴자루 브러시, 빗자루, 을 비로 쓸다 broth: 묽은수프, 묽은 수프 brotherhood: 조합, 협회, 결사, 동료, 형제관계, 친선 단체, 철도 종업원 조합, 성직자단, 형제간, 철도 노동조합, 수사단 brownness: 갈색 brush: 브러시, 솔, 꼬리, 솔질하다, 스치다, 질주, 숲, 비비다, 작은 가지, 털다, 질주하다 brutal: 잔인한, 짐승같은, 야수성, 짐승같이 만들다, 무도, 잔인, 짐승의 brutality: 잔인성, 만행, 야만성,

잔인한 행위, 야만, 무자비 brute: 짐승, 싫은 놈, 야수적인, 감각이 없는, 잔인한 bucket: 물통, 바께쓰, 피스톤, 버킷, 버킷 하나 가득, 버킷 하나 가득의 양, 펌프의 피스톤 buckle: 구부리다, 비틀어지다, 혁대장식, 죔쇠, 죔쇠로 죄다, 양보하다, 격투하다, 구부러지다, 굴복하다 buckled: 죔쇠 달린, 죔쇠가 달린 buff: 부드러운가죽으로닦다, 담황색의가죽, 사람의 맨살, 무두질한 담황색 가죽, 버프, 완충기 역할을 하다, 타격, 팬, 의 힘을 약하게 하다, 맨살, 가죽으로 닦다 bulk: 크기, 대부분, 부풀다, 적하, 쌓아올리다, 더미, 부피, 부피가 큰, 선창, 의 부피가 커지게 하다, 거대한 것 bull: 황소, 수컷, 큰, 센, 경관, 교서, 쓸데없는소리, 사는편, 사는 쪽, 황소자리, 쓸데없는 소리 bulwark: 누벽, 방어하다, 방파제, 뱃전, 성채 bundle: 꾸러미, 다발, 다발지어 묶다, 묶음, 덩어리, 관속, 거금 burgundy: 부르고뉴에서나는붉은포도주, 부르고뉴 burning: 불타는, 긴급한, 격렬한, 타고 있는 것, 타고 있는, 시급한 burnt: 불에 덴, 탄 burst: 파열하다, 돌발, 별안간 나타나다, 터지다, 폭발, 충만하다, 찢다, 집중 사격, 파열시키다, 파열, 잡아 찢다 burton: 맥주의일종 bury: 묻다, 몰두하게하다, 장사지내다, 몰두하다, 숨기다, 잊다, 파묻다, 덮어서 숨기다 butcher: 도살하다, 판매원, 학살자, 학살하다, 도살업자, 외과의사, 권투 선수, 푸주한 butter: 버터, 버터를 바르다, 아첨하다, 미는 사람, 머리로 받는 짐승, 부딪치는 것, 버터 비슷한 것, 부딪치는 사람, 아부 buttocks: 엉덩이, 고물 buzzard: 말똥가리, 멍청이, 아메리카독수리 buzzing: 윙윙거리는 cabal: 도당, 비밀결사, 음모를 꾸미다, 작당하다, 음모를꾸미다, 음모단, 음모 cabin: 선실, 가두다, 개빈, 오두막집신호소, 선실 따위여객기의 객실, 오두막, 오두막집에서 살다, 거주 부분, 캐빈, 오두막집

293 cabinet-maker: 고급가구 제작자, 가구 제작자 cabinets: 캐비닛 cable: 해외 전보, 케이블, 피복 전선, 굵은 밧줄, 닻줄, 강삭, 새끼 모양의 장식을 달다, 해저 전신으로 보내다, 케이블선, 해저 전선, 쇠사슬 cadence: 운율, 억양, 보조, 소리, 악장의 종지법, 종지법, 분가의 가계 caesar: 로마 황제, 시저, 독재자, 전제 군주, 전제군주, 제왕, 제왕절개, 카이사르, 통치권, 로마황제 calamity: 재난, 참화, 불행, 비참 calcine: 하소하다, 태워서생석회가 되다, 구어 생석회로 하다, 태워서 생석회가 되게 하다, 타서 생석회가 되다, 타서 생석회가 되게 하다, 태워서 생석회가 되다 calculate: 계산하다, 할 작정이다, 산정하다, 추정하다, 이라고 생각하다, 의도하다, 기대하다, 어림잡다, 하도록 계획되어 있다, 평가하다, 추산하다 calculated: 계획된, 하게끔 되어, 계산된, 계획적인, 고의의, 고의적인, 에 알맞아, 예측된, 적합한, 할 듯한 calculation: 계산, 타산, 추정, 숙고, 예상, 예측, 계획, 계산의 결과, 추측, 계산함 california: 캘리포니아, 미국의 캘리포니아 주 calm: 평온한, 고요한, 뻔뻔스러운, 무풍, 가라앉히다, 침착한, 침착, 고요, 냉정, 평온, 뱃심좋은 canal: 도관, 운하, 수로, 어떤 방향으로 유도하다, 에 운하를 만들다, 도관의, 운하의 candid: 솔직한, 공평한, 포즈를 취하지 않은, 스냅 사진, 자연 그대로의, 있는 대로의, 입바른, 성실한, 꺼리낌없는, 거리낌없는, 공정한 candidly: 숨김없이, 솔직히 말하면, 솔직하게, 정직하게, 솔직히 candour: 공평 무사 cane: 지팡이, 회초리, 줄기, 매질하다, 등나무로 만들다, 등나무 무리, 가볍고 가는 지팡이, 대, 유리막대, 매로 치다, 등 canine: 개, 개과의 동물, 개과의, 송곳니, 개같은, 개의 canoe: 카누, 카누를 젓다, 카누로 가다, 마상이, 카누를 젖다, 통나무 배 cant: 기울이다, 경사, 은어, 변말, 경사면, 뒤집다, 모서리를 자른, 방향을 바꾸다, 서로 통하는 말, 캔트, 점잔빼는 말투를 쓰다 canting: 안장꼬리, 잘라낸 조각,

294 점잔빼는 말투, 점잔빼는 말투의 cap: 탈모하다, 뚜껑, 캡, 모자를 씌우다, 모자, 열다, 덮다, 최고, 다투어 끄집어 내다, 피임용 페서리, 특수한 모자 cape: 곶, 희망봉, 케이프, 어깨망토, 갑, 어깨 망토 caper: 신나게 뛰놀기, 신나게 뛰놀다, 바람잡이, 희롱거리다, 풍조목의 관목, 절정, 범죄계획유럽풍의 조목, 강도, 값을 올려 부르는 한패, 끝장, 깡총거리다 caprice: 변덕, 공상적 작품, 뜻밖의 급변, 제멋대로의 행동, 카프리치오 carcass: 짐승의 시체, 형해, 시체, 뼈대 careless: 경솔한, 부주의한, 무관심한, 괘념치 않는, 되는대로의, 마음 편한, 마음편한, 무심한, 정신차리지 않는, 조심성없는, 태평스러운 carelessness: 부주의, 경솔, 소홀, 무사태평, 무심함, 속 편함 cargo: 뱃짐, 선하, 적하, 화물 carnivorous: 육식성의, 육식동물의, 식충식물의, 식충성의 carpenter: 목수, 목수일을 하다, 목수일로 만들다, 대목, 목수일을하다, 목수직, 무대장치인, 아마추어 목수, 목공품, 목공일을 하다 carriage: 탈것, 몸가짐, 운반, 수송, 태도, 운임, 통과, 운반대, 유모차, 포가, 처리 carrier: 운반인, 항공모함, 운송회사, 우편집배원, 보균자, 담체, 운반 설비, 배수구, 전염병 매개체, 하수로, 짐판 carrion: 썩은 고기, 썩은 고기를 먹는, 썩은, 죽은 짐승고기, 불결물 carved: 개척하는, 고기를 베어 나누는, 베는, 새기는, 출세 등을 개척하는 casually: 우연히, 무의식적으로, 임시로, 약식으로, 아무 생각 없이, 문득, 무심코, 가끔, 불쑥 casualties: 사상자 수, 조난자, 불상사, 사상자 명단 casualty: 불상사, 조난자, 인적손해, 부상자, 불의의 재난, 사망자, 사상사고, 사상자, 사상자수, 상해, 재난 catalogue: 목록을 만들다, 목록 목록에 올리다, 목록을 작성하다, 목록, 대학 요록 cataract: 백내장, 큰폭포, 호우, 분류, 수력 절등기, 큰 폭포 catastrophe: 대단원, 파국, 대이변, 대실패, 파멸, 지각의 격변, 튼 재앙, 큰재변, 대참사 catching: 전염성의, 전염하는, 마음을

Gulliver’s Travels 빼앗는, 매력있는, 매력 있는 것 cato: 카토 cattle: 소, 가축, 해충, 말, 짐승 같은 놈들, 개새끼들, 축우 caution: 경고, 조심, 경계, 에게 경고하다, 경계를 요하는 사물, 담보, 예령, 주의, 희한한 사람, 주의시키다, 신중 cavalier: 거만한, 기사, 무관심한, 호위해 가다, 여성의 호위자 노릇을 하다, 기사다운, 호탕한, 왕당원, 파트너, 정중한 신사, 예의바른 사내 cave: 동굴, 굴, 꺼지다, 녹초가 되다, 동굴로 만들다, 움푹 들어가게 하다, 탈당, 함몰, 굴복하다, 탈당함몰하다, 항복시키다 cavity: 공동, 어웅하게 뚫림, 체강, 움푹한 곳, 구멍, 강, 충치, 굴 cease: 그만두다, 그치다, 끝나다, 중지, 중지하다, 멎다, 멈추다-중지, 끝내다, 중단 ceiling: 천장, 한계, 최고한도, 천장판자, 운저고도, 운고, 상승한도, 상승한계, 내장판자, 상승 한계, 최고 한도 celebrate: 찬양하다, 거행하다, 기념일을 축하하다, 세상에 알리다, 축제 기분에 젖다, 축하하다, 찬미하다, 축하, 칭찬, 유명한, 식을 올려 기념하다 celebrated: 유명한, 저명한 celestial: 하늘의, 천인, 중국의, 중국인, 천국의, 천상의, 천사, 천체의, 신성한-중국인, 거룩한, 천국같은 censure: 비난, 비난하다, 혹평, 견책, 책망하다, 견책하다, 책망, 혹평하다 cent: 센트, 백, 동전 한닢, 푼돈, 동전 한 닢의 값어치, 동전 한 닢 cephalic: 두부의, 두개의, 머리의, 두부에 있는 ceremony: 예의, 의식, 식전, 형식, 딱딱함, 식, 의례 chaff: 여물, 왕겨, 놀리다, 놀림, 썰다, 하찮은 것, 레이더 탐지 방해용 금속편, 마초, 야유, 호, 허섭쓰레기 challenging: 힘드는, 의욕을 돋우는, 능력을 시험하는 것 같은, 도전적인, 매력적인, 자극적인 chamber: 약실, 방, 소실, 침실, 변호사 사무실, 의원, 의회, 회의장, 회의실, 회의소, 회관 chamberlain: 시종, 회계관, 의전관, 가령, 체임벌린, 집사, 수납관, 징수원 chancery: 대법관청, 형평법 재판소, 공문서 보관소, 기록소, 대사관의 사무국, 대법관청 재판소, 영사관의 사무국

chaps: 카우보이의 가죽바지 chargeable: 보호를 받아야 할, 에게 돌려져야 할, 외상으로 살 수 있는, 에게 지워져야할, 부과되어야할, 고소되어야할, 후불할 수 있는, 부과 되어야할, 에게 지워져야 할 chariot: 전차를 몰다, 훌륭한 수레, 꽃마차, 마차 개선차, 마차로 나르다, 사륜 경마차, 이륜 전차 charts: 차트 chasm: 단절, 빈 틈, 차이, 공백, 균열, 금, 깊게 갈라진 틈, 깊게 갈라진 폭, 결함, 깊은 구렁, 넓은 틈 chastity: 순결, 간소, 청순, 성적금욕, 정숙 chatter: 재잘거리다, 졸졸 흐르다, 끽끽 우는 소리, 재잘거림, 끽끽거리다, 달각달각 소리내다, 딱딱 맞부딪치다, 딱딱소리, 수다, 수다쟁이, 잘 지저귀는새 cheat: 속이다, 협잡, 교묘하게 피하다, 교활한 녀석, 사기, 협잡을 하다, 이럭저럭 넘기다, 바람피우다, 부정 행위, 사기 카드놀이, 협잡꾼 cheating: 부정 행위 cheerful: 즐거운, 유쾌한, 쾌활한, 싫은, 지독한, 마음으로 부터의, 기분 좋은, 기운찬, 마음을 밝게하는, 명랑한, 밝은 cheerfully: 쾌활하게, 기분좋게, 명랑하게, 기쁜 마음으로, 기꺼이 cheerfulness: 쾌활하는 것 chestnuts: 젖통이 chicken: 병아리, 닭, 어린애, 닭고기, 닭고기의, 겁 많은, 겁쟁이, 새새끼, 어린애의, 거짓말, 계집애 chiefly: 주로, 대개, 거의, 우선 child-bearing: 분만, 출산의 chin: 턱, 지껄이다, 지껄임, 턱에 갖다 대다, 잡담, 턱끝, 턱에 대다, 턱끝-지껄이다, 턱걸이 하다, 턱걸이하다 chinese: 중국의, 중국어, 중국 사람, 중국인, 중국말, 사람의, 제의, 말의, 산의, 중국 말 choked: 메인, 숨막히는, 진저리난, 막힌 chop: 상표, 입, 입구, 자르다, 턱, 찍다, 절단, 품질, 갑자기 변하다, 잘라낸 조각, 음악적 재능 christendom: 기독교국, 기독교계, 전기독교도 christianity: 기독교, 기독교 교파, 기독교적 신앙, 전기독교도 churchyard: 묘지, 구내, 교회묘지, 교회의 경내 cicero: 로마의 정치가, 케케로, 키케로 cider: 사과술, 사과주스

Jonathan Swift circular: 원형의, 회람의, 순회의, 순환성의, 에두른, 원의, 회보, 안내장, 간접적인, 고리 모양의, 고리모양의 circularly: 둥글게, 순환적으로, 원을 이루어 circulate: 여기저기 걸어다니다, 차례로 돌다, 유포되다, 원운동을 하다, 순환하다, 순환시키다, 널리 미치다, 빙빙돌다, 돌게 하다, 부지런히 돌아다니다, 유포하다 circumference: 원주, 주위, 주변, 주변의 길이, 경계선, 범위, 영역, 주변의 거리 circumspection: 세심한 주의, 신중, 주의 깊은, 용의주도함, 용의 주도한 circumspectly: 신중하게, 주의 깊게 circumstance: 환경, 사정, 사건, 부수적인 일, 상황, 처지, 사실, 의식에 구애됨, 사태, 부대사항, 어마어마함 circumstantial: 상세한, 우연한, 정황적인, 처지상의, 부수적인, 생활상태의, 정황에 의한, 형편에 따른, 추정상의 cistern: 저수지, 물 탱크, 저장기, 수조, 물이 괸곳, 저수탱크 citizen: 시민, 공민, 주민, 민간인, 국민, 단조롭고 보수적인 그룹에 속해 있는 사람, 공민권, 도시인, 융통성이 없는 딱딱한 사람, 인민, 일반인 civilise: 세련되게 하다, 문명화하다, 교화하다 civility: 정중한 태도, 정중, 정중함, 예의바름, 공손, 예의바른말, 예의바른 태도, 예의바른 말, 정중한 말 civilize: 교화하다, 개화하다, 세련되게 하다, 교양있는, 문명의, 세련된, 예의바르게 하다, 문명으로 이끌다, 문명화하다 civilized: 교화된, 예의바른, 교양이 높은, 문명화한, 개명한, 품위있는, 예의 바른 civilly: 속인적으로, 민법상, 민간으로, 민법산, 정중히, 예절바르게, 정중하게, 예의바르게, 민사적으로, 시민답게, 시민 답게 clad: 장비한, 입은, 다른 금속을 입히다, 덮인, 클래딩하다 clamour: 아우성소리 와글와글 떠들다, 외치는 소리, 부르짖음, 시끄럽게 요구하다, 떨들썩함, 외치다 clay: 점토, 육체, 찰흙, 자질, 흙, 인격, 인품, 사기담뱃대, 천성, 진흙, 인체 cleaning: 청소, 대손해, 대패배, 세탁, 깨끗이 함, 빨래, 크리닝, 쓰레기,

손질, 살인, 완패 cleanliness: 청결, 깨끗함을 좋아함, 명백함, 깨끗한, 결백, 깨끗함 cleanly: 깨끗한 것을 좋아하는, 솜씨 있게, 품위 있는, 완전히, 청결한, 완전히-깨끗한 것을 좋아하는, 조촐한, 말끔히, 개끗하게, 말쑥한, 청결히 clearness: 밝기, 명료도, 방해물이 없음, 밝음, 명석, 맑음, 투명, 아무렴 그렇고말고, 확실히, 분명함 clemency: 온화, 관용, 온정적인 조치, 인자, 인정많음, 자비로운 행위, 관대함 clergy: 성직자들, 목사, 성직자 climb: 오르다, 오르는 곳, 기어오르다, 타다, 급히 입다, 감기어 뻗어 오르다, 승진, 승진하다, 오름, 떠오르다, 상승 climbing: 기어오르는, 등산, 상승하는, 기어 오름, 등산용의, 등산용의 기어오름, 기어오름 cloak: 외투를 입히다, 망토, 구실, 가면, 뒤덮다, 가리는 것, 덮어 가리다, 외투, 은폐하다, 소매없는 외투, 소매 없는 외투 clog: 막다, 방해하다, 무겁게 하다, 무거운 통나무를 달다, 막히다, 나막신 춤을 추다, 나막신, 막히게 하다, 괴롭히다, 괴롭게 하다, 무거운통나무 closeness: 인색, 접근, 정확, 밀폐, 올이 고움, 근사, 친밀, 엄밀, 숨막힘, 답답함, 엄밀한 closet: 벽장, 사실, 비밀의, 변소, 작은 방, 비실제적인, 변기, 밀담시키다, 들어박히다, 들어박혀 있다, 다락장 cloth: 행주, 피륙, 돛, 옷감, 걸레, 검은 성직복, 모직물, 범포, 클로스, 천, 헝겊 clothing: 의류, 덮개, 돛 cloud: 구름, 흐림, 더럽히다, 구름 무늬로 아로새기다, 구름으로 덮다, 흐리다, 흐리게 하다, 애매하게 만들다, 부드러운 스카프, 먼지, 어둠 clumsy: 꼴사나운, 다루기 힘든, 쓰기 불편한, 볼품없는, 재치 없는, 어색한, 솜씨시없는, 무뚝뚝한, 모양없는, 서투른, 모양 없는 clutches: 움켜쥠 clyster: 관장, 관장약 coachman: 마부, 제물 낚시 coarse: 야비한, 조잡한, 결이 거친, 조제의, 하치의, 천한, 상스러운, 추잡한, 눈, 굵은, 거친 coarseness: 조잡, 야비, 거침, 열등, 조잡함, 추잡, 결의 거침 coasting: 연안 항행, 연안 항행의, 언덕 미끄럼 타기, 연안 무역,

295 해안선의 지형, 타성으로 나아가는, 해안선도, 내리받이 활주, 활주용 경사 cock: 수탉, 두목, 공이치기, 실없는 짓, 멧도요, 마개, 수컷, 위로 휨, 바늘, 음경, 풍향기 coffers: 금고 cogitation: 사고, 숙고, 고안, 명상, 사고력, 생각 coin: 경화, 주조하다, 가짜돈을 만들다, 경화를 넣으면 작동하는, 경화의, 만들어내다, 주화, 화폐를 주조하다, 금전, 돈, 화폐-주조하다 coincide: 일치하다, 동시에 일어나다, 의견을 같이 하다, 부합하다, 동시에 같은 공간을 차지하다 coldness: 냉담, 추위, 냉정, 차가움 colic: 복통, 산통의, 복통의, 결장의, 산통 collar: 깃, 목걸이, 칼라, 변색부, 태클, 롤 말이로 만든 돼지고기나 생선, 속박, 고리, 태클하다, 훈장, 깃을 달다 colonel: 대령, 연대장, 육군대령, 단당, 각하 colony: 식민지, 거류지, 거류민, 식민, 군거지, 이민단, 군체, 화석군, 콜로니, 집단거주지, 조계 colossus: 거인, 거상, 거대한 것, 아폴로 신의 거상, 위인, 큰 인물 coloured: 색의, 착색한, 수상쩍은, 과장한, 유색인, 채색되어 있는, 문장을 꾸민, 유색의 colt: 망아지, 초심자, 콜트식 자동 권총, 풋내기, 매듭진 채찍으로 때리다, 장난꾸러기, 밧줄로 만든 매듭진 채찍, 미숙한 사람, 미숙한 젊은이, 콜트식자동권총, 미숙한 자 columns: 열 comb: 빗, 빗질하다, 벌집, 볏, 철저히 수색하다, 물마루를 일으키며 굽이치다, 샅샅이 뒤지어 찾다굽이치다, 소면기, 빗 모양의 물건, 부서지다, 볏-빗다 combings: 빠진 털 comeliness: 예쁨, 적합, 단정함 comely: 적당한, 알맞은, 걸맞는, 자색이고운, 아름다운, 어울리는, 얼굴이 잘생긴, 미모의, 얼굴이 잘 생긴 comet: 혜성, 살별 commander: 사령관, 지휘관, 지휘자, 해군 중령, 경시장, 상급 훈작사, 부함장 commanding: 전망이 좋은, 지휘하는, 당당한, 위엄있는, 위풍당당한, 유리한 장소를 차지한 commands: 명령 commendable: 칭찬할 만한, 훌륭한,

296 기특한, 권장할 수 있는 commerce: 상업, 통상, 교제, 교섭, 교역, 무역 commit: 위탁하다, 범하다, 몸을 맡기다, 맡기다, 위원회에 회부하다, 감금하다, 수용하다, 손상하다, 속박하다, 떠맡다, 넣다 commodious: 넓은, 편리한, 널찍한 commonly: 일반적으로, 보통으로, 천하게, 보통, 통속적으로, 싸구려로 communicate: 통신하다, 전하다, 나누다, 통해 있다, 전염시키다, 전달하다, 의사를 소통하다, 성찬을 주다, 성찬을 받다, 감염시키다, 교통하다 companion: 동료, 동무, 동반자, 갑판 승강구의 덮개문, 말동무, 안내서, 이야기 상대로 고용된 여자, 짝, 천창, 최하위 훈작사, 패 compare: 비교하다, 비유하다, 비교, 맞 견주다, 대조하다, 견줌, 에 비기다, 이나 마찬가지이다, 참조하다, 필적하다, 견주다 compass: 나침반, 이해하다, 한계, 달성하다, 둘레, 에워싸다, 의 둘레를 돌다, 적당한 정도, 컴퍼스, 계획하다, 포위하다 compelling: 강제적인, -하지 않을 수 없는, 강력한, 사람을 가만히 두지 않는, 어쩔 수 없는, 억지의, 감탄하지 않을수 없는 competent: 자격이 있는, 유능한, 충분한, 요구에 맞는, 상당한, 능력이 있는, 허용되는, 합법적인, 적당한, 심리권을 가진 complain: 호소하다, 고소하다, 불평하다, 슬픈 소리를 내다, 하소연하다, 투덜거리다, 불평을하다, 불만을 털어놓다, 신음하다, 앓다, 푸념하다 complaint: 불평, 불평거리, 고소, 병, 투덜거림, 비난, 원고의 첫 진술, 불만, 푸념 complaints: 불만 complaisant: 공손한, 상냥한, 유순한, 정중한, 고분고분한 complexion: 안색, 외관, 형세, 모양, 양상, 형편, 혈색, 얼굴빛, 얼굴의 살갗 compliance: 순종, 응낙, 컴플라이언스, 승낙, 응락, 친절, 추종 complicated: 복잡한, 풀기어려운, 뒤얽힌 compliment: 찬사, 경의, 칭찬하다, 의례적인 인사말, 경의를 표하다, 경의의 표시, 아첨, 대갚음하다인사하다, 듣기 좋은 말을 하다, 따리, 영광된 일

Gulliver’s Travels compliments: 의례적인 인사말 comply: 따르다, 응하다, 승낙하다 compose: 짓다, 구성하다, 조립하다, 조정하다, 작곡하다, 식자하다, 안치하다, 작문하다, 짜맞추다, 가다듬다, 쓰다 composed: 침착한, 으로 구성되어, 차분한 composition: 작곡, 작문, 조립, 혼합물, 구성, 구성물, 기질, 문장, 식자, 성질, 복합 composure: 침착, 냉정, 평정, 자제 comprehend: 이해하다, 포함하다, 함축하다 comprehension: 이해, 포함, 함축, 이해력, 포용력, 포용주의, 내포 computation: 계산, 계량, 계산결과, 산정수치, 컴퓨터의 사용, 평가 compute: 계산하다, 어림하다, 평가하다, 추정하다, 산정하다, 컴퓨터로 계산하다 comrade: 동무, 동지, 친구, 동료, 동료다운, 전우, 조합원 concave: 요면, 오목면, 오목한, 오목하게 하다, 오목해지다, 요면의, 오목함 conceal: 숨기다, 감추다, 비밀로 하다, 내색하지 않다 concealed: 숨기는 conceit: 기발한 착상, 자부심, 자만, 호의, 생각하다, 착상, 호감, 이 마음에 들다, 독단, 자부, 우쭐대다 conceited: 자부심이 강한, 변덕스러운, 젠체하는, 뽐내는 conceive: 상상하다, 임신하다, 배다, 이해하다, 마음에 품다, 착상하다, 마음에품다, 말로표현하다, 라고 생각하다, 생각하다, 생각해 내다 conceiving: 상상하는 것 conception: 임신, 구상, 착상, 개념, 태아, 창안, 생각, 고안, 계획, 개념작용, 개념 작용 concerted: 협정된, 합창용으로 편곡된, 합의된, 협약이 이루어진, 합주용으로 편곡된 conclude: 체결하다, 끝내다, 말을 맺다, 끝나다, 결론을 내리다, 마치다, 결론하다, 결말짓다, 결정하다, 마무리하다, 추단하다 concourse: 집합, 경마장, 군중, 경기장, 군집, 합류, 큰 길, 중앙광장, 중앙홀, 중앙 광장 concupiscence: 색욕, 정욕, 탐욕, 음욕, 욕정, 욕망, 현세욕 condemn: 불량품으로 결정하다, 비난하다, 불치의 선고를 내리다, 유죄 판결을 하다, 유죄로 보이게 하다, 운명지우다, 수용하다, 나무라다, 죄를 선고하다, 책망하다,

폐기처분을 선고하다 condemned: 저주받은, 유죄 선고를 받은, 사형수의, 몰수학로 된, 유죄선고를 받은, 사용 부적으로 판정된, 몰수로 정해진, 구제할 길 없는, 몰수하기로 된 condescend: 짐짓 친절하게 대하다, 창피를 무릅쓰고 하다, 자기를 낮추다, 겸손히행하다, 겸손, 겸손한, 겸허, 굽히다, 대등한 처지가 되다, 은혜를 베푸는 것처럼 굴다, 친절히 하다 conductor: 전도체, 지휘자, 안내자, 지도자, 피뢰침, 차장, 관리인, 수로 도관, 도체, 도선, 경영자 confederacy: 연합, 도당, 공모, 동맹, 동맹국, 연합체 연방, 연방, 남부 연방 confer: 수여하다, 주다, 협의하다, 회담하다, 의논하다, 비교하라 confess: 자인하다, 자백하다, 고해를 듣다, 고해하다, 참회하다, 고백하다, 자공하다, 공언하다 confessed: 정평있는, 명백한, 인정된, 인정받은, 자인한 confession: 자백, 고해, 고백, 고백서, 자인, 신앙고백, 구술서 confide: 신임하다, 이야기하다, 신뢰하다, 신탁하다, 위탁하다, 맡기다, 털어놓다 confine: 가두다, 감금하다, 경계, 제한하다, 한정하다, 감금, 범위, 억류, 영역, 제한, 국경 confined: 갇힌, 외출이 금지된, 좁은, 한정된, 해산 자리에 누워 confinement: 제한, 감금, 해산, 유폐, 틀어박힘, 억류, 한계, 산욕, 국한, 해산자리에 누움 confirm: 확인하다, 추인하다, 견진례를 베풀다, 견고히 하다, 굳게하다, 확립하다, 강하게하다, 확실하게하다, 확증하다, 확실하게 하다 confound: 혼동하다, 꺾다, 저주하다, 좌절시키다, 제기랄, 당황케하다, 곤혹케 하다, 난처하게 하다, 당황케 하다, 제기랄 가벼운 욕 망할 자식, 제기랄 망할 자식 confounded: 엄청난, 지독한, 당황한, 괘씸한, 경칠놈의, 어처구니없는 confused: 혼란스러운, 당황한, 혼란한, 어리둥절한, 지리멸렬한, 낭패한 congratulate: 축하하다, 축사를 하다, 축하의 말을 하다, 경축하다 congruity: 일치, 합동, 적합, 조화 conjecture: 추측, 추측하다, 어림대고 말하다, 어림짐작, 억측하다, 억측, 판독, 판독하다

Jonathan Swift conjunction: 접속사, 결합, 연결, 접속, 합, 동시 발생, 접합, 합동, 삭, 연락 conjuring: 마술, 요술 conquered: 패자, 피정복자 conquering: 정복하는 conscience: 양심, 도의심, 선악의 관념 consciousness: 의식, 자각, 지각, 감지, 심상 consequently: 따라서, 필연적으로, 그러므로, 그 결과로서 consist: 양립하다, 에 있다, 일치하다, 에 존재하다, 되어있다, 로되다, 일관성, 이루어져 있다, 농도, 되어 있다, 견실성 consistence: 농도, 일관성, 견실성, 밀도, 언행일치 consort: 배우자, 조화하다, 동행선, 요함, 사귀다, 동료, 교제하다, 요정, 조화있게 결합시키다, 교체하다, 조화 있게 결합시키다 conspiracy: 음모, 공동모의, 공모, 동시발생, 모의, 불법공모, 음모단, 불법 공모 conspire: 공모하다, 협력하다, 음모하다, 동시에 발생하다, 와 기맥을 통하다, 음모를 꾸미다 constancy: 항구성, 지조가 굳음, 불변, 절개, 절조, 불변성, 수절 constellation: 별자리, 배치, 성좌, 화려한것의 무리, 화려하게 차린 신사 숙녀의 한 무리, 성운, 배열, 기라성같은모임, 성위, 화려하게 차린 신사 숙녀의 한무리 consult: 고려하다, 상의하다, 참고하다, 찾다, 의견을 묻다, 조사하다, 의견을 듣다, 상담하다, 진찰을 받다, 의논하다, 컨설턴트 직을 맡다 consultation: 참고, 상담, 참조, 상의, 전문가의 회의, 협의회, 협의, 감정, 진찰, 자문, 심의회 consulting: 자문의, 진찰 전문의, 잔찰을 위한, 진찰의, 고문의 consume: 소비하다, 다하다, 소멸하다, 소멸시키다, 바싹 여위게 하다, 소비되다, 마음을 좀먹다, 다써버리다, 다 먹어버리다, 소모하다, 낭비하다 consummate: 완전한, 유능한, 마치다, 완성된, 완성하다, 이루다, 극점에 달하게 하다, 더없는, 무상의, 성취하다, 신방에 들어완성시키다 contained: 억제하는, 조심스러운 contemn: 경멸하다, 모멸하다 contemplation: 숙고, 계획, 예상, 묵상, 응시, 예기, 망상, 눈여겨봄, 정관, 기도

contempt: 치욕, 경멸, 모욕, 멸시, 모멸, 수치, 업신여김, 창피, 모욕죄 contemptible: 비열한, 경멸할 만한, 멸시할, 한심한, 타기할, 치사한, 천시할 만한, 경멸할만한, 경멸한 만한 contemptuous: 경멸적인, 사람을 얕잡아보는, 오만 무례, 경멸하여 contemptuously: 모욕적으로, 경멸하여 contend: 다투다, 논쟁하다, 주장하다, 항쟁하다, 투쟁하다, 싸우다, 경쟁하다, 경쟁자, 주장자, 논쟁자 contented: 만족하고 있는, 흡족해 하는, 달갑게 하는, 만족한 continent: 대륙, 본토, 육지, 성욕을 절제하는, 자제심이 있는, 금욕의, 극기의, 정숙한, 자제하여, 배설 억제 능력이 있는, 금욕적인 continual: 빈번한, 계속적인, 끊임없는, 자주 일어나는, 연속적인 continually: 빈번히, 줄곧, 계속해서, 끊임없이, 계속적으로 continuance: 계속, 연속, 지속, 체류, 존속, 연기, 계속 기간 continuation: 계속, 연장, 연속, 속편, 지속, 재개, 짧은 바지의 무릎 이하의 부분, 계속됨, 이연, 존속, 이월거래 contracted: 수축한, 옹졸한, 계약한, 인색한, 찌푸린, 도량이 좁은, 단축한, 수축된 contradict: 모순되다, 부정하다, 반박하다, 반대하다, 부인하다 contrary: 반대의, 심술궂은, 상반하는 사물, 정반대, 반대로, 거꾸로, 역, 불리한, 거꾸로의, 반대명제, 외고집의 contribute: 기고하다, 기부하다, 이바지하다, 기여하다, 기부를 하다, 주다, 의 한 도움이 되다, 기증하다, 공헌하다, 의 한 원인이 되다 contrivance: 고안품, 계략, 장치, 계획, 연구, 고안, 모략, 연구의 재간 contrive: 연구하다, 꾸미다, 고안하다, 계획하다, 일부러 저지르다, 꾀하다, 꾸려나가다, 설계하다, 획책하다, 일부러 초래하다, 꾸려 나가다 contrived: 부자연스러운, 인위적인 contriver: 고안자, 계략자, 잘 꾸려 나가는 사람, 연구자, 변통을 잘 하는 사람 contriving: 도모 controversy: 논쟁, 논의, 논전 convenience: 편의, 편리, 변소, 편리한 것, 형편좋음, 이기, 편익, 사정, 공중 변소 conveniences: 의식주의 편리 convenient: 편리한, 에 가까운, 형편이 좋은, 손쉬운, 형편이좋은,

297 간편한 손쉽고 편리한, 사용하기 좋은, 부근에 conveniently: 편리하게, 형편좋게, 형편이 좋게도, 알맞게 conversant: 친교가 있는, 밝은, 친한, 잘알고있는, 정통한 converse: 담화, 교제, 반대, 뒤바뀐, 전환 명제, 친하게 사귀다, 함께 이야기하다, 역, 거꾸로의, 이야기하다, 회화 convert: 횡령하다, 개종자, 바꾸다, 추가 득점을 하다, 추가 득점이 되다, 차환하다, 전환하다, 변화하다, 변하게 하다, 개심시키다, 개심자 convey: 양도하다, 전달하다, 나르다, 전하다, 뜻하다, 알리다, 옮기다, 나타내다, 운반하다, 시사하다 conviction: 죄의 자각, 설득, 회오, 확신, 신념, 유죄의 판결, 설득력, 유죄판결 convince: 확신시키다, 납득시키다, 수긍하게하다 convinced: 확신을 가진, 신념이 있는 convincing: 납득이가는, 설득력 있는 convulsions: 경련, 웃음의 발작 copious: 풍부한, 내용이 풍부한, 많은, 말수가많은, 말이 많은, 자세히 서술하는, 막대한 copper: 구리, 구리빛의, 동, 동전, 주홍부전나비속의 나비, 순경, 동화, 동산주, 취사용 보일러, 구리의, 구리빛 copse: 잡목숲, 작은 관목 숲 coquetry: 교태, 아양, 아양 부림, 요염, 요염한 행위 cord: 코드, 새끼로 묶다, 새끼, 굴레, 장작의 평수, 골지게 짠 직물의 이랑, 끈, 가는바로묶다, 코듀로이, 노끈, 삭상조직 cordage: 밧줄, 코드수, 삭구, 배의 밧줄, 코드 수 cordial: 강심제, 강장제, 코디얼, 원기를 돋구는, 충심으로부터의, 달콤한술, 과일주스에 물을 탄 음료, 강심성의, 성실한, 성심성의의, 주스 cords: 굴레, 코듀로이 바지 corn: 옥수수, 밀, 티눈, 곡물, 낟알, 못, 귀리, 감상적인 음악, 곡초, 뿔이 있는의 뜻, 소금을 뿌리다 cornish: 영국 콘월 지방의, 콘월 사람의, 콘월 말, 영국 콘월 지방산의, 콘월 말의 corrosion: 부식으로 생긴 것, 부식, 소모, 침식, 부식작용, 마음을 좀 먹기, 마음을 좀먹기 corrupt: 타락시키다, 타락한, 개악하다, 오염된, 매수하다, 순수성을 잃은, 부정한, 뇌물이 통하는, 믿을 수 없는, 부도덕한,

298 전와된 corruption: 부패, 타락, 전와, 순수성 상실, 개악, 매수, 폐풍, 퇴폐, 부정, 변조, 독직 costly: 희생이 큰, 값비싼, 비용이 많이 드는, 사치한, 호사스러운, 값이비싼, 값이 비싼, 손실이 큰 cotton: 목화, 솜, 무명, 면사, 이 좋아지다, 무명실, 면의, 솜털, 호감을 가지다, 탈지면, 을 이해하다 counsel: 상담, 협의, 계획, 충고, 조언하다, 변호사, 결심, 법률고문, 사려, 조언, 평의 countenance: 원조, 장려하다, 호의를 보이다, 침착, 표정, 승인하다, 허용하다, 찬조, 찬성하다, 찬성, 지지 counterfeit: 위조하다, 흉내내다, 모조의, 모조품, 모조하다, 허위의, 위조의, 위조 물건, 와 아주 흡사하다, 위작, 속이다 counterpoise: 와 균형을 이루다, 평형, 균형, 보충하다, 평형추, 평균시키다, 카운터포이즈, 균세물, 균세, 매설 지선, 균형이 잡히게 하다 counterview: 대항, 반대의견, 대면 courage: 용기, 담력, 용감, 배짱 courser: 준마, 군마, 사냥개, 사냥하는 사람, 제비물떼새, 사냥꾼 courteous: 예의바른, 정중한, 친절한 courtesy: 호의, 예의, 예의상의, 정중함, 우대, 친절, 우대의, 공손, 인사, 정중한 행위, 특별 대우 courtier: 알랑쇠, 조신, 아첨꾼, 정신 courtly: 아첨하는, 공손한, 아첨하여, 품위있는, 품위 있게, 점잖은, 우아한, 예의바른, 기품있는, 궁정풍으로, 궁정의 courtship: 구애, 구혼, 구혼기간, 구혼 기간 cousin: 사촌, 같은 계통의 것, 친척, 경, 친한 친구, 봉, 사촌간, 얼간이, 일가, 종자, 종형 coverlet: 침대보, 침대커버, 침대 덮개, 덮개 covetous: 몹시 탐내는, 탐욕스러운, 열망하는 cow: 암소, 암컷, 으르다, 단정치 못한 여자, 위협하다, 겁을 먹게하다, 젖소, 축우 cowardice: 겁, 비겁, 소심 cowardly: 겁을 내어, 겁많은, 비겁한, 비열한, 비겁하게도, 겁 많은 crack: 결점, 굴복하다, 변성, 갑작스런 날카로운 소리, 재치있는말, 시도, 지껄이다, 자랑, 날카로운 폭음을 내다, 떨어뜨리다, 갈라진 금 cradle: 요람, 발상지, 낫에 덧대는 틀,

Gulliver’s Travels 선광기, 요람에 넣다, 흔들어 어르다, 어린시절, 어린이 침대, 요람모양의 받침대, 선광대, 애무하다 cramming: 벼락공부, 잔뜩 처넣음, 주입식 공부, 주입 cranny: 갈라진 틈, 깨어진 틈 crawl: 기어가다, 들끓다, 서행하다, 근질근질하다, 활어조, 살금살금 걸어다니다, 댄스, 크롤 수영법, 우글거리다, 크롤로 헤엄치다, 포복 crawling: 크롤링, 벼룩이 꾄, 이가 꾄 crazy: 미친, 굉장히 좋은, 열중한, 결함이 많은, 열광적인, 흔들거리는, 흥분해 있는, 반한, 흔들흔들하는, 나무랄 데 없는, 열광한 cream: 크림, 정수, 완전히 해치우다, 알짜를 뽑다, 더껑이, 화장용 크림, 크림 과자, 정화, 크림으로 만든, 휘저어 크림 모양으로 만들다, 크림을 분리하다 creature: 생물, 창조물, 인간, 노예, 소산, 녀석, 사람, 가공의 동물, 지배 당하는 자, 여자, 부하 credentials: 신임장 credulity: 고지식함, 믿기 쉬움, 경신, 쉽게 믿음 creek: 작은 만, 후미, 작은 내, 크리크 동맹, 크리크 말, 크리크족, 지류, 내포, 작은내, 크리크, 크리크 사람 creep: 포복, 기다, 살살 기다, 소리를 죽여 걷다, 근질근질하다, 탐해구로 해저를 더듬다, 지층의 변형, 점점 어긋나 움직이다, 섬뜩해지는 느낌, 살금살금 걷다, 슬며시 접근하다 creeping: 탐해법, 남몰래 빌붙는, 기어 돌아다니는, 아첨, 느린, 근질근질한 느낌, 기기, 근질근질하는, 포복, 잠행성의, 은밀한 crest: 꼭대기, 볏, 갈기, 도가머리, 물마루, 산꼭대기, 새깃 장식, 용마루, 관모, 꼭대기 장식, 머리장식 crier: 포고를 알리는 광고꾼, 정리, 광고꾼, 포고 따위를 외치며 알리는 사람, 외치며 파는 상인, 외치는사람, 부르짖는 사람, 도붓 장수, 우는 사람, 외치는 사람 critic: 비평가, 비판하는 사람, 혹평가, 감정가, 흠잡는사람, 흠잡기를 일삼는 사람, 평론가, 비평가의, 임계의, 비평의, 비판적인 crop: 멀떠구니, 심다, 자르다, 수확하다, 수확고, 채찍의 손잡이, 무리, 노두, 농작물, 동물 한 마리 분의 무두질한 가죽, 막깎기 crowded: 붐비는, 혼잡한, 만원의, 파란 만장의, 다사다난한, 붐비다, 장소가 가득 차서, 가득 차서 crowned: 왕관을 쓴, 춤이 있는,

왕위에 오른, 관식을 단 crucifix: 십자 현수, 십자가, 십자가예수상, 큰시련, 모진박해, 그리수도 수난상, 그리스도 수난상, 십자 매달리기 cruel: 잔인한, 심한, 잔혹한, 아주, 몹시, 지독하게, 무정한, 무참한, 비차만, 비참한, 지독한 cruelly: 잔인하게, 몹시, 지독하게, 잔혹하게 cruelty: 잔학, 잔인한 행위, 끔찍함, 잔혹, 학대, 잔인성, 무자비 crust: 철면피, 빵 껍질, 겉껍질로 덮다, 딱딱한 표면, 머리, 부스럼 딱지, 겉, 양식, 뻔뻔스러움, 식빵의껍질, 생계 crying: 외치는, 긴급한, 울부짖는, 심한, 좌시할 수없는, 지독한 cub: 견습생, 애송이, 야수의 새끼, 새끼를 낳다, 풋내기 신문기자, 수습기자, 풋내기의, 풋내기, 새끼여우 사냥을 하다, 새끼 짐승, 본데없는아이 cudgel: 곤봉으로 때리다, 곤장, 곤봉 cultivate: 경작하다, 재배하다, 교화하다, 구하다, 기르다, 양성하다, 갈다, 연마하다, 우아한, 교화된, 교양있는 cultivated: 경작된, 양식된, 세련된, 개간된, 배양된, 교양있는, 재배된, 교양 있는 cumbersome: 성가신, 주체스러운, 귀찮은, 방해가 되는, 방해되는, 장애가 되는 cunning: 교묘한, 교활한, 귀여운, 노련한, 멋있는, 숙련, 솜씨, 현명한, 재간있는, 약삭빠른, 빈틈없음 cunningly: 교활하게, 교묘하게 cupola: 둥근 지붕, 선회 포탑, 큐폴라, 둥근 지붕의 탑, 둥근 천장, 반구모양의 융기, 용선로, 반구 모양의 기관, 반구 모양의 융기, 둥근 지붕의 꼭대기 탑 curb: 구속, 억제하다, 재갈을 물리다, 정자 테, 비절후종, 장외 시장, 연석을 깔다, 연석, 재갈, 장외 시장의 중개인들, 고삐 cure: 치유, 치료하다, 고치다, 치료, 양생하다, 치료법, 영혼의 구제, 목사직, 낫다, 가황, 가황하다 curiosity: 호기심, 골동품, 진기함, 진기한 것, 신기함, 진기한것 curious: 이상한, 호기심이 강한, 진서인, 면밀한, 묘한, 호기심을 끄는, 진기한, 정성들인, 캐기 좋아하는, 외설한, 알고 싶어하는 cursed: 저주할, 심술궂은, 저주스러움, 심술통, 지겨운, 심사 사나운, 저부받은, 천벌받은,

Jonathan Swift 지긋지긋한, 가증스러운, 저주 받은 curtains: 한 권의 끝 cushion: 완충물, 쿠션, 쿠션 꼴을 한 것, 공기 쿠션, 가라앉히다, 허리띠에 대는 헝겊받침, 쿠션을 달다, 쿠션으로 받치다, 안석, 베이스, 방석 custody: 보관, 감금, 후견, 보호, 관리, 구류 custom: 풍습, 습관, 관습, 세관, 애고, 관세, 규칙, 관례, 고객, 단골, 돌봐줌 customs: 세관 cycloid: 파선, 사이클로이드, 원린어, 원린어과의, 원형의 cylinder: 원통, 실린더, 원주, 회전통, 봄베, 탄창, 원통형의 석인, 통, 윤전기, 기관의실린더, 온수탱크 damaging: 불리한 진술, 손해를 끼치는, 해로운 damp: 습기, 못살게 굴다, 낙담시키다, 낙담, 기를 꺽다, 실망, 축죽한, 축축하게하다, 습기 있는축축하게 하다, 방해-축죽한, 방해 dancing: 무도, 춤, 댄스 홀, 무도장, 댄스 연습, 댄스 dapple: 얼룩지다, 얼룩진, 얼룩지게 하다 dare: 도전하다, 위험을 무릅쓰다, 모험적으로 해보다, 감히 ~ 하다, 용기가 있다, 도전, 무릅쓰다 daring: 겁이 없는, 대담무쌍한, 대담한, 모험적인 기상, 모험적인 용기 darling: 가장 사랑하는 사람, 귀여운, 당신, 가장 사랑하는, 가장 귀여워하는 사람 darts: 다츠 dash: 대시, 끼얹다, 단숨에 하다, 내던지다, 단거리 경주, 기운, 기미, 기를 꺽다, 허세, 충동, 위세 dashed: 괘씸한, 굉장히, 낙심한, 의기 소침한, 지독히 dashing: 기운찬, 멋부린, 화려한, 기세 좋은, 위세 당당한 daytime: 주간, 낮 deadly: 치명적인, 심한, 몹시, 죽음 같은, 주검처럼, 용서 할수 없는, 용서 할수 없는-주검처럼, 죽음과 같은, 죽은 사람과 같은, 매우 효과적인, 살려둘 수 없는 dealer: 어떤 특정의 행동을 하는 사람, 상안, 패도르는 사람, 상인, 패돌리는 사람, 카드 패를 도르는 사람, 행동을 하는 사람, 불법적인 마약 거래자, 업자 dealings: 교섭 dearth: 부족, 기근, 결핍 debauched: 우혹의, 타락의, 퇴페의, 타락한 decay: 부패하다, 부패, 썩다,

쇠미하다, 쇠미, 쇠하다, 부식하다, 자연 붕괴하다, 부식, 부패시키다 decayed: 부식하는 deceived: 사기하는 decency: 예의, 체면, 점잖음, 예의 범절, 체면상, 보통의 살림에 필요한 물건, 어엿한 생활에 필요한 것, 예절 바름, 보기 흉하지 않음, 관대 decent: 친절한, 적당한, 어울리는, 관대한, 상당한 신분의, 남보기 흉하지 않은, 어지간한, 남앞에 나서도 될 만큼 옷을 입은, 예절 바른 decipher: 암호를 풀다, 번역하다, 해독하다, 수수께끼를 풀다, 풀다 decisive: 결정적인, 확고한, 과단성 있는, 움직이기 어겨운, 단화한, 중대한, 움직이기 어려운, 명확한, 단호한 deck: 갑판, 단장하다, 꾸미다, 평평한 지붕, 갑판을 깔다, 지면, 갑판에 나와서, 지면-갑판을 깔다, 다음 타자가 되어, 준비되어, 전투 준비를 하다 declaration: 선언, 신고, 포고, 미국 독립 선언, 진술, 신고서, 득점 발표 declare: 언명하다, 선언하다, 성명하다, 신고하다, 공언하다, 언명해 놓고 그만두다, 신고하다공언하다, 단언하다, 나타내다, 알리다, 포고하다 declining: 기울어, 쇠하여, 기우는 declivity: 하향, 내리막, 내리받이, 내리받이길 decree: 법령, 포고하다, 포고, 명영, 정하다, 명하다, 판결, 판결-명하다, 법원의 명령, 신의, 법령을 포고하다 decrees: 교령집 deducible: 연역할수있는, 추론할 수 있는, 추론할수있는 defeated: 쳐부수는 defect: 결점, 결함, 부족, 결손 defective: 불완전한, 결점 있는, 활용형의 일부가 없는, 결점이 있는, 지능적으로 표준 이하인, 모자라는 점이 있는, 결함이 있는 defectiveness: 하자, 결함, 결여 defects: 결점들 defend: 변호하다, 지키다, 방위하다, 방어하다, 답변하다, 항변하다, 옹호하다 deficient: 결함 있는, 불충분한, 부족한 defile: 더럽히다, 종대로 행진하다, 종대로 시키다, 애로 define: 정의를 내리다, 명확히 하다, 한계를 정하다, 규정짓다, 밝히다, 특징짓다 deformed: 흉한, 불구의, 일그러진

299 deformity: 추함, 결함, 불구, 신체 장애자, 기형, 신체의 기형 부분 defray: 지불하다, 부담하다 defy: 도전하다, 무시하다, 반항하다, 거부하다, 허용하지 않다 degeneracy: 퇴화, 퇴보, 타락, 성적 도착, 축퇴 degenerate: 타락한, 퇴보한, 퇴보하다, 나빠지다, 퇴화한, 타락자 degrading: 품위를 떨어뜨리는, 타락시키는, 창피스러운, 치사한, 부패시키는, 자존심을 멍들게하는, 자존심을 떨어뜨리는 dejected: 기운 없는, 낙담한, 낙심한 delicious: 맛있는, 멜리셔스, 유쾌한멜리셔스, 유쾌한, 상쾌한 delight: 기쁨, 기뻐하다, 즐기다, 즐겁게하다, 유쾌, 기쁘게 하는 것, 매우 기쁘게 하다 delighted: 기쁜, 매우 즐거운 delightful: 매우 기쁜, 즐거운 delineate: 윤곽을 그리다, 묘사하다 deliver: 배달하다, 구해내다, 연설을 하다, 넘겨주다, 석방을 하다, 분만하다, 후보자을 위하여 표를 모으다, 분만시키다, 넘겨 주다, 가하다, 해방시키다 deliverance: 구출, 해방, 진술, 진술의 공표, 평결, 액막이, 석방, 발표, 구조, 공식 의견, 의견 delivered: 인도의 demeanour: 행실, 품행, 태도 demesne: 소유, 범위, 영지, 지역, 토지의 점유, 점유지, 저택에 따른 땅 demonstrate: 논증하다, 시위운동을하다, 실물선전하다, 표시하다, 증명하다, 실지 교수로 가르치다, 시위 운동을 하다, 시위 데모를 하다, 설명하다, 군사력을 과시하다, 실물로 선전하다 demonstration: 논증, 실물 선전, 시위 운동, 군사력의 과시, 감정의 표명, 실물교수, 실험교수, 표명, 데모 demosthenes: 데모스테네스 denote: 표시하다, 나타내다, 의미하다, 외연을 나타내다, 의 상징이다, 의 표시이다 deny: 부정하다, 면회를 거절하다, 거절하다, 부인하다 depart: 벗어나다, 출발하다, 떠나다, 빗나가다, 세상을 떠나다 departure: 이탈, 출발, 발차, 변경, 출발의, 동서 거리, 새 발전, 사망 dependence: 신뢰, 의존, 종속, 의지, 의존증, 의지하는 것, 의뢰, 미결, 의존 관계 deplorable: 비참한, 슬퍼할, 가엾은, 애처로운, 통탄할

300 deportment: 태도, 행실, 처신, 품행, 행동, 행동 거지, 행동거지, 거동 depose: 폐하다, 증언하다, 면직시키다, 물러나게 하다, 선서 증언하다 depressed: 움푹 들어간, 저하된, 볼황의, 불황의, 내리 줄린, 궁핍한, 내리 줄인, 내려앉은, 표준 이하의, 의기 소침한 depression: 침하, 저기압, 우묵 팬곳, 하락, 함몰, 억압, 우울, 움푹한 땅, 의기소침, 불황, 의기 소침 deprive: 빼앗다, 저해하다, 면직시키다, 파면하다, 면직하다 deprived: 가난한, 가난한 사람들, 불우한 derivation: 유래, 유도, 기원, 파생, 끌어냄, 파생물 derived: 유래된, 파생된 descant: 상설, 노래하다, 가곡, 상설하다, 상설하다-노래하다, 수창, 연주하다, 상세하게 설명하다 descartes: 데카르트 descend: 내려가다, 타락하다, 내리다, 급승하다, 전해지다, 축소하다, 지평선 쪽으로 움직이다, 습격하다, 내리받이가 되다, 남 쪽으로 움직이다, 계통을 잇다 descended: 유래한, 전해진 descending: 내려가는, 강하하는, 하향의 descent: 내리받이, 상속, 하강, 가계, 내리받이 길, 강하, 가문, 급습, 세습, 한 세대, 혈통 deserve: 값어치가 있다, 받을 만하다, 할 만하다 deserved: 당연한 deservedly: 당연히 deserving: 받을 가치가 있는, 보상받을 만한, 원조 받을 만한 desired: 옳은, 훌륭한, 바랐던, 희망했던 desirous: 원하는, 바라는 desolate: 황량한, 황폐케하다, 황폐한, 음산한, 고독한, 사람이 안 사는, 시람이 안 사는, 쓸쓸한, 내버려진 desolation: 쓸쓸함, 황폐, 황량, 서글픔, 페허, 폐허, 서글품, 황폐케함 despair: 절망, 절망의 근원, 절망하다, 자포자기 despatch: 없애버리다, 특파 하다, 운송 대리점, 신속, 재빨리 해치우다, 급파, 급송 공문서, 급파 하다 desperate: 필사적인, 자포자기의, 절망적인, 터무니없는, 극도의 despicable: 비열한, 야비한, 경멸할 만한 despise: 경멸하다

Gulliver’s Travels desponding: 기죽은, 낙담하여 destiny: 운명, 천명, 하늘, 하늘의 뜻 destroy: 멸하다, 파괴하다, 폐하다, 죽이다, 망치다, 논파하다, 소실시키다 destruction: 파괴, 멸망, 절멸, 파멸의 원인 destructive: 파괴적인, 유해한, 파멸시키는, 파괴주의적인, 해를 끼치는 determinate: 단호한, 확정적인, 일정한, 한정된 detestable: 몹시 싫은, 혐오할 만한 detestation: 혐오, 몹시 싫은 것, 심한 혐오, 아주 싫은 것, 아주 싫어함 detract: 떨어뜨리다, 손상시키다, 손상 시티다, 나쁘게 말하다, 딴데로 돌리다, 떨어지다 devilishly: 극악무도하게, 지독하게, 악마같이 devote: 바치다 devoted: 헌신적인, 골몰하여, 저주받은, 몸을 바친, 애정이 깊은, 열애하는, 골몰하는, 헌납된 devotion: 귀의, 헌신, 애착, 전념, 기도, 전렴 devour: 탐독하다, 멸망시키다, 개걸스럽게 먹다, 먹어치우다, 개걸스럽게먹다, 이성을 빼앗다, 게걸스레 먹다 devout: 성실한, 열심인, 경건한, 독실한 신자들, 마음에서 우러나는, 믿음이 깊은 dexterity: 영리, 손재주 있음, 오른손잡이, 재치 dexterous: 기민한, 능란한, 영리한, 손재주가 있는, 민첩한, 오른손잡이의 dexterously: 빈틈없이, 솜씨좋게, 오른손으로, 기민하게 dialect: 방언, 통용어, 파생언어, 지방 사투리, 한 계급 특유의 통용어, 한 직업 특유의 통용어 diameter: 직경, 지름, 배 diamond: 다이아몬드, 금강석, 마름모꼴, 거칠지만 실은 훌륭한 인물, 천연 그대로의 다이아몬드, 다이아몬드 모양, 내야, 금강석제의, 금강석의, 다이아패 diamonds: 다이아 패 한 벌 dictate: 지령, 받아쓰게하다, 명령, 명령하다, 명령하다-명령, 지령하다, 지시하다, 구술하다, 글을 받아쓰게 하다 dictionary: 사전, 사서, 옥편, 자전 differ: 의견을 달리하다, 다르다, 논쟁하다 diffused: 확산된, 널리 퍼진 dig: 파다, 탐구하다, 찌르다, 알다,

주의를 기울이다, 캐내다, 쿡 찌르기, 파나가다, 파서 뚫다, 꾸준히 공부하다, 꾸준히 공부하다- 한번 찌르기 digestion: 소화, 소화 작용, 소화제 digging: 채광, 금광, 채굴지, 파기, 하숙, 광산 dignity: 존엄, 위엄, 관록, 품위, 체면에 관계되다, 위풍, 위계, 고위 인사 digression: 지엽으로 흐름, 여담, 탈선, 이각 diligence: 부지런함, 근면, 승합마차, 근민, 합승 마차 diligent: 부지런한, 근면한 diligently: 부지런히, 애써, 근면하게, 부지런하게, 열심히 dimensions: 넓이 diminish: 줄이다, 감소시키다, 줄다 diminished: 감소된, 권위가 떨어진, 반음 줄인, 감손된 diminishing: 점감하는, 차츰 줄어드는, 체감하는 diminution: 김소, 축소, 감소, 가늘어짐 diminutive: 지소의, 지소사, 작은, 소형의 dim-sighted: 시력이 약한 dine: 정찬을 들다, 식사를 하다, 식사할 수 있다, 만찬을 대접하다, 정찬을 먹다, 정찬을 대접하다 dining: 식사 directed: 규제된, 유도된, 지시받은 dirt: 진흙, 쓰레기, 오물, 비열한 언사, 흙, 토지, 먼지, 욕, 굴욕을 참다, 폐석, 욕설 disadvantage: 불리한 입장, 불편, 불리, 불리하게 하다 disagreeable: 불쾌한, 까다로운, 마음에 안 드는, 불유쾌한 disappointed: 실망한 disappointment: 실망 disapprobation: 안된다고 함 disbelief: 불신, 의혹 discern: 분간하다, 지각하다, 인식하다, 차이를 알다, 뚜렷하게 인식하다, 보고 분간하다, 식별하다 discharge: 발사하다, 방전, 방출하다, 이행하다, 방전하다, 해임, 짐을부리다, 번지다, 해고, 해고하다, 발사 discipline: 훈련, 징계하다, 규율, 훈육, 제어, 훈련하다, 징계, 징계훈련하다, 억제, 학과, 단련하다 discoloured: 변색시키는, 퇴색시키는 discompose: 마음을 어지럽히다, 불안케 하다, 안정을 잃게 하다 discomposed: 마음이 산란해진, 침착을 잃은

Jonathan Swift disconsolate: 쓸쓸한, 허전한, 서글픈, 슬퍼서, 우울한 discontent: 불만, 불만을 품게하다, 불만의 원인, 불만이 있는, 불평이 있는 discontented: 불만스러운, 불만을 품은 discount: 할인하다, 할인, 에누리하여 생각하다, 에누리하여 듣다, 가치를 줄이다, 효과를 줄이다, 할인하여 사들이다, 할인하여 팔다 discouraged: 낙담한, 낙심한, 술에 취한 discourse: 담화, 논설, 설교, 이야기, 강연, 강연하다, 논술하다, 강화 discreet: 사려가 깊은, 신중한, 분별 있는, 분별있는, 지각있는, 사려있는 disdain: 경멸, 경멸하다, 경멸하다경멸적인, 경멸적인, 경멸감, 할 가치가 없다고 생각하다 diseased: 병적인, 병의, 병에 걸린 disengaged: 약속이 없는, 한가한, 자유로운, 풀린, 예약이 없는 disgrace: 창피, 치욕, 욕보이다, 눈 밖에 나 있음, 불명예, 수치가 되다, 총애를 잃게 하다, 망신시키는 것 disgraceful: 수치스러운, 욕된 disguise: 속이다, 거짓꾸밈, 변장하다, 구실, 거짓 꾸미다, 가장복, 변장, 감추다-변장, 감추다, 변장시키다, 변신 disgust: 역겹게하다, 혐오, 역겨움, 정떨어지게 하다, 정떨어지게하다역겨움, 싫음, 메스꺼워찌게 하다 disgusted: 메스꺼워찌게 하는 disgustful: 메스꺼운, 진저리나는, 정떨어지는, 넌더리나는 dish: 접시에 담다, 요리, 푼주, 접시, 움푹해지다, 식품, 성적 매력이 있는 여자, 위성 방송, 미인, 그릇, 사발 모양으로 움푹 들어가게 하다 dishes: 식탁용 접시류 dishonourable: 불명예스러운, 비열한, 수치스러운, 도리에 어긋난, 도의에 어긋난 dislike: 싫어하다, 혐오, 미워하다, 증오, 싫어함 dismount: 내리다, 분해하다, 떼어내다, 말에서 떨어뜨리다, 아래로 내려 놓다, 틀에서 빼내다, 내리게 하다 disobey: 듣지 않다, 반항하다, 불복종하다, 좇지 않다 disorder: 무질서, 혼란, 혼란시키다, 병들게하다, 부조, 불온, 어지럽히하 disown: 의절하다, 부인하다, 자기 것이 아니라고 말하다 dispirited: 기가 꺾인, 낙심한 displayed: 날개를 펴고 다리를 벌린

displeased: 화난 displeasing: 불쾌한, 싫은, 불유쾌한 displeasure: 불쾌 disposal: 처분, 배치, 처리, 양도, 처분의 dispose: 배치하다, 일의 성패를 결정하다, 처리하다, 충당하다, 할 마음이 나게 하다, 의 경향을 갖게 하다, 일의 추세를 결정하다 disposed: 배치된, 한 감정을 품고, 할 생각이 있는 disposition: 성질, 처리, 배치, 성향, 처분, 배열 dispossess: 몰아내다, 박탈하다, 빼앗다, 에게서 재산을 빼앗다, 토지에서 퇴거시키다, 에게서 사용권을 빼앗다 disputable: 논의의 여지가 있는, 의심스러운, 논쟁의 여지가 있는, 의문의 여지가 있는 disquiet: 불안, 불안하게 하다, 마음의 불안, 사회적 불안, 의 마음의 평온을 잃게 하는 dissatisfied: 불만인, 불만인의, 불만스러운 dissect: 해부하다, 분석하다, 상세히 분석하다, 상세히 비평하다, 절개하다 dissenting: 비국교파의, 방대하는, 반대하는 distinctly: 뚜렷하게, 명백하게 distinguish: 구별하다, 분류하다, 분간하다, 두르러지가하다, 수훈을 세우다, 이름을 떨치다, 구별이 되다, 구별하는, 판별하다, 두드러지게 하다, 식별하다 distinguished: 저명한, 고귀한, 상류의, 뛰어난, 수훈의, 기품 있는, 두드러진 distinguishing: 다른 것과 구별되는, 구별이 있는, 특색 있는 distorted: 뒤틀린, 일그러진, 곱새긴, 비뚤어진 distracted: 광란의, 어수선한, 빗나간 distress: 고난, 고통, 빈궁, 비탄, 고민, 심통, 피로하게 하다, 피로, 괴롭히다, 압류-괴롭히다, 압류 distressed: 피로한, 궁핍한, 구유핍한, 투매의, 고민하는 distributive: 배분적인, 분배의, 배포의, 배분사, 분배에 관한, 확충적인, 주연적인 disturb: 방해하다, 어지럽히다, 소란하게 하다, 불안하게하다, 불안하게 하다, 소란하게하다, 교란하다, 저해하다, 침해하다 disturbance: 방해물, 불안, 소동, 소란, 교란시키는 것, 방해, 침해 disturbed: 교란된, 정신장애자,

301 사란한, 산란한, 정서장애가 있는, 정서장애자, 정신장애가 있는 diuretic: 이뇨의, 이뇨제 diurnal: 낮의, 매일의, 주간의 diversion: 견제, 전환, 기분 전환, 오락, 우회로, 양동 작전, 양동, 견제 작전, 기분 divert: 기분을전환하다, 즐겁게하다, 전환하다, 돌리다, 전용하다, 기분 전환을 시키다, 다른 대상을 향하게 하다 diverting: 기분 전환이 되는, 재미있는, 즐거운, 심심풀이의, 재미나는 divide: 분배하다, 분리하다, 나누다, 갈라지다, 가르다, 대립시키다, 표결하다, 표결하다-분수계, 분수계, 분류하다, 분계 divider: 분할자, 간막이, 분배자, 분열의 원인, 분할기 divine: 비범한, 신성한, 신의, 종교적인, 성직자, 예언하다, 신성의, 신수의, 알아채다, 점치다, 신학자 docility: 온순, 유순, 다루기 쉬움 doctrine: 교의, 주의, 교리, 학설 dome: 둥근꼭대기, 둥근천정, 반구형의것, 머리, 둥근 천장, 둥근 지붕 모양의 물건, 비면, 웅장한 건물 dominion: 지배, 통치, 통치권, 주권, 소유권, 영토, 통치 권, 통치 력, 천사의 제사계급, 자치령, 지배 권 don: 입다, 명사, 걸치다, 능수꾼, 스페인 신사, 돈 강, 대학교의 학장, 님, 남자 이름, 남자이름 dose: 복용시키다, 성병, 합성물을 섞다, 투약하다, 일회의 분량, 일회 분량, 약을 먹다, 조제하다, 약의 1 회분 dotage: 노망, 익애, 망령, 맹목적 애정, 맹목적애정 doubting: 의혹을 품고 있는, 불안한 downs: 다운스 정박지, 잉글랜드 남부 및 동남부의 구릉지대 downward: 아래쪽으로, 내려가는, 이후, 이래, 쇠잔하여, 쇠미한, 내리받이의, 이후의, 아래쪽으로의, 쇠퇴하여, 아래로 향한 downwards: 쇠미한, 쇠잔하여, 아래쪽으로 drag: 발을 질질 끌며걷다, 끌리다, 당기다, 흙다, 써레, 끌기, 느릿느릿 나아가다, 바퀴 멈추개, 바퀴멈추개, 느릿느릿나아가다, 느릿느릿걷다 dram: 한잔, 미량, 드램, 팔의 하나 액량 온스, 적은 양, 음주, 십육의 하나 상용온스 draught: 선발하다, 기안하다, 기초하다, 끌다, 제도공으로서 기술을 연마하다

302 drawer: 제도사, 서랍, 발행인, 어음 발행인, 끌어당김을 하는 사람, 끌어당김을 하는 제도사, 끌어당김을 하는 것, 장롱 dread: 공포, 두려움, 두려워하다, 걱정하다, 격정하다, 무서운 물건, 무서운 사람 dreadful: 무서운, 몹시 불쾌한, 따분한, 지겨운, 지긋지긋한 dressing: 드레싱, 마무리, 몸치장, 장식, 붕대, 끝손질, 비료, 손질, 엄한 질책, 옷입기 dried: 건조한 drinking: 음주의, 마시기의, 음용의 drown: 잊어버리다, 달래다, 물에 빠지다, 물에빠뜨리다, 들리지않게하다, 물에 빠뜨리다, 흠뻑젖게하다, 흠뻑 젖게하다, 물에빠지다, 들리지 않게하다, 잊게 하다 drowned: 물에 빠져 죽은, 에 빠진, 몰두하고 있는 drudgery: 단조롭고 고된 일, 천역 drum: 북, 불러모으다, 드럼통, 고실, 북을 치고 돌아다니다, 북을 치고 돌아디니며 모집하다, 고동, 북으로 연주하다, 북을치다, 고막, 억지로 주입시키다 drunk: 주정뱅이, 술취한, 취한, 술주정뱅이, 술좌석, 도취된 dubious: 불명한, 미정의, 의심스러운, 수상한, 불안한, 미덥지 않은, 모호한, 수상쩍은, 의심을 품은 ducks: 즈크 바지 dug: 젖꼭지, 젖퉁이 dullness: 지루함, 둔감, 둔함, 침울, 아둔함 불경기, 멍청함 duly: 정식으로, 당연히, 제시간에, 바로, 적당히, 둔하게 dung: 똥거름, 똥, 거름을 주다 dungeon: 토굴감옥, 지하 감옥, 누각 durable: 오래견디는, 튼튼한, 지속하는, 내구재, 영속성 있는 dutch: 네덜란드의, 네델란드 사람, 네덜란드 말, 체격이 당당한 여자, 각자 부담으로 하다, 체격이 당당한 어머니, 체격이 당당한 아내, 네덜란드제의, 네덜란드산의, 네덜란드류의, 네덜란드 사람의 dutchman: 네덜란드 사람, 네덜란드 배, 틈메우는 나무, 독일 사람 dwarf: 난쟁이, 작아지다, 작은, 작게하다, 지지러지게하다, 지지러지게 하다, 보통보다 작은 식물, 왜성, 보통보다 작은 동물, 난쟁이 금속세공인, 을 작게 하다 dwell: 살다, 거주하다, 곰곰이 생각하다, 천천히발음하다, 천천히 발음하다, 길게논하다,

Gulliver’s Travels 곰곰이생각하다, 길게 논하다, 머무르다, 발을 올리는 것이 더디다 dwelling: 주거, 주소, 거처 dyeing: 염색, 염색업, 염색법 dying: 죽어가는, 임종, 임종의, 죽음, 꺼져가는, 사망, 죽을 eager: 열심인, 열망하여, 심한, 에 열성적인, 열망하는, 갈망하는 eagerness: 열의, 열망, 열심 eagle: 독수리자리, 수리, 수리표, 독수리, 옛 십달러 금화, 독수리 자리, 독수리 표, 표준보다 두 타수 적은 타수 earnest: 진지한, 열심인, 진지, 진심, 중대한, 정식, 성실한, 성실, 엄숙한성실, 엄숙한, 계약금 earnestly: 진지하게, 진정으로, 진심으로, 열심히 earnestness: 열심 earthen: 흙의, 흙으로 만든, 오지로 만든, 흙으로만든, 오지로만든 eastward: 동쪽의, 동쪽, 동쪽으로 eating-house: 음식점 eaves: 처마 ebullient: 넘쳐흐르는, 열광적인, 팔팔끓는, 끓어 넘치는 edict: 포고, 칙령, 법령, 명령 edifice: 건물, 체계, 조직, 구성물 edition: 호화판, 판, 총서, 복제, 보급판의 판, 호화판의 판 educated: 교양 있는, 교육받은, 지식에 의한, 숙련된, 근거가 있는, 교육 받은, 경험에 의한 effectual: 효과적인, 유력한, 유효한 egg: 부추기다, 격려하다, 달걀, 알, 투하 폭탄, 놈, 녀석, 알의, 난자 ejection: 방출, 분출, 추방, 배출, 퇴거, 방출물, 분출물 elbow: 팔꿈치, 기역자 관-팔꿈치로 찌르다, 몰두하여, 분주하여, 의복이 팔꿈치가 뚫어져, 팔꿈치로 찌르다, 기역자 관, 가난하여, 밀어 제치고 나아가다, 엘자 모양의 것, 팔꿈치 모양의 것 elder: 장로, 원로, 손위의, 연장자, 연장의, 고참, 고참의, 양딱총나무, 딱총나무, 이전의, 이전의-연장자 eldest: 가장나이많은, 가장 나이 많은 elect: 선거하다, 당선된, 뽑다, 뽑힌, 택하다, 선발된, 특권 계급, 선거된, 선택하다, 선택된, 하느님의 선민들 elegant: 우아한, 훌륭한, 근사한, 품위있는, 기품 있는, 품위 있는 eloquent: 표정이 풍부한, 웅변의, 을 잘 나타내는 embargo: 금지하다, 몰수하다, 통상금지, 항내출입금지, 금지, 입항 금지를 명하다, 출항금지, 출항 금지를 명하다, 통상 정지, 입항금지,

정지하다 embassy: 대사관, 대사의 임무, 사절단, 대사관 전원, 사절, 대사의 사명, 대사관 직원, 사절 일행 embrace: 포함하다, 포옹하다, 껴안다, 매수하다, 깨닫다, 포옹, 채용하다, 서로 껴안다, 채용하다-서로 껴안다-포옹, 성교, 채택하다 embroiled: 분규시키는, 혼란시키는, 휩쓸어 넣는, 반목시키는 embryo: 태아, 배, 배의, 싹, 움, 초기의, 태아의, 배에 관한, 발달되지 않은, 초기의 것 eminent: 현저한, 우수한, 유명한, 뛰어난, 저명한, 돌출한 emotion: 감동, 정서, 감정 emperor: 황제, 동 로마 황제, 서 로마 황제 employ: 고용하다, 쓰다, 고용, 사용, 에 종사하다, 소비하다, 소비하다고용, 실직하다, 에 고용되어, 사용하다, 직업을 주다 empress: 황후, 여제, 여왕 같은 존재 enacting: 제정의 enclosed: 에워싸는, 둘러막는, 동봉하는, 넣는 encouragement: 격려함, 격려, 격려가 되는 것, 장려가 되는 것 encumbrance: 장애, 골칫거리, 방해, 방해물, 부동산상의 부담, 계루, 부동산상의 채무 endanger: 위태롭게하다, 위험에 빠뜨리다 endeavour: -하려고 노력하다, 애쓰다, 애쓰다 노력하다, 노력, 노력하다, 시도하다, 하려고 노력하다 endless: 순환의, 끝없는, 무한한, 영원한, 끝이 없는 endure: 지탱하다, 견디다, 참다, 겪다, 인내하다, 받다, 받다-인내하다, 허용하다 enforce: 실시하다, 강요하다, 억지로 시키다, 강력히 주장하다, 시행하다 enforced: 강제적인, 강제된 engage: 약속하다, 교전하다, 걸리다, 예약하다, 고용하다, 정치에 관계된, 속박하다, 당기다, 종사시키다, 교전시키다, 관계된 engaged: 바쁜, 약속된, 교전중인, 고용된, 약혼중인, 용무중인, 통화중인, 약혼인, 연동의, 종사하는, 벽에 반쯤 묻힌 engagement: 약혼, 고용, 약속, 초빙, 용무, 교전, 맞물림, 연대성, 일, 계약 englishman: 영국선, 잉글랜드 사람, 영국인, 영국사람 engross: 몰두시키다, 큰글자로쓰다, 정식으로 쓰다, 빼앗다, 큰 글씨로

Jonathan Swift 쓰다, 열중시키다, 집중시키다, 독점하다 enlarge: 넓어지다, 퍼지다, 확대하다, 부연하다, 상세하게 설명하다, 석방하다, 크게 하다, 확장하다 enlarged: 넓어지는, 상세하게 설명하는, 석방하는, 크게 하는, 확장하는 enmity: 적의, 증오 enslaved: 노예로 만드는 ensue: 계속해서일어나다, 을 찾다, 뒤이어 일어 나다, 의 결과로서 일어나다, 을 구하다 enterprising: 기업심이왕성한, 모험적인, 기업적인, 진취적인 entertain: 대접하다, 품다, 즐겁게하다, 유쾌한, 재미있는, 즐겁게 하다, 간직하다, 호의로써 받아들이다, 환대하다 entertaining: 재미있는, 유쾌한 entertainment: 마음에 품음, 대접, 여녜, 연회, 오락, 여응, 환대, 연예, 주연 entreat: 탄원하다, 간절히부탁하다, 간청하다, 취급하다 entreaty: 간원, 간청 envoy: 결구, 사절, 전권공사, 공사, 시의 결구, 외교관, 특히 전권 공사 envy: 부러워하다, 시기하다, 부러움, 신망, 질투, 선망의 대상 epicurus: 에피쿠로스 epithet: 별명, 통칭, 형용사, 형용 어구 equality: 평등, 대등, 동등, 같음 equilateral: 등변형, 등변의, 등변 equinox: 주야평분시, 낮과 밤이 똑같은 때, 주야 평분시, 주야 평분선, 춘분 때의 모진 비바람, 추분 때의 모진 비바람 equipage: 용구일습, 마차 장비 일체, 마차, 마부따위의한갖춤, 장비, 장신구 한 벌, 가정 용품 한 벌 equipped: 채비를 해주는, 장비하는, 갖추어 주다, 갖추게 하는 equitable: 형평법상의, 공평한, 공정한 equity: 형평법, 공평, 공정, 배우 조합, 보통주주권, 재산 물건의 순가 erased: 문질러 지우는, 쉽게 지워지는, 죽이는, 지워 버리는 erect: 건립하다, 꼿꼿이 세우다, 꼿꼿이선, 똑바로 선, 세우다, 승격시키다, 서다, 조립하다, 직립시키다, 창설하다, 곤두서서 erection: 발기, 직립, 설립, 건립, 건물, 건설, 조립, 건설물 errand: 심부름, 볼일, 사명, 심부름의 내용, 내용 erroneously: 잘못하여, 틀려서

erudition: 박식, 해박, 박학 escaped: 도망한, 탈주한 espalier: 과수를받치는시렁, 과수 시렁을 만들다, 과수 시렁으로 받친 나무, 과수 울타리를 만들다 essence: 정, 정수, 본질, 향수, 에센스, 실체, 엑스, 실재 esteem: 존중하다, 존중, 존경하다, 귀중히 여기다, 간주하다, 존경, 간주하다-존경, 평가하다 etymology: 어원학, 어원, 어원 연구 evacuation: 소개, 비움, 배출, 피난, 철수, 명도, 배설, 배기, 배설물 evasion: 회피, 도피, 둘러댐, 얼버무리기, 탈출 everlasting: 영구한, 영원한, 끝없는, 변함없는, 영원, 영겁, 지루한, 떡쑥, 영구, 영원히 계속되는, 튼튼한 나사 evident: 명백한, 뚜렷한, 분명히 나타난, 분명한 evidently: 명백히, 분명히, 보매, 분명하게, 아무래도 evil: 해악, 불길한, 나쁜, 악, 악행, 해로운, 해롭게, 사악하게, 불운한, 불행하게, 사악한 evince: 나타내다, 명시하다 exact: 강요하다, 정밀한, 꼼꼼한, 정확한, 엄격한, 엄밀한, 까다로운, 엄하게 요구하다, 엄중한, 적확한 exactness: 정확, 정밀, 정확성 exalted: 고귀한, 지위가 높은, 고상한, 숭고한, 기뻐 날뛰는, 고양된, 의기양양한 examiner: 시험관, 심사원, 검사관, 증인 심문관, 조사관, 검사인 exceed: 넘다, 초과하다, 탁월하다, 도를 넘다, 보다 크다, 우월하다, 의 한도를 넘다 exceeding: 대단한, 굉장한, 엄청난, 과도한 exceedingly: 대단히, 엄청나게, 매우, 굉장히 excel: 능가하다, 뛰어나다, 빼어나다 excellency: 장점, 대사등에대한존칭, 우수, 장관, 각하 excess: 부절제, 초과, 지나침, 과다, 폭음폭식, 과도, 과잉, 난폭, 초과량, 휴직시키다, 제한 외의 excessive: 과도한, 극단적인, 터무니없는, 과도의 exchequer: 국고, 재무성, 재원, 소득, 재무부 excrement: 배설물 excusable: 변명이 서는, 용서할수있는, 용서할 수 있는 execrable: 몹시 싫은, 귀찮은, 밉살스러운, 저주할 executed: 완성하는, 실행하는, 실시하는, 사형을 집행하는

303 execution: 실행, 이행, 사형 집행, 제작, 효과, 연주, 작성, 솜씨, 처형, 서명 날인, 수행 exempt: 면제된, 면제하다, 면제자, 면제받은 사람, 면역의 exercises: 군대의 연습, 수업 과정, 식 exhale: 발산하다, 증발하다, 내뿜다, 소산하다, 방출하다, 숨을 내쉬다, 내쉬다 exhausted: 다 써버린, 다 퍼버린, 소모된, 물이 마른, 고갈된, 지칠대로 지친 exhort: 훈계하다, 권고하다, 열심히권하다, 간곡히 타이르다 exhortation: 권고, 권고의 말, 훈계, 간곡한 권고 exile: 추방인, 추방하다, 망명, 유형에 처하다, 유형자, 유랑자, 망명자, 유형, 국외추방, 유형수, 추방 expectation: 기대, 가망성, 예기, 예상, 유산 상속의 가망성, 바라는 목표 expedient: 수단, 유리한, 정략적인, 편법, 방편, 편의주의의, 공리적인, 형편좋은, 임기응변의조처, 시의를 얻은, 편의한 expedition: 원정, 급속, 탐험대, 신속, 여행 expenses: 소요 경비 exploded: 기계를 분해하여 부품의 상호 관계를 나타내는, 논파된, 폭발한 exploit: 착취하다, 개척하다, 개발하다, 미끼삼다, 이용하다, 채굴하다, 부당하게 이용하다, 공훈, 공적 expose: 쐬다, 폭로하다, 노출하다, 집밖에 내버리다, 적발하다, 진열하다, 폭로, 적발, 접하게 하다, 버리다, 보이다 exposed: 드러난, 노출된, 비바람을 맞는, 노출한 expostulate: 간하다 expressive: 표정이 풍부한, 표현의, 표현하는, 의미 심장한, 표현이 풍부한, 나타내는, 표현적인 expressly: 특별히, 명백히, 일부러, 분명히, 표정이 풍부하게 extenuate: 경감하다, 변명하다, 얕보다 extenuation: 정상 참작, 경감, 참작할 점, 가벼이 봄 extinct: 꺼진, 끊어진, 사멸한, 폐지된, 단절된 extinguish: 잃게 하다, 끄다, 무색하게하다, 상각하다, 꺾다, 전멸시키다, 절멸시키다, 단절시키다, 소멸하다, 압도하다 extract: 추출물, 끌어내다, 발췌하다, 짜내다, 인용구, 얻다, 알아내다,

304 빼어내다, 뽑아내다, 억지로 받아내다, 뽑다 extraordinary: 보통이아닌, 비범한, 특명의, 엄청난, 이상한, 특별 수당, 임시의, 비상한 extravagant: 낭비하는, 엄청난, 터무니 없는, 기발한 extremities: 앞끝, 최후, 사지, 극도, 극단책, 말단 extremity: 말단, 수족, 선단, 곤경, 비상수단, 끝, 극한, 극단, 극도, 극단책, 앞끝 eyebrow: 눈썹, 눈썹 꼴 쇠시리 fabulous: 전설적인, 믿어지지 않는, 전설상의, 굉장한, 매우 훌륭한, 비사실적인, 우화적인, 믿기 어려운, 터무니 없는, 거짓말 같은 facility: 설비, 편의, 시설, 재주, 쉬움, 편익, 용이함, 솜씨, 숙련, 세면 설비, 변소 faction: 실록 소설, 당파, 파벌, 도당, 파당, 실화 소설, 당쟁, 당내의 파, 당내의 당, 내분, 의 뜻 faculty: 재능, 학부, 능력, 기능, 특허, 동업자 단체, 자력, 수완, 대학고교의 전교직원, 학부의 교수단, 직원회의 faint: 어질어질한, 희미한, 연약한, 기절하다, 쇠약해진, 약해지다, 활기없는, 졸도하다, 엷은, 가냘픈, 힘없는 faithful: 성실한, 신뢰할 수 있는, 신자들, 정확한, 충실한, 충실한 신도들, 정확 faithfully: 여불비례, 충실히 falsehood: 허위, 거짓말, 잘못 falsely: 거짓으로, 속여서, 불성실하게, 부실하게, 부정하게, 잘못하여 fame: 명성, 유명하게 만들다, 평판, 인기 famine: 기근, 대부족, 식량 부족, 고갈, 굶주림 famished: 굶주림 fancied: 공상의, 상상의, 가공의, 사육자, 이길 듯싶은, 잘 될 듯싶은, 마음에 든 fancy: 변덕, 공상하다, 취미, 공상, 애호가들, 좋아하다, 도락, 터무니 없는, 공상력, 공상의, 애호물로 색다른 동물 등을 기르다 fare: 음식물, 가다, 먹다, 지내다, 승객, 일어나다, 요금, 여행하다, 대접받다, 운임, 되다 farewell: 안녕, 고별, 작별의 인사, 작별의인사, 작별 인사를 하다, 작별 farmer: 농부, 수세 도급인, 농장주, 시골사람, 유아등을 맡는 사람, 농민, 농장 경영자, 시골 사람, 유아 등을 맡는 사람

Gulliver’s Travels farther: 더먼, 좀더, 그위에, 더욱더, 더멀리, 더욱이, 더 앞선, 더 멀리, 더 먼, 더 뒤의, 더 나중의 farthest: 가장먼, 가장멀리, 가장 먼, 가장 멀리 farthing: 영국의 동전, 영국의동전, 파싱 fasten: 잠기다, 멈추다, 잠그다, 고착하다, 꽉달라붙다, 꽉 달라붙다, 단단히 고정시키다, 단단히고정시키다, 붙들어 매다, 붙들어매다, 고정하다 fastening: 죔, 잠그기, 닫음, 붙임, 잠그는 도구, 잠금, 채우는기구, 고정시키기 fasting: 단식의, 금식의, 단식, 절식, 금식, 단식으로 fat: 지방, 살찐, 기름기, 살찌다, 지방이 많은, 풍부한, 유복한, 둔감한, 비옥한, 윤택, 비만 fatal: 숙명적인, 치명적인, 결정적인, 운명의 fate: 운명, 운, 죽음, 숙명, 파멸, 운명의 삼여신 fatherless: 아버지가 없는, 작자 미상의, 아버지를 알 수 없는 faulty: 불완전한, 결점 있는, 결점이 있는 favourable: 유리한, 승낙의, 알맞은, 찬성의, 호희를 보이는, 유망한, 호의를 보이는 favourite: 마음에 드는 것, 인기 있는 사람 마음에 드는, 마음에 드는, 인기 있는 말, 좋아하는 사람, 특히 잘하는, 특히 좋아하는 물건 fawning: 아양부리는, 알랑거리는, 아첨하는 fearfulness: 공포, 무서움 feat: 묘기, 공적, 위엄, 위업, 적당한, 업적 fed: 연방 정부, 연방 수사관, 연방 준비 은행 feeding: 급송, 급수, 송전, 목초지, 먹음, 사양, 거세지는, 급송하는, 음식물을 섭취하는, 섭식 felicity: 행복, 지복, 적절한 표현, 교묘함, 경사, 적절 felled: 경사지는, 함락되는, 공그르는, 구르는, 나빠지는, 내려가는, 내리는, 넘어가는, 분류되는, 쓰러지는, 아래를 향하는 fence: 검술, 변론의 교묘함, 방어하다, 울타리, 담을 뛰어넘다, 담, 검술을 하다, 장물 취득인, 펜싱, 울타리를하다, 울타리를 하다 fenced: 매매하는, 펜싱하는, 뛰어넘는, 잘얼버무리는, 에 울타리를 치는, 에 담을 치는, 얼버무리는, 고매하는

fertility: 비옥, 다산, 풍요, 출생률, 산출력, 수정률, 수정 능력 fetch: 가져오다, 도달하다, 내다, 오게하다, 불러오다, 팔리다, 가하다, 가하다-물건을가져오다, 갖다 주다, 물건을가져오다, 의 마음을 사로잡다 fetid: 악취를풍기는, 악취가 나는, 악취를 풍기는 fetlock: 구절, 거모 fetter: 차꼬, 차꼬를 채우사, 속박하다, 족쇄, 족쇄를 채우다 fever: 열병, 열, 발열시키다, 열광, 열광적인, 열병의, 열이 있는, 흥분 상태, 흥분, 열병에 걸리게 걸리다, 열병에 걸리게 하다 fiction: 소설, 허구, 꾸민 이야기, 의제, 상상, 꾸며낸 것, 가설, 꾸며낸 일 fidelity: 충실도, 충실, 엄수, 정확함, 성실, 원 물건과 꼭같음, 정절 fierce: 지독한, 흉포한, 맹렬한, 사나운, 싫은, 열렬한 fiercely: 맹렬하게, 지독하게, 사납게 fierceness: 사나움, 맹렬, 흉포 fiery: 불의, 염증을 일으킨, 불빛의, 불같은, 불타고있는, 격하기 쉬운, 작열하는, 열렬한, 얼얼한, 인화하기 쉬운, 폭발하기 쉬운 filth: 오물, 외설, 추잡, 음담패설 filthily: 불결하게, 더럽게, 음탕하게 filthy: 더러운, 추잡한, 음탕한, 불결한, 많이 있는, 지독한 finely: 훌륭하게, 아름답게, 정교하게, 미세하게, 잘게, 곱게, 가늘게, 멋지게, 세밀하게 fineness: 아름다움, 훌륭함, 우량, 섬세, 순수도, 섬세함, 예민함, 정교함, 순도, 정확함, 순수 finery: 미복, 아름다운 옷, 정련로, 훌륭함, 미장, 장신구, 화려, 화려한옷 firmness: 견고, 견실, 단단함, 결의가 굳은, 확고 부동, 확고부동 first-rate: 굉장히, 막상, 제 일 급의, 제 일 류의, 굉장한 fisherman: 어부, 어선 fishing: 낚시터, 어업, 낚시질의, 낚시질, 어획, 어장, 고기잡이, 어업의, 낚싱리, 어업권, 낚시질용의 fist: 필적, 주먹, 주먹으로 치다, 손, 손가락표, 손표, 손가락 표, 조종하다, 주먹으로 때리다, 파악 fitted: 장비하여, 을 갖추어, 꼭 맞게 만들어진 fitter: 조립공, 정비공, 장신구상인, 입혀서 맞추는 사람, 맞추는사람, 맞추는 사람, 장신구 장수, 옷 입혀 보는 사람, 여행용품 장수, 설비하는

Jonathan Swift 사람 fix: 고정시키다, 결정하다, 수리하다, 준비하다, 집중시키다, 정착시키다, 조리하다, 지우다, 곤경, 마련하다, 위치 fixing: 고정, 설비, 정착, 비품, 설치, 조정 flail: 도리깨, 도리깨질하다, 격렬하게 움직이다, 휘두르다 flame: 정열, 애인, 발끈하다, 광휘, 정열을 드러내다, 빛나다, 불길, 훨훨타다, 화염, 불꽃, 태우다 flap: 흥분, 보조익, 날개를 퍼덕이다, 날개침, 펄럭거리다, 늘어진 것, 찰싹때리다, 펄럭임, 축 늘어지다, 찰싹, 축 늘어진 물건 flapper: 파리채, 주의 등을 환기시키는 사람, 말광량이, 가볍게치는 사람, 경첩달린 문짝, 기억, 플래퍼, 퍼덕이는 것, 어린 소녀, 툭 치는 물건, 가볍게 치는 물건 flatness: 평탄, 평지, 음의 저하, 단조로움, 단호한 태도, 무미, 평면, 평면도, 평범, 불경기 flattering: 아첨하는, 유망한, 실물보다 좋게 보이는, 알랑거리는, 빌붙는, 비위 맞추는, 기쁘게 하는, 발림말하는 flatus: 가스, 기식, 한 번 내뿜는 숨, 일진의 바람, 위장 속의 가스 fleet: 빠른, 함대, 선대, 기단, 후미, 빨리, 차량, 지나가 버리다, 강어귀, 비행대, 선단 flesh: 고기, 육체, 살, 인류, 육욕, 식육, 생물, 살집, 살색, 과육, 친척 flint: 부싯돌, 아주 단단한, 아주 단단한 물건, 부싯돌 같은, 냉혹한, 고집 센, 라이터돌, 아주 딴딴한 물건, 라이터 돌 floating: 유동하는, 떠있는, 부동하는, 부동적인, 변동하는, 부동, 부유, 유리성의, 해상에 있는, 떠 있는 flock: 신도, 모이다, 무리짓다, 무리, 군중, 떼지어 오다, 떼, 털 부스러기를 채우다, 털솜부스러기, 한뭉치의 양털, 털뭉치 flocking: 무뉘에 플록가공을 함, 융모화 flood: 홍수, 범람, 범람하다, 관개하다, 만조, 밀어닥치다, 넘쳐 흐르다, 쇄도, 호수, 대해, 강 florid: 화려한, 혈색이 좋은, 불그레한, 현란한, 불그스름한 flourish: 휘두르다, 과시, 문자로 쓰다, 번영하다, 세찬 휘두름, 자랑해 보이다, 화려하게 쓰다, 활약하다, 융성, 번영, 재빠르게 휘두르기 flourishing: 번영하는, 무성하는,

융성하는, 무성한, 융성한, 무성하는 것 flowing: 흐르는, 유창한, 늘어진, 미끈하게 머리, 물 흐르는 듯한, 미끈하게 처진, 조수가 밀려 들어오는, 넘치도록 많은 fluid: 유동성의, 유동체, 변하기 쉬운, 유체, 아름답고 부드러운, 곧잘 변하는, 현금화될 수 있는 flurry: 소동, 당황, 단말마의 고통, 혼란, 일진 광풍, 당황하다, 동요, 눈보라, 휘몰아치는비, 휘몰아치는 비, 단말마 flutter: 펄럭임, 훨훨날다, 홰치다, 두근거리다, 퍼덕거리다, 나부끼다, 동요, 퍼덕이다, 날개치다, 빠르고 불규칙하게 뛰다, 활개짓 flux: 흐름, 밀물, 연속적인 변화, 용제, 유동, 설사시키다, 녹다, 변전하다, 융제로 처리하다, 이상유출, 흐르다 foal: 망아지를 낳다, 망아지, 당나귀의 새끼, 낳다, 노새의 새끼 fob: 속이다, 바지의 시계 주머니, 바지의시계주머니, 시계줄, 시계 리본, 시계줄에 다는 조그마한 장식물, 시계끈, 시계 등을 넣는 조그마한 주머니, 본선 인도 fold: 주름, 접다, 싸다, 접음, 끼다, 안다, 접히다, 습곡, 주름살, 켜, 접은 금 folio: 이절지, 단위 어수, 장수, 한장, 장수를 세다, 이 표지, 이책, 전지의 2 절, 전지의 이절, 한 장, 이판 folk: 가족, 사람들, 민족, 국민, 민속풍의 folly: 어리석음, 어리석은 짓, 어리석게 돈만 많이 들인 물건, 우론, 막대한 돈을 들인 어처구니없는 큰 건축, 글래머 걸 출연자, 어리석은 행동 fond: 어리석은, 다정한, 정에 무른, 사랑에 빠진, 실없는, 애정있는, 좋아서, 토대, 레이스의 바닥 천, 기초, 좋아하는 fondling: 애완 동물, 귀여워하는 아기, 귀염받는 사람 fondness: 취미, 경신, 기호, 도타운 사랑, 자애, 좋아함, 귀여워함, 다정함, 맹목적 사랑 fool: 바보, 속이다, 농담하다, 어리석은 짓을 하다, 어릿광대, 우롱하다, 희롱하다, 풀, 놀리다, 낭비하다, 바보 취급을 받는 사람 foolish: 하찮은, 바보같은, 미련한, 어리석은 footman: 종복, 하인, 보병, 부나비의 일종, 쇠붙이로 된 받침 footstool: 발받침, 발판, 발 올려 놓는 대

305 forbear: 억누르다, 참다, 삼가다, 그만두다, 조상, 억제하다 forbid: 금하다, 허락지않다, 금지하다, 방해하다, 하는 일이 절대로 없기를 forbidden: 금지된, 금단의 forcibly: 강제적으로, 힘차게, 억지로, 힘으로, 강력하게 forcing: 발육 촉진, 강제, 폭행, 탈취, 촉성, 발육 촉진법 fore: 전면, 전방에-전방, 전방에, 기수에, 이 위험하다, 의 에, 앞쪽, 전방, 이물에, 앞 전방의, 앞 앞면의 forehead: 이마, 전부, 앞부분, 부분, 앞 부분 foreigner: 외국인, 외국선, 이방인, 이인, 외국 제품, 국외자 foremast: 앞돛대, 앞 돛대 foresight: 심려, 전망, 선견지명이 있는, 선견지명, 선견, 장래에의 배려, 전도의 전망, 깊은 생각, 전시, 가늠쇠, 장래에의 대비 forge: 꾸며대다, 철공장, 위조하다, 서서히 나아가다, 쇠를불리다, 쇠를 불리다, 단조공장, 대장간에서 일하다, 벼리다, 꾸며내다, 노 forgery: 위조, 위조 문서, 문서 위조, 위조 화폐, 위조 도장, 위조 작품 forgetfulness: 건망증, 태만, 소홀, 망각 forging: 위조, 단조품, 단조, 대장일 forgive: 용서하다, 삭치다, 빚을탕감하다, 빚을 탕감하다, 면제하다, 삭히다, 관대히 봐주다 fork: 포크, 갈래, 쇠스랑, 아귀, 가랑이꼴이 되다, 포크 모양으로 하다, 포크로 찌르다, 포크를 쓰다, 쇠스랑으로 던지다, 쇠스랑으로던지다, 서서 먹는 forks: 포크 forlorn: 고독한, 버림받은, 비참한, 절망적인 formality: 의식, 딱딱함 형식적 행위, 형식존중, 정식의 절차, 형식에 구애됨, 정규의 절차, 상례, 의례, 정식 formerly: 이전에, 전에, 먼저, 옛날에, 원래는, 지난날 forming: 형성, 편성, 연합군 부대 forsake: 버리다, 저버리다 forsaken: 버림받은, 고독한 fort: 성채, 보루, 요새, 보채, 교역 시장 forth: 앞으로, 밖으로, 보이는곳에, 에서 바깥에, 보이는 곳에, 이후 fortified: 강화하는, 알코올을 타서 독하게 하는, 영양가를 높이는, 요새를 쌓는, 요새화하는, 확고히 하는

306 fortis: 경음 fortitude: 용기, 꿋꿋함, 불굴의 정신, 불굴의정신 fortnight: 이주일 fortunate: 행운의, 운이 좋은, 행운아, 행운을 갖다주는 fortunately: 다행히도, 운좋게, 다행히 fortune: 행운, 부, 운, 재산, 운명, 운수, 재산을 주다, 우연히 일어나다, 운명의 여신 foul: 반칙, 엉클어진, 더럽히다, 더러운, 더러워지다, 반칙하다, 꽉막힌, 악취있는, 충돌하다, 반칙의, 엉클어지다 founded: 기초가 ...한 fountain: 분수, 샘, 기름통, 원천, 잉크 통, 분출하다, 쏘다 분수, 액체 저장 용기 fourteenth: 열네째의, 제 십사, 열네째, 열네번째의, 열네번째, 십사분의 하나의, 십사분의 하나, 제 14 회의 열네째의 fowl: 가금, 새, 닭, 들새를 잡다, 새고기, 엽조를 사냥하다 fox: 여우, 변색시키다, 속이다, 여우모피, 교활한 사람, 교활한사람, 매력적인 여성, 매력적인 청년, 승냥이, 여우 모피 framed: 틀에 낀 fraternity: 동업자들, 형제간, 우애 조합, 친목회, 협동 단체, 동호자들, 남학생 사교 클럽, 우애회 fraud: 사기, 사기꾼, 협잡, 가짜, 부정 수단, 기만, 사기 행위 freely: 아낌없이, 마음대로, 인심 후하게, 자유로이, 자유롭게, 허물없이 freethinking: 자유 사상 freight: 운송화물, 화물을싣다, 화물수송, 출하하다, 적하, 운임, 수상화물수송, 화물의, 용선, 화물, 화물 열차 frequent: 자주가다, 늘모이다, 상습적인, 수많은, 자주 일어나는, 자주일어나는, 빈번한 friendship: 우정, 친목, 친선, 교우, 벗으로서 사귐, 벗으로서의 사귐 fright: 돌연한 공포, 우스운 사람, 추악한사람, 추악한 사람, 우스운사람, 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 보기 흉한 물건, 도깨비 같은 사람, 도깨비 같은 물건, 공포, 보기 흉한 사람 frighten: 겁내다, 놀라다, 소스라쳐 놀라게 하다, 놀라게하다, 무서워하다, 을러대어 ~을시키다 frightened: 깜짝 놀란, 겁먹은 frightful: 무서운, 추악한, 불쾌한, 아주 보기 싫은, 아주 보기 흉한,

Gulliver’s Travels 지독한 frisking: 몸수색 fro: 이리저리, 저쪽에, 앞뒤로, 저쪽으로 frog: 개구리, 늑골모양의 장식, 늑골모양의장식, 말굽중앙의 연한 부분, 말굽중앙의연한부분, 일달러 지폐, 프랑스인, 칼꽂이, 철차, 장식 단추, 쉰 목소리 frolicsome: 장난치는, 흥겨운, 까불거리며 뛰노는 froth: 거품, 시시한것, 거품을 뿜다, 거품을 일으키다, 쓸데없는얘기, 쓸데없는 얘기, 거품을일으키다, 거품을 일게 하다, 거품을 내뿜다, 공허 frothy: 거품 같은, 거품 투성이의, 거품투성이의, 공허한, 천박한 frozen: 언, 극한의, 냉담한, 냉동의, 얼음으로덮힌, 동상에걸린, 냉랭한, 동상에 걸린, 동결된 fruitful: 비옥한, 다산인, 열매가잘 열리는, 열매가잘열리는, 이익이 많은, 수확이 많은, 열매를 많이 맺는, 풍작을 가져오는 fuller: 직물의 축융공, 축융공, 둥근 홈을 내는 연장, 둥근 홈을 내다, 천의 올을 배게하는 직공, 천의 올을 배게 하는 직공 full-grown: 충분히 발육한, 충분히 성장한 fulsome: 치근치근한, 지나친, 집요한, 몹시역겨운, 몹시 역겨운 fundament: 항문, 둔부, 기초, 원리, 입지조건, 궁둥이, 자연 그대로의 경관 funeral: 장례식의, 장례행렬, 장례식, 장례의, 싫은 일 furious: 맹렬한, 격노한, 사납게 날뛰는, 노하여 펄펄 뛰는, 미쳐날뛰는, 미쳐 날뛰는, 소란스러운 furiously: 미친듯이 노하여, 맹렬히 furnish: 설비, 공급하다, 가구를 갖추다, 비치된가구, 비치된 가구, 장치를 갖추다, 주다, 설치하다, 가구를 설비하다 furnished: 가구 달린, 구색을 갖춘, 재고량이 ...한 furnishing: 복식품, 비치된 가구, 가구의 설비, 가구 furred: 부드러운 털로 덮인, 털가죽을붙인, 털가죽을 붙인 fury: 격노, 격렬, 표독한 여자, 표독한여자, 복수의 여신의 하나, 표독스러운 계집 gains: 이의 gait: 보조, 걸음걸이, 걷는 모양, 걸음걸이를 조련하다, 심사원 에

걷게하다, 심사원 앞에 걷게 하다, 말의 보조 gale: 강풍, 큰바람, 흥분 상태, 환희, 폭소, 실바람, 버드소귀나무의 일종, 폭풍, 정기 지불금, 미풍, 광희 gall: 뻔뻔스러움, 담즙, 찰과상, 쓴것, 증오, 담낭, 애태우다, 진절머리, 쓸개, 스쳐서 벗겨진 상처, 걱정거리 gallant: 화려한, 용감한, 여성에게 친절한, 훌륭한, 용감한 사람, 정부, 정중한 말씨, 당당한, 상냥한 남자, 여성에게 친절한 남자, 여성에게 친절함 galloping: 급속도의, 급속히 진행하는, 분마성 폐렴, 급속도의 것, 급속히 진행하는 것 gamester: 도박꾼, 노름꾼 gaming: 내기, 도박, 노름 ganges: 갠지스 강 gardener: 원예사, 정원사, 외야수, 조원업자, 원예가, 채소 재배자, 취미로 정원 가꾸는 사람, 원예 애호가 gardening: 원예, 조원, 뜰 가꾸기, 조원술 garments: 옷 garret: 다락방, 머리, 제일윗층, 초라한 작은 방, 고미다락 gather: 채집하다, 모으다, 개더, 거두어들이기, 긴장시키다, 증가하다, 내다, 찌푸리다, 짜내다, 수금, 추측하다 gaze: 응시, 응시하다, 뚫어지게 바라보며 서 있다, 뚫어지게 보다 geese: 재봉사의 대형 다리미, 야유, 구즈, 거위, 바보 generosity: 관대, 도량이 큼, 활수함, 관대한 행위, 아낌 없는 마음씨 generous: 관대한, 풍부한, 비옥한, 마음이 넓은, 감칠맛이 있는, 기름지, 활수한 genius: 수호신, 천재, 사조, 경향, 귀신, 기풍, 자질, 진수, 천성, 특질, 요정 gentlemen: 남자분, 신사, 아마추어 선수, 남자용 화장실, 유산 유한 계급의 사람, 귀족이 아니면서 가문을 다는 특권을 가진 사람 gentleness: 친절, 온순, 과격하지 않음, 온화함, 상냥함, 부드러움, 안은, 정다움 gentlewoman: 숙녀, 귀부인, 귀부인의 시녀, 여성 의원, 상류 부인 gentry: 상류 계급, 패거리, 상류 사회 geometrical: 기하학적도형의, 기하학의 geometry: 기하학, 기하학책, 기하학서 gesture: 몸짓, 손짓, 제스처, 태도,

Jonathan Swift 선전적 행위, 거동, 기미, 의사 표시, 행위, 몸짓하기 ghost: 유령, 환영, 망령, 영적인, 유령의, 환상, 근소한 가능성, 혼, 을 따라 다니다, -을 따라 다니다, 대작하다 giant: 거인, 거대한, 위인, 기가스 gibbet: 교수대, 교수형에 처하다, 망신주다, 교수대에 매달다 giddiness: 현기증, 경솔, 어지러움 gift: 선물, 재능, 천분, 부여하다, 선사하다, 선사하다부여하다, 증여, 천부의 재능, 천부 gimlet: 나사송곳, 김렛, 에 목공 드릴로 구멍을 뚫다 girdle: 거들, 두르는것, 둘러싸다, 의 나무껍질을 고리모양으로 벗기다, 띠, 띠로 조르다, 일주하다, 황도대 gladly: 기꺼이, 즐거이, 쾌히 glasses: 안경, 컵 globe: 지구, 공, 지구의, 공 모양의 물건, 구체, 공 모양으로 하다, 공 모양의 것 globes: 유방 glorious: 영광스러운, 유쾌한, 빛나는, 장려한, 현란한, 기분좋은, 영예스러운, 거룩한 glory: 장관, 기뻐하다, 영광, 후광, 명예, 번영, 죽다, 송영, 자랑하다, 찬미, 성조기 glowing: 백열의, 홍조된, 샛빨간, 열렬한, 열심인, 적열하는, 백열하는 것, 백열하는, 적열하는 것 glutinous: 아교질의, 점착성의, 끈적끈적한 good-natured: 성질이좋은 goodness: 친절, 미덕, 선량함, 좋음, 신, 선량, 미점 goose: 거위, 바보, 거위고기, 대형 다리미, 얼간이, 충실하여, 야유, 재봉사의 다리미, 구우즈 gotten: 과거 분사 gout: 통풍, 방울, 취미, 응혈, 맛, 미각 govern: 제어하다, 관리하다, 통치하다, 다스리다, 억제하다, 통치다, 에 적용되다, 좌우하다, 지배하다 governess: 여성 지사, 여자 가정 교사, 지사 부인 governing: 통치하는 governor: 통치자, 지배자, 회장, 두목, 지사, 주인어른, 장관, 사령관, 조절기, 총재, 영감 grace: 우미, 은혜, 유예, 은총, 미덕, 장식음, 장점, 애교, 우아, 매력, 천혜 graceful: 우미한, 우아한 graces: 애고 gracious: 상냥한, 친절한, 정중한,

우아한, 기품 있는, 자비로운, 관대한, 존귀한, 품위있는, 우미한, 유익한 graciously: 우아하게, 상냥하게, 자비롭게, 고맙게도 gradations: 순서 gradual: 서서히 하는, 점차적인, 점차의 grain: 곡물, 낟알, 그레인, 미량, 성질, 나뭇결, 돌결, 알로 만들다, 특성, 성미, 껄걸한 면 grains: 작살, 엿기름찌꺼기 grandee: 대공, 고관, 귀인 grandeur: 장관, 위대, 화려, 장엄, 웅대, 성대, 고귀, 장려 grandfather: 조부, 조상 grandmother: 할머니, 어하다, 조모, 응석을 받다 grasp: 잡다, 지배, 쥐다, 쥠, 잡으려 하다, 자루, 이해하다, 이해, 달려들다, 손잡이, 이해력 grate: 갈다, 삐걱거리다, 삐걱거리게 하다, 쇠살판, 화상, 불쾌감을 주다, 서로 갈리다, 으깨어 빻다, 에 쇠창살을 대다, 쇠격자, 거슬리다 gratefully: 감사하여, 기꺼이 gratify: 기쁘게 하다, 만족 시키다, 기쁘게 해주다, 에게 사례금을 주다, 채우다, 에게 보수를 주다 grating: 삐걱거리는, 서로 갈리는, 격자, 귀에 거슬리는, 모든 연령층에 맞는 영화로 판정된 것, 창살 gratis: 무료로 gratitude: 감사 grave: 수수한, 무덤, 명심하다, 새기다, 중대한, 진지한, 묘혈, 심각한, 중요한, 예사롭지 않은, 침침한 graves: 포도주, 그라부산 gravitation: 중력, 인력, 침강, 경향, 가라 앉기 gravity: 저음, 중량, 지구 인력, 중력, 중대, 진심, 엄숙, 중대함, 지구, 진지함 gray: 회색, 음침한, 원숙한, 늙은, 박명, 창백한, 백발의, 황혼, 회색의, 그레이, 노년의 graze: 스치기, 찰과상, 목초, 풀을 먹이다, 스치다, 스쳐 벗기다, 목축, 약간 닿다, 생풀을 먹다, 생풀을 먹이다, 스쳐 지나가다 grazing: 목초지, 목장, 목축, 방목, 목초, 목초의, 목초지의 greasing: 기름치는 것 greatness: 큼, 탁월, 위대, 다대함, 저명, 웅대, 다대, 거대, 거대함, 중대, 다량 greedily: 욕심내어, 게걸스레, 게걸스럽게 greediness: 탐욕

307 greek: 그리스 사람의, 그리스의, 사기꾼, 그시스의, 그리스 사람, 그리스풍의, 그리스 정교 신자, 도무지 뜻을 알 수 없는 말, 그리스 어 greenland: 북미 동북쪽의 세계 최대의 섬, 북미 북동의 섬 greenwich: 런던 교외 템즈강 가의 자치구 greyhound: 그레이하운드 grief: 재난, 실패하다, 비탄, 불운, 깊은 슬픔, 고통 grievous: 슬픈, 비통한, 괴로운, 쓰라린, 심한, 애처로운, 괴롭게 하는, 한탄할 만한 grievously: 슬프도록 grin: 이빨을 드러내다, 씩웃다, 히죽히죽 웃음, 이를 악물고 감정을 나타내다, 이를 드러내고 웃다, 이를 드러내고 나타내다, 이를 드러내고 감정을 나타내다, 싱글싱글 웃음, 이를 악물고 나타내다 grinding: 가는, 갈기, 삐걱거리는, 제분, 지루한, 매우 아픈, 압제의, 주입식 교수, 타기, 타는, 힘드는 groan: 신음하다, 그 소리, 괴로워하다, 으르렁거리다, 열망하다, 불평의 소리, 가 넘칠 정도로 많이 있다, 갈망하다, 신음하는 듯한 목소리로 말하다, 신음 소리, 삐걱거리는 소리 groom: 마부, 신랑, 몸차림시키다, 손질을 하다, 입후보의 준비를 해주다, 궁내관 groove: 상궤, 홈, 가는 홈, 정해진 순서, 에 홈을 파다, 에 홈을 내다, 상도, 홈관례, 최고조, 적소 grooved: 홈이 있는, 홈이 팬 gross: 거친, 짙은, 뚱뚱한, 전체의, 울창한, 굉장한, 총량의, 투박한, 조악한, 그로스, 도매로 groundless: 근거 없는, 근거없는, 기초없는 groveling: 비굴한, 넓죽 엎드리는, 천박한 grovelling: 설설 기는, 넙죽 엎드리는, 굽실거리는 guards: 근위 연대 guest: 손님, 빈객, 내방자, 숙박인, 기생 동물, 기생 식물 guided: 안내를 받은 guilt: 죄, 비행, 유죄, 죄의식 gunpowder: 화약, 중국산 녹차 guts: 끈기, 속, 냉장 habit: 습관, 버릇, 습성, 에 살다, 복장, 기질, 체질, 여성승마복, 입히다, 여성 승마복, 의복 habits: 버릇, 습관 habituate: 익숙케하다, 익히다,

308 길들이다 hail: 싸락눈, 퍼붓다, 빗발치듯 쏟아지다, 이라 부르며맞이하다, 큰소리로 부르다, 인사, 환호, 의 출신이다, 인사하다, 우박, 싸라기눈 hailstone: 우박, 싸라기눈 haired: 머리털이-인, 머리털이 있는 hairiness: 털이 많음, 털이 있음 hairy: 털이 많은, 털의 half-moon: 반달 hammock: 해먹 hams: 햄 샌드위치 handkerchief: 손수건 handling: 취급, 수법, 조종, 손에 대기, 운용, 처리, 손을 댐 handsome: 상당한, 활수한, 단정하게 잘 생긴, 훌륭한, 멋진 handy: 알맞은, 가까이 있는, 솜씨 좋은, 편리한, 손 가까이에 있는, 능숙한, 펼리한 hanger: 단검, 갈고리, 옷걸이, 거는 사람, 걸이, 교수형 집행인, 포스터, 매단 광고, 매다는사람, 가죽끈으로 매어단 물건, 물건을 매다는 것 hanging: 교수형, 임박한, 매달린, 커튼, 걸린 것, 교살, 내리막, 교수형에 처할, 급경사, 급경사의, 매달기 hannibal: 한니발, 남자 이름 happily: 행복하게, 우연히, 운좋게, 다행하게도 happiness: 행복, 행운, 유쾌, 교묘, 적절, 기쁨, 교묘함 harbour: 피난처, 항구, 은신처 숨기다, 품다 정박하다, 숨겨 주다, 잠시 묵다, 정박하다 harden: 경화하다, 단련하다, 굳히다, 굳어지다, 무정하게 하다, 단다하게 하다, 단단하게 하다, 단단해지다, 무감각하게 하다, 강하게 하다 hardiness: 대담, 뻔뻔스럼, 내구력, 강장, 철면피 hardness: 견고, 곤란, 난해, 가혹, 경도, 단단함, 무정, 물의 경연, 준엄 hardship: 고난, 학대, 고생, 곤란 hardy: 무모한, 대담한, 내한성의, 내구력이 있는, 고난에 견디는, 고통에 견디는, 가난에 견디는 harmless: 해없는, 악의 없는, 해가 없는 harness: 마구, 마구를 채우다, 이용하다, 갑옷, 설비, 집무중에, 동력화하다 harp: 하프, 하프를 타다, 몇번이고 되뇌다, 거문고자리, 수금, 되풀이해서 지껄이다 harvest: 수확, 수확기, 수확하다, 추수, 결과, 보수, 거두어 들임, 소득, 수확물, 수확기의, 수확물의

Gulliver’s Travels haste: 서두름, 급속, 재촉하다, 서두르다, 서두르게 하다, 성급, 급함 hasten: 서두르다, 재촉하다, 서두르게 하다 hated: 미워하는 hateful: 미운, 싫은, 증오에 찬, 지긋지긋한, 가증스런, 가증스러운, 미워할만한 hath: 직설법, 현재 hatred: 증오, 혐오, 몹시 싫어함, 미움 havoc: 파괴, 황폐, 대대적으로 파괴하다, 큰 파란 hay: 건초, 건초를 만들다, 마초, 잔돈의, 잔돈, 건초의 hazard: 우연, 위험, 운, 모험, 걸다, 주사위 놀이의 일종, 해보다, 위태롭게 하다, 위험을 무릅쓰고 하다, 주사위 도박의 일종 hazel: 담갈색, 개암, 개암나무, 엷은 갈색의, 엷은 갈색, 개암나무의 hazy: 몽롱한, 흐릿한, 안개 짙은, 이내낀, 거나하게 취한 heap: 기가 푹 꺽이다, 느닷없이, 많이, 퍽, 쌓다, 쌓아 올리다, 더미, 매우, 수북이 담다, 쌓아올리다, 쌓아올린 것 hearer: 듣는 사람, 방청자, 청취자 heartily: 마음으로부터, 열의를 갖고, 정중히, 매우, 배불리, 마음으로, 기운차게 hearty: 친절한, 튼튼한, 마음으로부터의, 배부른, 풍부한, 열심인, 원기왕성한 사람, 충분한, 친구, 마음속으로부터의, 활기찬 heated: 격한, 뜨거워진, 흥분, 가열된, 흥분한 heath: 히스, 히스가 무성한 돌 heathen: 이교도, 미개한, 이교의, 미개인, 불신자, 무종교자, 이교도의, 이단의, 이방인 heavenly: 하늘의, 천국 같은, 훌륭한, 천부의, 거룩한, 근사한, 타고난, 천국의, 멋진, 천국과 같이 heaving: 올림, 끌어올림, 들어올림 hedge: 울타리를 만들다, 양쪽에 걸다, 장벽, 막다, 울타리로 두르다, 울타리, 에 장벽을 만들다, 양다리 걸치기, 방해하다, 산울타리, 바자울 heir: 후계자, 계승자, 사자, 상속인, 후계하다, 남자 상속인 helm: 키, 자루, 지도, 지도하다, 키를 잡다, 의 키를 다루다, 지배권, 지배 helmet: 헬멧, 투구, 투구형, 투구 모양의 물건 helot: 노예, 농노, 헬롯 helpless: 의지할 데 없는, 무력한, 어찌할 도리 없는, 의지할 사람이 없는, 어찌할 수 없는, 의지할 곳이

없는 hemp: 삼, 대마, 교수형용의 밧줄 hempen: 대마의, 대마로 만든 henceforth: 차후, 이후, 금후 herd: 군중, 몰아 모으다, 지키다, 무리, 떼지어 모이다, 민중.목자, 목자, 민중, 떼를 짓다, 떼를 모으다, 군중의 hereafter: 내세에서, 금후, 앞으로, 이후 heresy: 이교, 이단 hermetically: 밀봉한, 연금술, 밀폐하여, 밀봉하여 hers: 그 여자의 것 hesitation: 주저, 망설임 hewn: 찍은 hide: 숨다, 피혁, 때리다, 짐승의 가죽, 숨기다, 심하게 매질하다, 짐승 가죽, 숨기기, 숨는 장소 hide-and-seek: 숨바꼭질 hideous: 오싹해지는, 끔찍한, 무서운, 섬뜩한, 보기만 해도 무서운 hiding: 매질, 은닉, 은닉처, 은신처, 후려갈김, 숨김, 숨는 곳 hiding-place: 은신처 highness: 전하, 높음, 고가, 고위, 높이 highway: 상도, 간선 도로, 공도, 공로, 공로의, 상도의 highwayman: 노상강도, 노상 강도 hillock: 작은 언덕, 봉토둑, 조그만 산 hilt: 완전히, 칼자루, 자루 hind: 머슴, 고라니의 암컷, 농장 일꾼, 뒤의, 시골뜨기, 맨뒤의, 암사슴, 후부의 hinder: 방해하다, 뒤의, 뒤쪽의, 방해가 되다, 방해가되다, 후방의 hint: 암시, 변죽울리기, 넌지시 비추다, 암시하다, 힌트, 지시, 년지시 비치다, 넌지시알리다, 귀뜸, 요령, 희미한 징조 hire: 임차료, 고용되다, 세내다, 고용하다, 세놓다, 임대료, 사용료, 임차하다, 임차, 임대하다 hired: 고용한, 빌린, 삯주는 historian: 역사가 hither: 이쪽의, 여기로, 이리로, 여기에 hitherto: 지금까지는, 지금까지 hoarse: 쉰목소리의, 귀에 거슬리는, 목쉰, 목이쉰, 목쉰소리의, 쉰, 소란스러운 hobble: 곤경, 다리를 절다, 곤란, 절뚝거리게 하다, 쉬엄쉬엄 이야기하다, 다리를 묶다, 을 절름거리게 하다, 절름거리다, 절름거림, 뒤뚱거리다 hogshead: 액량단위, 큰통, 액량의

Jonathan Swift 단위, 큰 통 hollander: 네덜란드 사람 hollow: 구멍, 우묵한 곳, 공허한, 골짜기, 거짓의, 도려내다, 속이 텅빈, 우묵 들어가다, 힘없는, 우묵 들어간, 공복의 homer: 호머, 홈런, 호메로스, 전서비둘기 honesty: 정직, 성실, 솔직, 루나리아, 정절 honey: 벌꿀, 감미로운, 화밀, 정다운 말을 하다, 발림말하다, 벌꿀의, 귀여운 사람, 단것 honour: 명예, 도의심, 면목, 명성, 우등, 존경, 끗수가 가장 높은 패, 명예가 되는 것, 명예상, 에 영광을 주다, 인수하다 honourable: 고귀한, 명예로운, 존경할만한, 고위의, 영광의, 존경할 만한 honourably: 존경받도록, 훌륭히, 정당하게, 올바르게 honoured: 명예스러운, 명예스럽게 생각하여, 영광스럽게 생각하여, 명예를 받은 hoof: 걷다, 발굽으로 차다, 춤추다, 굽, 발굽 hook: 갈고리, 훅, 코바늘, 낚시, 갈고리 모양의 곶, 굴곡부, 걸쇠, 갈고리 모양으로 굽다, 갈고리 낚시에 걸다, 갈고리 모양으로 구부리다, 훅을 먹이다 hooked: 갈고리 모양의, 훅이 달린, 마약 중독의, 고리가 달린, 갈고리 모양으로 구부러진 hoop: 테, 후프, 버팀테, 기둥문, 굴렁쇠, 고생하다, 납작한 가락지, 버팀살대, 감는 테, 활 모양의 작은 문, 에 테를 두르다 hop: 홉, 춤추다, 마약, 앙감질, 아편, 뛰다, 홉 열매를 따다, 이륙하다, 도약, 짧은 여행, 홉의 열매를 따다 hopeful: 유망한, 희망적인, 희망에 찬, 우승을 노리는 선수, 유력 후보, 유망한 사람 horizon: 수평선, 지평선, 범위, 시계, 한계, 시야, 지평층 horizontally: 가로로, 수평으로, 지평으로 horns: 어느 한 쪽 horrible: 무서운, 심한, 지겨운, 무시무시한, 오싹할 만큼 싫은 horribly: 무섭게 horror: 공포, 열등품, 소름끼치게하는, 염오, 무서운것, 공포의 전율, 치가 떨리는 기분, 무서운 것, 참으로 지독한 것 horseback: 말의 등, 말등, 말을 타고 horseman: 승마자, 마술가, 기수,

기병 hosier: 양품상 hospitable: 극진한, 따뜻하게 대접하는, 기꺼이 받아들이는, 대접이 좋은 hospitably: 공손하게, 극진하게, 호의로 맞이하여 hospitality: 환대, 후대, 친절한 대접, 친절히 대접하기 hostile: 적의, 적대하는, 적의 있는 hound: 사냥개, 열중하는 사람, 맹렬히 쫓다, 비열한자, 사냥개로 사냥하다, 비열한 사나이, 개 hovering: 공중 정지, 호버링 howl: 멀리서 짖다, 울부짖으며 말하다, 윙윙 휘몰아 치다, 짖다, 짖음, 큰 소리를 내다, 호통쳐서 침묵시키다, 멀리서 짖는 소리, 악을 쓰며 말하다 howling: 쓸쓸한, 울부짖는, 터무니 없는, 대단한, 터무니없는, 짖는 hue: 색조, 빛깔, 색상, 고함, 외침소리, 비난의 소리, 색채, 고함소리, 특색 hug: 껴안다, 접근하여 지나다, 꼭 껴안음, 고집하다, 끌어안기, 포옹, 품다, 닿을 듯이 하여 나아가다, 꼭 껴안다, 접근해서 나아가다 hull: 선체, 정체, 덮개, 껍데기, 덮개를 벗기다, 선체를 궤뚫다, 껍데기를 제거하다, 외피 humanity: 인류, 인간성, 인정, 인간, 인문 과학, 박애, 인간임, 사람의 속성, 자선 행위, 라틴 문학, 인간애 humankind: 인류 humble: 겸손한, 검소한, 천하게 하다, 창피를 주다, 욕을 보이다, 비천한, 낮추는, 천한, 경멸하다 humbly: 낮추고, 겸손히 humility: 겸손, 겸허 humming: 활발한, 콧노래, 번성하는, 씽씽한, 붕붕하는, 거품 이는, 붕붕거리는, 소리를 내는 humour: 기분, 해학, 유우머, 익살, 액, 변덕 비위를 맞추다, 기질, 잘 다루다, 만족시키다 hunger: 굶주림, 갈망하다, 굶주리다, 공복, 갈망, 기근, 배가 고프다, 열망하다, 굶주리게 하다, 열망 hungry: 갈망하는, 배고픈, 공복의, 굶주린, 메마른, 몹시 원하는, 불모의, 식욕을 일으키는 hunt: 찾다, 사냥, 사냥하다, 몰이하다, 사냥을 하다, 사냥에 쓰다, 추적하다, 괴롭히다, 박해하다, 쫓아 버리다, 쫑아 버리다 hunting: 사냥, 추구, 탐색, 수렵, 난조의, 수렵의, 탐구, 탐구의, 난조 hurried: 매우 급한, 재촉하는

309 husbandry: 절약, 농업, 규모 없는 살림살이, 가정 hushed: 고요한, 조용해진 hypocrisy: 위선, 위선행위, 위선적 행위 idle: 한가한, 일이 없는, 활용되지 않고 있는, 쓸모 없는, 무용의, 까닭 없는, 태만한, 쉬고 있는, 놀고 보내다, 공전하다, 게으름 피우다 idleness: 무위, 게으름, 태만, 놀고지냄 idolatrous: 우상 숭배적인, 우상 숭배의 idolatry: 우상 숭배, 사신 숭배 ignominious: 수치스런, 면목없는, 비열한 ignominy: 불명예, 치욕, 수치스러운 행위, 면목없음, 추행 ignorance: 무식, 무지, 모르고 있음 ignorant: 무식한, 을 모르는, 무지몽매한, 무지에서 비롯되는, 무지한 ill: 서투른, 병든, 나쁜, 나쁘게, 불행, 악, 불친절하게, 불친절한, 고난, 병고, 형편이 나쁜 illegal: 불법의, 불법의비합법적인, 불법입국자, 위법의 illiterate: 무식한, 문맹인, 읽기 쓰기를 못하는, 읽고 쓸 줄 모르는, 무식자, 무교육자, 글자를 모르는 ill-treatment: 학대 illustrious: 유명한, 저명한, 현저한, 찬란한, 빛나는, 혁혁한 imaginable: 상상할 수 있는 imaginary: 상상의, 가공의어떤 사물이 상상으로서만 존재하는, 비현실적이어서 신용할수 없는, 허수, 상상상의, 허수의 imbecility: 저능, 우둔함, 바보짓, 어리석은 언동, 어리석은말 imitate: 모방하다, 흉내내다, 모조하다, 모범으로 삼다, 본받다, 모사하다, 위조하다 imitated: 본뜬, 모조의 가짜의, 모방된, 흉내내어진 imitation: 모방, 모조품, 모사, 흉내, 인조, 위조품, 비슷하게 만든 것, 모조, 모방모조, 가짜, 모방작법 immense: 광대한, 거대한, 훌륭한, 한없는, 막대한, 광대하다, 멋진, 이루 헤아릴수 없는, 굉장히, 굉장한, 아주 immoderate: 극단적인, 중용을 결한, 지나친, 절도 없는, 엄청난, 무절제한, 절제 없는 immortal: 영원한, 신의, 죽지 않는, 불후의, 불사의, 죽지 않느 사람, 불후의 명성이 있는 사람, 불멸의 불후의, 죽지않는 사람, 불멸의,

310 명성이 사라지지 않는 사람 imp: 보강하다, 개구쟁이, 악마의 새끼, 마귀 새끼, 왈패아이, 꼬마도깨비장난꾸러기, 꼬마 악마, 깃을 덧붙여주다, 꼬마 도깨비 impaired: 장애가 있는, 떨어뜨리는 impartially: 편견없이, 공평하게 impassable: 통행할 수 없는, 극복할수 없는, 넘어설 수없는, 지나갈수 없는, 통과할수 없는, 지나갈 수 없는 impatience: 조바심, 성급함, 초조, 견딜 수 없음, 참을수 없는일, 조급, 안달, 성급 impatient: 성마른, 안달하는, 참을수 없는, 갈망하는몹시기다려지는, 못 견디는, 성급한, 안절부절 못하는, 조바심하는, 참을성없는, 탐나서 못견디는 impeachment: 비난, 고발, 탄핵, 고소 impediment: 장애, 언어 장애, 말더듬이, 방해, 신체장애, 고장, 수하물, 방해물 impending: 절박한, 박두한, 금세 일어날 것 같은, 튀어나온 imperfect: 미완료의, 불완전한, 불충분한, 결점이 있는, 미완료 시제, 미완료시제, 반과거의, 미완성의 imperfectly: 미완료의, 불완전한, 불완전하게, 미완성의, 불충분하게 imperial: 황제의, 제국의, 대영제국의, 제권의, 장엄한, 당당한, 우수한, 거만한, 최고 권위의, 오만한, 황후의 impertinence: 부적절한 행위, 무례한 행위, 무례, 건방짐, 부적당한, 건방진, 당치 않은, 무례하게도, 무례한, 무례한사람, 부적절 관계 imported: 수입품의 importunate: 귀찮은, 성가신, 귀찮은조르는, 끈덕진, 끈질긴 impose: 강요하다, 속이다, 과하다, 정판하다, 떠맡기다, 부과하다, 지우다, 속여서 사게하다, 안기다, 안수하다, 에 편승하다 편승하다 impotent: 무력한, 음위의, 허약한, 노쇠한, 체력이 없는, 노쇠자, 뇌쇠한, 능력이 없는, 무력자, 성교 불능의, 성교불능자 imprimis: 최초에, 맨처음에, 우선적으로, 최초로 imprison: 감금하다, 교도소에 넣다, 가두다, 수감하다, 투옥하다, 교도소에 집어 넣다 imprisoned: 교도소에 집어 넣은 imprisonment: 투옥, 감금, 구금, 속박, 금고, 유폐 improbable: 참말 같지 않은, 정말 같지 않은, 일어날 듯하지 않은,

Gulliver’s Travels 일어날 법하지 않은, 일어날 성싶지 않은, 있을 성싶지 않은 improvements: 개량, 이용 imprudently: 경솔하게, 무분별하게 impudence: 뻔뻔스러움, 건방짐, 몰염치, 건방진 언행 impulse: 충격, 충동, 자극, 추진, 변덕, 충격량, 역적, 고무, 일시적 감정순간력, 욕구 imputation: 비난, 비방, 전가비난, 돌아감, 돌림, 누명, 허물, 돌리기 impute: 의 탓으로 하다, 전가하다, 에게 돌리다, 씌우다, 의 탓이라고 하다, 돌리다 inadvertence: 부주의, 실수, 소홀실수, 잘못 incapable: 무능한, 무력한, 허용하지 않는, 할수 없는, 자격이 없는, 자격 없는, 을 못하는, 에 견딜 수 없는, 불가능한, 무자격자, 무능자 incessant: 끊임없는, 간단 없는, 그칠새 없는, 끊임 없는 incessantly: 끊임없는, 간단 없이, 끊임 없이 incest: 근친 상간, 상피 inch: 인치, 소량, 신장, 조금씩 움직이다, 키, 작은섬, 조금, 강우량 단위, 조금씩 움직이게 하다 inches: 신장 incite: 자극하다, 격려하다, 선, 선동하다, 일으키게하다, 고무하다 incitement: 자극, 선동, 고무, 격다, 유인동기, 자극물, 자극하는 것 inclement: 험악한, 혹독한, 무정한, 궂은, 거칠고, 가혹한, 추운 inclination: 경향, 기울기, 경사, 경각, 경도, 성향, 기울이기, 의향, 숙임, 사면, 비탈 inclined: 경사진, 하고 싶어하여, 에 마음이 내키는, 경사진각도를 이루는, 경각을 이루는, 경향을 나타내며, 경향이 있는 incognito: 가명, 익명, 암행, 익명자, 변명의, 신분을 숨기고, 미행자, 익명의가명의암행의, 가명으로, 가명자 inconsiderable: 사소한, 중요치 않은, 하찮은, 중요하지 않은 inconsistently: 조화되지 않는, 양립하지 않는, 주견이 없는 inconstancy: 변하기 쉬움, 부정, 변덕스러운 행위, 변덕스러운, 변덕 inconvenience: 불편, 부자유, 폐, 귀찮음, 불편을 느끼게하다, 불편을 주다, 불편한것, 폐를 끼치다, 귀찮은 일, 불편한 것, 에게 불편을 느끼게 하다 inconvenient: 불편한, 형편이 마땅하지 않은, 폐가되는,

부자유스런, 형편이 나쁜, 부자유한 incredible: 믿어지지 않는, 엄청난, 거짓말 같은, 굉장한, 놀라운, 믿기 어려운, 신용할수 없는, 놀랄만한 incur: 입다, 분노, 비난, 에 부딪치다, 위험을 초래하다, 초래하다 indemnity: 배상금, 보장, 배상, 형벌의 면제, 손해 배상, 사면, 보장이 되는것, 변상, 면책, 보상금 indication: 지시, 계기의 시도, 시도, 지적, 징후, 표시도수, 필요한 조치, 임시, 표시징후 indies: 동인도 제도 indifference: 무관심한, 중립, 무차별, 중성의, 대수롭지 않은, 냉담, 개의치 않음, 시원치 않은, 중요치 않음, 공평한, 무관심 indifferent: 무관심한, 공평한, 중성의, 치우치지 않는, 개의치 않는, 평범한, 좋지도 나쁘지도 않은, 변변치 않은중성의, 중립의, 중요치 않은, 시원치 않은 indifferently: 무관심하게, 상당히, 시원치 않게 indignation: 분개, 의분, 분 indignity: 경멸, 모욕, 무례, 냉대, 모욕적인 대우 indisposed: 기분이 나쁜, 할 마음이 내키지 않는, 몸이 좀 아픈, 마음이 내키지 않는, 기분이 언짢은, 싫중난 indisposition: 기분이 언짢음, 싫증, 병, 마음이 내키지않음, 알맞지 않음, 부적당, 마음이 내키지 않음 indulgence: 대사, 신앙의 자유, 은혜, 탐닉, 관대, 방종, 대사부, 도락, 멋대로 함, 면죄부, 방자 indulgent: 관대한, 멋대로 하게하는, 어하는, 응석을 받아주는 부모, 엄하지 않은, 제멋대로 하게 하는 inexpressible: 말로 표현할 수 없는, 양복바지, 이루 말할수없는, 바지 infallible: 반드시 일어나는, 절대 확실한, 오류가 없는, 전혀 오류가 없는, 전혀 잘못이 없는, 절대적으로 확실한, 틀리는 일이 없는, 전혀 틀림이 없는 infallibly: 오류가 없는, 전혀 잘못이 없는, 절대 확실한 infamous: 파렴치한, 수치스런, 악명 높은, 지독한, 불명예스러운, 악명높은, 공민권을 박탈당한, 아주나쁜, 악독한이름난, 악랄한, 지긋지긋한 infamy: 불명예, 오명, 악평, 파렴치한 행위, 추행, 비행, 파렴치죄에 의한 공민권상실 infancy: 초기, 유년, 미성년, 유소, 요람기, 유아, 미성년에, 초기에, 유년시대

Jonathan Swift infected: 병균을 혼입하는, 병독을 혼입하는, 영향을 미치는, 감염되는, 물들게 하, 물들이는 inferior: 하위의, 하급자, 손아랫사람, 후배, 하등의, 열등한 사람, 하급품, 하급의, 이하위의, 열등한, 밑에 붙은 inferiors: 하위의 infernal: 지옥의, 지독한, 명부의, 악마와 같은, 지긋지긋한, 악마 같은, 악독한, 무도한, 비인간적인 infest: 해치다, 들끊다, 창궐하다, 엄습하다, 만연하다, 횡행하다, 노략질하다, 꾀다, 몰려들다 infinite: 무한의, 막대한, 끝없는, 무한대, 부정의, 부정형의, 무한한 공간, 무한량, 완전무결한, 무한, 무수한 infinitely: 지독히, 훨씬, 무한히, 무한의, 몹시, 막대한, 대단히, 무한 infirmity: 허약, 약점, 병약, 병, 결점, 연약, 질병, 질환, 결함 infirmly: 견고하지못한, 허약하게, 우유부단한 inflamed: 염증을 일으킨, 충혈한, 얼굴이 빨개진, 흥분한 inform: 밀고하다, 알리다, 알려주다, 통지하다, 채우다, 지식을 주다, 기별하다, 불어넣다, 고무하다, 분별하다, 고발하다 informed: 지식이 있는, 지식의 필요한, 소식통의, 견문이 넓은, 사정에 밝은, 학식이 있는 informer: 통지자, 밀고자, 고발자, 정보제공자, 스파이, 통지하다 informing: 유익한, 교육적인 ingenious: 교묘한, 독창적인, 영리한, 재간 있는, 정교한, 창의력이 있는, 재주가 있는, 있는 ingeniously: 교묘한, 재간 있는, 재주가 있는 ingenuity: 발명의 재간, 정교, 교묘함, 재주, 발명의재주, 독창력, 교묘, 고안력, 발명의 재질 ingratiate: 의 비위를 맞추다, 환심을 사다, 마음에 들게 하다 ingratitude: 배은 망덕, 망은, 은혜를 모름 inhabit: 에 살다, 거주하다, 살다, 에 존재하다, 에 깃들다 inhabited: 사람이 살고 있는 inhuman: 몰인정한, 비인간적인, 초인적인, 잔학한, 냉혹한, 잔인한 inhumanity: 몰인정, 무자비, 잔인, 잔인한것, 잔학, 몰인정한 행위, 냉혹 inimitable: 흉내낼 수 없는, 다시 없는, 추종을 불허하는 iniquitous: 부정의, 사악한, 간악한, 부정한, 불법의 injure: 해치다, 상처를 입히다,

다치게 하다, 부상시키다, 손상하다, 손해를 주다, 손상시키다, 상처나게 하다 injured: 부상한, 감정이 상한, 손상된, 다친, 감정을 상한, 상처입은, 부상자들, 다쳐서 injurious: 해로운, 모욕적인, 부당한, 유해한, 부정한사람을 헤치는, 불법의, 중상적인, 불법인 injuriously: 부당한, 모욕적인, 해로운 injustice: 부정, 불공평, 부정행위, 불법, 권리침해 ink: 잉크, 먹물, 잉크를 칠하다, 잉크로 쓰다, 잉크로 더럽히다서명하다, 인쇄용 잉크 inmost: 맨 안쪽의, 가장 깊은, 마음 깊은곳의, 깊이 간직한, 마음 깊이 간직한, 내심의, 가장 깊숙한 곳의, 가장 깊은속의 inn: 여인숙, 여관, 선술집, 법학생의 숙사선술집, 호텔, 주막, 거소, 주소, 주거 innermost: 맨 안쪽의, 가장 깊숙한 곳, 가장 깊은 속의 innocence: 무죄, 천진난만, 결백, 순진, 꼭두서니과의 일종, 무해, 순결, 숫 됨, 현삼과의 일종, 깨끗함, 때묻지 않음 innocent: 순진한, 죄없는, 호인, 결백한, 흠없는, 결백한 사람, 때묻지 않은, 무식한, 무해의, 무해한, 바보 innovation: 혁신, 쇄신, 일신, 혁신하다, 기술혁신, 새로 도입한것, 새제도, 신기축 innuendo: 풍자, 암시, 빗댐, 빈정거리다, 빈정대는말 innumerable: 무수한, 셀수 없는, 이루 셀 수 없는 inquire: 문의하다, 묻다, 조사하다, 질문하다 inquiring: 알고 싶어 하는, 묻고 싶은 듯한, 묻는, 미심쩍은, 미심쩍은 듯한, 알고 싶어하는, 호기심에찬, 캐묻기 좋아하는, 탐구적인 inquisition: 조사, 심리, 심문, 종교재판, 종교재판소, 종교 재판소, 종교 재판 inquisitive: 캐묻기 좋아하는, 알고자 하는, 물어보고 싶어하는, 호기심이 강한, 호기심이 많은, 알고싶어하는 insatiable: 탐욕스러운, 만족할줄 모르는, 물릴 줄 모르는, 탐욕한, 만족할 줄 모르는 insect: 곤충, 벌레, 곤충인색한, 벌레같은 놈, 비열한, 소인 insert: 삽입물, 끼워넣다, 삽입하다, 삽입자막, 삽입광고, 삽입 페이지, 삽입 자막, 끼우다, 게재하다, 써넣다,

311 삽입 inserted: 부착된, 끼워넣은, 착생한 insight: 통찰력, 통찰, 식견, 견식, 간파, 간파력, 안식 insignificant: 대수롭지 않은, 하찮은, 무의미한, 천한, 시시한, 의미 없는 insinuating: 넌지시 비추는, 은근히 심어주다, 슬쩍 보이다, 넌지시 비추다, 교묘하게 환심을 사는, 교묘하게 환심사다, 간사한, 서서히 파고 들다 insinuation: 빗댐, 천천히 들어감, 교묘하게 환심사다, 교묘하게 환심을 삼, 넌지시 비추다, 서서히 파고 들다, 슬쩍 보이다, 은근히 심어주다, 암시, 풍자, 슬며시 들어가기 insipid: 맛없는, 재미없는, 풍미가 없는, 김빠진, 무미건조한 insist: 주장하다, 우기다, 강요하다, 고집하다, 억지로 하게 하다, 역설하다, 끝까지 우기다, 강력히 주장하다 insolence: 오만, 무례, 거만함, 건방진, 건방진태도, 거만 insolent: 무례한, 건방진, 오만한, 안하무인의 insomuch: 만큼, 의 정도로, 이므로 instance: 경우, 보기로 들다, 소송, 예, 권고, 권유, 실례, 시사, 제의, 보기실례, 부탁 instant: 순간, 절박한, 즉시, 즉각의, 긴급한, 즉석의, 즉각, 즉석식의, 인스턴트식품, 인스턴트커피, 이달의 instinct: 본능, 천성, 가득 찬, 넘치는, 배어든, 직각력, 가득찬 instruct: 지시하다, 알리다, 가르치다, 통고하다, 교육하다, 명령하다, 에게 교수하다, 에게 명령하다, 에게 지시하다, 보고하다 instruction: 교수, 명령, 교육, 지시, 훈령, 교훈, 소송위임장, 지령, 지식, 가르침 instructor: 교사, 지도자, 전임강사, 가르치는 사람, 강사, 사범님, 교수하는 사람 instrument: 기계, 기구, 악기, 증서, 앞잡이, 수단, 방편, 조격의, 악기의, 도구, 기계의 instrumental: 기계의, 악기의, 수단이 되는, 조격, 조격의, 악기를 위한, 악기에 의한, 쓸모 있는, 도움이 되는, 기계를 사용하는 insufficiency: 불충분한, 부족, 불충분, 불총분, 결점 insuperable: 이겨내기 어려운, 무적의, 극복할 수 없는 insupportable: 견딜 수 없는, 지탱할수 없는, 참을 수 없는, 지탱할

312 수 없는 insurrection: 폭동, 반란, 봉기 integrity: 완전, 고결, 성실, 정직, 흠없음, 보전, 원상 intellects: 지력 intellectuals: 지식인들 intelligible: 지성만으로 알수 있는, 알기쉬 운, 알기쉬운, 이해할수 있는, 이해할 수 있는, 명료한, 지성적인 intemperance: 무절제, 방종, 과도, 무절제한, 폭음하는, 혹독한, 폭음대주 intend: 할 작정이다, 예정하다, 의미하다, 의도하다, 하려고 생각하다, 지정하다, 셈이다, 뜻하다, 꾀하다, 기도하다, 가리키다 intending: 미래의.지망하는 intense: 격렬한, 열심인, 매우 짙은, 정렬적인, 열정적인, 노력적인, 감정적인, 긴장된, 강한, 심한 intent: 의미, 의지, 열심인, 취지, 목적, 의향, 사실상, 열중하여, 집중된, 여념이 없는, 여념없는 intercede: 중재하다, 조정하다, 중간에 들어 조정하다 intercourse: 성교, 교통, 교제, 영교, 영적인 교통, 의사의 교환, 영적 교통, 영적 교류 interfere: 간섭하다, 방해하다, 충돌하다, 조정하다, 해치다, 참견하다, 중재하다, 대립하다, 손상하다, 훼방하다, 발벗고 나서다 intermission: 중지, 중절, 휴게, 막간, 휴게 시간, 막간에연주되는 곡, 휴식 시간 interpolator: 가필자, 개찬자 interposition: 간섭, 중재, 조정, 제기하다, 말참견하다, 개재, 각주의 연방정부에 대한 간섭 허용주의, 사이에 넣음, 중재에 나서다, 사이에 들어가다, 사이에 끼우다 interpret: 해석하다, 통역하다, 연주하다, 설명하다, 이해하다, 판단하다, 해몽하다, 기계 번역하다, 기계번역하다, 의 통역을 하다, 자기의 해석에 따라서 연주하다 interpreter: 연출자, 해석자, 번역기, 통역자, 해석프로그램, 설명자, 통역 interrupt: 방해하다, 가로막다, 중단하다, 중단시키다, 끼어들다, 일시 정지, 도중에서 방해하다, 저지하다 interrupted: 중단된, 가로막힌, 단속적인, 중절된 interruption: 중단, 방해, 가로막음, 중절, 불통 intestine: 내부의, 국내의 장, 장 intimate: 친밀한, 상세한, 암시하다, 사사로운, 깊은, 친구, 친한친구,

Gulliver’s Travels 알리다, 일신상의, 정교를 맺고 있는 사통하고 있는, 친숙한 intolerable: 견딜 수 없는, 과도한, 참을수 없는, 애타는, 약오르는 intolerably: 참을수 없이, 극히, 견디지 못하게 intrepidity: 대담, 용맹스러움, 겁없음, 대담한 행위, 대담함, 용맹 intrigue: 밀통, 음모, 음모를 꾸미다, 밀통하다, 의 호기심을 돋우다, 달성하다, 의 흥미를 돋구다, 술책을 쓰다, 손에 넣다, 불의, 의 흥미를 돋우다 intromission: 삽입, 입장 허가, 들여보냄, 가입허가, 입장 inundation: 홍수, 범람, 침수, 충만, 쇄도 invade: 침입하다, 침해하다, 침략하다, 쳐들어가다, 퍼지다, 밀어닥치다, 충만하다, 몰려들다침범하다, 대거몰려오다, 내습하다 invader: 침입자, 침략자, 침력자 invasion: 침입, 침해, 침략 invent: 발명하다, 날조하다, 조작하다, 만들다, 창안하다, 훔치다, 을 처음으로 만들어 내다 invention: 발명의 재능, 발명, 발명품, 날조, 허구, 꾸며낸 이야기, 발명력, 발견성십자가 발견의 축일, 꾸며낸 일, 창안문, 조작한것 inventor: 발명자, 발명가, 창안자, 창출자, 고안자 inventory: 재고품, 표, 목록, 재산 목록, 재고조사 자산, 재고품의 총가격, 재고품목록, 천연자원 재고 일람표, 재고조사, 재고 조사를 하다, 인물조사기록 inviolable: 불가침의, 신성한, 침범할수 없는, 범할수 없는 invisible: 눈에 보이지 않는, 신, 영계, 눈에 안보이는, 모습을 나타내지 않는, 숨은, 얼굴을 보이지 않는, 얼굴을 내놓지 않는 invitation: 초대, 유언, 유혹, 유인, 초빙, 권유, 도전, 매력, 안내장 invite: 초대장, 초대하다, 끌다, 가져오다, 초래하다, 간청하다, 자아내다, 부탁하다, 끌다 쏠리게하다, 야기시키다, 청하다 inward: 내적인, 안으로, 내장, 내부, 내부의, 낮은, 창자, 안의, 내심, 마음의, 수입의 irrational: 이성이 없는, 불합리한, 무리의 부진근수의무리수, 분별없는, 무리수의, 무리수, 무리의, 부진근수의 irreconcilable: 화해할 수 없는, 조화되지 않는, 비타협적인 사람,

서로 상충하는 생각, 양립할수 없는, 융화하기 어려운, 모순되는, 대립한 irregularly: 불규칙하게, 비정규적으로, 불규칙적으로, 부정기적으로, 고르지 않게 isle: 섬, 작은섬, 섬에 살다 ivory: 상아, 상아색, 상아로 만든것이, 상아로된상아 같은, 상아로 만든, 기다란 앞니, 치아, 주사위, 상아제품, 피아노의 건, 상아유사품 jabber: 재잘거리다, 재잘거림, 지껄이다, 마구 지껄이다, 알아듣지도 못할 정도로 빠르게 지껄이는 말 jackdaw: 갈가마귀, 갈까마귀 jail: 교도소, 구치소, 투옥하다, 구류 jargon: 뜻을 알수 없는 말, 변말, 횡설수설, 이해할 수 없는 말, 특수 용어, 횡설수설하다 jealous: 불신앙을 용서치 않는, 샘내는, 질투많은, 경계심이 강한, 다른 신을 섬기는 것을 허락지 않는, 지키는데 급급한, 질투심 많은 jealousy: 경계심, 샘, 질투, 시기, 빈틈 없는 배려 jerkin: 조끼, 가죽 조끼, 짧은 상의, 소매없는 짧은 조끼 jet: 제트기, 분출구, 혹옥, 제트엔진, 사출, 분출, 분사, 분사하다, 분출하다, 제트기의, 제트기에서의 jewry: 유대인, 유대인 지구, 유대인지구, 이디시 말 jig: 낚싯봉 달린 낚시, 상하로 움직이다, 광석을 선광 체로 체질하다, 급격하게 상하로 움직이다, 급격히 상하로 움직이게 하다, 지그, 지그 춤을 추다 johnny: 녀석, 맵시꾼, 남자 이름, 남자 joiner: 소목장이, 결합자, 즐겨 여러 단체에 드는 사람, 많은 단체에 가입하는 사람, 많은 단체에 것을 좋아하는 사람, 많은 회에 가입하는 것을 좋아하는 사람, 많은 회에 가입하는 사람 joining: 결합하는, 결합하는 것, 접합하는, 접합하는 것 jolt: 동요, 덜컹거리다, 덜컹거리며 나아가다, 덜컹거림, 충격, 흔들리다, 심한 상하의 움직임, 덜커덕커덕 흔들리다, 급격히 흔들리게 하다, 마차 따위가 급격히 흔들리게 하다 journal: 일지, 분개장, 신문, 잡지, 항해 일지, 굴대의 목, 일간 신문, 일간신문 judicature: 사법권, 사범 기관, 재판권, 사법 사무, 사법부, 재판관의 직권, 재판관의 권위 judicial: 판단력이 있는, 사법의,

Jonathan Swift 비판적인, 재판소의, 공평한, 재판관과 같은, 재판관에 어울리는 judicious: 현명한, 사려있는, 사려분별이 있는 juice: 전기, 가솔린, 액, 즙, 원기, 고기 따위의 국물, 야채의 국물, 분비액, 본질, 과일의 국물 juicy: 윤기도는, 즙이 많은, 재미있는, 흥미 진진한, 수분이 많은 juncture: 이음매, 연결, 경우, 위기, 접합, 접속, 연접, 전기 junto: 비밀 결사단, 음모단, 정치상의 비밀결사, 비밀결사 jury: 배심, 임시의, 심사원, 배심원, 심시위원회, 심시위원단 justiciary: 사법상의, 서법상의, 판사 사법상의, 대사법관 justifiable: 정당하다고 인정할 수있는, 정당한, 정당하다고 인정되는 justification: 정당화, 변호, 의롭다고 인정됨, 변명, 옹호, 의인, 행위의 정당화 justify: 정당함을 나타내다, 의 이유가 되다, 비난에 대하여 변명하다, 고르게하다, 정당화하다, 정당화 하다, 의 정당한 이유가 되다, 충분한 근거를 제시하다, 죄인을 옳다고 하다, 신이 옳다고 하다, 의 행 사이를 조정하다 justly: 바르게, 정당하게, 공정하게 justness: 지당한, 이제 막, 전혀, 에누리 없이, 정당한, 정확한, 올바른, 이윽고, 바르게, 방금, 공정한 jutting: 튀어나온 kennel: 개집, 도랑, 개의사육장, 사냥개의떼, 사냥개의 떼, 개의 사육장, 떼, 오두막집, 사냥개 따위의 떼, 개집에 넣다, 개집에 들어가다 kentish: 켄트주의, 켄트 주의 kick: 차다, 해고, 총이 반동으로 튀다, 차기, 반동, 흥분, 반항하다, 반항, 골에 공을 차넣다, 드릴, 반동으로 치다 kindle: 타오르게 하다, 빛나다, 점화하다, 불을 붙이다, 밝게 하다, 불이 붙다, 흥분하다, 얼굴 따위가 빛나다, 정열 따위를 타오르게 하다, 불붙다, 태우다 kindly: 친절한, 쾌히, 기꺼이, 상냥하게, 상냥한, 온하한, 쾌히 받아들이다, 친절히, 기후 따위가 온화한, 온화한, 자연히 kindness: 친절, 우정, 상냥함, 친절한 태도, 친절한 행위 kindred: 유사, 혈족, 친척 관계, 일가 권속, 혈족의, 같은 성질의, 친척, 같은 종류의, 같은 종류, 혈연, 혈연의

kingly: 왕의, 왕다운, 위엄 있는 kinsman: 남자 친척, 친척의 남자, 혈족의 남자 kiss: 키스, 당과의 일종, 키스하다, 굴욕을 당하다, 가볍게 스치다, 접촉하다, 에 키스하다, 에 가볍게 스치다, 가볍게 스치기 kissing: 키스하는 kite: 솔개, 연, 융통 어음, 사기꾼, 제일 높은 돛, 융통어음으로 바꾸다, 여론을 살피다, 솔개처럼 날다, 빠르게 움직이다, 소리개, 솔개와 같은 욕심꾸러기 kitten: 말괄량이, 잔뜩 화내다, 고양이 새끼, 새끼 고양이, 새끼고양이, 낳다, 고양이가 새끼를 낳다 knave: 잭, 하인, 약한, 신분이 낮은 사내, 무뢰한, 악한, 남자아이 knee: 무릎, 무릎으로 대다, 무릎모양의 것, 무릎 모양의 것, 무릎으로 건드리다, 무릎 모양의 물건 knees: 무릎 knives: 나이프, 칼 knocking: 노킹, 문두들김 knot: 혹, 무리, 매듭, 매듭을 짓다, 매다, 곤란, 난국, 떼, 나비 매듭, 마디, 매어지다 knotted: 꺼져, 듣기 싫다, 마디가 있는, 어려운, 매듭이 있는, 울퉁불퉁한, 귀찮아, 얽힌 laborious: 힘드는, 부지런한 labouring: 애쓰는, 고생하는, 노동에 종사하는 lad: 젊은이, 소년, 남자, 녀석, 일반적으로 남자 ladder: 사닥다리, 연줄, 사닥다리 모양의 것 laden: 실린, 고민하는, 괴로워하는, 짐을 실은 lading: 짐싣기, 적재, 뱃짐, 선적 lamb: 새끼양, 새끼양 고기, 순한사람, 낳다, 풋내기, 램, 어린 양고기, 양이 새끼를 낳다, 새끼양의 모피, 비평가, 교회의 어린 신자 lame: 절름발이의, 절름발이로 만들다, 불충분한, 앞뒤가 맞지 않는, 절름발이가 절룩거리다, 절름발이가 되다, 운율이 불완전한, 불완전한, 불구의, 라메 lament: 비탄, 슬퍼하다, 한탄하다, 비가, 애석해 하다 lamented: 애도를 받는 landed: 소유지의, 토지를 갖고 있는, 토지의, 토지를 소유한, 양륙한, 토지로 된 landing: 상륙, 착륙, 상륙장, 층계 참, 층계참

313 landing-place: 상륙장 landlord: 지주, 주인, 바깥 주인, 바깥주인, 하숙 따위의 주인, 여관 따위의 주인, 가장 laniard: 방아끈 lank: 호리호리한, 야윈, 곱슬곱슬하지 않은, 여윈 lap: 무릎, 싸다, 핥다, 기르는 환경, 한바퀴 돌다, 아랫자락, 기꺼이 듣다, 접어겹치다, 한번감기, 처진 부분, 무릎부분 lappet: 주름, 늘어진 살, 늘어진 부분, 의복 따위의 늘어진 부분 larboard: 좌현 largeness: 다수의, 막연히, 큰, 관대한, 큼, 위대함, 과장된 상태, 관대 lark: 희롱거리다, 종다리, 농담하다, 장난, 희롱하다, 종달새 lastly: 최후에, 최후로 lately: 요즈음, 최근 lather: 비누거품, 땀투성이가 되다, 외 만드는 사람, 후려갈기다, 에 비누 거품을 칠하다, 비누가 거품이 일다, 거품이 일다, 비누 거품 latin: 라틴어의, 라틴어, 로마 카톨릭교의, 라틴계의 사람, 라틴의 latitude: 위도, 범위, 지대, 지역, 자유, 관용도, 한대지방, 사상 따위의 자유 범위, 위도에서 보았을 때의 지방, 노출의 관용도, 자유 범위 lattice: 격자, 격자형 배열, 에 격자를 붙이다, 격자 만들기, 창살, 격자 세공 latticed: 격자를 붙인, 창살꼴로 만든 laud: 찬가, 첫기도, 칭송하다, 찬미, 칭찬하다 laudable: 칭찬할 만한 laughing: 우스운, 기쁜듯한, 웃는, 웃을, 웃고 있는, 웃을 만한, 웃음 laughter: 웃음, 웃음소리 lavender: 라벤더, 연보라색, 연보랏빛의, 라벤더색, 연보라빛, 라벤더빛 lawfully: 정당한, 합법의, 법정의 lawn: 잔디, 론, 잔디밭, 숲사이의 빈 터론, 론천 lawyer: 법률가, 변호사 laying: 부설, 조준, 쌓음, 꼬는 법, 애벌칠, 쌓기, 놓기, 한 배에 깐 알, 끌어 댐, 설치, 한 번에 까는 알 lazy: 느린, 게으른, 태만한, 귀찮은 듯한 leads: 지붕을 잇는데 쓰는 함석 leaf: 잎, 잎이 나오다, 꽃잎, 박, 페이지를 넘기다, 얇은 판자, 한장, 풀잎, 흔히 꽃잎, 한 장, 책의 한 장 leak: 새다, 샘, 새는 구멍이 있다, 새는 곳, 누전, 새기 시작하다,

314 새다비, 새는 구멍, 비밀 따위가 새다, 새는 물, 새게 하다 leaky: 새기 쉬운, 오줌을 지리는, 새는 구멍 있는, 비밀을 누설하기 쉬운, 오줌을 잘 싸는, 새는 구멍이 있는 lean: 의지하다, 야윈, 기대다, 살코기, 빈약한, 의 경향이 있다, 지방 없는, 수확이 적은, 굽다, 기욺, 기울이다 leaning: 경향, 경사, 기호 leap: 뛰기, 도약하다, 뛰다, 약동하다, 그 거리, 뛰어 넘다, 일사천리로, 껑충뛰다, 뛰어넘다, 뛰게 하다 lease: 임대하다, 빌리다, 임차하다, 땅을 임대하다, 땅을 임차하다, 차지계약, 차가계약, 조차, 임차권 leathern: 가죽의 leeward: 바람이 불어가는 쪽, 바람 불어가는 쪽의, 바람 불어가는 쪽에, 바람 불어가는 쪽으로, 바람 불어가는 쪽 legally: 법률의, 합법적인 legislative: 입법의, 법률 제정하는, 입법권 legislator: 입법자, 법률제정자 legislature: 입법부 lend: 빌려주다, 증대시키다, 더하다, 꾸어주다, 도와주다, 돈을 꾸어주다 lenity: 관대, 자비심이 많음 lent: 사순절, 케리므브즈 대학 춘계 보트 레이스 lessen: 적게하다, 줄이다, 얕보다, 작게 되다, 작게 하다, 적게 되다, 적게 하다 lesser: 보다작은, 보다 적은, 보다 작은, 보다 적게 lesson: 학과, 교훈, 일과, 과업, 연습, 수업, 훈계하다, 연속적인 수업, 과, 교과서 중의 과, 교습 lessons: 수업, 연속적인 수업 lest: 을 두려워하여, 하지 않도록, 하지나 않을까 하고 letting: 셋집, 임대, 전세아파트 levant: 레반트 levee: 제방, 둑, 부두, 집견회, 아침 알현, 접견, 선창, 강의 제방, 충적제 lewd: 음탕한, 호색의 lewdness: 음탕한, 호색의, 음탕함 leyden: 네절란드 남서부의 도시 liable: 걸리기 쉬운, 책임있는, 빠지기쉬운, 법률상 책임을 져야 할, 책임을 져야 할, 하기 쉬운, 할 것 같은, 에 처해져야 할 liberties: 시효로 얻은특권, 칙허로 얻은 특권, 특권 libertine: 난봉꾼, 방탕자, 방탕한 사람, 방탕한 liberty: 자유, 멋대로함, 자유구역, 방종, 시효로 얻은 특권, 칙허로 얻은

Gulliver’s Travels 특권, 특권, 할 자유 libidinous: 호색의, 애욕의 libraries: 도서관 license: 방종, 면허하다, 면허, 방자, 감찰, 파격, 허가증, 인가, 인가하다, 승낙 licentiousness: 방탕함 lick: 핥다, 속력, 에 이기다, 조금, 넘실거리다, 한번 핥기, 핥음, 해내다, 일격, 급속히 번지다, 너울거리다 lightning: 번개, 전광, 번개와 같은, 번개의 likewise: 마찬가지로, 또한, 똑같이, 그리고 또한 lilliput: 난장이 나라 lilliputian: 난쟁이, 난쟁이 나라의, 릴리펏 사람, 릴리펏 인의, 릴리펏의 limb: 수족, 날개, 팔, 의 가지를자르다, 앞이, 가장자리, 구, 달 따위의 가장자리, 문장의 구, 엽변, 의 손발을 끊다 lineally: 길쭉한, 선형적으로, 직선적으로 lineament: 얼굴 생김새, 용모, 특징, 눈 생김새, 코 생김새, 외형 lined: 안을 댄, 선을 그은 linen: 아마포, 린네르처럼 흰, 린네르제품, 아마실, 린네르, 린네르류, 린네르제의, 리넨 제품, 옥양목 제품, 리넨 종이, 리넨제의 linnet: 홍방울새, 붉은가슴방울새 lip: 입술, 입술을 쓰다, 찰싹찰싹 치다, 수다, 귀때, 입, 입술을 대다, 중얼거리다, 끝끝내 고집을 세우다, 에 입술을 대다, 표면만의 liquid: 액체, 유음, 맑은, 유창한, 돈으로 바꿀 수 있는, 유음의, 유동체, 액체의, 투명한, 유려한, 시 따위 유려한 liquor: 알코올 음료, 술, 술을 많이 먹이다, 물약, 용액에 담그다, 독주를 마시게 하다, 독주를 많이 마시다, 분비액 lisbon: 리스본, 포루투갈의 수도, 포루투갈의수도 listless: 무관심한, 께느른한, 냉담한, 느른한, 열의없는, 노곤한, 마음이 내키지 않는 literally: 글자뜻대로 littleness: 작음, 인색, 조금, 옹졸, 쩨쩨함, 근소 livelihood: 생계, 살림, 호구지책 livery: 제복, 정복, 정식량, 일정한 옷, 옷차림, 간이 나쁜, 말이나 마차 세놓은 업, 말의 정식량, 마차셋집, 동업 조합, 말셋집 loaded: 탄알을 잰, 감정적이 된, 납을 박은, 짐실은, 취한, 화약을잰, 의미 심장한, 다른 것을 섞은, 만취한,

박은, 술 따위 다른 것을 섞은 loading: 짐싣기, 선적, 짐싣기의 loads: 잔뜩 loadstone: 천연 자석, 천연자석 loathing: 지겨움, 강한 혐오, 질색, 혐오, 싫음, 혐오를 느끼는 loathsome: 지긋지긋한, 구역질 나는, 기분 나쁜, 육체적으로 기분 나쁜, 싫는, 싫어서 견딜 수 없는 lock: 자물쇠, 챙겨넣다, 타래, 끌어안다, 총기, 한 줌의털, 자물쇠를 채우다, 제륜장차, 가두다, 고착시키다, 자물쇠가 채워지다 lodge: 맡기다, 묵다, 하숙인, 오두막집, 쓰러지다, 지부, 수위실, 투숙케 하다, 파수막, 해리따위의 굴, 동거인 lodging: 하숙, 셋방, 숙소, 숙박, 하숙집, 학장 관사, 주소 lodgings: 셋방 lofty: 거만한, 고상한, 당당한, 치속은, 대단히 높은, 숭고한, 거드럭거리는, 매우 높은 logwood: 로그우드, 남미 열대지방산의 나무, 남미열대지방산의나무 loins: 허리, 허리부분 longitude: 경도, 세로, 황경 looking-glass: 거울 loose: 풀다, 풀린, 쏘다, 엉성한, 총포를 쏘다, 포장이 나쁜, 헐렁헐렁한, 헐거워지다, 흐트러진, 낙낙한, 놓다 lordship: 귀족임, 군주임, 각하, 군주의 신분, 귀족의 신분 loud: 큰소리로, 화려한, 떠들썩한, 극성스러운, 소리가 큰, 주제넘는, 불쾌히, 좀 지나치게 화려한, 높은, 야비한, 야하게 louse: 이, 기생충, 천한녀석, 비열한 놈, 이를 잡다 lover: 애호자, 연인, 애인, 찬미자, 문예 따위의 애호자 loving: 사랑하는, 애정을 품고있는, 친애하는, 남을 사랑하는, 충실한 lowest: 최하의, 최소의 lucid: 맑은, 명백한, 투명한, 빛나는, 뚜렷한, 의식 따위가 뚜렷한 luckily: 운좋게, 다행히도, 상서롭게, 운 좋게 lug: 귀, 손잡이, 돌출부, 잡아당기다, 멍청이, 세게 끌다, 힘껏 끎, 돌기, 러그세일, 일정한 직업이 없는 게으름뱅이, 홱 당기다 luggage: 여행가방, 수하물, 여행 가방 lump: 덩어리, 참다, 견디다, 덩어리지다, 많음, 어슬렁어슬렁 걷다, 총체로, 덩어리로 만들다, 혹,

Jonathan Swift 땅딸보, 멍청이 lunge: 찌르기, 찌르다, 차다, 불쑥 내밀다, 펜싱 따위의 찌르기, 돌출, 무기를 쑥 내밀다, 쑥 내밀다 lust: 육욕, 열망, 색정, 강한 욕망, 갈망, 열망하다, 색욕을 일으키다, 갈망하다 luxurious: 사치스런, 사치를 좋아하는, 호화스런, 매우 쾌적한, 사치스러운 luxury: 사치, 사치품, 쾌락, 호화, 비싼 물건, 유쾌함 madagascar: 아프리카 남동쪽의 섬나라, 마다가스카르 madness: 광기, 열광, 광희, 정신 착란 magic: 마법, 마법의, 기술, 불가사의한, 기술의, 불가사의한 힘, 마술적인, 마법 같은 magistrate: 치안 판사, 행정 장관, 사법권이 있는 행정장관, 치안판사, 행정장관 magnanimous: 도량이 넓은, 아량 있는, 도량이 큰 magnet: 자석, 사람을 끄는 것, 사람을 끄는 사람 magnetic: 매력 있는, 자기성이 있는, 자기 모멘트, 자석의, 매력이 있는, 최면술의 magnificence: 장엄, 훌륭함, 장려, 호화, 웅대 magnificent: 웅대한, 장려한, 훌륭한, 장엄한, 우수한, 아주 훌륭한, 이상한 magnify: 확대하다, 과장하다, 칭찬하다, 증대하다, 찬미하다 magnitude: 크기, 광도, 진도, 중요도, 항성의 광도, 중대 maid: 소녀, 하녀, 아가씨, 처녀, 잔소리꾼, 조커 빼기, 신부의 들러리, 미혼녀, 계집아이, 여자 maimed: 불구의, 상한 mainmast: 큰 돛대, 메인마스트 mainsail: 주범 majestic: 당당한, 위엄 있는, 위엄있는 majesty: 주권, 폐하, 위엄, 장엄 malady: 병폐, 병, 질병, 특히 만성적인 질병 malefactor: 악인, 범인 malice: 악의, 해칠 마음, 범의, 적극적인 악의 malicious: 악의 있는, 속 검은, 적의 있는 maliciously: 심술궂게, 악의있게 malignity: 악성, 악의, 원한, 병의 악성 malleability: 순응성, 전성, 금속의 가단성, 가단성 mamma: 엄마, 유방, 포유 동물의

유방 managing: 인색한, 관리하는, 처리하는, 잘꾸려 나가는, 간섭 잘하는, 수뇌의, 처리를 잘하는, 절약하는, 간섭하고 싶어하는, 경영을 잘하는 manes: 조상의 영혼 manger: 여물통, 구유 manhood: 남자임, 남자다움, 인간임, 성년 남자 전체, 남성기, 성년, 인격, 인성, 성인, 성인 남자 manifest: 나타나다, 적하 목록에 기재하다, 명백한, 명시하다, 나타내다, 입증하다, 의견을 발표하다, 적하 목록, 유령 따위가 나타나다, 밖으로 나타내다, 감정 따위를 밖으로 나타내다 manifestly: 명백히, 분명히 mankind: 남성, 인간, 인류 manned: 유인의, 사람이 탄, 사람을 태운 manners: 예의, 예절, 풍습 man-of-war: 군함, 보통 옛날의 군함 manufacture: 제조하다, 제품, 날조하다, 남작하다, 제조업, 제작, 제조, 제작하다, 문예작품 따위를 남작하다, 문예 작품 따위의 남작, 말을 날조하다 manufactures: 제품 manuring: 비료를 주는 것 manuscript: 원고, 손으로 쓴, 필사한, 사본, 필사의, 사본 원고의 marble: 대리석, 공기돌, 조각, 대리석 무늬를 넣다, 대리석제, 책 가장자리 따위를 대리석 무늬로 하다, 종이 따위를 대리석 무늬로 하다, 아이들의 공기돌, 비누 따위를 대리석 무늬로 하다, 대리석 무늬로 하다, 대리석의 조각물 mare: 바다, 암말, 암컷, 말 따위의 암컷 mariner: 선원, 금성 탐사용의 우주선, 수부, 화성 maritime: 바다의, 바다에 사는, 해변의, 해상의, 해안 가까이에 사는, 항해의 marking: 표, 점, 반문, 채점하기, 답안 따위를 채점하기 marquis: 후작, 공작의 장남의 경칭, 영국에서 공작의 장남의 경칭 marriageable: 결혼할 수 있는, 혼기가 된, 과년, 특히 여성이 흔기에 이른, 혼기에 달한, 흔기에 이른 marrow: 골수, 순수한, 정수, 서양 호박, 원기, 자양이 풍부한 음식 masculine: 남자의, 남자같은, 남성, 남자다운, 남성의, 여자가 남자같은, 남성 대명사 따위, 남성 명사 mash: 으깨어 뭉개다, 더운 물을 섞다,

315 곡분이나 밀기울 따위를 더운물에 갠 사료, 반하게 하다, 엿기름물, 짓이긴 것, 매시, 짓이겨서 질척하게 만든 것, 으깨다, 엿기름에 끓는 물을 타다, 밀기울 따위를 더운 물에 푼 마소의 사료 massy: 실팍한, 무거운, 크고 무거운, 용모 따위가 야무진, 덩어리 모양의, 야무진, 체격 따위가 야무진, 크고 단단한 mast: 돛대, 마스트, 도토리, 평수부로서, 기둥, 돛대를 세우다, 떡갈나무 따위의 열매, 너도밤나무 따위의 열매, 모양의 기둥, 밤나무 따위의 열매 masters: 석사 mastiff: 맹견의 일종, 마스티프 mat: 매트, 신바닥 문지르는 깔개, 멍석, 엉킨 물건, 깔개, 대지, 광택없는-- 대지, 양탄자, 멍석을 깔다, 광택없는, 엉키다 mathematical: 수학의, 수리적인, 아주 정확한, 수학상의, 매우 정확한 mathematics: 수학, 수학의 운용 matron: 간호 부장, 기혼 부인, 학교 여자 사감, 원장, 간호 원장, 기혼 여성 mature: 익은, 성숙한, 성숙시키다, 충분히 발달한, 익다, 완성시키다, 만기가 된, 만기가 되다, 신중한, 원숙하다, 완전히 발달한 maturely: 성숙하게 maturity: 성숙, 만기, 완성, 화농, 어음의 만기 maxim: 격언, 금언, 처세술, 속사기관총, 맥심총 meadow: 목초지, 강변의 낮은 풀밭 meagre: 빈약한, 결핍한, 불충분한, 무미건조한, 메마른, 야윈, 마른 meanness: 천함, 인색, 조악, 야비, 빈약, 비열, 보잘것 없음, 하찮은, 하찮음 meantime: 이럭저럭하는 동안에, 그 동안에, 이야기는 바뀌어, 한편 이야기는 바뀌어 measured: 신중한, 정확히 잰, 정연한, 고려한, 표준에입각한, 정확하게잰, 율동적인, 박자가맞는, 박자가 맞는, 알맞은, 운을 다는 mechanic: 직공, 기계공, 직공의, 기계적인, 기계역학의, 기계상의, 기계학의, 기계의 mechanical: 기계의, 물리적인, 기계에 의한, 기계학의, 기게학의, 기계적인, 기계역학의, 기계상의, 직공의 mechanically: 기계로, 기계적으로, 기계 장치로 mechanics: 역학, 기계학, 기계적인

316 부분, 기능적 구조 meddle: 주물럭거리다, 참견하다, 만지작거리다, 공연히 만지작거리다, 간섭하다 medicine: 의학, 내복약, 의술, 약, 부적, 마술, 주술, 북미 인디언 사이의 주술, 내과 치료, 내과 melancholy: 우울, 우울한, 습관적인 우울, 우울병, 체질적인 우울, 우울증 memoirs: 회상록, 논문집 memorial: 기념하는, 추도의 기억의, 기념의, 각서, 기억의, 기념물, 청원서 memorials: 기록 mend: 고치다, 개선하다, 정정하다, 걸음을 빠르게 하다, 수선하다, 수선, 행실 따위를 고치다, 사태가 호전되다, 개량하다, 꺼질듯한 불을 살리다, 개심하다 menial: 하인의, 천한, 하인, 천한 일을 하는 mercenary: 고용된, 돈을 목적으로 일하는, 돈만 바라는, 외국 군대에 고용된, 용병 merchant: 상인, 소매상인, 무역상인, 도매상인, 광, 상업의, 표준규격의, 표준규격형의 merchantman: 상선, 상인 merciful: 자비로운 mercurial: 수은의, 쾌활한, 마음이 변하기 쉬운, 기민한, 수성의, 수은제, 민활한, 메르쿠리우스신의, 수은제제 mercy: 자비, 행운, 고마움, 연민 merit: 장점, 공적, 공로, 뛰어남, 취할점, 가치, 공죄, 학교에서 벌점에 대한 상점, 취할만한 점, 시비, 상점 merits: 공적, 당연한 벌, 당연한 상 merrily: 즐겁게, 명랑하게, 흥겹게 merry: 즐거운, 명랑한, 유쾌한, 거나한, 흥겨운, 거나하게 취한 기분의 messenger: 심부름꾼, 선구, 연줄에 달아 바람에 울게 하는 종이, 전조, 사자 metals: 궤조 metropolis: 수도, 중심지, 주요도시, 대본산 소재지, 종속 중심지 microscope: 현미경의, 극히 미세한, 현미경, 현미경 별자리 mid: 중앙의, 중간의, 중부의, 중순 midnight: 한밤중, 자정, 한밤중의, 캄캄한 midst: 한가운데, 중앙 mighty: 거대한, 강대한, 굉장한, 힘센, 위대한, 몹시, 센, 물체가 센, 사람이 센 mild: 가벼운, 온화한, 순한, 유순한, 달콤한, 자극성이 없는, 음식물 따위가 자극성이 없는, 온후한,

Gulliver’s Travels 따뜻한, 담배 따위가 자극성이 없는, 기후 따위가 따뜻한 mildly: 온화하게, 상냥하게, 부드럽게, 다소, 약간 militia: 국민군, 의용군, 시민군 mineral: 광물, 무기물, 광물의, 광물성의 minerals: 탄산수 mingled: 섞는, 뒤섞이는 miniature: 축도, 축소화, 미세화법, 모형, 세밀화, 채식 그림, 미세화로 그리다, 미세화의, 사본의 채식, 을 미세화로 그리다, 채식 문자 minion: 부하, 총애 받는 사람, 앞잡이, 미니언, 총애받는 사람 mirth: 환락, 명랑, 유쾌 mischief: 장난, 해, 손해, 위해, 고자, 익살, 재난의 씨, 장난꾸러기, 도대체 mischievous: 유해한, 장난치는, 재해가 되는, 장난을 좋아하는 miser: 수전노, 구두쇠, 인색한 놈 miserable: 비참한, 불쌍한, 초라한, 딱한, 빈약한, 천박한 miserably: 비참하게, 불쌍하게, 형편없이, 비참할 만큼, 초라하게, 지독히 misery: 불행, 비참, 빈곤, 고통, 정신적 고통, 육체적 고통 misfortune: 불행, 불운, 재난 misled: 그릇 인도하다, 현혹시키다 missive: 편지, 공식서한 mistaken: 잘못된, 판단이 잘못된 mistress: 정부, 애인, 여교사, 주부, 부인, 여지배자, 여주인, 연인, 여왕, 한 집안의 안 주인, 주인 mix: 섞다, 사귀게하다, 혼합하다, 혼란, 난투, 혼동하다, 혼합, 혼합물, 혼합해서 만들다, 인스턴트 식품, 섞이다 mizen: 뒷돛대의 세로돛 뒷돛대의, 뒷돛대에 치는, 미즌, 뒷돛대의 mock: 모조의, 조소하다, 우롱, 흉내내어 우롱하다, 조소의 대상, 조롱하다, 무시하다-조소의 대상, 무시하다, 모방, 흉내내어 우룡하다, 모조품 moderation: 적당, 완화, 중용 modest: 겸손한, 수수한, 수줍은, 조신하는, 그다지 크지 않은, 그다지 많지 않은, 적당한 modesty: 겸양, 수줍음, 정숙, 조심스러움, 겸손 mole: 두더지, 사마귀, 몰, 검은 점, 방파제, 터널굴착기, 그램분자, 스파이 moll: 매춘부, 건맨 등의 정부, 도둑 등의 정부, 여자 이름, 정부, 폭력 단원 등의 정부 momentous: 중대한, 중요한, 지극히

중대한, 지극히 중요한 monarch: 군주, 제주왕나비 monkey: 원숭이, 장난꾸러기, 놀려대다, 흉내를 내는 아이, 놀려대다-흉내내다, 마약 중독, 흉내내다, 젊은 것-낭난치다, 낭난치다, 항타기의 낙하 해머, 장난치다 monsoon: 계절풍, 우기, 인도의 우기, 계절 monster: 괴물, 거수, 도깨비, 거대한, 악독한 사람, 악독한 사람-거대한, 괴상한 모양을 한 것, 극악 무도한 사람, 슈퍼스타 가수, 신경 중추에 작용하는 마약 monstrous: 거대한, 기괴한, 괴물같은, 극악 무도한, 어처구니 없는, 괴이한, 대단히 monthly: 월경, 매달의, 월간 잡지, 월 1 회의, 월 일 회탑, 한 달에 한 번의, 월간 간행물 monument: 기념비, 기념물, 기념관, 기념문, 기념상, 문서, 불후의 업적, 경계표, 기념탑, 불후의 저작, 런던 대화재의 기념탑 moon: 달, 멍하니 시간을 보내다, 위성-멍하니 바라보다, 위성, 멍하니 바라보다, 행성의 위성, 초승달 모양의 것, 월광, 빈둥거리다, 멍하니 보내다, 일개월 moonshine: 달빛, 밀주, 밀수입주, 부질없는 생각, 밀수입한 술, 밀조 위스키, 어리석은 생각 morality: 도덕, 교훈, 덕행, 도덕률, 도의, 윤리학, 개인의 덕행, 이야기 따위의 교훈, 도덕극, 도덕우의극 morals: 도덕, 예의범절 morose: 시무룩한, 까다로운, 부질없는, 꾀까다로운 morsel: 소량, 한조각, 한입, 한 입, 음식물의 한 입 mortal: 치명적인, 인간의, 인간, 불치의, 길고 긴, 생각할 수 있는, 지루한, 죽어야 할, 죽어야 할 것, 사람, 가능한-죽어야 할 것 mortification: 굴욕, 고행, 금욕, 탈저, 억울함, 회저, 분함, 억울한 일 mortifying: 원통한, 고행의, 분한, 금욕의, 약오르는 motive: 운동을 일으키는, 동기, 동기가 되는, 동기가 되는-동기, 동인, 예술 작품의 주제, 동기의, 문학의 주제, 기동의, 일반적으로 주지, 주제 mould: 지면, 옥토, 곰팡이, 거푸집, 틀에 넣어 만든 것, 형, 본뜨다, 부식토, 성격을 형성하다, 성질, 양토 mount: 언덕, 산, 대지, 오르다, 궁, 타다, 박다, 보석의 대좌, 붙이다,

Jonathan Swift 앉히다, 포가 mountainous: 산이 많은, 산더미 같은, 산지의, 산과 같은 mounted: 기동력이 있는, 기마의, 말탄, 박힌, 붙박이한, 대를 붙인, 말에 탄, 자전거에 탄, 탈것에 탄, 계획되어 있는 mounting: 포가, 설치, 마구, 박제, 장비, 총가, 대포 따위의 설치 mouse: 새앙쥐, 찰가난의, 마우스, 생쥐, 고양이가 쥐를 잡다, 겁쟁이, 습격하다, 쥐, 쥐를 잡다, 고양이가 쥐를잡다, 찾아 돌아다니다 mouthful: 소량, 입 가득, 한 입, 한 입 가득 movable: 움직일 수 있는, 가구, 동산, 이동할 수 있는-가재, 이동할 수 있는, 가재, 움직일 수 있는 것 moveable: 동산, 가재, 움직일 수 있는 움직일 수 있는 것, 움직일 수 있는 movingly: 감동적으로 mud: 진흙, 보수적이다, 발전이 없다, 진창 mule: 노새, 잡종, 고집쟁이, 슬리퍼, 얼간이, 외고집쟁이, 뒤축 없는 슬리퍼, 동식물의 잡종, 뮬 정방기 multiply: 곱하다, 번식하다, 늘리다, 번식시키다, 증가시키다 mummy: 미라, 엄마, 갈색 안료의 일종, 암갈색, 바싹 마른 시체, 암갈색의 그림 물감 musket: 머스켓 총, 구식 보병총 mutiny: 반란을 일으키다, 반란, 반항하다, 폭동, 반항, 폭동-반항, 폭동을 일으키다 mutton: 양고기, 양고기의 mutual: 상호의, 공통의, 공동의 mutually: 공동으로, 서로, 상호로 muzzle: 입마개, 총구, 말못하게 하다, 코, 입부분, 부리망, 언론을 탄압하다, 재갈, 재갈-개 따위에 부리망을 씌우다, 개 따위에 부리망을 씌우다, 포구 mysterious: 불가사의한, 이상한, 신비한, 신비적인 mystery: 신비, 비결, 중세 종교극, 성체, 불가사의, 비밀, 추리 소설, 성사극, 비법, 성사, 신비적인 사건 nag: 성가시게 잔소리하다, 성가신 잔소리, 늙은말, 잔소리하여 괴롭히다, 끈질기게 괴롭히다, 낡은 자동차, 경주마, 늚어 빠진 말, 바가지 긁다, 조랑말, 욕설하며 들볶다 nail: 손톱, 발톱, 못, 붙잡다, 끌다, 터치아웃시키다, 체포하다, 후려갈기다, 네일궐련, 네일, 잡다 naked: 적나라한, 벌거벗은, 잎이

없는, 무방비의, 있는 그대로의, 꾸밈없는, 안경등에 의존하지 않은, 벌거숭이의, 드러난, 나체의, 가리개 없는 nakedness: 결핍, 벌거숭이 노출이 있는 그대로임, 벌거숭이 named: 유명한, 지명된, 지정의 nameless: 무명의, 명명되지 않은, 익명의, 서출의, 이름 없는, 형언할수 없는, 이름없는, 언어도단의, 언어 도단의, 알 수 없는, 세상에 알려지지 않은 nap: 보풀, 선잠, 낮잠, 이길 말이 라고 지목하다, 필승마, 졸면서보내다, 잠깐 졸다, 선잠자다, 겉잠, 보풀을 세우다, 잠깐자다 narrowly: 좁게, 간신히, 가까스로, 편협하게, 엄밀히, 정밀하게, 도량이 좁게 narrowness: 세밀, 편협, 좁은, 궁핍, 협량, 협소, 면밀, 좁음, 궁굅 nastiness: 더러움, 불결함, 불쾌함, 추잡함 native: 원주민, 토착의, 자기나라의, 출생의, 타고난, 미개인, 그 지방 고유의, 토착의 동식물, 오스트레일리아 태생의 백인, 토인의, 양식한 영국산굴 nativity: 출생, 탄생, 그리스도, 크리스마스, 예수탄생, 성모마리아의 탄생세례자 요한 탄생축일, 사람의 탄생시의 천궁도크리스마스, 그리스도 탄생의 그림, 그리스도 성탄절, 그리스도 성탄, 탄생시의 천궁도 nauseous: 구역질나는, 싫은, 욕지기나게 하는, 지겨운, 진저리나는, 욕지기나는 navigation: 항해, 항행 선박, 항공, 항행, 항해학항법, 해양 탐험가, 항해학, 항해술, 항공학, 항공술 nay: 아니, 거절, 반대 투표, 거부, 그 뿐만아니라, 불가능하다, 그렇기는 커녕, 그렇기는 하나, 라기보다는, 반대, 뿐만아니라 neat: 적절한, 산뜻한, 축우, 단정한, 소종류, 솜씨좋은, 굉장한, 말쑥한, 잘하는, 깔끔한, 조촐한 neatly: 교묘하게, 깔끔하게, 맵시있게, 산뜻하게, 말쑥하게 necessities: 생필품 necessity: 필수품, 궁핍, 필요, 필요성, 필연, 필요물, 불가피, 긴급한 필요, 궁상, 궁경, 불가결한 것 necklace: 목걸이, 교수용 밧줄, 네크리스, 목을 달아매는 끈 necromancy: 마술, 점, 마법, 죽ㅇ은 자와의 교령으로 미래를 점치는 점 needle: 바늘, 자극하다, 받치다,

317 뾰족한 바위, 바느질하다, 뜨개바늘, 괴롭히다, 나침, 지분거리다, 저울대보, 자침 needless: 불필요한, 쓸데없는 neglect: 태만, 게을리하다, 소홀, 무시하다, 무시, 하지 않다, 태만하여, 소홀히하다, 부주의한, 경시하다, 간과하다 neglected: 게을리한 neighbour: 동포, 이웃의, 이웃하다, 같은 종류끼리서로 이웃하는 것, 서로 이웃하는 것, 이웃 사람 neighbourhood: 근처, 이웃, 인근, 지구, 이웃의 정의, 인근 사람들, 접근하기, 근처의 neighbouring: 이웃의, 인접해있는, 가까운, 근처의 nephew: 조카, 생질의 사생아 nerves: 신경 과민, 신경 이상, 근원 newark: 뉴어크 new-fangled: 신기한 것을 좋아하는, 신식의, 최신 유행의 niagara: 쇄도, 나이아가라강홍수, 나이아가라, 폭포, 나이아가라 강, 나이아가라 폭포 nicely: 훌륭하게, 정밀하게, 기분좋게, 까다롭게, 제대로, 꼼꼼하게, 세심하게, 잘, 꼭 nicety: 미묘, 정밀, 섬세, 우아한 것, 정확, 상세, 기미, 꼭 알맞게, 결벽, 맛있는것, 고상한 것 nicholas: 어린이, 여행자, 러시아의 수호 성인, 학자, 선원, 선원등의 수호신, 남자이름 nile: 나일강, 나일 강 nimble: 재빠른, 영리한, 현명한, 잘된, 민첩한, 빈틈없는, 잘 생각해 낸, 재주있는, 융통성있는, 재치있는, 재치가 풍부한 nimbly: 재빠르게, 민활하게 nipple: 젖꼭지, 고무 젖꼭지, 그리스 주입구, 젖꼭지 모양으로 생긴것, 파이프 이음쇠, 젖꼭지 모양의 것 nitre: 질산칼륨 nobility: 고귀한 태생, 귀족, 고결함, 남작, 백작, 숭고, 숭고함, 자작, 후작, 고상함, 귀족상원의원과 그집안 noble: 고귀한, 훌륭한, 귀족, 고결한, 귀중한, 당당한, 숭고한, 유명한, 뛰어난, 독선가, 노블금화파업 파괴지도자 nobleman: 귀족, 귀족 출신의 사람 nod: 끄덕이다, 졸다, 방심하다, 나부끼다, 깜빡 실수하다, 흔들림, 으로 쏠림, 기울다, 졸기, 잠들다, 인사하다 noisome: 해로운, 싫은, 불쾌한, 악취가나는 noisy: 시끄러운, 떠들썩한, 요란한,

318 화려한, 난한 noon: 정오, 정오의, 전성기, 점심을 먹다, 한밤중, 한낮, 야반, 결정, 낮 휴식을 취하다절정에 달하다, 정오에 하는, 최고점 northerly: 북으로 부터의, 북쪽으로북풍, 북쪽에 위치한, 북쪽으로, 북쪽으로 향한, 북풍, 북으로 northward: 북방, 북을 향하여, 북쪽으로, 북쪽으로의, 북, 북을향한, 북으로 향한, 북쪽으로 향해서, 북쪽으로 향한, 북으로 향해서 north-west: 북서의, 북서로, 북서에 있는, 캐나다 북서부, 캐나다 북서지방, 북서풍, 북서로에 있는, 북서, 북서에서, 북서로에 면한, 북서로의 nostril: 콧구멍 notorious: 유명한, 이름난악명높은, 악명높은, 사람 따위 유명한, 행동 따위 유명한, 주지의, 장소 따위 유명한 nottinghamshire: 영국중부의 주 notwithstanding: 에도 불구하고, 그런데도 불구하고, 할지라도, 불구하고, 한데, 그럼에도 불구하고, 함에도 불구하고, 이라 할지라도 nourishing: 자양분이 많은, 자양이 되는, 영양이 되는 nourishment: 자양물, 육성, 양식, 영양물, 영양상태양식, 음식, 음식물, 자양분 공급, 조성 noxious: 유해한, 불건전한, 유독한 nucleus: 핵, 세포핵, 원자핵, 토대, 혜성의 핵, 기점, 심, 원자단, 중심, 중축, 핵심 numberless: 무수한, 셀수 없이 많은, 셀 수 없이 많은, 번호없는, 번호 없는, 셀 수 만큼 많은 nursery: 육아실, 양성소, 묘상, 아이방, 종묘장장, 온상, 보육학교모아치기, 보육 학교, 모아 놓은 공, 보육실, 모아치기 nut: 견과, 너트, 머리, 어미나사, 멋쟁이, 대가리, 암나사, 괴짜, 어려운 문제, 성교하다, 석탄의 작은 덩이 nutriment: 영양물, 음식물, 자양물 oak: 떡갈나무, 오크나무, 오크의, 오크의 잎, 오크제의, 오크 재목의 제품 oar: 노, 노젓다, 노젓는 사람, 젓다, 노와 같은 구실을 하는 것, 노젓는 배, 노를 쓰다, 노를 젓다, 배를 노로 젓다 oat: 귀리, 보리피리, 들뜨다, 목가, 보리 피리, 오트밀, 귀리로 만든 oath: 맹세, 선서, 저주, 신의 이름을

Gulliver’s Travels 남용하기, 욕설 obedience: 복종, 귀의, 교회의 권위, 지배 obey: 복종하다, 시키는대로 움직이다, 명령대로 복종하다, 에 복종하다 objection: 반대, 이의, 반대 이유, 싫은, 혐오, 난점 obligation: 의무, 책임, 은혜, 채무 oblige: 할 의무를 지우다, 에게 은혜를 베풀다, 호의를 나타내다, 하지 않을 수 없게 하다 obliging: 친절한, 기꺼이 남을 돌봐 주는 oblique: 비스듬한, 간접의, 부정한, 부정, 비스듬히 되다, 사선, 사선면의, 잎 따위 부등변의, 사격의, 사각의, 빗각의 obliquity: 경사, 부정, 부정 행위, 에두른 말, 생각, 애매한 표현, 사각, 에두를 말, 경사도, 경각, 바르지 못한 행위 oblivion: 망각, 잊기쉬움, 잊기 obnoxious: 불쾌한, 밉살스러운, 마음에 걸리는, 미움을 사는 obscure: 덮어 감추다, 불명료한, 어둡게 하다, 어두운, 세상에 알려지지 않은, 모호한, 눈에 띄지 않는, 거무칙칙한, 뚜렷하지 않은, 명성 따위의빛을 잃게 하다, 발음 따위를 불명료하게 하다 obsequious: 추종적인, 아첨하는, 에게 아첨하는 observe: 관찰하다, 소견을 말하다, 지키다, 주시하다, 거행하다, 진술하다, 규칙 따위를 준수하다, 인지하다, 준수하다, 관찰에 의하여 인지하다 observing: 관찰력이 예리한, 관측적인, 주의깆은 obsolete: 쓸모없이 된, 안쓰는, 구식의, 시대에 뒤떨어진, 퇴화한, 스러진 obstinacy: 난치, 완고, 고집, 완고한 언행, 병의 난치 obstinate: 완고한, 완강한, 난치의, 고집센, 병이 난치의 obtrude: 떠맡기다, 주제넘게 나서다, 억지로 시키다 occiput: 후두부, 후두 occult: 엄폐, 신비적인, 불가사의의, 숨다, 신비한, 을 숨기다, 엄폐하다, 숨기다, 원뜻은 숨은, 숨은 ocean: 대양, 끝없이 넓음, 막대한 양, 많음, 양 oddly: 기묘하게, 기이하게, 홀수로, 기수로, 나머지가 되어, 짝 안 맞게, 기묘하게도, 흘수로 odious: 싫은, 밉살스러운, 증오해야

할, 추악한 odiousness: 싫음, 미움, 불쾌, 증오함 odour: 냄새, 평판, 기미 offending: 불쾌한 offensive: 공격, 공격적인, 무례한, 불쾌한, 공세, 비위에 거슬리는, 싫은 offensively: 무례하게, 공세로, 비위에 거슬리게 officiously: 간섭적으로, 비공식적으로, 호의적으로 ointment: 연고 olive: 올리브색, 올리브, 올리브 나무, 올리브 열매, 올리브의, 올리브나무, 올리브나무의 가지, 올리브 빛깔, 어린아이, 얇게 썬 쇠고기를 야채에 싸서 찐 요리, 올리브 빛깔의 ominous: 불길한, 전조의, 험악한 omission: 생략, 탈락, 태만 omit: 게을리 하다, 생략하다, 하기를 잊다, 할 것을 빠뜨리다, 할 것을 빼먹다, 게을리하다, 할 것을 잊다 ooze: 스며나옴, 스며나오게 하다, 점점 없어지다, 스며나오다, 새다, 곤죽같은, 분비물, 감탕흙, 차츰 없어지다, 질금질금 흘러나오다, 진흙 opaque: 불투명한, 우둔한, 충충한, 광택없는, 광택이 없는, 불투명체, 전기 따위에 대한 부전도성의, 열 따위에 대한 부전도성의, 부전도성의 operated: 움직이는 operator: 연산자, 경영자, 운전자, 기사, 외과수술자, 조작원, 교환수, 수술자, 기계의 운전자, 중개인 opinionated: 독단적인, 자설을 고집하는, 자기 의견을 고집하는 opinionative: 소신상의, 의견의, 견해상의, 고집센, 자기주장을 고집하는 oppose: 반대하다, 저항하다, 대항시키다, 방해하다, 에 반대하다, 에 대항하다, 방해물로 두다, 반대다 opposed: 반대의, 적대하는, 대립된, 반대하는 oppression: 압박, 우울, 압제, 답답함, 고난 oppressive: 압제적인, 가혹한, 답답한, 압박하는 optics: 광학 oracle: 신탁, 현인, 사람, 철인, 오러클, 신명 orange: 오렌지, 오렌지의, 오렌지색, 오렌지빛, 오렌지 빛의, 귤, 주황색 oration: 연설, 화법, 특별한 경우의 정식 연설 orator: 연설자, 웅변가 oratory: 웅변, 기도실, 작은예배당, 기도원

Jonathan Swift orderly: 전령, 순종하는, 순서바른, 명령의, 연락병, 유순한, 순서 바른, 규율이 바른, 당번병 ordure: 똥, 오물, 외설한 일 orifice: 구멍, 아가리, 파이프 따위의 구멍, 굴뚝 따위의 구멍, 상처 따위의 구멍 ornament: 장식품, 장식, 광채를 더하는 사람, 꾸미다, 꾸밈음, 예배용품, 빛을 더해주는 것, 빛을 더해주는 사람, 장식하다, 교회의 예배용품 ornamental: 장식적인, 장식용의, 장식물 orthography: 바른철자, 정서법, 정자법 ours: 우리의 것, 우리의 가족, 우리의 연대 따위, 우리의 임무, 우리의 회사 outer: 바깥쪽의, 외면의, 밖의, 과녁 밖, 표적의 중심권 이외의 부분, 중심권 이외의 부분, 객관적인 outermost: 정상의, 맨 뒤의, 맨 꼭대기의, 가장 밖의, 가장 먼, 가장 바깥쪽의 outlines: 요점 outlive: 보다 오래 살다 outward: 밖으로 향하는, 바깥쪽의, 육체의, 외부의, 밖으로, 바깥쪽에, 외부, 밖에, 현세적인 outwardly: 외견상, 표면상, 외면상은, 밖으로 향하여, 외면에, 밖을 향하여, 외부에 대하여, 바깥쪽에, 외부적으로 oven: 화덕, 오븐, 숍, 솥, 가마 overbearing: 거만한, 고압적인, 뽐내는, 위압적인, 횡포한, 건방진 overblow: 흩날리다, 지나치게 세게 불다, 지나치게 부풀리다, 불어 쓰러뜨리다, 불어 날리다 overboard: 배 밖으로 overflowing: 넘쳐 흐르는 overmatch: 보다 낫다, 남보다 뛰어난 사람, 을 능가하다 overrun: 의 전반에 걸쳐 퍼지다, 초과하다, 잉여, 무성하다, 무성, 만연, 침략하다, 오버런, 에 만연하다, 범위를 넘다, 도를 넘다 overset: 뒤집히다, 전복, 타도하다, 뒤엎다, 타도, 뒤집어 엎다 overtake: 갑자기 덮쳐오다, 에 뒤따라 미치다, 만회하다, 뒤떨어진 일 따위를 만회하다, 상회하다, 을 뒤따라 잡다, 재난 따위가 엄습해오다, 차가 추월을 하다, 추월을 하다, 추월하다, 폭풍우 따위가 엄습해오다 overwhelming: 압도적인, 저항할 수 없는 owe: 빚이 있다, 빚지고 있다, 은혜를

입고 있다, 을 반제할 의무가 있다, 을 지불할 의무가 있다, 의무를 지고 있다, 지고 있다 owing: 빚지고 있는, 지불해야 할, 에 기인하는 owned: 이 소유하는 ox: 수소, 소 oxen: 소의 복수형 oxfordshire: 잉글랜드 남부의 주 paced: 보의, 걸음이 ...인 pacify: 달래다, 평화를 수립하다, 가라앉히다, 가라않히다 packthread: 포장끈, 노끈, 포장용 노끈 paddle: 방망이로 치다, 아장 아장 걷다, 철벙 거리다, 물장난하다, 노 비슷한 것, 노를한번 저음, 노, 한번 저음, 찰싹 때리다, 기선 따위의 외륜, 보트를 노로 젓다 pail: 양동이, 들통, 한 통의 양 painful: 아픈, 괴로운, 쓰라린, 고통스럽게, 애써서 pains: 고생 painted: 허식적인, 색채가 선명한, 인공의, 채색한, 연지바른, 그린, 겉치장한, 연지 칠한 palatable: 상쾌한, 맛좋은 palm: 손바닥, 승리, 우승하다, 종려나무의 가지, 종려, 장갑의 손바닥, 야자, 손바닥 모양의 부분, 속여서 안기다, 수척, 종려나무 pane: 창유리, 구역, 에 창유리를 끼우다, 창, 창유리의 한 장 panegyric: 칭찬의 연설, 찬사, 격찬, 칭송하는 글, 칭송하는 연설, 칭찬의 papa: 아빠, 문자 피를 나타내는 통신 용어 par: 동등, 표준 타수, 동수준, 법정 평가, 액면 가격, 평가, 환평가, 기준 타수, 평균의, 기준타수, 기준타수 골프의 타수 paragraph: 절, 단락, 마디, 단락부호, 신문의, 표제 없는 단평, 짧은 기사, 절로 나누다, 짧은 문장, 잡지의 짧은 기사, 에 대해서 짧은 기사를 쓰다 parallel: 평행의, 평행선, 평행부호, 대응하는, 유사물, 유사한, 위선, 동일방향의, 평행, 비교, 같은 것으로 들다 parcel: 꾸러미, 한 떼, 소포, 한 뭉치, 분배하다, 소포로 하다, 소화물, 한 구획, 나누다, 일부분, 한 획의 토지 parched: 목이 마른, 목마른, 구운, 바짝 마른, 볶은, 지면 따위 말라 있는, 말라 있는, 목이 칼칼하게 마른 pardon: 용서, 특사, 은사, 용서하다, 사면, 사면하다, 면죄부, 교황의 면죄, 눈감아 주다, 용서하다 용서, 교황의 사죄

319 paring: 벗긴 껍질, 껍질을 벗김, 깍은 부스러기, 껍질 벗기기, 벗긴 지스러기, 얼마 안되는 저금, 깎은 껍질, 얼마 안되는 저축, 깎은 지스러기 parity: 동격, 유사, 동등, 등가, 패리티 기우, 평가, 우기성, 둥가, 소립자 따위의 우기성 parted: 나뉜, 부분으로 나뉜, 흐트러진, 갈라진 partial: 특히 좋아하는, 부분적인, 불완전한, 일부의, 일부분의, 좋아하는, 편파적인 partiality: 편파, 편애, 불공평, 기호, 부분적인 것, 부분적인 일, 좋아하기 particulars: 상세 parting: 이별, 고별, 나누는, 출발, 분리, 별세, 고별의, 떠나가는, 머리 따위의 가리마, 저물어 가는, 이별의 partition: 분할, 구획, 부분, 칸 막다, 칸막이 벽, 분배하다, 분할하다, 칸막이하기 passion: 열정, 격정, 정욕, 정열, 수난, 감정의 폭발, 울화, 수동, 열렬한 사랑, 감탄하는 것, 열망하는 것 passionately: 열렬히, 격노하여, 격심하게 paste: 풀, 반죽, 반죽해 이긴것, 페이스트, 붙여넣기, 풀로 붙이다, 대지에 붙이다, 강타, 납 유리, 반죽한 것, 사진제판 따위를 하기 위해 대지에 붙이다 pasteboard: 판지, 카드, 명함, 입장권, 두꺼운 종이, 종이로 만든 pastern: 뒷발톱과 발굽과의 사이, 발회 목뼈, 말 따위의 발목, 발목 patent: 명백한, 특허, 열려 있는, 개방성의, 공유지 양도 증서, 개방되어 있는, 특허권, 전매 특허의, 의 전매 특허를 얻다, 색다른, 독특한 것 patience: 인내, 끈기, 혼자 노는 카드 놀이, 혼자 하는 카드 놀이, 혼자서 놀기, 트럼프 따위 혼자서 놀기 patron: 후원자, 수호 성인, 단골 손님, 여관 따위의 단골 손님, 상점 따위의 단골 손님, 빽 paw: 손, 서투르게 다루다, 발로 치다, 발, 앞발로 치다, 앞발로 차다, 앞발로 땅을 차다, 앞발로 긁다, 말이 앞발로 땅을 긁다, 말 따위가 앞발로 치다, 말 따위가 앞발로 차다 peaceably: 평화롭게 peccant: 죄를 범한, 죄 있는, 부정한, 그릇된, 타락한, 병적인, 규칙에 어긋난, 죄를 짓는 peck: 가벼운 키스, 조금씩 먹다, 펙, 쪼아 줍다, 흠을 잡다, 쪼다, 영국의 건량 단위, 쪼기, 음식, 에게 급히

320 키스하다, 깨죽깨죽먹다 peculiar: 독특한, 묘한, 특유한, 특성, 괴상함, 특별한, 사유 재산, 고유한, 특수 지역, 특수 교구, 다른 관구의 감독 지배하의 특수 지역 pecuniary: 금전의, 금전상의 peevish: 성마른, 부루퉁한, 짜증이 난, 투정부리는 pelt: 생가죽, 던지다, 급히 가다, 속력, 내던짐, 퍼붓다, 염소 따위의 생가죽, 에게 던지다, 양 따위의 생가죽, 세차게 쏟아지다, 서두르다 pen: 펜, 쓰다, 우리, 축사, 우리에 넣다, 구치소, 가두다, 백조의 암컷, 문체, 울타리속에 넣다, 편지 따위를 쓰다 pencil: 연필, 화필, 광속, 연필로 쓴, 연필로 그리다, 광속선, 연필 모양의 물건, 연필로 쓰다 peninsula: 반도, 아베리아 반도 penknife: 주머니칼, 주머니 칼 perceivably: 뚜렷이, 지각할 수 있게 perceive: 지각하다, 이해하다, 알아채다, 인식하다 perception: 지각, 력, 대상, 작용, 지각력, 지각작용 percolate: 여과, 거르다, 스며나오게 하다, 커피 끓이개, 침투, 삼투하다, 서서히 퍼지다, 스며 나오다, 스며들다, 침투하다, 여과하다 perfection: 완전, 극치, 완성, 완전한 사람, 우수한 점 performing: 공연을 요하는, 실행할 수 있는, 재주 부릴 수 있는, 재주 부릴줄 아는, 실행하는, 성취할 수 있는 perihelion: 근일점 peril: 위험, 위험에 빠뜨리다, 모험 periodical: 정기 간행물, 정기 간행의, 주율, 주기성, 일간 신문을 제외한 정기 간행물, 간헐적인, 단속적인, 시대의, 주기 운동을 하는, 도미문 perjury: 위증, 거짓 맹세, 약속을 어기기, 서약을 어기기 permit: 허락하다, 가능하게 하다, 가능하게하다, 면허, 하게 내버려 두다, 허가, 여유가 있다, 용납하다, 허가증 pernicious: 유해한, 치명적인, 파괴적인, 유독한 perpendicularly: 수직으로 perpetual: 종신의, 영구한, 끊임없는, 사철 피는, 영구하다, 다년생 식물, 부단한, 잔소리 따위 부단한, 영속하는, 다년생의, 싸움 따위 부단한 perpetually: 영구히, 영속적으로, 끊임없이, 그칠사이 없이, 일년 내내, 시종

Gulliver’s Travels perpetuity: 영속, 영대 재산, 종신 연금, 영존, 종신 위계, 영속물 perplex: 당황케 하다, 난처하게 하다, 혼란케 하다, 혼란시키다, 정신을 못 차리게 하다, 어쩔 줄 모르게 하다, 곤란케 하다, 골치 아프게 하다, 걷잡을 수 없게 하다, 복잡하게 하다 perplexed: 당황한, 난처한, 복잡한, 어찌할 바를 모르는, 골치 아픈 perplexity: 난처한 일, 당황, 혼란, 분규, 난국, 곤혹 persecution: 종교적 박해, 종교적인 박해 persian: 페르시아의, 페르시아 사람, 페르시아 인, 페르시아 제국의, 페르샤 사람 persuade: 납득시키다, 주장하다, 설복하다, 설득하다 pert: 건방진, 활발한, 계획 관리 방식, 기운찬, 버릇없는 perverse: 사악한, 빙퉁그러진, 사악, 곡해하는, 심술 궂은, 외고집, 성질이 비뚤어진, 태도가 정도를 벗어난, 뜻대로 되지 않는, 정도를 벗어난, 일이 뜻대로 되지 않는 pervert: 성욕 도착자, 악용하다, 곡해하다, 벗어나게 하다, 배교자, 변질자, 오해하다, 오용하다, 나쁜 길로 빠져 버린 사람, 나쁜 길로 빠진 사람, 나쁜 길로 이끌다 pestilence: 페스트, 평화를 파괴하는, 치명적인, 악성 유행병, 성가신 petition: 기원, 탄원, 애원, 탄원서, 진정, 청원, 청원하다, 원하다, 에게 청원하다, 에게 진정하다 petticoat: 여성의, 여자, 페티코트, 스커트, 어린이의 속치마, 스커트 형의 덮개, 아동복, 여성복, 스커트 형의 것 petulancy: 성마름, 토라짐, 불쾌, 심술사나움, 앵돌아짐 phaeton: 무개 자동차의 일종, 쌍두 경 4 륜 마차, 쌍두 사륜 마차, 옛날의 쌍두 사륜 마차 phenomenon: 현상, 진기한 사물, 경이 philosopher: 철인, 철학자 philosophical: 철학의, 이성적인, 현명한, 철학자의 phoenix: 불사조, 봉황새, 피닉스, 대천재, 봉황, 봉황새 별자리 phraseology: 어법, 말 phrases: 실없는 말 physic: 의술, 약을 머기다, 치료하다, 하제, 약, 에게 약을 먹이다 physician: 의사, 내과 의사 picking: 채집물, 좀도둑, 이삭, 남은 것, 훔친 물품, 장물, 따고 남은 것, 선발, 곡괭 따위로 파기, 파기

pickpocket: 소매치기 piecemeal: 조금씩, 조각난, 산산이 조각난, 산산이, 산산조각의, 제각기 pierce: 통찰하다, 감동시키다, 관통하다, 꿰뚫다, 에스며들다들어가다, 에 구멍을 뚫다, 돌입하다, 꿰찌르다, 고함 소시 다위가 날카롭게 울리다, 고함 소리 따위가 날카롭게 울리다, 에 구멍을 둠다 piercing: 꿰찌르는, 날카로운, 뼈에 사무치는, 통찰력 있는, 꿰뚫는 piety: 경건, 효성, 순종, 공순, 효행, 공손 pike: 창, 통행세를 받는 곳, 미늘창, 창꼬치, 유료 도로, 유료 도료, 강꼬치고기, 창으로 찌르다, 유료 도로의 요금 징수소, 봉우리가 뾰족한 산, 요금 징수소 pile: 전퇴, 솜털, 양털, 말뚝 박기, 큰 말뚝, 대건축물, 보풀, 재산, 축적하다, 전지, 원자로-쌓아 올리다 pillage: 약탈, 약탈하다 pillar: 기둥, 주석, 기둥 모양의 것, 기둥 모양의 우체통, 기둥으로 받치다, 붉은 기둥 모양의 우체통 pillion: 뒤안장, 여성용 안장 pimping: 하찮은, 허약한, 비열한, 인색한 pin: 다리, 핀, 못, 병모양의 표주, 밧줄을 비끄러매는 말뚝, 볼링핀, 장식 핀, 줄조르개, 못바늘, 노받이, 하찮은 것-핀을 꽂다 pinch: 꼬집다, 인색하게 굴다, 죄다, 집다, 훔치다, 바싹조리차다, 어려움, 수척하게 하다, 움츠러들게 하다, 잘라내다, 체포하다-죄어들다꼭기다 pinched: 여윈, 옹색한, 바싹 죈 pine: 소나무, 수척해지다, 갈망하다, 그재목, 몹시 그리다, 애타게 그리다 pinioned: 의 날개 끝을 자르는 pinnacle: 높은 곳에 두다, 높은 산봉우리, 작은 뾰족탑, 작은 뽀족탑, 작은 첨탑, 첨탑에 설치하다 pins: 다리 pint: 파인트, 일파인트 들이 용기 pious: 경건한, 신앙심이 깊은, 종교적인, 효성스러운, 실현 가능성이 없는, 종교심으로의, 탄복할 만한 pipes: 기관 pippin: 사과의 일종, 피핀종의 사과 pirate: 약탈하다, 해적, 침해자, 저작권을 침해하다, 훔치는 사람, 약탈자, 저작권, 해적짓을 하다, 해적질하다, 약탈자-해적짓을 하다, 표절자 pit: 씨, 함정, 지옥, 구덩이, 곰보를 만들다, 아래층 뒤쪽 좌석, 채굴장, 움푹한 곳, 얽은 자국, 싸움 붙이기,

Jonathan Swift 구덩이를 만들다 pittance: 약간의 수입, 얼마 안되는 수당, 얼마 안되는 수입 pity: 동정, 연민, 애석한 일, 가엾게 여기다, 유감의 원인-가엾게 여기다, 가엾게 생각하다, 불쌍히 생각하다, 불쌍함 placing: 자본 매출 plague: 역병, 천재, 괴롭히다, 재해, 귀찮은 일, 성가신 사람, 천벌, 말썰역병에 걸리게 하다, 역병에 걸리게 하다, 페승, 재화 따위를 당하게 하다 plain: 명백한, 평이한, 쉬운, 보통의, 솔직한, 소박한, 평탄한, 단순한, 예쁘지 않은, 무늬없는, 평지 plainly: 솔직하게, 명백히, 검소하게, 간소하게, 뚜렷하게 plains: 평지, 야지 planet: 혹성, 운성, 유성, 행성, 선각자 plank: 두꺼운 판자, 즉시 지불하다, 밑에 놓다, 판자위에서 구운 채 내놓다, 정강의 조항-판자를 깔다, 의지가 되는 것, 정당의 강령 항목, 즉석에서 지불하다, 당장지불하다, 에 널빤지를 깔다, 강령 항목 planting: 심기, 파종, 식수 조림, 기초 밑층, 재배 plastered: 취한, 술에 취해서 plato: 플라톤, 그리스의 철학자, 플레이토 plausibility: 그럴싸하게 말함, 그럴싸함, 보기 좋음, 그럴듯함, 말주변이 좋음 plausible: 그럴 듯한, 말솜씨가 좋은, 그럴듯한 plaything: 장난감 plead: 답변하다, 탄원하다, 변호하다, 주장하다, 변명으로 말하다, 변명으로 말하다-변호하다, 변론하다, 간청하다, 변명하다 pleading: 변명, 변론, 변호, 탄원, 탄원하는 pleasantly: 유쾌하게, 상냥하게, 즐겁게, 쾌활하게 pleasing: 유쾌한, 만족한, 붙임성 있는 plot: 음모, 도면을 작성하다, 토지를 구획하다, 줄거리-계획하다, 음모를 꾸미다, 계획, 도면에 기입하다음모를 꾀하다, 음모를 꾀하다, 도면에 기입하다, 작은 터, 획책하다 plumb-line: 추선 plume: 깃털, 깃털로 장장식하다, 물기둥-새가 부리로 깃털을 고르다, 연기나 구름 따위의 기둥, 영예 표시, 깃 모양의 털, 새가 깃털을 다듬다, 깃털로 꾸미다, 깃털로 장식하다, 다듬다, 명예 표시

plunder: 약탈, 약탈하다, 착복하다, 약탈품, 노략질하다, 사람들로부터 물건을 약탈하다, 장소로부터 물건을 약탈하다 poet: 시인, 시인 기질의 사람, 가인 pointing: 뾰족하게 함, 지시, 메지 바르기, 정확한 조준, 구두법 poison: 독, 해독, 헤치다, 독살하다, 해로운, 폐해-독을 넣다, 폐해, 독약, 못쓰게 하다-해로운, 못쓰게 하다, 독을 넣다 poisoning: 중독 poisonous: 유독한, 악의 있는, 유해한 polar: 정반대의 성질의, 이온화한, 극의, 극지의, 전극의, 행동 따위 정반대의, 극선의, 극선, 경향 따위 정반대의, 북극의, 자석 따위 극을 가진 polite: 공손한, 세련된, 품위 있는, 예절 바른, 문장 따위 세련된, 고상한 politeness: 공손 politician: 정치가, 행정관, 정객 pomp: 허식, 장관, 화려, 화려함 pond: 연못, 못, 물줄기를 막다, 물이 괴어 못이 되다, 물이 괴어 늪이 되다, 못이 되다, 늪이 되다, 막다 ponderous: 육중한, 다루기 힘든, 답답한, 대단히 무거운, 묵직한, 매우 무거운 populous: 인구 조밀한, 인구가 조밀한 pork: 돼지고기, 보조금, 의원이 정치적 배려로 주게 하는 정부 관직 따위, 의원이 정치적 배려로 주게 하는 정부 보조금, 돼지 고기 portion: 운명, 분배하다, 부분, 몫, 상속재산, 일인분, 배당으로 주다, 배당, 남에게 분여 재산을 주다, 분할하다, 인분 portsmouth: 영국 남부의 해항 portuguese: 포르투갈 사람, 포르투갈의, 포르투갈 사람포르투갈의, 포르투갈 인, 포르투갈 인의, 포르투갈 어, 포르투갈 말, 포르투갈 어의 possess: 소유하다, 유지하다, 손에 넣다, 잡다, 지배하다, 획득하다, 들리다, 붙잡다, 자제하다, 에 붙다 possessed: 침착한, 홀린, 미친, 흘려버린 possessions: 재산 posterior: 후부의, 위치가 뒤의, 순서 시간의 뒤의, 다음의-엉덩이, 엉덩이, 다음의, 둔부, 후부 posterity: 자손, 후세 postillion: 여성 모자의 일종, 기수장 posture: 상태, 자세, 인 체하다, 자세를 취하다, 형세, 태도, 젠체하다,

321 신체의 자세, 어떤 자세를 취하다, 어떤 태도를 취하다, 어떤 특정한 자세 pot: 단지, 항아리, 화분, 병, 한번에 건돈, 속깊은 남비, 술, 물고기나 새우를 잡는 바구니, 높은 양반, 쏘다, 하나 가득한 분량 potent: 유력한, 힘센, 효력이 있는, 성적 능력이 있는, 도덕적으로 영향력이 강한, 효험이 있는, 효능이 있는 potion: 한잔, 일회 분량, 한 번에 먹을 양, 물약 또는 독약의 한 번에 먹을 양 pouch: 작은 주머니, 자루처럼 만들다, 주머니에 넣다, 주머니, 자루 모양으로 되다, 오므라지게 하다자루 모양으로 되다, 오므라지게 하다, 주머니 모양이 되다, 주머니주머니에 넣다, 처진 살, 눈 밑의 처진 살 powder: 가루, 가루분, 가루약, 가루를 뿌리다, 가루분을 바르다, 가루가 되다, 화약-가루로하다, 화약, 에 조미료를 치다, 분, 분설 pox: 매독, 수두, 수두에 감염되다, 창병, 창병에 감염되다, 천연두, 천연두에 감염되다, 특히 매독에 감염되다 practise: 사건 의뢰인, 환자, 의식, 실행, 버릇, 습관, 습관적으로 행하다, 연습, 예배식, 의사를 개업하다, 변호사 등을 개업하다 practised: 연습을 쌓은, 경험이 있는 praise: 칭찬, 찬미, 칭찬하다, 숭배하다, 칭찬할 만한 사람, 칭찬할 만한 물건, 신을 숭배하다, 찬미하다, 찬양하다, 찬양, 신을 찬미하다 pray: 빌다, 제발, 기원하다, 간원하다, 기원하여 이루어지게 하다, 기도하다, 기도하다-바라다, 바라다, 에게 기원하다, 에게 간청하다 preceding: 선행하는, 앞의, 전술한 precept: 명령서, 교훈, 격언, 기술 따위의 지침, 기술 따위의 작업지침, 지침 precincts: 경계 precious: 귀중한, 귀여운, 순전한, 지독한, 소중한, 비싼, 점잔빼는, 꾀까다로운, 대단한, 몹시, 소중한 사람 precipice: 절벽, 벼랑 precipitancy: 화급, 경솔, 황급, 경솔한 행위, 허둥대는 행위, 경거망동, 몹시 서두름, 다급 predecessor: 전임자, 선조, 앞선 것, 앞서의것 preface: 서문, 허두, 시작하다, 머리말, 서문을 쓰다, 에 서문을

322 붙이다, 에 머리말을 붙이다 preferable: 바람직한, 오히려 나은, 택할 만한, 선택할 만한 preferment: 우선의, 선취권이 있는, 발탁된, 승진한, 승진 pregnant: 임신한, 함축성 있는, 뜻깊은, 가득 찬, 풍부한, 다산의, 의미 심장한, 현명한, 연구심이 풍부한, 창의성이 풍부한, 충만한 prejudice: 편견, 해치다, 손해, 비뚤어진 생각, 불리-편견을 갖게 하다, 손상시키다해치다, 침해, 이익 따위를 해치다, 에 편견을 가지게 하다, 권리 따위를 해치다 prejudicial: 편견을 품게 하는, 손해를 주는, 불리한, 편견을 갖게 하는 prelate: 고위 성직자 prescribed: 규정된, 미리 정해진 prescription: 규정, 시효, 처방, 명령, 처방전, 규정하기, 약 따위 처방전이 없으면 사지 않는, 처방전이 없으면 사지 않는 presently: 현재, 이내, 목하, 곧, 이윽고, 얼마 안되어, 곧바로 preservation: 보존, 방부, 보호, 저장 preserve: 보존하다, 금렵지, 보호하다, 저장하다, 양어장, 방부 조치를 하다, 유지하다, 사냥을 금하다-설탕 절임, 설탕 절임, 사냥을 금하다, 금렵지로 하다 preserved: 보호한 preserving: 보호하기 preside: 사회하다, 의장이 되다, 통솔하다, 주인 노릇을 하다, 통할하다, 우두머리가 되다 presiding: 수석의, 주재하는, 사회하는 pressed: 바쁜, 모자라서, 눌린, 다린 presume: 추정하다, 기화로 삼다, 이라고 생각하다, 대담히도..하다, 주제넘게 나서다, 대담히도, 하다, 가정하다 presumptuous: 뻔뻔스러운, 주제넘은, 건방진 pretence: 구실, 주장, 거짓 꾸밈, 허세, 요구, 겉치례, 허위, 겉치레 pretend: 속이다, 자부하다, 인 체하다, 거짓의, 감히..하려고 하다, 가장하다, 체하다, 공상상의, 요구하다, 구실로 삼다 pretended: 거짓의 pretending: 거짓의, 사칭하는, 겉치레하는, 왕위를 노리는 prevail: 이기다, 우세하다, 설복하다, 유행되다, 잘 되다, 설득하다 prevailing: 우세한, 유력한, 유행의, 일반의, 널리 행해지는, 널리 행해진 prey: 괴롭히다, 먹이, 밥, 희생,

Gulliver’s Travels 해하다, 포식, 약탈품, 잡아먹다, 약탈품- 먹이로 하다, 약탈하다, 먹이로 하다 priest: 성직자, 목사, 사제, 성직자로 만들다, 목사에 임명하다, 봉사자, 성직자로 임명하다, 목사로 임명하다, 목사로 만들다 priesthood: 성직, 성직자, 사제직 primitive: 원시의, 원시적인, 태고의, 초기의, 원시인, 그 작품, 초생의, 근본의, 소박한-문예 부흥기 이전의 화가, 원어, 원선 principally: 주로, 대개, 대체로 printer: 인쇄업자, 인쇄인, 인쇄공, 인서기, 프린터, 인쇄기, 인쇄 장치, 밀착 인화기, 활판소, 인화지나 필름 인화기, 인화기 printing: 인쇄, 인쇄물, 날염, 활자체의 문자, 인화, 인쇄 부수, 인쇄업, 원색 제판법, 인쇄부수, 인쇄술, 무늬찍기 prisoner: 죄수, 포로, 붙잡힌 사람모르고 잡아두다, 자유를 빼앗긴 사람, 죄인, 자유를 빼앗긴 것, 붙잡힌 것, 붙잡힌 사람 privately: 은밀히, 개인으로서, 남몰래, 몰래 privilege: 특권, 권리, 은전, 특전으로서 면제하다, 특전, 특권을 주다, 특별 취급, 기본적 인권에 의한 권리, 에게 특전을 부여하다, 에게 특권을 부여하다, 관직에 따르는 특권 privy: 옥외 변소, 비밀의, 내밀히 관여하고 있는, 당사자, 몰래 관여하는, 일개인의, 은밀히 관여하여 알고 있는, 에 은밀히 관여하여 알고 있는, 에 은밀히 관여하는, 에 몰래 관여하여 알고 있는, 에 몰래 관여하는 probability: 개연성, 확률, 있음직한, 가망, 있을 법한 일, 있을 법한 사건, 일어날 법한 일, 일어날 법한 사건 probable: 있음직한, 사실 같은, 확실한 듯한, 할 듯 싶은, 유망한 후보자, 무슨일을 할 것 같은 사람, 보결선수, 일어날 듯한 사건, 무슨 일을 할 것 같은 사람 problematical: 문제의, 미정의, 의문의 proceed: 나아가다, 계속하다, 발생하다, 생기다, 착수하다, 시작하다, 매상고, 처분하다, 속행하다, 수입, 소송 절차를 밟다 proceeding: 의사록, 행동, 조치, 소송절차, 회보, 조처, 처리, 소송 절차, 행위, 의사, 진행 proceeds: 수입, 수익, 매상고, 과실, 결과

proclamation: 선언, 성명서, 선언서 procure: 알선하다, 얻다, 가져오다, 획득하다, 뚜쟁이질하다, 일으키다, 특히 노력하거나 애를 써서 획득하다, 매춘부를 주선하다 procurement: 획득, 조달, 알선, 매상, 정부의 매상 prodigious: 거대한, 놀랄 만한, 놀라운, 막대한 prodigy: 천재, 경탄, 비범, 장관, 불가사의한 것, 비범의 profane: 세속적인, 이교적인, 불경한, 모독의, 남용하다, 사교의-더럽히다, 사교의, 더럽히다, 신성을 더럽히는, 오용하다, 의 신성을 더럽히다 professed: 공언한, 자칭의, 가장한, 겉꾸밈의, 공공연한, 서약하고 종교단에 든, 서약하고 수도회에 들어간, 겉보기만의 proficiency: 숙달, 진보 profitable: 이문이 있는, 유익한, 유리한 profound: 깊은, 마음으로부터의, 심원한, 정중한, 마음에서 우러나는, 충심의, 의미 심장한, 심해, 깊은 속마음, 심연, 충분한 profusion: 풍부, 대량, 낭비, 활수 progressive: 누진적인, 전진하는, 진보당원, 진보주의의, 진보론자, 진행형의-진보론자, 점진성의, 진보주의자, 진보하는 projecting: 돌출한 projector: 투사기, 계획자, 엉터리 회사의 창립자, 영사기, 투영기, 투광기 prominence: 현저, 돌출물, 돌출, 홍염, 돌기 prominent: 현저한, 눈에 띄는, 돌출한, 중요한, 저명한, 두드러진, 돌기한 pronounce: 발음하다, 의견을 말하다, 판단을 내리다, 선고하다, 말하다, 단언하다-발음하다, 선언하다 pronounced: 뚜렷한, 명백한, 단호한 pronouncing: 발음, 발음의, 발표, 선언, 발음을 표시하는 propagate: 보급시키다, 번식시키다, 선전하다, 전하다, 보급하다, 음향 따위를 전달하다, 전달하다, 증식하다, 번식하다 propensity: 경향, 버릇, 벽 prophet: 예언자, 예언서, 신의 뜻을 알리는 사람, 구약 성서의 예언서, 마호메트, 대변자, 사물을 예지하는 사람, 주의 따위의 대변자 proportionable: 균형 잡힌, 어울리게 할 수 있는 proportioned: 균형잡힌, 비례하는 proposition: 명제, 유혹, 제안, 기업,

Jonathan Swift 상대, 것, 놈, 서술, 유혹하다, 정리, 제의 proprietor: 경영자, 소유자, 소유주, 독점권 소유자, 집주인, 사업주 prose: 산문, 산문의, 평범, 공상력이 부족한, 공상력이 부족한-평범하게 쓰다, 산문적인, 평범하게 말하다, 평범한 이야기, 평범한 이야기산문의, 평범하게 쓰다, 산문체로 쓰다 prosperity: 번영, 행운, 성공 prosperous: 번영하는, 운이 좋은, 행운의 길, 잘 되어 가는, 순조로운 prostitute: 매춘부, 돈의 노예, 매음시키다, 근전에 좌우되는, 악용하다, 매춘하다, 팔다, 약용하다, 암캐, 매춘의, 이익을 위해서 팔다 prostrate: 엎드린, 넘어뜨리다, 패배한, 넘어진, 굴복시키다, 부복한, 엎드리다, 항복시키다, 포복성의, 쇠약하게 하다, 쓰러뜨리다 protector: 보호자, 보호물, 섭정, 보호하는 것 protesting: 불복하는 proverb: 속담, 대동사, 평판 있는것, 우화, 인기 있는 것, 어떤 점에서 저명한 것, 어떤 점에서 인기 있는 것, 속담극, 저명한 것 providence: 섭리, 장래에 대한 배려, 신의 뜻, 신조, 검약, 선견, 하나님, 천우, 신의 province: 범위, 주, 영토, 본분, 시골, 방, 부문, 성, 이탈리아 이외의 영토, 스페인 따위의 주, 지방 provinces: 지방 provincial: 지방의, 촌스러운, 조야한, 주의, 지방민, 편협한-지방민, 편협한, 시골뜨기, 지방적인, 지방인, 지방 분구 관장 provocation: 자극, 성나게 함, 성남, 화, 성나게 하기, 화나게 하는 것 provocative: 성나게 하는, 자극하는, 도발적인, 성나게 하는 것, 자극, 화나게 하는 것, 흥분제, 남을 성나게 하는 prow: 이물, 기수, 용감한, 용맹스러운, 뱃머리 prudence: 신중, 분별, 사려, 검소, 여자 이름, 사려 분별 prudent: 신중한, 조심성 있는, 분별 있는, 조심스러운 publicly: 여론으로, 공공연히, 공공연하게 publish: 발표하다, 출판하다, 공포하다, 공표하다, 서적 따위를 출판하다, 작품이 출판되다, 잡지 따위를 출판하다, 출판 사업에 종사하다, 출판되다 publisher: 출판업자, 발표자, 신문

경영자, 신문의 경영자, 출판사, 잡지의 경영자, 발행자, 경영자 publishing: 출판업, 출판업의, 출판, 출판의 pudding: 푸딩, 소시지의 일종, 푸딩처럼 말랑말랑한 것, 실리, 실익헛 칭찬, 살이 찌고 키가 작은 남자, 물질적 보수 pudenda: 외음부 puissant: 힘센 pumpkin: 호박, 허세부리는 사람 punish: 혼내주다, 벌하다, 호되게 해치우다, 응징하다, 사람을 벌하다, 죄를 벌하다, 상대방을 혼내주다 punishment: 학대, 처벌, 형벌, 벌, 강타, 가혹한 처사, 경기 등에서 지치게 함, 징벌, 지치게 함 puppy: 강아지, 건방진 풋내기, 특히 한 살 이하의 강아지 purely: 순수하게, 전혀, 결백하게, 전연, 깨끗하게, 맑게 purge: 일소하다, 깨끗이 하다, 깨끗해지다, 추방하다, 풀다, 하제, 정화, 변동시키다, 변동시키다깨끗해지다-정화, 숙청, 제거하다 purse: 돈주머니, 돈지갑, 오므라지다, 금전, 상금, 기부금-오므리다, 오므리다, 동식물 따위의 낭, 오그라들다, 입술을 오므리다, 낭 pursuant: 에 따른, 의거한, 준한 pursue: 추구하다, 수행하다, 추적하다, 속행하다, 찾아 가다, 쫓아가다, 따라가다, 소송하다, 길을 따라가다, 계속해서 말하다 pursuit: 추적, 종사, 직업, 수행, 추구, 추격, 연구, 속행, 하는 일 purulent: 화농성의, 곪은, 고름 같은 pushing: 미는, 활동적인, 억지가 센, 진취적인, 고집 센 quadrangular: 사변형의, 사각형의, 변형의 quadrant: 사분면, 사분의, 사분원 quadruped: 네발 짐승, 네 발 가진, 사족수의, 사족수, 사족류 qualifications: 자격 qualified: 한정된, 자격 있는, 조건부의, 적임의, 면허 받은, 제한된 qualify: 으로 간주하다, 적격으로 하다, 적격성을 보이다, 자격을 주다, 제한하다, 자격을 얻다, ㅏ격을 얻다, 누그러뜨리다, 에게 권한을 주다, 라고 진술하다, 진술하다 qualifying: 한정하는, 자격을 주는, 제한하는, 자격을 부여하는 quantity: 다량, 분량, 양, 수량, 다량으로, 다수, 어떤 특정의 분량, 양적인, 양을 나타낸는 숫자, 양을 나타낸는 부호 quantum: 양자, 양, 정량, 몫, 특정량

323 quarrel: 싸움의 원인, 싸움, 불평, 말다툼, 네모진 촉이 달린 화살, 불화의 씨, 불화, 불평하다, 싸움하다, 말다툼하다, 말다툼의 원인 quarrelsome: 싸움 좋아하는, 싸움을 좋아하는 quarry: 채석장, 원천, 찾아내다, 먹이, 복수의 대상, 사냥감, 채석장에서 떠 내다, 추구물, 떠내다, 고 문서에서 사실 따위를 찾아내다, 돌을 잘라내다 quart: 쿼트, 액량의 단위, 건량의 단위, 일쿼트들이의 병, 일쿼트들이의 단지 quarters: 병사 quasi: 준, 유사, 어떤 의미에서, 어떤 의미에서의 quench: 끄다, 억제하다, 풀다, 물에 넣어 식히다, 빛 따위를 없애다, 가열한 것을 물에 넣어 식히다, 동작을 잃게 하다, 반대자의 입을 막다, 불 따위를 끄다, 불 따위를 없애다, 속력을 잃게 하다 quilt: 누비 이불, 침상 덮개, 누비질하다, 누비 이불감, 갈피에 꿰매 넣다, 누비이불을 만들다, 편지 따위를 옷 속에 넣고 꿰매다, 에 이불을 덮다, 그러모아 편집하다, 깃털 따위를 속에 넣은 누비 이불, 누비 이불을 만들다 quilted: 누비 이불의, 누빈, 누비 이불 같은 quilting: 누비 이불의 재료, 속을 넣어 누비기, 누비질, 이불감, 누비이불감, 누비 이불 만드는 여자들의 모임 quiver: 떨림, 떨게 하다, 화살통, 진동, 전통, 떨다, 전동, 흔들리다 rabbit: 토끼, 토끼의 모피, 서투른 경기자, 집토끼, 겁쟁이, 토끼 고기, 토끼 사냥을 하다, 저주하다, 불평을 털어 놓다, 뱅충맞이, 토끼 사냥하다 rabble: 무질서한 군중, 뒤죽 박죽된것, 오합지중, 교반봉, 교반봉으로 휘젓다, 되는 대로 일을 하다, 떼, 빨리 말하다, 떼를 지어 습격하다, 어중이 떠중이, 와글대는 어중이 떠중이 races: 경마 대회 racing: 경주, 경마, 경주의, 경주하는, 경주에 참가하는, 보트 경조, 경마의, 경마광의, 헛돎 rack: 고문, 파괴, 그물 선반, 선반, 고문대, 고문하다, 조각구름, 착취하다, 침대, 경구보로 뛰어가다, 황폐 raffle: 쓰레기, 폐물, 복권식 판매에 가입하다, 래플, 복권식 판매, 추첨식 판매법, 추첨식 판매법으로 팔다,

324 추첨식 판매에 가입하다, 복권 판매법으로 팔다, 복권으로 팔다, 추첨 판매에 한몫 끼다 rage: 맹위를 떨치다, 격노, 열망, 격노하다, 고조에 달하다, 감흥, 대유행, 감동, 열광, 격렬, 날뛰다 ragged: 조화되지 않은, 울툭불툭한, 남루한, 초라한, 불완전한, 찢어진, 야생의, 깔쭉깔쭉한, 손질을 게을리한, 결점이 있는, 고르지 못한 rags: 누더기 railing: 난간, 레일, 폭언, 놀림, 울타리, 가로장, 울, 욕지거리, 레일재료, 그 자료, 욕설 raillery: 놀림, 농담, 희롱, 희롱하는 행위 rally: 회복하다, 대회, 규합하다, 회복, 시위 운동, 재집합, 집중하다, 재거, 놀리다, 고무하다, 조롱하다 rancid: 썩은 냄새가 나는, 불유쾌한, 불쾌한, 썩은 냄새 나는, 악취가 나는, 역겨운, 코를 찌르는, 버터 따위가 썩은 냄새가 나는 rank: 열, 계급, 지독한, 병졸, 고관, 평가하다, 횡렬, 군대, 고위, 등급을 매기다, 나란히 세우다 rapine: 강탈, 약탈 rapt: 열중한, 황홀한, 빼앗긴, 골몰한, 열심인, 황홀해 있는, 몰두한, 마음을 빼앗긴, 넋을 빼앗긴, 골똘한 rapture: 황홀, 광희, 환희, 황홀하게하다, 무아, 미칠듯한 기쁨, 황홀경, 황홀하게 하다 rarity: 희박, 진품, 드묾, 진귀, 진기 rascal: 악당, 녀석, 악한, 하층민, 천한 사람, 악당근성, 불량배, 놈, 장난꾸러기, 부랑자의 rashness: 무모, 분별, 무모함 rat: 쥐, 쥐를 잡다, 변절하다, 다리, 밀고자, 파업 파괴자, 탈당자, 스파이, 비열한 인간, 배신자, 탈당하다 rated: 정격의 rational: 유리수, 합리적인, 추리의, 유리의, 이성의, 합리적인 것, 추론의, 순이론의, 유리수의, 사리에 맞는, 이성 있는 rattle: 놀라게 하다, 혼란시키다, 수다스러운 사람, 딸랑이, 힘차게 차를 몰다, 상소리로 꾸짖다, 흥분시키다, 향음기관, 척척해치우다, 일사천리로 통과시키다, 을덜컥덜컥 움직이다 ravenous: 굶주린, 게걸든, 게걸스럽게 먹는, 탐욕스런, 마구 먹어대는 raving: 굉장한, 헛소리, 광란, 대단한, 대단히, 노호, 헛소리하는, 헛소리를 하는, 미쳐날뛰는, 광란의, 광란하는 ravishing: 매혹적인, 황홀하게 하는,

Gulliver’s Travels 황홀케하는, 마음을 빼앗는 raw: 껍질이 벗겨진, 가공하지 않은, 미숙한, 날것의, 노골적인, 물타지 않은, 가공하지 않은 것, 생것, 원료 그대로의, 버릇없는 사람, 심한 razor: 면도칼, 면도기, 에 면도칼을 대다 readiness: 신속, 준비, 쾌락, 준비성, 준비가 되어 있음, 용이, 자진해서함, 재빠름 realm: 범위, 왕국, 영역, 부문, 영토, 권, 국토, 계, 분야, 세계, 대 reap: 베다, 획득하다, 베어들이다, 수확하다, 받다, 얻다, 거두다, 보답 따위를 받다 reasoning: 추리, 추론, 이성이 있는, 논법, 추리의, 증명, 추리력, 논증, 논거, 이론 rebellion: 모반, 반란, 반항, 폭동, 권력에 대한 반항 rebellious: 반항적인, 다루기 힘든, 반항하는, 반역심이 있는, 반란하는, 모반의, 힘에 부치는, 다루기 어려운, 낫기 힘든, 난치의, 모반하는 rebuild: 재건하다, 다시 세우다, 개축하다, 개조하다 recapitulate: 요약하다, 요점을 되풀이하다, 반복하다, 요점을 되풀이 하다, 의 요점을 되풀이하다 receiving: 수신의, 받는, 고매, 받음, 환영의 reception: 환영, 응접, 수령, 수리, 수용, 평판, 반응, 용인, 청취, 접수처, 접대 reckoning: 청산, 계산, 계산서, 청산일, 벌, 최후의 심판일, 측정, 셈, 배 위치의 추산, 계산서응보, 응보 recluse: 은둔한, 쓸쓸한, 외로운, 운둔자, 세상을 버린 사람, 속세를 떠난 사람 recollected: 냉정한, 침착한, 추억의, 차분한, 묵상에 잠긴, 생각난 recollections: 추억 recommend: 추천하다, 권하다, 의뢰하다, 훌륭한, 호감을 받게하다, 충고하다, 추전할 수 있는, 좋은 느낌을 갖게 하다, 위탁하다, 맡기다, 마음에 들게 하다 recommendation: 추천, 장점, 권고, 천거, 권장, 충고, 좋은점, 추천장 reconcile: 화해시키다, 조화시키다, 단념시키다, 조정하다, 스스로 체념케 하다, 에 만족하게하다, 일치시키다 reconcilement: 화해, 조정 recover: 회복시키다, 회복하다, 벌충하다, 되찾다, 보상하다, 승소, 완쾌, -의 덮개를 갈아 붙이다, 회복, 되찾음, 승소하다

recovered: 회복한, 병 등에서 회복한 redound: 되돌아오다, 이다, 이바지하다, 응보, -에 기여하다, 미치다, 늘리다, 높이다, 돌아가다, 결과가 미침, 불명예 따위를 초래하다 reducing: 체중감소법, 몸 야위는 법, 체중 감소법 redundant: 장황한, 여분의, 말이 많은, 번거로운, 쓸데 없는, 잉여의, 과다한, 많은, 용장성이 있는, 우주선의 장치 따위 용장성이 있는 reed: 혀, 갈대, 화살, 갈대 피리, 바디, 갈대로 이다, 갈대밭, 목가, 목적, 전원시, 혀를 달다 reel: 얼레, 릴, 비틀거리다, 잣다, 감는 틀, 실패, 술술, 실을 뽑다, 얼레에 감다, 현기증 얼레에 감다, 현기증나다 refine: 순수해지다, 세련되다, 정제하다, 고상하게 하다, 정련하다, 세련되게 하다, 우아하게 하다, 세련하다, 세밀히 구별하다, 상세히 논술하다, 맑아지다 refined: 세련된, 우아한, 미묘한, 정제된, 정확한, 정련한, 정교한, 엄정한, 정묘한, 품위있는, 정제한 refinement: 세련, 순화, 우아, 정제, 고상, 정련, 진보, 개량, 개선, 극치, 섬세한 고안 reflection: 감상, 비난, 반사, 반영, 반성, 영상, 숙고, 내성, 영향, 의견, 반사열 refresh: 원기를 회복하다, 새롭게하다, 새로 고침, 청산하게하다, 새 것 처럼 만들다, 다시 활활 타게하다, 상쾌하게 하다, 새로이 공급하다, 원기를 회복시키다, 충전하다, 보급하다 refreshment: 원기 회복, 원기를 회복시키는 것, 휴양, 다과, 원기를 북돋우는 것, 음식물, 피로 풀기, 가벼운 음식물, 기분을 상쾌하게 함, 특히 간단한 음식물, 간단한 음식물 refuge: 피난처, 은신처, 피난, 안전지대, 핑계, 도피처, 구실, 의지, 의지가 되는 사람, 의지가 되는 물건, 위안자 refusal: 거절, 사퇴, 선매권, 거부, 우선권, 거절된 사물, 우선선택권, 취사 선택, 취사선택, 취사선택권 refuse: 폐물, 거절하다, 쓰레기, 사퇴하다, 폐물의, 인간 폐물, 퇴짜놓다, 지질한, 찌끼, 멈춰서다, 안 뛰어넘으려 하다 regimen: 섭생, 지배, 통치, 관리, 피지배어, 목적어, 식이요법, 양생, 양생법, 전치사 따위의 지배 regiment: 연대, 연대로 편성하다,

Jonathan Swift 다수, 조직화 하다, 조직화하다, 통제하다, 대군, 엄격히 통제하다, 많은 무리, 지배, 연대에 편성하다 regret: 유감, 후회, 애석, 정중한 거절, 아쉬움, 후회하다, 슬픔, 비탄, 뉘우치다 regularity: 규칙적임, 정규, 질서, 균형, 정상, 일정불변, 조화 regulation: 규칙, 규정, 정규의, 규제, 보통의, 조정, 조절, 법규, 여느, 예의, 표준의 reign: 지배, 군림하다, 통치, 권세, 주권을 잡다, 군림, 널리 퍼지다, 치세, 통치하다, 통치권, 널리 성행하다 reigning: 군림하는, 널리 퍼져 있는, 널리 유행하는, 세도를 부리는 reject: 거절하다, 토하다, 물리치다, 받지 않다, 버리다, 거부된 사람, 흠 있는 물건, 퇴짜놓다, 불합격자, 받아들이지 않다, 거절된 것 relate: 말하다, 관계시키다, 관련시키다, 이야기하다, 관련이 있다, 친척으로 삼다, 와 친척 관계에 있다, 친척 관계에 있다 relaxed: 긴장을 푼, 힘을 뺀, 무간한, 딱딱하지 않은, 느긋한, 관대한, 느슨한 relaxing: 나른한, 맥빠지게 하는, 몸을 나른하게 하는, 날씨가 몸을 나른하게 하는 relieve: 구제하다, 해직하다, 안심시키다, 덜다, 경감하다, 대조 시키다, 덜어주다, 돋보이게 하다, 두드러지게 하다, 교대하다, 구출하다 relish: 조미료, 식욕, 좋아하다, 향기, 흥미, 기호, 양념, 풍미, 즐기다, 맛보다, 기미 reluctance: 본의 아님, 싫음, 본의아님, 꺼림, 싫어함, 마지못해 함, 반항, 마음내키지 않음, 자기 저항, 질색 reluctancy: 저항, 싫음, 반항, 질색 remainder: 나머지, 유적, 잔류자, 잉여, 잔여권, 남은, 나머지의, 팔다 남은 책, 따로 남겨 놓은, 잔여, 싸게 처분하다 remark: 주의, 말하다, 의견, 주목, 비평, 주의하다, 알아채다, 논평하다, 말, 감지하다, 유의하다 remedy: 의료, 구제책, 치료, 교정법 고치다, 보수하다, 치료약, 치료하다 remembrance: 기념, 기억, 회상, 추억, 기념품, 기억력, 전갈, 기억의 범위, 유물, 잊지 않고 있음, 안부를 묻는 전언 render: 번역하다, 연출하다, 나타내다, 돌려주다, 제출하다,

보답하다, 표현하다, 하다, 이 되게하다, 내다, 교부하다 rendering: 번역, 표현, 연주, 연출, 반환, 정제, 초벌칠, 교부, 인도, 번역문, 묘사 renounce: 포기하다, 부인하다, 관계를 끊다, 기권하다, 거절하다, 권리를 포기하다, 그만두다, 나온 패가 없어서 다른 짝의 패를 냄, 선서하고 버리다, 끊다, 양도하다 renown: 명성, 고명, 영명 renowned: 유명한, 명성있는 repair: 수선, 수선하다, 가다, 회복, 배상하다, 의뢰, 보상하다, 배상, 다니다, 의지, 의지하고 가다 repast: 식사, 식사량 repeating: 연발하는, 반복하는, 순환하는, 되풀이하는 repent: 후회하다, 포복성의, 기어다니는, 뉘우치다, 유감으로 생각하다, 회개하다, 유감스럽게 생각하다 repetition: 되풀이, 반복, 암송, 모사, 모방, 복사, 반복된 말, 복주, 복창, 사본, 재주장 repine: 투덜거리다, 푸념하다, 불평을 말하다, 불평하다, 불평을 늘어놓다 replenish: 다시 채우다, 보충하다, 연료를 공급하다, 채우다, 추가하다, 보급하다 repletion: 충만, 포식, 충실, 다혈증, 과다, 다혈 repository: 납골당, 창고, 저장소, 매장소, 진열소, 매점, 믿을 수 있는 사람, 용기, 털어 놓을 수 있는 사람, 보고, 털어놓을 수 있는 사람 representative: 전형적인, 대리인, 대표물, 대표적인, 전형, 대표자, 대리의, 견본, 대표하는, 유사물, 국회의원 reproach: 불명예, 비난, 질책, 치욕, 꾸짖다, 비난의 말, 비난하다, 책망하다, 체면을 손상시키다, 망신, 의 체면을 손상하다 reprobate: 비난하다, 사악한, 저버리다, 타락한, 신에게 버림 받은, 절개없는, 타락자, 하는님의 버림을 받은, 거부하다, 하느님의 버림을 받은 사람, 꾸짖다 repulsive: 쌀쌀한, 반발하는, 물리치는, 혐오감을 일으키는, 쫓아버리는, 불쾌한, 반향하는, 냉정한, 몹시 불쾌한 requisite: 필요한, 요건, 필수품, 필요조건, 필요물, 요소, 없어서는 안될, 필수의 requite: 보답하다, 보복하다, 답례하다, 복수하다, 보상하다, 에

325 보답하다 resemblance: 유사, 닮은 얼굴, 닮음, 외관, 유사물, 초상, 그림, 외형, 상, 비슷함, 모양 resemble: 닮다, 와 비슷하다, 을 닮다, 을 ...에 비기다 resent: 원망하다, 분개하다, 에 골내다, 을 분개하다, 괘씸하게 생각하다, 화내다 resentment: 분개, 원한, 분노 reserve: 보류, 제한, 예비의, 보류하다, 준비금, 자제, 운명짓다, 보유하다, 침묵, 제외, 적립금 reserved: 보류한, 제한된, 예비의, 수줍은, 예약한, 지정의, 전세낸, 운명지어진, 말수가 적은, 사양하는, 수줍어하는 residence: 거주, 주택, 주소, 주재, 소재, 체재, 거류, 주거, 대저택, 저택, 체재 기간 resist: 저항하다, 반항하다, 방해하다, 참다, 격퇴하다, 무시하다, 방염제, 반대하다, 방부제, 삼가다, 거스르다 resolutely: 단호하게, 단호히, 결연히 resolve: 결심, 분해하다, 결정하다, 결심하다, 해결하다, 결의, 불굴, 의결하다, 용해하다, 풀다, 결단 resolved: 단호한, 결심한, 깊이 생각한, 숙고한, 결의한 resort: 의지, 의지하다, 호소하다, 사람들이 자주 가는 곳, 행락지, 도움을 청하다, 번화가, 자주가다, 자주 드나들다, 힘을 빌다, 휴일의 오락장 respectful: 정중한, 경의를 표하는, 공손한, 존중하는 respects: 인사 resting-place: 무덤, 휴식소, 층계참, 휴게소 restive: 반항적인, 침착성이 없는, 고집센, 나아가기를 싫어하는, 다루기 힘드는, 다루기 힘든, 들떠 있는, 불안해하는, 앞으로 나아가려 않는, 침착하지 못한, 하기 힘든 restless: 끊임없는, 불안한, 침착하지 못한, 잠잘 수 없는, 잠못이루는, 활동적인, 쉬지 않는, 쉬지 못하게 하는, 들떠 있는, 부단한, 침착하지 않은 restore: 회복하다, 복구하다, 회복시키다, 복직시키다, 복위시키다, 본래대로 하다, 반환하다, 되찾다, 되돌려주다, 돌려주다, 부활시키다 resume: 요약하다, 다시 시작하다, 되찾다, 개요, 적요, 다시 차지하다, 회복하다, 이력서, 다시 계속하다, 계속하다, 재점유하다 resurrection: 부활, 그리스도의 부활, 시체의 도굴, 전인류의 부활, 재유행,

326 예수의 부활, 발굴, 부흥, 시체 따위의 도굴, 생각의 영화, 부훙 retain: 보유하다, 간직하다, 고용하다, 존속시키다, 유지하다, 종자, 잊지 않고 있다, 부하, 보지하다, 마음에 간직하다, 기억하고 있다 retinue: 수행원, 종자, 배신, 시종, 특히 귀인 등의 시종, 특히 왕후 등의 시종 retire: 회수하다, 퇴직하다, 물러나다, 물러나게 하다, 자다, 아웃시키다, 은퇴시키다, 아웃 시키다, 퇴각하다, 입후보를 단념하다, 지폐 따위를 회수하다 retired: 외딴, 퇴직한, 궁벽한, 사양하는, 은퇴한, 구석진, 삼가는, 퇴역한, 시골 구석의 retreat: 퇴각, 묵상, 퇴각하다, 은퇴, 은퇴처, 쑥 들어가다, 정수, 물러나다, 뒤로 물리다, 귀영 나팔소리, 특히 말을 뒤로 물리다 revenge: 원한, 복수하다, 복수심, 앙갚음, 원수를 갚다, 복수, 보복, 설욕의 기회, 복수의 기회, 원한을 갚다, 의 복수를 하다 revengeful: 복수심에 불타는, 앙심 깊은, 앙심깊은 reverence: 존경, 존경하다, 위덕, 님, 경례, 숭상, 숭상하다, 신부님, 경의, 위엄, 경계 reverend: 목사, 성직의, 거룩한, 성직자, 숭상할 만한, 신부, 존경할 만한, 존귀한, 님 revive: 부활하다, 소생하다, 환원시키다, 되살아나다, 환기하다, 재유행하다, 재상연하다, 회복시키다, 상기하다, 회상하다, 기운이나다 revolve: 회전하다, 궁리하다, 곰곰이 생각하다, 회전시키다, 순환하다, 공전하다, 오가다, 선회하다, 주기적으로 일어나다, 생각나다, 운행시키다 reward: 보답하다, 보수, 보수를 주다, 벌, 현상금, 사례금, 보상하다, 보상, 이익, 보복하다, 응보 rewarding: 할 보람이 있는, 보답하는, 할 만한 가치가 있는 riches: 부, 많음, 재물, 재보, 재산, 풍부 rickety: 흔들흔들하는, 구루병에 걸린, 곧 무너질 것 같은, 곱사등이의, 구루병에걸린 rid: 제거하다, 면하다, 치우다, 구하다, 벗어나다, 끝마치다, 없애다, 으로부터 자유롭게하다, 면하게하다, 구축하다 rider: 기수, 타는 사람, 손잡이, 추서, 계, 차를 모는 사람, 타는사람, 추가조항, 추가 조항, 첨서, 첨부서류

Gulliver’s Travels ridge: 이랑, 산등성이, 산마루, 이랑이 되다, 등, 등줄기, 산맥, 산맥마룻대, 산봉우리, 융기, 콧날 ridicule: 비웃다, 비웃음, 조소, 조롱, 놀림, 조롱거리, 조소하다, 웃음거리 ridiculous: 웃기는, 우스운, 터무니 없이, 터무니 없는, 어리석은, 우스꽝스러운 riding: 승마, 구, 승차, 승마의, 승차 말길, 승마용의 rigging: 삭구, 장비, 옷, 의장, 의복, 의류 rightly: 바르게, 정확히, 정당하게, 틀림없이, 정당히, 마땅히, 당연히, 정말로, 적당히 rigorous: 엄밀한, 혹독한, 정확한, 준비, 정밀한, 엄밀하게, 호된, 엄격한, 장비, 엄한, 사람 등이 혹독한 rim: 가장자리, 수면, 속이다, 테두리, 언저리, 둘러싸다, 테두리 쇠, 큰테, 외륜, 변두리, 해면 rip: 찢다, 찢어지다, 째지다, 거칠게 말하다, 격랑, 폭로하다, 잡아 찢음, 폐마, 째진 틈, 방탕아, 터지다 risen: 일어난, 부활한, 오른 rival: 경쟁하다, 호적수, 적수, 경쟁자, 와 경쟁하다, 경쟁하는, 라이벌, 경쟁 상대, 대항하는, 서로 겨루다, 맞겨루다 rivulet: 개울, 시내, 작은 시내 roar: 으르렁거리다, 울리다, 노호, 포효, 폭소, 외치다, 노호하다, 고함치다, 반향하다, 소리쳐 말하다, 왁자그르르 웃다 roaring: 떠들썩한, 포효, 활발한, 으르렁거림, 술마시며 떠드는, 소리, 경기가 좋은, 굉음, 극도로, 노호하는, 굉굉히 울리는 roast: 불고기, 굽기, 구워지다, 굽다, 데우다, 구운, 조롱, 볶다, 익히다, 심한 조롱, 생선을굽다 rob: 강탈하다, 강도질을 하다, 훔치다, 남자 이름, 약탈을 하다, 잃게하다, 의 속을 뒤져 훔치다, 강도질하다, 약탈하다, 빼앗다, 에서 빼앗다 robbery: 강탈, 강도, 약탈, 강도죄, 도둑질, 강도질 robust: 튼튼한, 건장한, 억센, 강건한, 조야한, 감칠맛 있는, 강한, 격심한, 정력적인, 튼튼하게 만든, 확고한 rocky: 바위가 많은, 불안정한, 완고한, 흔들흔들하는, 암석으로 된, 바위많은, 태연한, 암석질의, 비슬거리는, 불안한, 바위의 rogue: 장난꾸러기, 개구쟁이, 악한, 악당, 부랑자, 개주쟁이, 녀석, 무리에서 따로 떨어진 동물, 불한당,

장난 꾸러기, 야생 동물이 무리에서 떨어져나와 광포한 roguery: 나쁜 짓, 장난, 사기 rolled: 압연한 rolling: 구르는, 굴리기, 회전 romance: 로맨스, 전기소설, 꾸며낸 이야기를 하다, 연애 사건, 허구, 로망스말의, 모험소설, 로망스말 계통의, 꾸민 이야기를 하다, 가공적인 이야기, 가공적으로 만들어 내다 root: 뿌리, 어근, 근원, 찾다, 정착하다, 자손, 시조, 뿌리박다, 근절하다, 초목, 뿌리의 rooted: 뿌리깊은, 뿌리박은, 정착한, 뿌리있는, 뿌리를 박고 붙어 있는, 움직이지 못하는, 뿌리를 박은 rope: 새끼, 비결, 밧줄로 묶다, 요령, 교수형, 로프, 끈적끈적해지다, 밧줄, 올가미로 잡다, 줄타기용 줄, 줄 rotten: 약한, 썩은, 부패한, 부서지기 쉬운, 타락한, 더러운, 취약한, 나쁜, 태도가 나쁜, 궂은, 축축한 rottenness: 부패 rouse: 각성, 격려하다, 날아오르게하다, 일어나다, 술판, 일으키다, 성나게 하다, 분발, 잠이 깨다, 휘젓다, 고무하다 rowing: 로잉, 배젓기, 저정용의, 조정 rub: 장애, 문지르다, 마찰, 곤란, 마찰하다, 빈정거림, 애써 나아가다, 울퉁불퉁함, 문지르기, 스치다, 빈정대기 rubbish: 쓰레기, 폐물, 시시하다, 시시한 생각, 쓸데없이, 어리석은 짓, 잠꼬대, 찌꺼기, 허튼 소리, 소용없는 물건, 경멸하다 rude: 거친, 버릇없는, 대강의, 건장한, 교양 없는, 난폭한, 자연 그대로의, 울퉁불퉁한, 거센, 강장한, 미가공의 rudiments: 징조 rue: 후회하다, 슬퍼하다, 비탄, 후회, 유감으로 여기다, 회오, 연민, 뉘우치다, 운향, 한탄하다, 안했더라면 하고 여기다 ruin: 파멸, 폐허, 손해, 파산, 몰락, 파멸시키다, 피해, 잔해, 파괴하다, 영락, 몰락한 사람 ruined: 몰락한, 파멸한, 황폐한, 해를 입은, 타락한, 멸망한, 파산한 ruinous: 황폐한, 파멸을 가져오는, 파괴적인, 영락한, 터무니없이 비싼, 몰락한, 파멸을 초래하는, 파괴된 ruins: 손해 ruling: 우세한, 지배, 통치하는, 일반적인, 지배하는, 판정, 통치, 재정, 괘를 그음, 일반의, 주요한 rush: 돌진시키다, 돌진, 등심초,

Jonathan Swift 돌진하다, 골풀, 돌격하다, 쇄도, 돌격, 하찮은 물건, 쇄도하다, 급행하다 rushing: 러닝 플레이로 나아간 거리, 러싱 rust: 녹, 녹슬다, 녹병에 걸리다, 녹병, 무활동, 녹슬게 하다, 녹병균, 녹빛이 되다, 녹빛, 나쁜 습관, 둔해지다 rustic: 시골의, 통나무로 만든, 조야한, 소박한, 거칠게 만든, 수수한, 전원의, 농부, 시골 사람, 촌사람 같은, 시골풍의 sabbath: 안식일, 휴식 sackcloth: 즈크, 비탄, 두꺼운 삼베 거친 삼베옷 sacred: 신성한, 종교적인, 모신, 바쳐진, 바친, 신성 불가침의, 신의 사자인, 전용되는 saddle: 안장 모양의 물건, 안장, 등심고기, 권력을 쥐고, 안상부, 안장에 올라 타다, 에 안장을 얹다, 말에 안장을 얹다, 지우다 safely: 몹시 조심하는, 무사한, 믿을 수 있는, 틀림없는, 안전한, 안전하게 sagacity: 현명, 총명 sail: 돛, 범주, 척의 배, 돛배, 범주력, 항정, 날개, 달리게 하다, 범주하다, 돛단배, 건너다 sailing: 범주, 출범, 항행, 항해술, 순조로운 진행, 항행력, 항해의 sailor: 선원, 수병, 수부, 수병 모자, 해군 군인 salary: 봉급, 월급, 에게 봉급을 주다, 급료 salisbury: 짐바브웨의 수도 saliva: 타액, 침 sallow: 누르스름한, 땅버들, 창백하게 하다, 혈색이 나쁜, 버드나무속의 식물, 누르스름한 색이 되게 되다, 누르스름한 빛깔, 누르스름한 색이 되게 하다 salt: 소금, 소금에 절인, 식염, 식탁용 소금 그릇, 풍자, 기지, 자극, 흥미, 염, 의 손님이 되다, 뱃사람 salts: 방향염 salutation: 인사, 인사말, 경례, 절, 목례 sanctity: 신성, 신성한 의무, 신성한 감정 따위, 청정 sash: 창틀, 장식띠, 허리띠, 어깨띠, 여닫이창, 새시를 달다, 유리창 satisfied: 만족한, 흡족한 satisfy: 만족시키다, 풀게하다, 채우다, 가라앉히다, 갚다, 안심시키다, 이루다, 지불하다, 풀다, 충족시키다, 만족을 주다 savage: 야만적인, 야만인, 잔인, 사나운, 잔인한, 황량한, 세련되지 못한, 최고의, 야만적인 사람, 물어

뜯다, 나체의 saving: 저금, 구조, 절약, 절약하는, 구제, 제외하는, 저축, 을 더는, 보상, 구하는, 외에는 scabbard: 칼집, 권총집, 집, 칼집에 꽂다 scaffold: 비계, 교수대, 관객석, 단두대, 발판을 설치하다, 발판 재료, 골격, 비계를 설치하다, 조림된 무대, 발판, 조림된 스탠드 scalded: 끓는 scandal: 중상, 추문, 반감, 의옥, 치욕, 악평, 험담, 불명예, 소동 scandalous: 명예롭지 못한, 못된, 중상적인, 수치스러운, 중상하는 scanty: 부족한, 모자라는 scarce: 드문, 부족한, 희귀한, 결석하다, 결핍한 scarcely: 겨우, 거의, 이 아니다, 하지 않는 일은 좀처럼 없다, 간신히 scared: 깜짝 놀란, 겁에 질린, 겁을 집어먹은, 하기가 겁나는 scent: 냄새, 향수를 뿌리다, 향수, 흔적, 향기, 냄새 맡다, 냄새를 풍기다, 냄새자취, 실마리, 알아채다, 후각 schism: 분파, 분립, 분열, 분리 scimitar: 언월도, 초승달처럼 굽은 칼 scourge: 천벌, 몹시 괴롭히다, 매질하다, 채찍, 벌하다, 매, 징벌하다, 채찍질하다 scraping: 부스러기, 문지르기, 긁어 모은것, 긁어 모은 것, 깍기, 깍은 부스러기, 깍음, 거리의 무뢰한, 긁기, 먼지, 할큄 scratch: 긁다, 긁힌 상처, 말살하다, 갈겨 쓰다, 근근히 살아가다, 긁는 일, 소정의 규준에 달하다, 어쩌다 맞기, 우비어 파다, 지우다, 찰과상 scream: 소리치다, 날카로운 소리, 깔깔대다, 매우 익살스런 사람, 큰 소리를 지르다, 번지르르하여 어울리지 않다, 깔깔거리며 웃다, 센세이셔널 글을 써대다, 소리질러 말하다, 우스꽝스러운 것, 우스꽝스러운 사람 screw: 나사, 압박, 구두쇠, 분발시키다, 추진기, 억지로 깍다, 굽히다, 한번 비틀기, 성교하다, 봉급, 몸을 비틀다 screwed: 나사로 고정시킨, 나사모양의, 술 취한, 엉망인, 나사로 죈, 술취한, 비뚤어진 scrofulous: 타락한, 연주창에 걸린 scruple: 망설임, 예사로, 태연히, 주저하다, 미량, 스쿠루플, 주저, 꺼리다, 스크루플, 양심의 가책, 의심 scrupulous: 양심적인, 고지식한, 신중한, 주의 깊은, 정확한, 꼼꼼한

327 scurvy: 괴혈병, 상스러운 scythe: 큰 낫, 수레바퀴에 단 낫, 큰 낫으로 베다 seal: 도장, 봉인, 인장, 날인하다, 바다표범 사냥을 하다, 인, 바다표범, 입막음, 확증, 보증, 그 털가죽 sealed: 봉인한, 도장을 찍은 seaport: 항구, 항구도시 searching: 수색, 엄중한, 날카로운, 수색하는, 몸에 스며드는 seaside: 해변의, 해안의, 해안 seasonable: 때에 알맞는, 순조로운, 계절에 맞는, 계절의, 때를 만난 seated: 걸상이 ~한, 앉는 부분이 ~한, 엉덩이가~한 secluded: 세상에서 격리된, 은둔의, 은둔한, 틀어박힌, 격리된, 외딴 sect: 당파, 교파, 종파, 분파 sedan: 세단형 자동차, 의자 가마 seduce: 유혹하다, 꾀어내다, 황홀케하다, 부추기다, 추기다, 매혹하다 seducement: 황홀케하다, 부추기다, 꾀어내다, 유혹하다 seeming: 겉으로의, 외관상의 겉보기, 외관, 겉모양, 외관상의, 표면만의 seize: 잡다, 압류하다, 침범하다, 이용하다, 움켜쥐다, 이해하다, 잡아매다, 잘 알고 있다, 붙들어 매다, 덮치다, 엄습하다 seized: 점유한 seizing: 압류, 잡기, 동여맴, 동여매는 밧줄, 점유, 움켜짐, 꼭쥠, 빼앗음, 소유, 붙잡기 seizure: 압류, 강탈, 잡음, 발작, 붙잡음 seldom: 드물게, 흔히, 좀처럼...않는, 좀처럼, 않는 self-preservation: 자기 보존, 본능적 자위, 호신 semicircle: 반원 seminal: 정액의, 생산적인, 발생의, 미발달의, 발전성이 있는, 배자의, 생식의, 종자의, 감화력이 강한, 근본의, 생식의발달 가능성이 있는 seminary: 학교, 온상, 신학교, 사립 전문 학교천주교의 신학교, 천주교의 신학교, 세미나, 사립 전문 학교 senate: 원로원, 상원, 의회, 평의원회, 이사회, 입법부 senator: 평의원, 상원의원, 이사, 상원 의원, 원로원 의원, 정치가, 추밀 고문관 sensibly: 현명하게, 스마트하기보다는 실용 본위로, 눈에 띌 정도로, 느끼기 쉽게, 분별있게, 지각 있게, 현저히현명하게, 분별 있게, 느낄 수

328 있게 sensuality: 호색, 육욕에 빠짐, 관능성, 육욕능성 sentry: 보초, 파수, 망꾼 serene: 고요한, 맑게 갠, 평화로운, 온화한, 잔잔한, 맑게 갠 하늘, 평온, 고귀하신, 맑게 하다, 침착한 seriousness: 정색, 진지, 용이치 않음, 딱딱함, 엄숙, 중대, 심각함, 중대함, 진지함 servant: 하인, 봉사자, 고용인, 머슴, 부하, 공무원, 종업원, 하인의 serviceable: 쓸모 있는, 오래쓸수 있는, 튼튼한, 사용할 수 있는, 소용에 닿는, 기꺼이 도와주는, 쓸모있는 servile: 노예의, 야비한, 맹종적인, 노예 근성의 servitude: 고역, 노예 상태, 복역, 예속, 용역권, 노예임 settle: 해결하다, 진정시키다, 가라앉다, 결정하다, 놓다, 식민하다, 자리잡게 하다, 안정시키다, 주다, 결심하다, 이주하다 settling: 앙금, 침전물, 식민, 결정, 내려앉음, 고정, 맑아짐 seventh: 일곱째의, 일곱 번째로, 제칠, 제칠의, 칠도, 칠분의 하나, 칠분의 하나의, 칠일, 일곱번째의 사람, 일곱번째의 사물 seventies: 칠십의 기호, 칠십세, 칠십, 칠십년대, 칠십대 severely: 수수한, 간소한, 격렬한, 엄밀한, 군더더기 없는, 엄숙한, 호된, 중한, 심하게, 간소하게, 엄하게 severity: 괴로움, 엄격, 간소, 격렬, 모진 경험, 통렬함 shade: 그늘, 망령, 땅거미, 차양, 색조, 저승, 그늘지게하다, 색의 뉘앙스, 바림하다, 으로부터 빛을 막다, 어둠 shake: 악수하다, 휘두르다, 떨어버리다, 흔들다, 흔들어 깨우다, 흩뿌리다, 흔들어 떨어뜨리다, 진동하다, 전음을 쓰다, 흔들리게 하다, 떨다 shaking: 흔들림, 진동, 흔들리는, 흔듦 shallow: 얕은, 천박한, 얕게 하다, 물이 얕은 곳, 여울, 모래 톱 shame: 치욕, 불명예, 수치, 창피한 일, 부끄럼, 부끄러워 하게 하다, 모욕하다, 부끄럽게 하다, 부끄러움, 심한 짓, 잡된 행실 shaped: 모양지어진 sharpness: 날카로움, 높은 가락, 선명, 격렬, 교활, 급함, 갑자기 꺾임, 가파름, 영리, 험준함 shave: 깎다, 면도, 면도하다, 밀다,

Gulliver’s Travels 스쳐지나가다, 깎음, 깎은 부스러기, 깎는 연장, 수염을 깎다, 엷게 자르다, 스치다 shaved: 불필요한 부품, 액세서리를 떼낸 shedding: 나누기, 흘리기, 벗은 허물, 오두막 shelf: 선반, 모래톱, 모양의 장소, 바위턱, 시령, 암초, 암붕, 평층 shell: 포탄, 깍지, 조가비, 껍질, 파열탄, 껍질을 벗기다, 여성용의 소매 없는 헐렁한 블라우스, 껍데기, 껍데기에서 배내다, 외피, 약협 shellfish: 조개, 갑각 동물, 갑각류 shelter: 방공호, 보호하다, 피난하다, 보호물, 은신처, 차페물, 주거, 햇빛을 피하다, 비호하다, 비호, 대피호 shilling: 실링 shin: 정강이, 기어오르다, 기어 내리다, 기어 오르다, 도보로 가다, 을 기어 오르다, 정강이를 차서 다치게 하다, 정강이를 차다 shining: 화려한, 빛나는 뛰어난, 두드러진, 빛나는 shipping: 해운업, 선박, 선박 톤수, 선적, 실어 보내기, 출하, 수송, 배에 싣기, 선박주, 해운, 적하 shipwreck: 난파, 파멸하다, 과멸, 과선하다, 파선, 난파하다, 난파선, 파멸시키다, 파멸, 난파선의 잔해, 난선하다 shipwrecked: 깨어진, 난파한 shirt: 와이셔츠, 성내지 않다, 셔츠, 내의, 포장천, 남자 잠옷 shocking: 지독한, 지독하게, 충격적인, 망측한, 무서운, 오싹하게 하는, 고약한, 소름끼치는, 형편 없는 shoe: 구두, 신, 편자, 단화, 접촉부, 끝쇠, 타이어의 외피, 이왕 내친 걸음이면 끝까지, 집전장치, 구두를 신기다, 구두 모양의 것 shoot: 쏘다, 쑥내밀다, 발사하다, 내려가다, 퍼붓다, 질주하다, 나다, 곧게 밀다, 촬영하다, 사출하다, 슈트하다 shooting: 촬영, 사격, 총사냥, 발사, 격통, 수렵, 사출, 사냥터, 쿡쿡 쑤시는 아픔, 수렵 구역 shore: 육지, 지주, 해안, 육지로, 언덕, 뭍, 나라, 떠받치다, 물가, 지주로 받치다, 양륙하다 shorten: 짧게 하다, 무르게 하다, 짧아지다, 줄이다, 아동복을 입히다, 빼앗다, 깎다, 파삭파식하게 하다, 짧아 보이게 하다 shortening: 단축, 생략, 쇼트닝, 단축어, 생략어, 생략법 shortness: 짧음, 부족, 무름, 낮음,

가까움, 무뚝뚝함, 냉랭함, 부서지기 쉬움, 간략 shout: 외침, 외치다, 승부는 났다, 소리침, 소리치다, 부르짓다, 떠들어 대다, 고함치다, 큰소리로 말하다, 한턱낼 차례, 큰소리 shouting: 외침, 환호, 고함 소리 shove: 밀치다, 출발하다, 떠나다, 밀어내다, 찌르다, 저어 나아가다, 떼밀기, 밀다, 지지, 밀어 만들다, 한 번 떼밀기 shower: 소나기, 많음, 쏟아짐, 선물, 소나기로 적시다, 빗발치듯 내리다, 소나기가 쏟아지다, 뿌리다, 빗발 치듯함, 샤워, 소나기가 오다 shriek: 비명, 새된 소리를 지르다, 그 소리, 을 새된 목소리로 말하다 shrill: 새된 소리로, 강렬한, 날카로운 소리, 날카롭게, 높은 소리로, 새된 목소리, 새된 목소리로 말하다, 새된 목소리로, 날카로운 소리를 내다, 날카로운, 과장된 shuddering: 쭈뼛해지는, 떠는, 몸서리치는 shuttle: 북, 우주 왕복선, 왕복 운동, 정기 왕복 버스, 정기 왕복 비행기, 정기 왕복 열치, 정기 왕복편, 우주선, 왕복하다, 좌우로 움직이다, 왕복하는 것 shy: 뒷걸음질, 내성적인, 냉소, 겁많은, 부족한, 조심성 많은, 놀라 물러서다, 홱 던지다, 을 의심하다, 수줍다, 을 피하다 si: 시 sickness: 병, 역겨움, 구역질, 메스꺼움, 앓음 sideling: 비스듬히, 비스듬한 siege: 포위, 을 포위하다, 의 포의를 풀다, 줄기차게 공격하다, 오랜 기간, 포위 공격 sieve: 거르다, 체, 체로 치다, 입이 가벼운 사람, 조리 sigh: 한숨, 탄식, 을 슬퍼하다, 한숨쉬며 말하다, 그리워하다, 살랑거리다, 슬퍼하다, 한숨 쉬다, 한숨 지으며 말하다, 한숨 짓듯 산들거리다, 사모하다 signet: 인발, 인장, 막도장 signify: 의미하다, 중대하다, 예시하다, 나타내다, 중요하다, 의 전조가 되다 signifying: 설전, 서로 악담하기 시합 silk: 비단, 견직물, 왕실 변호사, 비단옷, 명주실, 돼지귀로 비단 염낭은 만들 수 없다, 비단법 복, 비단 광택, 명주실 모양의 것, 기수복, 명주의 silken: 비단의, 사치스러운, 반드러운, 비단 같은, 비단옷을 입은, 부드러운,

Jonathan Swift 비단 옷을 입은, 입에 감치는, 견모가 밀생한, 명주 같은, 명주의 similarity: 유사, 비슷함, 상사 simplicity: 간소, 순진, 단순, 소박, 평이, 무지, 간단, 우직 sincere: 성실한, 진실의 sincerity: 성실, 성의, 정직 singular: 단수, 단 하나의, 단수의, 현저한, 각각의 단수의, 보통이 아닌 단수, 멋진, 이상한, 개개의, 훌륭한, 단수형 singularity: 단독, 단일, 특이, 비범, 이상, 기이, 기이한 버긋, 괴이, 희한, 단수성, 회유 sinister: 불길한, 왼쪽의, 사악한, 불행한, 방패의 왼쪽의, 부정직한, 음험한, 악의가 있는 sink: 쇠약해지다, 내려앉다, 낮추다, 가라앉히다, 지다, 스며들다, 몰락하다, 침몰하다, 숙이다, 쑥 빠지다, 우묵해지다 sinking: 가라앉음, 내려앉는, 쇠약 가라앉는, 쇠퇴하는, 가라앉는 sirloin: 허리고기, 소의 허리 상부의 살 situate: 위치한, 을 놓다 situated: 입장에 놓인, 있는, 한 처지에 있는, 위치해 있는, 한 경우에 있는, 한 상태에 있는 sixth: 여섯째의, 여섯째, 육학년, 육도 음정, 여섯번째의, 여섯번째, 육분의 하나 skeleton: 해골, 골격, 골자, 뼈대, 해골의, 여윈, 여윈 사람, 줄기, 최소한도의, 조직 skilful: 숙련된, 잘 만들어진 skilled: 숙련된, 기술이 좋은, 숙련이 필요한, 솜씨를 요하는, 숙련을 요하는, 특수 기술을 요하는 skip: 빠뜨리다, 급히 떠나다, 거르다, 뛰어다니다, 가볍게 뛰다, 도약, 뛰놀다, 뛰다, 건너뜀, 건너 뛰다, 스쳐가다 skipper: 기장, 주장, 팔랑나비, 선장, 팔딱 팔딱 뛰는 곤충, 주장 일을 맡아보다, 구더기, 선장 일을 맡아보다, 생각이 얕은 젊은이, 뛰는 사람 skull: 두개골, 머리, 두뇌, 머리를 때리다, 일류 인물 slacken: 느슨해지다, 늦추다, 늘어지다, 게을리하다, 감소시키다, 늦어지다 slash: 사선, 홱홱 채찍질하다, 혹평, 터놓은 자리, 삭제, 깊숙이 베다, 난도질, 휙 내리쳐 베다, 혹평하다, 일격, 삭제하다 slave: 노예, 뼈빠지게 일하다, 노예의, 노예처럼 시키다, 노예처럼 일하는

사람, 노예처럼 일하다, 노예개미, 종속 장치로서 작동시키다, 노예같이 일하는 사람, 사로빠진 사람, 종속 장치 slavery: 노예 제도, 고역, 중노동, 노예의 신분, 예속, 노예의 신세, 포로, 천한 일, 군침 투성이의, 군침 흘리는 slavish: 독창성이 없는, 천한, 노예적인, 비열한, 노예 근성의, 노예의 sledge: 썰매로 가다, 썰매로 운반하다, 썰매를 타다, 썰매, 큰 망치, 작은 썰매, 큰 쇠망치, 큰 쇠망치로 치다, 큰 해머 sleeping: 수면 sleepy: 졸음이 오는 듯한, 졸린, 너무 익어 속이 썩기 시작한, 잠자는 듯한, 졸리는 slender: 가느다란, 마른, 얼마 안 되는, 빈약한, 미덥지 못한, 미덥지 않은, 협음의, 모자라는, 호리호리한 slime: 찰흙을 칠하다, 찰흙, 점액, 끈적끈적한 것, 찐득찐득한 것, 진흙투성이가 되다, 점액으로 뒤덮다, 언짢은 것, 악의 세계, 미꾸라지처럼 미끈미끈 빠져 나가다, 더러운 것 slip: 스르르 빠지다, 전표, 살짝들어가다, 몰래 달아나다, 미끄러지다, 쑥 걸쳐 입다, 쑥 집어넣다, 의 가지를 자르다, 부전, 미끄러 뜨리다, 풀어 놓다 sloe: 야생 자두, 자두류, 자두류의 열매 sloop: 외대박이 돛배, 슬루프형의 범선 sloping: 경사진, 비스듬한, 비탈진 sloth: 나태, 나무늘보, 게으름 smart: 스마트한, 날카로운, 고통, 괴로워하다, 비통, 빈틈없는, 아픔, 약삭빠른, 똑똑한, 욱시욱신 아프다, 욱신욱신 쑤시는 smattering: 데 알고 있는 지식, 겉핥기 smelt: 용해하다, 제련하다, 빙어, 빙어 무리의 식용어 smiling: 방긋거림, 미소, 은혜, 냉소 smitten: 깊이 감동된, 세게 맞은 smoothness: 교언, 평이, 평온, 유창, 사교적임, 반드러움, 구변 좋음, 감언, 평탄, 맛이 부드러움 snail: 달팽이, 굼뱅이, 소용돌이 캠, 느리광이 snatch: 와락 붙잡다, 잡아챔, 작은 조각, 강탈, 급히 먹다, 한입, 단시간, 단편, 잡으려고 하다, 용하게 얻다, 움켜잡으려들다 sneeze: 재채기, 업신여기다,

329 재채기하다, 깔보다, 유괴, 유괴하다, 체포하다 sober: 수수한, 술이 깨다, 냉정한, 취하지않은, 진지한, 분별 있는, 맑은 정신의, 마음이 가라앉다, 마음을 가라앉히다, 과장 없는, 침착해지다 socrates: 소크라테스 sodomy: 남색, 비역, 수간 soever: 조금도, 아무리, 아무리 ~이라도 softening: 연수법, 연화, 노망, 뇌연화, 우둔 softly: 조용한, 수월한, 흐릿한, 온화한, 연한, 상쾌한, 부드럽게, 손쉬운, 부드러운 물건, 부드러운, 매끈한 softness: 조용한, 수월한, 연한, 흐릿한, 온화한, 상쾌한, 조용하게, 부드럽게, 부드러운물건, 부드러운, 매끈한 soldier: 용사, 군대에 복무하다, 군인, 꾀부리다, 전사, 빤들거리다, 사병, 용병, 군인이 되다, 훈제 청어, 병사 sole: 유일한, 단독의, 발바닥, 미혼의, 독점적인, 혀가자미, 신바닥, 밑부분, 혀넙치, 바닥, 창을 대다 solemn: 엄숙한, 정식의, 격식 차린, 신성한, 종교 상의, 진지한, 심각한 표정의, 종교상의, 중대한 solemnly: 엄숙하게, 장엄하게, 진지하게 solitary: 고독한, 혼자의, 외로운, 단독의, 혼자사는 사람, 혼자 사는 사람, 유일한, 분리된, 인적이 없는 solitude: 고독, 쓸쓸한 곳, 독거, 외딴 곳, 황야 solve: 설명하다, 해결하다, 풀다 sooner: 선구적 이주자, 선구이주민, 선수치는 사람 sooty: 거무스름한, 그을은, 그을음의, 그을음 빛갈의, 그을음투성이의, 그을음 같은, 그을음으로 더러워진, 그을음 빛깔의 soporiferous: 최면의, 최면 작용이 있는 sordid: 더러운, 야비한, 욕심 많은, 칙칙한 sore: 상처, 아픈, 언짢은 추억, 지독한, 성마른, 슬픈, 아프게, 얼얼한, 비통, 힘차게, 진무른데 sorrel: 밤색, 수영, 구렁 말, 참소리쟁이, 팽이밥류, 밤색의 sorrow: 불행, 슬픔, 고난, 슬픈, 슬퍼보이는, 아쉬움, 슬퍼하다, 후회, 고생 sounder: 음향기, 울리는 것, 전음 발신기, 측심원, 소리내는 것, 소식자, 울리는 사람, 측심기, 산돼지 떼 sounding: 수심, 과장된, 측연선으로

330 잴 수 있는곳, 거창하게 들리는, 소리를 내는, 울려 퍼지는, 측심, 조사, 측연이 미치는 측정 범위, 수심 측량, 소리나는 soundly: 충분히, 건전한, 확실한, 합리적인, 철저한, 강하지않은, 안전한, 건전하게 sour: 신 것, 신, 사워, 까다로운, 시게하다, 지르릉하게 하다, 찌무룩한, 시큼한, 산패한, 발효한, 냉습한 southward: 남으로부터, 남으로, 남쪽에, 남쪽으로, 남쪽으로의, 남쪽의 south-west: 남서의, 남서지방, 남서부, 남서로, 남서, 남서로의 sovereign: 주권자, 최고의, 최상의, 주권이 있는, 자주의, 군주, 독립의, 독립국, 영국의 옛날의 일파운드 금화, 영국의 옛 1 파운드 금화, 특효가 있는 sow: 암퇘지, 뿌리다, 에 씨를 뿌리다, 퍼뜨리다, 흩 뿌리다, 씨를 뿌리다, 의 원인을 뿌리다, 선철이 흐르는 길, 의 씨를 뿌리다, 쥐며느리, 원인을 뿌리다 spangle: 번쩍 번쩍 빛나게 하다, 스팽글, 뿌려 깔다, 번쩍이는 금속물을 붙이다, 번쩍번쩍하는 주석박, 번쩍번쩍하는 금은 박, 번쩍번쩍 빛나는 것, 번쩍번쩍하는 금박 spaniel: 비굴한 알랑쇠, 스패니엘 spark: 불꽃, 구애하다, 의 도화선이 되다, 생기, 스파크, 불똥, 활기을 주다, 정부, 점화 장치, 연인, 색골 sparrow: 참새, 스패로 spartan: 스파르타식의, 엄격하고 간소한, 스파르타의, 스파르타 사람, 용맹한, 용맹스런 사람, 검소하고 굳센, 스파르타 사람의 spawn: 알, 결과, 산물, 우글거리는 아이들, 군사, 균사, 낳다, 수두룩이 낳다, 알을 낳다, 애새끼 spectacle: 구경거리, 안경, 광경, 장관, 보기에 도 지겨운 것, 타자의 재차의 무득점, 보기에 도 딱한 것 spectacles: 안경 spectator: 구경꾼, 방관자, 관찰자, 목격자 speculation: 투기, 추측, 사색, 공리 speculative: 사색적인, 위험을 내포한, 순이론적인, 투기의, 투기적인, 위험한 speedy: 즉시의, 민속한, 재빠른, 조속한, 빠른 spelt: 스펠트밀 spider: 삼발이, 프라이팬, 거미, 거미같은, 아주 가느다란

Gulliver’s Travels spin: 낙제시키다, 질주하다, 잣다, 방적하다, 짓다, 회전시켜 만들다, 어질어질하다, 눈이 핑 돌다, 토하다, 뱅글뱅글 돌다, 급락 spinet: 하프시코드 비슷한 옛 악기, 소형 피아노, 소형업라이트 피아노, 소형업라이트 전자 오르간, 스피넷 spire: 가는 줄기, 싹트다, 뾰족탑, 쑥 내밀다, 소용돌이, 절정, 첨탑을 달다, 가는 잎, 끝이 가늘고 뾰족한 것, 나탑, 돌출하다 spiritual: 영적인, 정신의, 신성한, 흑인 영가, 종교의, 종교상의, 종교적인 일, 종교적인 것, 정신적인 일, 영가, 성령의 spit: 뱉다, 내뱉듯이 말하다, 곶, 한두 송이씩 흩날리다, 꿰찌르다, 돌출한 모래톱, 후두두 후두두 내리다, 성나서 그렁거림, 성나서 그르렁거리다, 제거품, 굽는 꼬챙이 spite: 악의, 원한, 앙심으로, 에 짓궂게 굴다, 을 돌보지 않고, 에도 불구하고, 짓궂게 굴다, 앙갚음하다 spleen: 비장, 지라, 우울, 노여움, 언짢음, 원한, 의기소침, 기분이 언짢음 splendid: 화려한, 빛나는, 훌륭한, 굉장한, 근사한, 멋진, 눈부신 spoonful: 한 술, 숟가락 하나 가득 spruce: 말쑥한, 말쑥하게 하다, 가문비나무속의 나무, 그 재목, 말쑥하게 꾸미다, 모양내다, 가문비, 몸치장시키다, 조촐한 spur: 박차, 격려하다, 며느리발톱, 돌출부, 격려, 박차를 가하다, 아이젠, 짧은 가지, 자극, 지선, 박차를 달다 spurn: 일축, 퇴짜, 자빡, 일축하다, 걷어차다, 걷어차기, 쫑아버리다, 쫓아버리다, 딱 거절하다, 차버림, 차다 squall: 소동, 돌풍, 스콜, 질풍, 질풍이 휘몰아치다, 그 소리, 싸움, 꽥꽥 떠들다, 비명을 지르다, 일진의 광풍, 꽥꽥 우는 소리 squash: 진압하다, 흐믈흐믈하게 하다, 으끄러지다, 으깨다, 억지로 밀어 넣다, 과즙 음료, 호박류, 끽소리 못하게 하다, 경구 비슷한 공놀이, 헤치고 나아가다, 철썩 떨어지다 squeeze: 압착하다, 압착, 밀어 넣다, 곤경, 본뜨기, 혼잡, 짜지다, 압착되다, 붐빔, 짜내다, 착취하다 squirrel: 다람쥐, 저장하다, 지붕에 올라가다 stable: 안정된, 착실한, 마구간, 마구간에 넣다, 복원력이 있는, 외양간, 말, 말 조련장, 안정성의, 영속성의, 견고한

stag: 수사슴, 남자들만의, 수짐승, 여자를 동반치 않은 남자, 수컷, 남자만으로, 남자만의, 여자 동반 없이 가는 사람, 권리주 매매상, 권리주 매매인, 남성용 포르노의 staid: 침착한, 차분한, 착실한 stale: 김빠진, 피곤한, 굳어진, 시시한, 신선치 않은, 케케묵은, 생기가 없는, 탁한, 신선하지 않은, 신선미가 없는, 맛이 없어지게 하다 stamp: 종류, 분쇄하다, 우표를 붙이다, 타인기, 우표, 특징, 표, 스탬프, 수입 인지, 쇄석기, 도장 starboard: 우현으로 돌리다, 우현, 진로를 오른쪽으로 잡다, 우현의, 우현쪽의 stare: 응시하다, 응시, 두드러 지다, 빤히 보다, 노려보아..시키다, 시키다, 빤히 쳐다보기, 노려보아, 노려보다, 눈에 띄다 stark: 강한, 순전한, 뻣뻣해져서, 뻣뻣해진, 순전히, 진짜의, 굳어버린, 뚜렷한, 엄격한, 자연 그대로의, 전연 startled: 놀란 starve: 갈망하다, 굶주리다, 아사하다, 굶주리게 하다, 배고프다, 동사시키다, 굶어 죽다, 시장기를 느끼다, 허기지게 하다 starved: 굶주린, 허기진, 굶어 죽는 stature: 발달, 신장 성장, 키, 성장, 성장도 statute: 규칙, 법령, 신의 법칙, 성문율 staunch: 물이 새지 않는 steal: 훔치다, 도둑질하다, 도루하다, 훔침, 횡재, 도둑질, 도루, 몰래 손에 넣다, 훔친물건, 몰래가다조용히 움직이다, 싸게 산 물건 stealing: 훔침, 도루, 훔친물건 stealth: 비밀, 몰래, 몰래 하기, 슬그머니 하기 steed: 말, 기운찬 말 steep: 담그는 액체, 험한, 엄청난, 가풀막, 적시다, 담그다, 담금, 몰두 시키다, 급경사진, 가파른, 적심 steeple: 뾰족탑, 뾰족한 탑 steer: 키를 잡다, 조언, 향하다, 나아가다, 어린수소, 충고, 조종하다, 인도하다, 에 관계하지 않다, 식육용의 불깐 소, 돌리다 steering: 조타, 조정, 등선실, 조타의 stem: 생기다, 종족, 줄기, 어간, 거슬러 나아가다, 막다, 자루, 대, 저항하다, 혈통, 줄기 모양의 부분 stench: 악취, 고약한 냄새 steward: 간사, 집사, 기선, 여객계원, 식사 담당원, 식사 담당자, 사환, 회계 sticking: 끈적거림, 끈적끈적한,

Jonathan Swift 늘어붙는, 개탕 대패로 깎기 stiff: 시체, 딱딱한, 빡빡한, 독한, 강세의, 완고한, 뻣뻣한, 되게 반죽된, 딱딱한사람, 잘움직이지 않는, 경직한 팽팽한 stifle: 억누르다, 질식시키다, 숨겨두다, 진압하다, 끄다, 숨막히게하다. 끄다, 숨막히게하다, 숨을 막다, 숨이 가쁘다 stile: 층계, 회전식 문, 울타리에 낸 디딤대 stink: 악취, 냄새를 맡아내다, 평판이 나쁘다, 악취를 풍겨 내쫓다, 고약한 냄새, 악취를 풍기다, 악취를 피워 내쫓다, 의 냄새를 맡다, 평이 나쁘다, 화학 stir: 활동, 움직이다, 움직임, 휘젓다, 뒤섞다, 흥분, 찌르기, 휘젓기, 유통하다, 흥분시키다, 활동하다 stirring: 감동시키는, 붐비는, 활발한, 활약하는 stocking: 스타킹, 긴 양말, 구두를 벗고, 긴양말, 다리털 stole: 여자용 어깨 걸이, 영대, 스톨, 길고 헐거운 겉옷, 주부용 외투 stomacher: 여성용 삼각형의 가슴장식 stony: 돌의, 돌이 많은, 무표정한, 무정한, 돌같은, 부동의, 냉혹한, 망연자실하게 하는, 씨가 많은, 돌처럼 단단한 stool: 그루터기, 발판, 변소, 변보기, 밑동, 무릎받치는 궤, 걸상 비슷한 물건, 걸상, 후림새의 홰, 창 문지방, 싹이 나다 stoop: 새우등, 현과의 툇마루, 허리가 굽다, 전락하다, 굽히다, 굴종, 겸손, 구부러지다, 몸을 굽히다, 하다, 자신을 낮추어 stopping: 정지, 중지, 메우개, 구두점을 찍음, 멈추게 함, 멎는, 메워서 채움, 손가락으로 선을 누름 storm: 폭풍우, 강습, 강습하다, 날뛰다, 호통치다, 빗발치듯 하는 총알, 큰비, 폭발, 돌진하다, 험알해지다, 심한 천둥 stout: 뚱뚱한, 튼튼한, 용감한, 살찐, 흑맥주, 억센, 비만형의 옷, 끄떡도 않는, 독한, 스타우트 strain: 긴장시키다, 거르다, 종족, 경향, 혈통, 기미, 남용하다, 접질하다, 잡아당기다, 성격, 너무 써서 손상 시키다 strained: 억지의, 팽팽한, 긴박한, 긴장한, 긴장된, 억지로 지어낸, 부자연스러운 strait: 궁핍, 해협, 좁은, 곤란, 좁은문, 엄중한 straits: 궁핍

strand: 바닷가, 좌초시키다, 가닥을 끊다, 물가, 꼬다, 좌초하다, 외가닥, 궁핍하게 하다 strangely: 이상하게, 기묘하게, 서먹서먹하게, 기묘하게도, 색다르게, 이상하게도 stranger: 손님, 제삼자, 낯선 사람, 새로 온 사람, 무 경험자, 모르는 사람, 을 쌀쌀하게대하다, 여보세요, 문외한 stratagem: 계략, 전략 straw: 짚, 밀짚, 가짜의, 하찮은, 하찮은 물건, 짚한 오라기, 짚으로 만든, 스트로, 밀짚모자, 하찮은 것, 짚으로 만든 것 stray: 길을 잃다, 길 잃은, 길 잃은 가축, 드문, 뿔뿔이 흩어진, 일행에서 뒤처진, 방황하다, 못된 길로 빠지다, 집잃은 아이, 헤매다, 고립한 stream: 시내, 흐르다, 흐름, 펄럭이다, 풍조, 경향, 흘리다, 유출시키다, 정보의 흐름, 펄럭이게 하다, 물결 strengthening: 보강하는, 강하게 하는 것 strew: 흩뿌려 뒤덮다, 흩뿌리다, 표면에 뿌리다 strict: 엄한, 절대적인, 정확한, 엄격한, 긴장된, 엄밀한, 완전한 strictly: 엄한, 절대적인, 정확한, 엄격하게 strictness: 엄격함, 엄밀함, 엄중함, 직립성 stride: 쉽사리 헤어나다, 한걸음, 활보하다, 큰걸음, 큰 걸음으로 걷다, 성큼넘다, 급히 가다, 큰 걸음, 걸터 앉다, 한걸음의 폭, 걸터 서다 striking: 치는, 파업중인, 인상적인, 현저한, 두드러진, 눈에 띄는 strip: 벗기다, 옷을 벗다, 길고 가느다란 조각, 장비를 떼다, 활주로, 벌거숭이로 만들다, 빼앗다, 철판 활주로, 연재만화, 의 덮개를 없애다, 줄거리를 떼어내다 strive: 노력하다, 싸우다, 겨루다, 애쓰다 stroke: 한바탕 일하기, 치는 소리, 고동, 쓰다듬다, 맥박, 어루만지다, 한 칼, 한 번 움직임, 한 번 손발 놀리기, 한 번 새김, 침 strolling: 순회 공연하는 struggling: 분투하는, 생활고와 싸우는, 기를쓰는, 발버둥치는, 노력하는 stubborn: 완고한, 완강한, 다루기 어려운, 말 안 듣는, 단단한 studious: 애쓰는, 열심인, 공부하는, 주의 깊은, 공부 좋아하는, 신중한, 학문에 정진하는 studiously: 애써 -하여, 학문을

331 좋아하여, 꼼꼼하게, 신중하게 stumble: 말을 더듬다, 실책, 비틀거림, 비틀거리게 하다, 망설이다, 실수, 더듬거리다, 마주치다, 헛딛어 곱드러지다, 망설이게 하다, 비틀거리다 subaltern: 하위의, 대위 이하의, 차관, 속관의, 대위 이하의 사관, 부관, 중위, 특칭 명제, 중소위, 특칭의, 다음가는 subdue: 정복하다, 억제하다, 이기다, 복종시키다, 누르다, 부드럽게 하다 sublime: 고상하게 하다, 장엄한, 승화시키다, 고상한, 숭고, 장엄, 숭고하다, 승화하다, 고상하게 되다, 웅대한, 최고의 sublunary: 이 세상의, 지상의, 월하의, 달 밑의 submissive: 복종하는, 유순한, 고분고분, 복종적인, 순종하는 submit: 복종시키다, 제출하다, 복종하다, 공손히 아뢰다, 부탁하다 subornation: 매수, 허위 맹세의 교사, 거짓맹세시킴, 허위 맹세시킴, 허위 위증의 교사 subservience: 아첨, 도움이 됨, 비굴, 공헌, 도움이 되기 subservient: 비굴한, 도움이 되는, 복종하는, 보조적인 substance: 실체, 물질, 실질, 요지, 재산, 물건, 본질, 사실상, 실질적으로, 자산, 거의 대부분 succeed: 에 계속하다, 성공하다, 잇따라 일어나다, 계속되다, 입신하다, 의 뒤를 잇다, 계승하다, 의 자리를 계승하다, 후임이 되다 succeeding: 계속되는, 다음의 succession: 연속, 계승, 상속, 상속자들, 계승권, 상속권, 연속물 successively: 연속적으로, 잇따라서, 잇달아서 successor: 후임자, 상속인, 뒤를 잇는 사람, 후임 suck: 빨다, 흡수하다, 한 번 빨기, 빨아들이다, 빨기흡인력, 얻다, 착취하다, 홀짝 빨아들이다, 한 번 핥기, 실망, 에게 젖을 먹이다 suckle: 키우다, 젖을 먹이다, 기르다, 젖을 먹다, 에게 젖을 먹이다 suds: 비눗물, 거품 sue: 고소하다, 간청하다, 구혼하다, 소송을 제기하다, 소송을 일으키다, 여자 이름, 청원하여 손에 넣다, 에게 간청하다 sufferer: 환자, 수난자, 고생하는 사람, 이재자, 이재민, 괴로워하는 사람 suffice: 에 충분하다, 충분하다, 만족시키다, 족하다

332 sufficiently: 충분히 suited: 의 슈트를 입은, 슈트를 입은, 적합하여, 어울려 sullen: 음산한, 찌무룩한, 지르퉁한, 찌푸린 얼굴, 육중한, 실쭉한 summary: 약식의, 요약, 개략의, 간결한, 적요, 즉결의, 요약한, 일람, 총괄적 summerset: 공중 회전 sunburnt: 햇볕에 탄, 햇볕에 타 죽은 sunk: 침몰된, 물밑의, 움푹한 sunset: 말기, 해질녘, 일몰, 저녁놀, 종말, 일물 sunshine: 햇빛, 맑은 날씨, 명랑, 양지, 쾌활 superior: 우세한, 우수한, 뛰어난 사람, 거만한, 윗사람, 수도원장, 우량한, 을 초월한, 에 동요되지 않는, 보다 놓은, 상급자 superiority: 우월, 우세 supper: 저녁 식사, 밤참 supplicating: 간청하는 supportable: 원조할 수 있는, 지탱할 수 있는, 참을 수 있는 supporting: 원조하는, 조연하는, 받치는, 지지하는, 떠받치는 supposing: 이라면, 만약 supposition: 상상, 가정 surat: 무명, 목화 surgeon: 군의관, 외과 의사, 선의 surround: 둘러싸다, 두르다, 둘러싸는 것, 에워싸다 suspended: 정직이 된, 집행 유예의, 출장 정지가 된, 뜬, 떠다녀, 정지한, 매달린 suspicion: 미량, 의심, 협의, 소량, 낌새챔, 느낌, 용의, 에 혐의를 두다 sustain: 버티다, 확인하다, 유지하다, 받다, 견디다, 부양하다, 승인하다, 지지하다, 훌륭히 해내다, 입다, 계속하다 sustained: 지속된 sustenance: 생계, 생명을 유지하는 것, 음식물, 영양물, 음식, 지지 swagger: 멋진, 스마트한, 자랑하다, 으스대다, 뻐기다, 거들럭거리며 걷다, 거드럭거리는 걸음걸이, 을러대어, 시키다, 뽐내며 걷기, 뽐내며 걷다 swallow: 참다, 제비, 식도, 빨아들이다, 취소하다, 삼킴, 한 모금, 삼키다, 받아들이다, 억누르다, 곧이듣다 swan: 백조, 시인, 가수, 뛰어나게 순수한 것, 함부로 떠돌다, 정처없이 떠돌다, 백조좌, 뛰어나게 우아한 사람, 뛰어나게 우아한 것, 뛰어나게 아름다운 사람, 뛰어나게 순수한 사람

Gulliver’s Travels swear: 맹세하다, 저주, 선서시키다, 선서하다, 단언하다, 벌받을 소리를 하다, 서약하다, 욕, 욕지거리하다, 한 상태로 하다, 맹세코 swearing: 서약, 욕을 퍼붓기 sweat: 땀, 고역, 혹사하다, 걱정하여, 땀 흘려 일하다, 열심히 일하여, 고문하다, 땀으로 적시다, 땀을 흘리게 하다, 땀을 흘리다, 물기 sweetmeats: 봉봉, 캔디, 사탕, 설탕절임한 과일, 사탕 과자 swerve: 빗나감, 빗나가다, 벗어남, 바른 길에서 벗어나다, 빗나가게 하다, 곡구, 바른길에서 벗어나다 swiftness: 빠름, 신속, 순식간임, 즉시, 하기 쉬움 swim: 헤엄치다, 물고기의 부레, 수영, 띄우다, 미끄러지다, 뜨다, 넘치다, 헤엄치는 시간, 헤엄, 헤엄치게 하다, 현기증이 나다 swimmer: 헤엄치는 사람, 수영자, 헤엄치는사람, 헤엄치는동물 swimming: 수영, 쉽게, 일사 천리로, 거침 없이, 현기증, 땀으로 넘친, 물로 넘친, 어지러운, 흐르는 듯한, 침 따위로 넘친, 헤엄치는 swine: 돼지, 야비한 사람, 비열한 놈 swoon: 기절, 차츰 사라져 가다, 졸도, 졸도하다, 기절하다, 약해지다 sword: 검, 무력, 전쟁, 칼, 총검 syllable: 음절, 한마디, 철자, 일언, 음절로 나누다 tack: 음식물, 압정, 방침, 시침질, 못, 돛의 위치에 따르는 배 진로의 방향, 돛 위치에 따르는 배 진로의 방향, 돛 위치 변경에 의한 방향 전환, 지그재그 항정, 지그재그로 나감, 가봉 tackling: 태클 동작, 도르래 장치, 도구의 한벌, 밧줄, 배의 삭구, 붙잡고 방해함, 고패 장치 taction: 접촉 tail: 계사 한정, 한사의, 꼬리, 꼬리를자르다, 화폐의 뒷면, 한사 상속 재산, 의 꼬리를 잡아 당기다, 에 꼬리를 달다, 미행하다, 잇다, 꼬리 모양의 것 tailor: 재봉사, 양복점을 경영하다, 짓다, 양복장이, 옷이 날개, 양복을 짓다, 맞추어 만들다, 재단사 tails: 뒷면이 나온, 뒷면이 나와서 talent: 재능, 연예인, 재능 있는 사람들, 인재, 고대 그리스, 재주, 탤런트, 히부리의 무게 이름, 재능 있는 사람, 자기 마음대로 거는 사람들 tales: 보결 배심원, 보결 배심원 소집 영장, 탈러 talkative: 말 많은, 이야기하기

좋아하는 tallow: 짐승 기름, 수지 양초, 수지가 생기다, 수지를 바르다, 살찌게 하다, 수지, 짐승기름 tally: 부신, 일치, 그 눈금, 득점, 계산, 물표, 표, 패, 짝의 한쪽, 부합하다, 대조하다 tame: 부드럽게 하다, 복종시키다, 길들다, 순한, 무기력하게 하다, 따분한, 무기력한, 재미없는, 누르다, 길들인, 길든 tameness: 길들여짐, 유순, 온순함, 길들여져 있음, 온순, 무기력 tangible: 분규, 확실한, 만져서 알수 있는, 엉킴, 혼란, 유형재산, 만져서 알 수 있는, 명백한 teachable: 가르치기 쉬운, 온순한, 가르침을 받을만한, 잘 알아 듣는, 학습력이 있는, 가르칠 수 있는, 가르침을 받을 만한 teachableness: 가르침을 잘 들음 tear: 눈물, 쥐어뜯다, 찢다, 분열시키다, 비애, 할퀴다, 질주하다, 잡아뜯다, 미친듯이 날뛰다, 괴롭히다, 돌진하다 tearing: 찢는, 괴로운, 냅다, 미친듯이, 사납게 날뛰는, 잡아뜯는, 맹렬이, 쥐어 뜯는, 쥐어뜯는 듯한, 맹렬한, 맹렬히 tedious: 지루한, 장황한 tediousness: 장황함, 지루함 temper: 기분, 기질, 침착, 평정, 굳기, 되불림, 알맞은 조합정도, 적당한 정도, 반죽하다, 부드러워지다, 되불리다 temperance: 절주, 절제, 금주, 삼감 tempered: 조절된, 완화된, 단련된, 불린, 달구어 단련한, 기질의 tempest: 대소동, 사나운비바람, 폭풍우, 대폭풍우, 대폭설, 몹시 사나워지게 하다 temple: 신전, 관자놀이, 성단, 절, 교회, 사원, 전당, 쳇발, 고대 유대의 3 신전의 하나, 안경 다리, 성령의 전 temptation: 유혹, 광야의 시험, 유혹물 tempting: 유혹하는, 황홀하게 하는, 부추기는, 마음이 당기는 tender: 허약한, 간호인, 부드러운, 제출하다, 입찰하다, 부속선, 감시인, 입찰, 제공, 친절한, 탄수차 tenderness: 유연함, 마음이 무름, 민감, 애정, 유연, 친절, 다정 tenth: 운량 단위 기수, 열번째로, 열번째의 것, 열번째의 사람, 제 10, 제십, 제십의 tenure: 보유, 그 기간.조건, 조건, 그 기간, 신분보장, 신분보장권 terminate: 끝나다, 한정하다, 다하다,

Jonathan Swift 끝내다, 의 한계를 이루다, 유한한, 에서 끝나다 terribly: 무섭게, 무시무시하게, 몹시, 지독하게, 심하게 terrified: 겁먹은, 무서워하는, 겁에 질린 terrify: 겁나게하다, 겁나게 하다, 무섭게 하다 terror: 공포, 무서운사람, 무서움, 성가신 녀석, 몹시 들볶아대는 것, 공포 정치, 테러 thames: 런던을 흐르는 강 thankfulness: 감사하는 마음, 감사 thee: 너를, 너에게 theft: 도둑질, 절도죄, 도루, 훔침 theirs: 그들의 것 thence: 그때부터, 그러므로, 거기서부터, 그런고로, 그곳에서부터 thenceforward: 그래서, 그러므로, 그곳에서부터, 그때부터, 그때이래 theology: 신학, 종교 심리학 thereabouts: 대략, 그 근처에서, 그 무렵에, 그 당시, 그분근에, 그분근처에 therein: 그 속에, 그 점에서, 그 가운데에 thereof: 그것의, 거기서부터, 그것에 관해서, 그것으로부터 thereon: 그 위에, 그 즉시, 그 후 즉시 thereupon: 그위에, 그러므로, 그리하여, 거기서, 그 위에, 그 후 즉시 therewith: 그것과 함께, 곧, 그 까닭에, 그것으로 써, 그리하여, 그래서 thicket: 덤불, 잡목숲 thickness: 두께, 농후, 두꺼움, 농도, 굵음, 두꺼운 부분, 빈번, 치밀, 혼탁, 머리가 둔함, 굵기 thieves: 도둑 thimble: 골무, 끼움쇠테, 씌움고리, 씌움통 thirst: 갈증, 갈망, 갈망하다, 목마름, 한잔 마시고 싶다, 목마르다 thirteen: 십삼세, 십삼세의, 십삼의, 열세개, 열셋 thither: 저기에, 저쪽에, 저쪽의, 저쪽으로 thoroughly: 철저히, 순전히, ㅁㅇ완전히, 충분히, 완전히 thoughtful: 생각에 잠긴, 주의 깊은, 인정있는, 사려 깊은, 생각이 깊은, 인정 있는 thread: 실, 실에 꿰다, 실을 꿰다, 재봉실, 나삿니를 내다, 섬유, 끈 실, 섬조, 누비듯이지나가다, 연속, 가는 것 threatening: 험악한, 위협적인, 일너날 듯이, 찌푸린, 협박하는,

위험한, 일어날 듯한, 협박적인 threepence: 삼펜스 경화, 삼펜스의 금액, 삼펜스 threescore: 육십, 육십의 thrice: 매우, 세번, 세 번, 몇 번이고 thrift: 아르메리아, 검약, 번성, 절약, 무성 thrifty: 번영하는, 절약하는, 검소한, 무성하는, 알뜰한, 검약하는, 무성한 throne: 왕좌, 왕위, 옥좌, 왕권, 교황의 자리, 즉위시키다, 왕좌에 앉히다, 교황의 성좌, 좌품천사, 군주, 왕위에 앉다 thrush: 개똥지빠귀, 여자 팝송 가수, 질염, 제차부란, 아구창 thrust: 밀다, 찌르다, 찔러넣다, 공격, 습격, 돌진하다, 찌르기, 혹평, 밀치다, 밀기, 돌격 thrusting: 자기 주장이 강한, 공격적인 thumb: 엄지손가락, 마리화나 담배, 빨리 넘기다, 서투르게 다루다, 손가락으로 넘겨서 더럽히다, 엄지손가락으로 넘기다, 엄지손가락으로 만지다, 엄지손가락으로 책장을 넘기며 읽다, 엄지손가락을 세워서 부탁하다, 엄지손가락을 편승을 부탁하다, 편승을 부탁하다 thunder: 위협, 우레, 천둥, 비난, 호통, 장기를 가로채다, 요란한 울림, 천둥치다, 위협하다, 호통치다, 요란한 소리를 내다 thyself: 너 자신, 그대 자신 ticking: 똑딱거림, 이불잇감, 무명베, 아마포, 두색 이상의 줄무늬, 재깍소리, 똑딱소리, 재깍거림 tide: 풍조, 때, 경향, 극복하다, 조수, 흐름, 조수를 타고가다, 헤어나게 하다, 성쇠, 나르다, 견뎌내게 하다 tight: 단단히, 아담한, 다루기 어려운, 말쑥한, 갑갑한, 새지 않는, 옴짝딸싹할 수 없는, 팽팽하게 켕긴, 주장을 굽히지 않다, 꼭 맞는, 타이츠 tile: 기와, 기와를 이다, 타일, 하수 토관, 타일을 붙이다, 실크해트, 패, 비밀 지킬 것을 맹세케 하다, 토관, 모자 tillage: 경작, 농작물, 경지 timber: 재목, 큰 재목, 재목으로 건축하다, 인품, 선재, 용재, 소질, 수목, 삼림, 목조 장애물, 삼주문 tincture: 기미, 착색하다, 색, 의 기미를 띠게 하다, 물들이다, 한 티, 풍미를 곁들이다, 정기제, 색조, 의 냄새를 띠게 하다, 의 색조를 띠게 하다 tip: 끝, 팁, 기울다, 기울이다, 정상, 선단, 뒤집히다, 인사하려고 벗다, 에

333 끝을 붙이다, 끝에 씌우다, 뒤집어 엎다 toad: 두꺼비, 지겨운 놈, 보기 싫은 것, 보기 싫은 놈 tobacco: 담배, 흡연 toe: 발가락, 발끝을 돌리다, 발끝, 발가락으로 대다, 빈틈없는, 부리를 대다, 앞부리를 대다, 도구의 끝, 발끝으로 걷다, 발끝으로 서다, 발가락에 해당하는 부분 toil: 수고, 힘드는일, 그물, 수고하다, 올가미, 고생, 노고, 애써 나아가다, 짐승 잡는 그물, 힘써 일하다, 을 애써 이룩하다 toilet: 화장실, 화장, 복장, 의상, 변기, 화장 도구, 변소, 화장의, 화장대, 옷매무새, 세척 token: 기념품, 표, 이름만의, 대용화폐, 명목상의, 암호, 유물, 점점, 증거, 전조, 신호 tolerable: 참을수 있는, 상당한, 참을 수 있는, 웬만한, 꽤 건강한 tolerably: 참을성 있게, 참을 수 있을 정도로 tolerate: 참다, 견디다, 관대히 다루다, 묵인하다, 내성이 있다, 관대하게 다루다 tongs: 집게, 부젓가락, 화젓가락 tongue: 말, 혀, 국어, 탕, 혀를 사용하여 불다, 혀를 사용하다, 널름거리다, 혀 모양의 것, 말하다, 혀 모양의 가장자리를 만들다, 혀처럼 생긴 것 tooth: 이, 맛, 이 모양의 물건, 좋아하는 것, 물다, 맞물다, 깔죽깔죽하게 하다, 에 톱니를 붙이다, 배의 대포, 식성, 이 같이 생긴 것 tooth-ache: 치통 topmast: 중간 돛대, 톱마스터 tops: 최상의 torrent: 연발, 분류, 억수같이 쏟아짐, 억수, 급류 tortoise: 거북, 느림보, 귀갑 모양의 큰 방패, 귀갑대, 남생이 torture: 고문, 곡해하다, 고통, 을 고문하다, 몹시 괴롭히다, 억지로 갖다 붙이다, 억지로 비틀다, 억지로 꼬부리다, 고문하다, 괴롭히다, 심한 고통 touching: 감동시키는, 애처로운, 에 관하여, 에 관해서, 감동적인 tow: 삼 부스러기, 끌려가는 배, 밧줄로 끌다, 돌보아주다, 거느리다, 끄는 밧줄, 배를 끌기, 끌다, 끌고 가다, 끌리는 배, 밧줄로 끎 toward: 에 대하여, 을 위하여, 가까이, 온순한, 으로의, 의 쪽으로, 무렵, 쪽으로, 바야흐로 일어나려는,

334 에 가까이, 전도 유망한 towardly: 적절한, 친절한, 형편이 좋은, 가망성이 있는 trace: 선, 발자국, 봇줄, 나아가다, 발견하다, 그리다, 흔적, 베끼다, 의 유래를 조사하다, 조금, 추적하다 tract: 소책자, 팜플렛, 지역, 관, 넓이, 기간, 계통, 넓은 땅, 소논문, 다발, 넓은 면적 tractable: 세공하기 쉬운, 유순한, 다루기 쉬운, 취급하기 쉬운 trading: 상업에 종사하는 traitor: 반역자, 배반자, 매국노, 배신자 traitorously: 불충한, 딴 마음 있는, 반역죄의, 배반하는 trample: 짓밟다, 짓밟음, 유린하다, 심하게 다루다, 짓밟는 소리, 무시하다, 내리 밟다 tranquillity: 평온, 침착, 평안, 평정 transact: 처리하다, 취급하다, 하다, 거래하다, 집행하다, 교섭을 하다, 거래를 하다 transactions: 업무, 회보 translate: 번역하다, 옮기다, 해석하다, 고쳐 만들다, 이동시키다, 이동하다, 헌 재료로 만들다, 헌 옷 등을 만들다, 헌 구두 만들다, 중계하다, 병진시키다 translation: 번역, 해석, 옮김, 바꾸어 말함, 물체의 이행, 재산 양도, 자동 중계, 이전, 번역물, 바꾸어 놓기, 바꾸어 놓음 transparent: 투명한, 솔직한, 명료한, 빤히 들여다뵈는, 명백한, 명쾌한 travelled: 견문이 넓은, 여행자가 많은, 널리 여행을 한 traveller: 여행자, 주문 받는 사람, 외판원, 여행에 익숙한 사람, 순회 판매인, 이동 기중기, 하게 진행하는 차 등, 하게 진행하는 것 등, 하게 진행하는 말 등, 외무원 travelling: 이동, 순업, 여행의, 여행하는 여행, 이동하는, 여행함, 여행용의, 여행 tray: 쟁반, 얕은 접시, 칸막이 상자, 장애물 치우개 treacherous: 배반하는, 믿을 수 없는, 의지가 안되는, 반역하는, 기대에 어긋나는 treachery: 배반, 배신, 반역 tread: 밟아 뭉개다, 걷다, 짓밟다, 밟다, 걸음걸이, 밟기, 교미하다, 가로장, 밟는 소리, 억누르다, 디딤판 treason: 반역, 배신, 반역죄 treasure: 보물, 보배, 비장하다, 명기하다, 재보, 재산을 던지다, 진중히 여기다, 귀여운 너, 금전, 명심하다

Gulliver’s Travels treasurer: 회계원, 출납관, 귀중품 보관자, 귀중품 보관물 treasury: 자금, 국고, 보고, 재무성, 보물, 기금, 보전, 산 사전, 보물광, 국고금고, 사화집 treatise: 논문, 논설 treble: 새된, 소프라노, 세 겹, 최고음부, 같은 말에 의한 세레이스 우승, 세곱하다, 삼배의, 삼배, 높은, 고음부의 악기, 고음부의 목소리 trembling: 전율하는, 떨림, 떨리는, 전율, 떨기, 전율 떠는 trencher: 나무접시, 도랑을 파는 사람, 참호병, 써는 데 쓰는 목판, 음식, 도랑 파는 사람, 호 파는 사람, 대학의 각모, 나무 쟁반 triangle: 트라이앵글, 삼각자, 삼각자리, 삼각, 삼각형, 삼각 기중기, 삼각 형틀, 삼인조 tribe: 종족, 부족, 족, 패거리, 대가족, 이스라엘 12 지파의 하나, 다수의 사람, 다수의 동물 tribute: 공물, 찬사, 선물, 감사의 말, 광부에게 주는 배당 trick: 장난, 버릇, 비결, 속이다, 계교, 요술, 요술부리다, 장난감, 모양내다, 의 기대를 저버리다, 계략 trifle: 소량, 낭비하다, 트라이플, 실없는 짓을 하다, 가지고 장난하다, 만지작 거리다, 사소한일, 소홀히 하다, 실떡거리다, 약간, 하찮은일 trifling: 하찮은, 경박한, 시시한, 사소한, 게으른 tripping: 경쾌한, 경쾌하게 빨리 걷는, 보행 자세를 취한, 비틀거리는 triumph: 성공하다, 이기다, 승리, 개선식, 승리감, 승리를 기뻐하다, 승리를 자랑하다, 대성공, 승리의 기쁨, 정복, 공적 troop: 군대, 수송하다, 사귀다, 떼, 모이다, 편성하다, 일단 무리, 몰리다, 떼지어 나가다, 대, 기병 중대 tropics: 열대지방 trot: 자습서, 총총걸음으로 걷다, 총총걸음, 자습용 번역서, 아장아장 걷는 어린애, 속보로 달기다, 속보, 서두르며 가다, 빠른운동, 빠른 걸음으로 안내하다, 자습서로 공부하다 troubled: 난처한, 거칠은, 소란한, 교란된, 근심스러운 troublesome: 귀찮은, 골치 아픈, 다루기 힘든, 성가신, 까다로운, 말썽부리는 trough: 기압골, 구유, 반죽 그릇, 여물통, 골, 물통, 홈통, 각광기, 물마루 사이의 골 trusty: 모범수, 믿을 수 있는, 신뢰할 수 있는, 신용할 수 있는, 믿을 만한

사람 tube: 진공관, 관, 튜브, 통, 지하철, 관 모양의 물건, 관상 터널, 통 모양의 부분, 지하철을 타다, 지하철로 가다, 수상관 tumble: 넘어지다, 공중제비를 하다, 뒹굴다, 전략하다, 구르다, 구르다시피 달려오다, 딱 마주치다, 부닥치다, 좌우로 흔들리다, 폭락하다, 넘어뜨리다 tumbling: 텀블링 tumbril: 농장용 짐수레, 이륜차, 사형수호송차, 비료 운반차, 물고문 의자 tun: 큰 술통, 턴 tune: 협조, 상태, 조율하다, 곡조, 조화시키다, 노래하다, 곡, 조화, 장단이 맞음, 음조를 맞추다, 갑자기 겸손해지다 turkey: 터키, 칠면조, 실패작, 실패, 틀린 것, 터키제의, 터키산의, 쓸모없는 사람, 쓸모없는 것, 틀린 사람 turret: 작은 탑, 포탑, 조종석, 망루, 터릿, 선회 포탑, 바퀴 달린 사닥다리 tutor: 억제하다, 후견인, 가정 교사, 개인 지도 교사 노릇을 하다, 개인 지도 교사, 강사, 지도하다, 가정 교사로서 가르치다, 개인 교수를 받다, 가정 교사 노릇을 하다, 개인 가정 교사로서 지도하다 tweak: 비틀기, 꼬집다, 명안, 왈칵 당김, 비틀다, 시스템의 소수 변경, 잡아당기기, 정신 선경경련을 일으키다, 정신 장애를 일으키다, 동요 twelfth: 제 12, 팔월 십이일, 제십일, 열두번째의 것, 열두번째의, 열두도, 십이분의 한의, 십이분의, 열두번째의 사람 twisted: 일그러진, 황홀해진, 꼬인, 술취한, 비틀어진 tyranny: 포학한 행위, 전제 정치, 포학, 폭정, 참주정치, 학대, 참주 정치, 무도한 행위 tyrant: 참주, 폭군, 폭군 같은 사람 ugly: 험악한, 추한, 심술궂은, 위험한, 싸우기 좋아하는, 불쾌한, 못생긴, 지겨운, 잔뜩 찌푸린, 꾀 까다로운, 추악하다 unacceptable: 받아들이기 어려운, 마음에 들지 않는, 마음에 안드는, 용납하기어려운, 용인할 수 없는, 환영하기 어려운 unaccountable: 설명할 수 없는, 까닭을 알 수 없는, 책임이 없는 unaccountably: 설명할 수 없게 unacquainted: 낯선, 생소한, 알지 못하는

Jonathan Swift unanimity: 만장 일치, 이의없음, 전원 이의 없음 unanimous: 만장일치의, 이구동성의, 동의의, 만장 일치의, 전원 일치의, 합의의 unanimously: 합으로 unarmed: 무장하지 않은, 무기가 없는, 방호 기관이 없는, 무기를 지니지 않은, 무기를 갖지 않은 unavoidable: 피할 수 없는, 무효로할 수 없는, 피하기 어려운, 모면하기 어려운 unbecoming: 어울리지 않는, 맞지 않는, 보기 흉한, 버릇없는, 온당치 못한 unbound: 족쇄가 벗겨진, 매여 있지 않은 unbuttoned: 단추를 끄른, 속박되지 않은, 자유로운 uncertain: 불확실한, 일정치 않은, 흔들거리는, 믿을 수 없는, 분명치 않은, 의심스러운, 변하기 쉬운, 확신이 없는, 확정되지 않은 unchastity: 부정, 외설 uncleanly: 불결한, 난잡한 불결하게, 음란한, 불결하게, 부정한 uncomfortable: 불안한, 불쾌한, 기분이 언짢은, 살기 거북한, 살기 불편한, 신기 거북한, 신기 불편한, 앉기 거북한, 앉기 불편한, 입기 거북한, 입기 불편한 uncommon: 드문, 비범한, 이상한, 흔하지 않은, 보통 아닌 unconcerned: 태연한, 무관한, 관계가 없는, 관심을 가지지 않는, 개의하지 않는, 무사 태평한, 개의치 않는, 흥미을 가지지 않는 uncouth: 거친, 서투른, 예의를 모르는, 무무한, 인적이 드문, 세련되지 않은 uncovered: 보험에 들지 않은, 모자를 쓰지 않은, 담보가 없는, 덮개가 없는, 노출된, 모자를 쓰지않는, 차페물이 없는, 덮게를 씌우지 않는, 차폐물이 없는 undeceive: 의 그릇된 생각을 깨우쳐 주다, 을 미몽에서 깨우치다, 깨닫게 하다, 에게 진실을 깨닫게 하다 undergo: 견디다, 받다, 당하다, 경험하다, 만나다, 겪다, 격다 underneath: 의 밑에, 아래에, 하면, 하면에, 낮은 undertake: 약속하다, 떠맡다, 보증하다, 인수인, 인수하다, 기도하다, 청부인, 장의사, 맡다, 싸우다, 장례식을 떠맡다 undone: 풀어진, 파멸한, 하지않은 미완성의, 하지 않은, 푼, 영락한 undoubtedly: 확실히, 의심할

여지없이, 틀림없이, 명백히 undress: 장식을 떼다, 옷을 벗기다, 옷을 벗다, 평복, 의 옷을 벗기다, 평상복의, 폭로하다, 알몸이나 다름없는 상태, 알몸 상태 uneasiness: 불안, 거북함, 걱정, 불쾌, 불유쾌 uneasy: 불안한, 걱정되는, 거북한, 어색한 unerring: 잘못이 없는, 틀림 없는, 틀리지 않는 uneven: 한결같지 않은, 평탄하지 않은, 균질이 아닌, 흘수의 unexpected: 뜻하지 않은, 뜻밖의, 예기치 않은 unfortunate: 유감스러운, 불길한, 불행한, 불행한 결과를 가져오는, 불운한 사람, 불운한, 적당하지 않은, 불행한 사람 unhandy: 손재주가 없는, 다루기 거북한, 다루기 불편한 unhappily: 비참하게, 운나쁘게, 불행하게, 불행히, 유감스럽게도 unhappiness: 불행, 비애, 불운, 비참 unhappy: 불행한, 부적당한, 적절하지 못한, 계제 나쁜 uniform: 일정한 한결같은, 한결같은, 제복, 군인, 에게 제복을 입히다, 불변의, 동일 표준의, 균등한, 에게 제복을 지급하다 uninhabited: 무인의, 사람이 살지 않은, 사람이 살지 않는 unintelligible: 이해할 수 없는, 분명치 않은 universal: 보편적인, 우주의, 전칭의, 만능의, 만유의, 전칭명제, 널리행해지는, 전세계의, 만인의, 만능인, 모든 사람의 universally: 도처에, 보편적으로, 널리, 일반적으로, 예외 없이, 전칭적으로 unjust: 부정한, 불공평한 unjustly: 불공평하게, 부정하게, 부당하게 unlock: 자물쇠를 열다, 털어놓다, 열다, 자물쇠가 열리다, 터놓다 unluckily: 불운하게도, 공교롭게도, 불행하게도 unlucky: 불길한, 공교로운, 불행을 가져오는, 불행한, 잘되지 않는, 계제가 나쁜, 불운한 unmoved: 냉정한, 흔들리지않는, 확고한, 확고 부동한 unnatural: 부자연한, 보통이아닌, 인도에 어긋나는, 이상한, 몰인정한, 자연적인 인정에 배치되는, 자연적인 본성에 배치되는, 자연적인 천성에 배치되는, 꾸민 티가 나는

335 unnecessary: 불필요한, 무익한, 불필요한 것 unperceived: 눈치채지 않은, 눈치 채이지 않은 unpleasant: 불쾌한, 불유쾌한, 심술궂은 unqualified: 제한 없는, 순전한, 무조건의, 적임이 아닌, 자격이 업는, 제한되지 않은, 자격이 없는 unreasonable: 부조리한, 터무니없는, 비합리적인, 부당한, 조리가 맞지 않는, 무모한, 이성을 좇지 않는, 이성을 따르지 않는 unscrew: 나사를돌려늦추다, 나사를빼다, 돌려서 빼다, 의 니사를 빼다, 나사가 빠지다, 나사가 늦추어지다 unseasonable: 시기가 나쁜, 철아닌, 계절에맞지않는, 때 아닌, 철 아닌, 때를 얻지 못한 unskilful: 서투른, 솜씨없는, 어줍은 unskilled: 익숙하지못한, 숙련이필요치않은, 숙달하지 않은 unsound: 근거가박약한, 깊이 안 든, 건전하지않은, 얕은, 상한, 견고하지 못한, 건전하지 못한, 근거가 박약한 unspeakable: 이루말할수없는, 심한, 언어도단의, 형언하기 어려운, 말하기 싫은, 입에 담기도 싫은 unteachable: 말을 잘 듣지 않는, 가르치기 어려운 untie: 풀다, 끄르다, 속박을 풀다, 해결하다, 풀리다, 해방하다 unused: 익숙하지 않은, 쓰지 않는, 사용한 적이 없는, 사용하지 않은 unversed: 숙달하지 않은, 에 밝지 못한, 통달하지 못한, 에 밝지 않은, 정통하지 않은 unwary: 경솔한, 부주의한, 조심성 없는 unwillingness: 싫음, 반항적임, 마음 내키지 않음, 내키지않음 unwise: 슬기없는, 약지 못한, 어리석은, 지각 없는, 지혜 없는 upholsterer: 실내 장식업자, 천갈이업자 uppermost: 최상의, 최초로, 가장 눈에 띄는, 맨먼저 마음에 떠오르는, 최고위에, 최상에, 최고의, 맨 먼저 마음에 떠오르는, 맨 앞에, 맨 위에, 맨 먼저 upright: 올바른, 똑바로, 골포스트, 곧게선, 곧은, 곧추 서서, 수직, 정직한, 직립, 곧은 물건, 똑바로 선 uproar: 소음, 큰소란, 소동, 소란 upside: 위쪽, 상부, 혼란하여 upward: 상승하는, 위로 향하는, 이상, 위쪽으로, 위를 향해서, 위로 향한, 위로 향하여, 에서 위쪽으로

336 upwards: 향상 지향의, 에서 위쪽으로, 위로 향하여, 이상 urchin: 소년, 개구쟁이, 선머슴, 고슴도치, 장난꾸러기, 섬게 urgency: 긴급, 긴급한 일, 절박, 역설, 위급, 급박, 긴급 안건이라는 결의, 위기, 화급, 한결같은 주장, 집요 urine: 오줌, 소변 usage: 취급법, 관용법, 관습, 어법, 사용법, 관용, 취급, 습관, 용법 usefully: 유용하게 usefulness: 쓸모 있음, 유용성 useless: 쓸모없는, 무익한, 속절없는, 편치 않은 utmost: 최대의, 가장먼, 극한, 최대 한도, 최고의 것, 가장 떨어진, 최대한도, 최대한의, 최상의 것 utopia: 유토피아, 이상향, 공상적 정치체제, 공상적 사회 체제, 공상적 정치 체제, 유토피아 소설 utter: 말하다, 전적인, 절대적인, 완전한, 행사하다, 나타내다, 발음하다, 순전한, 무조건의, 발언하다, 입 밖에 내다 utterly: 아주, 완전히, 완전한, 전혀, 순전히 vacancy: 공허, 결원, 공석, 방심, 틈, 빈곳, 공백, 빈 자리, 빈자리, 공간, 빈터 vacant: 빈, 멍한, 한가한, 비어 있는, 공허한, 결원의, 사람이 안 사는, 허탈한, 빈자리 지위의, 빈자리의 vain: 헛된, 쓸데 없는, 공허한, 자부심이 강한, 헛되게, 경솔하게, 가치없는, 자만심이 강한, 속절없는 vale: 골짜기, 이별, 안녕히, 작별인사 valet: 종자, 보이, 돌보다, 시종, 시종으로 섬기다, 남의 옷을 돌보다 valour: 용기, 무용, 용맹 valued: 존중되는, 평가된, 가치를 가진, 의 가치를 가진 vanity: 공허, 화장대, 무가치, 허영, 무익, 허영심, 허무함, 허황한 것, 휴대용 화장품 상자 variance: 변화, 상위, 불화, 변동, 불일치, 다툼, 이간하다, 와 틀려, 평방 편차, 소장과 진술과의 상위 varied: 변화있는, 가지가지의, 변한, 여러 가지의, 변화 있는, 변화 많은 variously: 여러 가지이름으로, 여러방면으로, 가지가지로, 가지각색으로, 형형색색으로, 여러 가지로 varlet: 악한, 종복, 시동, 종자 varying: 변화하는, 바뀌는 vassal: 가신, 가신의, 노예, 종자, 예속하는, 예속의 vaulted: 아치형의, 아치형 천장의, 둥근 천장으로 된, 아치 모양

Gulliver’s Travels 천장으로 된 veal: 송아지 고기 vegetables: 야채 vehemence: 격렬함, 맹위, 열렬, 맹렬함, 격정 vend: 행상하다, 말하다, 팔다, 매각하다, 팔고 다니다 venerable: 부주교님, 존경할 만한, 가경자, 나이 먹어 존엄한, 오래되어 숭엄한, 오래된 veneration: 존경, 숭배, 숭상 venice: 베니스 venture: 투기, 모험, 되는 대로, 결행하다, 위험을 무릅쓰고하다, 걸다, 위험을 무릅쓰고 해보다, 용기를 내어 발표하다, 위험에 직면케 하다, 용기를 내어 가다, 건 물건 veracity: 정확, 정직, 진실, 정확성, 진실을 말함 verbal: 구두의, 동사의, 말의, 준동사, 축어적인, 동사적인, 말로 나타낸, 말뿐인, 말에관한, 말만의, 언쟁 verge: 가장자리, 기울다, 경계, 한계, 끝, 바싹 다가가다, 에 직면하다, 에 향하다, 접하다, 가, 향하다 verify: 실증하다, 입증하다, 의 천공 검사를하다, 확인하다, 증명하다, 검증하다 verily: 참으로, 확실히, 진실로 vermin: 사회의 해충, 해충, 건달, 깡패, 해로운 짐승, 두더지 따위, 영국에서는 엽조나 가금을 해치는 매, 여우, 올빼미, 해수 vernal: 봄의, 청춘의, 봄같은, 싱싱한, 젊은, 봄 같은, 봄다운 versailles: 베르사이유 verse: 절, 시, 시형, 시의 한 행, 귀절, 시가, 시를 짓다, 운문, 시의 절, 시로 짓다, 시로 표현하다 versed: 숙달한, 에 환한, 정통한 vertical: 연직의, 정점의, 수직선, 천정의, 수직의, 대정의, 정상의, 세로, 종으로 연결한, 수직재, 수직선면 vessel: 배, 도관, 용기, 비행선, 그릇, 맥관, 관, 사람 vexation: 애탐, 괴롭힘, 화냄, 고민거리, 고통, 고민, 귀찮은 사물, 애태움, 속상함, 괴로움의 원인, 번뇌의 원인 vexatious: 성가신, 남을 곯리려고 걸핏하면 소송을 일으키는 vexed: 안절부절 못하는, 곤란한, 마음 아픈, 성난, 머리를 이프게 하는 vice: 악습, 육체적 결함, 나쁜 버릇, 사악, 결점, 부도덕, 바이스, 대리로서, 악, 악덕, 병 vice-admiral: 해군 중장

viceroy: 부왕, 총독, 태수 vicious: 지독한, 악의 있는, 부도덕한, 타락한, 악습이 있는, 부정확한, 버릇 나쁜, 결함이 있는, 사악한, 심한, 버릇이 고약한 victorious: 승리의, 승리를 가져오는, 이긴, 승리를 거둔, 전승자의, 승리를 나타내는, 이겨서 의기양양한, 전승의 victuals: 식료품을 공급하다, 식료품을 사들이다, 음식물, 음식을 먹다 viewing: 텔레비전 프로, 텔레비전 보기, 바라보기, 조망, 보기 vigilance: 불침번, 경계, 불면증, 철야, 조심, 불면, 각성 상태, 각성 활동, 각성 vigilant: 자지 않고 지키는, 방심하지 않는, 경계하는, 경계하고 있는 vigour: 정력, 활기, 힘, 구속력 vile: 지독한, 빈약한, 야비한, 부도덕한, 대단히 나쁜, 하찮은, 변변찮은, 상스러운, 비열한, 몹시 나쁜, 비참한 vindicate: 주장하다, 의 정당함을 입증하다, 풀다, 변호하다, 의 진실함을 입증하다, 진실성을 입증하다, 지지하다, 의 결백함을 입증하다, 옹호하다, 정당성을 입증하다 vindication: 입증, 옹호, 옹호하는 것, 해명, 변호, 변명, 설욕, 입증하는 것, 옹호하는 사실, 입증하는 사실 vinegar: 초, 식초, 활력, 에 초를 치다, 찡그린 표정, 에 초를 섞다 violation: 위반, 위배, 방해, 강간, 모독, 침입, 침해 violently: 맹렬하게, 격렬히, 세차게, 심하게, 난폭하게, 폭력적으로 virtue: 미덕, 정조, 장점, 가치, 고결, 효력, 미점, 도덕적 우수성, 선량, 덕, 효능 virtuous: 정숙한, 선량한, 도덕적인, 덕이 있는, 덕 있는, 효력이 있는, 고결한 체하는 visage: 얼굴, 얼굴 모습 viscous: 점착성의, 가소성의, 끈적이는, 찐득찐득한 visibly: 눈에 보이게, 뚜렷하게, 명백히, 역력히 visionary: 공상가, 공상적인, 환영을 보는 사람, 환영의, 비현실적인, 환상에 잠기는, 환영으로 나타나는, 예언력이 있는, 환영같은, 가공적인 vista: 전망, 가로수 길, 거리, 멀리 보이는 경치, 예상, 멀리 내다보이는 경치, 추억 vivacity: 생기, 활발, 쾌활, 활달, 장난, 쾌활한 행위, 까불기, 활기

Jonathan Swift vocabulary: 어휘, 단어집, 사전, 표현 기법의 범위, 단어집표 vogue: 인기, 유행, 대유행, 유행의 voided: 틈이 있는, 공허하게된, 윤곽만 남기고 가운데를 잘라낸, 무효로 된 volatile: 덧없는, 휘발성의, 변덕스러운, 쾌활한, 일시적인, 비지구의, 새, 날개로 공중을 나는, 휘발성 물질, 휘발하는 volley: 발리를 하다, 일제히 발사되다, 연발, 일제 사격, 발리로 되치다, 빗발치듯하는 탄환, 연발하다, 일제 사격하다, 발리, 발리로 쳐 넘기다, 발리로 쳐차 넘기다 vomit: 토하다, 게우다, 토제, 구토물, 게운 것, 내뿜다, 용암 따위를 분출하다, 퍼붓다, 분출하다, 게우게 하다, 게워내다 voting: 투표, 투표권 행사 voyage: 항해, 항해하다, 바다를 건너가다, 건너 지르다, 여행기 vulgar: 상스러운, 일반의, 통속적인, 일반 대중의, 서민의, 야비한한, 일반 민중이 사용하는, 평민의, 저속한, 평민, 일반대중의 wafer: 제병, 웨이퍼, 오블라토, 봉함지, 얄팍한 것, 풀로 봉하다 waist: 허리, 블라우스, 요부, 몸통옷, 가운데의 잘룩한 곳, 허리의 잘룩한 곳, 여성복의 치수, 여성복의 허리, 중앙의 잘룩한 부분 waistband: 허리띠 waistcoat: 조끼, 양복 조끼 waking: 깨어 있는, 몽상 walled: 벽이 있는 wanting: 모자라는, 부족한, 지혜가 모자라는, 이 없이 warden: 교장, 장, 학장, 간수장, 교구위원, 문시인, 감시인, 감독, 감시원, 교도소장, 교회 위원 warrant: 영장, 정당화하다, 정당한 이유, 보증하다, 보증, 권능, 근거, 단언하다, 준사관 사령, 권한을 부여하다, 준위 washing: 세탁물, 씻겨 나온것, 빨래물, 빨래, 세탁, 세탁용의, 세광하여 채취한 사금, 씻음, 엷은 피복, 물 wasp: 허리가 가는, 성 잘 내는, 말벌같은, 심술궂은, 육군 항공 여자 조종사대의 대원, 장수말벌, 성 잘내는 사람, 백인 앵글로색슨 신교도, 말벌, 성 잘 내는 사람, 워스프 wasted: 황폐한, 살해된, 지나간 watchful: 경계하는, 주의 깊은, 조심스러운, 방심하지 않는, 주의깊은

wattled: 늘어진 살이 있는, 욋가지로 엮은, 느어진 살이 있는, 오리로 역어 만든 weakness: 우둔, 불충분, 결점, 약함, 우유부단, 약점, 저능, 유약, 박약, 마음이 약함, 나약 weal: 행복, 복리, 채찍맞아 지렁이처럼 부르튼 곳, 국가, 길게 부르튼 자리, 발진, 번영, 부, 부어오름, 안녕, 에 부르튼 자리를 내다 weariness: 권태, 싫증, 피로 weary: 지치다, 지치게 하다, 지치게 하는, 싫어진, 넌더리나는, 동경하다, 싫증나다, 지루하게 하다, 지루해지다, 피로한, 싫증나게 하다 weasel: 족제비, 교활한 사람, 수륙 양용차, 교활한 사나이, 말끝을 흐리다, 밀고하다, 설상차, 의무등을 기피하다, 의무등을 회피하다 weathercock: 바람개비, 변덕쟁이, 풍향성이 있다, 에 풍향계를 달다, 변덕꾸러기, 에 대한 바람개비 역할을 하다, 에 바람개비를 달다 weave: 꾸미다, 짜다, 헤치고 나아가다, 짜기, 적기를 누비면서 잘 피하다, 이리저리 헤치고 나아가다, 얽다, 엮다, 짜는 법, 엮어서 만든 것, 오가다 wedged: 쐐기 모양의, 박혀서 꼼짝 않는 weekly: 매주의, 매주, 주간지, 주간지 잡지, 일주 일회의, 주 1 회의, 주 1 회, 주간지 신문, 주마다 weeping: 드리우는, 가지가 휘늘어진, 우는, 눈물 흘리는, 눈물울 흘리는, 눈물을 흘리는, 늘어짐, 배어 나오는, 스며 나오는, 스며 나옴, 울음 weigh: 무거운 짐이 되다, 무게를 달다, 닻을 올리다, 울리다, 말을 음미하다, 몸무게를 달다, 손으로 무게를 헤아리다, 숙고하다, 압박하다, 잘 생각하다, 존중되다 weighty: 중요한, 무거운, 유력한, 답답하게 내리누르는, 무게를 가진, 중대한, 견딜 수 없는, 남을 수긍케 하는 힘이 있는, 무게 있는, 비중이 큰 세력 있는, 무게있는 welch: 웨일스의, 건 돈을 치르지 않고 도망치다, 빚을 떼어 먹다, 웨일스 말, 웨일스 말의, 웨일스 사람, 웨일스 사람의 well-meaning: 선의의, 선의에서 나온, 호인인, 마음씨 좋은, 호의에서 우러난 wen: 혹, 대도시, 웬 wench: 젊은 여자, 소녀, 하층 계급의 여자, 하층 흑인의 여자, 매춘부와 놀다, 처녀, 음탕한 여자

337 westerly: 서쪽에서, 서쪽으로 향한, 서방의, 서방에 westward: 서방에, 서쪽의, 서쪽, 서쪽으로 향하는, 서부 제국, 서쪽에, 서쪽으로 whale: 고래, 고래잡이에 종사하다, 굉장히 큰것, 심하게 때리다, 매질하다, 뛰어난 사람, 뛰어난 것, 때리다 whatsoever: 일은 무엇이든지, 도대체 무엇이, 것은 무엇이든지 whence: 하는 그 곳으로, 어찌하여, 어디서, 바의, 왜, 어떻게, 출처, 하는, 어디로부터 whereat: 그래서, 왜, 무엇때문에, 그러자, 무엇에 대하여, 한 바의, 하는 바의 whereby: 어떻게, 그에 의하여, 하는, 무엇에 의하여 wherein: 어떤 점에서, 그 중에, 그점에서, 무엇 가운데에, 하는 바의, 어떤 점으로 whereof: 누구의, 그것에 관하여, 무엇에 관하여, 무엇의, 그것의 whereupon: 그래서, 거기서, 그 때문에, 무엇 위에, 그 위에 wherever: 대체 어디에, 어디에 든지, 어디로 든지, 대체 어디로, 대체 어디에서, 어디든지 wherewith: 무엇으로, 하기 위한, 그것으로, 그것을 가지고 wherry: 나룻배, 폭넓은 돛배, 경주용 보트, 큰 하천용 너벅선, 일인승 스컬 whey: 유장 whig: 휘그당원, 민권당원, 독립당원, 휘그당원의 whip: 마부, 채찍질하다, 감치다, 사냥개 담당원, 매, 크림 달걀 따위를 거품일게 한 디저트 과자, 원내총무, 낚싯대를 휙 던져 났다, 휘감다, 단단히 감다, 거품일게 하다 whipping: 채찍질, 던질낚시질, 끝매듭, 급히 움직임, 패배 whisper: 속삭이다, 속삭임, 소근거림, 살랑살랑소리, 살랑살랑 소리를 내다, 말을 가만히 퍼뜨리다, 은밀히 말을 퍼뜨리다, 몰래 말하다, 소문, 적은 분량, 일러바치다 whispering: 속삭임, 속삭이는 whistle: 휘파람, 호각, 기적을 울리다, 휘파람을 불다, 경적, 휘파람불다, 헛되이 바라다, 팽 하고 날다, 휘파람으로 부르다, 입, 기적 whistling: 휘파람을 부는, 휘파람같은 소리를 내는, 천식, 휘파람 whiteness: 흼, 순백함, 결백, 창백함, 창백, 순결, 백색 물질 whither: 어디로, 곳으로, 그 곳으로,

338 가는 곳 whoever: 하는 사람은 누구든, 도대체 누가, 누구나, 도대체 누구를 wholesome: 유익한, 건강에 좋은, 건전한, 건강해 보이는, 위생에 좋은, 안전한, 신중한, 건강듯한, 건강한 wholly: 완전히, 아주, 오로지, 전적으로, 어구와함께 whore: 매춘부, 매춘 행위를 하다, 매춘부와 놀다, 타락시키다, 갈보 취급하다, 암캐, 매춘하다, 사교에 빠지다 whoremonger: 밀통하는 남자, 호색가 widow: 미망인, 과부, 과부로 만들다, 아내를여윈, 돌리고 남은 패, 빼앗다, 샴페인 술, 과부가 되게 하다 wight: 사람, 인간, 생물, 초자연적 존재 wildly: 거칠게, 격렬하게, 야생상태로, 과격하게, 난폭하게, 미친 듯이, 야생적으로, 무턱대고 wilful: 계획적인, 외고집의, 일부러의, 고집 센 willingly: 자진해서, 기꺼이, 쾌히 windward: 바람 불어오는 쪽, 바람 불어오는 쪽의, 바람 불어오는 쪽으로 windy: 바람이 센, 공허한, 수다스러운, 깜짝 놀란, 가스가 차는, 바람 불어오는 쪽의, 입만의, 말만의 wings: 공군 기장 winnow: 골라내다, 까붐질하다, 겨를 까부르다, 곡식을 까부르기, 켜질하다, 식별하다, 키질하다, 선별하다, 까부르다, 그 장치, 까불러 가리는 도구 wipe: 훔치다, 손수건, 훔치기, 닦다, 닦기, 닦아내다, 한번 닦기, 비비다, 빼다, 닦음, 주먹다짐 wire: 철사, 전선, 전보를 치다, 전신, 철사로 묶다, 전보치다, 전보, 결승선, 철사 세공, 전선을 가설하다, 덫 wisdom: 학문, 지혜, 현명, 지식, 분별 현인, 금언, 명언, 현인 wise: 방법, 알리다, 현명한, 정도, 영리해 보이는, 분별있는, 슬기로운, 슬기롭다, 양식, 학문이 있는, 알고 있는 wisp: 도깨비 불, 다발, 작은것, 한모숨, 단편, 양복솔, 한줌 wistful: 탐나는 듯한, 생각에 잠긴, 곰곰 생각하는, 탐내는 wit: 기지, 재치, 지력, 알다, 재치있는 사람, 정신, 재주꾼, 지 withdraw: 회수하다, 취소하다, 움츠리다, 움츠러들다, 물러나다, 철수하다, 철회하다, 물러서다, 탈퇴하다, 취하하다, 사용을 끊다

Gulliver’s Travels withered: 시든, 쇠퇴한, 이운 witness: 목격하다, 증거, 증언하다, 목격자, 증인, 서명하다, 증언, 에 입회하다, 증거가 되다, 증거물, 증명하다 wives: 부인들 wolves: 늑대들 womankind: 여성 wondering: 이상한 듯한 woods: 형이 보통임 woody: 목질의, 나무의, 나무가 무성한, 목본의, 우디, 수목이 우거진 wool: 모직물, 털실, 모직의, 양털, 고수머리, 양모, 모직물의, 양털 모양의 것, 면모 woollen: 양모의, 모직의, 모직물을 취급하는 workman: 노동자, 일을 하는 사람, 노동자의 workmanship: 솜씨, 완성된 품, 세공, 기량, 세공품 worn: 녹초가 된, 낡아 빠진, 닳아빠진 worthy: 훌륭한, 명사, 하기에 족한, 훌륭한 인물, 상당한, 가치있는, 사람, 가치 있는 wound: 해치다, 상처를 입히다, 부상, 고통, 손해, 사랑의 상처, 상처, 상처내다, 부상하게 하다, 손상 wounded: 부상한, 상처입은, 부상자들 wrench: 렌치, 비틀다, 비틀어 떼다, 비틂, 왜곡하다, 억지로 끌어댐, 삐다, 비틀기, 뒤틀리다, 비통함, 비통 wrestle: 씨름, 분투, 싸우다, 레슬링, 와 레슬링하다, 레슬링을 하다, 맞붙어 싸우다, 무지막지하게 마구 밀어대다, 씨름을 하다, 와 레슬링을 하다, 을 넘어뜨리다 wretched: 나쁜, 불운한, 지독한, 비참한, 야비한, 아주 불쾌한, 서툰 wrist: 손목, 손목 관절, 손재주, 피스톤핀, 손목의, 손목을 써서 writ: 영장, 문서 xi: 크사이, 영어의 x 에 해당, 그리스어 알파벳의 14 번째 글자 yahoo: 인간의 모습을 한 짐승, 야후속의, 야후, 무뚝뚝한 사람, 짐승 같은 사람, 무례한 사람 yeoman: 자작농, 종자, 기마 의용병, 소지주, 하사관, 자유민, 향사, 서무계, 국왕의 시종, 제후 yield: 주다, 양도하다, 가져오다, 허락하다, 산출하다, 생산하다, 생기게 하다, 휘다, 따르다, 수확, 수율 youngest: 최연소자, 가장 나이 어린 가족, 막내 아이, 특히 가장 나이 어린 가족

zeal: 열중, 열심, 열의, 열성 zealous: 열광적인, 열심인 zenith: 절정, 천정, 정점, 극도 zodiac: 일주, 황도대, 수대, 십이궁도